787 Sentences With "abutment" | Random Sentence Generator

McClendon died on March 2 when his vehicle slammed into a concrete bridge abutment in Oklahoma.

A car with two men inside has slammed into a bridge abutment, flames pour from under the hood.

Fifty-five percent of fatalities occur in single-vehicle crashes, in which, for example, a vehicle strikes a bridge abutment or other stationary object.

Abraham Zapruder, an immigrant Russian dress manufacturer, caught the fatal shot with a Bell & Howell Zoomatic camera while standing on a four-foot concrete abutment.

McClendon's Chevy Tahoe slammed into a concrete bridge abutment on March 2, one day after federal prosecutors indicted him for violating anti-trust laws by rigging bids for oil lands.

It was 42 inches in diameter and located deep beneath a bridge abutment and entry ramp for the 150th Street overpass, which spans South Conduit Avenue and the Belt Parkway.

The examiner said he died of "multiple blunt force trauma" and his corpse suffered "extensive thermal burns and charring" after his Chevy Tahoe slammed into a concrete bridge abutment on March 2.

Energy entrepreneur McClendon was speeding well in excess of the 50 mph speed limit before he drove left of the center lane for 189 feet and slammed into a bridge abutment on March 2.

After being goaded by his employees, he went back to fetch it in time to position himself on a concrete abutment with an unobstructed view of Elm Street where the presidential motorcade was due to pass.

The artistry here lies in such moments of uncanny abutment: Sometimes the stage erupts into a frenzy of sound and motion: chairs and tables are moved rapidly about the stage; bodies sprint and cluster as shouting voices overlap.

Russo: If you look back at the early part of my career, my first job or two, looking back on it now, you know, 30 years ago, well 34 years ago, I can see where I was pretty close to running into an abutment and that was the end of it.

In conical fit abutments, the collar of the abutment sits inside the implant which allows a stronger junction between implant and abutment and a better seal against bacteria into the implant body. To improve the gingival seal around the abutment collar, a narrowed collar on the abutment is used, referred to as platform switching. The combination of conical fits and platform switching gives marginally better long term periodontal conditions compared to flat-top abutments. Regardless of the abutment material or technique, an impression of the abutment is then taken and a crown secured to the abutment with dental cement.

The movable connector attaches the pontic to the mesial abutment, enabling this abutment tooth limited movement in a vertical direction.

Fracture of abutment screws in 3 consecutive implants due to severe over-torqueing. In a three piece implant the abutment is fixed on the implant with a screw butt joint. This screw needs to be tightened to a predetermined torque with a dental torque wrench, in order to avoid screw loosening during chewing, which can often create a counter-clockwise torque on the implant-abutment interface, encouraging the abutment screw to come loose. This can largely be prevented with proper screw design and torquing of the abutment.

The abutment is seated on the implant, a screw passes through the abutment to secure it to an internal thread on the implant (lag-screw). There are variations on this, such as when the abutment and implant body are one piece or when a stock (prefabricated) abutment is used. Custom abutments can be made by hand, as a cast metal piece or custom milled from metal or zirconia, all of which have similar success rates. The platform between the implant and the abutment can be flat (buttress) or conical fit.

Ceramic Abutment connected to implant Ceramic crown bonded to abutment Dental bridge abutments are made such that the path of insertion of the teeth involved is nearly parallel with each other.

An alternative to the traditional bridge is the adhesive bridge (also called a Maryland bridge). An adhesive bridge utilises "wings" on the sides of the pontic which attach it to the abutment teeth. Abutment teeth require minor or no preparation. They are most often used when the abutment teeth are whole and sound (i.e.

It is a wood plank bridge with stone abutment walls.

The northernmost pier is relatively close to the shore and subsequently the northern abutment is less elaborate and imposing than the southern abutment. Immediately to the north of the southernmost abutment, but slightly off alignment, is a concrete footing on the shoreline at the mean high water mark, which may have been linked to construction of the former or current bridges.

Under the abutment of the 1946 bridge there is a room containing a compressor and other materials. This space has a concrete vaulted ceiling and was originally an arched opening under the abutment and subsequently infilled.

The "Columbia" struck the abutment, the engine supported by the stonework while the tender hung downward toward the river valley. The first express car fell into the ravine, crashing nose-first into the ground at the base of the abutment. The "Columbia" slipped backward off the abutment, landing upside-down and backward atop the first express car. It then fell onto its side, its trucks pointing north.

A seven-foot diameter draw-off tunnel in one abutment controls reservoir elevation.

Two uncontrolled ogee crest spillways are concrete lined and located on each abutment.

In dentistry, an abutment is a connecting element. This is used in the context of a fixed bridge (the "abutment teeth" referring to the teeth supporting the bridge), partial removable dentures (the "abutment teeth" referring to the teeth supporting the partial) and in implants (used to attach a crown, bridge, or removable denture to the dental implant fixture). The implant fixture is the screw-like component that is osseointegrated.

Single tooth implant restoration Single tooth restorations are individual freestanding units not connected to other teeth or implants, used to replace missing individual teeth. For individual tooth replacement, an implant abutment is first secured to the implant with an abutment screw. A crown (the dental prosthesis) is then connected to the abutment with dental cement, a small screw, or fused with the abutment as one piece during fabrication. Dental implants, in the same way, can also be used to retain a multiple tooth dental prosthesis either in the form of a fixed bridge or removable dentures.

September 12, 1962. The pilings were blasted out to a depth of below the waterline. The Aqueduct Bridge's Washington abutment and a remnant of the bridge's Virginia abutment still survive. Both are located a short distance west (upstream) of the Key Bridge.

This flat will interdigitate with the corresponding flat of the Try-in and Core Abutment.

After an implant is placed, the internal components are covered with either a healing abutment, or a cover screw. A healing abutment passes through the mucosa, and the surrounding mucosa is adapted around it. A cover screw is flush with the surface of the dental implant, and is designed to be completely covered by mucosa. After an integration period, a second surgery is required to reflect the mucosa and place a healing abutment.

The concrete, poured onto the limestone abutments and wing walls, was added in 1975; other than that, the bridge is essentially in original condition. A fragmentary abutment, which supported an earlier, shorter structure at the same crossing, is located west of the current east bank abutment.

An abutment is not necessarily parallel to the long axis of the implant. It is utilized when the implant is at a different inclination in relation to the proposed prosthesis. Most crowns and fixed partial dentures have a cemented or screw-retained fixation on the abutment.

The spans of the two-lane highway are fixed in the outboard supports (on the downstream side). The total length of the bridge, including approaches from abutment to abutment, was 1,435.32 metres. The height above the water edge was 24 metres. A catchment area was 1,730,000 km2.

Fixed bridge: A dental prosthesis that is definitively attached to natural teeth and replaces missing teeth. Abutment: The tooth that supports and retains a dental prosthesis. Pontic: The artificial tooth that replaces a missing natural tooth. Retainer: The component attached to the abutment for retention of the prosthesis.

An abutment is selected depending on the application. In many single crown and fixed partial denture scenarios (bridgework), custom abutments are used. An impression of the top of the implant is made with the adjacent teeth and gingiva. A dental lab then simultaneously fabricates an abutment and crown.

Fracture of abutment screws in 3 consecutive implants due to severe over- torquing. A dental torque wrench or restorative torque wrench is a torque wrench used to precisely apply a specific torque to a fastener bolt for fixation of an abutment, dentures or prosthetics on a dental implant.

All spillways afford a maximum discharge of . The dam's power station is split into two underground power stations, one located behind the right abutment, the second behind the left abutment. Each power station contains nine 770 MW Francis turbine-generators for a total installed capacity of 13,860 MW.

Multiple factors influence the selection of appropriate abutment teeth. These include the size of potential abutment tooth, with larger teeth having an increased surface area preferable for retention, using teeth with a stable periodontal status, favourable tooth angulation, favourable tooth position, and an adequate crown- root ratio. Careful abutment selection is critical for the success of bridgework. The prosthesis must be capable of tolerating occlusal forces, which would normally be received by the missing tooth as well as its normal occlusal loading.

Remnants of the western abutment of the 1871 bridge still exist adjacent to that of the current bridge.

Cream-colored concrete abutment gives vertical support to the small red rail bridge, and to the earthen fill of the bridge approach embankment. Kurobe Dam in Japan rests on artificial concrete abutments. Abutment for a large steel arch bridge Brick abutment supporting disused tramway over the Yass River in Yass, New South Wales In engineering, abutment refers to the substructure at the ends of a bridge span or dam whereon the structure's superstructure rests or contacts. Single-span bridges have abutments at each end which provide vertical and lateral support for the bridge, as well as acting as retaining walls to resist lateral movement of the earthen fill of the bridge approach.

The southern abutment is constructed in concrete and face Hawkesbury sandstone and rises approximately above the shoreline. It is classical in detail, particularly to the side elevations with the north-facing elevation constructed in ashlar stonework. Constructed on top of the abutment is a s concrete block staff building associated with the maintenance depot. Within this 1960s structure and affixed to the top of the abutment is a large cast iron plaque which formally sat on the crest of the first span of the former rail bridge.

A sound processor behind the ear Bone-anchored hearing aids use a surgically implanted abutment to transmit sound by direct conduction through bone to the inner ear, bypassing the external auditory canal and middle ear. A titanium prosthesis is surgically embedded into the skull with a small abutment exposed outside the skin. A sound processor sits on this abutment and transmits sound vibrations to the titanium implant. The implant vibrates the skull and inner ear, which stimulate the nerve fibers of the inner ear, allowing hearing.

It commemorates construction of the bridge by the Union Bridge Company. On the southern abutment there is a range of historic graffiti dating from 1901 to the present day. North from this abutment are a series of large sandstone piers within the Hawkesbury River. The deck of the former bridge has been removed.

The plaque was installed near the west abutment of Navajo Bridge in 1952, where it has remained to this day.

A bone oscillator is placed on the mastoid of the skull on the worse ear, either using a surgically embedded abutment (with external sound processor held on by a percutaneous abutment or a magnet implanted under the skin) or physically held on with a headband. Sound is transmitted through the skull to the better ear.

Hadrian's Wall and Chesters bridge abutment The remains of the bridge on the east bank of the River North Tyne are approached along a footpath from near Chollerford Bridge. These remains were first located in 1860. They form one of the most impressive and massive masonry structures to be seen on Hadrian's Wall. A shift in the course of the Tyne has moved the river westwards about , completely covering or sweeping away much of the west abutment, leaving the eastern abutment high, if not always dry, on the other bank.

Retainers can be major or minor. Unit: Pontics and abutment teeth are referred to as units. The total number of units in a bridge is equal to the number of pontics plus the number of abutment teeth. Saddle: The area on the alveolar ridge which is edentulous where at least one missing tooth is to be reinstated.

The taper of each preparation on the abutment teeth must be the same. This is known as parallelism among the abutments and allows the bridge to fit onto the abutment teeth. Adhesive bridges require minimal preparation. # Master impressions: An accurate impression should be made of the prepared teeth, along with an impression of the opposing arch.

In a two piece implant the abutment is morse tapered or cold welded on the implant. Microbial leakage and colonization between the implant and the abutments can result in inflammatory reactions and crestal bone loss. Morse taper conical abutments showed a cumulative implant survival rate of 98.23% in terms of seal performance, microgap formation, torque maintenance, and abutment stability.

It may be necessary to position the implant further back than usual to enable successful reconstructive surgery – but not so far as to compromise hearing performance. If the reconstruction is ultimately successful, it is easy to remove the percutaneous BAHA abutment. If the surgery is unsuccessful, the abutment can be replaced and the implant re-activated to restore hearing.

One side of the bridge is in Venango County, the other in Clarion County, but the southwest abutment resides in Butler County.

A fourth arch, smaller than the others and the only one still remaining somewhat intact, carried the roadway to the northern abutment. At the south, where the roadway meets the steep slope up to the citadel, there was no need for a corresponding fifth arch, and the flanking arch led directly to the massive masonry construction of the abutment. The southern abutment is pierced by an arched gateway, and it appears that some writers have counted this as a fifth structural arch. Meinecke describes the bridge as a whole as being "a unique masterpiece of architectural engineering".

Dental implants are prosthetic replacements for missing teeth. According to ICOI (International Congress of Oral Implantologists) there are commonly three parts to what it is described as an implant: the implant device which is predominantly made of titanium (which is inserted into the bone), the abutment, and a dental crown or a denture which are connected to the implant through the abutment.

Canullo L, et al. _Platform switching and marginal bone-level alterations: The results of a randomized-controlled trial_ , Clin Oral Implants Res 2010;21:115-121. When platform switching, a narrower abutment diameter for a given implant platform diameter is used; for example, a 4.8 mm-wide implant may be restored with a 3.8 mm-wide or 4.2 mm-wide abutment.

Non-integral bridges incorporate at least one expansion joint (pictured) to accommodate movement An integral bridge contains no expansion joints, spanning monolithically from abutment to abutment. Movement due to thermal expansion and contraction or braking loads is accommodated by the end walls or abutments. Where intermediate supports are specified (e.g. bridge piers) these may also serve to resist thermal expansion movements.

The structure is of a Burr Truss. Ten braced king posts are tensioned by sweeping segmented timber arches that sandwich the braced posts. In 1920 the bridge was strengthened with the addition two great laminated lumber arches. 2" X 12" spruce planks were bent and stacked to arch from abutment to abutment following the curve of the original Burr Truss arch.

Bridge location in red The bridge was located in Minneapolis, Minnesota's largest city and connected the neighborhoods of Downtown East and Marcy-Holmes. The south abutment was northeast of the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, and the north abutment was northwest of the University of Minnesota East Bank campus. The bridge was the southeastern boundary of the "Mississippi Mile" downtown riverfront parkland.Flanagan, Barbara.

The abutment is described as a "sturdy, tapered, limestone pillar" with the "stone of the pillar is expertly laid and is typical of the construction methods of the era". The abutment is a protected historical structure located in Aurora, Ontario. It is designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. The structure was designated by the Town of Aurora in late 2006.

The structure is supported on two stone piers and a stone abutment. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Although the floodwaters topped the unfinished piers, there was no damage."Abutment Safe, Belief Menace of Flood Over, Losses Small." Washington Post. May 3, 1928.

The southern terminus of the late Wisconsinan glaciation is also in the area. A wood plank bridge on stone masonry abutment walls crosses the stream.

Difference in bone levels became statistically significant when the implant-abutment diameter mismatch was greater than 0.8 mm, providing a 0.4 mm circumferential width of platform switch when the center of the abutment is aligned with and fixed to the center of the implant.Atieh MA, et al. _Platform switching for marginal bone preservation around dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis_. J Perio 2010;81:1350-1366.

The movement is largest in the upper portion of the abutment, where thermal effects are greatest. Highways England specify that integral bridges should be designed to limit movement to . Due to repeated expansion and contraction cycles the backfill adjacent to the abutment is subject to ratcheting, whereby the material's stiffness is increased. The maximum stiffness level is reached after around 100–200 thermal expansion cycles.

The BAHA sound processor sits on this abutment and transmits sound vibrations to the external abutment of the titanium implant. The implant vibrates the skull and inner ear, which stimulate the nerve fibers of the inner ear, allowing hearing. The surgical procedure is simple both for the surgeon, involving very few risks for the experienced ear surgeon. For the patient, minimal discomfort and pain is reported.

The bridge's portal sign was reused, though the portal webbing had to be replaced. During reconstruction of the bridge, the abutments were also rebuilt. At some point prior to renovation, the northern abutment was covered or replaced with concrete, whereas the southern abutment was fieldstone and likely original. The Delhi Metropark, created in the 1950s, has contributed to the bridge's popularity as a tourist attraction.

The 1865 abutments are physically separate from the other structures a short distance to the east of them. Made of light coloured, rusticated sandstone blocks, they are wide, massive structures set into the banks of the river. The lower section of the northern abutment is wider than the upper section, forming a kind of plinth. On the southern abutment, the lower courses of sandstone are mostly buried.

The Silk Covered Bridge is located roughly midway between downtown Bennington and North Bennington, on Silk Road, which connects Vermont Route 67A and Vermont Route 279. The bridge has a relatively rural setting. It is oriented north-south across the west-flowing Walloomsac River. Its northern abutment is original stone slab, which has been faced in concrete, while the southern abutment is a reconstructed concrete structure.

Curved stone kerbing defines the footpath from the road way. The white marble memorial tablet is situated on the landward side of the up-river pylon of the arch. The abutment is isolated from its original context as the approach road and bridge decking are no longer in place. Additional stabilising footings and retaining works have been constructed to maintain the abutment in its present location.

The longitudinal forces, including from braking and accelerating, are transferred to the ground at the eastern abutment, which forms the new fixed-point of the bridge. Therefore, the abutment was replaced by a new structure built on piles. In the west, the bridge connects with the Rhine bridge. The track has an expansion joint that allows for longitudinal movements of up to 700 mm.

The pontic is firmly attached to a retainer at one end of the span (major retainer) and attached via a movable joint at the other end (minor retainer). A major advantage of this type of bridge is that the movable joint can accommodate the angulation differences in the abutment teeth in long axis, which enables the path of insertion to be irrespective of the alignment of the abutment tooth. This enables a more conservative approach as the abutments do not need to be prepared so that are parallel to one and other. Ideally the rigid connector should attach the pontic to the more distal abutment.

The abutment seen in 2014 The Aurora Radial Railway Bridge Abutment is all that remains of a bridge that was built across the Grand Trunk Railway line in 1899 as part of the Metropolitan Street Railway Company which built its radial line from Toronto along Yonge Street through Aurora, ending at Lake Simcoe. The bridge was removed in 1922 when radial tracks were relocated to share the Yonge Street underpass under the Grand Trunk Railway line. The radial line eventually closed in 1930 with the tracks removed the following year. The abutment is the last large remaining artefact of the radial railway in Aurora.

The bridge was the principal means of access between the village railroad station (located near its southern abutment) and the village proper on the north bank.

The river banks in front of the east abutment and the central pier are reinforced with pitched stones but some of these have been lost to flooding.

High Translucent zirconium fixed - fixed bridge built with VM9 vita porcelain and stained with luster paste. The upper first premolar is considered the pontic and the teeth prepared are abutments. Conventional bridges are bridges that are supported by full coverage crowns, three-quarter crowns, post-retained crowns, onlays and inlays on the abutment teeth. In these types of bridges, the abutment teeth require preparation and reduction to support the prosthesis.

Demolition revealed the abutment and springing of an older bridge inside the abutment on the Cropredy side.} The springing was very low down, below the present summer water level of the river. In 1937 the two-arched bridge was demolished and replaced with the present three-span one. As much as possible of the Hornton stone of the old bridge was used in the facing of the new one.

Bids for the $3 million abutment and pier job were advertised in mid-November 1925."Arlington Bridge Bids' Advertising Date Made Nov. 15." Washington Post. September 25, 1925.

A cantilever is a bridge where a pontic is attached to a retainer only at one side. The abutment tooth may be mesial or distal to the pontic.

Uncontrolled chute spillway near left (south) abutment, crest elevation 941 ft, length of crest 95 ft, design discharge with surcharge of 12 ft and freeboard of 2 ft.

Later surveys showed the eastern abutment had rotated and moved by 100–150 mm and sunk 0.7 m, and the bridge bearings had overrun by 100 mm. The bridge problems were caused by underestimations of the depth of the soft alluvial layers on the eastern bank, and secondly overestimation of the rate at which the ground would consolidate during construction which led to the assumption that the settlement of the eastern abutment would be largely over by the time the abutment was complete – instead significant settlement was to continue on after construction. Ground settlement is a problem in the area – the nearby 'Tees Bridge' rail bridge had speed restrictions imposed as it too showed signs of distress.

The omission of the expansion joint removes a significant maintenance and durability issue, as it serves as a point of ingress for road salts which allows the abutment, piers and deck soffit concrete to come under chloride attack that can cause degradation and eventual span failure. A 1989 British study showed that the majority of expansion joints surveyed in existing bridges had failed and allowed water (and hence salt) ingress. The movement experienced at the abutment in an integral bridge is an order of magnitude greater than those designed with movement joints. The size of movement depends on the stiffness of the bridge structure and the fill adjacent to the abutment (which is subject to compaction).

1870, spanning Owenmore River. Abutment supporting soffit, having shallow segmental- arch with stepped elongated voussoirs. Spandrels with sneck-like levellers at voussoirs. Ashlar wing walls, extensive to west side.

It was carried away in the great flood of 1774, but part of the eastern abutment is built on the intact easternmost span of the original 12th-century bridge.

Furthermore, by platform switching implants that are 3 mm apart or less or within 1.5 mm of the facial aspect of a thin buccal plate, the implant-abutment junction (IAJ) is shifted onto the implant platform away from the peri-implant bone, mitigating the deleterious impact of the inflammatory zone at the microgap of the implant-abutment junction on the bone, allowing for a reduction in the horizontal extent of bone loss.

The bridge was reconstructed in 1984, still in the truss style but only one arch was kept in the design. Only the brick abutment remains from the original structure. This land abutment was to be demolished during the reconstruction but protests from the local Nijmegen residents prevented this and it was instead declared a national monument. In 2004, a bicycle bridge known as the Snelbinder was added to the eastern side of the bridge.

At any rate, this remains the only area in which both the walls can be directly compared. Approximately 600 metres east of Birdoswald, at the foot of an escarpment, lies the remains of Willowford bridge. This carried Hadrian's Wall across the River Irthing. The westward movement of the river course over the centuries has left the east abutment of the bridge high and dry, while the west abutment has probably been destroyed by erosion.

Another variation on abutment/crown model is when the crown and abutment are one piece and the lag-screw traverses both to secure the one-piece structure to the internal thread on the implant. There does not appear to be any benefit, in terms of success, for cement versus screw-retained prosthetics, although the latter is believed to be easier to maintain (and change when the prosthetic fractures) and the former offers high esthetic performance.

First, the Titanodont implant allowed for complete interchangeability with abutments of varying diameters and angles. This interchangeability allowed for a more natural biological width. Second, the implant was grit blasted and acid etched, which provided both a larger surface area and preferable substrate for cells involved in osseointegration. Third, and perhaps most importantly, the Titanodont implant had a locking taper abutment connection, which allowed 360° of abutment positioning, along with a bacterial seal.

The Dingleton Hill Covered Bridge is located about east of New Hampshire Route 12, on Root Mill Road just south of Town House Road. The bridge is a single span kingspost truss structure running , resting on an original stone abutment and a 1954 concrete abutment. Its original wood-shingle roof has been replaced by corrugated metal. Only the lower half of the trusses are sheathed with vertical planking; the upper half is exposed.

It is the only Parker truss bridge in northwest Arkansas, and one of only seventeen steel truss bridges in the state. It has a span of , and an approach of 40 feet on the east side of the bridge. The stone range work pier and abutment on the eastern end and wooden planking for the bridge flooring were provided locally. The stone pier and abutment were replaced with a concrete structure in 1982.

The bridge has a total length of 1,654 m (5,425 ft) in 14 spans, abutment to abutment. The main span measures and the tied arch (the center part of the main span) is . The highest point of the bridge is above mean sea level; the clearance under the main span is at high tide. Ships must cross under this bridge when traversing the Panama Canal, and are subject to this height restriction.

In this design the connectors are rigid and there are one or more abutments at each end of the span; allowing load to be distributed more equally on abutment teeth.

Coursing is uneven and unlevel. A batter is achieved recessing each course back by approximately 5 cm. The northern abutment curves with the alignment of the road around the corner.

The abutment backwalls on both sides, and the pier expansion dam, will be repaired.June 8, 2007; Bi-state commission sets work plan for Upper Delaware Bridges; pocononews.net; retrieved June 9, 2007.

It has been observed that some degree of bone resorption occurs at the crest of bone following implant placement. Through extensive investigation, it has been discovered that the extent of bone resorption is related to both the texture of the surfaces of the implant and abutment at and the morphology of the implant- abutment junction (IAJ). A number of investigators have zeroed in on the proposed inflammatory cell infiltrate that forms a zone around the IAJ.Ericsson I, et al.

Along the west bank, the towpath is carried around the abutment on a walkway plinth that juts out into the river. On the east side the abutment wall drops straight to the river. The single track is carried on a ballasted timber deck even though the bridge is wide enough to accommodate double tracks. On 24 November 1859, the bridge's foundation stone was laid by Henry Orlando Bridgeman using a ceremonial silver trowel presented to him by the contractors.

A fixed-fixed bridge refers to a pontic which is attached to a retainer at both sides of the space with only one path of insertion. This type of design has a rigid connector at each end which connects the abutment to the pontic. As the abutments are connected together rigidly it is critical that during tooth preparation the proximal surfaces of the abutment teeth must be prepared so that they are parallel to each other.

For resin bonded bridges abutment teeth should ideally be unrestored and have enough enamel to support the metal wing retainer. Additionally there must be sufficient space to accommodate the minimum connector width of 0.7mm and 2mm connector height. It is acceptable for the abutment to be minimally restored with small composite restorations provided they are sound. It is advised to replace old composite restorations prior to cementation to provide optimum bond strength via the oxide layer.

This list of the longest arch bridge spans ranks the world's arch bridges by the length of their main span. The length of the main span is the most common way to rank bridges as it usually correlates with the engineering complexity involved in designing and constructing the bridge. If one bridge has a longer span than another it does not necessarily mean that the bridge is longer from shore to shore or from abutment to abutment.

Since 1907, when intermediate piers were built in the middle of the three original spans, the bridge has six spans. Between the original stone abutments, these additional brick piers alternate with the original stone piers. The superstructure consists of two massive, wrought iron, cellular (box) girders, continuous from abutment to abutment, no breaks at the piers. These deep girders are at centres which allows for a double track between them, supported on a series of closely spaced cross girders.

The cement retained option provides the assurance of maximum esthetics but has two downsides The first being the restoration is cemented to an abutment that is screw retained. If the abutment screw becomes loose the final restoration cannot be removed without destroying it, in many instances. This results in a remake and increased cost. The second is excess cement along the implant surface that can potentially act as medium for colonization by bacteria and can jeopardize the attachment.

An implant shown in actual size in adult hand An area where skin is penetrated requires care and cleaning because of the risk of inflammation around the abutment. Daily cleaning is required.

Other Grade II listings at the station include the two bridges: the surviving piers and abutment of the Chepstow Railway Bridge, and the bridge providing access to the steam mill and ironworks site.

The I-frame is essentially an H-frame without a crossbar linking the two legs. Each leg may have an abutment that acts as a stop to prevent the sign from sliding down.

Igelstabron spans between Pershagen and Hall. The bridge forms part of the Grödingebanan on the Western Main Line and opened in 1995. Södertälje Syd railway station is located on the bridge’s eastern abutment.

In April 2009, about a mile south-west of Uckfield there were two sections of embankments and cuttings, at ( - ) and ( - ). The remains of one bridge abutment were visible adjacent to a footpath at .

Around implants, biologic width formation has classically led to about 1.5 - 2 mm of bone loss in the vertical dimension at the coronal aspect of the implantsHermann JS, et al. _Crestal bone changes around titanium implants: a radiographic evaluation of unloaded non-submerged and submerged implants in the canine mandible_. J Perio 1997;68:1117-1130. because the abutment that attaches to the implant was often removed many times to allow for impression taking, abutment changing and other related clinical functions.

On the south side of the bridge a cross-section of the cable, containing 27,572 wires, is on display. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at . Since 1964 its main span length has been surpassed by fifteen bridges; it now has the second-longest main span in the Americas, after the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge in New York City. The total length of the Golden Gate Bridge from abutment to abutment is .

The pier is box-like and supports all machinery for the operation of the bascule, including the operator's cabin. The approaches and abutments at each end are varied due to the nature of the topography. The southern abutment is built up from the sandy beach level and has a retaining wall faced with stone on either side. The northern abutment is resting directly on the rock on the western side and is built up on the eastern side with a retaining wall.

Some of the stones were left with rough surfaces, while others were hammered smooth. In contrast to the fine stonework of the arch, the abutments and retaining walls are constructed of split-faced granite in irregular courses, wedged in place by stone chips. The northeast abutment continues along the river as a wing wall up to a massive stone pier, the former site of a mill dam. The southeast abutment is a granite reconstruction of coursed ashlar over concrete, done in 1951.

The fire completely destroyed the wood frames constructed for the pouring of concrete for the western abutment, and caused the partial collapse of the westernmost span. Severn Construction Co., the contractor working on that end of the bridge, said all the concrete for the abutment and the span was damaged and would have to be ripped out and replaced. There was no damage, however, to the granite masonry. Since no insurance was carried on the bridge, Severn Construction bore the $10,000 loss.

Work on the Boundary Channel Bridge began in the spring of 1929, but immediately ran into problems. An unstable rock shelf thick lay under the western abutment of the Arlington Memorial Bridge. This "rotten rock" had not been revealed by borings two years earlier, but now came to light as construction began on the Boundary Channel Bridge. Additionally, a thin layer of sand and gravel was discovered lying atop the bedrock of the eastern abutment of the Boundary Channel Bridge.

The south side nave has a sideways built abutment on the corner and two others on the south wall. Two broken windows with restored tracery lead into the nave on the eastern side and one on the eastern side. On the right by the upper part of the eastern abutment there is a rectangular plate inserted with a relief of a helmet with wings and fanfrnochs (Czech folk drums). The steeple is connected to the side wall of the nave.

If one bridge has a longer span than another it does not necessarily mean that the bridge is longer from shore to shore (or from abutment to abutment). Suspension bridges have the longest spans of any type of bridge. Cable-stayed bridges, the next longest design, are practical for spans up to just over 1 kilometre. Therefore, the 17 longest bridges on this list are all currently the 17 longest spans of all types of vehicular bridges (other than floating pontoon bridges).

Part of the northern abutment of the second permanent Victoria Bridge (1897) survives as the western end of the Queens Wharf Road retaining wall. Located below Queens Wharf Road and adjacent to the current Victoria Bridge, it is a substantial rock-faced porphyry structure with a smooth sloped sill stone at the junction between the base and the wall above. Adjoining the abutment is a curved battered wall, constructed of loose rough hewn porphyry blocks, that sits on a concrete base.

The unusually large outlet works allowed the reservoir to be drawn down by as much as per day,Wiltshire, p. 116 a measure not available eleven years later at Teton Dam. The reservoir was drawn down further during the remainder of the year, and work began on repairs to the embankment, along with an intensive program of pressure-grouting at the abutment and down the centerline of the dam embankment. Work continued through 1966, with a complete replacement of the right abutment embankment.

The Belah Viaduct in 1884 The signal box and southwest abutment of the demolished Belah Viaduct, in 2006 The northeast abutment of the viaduct looking across the Belah valley towards the SW abutment in 2016 The Belah Viaduct was a railway viaduct on the South Durham and Lancashire Union Railway, crossing the River Belah, in Cumbria, England, about a mile south of the village of Barras and 4 miles east north east of Kirkby Stephen. It was completed in 1860 and was demolished in 1963. The viaduct was designed by Thomas Bouch and the ironwork was supplied and erected by Gilkes Wilson; both Bouch and Gilkes Wilson were also responsible for the later Tay Bridge. It had 'double' Warren truss girders on cast iron columns, and was constructed at a cost of £31,630.

In 2014 the southeast abutment was rebuilt again with a grant from the National Trust for Historic Preservation. As of January 2014 the historic bridge carries a trail used by pedestrians, ATVs, and snowmobiles.

The engineer had been instructed to speed up going into the curve before the bridge, and then cut steam and coast across. The track leading to the abutment was newly installed and was rough.

The station at the earthen Long Valley Dam had produced many quality recordings since being put into operation in 1979 and saw mainshock accelerations of .09g on bedrock, and .24g on an upper abutment.

However, there is a picture of the first stone for the abutment loaded on a horse-drawn wagon. The Van Fossens tended to use poured concrete on their bridges while Daniels favored stone abutments.

The bridge and one abutment was rebuilt, and the road link reopened after 18 days. The works cost NZ$6m. Waiho River merges with Docherty Creek just before reaching the Tasman Sea southwest of Okarito.

Bowers died in August 1966, when his car left an empty road and struck a concrete bridge abutment near Midlothian, Texas."Executive Dies After Car Wreck", The Dallas Morning News, August 10, 1966, p. D4.

A dental torque wrench or restorative torque wrench is a torque wrench used to precisely apply a specific torque to a fastener screw for fixation of an abutment, dentures, or prosthetics on a dental implant.

The downstream face of the dam was vertical until near its abutment where it slightly curves out. Near the dam's right, or western, abutment there is a 10m deep cylindrical hole which served as an intake and outlet works for the dam. The outlet works is located at the bottom and is a larger opening but there are various smaller openings throughout the shaft to release water. The dam impounded a small reservoir that is no longer used and is mostly filled with silt.

By June 30, 1927, about 70 percent of the substructure was complete.Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital, 1928, p. 50. Abutments No. 1 and No. 2 and Piers No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 were constructed up to below the mean water line (where the granite masonry was to begin), and some granite facing was in place. The cofferdam for Pier No. 6 and Abutment No. 4 had been driven to bedrock, and Abutment No. 4 excavated.

By the end of June, excavation of the foundations for the grassy plaza and watergate were nearly finished. Grier- Lowrance then began work on the cofferdams that would allow construction of the foundation for the parkway approaches. Work on the bridge's abutments resumed once stability issues were addressed, and the two structures were almost complete by mid-1929. The H.P. Converse Company finished the western abutment (except for exterior masonry facing) in June, and construction raised the eastern abutment to just below the average low water level.

Its northern terminus is US 175; its southern terminus is Interstate 45. The northern section is a freeway to Overton Road, just south of the Trinity River bridge, and a surface street from there to its southern terminus. The southbound bridge is the original simple steel girder bridge from abutment to abutment while the northbound is newer and largely precast concrete - the only steel girders are the longer spans directly over the river. The southbound bridge was repainted by CEKRA for TxDOT in late 2015.

These abutments can be made from a variety of materials, such as titanium, surgical stainless steel and gold. The adjacent images show how a ceramic abutment can enhance a ceramic crown by giving it a more lifelike appearance. Ceramic abutments have to be used with care, however, since their compressive strength is nowhere near that of titanium, gold or other noble metals. Most clinicians feel more comfortable using a metal prosthetic abutment in the posterior molar areas, due to the increased masticatory forces present in these areas.

The east abutment and central pier lie on either side of the river and the west abutment is in the flood plain. Originally designed for a 7.5-tonne gross vehicle weight rating (GVW) traffic is currently restricted to a maximum of 3 tonnes GVW. Only one traffic lane is provided, with tidal flows controlled by signals at both ends of the bridge. Vehicles are restricted to and traffic barriers at either end narrow the road to reduce vehicle speeds and enforce a width restriction.

The Victoria Bridge Abutment is the remnant of the fourth Victoria Bridge (the second permanent bridge) to cross the Brisbane River at this point. Constructed in 1896 to a design by A B Brady, Queensland Government Architect, the bridge was constructed of iron, with stone abutments at each end. The stonework was undertaken by Arthur Midson and the ironwork by Messrs Cormick. The abutment comprises a large masonry podium supporting a section of road and a sawn stone rusticated arch with composite neoclassical ornament.

The bridge abutment was left as a ruin for some time following the demolition of the bridge, photographs taken in 1971 show that it was still in a ruined state at that time. Restoration work is reported as having been undertaken as a part of the revivification of the south bank area in preparation for the World Expo 88 which was held at South Bank Parklands. At that time two bronze plaques were attached to the side of the abutment recording the history of the bridge.

Architectural plans of cylinders & bracings to piers, 1893 Architectural plans of abutments, fencing, lamps, archway etc, 1893 The Victoria Bridge Abutment stands on the southern side of the Brisbane River downstream of the existing Victoria bridge. It consists of a large stone podium with rock-faced ashlar facing. The upriver side is faced with polygonal masonry, indicating that it is newer stonework. The podium is capped with the downstream arch of the southern abutment, together with a section of roadway which retains the tracks of the tramway.

The Dodd Ford Bridge survived for most of its life with minimal alterations. The Blue Earth County Highway Department repaired some cracking of the north abutment during the 1970s and reinforced, by welding and bracing, a few collision-damaged members of the east web during the 1980s. In April 1993, however, the bridge suffered severe substructural damage when high water undermined a portion of the south abutment and swept away the southeast wing wall. The county immediately closed the structure and made plans for its replacement.

Its catchment area will be . The dam will contain two spillways. The main service spillway will be an diameter tunnel in the right abutment with two flood gates. The discharge capacity of this spillway will be .

Grade 5 titanium, Titanium 6AL-4V (signifying the titanium alloy containing 6 percent aluminium and 4 percent vanadium alloy) is slightly harder than CP4 and used in the industry mostly for abutment screws and abutments. Most modern dental implants also have a textured surface (through etching, anodic oxidation or various- media blasting) to increase the surface area and osseointegration potential of the implant. If C.P. titanium or a titanium alloy has more than 85% titanium content, it will form a titanium-biocompatible titanium oxide surface layer or veneer that encloses the other metals, preventing them from contacting the bone. Ceramic (zirconia-based) implants exist in one-piece (combining the screw and the abutment) or two-piece systems - the abutment being either cemented or screwed - and might lower the risk for peri‐implant diseases, but long-term data on success rates is missing.

This design is simple without the requirement of linking abutments at each end of the bridge span. However, it is the most mechanically unsound out of all the designs as the load is transmitted to one abutment.

On a bridge, the portion of the structure that is the span and directly receives the live load is referred to as the superstructure. In contrast, the abutment, piers, and other support structures are called the substructure.

A main concrete gravity dam has a maximum height of from its foundations, with an integrated intake structure and powerhouse. A 900 m right-abutment rockfill closure dam has a concrete slab face and a maximum height of 50 m, and a 4,200 m left-abutment earth and rockfill closure dam has a maximum height of 45 m. A spillway with nine spans and radial surface gates has an aggregate flow capacity. A powerhouse is integrated with the main dam with space for 12 generating units (360 m) and an assembly bay of .

Zapruder initially decided to film the motorcade from the window of his office but later decided to film from Dealey Plaza as the angle was better. He chose a concrete abutment which extends from a retaining wall that was part of the John Neely Bryan concrete pergola on the grassy knoll north of Elm Street, in Dealey Plaza. Sitzman offered to join Zapruder as he suffered from vertigo and was apprehensive about standing on the abutment unassisted. Sitzman and Zapruder climbed on top of the 4-foot (1.2 m) high pedestal.

Philippart, p. 72. Quickly, the Austrians possessed all the earthworks of the town, the village itself, and the fortress; their skirmishers reached one side of the abutment of the old palisade bridge and advanced to the other side, crossing the islands formed by branches of the Kinzig and the Rhine. They halted almost under the eyes of the French sentinels; there is some confusion about why they stopped, but apparently they mistook the abutment for the last bridge itself. The French executed several attempts to retake the bridges.

