At first, the building had a board-roof, as the baulks with raising-plate construction and earlier photos indicate. Today, the roof has a double fir tree-shingle roof. The earlier raising-plate baulks have been replaced by hewn barling baulks. A tall metal welded cross is also on the roof, placed on a round dome.
|
|
During the 1993 deck renovation, two 18-inch-deep troughs were discovered recessed into the granite deck stones running the entire length of the viaduct and spaced at standard gauge width ( inches). The troughs contained longitudinal baulks and were part of the original construction. The baulks supported the rails without the need for transoms as the gauge was maintained by the longitudinal troughs. This is the only known instance of transomless baulks recessed in granite slabs; the original tracks before and after the viaduct used baulks making the B&P; originally a baulk railroad.
|
|
Thinner timber transoms were used to keep the baulks the correct distance apart.
|
|
However she baulks at the suggestion that the picture will be a comic drama.
|
|
A family of Tamil shipwrights were adzing baulks of timber into banana-shaped fishing rafts.
|
|
The party wall had already been removed, and the structure above rested on baulks and beams.
|
|
The pairs of rafts are joined by three baulks 15 ft. long laid in parallel grooves in the framing.
|
|
These were made from four groups of four timber baulks, each group raking inwards towards the top of the trestle.
|
|
Iron-hard baulks of it, along with a few copper rivets, washers and sheathing, is all that remains of the ship.
|
|
The hole was soon dug and the anchor deposited therein, planks and baulks of timber being laid upon it as before.
|
|
The marks of teeth and claws on some of the baulks of the palisade showed us that the visitor had climbed over.
|
|
It was a fine apartment in which we found ourselves, large, lofty, and heavily raftered with huge baulks of age-blackened oak.
|
|
The sides of these trenches had the advantage of preserving the stratigraphy, but the baulks inevitably obscured parts of many of the features.
|
|
Griff bravely tries a stick that doubles as a toothbrush, but baulks at the idea of some brown paste used to treat worms.
|
|
A tackle hooked to one of the baulks of timber forming the staith was being hauled at by five women and two men!
|
|
A 1910 photo taken atop the viaduct shows dirt between the cross ties and tracks, so this material may have been used before traditional gravel ballast. Baulks were used to support strap rails or bridge rail. These early rails would have been replaced with flanged T-rails by 1840. These photosCanton Historical Society: Canton Junction show baulks at Canton Junction in 1871.
|
|
Before leaving the hut they jammed the window up with baulks of timber, to the best of their ability, in the storm and darkness.
|
|
Before leaving the hut we jammed the window up with baulks of timber, to the best of our ability, in the storm and darkness.
|
|
The new hall is concrete and stone and huge baulks of timber, throwing itself out to the world's best view through great sliding glass doors.
|
|
On one side, where it threatened to fall over into the garden, it was shored up with baulks of timber, driftwood picked up on the strand.
|
|
The upper outer edges of the baulks were beveled at 45 degrees, and the rails fixed to the bevel surfaces so as to be angled out at the same inclination. The rails, baulks and track beam were fastened together with single bolts passing clear through. The gauge of the load-bearing rails was 22.5 inches (57 cm) between the outer edges. The support girders were not stayed, either.
|
|
Baulk road track For the permanent way Brunel decided to use a light bridge rail continuously supported on thick timber baulks, known as "baulk road". Thinner timber transoms were used to keep the baulks the correct distance apart. This produced a smoother track and the whole assembly proved cheaper than using conventional sleepers for broad-gauge track, although this advantage was lost with standard- or mixed-gauge lines because of the higher ratio of timber to length of line. More conventional track forms were later used, although baulk road could still be seen in sidings in the first half of the twentieth century.
|
|
Around 1990, eleven VFKX 75 ft flat wagons were fitted with baulks and reallocated to slab steel traffic. VKKX 4, 10, 16, 27, 36, 40, 42, 62, 66, 69 and 72 were renumbered VKKX 1 through 11. The wagons retained their numbers.
|
|
The town is located deep in the Petrovický Stream valley where steep mountain ridges with forests and meadows rise up densely riddled with baulks. The natural environment of Janov includes a 500-year-old lime tree situated on the right side of Petrovický stream.
|
|
The Port of London Deal Porters' Union was a trade union in the United Kingdom. It merged with the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1939. The union represented deal porters, who handled baulks of imported softwood at the Port of London, principally around the Surrey Commercial Docks at Rotherhithe.
