For Kulak, it was his first NHL point in his 11th game.
|
|
D Brett Kulak also sat out as a healthy scratch for Calgary.
|
|
Brett Kulak collected the other goal for Montreal while Tomas Tatar recorded two assists.
|
|
The day before, Tkachuk's previous roommate, Brett Kulak, was sent back to the Flames' A.H.L. affiliate.
|
|
"The decision to use antidepressants as a form of therapy should be taken individually," Kulak-Bejda said.
|
|
Brett Kulak had a goal and an assist for his first multi-point game of the season.
|
|
The Flames also got a boost from AHL call-ups Hunter Shinkaruk Derek Grant, Emile Poirier and Brett Kulak.
|
|
Defensemen: Matt Bartkowski, Ryan Culkin, Deryk Engelland, Michael Kostka, Brett Kulak, Ladislav Smid, Michael Stone, Dennis Wideman, Tyler Wotherspoon.
|
|
"As the game went on, it just ended up being too little, too late," rookie defenseman Brett Kulak said.
|
|
Kulak scored his fourth goal at 17:32 of the middle period with a blast from the point after a Tatar feed.
|
|
Max Domi and Brett Kulak scored third-period goals for Montreal, which couldn't find enough success against Hart despite outshooting the Flyers 35-24.
|
|
Calgary recalled Hunter Shinkaruk from Stockton of the AHL to replace him and also recalled C Derek Grant, RW Emile Poirier and D Brett Kulak.
|
|
Antidepressants may work better for certain types of IBS, and the study findings also suggest that the type of medication may matter, Kulak-Bejda said by email.
|
|
Her father, Apollon, an artist, was the son of a church official, and her mother, Anna, was the daughter of a kulak, or well-to-do peasant.
|
|
Brett Kulak scored in his second consecutive contest, and fellow defenseman Jeff Petry also tallied for the Canadiens, who fell to 22-21-363 in their last six games.
|
|
For Penn Virginia: Jeremy Williams, Michael Condoles and Peter Barrett of Kulak Rock, and Edward Sassower, Joshua Sussberg, Brian Schartz, James Sprayregen, Justin Bernbrock and Benjamin Rhode of Kirkland & Ellis.
|
|
Folin's first goal in nearly two years occurred 2:13 after Nick Cousins scored the tying marker, converting a centering pass from Brett Kulak when he chipped the puck over Domingue's glove.
|
|
Killing off a Colorado power play, Phillip Danault, who had two assists, won a faceoff in the Avalanche end back to Kulak, whose shot from the point beat Varlamov at 8:21.
|
|
She is a daughter of Dr. Beth Berson Kolevzon of Riverdale, the Bronx, and Dr. William J. Kulak of New Rochelle, N.Y. The bride's father is an orthopedic surgeon in private practice in Manhattan.
|
|
These two "operations"—targeting anti-kulak/anti-Soviet persons and the "nationalities"—made up the bulk of the million and a half arrests and nearly seven hundred thousand executions carried out in 1937 and 1938.
|
|
Carey Price had 21 saves for his 216rd career shutout, Brett Kulak and Jesperi Kotkaniemi scored goals midway through the third period, and the host Montreal Canadiens beat the Colorado Avalanche 3-0 on Saturday night.
|
|
"Coffee turned into cocktails, and cocktails turned into dinner, and he had to leave because he had to go home to put his son to bed," said Ms. Kulak, who has two girls of her own.
|
|
The home crowd perked up when the 22-year-old Kovalchuk, wearing his familiar No. 215 given to him by new teammate Brett Kulak, hopped on the ice for his first shift in the first minute.
|
|
The Flames pulled even at 23:12 when Frolik tapped a loose puck in the crease past Lehner, who blocked a point shot by defenseman Brett Kulak before also turning aside a shot by center Mikael Backlund.
|
|
Along with many Russian families during Stalin's era, my family had been exiled to the steppe near Aktyubinsk because my father had been an officer of the czar's army and a kulak, a Soviet word for entrepreneur.
|
|
The situation began with a fight between Luke Witkowski and Brett Kulak, and it escalated when Calgary pest Matthew Tkachuk tapped Witkowski on the leg on his way to the locker room, causing the Red Wing to return to the ice.
|
|
EditorsNote: Fixes typo in last graf Carey Price had 21 saves for his 216rd career shutout, Brett Kulak and Jesperi Kotkaniemi scored goals midway through the third period, and the host Montreal Canadiens beat the Colorado Avalanche 3-0 on Saturday night.
|
|
Still, a psychological evaluation may make sense for IBS patients because it's possible their symptoms might be a byproduct of untreated depression, said Dr. Agnieszka Kulak-Bejda, a psychiatry researcher at the Medical University of Białystok in Poland who wasn't involved in the study.
|
|
After Kulak beat a screened Bobrovsky to open the scoring 1:15 into the first period, Montreal preserved the slim advantage as defenseman Shea Weber alertly cleared the puck out of harm's way after Bjorkstrand's wraparound attempt resulted in the puck dancing along the goal line.
|
|
Fedora was the codename for Aleksey Isidorovich Kulak (1923–1983), a KGB-agent who infiltrated the United Nations during the Cold War. While working in New York, Kulak contacted the FBI and offered his services. Kulak told his American handlers there was a KGB mole working at the FBI, leading to a decades-long mole hunt that seriously disrupted the agency. It's not clear whether Kulak was acting as a double agent supplying false information or whether his information was legitimate.
|
|
Kulak is a village in the District of Şuhut, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey.
|
|
Rapid collectivization began in 1946, followed in 1947 by a crackdown against kulak farmers. The kulak repression started as oppressive taxation, but eventually led to mass deportations. Those who resisted collectivization were killed or deported. More than 95% of farms were collectivized by 1951.
|
|
The restructuring was supposed to take place in the "fire of the class struggle". Minc saw the kulak as a "village capitalist", who "exploits other peasants". Given this imprecise definition, Party officials decided that a Polish kulak was a farmer whose farm was larger than 15 hectares (in Southern and Eastern Poland - 8 to 10 hectares). Furthermore, those farmers who had at least two horses were identified as kulaks, so any Polish peasant who ran his farm properly could have been accused of being a kulak.
|
|
Despite Kulak's attempts to signal for a meeting a second time, contact was never made and his offer of more material was never taken up. A book by author Edward Jay Epstein published in 1978 described Fedora in enough detail to make it likely that the KGB was able to identify Kulak as the source. With his cover probably blown, the CIA offered to exfiltrate Kulak, devising an elaborate ruse to carry out what would have been a first-of-its-kind operation to pull a spy out of Moscow, but when Kulak was finally contacted, he politely thanked the CIA for its offer, but declined saying he was not concerned for his safety. Kulak died, apparently of natural causes, in Russia in 1983.
|
|
Due to the enormous amount of distrust and tumult within the ranks of the FBI inspired by Kulak's claims that a KGB mole was operating at the agency, questions have been raised about whether Kulak was an authentic source of information, or whether he was under the control of the KGB, deliberately feeding false information to the FBI. During his years of service, Kulak was considered a legitimate source by FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, but doubted by CIA's director of counter-intelligence James Angleton. When Kulak approached the FBI, he was overweight and a heavy drinker. Often during his interviews with FBI agents, Kulak drank from a bottle of scotch, and his frequent inebriation has been cited as evidence that he was a genuine volunteer for the FBI.
|
|
In March, 1962, Kulak walked into an FBI field office in New York City and offered his service to the FBI in exchange for cash. When asked whether he was worried about having been spotted walking into an FBI office, Kulak immediately offered a tantalizing clue that he knew of a mole in the FBI, telling agents that the KGB's agents were occupied meeting an FBI agent who was spying for the Soviet Union. Kulak referred to this unidentified FBI double-agent as "Dick". Kulak's information set off a decades-long mole hunt in the FBI.
|
|
He would be dealt again before the end of the season, this time to the New York Rangers. In what would prove to be his only full NHL season, Kulak registered 4 goals and 2 assists in 54 games between Vancouver, Edmonton, and New York. Kulak would have stints with the Quebec Nordiques and Winnipeg Jets over the next two seasons, but fail to stick full-time.
|
|
Pensacola departed Majuro on 25 April sailing via Pearl Harbor and Mare Island for duty in the Northern Pacific, arriving in Kulak Bay on 27 May. On 13 June, she joined her cruiser-destroyer task force in raining destruction on the airfields of Matsuwa, Kuriles. In the early morning of 26 June, she fired 300 8-inch projectiles to destroy shipping, airfields and installations at Kurabu Zaki, Paramushiru To, Kuriles, returning to Kulak Bay on 28 June. Pensacola continued patrol in Alaskan waters until departing Kulak Bay on 8 August for Hawaii. Pensacola arrived Pearl Harbor on 13 August and put to sea on the 29th.
|
|
Kulak is a sorcerer and supervillain in the DC Universe. The character, created by Jerry Siegel and Bernard Baily, first appeared in All Star Comics #2 (Fall 1940). Within the context of the stories, Kulak is the high priest of the dead planet Brztal who had been imprisoned on Earth in antiquity. When released by archeologists in 1940, he seeks to destroy Earth, but is defeated by the Spectre.
|
|
Besides providing information about a potential mole, Kulak gave the FBI details on Soviet agents, which led to the FBI making a number of arrests and imprisonments, adding to the sense that he was a genuine volunteer. Additionally, Kulak told the FBI that the KGB's mole in the agency had given the Soviets codes the Americans used in their counter-intelligence work, which would have been a major coup and a closely guarded secret for the Soviets, and which appears to have been true. One argument made for Kulak possibly being a KGB double-agent falsely feeding information to the FBI is that when he returned to Moscow, he suffered no consequences, unlike Dmitri Polyakov who was executed when his work with the FBI was discovered by the KGB. In 1995, former KGB general Oleg Kalugin said in an interview that not only was Kulak an authentic source, but the KGB did indeed have a mole operating in the FBI at the height of the Cold War.
|
|
Stalin emphasized in 1929 a campaign demonizing kulaks as a plague on society. Kulak property was taken and they were deported by cattle train to areas of frozen tundra.
|
|
Prior to the 2018–19 season, on October 1, 2018, Valiev was traded by the Canadiens alongside teammate Matt Taormina to the Calgary Flames in exchange for Brett Kulak.
|
|
The main advantage of the kulak is bread embarrassments." Red Army peasants sent letters supporting anti-kulak ideology: "The kulaks are the furious enemies of socialism. We must destroy them, don't take them to the kolkhoz, you must take away their property, their inventory." The letter of the Red Army soldier of the 28th Artillery Regiment became widely known: "The last bread is taken away, the Red Army family is not considered.
|
|
Lesnikovich, A. I.; Ivashkevich, O. A.; Levchik, S. V.; Balabanovich, A. I.; Gaponik, P. N.; Kulak, A. A. "Thermal decomposition of aminotetrazoles" Thermochimica Acta 2002, vol. 388, pp. 233-251.
|
|
Smaller organizations also existed including the Independent Music Association (IMA), founded by Don Kulak in the late 1980s. At its zenith, it had 1,000 independent labels on its member rosters.