The Bog Bridge spans Pleasant Brook, a tributary of the Blackwater River, just south of where New Hampshire Route 11 crosses the river. The bridge is long and wide, with a span over the brook of , and is clad in vertical planking. The asphalt shingle roof, a replacement made in 1982, is the only major modification to the bridge. The bridge rests on abutments of roughly coursed granite blocks; the eastern abutment is original, without mortar, while the western abutment was damaged in the 1938 New England hurricane and rebuilt with cement mortar.

They are cut off prior to final cementation. The proximal surfaces of the pre-solder index abutment and pontic, showing lab-processed grooves for added retention of the GC pattern resin The abutment and pontic joined with GC pattern resin in a solder index and reinforced with an old bur (lying horizontally across the occlusal surface of the copings). A bridge is a fixed dental restoration (a fixed dental prosthesis) used to replace one or more missing teeth by joining an artificial tooth definitively to adjacent teeth or dental implants.

The Hammond Covered Bridge is located north of the Pittsford Village center, just north of Kendall Hill Road, a secondary street providing access from United States Route 7 to points on the west side of Otter Creek. The bridge spans the creek in an east-west orientation. It is a single-span Town lattice structure, with trusses in length, and a roadway width of . The eastern abutment is built of stone and marble slabs, and is now topped by a concrete pad, while the western abutment is marble topped by concrete.

According to their theories, water from the reservoir had permeated far back into the schist formation of the eastern abutment. This lubricated the rock and it slowly began to move, exerting a tremendous amount of weight against the dam, which according to the Grunskys was already becoming less stable due to "uplift". Making the situation worse, Dr. Willis established, was that the conglomerate, on which the western abutment of the dam rested, reacted upon becoming wet by swelling. In fact, the amount of swelling was such that it would raise any structure built upon it.

One of the chains, taken from the original Hungerford Bridge on the Thames Although similar in size the bridge towers are not identical in design, the Clifton tower having side cut-outs whilst the Leigh tower has more pointed arches and chamfered edges. Brunel's original plan proposed they be topped with then-fashionable sphinxes, but the ornaments were never constructed. Looking up at the arched ceiling of the interior of the abutment under the Leigh Woods side of the bridge, showing stalactites. The Leigh Woods tower stands atop a red sandstone-clad abutment.

The Gugel Bridge is a two span Pratt truss bridge, with a Pratt through truss span of 144 feet and a Pratt pony truss span of 60 feet, for a total bridge length of 204 feet. The through truss span sits on a concrete abutment on the south side of the river and a concrete pier near the north side of the river. The pony truss extends from the concrete pier to a concrete abutment on the north shore of the river. The bridge is located about fifteen feet above the river surface.

Maurice "Moose" McGrath (October 1, 1916July 7, 1968) was an American tackle for Buffalo Indians. He played college football at Niagara University. He died from injuries suffered in a car accident when his car struck a bridge abutment.

Also on the property is a stone abutment for a suspension bridge that once crossed the adjacent West Branch of the Brandywine River. Note: This includes It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Harmondsworth: Penguin; p. 245 The impost or abacus of a column in classical architecture may also serve as an abutment to an arch. The word derives from the verb "abut", meaning to "touch by means of a mutual border".

The length of the bridge was 2434 m with a wooden deck with a width of 5.70 m at 10 meters above the water. The bridge had two abutment piers at each end, serving as gates for the bridge.

The original Nijmegen railway bridge in 1879. The medieval style abutment towers. Construction started in 1875, on the site of an ancient Roman bridge, and was completed 4 years later in 1879. It originally consisted of 3 truss arches.

Bridgegate is built in yellow sandstone ashlar in neoclassical style and consists of a segmental arch over the carriageway with a round pedestrian archway in each abutment. Along its top are balustraded parapets on each side of the footpath.

Dam is connected with 5600 meter long road tunnel, constructed to link the Dam site to the Kurtun. The hydroelectric power station, located below and just downstream of the right abutment of the dam, has an installed capacity of 80 MW.

State Road 395 (NM 395) is a long state highway located entirely in Lincoln County. The highway begins at the south abutment of the Rio Hondo bridge, and travels north to an intersection with concurrent U.S. Routes 70 and 380.

Headroom below the bridge is between . Holes were formed through the deck for the drainage of surface water. The bridge abutments are reinforced concrete faced with engineering bricks. The eastern abutment is faced by a slope paved with concrete slabs.

All that remains in place of the original bridge are the sandstone abutments situated on both sides of the cove approximately south of the current bridge. The abutment on the Drummoyne side is listed on the local government heritage list.

The bridge is approximately 25' above the river. The western (Vermont) abutment is made of split granite quarried from nearby Fairlee Mountain, while the eastern abutment is an early concrete construction built in 1908 by John Storrs for an earlier bridge. The bridge underwent a major renovation in 1993 which included the addition of a sidewalk (under which utilities were laid) and replacement of much of the bridge decking. The bridge was built in the aftermath of major rain and flooding in 1927 along the Connecticut River, which washed away several bridges and caused significant damage in Vermont.

As part of this project, the staircase on the northern facade of the Bronx abutment was demolished, and a corresponding stair on the southern facade was built. On the Manhattan side, a rebuilt approach from Seventh Avenue and 151st Street to the bridge, as well as a rebuilt triangular plaza between Seventh Avenue and Macombs Dam Road, was opened in 1931. The approach was built on land donated by John D. Rockefeller Jr. The new approach, designed by Andrew J. Thomas, entailed rebuilding the formerly-straight Macombs Dam Road approach to a "flared polygonal" route, which required extending the masonry abutment there.

He and the fireman leapt clear before the bridge and escaped serious injury. The engine itself flew across the gap, striking the opposite abutment some below the level of the track and sinking into of water. The baggage cars came to rest atop the locomotive; the front of the first passenger car was crushed against the baggage cars and then submerged as the second passenger car came to rest on top of it. The third passenger car broke in two; the front half hanging down over the edge of the abutment; the rear remaining on the track.

That is, there must be proper parallelism for the bridge to seat properly on the margins. Sometimes, the bridge does not seat, but the dentist is unsure whether it is because the spatial relationship between the abutments is incorrect, or whether the abutments do not actually fit the preparations. The only way to determine this is to section the bridge and try in each abutment by itself. If they each fit individually, the spatial relationship was incorrect, and the abutment that was sectioned from the pontic must now be reattached to the pontic according to the newly confirmed spatial relationship.

They believed that the portion of the east abutment below the dam was the first to give way, clearing the way for the collapse to take place. Their investigations, while somewhat collaborative, culminated in two separate reports (one by the Grunskys and the other by Dr. Willis) which were completed in April 1928. These reports, according to Carl Grunsky, "were reached independently" and "are in substantial agreement." Dr. Willis and the Grunskys agreed with the other engineers and investigators about the poor quality and deteriorating conditions of the entire foundation, although they maintained that a critical situation developed on the east abutment.

The river is a popular destination for whitewater rafting and canoeing, particularly down stream of the small Abutment Dam (which is itself only a couple miles down stream of Chesdin Dam) in the village of Matoaca to Petersburg near Virginia State University.

A one piece implant (OPI) incorporates the trans-mucosal abutment as an integral part of the implant. This type of implant is often used with a flapless procedure and immediate loading (the crown is placed in a short time after placing the implant).

Adomi Bridge from abutment The silver crescent-shaped Adomi Bridge from the Volta River In April 2019, Adomi Bridge was classified as a tourist site after a consensus between the Asuogyaman District Assembly, Ghana Highway Authority and Ghana Tourism Development Company (GTDC).

The Chinworth Bridge was built by the Bellefontaine Bridge and Iron Company of Bellefontaine, Ohio. It is a Pratt through truss. The trusses has eight panels, each long, set on abutments of cut stone. The southern abutment has been altered over the years.

On the Nowra side, the main drainage drive was some , opening to the northeast of the abutment, with a cross cut to the western pit. On the Moss Vale side the main drive was long. These tunnels were excavated by drilling and blasting.

The dam is long and high. It has a masonry gravity spillway on its right abutment. There is a reservoir known as the Humboldt Reservoir or the Wolf's Run Reservoir on Wolffs Run. It is owned by the Mt. Pleasant Water Supply Company.

She was towed to Ojibway Anchorage with steering problems. On November 15, 1974 the Holloway struck a bank at Burns Harbor, Indiana which caused a lot of damage. On June 4, 1978 the Holloway struck an abutment at South Chicago. She sustained $224,000 in damage.

In the same year, the downstream exterior stringers in these 1.5 spans were replaced. In 1998, the downstream concrete curb in the first 1.5 spans from the New Brunswick end was replaced. In 2000, the New Brunswick end concrete abutment underwent a major restoration.

Until the construction of the marina in the 1980s, the outline of the shore-end abutment could be made out in the sea wall near Ryde Pavilion, and at low spring tide the stumps of the piles could be seen in the sand offshore.

This was accomplished by adding new concrete to the land side of the abutment, preserving the earlier work. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. It is owned by the states of New Hampshire (90%) and Vermont (10%).

Farther southeast were sidings at for Ashgillhead Colliery, and at for Auldton Colliery. Immediately northwest was Milburn Chemical Works/Colliery (formerly Skellyton). Only the station house remains, now a private dwelling. A stone abutment from the railway bridge, southeast from the station, still stands.

North of Peekskill the river narrows as the Hudson Highlands begin. Dunderberg and Bear mountains can be seen across the river. The train passes through two short tunnels, one under the Bear Mountain Bridge abutment. Putnam County's first station, Manitou, serves a small hamlet.

The eastern abutment of this bridge survives today. A bridge at Unionville was built in 1907 for Markham Township Council . Frank Barber claimed this was the first concrete beam bridge in York County. In 1909, he built the first concrete truss bridge in Canada.

The pilings of the abutment sank into the sand on the river bottom. Therefore, concrete abutments sitting on rock were specified. Hick's solution was to sink square concrete shells through twenty feet of sand. The shells sank as the inside sand was scooped out.

The locomotive body consisted of a frame built up with thick steel plates. On this frame the body was mounted with a cab at each end. The towing hook and the buffers were fixed to an abutment beam which was mounted to the frame.

Lyon's Mill Footbridge in 1993 The Lyon's Mill Footbridge, also called the Devil's Chair Footbridge, is a concrete footbridge across Rock Creek in Washington, DC. It was completed in 1934. The eastern abutment is a remnant of the original Lyon's Mill on the site.

After being placed in a surgical procedure, dental implants undergo osseointegration, during which time the surrounding bone grows into intimate contact with the surface of the implants and the implants become fused to the bone. When this process has been deemed to have occurred to a sufficient extent, the implants are fitted with restorative abutments in order to allow dental restorations (e.g. crowns, dentures, etc.) to be cemented on, screwed down or otherwise attached. Historically, the diameter of the abutment matched the diameter of the implant platform; for example, a 4.8 mm-wide abutment was placed on a 4.8 mm-wide implant—this can be termed platform-matching.

Abutment repair work in April 2012 In 2002, movement of soil on the eastern end of the bridge was detected.Stewart, D.P. and McInnes, D.B. The impact of lateral soil displacements on the Goongoonup rail bridge, Perth, 8th ANZ Conference on Geomechanics, Canberra, ACT, Australian Geomechanics Society, 1: pp 345-351 (1999) Displacement of 140 mm on the abutments was measured and engineering reports predicted the displacement would be 300 mm by the end of the century and that the abutment piles would yield in 10 to 20 years. Repair work by the Public Transport Authority commenced in August 2011 and was completed in early 2013.

Retrieved March 28, 2008. The station was located near the east side of the railroad's crossing of W. Broad Street (VA 7) in Falls Church. Concrete abutment of the bridge that carried the Washington- Virginia Railway over the W&OD; Railroad near the east end of Vienna (December 2006) Near the east end of Vienna, the poured concrete abutment of a bridge that carried an interurban trolley line, the Washington-Virginia Railway, over the W&OD; Railroad remains on the north side of the trail. An inscription showing the month and year of the abutment's construction (July 1904) is visible on the structure's east side.

During the first week of March, it was noticed that the leak had approximately doubled. Due in part to some erosion taking place, Mulholland ordered an eight-inch (20.3 cm) concrete drain pipe to be installed. The pipe led the water along the dike wall, discharging it at the west abutment contact with the main dam. This gave the hillside a very saturated appearance, and the water flowing down the steps of the dam where it abutted the hill caused alarm among the canyon residents and others traveling on the road to the east, as at that distance it appeared the water was coming from the abutment.

Former Victoria Bridge Abutment was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 1992 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The Victoria Bridge Abutment stands as a memorial of the first permanent bridge to be constructed across the Brisbane River which did not succumb to the forces of nature. The opening of the bridge in 1897 provided a major boost to the continued development of the City of South Brisbane which had first received its development impetus from the introduction of cross-river transport provided by the previous bridges at this location.

The Leesville Dam is a rolled earth fill with impervious core, maximum height 74 ft, top length 1695 ft, top width 25 ft, base width about 450 ft. With a 4.1 ft parapet wall on top of the dam with a top elevation of 995.1. Spillway: Uncontrolled concrete lined saddle spillway near left (south) abutment, crest elevation 977.5, length of crest 150 ft, design discharge with surcharge of 12.6 ft and freeboard of 5 ft. Outlet Works: Intake structure with three sluices controlled by 3.5 ft x 7 ft gates and discharges through a 7 ft diameter horseshoe tunnel through the right abutment into a stilling basin.

The steeply graded Huddersfield Corporation Waterworks Railway connected these sidings to the reservoir works. The area is now a heavily wooded country park, but an abutment of the long demolished bridge by which the waterworks railway crossed the River Colne can still be found amongst the vegetation.

Lieutenant Colonel Sherrill said that their work would take little time, and construction could begin by the end of 1925, and abutment and pier work should be complete by the end of the summer of 1926."Consulting Engineer Is Named For Bridge." Washington Post. September 12, 1925.

A masonry cornice runs around the top of the wall. A sandstone parapet wall runs along the eastern edge at the top of each abutment. The walls terminate in rectangular sandstone columns. These columns extend downwards to form pilasters on the eastern facades of the abutments.

Connector: Joins the pontic to the retainer or two retainers together. Connectors may be fixed or movable. Span: The length of the alveolar ridge between the natural teeth where the bridge will be placed. Abutment: The tooth or implant that supports and retains a dental prosthesis.

The tall dam withholds a reservoir. The relatively small reservoir relies on steady releases from the Masinga and Kamburu Dams upstream. The run-of-the-river power station is located underground near the left abutment. It contains two 72 megawatt and one 81 megawatt Francis turbine-generators.

The original Roman bridge formed a part of the Via Augusta, and was the only bridge in the lower Llobregat valley until the 14th century. It still features a Roman triumphal arch at its eastern abutment. It is unclear how many spans the original Roman bridge had.

Victoria Bridge Abutment is a heritage-listed road bridge remnant at 74 Stanley Street, South Brisbane, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Alfred Barton Brady and built in 1896 by Arthur Midson. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 1992.

The Mill Street bridge is a , three-span concrete arch bridge with a deck. The maximum span of the arches measures . The bridge has flared concrete wingwalls covered with a stone veneer. On the upstream side are cutwaters on both piers and at both abutment–wingwall junctions.

A slightly raked row of driven steel H-piles go in to form the abutment on each side. 130,300 mm square reinforced piles driven into the east embankment act as a precaution against future settlement. A total of 2,000 tonnes of steel were used in the bridge's design.

The power plant have a maximum discharge of . The dam have two spillways; one on the main section and an auxiliary on the southern abutment. Both spillways have a combined maximum discharge of to control reservoir levels. The dam also support two fish ladders and a shipping lock.

He has also appeared in an episode of Leverage, an episode of Ghost Whisperer, two episodes of Hack and two episodes of HBO's Arliss. In 2016, Roenick made a guest appearance in the last season of the Fox crime drama Bones, in the episode "The Head in the Abutment".

The weight of the ironwork has been estimated at about 500 tonnes. The ironwork was cast by the Coalbrookdale Company. The bridge abutments are made of rusticated sandstone ashlar, topped by plain parapets. Each abutment has a single 12-ring blue brick arch to provide river-side access.

There are three construction docks immediately west of the southern abutment of the Hawkesbury River Rail Bridge. Only one of these is in RailCorp ownership. The docks were used for the construction of the steel trusses of the 1946 bridge. They are formed from rectangular cuttings into the bedrock.

The intake for the power plant will be on the right abutment and will place water into a long head-race tunnel before reaching the power plant downstream. The power plant will contain two 55 MW Francis turbine-generators (total capacity 110 MW) with a design hydraulic head of .

The architect was Joseph Turner. It is built in red sandstone ashlar and consists of a basket arch of short rusticated voussoirs. The parapet consists of stone balusters interspersed with panels. A drinking fountain, which is now dry, is fixed to the north abutment and is dated 1857.

Listing particulars state the bridge to be about long and wide. There are three broad, low arches built with blocks of Bramley Fall stone from a quarry near Leeds. A rounded towpath archway passes through the east abutment. A sandstone parapet rests on a projecting stone string course.

The completed arches of the station viaduct were partially demolished in the 1960s leaving stumps of brickwork in a field and part of the north abutment of the bridge adjacent to Edgware Way. Earthworks north of the station site parallel with the bypass indicate the route towards Elstree South.

The total length from one abutment to the other is about . Meinecke notes that the sides of the bridge contained passages that could accommodate townspeople on both sides of the river in case of emergency. The presence of arrow slits indicates that these passages had a defensive purpose.

Richard Deacon's Once Upon a Time sculpture Plaque mentioning the opening. Work to replace the second crossing began in 1980. Of the original crossing, only the south abutment now remains (adorned by a modern sculpture designed by Richard Deacon). The third bridge is very different from its two predecessors.

Abigroup, in joint venture with indigenous contractor Geraldton Line Haul (GLH), has been awarded a $65 million contract by Rio Tinto for works at Cape Lambert. The contract involves earthworks for the wharf abutment and tug harbour and the partial removal of the existing tug harbour breakwater. The construction of the wharf abutment and breakwater involved clearing, grubbing, topsoil stripping and surface soil stripping; excavate and remove existing materials extension of existing road crossing over the power station cooling water outlet. The construction of the tug boat harbour extension included the removal, temporary storage and reuse of tug boat harbour armour rock and core material and loading, hauling and placing the core material and rock armour.

After the Second World War, three new three new substations with rectifier systems were built to improve the power supply in Chur-Sand, Lüen-Castiel and in the Haspel mine. In 1951, the Gitzistein Tunnel received a gallery (avalanche protection) on both sides, and in 1956, the Sassal II and III tunnels were connected by a concrete gallery. To secure a bridge abutment in the Lüen ravine (Lüener Tobel) against landslides, a suspension device with wire ropes was installed between the abutment and the pier in 1955. It was attached to a weight of twelve tonnes, which acted on the pier head and held it in the desired position with a force of 50 tonnes.

As part of the redesign of the station area and a related construction of the abutment on the east side in 1996, the bridge was then closed to motor traffic and was made accessible only for bicycles and pedestrians. Next to the abutment on the Stühlinger side, the "mobile" bike-and-mobility station was built with a bicycle parking garage in 1999, called bicycle station since 2014. In 2013, the bridge was named after Freiburgs sister city Wiwilí de Jinotega. Schönberg. In March 2008, fundamental renovation work was started for which the bridge was successively raised by 1.50 m (4.9 ft) in five sections in order to enable work above the railway tracks.

The second bridge was much larger and the new eastern abutment was a far more lofty affair than before, with splayed wing walls both north and south of the bridge's actual line. This abutment, its massive rectangular stones lifted into place using the lewis holes which are a feature of their upper surface, were held together with long iron ties channelled into the masonry to reinforce the front face. The lewis-holes widen as they penetrate. The lewis consisted of a split wedge which, after being inserted in the hole, was widened out to lock into it by the insertion of a strip of metal between the two halves of the wedge.

The main multi-span cable-stayed bridge is long from abutment to abutment and is mostly supported by six tall pylons, each with two sets of two-plane harps of cable stays to sustain two box-girder carriageways, one on either side of the pylons. The two box-girder carriageways are tied transversely to one another for stability and rigidity throughout the length of the main multi-span bridge, with a total main bridge steel box-girder deck width of carrying eight lanes of traffic. The bridge crosses the estuary of Qiantang River, from the banks of north-east Shaoxing northward, making landfall south of Jiaxing. Shaoxing is located about 200 km from Shanghai.

The works were halted in late 1990 after the UN sanctions due to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, and with the onset of the Gulf War, as well as consequential poor security environment. By June 1990, the first stage of the construction was complete, the diversion of the Great Zab, facilitated by an incomplete high clay core rockfill cofferdam, which was to become part of the upstream shoulder of the main dam, and through two large diversion tunnels. The dam project involves a large underground power house and transformers chamber, largely completed into the left abutment. The power intake and spillway intake are also located on the left abutment, with associated tunnels through the limestone.

Additionally, a thin layer of sand and gravel was discovered under the eastern abutment of the main bridge. Both had to be removed and the abutments stabilized before construction could proceed further. This work caused extensive delay in the bridge's completion. Work on Columbia Island and the D.C. approaches continued, however.

For this reason, the use of the original bridge gradually declined. It eventually became too weak to support modern trains, and was therefore removed in 1985 – all that remains is a series of columns crossing the ThamesBlackfriars: Loughborough Junction and the southern abutment, which is a Grade II listed structure.

Solid abutment supports were constructed on each river bank. A wooden frame shaped like the underside of the bridge, was constructed over the river. The stones where then set on the frame, without mortar. The bridge was filled in with rubble and dirt, which over time would compress against the abutments.

Postcard photo of the wreck. The view is toward the west abutment; the locomotive "Columbia" can be seen in the wreckage at left. The "Columbia" and the 11 cars behind it acted like a linked chain load. The bridge's collapse was therefore not sudden, but rather somewhat slow and piecemeal.

Third, the abutments are connected to the implant via a locking taper. This is notable from both a medical and engineering standpoint as no other implant company offers an implant with a biological seal at the implant/abutment interface; almost all other implants possess an internal screw to connect their abutments.

This second bridge seems to date from the early 3rd century [others give AD 162-5 or AD 206]. There is no evidence for any further repair or alteration to the bridge after that date. There is a male fertility symbol carved into the northern face of the eastern abutment.

The bridge was wide, with a roadway width of . Because the state line is the western low-water mark of the Connecticut River, most of the bridge was in New Hampshire; only the western abutment is in Vermont. The site is now part of the Bedell Bridge State Park in Haverhill, New Hampshire.

Police recovered the presumed murder weapons—two baseball bats—at the scene of the crime. At 6:36 a.m., five minutes after his 9-1-1 call, Steven Sueppel committed suicide by driving the family minivan into a concrete abutment on Interstate 80 at high speed, causing his vehicle to burst into flames.

The bridge was left in place upon closure in 1973, but became structurally compromised years later. Heavy rainfall in the Autumn of 1987 dislodged the western abutment causing the second span to collapse, and was later removed. The eastern span remains sound, and is used as a viewing point at Llandyfriog Riverside station.

The powerhouse of the dam is located adjacent to the east abutment, and it has a total length of 151 feet. The equipment of the powerhouse is three 8,500 kW·h generating machines. The powerhouse originally had two generators, but a third was placed in 1969. The average annual output is 28,000,000 kW·h.

The west dam rises to above the valley floor. It spans over a nearly flat alluvial valley floor between bedrock abutment ridges. About 65% of the dam's foundation area is founded on quartzite and phyllite bedrock. The remainder is founded on dense alluvium that fills three buried channels, which are up to deep.

Morrow Point Dam's powerplant is tunneled into the canyon wall below the surface at the dam's left abutment. It houses two 86.667 MW generators, uprated from 60 MW each in 1992-1993. The generating hall measures by , with between and of height. First operating in 1970, it is operated as a peaking plant.

Western abutment of the dismantled railway bridge across the River Tees The Tees viaduct in circa 1860 from a contemporary photograph The Tees railway viaduct was a railway bridge in the county of Durham, England, which carried the South Durham and Lancashire Union Railway over the River Tees west of Barnard Castle.

The dilapidated concrete in the casing was replaced and a new concrete footing was poured. In 1968 the abutment on which the bridge's south approach rests was repaired and a new deck installed at a cost of $6,800. The deck was again replaced in 1976 for an additional $4,500.Steele, p. 13.

In addition, multiple pieces of public art were installed in the station and new concrete sidewalks, landscaping, and lighting were added as well as repairs made to the bridge abutment. The station opened on August 11, 2015, making it the first new station on the Red Line since 1969 when Brookpark station opened.

Also in February 1998, the central pillar that had supported the eastbound bridge was blown up with 200 tons of dynamite, and during the next few days the surviving arches from the end sections of old 1841 bridge were also blown up. In March 1998 work started on the new central concrete pillar which would support the new twin track bridge, and on the new abutment at the northern end. The steel truss bridge structure from the northern end to the central pillar was then assembled and mounted. In Autumn/Winter 1998/99 the southern abutment was constructed: the southern 100 m long truss bridge was mounted, and a concrete slab was placed over the steel structure to accommodate the rail tracks.

Zapruder had planned to film the motorcade from his office window but decided to choose a more optimal spot in Dealey Plaza where the motorcade would be passing. He chose to film on top of a concrete abutment which extends from a retaining wall that was part of the John Neely Bryan concrete pergola on the grassy knoll north of Elm Street, in Dealey Plaza. Zapruder's secretary, Marilyn Sitzman, offered to assist Zapruder as he suffered from vertigo and was apprehensive about standing on the abutment alone. While Sitzman stood behind Zapruder and held his coat to steady him, he began filming the presidential motorcade as it turned from Houston Street onto Elm Street in front of the Book Depository.

Looking across the canyon at the dam site in 2009; the outlines of landslides are visible on the far side of the canyon.The failure of the dam is now believed to have begun with the eastern abutment of the dam giving way, possibly due to a landslide. This scenario, having its roots in the works of Willis and Grunsky, was expanded upon by the author Charles Outland in his book Man-Made Disaster : The Story of St. Francis Dam which was first published in 1963. The material on which the eastern abutment of the dam had been built may itself have been part of an ancient landslide, but this would have been impossible for almost any geologists of the 1920s to detect.

Waldshut–Koblenz Rhine Bridge The property boundary between the Swiss Northeastern Railway (now part of Swiss Federal Railways Infrastructure) and the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway (now part of DB Netze) was in the middle of the Waldshut–Koblenz Rhine Bridge, which the national border between Switzerland and Baden. The two participating companies each built their half of the bridge. The northern part of the bridge and the northern abutment are owned and are the responsibility of the German company, while the southern part and the southern abutment are owned by the Swiss company. This ownership is unusual, because the property boundaries of railways usually are immediately next to stations or service depots, but not in the middle of a line.

The Tinkers Creek Aqueduct is a contributing structure on the NHL portion of the canal and continues to deteriorate rapidly. Due to the advanced state of decay, the aqueduct structure and the associated towpath Trial bridge will be removed and eventually replace with a newer aqueduct and bridge. Phase 1 of the project will involve removal of the existing aqueduct and Towpath Bridge, installation of a new Towpath Bridge, installation of temporary steel pipes to carry the canal water over the creek, restoration of portions of the sandstone abutment walls, and installation of a temporary high-water overflow structure. A later phase will include replacement of the aqueduct structure with a new design and restoration of the existing sandstone center pier and remaining abutment walls.

A rounded towpath archway passes through the east abutment. A sandstone parapet rests on a projecting stone string course. Except where replaced by concrete, Bramley Fall stone copings run the length of the bridge. Inscriptions of masons can be seen on the inside face of the copings over the crown of the centre arch.

Pinto Dam, a zoned earth and rockfill structure, is long and high above bedrock. An uncontrolled open-channel emergency spillway is provided around the left abutment of the dam in a channel excavated in rock. Billy Clapp Headworks has radial gates to regulate the flow of water into the lower reach of the Main Canal.

Just out of view to right would be the intake for the spillway. June 29, 1938. Courtesy, estate of Robert A. Midthun. As designed, the dam extends to an elevation of , for a total height of from the cleared river bed and has a length from the left to the right abutment of approximately .

Love locks on the Schenley Bridge Schenley Bridge and a boiler plant dubbed the Cloud Factory, sited just northeast of the bridge's Oakland abutment, play a special role in The Mysteries of Pittsburgh, the 1988 debut novel by the Pulitzer Prize-winning writer Michael Chabon. Recently, several love padlocks have started appearing on the bridge.

The right bank would have consisted of a sand and gravel bar on the inside of the river bend. However, the original footing arrangement is unknown. Reportedly, the right abutment had been flood damaged some time after completion and was repaired with dressed sandstone blocks supported on round piles (photographed during the inspection of 1979).

Although bedding mortar was used in a narrow zone on the upstream side and at each abutment contact at the beginning of each day's RCC placement, it was only necessary to bed the entire lift if the "degree-hours" (that is, the product of the temperature and time between lifts) exceeded 500 degree hours.

3 or no.4) before construction works were complete in August 1943. The second pair of igloo hangars to be erected (nos. 2 and 5) featured their abutment pins raised a few metres above the ground on sturdy timber frames, resulting in much greater clearance, and drawings of these two igloos are dated October 1943.

In the 1950s, the footway was narrowed, but changes have otherwise been minor. The bridge is still an important part of the city's transport system and was repaired and repainted in 1991. In 1993, the footway was again widened as a cycleway/footpath, using improved access provided by a pathway constructed beneath the southern abutment.

The bridge was named for a large sugar pine that grew to the north of the east bridge abutment. The Tenaya Creek Bridge (1928) spans Tenaya Creek with a single arch at a 25-degree skew on the Happy Isles-Mirror Lake Road. The bridge carries the standard roadway, bridle path and sidewalk. Cost was $37,749.16.

Possibly they mistook the abutment for the bridge itself, as Moreau seemed to think.Philippart, p. 73. Regardless, the troops there did not burn the bridge, but started plundering and drinking.Phipps,II:368 and Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, Grundsätze der Strategie: Erläutert durch die Darstellung des Feldzugs von 1796 in Deutschland, [Vienna], Strauss, 1819, p. 200.

It is distinctive among Vermont's many surviving covered bridges for the Greek Revival elements of its gables, and for the remarkably good condition of the surviving stone abutment, which has precisely laid stonework. At the time of its National Register listing in 1973 it was not in very good condition; it underwent a complete reconstruction in 2008.

A single high stone abutment on the Virginia side would tie the bridge to the palisades there. Although the Mayor of the District of Columbia also supported this plan and legislation was introduced in the United States Congress to give it effect, the bill was not acted on and the bridge never built.Williams, pp. 497, 499–500.

Further north are the concrete bridge abutments where the line crossed 9th Street running up grade from the north abutment to Ridge Road. This can be walked at present. trolleys -Perkasie, PA - Menlo Park - Perkasie Park - trolley mapgrassroots.pennridge.org › p-trolleyloca Sellersville: The former LVT Sellersville station at Main and Walnut streets is now (2015) a dental office.

The bridge survived floods in 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1937, 1953, 1955, 1964 and 1986. In the 1955 Christmas Week flood, the flood waters measured deep at Fernbridge. The south side abutment was washed out, and the approach damaged. During repairs the first end span was removed and an earthen embankment was built which shortened the bridge by about .

During construction, a total of six bridges will be built to support workers, vehicles and equipment in addition to various access roads. To divert the river, two tunnels, and in length will be constructed at the dam's left abutment. They will have discharge capacities of and respectively. To divert the water, two roller-compacted concrete cofferdams will be constructed.

The second spillway will be two radial gates on the dam's orifice with a discharge capacity of . The dam's powerhouse will be located underground at the left abutment. It will be long, high and wide; containing 6 x 250 MW vertical Francis turbine-generators. Before reaching the power station, water will be transferred by six long penstocks.

Geofoam used in retaining wall Using geofoam for retaining structures provides a reduction in lateral pressure as well as preventing settlement and improving waterproofing. Geofoam's light weight will reduce the lateral force on a retaining wall or abutment. It is important to install a draining system under the geofoam to prevent problems with built-up hydrostatic pressure or buoyancy.

The Powers Highway Bridge is a rigid-connected lattice pony truss bridge. It has a 25-foot span and a 15.8 foot-wide roadway on a 16.3-foot wide deck. The deck is constructed of a single layer of wood deck over six steel I-beam stringers and two outside channels. The bridge sits on a masonry abutment substructure.

By the beginning of 2004, the Yellow River was diverted and in September of that year, excavation on the dam's abutment began. In April 2006, the first concrete was cast and on May 18, 2009, the power plant's first two generators were commissioned. A total of of earth and rock were excavated from the dam site.

Until 1952 the Second Street Bridge (also called the "Wagon Bridge") stood next to this building. The new Tipton Bridge opened in 1952. The eastern abutment for the Second Street Bridge was renovated in 1996 with funding provided the local group, "The River Rats", to become an overlook area that has also been an area to exhibit outdoor sculpture.

The main barrier is an earth-fill dam with a central concrete core and clay sealing. The hydro-electric power station, which is used to supply electricity at peak loading periods, has a power of 1.44 MW and an annual energy output of 3.10 GWh. The spillway is located on the southern abutment of the dam with the hillside.

During that work, the valley side abutment was underpinned by a bell- shaped concrete block, which was clad with Hunziker stones, and reinforced with rails. The block had a diameter of and a height of . Additionally, a new foundation base was laid some below the previous ground level. It soon turned out that these measures were not sufficient.

These forces are transmitted to the abutment(s) via the prosthesis. Vital teeth are preferred to endodontically treated ones for bridge abutments. Endodontically treated teeth have lost a large amount of tooth structure, weakening them and making them less able to tolerate additional occlusal loading. Post crowns have been shown in some studies to have a higher failure rate.

A mobile gantry crane was positioned on the temporary bridge to lift elements into place. Erection started from the North Abutment starting with the horizontal prefabricated segments (av. 11m long). Then the horizontal deck components were bolted on, and then cross members, hoop members, tension rods, and other loose members were installed working upwards from deck level.

As the Pacific Express crossed the bridge, it was doing (according to the locomotive engineers). Visibility was practically nonexistent, at most one or two car lengths. As the "Socrates" neared the western abutment, engineer Daniel McGuire heard a crack and felt his locomotive drop slowly downward. Realizing the bridge was collapsing beneath him, he opened the throttle to maximum.

This section of the Great North Road begins at its junction with the road from St Albans.MR 181 The northern limit of this listing is the southern abutment of Cleghorns Bridge over Wollombi Brook. The road surface is unsealed for 5 km. After its intersection with George Downes Drive at the Bucketty junction, the road is sealed.

The east side abutment was made of masonry in a solid mass consisting of blocks of stone placed on piles made of totara wood and black pine. It was 83 feet in length and stood 26 feet high. The deck was a double layer of planks. The west side pier and moorings were situated on rock.

Incremental launch bridge construction Incrementally-launched bridge construction Itz Valley Bridge near Coburg Incremental launch is a method in civil engineering of building a complete bridge deck from one abutment of the bridge only, manufacturing the superstructure of the bridge by sections to the other side. In current applications, the method is highly mechanised and uses pre-stressed concrete.

The foundation grouting required an unusually large amount of material to fill cracks in the upper , with additional grouting required at the right abutment and outlet works.Wiltshire, pp. 108–109 Work on the dam was completed by the end on 1963, with final completion on April 24, 1964. Work on the powerplant started in 1963, with completion in 1965.

Indirect retention is required to prevent displacement of saddles, such as free-end saddles or anterior saddle which is curved outside a straight line between the abutment teeth. Such indirect retention can only be achieved where both claps and rests work together to form lever system (Class III lever system) to retain the free part of denture.

A licensed engineer can help operators design a safe, appropriate timber bridge. Personnel from Virginia Tech have described in detail how to build a stringer bridge using standard bridge design procedures, for example, by placing timber stringers across the abutment, using a bent to support a trestle or timber frame. Their methods are quick and cost little.

Although Richardson sketched designs for truss and suspension bridges, Frederick Olmsted insisted on a plate girder bridge; Richardson's contribution was ultimately the design of the decorative metalwork and lamps. The bridge was constructed in 1880–83. It was demolished around 1962 during construction of the Turnpike Extension and replaced by the Bowker Overpass, though the south abutment remains extant.

The bridge's oldest features are its abutments and single pier, all of which are dry laid rubblestone. These elements place the wooden bridge deck about above typical water level. The southern abutment includes a wing wall that extends for some as a base and retaining wall for the roadway. The bridge deck is long and about wide.

His decision resulted from a curious combination of chance and necessity, due to the insufficient strength of alternative material choices. The particular physical difficulties of the site stimulated interesting solutions to construction problems. The deep caissons used for pier and abutment construction signaled a new chapter in civil engineering. Piers were sunk almost below the river's surface.

The south abutment was in an area polluted by a coal gas processing plant and a facility for storing and processing petroleum products. These uses effectively created a toxic waste site under the bridge, leading to a lawsuit and the removal of the contaminated soil. No relationship has been claimed between these previous uses and the bridge failure.

Increased storage became a necessity, and in 1898 C. W. Darley recommended the raising of the wall by 6 ft (2 m). The height was actually increased by 11 feet (3.3 m) in the form of a concrete arch founded on the stonework. The original spillway was a channel excavated at the northern abutment of the dam.

The dam also provides for flood control but has no spillway. Currently, two bottom outlets with a discharge capacity pass floods through the reservoir. Floods in the 1990s highlighted the need for a spillway at the dam. A design for a chute spillway on the left abutment of the dam have been drafted but not implemented.

This four-story brick building built in 1879-1883 consisted of the front building and an abutment. In the building, there were classrooms, offices, an area for war games, a library, and stables. It was open until the outbreak of World War I. From 1935 to 1939, the Academy was elsewhere. In the Krupp (Berlin-Moabit), it reopened.

The astute observer can find those few traces of the site's former railway use. Two cast iron GWR ball top gate posts and one level crossing gate post survive along with rails in the roadway approaching the Ironbridge toll house. On the opposite side of the road an abutment of the footbridge visible in the accompanying photograph remains.

The difference was funded by an appropriation from the Board of County Commissioners of Costilla County. Because of high water in the creek, abutment excavation was delayed until February 22, 1911. Construction was finished in May 1911; Costilla county paid $2,860.35. The bridge originally carried State Highway 15, but by the 1980s it carried a county road.

This also negates the need to remake the restoration if an abutment screw or prosthetic screw loosens. eliminates the potential complications associated with excess residual cement – often difficult to completely remove with a cement retained crown, The screw retained restoration lacks glue and hence is more preferable for the health of the gingiva and the implant.

