From 20083 to 22008, he was active in the Socialist Workers Party, a Trotskyite group.
|
|
Mr. Mélenchon, 65, a former Trotskyite, ran a campaign denouncing banks, globalization and the European Union — just like Ms. Le Pen.
|
|
Accused of being a Trotskyite and a French spy, he was executed at age 45 after a 20-minute show trial.
|
|
He was affiliated with the Trotskyite Socialist Workers Party when it was shilling for the Khomeini regime during the Iran hostage crisis.
|
|
A community of about 38,000 inhabitants on the outskirts of Paris, it voted overwhelmingly for Mr. Mélenchon, a former Trotskyite, who finished fourth.
|
|
"In Seattle the NIMBYist-Trotskyite alliance is the default political alignment," says Alan Durning, executive director of the Sightline Institute, a local think-tank.
|
|
Kristol, a Trotskyite-turned-antiliberal intellectual, was at first repelled by the emerging populism of the 1970s, much of it tied to the religious right.
|
|
A red-diaper baby and would-be writer who rejects his parents' Trotskyite stringencies, Thaddeus has fallen in love with Grace Cornell, an aspiring artist.
|
|
And Archie Goldman, first seen in "Cousin Joseph," has become a detective — his partner is his Trotskyite mom — whose tough exterior hides a nest of neuroses.
|
|
The head of the Policy Unit, Munira Mirza, is a former member of the Revolutionary Communist Party, a Trotskyite groupuscule, and enthusiastic contributor to its house organ, Living Marxism.
|
|
Babel was arrested in 1939 and convicted the following year of being a Trotskyite, terrorist, and spy; he was executed after renouncing an earlier confession to crimes he didn't commit.
|
|
The group eventually merged with a gay-friendly Trotskyite organization in New York called the Spartacist League, which offered Weinstein a leadership position, requiring him to move back to the East Coast.
|
|
Against the Trotskyite view of Stalin as a Georgian bandit chief, Kalder argues that Stalin was actually a big thinker and a good writer, capable of popularizing Marx in ways Lenin could not.
|
|
They include a humorless working-class Communist painter (Emond); a one-eyed Trotskyite (Esper); a gay dilettante (Urie, in the show's most affecting performance) and a self-dramatizing analysand actress (a miscast Grace Gummer).
|
|
For the sociologist Jean-Pierre Le Goff, the women of May '68 were restricted to roles as secretaries and helpmeets to men, "consigned to tending to the Maoist and Trotskyite male warriors" of the uprising.
|
|
The third was the Militant Tendency, a group of Trotskyite infiltrators who, in Labour's name, won control of the Liverpool City Council and tried, almost always without success, to undermine mainstream Labour members of Parliament.
|
|
Age: 65 Party: Rebellious France (La France Insoumise) Political positioning: hard left Mr. Mélenchon, a onetime Trotskyite and former Socialist politician, left the Socialist Party in 2008 to create the Left Party, backed by the Communist Party.
|
|
Eight other candidates are running for president, but only three are expected to surpass the 1.5 percent vote threshold in the August primaries required to compete in October: centrist Roberto Lavagna, conservative José Luis Espert and Trotskyite Nicolás del Caño.
|
|
In this campaign, however, in which the left is split among several candidates, Mr. Mélenchon, a former Trotskyite and longtime Socialist senator before breaking ranks, has more YouTube followers than any rival and a league of active online supporters eager to jump on critics.
|
|
In a country already nervous about the game-changing economic reforms Mr. Macron is proposing, both Ms. Le Pen of the National Front and Jean-Luc Mélenchon, an ex-Trotskyite with ties to the Communist Party, will now have a powerful national platform to denounce them.
|
|
It followed a panel where one guest blasted CNN's Wednesday town hall in Parkland on gun violence as a "Trotskyite show trial," as well as a fiery speech by NRA spokeswoman Dana Loesch, who blasted the FBI for failing to heed warning signs before Parkland and the media for exploiting such tragedies.
|
|
Burnham, a Trotskyite turned conservative, identified a new group at the heart of Western society: a managerial elite that was engaged in a ruthless drive for dominance not only against the traditional business elite (which it accused of being selfish) but also against the unwashed masses (which it accused of being the slaves of atavistic emotions such as nationalism).
|
|
Mr. Somburu evolved from a high school dropout named Paul Boutelle, who sold the Great Books of the Western World series door to door and voted for the straight Republican ticket in 1956, into a public school teacher who adopted the name of a Kenyan tribe and embraced a Trotskyite scientific socialism forged in anti-imperialism and class-conscious black nationalism.
|
|
A Trotskyist can be called a "Trotskyite" or "Trot", especially by a critic of Trotskyism.Collins Dictionary and Thesaurus (1993).
|
|
Whilst Segundo and Turner became Communist Party leaders, De la Rosa did not join the new party and drifted in a Trotskyite direction.
|
|
On 26 May 1953 Dufek was sentenced to 25 years imprisonment, having been denounced as a 'Trotskyite'. He was released from jail in 1955.
|
|
5,350 workers of Renault's Boulogne-Billancourt plant went on strike in April 1947, catching the CGT by surprise. By the end of 28 April 12,000 workers were out. At first, Hénaff tried to suppress the movement, calling the leaders "Gaullist-Trotskyite Anarchists" and "Hitlero-Trotskyite provocateurs in the pay of de Gaulle." As the strike escalated, he was forced to swing round in support of the strikers.
|
|
Agartala: Lokayata Chetana Bikash Society, 2001. pp. 20–21 They also did not embrace Trotskyism, although they shared some Trotskyite critiques of the leadership of Joseph Stalin.
|
|
In 1925, she married Grigori Sokolnikov, a leading opponent of the Trotskyite left, who joined the opposition only briefly in 1926. They had a daughter, Geliana, born in 1934.
|
|
Mary Low organized a women's POUM militia. She also edited Spanish Revolution, an English language POUM newspaper. Soon after, Low fled to Cuba. Female Stalinists actively participated in POUM and Trotskyite purges in Barcelona.
|
|
Avrich, Russian Anarchists, p. 199. In the late 1920s, Rayevsky is reported to have been arrested for printing a Trotskyite publication.Avrich, Russian Anarchists, p. 244. Rayevsky died of a heart attack in Moscow in 1931.
|
|
In the New Statesman during 2015, Marr expressed the opinion that the new Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn may be electable and that Conservative leaders recognise this. Marr wrote, "Here and now, in 2015, we know diddly- squat." At that time Marr considered a Labour election victory under Corbyn unlikely.New Statesman (London) 17 September 2015 Between revolution and reform: the challenge facing Jeremy Corbyn On the BBC's This Week on 16 May 2019, George Galloway said "I knew Andrew Marr when he was a Trotskyite selling Trotskyite newspapers to bewildered railwaymen outside King's Cross Station".
|
|
Following the adoption of this code, Toumi presided over the Association for Equality between Men and Women, founded by a group of Trotskyite militants. In 1985, Toumi co-founded and became a member of the executive committee of the Algerian League of Human Rights. She later distanced herself from the Trotskyite militants and in 1990 founded the Independent Association for the Triumph of Women's Rights. Toumi staunchly opposed Islamist ideology and endorsed cancellation of the January 1992 legislative elections, which the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) was poised to win.
|
|
"" On August 4, in 1938, he was arrested in the Trotskyite case. He was released on June 16, 1941 due to the dismissal of the case (reference number 89 of the UNKVD in the Rostov Region dated 06.16.1941).
|
|
Milius' activities within the Communist Party put a strain on her relationship with her husband, who was a Trotskyite, opposed to the Communist Party. Within two years the couple had separated and Milius moved back to New York.
|
|
Ter-Vaganyan, 1925 Vagarshak Arutyunovich Ter-Vaganyan (, 1893–1936) was an Armenian communist party leader who was one of the first victims of Joseph Stalin's Great Purge. Ter-Vaganyan was one of sixteen Soviet intellectuals who stood as defendants during the Moscow Show Trials.Moscow Trials: Organization by the United Trotskyite-Zinovievite Centre of Terroristic Acts Against Comrades Voroshilov, Zhdanov, Kaganovich, Kossior, Orjonikidze and Postyshev, August 19, 1936. Marxists.org. He was accused of being part of the Trotskyite- Zinovievite centre which allegedly prepared terrorist acts against Stalin, Klim Voroshilov, Andrei Zhdanov, Lazar Kaganovich, Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Stanislav Kosior, and Pavel Postyshev.
|
|
My job (with the Institute) is interesting. After it, I work for the Bulletin and other (Trotskyite) matters which keep me up until one o'clock at night. At seven in the morning I am up again . . . I need no Sundays, no respite.
|
|
Finally, a handful of minuscule parties were organized but had little chance of being able to compete in elections. These tended to be either on the extreme left, such as the Trotskyite Fraction movement (a splinter from the PPP), or on the extreme right.
|
|
Kamenka/Tay 1970, pg. 73. Pashukanis, after publishing many self-criticisms, was eventually denounced as a "trotskyite saboteur" in 1937 and executed in September 1937. Pashukanis was posthumously rehabilitated in 1957, although his theories were not adopted by mainstream Soviet jurisprudence at that time.
|
|
Lefort studied at the Sorbonne.Alan D. Schrift (2006), Twentieth-Century French Philosophy: Key Themes And Thinkers, Blackwell Publishing, p. 154. He became a Marxist in his youth under the influence of his teacher, Maurice Merleau-Ponty. From 1944, he belonged to the small French Trotskyite.
|
|
They returned to the Soviet Union and found themselves in opposition to Trofim Lysenko. He was arrested on May 27, 1936 along with Nikolai Vavilov. He was shot as a Trotskyite on March 10, 1937. The Supreme Court of the USSR rehabilitated him on May 25, 1957.
|
|
The idea of freedom in all forms was extremely important to Pool. As a young man, Pool was a devout Trotskyite, though he quickly became disillusioned with this form of politics after seeing people's ideals used to take away the freedom for which they had initially fought.
|
|
In 1980, shortly after Akerman resigned from the Nova Scotia NDP leadership, the provincial executive expelled MacEwan from the party after he criticised party executive member Dennis Theman for having written an article advocating the reading of "Forward for the NDP and Socialism", a publication MacEwan considered Trotskyite.
|
|
The pupil determined to be the leader, in the ninth grade, and another child were arrested, along with one teacher. Each was later sentenced.Natalia Mussienko and Alexander Vatlin, (2005) pp. 168-169 In 1936, the NKVD determined that among the teachers was a "counter-revolutionary, fascist-Trotskyite group".
|
|
Their major crime was being Trotskyites. It was only during the 1950s and 1960s that some of those women involved with POUM and Trotskyite purged began to re-evaluate their role in them; their change of hearts only occurred after Stalinist Communism lost its prestige among leftist circles.
|
|
Their major crime was being Trotskyites. It was only during the 1950s and 1960s that some of those women involved with POUM and Trotskyite purged began to re-evaluate their role in them; their change of hearts only occurred after Stalinist Communism lost its prestige among leftist circles.
|
|
In later years Gee's political views altered; he became an anti-communist, supporting the Vietnam War and the nationalists in Taiwan. His publications included a memoir, Comrade Roberts: Recollections of a Trotskyite (2006); a novel, A Maid from Heaven (1966); and a non-fiction work, The Saving of South Vietnam (1972).