|
|
Trevithick had the track taken up and timber baulks laid under it to provide a more stable footing. By 28 July, almost all the track had been relaid and the train ran again soon afterwards. Within two months of its original opening, the locomotive again derailed. By then, fewer people were paying the shilling fare.
|
|
'Bobol D' at the Dean Forest Railway North Tyneside Railway A bogie bolster has both bogies and bolsters. Bogies are four-wheeled, articulated carriages beneath the main load bed. They allow a long wagon to carry long loads, but still have individually short wheelbases, and so go round tight corners. Bolsters are baulks of timber fixed across the bed.
|
|
This activity was responsible for flattening the original dome shape of the raised bog and created the ditches and baulks which characterise much of the surface today. The company ceased operation in the 1960s. In 2009, under East Dunbartonshire Council, Lenzie Moss was established as a Local Nature Reserve. Today, these brick foundations are all that remain of the commercial peat processing plant.
|
|
The piles were arranged in groups of three, across the width of the viaduct. Above them, a timber deck was laid to carry a double track; the deck rested on timber baulks. On 17 September 1852, the first train crossed the viaduct; regular services commenced on 11 October 1852. The delay in its opening has been attributed to a shortage of Barlow rails for the permanent way.
|
|
The Songshi or History of the Song Dynasty, volume 307, biography 66, records how Qiao Weiyue, a high-ranking tax administrator, was frustrated at the frequent losses incurred when his grain barges were wrecked on the West River near Huai'an in Jiangsu. The soldiers at one double slipway, he discovered, had plotted with bandits to wreck heavy imperial barges so that they could steal the spilled grain. In 984 Qiao installed a pair of sluice- gates two hundred and fifty feet apart, the entire structure roofed over like a building. By siting two staunch gates so close by one another, Qiao had created a short stretch of canal, effectively a pound-lock, filled from the canal above by raising individual wooden baulks in the top gate and emptied into the canal below by lowering baulks in the top gate and raising ones in the lower.
|
|
It was packed so firmly, in fact, that the track was forced upwards between the piles and thus gave an undulating ride, just the thing that Brunel had tried to address by using continuous bearings and firm packing; cutting the piles away from the transoms solved the problem. The bridge rail for this line weighed but this was soon increased, generally to . The longitudinal baulks were around . wide and .
|
|
He loses wars, makes disastrous investments, has no luck when hunting, and has a rebellious daughter who baulks at an arranged marriage with Fritellini. Laurent's bad fortune continues: he tumbles into a barrel of wine. Rocco provides him with a change of clothes, in which Laurent finds Antonio's unread letter. Reading it he discovers the truth about Bettina's mystic power and decrees that she must accompany him to his court.
|
|
Tank-bed engine at Middleton Distillery A further development as a semi-portable engine was the tank-bed engine. This replaced the flat lower frame with a deep, cast-iron 'bath tub'. This improved the rigidity of the frame, such that the engines could be placed on the very weakest foundations. Many of these engines, in colonial use, were merely staked down to timber baulks, rather than being built onto masonry.
|
|
Where a flywheel was supplied, this was smaller than usual and would still require a pit digging in which to site it. During factory testing, the engine bed would have to be raised on timber baulks to provide this extra height. A typical large stationary engine of this time used a number of lancashire boilers, set in brickwork surrounds. These took a considerable time to build their masonry, let alone install the equipment.
|
|
The bed is thus not flat, but most loads such as girders, rails, timber lengths, signal posts etc. are stiff enough that they only need to be supported at intervals, not continuously across a flat planked bed. The space between baulks allows room for tie-down chains or lifting strops, making this bolster design easier to work with than a completely flat bed. Bolsters could be fixed in place, or be removable.
|
|
A trolley runs across this gantry and can move side to side across the line of the breakwater, whilst carrying a load. It ran on baulks of timber laid temporarily on either side of the construction. Such cranes could lift a load of 40 tons, large for the time, and could also move such a load sideways. Railway-mounted cranes were already in use for railway construction and the recovery of railway accidents.
|
|
The driver and his fireman stared in disbelief as their locomotive fell into it front first, the funnel and front part embedded, with only the tender remaining visible above the surface. The rails on which the engine had been standing were snapped off and went down with it, while the supporting baulks under the main lines were laid bare. The adjacent up passenger line was left hanging lopsidedly, its ballast having cascaded into the abyss.
|
|
Milepost 256.0, across the River Tiddy east of St Germans. () This timber viaduct was not included in Margary's classification system as it was not a fan viaduct. Instead it was a timber truss on 16 timber trestles, creating a viaduct high and long. Piles were driven into the mud and the trestles built on top from four groups of four timber baulks, each group raking inwards towards the top of the trestle.