Lowering the dam by as much as 0.9 meter (3 ft) and failing to replace the discharge pipes at the base of the dam cut in half the safe discharge capacity of the dam. This fatal lowering of the dam greatly reduced the capacity of the main spillway and virtually eliminated the action of an emergency spillway on the western abutment. Walter Frank first documented the presence of that emergency spillway in a 1988 ASCE publication. The existence of the emergency spillway is supported by topographic data from 1889 which shows the western abutment to be about one foot lower than the crest of the dam remnants, even after the dam had previously been lowered as much as 3 feet by the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club.

The steps taken to secure dental crowns on the implant fixture including placement of the abutment and crown The prosthetic phase begins once the implant is well integrated (or has a reasonable assurance that it will integrate) and an abutment is in place to bring it through the mucosa. Even in the event of early loading (less than 3 months), many practitioners will place temporary teeth until osseointegration is confirmed. The prosthetic phase of restoring an implant requires an equal amount of technical expertise as the surgical because of the biomechanical considerations, especially when multiple teeth are to be restored. The dentist will work to restore the vertical dimension of occlusion, the esthetics of the smile, and the structural integrity of the teeth to evenly distribute the forces of the implants.

Loveridge & Hudson had previously worked on a number of significant projects in Sydney, including modifications to the Customs House at Circular Quay and the renowned High Victorian architectural style Great Synagogue, Elizabeth Street, Sydney. The first milestone celebrated in the construction period was on 30 May 1896 when the keystone to the southern end pier was laid by Florence Comer whose family had a number of associations with the Kangaroo Valley region. The keystone to the northern end pier was then laid less than 4 months later on 3 September 1896 by Barrengarry businessman Israel Karnofsky. Construction progressed into the second half of 1896 with the completion of one abutment, partial completion of the other abutment; all masonry work, parapets and excavations undertaken for the placement of the concrete thrust blocks.

Howard A. Hanson Dam USACE annotated aerial photo In January 2009, of rainfall within 24 hours peaked water inflows behind the reservoir at , raising the reservoir level to a record high of above sea level.Water seeping through Howard Hanson Dam is picking up speed - Seattle Times - Jan 24, 2009 In comparison, the maximum authorized storage level is above sea level and the normal summer level is . The Howard A. Hanson dam had controlled and prevented a flood that would have caused an estimated $4 billion in damages.USACE Howard A. Hanson Dam FAQ However, soon after the flood the USACE discovered two depressions on the right abutment of the dam, increased water levels in groundwater monitoring wells and the appearance of sediment-laden water entering the abutment drainage tunnel.

The main span is a Pratt through truss, in length. Its western abutment is a timber trestle, while the eastern one is of concrete construction with fieldstone wing walls. The truss consists of pin-connected elements, and the floor decking consists of timbers laid over steel I-beams. The bridge was built in 1906 by the Iowa Bridge Company of Des Moines, Iowa.

In a bridge, the wing walls are adjacent to the abutments and act as retaining walls. They are generally constructed of the same material as those of abutments. The wing walls can either be attached to the abutment or be independent of it. Wing walls are provided at both ends of the abutments to retain the earth filling of the approaches.

Conventionally made a substructure that is a non-perforated and sandblasted non-precious metal that is cemented with a chemically active resin cement. A disadvantage to this type of bridge is the appearance of the abutment tooth which can appear grey due to the decreased translucency. The metal substructure can also be visible and will not suit every aesthetic need.

The wing or retainer must be rigid and is usually fabricated from a metal alloy. The inner surface must fit closely to the abutment tooth. The intaglio is treated in some way to enhance the micromechanical adhesion between the prosthesis and the composite resin cement. In the past various methods have been used, ranging from metal-weave patterns to tin plating.

The southern land abutment, styled as a medieval city gate, was designed by Dutch architect P.J.H Cuypers. These tower structures served the purposes of protecting the entrance to the city of Nijmegen. The railway bridge's construction meant that train connections to Arnhem were possible, thus Nijmegen was the last major city in the Netherlands to be connected to the national rail network.

The basic construction was still a concrete slab, but the abutment extensions, railings, and retaining walls were built of random-coursed granite. This was part of a roadside beautification and wayside development project near the town of Garrison. The elaborate stonework was undertaken as part of the work relief offered through the New Deal, so a labor-intensive approach was chosen.

It can be accessed from Menai Road on the Bangor side and Prince Edward Park Road or River Road on the Sutherland side of the river. The bridge's design was recognised with the Australian Construction Achievement Award in 2002. With a downhill grade of 4.7% at the launching abutment, it has one of the steepest downhill launchings of any incrementally launched bridge.

On 31 July, Governor George Bowen officially opened the railway at Bigge's Camp (now Grandchester), the western terminus of the line. Abram Fitzgibbon, Albert John Hockings (the Mayor of Brisbane) and Robert Herbert (the Colonial Secretary), also participated in the ceremony attended by a large contingent of pastoralists. By 1866, it became evident that the northern abutment of the bridge was inadequately designed.

A sandstone parapet wall is extant along the eastern and western ends at the top of each abutment. Shallow buttresses project from the corners facing the river. Narrow, horizontal sandstone mouldings running the length of each face divide the facades into horizontal sections. On both abutments a moulding runs along the top of the bottom section, the upper section and the wall.

To supply water to Plant 1 and 2, a weir with a height ranging creates a small reservoir. The intake for Plant 1 is located just above the left abutment of the weir. Water from the intake enters a long and diameter vertical penstock which supplies water to the plant. Plant 1 is located in a cavern below and about behind the falls.

The cavern is long, wide and high. It houses four 1.8 MW Pelton turbine-generators and one 6.5 MW Francis turbine-generator. Water discharged from Plant 1, at a rate of up to , is returned to the river below the falls via a long tailrace tunnel. The intake for Plant 2 is located near the right abutment of the weir.

The barrier of the Birnbaumteich is an earth-fill dam with an impervious core. In the older section the core consists of sods; the newer section around the penstock of concrete. The spillway on the right abutment consists of a pipe culvert with a diameter of 1 m. The headwater stream is known as the Birnbaumgraben or Bach vom Birnbaumteich ("Birnbaumteich brook").

Almost 100 data channels were recorded from acceleration, displacement, strain, and pressure transducers. UWM researchers will use the data to evaluate their analytical models and assess the ability of this GRS bridge abutment system for construction in high-seismic areas. UWM hopes to obtain funding for testing a second specimen with biaxial lateral and vertical motions from the 1940 El-Centro earthquake.

Abandoned railway bridge abutment along Devil's Den Trail. In the late 19th and early 20th century, a deep gully, incising the area, was used by horse thieves as a layover. Local inhabitants interpreted the noises produced by the thieves and horses in a superstitious way: they assumed that the Devil was holding court there. Hence, the gully was named Devil's Den.

The bridge's truss members and upper chords The New Hope–Lambertville's vertical truss members are in height. Three of its piers are stone filled and built on timber cribbing. The bridge's abutment, which is from the 1814 bridge, is square blocked masonry. Finally, utilities on the bridge include lighting for the walkway and an eight-inch (203 mm) diameter sewer line.

During the Lager Beer Riot in 1855, the bridge was pivoted to help contain the rioters. On June 26, 1907, the steamer collided with the south abutment of the bridge and sank. She was declared a total loss. The passenger ship was scheduled to sail from the dock at the Clark Street Bridge when she capsized on July 24, 1915, killing 844 people.

Indiana State Highway Bridge 42-11-3101, also known as Poland Bridge, is a historic Parker through truss bridge located in Cass Township, Clay County, Indiana. It was built by the Vincennes Bridge Company and erected in 1939. It carries State Road 42 over the Eel River. It measures 175 feet long and rests on a concrete abutment and concrete pier.

Two sidewalks were built on each side with guard rails. The abutment was built over four-armed concrete cylinders that reached a depth of under the soil of the river. Each of the eight columns of the bridge were founded over two-armed concrete cylinders, with the depth of . The road was wide, while the bridge had a height of .

Milton M. Conger in 1881 patented and supposedly built a motor that ran off compressed air or steam that using a flexible tubing which will form a wedge-shaped or inclined wall or abutment in the rear of the tangential bearing of the wheel, and propel it with greater or less speed according to the pressure of the propelling medium.

Accelerometers placed strategically on the road deck monitor the oscillations that can affect the metal structure. Displacements of the deck on the abutment level are measured to the nearest millimetre. The cable stays are also instrumented, and their ageing meticulously analysed. Additionally, two piezoelectric sensors gather traffic data: weight of vehicles, average speed, density of the flow of traffic, etc.

Nadeau, Remi A. The Water Seekers. New York: Doubleday, 1950. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power "Whoever Brings the Water Brings the People" Once again, the St. Francis reservoir level rose, although not without incident. Late in the year a fracture was noticed which began at the western abutment and ran diagonally upwards and toward the center section for a distance.

Construction at the main dam will include excavation of a new emergency spillway, modifications to the existing service spillway, a 16-foot raise of the main dam, modifications to California State Route 155 at the main dam's right abutment, and modifications at several recreation facilities north of the auxiliary dam. Construction began in 2018 and is expected to be completed in 2022.

Igloo nos. 2 is of similar size and is the largest of the four igloos, and when constructed was described as being long and span and of hardwood construction. It has an overhead walkway near the ridge, and its abutment pins are raised a few metres above the ground on timber frames which result in much greater clearance. Igloo no.

I-280's encroachment at Peachtree Junction. It's probably safe to assume that most of the workers at the Becker Farm Road business campus have no idea that the bridge they are crossing once carried a miniature railroad. Note the concrete bridge abutment. Although the C&S; was a miniature railroad, it was operated as if it were a real railroad.

Throughout most of its upper and middle courses, the creek is culverted. It emerges for part of the block between Sacramento and Acton Streets, above Chestnut Street, and again at Curtis Street. Where it crosses the old right-of-way of the Santa Fe railroad, now a pedestrian-bicycle trail, a massive buried concrete abutment and culvert hide the creek.

The interior walls were lined with a protective wheel guard about one foot above the deck. The abutments are made of fieldstone set in white mortar. They are wide where they meet the deck of the bridge, widening toward the ground to about . The center abutment was originally also made of fieldstone, but sometime before 1937 was replaced with concrete.

Water enters the Arizona spillway (left) during the 1983 floods. Lake Mead water level was The dam is protected against over- topping by two spillways. The spillway entrances are located behind each dam abutment, running roughly parallel to the canyon walls. The spillway entrance arrangement forms a classic side-flow weir with each spillway containing four and steel-drum gates.

Once the housing structures had been completed, the area was flooded with water to allow the housing structures to be floated out. The housing structures for the gates in the north barrier (seven housing structures and two for the abutment connections) were positioned on the seabed. Four of this barrier's gates were installed and manoeuvred for the first time in October 2013; at the end of 2014, the installation of 21 gates was completed and operational for functional testing purposes (the so-called "blank tests"). At the south of the inlet (San Nicolò), the launch and the positioning of seven housing structures and two for the abutment connections has been completed (the structures have been fabricated on a temporary raised area in the Malamocco inlet and will be taken out to sea by a giant mobile platform which functions as a giant elevator).

Sussex County has two toll-bridge crossings over the Delaware River. Operated by the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission, the Milford-Montague Toll Bridge (also known as the US 206 Toll Bridge) carries U.S. Route 206 over the Delaware connecting Montague Township and Milford, Pennsylvania.Milford- Montague Toll Bridge, Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission. Accessed October 31, 2017. "Located seven miles south of the New Jersey/New York state line, the bridge's New Jersey abutment is in Montague Township, Sussex County, N.J. and its Pennsylvania abutment is in Dingman Township, Pike County, PA.... It is a major transportation facility in the Pennsylvania/New Jersey/New York Tri-State Region, connecting U.S. Route 206 in Montague, N.J. to US. Routes 6 and 209 at Milford, Pa." The current bridge was opened in 1954, replacing a series of bridges located here beginning in 1826.

The Highways Agency decided on a rebuild for the following reasons: settlement of the eastern abutment and embankment, lateral displacement of the piled foundation, the need to widen the bridge to three lanes to accommodate feeder roads, and because renovation was technically too difficult and too expensive. In addition the bridge did not meet all the standards required to take the new 40 tonne heavy goods vehicles.

The dam is a tall, long gravity dam with a crest width of and base width of . The dam's spillway is located near its southern abutment and is an uncontrolled chute-type with a discharge capacity. It is at an elevation of above sea level while the dam crest is at . The dam creates a reservoir with a maximum capacity of of which is usable.

At the Manly end the harbour bottom slopes up steeply to outcropping rock on which the northern abutment sits. Piers 5 and 6 are double cylinder piers sitting on bedrock below the harbour bed. The main pier which supports the bascule span is Pier 4. It rests on four cylinders taken down to sandstone bedrock at a depth of between which is below mean sea level.

The locally celebrated bridge replaced an earlier one built at the settlement then called Lewisport."County Seat of Doddridge was First Named Lewisport", Clarksburg Exponent, 14 April 1940. According to an early resident, A.A. Bee, "The first bridge across Middle Island Creek [at West Union] was of hewed logs with a center abutment of stones. In the great flood of 1835 it was washed away".

The Piermont Bridge was the longest bridge built after this flooding, replacing a c. 1875 two-span Town lattice truss bridge. The center pier of the older bridge was knocked down to the water line and is still visible. The eastern abutment, built in 1908 in a relatively early use of structural concrete, needed to be strengthened to accommodate the increased weight of the new steel bridge.

Columbia Railroad Bridge, also known as "Columbia Bridge", is a 1920 concrete arch bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that carries CSX Trenton Subdivision rail lines over the Schuylkill River. Located in Fairmount Park, upstream of the Pennsylvania Railroad Connecting Bridge, it is the third railroad bridge at the site. Near its east abutment are the Schuylkill Grandstand (for viewing rowing regattas) and the John B. Kelly statue.

Savage Rapids Dam prior to removal Savage Rapids Dam consisted of a 16-bay spillway section and a hydraulic-driven pumping plant section at the right abutment. The maximum height of the spillway section is about . The first seven bays at the right end of the dam were multiple arches with buttresses on centers. The remaining nine bays have a concrete gravity section below the gates.

This fifth bridge was in service for 92 years, until it was closed to traffic in 1958. It was scheduled for demolition in 1973 due to heavy damage that year. A "Save the Bedell Bridge Committee" raised $250,000 to rebuild the bridge, which was completed by 1978, and included the establishment of the associated Bedell Bridge State Park in the area of the eastern abutment.

In 1985 the dam was post tensioned with cables and the spillway was relocated to the centre of the dam and returned to its original height. In 1995 the seepage potential was reduced under the northern abutment and in 2003 an improved drainage system for the dam's foundations was installed and the left parapet wall was raised to prevent overtopping in a major flood.

94 The North Bridge comprised three stone arches, and was long, and high, although much of the length was solid abutment. Robert Mylne acted as financial surety to the scheme. By the summer of 1769 the bridge was approaching completion, and although not officially open, was regularly used by pedestrians. However, on 3 August, one of the arches collapsed, causing the deaths of five people.

Alternatively, part of a bridge abutment conveniently located behind a signal may be painted white. From 1872, distant signal arms (see below) were distinguished by having a "fishtail" notch cut into the end. All signal arms were still painted red at this time. In the 1920s, the British railway companies began to colour their distant signal arms yellow to better distinguish them from the red stop signals.

The 1890 Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge was slightly upstream from the location of an earlier 1815 bridge. It had two northwestern abutments made of stone, both of which rose above the low-water mark. The single southwestern abutment was made of compacted earth covered with stone slabs. There were nine piers in the river itself, each made of brownstone masonry and rising above the low-water mark.

Coal gas-lit lampposts providing lighting along the bridge. Fences lined the side of the roadway on the southwestern abutment to prevent carriages from driving off the embankment. The bridge was served on its city-side by Pennsylvania Avenue. Although the avenue was paved only to within of the bridge, cement sidewalks on both sides of the avenue provided improved pedestrian access to the bridge.

Following reported economical challenges, Sabri Dino committed suicide at Beylerbeyi abutment of Boğaziçi Bridge on 14 January 1990, Sunday. He was married with Meral Dino, with two sons, Murat and Cem. Dino was also a member of Executive Committee of Turkish Football Federation in 1986, during presidency Erdenay Oflaz. Turkish author Sunay Akın dedicated his 2018-released goalkeepers-related book Kalede 1 Başına to Sabri Dino.

The last generator was operational on 4 April 1967. The tall dam creates a reservoir with a storage capacity of . The dam's spillway is an overflow type with 21 floodgates and has a maximum discharge of . The dam is located before a bend in the river and its power station is located on the other side of a ridge that meets the dam’s right abutment.

Eastern Abutment of the Bright Hope Railroad Bridge over Swift Creek The remains of the bridge are granite abutments that are twenty feet wide indicating that it was a Truss Bridge. The bridge was one thirty foot span. The abutments were made of granite that was mined using star drills as shown by the drill holes. The Petersburg granite is readily available in the area.

The Winnifred Street Bridge (also known as WSDOT Bridge No. 1130) is a concrete box girder bridge in Ruston, Washington. It was built in 1941 by S. R. Gray. The bridge has a deck, and sits above railroad tracks in a ravine. After an inspection of the bridge, it was found to have structural deficiencies in its abutment wall, and was closed for repairs.

The 1931 Jeffersonville Bridge was a Parker through truss structure, with steel girder approaches at both ends. It rested on concrete abutment, and was long, carrying two lanes of traffic and a pedestrian walkway; the latter was cantilevered on the outside of one of the trusses. The total length of the bridge was about . It had a deck of concrete laid on steel I-beam stringers.

Contrarily each abutment on the riverbanks supports a single arch end only, in the middle of the deck. The tying chord(s) consist of a composite deck structure. Four post tensioned coil steel cables, two to each side of the walking deck, are locked in place by orthogonally run steel beams every 7.5 meters. The hangers are joined to each of these beams between each cable pair.

The side walls of the abutments contain retaining prestressed tendons which were used to fix the deck to the abutment during the lift. Once tensioned, the 470 ton bowstring was raised 40 m, using a lifting machine, to its final level, taking just eight hours by subcontractor ALE Lastra. The arches were then joined, the tendons in the abutments released and the decks connected.

Braunston and Willoughby station closed to passengers and goods on 1 April 1957 and the line itself closed on 5 September 1966. The station buildings had already been removed in 1961-2 although the platform remained for a while longer. Today there is little left to see at the site. The twin bridges over the A45 have been removed and the abutment walls substantially lowered.

Construction of the new bridge began in November 1887. Complications arose when the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad (B&PR;), whose tracks ran along the north/eastern shore of the Anacostia River, sued the federal government, arguing that the bridge abutment encroached on its right-of-way; eventually the railroad agreed to move its tracks closer to the riverbank, and the federal government paid for the move.

The Okutadami Dam is a tall and long concrete gravity dam with a structural volume of . Sitting at the head of a catchment area, the dam creates a reservoir with a capacity of which is active (or "useful") storage. The reservoir has a surface area of . The power station is underground and located on the right bank of the river next to the dam's abutment.

The high flood > waters surged upstream in Oregon Creek, lifted the bridge from its abutments > and carried it away. When the flood waters subsided, the bridge was found > some 50 yards below its original location. Mr. Freeman hired a logging > contractor, Solon Chatfield, to return the bridge to its abutments. However, > during the flood the bridge had been turned end for end and the west end of > the bridge was placed on the east abutment and the east end on the west > abutment as it has remained to the present time (Adams 1963:134) (Smith > 3-29-64) Historically, the bridge served local mining and logging communities and carried traffic on what was called Allegheny Ridge Road, part of the Henness Pass Road, a major freight hauling route over the Sierra Nevada via Henness Pass after the Comstock Lode discovery in Virginia City in 1859 sparked a Nevada mining boom.

Quickly, the Austrians acquired control of all the earthworks of the town, the village itself, and the fortress; their skirmishers reached one side of the abutment of an old bridge of palisades, and advanced to the other side, across the islands formed by branches of the Kinzig and the Rhine. There, almost within eye-shot of the French sentinels, they halted; there is some confusion about why they stopped.

Their design depends upon the nature of the embankment and does not depend upon the type or parts of the bridge. The soil and fill supporting the roadway and approach embankment are retained by the wing walls, which can be at a right angle to the abutment or splayed at different angles. The wing walls are generally constructed at the same time and of the same materials as the abutments.

A Rochette bridge is a type of dental prosthesis popular in the 1970s, and described by Alain Rochette in 1973Rochette A: Attachment of a splint to enamel of lower anterior teeth. J Prosthet Dent 30:418. 1973. as a form of resin retained bridge that relied on countersunk holes perforating the metal abutment wing. These would be filled with composite cement on seating the restoration, providing macromechanical retention for the prosthesis.

The first recorded event in its history is the building by Ethelfleda of a fortification at Runcorn to protect the northern frontier of her kingdom of Mercia against the Vikings in 915. The fort was built on Castle Rock overlooking the River Mersey at Runcorn Gap. The foundations of the fort were discovered during the building of the railway bridge but were covered by an abutment of the bridge.

Provision for future power generation was to be included in the south abutment, with water supply provisions on either end of the dam. No lock was to be provided for small craft.Corps of Engineers 1963, Plate 17 For flood control the project was designed to pass of a flood to minimize damage downstream. Drawdown from May to September was expected to be about , with another for the rest of the year.

Keepit Dam is a major gated mass concrete gravity dam with an earth fill abutment and a central gated concrete overflow crest and six radial gate spillways across the Namoi River upstream of its junction with the Peel River in the North West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. The dam's purpose includes flood mitigation, hydro-power, irrigation, water supply and conservation. The impounded reservoir is called Lake Keepit.

Original design for the eastern approaches, showing the two sets of pylons and the main watergate. Construction of the Arlington Memorial Bridge superstructure continued through 1929. There was a serious delay, however, when in the spring of 1929 the H.P. Severin Co. discovered an unstable rock shelf thick under the western abutment of the Arlington Memorial Bridge. This "rotten rock" had not been revealed by borings two years earlier.

Laurel Run is entirely within the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Elk Grove. There is a bridge that crosses Laurel Run and the Pennsylvania Game Commission has a permit to maintain it. The bridge is a wood plank bridge on abutment walls made of stone masonry. It has a span of and the opening that the stream passes through has an area of 65 square feet (6 square meters).

The new bridge was completed in 1849 by Thomas Penson of Oswestry or his son Richard Penson. The bridge carries the A487 road, also known as the Fishguard to Bangor Trunk Road in West and North Wales. A short section with an arch for leat overflow carries the date 1912. The bridge was listed Grade II on 23 May 1996, and it is described as "Pont Aberarth and attached abutment walls".

The river bridge features open spans ranging between 58.8 m and 65.9 m. It has a haunched steel composite construction with a box girder cross section, whose overall height varies between 1.5 m at the abutment and 3.5 m over the river piers. The outland bridge has a span of 14.2 m and a reinforced concrete superstructure. The building costs added up to 4 million DM ("German marks").

To restore lost capacity, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission constructed a replacement dam located downstream from the original 1925 dam. The dam replacement took twice as long (eight years instead of four years) and cost twice as much as originally scheduled. Hazardous geological conditions were discovered near the proposed west abutment in 2012 and near the proposed spillway. The dam site was weakened by at least two ancient landslides.

The other approach viaduct to the over-water span is from Seventh Avenue and Macombs Place (formerly Macombs Dam Road). It is long. The approach ramp is carried by several steel plate girders, as well as three Warren truss spans on the approach's southern side, which are carried by box girders. Part of the approach ramp is carried on an abutment pier, which contains a limestone-and- granite facade.

As part of the seismic retrofit, the deck, sidewalks, and railings were removed and reconstructed using reinforced concrete. The expansion joints were also removed, so the bridge deck is now a one-piece structural diaphragm built to transfer all seismic forces into the abutment walls at either end of the bridge. All of the rebuilding was done in an effort to preserve the historic appearance of the bridge.

The abutment made of concrete was drafted by Immo Kirsch, then head of the department for building construction. In summer 2015, during a routine check water was detected within the roof. This meant that there was a danger of the building collapsing. Originally, the renovation was planned to be finished by July 2016, but due to rainy weather the completion was postponed to September when events started to take place again.

Clackline Bridge survived, weakened but in a reasonable condition. The damage included internal expansion joints that had failed, split bedlogs, and other deteriorated timbers. Steel props were installed to support the bridge, and the substructure was repaired in 1995, which mainly involved replacing connecting bolts. A concrete approach slab was installed adjacent to the western abutment in 1998, and in 2013 the concrete deck near pier 13 was repaired.

The Marco Polo Bridge is in length and in width, supported on 10 piers and 11 segmental arches.The number of "legs", or piers, is correct here, even though with X arches one would expect X+1 piers. The "discrepancy" is that each end, or abutment, does not count as a pier. Were they to be counted, one would have the proper number of piers (12) for the 11 arches mentioned.

In 1868, a freak storm flooded the Patapsco and severely damaged the railroad, as well as washing away many of its customers. Most of the railroad was rebuilt, but with many alterations to the surviving structures. For instance, all but one arch of the Patterson Viaduct at Ilchester were washed away; the railroad retained the remaining arch to use as an abutment for the Bollman truss bridge which replaced the viaduct.

Fair Brook bridge, upstream side Located just upstream of State Forest/West Hill Road (about ), where it cross Fair Brook about west of the intersection with Dam Road, is the largest of the four bridges. The arch has a span of about and rests on abutments that are part on a stone abutment and partly on bedrock. One of the abutments is angled, suggesting it was built for an earlier bridge.

Flooding in the Delaware basin in 1955 restarted proposals for a flood control program. The 1962 design assumed earth construction in a slightly different location. The proposed dam was to be long and high, mainly of earthfill construction. At the New Jersey abutment a section of concrete gravity dam structure was to accommodate overflow spillways controlled by tainter gates, together with an intake structure for a powerhouse just downstream.

Wallace was the manager of the purchasing department of Ling-Temco-Vought. He attended an Episcopal church in Dallas. On January 7, 1971, Wallace died when his car ran off the road 3.5 miles south of Pittsburg, Texas on U.S. Route 271. Noting that the highway was neither icy nor wet, the investigating patrolman stated that Wallace had struck a bridge abutment after apparently losing control of his car.

Examples of this would be using soft toothbrushes or nylon coated interproximal brushes. The one implication during professional treatment is that metal instruments may cause damage to the metallic surface of the implant or abutment, which can lead to bacterial colonisation. So, to avoid this, there are specially designed instruments made with hard plastic or rubber. Additionally rinsing (twice daily) with antimicrobial mouthwashes has been shown to be beneficial.

Large concrete bridge abutments remain at Hutchinson Boulevard in northern Willson's Woods Park in Mount Vernon. Lorraine Terrace, a residential street, runs along the former rail line. Remains of the Columbus Avenue station in Mount Vernon, including the abutment on the opposite (north) side of the NH line, are still in place. The East Third Street Station building in Mount Vernon, east of South Fulton Avenue, temporarily and partially remains.

Crossing- point of traction current power line and HVDC Fenno-Skan 2 (only crossing point of HVDC overhead line and single-phase AC overhead powerline in the world): . The railway on the Öresund bridge is fed with Danish standard voltage, 25 kV 50 Hz AC, along around 6 km within Swedish borders. The power is supplied from Denmark. The system limit is at Lernacken, near the bridge abutment.

Boundary Powerhouse, located adjacent to the dam, is completely built inside of the rock that makes up the left abutment of the dam itself. It has a nameplate capacity of just over 1 gigawatt of generation. The component of the hydroelectric project were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018. A portion of the Kevin Costner film The Postman was filmed on the front of the dam.

The dam supports the Serra da Mesa Hydroelectric Power Station, an underground power station and hydraulic circuit. Before reaching the turbines, water enters the intake near the dam's left abutment and proceeds along three long intake tunnels before reaching three long and diameter penstocks. Water then reaches the Francis turbines which power three generators. After exiting the turbines, the water is discharged from the power house via one long tailrace tunnel.

Risca Long Bridge was a fine masonry viaduct with thirty-two arches that was built in 1805 to carry the tramroad across the Ebbw Valley flood plain. It was constructed from red pennant sandstone by the engineer of the Sirhowy Tramroad, John Hodgkinson. The bridge was redundant by 1859 and was demolished in 1902. Local houses have been built from its stone and the east abutment is the only remaining fragment.

A further passenger carriage hung diagonally from the abutment facing downwards towards the river. The final five passenger carriages remained upon the tracks, virtually undamaged. As the first carriages fell into the river, the air brake system pipes were severed and the brakes in the rear carriages were therefore instantly applied, keeping them standing on the tracks. Most of the passengers in the rear part of the train were uninjured.

Tropical Storm Irene in New Brunswick, NJ Spring Nor'easter, April 16, 2007 Manville gage house built into Van Veghten's Bridge abutment during the Raritan River flood of December 31, 1948 The Raritan River is a major river of central New Jersey in the United States. Its watershed drains much of the mountainous area of the central part of the state, emptying into the Raritan Bay on the Atlantic Ocean.

The BBC is overconsolidated up to a depth of approximately . The substructure originally consisted of two masonry abutments and twenty-three masonry piers, as well as one pile foundation with a fender pier for the draw span. The superstructure was originally twenty-three cantilevered fixed spans and suspended spans, of plate girders with one swing span. The Boston abutment rests on vertical piles, while the Cambridge end is directly on gravel.

However, the actual construction took 82 months because of delays due to administrative procedures, delayed payment of billings for the contractors, flooding of the Agusan River due to inclement weather, delays in land acquisition and soft ground encountered near the bridge abutment, which required additional sub-surface investigations and design revisions. Civil works for both the bridge and the bypass road began in May 2004 and were completed in May 2007.

He warned Marsh who, using T.A. Bostwick as an intermediary, acquired the piece from the quarry owner, Charles O. Wolcott. Marsh tried to secure the front half of the skeleton but it had already been used in a bridge abutment. The specimen, YPM 208, was named Anchisaurus major, "the larger one", by Marsh in 1889. Eventually, when the bridge was demolished in August 1969, John Ostrom would save the front block.

The next large flood in the area would not come until the winter of 1965-66. Because of safety concerns, the dam was later modified during the mid-1990s by the Bureau of Reclamation. Beginning in March 1994, the dam was raised and subsequently, its service spillway was modified as well to accompany the new height. An unlined auxiliary spillway was also constructed about south of the dam's left abutment.

Since the New London & East Lyme ran primarily along unpaved roads, its trackage was largely removed when the roads were later widened and paved, and no sign of the line remains there. Evidence of the Smith Cove trestle - the only portion of the line not along roads - still exists; the western abutment is in place, as are several intermediate abutments which are visible when water levels are low.

Structured VLSI design is a modular methodology originated by Carver Mead and Lynn Conway for saving microchip area by minimizing the interconnect fabrics area. This is obtained by repetitive arrangement of rectangular macro blocks which can be interconnected using wiring by abutment. An example is partitioning the layout of an adder into a row of equal bit slices cells. In complex designs this structuring may be achieved by hierarchical nesting.

Political controversy preceded construction of the MacKay Bridge when the city of Halifax expropriated residents from the community of Africville near the Halifax abutment. New highway interchanges were built with the northern end of Barrington Street, and an extension of Robie Street and the Bedford Highway (Trunk 2), as well as realignments of Highway 102 and Bayers Road. It was also necessary to realign some CN railway trackage in the area.

The bridge is wide, with a roadway width of , carrying one lane of traffic. It is covered by a metal gabled roof with broad eaves. The side walls are covered to about half their height with vertical board siding, which is extended around the full height of the portals. The bridge rests on abutments of stone and concrete; the northern one has been rebuilt after its original stone abutment collapsed.

Foundation piles were driven up to 39 metres into the sea bed, which were then reinforced with concrete and capped with concrete headstock and girders. The bridge was then fitted with concrete barriers, guard rails and electrical conduit. The southern and northern abutment of the bridge included land reclamation works involving a seawall and embankment. Construction began in April 2008 and the entire duplication works were completed on 19 August 2011.

By April 2012, only one segment in between the bridge decks of PB 9 and PB10 was still missing. After this gap was closed, one could walk halfway across the Danube river. The gap between the bridge decks of pillars PB10 and PB11 was closed during the summer. Despite the low water levels in the Danube river construction continued swiftly, working on the abutment A3, on the Romanian river bank.

The southern abutment has extensive wingwalls, giving that structure a total width of about . The road which the bridge carries was probably laid out in 1808, during the early period of Industry's settlement. John Thompson had a house and established a grist mill nearby in 1805. The area had been abandoned by the late 19th century, and the roadway south of the bridge is unmaintained and in deteriorated condition.

In 1950 CNR structural engineers felt the bridge was unsafe for any rail traffic and the rails were removed while the railway instituted taxi service for passengers travelling to Murray Harbour, allowing them to board passenger trains at its terminus near the bridge abutment in Southport. No longer used for rail traffic, CNR wished to rid itself of operating the bridge and tried to get the provincial government to take ownership. The provincial government, which had been getting away with having the federally owned railway company operate this important bridge for many years, sought to delay any handover and at one point in the early 1950s, CNR engineers barricaded the bridge to public travel, partly out of concern that the bridge was unsafe, and partly to pressure the provincial negotiators. The provincial government was outraged and Premier J. Walter Jones staged a publicity stunt at the Charlottetown abutment of the bridge, boarding a bulldozer and demanding in front of local media, that the bridge be reopened.

A bastion, a large earthwork projecting eastwards from the Bastille, was built to provide additional protective fire for the Bastille and the Arsenal; the bastion was reached from the fortress across a stone abutment using a connecting drawbridge that was installed in the Bastille's Comté tower.Coueret, pp. 45, 57. In 1573 the Porte Saint-Antoine was also altered – the drawbridges were replaced with a fixed bridge, and the medieval gatehouse was replaced with a triumphal arch.Coueret, p. 37. The Bastille in 1647, illustrating the bastion, the stone abutment linking to the fortress and the new southern entrance built during the 1550s The Bastille was involved in the numerous wars of religion fought between Protestant and Catholic factions with support from foreign allies during the second half of the 16th century. Religious and political tensions in Paris initially exploded in the Day of the Barricades on 12 May 1588, when hard-line Catholics rose up in revolt against the relatively moderate Henry III.

On May 4, a $1.615 million contract was awarded to the North Carolina Granite Co. for the provision of granite for the sidewalks, balustrades, and masonry facing of the piers, and a $207,000 contract given to the Stone Mountain Granite Corp. of Stone Mountain, Georgia, for granite for the bridge's substructure."Contracts Awarded For Bridge Granite." Washington Post. May 5, 1926. The substructure granite was delivered by June 30, 1927, and 125 railroad cars of granite for the superstructure arrived shortly thereafter.Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital, 1927, p. 20. Work on the bridge began on the D.C. side, moving toward Virginia. By June 30, steel sheets were driven into the riverbottom to allow construction of the cofferdams for Abutment No. 1, Pier No. 1, and Pier No. 2, and excavation was under way on Abutment No. 1 and Pier No. 1. The first load of granite (from Stone Mountain) arrived on July 31.

The dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam, wide at the base and wide at the crest, with an original height of . The concrete structure measures deep at the base, tapering to at the crest, with a volume of of concrete. It is anchored into Pre-Cambrian granitic rock on either side. The spillway is an uncontrolled overflow weir on the south side, wide, dropping through a tunnel in the left abutment.

Right abutment outlet works with seepage on canyon walls Work on the Shoshone Power Plant started in 1920. The power plant is located downstream from the dam on the north side of the canyon. Following delays for spring flooding, work on the power house and supply tunnel was complete in 1922, ready for the installation of electrical equipment. Generating units 1 and 2 came on line in 1922, with Unit 3 in 1931.

At the age of 30, while Chief Resident at MGH, Dr. Ronald A. Malt became a celebrated surgical figure. On May 23rd, 1962, Dr. Malt led a team of surgeons who accomplished the first successful replantation of a completely severed limb. Heading to baseball practice, a young Everett Knowles hopped on the back of a freight train. When the train lurched, it sent him into a stone abutment, severing his right arm.

The four-span, concrete girder bridge, simply supported continuous-over-pier bridge on a 26 degree skew, is supported on three internal piers and abutments on both ends. The north end is anchored on to the abutment and the remaining supports have rocker bearings to allow movement to the bridge deck. The deck was widened in 1994. Each of the three piers consists of two octagonal columns about from the top of the pile cap.

At first, the Humber was causing slow flooding, which allowed some residents to evacuate. However, as the water rose, the footbridge became unstable, and was eventually torn off one abutment, but it was not immediately swept away. Due to the size of the river, the bridge was big enough to substantially redirect debris and water onto Raymore Drive and into the neighbourhood. The water rose by over in a flood that suddenly became violent.

No trace of the Nantlle Railway can be discerned on or north of St Helens Road in the lower town. Most if not all was obliterated when standard gauge lines were installed in the 1870s. Modern day road works have completed the job. The most northerly clear remnant is Coed Helen tunnel, with embankment traces between there and the river and bridge abutment traces having to be taken on trust as being of railway origin.

Korro railway station was a ground level stopping place during the passenger transport days of the Willunga railway line. Shortly after the stop, the railway crossed the Onkaparinga River. The old bridge, built in 1914, had 3 spans, each of 70 feet, and was of lattice-type girder construction. A second bridge, built in 1930, also has 3 spans of rivetted plate-girder construction founded on concrete abutment piers driven into the bedrock.

The side faces of the abutment and endposts are inclined. The bridge was opened in 1931 and cost A₤60,895. Even after the new bridge was opened some locals still forded the river near the former bridge if they could, to save petrol from the extra distance required by road to reach the new bridge. There is a carpark at the southern end of the bridge, from which the Murrumbidgee River can be accessed.

The north end of the Willimantic Footbridge is located near the eastern end of its downtown commercial district, between North and Church Streets on Main Street. The bridge is a five-span steel truss structure, about in length. The trusses are mainly mounted on steel trestle piers, although one is of granite rubblestone. The Main Street abutment is built out of ashlar granite blocks, while that on the south bank of the river is rubblestone.

In the 1960s, a Town of Rockingham gravel truck fell through the bridge cutting off cars from Lower Bartonsville Village from the direct link to Vermont Route 103 until the floor was replaced. In the early 1980s extensive renovations were conducted on the bridge, including replacing the abutment on the north side of the bridge, reinforcing the original stone abutments on the south side of the bridge, and replacing the roof and the weathered siding.

Infrastructure remains include the Johnsonville Line, a stone plaque on the eastern abutment of the bridge across Hutt Rd in Wellington, the foundations of the Belmont Viaduct near Johnsonville, most of the NIMT north of Tawa, the railway station at Shannon, the former Te Horo station (now at the Tokomaru Steam Museum) and the Forest Lakes rail bridge. A memorial at Otaihanga on the NIMT commemorates the driving of the WMR's last spike.