|
|
Kulak was a Soviet war hero, who prior to his work with the Americans was awarded Hero of the USSR, with a PhD in chemistry. He was sent by the KGB to New York City in the early 1960s, with a cover of being assigned as a consultant to the United Nations on the effects of radiation. Kulak was also a close associate and special assistant of the Secretary General of the United Nations, U Thant.
|
|
Kulak (, also Romanized as Kūlak) is a village in Irafshan Rural District, Ashar District, Mehrestan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 238, in 38 families.
|
|
Kalugin said that many in the KGB suspected Kulak of working for the Americans, but his status as a war hero, and recipient of the Hero of the USSR award, protected him.
|
|
Ab Kulak (, also Romanized as Āb Kūlak) is a village in Kushk Rural District, Abezhdan District, Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 8 families.
|
|
The Stalinist economic policy vacillated between appeasing the capitalist interests of the kulak in the countryside and destroying them as a social class. Initially, the Stalinists also rejected the national industrialisation of Russia, but then pursued it in full, sometimes brutally. In both cases, the Left Opposition denounced the regressive nature of Stalin's policy towards the wealthy kulak social class, and the brutality of forced industrialisation. Trotsky described Stailinist vacillation as a symptom of the undemocratic nature of a ruling bureaucracy.
|
|
The most notable victories in his first 8 fights came against German prospect Florian Muller, who he defeated by TKO in the second round on 13 March 2008. Later that year, after another TKO victory against Matteo Minonzio, he replaced his former opponent Florian Muller on less than 24 hours notice against Krzysztof Kulak, who at the time was a top prospect in Poland, on 13 September 2008, at KSW Extra. He won the fight knocking Kulak down several times, earning the unanimous decision victory.
|
|
The Five Year Plans also saw a cultural change in the decline of the Kulak population within the Soviet Union. Members of Agitprop brigands attempted to use the push towards industrialization to isolate peasants from religion and away from the formerly influential Kulak population with performances in which they would deem that issues faced by peasant populations were the faults of the Kulaks. From 1929 through 1931, 3.5 million Kulaks were dispossessed by the Soviet Union and left with no choice but relocation to cities.
|
|
The peasant rebellion of Sorokino, officially called the Kulak Rebellion of Sorokino by the Soviet Russian authorities, was a popular uprising against the Soviet policy of war communism in Altai Krai and Kuzbass in central Russia.
|
|
Kulak-e Bordabal (, also Romanized as Kūlaḵ-e Bordabal) is a village in Mazu Rural District, Alvar-e Garmsiri District, Andimeshk County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 7 families.
|
|
With the advent of the Great Depression, collectivization of farming, anti- kulak campaign and purges of the 1930s, the family were forcibly separated and their movable goods redistributed. Pankratia, as "the son of a kulak", was able to keep the ancestral land to feed his family, but had to move to various villages around Tobolsk, while Ekaterina cared for the younger children in Kharmpavyl. The family would not be reunited until 1943, when Ekaterina died. In 1933, Vakhrusheva and Andrei moved to Ostyako-Vogulsk, so that she could study at the newly established normal school.
|
|
On July 8, 1969, Hindus died in New York City at the age of 78, after spending the previous weekend in his beloved North Brookfield. Kulak? A very negative word used by Soviet Communists to identify a successful farmer.
|
|
Deh-e Kulak (, also Romanized as Deh-e Kūlak; also known as Deh Kalak) is a village in Rameshk Rural District, Chah Dadkhoda District, Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 253, in 60 families.
|
|
Later those restriction expanded to those "working elements" who labeled themselves by clearly kulak actions or active protests against the Soviet regime, former Petlurites (pro-Ukrainian patriots), "bandits of any kind", moonshiners, deserters, and other enemies of the Soviet regime.
|
|
From left to right: the Castle School, the Soda Lake Church, and the Ludwig Kulak homestead The Shell Theatre inside the Dow Centennial Centre The 11-hectare Fort Heritage Precinct contains the Fort Saskatchewan Historical Society (c. 1958), and a variety of historically significant buildings that form a historical village. The precinct features a red brick courthouse which was constructed in 1909, and is on the Canadian Register of Historic Places. The historical village also contains the Soda Lake Church, the Castle School, and the Ludwig Kulak homestead - all three structures were relocated to the site from their respective locations around the region.
|
|
Although the aircraft was said to have crashed due to fog, one eyewitness, a relative of one of the deceased, said that he watched a missile strike the right hand side of the fuselage while standing just 300–400 meters (1000–1300 ft) from where the aircraft went down. The man also said that multiple other eyewitnesses also saw the aircraft get shot down. İsmail Kulak, a partner in the ownership of the Kulak Construction Company, was among the dead.Cargo plane carrying Turkish workers crashes in Baghdad The plane carrying workers crashed 200 meters to runway – SABAH Newspaper (English version).
|
|
It has never been conclusively determined whether or not there was a mole working in the FBI. It has also never been conclusively proven that Kulak's approach to the FBI was not a KGB feint to throw the FBI's counter- intelligence operation into disarray – which his revelation did in fact do, as the agency spent significant resources investigating its own agents. In 1963, Kulak switched his KGB cover to science attaché at the Soviet Embassy, and continued working there until 1967, when he returned to Moscow. In 1971, Kulak returned to New York for a second tour of duty which lasted until 1976.
|
|
The "Kulak Operation" and the targeting of national minorities were the main components of the Great Terror. Together these two actions accounted for nine-tenths of the death sentences and three-fourths of Gulag prison camp sentences. Of the operations against national minorities, the Polish Operation of the NKVD was the largest one, second only to the "Kulak Operation" in terms of the number of victims. According to historian Timothy Snyder, ethnic Poles constituted the largest group of victims in the Great Terror, comprising less than 0.5% of the country's population but comprising 12.5% of those executed.
|
|
Kulak (, also Romanized as Kūlak; also known as Kūlag, Kūleq, and Kūnag) is a village in Sardasht Rural District, in the Central District of Bashagard County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported.
|
|
Sontheimer in Knowlton, (1993) p. 184 The German political scientist Richard Löwenthal noted that news of the Soviet kulak expulsions and the Holodomor did not reach Germany until 1941, so that Soviet atrocities could not possibly have influenced the Germans as Nolte claimed.
|
|
Released by the Jets in 1990, he would spend most of the 1990s in low-end minor pro before finally retiring in 2000. Kulak appeared in 90 NHL games, registering 8 goals and 4 assists for 12 points, along with 130 penalty minutes.
|
|
Earth (, translit. Zemlya) is a 1930 Soviet film by Ukrainian director Alexander Dovzhenko, concerning the process of collectivization and the hostility of Kulak landowners. It is Part 3 of Dovzhenko's "Ukraine Trilogy" (along with Zvenigora and Arsenal). Earth is regarded as Dovzhenko's masterpiece.
|
|
Georgi Dimitrov () (2 May 1904 - 12 March 1979) was a Bulgarian composer. He was notable for composing the music for the national anthem of Bulgaria from 1947 until 1951, Republiko nasha, zdravey!. Other notable compositions including Foot and Cross, Kulak, and The Chervenkov Way.
|
|
A peasant revolt erupted in the Kuchkino Volost of Penza Uyezd on 5 August 1918, in opposition to requisitioning, and soon spread to neighbouring regions. While Penza Soviet chairman Kurayev opposed the use of military force and argued that propaganda efforts would be sufficient, Bosch insisted on using the military and mass executions. By 8 August 1918, Soviet forces had crushed the revolt, but the situation in the gubernia remained tense, and a revolt led by members of Socialist Revolutionary Party erupted in the town of Chembar on 18 August. Lenin sent several telegrams to Penza demanding harsher measures in fighting these kulak, kulak-supporting peasants and Left SR insurrectionists.
|
|
The analysis stipulated that the outcome of the Civil War would largely depended on which way the middle peasantry would swing, which group would win its allegiance. The new policy towards the middle peasant proclaimed by Lenin at the Eighth Congress required that the proletariat should rely on the poor peasant, maintain a stable alliance with the middle peasant and fight against the 'kulak' (rich peasant). The policy of the party before the Eighth Congress was in general one of neutralizing the middle peasant. This meant that the Party strove to prevent the middle peasant from siding with the kulak and with the bourgeoisie in general.
|
|
The Bishop's paternal grandfather was Joseph Werth, who was born in 1871 at Schoenchen , Russian Empire and deported as a kulak to Kazakhstan in 1929 (with his wife and children). He died in 1951. The Bishop's paternal grandmother was Paulina Demund (b. 1881, Schoenchen - d. 1933).
|
|
The population of Kulak was 918 Statistical Institute as of 2011. Situated in the fertile plains, farming is the major economic activity. Cotton and green house vegetables are the main crops. But the frequent floods of Berdan River have reduced the agricultural income of the villagers.
|
|
The Katholieke Universiteit Leuven associatie Kortrijk (Catholic University of Leuven Campus Kortrijk), or short Kulak is a university satellite campus of the KU Leuven in the city of Kortrijk (Courtrai) in the Belgian province of West-Flanders and therefore also is officially a Dutch-speaking institution.
|
|
During the Holodomor famine of 1933, kulak Vasiliy Horbatiuk was the leader of the Shkarbynka kolkhoz. In order to prevent his village from starving, Horbatiuk allowed the people to glean the fields. He was promptly arrested for this act, and he died at the age of 28 in prison.
|
|
Kulak is a village in the Tarsus district of Mersin Province, Turkey. At in Çukurova (Cilicia of the antiquity) and to the south of Tarsus. It is situated to the north of Mediterranean Sea coast and west of Berdan River. Its distance to Tarsus is and to Mersin is .
|
|
It was through this experience that she gained knowledge of the KGB and the GRU. During this time. Grimes worked or assisted in cases which included Aleksey Isidorovich Kulak and Leonid Georgiyevich Poleshchuk. In the late 1970s, through an organizational change in the CI group, she met Jeanne Vertefeuille.
|
|
Podkulachnik is considered by many to be a Stalinist neologism from the late 1920s."Kotsonis informs us that the term podkulachnik or 'kulak stooge' – thought by many to be a Stalinist neologism from the late 1920s – was already used before the war." Lars T. Lih. Experts and Peasants.
|
|
A number of those had already joined kolkhozes and were labelled "kulak sympathizers". MGB further compiled primary and auxiliary lists of 4007 and 998 families. The lists were approved by the Council of Ministers of the Lithuanian SSR. The lists included not only Lithuanians, but also members of the Polish minority in Lithuania.
|
|
Kulak was born in Edmonton, Alberta. He was selected in the third round, 115th overall, by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1981 NHL Entry Draft from the Victoria Cougars of the WHL. He would make his debut for the team at the age of just 19 in the 1982–83 season, appearing in 4 games and registering a goal and an assist. Considered one of the team's top prospects at this point, his career would go awry the following year when he suffered a serious abdominal injury which required surgery and forced him to miss almost two seasons. In 1986–87, Kulak would crack the Canucks' roster out of training camp, appearing in 21 games before being waived and claimed by the Edmonton Oilers.
|
|
By late 1929 Stalin began a program known as dekulakization. Stalin demanded that the kulak class be completely wiped out, resulting in the imprisonment and execution of Soviet peasants. In a mere four months, 60,000 people being sent to the camps and another 154,000 exiled. This was only the beginning of the dekulakisation process, however.
