An angling stream of comets in "Powhatan's Daughter" (1982) becomes an eye, nose, and chin, distending the head until it seems ready to burst.
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And soon, people who'd never before made their way up to this oceanside town were flocking for stomach-distending dishes that laughed in the face of thousands of years of tradition.
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In a curious Freudian twist, the distending nose also becomes a functional phallus, enabling Pic — in the film's most stomach-turning scene — to orally rape his female master when her inquisitions become abusive.
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And that power remains with opinion leaders who are, at this point, skilled hands at distending their own cultural anxieties into panics that—time and time and time again—smother history, fact, and common sense into irrelevance.
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On one hand, the courts may give too much deference to the executive branch, taking a valuable tradition and distending it to cover disingenuous claims by the president — encouraging more of the same, and worse, in the future.
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Compliance is the ability of a hollow organ (vessel) to distend and increase volume with increasing transmural pressure or the tendency of a hollow organ to resist recoil toward its original dimensions on application of a distending or compressing force. It is the reciprocal of "elastance", hence elastance is a measure of the tendency of a hollow organ to recoil toward its original dimensions upon removal of a distending or compressing force.
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Svab, D., et al., Sequence variability of P2-like prophage genomes carrying the cytolethal distending toxin V operon in Escherichia coli O157. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2013. 79(16): p. 4958-64.
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Cytolethal distending toxins are classified as AB toxins, with an active ("A") subunit that directly damages DNA and a binding ("B") subunit that helps the toxin attach to the target cells. CdtB is the active subunit and a homolog to mammalian DNase I, whereas CdtA and CdtC make up the binding subunit. Cytolethal distending toxins are produced by gram-negative pathogenic bacteria from the phylum Proteobacteria. Many of these bacteria, including Shigella dysenteriae, Haemophilus ducreyi, and Escherichia coli, infect humans.
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Diseased chicks are typically pale, dirty, wet, and may have a distending abdomen. Some individuals may display “helicopter-like” feathers in their wings and other feather abnormalities. The virus has also been shown to cause osteoporosis.
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The first recorded observation of a cytolethal-distending toxin was in 1987 in a pathogenic strain in E. coli isolated from a young patient. Later that year, scientists W.M. Johnson and H. Lior published the journal article "Production of Shiga toxin and a cytolethal distending toxin (CLDT) by serogroups of Shigella spp." in Microbiology Letters. The discovery of other bacteria producing CDT toxins continues to this day. In 1994 two scientists, Scott and Kaper, successfully cloned and sequenced a cdt operon from another E. coli strain, publishing their accomplishment in Infection and Immunity.
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The bacteria produces also cytolethal distending toxins that participate in cell cycle control and induction of host cell apoptosis. C. jejuni also exploits different adaptation strategies in which the host factors seem to play a role for pathogenesis of this bacteria.
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Both complete toxins and individual subunits are labeled using this convention. In response to the continued discovery of additional cytolethal distending toxins, a 2011 review has proposed that the toxin names be expanded to include the first three letters of the species (i.e., HducCDT for Haemaphilus ducreyi CDT).
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The pressure-cycled ventilation includes pressure control ventilation and pressure support ventilation. Both methods offer a set inspiratory pressure. The tidal volume varies depending on the resistance and elastance of the respiratory system. Pressure-cycled ventilation can help alleviate symptoms in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome by limiting the distending pressure of the lungs.
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This finding was also confirmed for other cytolethal distending toxins in subsequent studies. The discovery of the homology of cdtB to mammalian DNase I and the current AB model for the toxin were published in early 2000. Further research and the publication of crystal structures for the CDT toxins from two different species continues to support this model.
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It tastes bitter and pungent. About 5ml to 10ml of this liquid formula is applied twice a day to symptoms such as "colds with accumulation of damp in the interior and summer-heat and dampness marked by headache, dizziness and feeling of heaviness in the head, sensation of stuffiness in the chest, distending pain in the epigastrium and abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea".