Ma Wan abutment The bridge was designed by Mott MacDonald. The firm designed an early iteration of the bridge in 1982, with a two lane dual carriageway on the top deck, and a light railway on the lower deck. The bridge was redesigned beginning in 1989 to account for the three lane dual highway and the heavier airport railway. The designers were inspired by the Forth Bridge in Scotland and the Severn Bridge in England.

This was a difficult position to approach, for the loch takes up much of the glen, with only a narrow track bordered by a steep slope. Near the middle, the hill pushes forward in a precipitous abutment. Valence sent a raiding party ahead, of unknown size, perhaps hoping to catch the enemy off- guard in much the same fashion as at Methven. This time, however, King Robert made effective use of the terrain.

The structure the bridge is closely related to the Bolsheokhtinsky Bridge. The same construction solution was also used in the design of the railway bridge across the Daugava River in Riga. The bridge was constructed as a steel bridge, carrying two rail tracks and a pedestrian path. The bridge design consists of four equal-width arched spans, each long, surrounded by a pair of abutment spans and with a central draw span in the middle.

It had a single platform on the right of trains heading towards Newquay. The Halt was staffed in the summer months, and in some records is referred to as Perranporth Beach Platform. After closure, the sectional concrete platform was removed and installed The Dell, subsequently renamed Falmouth Town railway station on the Maritime Line. Today only one abutment of the adjacent road overbridge remains and four houses now stand on the site of the halt.

The crest width is 30 feet (9 m), and the crest length is 9,900 feet (3 km). The structural height of the dam is 122 feet (37 m). Fort Cobb Reservoir has a total capacity of and covers an area of 5956 acres (24.1 km²) at top of flood pool level. The uncontrolled morning-glory spillway in the left abutment consists of a concrete intake structure, concrete conduit, and concrete chute and stilling basin.

The Thermalito Diversion Dam Powerplant is located at the Thermalito Diversion Dam below the left abutment of the dam. The powerplant generates electricity from water released to the Feather River to maintain fish habitat between the diversion dam and Thermalito Afterbay river outlet. It was constructed in 1985 and was completed in 1987. The powerplant has one generating unit with an installed capacity of 3.3 MW, and a maximum flow rate of .

Crown to root ratio is the distance from the occlusal/incisal surface of the tooth to the alveolar crest in relation to the length of root within the bone. The minimum ratio of crown to root is considered to be 1:1, although the most favourable is a crown:root of 2:3. As the proportion of tooth supported by bone decreases, the lever effect increases. Root configuration should be considered when selecting abutment(s).

Divergent roots of posteriors provide increased support compared to converging, fused or conical roots. Roots that curve apically provide increased support compared to those which have a fixed taper. The number of abutments required depends on both the position of the tooth to be replaced and the length of the span. Cantilever designs utilising one abutment is the design of choice for replacing a single tooth anteriorly and can also be used posteriorly.

In the white van, Walling discovers duct tape affixed to human hair proving they were on the right track. Suddenly, gunshots ring out, narrowly missing Walling and Bosh. The shots came from behind a large American flag affixed to the wall -- a flag that conceals a tunnel built into the hillside abutment on the backside of the house. Bosch crawls into the tunnel, which is filled with human bones from Waits's victims.

Drawing of the 1890 bridge which appeared in The Washington Post upon the bridge's dedication. Construction of the new bridge began in November 1887. Complications arose when the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad (B&PR;), whose tracks ran along the north/eastern shore of the Anacostia River, sued the federal government. The B&PR; argued that the bridge abutment encroached on its right-of-way, and that the bridge was too low over its tracks.

But yet more construction delays occurred. Due to the heavily silted bottom of the river, the Army Corps of Engineers could not find solid ground on which to build the bridge's piers and abutments. A cofferdam was constructed and extensive excavation and investigation of the riverbed occurred before the second abutment on the northwestern side could be sited. The riverbottom also played havoc with siting and sinking of the piers for the bridge.

By May 1848, work on the masonry of the west abutment was recorded as having been completed. On 30 May 1850, the locomotive Hercules and its tender became the first train to cross over the completed viaduct. On 18 June 1850, the structure was officially opened to traffic, being used by the first train between Chepstow and Swansea during the same day. Reportedly, the Landore Viaduct had cost roughly £28,720 to construct.

The steel sections, nuts, bolts and rivets were sent from Birmingham, United Kingdom. Unsuitable to be used for the abutment and foundations, the local rock and sand was replaced by material brought from Pichi Mahuida. A tide gauge was placed in Paso de los Indios to measure the changes on the Neuquén River. During the construction, the workers camped in tents on the left bank, while during the summer they moved to nearby bulrush shacks.

Fontenelle Dam was built between 1961 and 1964 on the Green River in southwestern Wyoming. The high zoned earthfill dam impounds the Fontenelle Reservoir. The dam and reservoir are the central features of the Seedskadee Project of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, which manages the Fontenelle impoundment primarily as a storage reservoir for the Colorado River Storage Project. The dam suffered a significant failure in 1965, when the dam's right abutment developed a leak.

A radiological control is necessary to verify the correct placement and connection of implant and abutment. In a further step, abutments are covered by gold cone caps, which represent the secondary crowns. Where necessary, the transition of the gold cone caps to the mucosa can be isolated with rubber dam rings. The new prosthesis corresponds to a conventional total prosthesis but the basis contains cavities so that the secondary crowns can be incorporated.

According to the Hampshire Review, the only serious injury sustained was a broken wooden leg. Following the collapse of the eastern Whipple truss span, a temporary wooden span was hastily constructed between the western truss span and the eastern abutment, so that traffic was uninterrupted until the new bridge was completed and opened on June 21, 1937. The 1937 bridge was used until 2010 when it was replaced by the current South Branch Bridge.

The Bridge of Avon is a bridge over the River Avon at Ballindalloch in Moray, Scotland, built between 1800 and 1801 by George Burn. The bridge is mainly rubble-built, with an abutment on the south bank, and a pier with a cutwater on the north bank, of tooled ashlar. It crosses the river in a single wide segmental arch, with a smaller flood arch on the north bank. The south spandrel bears two plaques.

Carron Bridge is located near the town of Carron, in Moray, Scotland. The main span, a segmental arch, is supported by three cast iron ribs, each cast in seven parts and bolted together, with masonry flood arches on each bank, which have spans of . The spandrels linking the main arch to the carriageways are composed of delicate cast iron lattice work. At either end are abutment piers of rustic ashlar, protected by triangular cutwaters.

Although later many geologists disagreed on the exact location of the area of contact between the two formations, a majority opinion placed it at the inactive San Francisquito Fault line. Mulholland ordered exploratory tunnels and shafts excavated into the red conglomerate hillside to determine its characteristics. He also had water percolation tests performed. The results convinced him that the hill would make a satisfactory abutment for a dam should the need ever arise.

Roman cement was used where the joints were in contact with the water and Portland cement elsewhere. The original spillway was a channel excavated at the northern abutment of the dam. This spillway was closed when the dam was raised, and provision was made for floods to pass over the raised dam crest that incorporated a syphon spillway for low flows. Considering its age, the condition of Lake Parramatta Dam is very good.

Brown and Company had finished the masonry work, that had been subcontracted out to them, for the abutments by September 16, and Mr. Daniels was given $6,000 to pay for the work. This was to be the only bridge in Parke County built by J. J. Daniels that would contain a cornerstone in the abutment. The cornerstone is located in the south upstream side of the bridge and reads, "Builder J. J. Daniels 1861".

Visconti castle over the Adda. At the left-hand side, one abutment with remnants of the sharply rising arch vault is visible. The Trezzo sull'Adda Bridge or Trezzo Bridge was a medieval bridge at Trezzo sull'Adda in Lombardy, Italy, spanning the Adda river. Completed in 1377, the single-arch bridge held the record for the largest span for over four hundred years, until the beginnings of the Industrial Age,Hans Straub et al.

With support at the middle and the outer edges, the main-span bridge deck can be made relatively lightweight and slender. The bridge is controlled by the principal design parameters to reflect a transparent, elegant and futuristic slender looking structure, with an overall single span of 300m and total width of 32m. There are dual three lane carriageways. The deck level varies from RL 35.25m at abutment to RL 35m at centre of the bridge.

The dam was built over the old route and parts of it are inundated by Isabella Lake. The new route goes over the dam's southern abutment and along the shoreline of Isabella Lake toward Onyx. In 1964, all of the California routes were renumbered. LRN 58 was dropped from Route 178 and combined with the eastern portion of the decommissioned US 466 (also defined as part of LRN 58) to create SR 58.

The bridge rests on abutments of stone and concrete; the north abutment includes a large granite outcrop. The bridge deck is supported by steel I-beams installed in 1971 to carry the active load. with The bridge was built in 1896, one of the last known to be built in the 19th century in Vermont. Its construction is somewhat unusual, with distinctively thicker bottom chords on the trusses, built out of twelve layers of planking.

Steps that led to Darfield station may be found beyond the western abutment. The station was originally at the Broomhill end of the tunnel but in 1880 was moved nearer to the road when the tunnel was 'scalped' into a cutting. The remains of Darfield station can be found at its former Doncaster Road site. The original station was built 45 chains to the south at the Cathill Road site near to Broomhill in 1840.

The work was undertaken in two contracts relating to the different construction types. The contract for the aqueducts was let to J. F. Carson. The design details of the aqueduct are the same for that of the aqueduct at Cooks River, except for the amendment to include a subway for pedestrians at the southern terminus of the arches at Arncliffe Road (now Turrella Street). Also constructed here was brick semi-circular abutment to the embankment.

According to the Italian scholar Galliazzo, though, the characteristic pattern of alternating brick and stone layers in the arch rip (see picture showing the arch of eastern abutment) rather points at an early Byzantine reconstruction from the second half of the 5th or the first of the 6th century AD, during the reign of Justinian. In his view, only the pier foundations and the abutments with their minor arches are unequivocally of Roman origin.

It used construction materials and methods standardized by the state to improve the efficiency and speed at which bridges could be built. This bridge carried US 7, western Vermont's major north-south transportation artery, until it was bypassed by a four-lane bridge to the east. The bridge was closed in 1989 due to deterioration of the bridge structure. A consultant's report in 1994 documented structural failure that damaged the southern abutment, and recommended demolition.

Tankersley Tavern, also known as Old Bridge, is a historic building located near Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia. It was built in three sections with the oldest dated to about 1835. It is a two-story, nine-bay, single pile, frame building with an exposed basement and a decorative two-level gallery on the front facade. Also on the property are the contributing washhouse/kitchen, three frame sheds and a stone abutment for a bridge.

The rock has been used for many notable building projects in and around Dedham. It was used for St. Mary's Church (1880), St. Paul's Church (1858), Memorial Hall (1868), the Boston and Providence Railroad station (1882), the Dedham Public Library (1888), Trinity Church in Copley Square. There are several pieces of it arranged decoratively along East Street in Dedham, between High and Avery Streets. These pieces were remnants of the railroad abutment that was dismantled in 2008.

In March 2011, exactly 150 years after the event occurred in the city, the veracity of the events has been acknowledged by Basel-City with a commemorative plaque, which points out the resting place of the recipe. It reads: > On 22 September 1861 Tatarî Oğuz Effendi (1831-1871) threw the recipe of his > occult chocolate in a metal crate to the Rhein. It is believed that the > crate is located under the main abutment of the Mittlere Rheinbrücke today.

De Launay had taken various precautions, raising the drawbridge in the Comté tower and destroying the stone abutment that linked the Bastille to its bastion to prevent anyone from gaining access from that side of the fortress.Coueret, p. 57. The shops in the entranceway to the Bastille had been closed and the gates locked. The Bastille was defended by 30 small artillery pieces, but nonetheless, by 14 July de Launay was very concerned about the Bastille's situation.

This trail stretches over the glacial and riverine sediments of Muddy Creek's valley. The terrain is flat to gently rolling with an environment of meadows, marshes, oxbow sloughs, and intermediate and mature forests. A boardwalk provides excellent access for the handicapped and accommodates others in this seasonally wet area. At the end of the trail lies an abutment from an iron bridge that spanned Muddy Creek on what was once a plank road across the valley.

The bridge was built in 1929–30 as a replacement for an existing cable ferry and a cable suspension footbridge. The bridge has three steel through-truss spans of each for a total length of . In 1995, the first pier from the New Brunswick abutment had major repairs done. In 1997, the steel members under the deck in the first 1.5 spans from the New Brunswick end were sandblasted, and then painted with a primer of inorganic zinc.

An integral bridge contains no expansion joints to accommodate enlargement due to increased temperature. Horizontal (axial) movements due to thermal expansion and braking loads are instead transferred to the fill adjacent to the abutment. The omission of the expansion joint removes a pathway for the penetration of chloride-bearing road salts to the bridge's sub-structure. In the United Kingdom there is a presumption that most new short to medium length bridges will be of the integral type.

Williams, p. 493-494. In September 1852, determined to get a bridge built at the Three Sisters, Georgetown city officials commissioned a study from engineer Charles Ellet. Ellet proposed a single-span bridge at the Three Sisters whose main arch would be more than long and whose deck would be above the water. Stone abutments high on the Georgetown side would arch over the C&O; Canal and connect the C&O; Canal abutment to the high ground.

Work began in December 1947 with the removal of the original bridge and the beginnings of earthworks for the new bridge foundations. Previously the East abutment of the bridge had housed the pivot mechanism for the swing bridge, and sheet piling was used as a temporary coffer dam on both sides whilst the bridge pits and foundations were constructed. The bridge spans were built in two sections. The quadrants were assembled first and placed onto their trunnions.

The southeastern abutment of the Landwasser Viaduct is located on a high cliff, and at that point, the tracks lead directly into the long Landwasser Tunnel. The tunnel's entrance is positioned on a vertical rock wall, having been purposefully aligned with the viaduct. It was considered to be a challenging architectural feat of its era, and its construction employed several innovative techniques. Construction of the Landwasser Viaduct commenced during 1901 and was completed during the following year.

In 2003 Hrvatske ceste started tender procedure regarding reconstruction of the Maslenica Bridge in its original form. The remains of the original bridge left over were pier foundations (some of them shifted or damaged) and the southern abutment. The reconstruction design was based on the original construction designs which were still available. All basic structural elements were left unchanged, while some changes were necessary due to changes to construction code implemented since completion of the original bridge.

A dateless coin, showing the effects of circulation on the Buffalo nickel. This is a Type II reverse. The first coins to be distributed were given out on February 22, 1913, when Taft presided at groundbreaking ceremonies for the National American Indian Memorial at Fort Wadsworth, Staten Island, New York. The memorial, a project of department store magnate Rodman Wanamaker, was never built, and today the site is occupied by an abutment for the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.

The only evidence remaining of this line is a bridge abutment on Whitefield Road. During the two World Wars, the works were especially busy, but by 1950 trade had largely dried up. Although in 1956 an attempt had been made to enter the diesel-mechanical market, the last steam engine was produced in 1958 and the company was taken over by Reed Crane & Hoist Co Ltd on 23 October 1961, which itself later went into liquidation.

The headroom is only due to the tunnel having to pass beneath the bridge abutment by a 1:12 gradient. An electronic 'eye' alerts drivers of tall vehicles and diverts them to an 'escape route' to the left of the entrance. However, high vehicles do still try to go through and so get stuck occasionally. Inside the underpass The underpass is a concrete box within the former tram subway, with the road surface at the original track level.

A two-year rehabilitation project which began in 2009 is currently in progress, and includes various structural improvements and replacements of the centre concrete deck, the wood boardwalk and guardrails. Nepean Point overlooks the bridge from the Ottawa side. The Rideau Canal meets the Ottawa River immediately upriver of the bridge's Ottawa abutment. On July 16, 2011, the bridge was closed to public traffic so that an episode of the television series Michael: Tuesdays and Thursdays could be filmed.

This figure is not praying on her knees but is sitting on two lions. The jambs are Saint Andrew and Moses. In the left abutment, the Biblical King David seated on his throne with his legs crossed, translucent through the thin fabric of his clothes, and playing what appears to be a rebec, personifies the triumph over evil and is an outstanding Romanesque work, sculpted by Master Esteban. The creation of Adam and Christ's blessing is also shown.

Piers 14 to 17 are parallel to that former railway, at an angle of approximately 40 degrees to the bridge. This resulted in spans of various lengths: heading out from the western abutment, then a span between piers 16 and 17, followed by a length, two spans, and 13 spans of . View of Clackline Bridge from below, showing the structure of the bridge and piers The bridge has undergone multiple alterations, but the original piers remain.

In 1889, the northern arch in the Washington abutment was enlarged so that the Georgetown Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad could pass underneath. When that line was abandoned, Water Street NW was extended west through the passageway to the Washington Canoe Club. The empty lot before the canoe club had previously been occupied by Dempsey's Canoe Livery. The rest of the Georgetown Branch right-of-way is now occupied by the Capital Crescent Trail.

To densify the ground, 105 injection boreholes were drilled to a depth of around one abutment, and filled at pressure with a low mobility grout up to the surface. Timber compaction piles were used for densification in other areas. Steel-pipe piles were installed at a pier adjacent to the riverbank.; ; Ranking first in Vancouver, the bridge was the scene of more than 2,500 car accidents during 2013–2017, of which nearly half resulted in injuries or fatalities.

The single platformed station was 12 miles (19 km) from Ellon and was linked to the nearby road by a short path and stood to the west of the old railway overbridge on the shore side of the line beyond the embankment. The station had no signalling and stood on a typical single track section of the line. Aberdeenshire, 032.10, Surveyed: 1899, Published: 1901. An old railway cottage survives close to the remnants of the rail bridge abutment.

The Bog Bridge, also known as the Cilleyville Bridge, is a historic covered bridge in Andover, New Hampshire. Built in 1887 and located off New Hampshire Route 11 west of Andover center, the Town lattice truss bridge is one of New Hampshire's few surviving 19th-century covered bridges, and is relatively little altered since its construction, having had its roof replaced and an abutment reconstructed. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

As a result, the steamer hit the stone abutment on the east side of the draw span of the Morrison Bridge. This knocked a hole in the right side of the steamer about 25 feet back from the bow. The force of the river's current swung the Orient’s bow across the river channel where it became jammed into the draw pier. The steamer stayed in this position for some time, but eventually drifted loose and floated downstream.

Finally, Ferrero's brigade was ordered forward. Reaching the bridge at a run, the 21st was ordered to take up a position next to the left abutment, supplying covering fire, while the 51st New York Infantry and the 51st Pennsylvania Infantry finally carried the position. As the Confederates retreated, Ferrero's brigade was soon stationed at the top of the bluff. Later in the afternoon, around sunset, a Confederate counterattack nearly drove the IX Corps back across Antietam Creek.

A pump barge moored near the dam at the east abutment was swamped by the slide and was lost along with several tractors, loadmasters, and draglines on the slope. Of the 134 men working in the area at the time, 34 were carried into the sliding material. Of these 34, eight were unable to be rescued and lost their lives. Of the eight men, only two bodies were ever recovered, leaving six men permanently entombed in the structure.

The prerequisites for long-term success of osseointegrated dental implants are healthy bone and gingiva. Since both can atrophy after tooth extraction, pre- prosthetic procedures such as sinus lifts or gingival grafts are sometimes required to recreate ideal bone and gingiva. The final prosthetic can be either fixed, where a person cannot remove the denture or teeth from their mouth, or removable, where they can remove the prosthetic. In each case an abutment is attached to the implant fixture.

While driving in a practice session on July 19, 1970 for the Trans Am race at Road America during the 1970 season, Jerry Titus' Pontiac Firebird experienced a steering gear failure that caused him to crash into the Bill Mitchell Bridge abutment on the outside of Turn 13. Titus was badly injured and taken to Milwaukee Hospital where he succumbed to his injuries on August 5, 1970. Titus became known by the nickname "Mr. Trans Am".

Rail traffic often held up car crossings, causing long and often very lengthy waits, which were a part of daily life in the Central Valley until the new bridge was completed. Beneath the bridge's north abutment is an important river-level gauge monitored during the annual Fraser freshet. The bridge is also the location of the end of the Fraser's tidal bore - downstream from the bridge the river is increasingly influenced by tidal influences from the Georgia Strait.

They are placed with the shorter side upright facing outwards, so that the total thickness of the arches measures . The bricks are bound with grout of lime mortar mixed with brick shards and fine gravel, forming -thick joints. The two later semi-circular arches were built with smaller bricks, although surviving bricks from the original arch were re-used at places. The abutment stones are dressed limestone ashlar blocks, and form a sloping surface to support the arches.

Baldwin Hills Reservoir after 1963 failure, view south. The gash through the dam corresponds to the alignment of a fault. The Baldwin Hills Dam disaster occurred on December 14, 1963, in the Baldwin Hills neighborhood of South Los Angeles, when the dam containing the Baldwin Hills Reservoir suffered a catastrophic failure and flooded the residential neighborhoods surrounding it. It began with signs of lining failure, followed by increasingly serious leakage through the dam at its east abutment.

Approximately in width and in length, the bridge is built atop a reinforced concrete abutment and pier. Its truss structure exhibits a double- intersection configuration, constructed of 14 bays, each measuring approximately wide and in height, with the diagonals extending across two bays each. The bridge is fabricated of wrought iron bracketed with pins. Spanning the full length of the bridge is a wooden pedestrian walkway that consists of an observation deck and wooden seating near the bridge's midspan.

The dam, is high, long and wide. The flood reduction system also includes two dikes and one levee. These structures, the dam, dikes and levee, hold the water that may build up behind them from the drainage area the dam serves. The dam also has two spillways to handle water above the maximum the dam is designed to hold; one is built into the gate house, the other is beyond the gate house against the right abutment.

Those tunnels emerge through one structure on the left abutment, downstream of the dam, augmented by a plunge pool structure. A system of drainage tunnels was excavated into the left and right abutments at the foot of the main dam. The Bekhme Dam is designed with a central clay core, two upstream and downstream filter zones, and rockfill shoulders (limestone). The upstream and downstream faces of the dam are designed with gradients of 1 vertical to 2.5 horizontal.

The dam, powerplant and reservoir are contained in pre-Cambrian metamorphic rocks, primarily micaceous quartzite, quartz-mica, mica and biotite schists, with granitic veining. The dam site is in a narrow canyon about wide at the river and wide at the top. The spillway discharge falls into a stilling basin whose waters are retained by a weir below the dam. Intake structures near the south abutment feed two diameter penstock tunnels with steel linings leading to the powerplant.

The Esplanade Bridge is a 261-metre-long (850 ft.) road bridge that spans across the mouth of the Singapore River in Singapore with the Esplanade - Theatres on the Bay on its northern abutment and the Merlion on the southern.G. Chandradas, Tien Chung Ping (21 August 2008). "Bridging the gap", The Straits Times. The 70 metre-wide (230 ft.) low-level concrete arched bridge has seven spans and supports two four-lane carriageways and walkways along both sides.

After the base slab had been laid, the cofferdams could be emptied of water and the rest of the pier was constructed. Timber piles were used for the construction of the abutment foundations, and to reinforce one of the piers. On 12 December 1935 an English steam ship ran into the old Masnedsund Bridge, and destroyed part of it. At that time the new bridge was being built, and it was decided to hasten the building.

T. Corbin Lewis, a retired electrical contractor from Hillsgrove Township, restored the bridge in 1968. The concrete reinforcement on the southwest abutment of the Hillsgrove bridge is dated 1968,Note: Follow this link for a photograph of the concrete with "1968" in it. but the other work done in this restoration is not documented. Lewis also restored the Forksville Covered Bridge in 1970, with what its NRHP nomination form describes as "all kinds of odd repairs".

"Tripontium", with the new concrete road bridge in front of the Old Bridge and the viaduct behind The Old Bridge has a central span of , with two side spans of , and a smaller arch in the south abutment. The central arch has a rise of . The rounded cutwaters are carried up to the level of the roadway and are topped with angular pedestrian refuges. Hollow spandrels reduce the weight of the structure, an innovation by Thomas Telford.

Exterior detailing includes the use of bricks of special profile to give an ogee to the lower course under a window or an elegant scotia to the lower edge of an abutment. The interior of the main spaces are formed by the iron framed sawtooth roofing, supported on four arcades of cast iron circular columns. The northernmost row has had most of the columns replaced with fabricated welded steel RSJ posts. The surrounding walls are painted brickwork.

On 1 October 2012, the gap between the bridge deck at PB12 and the abutment A3 on the Romanian river bank was closed. On 3 October 2012, the remaining gap in the bridge was only . Bulgarian radio reporters found out about a technical problem: the difference in the height of the bridge deck between two sides of the gap was , so closing of the gap was not possible before both bridge decks were adjusted to the same height level.

There is still much to be seen of the line between Haywards Heath and Uckfield. Skew Bridge across Borde Hill Lane between Haywards Heath and Balcombe () has extended abutments where the railway would have passed over the road. Each side of the road at Borde Hill () embankments survive, with a remnant of the bridge abutment on the southern side, visible from Copyhold Lane. A cutting leads to what would have been a tunnel at Kenwards Farm ().

The bridge would suffer from damaging flood a couple of times in its life before finally succumbing to the Great Flood of 1913, which would go on to claim several bridges in Parke County. The first record is that J.J. Daniels had to make repairs in 1863 to the bridge. Again, in 1875, flood waters damaged the east abutment this time which would require $900 in repairs. After being damaged in the 1913 flood it was replaced with the Howard Covered Bridge.

Although retention of a root prevents the alveolar bone from resorbing, at a distant site from the overdenture abutment the bone is susceptible to gradual resorption. This could lead to instability of the denture and uneven loading over time. There is then a potential for the denture to irritate the mucosa due to repeated movement against the tissues. Denture Stomatitis Denture stomatitis is a common problem in full and partial denture wearers, and so can also be seen in patients wearing overdentures.

Andytown sign displayed at Andy's Lounge and Package in Davie, Florida A tribute to Andytown, Florida; this is inscribed on the top of the Interstate 75 (eastbound) bridge abutment spanning U.S. Route 27. Aerial photograph of Andytown, Fla. in 1957 Andytown was a town located in Broward County, Florida, United States at the intersection of U.S. 27 and I-75. It was demolished in 1979 in order to allow for the expansion of the Alligator Alley portion of Interstate 75.

The Moxley Covered Bridge stands in southern Chelsea, about south of the village center, on Moxley Road a short way east of Vermont Route 110. It is a single span multiple kingpost truss structure, resting on abutments of dry laid stone and concrete facing. The southern abutment is set on a prominent rock outcrop. The bridge is covered by a metal roof, and its exterior is finished in vertical board siding, which extends a short way to the interior of the portals.

The Upper Falls Covered Bridge is located in a rural area of western Weathersfield, south of Vermont 131 on Upper Falls Road. It is a single-span Town lattice truss structure, set on one modern concrete abutment, and another of dry laid stone that has been faced in concrete. It is long with a gabled overhang of at each end, and is wide with a roadway width of (one lane). The sides of the bridge are clad in vertical board siding.

Therefore the (1,0) term of the spectral sequence has converged, meaning that it is isomorphic to the degree one graded piece of the abutment H 1(A). Because the spectral sequence lies in the first quadrant, the degree one graded piece is equal to the first subgroup in the filtration defining the graded pieces. The inclusion of this subgroup yields the injection E21,0 -> H 1(A) which begins the five-term exact sequence. This injection is called an edge map.

The new footbridge The 2006 footbridge built on the original abutments Today, all that remains at the original Patterson Viaduct is the single masonry roadway side arch of the 1829 construction on the west bank of the Patapsco and the stone abutment on the east bank, just south of the present railroad bridge. In 2006, a cable-stayed footbridge carrying the Grist Mill Trail, with a design that echoes the historic architecture and engineering of a Bollman Bridge, was added atop the abutments.

The Landwasser Viaduct () is a single-track six-arched curved limestone railway viaduct. It spans the Landwasser between Schmitten and Filisur, in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. Designed by Alexander Acatos, the Landwasser Viaduct was constructed between 1901 and 1902 by Müller & Zeerleder on behalf of the Rhaetian Railway, which both owns and operates it through to the present day. A signature structure of the World Heritage-listed Albula Railway, it is high, long; its southeastern abutment connects directly to the Landwasser Tunnel.

Steel sheeting for Abutment No. 3 began to be driven and the wooden guides for the steel sheeting for Pier No. 5 were in place in late June.Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital, 1927, p. 19-20. Congress authorized $2.5 million to be spent on the bridge between July 1, 1927, and June 30, 1928. That same month, C. Paul Jennewein was awarded a contract to design the tall eagles which would be sculpted on each pier.

Many homes were dislodged if they were not bolted to their foundations. There were structural failures of twin bridges across Struve Slough near Watsonville. In Moss Landing, the liquefaction destroyed the causeway that carried the Moss Beach access road across a tidewater basin, damaged the approach and abutment of the bridge linking Moss Landing spit to the mainland and cracked the paved road on Paul's Island. In the Old Town historical district of the city of Salinas, unreinforced masonry buildings were partially destroyed.

The bridge has concrete abutments designed to match the adjacent sandstone abutments of the 1897 bridge. The cornicing of the 1897 abutments continues around the top of the 1915 abutments. A sandstone parapet wall similar to the one on the 1897 abutment runs along the western edge. At each of the support points for the 1897 bridge, a third pier, identical in design to the earlier ones, was erected and the supporting beam was extended to support the 1915 bridge.

The remains of the tramway abutment are also located near the fig tree. All that remains above ground level are a number of metal rods and two thick pieces of timber. Two metal pipes extend from beneath the fig tree into Lake Cootharaba and are thought to be related to transporting water from the Lake to the boilers. Between the farmhouse and the shores of Lake Cootharaba are the remains of 20th century yards with hundreds of wooden fence and rail posts.

The Eldean Covered Bridge is located north of the city of Troy, spanning the Great Miami River between Concord Township and Staunton Township on a now- bypassed segment of County Road 33. It is a two-span structure, mounted on cut stone abutments and a central pier. The western abutment and central pier have been capped in concrete, and the pier has a cutwater feature on its northern (upstream) side. The total structure length is , with each span about and wide.

A Short Line abutment at Twin Glens. Much of the grade is still visible along the length of the route, though occasionally cleared for agriculture or new development in towns. In Ithaca, the roadbed is used for sewer access and maintenance, and has been proposed as the route of the East Shore Trail. In North Lansing, a fill constructed by the Short Line over Beardsley's Gulf (the valley of Locke Creek), replacing a 480-foot trestle of its predecessors, still remains.

The Bedell Bridge was a Burr truss covered bridge that spanned the Connecticut River between Newbury, Vermont and Haverhill, New Hampshire. Until its most recent destruction in 1979, it was, with a total length of , the second- longest covered bridge in the United States. The bridge was divided into two spans of roughly equal length, and rested on a central pier and shore abutments constructed from mortared rough stone. The eastern abutment has been shored up by the addition of a concrete footing.

The southern arch of the Washington abutment shelters rowing shells belonging to members of the Potomac Boat Club. Between the abutments, the preserved pier remains in place near the river's Virginia shoreline. A coalition of Georgetown business groups and residents have joined with Georgetown University to advocate the construction of a gondola that would cross the river along the former path of the Aqueduct Bridge. Conceptual images show that a pole supporting the gondola's cables would rise from the bridge's remaining pier.

Abutment of the planned bypass from the new long-distance tracks at Neuheimer Weg north of Jüterbog station At the beginning of the 20th century, traffic on the Berlin–Halle railway increased significantly. For this reason, extensive work began on the upgrade of the Berlin–Halle railway after 1910. It was planned to upgrade the section from Berlin to Jüterbog to four tracks. The works were already well advanced in 1915, but came to a standstill because of the First World War.

An illustration of a Pratt truss, the most common type of bridge built in the United States during the early 20th century. The 1907 North Avenue Bridge was a modified Pratt truss. The bridge measured about from one abutment to the other. The bridge took the general form of a Pratt truss; however, where most Pratt trusses would incline downwards at the shoreline, the tail ends of the North Avenue Bridge truss curved upwards, tapering towards the center of the span.

In 1874 the Great Northern Railway opened its Laisterdyke - Shipley branch (the Shipley and Windhill line), a six-mile double track branch line from Quarry Gap junction in Thornbury to Shipley and Windhill railway station, passing Eccleshill, Idle and Thackley railway stations. Eccleshill railway station opened in 1875 with its sidings and coal yard. This was located just north of the rail bridge crossing over Harrogate Road. Only the embankment and abutment of one side of the rail bridge remain.

The same year, the thousand-foot (300 m) Hawk Street Viaduct was built, connecting the neighborhoods north of Sheridan Hollow, now home to many of the workers in the industrialized city, with the Lafayette Park area. Since dismantled, it is believed to have been the first cantilevered arch bridge in the world, designed by former state engineer Elnathan Sweet. A segment of the iron railing and its south abutment remain, as contributing properties. Elk Street remained an address known for its high style.

Reconstructing the western approach to the Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge was divided into several contracts: E, E1 and E2. Contract E1 involved the construction of earthworks that support the western abutment of the new bridge and carry the new ramps to I-91 and Route 34. L.G. DeFelice Construction was originally awarded the $14 million contract, but the company went out of business midway through the project. The contract was picked up and completed on schedule by Hallberg Construction in 2006.

Eyewitnesses said that the bridge appeared to break in the centre as the front wheels of the locomotive reached the further abutment. The train did not completely derail and fly off the track during the collapse. The locomotive at the front, including the two engines, the two additional passenger carriages, a postal carriage, an express carriage and two further passenger carriages, fell into the river. The first two-passenger carriages sank into the river as the following carriages pushed them forwards.

The dam and its power plant was built to help France become less dependent on costly energy resource imports after World War I. The fifth Francis turbine-generator, rated at 122 MW, at the Saint Pierre power station, on the left bank of the river, was commissioned in 1988. The dam, designed by André Coyne, incorporated several innovative features to include a ski-jump spillway, the right abutment anchored with a prestressed cable and monitored with audible signals and a new cofferdam design.

There are also cases of bridges over full circles. The pillars in the water include a wedge-shaped structures called abutments to redirect the flow of water, which create a pier on which the bridge itself sits. Model of the construction of a Roman abutment This successful model construction model lasted until late Middle Ages, and today it is difficult to know in some cases if some bridges are actually Roman or if they were built later to the original design.

Green's Bridge Green's Bridge complex also includes a late medieval bridge, a medieval mill stream, and a watermill. Between the current bridge and the late medieval bridge, a watermill is depicted on Rocques' 1758 map, and the Civil Survey also describes a watermill "standing upon Grene's Bridge". As part of the Kilkenny Flood Relief Scheme, an archaeological examination of the late medieval bridge was undertaken. This revealed two piers, two sections of collapsed masonry, and a bridge abutment from the 16th century bridge.

The church of St Mary at Portchester survives, inside the Roman wall of Porchester Castle, returned to parochial use. It is substantially a Norman building, and hence the one the priory originally used. No trace of the conventual buildings survive above ground except for some drain openings and the marks of the abutment of the cloister against the south wall of the nave. The house that used materials from the priory was burnt down in 1750 and salvaged for scrap masonry.

Looking up the chimney, 2009 The Ross River Meatworks Chimney stands on the south bank of the Ross River approximately downstream from the south abutment of the Ross River Bridge in the suburb of Idalia in south Townsville. In 2009, the chimney stands in the north of a large, vacant residential subdivision, part of the Fairfield Waters development in south Townsville. The chimney is a brick structure with an outer skin of red facebrick. It comprises a base and a tapering stack.

Calumet Bluff is a hill about 180 feet high overlooking Lewis and Clark Lake and the Missouri River in Cedar County, Nebraska, U.S., where the Lewis and Clark Expedition held its first council with the Sioux Indians for two days in 1804. Today the Bluff forms the right or south abutment of the Gavins Point Dam. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers maintains the Lewis and Clark Visitor Center and the Gavins Point Project Administration Offices on Calumet Bluff overlooking the dam.

Union Arch Bridge, spanning Cabin John Creek, in 1863. The bridge design process had begun in 1853, during the administration of President Franklin Pierce and the Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis. Captain Meigs' 1861 order also called for a tablet on the west bridge abutment, with the title, "Washington Aqueduct" and listing the political leaders that were in office both at the start of the project and at its completion (i.e., Pierce and Davis; President Abraham Lincoln and Secretary of War Simon Cameron).

The M-28–Sand River Bridge was designed by the Michigan State Highway Department in 1939 to carry what was then M-94 over the Sand River. The Alpine Excavating Company of St. Ignace, Michigan, was awarded the construction contract, and soon began work on the substructural excavation. On June 16, 1939, a surge of water from Lake Superior flooded the abutment cofferdams, and extensive repairs had to be made. However, the bridge was completed later that year, and has carried traffic since.

The Skilton Road Bridge is located in a rural-residential area of northwestern Watertown, spanning the Nonewaug River between Hinman Road and Hickory Lane. The bridge has an overall length of , with a single arch spanning . It is made of dry laid local stone, and is built on a stone ledge on one side and a stone abutment on the other. The stones which form the barrel of the arch are roughly worked, while those filling the spandrels show little evidence of work.

The abutment walls remain. In 1976 part of the abandoned Northern Heights plan was completed in reverse. The Northern City Line, which had originally run to the underground part of the station was transferred from London Underground to British Rail. An unfinished surface connection between Drayton Park and Finsbury Park begun as part of the "Northern Heights" project was completed to make it possible to bring trains to the surface at Finsbury Park and run through trains from Moorgate on to the north.

The outer pylon of the arch is continued to the base of the abutment as a low profile pilaster with a rock-faced surface. Hector Vasyli Memorial At the centre of the arch, galvanised piping projects and a section hangs parallel with the face of the structure. A marble tablet is applied to the landward side of the up-river pylon below the lowest cornice, commemorating Hector Vasyli. The tablet is in the form of an aedicule in the Corinthian style.

The USACE did not believe the dam was at immediate risk of failing but assessed increased danger to downstream communities until the problem was resolved. The USACE began to lower and restrict the elevation of the dam's reservoir. In addition, by November 2009, the USACE constructed an interim seepage barrier along with improving the drainage of the right abutment. These actions were estimated to reduce the chance of flooding from a 1 in 3 to a 1 in 25 chance during 2010.

A great deal of new drainage was provided. One major bridge, over the A907 at Helensfield, was completely renewed, with one new abutment to allow the road to be widened. Everything else was fully refurbished, and the steelwork of most of the bridges is now painted a distinctive maroon colour.Alloa station, with the freight line to Kincardine on the left The line as built is a single track, with passing loops at Cambus, to the west of Alloa, and Hilton, to the east.