|
|
Further, the newspaper accused Malamuth of close association with the "Trotskyite Max Eastman" and of Isaac Don Levine. Further, his visitors in Paris included ex-CP members Jay Lovestone and Benjamin Gitlow. Further, he was known to have visited the US Embassy in Paris weekly (i.e., implying that he was an American spy).
|
|
I am not a Trotskyite. I was never a > member of the "right-winger and Trotskyite bloc", which I did not know to > exist. Nor have I committed a single one of the crimes imputed to me, > personally; and in particular I am not guilty of having maintained relations > with the German Secret Service. The following day, he made a total reversal of his position: > Yesterday, under the influence of a momentary keen feeling of false shame, > evoked by the atmosphere of the dock and the painful impression created by > the public reading of the indictment, which was aggravated by my poor > health, I could not bring myself to tell the truth, I could not bring myself > to say that I was guilty.
|
|
The result is a copious bibliography of essays where the ghost of saints and devils of Argentina's turbulent 1800s comes to life in a unique fashion, one that perhaps Franco only shares with Ezequiel Martínez Estrada. > "Here´s a pagan poet who loves life and sings to life because it finds > beauty her delightful expression of love" Leopoldo Lugones, 1923 Soon Franco will emerge as a political writer, one seriously committed to the cause of communism. He was a Marxist of Trotskyite tendencies, co-founder of the political party known as Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) in 1982. Franco also contributed in the 1950s to the Magazine Estrategia next to relevant figures of the local Trotskyite scene such as Perelman, Gallo, Milcíades Peña and Nahuel Moreno.
|
|
Jackson: Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2015, pp. 72–73. Indeed, his relations with the party turned violent; Wright was threatened at knife point by fellow-traveler co-workers, denounced as a Trotskyite in the street by strikers, and physically assaulted by former comrades when he tried to join them during the 1936 May Day march.
|
|
The list included Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev ;July 29: Classified letter from the Politburo On terrorist actions of Trotsky-Zinoviev group. The letter stepped up the propaganda campaign against "Trotskyists". ;August 19 - August 24: Trial of the "Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Center". Among the sixteen sentenced to death were Zinoviev, Kamenev, Ter- Vaganyan, and Smirnov.
|
|
After an extensive period of incarceration and interrogation, Stomonyakov was found guilty of being a member of a "counterrevolutionary Trotskyite organization" and spying for Germany and Poland and was sentenced to death. He was executed on October 16, 1940. Stomonyakov was posthumously rehabilitated by the Soviet government for a wrongful conviction and execution in 1988.
|
|
George worked as a translator in the Soviet Union during the regime of Joseph Stalin. In 1938 George was arrested as a political dissident due to his Trotskyite sympathies. Upon hearing of George's arrest, Louis travelled to Moscow, but was unable to find his son before his visa expired. George died in prison in 1939.
|
|
In 1938–39 at Louisiana State University, Schanck befriended Dr. Thomas A. Cowan, Professor of law, (later at Rutgers University and the University of Pennsylvania), and they remained friends until Schanck's death. Another notable friend at Louisiana State University was Duncan Ferguson, art and sculpture teacher at Louisiana State University. Ferguson credited Schanck for turning him into a Trotskyite.
|
|
In its immediate aftermath, vanguard movements such as Suprematism and Vladimir Tatlin's Constructivism were encouraged by Trotskyite factions in the government. Malevich held several prominent teaching positions and received a solo show at the Sixteenth State Exhibition in Moscow in 1919. His recognition spread to the West with solo exhibitions in Warsaw and Berlin in 1927.
|
|
He was a politician, a Trotskyite, a revolutionary,John, S. Sándor (2009), p. 77Dunkerley, James (1987) Rebelión en las venas. La Paz, Plural, p. 41 a university lecturer at the Universidad Técnica de Oruro and the Universidad Mayor de San AndrésBarrón Feraudi, Jorge (1963) Esbozo Monográfico de la Facultad de, Economía. 1938- Año de las Bodas de Plata - 1963.
|
|
Wolf Gordin arrived in the United States in January 1926. From this point on, the existing biographical information is highly incomplete. The historian Paul Avrich writes that after his 1925 arrest, Wolf Gordin "fled to America and became, mirabile dictu, a Protestant missionary", attributing this to "a reliable source". Others allege that he became a Trotskyite.
|
|
Her work involved further translations into German of Lenin's writings. However, as she later recalled, the institute at that time was controlled by David Riazanov and a Menshevik-Trotskyite clique. The Soviet political leadership by this stage was increasingly divided between the backers of Stalin and those whom Stalin perceived - in many cases correctly - as potential rivals for power.
|
|
Many hundred German political refugees from Nazism were arrested and accused of Trotskyite sympathies. Some were shot. Some were sent to labour camps and/or banished to remote regions of the Soviet Unions for many years. Oelßner experienced the period as an unemployed refugee in Moscow, supporting himself as best he could with freelance translating and writing.
|
|
Semyon Turovsky (Russian, Семён Абрамович Туровский; 1895 – July 1, 1937) was a Soviet corps commander. He was born in what is now Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast in northern Ukraine. He fought for the Bolsheviks against the White movement during the Russian Civil War. During the Great Purge, he was denounced by Dmitry Shmidt as being a member of a Trotskyite conspiracy.
|
|
The return of peronism exacerbated political tensions in Argentina, and there was an outbreak of violence between factions. In 1973 members of Perón's government organized the Triple A, a right-wing death squad. Among its estimated 600 murder victims was Frondizi's brother, Law Professor Silvio Frondizi, who had served as chief counsel to the Trotskyite ERP. He was killed in 1974.
|
|
Kork initially denied the charges but signed a confession on 18 May. The confession stated that Avel Enukidze had involved him in a "rightist conspiracy" connected to Vitovt Putna and Vitaly Primakov's "Trotskyite group". Four days later, Robert Eideman was arrested for signing Kork's party recommendation. After the arrest of Ieronim Uborevich on 29 May, Kork had a confrontation session with him.
|
|
283–84 In 2007, in response to criticism from historian Ron Radosh, a former Trotskyite who now writes for the conservative National Review — Seeger wrote a song condemning Stalin, "Big Joe Blues":Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, p. 422. > I'm singing about old Joe, cruel Joe. He ruled with an iron hand. He put an > end to the dreams Of so many in every land.
|
|
Unaware that his friend Berzin had been shot as a "Trotskyite" in July 1938, Sorge sent him a letter in October 1938: > Dear Comrade! Don't worry about us. Although we are terribly tired and > tense, nevertheless we are disciplined, obedient, decisive and devoted > fellows who are ready to carry out the tasks connected with our great > mission. I send sincere greetings to you and your friends.
|
|
Following the Second World War, Trotskyism was wracked by increasing internal divisions over analysis and strategy. This was combined with an industrial impotence that was widely recognised. Additionally, the success of Soviet- aligned parties in Europe and Asia led to the persecution of Trotskyite intellectuals such as the infamous purge of Vietnamese Trotskyists. The war had also strained social democratic parties in the West.
|
|
The April Fifth Action Group was formed on the basis of the Trotskyite vanguard party Revolutionary Marxist League which was disbanded in 1990. Legislative Council members "Longhair" Leung Kwok-hung and Leung Yiu-chung were the founding members of the April Fifth Action Group. The group believes that without a democratic China, it would be impossible to have a democratic Hong Kong.Wing- kai Chiu, Stephen.
|
|
In 1997 he was re-elected to the NEC, beating Mandelson to the position. Livingstone continued his association with members of Trotskyite group Socialist Action, with the group's leader John Ross becoming his most important adviser, teaching him about economics. Investing in an advanced £25,000 computer, he and Ross used the machine to undertake complex economic analysis, on the basis of which they began publishing the Socialist Economic Bulletin in 1990.
|
|
The Revolutionary Socialist Party ( or RSP) was a Dutch socialist political party, that has been variously characterized as Trotskyite and syndicalist. In 1935 it merged with the Independent Socialist Party (OSP) to form the Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (, RSAP), but most of the former OSP members left the united party the same year. Henk Sneevliet was the RSP/RSAP's undisputed leader throughout its existence, as well as its only Representative.
|
|
In November 1935 she participated in an "Erich Mühsam memorial event". In February 1936 Erich Mühsam's papers arrived in Moscow and were handed over to the Soviet authorities. Zenzl decided to remain in Moscow for another year to oversee their transfer to the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute. On 8 April or 23 April 1936 she was arrested, however, accused of "counter-revolutionary Trotskyite activities", and taken into Moscow's Lubyanka jail.
|
|
Central to this campaign were the Moscow Trials, a series of show trials of the purged top leaders of the party and the military. In 1936, as the trials proceeded, Khrushchev expressed his vehement support: > Everyone who rejoices in the successes achieved in our country, the > victories of our party led by the great Stalin, will find only one word > suitable for the mercenary, fascist dogs of the Trotskyite-Zinovievite gang.
|
|
He was expelled from the party for belonging to the "Trotskyite-Zinovievite" bloc but was reinstated in 1928 after he renounced Trotskyism, and became Deputy head of Heavy Industries. He was appointed Chairman of the Board of the Soviet State Bank in 1929 and held the position for a year. In 1936, he was again accused of anti-party and anti-Soviet activity and expelled from the party.
|
|
Charles Malamuth (November 9, 1899 – July 14, 1965) was an American journalist, writer, and translator known as an "expert in Slavic languages," "Russian expert," and anticommunist. His best known over the years as translator is Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence by Leon Trotsky (1941) for which Soviet communists attacked him as a Trotskyite in the 1940s and Trotskyites attacked him as an anticommunist in the 2010s.
|
|
Communist Soviet sources produced polemical pamphlets in 1930, an encyclopedic article in 1933, and most seriously in 1938 "monstrous accusations" accusing Baháʼís of being 'closely linked with the leaders of Trotskyite-Bukharinist and Dashnak-Musavat bands'. Following this numerous arrests and oppression of the religion, Baháʼís across the Soviet Union were being sent to prisons and camps or sent abroad. Baháʼí communities in 38 cities across Soviet territories ceased to exist.
|
|
Selina Margaret Perera (née Peiris) (1909 – 1986) was a Sri Lankan socialist and trotskyite. She was a founding member of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) and party secretary. She was married to Dr N. M. Perera, who became the leader of the LSSP. Born Selina Margaret Peiris to a wealthy family in Badulla, she was educated in the Catholic Convent school and at the Musaeus College in Colombo.
|
|
ATM stemmed from the Chicano movement while IWK was a product of Asian movements. Realizing the importance of communist unity, ATM and IWK moved towards resolving their differences. Both being opposed to Trotskyite revisionists and dedicated to the working class and oppressed nationality movements, ATM and IWK shared many similarities. As a result, after a year and a half of discussions over ideological and political ideologies, the two organizations merged.
|
|
Next came the psychological novella Khogais Mindia (ხოგაის მინდია, 1937), yet another appeal in classical Georgian literature to this Khevsur myth. Beria was critical of these works, though. Soon Gamsakhurdia was arrested for an affair with Lida Gasviani, a young charming Trotskyite director of the State Publishing House, but interrogated and released by Beria who told him ironically that sexual relations with enemies of the people were permitted.