|
|
She founded "Bana Göz Kulak Ol" with Özge Özder. Her father and aunt are ballet dancers. She can play wing-chun, archery, diving, climbing, tennis, horse riding, ski. Tandoğan is best known for starring as one of the main characters, Lamia, in the Turkish television series, Dudaktan Kalbe ("From the Lips to the Heart" ).
|
|
The journal is indexed in the European Reference Index for the Humanities. It is included in the list of academic journals of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education from 2014 with 10 points. From 1975 the editor-in-chief was Adam Galos. Since February 2010 the editor-in-chief was Teresa Kulak.
|
|
The series brought Al and the JSA into conflict with the Ultra-Humanite, Pol St. Germain, and Kulak the Sorcerer. The Justice Society had been on active duty only briefly when 1994's Zero Hour miniseries depicted Al Pratt's murder by the temporal villain Extant, who increased his temporal rate, aging him to death.
|
|
The first stone houses started to appear after 1801, and by 1809 Penza's population had grown to more than 13,000 people. In 1918, Vladimir Lenin sent a telegram to communists in the Penza area, complaining about the "insurrection of five kulak districts". He urged the public hanging of 100 "landlords, richmen, bloodsuckers", grain seizure, and hostage taking.
|
|
The insurrection of five kulak districts should be pitilessly > suppressed. The interests of the whole revolution require this because 'the > last decisive battle' with the kulaks is now under way everywhere. An > example must be demonstrated. #Hang (absolutely hang, in full view of the > people) no fewer than one hundred known kulaks, filthy rich men, > bloodsuckers.
|
|
Isidor Sârbu was born in the village of Corjova (Dubăsari District) of the Russian Empire. In the early 1930s, he had of arable land and of orchard. During the collectivization, he was considered a kulak. On March 14, 1933, Sârbu was arrested and brought to Tiraspol prison, where he spent three months and had his property and house confiscated.
|
|
The LCC was a complex and eclectic movement. The left-wing journalist Petre Pandrea, who attended LCC meetings, saw the party as a "provisional alliance" of "the kulak and the hired hand".Pandrea, p. 115 Its sympathizers included Nicolae L. Lupu, leader of the Peasants' Party–Lupu (PȚ–L) and a left-wing critic of National Peasantist economic policies.
|
|
Buffy and Cordelia escape back to the library, but Kulak is killed. Upon arriving at the library, Buffy and Cordelia find Giles has been knocked unconscious by Lyle and Candy. Buffy manages to stake Candy, but is knocked out in the process. Cordelia then scares off Lyle by persuading him that she is a bigger threat than Buffy.
|
|
In 1924, veteran Bolshevik Petrov, a resident of Tsaritsyn, begins carrying a letter to Vladimir Lenin, to inform him about Kulak brigands roaming the land and spreading death and misery. The Kulaks murder him. His widow, Varvara, continues his quest, joining a group that travels to Moscow. When they arrive, they discover that Lenin is dead.
|
|
The Fantastic Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor is an American animated television series based on the Arabian Nights story of Sinbad the Sailor and produced by Fred Wolf Films that aired beginning February 2, 1998 on Cartoon Network. The series featured Sinbad as a teenager, with an exotic cat cub (Kulak) and a young boy (Hakeem) as constant companions.
|
|
The merry village accordionist Timofey Dudin, or as known by his nickname Timoshka, is elected secretary at one of the Komsomol units. This high office, in his opinion, is not compatible with playing on the accordion. The unusual prolonged silence leads quickly to a discord between the true Komsomol and the kulak supporters which causes Timoshka to pick up his accordion again ...
|
|
The first academic year started at the KULAK in 1965. Initially, the courses took place in het 'Vormingsinstituut' for SME's, located at the Hoog-Kortrijk area. The first student administration centre was situated in the King Albert Street, in the city centre of Kortrijk. Later, the 'Guesthouse', known as a meeting and lodgingplace for foreign researchers and guest professors, was opened.
|
|
Davies and Wheatcroft, p.490 On July 20, 1931 – as a response to the numerous regional requests for additional numbers of kulak deportations Politburo of VKP (b) concluded that the “strategic task of the Party was almost accomplished. All further deportations were recommended to be administered only to individuals.”Ivnitskyy "Tragedy of Soviet Village" This second forced "voluntary" collectivization campaign also invoked a delay in sowing.
|
|
In 1930, the government labeled Timofey Aleksandrovich a kulak, confiscated his property, and deported him to Siberia, along with most of the family. The eldest three siblings, daughters Agasha (b. 1905) and Anna and son Victor, were already married by 1930, and remained in Kuriya. After her husband's death in 1930, Aleksandra Frolovna married Efrem Kosach, a widower who had three children of his own.
|
|
Tvardovsky's father was accused of being a kulak during the period of collectivisation in the Soviet Union. In 1930, after Aleksandr had moved to Smolensk, his father ran away from the family home fearing arrest. In 1931, apart from Aleksandr, the whole family was deported from Zagorye. The family spent several years moving from place to place, splitting up and reuniting, looking for work and safety.
|
|
The aircraft, which took off from Adana, Turkey, at about 0400 UTC,Turkey: Iraq plane crash kills 30 – CNN. Retrieved 26 February 2007. was owned by the Moldovan company AerianTur-M, and on the day of the accident had been chartered to a Turkish construction company, Kulak, who had been contracted to build a new hangar at the air base.Delayed passport saves construction worker's life – Today's Zaman.
|
|
The campus Onze-Lieve-Vrouw of AZ Groeninge Before 2017 the hospital consisted of 4 hospital sites: Kennedylaan, Loofstraat, Burgemeester Vercruysselaan and Reepkaai. Since 2017 all acute operations were centralised in a single hospital site. This hospital site is one the largest in the country. The Kennedylaan site is located close to the campuses of the Catholic University of Leuven Campus Kortrijk (KULAK) and VIVES University College.
|
|
Adamanov was born in 1916 to a Crimean Tatar peasant family in the village of Vasilyevka, Crimea. His father was declared a kulak in 1929 and deported to the Urals, where he soon died of typhus. After the loss of his father his mother was left to raise Umer and his younger sister Khadija by herself. Umer went on to work at a state farm.
|
|
Stuart Alan Kulak (born March 10, 1963) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right wing who spent parts of four seasons in the National Hockey League between 1982 and 1989. Selected by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1981 NHL Entry Draft, he played for the Canucks, Edmonton Oilers, New York Rangers, Quebec Nordiques, and Winnipeg Jets, as well as several teams in the minor leagues.
|
|
227-243, see p. 230-231 Some of the peasants and "weak elements" were arrested and deported "to the north". Many arrested kulaks and "well-to-do" farmers resettled their families to the Urals and Central Asia.Wheatcroft and Davies The term kulak was ultimately applied to anybody resisting collectivization as many of the so-called kulaks were no more well-off than other peasants.
|
|
When Martha's father dies and the inheritance is distributed, she is only left with a cow and a tiny piece of land that is hard to manage. In order to earn at least a minimum income, she asks a rich kulak for some help. She only needs a horse to order her small field. But the hard-hearted man does not even listen to her.
|
|
Kortrijk serves as an educational centre in south West Flanders, attracting students from the entire region. There are 55 schools in Kortrijk, on 72 different locations throughout the city, with an estimated 21,000 students. The city also provides higher education. The KULAK, a campus of the Catholic University of Leuven, is located in on the south edge of the city, in the Hoog Kortrijk quarter.
|
|
After the United Opposition were illegalized in December 1927, the Kulaks and NEPmen were emboldened and exerted much greater economic pressure on the Soviet government in the months afterwards. In January 1928, Stalin personally travelled to Siberia where he oversaw the seizure of grain stockpiles from kulak farmers. Many in the Communist Party supported the seizures, but Bukharin and Premier Rykov were outraged.Simon Sebag Montefiore.
|
|
Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar, Knopf, 2004 (). Bukharin criticized Stalin's plans for rapid industrialization financed by kulak wealth, and advocated a return to Lenin's NEP. However, Bukharin was unable to rally sufficient support from the higher levels of the Communist Party to oppose Stalin. By the latter months of 1928, a critical shortfall in grain supplies prompted Stalin to push for collectivisation of agriculture.
|
|
Maurice Hindus was born into one of four Jewish families in Bolshoye Bykovo, a village then part of the Russian Empire, in modern-day Belarus. His father Jacob Hindus was a kulak; his mother was Sarah Gendeliovitch, and they had eleven children. When his father died, the family was impoverished. In 1905, Hindus, his mother, and his siblings came to America and settled in New York City.
|
|
The plateau was formed of Karst limestone from the Lower Cretaceous covered by loess material. Among the region's geological resources are kaolinite, fireclay and mica. The climate is temperate continental, with up to of precipitation yearly. Although the Ludogorie is poor in overground water resources, with only a few low rivers such as the Krapinets and the Kulak, it is rich in underground waters.
|
|
The regular season ended with a 5–1 defeat against the Winnipeg Jets. Three players made their NHL debuts in the contest: John Ramage, Brett Kulak and top draft pick Sam Bennett, who recorded his first NHL point just 33 seconds into the game by assisting on a goal from Micheal Ferland. The Flames finished the season in third place in the Pacific Division with a record of 45–30–7.
|
|
In its early years the security agency fought against the "kulak-nationalistic banditry" (peasants who resisted having their land confiscated and being forced into collective farms). On August 19, 1920 the All Ukrainian Cheka arrested all members of the All Ukrainian Conference of Mensheviks after accusing them in counterrevolution. On December 10, 1934 the State Political Directorate of Ukraine was dissolved, becoming part of the NKVD of Ukraine.
|
|
Although he had been considered a reliable source, by the end of his second tour, the FBI was beginning to suspect Kulak was secretly controlled by the KGB and was feeding false information to the Americans. Still, before he left New York City, he was recruited by Gus Hathaway, the CIA agent who handled Adolf Tolkachev, to continue his espionage work for the Americans upon his return to Moscow.
|
|
Common criminals such as thieves, "violators of the passport regime", etc. were also dealt with in a summary way. In Moscow, for example, nearly one third of the 20,765 persons executed on the Butovo firing range were charged with a non- political criminal offence. As soon as the Kulak Operation was launched (5 August 1937), regional party and NKVD bosses, eager to show their zeal, demanded an increase in the quotas.
|
|
In January 1930, the Politburo approved the liquidation of the kulak class; accused kulaks were rounded up and exiled to other parts of the country or to concentration camps. Large numbers died during the journey. By July 1930, over 320,000 households had been affected by the de-kulakisation policy. According to Stalin biographer Dmitri Volkogonov, de-kulakisation was "the first mass terror applied by Stalin in his own country".
|
|
Western Ukraine was occupied by Russian forces in 1939 and then annexed to the Soviet Union. One of Terlezki's uncles was classified as a kulak after paying some neighbours to help with the harvest. He was arrested and deported to Siberia, a fate also suffered by several of Terlezki's cousins, who were students suspected of Ukrainian nationalism. Oleksa Terletskyj had initially welcomed the Communists and become Antonivka's village chairman but he later resigned.
|
|
The members of the "Union" were characterized as "degenerate elements who have become the enemies of communism and of Soviet power, as traitors to the party and the working class, who have tried to form an underground bourgeois-kulak organization under a fake 'Marxist-Leninist' banner for the purpose of restoring capitalism in general and kulakdom in particular in the USSR". The OGPU referred the matter of Ryutin's fate to the ruling Politburo.