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Treatment is focused on reducing stroke episodes and damage from a distending artery. Four treatment modalities have been reported in the treatment of vertebral artery dissection. The two main treatments involve medication: anticoagulation (using heparin and warfarin) and antiplatelet drugs (usually aspirin). More rarely, thrombolysis (medication that dissolves blood clots) may be administered, and occasionally obstruction may be treated with angioplasty and stenting.
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Campylobacteriosis seems to be dependent on several virulence factors involving adhesion, invasion and bacterial motility adherence. Campylobacter secrete a cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), which is an AB toxin composed of three subunits encoded by cdtA, cdtB and cdtC. This toxin has DNase activity, which causes DNA double-strand breaks during the cell cycle G2 phase, leading eventually to cell apoptosis in HeLa and Caco-2 cells.
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The three genes discovered were denoted cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC. In 1997, the first paper of many to show G2/M cell cycle arrest caused by a cytolethal distending toxin was published in Molecular Microbiology. The study focused on another E. coli strain. This paper was followed by a 1999 publication in Infectious Immunity, which demonstrated that H. ducreyi CDT causes cell death via apoptosis.
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Edlin, G., L. Lin, and R. Bitner, Reproductive fitness of P1, P2, and Mu lysogens of Escherichia coli. J Virol, 1977. 21(2): p. 560-564. Furthermore, it was shown that P2 prophage may contribute to the dissemination of cytolethal distending toxins among E. coli O157 strains and facilitate their niche expansion among different animal hosts, which provides new insights into the pathogenesis of E. coli O157.
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The cannon is "armed" by pulling the diaphragm out, distending the elastic bands, and is "fired" by releasing the diaphragm. The diaphragm quickly pushes a quantity of air out of the open end, creating a vortex ring. An air vortex cannon can be made easily at home,How to Make Vortex Cannons- Instructables from just a cardboard box.The Vortex Cannon - Student Science at YouTube.
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Keuning is noted as a guitarist for playing anthemic and soaring solos in addition to sweetened and often percussive style playing frequently. He is also noted for his "unusual voicings" and "digit-distending, string-skipping" finger work on the guitar in similar fashion of Andy Summers of The Police. Keuning was featured in Guitarist magazine in May 2009Crompton, Jamie. "Dave Keuning Interview: Serial Killer" Guitarist May 2009 Iss.
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The objective of treatment is to decompress the bowel and to prevent swallowed air from further distending the bowel. If decompression is not achieved or the patient does not improve within 24 hours, a colectomy (surgical removal of all or part of the colon) is indicated. When surgery is required the recommended procedure is a subtotal colectomy with end ileostomy. Fluid and electrolyte replacement help to prevent dehydration and shock.
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Cytolethal distending toxins (abbreviated CDTs) are a class of heterotrimeric toxins produced by certain gram-negative bacteria that display DNase activity. These toxins trigger G2/M cell cycle arrest in specific mammalian cell lines, leading to the enlarged or distended cells for which these toxins are named. Affected cells die by apoptosis. Each toxin consists of three distinct subunits named alphabetically in the order that their coding genes appear in the cdt operon.
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This practice was also carried out in Ireland, as well as in parts of England, particularly in Leicestershire, although in England the salt was intended to prevent air from distending the corpse."Salt", IN: The Table Book of Daily Recreation and Information; Concerning Remarkable Men, Manners, Times, Seasons, Solemnities, Merry-Makings, Antiquities and Novelties, Forming a Complete History of the Year, ed. William Hone, (London: 1827) p 262. Retrieved on 2008-07-02.
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In humans, the sites of tissue injury include the jejunum, the ileum, and the colon. Most strains of C jejuni produce cytolethal distending toxin, which inhibits cell division and impedes activation of the immune system. This helps the bacteria to evade the immune system and survive for a limited time inside intestinal cells. A cholera-like enterotoxin was also, at one time, believed to be produced, but this appears not to be the case.