|
|
Stomonyakov was arrested on 17 December 1938. He was found guilty by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR of participating in a counterrevolutionary Trotskyite organization which spied on behalf of Germany and Poland and sentenced to death. Stomonyakov was executed on 16 October 1940. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1988, during the period of perestroika and critical reexamination of the abuses and crimes of the Soviet past.
|
|
Monte Chingolo was founded on 23 November 1815 by Juan Manuel de Rosas. The settlement was the site of Las Higueritas, the first recorded abattoir in Argentina. The town grew following the opening of a Ferrocarril Provincial de Buenos Aires station in 1927, and it became the site of numerous abattoirs and other industrial establishments. The Battalion 601 Arsenal at Monte Chingolo was besieged on 23 December 1975 by the ERP, a Trotskyite guerrilla group.
|
|
There he taught English at Saint John's University, Shanghai to spy on a Trotskyite whose arguments in fact began to convince him. Crook proceeded to Chengdu and was there when it was bombed by the Japanese. While there he met his future wife, Isabel Brown, daughter of Canadian missionaries."Spain to China – Agent to Educator (1938–41)," Crook, Hampstead Heath to Tiananamen Hitler's invasion of Russia in June 1941 ended this fling with Trotskyism.
|
|
On March 2007 he was accepted as graduate student at Vanderbilt University. Levi-Lazzaris has published articles ranging from political reviews in Trotskyite periodicals to scientific reviews and governamental reports. He has also translated books. Levi-Lazzaris developed his doctoral research in Roraima among the Ninam Indians, a Yanomamo subgroup,NINAM ETHNOARCHAEOLOGY AND INDIGENOUS RIGHTS - Yanomami e Ye'kuana manifestam seu pesar pelo falecimento do antropologo Luis Fernando Pereira developing ethnoarchaeological studies in the Uraricoera valley.
|
|
The party was founded by Paul MacEwan, who had been an NDP member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly for ten years, 1970 to 1980. MacEwan was kicked out of the NDP in 1980, after allegedly calling party executive Dennis Theman a Trotskyite. MacEwan ran as an independent, in the 1981 election and was re-elected by a strong margin. He took this as a mandate to set up a rival party.
|
|
Kaldenberg was born in a working-class Mormon family in a small California town in the Mojave Desert. As a teenager he was associated with the Young Socialist Alliance, a Trotskyite organization.Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival and White Separatism, By Mattias Gardell, page 177 Enrolling in a Job Corps training programme in Salt Lake City in the 1970s, Kaldenberg became "aware of racial realities" after having fights with blacks and Muslims.
|
|
Thomas was raised in a rural community in northern California; his father was a sheep-shearer and farmer. He supported himself through college in a variety of jobs, including milking cows and driving a school bus. Although his parents were committed Mormons, Thomas considered himself an atheist. While at the University of California at Berkeley, Thomas was introduced to the political philosophy of socialism and considered himself a Trotskyite for the rest of his life.
|
|
Die Stalinisierung der KPD in der Weimarer Republik. vol 2. Frankfurt/Main 1969, p. 65 However, when the Leninbund itself broke apart in a pattern that mirrored the conflict between Stalin and Trotsky that had played out in Moscow a couple of years earlier, Backenecker was one of those who followed Anton Grylewicz away from the Leninbund, and she became the leader of the Trotskyite Left wing opposition to the Communist Party in Hamborn.
|
|
The motive of the murder was revenge for Markelov's prior work as a lawyer in the interests of Trotskyite activists. The murder suspects were arrested, and were reported to have confessed. In May 2011, Tikhonov was sentenced to life imprisonment, and Khasis was sentenced to 18 years in prison. FSB director Alexander Bortnikov reported to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev that the radical group in question committed a murder on ethnic grounds in September 2009 and was preparing another one.
|
|
Stalin could not forgive Mdivani for his defiance and Mdivani became one of the first victims of the Great Purges. He was removed from his post and excluded from the party in late 1936. In May 1937, Mdivani was accused by Beria of having founded the "Trotskyite Centre for Espionage, Sabotage and Terrorism" with the aim to kill Beria and bring down the Soviet government. In July he was arrested and tried by the NKVD troika.
|
|
It was given to the publisher of "Libération" via the offices of Jean- Paul Sartre,Giotopoulos the son of renowned Greek Trotskyite , Cyprus Mail, 20 July 2002. but was not published. After subsequent attacks, 17N usually sent a communique to the Eleftherotypia newspaper. The group argued in its communiques that it wanted to rid Greece of U.S. bases, to remove the Turkish military from Cyprus, and to sever Greece's ties to NATO and the European Union.
|
|
In 1936, it was Brenner who sent a telegram from New York to Diego Rivera asking him to use his influence to find Leon Trotsky a safe haven in Mexico. Trotsky had been in exile for nine years, and Norway was in the process of expelling him. Brenner, on behalf of the Trotskyite Fourth International, asked Rivera to assist in the crisis and secure asylum. Rivera immediately contacted President Lázaro Cárdenas and secured the necessary agreement.
|
|
As in the Moscow show trials of the late 1930s, the defendants admitted guilt in court and requested a death sentence. Slánský was found guilty of "Trotskyite-Titoist-Zionist activities in the service of American imperialism." He was publicly hanged at Pankrác Prison on 3 December 1952.Brent, Jonathan and Naumov, Vladimir P., Stalin's Last Crime, John Murray (Publishers), London, 2003, page 191 His body was cremated, and the ashes were scattered on an icy road outside of Prague.
|
|
The focus was on traditionalism and hierarchy.Joseph M. Flora, Lucinda Hardwick MacKethan, and Todd W. Taylor, The Companion to Southern Literature: Themes, Genres, Places, People, Movements, and Motifs (2001) Numerous former Communist or Trotskyite writers repudiated the Left in the 1930s or 1940s and embraced conservatism, becoming contributors to National Review in the 1950s. They included Max Eastman (1883–1969), John Dos Passos (1896–1970), Whittaker Chambers (1901–1961), Will Herberg (1901–1977), and James Burnham (1905–1987).
|
|
During 1923 she was sent to study at the Party Academy in Jena. From 1925, still at this stage based in Cologne, she was employed as an editor in the party's large press section. In 1926 she became a member of the party's Trotskyite Leftwing Opposition movement, although she would remain a member of the mainstream Communist Party through the fragmentation of the later 1920s. Between 1927 and 1929 she worked on the Arbeiterzeitung ('Workers' Newspaper') in Aachen.
|
|
In Hudson & Hanratty. The trend toward reform, however, could not be halted, and a number of new groups gained control of the Congress during Peñaranda's presidency. These groups, although very different in their ideological outlooks, agreed on the need to change the status quo. They included the Trotskyite Revolutionary Workers Party (Partido Obrero Revolucionario, POR), which had already been formed in 1934, as well as the Bolivian Socialist Falange (Falange Socialista Boliviana, FSB), founded in 1937 and patterned on the Spanish Falange.
|
|
In 1936, she began doctoral studies, supervised by I.M. Reisner. Antonova married Vladimir Turok-Popov, a historian of modern Europe. Following her mother's arrest, she was treated as a family member of traitors to the Motherland and exiled to Siberia in 1937. She along with Reisner had been denounced by the Indian communist Abani Mukherji as a Trotskyite and an enemy of the people; her critiques of his publications added to the spread of mass repression, in which Mukherji perished.
|
|
In January 1965, Sukarno, under pressure from PKI, banned the Murba Party. Murba was a Trotskyite party whose ideology was antagonistic to PKI's orthodox line of Marxism. ABC report discussing Sukarno's political context for Konfrontasi Tensions between the military and communists increased in April 1965, when PKI chairman Aidit called for the formation of a "fifth armed force" consisting of armed peasants and labour. Sukarno approved this idea and publicly called for the immediate formation of such a force on 17 May 1965.
|
|
As his flight through north Africa resulted in his arrival in Spain just in time to join the Trotskyite faction in the first year of the Spanish civil war other reasons may have existed. He noted in later life that the external supporters of the Republican cause had no motivation to arm or supply this faction and indeed was in fear for his life from both Stalinist and Fascist agents by the time he fled to France about a year later.
|
|
The Labour Party selected as its candidate Douglas Jay, a 39-year-old economist who had been a financial journalist, a Fellow of All Souls and then (from 1941) a civil servant. The Conservative Party candidate was B.A. Shattock, while the Liberal Party did not field a candidate. The third candidate was 38-year-old Trotskyite and adult education tutor, Hugo Dewar of the Independent Labour Party (ILP). He had joined the ILP in 1928, and in 1930 co-founded the Marxist League.
|
|
Over the first two or three years many of the syndicalists joined the communist movement, including leaders such as Alfred Rosmer and Pierre Monatte. Later the syndicalists became disillusioned with the control exerted by Moscow over the party, and the Trotskyite purges. Marie Guillot founded a new "unitary" confederation of teachers, with its first confederal Congress held at Saint-Étienne in June 1922. Marie Guillot took an intermediate position in the continuum of revolutionary syndicalism, while recognizing the merits of the Soviet Revolution.
|
|
After these elections the party received more opposition from the Dutch government: civil servants were forbidden to be member of NAS or the RSAP and prominent members of the RSAP were persecuted for insulting 'friendly heads of state' like Hitler. The communist CPN which had gained strength after several purges, also campaigned strongly against the "trotskyite counterrevolutionary sect". Strong arm squads of the CPN attacked several prominent RSAP-members. Finally Trotsky and Sneevliet entered in an ideological conflict, cutting the RSAP off from its international contacts.
|
|
During the later parts of the war and at its conclusion, some women from POUM were coerced into making false confessions in Moscow courtrooms, and then sent to Soviet prisons. Their major crime was being Trotskyites. It was only during the 1950s and 1960s that some of those women involved with POUM and Trotskyite purged began to re-evaluate their role in them; their change of hearts only occurred after Stalinist Communism lost its prestige among leftist circles. Many of those affiliated with POUM went into exile.
|
|
Serebryakov became head of the Central Administration of Highways and Automobile Transport administration in 1931, and first deputy head from August 1935, and unlike many former oppositionists, it seems he avoided coming under any suspicion. Nevertheless he was named during the first of the Moscow Trials in August 1936 as a member of the supposed Trotskyite Terrorist Centre, and arrested. While he was under arrest, his prosecutor Andrey Vyshinsky misappropriated his house and money.Raider Vyshinsky by Novaya Gazeta Galina was also arrested and exiled.
|
|
Thereafter its analysis and reports went directly to the GKO > and the Politburo, apparently even bypassing the Red Army Staff.Leonard, > Secret Soldiers of the Revolution, p. 7. The first head of the 4th Directorate was Yan Karlovich Berzin, who remained in the post from March 1924 until April 1935 (subsequently, in 1938, he was arrested and executed as a Trotskyite). The military intelligence was known in the Soviet government for its fierce independence from the rival "internal intelligence organizations", such as the NKVD, later the KGB.