|
|
Following the occupation, he naturally lost his job at the ministry (which in effect ceased to exist). From January 1941 he once more worked as an architect, employed by the Soviet authorities. He was however arrested again on 14 June 1941 and sent to a prison in Solikamsk. Among the charges directed against him were accusations that he was "bourgeois" and a "kulak", as well as the claim that he was supporting monarchy.
|
|
The participants attack and after Buffy defeats Frawley, the girls seek shelter in a cabin. Buffy and Cordelia find a phone and attempt to alert Giles to their situation, but the phone is soon cut dead. They begin to bond when Cordelia admits that she loves Xander and Buffy reveals that she spent a year's allowance on her dress. Kulak arrives and fights with Buffy until the German assassins fire a grenade into the cabin.
|
|
The Gulidjan language was first identified in 1839, although much of the detail and vocabulary has been lost, there is sufficient to confirm that it constituted a separate language. About 100 words of the Gulidjan language have survived. Some analysis suggests it may be a mixed language or creole language having something in common with each of the neighboring languages. The word Colac/Kokak derives from the Gulidjan word kulak (sand) and the suffix -gnat.
|
|
The most of lakes in territory of Gabala region formed by glaciers and located usually in mountainous areas. Tufanghol (3 277 m height from the sea level), Kulak ghol (3 380 m height from the sea level which is also the highest lake in the region), Gotur ghol, Ismayil Bey Gutgachinli lake (3 305 m height from the sea level), and Nohur lake are the major lakes mostly fed with snow and glacier waters.
|
|
Bibič played a number of roles in many films that were well received in Slovenia: Don't Cry, Peter (1964), On Wings of Paper (1968), Kekec's Tricks (1968), Flowers in Autumn (1973), The Widowhood of Karolina Žašler (1976), Heritage (1986), Primož Trubar (1985), and My Dad, The Socialist Kulak (1987). Many of these were directed by Matjaž Klopčič. He also performed in television and radio drama. Altogether, he played over 150 theatre and over 30 film roles.
|
|
In any event, only two weeks after receiving the Politburo order, Khrushchev was able to report to Stalin that 41,305 "criminal and kulak elements" had been arrested. Of the arrestees, according to Khrushchev, 8,500 deserved execution. Khrushchev had no reason to think himself immune from the purges, and in 1937, confessed his own 1923 dalliance with Trotskyism to Kaganovich, who, according to Khrushchev, "blanched" (for his protégé's sins could affect his own standing) and advised him to tell Stalin.
|
|
In response to the widespread slaughter, the Sovnarkom issued decrees to prosecute "the malicious slaughtering of livestock" (). Stalin ordered severe measures to end kulak resistance. In 1930, he declared: :In order to oust the 'kulaks' as a class, the resistance of this class must be smashed in open battle and it must be deprived of the productive sources of its existence and development.… That is a turn towards the policy of eliminating the kulaks as a class.
|
|
From the founding of the university campus till now, the diversity of programmes offered has been steadily increasing. In 1965, the Kulak started with "Arts and Philosophy" ('Letteren en Wijsbegeerte') (including Law). Six years later, in 1971, the "Medical faculty" and the "Science Faculty" (including Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry) were founded. From 1984 onwards, students could enroll in the "Informatics" (ITC) programme, from 1985 in the "Pharmacy" courses and from 1986 in the "Biology" and "Bio- Engineering" courses.
|
|
Following the Soviet Occupation of Hungary and the Communist takeover, he was labelled as "kulak" and the half of his farm lands was confiscated, while Nagy was sent to compulsory military service to Kunmadaras in 1951. During his absence, his family was evicted and deported to Kunmadaras. Nagy worked for the Hungarian State Railways there from 1952 to 1956. He returned to Kisharsány in 1956, where continued to farming on his remaining estate of 22 acres.
|
|
Lidiya Vitalyevna Yurkova (Cyrillic: Лидия Витальевна Юркова; née Okolo-Kulak, born 15 January 1967 in Mogilev) is a retired Belarusian athlete who specialised in the sprint hurdles. She competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics as well as two indoor and one outdoor World Championships. In addition she won the bronze medal at the 1990 European Championships. Her personal bests are 12.66 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (Kiev 1990) and 7.86 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Chelyabinsk 1990).
|
|
She then returned to the Aleutians and fueled ships at anchor in Kulak Bay from 4 to 16 August. Between 30 August and 12 October, she made one voyage transporting oil from San Pedro to tanks ashore at Tutuila, Samoa, and at Espiritu Santo. Saranac then began replenishment operations in support of the U.S. Navy's advance in the central Pacific. She left Pearl Harbor on 25 November and fueled fleet units at Espiritu Santo from 13 to 21 December.
|
|
Lewis H. Siegelbaum, Professor of History at Michigan State University, states that Ukraine was hit particularly hard by grain quotas which were set at levels which most farms could not produce. The 1933 harvest was poor, coupled with the extremely high quota level, which led to starvation conditions. The shortages were blamed on kulak sabotage, and authorities distributed what supplies were available only in the urban areas. The loss of life in the Ukrainian countryside is estimated at approximately 5 million people.
|
|
The Russian Bolsheviks planned to eliminate the amnestied otamans from the very beginning, but did not dare to do so until November, when they set out to eliminate not only the otamans but also the entire insurgent, "suspicious" and "sympathetic" element in the Kholodny Yar area. Very soon, repression against the population became the main means of combating the insurgency. Families of insurgents and "kurkul" ("kulak") elements who helped the insurgents were evicted. Property, inventory and food supplies were confiscated from them.
|
|
Benita's father was a farmer from the village of Annenieki in Dobele Municipality, where the family owned a farm called "Tērces". Benita was raised on this farm with her older brother and sister. Her mother was a school teacher from Jelgava. On 25 March 1949 Benita Plezere and her family were deported to the village of Odesskoye, in the Omsk Region of the USSR, as they were classified as a Kulak family for owning more than of land before the Second World War.
|
|
Jaresko was born on 24 April 1965 in Elmhurst, Illinois, the daughter of Mary (Maria), née Budziak, and John (Ivan) Jaresko, both Ukrainian immigrants to the United States. Her father was born in Poltava Oblast during the Holodomor, during which her kulak great-grandparents, Feofan and Natalia Brazhnyk, starved to death. Jaresko was raised with two siblings, Katherine and John, in Wood Dale, Illinois. Although her family spoke mainly English, she attended Ukrainian school on Saturdays and the Ukrainian Orthodox church on Sundays.
|
|
It is a part of A Sportsman's Sketches, a collection of short stories. Pavlik Morozov, 1932 Morozov's life and death in the village of Gerasimovka in the Ural Mountains, has no connection with Turgenev's literary work. Morozov was a 13-year-old boy who denounced his father, a kulak, to the Soviet government authorities, and was in turn killed by his family. It was a Soviet morality tale: opposing the state was selfish and reactionary, and the state was more important than family.
|
|
The executions were carried out at night, either in prisons or in secluded areas run by the NKVD and located as a rule on the outskirts of major cities.Nicolas WerthCase Study:The NKVD Mass Secret Operation n° 00447 (August 1937 – November 1938)Nicolas WerthCase Study:The NKVD Mass Secret Operation n° 00447 (August 1937 – November 1938) The "Kulak Operation" was largest single campaign of repression in 1937–38, with 669,929 people arrested and 376,202 executed, more than half the total of known executions.
|
|
Compared to the early spring, during the summer of 1940, Finland wasn't high in importance in British foreign policy. To gain support from the Soviet Union, Britain had appointed Sir Stafford Cripps, from the left wing of the Labour Party, ambassador to Moscow. He had openly supported the Terijoki Government during the Winter War and he wondered to Ambassador Paasikivi 'didn't the Finns really want to follow Baltic Republics and join the Soviet Union?'. He also dismissively called President Kallio "Kulak" and Nordic social democracy "reactionary".
|
|
By 1926, according to the census, Kazakhstan was home to 860,000 Ukrainians. In the 1930s during the Soviet process of collectivization, approximately 64,000 Ukrainian kulak (relatively wealthy peasant) families were forcibly resettled in Kazakhstan. The first western Ukrainians were forcibly deported to Kazakhstan from the regions of Galicia and Volhynia when the Soviet Union annexed western Ukraine in 1939-1940. They were followed by more deportees from western Ukraine, people who were accused of or having been members of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists.
|
|
Detached from the group on 10 February, she convoyed ships between Dutch Harbor and Kulak Bay, then entered Puget Sound Navy Yard on 23 March for repairs. Sailing on 22 April, she arrived Adak on the 28th and joined TG 16.6, patrolling the approaches to the Near Islands and covering the southern approach to Kiska. Raleigh participated in the bombardment of Kiska on 2 August, blasting targets in Gertrude Cove, and shelled enemy positions again on 12 August, before heading for San Francisco and overhaul.
|
|
Excluding those sentenced in the 1920s–1930s, over 250,000 Belarusians were deported as kulaks or kulak family members in regions outside the Belarusian Soviet Republic. The scale of Soviet terror in Belarus was higher than in Russia or Ukraine which resulted in a much stronger extent of Russification in the republic. A Polish Autonomous District was founded in 1932 and disbanded in 1935. In September 1939, the Soviet Union, following the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact with Nazi Germany, occupied eastern Poland after the 1939 invasion of Poland.
|
|
Life at a small railway station - as seen through the eyes of two 8-year-olds, Vasya and Petya, - is in turmoil. An expedition arrives from a regional center to examine the possibility of building an aluminum factory nearby. In a parallel development the majority of locals choose to form a kolkhoz, kulak Danila and two of his friends being fierce opponents. Yegor, a local Selsoviet chairman disappears with a large sum of money, collected by people for purchasing some machinery for their future enterprise.
|
|
VI. 1984 r.,Augsburg, Antoni Czubiński, Zbigniew Kulak, Gemeinsame Deutsch- Polnische Schulbuchkommission, Komisja Podręcznikowa Historyków PRL i RFN, page 19 Instytut Zachodni, 1990 "Po pierwsze, obecność niemieckiej ludności na terenie byłego zaboru pruskiego należało uważać za wynik, a ją samą za narzędzie polityki germanizacyjnej, co w znacznej mierze było zgodne z prawdą.Po drugie, Niemcy otwarcie wykorzystywały tę ludność i jej potencjał gospodarczy do forsowania i uzsadniania swych roszczeń terytorialnych" In 1924, the situation in Germany improved, both internally and internationally. On 30 August 1924 in Vienna Convention, both governments agreed on the eviction of 28,000–30,000 Germans living in Poland who had chosen German citizenship ("Optanten" in German) and of 5,000 Poles living in Germany who had chosen Polish citizenship ("Optanci" in Polish).Stosunki polsko-niemieckie 1919–1932:XVII Konferencja Wspólnej Komisji Podre̦cznikowej PRL-RFN Historyków, 11 -17. VI. 1984 r.,Augsburg, Antoni Czubiński, Zbigniew Kulak, Gemeinsame Deutsch-Polnische Schulbuchkommission, Komisja Podręcznikowa Historyków PRL i RFN, page 44 Instytut Zachodni, 1990 The Weimar Republic, which in 1926 became a member of the League of Nations, enjoyed a period of relative prosperity, which had a positive effect on Poland.