|
|
The dam is managed by SEQ Water as part of a water security project in the South East Queensland region, known as the South East Queensland Water Grid. The outlet is on the right bank and is capable of abstracting water from any level of the reservoir by the use of baulks. The outlet includes an innovative and operationally complex bidirectional fish lift, which uses a single hopper to transport fish in both upstream and downstream directions.
|
|
The embankment was encircled by a tell-tale pattern of dips and hollows indicating a history of subsidence. Shaky ground had already caused concerns, requiring trains to be ‘slowed’ before crossing a nearby bridge. Extra ballasting had been necessary and the two main lines, as well as having normal crossways sleepers also rested on longitudinal baulks of timber. A field below the embankment had a hollow nearly ten feet deep, and a nearby farmhouse had been abandoned because of subsidence.
|
|
It is memorable for coming after the Dee bridge disaster of 1847, when another cast iron bridge had failed. Cast iron should not have been used in this safety- critical application, and the design seems very strange, using cast iron where timber baulks would have sufficed. The bridge had been built in 1844, well before the Dee accident, and patched with the angle iron in 1853. The discovery of the cracked girder should have alerted engineers to the problem, and all should have been replaced entirely.
|
|
Violet Hunter visits Holmes, asking whether she should accept a job as governess--a job with very strange conditions. She is enticed by the phenomenal salary which, as originally offered, is £100 a year, later increased to £120 when Miss Hunter baulks at having to cut her long copper-coloured hair short (her previous position paid £48 a year). This is only one of many peculiar provisos to which she must agree. The employer, Jephro Rucastle, seems pleasant enough, yet Miss Hunter obviously has her suspicions.
|
|
These pillars were to be free-standing, not stayed. The permanent way on which the trains were to run consisted, firstly of a line of single iron structural support girders on the tops of the pillars. On top of these was a line of narrower single girders or track beams (so-called) to which the load- bearing rails were to be fixed. A pair of U-shaped girders, facing upwards, was bolted to the sides of each track beam, and filled with longitudinal baulks of timber.
|
|
In one episode, Edina lines out a new career path for Bunton, which turns out to be nothing more than a list of Bunton's professional activities from the previous year. Bunton makes some TV commercials under Edina's direction but baulks when Edina enters her for the Eurovision Song Contest. Bunton is still under Edina's PR umbrella in the 2005 Comic Relief Sketch and the 2012 special Job. In the 2016 film, Lulu, Emma and Queen Noor are said to be Edina's only remaining clients, along with a "boutique vodka".
|
|
Orient was driven by a stern-wheel which was turned by two horizontally mounted single-cylinder steam engines, each with a bore of and stroke of . The engines had come from the upper Columbia river steamer Spray, which had been built in 1862. The boilers were wood-fired, and it was necessary for the steamer to stop at wood depots along its route to “wood up”. Wooding up could be dangerous, as the wood was split into large baulks and generally had to be carried up a narrow gangplank on to the steamer.
|
|
Two new main floor beams for the dust floor were made from baulks of pitch pine which had previously been in a maltings at Bury St Edmunds. On 3 August 1980, the windshaft and remaining sail fragments were removed by a mobile crane, followed by the cap frame and the cast-iron curb sections. New oak joists were laid on the dust floor and temporary boarding laid to provide a working platform for repairs to the top of the mill tower. The bin floor was removed, apart from one oak main beam which was repairable.
|
|
Fourteen men were killed, but one survived by clinging on the dock wall until he was rescued. The engine- driver and a boy acting as a signaller were swept into the water but were rescued; the boy being trapped between baulks of timber later had his leg amputated. The disaster widowed seven women and left 13 children fatherless. It took a month for divers to recover all the bodies, and the victims were buried in three mass graves in Flaybrick Hill Cemetery, Birkenhead, now known as Flaybrick Memorial Gardens.
|
|
The hovering, low pitched, stepped roof planes of the campus buildings are swept low over the colonnades supported at their perimeter by robust posts of raw adzed Brushbox baulks, supported on sandstone plinths and girt by punched steel collar straps that add to the textual effect. Rubble drains, used in lieu of gutters, add texture to the ground plane. Copper gutters are only included where necessary over entrances and the like. A modular grid of 2,700mm (nine feet, zero inches) applied throughout orders the placement of structure and space.