|
|
Gusev's wife Feodosia, was a party member from 1902, who played an active part in the 1905 revolution, and worked for the Foreign Literature publishing house after the revolution. Their daughter, Elizaveta Drabkina (1901-1974), was born in Brussels, where she lived to the age of five. At the age of 16, she was secretary to Yakov Sverdlov, one of the most powerful men in Soviet Russia. In 1926, in contrast to her father, she joined the Trotskyite opposition, and was expelled from the CPSU in 1928.
|
|
Smilga was arrested on the night of 1–2 January 1935, in the wake of Kirov's assassination, and sentenced to five years imprisonment. He was held for months in an isolator in Verkhneuralsk. At the first of three Moscow show trials, in August 1936, the lead defendant Grigory Zinoviev named Smilga as having been implicated in the 'Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Centre'. It later emerged in Trotsky's letters that Zinoviev and trotskyists had indeed formed a secret alliance, but there was no evidence of terrorist activity in them.
|
|
Both Soviet and Iranian governments produced trumped up charges against the religion as an excuse to pursue a violent oppression of the religion. In the case of the Soviets in 1938 "monstrous accusations" accusing Baháʼís of being 'closely linked with the leaders of Trotskyite-Bukharinist and Dashnak-Musavat bands'. Following this numerous arrests and oppression of the religion, Baháʼís across the Soviet Union were being sent to prisons and camps or sent abroad. Baháʼí communities in 38 cities across Soviet territories ceased to exist.
|
|
Accessed October 12, 2009. He later joked that he was charged with holding "two revolvers and two poems". Not long after the 1967 riots, Baraka generated controversy when he went on the radio with a Newark police captain and Anthony Imperiale, a politician and private business owner, and the three of them blamed the riots on "white-led, so-called radical groups" and "Communists and the Trotskyite persons".Ronald Porambo, No Cause for Indictment; An Autopsy of Newark, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971.
|
|
The plan, criticized as a rehashed "Austral Plan" by the CGT, called for budget cuts and renewed wage freezes - policies they blamed for sliding living standards. Initially successful, a record drought late in the year buffeted critical export earnings and led to rolling blackouts, dissipating any gains Angeloz might have made from the "relief" of 6% monthly inflation. A perennial third-party candidate, conservative economist Álvaro Alsogaray, made gains following the January 1989 assault by Trotskyite militants on the La Tablada Barracks, west of Buenos Aires.
|
|
Slutsky's illegals in Great Britain, Arnold Deutsch and Theodore Maly, were responsible for recruiting and developing the infamous Cambridge Five. In August 1936, he participated in concocting the evidence used in the first Moscow Trial, the so-called "Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Centre." The task of extracting false confessions from Sergei Mrachkovsky and Ivan Smirnov fell to him. The voluble Slutsky described his methods for "breaking-down" these Old Bolsheviks to his subordinates, Alexander Orlov and Walter Krivitsky, who subsequently recounted these episodes in their memoirs.
|
|
The varying political parties during this period on the left would all work with each other and, in the latter stages of the war, against each other. The PCE would often be at the center of much of this, trying to attract support for their Stalinist Communism ideology from various left-wing factions. When they were not trying to directly collaborate, crossover in membership would see many communist women involved in other organizations. Female Stalinists actively participated in POUM and Trotskyite purges in Barcelona.
|
|
Between 1948 and 1950, Crüger served as the second secretary of the regional Communist Party for Württemberg. In December 1950 he was excluded from the party, however. Sources suggest that this may have been in connection with his adherence to Strasserism twenty years earlier. It is also possible that party bosses objected to Crüger's friendship with Erich Wollenberg who had managed to escape from Moscow in 1938 despite being summarily identified by the Soviet party authorities as a Trotskyite and enemy of the people.
|
|
In 1929 former members of both the Revolutionary Socialist Union and the Socialist Party founded the Revolutionary Socialist Party. Both parties opposed both the reformist social- democracy of the SDAP and the CPH. A leading person in the foundation was Henk Sneevliet, a prominent former member of CPH and an associate of Leon Trotsky. The Central Intelligence Service, the Dutch secret service at the time, attributed the foundation of the RSP to Sneevliets personal need for power and glory, from which he was blocked in the CPH which distrusted the "trotskyite" Sneevliet.
|
|
Judgment Day is the most overtly political of the Studs Lonigan novels, Earlier installments of the trilogy seemed to blame most of Studs' failures on a combination of Irish Catholic culture and Studs' own foolishness. Judgment Day concentrates more on the devastation and suffering caused by the Great Depression, and reflects Trotskyite author James T. Farrell's belief that capitalism itself is responsible for the travails of families like the Lonigans. The novel also demonstrates Farrell's frustration with working class Irishmen. To Farrell, it seems obvious that a socialist revolution is called for.
|
|
To widespread surprise, the Labour Party led by wartime Deputy Prime Minister Clement Attlee won a landslide victory over popular war leader Winston Churchill at the 1945 general election, and implemented their social democratic programme. They established the NHS, nationalised some industries (for example, coal mining), and created a welfare state. The CPGB also grew on the back of Stalinist successes in Eastern Europe and China, and recorded their best-ever result, with two MPs elected (one in London and another in Fife). The Trotskyite Revolutionary Communist Party collapsed.
|
|
"Eaton 2012. In a brief review in The Independent, Arifa Akbar highlighted that although Chomsky's claims regarding class war carried with them "the ring of an old Marxist manifesto", the notion that we ourselves need to change in order to allow the state to change was "very contemporary".Akbar 2012. British Trotskyite publication, the Socialist Review, praised Chomsky's discussion of the impact of neoliberalism in the US, however they asserted that "when it comes to crucial questions - how do we fight and what are we fighting for - Chomsky's response is lacking.
|
|
In July 2020, McCluskey said he would stand down in 2021, with an early election to select a new general secretary. The United Left faction held a primary to decide which candidate to support in the election, considering two assistant general secretaries: Howard Beckett and Steve Turner. Beckett has been endorsed by the blog The Skwawkbox and the former general secretary of the Labour Party Jennie Formby. Turner was a member of the Trotskyite Militant group in the Labour Party, but remained in Labour when many Militant members left to form the Socialist Party.
|
|
There, together with Vasyl Poraiko, Holubenko, Tytar, Tyrchuk, Volodymyr Lohinov and Pleskachevsky, he was charged with directing activities of a secret Trotskist center in Ukraine (Ukrainian Trotskyite Opposition) at the behest of Georgy Pyatakov.International Trotskyist Tendencies On March 8, 1937 he was convicted by the Collegiate of the Soviet Supreme Court and executed by firing squad later the same day. In December 1955 he was rehabilitated. There exist the Letter without envelope to Kotsiubynsky from Serhiy Okhrymenko in which the Ukrainian scientist blames him in bloody crimes against his own people.
|
|
This time the charges including forming a terrorist organization that allegedly killed Kirov and tried to kill Stalin and other leaders of the Soviet government. This Trial of the Sixteen (or the trial of the "Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Center") was one of the Moscow Show Trials, and it set the stage for subsequent show trials. Old Bolsheviks were forced to confess increasingly elaborate and monstrous crimes, including espionage, poisoning, sabotage, and so on. Like other defendants, Kamenev was found guilty and executed by firing squad on 25 August 1936.
|
|
After the left wing lost several congresses in 1972, they started organizing themselves as the Thursday Club. Thursday Club's name came from the 40 left-wing delegates who met on a Thursday in Congress in 1972 and decided to maintain contact, including through political seminars, until the next congress. After a while, this group dispersed and a small group began to gather behind the newspaper offensive, which started in 1973. In 1976, it was revealed that secret Trotskyite activities had occurred within the SSU, but it would take four years before this could be proved.
|
|
Anna Tieke and her son Rudolf Tieke were arrested on 5 November 1937. Anna was identified as a Gestapo agent and accused of membership of a "fascist terrorist Trotskyite counter-revolutionary organisation" and of spreading "counter- revolutionary and fascist propaganda among German and Austrian emigrants". The younger children, Günter and Ursula, were at this stage left behind. Later, in 1955, the Soviet security services informed Rudolf Tieke that his wife had been sentenced in 1938 to spend ten years in a labour camp where she had died on 10 July 1942.
|
|
Of the more than 707 court reports that BNM categorized, analyzed and documented, they provided data indexing 695 cases. In those cases, 88% of the 7,367 defendants were male and the majority were members of the middle class. BNM classified many of the torture defendants into the following afflicted groups: #Political organizations: Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), Armed Dissidents, Communist Party of Brazil (PC DO B), Popular Action (Acão Popular- AP), Marxist Revolutionary Organization-Workers' Politics (POLOP), Trotskyite Groups, and Revolutionary Nationalism Groups. #Social Groups: Military personnel, union leaders, students, political figures, journalists, and religious workers.
|
|
After a coup d'état, which he helped organise, he succeeded Jan Masaryk as Foreign Minister. In 1948, in his new role, he played a decisive role in organising Czechoslovakia's part in Operation Balak by providing assistance to the newly founded Israeli Air Force. In 1950, he was forced to resign amid accusations of being a "deviationist". He was then arrested and charged for an illegal attempt to cross the state boundaries, later changed to the more serious crime of being a "bourgeois nationalist" and participating in a Trotskyite-Titoite-Zionist conspiracy.
|
|
Having allegedly supported the Trotskyite Left Opposition faction's platform back in 1923, Gaikis was now prosecuted, like many others, under the charge of Trotskyism. He was sentenced to death by the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR, "for betrayal of the Fatherland and belonging to a counter-revolutionary terrorist organization". He was shot on the same day, 21 August 1937, at the age of 39. After the purge of Rosenberg and Gaikis, no official ambassador was appointed again until 1977, and the embassy was headed by the chargé d'affaires.
|
|
Accused of being a Zionist, Trotskyite and Titoist, he was forced to confess and sentenced to life in prison. After the Slánský trial, London collaborated with the authorities and served as a lead witness in other construed political processes against top Czechoslovak communists, such as Eduard Goldstücker, Josef Pavel, Osvald Závodský, Gustáv Husák, Otakar Hromádko and others. Following Stalin's death in 1953, London was released in 1955. After his rehabilitation in 1963, he moved to France with his wife, Lise London, a French communist he had met in Moscow.
|
|
Even the governmental structure of Czechoslovakia existed primarily to implement policy decisions made within the KSČ. A dispute broke out between Gottwald and the second most-powerful man in the country, party General Secretary Rudolf Slánský, over the extent to which Czechoslovakia should conform with the Soviet model. In 1951, Slánský and several other senior Communists were arrested and charged with participating in a "Trotskyite-Titoite-Zionist conspiracy". They were subjected to a show trial in 1952 (the Prague Trials) and Slánský and 10 other defendants were executed.
|
|
Described by one authority as "the son and grandson of militant socialists", Georges Louis Albert Fontenis was born into a working-class family in Paris and grew up in the city's suburbs. As a young teenager he devoured his father's revolutionary socialist and trades union journals and newspapers and other Trotskyite and pacifist literature. He became involved with the libertarian movement during the strikes of June 1936. When he was 17 he joined the Anarchist Union, "discovered" Bakunin and Kropotkin, and started selling Le Libertaire on street corners.