During the end of 2008, Lake Banook had its canoe course upgraded by Dexter Construction Limited. Water that had been pumped out of lake ceased on 15 December 2008, allowing the lake to rise back to its regular level by February 2009. Cleanup, restoration and landscaping was completed in the spring of 2009. By May 2009, this construction included new concrete abutments at the , , , and finish points, debris and abutment cleanup, ten new lane wires, four new cross wires, and 800 new buoys.

Many old-time local residents have spoken of traversing the 1814 convict built brick barrel drains in years gone by. With the Windsor Bridge Replacement Project underway, this significant and complex network of a potentially unique colonial drainage system has had significant portions removed within the project area by the NSW RMS. These drains have been exposed, some removed. A number of drains have been protected by encasing within polystyrene under a two-storey-high concrete bridge abutment during construction.

Following the old Van Leuven Road, this path is accessed from the Mohonk Preserve's West Trapps Trailhead on U.S. Route 44/55. A guide to the path is available at the trailhead kiosk or from the Preserve's Visitor Center on U.S. Route 44/55. Along the path, visitors can discover the following: \- An abandoned millstone quarry, where Trapps stonecutters once blasted out stone slabs to carve and finish into millstones. \- An old bridge abutment, where a bridge once allowed people, horses, and wagons to cross the brook.

The station was opened on 1 April 1868 and had two platforms although four tracks went through. The two outside tracks were for freight use whilst the two inside tracks were used by both stopping and express trains. Only two were in general use as there were two slow and two fast lines. The station had a subway to access the platforms from Meadowhall Road, and evidence of this can be seen of the bricked up arch in the North Western wall of the bridge abutment.

The earthfill embankment dam wall comprising of earth and rockfill is high and long. The foundation of the dam comprises closely jointed hard siltstone and quartzite with overburden of decomposed rock and slope-wash up to deep. A subsidiary embankment containing of fill across a low saddle in a ridge forms the left abutment of the dam wall. At 100% capacity the dam wall, with an elevation of AHD, holds back or () of water, approximately equal to nine times the volume of Sydney Harbour.

Construction of new spans began in 1974. For this purpose, approaches were made of 78 thousand cubic metres of soil; these were covered by a road leading to the left-bank abutment for ensuring access of metal, concrete and other building materials to the site of work. To determine the adequacy of the existing piers, a group of experts from Leningrad drilled the piers' bodies and the rocks upon which they had rested. It was considered feasible to install new span structures on the old piers.

Abutment of the Ithaca-Auburn Short Line bridge The event that first suggested the tyranny of small decisions to Kahn was the withdrawal of passenger railway services in Ithaca, New York. The railway was the only reliable way to get in and out of Ithaca. It provided services regardless of conditions, in fair weather and foul, during peak seasons and off-peak seasons. The local airline and bus company skimmed the traffic when conditions were favourable, leaving the trains to fill in when conditions were difficult.

Boller submitted his plans for the over-water span that November; the plans entailed a smaller approach viaduct in the Bronx to cross over the swamp on that side. Work on the 155th Street Viaduct began in December 1890. At the end of 1891, the foundations for the 155th Street Viaduct's support structure, as well as the masonry abutment at the viaduct's western end, had been constructed. However, further work at the viaduct's east end was delayed until the over-water span's foundations could be laid.

The remains of the Roman dam at Glanum were discovered in 1763 by Esprit Calvet. A recent study shows that the dam originally was composed of two curved parallel masonry walls, each around thick and separated by a gap around wide which was likely filled with earth and rubble. The cut stone blocks were held together by crampons and finished with Cordon joints designed to protect against water entry. At each end of the dam there was an abutment cut into the rock of the gorge.

Beam bridges, also known as stringer bridges, are the simplest structural forms for bridge spans supported by an abutment or pier at each end. No moments are transferred throughout the support, hence their structural type is known as simply supported. The simplest beam bridge could be a log (see log bridge), a wood plank, or a stone slab (see clapper bridge) laid across a stream. Bridges designed for modern infrastructure will usually be constructed of steel or reinforced concrete, or a combination of both.

Profile The total length of the bridge from one abutment to the other was 161.8 m (530.8 ft) when it was first opened while the width of the road was 5.2 m (17.1 ft). The sidewalks were 1.7 m (5.5 ft) wide each. The access roads on either side had to be built with a slope of 4% because of the location of the connected streets. The maximum height of the individual arches varies between 2.79 m (9.15 ft) and 4.13 m (13.52 ft).

CERL tested a 250,000-pound Geosynthetics Reinforced Soil (GRS) bridge abutment model for the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee (UWM), with Federal Highway Administration funding. This is the largest model ever tested on the CERL Triaxial Earthquake and Shock Simulator (TESS). The portion of the model bearing on the TESS was 205,000 pounds, and this large mass created unique challenges and control concerns such as excessive pitch when testing longitudinally. The model was successfully tested with sine-sweep and sinusoidal motions up to levels that caused significant damage.

Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge, Boston Sunniberg Bridge, view from south abutment, near Klosters, Switzerland Ganter Bridge Rhine bridge Tamins Cresta forest bridge Mesocco bridges Christian Menn (March 3, 1927 – July 16, 2018) was a Swiss civil engineer. He led his own engineering company in Chur from 1957–1971. From 1971 until his retirement in 1992, he was a professor of structural engineering at ETH Zurich, specializing in bridge design. In his retirement years, he continued to be a consulting engineer in private practice.

The pumped-storage hydroelectricity power plant, officially named Takuan Power Plant, which sits near the left abutment of the dam and moves water between the two reservoirs to generate electricity. During periods of low demand, such as at night, when electricity is cheap, water is pumped to Sun Moon Lake. When energy demand is high, water is released down to the power station for power generation. This is accomplished by four Francis pump- turbine-generators which are reversible and serve to both pump water and generate electricity.

The east and west ends of the carrier terminate within an abutment faced in worked sandstone. The Lewisham sewage aqueduct is situated within a wide, shallow valley north of the main western railway line, which is similarly carried over the valley by embankment and viaduct. Between Piers 2 and 3 of the aqueduct is a brick and concrete rendered stormwater channel (c.1899). These three elements of late nineteenth and early twentieth century public infrastructure in close proximity evoke an interesting industrial archaeological scene.

The western entrance of the station Blankenfelde in Attilastraße station The station is built in the style of early modernism and consists of an island platform located on an embankment with an entrance at the south end of the platform. The ticket hall is built on the abutment of the bridge over Attilastraße (street). In the station area, a track that is used for freight runs to the east of the S-Bahn tracks. It connects with the S-Bahn track the south of the platform.

Appropriate case selection is important when considering the provision of fixed bridgework. Patient expectations should be discussed and a thorough patient history should be obtained. Replacement of missing teeth with fixed bridgework may not always be indicated and both patient factors alongside restorative factors should be considered before deciding if providing fixed bridgework is appropriate. The survival rate of bridgework can be affected by the span of bridge needed, the proposed position of the bridge, and the size, shape, number and condition of planned abutment teeth.

The wax up can also be used to construct a putty matrix which can be used subsequently to make a temporary restoration. #Restoration replacement: Restorations in abutment teeth with questionable prognosis or old composite resin restorations for adhesive bridgework should be replaced. #Tooth preparation: This should be completed with reference to radiographs and study casts obtained during treatment planning. For conventional bridges, tooth preparation should aim to conserve tooth tissue, ensure a parallel path of insertion, achieve clearance in the occlusion and ensure well defined preparation margins.

The Itá Dam is a long and high concrete face rock-fill embankment dam with a crest elevation of above sea level. The dam's reservoir has a capacity of , surface area of and catchment area of . The dam supports two spillways, one of its right abutment with six floodgates and another on the ridge to the dam's west, just south of the power plant which has 4 floodgates. Each gate measures wide and tall and in total, both spillways have a maximum capacity of .

33 In 1843, the Potomac Aqueduct Bridge was built near the present-day Francis Scott Key Bridge to connect the canal to the Alexandria Canal, which led to Alexandria, Virginia.Coordinates of abutment and canal bed of Potomac Aqueduct Bridge: In April 1843, floods damaged much of the finished portion of the canal between Georgetown and Harpers Ferry, including the Shenandoah river lock. One flood suspended navigation for 103 days. The company raised the embankments around Little Falls, and made a "tumbling waste" near the 4-mile marker.

This had formed the base of the swinging section and housed the steam engine to power it. A large stone arch also remains on the landward side of the canal, the original abutment to the swinging section. Some piers are reduced to the stone foundations and only visible at low tide, as are the wrecks of the petrol barges that caused the original damage. The river at this point has always been hazardous to shipping because of the strong tidal currents, which caused the 1960 collision.

Varney's Falls Dam is a historic lock and dam structure located on the James River near Gilmore Mills, Botetourt County, Virginia. It was built in 1851, and is a massive limestone structure. The lock chamber measures 100 feet long between gate recesses, 15 feet wide, and approximately 21 feet from the top on the upriver end to ground level. Associated with the lock are the lock and dam abutment structures, the remaining towpaths, canal bed, berm bank, towpath culvert and remnants of a towpath bridge.

Chesters Bridge from the West bank of the Tyne There were at least two bridges on this spot. The first, less massive than its successor, was probably contemporary with the construction of the Wall in AD 122-4. It crossed the river on a series of at least eight hexagonal stone piers about apart: the first of these (from the east) can be seen where it has been incorporated into the stonework of the later abutment. The overall length of the bridge between abutments was .

Meigs, who had been promoted to the rank of Captain, issued an order in March 1861 for a tablet on the east bridge abutment. The text was to consist of a title, "Union Bridge," and the names of the principal designers, namely Meigs and Assistant Engineer Alfred L. Rives. By the time the war began, however, Rives had joined the Confederate Army. The final tablet design was modified with the title "Union Arch" and "Alfred L. Rives" was replaced with "Esto Perpetua" ("Let it last forever.").

Highway 25 Bridge is a concrete girder bridge that spans the Mississippi River between Monticello, Minnesota and Big Lake, Minnesota. It was built in 1988 by the Minnesota Department of Transportation and was designed by VanDoren Hazard Stallings. The previous bridge in this location, built in 1930, was a humpback truss bridge with a decorative wrought iron railing. One unique feature about the 1930 bridge was that it had restrooms built into the bridge, underneath the sidewalk in the southwest corner next to the bridge abutment.

The rear of the lead power car struck a concrete parapet (KP 404.209) on the leading abutment to the bridge over the Marne–Rhine Canal. The impact broke apart the lead power car and caused oil to leak from the lead power car's transformer, which ignited and was spread across the bridge and canal banks. The rear bogie of the lead power car remained where it impacted the concrete parapet. The transformer of the lead power car landed on the east bank of the canal.

Like the Vasse floodgates, the Wonnerup floodgates were built by the Public Works Department in 1907. The site chosen was near the Forest Beach Road bridge and like the Vasse floodgates, they were refurbished in 1927, 1942, 1991 and replaced in 2004. The new site was upstream from the original gates. Once the new gates were operational, the old gates were removed and destroyed, though the abutments were left in place, with the south abutment having a high degree of authenticity from the original structure.

Underside of the bridge, with riprap (large rocks) protecting the west abutment In the 19th century the Sonestown Covered Bridge survived major floods on March 1, 1865 and June 1, 1889, that destroyed other bridges in the West Branch Susquehanna Valley. The latter flood was caused by the same storm system that caused the Johnstown Flood, which killed over 2,200 people. Note: ISBN refers to the Heritage Books July 1996 reprint. URL is to a scan of the 1892 version with some OCR typos.

Caroline of Brunswick waving to crowds in South Audley Street, drawn by Robert Cruikshank The street is named after Hugh Audley, whose heirs acquired the land following Sir Thomas Grosvenor's marriage to Mary Davies in 1677. Construction of properties along the street began in 1720, initially with small houses at the north end and larger family residences to the south. This reflected a social convention that was common at this time. Audley Square was a short abutment at the south end of the street.

At this time, the fishing platform underneath the 1958 (upstream) bridge was also extended and modified. 1976 saw the installation of a reinforced concrete overlay onto the 1939 (downstream) bridge's deck, and the same was performed on the 1958 (upstream) bridge in 1984. The original karri timber halfcaps in the 1939 bridge's structure were replaced by steel in 1994-1995 due to termite damage. Other substructure repairs were also carried out at this time, and the Eastern abutment of the 1958 bridge was reinforced with concrete.

The seal of the gasholder is designed to operate in the conditions specified by the client and to suit the stored medium. The seal rolls from the shell to the abutment surface of the piston and vice versa providing the piston with a frictionless self-centering facility. During depressurisation the seal (Usually rubber) also provides a gas tight facility that protects the holder from vacuum damage by blocking the gas outlet nozzle. During commissioning of the gasholder the sealing membrane is set into an operating condition.

The Covered Bridge in 1937 The bridge was built in 1876, the result of a petition by area farmers. It was constructed to serve as a permanent replacement for previous bridges that had washed out on various occasions. In 1927, an abutment was added under the center of the bridge to support heavier vehicle traffic, such as cars and trucks, which were not present at the time of the original construction. The Ozaukee County Board took over the bridge's preservation and maintenance in 1940.

All that remains of the Walnut Tree viaduct are an abutment, an angled pillar and the Taff Bank pier. The latter structure was used in 1977 for the display of messages of goodwill for the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth. Most of the remaining trackbed north of Walnut Tree Taffs Well is now incorporated into the Taff Trail. The remaining Cadoxton to Jct-Trehafod Jct (latterly Trefforest Jct) route, former Barry Railway's main line, also closed as a result of the Tynycaeau incident in 1963.

The entire construction is waterproofed on both sides by a 7-metre thick, 10-metre high abutment of concrete which contains escalators linking the two levels. The station's eccentrically audacious scale and damp setting earned it references as "the world's largest submarine". With the other two deep single-vaulted stations on RER A it was retrospectively criticised on cost grounds. However, Auber is often mentioned as a good example of a planning policy attached to grand public spaces that was particularly current in the 1960s and in France.

SCJV expanded the bridge in 1995, placing additional continuous span girders on each side of the original structure with expanded piers, then removing of the guardrails and concrete sidewalk and bridge deck from the original structure, replacing it with an integrated deck. This work took place without any significant delays or closures. For taxation purposes, the Hillsborough River Bridge structure owned by SCJV is jurisdictionally within the town of Stratford; the municipal boundary between Stratford and Charlottetown is thus located at the western abutment of the bridge on the approach causeway.

The cable-stayed bridge is 315m long in total and spans the River Glomma as part of the new E18 link 80 km southeast of Oslo. It has a river clearance of 25m to the soffit of the deck and carries four lanes of traffic. The cable-stayed section consists of two spans with a single tower; the main span is 185m long and the back span has a length of 142.5m. A solid counterbalance abutment on the back span end was built to compensate the corresponding scope of works performed imbalance in dead load.

A 45m-long approach span connects the cable-stayed part to the west abutment. The cable-stayed deck is supported by a single pylon via a central plane of 14 cables on each side of the tower. At deck level, the cables are anchored at 7m centers into a central beam that transfers the horizontal component of the stay’s force into the concrete deck through shear studs. The deck is 25m wide and is designed to carry two traffic lanes in each direction, separated by a 4.4mwide central reservation.

The attraction is located on Tooley Street, in vaults below the southern abutment of London Bridge, immediately outside London Bridge Station and originally a rival attraction, the London Dungeon, which has since moved closer to the London Eye. It is also opposite The Shard. The attraction opened on February 22, 2008 and cost in the region of £2,000,000 to develop. On October 31, 2007, before it opened, the BBC reported that a collection of skeletons unearthed in the crypt had scared builders so much that they refused to work alone.

A fracture or decementation of a post or loosening of the abutment screw of an implant could be the result of dissolved cement, secondary caries, use of a weak post, or excessive occlusal forces. Oral home care needs to remain at a high standard, brushing twice a day for the duration of two minutes with the use of fluoridated tooth paste. Interdental cleaning once a day using either floss, interdental brushes, wood sticks. Regular dental appointments every 6 months to maintain gingival health, professional cleans, radiographs to examine the bone loss and the implant status.

Nimy railway bridge; the memorial plaque can be seen on the face of the abutment Dease was born on 28 September 1889 in Gaulstown, Coole, County Westmeath, Ireland to Edmund Fitzlaurence Dease and Katherine Dease (nee Murray). He was educated at Stonyhurst College and the Army Department of Wimbledon College before attending the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He was 24 years old, and a lieutenant in the 4th Battalion, The Royal Fusiliers, and was awarded the VC for his actions on 23 August 1914, at Mons, Belgium.Profile, oldwimbledonians.com; accessed 30 September 2014.

The sculptures eventually installed, commissioned in 1858, were designed by Sir Edwin Landseer in collaboration with Baron Marochetti. Their design may have been influenced by Marschalko János's lions at each abutment to the Széchenyi Lánchíd (Chain Bridge) in Budapest, installed 6 years before the Trafalgar Square lions were commissioned. Landseer was paid £6,000 for his services, and Marochetti £11,000. In 2011, consultants for the Greater London Authority reported that tourists climbing onto the backs of the lions have caused considerable damage and recommended banning tourists from climbing them.

For people with unilateral hearing loss, the BAHA uses the skull to conduct the sound from the deaf side to the side with the functioning cochlea. Individuals under the age of two (five in the USA) typically wear the BAHA device on a Softband. This can be worn from the age of one month as babies tend to tolerate this arrangement very well. When the child's skull bone is sufficiently thick, a titanium "post" can be surgically embedded into the skull with a small abutment exposed outside the skin.

Residents complained about having to detour a significant distance, so the bridge was reopened by the county road commission with a weight limit, preventing its use by heavy vehicles. However, abutment stones continued to dislodge themselves, and the bridge was again closed to traffic. In 1995, the road commission requested funds from the state's Critical Bridge Fund for the replacement of the bridge with a two-lane concrete structure. However, residents wished to see the bridge repaired, and they successfully convinced the road commission to not seek replacement.

The Nypano built a new, steam-operated coal tipple and dock for the C&MV; in 1912, near what is now the western abutment of the Detroit-Superior Bridge. It was designed by Wellman Engineering, a prominent Cleveland firm. C&MV; traffic along the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland was so extensive, the C&MV; expanded its rail yard at Irishtown Bend to eight tracks to accommodate it. Construction on the Detroit-Superior Bridge began in 1914, The coal tipple was moved upstream in 1917 to accommodate the bridge.

When Hurricane Ivan struck in 2004, the water level rose, allowing for the use of the barges, but destroying several construction items used for the bridge in the process. The bridge, which had an estimated completion in the autumn of 2006 according to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, was opened on-time in October 26, 2006. This closed the old 1940 structure from use, coned off from Route 434 and Route 55\. Once abutment work was finished, the now Fahs-Rolson Construction Company began demolishing the old structure.

At Malden the highway intersects with Immigrant Road in a T intersection. Immigrant Road serves Bayfield and Cape Tormentine and is the original alignment of Route 16 from Malden to Cape Tormentine before the Confederation Bridge opened on May 31, 1997. From Malden to the eastern terminus at the abutment of the Confederation Bridge in Cape Jourimain, Route 16 is a controlled access 2-lane highway running on a alignment that opened in 1997. It intersects Route 955 in a grade-separated diamond interchange approximately west of Bayfield.

Retreat mining is often the final stage of room and pillar mining. Once a deposit has been exhausted using this method, the pillars that were left behind initially are removed, or "pulled", retreating back towards the mine's entrance. After the pillars are removed, the roof (or back) is allowed to collapse behind the mining area. Pillar removal must occur in a very precise order to reduce the risks to workers, owing to the high stresses placed on the remaining pillars by the abutment stresses of the caving ground.

The remaining abutment of the South Fork Dam with the US-219 highway bridge downstream in the background. High above the city, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania built the South Fork Dam between 1838 and 1853, as part of a cross-state canal system, the Main Line of Public Works. Johnstown was the eastern terminus of the Western Division Canal, supplied with water by Lake Conemaugh, the reservoir behind the dam. As railroads superseded canal barge transport, the Commonwealth abandoned the canal and sold it to the Pennsylvania Railroad.

The ruins of this hut and the stone cairn mentioned by Pröhle, were used in 1890 for building the above-mentioned trigonometric tower. The circular site first appeared during the construction of this tower as an abutment for the diagonal posts that supported the tower on all sides. And on one of the stones of the Hexentreppe, an English button from the period around 1800 was found, which finally proved the staircase to be another work by Daubert. Even the large rampart is probably an enclosure laid out by the same forester.

Each cutting contained a barge which supported the ends and middle of each large truss as they were being built. They were then floated from this position to specific piers and raised into their permanent position. The end of the dock in RailCorp ownership (the easternmost dock) has been extended in concrete and also has a set of steps providing access from the adjacent construction terrace next to the southern abutment of the bridge. This construction terrace has two footings made from concrete and steel plate, also associated with the construction phase.

During the reconstruction water slopes were enlarged and granite benches were set along left bank abutment. Raised Span of Trinity Bridge It is believed that the Soviet pilot Valery Chkalov flew his plane under the Trinity Bridge in the 1930s – while there is no documentary proof of this event, his wife has confirmed it. In 1940, Evgeny Borisenko repeated this feat several times during the filming of Valery Chkalov. Chkalov's feat is referenced by Boris Grebenshchikov in his song "Under the Bridge, like Chkalov" ("Под мостом как Чкалов").

Located in rock in the left abutment near the axis of Oroville Dam, the Edward Hyatt Powerplant is an underground, hydroelectric, pumping–generating facility. Construction of the plant began in 1964 and was completed in 1967. Hyatt Powerplant maximizes power production through a pumped-storage operation where water, released for power in excess of local and downstream requirements, is returned to storage in Lake Oroville during off-peak periods and is used for generation during peak power demands. Water from the lake is conveyed to the units through penstocks and branch lines.

One of the original locks (#17) is located in the Carillon Historical Park in Dayton. An unrestored but complete lock (#15) is located just off Main Street (State Route 571) in Tipp City. Remains of the Excello lock are located in the Butler County Excello Locks Park near the intersection of State Route 73 and South Hamilton Middletown Road in Lemon Township. The massive west abutment of the Old Nine-mile Aqueduct over the Great Miami River is still present approximately upstream of the Taylorsville Dam east of Vandalia (Montgomery County).

The abutment terminates a fairly intact canal segment that extends at least north to Tipp City. This segment includes an intact concrete weir near the abandoned Vandalia water treatment plant (aka "Tadmore Station") and a ruined lock (#16, "Picayune") about halfway to Tipp City along Canal Road. On the canal's southern end, a drained section is located in St. Bernard, Ohio's Ludlow Park, where the canal bed is still visible. The canal remains in water (and navigable for canoes or kayaks) in the rural region between Delphos and St. Marys, Ohio.

The Oron Railway was able to acquire the concession for the Geneva–Versoix line from the Lyon-Geneva Railway (Chemin de fer Lyon-Genève) on 16 April 1858. It took over the Geneva–Versoix Railway (Chemin de fer Genève–Versoix, GV) on 1 July 1858—just six days after its opening. It was able to open the section from Thörishaus on the Bern–Fribourg canton border to Balliswil near Düdingen on 2 July 1860. A makeshift station was built near the northern abutment of the Grandfey Viaduct in the hamlet of Balliswil near Fribourg.

S. Route 340), a railroad track, and some scattered dwellings and related structures that do not adversely affect the ability to understand the course of the engagements that occurred there during the war. The Page Valley narrows at Overall, which together with the turnpike made the site strategically important during the war. The site includes such battle-related contributing features as entrenchments and rifle pits. The battlefield district includes three contributing sites (the Overall House ruin, a historic cemetery, and a historic turnpike bridge abutment) and thirteen contributing structures (U.

Fractured implant and abutment screw in tooth socket Although evidence gathered by case-by-case studies have proposed that alloplasty is a viable alternative to other forms of transplants, there can be complications. Alloplastic implants that are not thoroughly sanitised can be contaminated. Contaminated implants attached to a surface in the body creates an enclosed slimy matrix called biofilm, which protects bacterial organisms from the body's defence mechanisms and antibiotics. The bacteria can infect the bloodstream and cause body tissues to become dysfunctional and suppress the body's immune system.

Teeth with active disease such as caries or periodontal disease should not be used as abutments until the disease has been stabilised. Once stable periodontally compromised teeth may be used as abutments, depending on the crown to root ratio described below. Ante's law, states that the roots of abutment teeth must have a combined periodontal surface area in three dimensions that is more than that of the missing root structures of the teeth replaced with a bridge, is used in bridgework design. This law remains controversial in terms of supporting clinical evidence.

Fracture of the metal coating or pontic can also lead to mechanical failures. Fracture in connectors of bridges at the gingival side is a common finding in most all-ceram bridges. # Biological failures: These can occur due to caries in the tooth (one of the commonest causes of crown and bridge failures) or due to pulpal injury. Problems with abutment teeth such as tooth fracture, secondary caries or periodontal disease can cause discomfort and put pressure on surrounding soft tissues to also cause a biological failure of the bridge.

The Harvey Centre lacks architectural distinction, but is notable as an early British example of a large purpose-built indoor shopping mall. His similarly pioneering Sports Centre has been demolished, as has the original town hall. The Water Gardens, although listed by English Heritage, have been spoilt by the abutment of a car park and shopping centre. The garden of his personal home at Marsh Lane (Gibberd Garden), on the outskirts of Harlow, a mixture of formal and informal design, contains architectural elements salvaged from his reconstruction of Coutts Bank in London.

The topmost layer of soft clay was removed from the alluvium in order to found the dam on the stable sandy deposits beneath, at an elevation of approximately . The remaining deposits consisted of the alluvial materials mentioned above. These deposits had many interconnecting layers of coarse sands and gravels, necessitating the installation of a steel sheet pile wall down to the firm shale, from the left to the right abutment. An aerial view of the main Fort Peck Dam structure looking westward with Milk Coulee Bay in the foreground.

Captain Whitaker acted as Byng's aide-de-camp, carrying his instructions from ship to ship, including the final order to cease firing six hours after they had begun. As the smoke lifted Captain Jumper at the southern end of the line could discern the New Mole and the fort that commanded its abutment on the land. The defenders of the fort appeared to have fled, and Whitaker and Jumper agreed that a landing could be effected there unopposed. Rooke granted the request to attack, and a flotilla of row-boats raced for the New Mole.

The second express car and the two baggage cars landed largely upright, slightly south of the bridge. The second baggage car was slightly askew, its nose resting against the western abutment and its rear pointing southeast. Most of the bridge's upper chord (the bottom of the bridge) crashed to the ground north of the bridge. The lower chord (at the top of the bridge) and what remained of the deck held for a moment, then fell directly down to land atop the locomotive, express cars, and baggage cars.

Early on, progress was hindered by strong tidal currents which caused multiple failed attempts to sink the bridge's piers from barges. Between March and June 1866, staging was built from the northern abutment for the bridge, and the piers were dropped into the water and filled with concrete. A steam-hauled train traversing Barmouth Bridge, circa 1921 Wooden trestles were built on screw piles - wide with screw discs in diameter in groups of three piles per pier. Timber trellis girders, long and deep, supported the deck, with driven piles as fenders.

By noting the corresponding compass vector, walking along the contour one can line up a hand held compass aligning the expected direction, and eye-balling the line of contour's estimated level, move up or down along the bearing faster-- to closely locate a desired point (planned point) along the hillside. Pragmatically, this can be 'good enough' for rough project landscaping, such as timber clear cutting the work site of a structure like a bridge abutment or connecting ramps. The approximation can then be refined by transit and other surveyor tools to construct on target.

Ada Bridge, opened for traffic on 1 January 2012 A new cable-stayed bridge is being built across the Sava, over the eastern tip of the Ada Ciganlija. The bridge is set to be a future landmark due to its height and grandeur. The central abutment is to be 200 meters tall, carrying hundreds of cables suspending the bridge. It will provide a direct land link to the island via the elevators as well as a planned light rail station that will stop mid- bridge to service passengers to and from the island.

It was decided, after the Adams Covered Bridge was destroyed by flood waters in 1969, that the Jessup Covered bridge could replace it. Elmer Buchta of Buchta Trucking was contracted for the 12-mile move to the Adams Bridge. After several days of removing the south abutment, the bridge was jacked onto two sets of multi-wheeled dollies. On Tuesday, February 3, 1970, the Jessup Covered Bridge started its road trip to what would be its home for the next 20 years, until it would meet the same fate as its predecessor.

The drawbridge on the original span opened approximately 260 times a year, causing frequent disruption to traffic on the bridge, which carried approximately 250,000 cars each day. The new, higher span requires fewer openings. The bridge's west abutment is in Virginia, a small portion is in Washington, D.C., and the remaining majority of it is within Maryland (because that section of the Potomac River is within Maryland's borders). About of the western mid-span portion of the bridge crosses the tip of the southernmost corner of the District of Columbia.

On part of the reclaimed land there is a dock and a complex of buildings on the western side of Garden Island and on the eastern edge of Woolloomooloo Bay. The crane occupies a length of on the fitting out wharf about two thirds along the Captain Cook Dock, beyond the boundary of Garden Island itself. Although the crane is incorporated into the wharf, it is disconnected from it by expansion joints on either side of its abutment with the wharf. The Hammerhead Crane has dominated the skyline since it was built.

Problems with the embankment became apparent in May 1964, when part of the backfill slid into the stilling basin downstream, attributed to too-fast lowering of the reservoir level. When the reservoir had filled to 10% of capacity, seepage became apparent at the dam's base, with further seepage observed about below the dam from shale outcroppings. In July 1965 another slide occurred in the area of the stilling basin. A significant leak appeared on September 3, 1965 at the west abutment, starting as a wet spot that grew with time.

In addition to the deepening of the lake, construction crews created additional features. A new island was created from the Broad Street Bridge abutment. The island includes a bridge for pedestrian access, as well as a pedestrian path and a waterfall and provides a great location for spectator viewing of canoe/kayak and rowing races hosted on Wascana Lake. In 2014, Wascana Racing Canoe Club, the Regina Rowing Club and Wascana Centre Authority, with significant financial support from Tourism Regina, completed the construction of a Finish Line Tower on Pine Island.

The rationale for this is to reduce the mobility between implant and skin to avoid inflammation at the penetration site. This reduction of the soft tissue has been questioned and some surgeons do not perform any or a minimum of it. The rationale for this is that any surgery will result in some scar tissue that could be the focus of infection. The infections seen early during the development of the surgical procedure could perhaps be explained by the lack of seal between implant and abutment allowing bacteria to enter the space.

Key Bridge under construction, c. 1920 On June 1, 1916, the Army Corps of Engineers named the new bridge "Francis Scott Key Bridge," in honor of the man who had written the lyrics to the Star Spangled Banner whose home was just a few blocks from the bridge's abutment. Plans began to be drawn up at that time. The Classical Revival bridge was designed by Nathan C. Wyeth, an architect in private practice in the city, and Major Max C. Tyler, an engineer with the Army Corps of Engineers.

Deck Sitting on the cross beams, the current deck consists of longitudinal timber stringers supporting transverse decking of timbers topped by longitudinal timber sheeting, with a bituminous seal. The stringers are of varying depth to provide a camber to the deck. As part of that work and to compensate for the loss of lateral and torsional stiffness of the new deck, a steel undertruss was installed. This connected to the abutment at each end and, by so doing, changed the manner in which the bridge was designed to articulate.

The bridge had its first major rehabilitation in April 2010 after it was discovered in their routine inspection that the foundation of the bridge had been sinking deeper into the Agusan River due to the softening of the soils and rocks where the abutment was built. They feared that the bridge might sink deeper and eventually collapse if no rehabilitation works are immediately done. The rehabilitation work lasted 10 months, thereby forcing the City Council to order temporary closure of the bridge to traffic and rerouting of traffic to the old Magsaysay Bridge.

William Larry Stewart II, a.k.a Billy Stewart (March 24, 1937 – January 17, 1970), an American rhythm and blues singer and pianist, died in a broad-daylight car accident in January 1970, just two months prior to his 33rd birthday. The accident happened when the Ford Thunderbird that Stewart was driving approached a bridge across the Neuse River near Smithfield, North Carolina. His car left the highway, ran along the median strip at a slight angle to the highway, struck the bridge abutment, and then plunged into the river, killing Stewart and his three passengers instantly.

The arch features an architrave painted in a contrasting green and crowned with a keystone. Above the spandrels, the bridge's solid concrete balustrade features a rendered stringcourse at pavement level and a simple concrete capping. The balustrades are terminated at each end by a pair of Brisbane Tuff piers, except at the eastern end of the southern balustrade which ends in a single stone pier. The balustrade and abutment walls of the bridge are frequent targets for graffiti attacks and bear evidence of many attempts to paint over them.

Another branch further to the north crossed over Ranelagh Road to a headshunt and then served a warehouse. This was built circa 1920 and was at one time going to be a new route into Ipswich docks avoiding the level crossing on the other branch. The warehouse served a number of companies including Boots, J Lyons & Co, McFarLanes Biscuits, and Swift and Co. The site was also used to dump redundant permanent way materials and in the 1970s travelling circuses used the site. The bridge was demolished in 1967 and an abutment remains (in 2013).

The former Newington Railroad Depot is located near the tip of Bloody Point, a peninsular projection that separates New Hampshire's Great Bay from the Piscataqua River. It is located on the west side of a former railroad alignment, and its parcel includes foundational remains of a period bridge abutment. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. The east side faced the tracks, and has one entrance that historically led to the waiting room; there are two entrances on the west side.

One was approximately fifty-eight feet west of the outlet gates and another about the same distance to the east. Mulholland, along with his Assistant Chief Engineer and General Manager Harvey Van Norman, inspected the cracks and leaks and judged them to be within expectation for a concrete dam the size of the St. Francis. At the beginning of April, the water level reached the area of the inactive San Francisquito Fault line in the western abutment. Some seepage began almost immediately as the water covered this area.

The main dam, from west of the center section to the wing wall abutment atop the hillside, broke into several large pieces, and numerous smaller pieces. All of these were washed downstream as 12.4 billion gallons (47 million m³) of water began surging down San Francisquito Canyon. The largest piece, weighing approximately 10,000 tons (9,000 metric tons) was found about three-quarters of a mile (1.2 km) below the dam site. In a somewhat similar phenomenon, the dam portion east of the center section had also broken into several larger and smaller pieces.

Dr. Willis, the geologist of the investigative team, was most likely the first to discover the "old landslide" within the mountains which had made the eastern abutment for the dam. In his report, he discussed it at great length and the Grunskys drew substantially on it, as they did his analysis of the schist, for their own report. The Grunskys, as civil engineers, took the lead in that area of the investigation, and in describing the role played by "hydrostatic uplift". Uplift takes its name from its tendency to lift a dam upward.

The corrugated iron station building and single platform at Castlecomer Station are now long gone, the site now occupied by the 'Railway Garage'. The trackbed of the coal mine extension from the station to the coal mines outside Castlecomer town is now a footpath. Many of the concrete piers which carried the railway across the Dinin River are still in situ just south of Dysart crossing, visible from the adjacent N78 road. You can also still see the left-side concrete bridge abutment at Cloghogue Bridge, Chatsworth Street.

Thus on that side, there was nowhere for an abutment capable of either resisting the outward push of an arch bridge, or the inward pull of a conventional suspension bridge. In any case, neither could be used: an arch bridge would not have met the height and width restrictions imposed by the Admiralty, and suspension bridges were notoriously unfit for carrying railway trains. The concentrated weight caused the chains to deflect, allowing the bridge-deck to ride dangerously up and down. A self-supporting truss bridge was the only option.

In the U.S., markers are often found at the summits of mountains, along ridge lines, or on bare rock ledges with commanding views, because such sites provided good vantage points for triangulation lines to distant points. U.S. elevation bench marks were often placed along rail lines or roads that provided good sight lines for leveling. All active and some abandoned railroad rights of way are private property, actively patrolled by railroad police. A common location is the top level of the abutment a highway bridge or its wingwalls.

The idea of building a bridge across the Avon Gorge originated in 1753. Original plans were for a stone bridge and later iterations were for a wrought iron structure. In 1831, an attempt to build Brunel's design was halted by the Bristol riots, and the revised version of his designs was built after his death and completed in 1864. Although similar in size, the bridge towers are not identical in design, the Clifton tower having side cut-outs, the Leigh tower more pointed arches atop a red sandstone-clad abutment.

The 1924 completed part of the arch bridge consists of 45 arches with a span of just over 23 m and a final arc on the west bank (Lemoyne side) with 21.5 m (each measured from the center of the arrow). This is followed by the abutment a 21 m long girder bridge with solid wall girders. The total length of the original bridge is about 1090 m. Later, the bridge was extended by five arches of similar span on the east bank (Harrisburg side) and thus extended by about 100 m.

The zoned earth fill dam is 39 feet in height and 530 feet long. The auxiliary spillway at Meadow Grounds Dam is a trapezoidal-shaped concrete chute cut into rock though a natural saddle about 200 feet to the right of the dams right abutment. The spillway is provided with a 67 foot long trapezoidal- shaped weir that discharges into a concrete lined stilling basin and then into a riprap lined earth channel. Meadow Grounds Lake is currently being drained indefinitely until funding to repair the dam are available.

The two lines were doubled in 1890 and 1909 and they and were both electrified between 1980 and 1989. A decentralised rail traction current converter plant built on the railway bridge on the line towards Frankena supplied electricity to sections of both lines. It was closed after 27 years of operation in July 2008 and replaced by a modern substation. In the 1980s, it was planned to upgrade the station as a node with multiple tracks on each line; this is shown by a widened abutment to the bridge at the railway junction.

Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications,. p. 99. . Shortly after ejection the slide's rearward travel is arrested by the compressed recoil spring and the abutment of mated surfaces of the slide and frame. The recoil spring is now free to return its stored energy to the cycle of the weapon by beginning to return the slide forward. As the return spring returns the slide forward, the breech face strips a round from the magazine into the chamber and the locking system engages the barrel and locks it with the slide in the battery position.

Backwater on the Vechte near Schüttorf Climate diagram for Schüttorf The Vechte Lowland is part of the Nordhorn glacial terminal basin, which was filled during the Saalian Stage by a glacier. This same glacier also pushed up the terminal moraine that is now the Uelsen Hills and the Lingen Heights in today's Grafschaft Bentheim and Emsland. In the south, the glacier found its abutment at the Mesozoic Bentheim Cretaceous Sandstone Mountain Chain. During the last ice age, the terminal basin was filled with fluvial sand, and locally, sand dunes were blown up by the wind.