|
|
The wagons were also fitted with provision for baulks and stanchions, if required in general use. The loading diagram indicates that when used for loading mounted on baulks, weight permitted was 27.5 tons over each bogie, decreasing to 10 tons in the centre and less on the ends. Wagons weighed a little under 20 tons each, had a maximum capacity of 55 tons, and cost around $37,670 each to build. By the end of March 1969 four wagons had entered service, with more than a few wagons entering service per month until FQX 625 in July 1970. Construction picked up again in July–August 1971 with a further 50 wagons and 150 more from the end of 1972 through October 1973, up to FQX825. Another 100 were delivered in the second half of 1975, and the final batch of FQX 926 to 935 were built at the end of 1977. In the late 1970s about 100 FQX wagons were recoded to FQF, exclusively for use on the broad gauge system, to ensure that enough vehicles were available for intrastate traffic. Nominally, these were to be 501–600, but in practice some of that range stayed as FQX while others, such as 637, were converted instead.
|
|
Several of the docks were named after the origins of their customers' cargos, hence Canada Dock, Quebec Pond, Norway Dock and Russia Dock. The Grand Surrey Canal was opened in 1807 to link the docks with inland destinations, but proved a commercial failure and only 3½ miles of it were ever built. The docks evolved a distinctive working culture, quite different from that of the Isle of Dogs across the river. A characteristic sight of the docks were the "deal porters", dockers who specialised in carrying huge baulks of deal (timber) across their shoulders and wore special headgear to protect their heads from the rough wood.
|
|
The greatest success of Italian MAS was the sinking of the Austro-Hungarian battleship off Pula on 10 June 1918 by a boat commanded by Luigi Rizzo. MAS boats later engaged in the Second Battle of Durazzo in October 1918. The main Austrian fleet remained securely at anchor in the harbour at Pola (now Pula in Croatia), protected by several layers of defensive booms, impassable to conventional MAS boats. A special version, the Grillo-class tracked torpedo motorboat or (Jumping Boats) were designed, which featured a pair of spiked continuous tracks, intended to allow them to clamber over the booms which were supported by large timber baulks.
|
|
Prior to the accident, the platform had recently been washed and the soapy water had ended up on the tracks causing a complete loss of friction. Additionally, it was found that the end-of-line baulks (two wooden sleepers placed across the rails in lieu of a buffer stop) were also defective; the train wheels simply pushed them along the rails. On the morning of 11 November 2015, an individual later identified as a then Metro employee gained access to the cabin of an X'Trapolis 100 6-car set stored at the depot of Hurstbridge station and drove it into a derail block, causing it to be derailed.
|
|
Two days later the battery joined 31st HAG and moved to a new position behind the Carnoy Valley, the scene of recent heavy fighting in the opening stages of the Battle of the Somme. After completing its gun positions and firing calibration shots, it began a slow bombardment of enemy trenches at a range of 4600 metres from 12 to 15 July. Then it bombarded the villages of Ginchy and Guillemont but found that the mortar platforms on baulks of timber were already beginning to break up under the constant firing. This work continued through July, broken by an intense bombardment of enemy gun batteries in Maricourt on 22 July.
|
|
In the previous convoy, the tanker Kentucky had been sunk with only a few hours' repair work needed on a steam pipe, which had been broken by the force of such explosions. The Ministry was determined that this should not happen again, and so Ohios engines were mounted on rubber bearings, to reduce shock, and all steam pipes were supported with steel springs and baulks of timber. While the merchant ships were gathering in the Clyde Estuary, the naval forces had already reached Scapa Flow. Admiral Syfret joined there on 27 July and held a convoy conference on 2 August; the same day, all leave had been stopped.
|
|
Six ventilation fans were installed along the line to draw 18,500 cubic feet per minute through the tunnels and out through exhausts placed on the roof of the stations. Fresh air was drawn back down from the surface via the lift and staircase shafts, thus replenishing the air in the tunnels. To reduce the risk of fire, the station platforms were built of concrete and iron and the sleepers were made from the fireproof Australian wood Eucalyptus marginata or jarrah. The design of the permanent way was a departure from that of London's previous tube railways, which used track laid on timber baulks across the tunnel with the bottom of the tube left open.