|
|
Having moved to Winchester, Hampshire, Regan became a journalist on a local paper before moving to London as a freelance. In March 1967 the Press Council criticised him for a piece he contributed to The Sun about a woman who had become pregnant after a sterilization operation."Mixed Verdict on 'No More Babies'", The Times, 30 March 1967. He landed a staff job on the News of the World in 1967 where he specialised in writing stories exposing cannabis-taking, Trotskyite student conspiracies, a world he was close to as a user of cannabis himself.
|
|
She also used radio to spread her message, becoming famous for calling men and women to arms, saying, "¡No pasarán!" One of the most famous phrases she uttered in the civil war was, "It is better to die on your feet than live on your knees." The Communist Party did not approve of her private life though, asking her to end her relationship with a male party member who was seventeen years younger than her, which she did. Female Stalinists actively participated in POUM and Trotskyite purges in Barcelona.
|
|
Stalin orchestrated the arrest of many former opponents in the Communist Party as well as sitting members of the Central Committee: denounced as Western-backed mercenaries, many were imprisoned or exiled internally. The first Moscow Trial took place in August 1936; Kamenev and Zinoviev were among those accused of plotting assassinations, found guilty in a show trial, and executed. The second Moscow Show Trial took place in January 1937, and the third in March 1938, in which Bukharin and Rykov were accused of involvement in the alleged Trotskyite-Zinovievite terrorist plot and sentenced to death.
|
|
Burhan Shahidi (2nd row, 2nd from left) at the founding of the Association for the Advancement of Han Culture in Xinjiang in 1937, chaired by the governor Sheng Shicai (1st row, 3rd from left). In 1937, he was dispatched by the next governor, Sheng Shicai, to the Soviet Union to serve as a consular official in the border district of Zaysan. The following year, he was recalled by Sheng, branded a "trotskyite" and imprisoned until 1944. While in prison, Burhan wrote a Uyghur-Chinese- Russian Dictionary and translated Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles into Uyghur.
|
|
While Spanish prime minister Caballero opposes accusation and the concurrent demand of the immediate removal of the Spanish minister of the Interior, Angel Galarza for failing to uncover the "Trotskyite plot" in Barcelona, he continues to lose power to the Communists. ;May 13: The Communist ministers demand the suppression of the POUM, calling them a Fascist organization working for Franco, an accusation the Communist press has made for several months in propaganda campaigns against political opponents such as the Anarchist councils in Aragon. ;May 15: Largo Caballero resigns, Juan Negrín becomes prime minister of the Spanish Republic.
|
|
When the Socialist Workers Party was founded in January 1938 with a platform that still considered the Soviet Union to be a degenerated workers' state, Salemme immediately quit the party. Sometime thereafter the Revolutionary Marxist League was founded. The Revolutionary Marxist league's ideological position consisted of a rejection of both Stalinism and Trotskyism, which it regarded as an inverted form of Stalinism. It was equally harsh in its denunciation of the various splinters from official Trotskyism: > We cannot emphasize too much our position that we have nothing in common > with the Trotskyite brand of Stalinism or any other inverted form of > Stalinism.
|
|
In August 1936, the first Moscow show trial of the so-called "Trotskyite–Zinovievite Terrorist Center" was staged in front of an international audience. During the trial, Zinoviev, Kamenev and 14 other accused, most of them prominent Old Bolsheviks, confessed to having plotted with Trotsky to kill Stalin and other members of the Soviet leadership. The court found everybody guilty and sentenced the defendants to death, Trotsky, in absentia. The second show trial of Karl Radek, Grigori Sokolnikov, Yuri Pyatakov and 14 others, took place in January 1937, during which more alleged conspiracies and crimes were linked to Trotsky.
|
|
Depicting the Soviet Union in American propaganda was a delicate issue throughout the war, as the Soviet Union could not possibly be presented as a liberal democracy.Richard Overy, Why the Allies Won, p294 However, the Nazi attack on the Soviet Union inspired propaganda in its favor, and Hollywood produced pro-Soviet movies. At Roosevelt's urging, the film Mission to Moscow was made and depicted the purge trials as a just punishment of a Trotskyite conspiracy.Piers Brendon, The Dark Valley: A Panorama of the 1930s, p498 On the other hand, the 1939 Greta Garbo film Ninotchka was not re-released as it ridiculed Russians.
|
|
In May 1944 there was a public trial in Darmstadt at which Dr. Hermann Grossmann was allowed to defend the character of the religion but the Baháʼís were instead heavily fined and its institutions continued to be disbanded. However, for this service and others, Grossmann was ranked as the third of the three believers who decisively influenced the German Baháʼís. To the east in 1938 "monstrous accusations" accusing Baháʼís of being 'closely linked with the leaders of Trotskyite- Bukharinist and Dashnak-Musavat bands'. Following this numerous arrests and Soviet government policy of oppression of religion was established.
|
|
Geduld In 1939 he moved to Greenwich Village, where he eventually drifted away from the Trotskyite movement and met Anais Nin and Henry Miller.Alan M. Wald Through them he found employment writing pornographic novels (11 in 11 months) for the private collection of Roy Melisander Johnson, an Oklahoma oil millionaire. He credited his pornographic output with teaching him to write to specified lengths while facing deadlines: “I acquired the work discipline of a professional writer, capable of a solid daily output.” In 1941 he was the assistant night editor for Paramount Newsreel for a few weeks.
|
|
Hermínio Saccheta, a Trotskyite who was briefly a political prisoner under Estado Novo, became an executive news editor as soon as he left jail. The dictatorial administration put political pressure onto news organs, and in São Paulo it took as its main target the daily O Estado de S. Paulo, a major supporter for the 1932 revolution. The newspaper's director, Júlio de Mesquita Filho, was arrested three times and forced into exile, and "Estado" was under intervention by the authorities from 1940 to 1945. With its main rival muzzled, Folha da Manhã took a leading role in voicing opposition to Vargas' dictatorship.
|
|
"Hallgren, "Why I Resigned from the Trotsky Defense Committee," pg. 11. It was only among the Nazis, fascists, and reactionaries, as well as a handful of socialist adherents of the Second International and the Trotskyists who contended that the USSR was not progressing towards socialism, Hallgren wrote to Morrow. "The outcry against the Moscow trials first came from the Trotskyites," Hallgren charged. Given the weight of the public evidence, Hallgren concluded: > "...I shall remain convinced that the present liberal movement to win > justice for him is nothing more than a Trotskyite maneuver against the > Soviet Union and against socialism.
|
|
Meanwhile, the CIA together with the Catholic Church and various Western trade unions such as the AFL-CIO provided funds, equipment and advice to the Solidarity underground. The political alliance of Reagan and the Pope would prove important to the future of Solidarity. The Polish public also supported what was left of Solidarity; a major medium for demonstrating support of Solidarity became masses held by priests such as Jerzy Popiełuszko. Besides the communist authorities, Solidarity was also opposed by some of the Polish (émigré) radical right, believing Solidarity or KOR to be disguised communist groups, dominated by Jewish Trotskyite Zionists.
|
|
The Soviet Union established diplomatic relations with the Second Spanish Republic on July 28, 1933. Moscow for years tried to purify the Spanish Communist Party by expelling anarchist and Trotskyite members, but the process took years and was finally handled by outside Communists sent to Spain in the Spanish Civil War who exposed and executed opponents.Tim Rees, "Deviation and discipline: anti-Trotskyism, Bolshevization and the Spanish Communist party, 1924–34." Historical Research 82.215 (2009): 131-156. Ambassador Marsel Rosenberg (1896–1938), and Consul- general Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko (1883–1938) arrived in Madrid in 1936, when Spanish Civil War was already underway.
|
|
The union was heavily criticized by an employment tribunal in a case concerning 'entryism' by members of the Communist Party of Ireland. The tribunal noted NIPSA's tendency to sort out internal grievances though tribunals. The judgement said the case was part of a dispute between two factions; 'unity', which is associated with the Marxist Leninist CPI, and the 'broad left' which is associated with various Trotskyite parties, in the union which "has been a rich source of litigation over recent years". The tribunal stated that the two factions actually have little if any substantive political differences.
|
|
An "intellectual without a work", Fraenkel passed his life reading, translating and popularising theses by authors such as Reich, Marcuse ("Eros et Civilisation"), Lukács, and Trotsky. He met the philosopher Herbert Marcuse, with whom he had an intellectual conversation marked by mutual respect. Organiser of the Partisans review, edited by François Maspero, he was one of the founders of the Internationalist Communist Organisation in 1958 at the time of the Trotskyite secession. He was expelled from it in 1966 by Pierre Boussel alias Lambert, for having published texts by Wilhelm Reich without having gained the copyright for them.
|
|
Between 1949 and 1950 he worked in France as a journalist with the Continental Daily Mail, where he is said to have mixed in anarchist and Trotskyite circles. In 1956, the Earl of Antrim invited Brett to join the Northern Ireland Committee of the National Trust, on finding there were no books written to prepare himself for this to this Brett resolved to write the necessary volumes. In 1957 he became the first chairman of the Ulster Architectural Heritage Society, founded alongside, amongst others Lady Dunleath. Brett served as chairman for ten years and then as President from 1979 until his death.
|
|
Straw supported student protests against US military involvement in the Vietnam War, while Fisk advocated neutrality; Straw's side won and the "no politics" clause was removed. A new era began for the NUS, where political agitation and protest became institutionalized. Straw was followed up as president by Digby Jacks, also representing the Radical Student Alliance (formed in 1966 by Fergus Nicholson) and a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain. According to contemporary British government reports, the RSA was connected to the Trotskyite-led Vietnam Solidarity Campaign and had close links with the Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund (organising a protest following Rudi Dutschke's shooting).
|
|
Other prominent public servants, such as UCR Senator Hipólito Solari Yrigoyen, and left-wing University of Buenos Aires President Rodolfo Puiggrós, narrowly survived Triple A attacks; Puiggrós was then removed from his post. Atrocities were also being committed by left-wing extremists. Organized in 1968, the mysterious Roman Catholic-oriented anarchist Montoneros murdered former de facto President Pedro Aramburu, popular CGT union Secretary General José Ignacio Rucci, construction workers' union leader Rogelio Coria, former Interior Minister Arturo Mor Roig and U.S. Consul John Egan, among other murders and kidnappings. Throughout 1974, the rise of a new and nearly-as- violent Trotskyite group, the ERP, added to the cycle of violence.
|
|
As a young man, Ashley was a committed atheist and communist. As an undergraduate he studied under Mortimer Adler and Robert Maynard Hutchins at the University of Chicago and there received his master's degree in Comparative Literature and was a graduate assistant to Adler. For a time a member of the Young Communist League and then of the Trotskyite Socialist Workers Party, through his study under Adler of the works of St. Thomas Aquinas he was baptized in the Catholic Church and received his Doctorate in Political Science at the University of Notre Dame. He then entered the Order of Preachers (Dominicans) in which he was ordained in 1948.
|
|
After expulsion of Trotsky, his Jewish heritage was further exploited in the form of association "A Jew is a Trotskyist, a Trotskyist is a Jew". Since 1936 in the show trial of "Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Center", the suspects, prominent Bolshevik leaders, were accused of hiding their Jewish origins under Slavic names. Antisemitism in the Soviet Union commenced openly as a campaign against the "rootless cosmopolitan" (a euphemism for "Jew"). In his speech titled "On Several Reasons for the Lag in Soviet Dramaturgy" at a plenary session of the board of the Soviet Writers' Union in December 1948, Alexander Fadeyev equated the cosmopolitans with the Jews.