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During February and March, the male emits a high clear trill by distending a vocal sac on its throat, in hopes of attracting a mate. A female will choose a male based on certain characteristics of his call. Small isolated pools and ponds are the toad's main breeding ground. A female toad will lay several thousand eggs in long single-egg strands that are fertilized externally by the male as they are laid.
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Individual cytolethal distending toxins are named for the bacterial species that they are isolated from. As of 2011, most scientists have adopted the practice of placing the first letter of both the genus and species in front of the toxin name to reflect its source (i.e., the CDT from Haemaphilus ducreyi is referred to as HdCDT). If several subspecies produce different toxins, as in the case of E. coli, Roman numerals may be added after the second letter.
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The French believed they cut off the edges of their ear lobes, so referred to them as the Courte Oreilles, or "Short Ears." An alternative explanation is that some tribes in the region had a practice of distending their earlobes by earrings or other ornaments, and the local people's ears looked short in contrast. But the Indians of the Lac Courte Oreilles area did not practice that custom and had naturally shaped "short" ears.See Philip P. Mason (ed.).
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Rather, the buccal cavity allows for small pressure changes that are thought to have an olfactory purpose. This buccal/nares component to the amphiuma respiratory process supplements the contribution performed by the lung. It is the pressure control performed in the lungs that drive the inhalation and exhalation forces through the flexing of smooth muscle in the lung. In order to exhale, amphiuma push air from their lungs into their buccal cavity, distending the cavity, before releasing the air.
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In addition to saline, the balloon that is made from silicone may contain some radio-opaque material as a radiographic marker and a dye such as methylene blue to alert the patient if the balloon leaks. Studies have suggested that fluid is superior to air for distending gastric balloons. Inflated balloons reduce the operative volume capacity of the stomach. While the typical gastric volume is about 900 ml, an inflated balloon may take up most of the space, about 700 (+/-100) ml.
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When kappa particles shed from a killer paramecium are ingested, R bodies extend within the acidic food vacuole of the predatory paramecium, distending and rupturing the membrane. This liberates the contents of the food vacuole into the cytoplasm of the paramecium. While feeding kappa particles to sensitive paramecium results in the death of paramecium, feeding purified R bodies or R bodies recombinantly expressed in E. coli is not toxic. Thus, R bodies are thought to function as a toxin delivery system.
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In the demo; as many as three Boys were shown interacting on a flat plane filled with barnyard animals; their elastic bodies were used to snap, whip, entangle, and drag themselves around. The Boys could swallow animals, distending the Boys' bellies, which could then be whipped to the posterior to be expelled. A second gameplay demo was shown at the Tokyo Game Show 2008 Namco Bandai exhibit. Boy is guided through a two-dimensional maze with walls made up of colorful squares.
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By suddenly retracting the tongue and distending the gular (throat) floor, pressure immediately drops within the mouth, sucking the prey in with the water. Dietary information is available from stomach contents analyses of stranded beaked whales and from whaling operations. Their preferred diet is primarily deep-water squid, but also benthic and benthopelagic fish and some crustaceans, mostly taken near the sea floor. In a recent study, gouge marks in the sea floor were interpreted to be a result of feeding activities by beaked whales.
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Chenxiang Huaqi Wan () is a greyish-brown to yellowish-brown pill used in Traditional Chinese medicine to "regulate the flow of qi in the liver and the stomach, and to remove the retention of undigested food". It is used in cases where there is "stagnation of qi in the liver and the stomach marked by distending pain in the epigastrium, feeling of stuffiness and fullness in the chest, anorexia, belching and acid regurgitation". State Pharmacopoeia Commission of the PRC (2005). "Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China (Volume I)".
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During expiration the high positive pressures in the pulmonary blood vessels pushing out are opposed by high positive airway pressures pushing back and this does not place undue stress on the thin blood vessel walls. During inspiration, the high positive pressures in the pulmonary blood vessels pushing out are met by negative pressures distending the blood vessel and placing increased stress on the walls. Studies in vitro show that significant disruption of the pulmonary capillaries occurs at pressures of approximately 80 mmHg. In vivo, significant EIPH occurs above a mean pulmonary artery pressure of around 80–95 mmHg.