|
|
During the Second Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the party in 1929 the right-wing leadership, which had intended to retain Tibetan Buddhism as a state religion in the old sense, in contradiction to the proclaimed constitution, was completely destroyed. Under the watchword of "antifeudal revolution," the Eighth Congress paved the way for socialist reconstruction and collectivization. When, in April–May, 1930, the so-called "counterrevolution of the Tuvinian nobles and the Russian kulak-colonists" broke out with the intent "to overthrow the 'Revolutionary Government,'" it was also put down by force.
|
|
Nikita Leontyevich Salogor (, or Salagor, , Mikita Leontiyovych Salohor; 15 August 1901 – 24 June 1981) was a Moldavian and Soviet politician who served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Moldavia (PCM) in 1942–1946. Of Romanian Ukrainian or Moldovan roots, he had a kulak mother, whom he openly denounced later in life. Salogor's early career was in agricultural institutions of the Ukrainian SSR and the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, where he also advanced politically. Following the Soviet advance into Bessarabia in 1940, he joined the leadership of the Moldavian SSR.
|
|
"Things are as bad as they've never been. What with censorship being now so fierce, whatever I'd choose to publish might get me into trouble," Grigorovich complained in an 1850 letter. Grigorovich's epic, sprawling novel Cart-Tracks (Prosyolochnye Dorogi, 1852) with its gallery of social parasites came under criticism for being overblown and derivative, Gogol's Dead Souls considered the obvious point of reference. Better received was his The Fishermen (Rybaki, 1853) novel, one of the earliest works of Russian literature pointing at the emergence of kulak (rich, exploitative peasant) in the Russian rural environment.
|
|
This was most apparent when Lakoba refused to implement collectivisation, arguing that there were no kulaks (affluent peasants) in the state. Such a policy was defended by Stalin, who said the anti-kulak policy did not "take account of the specific peculiarities of Abkhaz social structure and made the mistake of mechanically transferring Russian models of social engineering to Abkhaz soil". Collectivisation was first carried out after Abkhazia was downgraded in 1931, and fully implemented in 1936 after Lakoba's death. Throughout the SSR's existence, the Soviet ruble was its official currency.
|
|
A man dressed as Ded Moroz in a blue coat Following the Russian Revolution, Christmas traditions were actively discouraged because they were considered to be "bourgeois and religious".Fir Markets Similarly, in 1928 Ded Moroz was declared "an ally of the priest and kulak".Karen Petrone, Life Has Become More Joyous, Comrades: Celebrations in the Time of Stalin, Indiana University Press, 200, , Google Print, p.85 Nevertheless, the image of Ded Moroz took its current form during Soviet times, becoming the main symbol of the New Year's holiday (Novy God) that replaced Christmas.
|
|
The official goal of "kulak liquidation" came without precise instructions, and encouraged local leaders to take radical action. The campaign to "liquidate the kulaks as a class" constituted the main part of Stalin's social-engineering policies in the early 1930s. On 30 January 1930, the Politburo approved the dissolving of kulaks as a class. Three categories of kulaks were distinguished: the first to be sent to the Gulags; the second to be relocated to distant provinces, such as the north Urals and Kazakhstan; and the third to other areas within their province.
|
|
In 1977, back in Moscow, Kulak resumed contact with the CIA and provided a valuable list of Soviet scientists attempting to steal U.S. scientific secrets. He promised to provide even more valuable sets of data about the inner-most workings of the KGB and the Soviet Union's efforts to steal American technology. However, when he signaled to make contact with CIA agents, he got no response. CIA director Stansfield Turner had issued orders to the Moscow CIA station to halt contacts with undercover spies, out of fear the station had been compromised.
|
|
Stalin's harshest period of mass repression, the Great Purge (or Great Terror), was launched in 1936–1937 and involved the execution of over a half-million Soviet citizens accused of treason, terrorism, and other anti-Soviet crimes. The campaign of purges prominently targeted Stalin's former opponents and other Old Bolsheviks, and included a large-scale purge of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, repression of the kulak peasants, Red Army leaders, and ordinary citizens accused of conspiring against Stalin's administration.Figes, Orlando (2007). The Whisperers: Private Life in Stalin's Russia.
|
|
KSW XV is the first event without a new tournament, only with extra fights and finals from previous tournaments. Several fighters who have been successful in KSW have signed on to more well known promotions such as the UFC. KSW has its own fight team, the KSW Team, which consists of some of the promotion's elite fighters, such as Mamed Khalidov, Jan Błachowicz, Krzysztof Kulak, Łukasz Jurkowski or Antoni Chmielewski. KSW co-operates with many other promotions in Europe by exchanging fighters, for example WFC and The Cage.
|
|
The Islamic clerics, who were mostly landowners, felt threatened by PKI's land confiscation actions (aksi sepihak) in the countryside and by the communist campaign against the "seven village devils", a term used for landlords or better-off farmers (similar to the anti-kulak campaign in Stalinist era). Both groups harboured deep disdain for PKI in particular due to memories of the bloody 1948 communist rebellion. As the mediator of the three groups under the NASAKOM system, Sukarno displayed greater sympathies to the communists. The PKI had been very careful to support all of Sukarno's policies.
|
|
Discussions about Karelia becoming its own state emerged in 1906, when in Tampere, Grand Duchy of Finland, the was created on 3 August.VIENAN KARJALAISTEN LIITON PERUSTAMISEN MUISTOLAATTA, tampere.fi Archived version here In 1911, the Union was banned, but it was later revived in 1922 as the Academic Karelia Society, to take a direct part in the creation of the Republic of Uhtua. After the Bolsheviks came to power most of the peasants of Karelia fell under the definition of a kulak and were subject to loss of grain and cattle.
|
|
Joseph Stalin announced the "liquidation of the kulaks as a class" on 27 December 1929. Stalin had said: "Now we have the opportunity to carry out a resolute offensive against the kulaks, break their resistance, eliminate them as a class and replace their production with the production of kolkhozes and sovkhozes."Robert Service: Stalin, a biography, page 266. The Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party formalized the decision in a resolution titled "On measures for the elimination of kulak households in districts of comprehensive collectivization" on 30 January 1930.
|
|
While it remains unclear how the Smallholders Party would have solved the problems resulting from their dwarf properties, the plans of the Hungarian Working People's Party (MDP) soon became clear. The model of Stalinist collectivization would be adopted and applied with physical force if necessary. In July 1948, government regulations allowed the seizure of larger landholdings from nagygazdák (Hungarian [kulak]s). These regulations enabled over 800 square kilometers of land to be confiscated, 60% of which went to recently formed farming co-operatives, the rest going to private peasants.
|
|
According to the most recent research, Gerasimovka was described in the Soviet press as a "kulak nest" because all its villagers refused to join the kolkhoz, a state-controlled collective farm during the collectivization. Pavlik informed on neighbours when they did something wrong, including his own father, who left the family for another woman. Pavlik was not a Pioneer, although he wanted to be one. Kelly believes there is no evidence that the family was involved in the murder of the boy, and that it was probably the work of other teenagers with whom Pavlik had a squabble over a gun.
|
|
About one million kulak households (some five million people) were deported and never heard from again. Forced collectivization of the remaining peasants was often fiercely resisted resulting in a disastrous disruption of agricultural productivity. Forced collectivization helped achieve Stalin's goal of rapid industrialization but it also contributed to a catastrophic famine in 1932–33. A similar view was presented by Stephen Wheatcroft, who has given more weight to the "ill-conceived policies" of Soviet government and highlighted that while the policy was not targeted at Ukraine specifically, it was Ukraine who suffered most for "demographic reasons".
|
|
After Soviet troops took over the north of Bessarabia, former partisan detachments were tasked with requisitioning. Between April and June 1944, detachments led by Andreyev and Rudi seized 400 horses and carriages from the local population around Soroca. In this context, Moldovan peasants' resistance to food quotas imposed by the Romanian Army mutated into anti-Soviet resistance, attributed by MSSR authorities to "adverse kulak elements". During May 1944, anti-Soviet partisans staged attacks in places such as Ochiul Alb and Ciulucani; the PCM argued that they were stay-behind members of the National Christian Party and the Iron Guard.
|
|
2 and set out at 0700 on 16 August for their northern journey. The two carriers operated as the duty carrier on alternate days during the voyage, but foul weather pummeled the ships and prevented flight operations. The seasoned warships steamed through Amutka Pass and entered the Bering Sea on 23 August, and the next morning Kitkun Bay moored to a buoy in Kulak Bay on the Bering (northwestern) side of Adak Island in the Aleutians. The vessels anchored in the shadow of show-capped peaks surmounting the treeless green tundra, and refueled and loaded supplies.
|
|
Kitkun Bay shifted to Sweeper's Cove at Adak, where nearly 6,000 soldiers toured the ship the following day. That evening she cast off from the pier and returned to Kulak Bay. From there, Fanshaw Bay, Hoggatt Bay (CVE-75), Kitkun Bay, Manila Bay, Nehenta Bay, Savo Island, and their screen including Chester (CA-27), Pensacola (CA-24), and Salt Lake City (CA-25), sailed in TF 49, Rear Adm. Harold M. Martin, Commander, CarDiv 23, who broke his flag in Hoggatt Bay, and participated in the occupation of the northern Japanese home islands (31 August–9 September 1945).
|
|
Slovene film actors and actresses historically include Ida Kravanja, who played her roles as Ita Rina in the early European films, and Metka Bučar.Museum of Slovene Film Actors, Divača, official website. After the WW II, one of the most notable film actors was Polde Bibič, who played a number of roles in many films that were well received in Slovenia, including Don't Cry, Peter (1964), On Wings of Paper (1968), Kekec's Tricks (1968), Flowers in Autumn (1973), The Widowhood of Karolina Žašler (1976), Heritage (1986), Primož Trubar (1985), and My Dad, The Socialist Kulak (1987). Many of these were directed by Matjaž Klopčič.
|
|
Ivnitskyy "Tragedy of Soviet Village" This second forced-voluntary collectivization campaign also caused a delay in sowing. During winter and spring 1930–1931, the Ukrainian agricultural authority Narkomzem issued several reports about the significant decline of livestock caused by poor treatment, the absence of forage, stables, and farms, and "kulak sabotage". According to the first five-year plan, Ukrainian agriculture was to switch from an exclusive orientation of grain to a more diverse output. This included not only an increase in sugar beet crops; other types of agricultural production were expected to be utilized by industry, including cotton, which was established in 1931.
|
|
In many cases, peasants bitterly opposed this process and often slaughtered their animals rather than give them to collective farms, even though the government only wanted the grain. Kulaks, prosperous peasants, were forcibly resettled to Kazakhstan, Siberia and the Russian Far North (a large portion of the kulaks served at forced labor camps). However, just about anyone opposing collectivization was deemed a "kulak". The policy of liquidation of kulaks as a class—formulated by Stalin at the end of 1929—meant some executions, and even more deportation to special settlements and, sometimes, to forced labor camps.