|
|
However, his professed political views remained socialistic in nature according to the recollections of some Japanese intelligence officers, with Lyushkov calling himself a Trotskyite, but some Japanese officers believed that he had later become a liberal communist. Though Lyushkov was anti- Stalinist, he was resistant to the idea of creating a new regime led by Russian émigrés. He was, however, willing to include them in a proposed plan for the assassination of Stalin. A resistance group of Russian emigrants would travel across the Turkish-Soviet border when Stalin would travel south to a resort in Sochi, which he had visited previously to swim in the Matsesta River.
|
|
Her father, Raymond Ghoussoub, a Maronite Christian, was a professional footballer. She studied at the French lycée in Beirut, then mathematics at the American University of Beirut, and French literature at the Lebanese University, and later sculpture at Morley College and the Henry Moore Studio in London. She was a Trotskyite at the start of the Lebanese Civil War in 1975, but soon became disillusioned and moved on to humanitarian work, establishing two medical dispensaries in a poor Muslim area after the doctors had left and the pharmacies had closed. She lost an eye in 1977, after her car was hit by a shell while taking someone to hospital.
|
|
Queen consort Marie of Romania had received a brooch from her royal relatives in Russia in previous decades. Circa 1926 she joined the religion and gave this brooch to Martha Root who in turn sent it as a gift to the first Baháʼí House of Worship of the West where it was sold to raise money for the contraction to a Willard Hatch. In 1931 he took it with him when he went on Baháʼí pilgrimage where with approval of Shoghi Effendi it was placed in the archives of the religion. In 1938 "monstrous accusations" accusing Baháʼís of being 'closely linked with the leaders of Trotskyite-Bukharinist and Dashnak-Musavat bands'.
|
|
Golubić's time in Yugoslavia was marked by frequent clashes with the KPJ. According to the senior Yugoslav communist Milovan Djilas, Golubić was hostile to the KPJ's Central Committee, claiming that it was "composed of Trotskyites". Djilas, together with Aleksandar Ranković, another senior KPJ member, suspected Golubić himself of being a Trotskyite and feared that he was spreading misinformation regarding the Central Committee's activities to Moscow. According to Djilas, he and Ranković were prepared to assassinate Golubić, but were told to desist by Josip Broz Tito, the General Secretary of the Central Committee, who identified Golubić as an agent on "special assignment" and ordered that he be left alone.
|
|
Dr Colvin R. de Silva became the first President of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party when it was established on 21 December 1935 at Lorenz College Hall, along with Dr. N.M. Perera, Leslie Goonewardene, Philip Gunawardena and Robert Gunawardena. An active Trotskyite, during the Second World War he fled to India, after escaping from Bogambara Prison, where he had been imprisoned on charges of sedition for anti-war activities. In India he became part of the leading nucleus of the Bolshevik-Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma (BLPI). After the war he returned to Ceylon and became the main leader of the Bolshevik Samasamaja Party.
|
|
Richard Rose, "Doubts Over Role of Transport House", The Times, 6 March 1965, p. 9. Pitt played a key role in running the Labour Party's campaign in the 1966 general election, drafting a manifesto for January 1966, and sitting on each morning's meeting discussing campaign tactics.D. E. Butler and Anthony King, "The British General Election of 1966" (Macmillan, 1966), p. 86-88. He took a particular interest in the Labour Party Young Socialists and challenged the entryist tactics of the various Trotskyite groups by the force of his argument for a democratic Socialist party, thus encouraging the loyalist YS Action Committee, which held off the hard line groups for several years.
|
|
Miller stated later, "My job as a Stalinist was to keep track of the sailing of all Trotskyite seamen so a Stalinist agent would be at the port and have surveillance on whatever Trotskyites entered the Soviet Union." Miller's primary KGB contacts, as noted in Venona traffic, were Joseph Katz and a woman he knew as Sylvia Getzoff, also known as Rebecca Getzoff. In the first half of 1944, Miller met in New York with Jack Soble who provided the KGB with microfilm of the page proofs of Leon Trotsky's biography of Joseph Stalin. Miller carried the microfilm to Mexico for the SWP to present to Natalia Sedova, Trotsky's widow.
|
|
The differences led to Peter Blachstein's exclusion from the SAPD. Others excluded at the same time included his political mentor Walter Fabian and Erwin Ackerknecht: the three became the focus of a short-lived political grouping known as "Neuer Weg" ("New Way"). Blachstein was also affected more directly by the intense political tensions radiating out from Moscow, based on Stalin's suspicions - not entirely unfounded - that there might be comrades in the Soviet Union and further west in Europe who favoured an alternative Soviet leader. The POUM, of which Blachstein was a member, backed a broadly Trotskyite vision for a communist future and its members therefore became targets for Soviet agents.
|
|
Lyons's subsequent political activities are murky. In 1984, he did not return to the Republican Party to support Ronald W. Reagan, who had campaigned for Lyons's father in the Louisiana governor's race in 1964,Perry H. Howard, Political Tendencies in Louisiana Revised and Expanded Edition (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1977), p. 392 Instead, Hall Lyons contributed $2,600 in four checks that summer to the National Democratic Policy Committee, a group backing political activist Lyndon LaRouche, a former Trotskyite who pursued the Democratic presidential nomination that year against Walter Mondale. In June 1985, Lyons made a small contribution to LaRouche, the fifth donation in less than a year.
|
|
Le Monde, 6 June 2001. Despite the very difficult conditions, he managed to take a course in political economy in the camp and there for the first time in a clandestine cell of a Trotskyite party, joining with Jost von Steiger (nephew of conseiller fédéral Eduard von Steiger, then chef du département de Justice et Police). Expelled from Switzerland in 1949 for participating to a conference on Marxism and Judaism, he was assigned to the French police at Grenoble. He then took several jobs, such as secretary to the painter Sonia Delaunay and as an organiser for CEMEA, where he met his wife Denise Salomon.
|
|
In 1936, without having to present a thesis, he was bestowed a PhD degree in the Historical Sciences and a title of an active member of the Pre-Class Society Institute (GAIMK). And on September 9, 1936, he was arrested by the Leningrad provincial department of the NKVD under the Russian SFSR Penal Code Articles 58-8 (terrorism) and 11 (hostile organization) as an “active participant in the counterrevolutionary Trotskyite-Zinoviev terrorist organization”. On December 19, 1936, a field session of the Supreme Council of the USSR Armed Forces sentenced him to death with confiscation of all his private property. On the same day, in Leningrad, he was shot to death.
|
|
She created the organization Spanish Refugee Aid, which served as a larger umbrella organization to coordinate efforts with anti-Stalinist groups to assist former POUM members. During the later parts of the war and at its conclusion, some women from POUM were coerced into making false confessions in Moscow courtrooms, and then sent to Soviet prisons. Their major crime was being Trotskyites. It was only during the 1950s and 1960s that some of those women involved with POUM and Trotskyite purges began to re-evaluate their role in them; their change of heart occurred only after Stalinist Communism lost its prestige among leftist circles.
|
|
Scholars and writers of all persuasions were contributors, including Pearl S. Buck, some Chinese literary figures, and dedicated Marxists. IPR secretary Edward Carter was eager to solicit the participation of Soviet scholars, and insisted that Lattimore meet him in Moscow on his way back to the States. Lattimore had never been to the Soviet Union, having been denied a visa, and felt eager to obtain contributions from Soviet scholars, who had a distinguished tradition in Central Asian studies. But he was also wary because of the attacks Soviet scholars had made on him – Lattimore's "scholasticism is similar to Hamlet's madness" — and for publishing an article by Harold Isaacs, who they considered a Trotskyite.
|
|
Student occupation at Cambridge University, 2010 Student political activism has existed in U.K since the 1880s with the formation of the student representative councils, precursors of union organisations designed to present students interests. These later evolved into unions, many of which became part of the National Union of Students formed in 1921. However, the NUS was designed to be specifically outside of "political and religious interests", reducing its importance as a centre for student activism. During the 1930s students began to become more politically involved with the formation of many socialist societies at universities, ranging from social democratic to Marxist–Leninist and Trotskyite, even leading to Brian Simon, a communist, becoming head of the NUS.
|
|
We have no way to know how much of this Ho believed, but it should be remembered as an example of how he understood the thinking of those who would become his enemy, while Lyndon Baines Johnson and Robert S. McNamara never seemed to grasp his beliefs in the willingness to accept protracted war and great losses, in the interest of eventual control. Cochin China, at this time, was far less organized than Tonkin. Cao Đài set up a state around Tây Ninh, while Hòa Hảo declared one in the Cần Thơ area. These sects, along with a non-Viet Minh Trotskyite faction, formed the United National Front (UNF), which demonstrated on August 21.
|
|
The ideological stance among the early generation of youngsters from Concepción that founded MIR in 1965 correspond to a variety of political ideologies ranging from Social-liberalism to Marxist and Trotskyite positions. Although official declarations of the epoch, MIR had not a truly uniform ideological stand until the Congress of 1967 (see Movement of the Revolutionary Left) in which prevailed the Leninists positions represented by the new elected General Secretary Miguel Enriquez. Bautista Van Schouwen did follow his friend Miguel Enríquez in this regard. However, it has been put forward that van Schouwen would have been a closer follower to the doctrine of Rosa Luxemburg, favouring general strikes over cadre-organization political work as in Leninists traditions.
|
|
Faring modestly in 1963 elections, in which they split the socialist vote of 6% about evenly with the Socialist Party, Ghioldi devoted more time to academia, teaching at the University of Buenos Aires and University of La Plata and honored with a numerary membership in the prestigious Argentine Educational Academy. Ghioldi was again nominated on the Democratic Socialist ticket for elections held on March 11, 1973. His party fared poorly, however, garnering about 1% of the vote and badly outdistanced by the Socialists. Following President Juan Perón's July 1974 passing, Ghioldi advised his widow and successor, Isabel Martínez de Perón on the imminent wave of violence between Trotskyite and fascist extremists, warnings Mrs.
|
|
This time, the charges included forming a terrorist organization that supposedly killed Kirov and tried to kill Stalin and other leaders of the Soviet government. This Trial of the Sixteen (or the trial of the "Trotskyite- Zinovievite Terrorist Center") was the first Moscow Show Trial and set the stage for subsequent show trials where Old Bolsheviks confessed to increasingly elaborate and egregious crimes, including espionage, poisoning, and sabotage. Zinoviev and the other defendants were found guilty on 24 August 1936. Before the trial, Zinoviev and Kamenev had agreed to plead guilty to the false charges on the condition that they not be executed, a condition that Stalin accepted, stating: "that goes without saying".
|
|
The Front initially had its own paramilitary unit, the Advanced Guard Youth, which was under the leader of Dr. Phạm Ngọc Thạch. However Thạch led the unit over to the Viet Minh after the abdication of the Emperor Bảo Đại.Hoàng Văn Đào Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng: A Contemporary History of a National ... 2008 "The Advanced Guard Youth was under the leader of Dr. Phạm Ngọc Thạch. This organization adhered to the United National Front (Mặt Trận Quốc Gia Thống Nhất) at first, but when Thạch heard of the abdication of the Emperor Bảo Đại," The leading role of the Trotskyite faction was brief and became irrelevant as leaders such as Phan Văn Chánh (d.