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Food scarcity at depths greater than 400 m is also thought to be a factor, since larger body size can improve ability to forage for widely scattered resources. In organisms with planktonic eggs or larvae, another possible advantage is that larger offspring, with greater initial stored food reserves, can drift for greater distances. As an example of adaptations to this situation, giant isopods gorge on food when available, distending their bodies to the point of compromising ability to locomote; they can also survive 5 years without food in captivity. According to Kleiber's rule, the larger an animal gets, the more efficient its metabolism becomes; i.e.
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Some authors suggest performing a 'recruiting maneuver'a short time at a very high continuous positive airway pressure, such as 50 cm (4.9 kPa)to recruit or open collapsed units with a high distending pressure before restoring previous ventilation. The final PEEP level should be the one just before the drop in Pa or peripheral blood oxygen saturation during a step-down trial. A large randomized controlled trial of patients with ARDS found that lung recruitment maneuvers and PEEP titration was associated with high rates of barotrauma and pneumothorax and increased mortality. Intrinsic PEEP (iPEEP) or auto-PEEPfirst described by John Marini of St. Paul Regions Hospitalis a potentially unrecognized contributor to PEEP in intubated individuals.
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In an already infected "donor" cell, the Listeria bacterium expresses ActA, which results in formation of the actin comet tail and movement of the bacterium throughout the cytoplasm. When the bacterium encounters the donor cell membrane, it will either ricochet off it or adhere to it and begin to push outwards, distending the membrane and forming a protrusion of 3-18 μm. The close interaction between the bacterium and the host cell membrane is thought to depend on Ezrin, a member of the ERM family of membrane-associated proteins. Ezrin attaches the actin-propelled bacterium to the plasma membrane by crosslinking the actin comet tail to the membrane, and maintains this interaction throughout the protrusion process.
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By mid-1858 the problems with the Thames had been building for several years. In his novel Little Dorrit—published as a serial between 1855 and 1857—Charles Dickens wrote that the Thames was "a deadly sewer ... in the place of a fine, fresh river". In a letter to a friend, Dickens said: "I can certify that the offensive smells, even in that short whiff, have been of a most head-and-stomach-distending nature", while the social scientist and journalist George Godwin wrote that "in parts the deposit is more than six feet deep" on the Thames foreshore, and that "the whole of this is thickly impregnated with impure matter". In June 1858 the temperatures in the shade in London averaged —rising to in the sun.
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At this point, bubbles may form and grow in the tissues, and may cause damage either by distending the tissue locally, or blocking small blood vessels, shutting off blood supply to the downstream side, and resulting in hypoxia of those tissues. Divers inside a recompression chamber This effect is called decompression sickness or 'the bends', and must be avoided by reducing the pressure on the body slowly while ascending and allowing the inert gases dissolved in the tissues to be eliminated while still in solution. This process is known as "off-gassing", and is done by restricting the ascent (decompression) rate to one where the level of supersaturation is not sufficient for bubbles to form or grow. This level is only known statistically, and may vary for reasons which are not well understood.
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The characteristic three white stripes on the abdomen of male P. mellyi plays an important role in determining wasp behavior in both intra- and intersexual contexts of the species; the armament-ornament model proposes that the presence of ornaments (in this case, the active display of three white stripes) to be seen as a status badge that is used for both male-to-male competition and courtships for future mates. During patrol activity over its hover sites, male P. mellyi openly displays its three white stripes on its tergites by fully distending its abdomen. A positive correlation has been found between elicited stripe display and mating success: male individuals who displayed their stripes the most, not simply the most active ones, were the individuals who had the highest chance of mating with females. This kind of mating success via the stripes display, however, comes with a cost: According to a stripe manipulation study, when an extra stripe was added, the frequency of the attacks received by the male rival had doubled.
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