Leaving the station, the driving cab struck a bridge abutment; the driver was killed and 16 passengers received minor injuries. In 2005, Merseytravel and Network Rail invited tenders for the reconstruction of the station, including a new station building, footbridge and lifts. The new station building and facilities were assembled just a few yards from the 1960s station building and is the third build on the same site. The project came in at a total estimated cost of £6 million, with the European Union contributing £1.7 million towards the total funding.

This plant was located in a valley on the left abutment of Lower Stone Canyon Dam near the existing reservoir outlet. All visible elements were Architectural aesthetics ensured adoption of existing trees with its precincts and acoustics of operation ensuring an ambient noise level of not more than 30 decibels. The project titled “The Stone Canyon Water Quality Improvement Project” was undertaken by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power with allocation of $75 million. The project construction was started in 2004 and completed by the end of 2007.

The new Battersea Bridge The contract to build the new bridge was awarded to John Mowlem & Co, and in June 1887 the Duke of Clarence laid a ceremonial foundation stone in the southern abutment and construction work began. Bazalgette's design incorporated five arches with cast iron griders, on granite piers which in turn rest on concrete foundations. The roadway itself is wide, and wide footpaths are cantilevered on either side of the bridge, giving the bridge a total width of . The balustrade is a distinctive Moorish- style lattice.

In June 2017, DPWH Secretary Mark Villar announced the expansion of the Estrella–Pantaleon Bridge. The new bridge, to be built using Chinese funds, would have 4 lanes and will be a 560-meter Twin Spine steel box girder bridge with concrete deck slabs. It will utilize the existing approaches while modifying the abutment and piers to accommodate the new bridge superstructure. The bridge was briefly closed in September 2018 preparation of expansion works but was shortly reopened due to the anticipated heavy traffic situation due to the holiday season.

The river banks were at two different levels, presenting a design challenge which was competently met by Brady. The gentle slope of the decking from the higher north bank down to the southern abutment was imperceptible to the eye. The cylindrical iron pillars which supported the span across the river were slightly tapered above normal water level. The metal material was "imported from Great Britain" and mostly (wrought and cast iron - practically everything: structure in full and superstructure all "except the cast - steel bearings") "manufactured" in situ, "in Queensland".

The viaduct stands at a height of above the bed of the River Mersey, has a length of and, when originally built, a width of . It comprises 22 semi-circular arches with spans of and is flanked by pair of abutment arches of span. The arch rings are thick. The line of the viaduct was partially occupied by the engine house of Wear Mill, which was built in 1831, thus the viaduct was built directly over the building by placing piers at either side of the engine house.

The U.S. Coast Guard responded to four requests for assistance at Galveston, and nine vessels attempted to seek refuge at Port Arthur; the Coast Guard eventually permitted six to enter, and the other three apparently traveled to Galveston. Meanwhile, to the northwest, the port of Houston was closed for the duration of the storm. Trucks and boats were dispatched by civil defense officials in Jefferson County after declaring a state of emergency following numerous requests for assistance by residents of flooded homes. Two children, initially unaccounted for, were later found safe under a bridge abutment.

They were, except for the market, soon rebuilt, but a flood in October of the next year removed them again. The flood damage also made the rebuilding of the bridge desirable, and a new structure was begun in 1837. Plans for a stone bridge were dropped, but two stone piers were built and the eastern abutment was raised to lessen the gradient up Main Street hill. The bridge was completed by September, 1838, and its north side was soon occupied by one- and two-storey wooden buildings housing shops, mostly selling clothing or dry goods.

They were the first self- anchored suspension bridges built in the United States. The design’s solid plate deck-stiffening girder provided compressive support while lowering visual barriers between Pittsburgh and the historically distinct North side (formerly Allegheny City), annexed in 1907 in a contentious fight. The American Bridge Company, the builder and steel supplier for these three bridges, was headquartered nearby, as was the Foundation Company which had the pier/abutment masonry contract. Local election campaigns during the period highlighted the intent to use local suppliers and labor.

The station, isolated and lightly used, and Crugers station were replaced as part of the last stage of expanding the Hudson Line to six-car high-level platforms. Together, they recorded 332 riders in the morning peak in 1991. While they could be converted to high- level platforms, there was no space to lengthen the platforms or provide expanded parking because the station was surrounded by protected wetlands as well as a bridge abutment adjacent to the station prohibiting such expansion. The station had 102 parking spaces for commuter usage.

The Big Creek Bridge is a bowstring arch bridge that spans the Big Creek on U.S. Route 101 in Lane County, Oregon. It was designed by Conde McCullough and opened in 1931. The bridge has a total length of and contains one reinforced concrete tied arch, identical in design to Ten Mile Creek Bridge and Wilson River Bridge. The locations for all three bridges were similar in that the sandy foundations were not secure enough for the abutment piers required to relieve the lateral pressure of traditional arches.

Downstream face of Buffalo Bill Dam looking north, with the old right abutment outlet works below and to the right of the visitor center With the authorization of the Shoshone Project in 1904, Buffalo Bill Dam became one of the earliest projects of the new Bureau of Reclamation. The ambitious project involved the construction of one of the first high concrete dams in the United States. Work began immediately, with drilling for geologic investigation starting in July 1904 and continuing for ten months. Work proceeded concurrently on the construction of an access road up the narrow canyon from Cody.

The floods tore out levees along the Sacramento and Feather Rivers through the Sacramento Valley, and the city of Sacramento was spared by a close margin. Folsom Lake filled to dangerously high levels with runoff from the North, Middle and South Forks of the American River. The flood rapidly filled the pool behind the Auburn cofferdam to capacity, as the diversion tunnel could not handle all the water pouring into the reservoir. At about 6:00 A.M. on February 18, the rising water overtopped the cofferdam near the right abutment, creating a waterfall that quickly eroded into the structure.

The springer is the lowest voussoir on each side, located where the curve of the arch springs from the vertical support or abutment of the wall or pier. The keystone is often decorated or enlarged. An enlarged and sometimes slightly dropped keystone is often found in Mannerist arches of the 16th century, beginning with the works of Giulio Romano, who also began the fashion for using voussoirs above rectangular openings, rather than a lintel (Palazzo Stati Maccarani, Rome, circa 1522). The word is a stonemasonry's term borrowed in Middle English from French verbs connoting a "turn" (OED).

The reservoir overtopped the dam crest by an estimated in an event similar to, but far larger than 1895. The river breached the north abutment of the dam, then soon after the south end just left of the spillway went with it. Like in 1895, the main structure of the dam was not heavily damaged but the river eroded enough material around the structure to allow two-thirds of the reservoir to drain. The failure of the dam caused extensive damage downstream, including the destruction of over of Sweetwater Water Co. pipeline, all railway track and electric utility lines.

Christian IX's government constructed the fort between 1890-94 to serve as a part of Copenhagen's coastal fortifications, partly using material excavated from Frihavnen. It is one of three artificial islands that were created to defend the entrance to Copenhagen's harbour. (The other two are Flakfortet and Trekroner Fort.) Middelgrundsfortet was the largest sea fortress in the world, and is still the largest man-made island without abutment, with an area, including wave breakers, of approximately 70 000 m²; the buildings total approximately 15 000 m². A HAWK battery was placed on the island in the 1950s.

The first Fifth Street Viaduct, also called the Northside Viaduct, was an iron or steel structure completed in February 1891 for streetcars, which had been introduced in Richmond in 1887. It included a vehicular roadway, a walkway, and double-tracked street railway and was described as "a splendid iron structure 40 feet wide and 1200 feet long, costing about $80,000 ..." in a developer's advertisement at the time. The streetcar line allowed for the development of Chestnut Hill and other streetcar suburbs north of the deep Shockoe Valley. Masonry remnants of the north abutment of this original bridge are still visible.

The station, which still remains in part, was replaced, along with Montrose, as the last stage of expanding the Hudson Line to six-car high-level platforms and a track curvature at the station precluded such a conversion. Together, they recorded 332 riders in the morning peak in 1991. While they could be converted to high-level platforms, there was no space to lengthen the platforms or provide expanded parking because the station was surrounded by protected wetlands as well as a bridge abutment adjacent to the station prohibiting such expansion. The station had 48 parking spaces for commuter usage.

The narrow side-aisles allow access to the ambulatory, which is separated off by narrow, almost round arches, and in this way reflects a novel Renaissance influence. The galleries above the side aisles, which terminate at the choir and are accessed through three spiral staircases in the west wall, are supported by solid round columns. These columns extend up to the abutment of the main aisle's barrel vault, which forms a secondary arcade above the gallery. At the top of the eastern pillar on the southern side, indications of the original plan for rib vaulting in the central nave can be seen.

The viaduct was almost totally destroyed in a major massive 1868 flood which devastated and wiped out most of the numerous stone mills and industrial structures lining the river. A single-span Bollman Truss of cast and wrought iron by Wendel Bollman was built into the west abutment in 1869 incorporated the original roadway arch and upstream wing wall. The Bollman design was supplanted by another bridge before the railroad was realigned a little ways upstream in 1902–03 with the opening of the Ilchester Tunnel. According to local folklore, Ilchester Tunnel is haunted by Peeping Tom.

A wooden single-track bridge on the Moscow-Brest railway line was originally built in this spot in 1871, but was replaced with a single-track steel structure in 1875, which had a double-span continuous deck-truss. The structure was wide that was not really proper: during floods, the low trusses tended to be inundated, thereby becoming a dam, while the right-bank abutment was almost immediately distorted and cracked. In 1895, a new double-track bridge was built. Three spans of in length had a total waterway of , exceeding by more than half the previous structure.

The deed for the park's was recorded on January 20, 1965, and the park was opened to the public in 1970. Photograph of ASCE historic civil engineering landmark plaque on Kinzua bridge abutment in 2019. An access road to the park was built in 1974, and new facilities there included a parking lot, drinking water and toilets, and installation of a fence on the bridge deck. On July 5, 1975, there was an official ribbon cutting ceremony for the park, which "was and is unique in the park system" since "its centerpiece is a man-made structure".

On 27 April, twelve Phantoms of the 8th Tactical Fighter Wing, based at Ubon, Thailand attacked the Thanh Hóa Bridge. Eight of their number carried laser- guided bombs. The raid was carried out without a hitch, and when the dust of the explosions had cleared it became apparent that the bridge had been dislodged from its western abutment, dropping one half into the river. To complete its destruction, a second attack was scheduled for the thirteenth of May when fourteen Phantoms were engaged, with LGBs of up to aimed at the central pillar supporting the bridge.

Its western abutment is located at the foot of the North End and the bridge connects North Street with Dartmouth. Seaview Park on the Bedford Basin is the site of Africville, the former African-Canadian community that was a safe haven for African slaves coming to Canada. The community was torn down in the 1960s preceding a proposed urban redevelopment of the region which would see new highways and the construction of the A. Murray MacKay Bridge, although the lands of the community were never used in a proposed port expansion. In the ensuing controversy it was designated as parkland.

Grange Court Station was closed with the rest of the line in 1964, the tracks leading onto the Gloucester to Newport Line still remain. TransBus Trident ALX400 on service 32 to Gloucester at Five Ways, Ross-on-Wye adjacent to the bridge abutment which carried the railway through the town. The Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway (also known as the Gloucester and Dean Forest Railway), was a railway which ran for linking Hereford and Gloucester via Ross-on-Wye. It was opened on 1 June 1855 as a broad gauge line, it was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway in 1862.

Green Hill Fort was listed on the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 28 May 2008 having satisfied the following criteria. Criterion A: Processes Green Hill Fort is important in Australian military history as a strategic coastal defence installation in the period of transition from British to Australian responsibility for defence. The three 6-inch BL gun emplacements on their sunken working platforms behind protective abutment walls, and associated structures are an intact example of 19th century military fortifications developed when the Australian colonies were assuming responsibility for national defence. As such they are an important part of Australia's military history.

These wooden staircases led from the train platforms to stone abutment staircases (with railings) for passengers to descended to the valley floor. A photo from 1871 may have captured one of those walls (bottom left), at the north end, west side of the viaduct. The approach walls may have also served as foundations for the guard houses during World War II. Many coping stones were discarded during the deck replacement project; they were placed in the field behind the viaduct. Some Canton residents recovered smaller stones from the massive pile before it was hauled off to an unknown destination.

The Holybush Road was widened and raised after closure, impeding access to the southern portal of Bridgnorth tunnel. The group currently promoting such an extension has identified a viable technical solution to this and other difficulties. Bridgnorth tunnel was relined in two separate places during operation and was a source of some trouble over the years, but the most recent regularly scheduled inspection by Network Rail has found it to be in general good order. Both portals are currently blocked off and the southern end has been encroached onto by the garden of the house located adjacent to the former bridge abutment.

The first bridge to cross the Allegheny at Sixth Street was a six- span, flat-roofed, covered wooden bridge constructed in 1819. This bridge had a total length of , consisting of four spans, a span, and a span. The design and construction of this bridge have traditionally been attributed to a Mr. Lothrop; it was presumably a Burr arch truss, like the Ninth (Hand) Street Bridge, another of Lothrop's products. Physical evidence for this assumption survived until the 1890s, when an observer reported that the skewbacks from the wooden arches remained visible in the north abutment.

This railroad crosses Martins Creek on an unusual bridge with two different spans, a riveted deck girder and a riveted lattice deck truss. The bridge originally had two deck girder spans, but these were doubled up to increase their strength. The lattice deck truss spans were salvaged from Bridge No. 138 on the DL&W’s Buffalo Division and a new abutment constructed to accommodate the shorter span.Milepost 96.50, region/division/branch 626255, correspondence files, Consolidated Rail Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa., subsequently transferred to Norfolk Southern Railway Co., Atlanta, Ga. The bridge is the second at the location.

The railroad built a new, steam-operated dock and coal tipple in 1912 at what is now the western abutment of the Detroit-Superior Bridge. Traffic along the Cuyahoga River in this area was so extensive, the C&M; had a rail yard eight tracks wide along Irishtown Bend to accommodate it. In 1914, construction began on the Detroit-Superior Bridge at the north end of Irishtown Bend. The railroad dock was moved upstream in 1917 to accommodate construction of the western abutments of the bridge, and the railroad tracks routed to run beneath one of the bridge's arches.

In the southbound direction the long section between Pontrilas and Abergavenny frequently results in trains being held here awaiting a clear run into Abergavenny. The branch line junction and bridge, crossing the A465 onto the Golden Valley Railway, has been demolished in road widening - only the abutment to the bridge remains. During the 1990s rail freight operated to this set of sidings, delivering wood products to Pontrilas Sawmill. Plans were even mooted to open a short siding into it; this would have had to cross the A465 or replace the missing Golden Valley bridge so was unlikely in hindsight.

It consists of five arches and four piers with starling, bow of boat shaped projection against the rising of the stream, Roman style, projecting spurs in the piers to contrary side to the sterling, preserving the west side abutment. The top of the bridge (road) is horizontal in the eastern half presenting the other half falling to west. The arches start from different height reaching its top at the same elevation, except the more amplitude, entirely remade, it appears lower. Apparently the bridge was disabled, on an unspecified date, totally destroying the biggest arch and cut the rest, tears still clearly visible today.

The vessel was built at Collingwood Shipyards in Collingwood, Ontario. The vessel's keel was laid on 25 June 1968 and Tadoussac was launched on 29 May 1969. Her launch was marred by an accident that released the vessel 15 minutes early. Two workers died and 35 were injured. The ship was completed in October 1969. On 26 April 1984, Tadoussac ran aground in the St. Clair River in heavy ice. The vessel was freed on 28 April with the assistance of two tugboats. On 2 April 1990, the ship struck an abutment of a bridge in Port Colborne, Ontario.

Peri-implant disease is an umbrella term for inflammatory diseases of tissues including both peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis. Peri- implant mucositis is a disease where inflammation is limited to the surrounding mucosa of an implant whereby peri-implantitis an inflammatory disease affecting mucosa as well as bone. In health, peri-implant mucosa is described as “oral epithelium extending into a non-keratinised barrier epithelium with basal lamina and hemidesmosomes facing the implant or abutment surface”. Healthy peri-implant mucosa becomes peri-implant mucositis when biofilms housing bacteria colonise implants and elicit an inflammatory response.

The viaduct stretches was built due to the presence of Coogan's Bluff at its western end, some above the river. It passes over an unconnected section of 155th Street located at the bottom of the cliff. The viaduct is supported by 31 girders; the western 22 girders contain horizontal, diagonal, and vertical bracing, while the eastern 9 girders do not contain bracing. The extreme western end of the viaduct is located on a granite and limestone abutment; the roadway retains its original ornamental iron railings designed by Hecla Iron Works, with a tall chain-link fence above.

Today Dow Chemical produces synthetic rubber in Schkopau which is marketed under the name of BUNA SB. Plaste und Elaste neon sign, 1984 At the end of the 1950s the advertising slogan Plaste und Elaste aus Schkopau ("Plastic and Elastomer from Schkopau") was introduced, in order to promote the spectrum of products of the Buna Chemical Works. The slogan was used especially on posters and neon lights. The best known light advert was on a tower on the northern abutment of the Elbe bridge at Vockerode on the transit route from Berlin to Hof (nowadays part of the BAB 9 motorway).

The former structure crossed the valley on an angle, beginning at St. Clair in the east and crossing to Pleasant Boulevard; it followed an electric line already in place. The eastern abutment and several concrete footings are still in place near the rim of the ravine as reminders of the old bridge. After completion of the new structure, the old one was promptly dismantled, and the material used to forge the fence that lines Avoca Avenue along the west side of the ravine. The Yellow Creek stream at the bottom was subsequently channelized to slow erosion.

At the time of construction, only the right portion of the dam bottom was treated with grout, likely predisposing the structure to generate a concentrated seepage of water from the left abutment during the 2006 Mid-Atlantic United States Flood. The construction of the Lake Needwood Dam was complete in 1965. The dam is owned by the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. In 2007–2008, the earthen dam underwent a $3 million repair project to install a grout curtain below the Lake Needwood Dam to decrease seepage through its rock foundation and to upgrade the outlet control tower.

The former main station in Asunción has been converted into a railway museum.#21-Estación Central del Ferrocarril As of 2010, following the collapse of an abutment of a bridge on the Rio Ytay, the tourist steam train traffic has been suspended until repairs can be effected. In early 2013, freight traffic was down to one train across the border every few weeks, with shunting mainly handled by Argentine diesels.report by Frank Ludwig, 2013 In 2018, the Ferrocarriles del Paraguay S.A. stated on their website that a reopening of a passenger service between Asunción and Yparacaí is in the planning phase.

In 1965, the Dinkey Creek Bridge closed to automobile traffic because of wood rot; it has served as a pedestrian bridge since then. By 1988, the rot was becoming significant, so the untreated decking, wheelguards, railings, and longitudinal stringers were replaced with preservative-treated components of the same dimensions and material. The renovation also included the construction of a concrete wall in the creek upstream of the west abutment to resist erosion. The bridge was nominated for inclusion in National Register of Historic Places under Criterion C for its engineering significance; it was listed on September 5, 1996.

The Ypsilon Bridge seen from the Bragernes side Close-up image The Ypsilon Bridge seen from the Strømsø side The Ypsilon Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge over Drammenselva in Drammen, Norway.Drammen Bridge, Norway (Drammen City Council) The pedestrian bridge connects Kunnskapsparken, the science park of Grønland in Drammen with the city park on Bragernes. The bridge was designed by the firm of Arne Eggen Architects. The three-way bridge has been given the name "Ypsilon" due to its special form – from the air it looks like a Y, with one abutment on the Strømsø side and two at the Bragernes side.

Demolition work at the railroad overpass of Treskowallee, 2012 During the implementation of the Berlin–Frankfurt (Oder) upgraded railway (Ausbaustrecke, ABS) project, the mainline tracks in the area of Berlin-Karlshorst station and the railway overpass over Treskowallee were completely modernised. The bridge had to be rebuilt due to its age and extensive damage. The clearance width of 15.75 metres was increased to 31.50 metres. An additional pedestrian bridge was built, creating a path to the west side of the Treskowallee (with a lift and staircase) and the original direct access from Treskowallee to the eastern abutment was reopened.

Also preparations were made so that the S-Bahn could be operated over a single track from end of May. After the completion of new abutment, the first new steel superstructure with a weight of 240 tons to accommodate the two mainline tracks was then installed in June 2013. The installation of the superstructure for the two S-Bahn tracks and the new pedestrian overpass took place in early October 2013 and the operation of S-Bahn services on two-tracks was then restored. At this time the completion of the construction work was planned for April 2014.

This is accomplished with a solder index. The proximal surfaces of the sectioned units (that is, the adjacent surfaces of the metal at the cut) are roughened and the relationship is preserved with a material that will hold on to both sides, such as GC pattern resin. With the two bridge abutments individually seated on their prepared abutment teeth, the resin is applied to the location of the sectioning to reestablish a proper spatial relationship between the two pieces. This can then be sent to the lab where the two pieces will be soldered and returned for another try-in or final cementation.

They are most commonly complete dentures (as opposed to partial), used to restore edentulous dental arches. The dental prosthesis can be disconnected from the implant abutments with finger pressure by the wearer. To enable this, the abutment is shaped as a small connector (a button, ball, bar or magnet) which can be connected to analogous adapters in the underside of the dental prosthesis. Orthodontic mini-implants (TAD) Dental implants are used in orthodontic patients to replace missing teeth (as above) or as a temporary anchorage device (TAD) to facilitate orthodontic movement by providing an additional anchorage point.

In July 1783, a wall was built in order to prevent the north bank from slipping into the river. Cracks were found in the stone land arch on the south side in December 1784, and the neighbouring abutment showed signs of movement. The Gorge is very prone to landslides, and over 20 are recorded in the British Geological Survey's National Landslide Database in the area. It was suspected that the sides of the gorge were moving towards the river, forcing the feet of the arch towards each other, and consequently repairs were carried out in 1784, 1791 and 1792.

The district is an irregularly shaped area centered on the junction of Bruceville, Mohonk and Route 213, mostly following lot lines. It follows Mohonk up to the Delaware and Hudson Canal Museum, in an old church, then its boundary goes east to rear lot lines, then south to the town line at Route 213 with neighboring Rosendale. It includes most properties along the south side of Route 213, and some along Bruceville almost to where it meets the creek. East of there it includes the former canal right-of-way, its empty bed extant, all the way down to the former aqueduct abutment.

Still clearly visible at the station is the walled recess in which sat the signalbox and lamp room, as well as the bricked-up entrance archway of the old Belgrave and Birstall station. The current bufferstops fall at approximately the 100.75 milepost. Immediately south of here, the formation has been removed to allow the construction of the Leicester Western Distributor road, although a footbridge running close to the alignment of the former trackbed carries pedestrians to Thurcaston road, over which the line used to pass. The bridge here was removed in September 1979 although the southern abutment remains.

The cost of the retrofit was considerably increased by the requirement to preserve the historical look of the bridge. Prime contractor Vahani Construction of San Francisco was assisted by Faye Bernstein & Associates and Waldron Engineering. To reinforce the abutments supporting the bridge deck at either end, engineers put in place a floating slab, continuous with the deck, keyed into a massive pile cap with six 72-inch (1,800 mm) diameter cast-in-drilled-hole (CIDH) piles behind each abutment. To support the towers, engineers designed a full height structural wall that was integrated within each of the two existing towers.

Power to operate the bridge was originally drawn from the Ultimo Power House (now the Powerhouse Museum). As a young engineer, J.J.C. Bradfield helped design the sandstone abutment walls at each end of Pyrmont Bridge. In 1981 the Wran government ordered the bridge to be demolished, but later revoked this decision. The bridge was closed to vehicular traffic on 7 August 1981, the traffic having been diverted over the Western Distributor freeway structures built further south of Cockle Bay, and it was then re-opened as a pedestrian bridge as part of the re-development of Darling Harbour as a recreational pedestrian precinct.

Bicon Dental Implants is a privately owned company located in Boston, MA. The company specializes in short dental implants that use a locking taper or cold welding connection to secure the abutment to the implant. Bicon is notable and worthy of mention for the following three reasons: First, Bicon implants are extremely short in length. The size of Bicon implants allow them to be placed in regions that are crowded with natural teeth and/or implants, or in regions that would otherwise require bone grafting. Second, the implants do not have the screw-form design typical of other available implants.

The first bridge contract, which includes the demolition of buildings where the new bridge will stand, was let in October 2006. Work under this contract was completed in August 2007 with the demolition of the Yale Boathouse and the Fitch Foundry where the west abutment of the new bridge will be. A second contract was let on June 1, 2007, to relocate two 42-inch (1.06 meter) diameter sanitary sewer lines that lie directly beneath where part of the new bridge will be built. Construction of the new sewer lines involved slant drilling through bedrock under New Haven Harbor.

A suspension bridge is inherently a very flexible structure, with its vertical geometry (referred to as a funicular polygon which approximates a catenary shape which applies when the load on a cable is completely uniform) varying to balance the loads at each node. Stiffening of a minor nature is provided by the deck, but this is insufficient to prevent large vertical movements for heavy vehicles. To control this effect, this bridge is provided with stiffening trusses along each side of the deck. Each truss is pinned at the abutment and at the centre of the span.

Stewart's weight caused him several health problems, culminating in diabetes, a condition that may have contributed to him having a motorcycle accident in 1969. He died in a broad-daylight car accident in January 1970, just two months prior to his 33rd birthday. The accident happened when the Ford Thunderbird that Stewart was driving approached a bridge across the Neuse River near Smithfield, North Carolina (presumably on Interstate 95). His car left the highway, ran along the median strip at a slight angle to the highway, struck the bridge abutment, and then plunged into the river, killing Stewart and his three passengers instantly.

The hook of the crane was then passed through the head of the lewis and the stone was ready for lifting. From this solid abutment there sprang an elegant bridge with four arches supported on three substantial river piers, apart. Its overall length was and was intended to take a road carriageway. Few voussoirs (wedge-shaped stones from arches) have been found, but there is sufficient other evidence in the form of cornice blocks, grooved to take vertical parapet slabs, and angled mouldings, to show that the bridge was of stone, although others state that the second bridge had a timber superstructure.

In 2014/15, the entrance were adapted for the needs of the disabled, with both the platform and the entrance from Friemersheim equipped with wheelchair-accessible ramps. The Rheinhausen (Friemersheim) West signal box was built at the time of the construction of the station building on Windmühlenstraße. It was built on the abutment of an overpass over the railway tracks. The overpass was replaced by the Rheingoldstraße/Bachstraße underpass at the end of the 1950s as the bridge was no longer able to cope with the increasing truck and car traffic because of its restricted width and load capacity.

On 22 January 1985, an icejam led to flooding of Kellenbach's main street, resulting in great damage to the buildings there. After a three- week cold spell, the river in the village core and all the way upstream towards Simmertal was thickly frozen over, but then a thaw drove huge ice floes downstream. These then got jammed just upstream from a pool in the river, piling up underneath the bridge across the brook, which was then only a few years old. According to eyewitness reports, the growing heap of ice came to within only a few centimetres of the bridge's abutment.

Due to the single vehicle lane, each end of the bridge is equipped with traffic signals (7 lights northbound and 2 lights southbound); the signals on the Little Current abutment being the only installation of traffic signals on Manitoulin Island. From mid-October to early May when the ferry MS Chi-Cheemaun is not in operation to carry passengers from the Bruce Peninsula, the bridge is the only road link to Manitoulin Island. The bridge has been designated an Ontario Heritage site. Studies for a replacement began in 2018, as the bridge's mechanics have been failing and its steel deteriorating.

The immediate harm from the damage is limited to the area downstream of the breach, eroding the hillside to form a canyon. However, a major danger is that the spillway can erode back up toward the gate because of being undercut by the water falling into the crater. Eventually, this would threaten the spillway gate, in close proximity to the actual abutment of the dam. About of erosion debris clogged the channel of the Feather River below the dam, preventing release of water from the hydroelectric plant, thus reducing the overall capacity of the dam to release water.

A building collapsed at a drug and alcohol recovery facility and the White Water overpass was damaged due to lateral movement at its south abutment in Palm Springs. Broken glass and cracks in walls and concrete columns (some severe) were also widespread there. Intensity VI (Strong) effects were widespread, from La Jolla and Pacific Beach area near San Diego to Seal Beach in the Los Angeles area that were deemed to qualify. The effects at this level included cracked walls and windows and small landslides, and were more prevalent in the Banning Pass and Coachella Valley areas.

Although radically different in structure, the bridge imitates the general outline of a chain-type bridge, which was considered an aesthetically preferable form at the time of construction. The bridge was opened in the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph; the last silver rivet on the Pest abutment was inserted into the iron structure by the Emperor himself, and the bridge was originally named after him. In 1945 its exploded middle part was reconstructed partly from remolded materials of the uplifted ruins of it. The Dualism-age ornaments and the detailed barriers were rebuilt with simpler forms.

Howard A. Hanson Dam is an earthen embankment dam on the Green River, 21 miles (34 km) east of Auburn, Washington. The dam was completed in 1961 and its primary purpose is flood control along with water supply for Tacoma, Washington. After the dam's reservoir reached record levels in January 2009, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers discovered seepage in the right abutment of the dam, leading to efforts to mitigate a potential flood. Improved drainage works were completed in October 2011 and although studies are still underway, the dam was declared safe to maintain its maximum reservoir level.

Behind and west of the building that is the chief subject of this article stands a small lodge erected in 1957 called the Apple Cottage (Ringo-an in Japanese). It is remarkable in that it is entirely built using local materials together with orientalia. The roof is Granville slate, its siding is Adirondack white pine board-and-batten, its entry steps are taken from a nearby old Champlain Canal commutation bridge abutment, and its wooden window sash were made locally. Within, the ground floor is paved with Granville flagstones, the second floor with box car siding.

A visitor to the site of Ainsworth Road Halt today will be able to note the remains of the bridge that carried the road over the railway. On the west side of the road sections of bridge masonry are visible as is the parapet beam. At the end of the stone abutment on the northern part of the bridge, a brick infill marks the entrance to one of the platforms, which was accessed by a narrow path leading down into the cutting. On the east side of the road all of the bridge construction above road level has been removed.

In his words, Hansen wanted his work to express "the immutable calm of intellectual resolution, and the enormous power of trained physical strength, equally enthroned in placid triumph of scientific accomplishment", because "[t]he building of Hoover Dam belongs to the sagas of the daring." Hansen's dedication plaza, on the Nevada abutment, contains a sculpture of two winged figures flanking a flagpole. Hoover Dam memorial star map floor, center area Surrounding the base of the monument is a terrazzo floor embedded with a "star map". The map depicts the Northern Hemisphere sky at the moment of President Roosevelt's dedication of the dam.

This 2008 photo shows a concrete abutment outside the No Gun Ri bridge, where investigators' white paint identifies bullet marks and embedded fragments from U.S. Army gunfire in the 1950 shooting of South Korean refugees. Information about the refugee killings reached the U.S. command in Korea and the Pentagon by late August 1950, in the form of a captured and translated North Korean military document, which reported the discovery of the massacre. A South Korean agent for the U.S. counterintelligence command confirmed that account with local villagers weeks later, when U.S. troops moved back through the area, the ex- agent told U.S. investigators in 2000.Ministry of Defense, Republic of Korea.

They are commonly installed on rectangular drop-in bathtubs with a shower head combination. In this arrangement, the bathtub is installed tightly against three walls, which are often covered with ceramic tiles. The bathtub and walls are sealed along the tub and wall abutment with a flexible caulk and rigid grout is used between the tiles to contain all water. The most common North American configuration is a rectangular drop-in bathtub/shower which is 5 foot in length and approximately 32 inch in width, having a shower head, water spout, taps, over flow drain, and bottom drain on one of the 32 inch ends.

Both bridges, consisting of 12 spans, were transported on barges to Prince Edward Island. Before installing the structure, the PEIR hauled thousands of rail car loads of soil excavated alongside the railway line east of the St. Dunstan's University campus several miles northwest of the bridge abutment. These railcars were pushed in 10-15 car trains to the waterfront and used to in-fill large areas for expanded rail yards and wharves, as well as to build an approach causeway from the Charlottetown side. A corresponding approach causeway was built on the Southport side using soil excavated along the railway line in Bunbury east of the bridge.

Because the abutment is narrower in diameter than the implant fixture, a certain amount of the implant platform is exposed when an implant is platform switched, and this exposed area of the platform can allow for the tissues of the biologic width -- junctional epithelium and soft connective tissue—to begin forming here, requiring less bone to be resorbed to make room for attachment on the lateral surface of the implant fixture.Greenstein G, et al. _Treatment planning implant dentistry with a 2 mm twist drill_. Compendium 2010;31(2):2-10 Platform switching has been shown to have the potential to reduce the vertical bone resorption by as much as 70%.

On October 4, 1886, Dr. Kinyoun began his career in the Marine Hospital Service at Staten Island Quarantine Station as an assistant surgeon, taking over direction of the Laboratory of Hygiene in 1887. When the Surgeon General moved the laboratory from Staten Island to Washington, DC in 1891, he placed 26-year-old Kinyoun in charge of the nation's first federal bacteriology laboratory. His code name during his MHS career was Abutment. Kinyoun's later career was spent in private companies and as a professor of bacteriology and pathology at George Washington University before becoming a bacteriologist for the District of Columbia Health Department, a position he held until his death.

The Shasta Route of the Southern Pacific Railroad and U.S. Highway 99 (current Interstate 5) were rerouted to the east over the steel truss Pit River Bridge, which remains the tallest combined road and rail bridge in the world. The bridge was built to a height of more than above the Pit River, some east-northeast of the dam site, to accommodate the rising waters of Shasta Lake. The bypassed segment of the railroad from Redding to the Shasta site was re-appropriated as a branch line for construction trains, and was routed through a tunnel beneath the south abutment of the dam.Images of America: Shasta Lake, p.

Built on the site of some old water mills, the dam creates a grade in the riverbed through the use of two abutments, one on each bank of the river, and five interior buttresses. The buttresses, which sustain the bridge and the six sluice gates, also hold up the metal structure bearing the machines that operate the gates. The abutment on the right bank forms an arched portal over the roadway and houses the access stairway to the control room, whose crowning octagonal turret once bore a dome. This dome, the horseshoe arch and alfiz, the simple and double windows, and the handrail supports all belong to the Neo-Mudéjar style.

The Miami Bridge has been listed as eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. According to Clayton B Fraser who conducted Missouri's 1992 Historic Bridge Inventory, the Miami Bridge was eligible for the National Register of Historic Places as an "outstanding, large-scale example of steel truss construction, located on important great river crossing." Despite its historic significance, Missouri Department of Transportation decided against rehabilitating the bridge and instead has decided to demolish the bridge's superstructure and erect a new bridge using the piers and abutment of the old bridge. The project will begin with the bridge's closure, scheduled for October 5, 2009.

The land required on Chapel Street for the Salford approach to the proposed bridge was donated by Samuel Brooks, who as part of the deal insisted that a abutment was built on the Salford bank of the river, to improve the rateable value of nearby properties. Designed by W. Radford, Palatine Bridge comprises a single span ( on the south side, on the north side), built from twelve wrought-iron box girders attached to stone abutments. Fixed to these girders, wrought-iron road joints support iron covering plates, which themselves support the pavements and road surface, the latter formed from granite cubes. The gradient 1 in 30\.

The remains of old railways typically perish with time due to both natural influences and human development, and the Waimate Branch is no exception. There are no readily obvious remnants of the line in the town of Waimate, though the formation between Waimate and the junction with the Main South Line can be clearly seen. Along the route of the Waimate Gorge Branch out of Waimate, the line's formation including a cutting, a bridge abutment, and some brick culverts can be located, and for about 5 km, a walkway follows the route of the line beside the Waihao River.Central South Island Tourism, "The Strawberry Trail", accessed 22 October 2007.

Just west of Wennington railway station lies Wennington junction where the Furness and Midland Joint Railway leaves the Leeds to Morecambe section of the Midland Railway. On 11 August 1880 the 12:15 Leeds to Lancaster train completely derailed at the junction points then continued for before striking the abutment of a bridge. The junction had no super-elevation as continuous crossing timbers were in use thus reducing the safe speed, and the Midland Railway were advised to correct this. But the enquiry also found the braking power of the train to be grossly inadequate; the train should have been able to stop before reaching the bridge.

There are plans to extend the Embsay and Bolton Abbey Steam Railway back to Addingham to a replica LMS-style station on the embankment, near the original station site, on a rebuilt bridge abutment. The picture showing Addingham Station Fisheries is where the railway bridge crossed Addingham Main Street. The actual Addingham station was about further up the road, on the left-hand side. Although houses have now been built over the site of the station, the original goods yard is still used as an entrance drive to the houses built there and some of the old boundary walls still exist from the Victoria Terrace side.

Both obstacles had to be removed before construction could proceed further. By June 30, 1929, the Arlington Memorial Bridge's western abutment was finished (except for exterior masonry facing), and many of the concrete columns for the Boundary Channel Bridge were also finished. By the end of June 1930, some additional filling in of Columbia Island was all that was needed to finish the Arlington Memorial Bridge. But no construction had occurred on the Columbia Island great plaza, its monumental columns, or the two pylons as the CFA had still not approved a final design for these.Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital, 1930, p.

Near the North Dam's left abutment is the entrance to the feeder canal of the project. The canal serves to either deliver water to the Pump- generating plant at Grand Coulee Dam or return water to Banks Lake from the same pumped-storage plant. The North Dam, near the town of Grand Coulee, has a maximum height of and a crest length of . Draft Environmental Statement, Columbia Basin Project, Washington; Columbia Basin Project, Ephrata, Washington; Department of the Interior, (INT DES-75-3), Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior; Washington, D.C.; 1975 Crest elevation of both dams is , and the maximum water level in Banks Lake is elevation .

"The chief objection to a log bridge ... is the shortness of its life." due to soil contact and subsequent rot and wood-eating insect infestation. Longer lasting log bridges may be constructed by using treated logs and/or by providing well drained footingsNational Parks Conference 1915, p. 59. "If we can design the abutment so that no moisture can collect under the logs the life of the bridge is materially increased." of stone or concrete combined with regular maintenance to prevent soil infiltration. This care in construction can be seen in the French bridge illustrated below, which has well locked dry set stone abutments and a footpath leveled with boards.

He quickly assembled a group of men to save the face of the dam by trying to unclog the spillway; it was blocked by the broken fish trap and debris caused by the swollen waterline. Other men tried digging a ditch at the other end of the dam, on the western abutment which was lower than the dam crest. The idea was to let more water out of the lake to try to prevent overtopping of the crest, but without success. Most remained on top of the dam, some plowing earth to raise it, while others tried to pile mud and rock on the face to save the eroding wall.