|
|
He spoke out against the Iraq War while a TD, and addressed the Dublin leg of the 20 March 2003 International Day of Action. In April 2003, Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform Michael McDowell addressed Higgins during a Dáil debate, saying "I do not take lectures on democracy from a Trotskyite communist like Deputy Joe Higgins." On 19 September 2003, Higgins was sentenced to one month in Mountjoy Prison as a result of his protest against the non-collection of refuse in his constituency during the Anti-Bin Tax Campaign. He was also prominent in the successful 2005 campaign to bring Nigerian school student Olukunle Eluhanla back to Ireland after he had been deported.
|
|
At the end of October 1929, Agabekov arrived from Odessa in Constantinople as "illegal" rezident in Turkey, where he replaced the Trotskyite Yakov Blumkin (alias Zhivoi) executed in Moscow shortly afterward. Like Blumkin before him, Agabekov travelled to Turkey on a Persian passport, posing as a wealthy ethnic Armenian merchant under the name of Nerses Ovsepyan. Apart from Turkey, Blumkin had started to set up "illegal" spy networks in such countries as Syria, Palestine, Hejaz and Egypt. According to Agabekov, prior to 1930, Turkey was viewed by OGPU as a friendly power pursuant to the Russo-Turkish Treaty of Moscow, yet cooperation offers on the part of Turkey's police and intelligence were declined.Агабеков.
|
|
José María Mohedano Fuertes (1948, Madrid, Spain) is a Spanish lawyer and politician who belongs to the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). Mohedano gained a degree in law from the Complutense University of Madrid and also qualified to be a journalist through a church school.Dictionary of Valencian politicians 1810-2006 by Jose Piqueras He became involved in politics in 1966 and joined the Communist Party of Spain in 1969, remaining a member until 1980. He was the main prosecutor in the case of Yolanda González,El Pais, 3 June 1982 a student and member of the Trotskyite Socialist Worker's Party who was assassinated in February 1980 by members of the far right party New Force.
|
|
Walter Laqueur describes this phenomenon: > Although traditional Trotskyite ideology is in no way close to radical > Islamic teachings and the shariah, since the radical Islamists also > subscribed to anticapitalism, antiglobalism, and anti-Americanism, there > seemed to be sufficient common ground for an alliance. Thus, the militants > of the far left began to march side by side with the radical Islamists in > demonstrations, denouncing American aggression and Israeli crimes. ... And > it was only natural that in protest demonstrations militants from the far > right would join in, antisemitic banners would be displayed, anti-Jewish > literature such as the Protocols would be sold.Walter Laqueur (2006): The > Changing Face of Anti-Semitism: From Ancient Times to the Present Day.
|
|
The union was also involved in affairs in Northern Ireland, where most higher education establishments there were members of both the NUS and the Union of Students in Ireland, though this differed from case to case. Indeed, two presidents of the NUS earlier on in the 1960s were from Queen's University, Belfast; T. William Savage and T. Geoff Martin. The 1968-69 unrest in Northern Ireland saw the onset of The Troubles and a sectarian divisiveness come to the fore. After members of the QUBSU organised a protest against politician Bill Craig, some members such as Bernadette Devlin, Eamonn McCann and Michael Farrell decided to found the Trotskyite-group People's Democracy in 1968, which played a role in the Northern Ireland civil rights movement.
|
|
Chapter Fourteen. The African American Marxist–Leninist Harry Haywood, who spent much time in the Soviet Union during the 1920s and 1930s, stated that although he had been somewhat interested in Trotsky’s ideas when he was young, he came to see it as "a disruptive force on the fringes of the international revolutionary movement" which eventually developed into "a counter-revolutionary conspiracy against the Party and the Soviet state". He continued to put forward his following belief: :Trotsky was not defeated by bureaucratic decisions or Stalin's control of the Party apparatus—as his partisans and Trotskyite historians claim. He had his day in court and finally lost because his whole position flew in the face of Soviet and world realities.
|
|
Aleksandr Abramovich Drakokhrust (; November 11, 1923 - November 14, 2008)Ужо сёньня, 14 лістапада was a Russian language poet, journalist and translator from Russia and Belarus. Drakokhrust was born in Moscow, into the Jewish family of Rachel Karachunskaya and Abram Drakokhrust, a soldier.Drakakhrust Alyaksandar"Aleksandr Abramovich Drakokhrust" With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War he was conscripted into the Soviet Army and served until the very end of the war in sapper (combat engineering) troops, including taking part in the Battle of Berlin. Although he was a young able-bodied conscript, he was not allowed to serve in arms, being a family member of a "traitor to the motherland": his father was repressed in 1937, accused of being a Trotskyite, and shot.
|
|
During the 1920s the Soviet Union's ruling Communist Party became increasingly polarised between the backers of Joseph Stalin and those who doubted the direction in which Stalin was leading the party. The most prominent of the doubters was Leon Trotsky, and the most damning (and, as the years progressed, dangerous) condemnation that a comrade could receive from the Stalinist faction was to be described as a Trotskyite. The Soviet party and the German party were closely aligned and the increasingly fevered ructions in Moscow found their direct echoes in the German party which, during the second half of the 1920s, came under the control of an increasingly intolerant "hardline Stalinist" leadership. In 1928 August Enderle was identified as a follower of Heinrich Brandler and Jacob Walcher.
|
|
The opening of the plant was a major propaganda event both in the Ukraine and the wider USSR. The Factory in the 1930s McCormick-Deering 15-30 (International Harvester), locally produced as KhTZ 15-30. Ukrainian SSR 1931 The plant first built KhTZ- 15-30 wheel-type tractors. The first director of the plant was Svistun. The Kharkiv Tractor Works was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1932. In 1937 the plant shifted to the production of KhTZ-NATI crawler vehicles. Inevitably the bosses of the plant and some of its workers were caught up in the purges of the later 1930s. These included the party agitator Boris Bibikov who was shot as a Trotskyite but who its seems had sympathised with Kirov.
|
|
Despite appeals to Stalin from her mother through Engelsina Markizova for his clemency, he was executed in July 1938 on the false charge that he was a Japanese spy, a Trotskyite, a terrorist and subversive plotting against Stalin. Now the daughter of an enemy of the people, Markizova found herself shunned by her classmates whilst her mother was imprisoned for a year and ultimately deported to southern Kazakhstan, dying there in an accident at the age of 32. Now an orphan, Markizova lived with relatives in Moscow. At this point, rather than removing or altering her photos, Soviet propagandists decided that it was easier to deliberately misattribute the identity of the girl depicted in them than remove all the photos, sculptures and mosaics.
|
|
Krasnoshchokov's speech on the moving of the Government to Chita Krasnoshchyokov was removed from office in April, ostensibly because he had contracted TB, though the real cause appears to have been that local Bolsheviks objected to his leadership style. In December 1921, he was appointed Second Deputy USSR People's Commissar in the People's Commissariat for Finance (Narkomfin), by Lenin, but against the objections of more left wing Bolsheviks, including the future Trotskyite, Yevgeni Preobrazhensky, who threatened to resign if the appointment was confirmed. In January, Lenin sent a note to the Politburo praising Krasnoshchyokov's "practical approach to financial matters" and insisting that the Politburo back the appointment "to the hilt". In March 1922, Krasnoshchyokov contracted typhus, and during his absence, his rivals at Narkomfin sacked him.
|
|
Vilma Ana Ripoll was born in Firmat, Santa Fe Province, in 1954. She enrolled at the National University of Rosario School of Medicine, and earned a degree in nursing in 1975; while a student, in 1973, Ripoll co- founded the Centro de Estudiantes de Enfermería (Nursing Student Center). Ripoll helped organize a relief mission for workers at an Acindar steel plant in Villa Constitución whose health benefits had been cut in retaliation for their electing a left-wing shop steward. She then later joined the Trotskyite Socialist Workers' Party. These activities made her a target during the subsequent Dirty War, however, and in 1977, she left her post at the government health service, PAMI, and sought refuge in Colombia.Clarín (19 Oct 2007): Vilma Ripoll.
|
|
In 1958, Hays began recording a series of children's albums with The Baby Sitters, a group that included a young Alan Arkin, the son of a family friend of the Robinsons. After the great financial success of Peter Paul and Mary's cover of "If I Had a Hammer" in the mid-1960s, Hays, whose mental and physical health had been shaky for years, lived mostly on income from royalties. In 1967, he moved to Croton-on-Hudson, New York where he devoted himself to tending his organic vegetable garden, cooking, writing, and socializing. He wrote to a friend that in his new surroundings he had no idea how to earn new money but that, "Having a listed number with no fear of Trotskyite crank calls is a huge relief".
|
|
Nalin de Silva was formally a member of the Marxist Trotskyite Lanka Sama Samaja Party and the Nava Sama Samaja Party, and as a marxist studying both disciplines he intensively began to question the foundations of both Marxism and science. As a result, in 1986, he wrote Mage Lokaya (My World), criticizing the basis of the established western system of knowledge, and its propagation, which he refers as "domination throughout the world".He explained in this book that mind independent reality is impossible and knowledge is not found but constructed. This has further evolved into a study of Epistemology & Ontology, and in the process he has introduced and developed the concept of "Constructive Relativism" as the basis on which knowledge is constructed relative to the sense organs, culture and the mind completely based on Avidya.
|
|
Milton Copulos of the Heritage Foundation described the USLP as "a virulently anti-Semitic outgrowth of the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)" which used the Fusion Energy Foundation as a front to "win the confidence of unsuspecting businessmen". Washington Post columnist Richard Cohen wrote that the USLP began "on the political left but has since gone so far in the opposite direction that to call it politically right is to slander the entire conservative movement". Labor-union journalist Victor Riesel, while writing of "anti-capitalistic movements, ranging all the way from the Communist Party U.S.A. to the Trotskyite Socialist Workers' Party", said in 1976 "the most extreme activists in this sprawling radicalism are the youthful U.S. Labor Party". Civil Rights activist Julian Bond called the party "a group of leftwing fascists".
|
|
A Politburo resolution to execute 346 "enemies of the CPSU and Soviet Power" who led "counter-revolutionary, right-trotskyite, plotting and spying activities" (signed by Stalin) The Political Bureau (Politburo), known as the Presidium from 1952 to 1966, was the highest party organ when the Congress and the Central Committee were not in session. Until the 19th Conference in 1988, the Politburo alongside the Secretariat controlled appointments and dismissals nationwide. In the post-Stalin period, the Politburo controlled the Central Committee apparatus through two channels; the General Department distributed the Politburo's orders to the Central Committee departments and through the personnel overlap which existed within the Politburo and the Secretariat. This personnel overlap gave the CPSU General Secretary a way of strengthening his position within the Politburo through the Secretariat.