|
|
Two of the Ju 88s were shot down by 134 Squadron, along with three probables and six damaged. Micky Rook, cousin of the 81 Squadron commander, joined a formation of 134 Squadron Hurricanes that turned out to be Bf 109s, shot one down and was chased home by the other five, evading them by flying past a destroyer off Murmansk at masthead height. The Germans built a new bridge over the Pechenga, a gargantuan enterprise; baulks of timber had to be hauled from a sawmill away, lighter planks were shipped from Kirkenes and thousands of round logs were diverted from the stores of the nickel mines in Petsamo. The new Prinz Eugen Bridge was completed in eleven days, two days early; a great feat of engineering.
|
|
He was "the prophet and founding hero of modern archaeology". The next major figure in the development of archaeology was Mortimer Wheeler, whose highly disciplined approach to excavation and systematic coverage in the 1920s and 1930s brought the science into the modern era. Wheeler developed the grid system of excavation, which was further improved on by his student Kathleen Kenyon. The two constant themes in their attempts to improve archaeological excavation were first, to maintain strict stratigraphic control while excavating (for this purpose, the baulks between trenches served to retain a record of the strata that had been dug through), and second, to publish a record of the excavation promptly and in a form that would tell the story of the site to the intelligent reader.
|
|
The two constant themes in their attempts to improve archaeological excavation were, first, to maintain strict stratigraphic control while excavating (for this purpose, the baulks between trenches served to retain a record of the strata that had been dug through), and, second, to publish the excavation promptly and in a form that would tell the story of the site to the intelligent reader. They also published their results quickly after the excavations concluded, and Mortimer proved adept at generating favourable publicity. She became a lecturer at the London Museum in 1928, and became the second woman to be elected as a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries the same year. During her time in London she was also a member of the Research Council of the Society of Antiquaries.
|
|
This was an inverted-U section with wide flanges that could be bolted to the timber bearer, which was known as a 'longitudinal' baulk. The rail was usually kept off this by small wooden packing pieces that could be replaced when they were worn out by the passage of the trains, and therefore avoid the expense of replacing the heavier longitudinals. The rails were bolted to the longitudinals by long fang bolts or coach screws, and the rail joints were later supported by a base plate formed with a plug in the void of the inverted U shape rails so as to keep the rails in line with each other. The longitudinal baulks, and therefore the rails, were kept to gauge by 'transoms' – transverse timber spacers – and iron tie-bars.
|
|
Sir Humphrey immediately baulks at the idea, then outlines the many disadvantages of this new role, which, it turns out, has been circulating around Whitehall for weeks. He explains that if a policy favours one sector, it will infuriate those that it sidelines: a ruling that favours the road services will upset the railways; if it supports the railways then the Road lobby will 'massacre [him]', and if it upsets British Airways' investment plans, 'they will call a devastating press conference that same afternoon'. He further points out that the seemingly-flattering title 'Transport Supremo' is rendered within the service as "Transport Muggins". Sir Humphrey proposes to illustrate this by arranging a meeting for the Minister with three under-secretaries, from the Roads, Rail, and Air Transport divisions.
|
|
Large quantities of limestone and coal were then imported to burn in the numerous limekilns on the river quays; the lime had to be made locally as it was not slaked before application and was too reactive for transport by water after burning. Later, street sweepings and other refuse from Plymouth and Devonport, together with bones for the newly discovered bone fertiliser, were carried inland to manure the fields. Other regular imports were timber from British Columbia and the Baltic, in large baulks for use as supports in the mines, and coal from Wales to supply the mine pumping engines.Barton (1964: 65; 76) The Horsebridge, built in 1437, is still used by motor traffic. Tavistock was one of the three stannary towns of Devon and large quantities of refined tin ore were exported through Morwellham from twelfth century until 1838, when the requirement to pay duty on the metal at one of the specified towns was relaxed. The opening of the Tavistock Canal, between Tavistock and Morwellham, in 1817 facilitated traffic.
|
|
A painting of Derby from Nottingham Road c.1850 by Henry Lark Pratt shows the Derby Canal in the foreground. In 1802 there was a partial failure, probably due to the sides bowing and transferring too much weight to the base where they joined to the deck. After remedial work it failed again in 1812 and was reinforced with timber baulks. Although plans were prepared for replacement in stone, it survived until 1930, when the bottom plates were replaced by a wooden base, which was sealed by puddling. In 1817 the link between the River Trent and the Trent and Mersey canal was closed due to its lack of financial success. Maintenance charges had exceeded revenue since 1812, as it was little used because the Trent and Mersey canal charged compensation tolls at extortionate rates for boats using the link. Twenty years later it was dry. In 1838 the canal was diverted away from the River Derwent at Borrowash to allow construction of the Midland Counties Railway line between Derby and Long Eaton.
|
|