The EJP County Line Bridge is a Camelback pony truss bridge located near Hyattville, Wyoming, which carries Big Horn County Road CN9-60 across the Nowood River. The bridge was built in 1917 by the Monarch Engineering Company. As the bridge was originally thought to connect Big Horn and Washakie Counties, the two counties split the cost of the bridge, with each paying for one abutment and the two splitting the cost of the superstructure; this is the only recorded case of two Wyoming counties purchasing a bridge in such a way. Further surveys determined that the bridge is actually located entirely within Big Horn County.

It was discovered that the piers had been founded on rock that was not bedrock, but in fact a layer of stone on shale and silt. The reconstruction involved the demolition of the affected piers and the sinking of new foundations down to rock. The eastern abutment was moved back and two new spans with their own piers were constructed. The process took until early 1900, when the viaduct was reopened for goods trains on 8 January 1900, Colonel Yorke reinspected the viaduct on 13 March 1900 and was satisfied with the remedial measures, and the viaduct reopened for passenger traffic on 9 April 1900.

Bas- reliefs are carved on the middle ledge, at the sides of the window. At the right side there is a winged sphinx with a crown on its head, and at the left side a lion attacking an ox. The shaft of the south-western column of the interior is girdled with an eight-arch arcature, the capital is accentuated, on the transversal axis, by a large rosette above which, on the face of the arch, there is a relief representation of a dove with a lifted wing. The abutment on the western side, corresponding to the column, has smaller vertical divisions than the other wall-attached abutments.

One of the last major shipments to occur was Indiana limestone for the construction of Baltimore's Cathedral of Mary Our Queen in 1956. The Baltimore-Whiteford segment in Maryland was finally abandoned altogether on June 11, 1958, leaving only the stone abutments where the tracks crossed York Road in Towson on a steel girder bridge. A local group of history buffs placed a bronze plaque on the west abutment in 1999, commemorating the departed railroad's place in Towson history. In the 1960s, the Ma and Pa Railroad continued to solicit business along its line for its remaining Whiteford-York segment, almost entirely in Pennsylvania.

Clasps designed in this fashion can be flexed laterally by patients or their caregivers to facilitate the insertion and removal of the interim palatal lift prosthesis. Definitive Palatal Lift Prostheses Retentive Clasp Assembly Definitive palatal lift prosthesis clasp assemblies are not unlike those designed for the retention of removable partial dentures. The clasps arise as extensions of a cast metallic alloy prosthetic component termed a major connector that engages the hard palatal mucosa and the lingual surfaces of some or all of the maxillary teeth. Cast definitive palatal lift prosthesis clasps engage dental abutment surfaces harboring what typically represent 0.01 or 0.02 inch undercuts responsible for prosthetic retention.

Monument marking the border between Rhineland-Palatinate and HessenThe Schierstein Bridge begins shortly after the Wiesbaden-Äppelallee interchange on the Hessian side of the Rhine. In order to deal with the elevation differential between the two sides of the river, the abutment on the Rhineland-Palatinate side was situated at the level of the highest terrace in Gonsenheim (near the Mainz Sand Dunes nature reserve), about one kilometer beyond the Mainz-Mombach interchange. This required an elevated bridge structure (the Hochstraße Lenneberg), with 31 piers, spanning the Mombach floodplain. This also means that the Mombach interchange is one of the few that lie on a bridge.

In the Washington D.C. street grid there are two unconnected streets designated as K Street. The term "K Street" almost always refers to the northern K Street. The northern K Street, which carries a segment of U.S. Route 29, begins in the city's Northwest quadrant as K Street NW, just west of the abutment of the old Aqueduct Bridge on the Georgetown waterfront. The street travels east underneath the Whitehurst Freeway, crosses Rock Creek on the K Street Bridge, and continues through downtown D.C. After its intersection with North Capitol Street, the street's designation changes to K Street NE as it enters the Northeast quadrant.

The side arches house tall narrow sash windows which have similar imposts, voussoirs, keystones and abutment treatments, and which are flanked by circular Ionic pilasters with square Ionic pilasters at the corners of the projecting bay. The pilasters are supported by a deep base, either side of an enclosed balustrade panel of interlocking circles, and in turn support a heavy entablature with a parapet above which has open balustrade panels of interlocking circles. The clock tower, square in plan, has paired square Corinthian pilasters at each corner supporting an entablature with pediment to each face. The clock faces have been removed, and are now blank.

Extraction is commonly used to recover steel "H" piles used in temporary foundation shoring. Hydraulic fluid is supplied to the driver by a diesel engine-powered pump mounted in a trailer or van, and connected to the driver head via hoses. When the pile driver is connected to a dragline excavator, it is powered by the excavator's diesel engine. Vibratory pile drivers are often chosen to mitigate noise, as when the construction is near residences or office buildings, or when there is insufficient vertical clearance to permit use of a conventional pile hammer (for example when retrofitting additional piles to a bridge column or abutment footing).

Malamocco inlet with work underway A temporary construction site has been set up alongside the basin to fabricate the gate housing structures to be positioned on the sea bed (Malamocco and Lido San Nicolò barriers, seven housing structures and two for the abutment connections for each barrier have been built). In April 2014, the lock for the transit of large ships becomes operative to avoid interference with port activities when the gates are in operation. Positioning of the gate housing structures for the Malamocco barrier was completed in October 2014. The seabed in the area where the 19 gates will be installed has been reinforced.

At the corner of Elk and Eagle, activists were able to save the facades of three townhouses which were otherwise to have been demolished for another modernist building, James Stewart Polshek's New York Law Center, which they serve to screen from the street. The following year, 1970, the Hawk Street viaduct was dismantled so a parking garage could be built in the space. Only its south abutment and a portion of its handrail were left. As Empire State Plaza neared completion in the late 1970s, the state library and museum left the SED building for larger, dedicated space of their own built within the new complex.

Its distinctive feature is the diagonals connected to the lower chord by pins, which eliminated the need for vertical members on longer bridges. It remained popular through the American Civil War, making the Beaverkill bridge one of the last of its kind. A major deviation from Town's design are the additional diagonals at the ends, which distribute the load over a smaller area and eliminates the need for long abutment seats of bolster beams. A patent was granted in 1863 for a similar variation on Town's design, so it is quite likely that this technique was not developed by the builder of the Beaverkill bridge.

It is a single-span structure long, with a portal clearance of and a total structure height of . It is set on abutments fashioned out of large rough-cut granite blocks; the southern abutment has been reinforced in the 20th century with concrete. The bridge's trusses are a modified Howe truss, in which the king posts near the center of the span have been doubled, and some of the cross braces have also been doubled. Crossbeams join the trusses below the roadbed, which is built out of stringers that parallel the bed, planking running side to side, and a pair of spaced wheel runways.

His work included design of an early version of the Sydney Harbour Bridge that did not proceed to construction, and identification of crossing points for the Brisbane River. He was involved in many major Brisbane projects including an early Victoria Bridge (the abutment is still standing near QPAC) and the Story Bridge. In 2006, Brisbane City Council proposed Hawken Bridge as one of 5 names for a new green bridge linking the University of Queensland to Dutton Park but ended up choosing the name Eleanor Schonell Bridge. In May 1947, he was asked to participate in an inquiry into a railway crash at Camp Mountain.

The canal continued on a broadly westerly course, completely obliterated now by the motorway, terminating in Townhead Basin fronting to Castle Street, at a point where Parson Street and Alexandra Parade would intersect, under the motorway junction. When the "cut of junction" was formed, a short section of new canal linking the Monkland Canal to the Forth and Clyde branch canal, it was routed north from the basin under Garngad Hill (now Royston Hill). The route then turned west under Castle Street. The grooves worn by the barge towropes can be seen on the iron facing to Castle Street bridge abutment at this point.

In 1935, the West Virginia State Road Commission began organizing a project to replace the Whipple truss bridge, and construction of the new bridge had begun by 1936. In November of that year, a car collided with the south side of the eastern Whipple truss span, which knocked the span completely off its eastern abutment. The car plunged into the South Branch Potomac River, followed by the compromised truss span, which collapsed on top of the car. Unaware of the span's collapse, a car traveling from the west drove off the end of the west span at the bridge's center pier, and fell onto the collapsed span.

The railway is a key tourist attraction for Walhalla today, carrying around 35,000 passengers each year. The trains run on Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays departing Walhalla at 11am, 1pm and 3pm [no 3pm service in June/July/August], with increased daily services in school holiday periods. The train journey begins departing the Walhalla Heritage Precinct, travelling through the station yard between Stringers Creek and the cliff-face that underpins the Brunton's Bridge Road. The first kilometre and a half is almost entirely built over six large trestle bridges that criss-cross Stringers Creek Gorge in an effort to find anchorage for each bridge abutment.

The U.S. Navy named a destroyer to honor the Ellet family. USS Ellet (DD-398) was in service in 1939-46 during World War II. In 1994, Stanford University received a gift of Ellet's Civil War letters from Elizabeth Ellet Nitz and Frances Ellet Ward. The papers are housed in the Department of Special Collections at Stanford University Library. On November 6, 1999, the Wheeling, West Virginia chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution placed a commemorative plaque on the western abutment of the Wheeling Suspension Bridge recognizing Ellet's accomplishments and his daughter, Mary Virginia Ellet Cabell's, role in founding the Daughters of the American Revolution.

The suspension bridge built by the army in the 1980s on behalf of the country park lies just below the weir beside the ruined gazebo. Lady Jane's Cottage had a wooded pedestrian footbridge which is shown in several postcards of the time; however, no clear sign remains apart from elements of the abutment on one bank. The restored Diamond Bridge lies upstream near the Eglinton Loch and continues to give access to the old Toll Road from Irvine to Kilwinning via Fergushill. This bridge was named after the nearby Black Diamond mine, the spoil heap or bing of which still remains rear the Chapelholm Gate.

On March 7, 1928, the reservoir was three inches below the spillway crest and Mulholland ordered that no more water be turned into the St. Francis. On the morning of March 12, while conducting his usual inspection of the dam, the dam keeper discovered a new leak in the west abutment. Concerned not only because other leaks had appeared in this same area in the past but more so that the muddy color of the runoff he observed could indicate the water was eroding the foundation of the dam, he immediately alerted Mulholland. After arriving, both Mulholland and Van Norman began inspecting the area of the leak.

Disks can also be set in rock ledges or boulders, and in the concrete of a large structure such as a building, bridge abutment, the base of a tower. In the UK, the mark is usually carved into a wall, or on a metal plate set into a wall. In the U.S., a survey disk is usually engraved with the name of the agency that placed it. The name of the mark (or the "station" it locates) is usually stamped into its surface, along with the date on which it was set (or re-set, since markers that have been destroyed can be replaced).

Mount Washington basaltic andesite is more common than North Sister basaltic andesite, with higher levels of incompatible elements and rare-earth elements. It also extends to the east and west of the major Cascade arc. Otherwise, the Mount Washington and North Sister basaltic andesites display lithologic similarities including a dearth of pyroxene phenocrysts and augite microphenocrysts, and both groups were probably near-primary melts. According to Hughes (1982), examples of Mount Washington basaltic andesites occur at Holocene deposits from Nash Crater, Four-in-One Cone, and Little Belknap Cone, as well as undated deposits at Todd Lake Volcano, Falls Creek, Broken Top, and the abutment of Tumalo Dam.

In 1960, the route of the highway was moved a short distance to the east, and the 1909 bridge was closed to public traffic. It was subsequently acquired by the Middle Loup Irrigation District. Remains of bridge in 2019: central piling, with south abutment in background In 1992, the bridge was listed in the National Register of Historic Places, as one of only a few multiple-span steel truss bridges constructed in the early 20th century that were still extant in Nebraska. At that time, the east web of the north truss had broken, but the bridge was still structurally sound, and providing non-public access to a diversion dam.

The fort appears to have followed the standard Roman plan, being rectangular in shape with towers at each corner and two big gates for Dere Street. Inside would be barracks, workshops, granaries and the garrison headquarters with the commandant's separate accommodation. According to the 2005 Conservation Area appraisal, the bridge had a south abutment and four piers; however it has been suggested by some archaeologists such as Raymond Selkirk that the existing remains do not represent a bridge, and that it is a dam and spillway. If it is a Roman bridge, then it would be one of only two remaining in the country; the other one being Chesters Bridge.

1898 illustration of abacuses of many capitals in various styles In architecture, an abacus (from the Greek abax, slab; or French abaque, tailloir; plural abacuses or abaci) is a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell. Its chief function is to provide a large supporting surface, tending to be wider than the capital, as an abutment to receive the weight of the arch or the architrave above. The diminutive of abacus, abaculus, is used to describe small mosaic tiles, also called abaciscus or tessera, used to create ornamental floors with detailed patterns of chequers or squares in a tessellated pavement.

Note: This includes and Lewis' restoration work at Forksville involved cutting windows into the sides of the bridge for the first time, with four windows on the south side and three on the north. While the Hillsgrove bridge does have more windows on the south side (three) than the north (two), it is not known when they were added. A 1936 photograph of the bridge shows no windows on the south side, and no concrete reinforcement of the eastern abutment. Note: The description of the photo includes the information on the sign above the portal on limits on speed, number of animals, and fire on the bridge.

Amherst ( ) is a town in northwestern Nova Scotia, Canada located at the northeast end of the Cumberland Basin, an arm of the Bay of Fundy, and south of the Northumberland Strait. The town sits on a height of land at the eastern boundary of the Isthmus of Chignecto and Tantramar Marshes, east of the interprovincial border with New Brunswick and southeast of the city of Moncton. It is southwest of the New Brunswick abutment of the Confederation Bridge to Prince Edward Island at Cape Jourimain. Amherst is the first town in Nova Scotia, the shire town of Cumberland County, and the largest population centre in the region.

Soon, the road turns east again, then crosses the Kootenai once more and abruptly heads north, parting ways with the now southbound railroad. The road starts to gain elevation and, once it passes the eastern abutment of Libby Dam, it follows the eastern shore of Lake Koocanusa, hugging the sides of the former canyon as it winds its way north to Rexford. It bypasses the town to its south as the road turns east, passing over a former railroad alignment a few miles later, before turning east one last time amidst farmland to terminate at U.S. Route 93, at the northern end of Eureka.

Brick arches over pedestrian path, Earlwood The aqueduct comprises the sewer carrier of three diameter wrought iron and steel pipes supported on a series of brick arches, and steel bridges. The brick arches are particularly decorative, being white glazed face bricks laid in English bond with decorative motifs picked out in red coloured brick. The springing points of the arch and cornice are constructed of dressed sandstone. The sewer carrier emerges from the brick faced northern abutment below Thornley Street, Marrickville crossing the river by the steel trusses and then continuing further across the river and Wanstead Reserve by brick arches to embankment at the end of Wanstead Avenue, Undercliffe.

The well-preserved paving of the remaining roadway is made of large, occasionally squared stones, and rests on the roof slabs of the hollow chambers. Since the Gönen Çayı at the site passes close to the west slope of the valley, the western abutment is comparatively short. Its two arch vaults, only one of which has a semi-circular shape, were built of brick, with the outer voussoirs alternating between groups of stone and brick, as it is also typical of the Makestos Bridge. The 58 m long eastern ramp rests on five arches of diminishing size (the overgrown arch 9 has only been conjecturally reconstructed by Hasluck).

As demand continued to rise and aware of the benefits of having a larger reservoir that would provide both generation storage capacity as well as delivering a reliable water supply to New Plymouth, the council committed to undertaking the full scheme by building a dam on the Mangamahoe Stream. The contract to build the dam was won by J. T. Julian and Son in March 1929 with a price of £35,310 7s 6d. Construction started in 1929 with the diversion of the stream through a tunnel on the left abutment. The foundations for the dam were then excavated and a trench dug for the concrete core.

The small hamlet of Little Mongeham contains sixteen houses on approximately 1000 acres of land. Once containing a parish church which was lost to ruin in the 18th century, the hamlet still contains a number of historic landmarks, such as Little Mongeham House, a striking brick built dwelling, topped by an unusual viaduct-style abutment between its chimney stacks. In comparison, Manor Farm has a Kent peg roof and is half clad in hanging clay tiles. Away from the cluster of older dwellings there are several modern bungalows, some of which are chalet style, which have been built from yellow stock bricks, with roofs composed mainly of slate or in some cases red clay titles.

On 22 April 1940, German bombers tried to destroy the new bridge, but missed and managed only to kill the 15-year-old boy Ingolf Helge Vatten on a bicycle several hundred meters away on Frei, and set the forest on fire on Nordlandet. Remains of one of the bombs that caused the wildfire are on display next to the abutment. In May that year, the new bridge was crucial during the emergency evacuation caused by the burning of Kristiansund. This bridge to Frei made it possible to shorten the ferry between Kristiansund and Gjemnes on the mainland by , when a new road crossing Frei to Kvitnes on Flatsetøya was completed in 1951.

A six figure portion of that figure was due to losses at the high school's gymnasium. The two aftershocks the following morning were separated by less than four hours and both caused at least as much damage as the mainshock. A large fire was triggered following the first aftershock at a shopping center in Scotia that destroyed four businesses, with the resulting damage at that site alone estimated at $15 million, and was the largest individual financial misfortune of the sequence of earthquakes. The water supply in Rio Dell was terminated when the water main was severed at the abutment to the Eel River bridge and power outages were widespread throughout Humboldt County.

Although the Golden Gate Bridge design has proved sound, a later Moisseiff design, the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge, collapsed in a strong windstorm soon after it was completed, because of an unexpected aeroelastic flutter. Ellis was also tasked with designing a "bridge within a bridge" in the southern abutment, to avoid the need to demolish Fort Point, a pre–Civil War masonry fortification viewed, even then, as worthy of historic preservation. He penned a graceful steel arch spanning the fort and carrying the roadway to the bridge's southern anchorage. Below Golden Gate Bridge Ellis was a Greek scholar and mathematician who at one time was a University of Illinois professor of engineering despite having no engineering degree.

The battery, located on the top of Green Hill, offers a panoramic view of 270º over Thursday Island harbour and Horn Island to the south, the boat channel and Prince of Wales Island to the southwest, Friday and Goode Islands and the passages to the west, and north over the Aplin Pass boat channel and Hammond Island. The principal elements of the fortifications include the embankments and terreplein on which the battery is constructed, three external gun emplacements, with working platforms sunk behind protective abutment walls, and associated structures including the sunken observation pit and access walkway. There are three six-inch breech-loading guns. Tunnels and a track for munitions trolleys serviced the gun emplacements.

There were also external gun emplacements, with working platforms sunk behind protective abutment walls, together with associated structures including sunken observation bunkers, tunnels and tracks for the munitions trolleys that serviced the gun emplacements. Green Hill Fort is an important example of the characteristics of 19th century Australian defence fortifications. Criterion H: Significant people Green Hill Fort has significant heritage value for its associations with Colonel Sir W F D Jervois and Lieutenant-Colonel Peter H Scratchley, whose reports to colonial governments formed the basis of defence planning in Australia from the late 19th century, and with Major Druitt RE of the Queensland Permanent Artillery who was in charge of the works at Green Hill Fort.

The two Y-column pairs, 12 November 2005 The southern bridge ramp begins behind its junction with the Stralsund ring road (the B 96 federal road) and consists, of an 85.53-metre-long embankment structure, measured to the abutment of the first approach bridge. Beyond it are the two Stralsund approach bridges (Vorlandbrücken Stralsund) with gradients of up to 4%. The first, structure BW 1.1, is 327.5-metre-long bridge made of pre-stressed concrete with ten sections and a twin prestressed beam slab girder as the superstructure. BW 1.2 is a 317.0-metre-long bridge with six sections and a single-cell steel composite superstructure that was manufactureed by the steelworks in Neumarkt- Sengenthal.

Raymore Drive is a mostly residential street near Weston, located on the opposite bank, and was home to a mix of blue-collar workers and retirees. As a result of the heavy rainfall, the level of the Humber River, near which Raymore Drive is located, slowly rose. As the water rose, a footbridge spanning the Humber near the street was torn off one abutment and redirected the Humber right through the low-lying neighbourhood. The water rose by over in a flood that suddenly became much more violent, and after some time, the bridge itself was seized by the Humber's waters and became akin to a battering ram, which caused even more destruction to properties.

On her last voyage, Eastcliffe Hall sailed southwest on the Saint Lawrence River from the port of Sorel, Quebec, bound for Saginaw, Michigan, under the command of Captain Richard Groulx, with a cargo of of pig iron ingots and 21 crewmen and family members aboard. After passing Montreal, the ship made her way through the Snell and Eisenhower locks before running aground on the Gooseneck Island shoal in the early morning hours of 14 July. The captain and crew freed the ship from the shoal only to strike another underwater abutment near Crysler Shoal a short time later. The captain was repeatedly told that the ship had run aground but he refused to believe it.

New Dorfbach bridge with abutment of the earlier stone construction Since the construction of the railway line, the unstable slope in the Plaschenz area at the Sandgrind Tunnel has been steadily stabilised. Due to their deteriorating condition over time, three bridges had to be replaced, the Schmalztobel bridge in 1993/94 and the Fatschazertobel bridge and the Farbtobel bridge later. The line was closed due to landslides and rockfalls in the Schafsita/Steinboden area below Calfreisen from 24 April to 20 May 2001 and in the outer Schanfigg area from 30 June to 15 November 2001. In addition to the construction of a shelter for the line at the Steinboden tunnel, the slope had to be stabilised.

Tingley was once served by its own railway station, which was located on the old now long closed ex-Great Northern railway line (Leeds, Bradford and Halifax Junction Railway) that ran from Ardsley Junction to Laisterdyke (outskirts of Bradford) and opened to traffic in 1857. The station was also a junction station on the also now closed Batley to Beeston loop line in-between. Tingley railway station closed to passengers in 1954, and later to freight in 1964, with the line itself closing to all rail traffic in May 1969. The site of the former railway station has long been demolished, along with the Dewsbury Road bridge abutment (to the west of the station itself).

Cavenagh Bridge is currently a pedestrian bridge, with lighting added in 1990 to accentuate its architectural features at nightfall. It now provides the most convenient pedestrian link between the cultural district at the north bank and the commercial district to the south of the Singapore River, and complements the renovated Fullerton Hotel (previously Fullerton Building) which is sited beside the bridge. There are numerous sculpture works near the Cavenagh Bridge, including a family of Singapura cats (kucinta or drain cats), recognised as one of the smallest breeds of cats in the world, located at the southwest abutment. On 3 November 2008, the bridge was selected for conservation as part of the Urban Redevelopment Authority's expanded conservation programme.

Interim palatal lift prostheses retentive clasps that engage undercuts formed with composite resin or orthodontic brackets are fashioned from custom bent orthodontic wire that is embedded in the polymethylmethacrylate component of the prosthesis. The orthodontic wire extends from the polymethylmethacrylate to engage the gingival aspect of the composite resin or orthodontic bracket serving to provide the prosthesis’ retentive undercut. If the orthodontic wire clasp terminated at its approximation with the dental abutment undercut it engages as do conventional removable partial denture clasps, the interim palatal lift prosthesis could be difficult to insert and remove. Thus, the orthodontic wire clasps used to retain interim palatal lift prostheses are sometimes extended in a mesial direction up to two mesiodistal tooth diameters.

In the testing and analysis done by the Corps of Engineers and others to determine the cause of the slide, several modes of failure were considered. These were: movement along a weak zone in the shale in the abutment, movement along the shale surface, bursting of the shell due to excessive core pressure, and temporary liquefaction of the shell or foundation sand. Extensive laboratory testing of the shale, both weathered and unweathered indicated strengths leading to a factor of safety greater than one. Also, portions of the weathered shale were found in the slide mass, indicating that the slip surface was located somewhere in the shale, but probably at a shallow depth.

It is then screwed into place with a torque controlled wrench at a precise torque so as not to overload the surrounding bone (overloaded bone can die, a condition called osteonecrosis, which may lead to failure of the implant to fully integrate or bond with the jawbone). # Tissue adaptation: The gingiva is adapted around the entire implant to provide a thick band of healthy tissue around the healing abutment. In contrast, an implant can be "buried", where the top of the implant is sealed with a cover screw and the tissue is closed to completely cover it. A second procedure would then be required to uncover the implant at a later date.

Tague had been driving to downtown Dallas to have lunch with his girlfriend (and future wife) when he came upon a traffic jam due to the presidential motorcade which was traveling west on Elm Street. Tague testified to the Warren Commission that the traffic jam caused him to park his car on the north curb of Commerce Street, where he then "got out of his car and stood by the bridge abutment". Tague was a few feet north of the southern edge of the triple underpass railroad bridge, when he saw the presidential limousine and heard the first shot. Like many other witnesses, Tague remembered hearing this first shot and likened it to a firecracker.

Plans to build large stone abutments had to be suspended when it was found that the southern abutment would block the River Effra, which by this time had been diverted underground to serve as a storm relief sewer and which flowed into the Thames at this point. The Effra had to be rerouted to join the Thames to the north of the bridge.The River Tyburn also joins the Thames near Vauxhall Bridge, upstream of the bridge on the northern bank. After the construction of the foundations and piers it was then discovered that the clay of the riverbed at this point would not be able to support the weight of a concrete bridge.

The eastern approach to the Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge was reconstructed and widened through two contracts, officially referred to as Contracts C1 and C2 at a total cost of $120 million. Contract C1 reconstructed the eastern approach from Lake Saltonstall through East Haven, while Contract C2 reconstructed I-95 from the East Haven/New Haven border to the eastern abutment of the Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge. O & G Industries of Torrington, Connecticut was the primary contractor for both contracts. While a train accident, harsh weather, and several design changes delayed the completion of Contract C1 by more than a year, O & G Industries completed Contract C2 in August 2008, one year ahead of schedule.

As part of the construction of the Western Distributor project, the eastern abutment of Pyrmont Bridge was demolished and redirected in 1980, with City-bound traffic crossing the bridge temporarily funnelled onto a northbound viaduct to enter the city or access the Harbour Bridge via King Street, while the viaduct across the southern end of Cockle Bay was being constructed. Just a year later, the Western Distributor viaduct to King Street was completed across the eastern end of Pyrmont Bridge, the temporary access ramp from the bridge to the viaduct was removed, and the bridge was permanently closed to traffic. The Government ordered the bridge to be demolished, but later revoked this decision.

As built, the bridge had stone abutments on both ends, the western end connecting it to Union Street and the eastern end connecting it to Market Street. In 1980, most of the eastern abutment was demolished as part of the construction of the Western Distributor. A section connected to the bridge remains, and the isolated easternmost plinth and lamppost can still be seen near the corner of Market Street and Sussex Street. In 1980, the eastern end of the bridge was initially connected via a ramp to the viaduct leading north to King Street, but this was demolished in 1981 when the rest of the viaduct was completed around the southern end of Cockle Bay.

Officials have twice closed the bridge for extensive repairs: structural problems prompted a 1998 closure, during which stones in the abutment were replaced, the truss system solidified, and missing or damaged components replaced with identical newly produced components, and a 2005 closure to fix damage caused by termites. With those exceptions, the bridge has remained open continuously since its construction. In late 2012, the Bell Covered Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying as a historically significant example of local engineering. It is one of seven covered bridges on the National Register in Washington County, along with Henderson's Shinn Bridge and the Harra, Hildreth, Hune, Rinard, and Root Bridges.

It briefly closed between April 1915 and February 1919 due to the First World War, but has otherwise remained open since. Although the branch line was originally double-tracked, after 1935 the two tracks were worked as two parallel single lines, with the non-passenger track used for freight workings beyond the station over a bridge across Foster Street (a bridge rebuilt in 1957 then subsequently demolished in 1967 after the goods branch closed) towards the Stourbridge Basin. (Until the redevelopment of the bus station in 2012, the bridge abutment remained visible in Foster Street.) The station and branch were listed for closure under the Beeching Axe, but were later delisted in 1965. The goods branch closed in 1965.

An additional box girder is executed just below the suspended structure providing it an additional support as well as bracing the pylon legs. The cable stays are anchored to the top of the pylon. A special opening has been executed in one of the pylon legs, next to the sidewalk, providing access to the inside of its cross-section, where there are rungs facilitating climbing to the top of the pylon, where another opening on its top allows replacements of the anchors, should that become necessary. The western part of the bridge comprises a pretensioned girder of variable depth ( at the abutment, at the pier and at the end of the cantilever).

These surveys established that the center section had moved downstream and toward the eastern abutment. Although this investigation was insightful and informative, the theory, along with others which hypothesized an appreciably increasing amount of seepage just prior to the failure, becomes less likely when it is compared against the eyewitness accounts of the conditions in the canyon and near the dam during the last thirty minutes before its collapse. Grunsky hypothesized, though failed to explain, the action of the dam tilting as he described. This action would have the dam in motion as a singular unit while conversely, testimony given at the Coroner's Inquest indicates that the dam was fractured transversely in at least four places.

Different from "true" arches, "false" or corbelled arches are built of horizontally laid stones or bricks, not of wedge-shaped voussoirs converging towards, and being held together by a central keystone. Unlike "true" arches, not all of the structure's tensile stresses caused by the weight of the superstructure are transformed into compressive stresses. Corbel arches and vaults require significantly thickened walls and an abutment of other stone or fill to counteract the effects of gravity, which otherwise would tend to collapse each side of the archway inwards. Some arches use a stepped style, keeping the block faces rectangular, while other form or select them to give the arch smooth edges, usually with a pointed shape.

The lumber to build the necessary buildings came from their sawmill in nearby Tulameen. The original minesite was on the hillside overlooking the south side of the Tulameen River, a bit west of Coalmont, and part of the wooden abutment for the Upper Town Bridge still survives on the south shore of the Tulameen River, about a kilometre upstream of the present bridge. They were attempting to mine the coal from underneath, but the ground proved unstable, and the coal seams fractured. Coalmont Collieries took over the operation in 1913, and began mining higher on the mountain, accessing the coal from above, but production and all development in the town stopped when War broke out in 1914.

The lead power car separated from the rest of the train, and the rear of the lead power car struck the concrete parapet on the abutment to a bridge over the Marne–Rhine Canal. The power car slid along the left parapet of the bridge and overturned, sliding down the embankment and coming to a rest beyond the end of the bridge. Cars 2–7 derailed before the bridge and travelled off the embankment with enough speed to overshoot the canal and come to rest beyond the beginning of the bridge. Cars 8–9 came to rest on the east bank of the canal and the rear power car ended up partially submerged in the canal.

Wonnerup floodgates from the northern side foreground includes a remnant of the abutment of the timber floodgates The Vasse and Wonnerup Floodgates is a heritage listed site in Western Australia that comprises two locations. The two locations are the site of the Vasse floodgates on the Vasse River and the Wonnerup floodgates on the Wonnerup Estuary. In addition, the 2004 site of the Vasse floodgates was also the site of the Ballarat Bridge which was built in 1871 as part of a logging rail line where the Ballarat Steam engine was the first steam engine to operate in Western Australia. The installation of the floodgates caused the formation of the fresh water Vasse-Wonnerup Wetlands.

In 1969 when the bridge was being demolished, to be replaced by the present structure, the memorial tablet was removed for safekeeping until a suitable location was found for it. Discussion with the Greek Community and Brisbane City Council led to the decision to retain that portion of the abutment which had originally held the memorial tablet and so it was returned to its original location on 24 April 1970. During storage the bronze relief head of the boy which decorated the tablet was lost. The Greek Consul, Mr Alex Freeleagus located the boys' sister in Sydney and she provided a photograph of the boy from which a replacement likeness was cast.

The D&U; currently operates tourist trains from Highmount to Roxbury. D&U;'s operations are limited to the Arkville-Roxbury section as the line to Highmount is out of service due to a weak bridge abutment east of Arkville. In Roxbury, the Roxbury Station is being restored by the Ulster & Delaware Railroad Historical Society. Roxbury is the birthplace of railroad baron Jay Gould. The Ulster & Delaware Railroad Historical Society owns former New York, Ontario & Western Railway (NYO&W;) "Bobber" Caboose #8206, built at the NYO&W; Middletown Shops in 1906, and former BEDT 14, an H. K. Porter, Inc Locomotive Works 0-6-0T steam locomotive, built in August 1920 at their facility in Pittsburgh.

Sack gabions in Casalecchio di Reno Bridge abutment with gabions A Maccaferri gabion is a name given to a type of gabion produced by the Maccaferri family. In 1893, in Casalecchio di Reno near Bologna, Italy, for the first time large amounts of wire mesh Maccaferri sack gabions were used to repair dams destroyed by a flood of the river Reno. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Maccaferri family purchased a patent for a new type of box gabion, so called Palvis (Gabbioni a scatola Palvis) and started the industrial production and introduction on a vast scale of gabions and mattresses for civil engineering use. In 1911, Gaetano Maccaferri established business relationships in Spain, Greece and Austria.

In the process of constructing the viaduct, it has been estimated that around 11 million bricks, many of which had been shipped across the English Channel from the Netherlands to Newhaven and Lewes in addition to some locally produced bricks, had been used for the structure. Furthermore, Caen stone was also brought from Normandy in France; this material was used for the classically balustraded parapets, string courses, pier caps and the four small rectangular Italianate pavilions. Building materials were transported to the construction site on barges up the Ouse River Navigation. At each end of the abutment is an ornamental square open tower, the brickwork of which is faced with stone from Heddon Quarries near Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

As such, the epithelial and connective tissue protection for the bone was unable to reliably form on the continuously disrupted abutment attachment surface and in reaction to this, bone loss occurred on the implant in order to provide the dimension necessary for the epithelium and soft connective tissue attachment to the implant fixture itself—this defined early implant placement and was often colloquially referred to as "bone loss to the first thread." This vertical loss of bone (X in the diagram at right) diminishes the bone-to-implant contact, contributing to a potential decrease in long-term biomechanical stability and has been well researched.Tarnow DP, et al. _The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of the inter-implant bone crest_.

Adamson, page 63 The entrance to the castle was at the south-west side by a drawbridge,Mackintosh, page 77 of which the abutment still survives.Canmore, RCAHMS The entrance pend or arched passage had a circular watch-tower or bastion to defend it. Within the closing wall was a courtyard surrounded by buildings, and from this courtyard there was an entrance into the great hall, long blocked up.Mcgibbon and Ross, page 300 A plan of the castle. In 1895 Smith records that at a distance of 145 paces from to the north-east of the castle a deep trench has been cut in a north-west and south-east direction for a distance of 162 paces, to connect the two lochans.

During its construction the west abutment and the adjacent pier slipped badly, delaying the opening.Vic Mitchell and Keith Smith, Branch Line to Lyme Regis, Middleton Press, Midhurst, 1987, Derek Phillips, From Salisbury to Exeter – the Branch Lines, Oxford Publishing Company, Shepperton, Other difficulties during construction resulted in delay and an extension of twelve months was authorised, and an application had to be made to the Board of Trade for an additional £10,000 in share capital and £3,000 in loans. A special train was run on 22 January 1903 with VIP passengers to inspect the nearly-complete line, but difficulties with the Cannington Viaduct prevented the planned opening at Whitsun. The LSWR arranged a horse bus connection from Axminster to Lyme Regis in the intervening period.

However, the Short Line lacked the financial resources of the Lehigh Valley, and struggled in the harsh upstate winters. It went into receivership in 1912 and was reorganized as the Central New York Southern Railroad in 1914 (organized May 28; property of NYA&L; conveyed July 14). At this time the initial grade out of Ithaca was eased somewhat with the construction of an S-shaped approach from Percy Field, replacing the use of the steeper Cayuga Heights loop of the Ithaca Street Railway; this is the abutment over East Shore Drive that is still in place. This gentler grade allowed the use of gas-powered McKeen cars through to Auburn, so that passengers no longer needed to change from electric to steam in South Lansing.

In July 2007, as part of the settlement, barriers were installed along 22% of the pedestrian lane at the bridge's western end (Halifax abutment) to prevent suicide attempts and protect navy staff below. Initially, the Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission was concerned that the structure was not capable of handling the additional weight of installing safety barriers along the entire span of the bridge. Subsequent computer modeling eliminated the previous concerns, and on May 13, 2009 the general manager and CEO of the Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission, Steve Snider, announced that a tender for the long-called for extension of the barriers along the full length of the bridge would be issued in June 2009. By March 2010, the remaining sections of the safety barrier had been installed.

Note the warning sign on the left for the buried cable that now uses the RVRR right-of-way. Also note the Patriots' Path sign. Although the railroad was completely abandoned and all its rail removed in 1917 (the sole exception being a short section near White House that was retained into the 1920s in order to serve a creamery), most of the right-of-way remains intact, much of it publicly or quasi-publicly owned, comprising part of Patriots' Path, as well as a right- of-way carrying fiber-optic cable. Aside from the right-of-way itself, a bridge abutment in Mendham, NJ and a few isolated railroad ties in Washington Valley, nothing remains of the physical railroad that was abandoned nearly a century ago.

A dental implant (also known as an endosseous implant or fixture) is a surgical component that interfaces with the bone of the jaw or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, facial prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor. The basis for modern dental implants is a biologic process called osseointegration, in which materials such as titanium form an intimate bond to bone. The implant fixture is first placed so that it is likely to osseointegrate, then a dental prosthetic is added. A variable amount of healing time is required for osseointegration before either the dental prosthetic (a tooth, bridge or denture) is attached to the implant or an abutment is placed which will hold a dental prosthetic/crown.

In the 1960s, the western foundation which contained the station house was demolished, and the Memorial Highway roadway and North Avenue overpass were completed to a traffic circle just west of the former station. Prior to the highway construction, the fill west of the North avenue station had been removed to provide space for barracks-style housing for returning World War II veterans. A concrete abutment and retaining wall, the western part of a NYW&B; overpass, remains as of December 2012, on Prince Street, approximately midway between Remington Station and North Avenue station. One side of an overpass which carried a street over both the New Haven and NYW&B; still remains behind a Stop & Shop on Palmer Avenue.

A diagram showing an embankment Disbanded West Somerset Mineral Railway embankment near Gupworthy, UK Cream-colored concrete abutment marks a gap in an embankment and gives vertical support to the dark red rail bridge, and to the fill of the bridge approach embankment. To reduce the metal cost of the bridge here it is further supported by erecting metal piers. A road, railway line or canal is normally raised onto an embankment made of compacted soil (typically clay or rock-based) to avoid a change in level required by the terrain, the alternatives being either to have an unacceptable change in level or detour to follow a contour. A cutting is used for the same purpose where the land is originally higher than required.

The Stikine Icecap is the parent icefield of the LeConte and Sawyer Glaciers on its US side, and the Great Glacier on its Canadian side. Also on the Canadian side and entering the lower Stikine, like the Great Glacier, are the Mud and Flood Glaciers, which form the boundaries of the small Boundary Range, which is an eastern abutment of the range comprising the Stikine Icecap and marks the approximate boundary claimed by the United States prior to the Alaska Boundary Settlement of 1903. The Stikine Icecap area is also renowned for its technically demanding and dangerous peaks and spires of granite that have garnered comparisons as North America's version of Patagonia. Peaks of particular renown include Devils Thumb, Witches Tits, Cat's Ears, and the Burkett Needle.