|
|
That year Rivera was expelled from the party because of his suspected Trotskyite sympathies. In addition, observers noted that his 1928 mural In the Arsenal includes the figures of communists Tina Modotti, Cuban Julio Antonio Mella, and Italian Vittorio Vidali. After Mella was murdered in January 1929, allegedly by Stalinist assassin Vidali, Rivera was accused of having had advance knowledge of a planned attack. After divorcing his third wife, Guadalupe (Lupe) Marin, Rivera married the much younger Frida Kahlo in August 1929. They had met when she was a student, and she was 22 years old when they married; Rivera was 42. Also in 1929, American journalist Ernestine Evans's book The Frescoes of Diego Rivera, was published in New York City; it was the first English-language book on the artist.
|
|
Fraenkel re-appeared in public life in 2001, when he affected the French presidential campaign by revealing (as he had already done in 1997) Lionel Jospin's Trotskyite past. Jospin had been introduced to him by Robert Lacondemine, one of his comrades in Dugny's cell (other members were Fraenkel, Denise and the historian Pierre Broué, who located him at a wedding in Burgundy and referred to Fraenkel as "a young intellectual with a happy air who joined the ENA"). Fraenkel told the Nouvel Observateur: In 2002 he decided to join the Ligue communiste révolutionnaire "to break his isolation", but was disappointed by it and did not long remain a member. Boris Fraenkel committed suicide on 23 April 2006 by jumping into the Seine from a bridge near Gare de Lyon.
|
|
The CPI (ML) were strongly critical of other Irish left-wing parties, including the Workers' Party of Ireland, Irish Labour PartyRed Patriot, 6 December 1975 and the Communist Party of Ireland, whom the CPI (ML) accused of being "revisionist" and of not supporting the IRA's campaign in the North. Michael Gallagher, Political Parties in the Republic of Ireland, Manchester University Press, 1985 , (p.98).Red Patriot, 19 July 1975 They were especially hostile to Brendan Clifford and his British and Irish Communist Organisation, whose support for the Partition of Ireland and the British Army in Northern Ireland the CPI (ML) regarded as a complete betrayal of Maoism.Differentiate between sham and genuine Marxism-Leninism to unite the revolutionary forces and defeat the enemy : British and Irish 'Communist' Organisation- Trotskyite thugs, sham Marxist-Leninists and agents of British imperialism.
|
|
The play depicts a strike among the dockers of Liverpool, led by a Trotskyite docker against the wishes of the established union; the strike is violently broken by the army and police. In 1975, Allen wrote, Garnett produced, and Loach directed Days of Hope, Allen's best-known work. A serial of four episodes, it tells the story of the British Labour movement between the Great War in 1916 and the General Strike of 1926. The series' depiction of the British Army was the subject of much hostile criticism in the press at the time. Allen also wrote five plays (The Rank and File (1971), A Choice of Evils (1977), The Spongers (1978), United Kingdom (1981) and Willie's Last Stand (1982)) for the BBC's Play for Today drama series, and several episodes of the Granada series Crown Court (1975–76).
|
|
The Moscow Trials were a series of show trials held in the Soviet Union at the instigation of Joseph Stalin between 1936 and 1938 against Trotskyists and members of Right Opposition of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. There were three Moscow Trials, including: # the Case of the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Center (Zinoviev-Kamenev Trial, or the "Trial of the Sixteen;" 1936); # the Case of the Anti-Soviet Trotskyist Center (Pyatakov-Radek Trial; 1937); and # the Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites" (Bukharin-Rykov Trial, or "Trial of the Twenty-One;" 1938). The defendants of these were Old Bolshevik party leaders and top officials of the Soviet secret police. Most defendants were charged under Article 58 of the RSFSR Penal Code with conspiring with the Western powers to assassinate Stalin and other Soviet leaders, dismember the Soviet Union, and restore capitalism.
|
|
When Sid Weighell resigned in 1983, Knapp was the successful left-wing candidate to replace him as General Secretary of the NUR. Knapp had been a relatively junior union officer, having failed an exam to become assistant general secretary. A "candidate from nowhere",Jimmy Knapp: Old school, new ideas, BBC News, 13 August 2001 he beat the sitting assistant general secretary Charlie Turnock by a wide margin, despite Weighell describing him as "a stooge of the Communist and Trotskyite Left"Obituary, The Daily Telegraph, 14 August 2001 and "wet behind the ears".Mike Anson, ‘Knapp, James [Jimmy] (1940–2001)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Jan 2005; online edn, Jan 2009 accessed 12 March 2014 As General Secretary of the NUR, he joined the General Council of the Trades Union Congress and the executive board of the International Transport Workers' Federation in 1983.
|
|
Santucho was instrumental in early efforts to unite the Frente Revolucionario Indoamericano (FRIP), of which he was then leader, with the Trotskyite organization Palabra Obrera. The group that emerged from their unification on May 25, 1965, the Marxist–Leninist organization known as the Workers’ Revolutionary Party, would combine the indigenous struggles of the former with the class-based politics of the latter to form one of Latin America's most important communist parties. On Santucho’s initiative, and following shortly after the popular upheaval of 1969 known as "the Cordobazo", the Fifth Congress of the PRT voted in 1970 in favor of the formation of the People's Revolutionary Army (ERP). Although never officially recognized as the armed wing of the party, ERP contained among its members a large group of PRT militants and, more importantly, a number of armed combatants from diverse political and social backgrounds.
|
|
It produced two main journals, Accao and Ofensiva, as well as other more sporadic works that were designed to specifically appeal to members of the skinhead movement, which had become an underground fashion in Portugal around 1987. Although it was avowedly a cultural organisation the MAN soon developed close links with the country's white power skinhead movement and became associated with street violence against immigrants.European Monitioring Centre om Racism and Xenophobia report on Portugal The violence culminated in the assassination of a Trotskyite activist for which a number of members were brought to trial in 1992 (although those sympathetic to the group claimed that the death had been as a result of a fight between Trotskyites and MAN supportersInterview with Lusitanoi - a Portuguese band). Whilst this trial was on-going MAN officially disbanded but nonetheless the leaders of the group were brought to trial at the Portuguese Constitutional Court for forming a group that espoused 'Fascist ideology', which had been banned by the Constitution of Portugal.
|
|
A group led by Francesco Ricci established the Communist Alternative Party, others, led by the Trotskyite Marco Ferrando, formed the Workers' Communist Party, while a tiny minority chose to stay in the party and launched Countercurrent. In February 2007, senator Franco Turigliatto of Critical Left, led by Salvatore Cannavò, voted twice against the government's foreign policy, leading Romano Prodi to temporarily resign from Prime Minister. In April, Turigliatto was expelled from the party and Critical Left was suspended from it, leading to its final split and establishment as a party in December. Turigliatto's ejection was supported also by Claudio Grassi (leader of Being Communists) and this caused a break-up of the faction. A group led by Fosco Giannini launched an alternative faction named The Ernesto (from the eponymous communist publication), but it would suffer the 2008 split of Communist Left, which would splinter in 2011 into Communist Left and Communists Together/The Future City.
|
|
In March 1967 he signed an advertisement in The Times calling on the government of the United Kingdom to "dissociate itself explicitly from the bombing of North Vietnam", and in April that year he was one of 59 Labour MPs to vote against the Labour government in a Commons motion on the war. He rebelled against the incomes policy of Harold Wilson's government, voting against the government in a division on the report stage of the Prices and Incomes Bill in June 1968, and voted against the government again in a further motion on Vietnam in December 1969. In November 1976, Kelley was one of 33 Labour MPs denounced by the Social Democratic Alliance (a pressure group on the right of the Labour Party) for their alleged associations with Communist and Trotskyite organisations. The MPs, who included Tony Benn and future leader Michael Foot, were accused by the SDA of being part of a shift in the party "in favour of intolerant Marxist totalitarianism".
|
|
In 1935, summoned to Chelyabinsk under threat of arrest as part of the preparation for the 1936 trial of the "Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Center," he committed suicide, shooting himself in an automobile and leaving a note expressing his devotion to the party and asking Ordzonikidze to look after his family, a request the latter honored: "As long as he was alive, Lominadze's widow received a pension for her husband, and by Council of People's Commissars decree, Lominadze's son, named Sergo after Ordzonikidze, was granted a sizable monetary benefit.... immediately after Ordzonikidze's death, Lominadze's wife was deprived of her pension, and not much later she was arrested."Khlevniuk, Master of the House: Stalin and His Inner Circle, pp. 151-52. John Scott, who knew him in Magnitogorsk, left a vivid description of him: > Lominadze, former head of the Young Communist International, was an enormous > Georgian, whose huge body was covered with rolls of fat. He was very > shortsighted and squinted continually.
|
|
Brar defends the governments and leaders of the USSR until the appearance of Khrushchevite revisionism during the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1956. Lalkar, the newspaper edited by Brar, criticises The British Road to Socialism (the programme of the original Communist Party of Great Britain) from its earliest version in 1951 as "un-Marxist" and regards the claim that Stalin approved it as a "fiction". Brar is seen as an admirer of Stalin and has been attacked as an "anachronism" in the Weekly Worker publication of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee), which Brar in turn regards as Trotskyite propaganda. He, along with his daughter Joti Brar (Deputy leader of the Workers Party of Britain, is an active member of the Stalin Society, the website of which contains articles denying Soviet wrongdoing in the Katyn massacre, the Ukrainian Famine (Holodomor), and the Moscow Trials which they blame on the Nazis, dismiss as propaganda, or describe as fair process, respectively.
|
|
The calculating López Rega seized on this to prevail on Vice President Vicente Solano Lima and Senate President Alejandro Díaz Bialet to resign, as well, leaving a constitutional vacuum referred to as an "acephaly" — the absence of a head of state. This move created both the need for new elections and the chance to remove a number of Cámpora's leftist advisers; it also left the nation's highest office to the President of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies (lower house), Raúl Lastiri, who was, despite being a year older than López Rega, the powerful Social Policy Minister's son-in-law. The cautious Lastiri continued Cámpora's populist socio-economic policies; inheriting a growing threat from an increasingly armed Peronist Youth and the newly-active Trotskyite People's Revolutionary Army (ERP), which, in only three months, attacked a military installation and murdered a number of military figures, he replaced Interior Minister Righi and called elections for September 23. The runners-up in the March elections — Ricardo Balbín (UCR) and Francisco Manrique (APF) — again accepted their respective party's nomination, with Manrique obtaining the endorsement of the PDP and naming its leader as his running mate.
|
|
Daughter of the People's Commissar for Agriculture of the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Province , in January 1936 she was pictured in a photo with Joseph Stalin which was later used for propaganda purposes after she found Stalin at a Kremlin state ceremony and presented him with a bouquet of flowers reportedly saying "These flowers are for Comrade Stalin from the children of the Buryat-Mongol Republic". Stalin then picked her up in a hug as cameras all around snapped up the now iconic image On 29 June 1936 the photo was published on the front page of Pravda () , the newspaper of the Communist Party. The image spread after its publication, finding its way into kindergartens, hospitals and schools across the Soviet Union, and it was later turned into a marble sculpture by Georgi Lavrov, a renowned sculptor of the time propelling Markizova to instant fame, and leading her to receive preferential treatment in school and Communist Party meetings. In 1937 her father, who was a provincial official for the Buryatia region, was taken from their home by secret police agents, standing accused of being a Japanese spy and a Trotskyite.
|
|