|
|
Some of these coaches were great players in their playing days. Kaz Kulak, Archie Blue, Ilija Takac, Ati Abonyi, Ljubo Gojkovic, Geoff Hoggart, John Fleming (1980s), Ljubo Jancev, Bill Pilovski, Manfred Schaefer, Risto Gojkovski, Rale Rasic, Doug Utjesenovic, Bill Temelkovski, Bill Boskovski, Gerry Gomez (1990s), Mile Todoroski, Ivan Petkovic, Zlatko Nastevski and current coach Mike Grbevski. Mile Todorovski, the 2008 Super League Coach of the Year was announced as the new coach for the 2009 season with all members/guests and players welcoming the announcement. Lee Sterrey, formerly the coach of Marconi Stallions, replaced him for the 2011 Premier League season.
|
|
Kondratiev was removed from the directorship of the Institute of Conjuncture in 1928 and arrested in July 1930, accused of being a member of a "Peasants Labour Party" (a non-existent party invented by the NKVD). Convicted as a "kulak-professor" and sentenced to 8 years in prison, Kondratiev served his sentence, from February 1932 onwards, at Suzdal, near Moscow. Although his health deteriorated under poor conditions, Kondratiev continued his research and decided to prepare five new books, as he mentioned in a letter to his wife. Some of these texts were indeed completed and were published.
|
|
The 1990s brought Affiliated Independent Record Companies (AIRCO), whose most notable member was upstart punk-thrash rock label Mystic Records, and The Independent Music Retailer's Association (IMRA), a short- lived organization founded by Mark Wilkins and Don Kulak. The latter is most notable for a lawsuit involving co-op money it filed on behalf of its member Digital Distributors in conjunction with Warehouse Record Stores.Jeffrey, Don (June 10, 1995) "Retailer Sues Majors for CD Price Fixing" in Billboard Magazine, Billboard Publishing The adjudication of the case grossed $178,000,000 from the distribution arms of major labels. The proceeds were distributed amongst all plaintiffs.
|
|
Despite the elimination of poor land from cultivation and a tremendous increase in the use of fertilisers and tractors, agricultural production declined seriously. By 1959, pre-war production levels still had not been met. Major causes of the decline were the diversion of labour from agriculture to industry (in 1948 an estimated 2.2 million workers were employed in agriculture; by 1960, only 1.5 million); the suppression of the kulak, the most experienced and productive farmer; and the peasantry's opposition to collectivisation, which resulted in sabotage. The 1960 Constitution of Czechoslovakia declared the victory of "socialism" and proclaimed the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.
|
|
He remained active in the private sector working for Insurance companies such as the French insurance company at the Fonciére-palota in the Andrássy avenue and at the State Insurance Company. In the summer of 1951 the leadership of the then communist Hungarian People's Republic decided to deport the so-called "undesired persons" (former high-ranking civil servants, soldiers, landowners) from Budapest. Dr.Pál and his family had their home in Budapest (Zugló district) expropriated and were deported to the village of Gyulaháza, which they could only leave with police permission, under the accusation of "kulak" or "enemy of democracy".
|
|
As Germany attacked the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, a state of war was declared in the western regions of the country. Vladimir Tributs the Commander-in-Chief of the Baltic Fleet of the Soviet Union issued an order on 24 June 1941 warning of the paralysing actions of enemy paratrooper squads aided by the "capitalist-kulak" portions of the populations, which allegedly had a large number of weapons that had not been turned in. The officers ordered the strengthening of defences of headquarters, army units and communications.Karel Cornelis Berkhoff, Harvest of despair Attacking "bandits" were to be shot on the spot.
|
|
On June 24, 1920, the Chuvash Autonomous Oblast was formed, which was transformed into the Chuvash ASSR in April 1925. The 1930–1931 Communist campaign against the rich kulak peasant class, which resulted in their deportation to Gulag prison camps and the elimination of independent peasant farms, hit the Chuvash ASSR's agricultural production hard. The Great Purge in 1936–1938 dealt a great blow to the Chuvash intelligentsia; many were shot or deported to prison camps. Most of the local Chuvash teachers were shot, making it difficult to teach Chuvash, as the Russian replacements did not know the language.
|
|
Hicketts (middle) battles Brett Kulak (left) during the 2013–14 WHL season with the Victoria Royals. Hicketts was drafted 12th overall by the Victoria Royals in the 2011 WHL Bantam Draft after spending the 2010–11 season with the Kamloops Bantam AAA Jardine Blazers where he scored eighteen goals and 41 assists in 51 games played. Hicketts spent the 2011–12 season at the Okanagan Hockey Academy in Penticton, British Columbia. During the 2012–13 season, Hicketts played in 67 of 72 regular season games for the Royals, where he recorded six goals and 18 assists in his first season.
|
|
Soviet agriculture around 1930 was in a crisis due to the forced collectivisation of farms, and the extermination of the kulak peasant farmers. The resulting famine in 1932–33 provoked the government to search for a solution to the critical lack of food. Lysenko's attack on the "bourgeois pseudoscience" of modern genetics and the proposal that plants can rapidly adjust to a changed environment suited the ideological battle in both agriculture and Soviet society. State media published enthusiastic articles such as "Siberia is transformed into land of orchards and gardens", "Soviet people change nature" while anyone opposing Lysenko was presented as a defender of "mysticism, obscurantism and backwardness".
|
|
As a result potential pitfalls vanish into thin air as they achieve a kind of mobility rare outside of Sun Ra and a freedom that must have been sweet indeed". At Perfect Sound Forever Steve Kulak wrote, "Those lucky enough to be there would no doubt have witnessed first hand what was meant by "an insanely accelerated history of jazz." The music can be approached as one extended composition, or as a series of scenes, although it may seem odd to speak of scenes in a work where hearing and sound prevail. Yet hearing, together with vision, is the second sense that brings us knowledge from afar.
|
|
In 1937, when her son was less than one year old, she was separated from him for almost 20 years when the NKVD came and arrested her. In 1937, there were accusations against Bukharin for spying, attempting to dismember the Soviet Union, organising kulak uprisings, plotting to murder Joseph Stalin and attempting mysterious acts towards Vladimir Lenin in the past. Bukharin never understood why he was being slandered but was mentally and psychologically prepared for death. Before they were separated, Bukharin instructed his wife to memorise his final testament (knowing that it would be suppressed by Stalin) in which he implored future generations of communist leaders to exonerate him.
|
|
Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks considered only batraks and bednyaks as true allies of the Soviets and proletariat; serednyaks were considered unreliable, "hesitating" allies; and kulaks were identified as class enemies, as they owned land (this was later expanded to include those who owned livestock). However, a middle peasant who did not hire labor and was little engaged in trade "might yet (if he had a large family) hold three cows and two horses." There were other measures that indicated the kulaks as not being especially prosperous. Both peasants and Soviet officials were often uncertain as to what constituted a 'kulak'.
|
|
This includes deportations to the Soviet Union of non- Soviet citizens from countries outside the USSR. It has been estimated that, in their entirety, internal forced migrations affected at least 6 million people. Of this total, 1.8 million kulaks were deported in 1930–31, 1.0 million peasants and ethnic minorities in 1932–39, whereas about 3.5 million ethnic minorities were further resettled during 1940–52. Soviet archives documented 390,000 deaths during kulak forced resettlement and up to 400,000 deaths of persons deported to forced settlements during the 1940s; however, Nicolas Werth places overall deaths closer to some 1 to 1.5 million perishing as a result of the deportations.
|
|
Leuven also benefits as more students in Kortrijk means lesser students in the chronically overcrowded first year lectures in Leuven. Students that have completed the first two to three bachelor years will still move to Leuven (or to any other university, for that matter) to specialize further in their master years but by then they will be more mature, confident and up to the challenge. All Kulak campus faculty buildings, research facilities, student dormitories, restaurant and social areas are within a single university park, allowing for a true campus life. located on a shallow hill in the "t'Hoge" (the heights) region just south of the city centre of Kortrijk.
|
|
Pressure from Moscow to collectivize continued and the authorities in Latvia sought to reduce the number of individual farmers (increasingly labelled kulaki or budži) through higher taxes and requisitioning of agricultural products for state use. The first kolkhoz was established only in November 1946 and by 1948, just 617 kolkhozes had been established, integrating 13,814 individual farmsteads (12.6% of the total). The process was still judged too slow, and in March 1949 just under 13,000 kulak families, as well as a large number of individuals, were identified. Between March 24 and March 30, 1949, about 40,000 people were deported and resettled at various points throughout the USSR.
|
|
In the 1930s, the Party started the collectivization, which automatically put the "kulak" label on the well-off families living in Siberia for a long time. Naturally, raskulachivanie applied to everyone who protested. From the Central Russia many families were exiled in low-populated, forest or swampy areas of Siberia, but those who lived here, had either to escape anywhere, or to be exiled in the Northern regions (such as Evenk and Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrugs and the northern parts of Tomsk Oblast). Collectivization destroyed the traditional and most effective stratum of the peasants in Siberia and the natural ways of development, and its consequences are still persisting.
|
|
As Russia had been a major wheat exporter before the First World War, he decided to expel his recalcitrant kulak peasant farmers to the wastes of Siberia and create huge collective farms on their land like the 50,000 hectare farm that Krupp had created in the North Caucasus. Thus, in 1930 and 1931, a huge deluge of Soviet wheat at slave labour prices flooded unsuspecting world markets, where surpluses already prevailed, thereby causing poverty and distress to North American farmers. However, Stalin secured the precious foreign currency to pay for German armaments. Yet the Union of Industrialists were not only interested in cash for their weapons, they wanted a political concession.
|
|
After a return to the West Coast, she operated in support of fleet units engaged in the Guadalcanal Campaign. Platte departed San Pedro on 9 April 1943 to provide logistic support for the Aleutian Islands Campaign, serving as station tanker in Kulak Bay, Adak. After several runs between the West Coast and Pearl Harbor, Platte served with twelve other fleet oilers of Service Squadron 8 as part of a task group refueling warships involved in the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign. Platte was underway for the Marshall Islands the afternoon of 31 January 1944, fueling the battleship and six destroyers, before standing out to sea on 11 February.
|
|
His first poems appeared in 1849 and his first collection in 1856; his 1858 poem "Kulak" was his most successful with both critics and the public. A second collection came out in 1859, and a prose "Seminarist's Diary" was published in 1861. Some of his poems became the basis for popular songs, set to music by such composers as Vasily Kalinnikov, Eduard Nápravník, and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. D. S. Mirsky wrote that his "principal claim to attention" was in "his realistic poems of the life of the poor": > He was inclined sometimes to idealize and sentimentalize them, but his best > things are free from this sin.
|
|
Red Army commander Pavel Dybenko and Nestor Makhno, 1919 Bolshevik hostility to Makhno and his anarchist army increased after Red Army defections. While the Soviet authorities chose not to pay attention to the frankly anti-Bolshevik nature of the resolutions of the February regional congress of Soviets, when the front stabilized in April, the authorities headed for the liquidation of Makhnovia's special status. In the Soviet press, the Makhnovist movement began to qualify as kulak, its slogans as counter- revolutionary, and its actions as harmful to the revolution. Arshinov in his memoirs accused the Soviet authorities of organizing a blockade of the district, during which all "revolutionary workers" were detained.
|
|
The project is on the verge of collapse: people are horrified by the idea that Yegor, a trustworthy man and a Civil War hero, should turn out a thief. Then the reason for one of the boys, Petya’s strange behaviour becomes clear. It turns out that he’s found Yegor’s blood-stained cap in the forest and seems to know who the murderer is. The three kulak guys get arrested for the crime one of them committed, Yegor’s dead body is found in the woods to be buried by the river, the kolkhoz project gets revived as does Vasya and Petya's long-cherished dream of distant lands and happiness for all.
|
|
Although her request is granted (by a faceless Nadezhda Krupskaya, seen only from behind), she is eventually spurred by the government's condemnation of 'cowards' such as her to accept the post. Yelena arrives in a remote village, where the two authority figures are the feckless representative of the Soviet and the Bey -- the local version of the kulak. The villagers live a primitive life, practicing shamanist religion (symbolised by the totem of a dead horse on a pole) and living entirely off their herd of sheep. The children become devoted to Yelena, but their education is hampered both by their primitive condition and by the insistence of the Bey that they work as shepherds rather than attending school.
|
|
Bilal Xhaferri was born on 10 May or 2 November 1935 in Ninat, Konispol in the Chameria's part inside Albania's borders, to Xhaferr Hoxha, nephew of Hasan Tahsini. His mother died when he was 8 years of age and when he was 10 the communist regime executed his father, at the end of World War II, due to his support and sympathy for Balli Kombëtar. He grew up with an orphan with his three sisters by his paternal grandfather, Ferik Hoxha. He finished his elementary and secondary education in his hometown and on 1948 he left towards Sarandë as a mail courier, after his grandfather was declared kulak and was expropriated by the authorities.
|
|
After a short period of service in the Army, Barabanov was ordered to join OGPU (secret service) and through several positions climbed into a high-level post in the Moscow military district. In 1933 he moved into a senior position in the GULAG (labour camp) administration; in April 1933 he became deputy commander of Dmitlag, a camp set up in the city of Dmitrov in 1932 to dig the Moscow-Volga Canal. In April 1935 Barabanov was dismissed, expelled from the party ("for drinking and hiding he was son of a kulak") and spent six months in solitary confinement while being investigated. Eventually he was released and exiled to the North with his family.
|
|
Kulak, p. 252 In 1938 the Polish cultural centre (the Polish House) in Breslau was destroyed by the police, New Synagogue was destroyed 1938, and many of the city's 10,000 Jews were deported to pre-war Nazi concentration camps; those who remained were killed during the Nazi genocide of World War II. The coat of arms in Breslau was changed by Nazis in 1938, as it contained letter W considered by them to be "too Slavic"Wrocławskie skandale z herbem miasta w tle. Gazeta Wyborcza Wrocław.Interview with Professor Rościsław Żerelik, 12.03.2010 Additionally 88 locations in the city received new German names as part of campaign of GermanizationStare i nowe osiedla Zygmunt Antkowiak, Zakład Narodowy imienia.
|
|
He published his first short story, "On Old Paths", in 1926 in the Warsaw magazine Nasha Besida. In Samchuk's most outstanding work, the Volyn trilogy (I–III, 1932–1937), a collective image of a Ukrainian young man of the late 1920s and early 1930s is derived, which seeks to find Ukraine's place in the world. From 1929 he began to collaborate regularly with the Literary-Scientific Bulletin, The Bells (magazines published in Lviv), The Independent Thought (Chernivtsi), the Nation-Building (Berlin), and the Antimony (without a permanent location). Samchuk concurrently wrote the novel Kulak(1932) about the eternal commitment of the Ukrainian peasant to tilling the land and the undying optimism of farmers.
|
|
If none of the previous measures were effective the defiant peasant would be deported or exiled. The practice was made legal in 1929 under Article 61 of the criminal code. Many peasant families were forcibly resettled in Siberia and Kazakhstan into exile settlements, and most of them died on the way. Estimates suggest that about a million so-called 'kulak' families, or perhaps some 5 million people, were sent to forced labour camps. On August 7, 1932, the Decree about the Protection of Socialist Property proclaimed that the punishment for theft of kolkhoz or cooperative property was the death sentence, which "under extenuating circumstances" could be replaced by at least ten years of incarceration.
|
|
Though the DMK split from the Dravidar Kazhagam, the organisation made efforts to carry on Periyar's Self-Respect Movement to villagers and urban students. The DMK advocated the thesis that the Tamil language was much richer than Sanskrit and Hindi in content, and thus was a key which opened the door to subjects to be learned. The Dravidar Kazhagam continued to counter Brahminism, Indo-Aryan propaganda, and uphold the Dravidians' right of self-determination. Against C. Rajagopalachari (or Rajaji), the then Chief Minister of Madras State, for introducing a new educational system that indirectly encouraged traditional caste-based occupations called Kulak kalvit thittam Against renaming Kallakkudi to Dalmiyapuram as the name Dalmiyapuram symbolised north Indian domination.
|
|
The gang sends Cordelia to remind Buffy that yearbook photos are about to take place, but Cordelia is too busy campaigning for Homecoming Queen. After discovering that her favorite teacher does not remember her, and that it was Cordelia's fault that she missed yearbook photos, Buffy decides to compete for the Homecoming Queen title. Meanwhile, Mr. Trick introduces a competition, "SlayerFest '98", with a group of participants including German twin assassins Hans & Fredrick Gruenstahler, "The Most Dangerous Game" hunter Frawley, Kulak, a demon of the Miquot Clan, and Lyle Gorch from "Bad Eggs" and his new wife Candy. When Xander and Willow try on their Homecoming outfits, tension builds until they finally kiss.
|
|
The mass deportation of the Germans was based on social and ethnic criteria, the German Russian settlements probably suffered more than any other communities. About 1.2 percent of the Soviet population was classified as kulak and deported to the Gulag (slave labour camps), based on a total Soviet population of 147 million, according to the 1926 census. The number of ethnic Germans sent to the camps as kulaks was about 50,000 out of a German population in the Soviet Union at the time of the same census of 1.239 million, that is, about 4 percent of the German population. The Germans were not the only ethnic group deported in large numbers during the collectivization drive, as many ethnic Poles also suffered the same fate.
|
|
In the Cuban intellectual discussion, the concept of ideological diversionism is sometimes referred as having direct influence from the era of Stalinism [6]. Although in the Stalinist historiography the direct concept is never articulated as such, one could point for a possible intellectual origin the 1929 text "On Right Deviation in our Party", where Stalin heavily critiques Bukharin, the kulak culture, and "social democracy" tendencies within the Soviet Communist Party. Deviations, according to Stalin, unlike Mao, must never be present in the Party, since it a structure of division in the vanguard of the People [7]. Stalin's deviation differs from the "diversionist" position to the extent that it never seeks to establish a "foreign" influence or a linguistic appropriation of Marxist categories as an aesthetic of concealment.
|
|
He played important roles in the decision in January 1918 to end the Russian Constituent Assembly and the subsequent signing on 3 March of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. In March 1918 Sverdlov along with most prominent Bolsheviks fled Petrograd and moved the government headquarters to Moscow–the Sverdlov's moved into a room in the Kremlin.Page 147, In March 1918 Sverdlov and the Central Executive Committee discussed how to best remove the "ulcers that socialism has inherited from capitalism" and Yakov advocated for a concentrated effort to turn the poorest peasants in the villages against their kulak brethren. Alongside Bukharin, the party began a campaign of "concentrated violence" against many members of the landowning, capitalist, and tradesman classes of Russian society.
|
|
The city became haven for refugees, swelling in population to nearly one million.History of Wrocław Polish resistance from the group Zagra- Lin:pl:Zagra-Lin successfully attacked a Nazi Germany's troop transport on the main railway station in the city on 23 April 1943, and a commemorative plate honouring their actions was placed after Nazi Germany was defeated in 1945.Wywiad, sabotaż, dywersja:polski ruch oporu w Berlinie, 1939–1945 Juliusz Pollack page 141 Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, 1991Jak Polacy żołnierzy w Breslau zabili Gazeta Wrocławska 2010-05-21Wojskowy przeglad historyczny, Volume 40, Issues 3–4 1995 page 264Historia Wrocławia: Od twierdzy fryderycjańskiej do twierdzy hitlerowskiej Cezary Buśko, Włodzimierz Suleja, Teresa Kulak, Wydawnictwo Dolnoślaskie, 2001 , page 334 In February 1945 the Soviet Red Army approached the city.
|
|
Anadyr Ugolnye Airport, August 2006 Exploitation of the various minerals to be found in the district did not begin until the early 20th century, when the Russian North-Eastern Siberian Society, an American conglomerate, began to extract gold and ship it back to the United States, though this enterprise ceased in 1912. Due to the distance between Anadyrsky District and Moscow, news of the October Revolution took nearly a month to arrive and even when it did, Bolshevik politics did not immediately seize control. When Bolshevik partisans finally seized control of Anadyr in December 1919, they were overthrown by the kulak merchants soon after being established; perhaps not surprisingly since they were the only three Bolsheviks in the area.John J. Stephan.
|
|
96 The thrust of the Pravda criticism was in terms of morality; it condemned the opera's sympathetic portrayal of the eponymous character, an adulteress and murderess. At the time, the composer justified the sympathetic portrayal of Katerina in Soviet terms, saying she was a victim of the circumstances of oppressive, pre-revolutionary Russia. This criticism was revived in a different way by Richard Taruskin in a 1989 article, where he interprets the work in the context of Stalin's campaign against the kulaks in 1930, considering its portrayal of the killings of Katerina's kulak in-laws as "a justification of genocide". Daniil Zhitomirsky accuses the work of "primitive satire" in its treatment of the priest and police, but acknowledges the "incredible force" of the last scene.
|
|
On 2 July 1937, Stalin sent a top-secret letter to all regional Party chiefs (with a copy to NKVD regional chiefs) ordering them to present, within five days, estimates of the number of kulaks and "criminals" that should be arrested, executed, or sent to camps. Produced in a matter of days, these figures roughly matched those of "suspect" individuals already under police surveillance, although the criteria used to distribute the "kulak and criminal elements" among the two categories are not clear. On 30 July 1937 the NKVD Order no. 00447 was issued, directed against "ex-kulaks" and other "anti-Soviet elements" (such as former officials of the Tsarist regime, former members of political parties other than the communist party, etc.).
|
|
The remainder were 'suspected' of being Polish, without further inquiry. Poles comprised 12.5% of those who were killed during the Great Terror, while comprising only 0.4% of the population. Overall, national minorities targeted in these campaigns composed 36% of the victims of the Great Purge, despite being only 1.6% of the Soviet Union's population; 74% of ethnic minorities arrested during the Great Purge were executed while those sentenced during the Kulak Operation only had a 50% chance of being executed, (though this may have been due to the Gulag camp's lack of space in the late stages of The Purge rather than deliberate discrimination in sentencing.). The wives and children of those arrested and executed were dealt with by the NKVD Order No. 00486.
|
|
Prisoners were being drawn into the Soviet penal system in large numbers during the initial period of Kolyma's development, most notably from the so-called anti-Kulak campaign and the government's internal war to force collectivization on the USSR's peasantry. These prisoners formed a readily available workforce. Butugychag Tin Mine – A Gulag camp in the Kolyma area The initial efforts to develop the region began in 1932, with the building of the town of Magadan by forced labor. (Many projects in the USSR were already using forced labor, most notably the White Sea-Baltic Canal.) After a gruelling train ride on the Trans-Siberian Railway prisoners were disembarked at one of several transit camps (such as Nakhodka and later Vanino) and transported across the Sea of Okhotsk to the natural harbor chosen for Magadan's construction.
|
|
They often used the term to label anyone who had more property than was considered "normal," according to subjective criteria, and personal rivalries played a part in the classification of enemies. Historian Robert Conquest argues: During the summer of 1918, Moscow sent armed detachments to the villages to seize grain. Any peasant who resisted was labeled a kulak: "The Communists declared war on the rural population for two purposes: to extract food for the cities and the Red Army and to insinuate their authority into the countryside, which remained largely unaffected by the Bolshevik coup." A large-scale revolt ensued, and it was during this period, in August 1918, that Lenin sent a directive: > Hang (hang without fail, so the people see) no fewer than one hundred known > kulaks, rich men, bloodsuckers.
|
|
It was incriminated to him that in 1941 he organized, together with other "Kulak" from the village of Mândâc, a solemn reception "to the Romanian occupants", especially to the chief of the gendarmerie, and then, in 1942, "taking the floor at an organized meeting. by the occupation authorities, he called on the population to give assistance to the occupation armies in the fight against the Soviet Army and spoke unrespect fully about the Soviet Union". Sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment in labor camps with suspension of civil rights for a term of five years and co-confiscation of assets; # Vasile Oleinic, born in 1904, Slănina village, Târnova District. Sentenced to 10 years of imprisonment with suspension of civil rights for a term of five years; # Alexandru Bobeică, born in 1922, Drochia village, Târnova District.
|
|
The Lost World of Stalin's Special Settlements Oxford University Press 2007, hardback, 320 pages The stated purpose of the campaign was to fight the counter-revolution and build socialism in the countryside. This policy was accomplished simultaneously with collectivization in the Soviet Union and effectively brought all agriculture in the Soviet Union under state control. May 1926 illustration to the Soviet categories of peasants: bednyaks, or poor peasants; serednyaks, or mid-income peasants; and kulaks, the those that possessed capital and significant wealth those who had much larger farms than most Russian peasants The "liquidation of the kulaks as a class" was announced by Stalin on December 27, 1929. The decision was formalized in a resolution, "On measures for the elimination of kulak households in districts of comprehensive collectivization", on January 30, 1930.
|
|
During Soviet times Dzhanuzakov was the initiator of the creation and chairman of the Commission for Refugees, participants of the uprising in 1916. He managed to free the local population, who suffered from the punitive operations of the tsarist regime, from taxes, to allocate huge sums of money and other means of material assistance to the population of Turkestan. Using the powers that he has, Dzhanuzakov simultaneously organizes work to investigate the most violent manifestations of the great-power attitude of the kulak population of the Chuy and Issyk-Kul valleys towards the local Kyrgyz. Thus, as a result of the investigation of the brutal murder in 1916, 537 unarmed Kyrgyz people – old men, women and children in the vicinity of the village of Belovodskoye, were sentenced to be executed by the organizers of this crime.
|
|
Yeltsin with childhood friends The Soviet Union was then under the rule of Joseph Stalin, who led the one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Seeking to convert the country into a socialist society according to Marxist-Leninist doctrine, in the late 1920s Stalin's government had initiated a project of mass rural collectivisation coupled with dekulakization. As a prosperous farmer, Yeltsin's paternal grandfather, Ignatii, was accused of being a "kulak" in 1930. His farm, which was in Basmanovo, was confiscated and he and his family were forced to reside in a cottage in nearby Butka. There, Nikolai and Ignatii's other children were allowed to join the local kolkhoz (collective farm), but Ignatii himself was not; he and his wife Anna were exiled to Nadezhdinsk in 1934, where he died two years later.
|
|
In the 1928–1932 period of the first five-year plan, Stalin affected the dekulakization of the farmlands of the Soviet Union, a politically radical dispossession of the kulak class of peasant-landlords from the Tsarist social order of monarchy. As Old Bolshevik revolutionaries, Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky recommended amelioration of the dekulakization to lessen the negative social impact in the relations between the Soviet peoples and the party, but Stalin took umbrage and then accused them of uncommunist philosophical deviations from Lenin and Marx. That implicit accusation of ideological deviationism licensed Stalin to accuse Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky of plotting against the party and the appearance of impropriety then compelled the resignations of the Old Bolsheviks from government and from the Politburo. Stalin then completed his political purging of the party by exiling Trotsky from the Soviet Union in 1929.
|
|
Some of them spent time in labour camps. Orlando Figes describes Aleksandr's sense of uneasiness at the way his family had been treated while at the same time fearing for himself, his career and growing creative accomplishments if he was to actively help them. In August 1931, when his father and brother arrived unexpectedly in Smolensk at his work, Aleksandr called the police and his father was arrested. It is highly likely that if Tvardovsky had been seen to help his kulak father (a dangerous and criminal element in the eyes of many), he would have been arrested alongside his father. Tvardovsky acknowledged the guilt he felt about his father in his late poem, "By Right of Memory" (1968). In 1939, he participated in the march into Western Belorussia, and also in the Winter War, where he was part of a "writers' brigade" composing patriotic verse.
|
|
Estimates on the number of deaths brought about by Stalin's rule are hotly debated by scholars in the field of Soviet and Communist studies. Prior to the collapse of the USSR and the archival revelations, some historians estimated that the numbers killed by Stalin's regime were 20 million or higher. Michael Parenti writes that estimates on the Stalinist death toll vary widely in part because such estimates are based on "anecdotes" in absence of reliable evidence and "speculations by writers who never reveal how they arrive at such figures". After the Soviet Union dissolved, evidence from the Soviet archives became available, containing official records of the execution of approximately 800,000 prisoners under Stalin for either political or criminal offenses, around 1.7 million deaths in the Gulags and some 390,000 deaths during kulak forced resettlement—for a total of about 3 million officially recorded victims in these categories.
|
|
Beregi had a major recurring role as fictional gang lord Joe Kulak on The Untouchables. He played the starring role as ex-Nazi Captain Gunther Lutze in the Twilight Zone episode "Deaths- Head Revisited." He also appeared in the Twilight Zone episodes "The Rip Van Winkle Caper" and "Mute" and in dozens of shows that used his distinctively paradoxical heavy-set European urbanity to comic effect, including Hogan's Heroes (twice), The Monkees, The Man From U.N.C.L.E., Blue Light, The Wild Wild West, Mission: Impossible, season 1 episodes 4 and 5, Get Smart, Green Acres in the 1968 episode 1 & 2 of "A Star Named Arnold is Born" as well as the 1970 episode "A Royal Love Story," and in an episode of The Lucy Show which featured Hogan's Heroes star Bob Crane and a cameo by John Banner in character as Stalag 13's Sergeant Schultz. Airing on March 29, 1968, he appeared in the episode “Love and Goulash” on Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C..
|
|
Mikheil Javakhishvili and his brother Pridon Javakhishvili skillfully incorporated folk phraseology into the normalized narrative language. In his best writings, the novelist combines the devastating realism and characteristic humorous touches with underlying pessimism and anarchy to contrast country and city life, tsarist and Soviet times. His plots, sometimes overtly rebellious, violent, and sexually passionate, intersect traditional taboos and belie any reconciliation with the new world and have a common ground: the rise of the Georgian kulak, the life of the Georgian aristocratic intellectual and dilettante, and the impact on them both of the revolutionary upheaval of 1917 and the Bolshevik takeover of 1921. In his most typical and influential novella, Jaqo's Dispossessed (ჯაყოს ხიზნები; Jakos Khiznebi), first published in 1924, Javakhishvili contrasts the swashbuckling, grasping, and swindler Jaqo with his victim, Prince Teimuraz Khevistavi, the amiable intellectual and ineffectual philanthropist whom his trustee, Jaqo, robs of his fortune, his beautiful and beloved wife Margo, and even of his sanity.
|
|
Prices of real estate around the station grew, as the city began to develop southwards. In 1899, the construction of five new platforms began, four of them covered by a large roof. The number of passenger platforms within the station grew to 13 and all were elevated. The facade of the main hall was remodeled in 1899-1904\. During World War II, Polish resistance from the group Zagra-Lin successfully attacked a Nazi troop transport on the station on 23 April 1943. A commemorative plate honouring their actions was placed after Nazi Germany was defeated and Breslau, together with Silesia, was incorporated into Poland,Wywiad, sabotaż, dywersja:polski ruch oporu w Berlinie, 1939-1945 Juliusz Pollack page 141 Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, 1991Jak Polacy żołnierzy w Breslau zabili Gazeta Wrocławska 2010-05-21Wojskowy przeglad historyczny , Volume 40, Issues 3-4 1995 page 264Historia Wrocławia: Od twierdzy fryderycjańskiej do twierdzy hitlerowskiej Cezary Buśko, Włodzimierz Suleja, Teresa Kulak, Wydawnictwo Dolnoślaskie, 2001 , page 334 its German population expelled. After the war, Breslau Central (Breslau Hauptbahnhof) was renamed Wroclaw Central (Wrocław Główny).
|
|
Historia Wrocławia: Od twierdzy fryderycjańskiej do twierdzy hitlerowskiej Cezary Buśko, Włodzimierz Suleja, Teresa Kulak, Wydawnictwo. Dolnoślaskie, 2001, page 343 Franciszek Juszczak, a long time leader of the Polish community in Wrocław before World War II and resistance member, was nominated by Drobner to the position of vice-president of the Lower Silesian Chamber of Crafts In close cooperation with authorities he formed Związek Polaków Byłych Obywateli Niemieckich(Union of Poles Former German Citizens). The pre-war Polish minority, though officially regarded as heroes, was subject of a "verification process" to determine their Polishness, in a procedure described as an "experience of some unpleasantness". According to German historian Gregor Thum in 1949 2,769 or about 1 percent of the city's population were pre-war inhabitants of the city, 1,029 of them able to speak Polish fluently. Kozanów tower blocks In the summer of 1945 the city had a predominately German populationMazower, M(2008) Hitler's Empire: How the Nazis Ruled Europe, Penguin Press P544 who were expelled to one of the two post-war German states between 1945 and 1949.
|
|
Departing the Seattle area on 26 June 1943, Boxwood relieved at Adak, in the Aleutians, and assisted in the installation of antitorpedo net lines at Adak and Sand Bay, and helped in laying fleet mooring buoys. After tending nets in the Adak area during the invasion of Kiska, Boxwood proceeded to Kiska as a replacement for a destroyer operating off that island and thus gained the distinction of being the first net tender in that area. Soon after Boxwood's arrival, Buckeye joined her; and the two ships installed cruiser moorings in Kiska harbor, as well as approximately two miles of a combination anti-torpedo and submarine-indicator net. Resuming her duties at Adak in October 1943, Boxwood later received minor damage while assisting the grounded destroyer in Kulak Bay. During her operations in these northern climes, Boxwood was redesignated AN-8 on 20 January 1944. Ordered to Kiska on 15 February 1944, Boxwood proceeded thence and repaired some of the cruiser moorings that she had laid there earlier. Completing this task by 27 February, the net tender sailed to Attu, where she tended net defenses until relieved by on 26 September. Upon completion of repairs and alterations at Adak on 31 October, Boxwood resumed tending the net defenses there early in November 1944.
|
|