It was originally intended to be solely an aqueduct bridge carrying water mains connected to the Georgetown Reservoir, but the onset of the Civil War necessitated making it a vehicular crossing as well. The level of traffic was such that the wooden deck had to be replaced every three years. The bridge used an innovative design in which the 48-inch water pipes themselves formed the load-bearing arches of the bridge supporting the roadway. A water pressure engine in the west abutment supplied water to a reservoir at the current site of the Georgetown branch of the D. C. Public Library to feed the significant part of the City of Georgetown that was too high to be directly fed by the main Washington Aqueduct.

On March 24, 1937, 21 members of a touring group of Roller Derby skaters and support personnel were killed when their chartered bus blew a tire while going 40 mph down a hill on U.S. Route 50, collided with a bridge abutment, rolled onto its side and burst into flames, trapping passengers inside. The accident occurred near Salem, Illinois, as the bus was en route from St. Louis to Cincinnati for another performance. Only a few of the 23 passengers escaped the burning wreckage, and two of them died later from their injuries, bringing the total fatalities to 19 or 20 (sources vary).Deford 1971:133 The ghastly tragedy nearly put Seltzer out of business, but replacement skaters were signed and Roller Derby survived.

At midnight on the 21 July 1956, lake filling began and the lake level commenced rising at an average of an hour. As the lake began to fill, increasing levels of water began to flow from the drainage channels behind the grout curtain in the right abutment, which indicated that the grout curtain was faulty. Investigations concluded that further grouting would have to be performed (which took about a fortnight) before the lake could be raised to its final level. The decision was made to allow the lake to fill to no further than the crest of the spillway while the contractors began drilling and inserting more grout. By 11:20 am on 23 July 1956, the lake had filled to the crest of the spillway water.

However, Samarco failed to comment specifically about the buttress, and claims that it was never warned about the severity of the structural damages, nor about the imminence of a catastrophic failure. In August 2016, the report of an investigation panel constituted by Samarco and its shareholders was published online The investigation panel findings indicated that the liquefaction flowsliding resulted from multiple factors, including an increase in the saturation of the tailings due to modifications in the design of the dam and the presence of soft slimes in unintended areas on the left abutment of the dam. Another study indicated that the dam failure could not be predicted based on simple limit equilibrium analyses and that only a complex failure mechanism would explain the dam collapse.

Remnants of the Malpasset Dam in Maritime Alps, France, which failed at its first filling in 1959 and caused a giant flood that wiped out the town of Frejus, with several hundred fatalities. This dam, the tallest and slenderest at that time, failed because of an excessive horizontal slip in the gneissic abutment. The tolerable displacement considered in design is not known but, if calculated today, the size effect would reduce it to about one half of the value according to the design procedures in the 1950s. According to the classical theories of elastic or plastic structures made from a material with non-random strength (ft), the nominal strength (σN) of a structure is independent of the structure size (D) when geometrically similar structures are considered.

The aqueduct comprises the sewer carrier of three diameter wrought iron and steel pipes supported on a series of brick arches, and steel bridges. The brick arches are particularly decorative, being white glazed face bricks laid in English bond with decorative motifs picked out in a red coloured brick. The springing points of the arch and cornice are in dressed sandstone. Access to this viaduct in general is difficult, and the exact configuration of the structure not easy to determine, but the carrier emerges from a brick northern abutment below Unwin Street, Undercliffe (known as Unwin's Hill) crossing the creek by the steel trusses and then continuing by the brick arches passing under the East Hills railway to arches and embankment at Turrella and Knoll Streets, Turrella.

This bridge was blown up in 1843 by gunpowder by a section of the Corps of Royal Engineers. The abutment of this bridge can still be seen adjacent to Cromwell's Castle on the Connacht side of the river. Banagher Bridge in the 19th century The present bridge of seven arches was erected by the Commissioners for the Improvement of Navigation of the Shannon in 1841–1843. The engineer was Thomas Rhodes, one of the commissioners of the Shannon Navigation, whose name can be seen on many of the bridges over the Shannon and on surviving lock mechanisms, notably at Victoria and Athlone locks. This bridge was reconstructed and widened jointly by Offaly County Council and Galway County Council in 1971.

The 1960s bridge abutment at the site of the old Drukken Steps of circa 1966 with the old Toll Road route in the background The site of the Drukken Steps. The Drukken, or in English, the 'Drunken Steps' in the old Eglinton Woods near Stanecastle at NS 329 404, were a favourite haunt of Burns and his friend Richard Brown whilst the two were in Irvine in 1781 – 82. A commemorative cairn off Bank Street at MacKinnon Terrace in Irvine, next to the expressway, stands several hundred yards from the site of the Drukken stepping stones across the Red Burn, also said to be the site of Saint Bryde's, Brides or Bridget's well. Until 2009 it was generally thought that the Drukken Steps had been buried beneath the road surface of the Kilwinning bypass.

The only thing more southerly than the Douglas Ranges, other than floodplain, is the unnamed hill-country that is most of Districts of Mission and part of Maple Ridge, from the Alouette River east across the upland to Hatzic Prairie. And in addition to being the most southerly and relatively lower than the rest of the Pacific Ranges, it is also among the wettest and, for being lowland country relative to the rest of its parent ranges, among the ruggedest. The southern abutment of the Douglas Ranges is over above the Fraser River between Dewdney and the Harrison River, which flows along the southeast flank of the range. East of the Douglas Ranges, across Harrison Lake, are the Lillooet Ranges, while to the west and northwest are the Garibaldi Ranges.

The first "Ledyard Free Bridge" was a covered bridge built in 1859 that was the first bridge across the Connecticut not to charge a toll. (It was the latest of several bridges at this site that went back to the late 18th century.) The bridge was named after Ledyard in 1859 because its eastern abutment was near the site of a tree that Ledyard felled during 1773 in order to make the dugout canoe in which he left Dartmouth College to continue his world travels. The bridge now standing was built between 1998 and 2000 by the New Hampshire Department of Transportation. At each end it displays a pair of "bridge balls," the controversial Classical ornaments cast in concrete that refer to the gateway to Tuck Drive nearby on the Hanover shore.

Green Line under construction The first construction began in late 2010, including work in downtown St. Paul and near the University of Minnesota campus. By November 2011, construction was about 32% complete, including most heavy construction such as the installation of track segments, a new bridge, partial completion of stations, a rebuilt skyway in St. Paul and the construction of Green Line facilities at St. Paul Union Station. Due to scope of project, a venture was created by C.S. McCrossan and Ames to complete an area known as The Civil West Project. This area extended from the west side of the 35W abutment, over the Mississippi River, through the UofM campus and ending at Bedford St. From Bedford to Saint Paul, Walsh Construction served as the general contractor.

Where the prosthetic is fixed, the crown, bridge or denture is fixed to the abutment either with lag screws or with dental cement. Where the prosthetic is removable, a corresponding adapter is placed in the prosthetic so that the two pieces can be secured together. The risks and complications related to implant therapy divide into those that occur during surgery (such as excessive bleeding or nerve injury), those that occur in the first six months (such as infection and failure to osseointegrate) and those that occur long-term (such as peri-implantitis and mechanical failures). In the presence of healthy tissues, a well-integrated implant with appropriate biomechanical loads can have 5-year plus survival rates from 93 to 98 percent and 10 to 15 year lifespans for the prosthetic teeth.

There is limited evidence showing that implants with relatively smooth surfaces are less prone to peri-implantitis than implants with rougher surfaces and no evidence showing that any particular type of dental implant has superior long-term success. # Zygoma implant; a long implant that can anchor to the cheek bone by passing through the maxillary sinus to retain a complete upper denture when bone is absent. While zygomatic implants offer a novel approach to severe bone loss in the upper jaw, it has not been shown to offer any advantage over bone grafting functionally although it may offer a less invasive option, depending on the size of the reconstruction required. # Small diameter implants are implants of low diameter with one piece construction (implant and abutment) that are sometimes used for denture retention or orthodontic anchorage.

The Roman fort of Concangis is located east of the forts of Longovicium (Lanchester) and Vindomora (Ebchester) and south from Pons Aelius (Newcastle upon Tyne). It is east of the main Roman road of Dere Street that connected other forts near to Hadrian's Wall and beyond to Eboracum (York), and is situated close to Cade's Road which was speculated to have run from Eboracum to Pons Aelius. It is also speculated that Concangis may have been linked to Dere Street via a branch road heading west connecting to Longovicium (situated on Dere Street), but this has yet to be confirmed. The discovery by Raymond Selkirk of an abutment on the Cong Burn stream suggests that a bridge had been built there and had connected this fort with the one at Vindomora (Ebchester) to the west.

There is limited evidence showing that implants with relatively smooth surfaces are less prone to peri-implantitis than implants with rougher surfaces and no evidence showing that any particular type of dental implant has superior long-term success. # Zygoma Implant; a long implant that can anchor to the cheek bone by passing through the maxillary sinus to retain a complete upper denture when bone is absent. While zygomatic implants offer a novel approach to severe bone loss in the upper jaw, it has not been shown to offer any advantage over bone grafting functionally although it may offer a less invasive option, depending on the size of the reconstruction required. # Small diameter implants are implants of low diameter with one piece construction (implant and abutment) that are sometimes used for denture retention or orthodontic anchorage.

The town of Concord erected the 1836 Battle Monument (as it is now known) with funds donated by the Bunker Hill Monument Association. The obelisk was designed by Solomon Willard and placed on the land donated by Ripley, near where the east abutment of the bridge had been. The inscription on the monument reads, "HERE On the 19 of April, 1775, was made the first forcible resistance to British aggression / On the opposite Bank stood the American Militia / Here stood the Invading Army and on this spot the first of the Enemy fell in the War of that Revolution which gave Independence to these United States / In gratitude to GOD and In the love of Freedom this Monument was erected AD. 1836." Concord dedicated the monument on Independence Day, July 4, 1837.

The span of the largest vault was eighteen paces, its width eight. Small arched chambers immediately under the pavement reduced the load of the bridge; similar relieving chambers also appear in neighbouring ancient bridges such as the Makestos Bridge and the Aesepus Bridge, leading Frederick William Hasluck to postulate a common origin under the reign of emperor Constantine († 337 AD). Eighty years later, Janke could still identify several semi-circular arches at the left bank, along with piers featuring polished ashlar of 100 × 50 cm, as characteristically for Roman bridge building. Hardly a decade later, however, Hasluck essentially only found a tile-vaulted arch of the western abutment and an adjoining pier, the bridge having been plundered in the meantime for building material for the Karabogha–Boghashehr () road.

The brick tollhouse at the south end of the bridge With funding from Shropshire County Council, the Historic Buildings Council for England, and the nascent Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust, a programme of repairs took place on the foundations of the bridge at a cost of £147,000 between 1972 and 1975. The consulting engineers Sandford, Fawcett, Wilton and Bell decided to place a ferro-concrete inverted arch under the river to counter inward movement of the bridge abutments. The arch was built by the Tarmac Construction Company, starting in the spring of 1973, but unusually high summer floods washed over the cofferdam, frustrating hopes that the work could be done in a single summer. Filling material was removed from the south abutment to reduce its weight, and the arch through it was reinforced with concrete.

Ground displacement at the site was ruled out as a major cause of the failure, and in addition to the fallen sections and a crane that was struck during the collapse, other portions of the overpass were also damaged. Shear cracking occurred at the column closest to the western abutment, and the ground at the same column's base exhibited evidence of rotation. ;Golden State Freeway – Foothill Freeway Interchange Interstate 210 / Interstate 5 overpass collapsed onto San Fernando Road This interchange is a broad complex of overpasses and bridges that was nearly complete at the time of the earthquake and not all portions were open to traffic. Several instances of failure or collapse at the site took place and two men were killed while driving in a pickup truck as a result.

As the deck is too close to the water, the arcs ought to be elevated above the deck and affixed at each end to a giant stone abutment, 22 m x 18 m in dimension. The approach to the bridge from the left bank (Gare d'Austerlitz) posed no particular issue to the construction project but it wasn't practical to remove the existing structures on the right bank to clear way for the bridge exit. Therefore, to circumvent this problem, instead of a straight exit leading out from the main bridge (like the one on the left bank), a curved structure was erected with riveted girders parallel to the rails. The helicoid ramp, which has a radius of approximately 75 m and a 40‰ gradient, bends in until the rails point downstream.

A pair of ties at right angles to the carriageway hold the beams together. The deck is formed by iron plates resting on top of the girders. Moreton and Kinman of the Vulcan Foundry, Biggleswade was the manufacturer and their name plate is bolted to the west abutment below the south girder. The iron railings date from 1992 and are replicas of the originals. Public houses and beer houses The Bedfordshire Archives and Records Service lists nine public houses and beer houses in Blunham with the oldest being The Ragged Staff with records dating from 1646. The name was changed to The Salutation in 1768 and continued as such until closure in December 2011. Extensive renovations by the current owner are ongoing for conversion to a private residence.

A surprising aspect of the early geologic exploration came later when the need for a dam arose. Although Mulholland wrote of the perilous nature of the face of schist on the eastern side of the canyon in his annual report to the Board of Public Works in 1911,Sixth Annual Report of the Bureau of the Los Angeles Aqueduct to the Board of Public Works, 1911 it was either misjudged or ignored by the construction supervisor of the St. Francis Dam, Stanley Dunham. Dunham testified, at the Coroner's Inquest, that tests which he had ordered yielded results which showed the rock to be hard and of the same nature throughout the entire area which became the eastern abutment. His opinion was that this area was more than suitable for construction of the dam.

At the Bureau of Power and Light at both Receiving Stations in Los Angeles and the Water Works and Supply at Powerhouse there was a sharp voltage drop at Simultaneously, a transformer at Southern California Edison's Saugus substation exploded, a situation investigators later determined was caused by wires up the western hillside of San Francisquito canyon about ninety feet above the dam's east abutment shorting.185x185px Power Plant 2 before dam collapse Power Plant 2 after dam collapse. Given the known height of the flood wave, and that within seventy minutes or less after the collapse the reservoir was virtually empty, the failure must have been sudden and complete. Seconds after it began, little of what had been the dam remained standing, other than the center section and wing wall.

Short of major intervention work, it is unlikely that further structural research and inspection will reveal more about the weir's construction. Apart from extensions, a concrete road was partly built across the weir in the 1970s which was halted and later removed because of its impact on the weir's stability, and a fishway was built in 1997 through the right abutment. Although the repair works, extensions and additions have had an adverse impact on the integrity of the original structure and have altered its appearance, Liverpool Weir is a rare 19th century water supply structure, and its original and repair fabric have historic and heritage significance. While the weir has long ceased to function as a source for town water and as a George's River crossing, it has gradually developed other functions.

It was designed by A C Pain and built by Baldry and YerberghSpelling according to Otter; Maggs, Williams and Phillips have Yerburgh of Westminster.A Wood-Hill and E D Pain, On the construction of a concrete railway viaduct, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, London, 1904, quoted in Otter During its construction the west abutment and the adjacent pier slipped during the process of tipping fill material behind it, and it and the first pier settled significantly, distorting the first arch crown to rise, delaying the opening. The displaced foundations were stabilised and the third arch was strengthened by means of a diaphragm wall; the distorted first arch was given a brick arch ring. The line of the viaduct parapet shows a very significant drop at this end, but the structure had been stabilised and did not move further.

In compound implants (two stage implants), between the actual implant and the superstructure (abutment) are gaps and cavities into which bacteria can penetrate from the oral cavity. Later these bacteria will return into the adjacent tissue and can cause periimplantitis. Criteria for the success of the implant supported dental prosthetic varies from study to study, but can be broadly classified into failures due to the implant, soft tissues or prosthetic components or a lack of satisfaction on the part of the patient. The most commonly cited criteria for success are function of at least five years in the absence of pain, mobility, radiographic lucency and peri-implant bone loss of greater than 1.5 mm on the implant, the lack of suppuration or bleeding in the soft tissues and occurrence of technical complications/prosthetic maintenance, adequate function, and esthetics in the prosthetic.

Gimeno & Gutiérrez, p.19 The bridge was originally built to allow the transit of black powder convoys arriving from the neighbouring military factory and heading to the Port of Cartagena. Prior to the construction of the bridge, these dangerous convoys had to pass periodically through the city of Murcia in order to cross the river by the only existing bridge over the Segura in the vicinity: El Puente de los Peligros. Until the construction of the bridge, the inhabitants of Murcia complained repeatedly about the risk that those black powder transports meant for the city.Gimeno & Gutiérrez, p.25 In 1975, the metallic structure was dismantled and sold as scrap due to the construction, in 1974, of a reinforced concrete bridge few meters upstream.Sánchez, p.117 Later on, the right abutment was demolished during the channelling of the river.

However, the courses are not parallel, being thinner towards the most acutely angled quoin (located where the face of the arch makes an obtuse angle with the abutment in the plan view, at S and Q in the development to the left, and at the left hand side of the photograph of the intrados on the right) and thicker towards the most obtusely angled quoin (at O and G in the development and just off the right hand side of the photograph), requiring specially cut stones, no two of which in a given course being the same, which precludes the use of mass-produced bricks. Nevertheless, two courses beginning at opposite ends of the barrel at the same height above the springing line are exactly alike, halving the number of templates required. French; Ives, 1902, op. cit., p. 101.

The station booking office was located on the now exposed area of the bridge abutment tops, the bridge having been widened to enable the road and booking office to both sit on top of it The station had two platforms, each with a wooden waiting room and a ticket office built over the tracks alongside the road bridge. Unlike other contemporary stations that were built on the Castle Eden Branch, the station never had any goods facilities. A signal box had been built on the east side of the tracks, just south of the road bridge, when the Castle Eden Branch first opened in 1877. Originally called Castle Eden North Junction, it was renamed Wellfield when the station opened and, in 1910, was replaced by a new signal box at the northern end of the southbound (eastern) platform.

Hurlbut wrote, in an explanation of these changes that was presented to the Board of Public Service Commissioners, that > Additional surveys and changes in the plans for this reservoir have > disclosed the fact that at crest elevation of 1835 feet above sea level the > reservoir will have a capacity of 38,000 acre-feet.24th Annual Report of the > Board of Public Service Commissioners, Report of the Office Engineer This increase in the dam's height over the original plan of 1923 necessitated the construction of a long wing dike along the top of the ridge adjacent to the western abutment in order to contain the enlarged reservoir. A distinctive aspect of the St. Francis Dam was its stepped downstream face. While the height of each step was a constant , the width of each step was unique to its respective elevation above sea level.

The construction was based from the original plan of ten 240-feet steel through truss spans and one 50-feet I-beam approach on each end. With the initial ₱200,000, Alonzo completed Abutment A. Pier I, footing and pedestal of Pier II. In 1962, however, President Diosdado Macapagal took over as President and no one knew whether or not he would continue the project. Congressman Ligot convinced the President to continue the project under one AGUID Construction Company. The frequent floods have widened the river channel and caused the change of plan for the bridge to 14 240-feet Japanese steel through truss spans, one 50-feet I-beam approach on the Solana side. President Ferdinand Marcos ordered Highways Secretary Antonio Raquiza to assign the bureau’s construction team led by Engineer Rogelio Talastas to Buntun Bridge.

The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. The Victoria Bridge Abutment has a high social value for the Greek community of Brisbane, containing as it does, the memorial to Hector Vasyli, a young Greek Australian boy who died while demonstrating his loyalty to his adopted homeland. This association is further demonstrated by the role of the Greek community in ensuring that this portion of the bridge was retained to provide a fitting location for the memorial plaque erected in the memory of the Vasyli boy and the continued practice of conducting a memorial service for the boy each Anzac Day. The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.

A switch track was located approximately near the bottom of the photograph. To this day, vestiges of the Roseland operation still remain intact: the concrete bridge abutments of the 1938 and 1969 bridges over Foulerton Brook remain, although the surrounding area has been regraded and looks nothing like it did when the C&S; was in operation; Peachtree Jct. can still be identified, particularly since the lead into the junction is through a rock cut (part of the oval right-of- way is still intact as well); the new bridge on the line opened in 1969 is still used by the business campus that occupies the Becker Farm land, where it passes over the same pond, with "C&S; RR" still visible in the concrete abutment of the bridge.The inside view of the 1969 C&S; RR brochure.

However, development began on only a few projects before funding for the program was cut. Permanent public art that was funded includes: super graphic text and facades of former West End houses cast into the concrete elevated highway abutment support walls near North Station by artist Sheila Levrant de Bretteville; Harbor Fog, a sensor-activated mist, light and sound sculptural environment by artist Ross Miller in parcel 17; a historical sculpture celebrating the 18th and 19th century shipbuilding industry and a bust of shipbuilder Donald McKay in East Boston; blue interior lighting of the Zakim Bridge; and the Miller's River Littoral Way walkway and lighting under the loop ramps north of the Charles River. Extensive landscape planting, as well as a maintenance program to support the plantings, was requested by many community members during public meetings.

Curtis Street at Medford is named in remembrance of this ship builder. Also in 1845 Curtis had upon the stocks at his shipyard near the Winthrop-street bridge a ship of 850 tons burden, it being the largest vessel built in Medford up to that date. This ship was too wide to pass through the draw of the bridge, and the town was again petitioned to widen the draw, and chose a committee to repair according to their discretion; under this vote the bridge was rebuilt, the width of the draw increased to 40 feet, and the north abutment relaid. Curtis built ships at Medford, and later, after 1852, at East Boston, except for the occasional ship that he built elsewhere like the extreme clipper Witchcraft that he built at Chelsea, Massachusetts in 1850 with Mr. Taylor, and the Golden Fleece that he built in Boston in 1852.

The new station called Julius-Leber-Brücke lies slightly west from the location of the Kolonnenstraße interchange station planned in 1936, because the northern mound of the Wannseebahn tunnel is located further west as originally planned, as explained above. It differs also from the old plan by the two platforms extending both north and south of the eponymous bridge, whereas the old Kolonnenstraße platform(s) were completely north of the then Sedanbrücke; without the planned widening of the bridge, the northbound Ringbahn trains had even to curve around the eastern abutment to reach the eastern platform edge. The two platforms are accessible from both sides of the Julius-Leber-Brücke, with lifts on the northern side of the bridge. The outer edges of the two platforms could in future serve for the planned new variant of the North-South-S-Bahn link, being planned and built under the name S21.

As the settlement of the pool got larger, portions of the shell began to slide backwards into the core pool area and the majority of the upstream shell began to move into the reservoir, translating south and rotating slightly about the east abutment. The west end of the slide mass broke away from the dam near station 27+00 and the core pool water rapidly poured out of the breach that was created in the shell. Portions of the core in the still-stable portion of the dam continued to slump into the hole created by the loss of the slide mass. One construction supervisor was backing his car away from the advancing scarp to the west along the beach to avoid the slumping and noted that the small scarp in the core was advancing to the west at a speed equal to his own (approximately 10 mph (16 km/h)).

The Grassy Knoll and Bryan pergola on the north side of Elm Street The grassy knoll is a small, sloping hill inside the plaza that became of interest following the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy. The knoll was above Kennedy and to his right (west and north) during the assassination on November 22, 1963. This north grassy knoll is adjacent by the former Texas School Book Depository building along the Elm Street abutment side street to the northeast, Elm Street, and a sidewalk to the south, a parking lot to the north and east and a railroad bridge atop the triple underpass convergence of Commerce, Main and Elm streets to the west. The wooden picket fence atop the grassy knoll, and the Triple Underpass with the highway sign, which at the time of the assassination read "Fort Worth Turnpike Keep Right", as similarly seen in the Zapruder film.

Gauge inspector and the Manville gage house built into the Van Veghten's Bridge abutment during the Raritan River flood of December 31, 1948 Manville suffers from occasional flooding events that occur after prolonged heavy rainfall events, when the Raritan River and Millstone River overflow their banks into the northern section (Raritan) and the Lost Valley section (Millstone) of the borough. The southern parts of Main Street also suffer from the flooding, due to the presence of Royce Brook which backs up with water from the nearby Millstone River in which it empties. There are studies being undertaken to address the flooding problems in the Millstone River basin and Manville; however, none of the flood control ideas in the Millstone River basin have gotten beyond the initial study stages as of late 2006.Flood Control Feasibility Study for Manville, NJ , United States Army Corps of Engineers.

One particular feature that is evaluated is the encouraging presence, or discouraging absence, of a clear layer or plane of fat creating a barrier between the tumor and the vessels. Traditionally, an assessment is made of the tumor's proximity to major venous or arterial vessels, in terms of "abutment" (defined as the tumor touching no more than half a blood vessel's circumference without any fat to separate it), "encasement" (when the tumor encloses most of the vessel's circumference), or full vessel involvement. A resection that includes encased sections of blood vessels may be possible in some cases, particularly if preliminary neoadjuvant therapy is feasible, using chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Even when the operation appears to have been successful, cancerous cells are often found around the edges ("margins") of the removed tissue, when a pathologist examines them microscopically (this will always be done), indicating the cancer has not been entirely removed.

Various mechanical ways of removing bacteria from around implants are available to be used by patients in their own homes, including but not limited to nylon-coated interdental brushes, soft-bristled toothbrushes and hard plastic cleaning instruments. These are all designed to prevent damage of the implant abutment, which would roughen the surface and lead to the accumulation of more bacteria on the surface which would contribute to the formation of more biofilms in the area. However, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences between some types of self administered antimicrobials, as they were all equally successful at maintaining the health of the soft tissues. One study was done comparing hyaluronic acid gel and chlorhexidine gel and another compared amine fluoride/stannous fluoride mouthwash to chlorhexidine mouthwash, but neither study showed either antimicrobial to be more effective at preventing peri- implant mucositis.

The Reedy Point Bridge carries Delaware Route 9 across the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal in Delaware City, Delaware, USA. A two-lane cantilever bridge similar in appearance to the Platt Bridge in Southwest Philadelphia (near Philadelphia International Airport), the Reedy Point Bridge was built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and opened in 1968, replacing a lift bridge that crossed the C&D; Canal prior to the 1955 widening project. Unlike the nearby St. Georges Bridge, the Reedy Point Bridge spans over salt marshes at the southern approach (which subjects Delaware Route 9 to periodic tidal flooding), the canal itself, and both Fort Dupont and the Governor Bacon Health Center. An obsolete double-leaf bascule drawbridge, located just less than ⅛ of a mile north of the northern abutment, allows Delaware Route 9 to cross over the Delaware Ship Channel (itself an abandoned section of the original C&D; Canal) and is technically part of the Reedy Point Bridge system.

As an uncommon conjunction on one site of a railway bridge and the remains of two earlier bridges (1865 abutments, 1897 abutments and piers, and 1915 bridge), the Bremer River Bridge structures, as a group, are important in demonstrating the evolution of bridge abutment design and the effect of changing locomotive technology on bridges in Queensland's rail system from its inception until the construction of the most recent bridge in 1915. Three bridges were successively built on the site because of the need to continually upgrade infrastructure as Queensland Government Railways adopted more powerful, heavier, locomotives. Together with the important Railway Signal Cabin and Turntable located at their southern end, the bridges formed important infrastructure supporting the operation of the North Ipswich Railway Workshops. This infrastructure contributes to our knowledge of the operations of the Workshops, which was Queensland's largest facility for the manufacture and maintenance of steam locomotives and rolling stock.

Telegraph lines were downed and rail lines were washed away. Before daybreak, the Conemaugh River that ran through Johnstown was about to overwhelm its banks. The north end of the dam abutment and the farm of Elias Unger; now the visitor center of the Johnstown Flood Museum The former South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club; now the Johnstown Flood National Memorial View of the lake bed from top of the dam May 1889 view of the Broken dam from the roadway May 5, 2013 view of the center section of the dam that gave way On the morning of May 31, in a farmhouse on a hill just above the South Fork Dam, Elias Unger, president of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club, awoke to the sight of Lake Conemaugh swollen after a night-long heavy rainfall. Unger ran outside in the still-pouring rain to assess the situation and saw that the water was nearly cresting the dam.

Observation Deck at Fundy Tidal Interpretive Centre South Maitland is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipal District of East Hants, Hants County, Nova Scotia. The community was one of the stops on the Shubenacadie Canal system and the site of a number of 19th century shipyards including the yard that built the barque Calburga in 1890, the last large square rigger to sail under a Canadian flag. The village is best known for the historic bridge built over the Shubenacadie River, a large bridge built over challenging tidal waters by the Midland Railway, part of the Dominion Atlantic Railway in 1901."South Maitland Bridge", Dominion Atlantic Railway Digital Preservation Institute Demolished in the 1990s, a surviving abutment of the railway bridge was retrofitted in 2006 by the Fundy Tidal Interpretive Centre at South Maitland as an interpretive lookoff and walking trail showcasing the massive tides of the Shubenacadie River.

The old Burlington-Cedar Rapids-Northern RR "plug line" cut through the property. The railroad paid J.T. Struble $450 for the rightaway in 1872, but ended operations in 1928 and tore up the track in 1929. They left the RR bed on the property and a trestle abutment dated 1892 which spans Ralston Creek and is historically protected. Today John T.'s old farmhouse has been nicely refurbished to its original condition by the current owner, Don Stecher. The location is 4735 Lower West Branch Rd., SE, and directly across the street to the north is the house which John T. built for some of his extended family to occupy, also still in good condition. Much of the former Struble property remains farmland, lying west of Taft Ave SW, and 1/2 mile north and 1/2 mile south of West Branch Rd. S.E., although as of 2007 development is encroaching on the west side.

An engraving of the Rideau Canal locks at Bytown The Romans were the first to build arch dams, where the reaction forces from the abutment stabilizes the structure from the external hydrostatic pressure, but it was only in the 19th century that the engineering skills and construction materials available were capable of building the first large-scale arch dams. Three pioneering arch dams were built around the British Empire in the early 19th century. Henry Russel of the Royal Engineers oversaw the construction of the Mir Alam dam in 1804 to supply water to the city of Hyderabad (it is still in use today). It had a height of and consisted of 21 arches of variable span. In the 1820s and 30s, Lieutenant-Colonel John By supervised the construction of the Rideau Canal in Canada near modern-day Ottawa and built a series of curved masonry dams as part of the waterway system.

Following its purchase from DB Bioengineering, Stryker held control of the DB Precision Fin Implant System for 7 years. Owing to its large size, as well as being more accustomed to dealing with purchasing agents at large hospitals, Stryker lacked the infrastructure necessary for direct interaction and sales with private practice dentists. In late 1993, Stryker made plans to sell the DB Precision Fin Implant System. Catching wind of the sale, Dr. Vincent Morgan (current owner and president of the company) along with other business partners, formed a group whose purpose was the acquisition of the implant system. In 1994, Stryker sold the DB Precision Fin Implant System to a group based in Boston which, at that point in time, had been renamed Bicon Dental Implants or simply Bicon (a name that is a portmanteau of the Latin “bi” – meaning two – and “con” – indicating the simple two-part design of the implant/abutment connection).

There is no record of there having been a bridge over the River Wye at Hay, till past the middle of the 18th century. In remote times the inhabitants of the town and feudal lords of Hay Castle, most likely looked upon the Wye as a serviceable barrier against a sudden incursion of an enemy from that quarter; whilst for all legitimate purposes the coracle or the ford would give ample accommodation. But as the people of the district became more civilized, they would naturally desire a less primitive means of crossing the river; public subscriptions were invited, and as a result a large abutment wall and three piers were built, but then the work stopped for want of funds, but in the 29th year of the reign of George II., an act of parliament was obtained, appointing commissioners with powers to erect a bridge and to levy tolls for its maintenance. The following were the commissioners first appointed, viz.

'Lost railway lines south of Glasgow' - A. Wham, 2000 To the east of the station was Canal Junction, with the line dividing between the line to Glasgow via Paisley Gilmour Street and the line via Paisley Canal; whilst to the west a dive-under junction provided connections to the North Johnstone line and the line to Greenock Princes Pier, via Kilmacolm. Elderslie station closed on 14 February 1966 and was demolished shortly after, however it remained a junction until the closure of the Paisley Canal Line through to Kilmacolm in 1983. Following the Ayrshire Coast Line electrification in 1986, an Up Passenger Loop remains, and the line to the south west is signalled for bi-directional working. All that remains of the station now is the bricked off entrance on the main road, which once led to the covered walkway, and a large brick abutment adjacent to the current Glasgow to Ayr line.

Since both sides of the Pataliputra capital are decorative (there is no blank side corresponding to a wall abutment), it is normally not structurally an anta capital, but rather a pile or pillar capital: the capital of an independent supporting column of square, rectangular or possibly round section.Rebecca Brown in A Companion to Asian Art and Architecture (2015), p.438 describes the Pataliputra capital as "a single quasi-Ionic pillar capital" Such capitals, if set on a square column, typically retain the design of an anta capital, but are decorated in all directions, whereas an anta capital is only decorated on the three sides that do not connect to the wall. If set on a round column such as one similar to a pillar of Ashoka, an intermediary piece of round section would be placed between the pillar and the capital, such as a lotus-shaped bulbus capital as those seen on the Ashoka pillars.

Extension of the line began on 29 December 1922, intending to transform Line 8 into a parabolic axis connecting Auteuil to Porte de Charenton via Opéra, Place de la République, Place de la Bastille, Avenue Daumesnil in the 12th arrondissement and Porte de Picpus. As part of the extension, a common route with Line 9 between the Richelieu – Drouot and République stations was planned in order to limit the impact of this problematic section on street traffic. Located on the former course of the Seine, the ground is soft and the initial plan to build two parallel tunnels generated lengthy controversy. Central abutment of the Grands Boulevards station The first new section opened on 30 June 1928, extending the line by 643 meters to Richelieu – Drouot from Opéra. With an increase in traffic forecast, at its 21 March 1926 meeting the Municipal Council of Paris decided to increase the new Line 7, 8 and 9 station length from 75 metres to 105 to use stock seven-car trains.

In recognition of unusual competence in an emergency, excellent judgment, and superb seamanship, four members of Ferrels crew - Commander John K. Callahan, Jr., NOAA Corps; Lieutenant Commander Richard P. Floyd, NOAA Corps; Chief Boatswain's Mate David L. Brannon; and Surveyor Seaman Gordon R. Pringle - received the Department of Commerce Silver Medal in 1981 for effecting the rapid rescue of a passenger who fell overboard from a sightseeing vessel in New York Harbor.NOAA History: Hall of Honor: Commerce Medals Presented For Lifesaving and the Protection of Property 1955-2000 As Ferrel was docking at the Port of Corpus Christi in Texas on 17 September 1986, Evelyn Langanke fell from a bridge abutment near the ship into a 35-foot- (10.7-meter-) deep ship channel. Ferrels executive officer, Lieutenant Commander Ted I. Lillestolen, NOAA Corps, noted that Langanke was in trouble, ran from the ship, entered the water, and swam to the woman, who was thrashing feebly when he reached her. He made a proper lifesaving approach and towed the unconscious woman to shore.

The mail train crashed into the GWR goods train, the engine of the LMS train clipping the edges of the two front-most goods vans of the GWR Train before crashing into the tender, which at that point was slightly askew of the main line as it was being shunted clear. The LMS engine crashed into the right-hand side of the GWR tender and derailed to the right, ploughing into two empty wagons of the up LMS train before it overturned onto its right side against the up slope near the bridge. The GWR tender was flung onto its left side against the north side of the bridge, while the GWR engine became wedged against the abutment, causing the first six vehicles (the parcel van, the other van, the front composite, the two 3rd class carriages and the rear composite) to become wedged under the bridge. Whilst the engine of the mail train was derailed and tossed clear, the tender was derailed but remained on the track.

Close to where the borders of Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands come together, the interlaced tunnel section provides an important connection between Germany and the Belgian harbour at Antwerp. After completing the installation in 1991, trains with an oversize loading gauge were rerouted over this line, and the lightly used (but tunnel-free) secondary line between Stolberg and Welkenraedt (crossing the border at Raeren) was closed to freight traffic. Electric-hauled trains requiring use of the central track will get their power from the right track's (in travelling direction Germany to Belgium) overhead rail, which to that purpose is slightly further off-centre than normal. Railways throughout Europe, Border lines Belgium - Germany, retrieved 2008-03-14The Brussels Direct Military Railway Aachen West - Montzen - Visé Haut - Tongeren, retrieved 2008-03-14 The Charleroi Pre-metro's Metro sections are entirely double-track, save for a short section along the Route de Mons, where a rail bridge abutment should have been moved to facilitate double track of premetro passing under it.

Stone bridge abutment for unfinished Manassas Gap Railroad crossing Indian Run Creek, located in Poe Terrace Park, Annandale, Virginia, U.S.. Annandale has parks scattered across its geographical region and a number of them are maintained by the Fairfax County Park Authority. The following parks are located in Annandale: Mason District Park, The Wakefield Chapel Park, Turkeycock Run Stream Valley Park, Annandale Community Park, Ossian Hall Park, Kendale Woods Park, Mill Creek Park, Wilburdale Park, Broyhill Crest Park, Larchmont Park, Canterbury Woods Park, Hidden Oaks Nature Center (Fairfax County Government Park Authority), Pine Ridge High School Site Park, Camelot School Site Park, Oak Hill Park, Backlick Park, Willow Woods Park, Valley Crest Park, Long Branch Falls Park, Manassas Gap Park, Fairfax Hills Park, Masonville Park, Howery Field Park, Poe Terrace Park, Rose Lane Park, Indian Run Stream Valley Park, and Accotink Stream Valley Park. The Wakefield Skate Park is also located within Wakefield Park. The skate park also offers skateboarding, BMX classes and camps for children of all ages and skills.

A Broad Gauge Train leaving Teignmouth with Shaldon Bridge and the Ness in the background, circa 1854 Shaldon Bridge in 2004 The original bridge was owned by the Teignmouth and Shaldon Bridge Company and opened on 8 June 1827. It had 34 wooden arches and was 1,671 feet long, which made it the longest wooden bridge in England when built. It had abutment walls of a considerable length at either end, and a swing bridge at the Teignmouth end to allow sailing ships to pass up the estuary. It cost around £19,000 to build, but the overall expenditure was about £26,000 due to the costs of the necessary Act of Parliament and the purchase of the old ferry-rights.Carrington 1830, pp.36–37 Toll houses were built at each end of the bridge, and the one on the Teignmouth side survives.Griffiths 1989, p.91 After eleven years, on 27 June 1838 the centre arches of the bridge collapsed, the timbers had been eaten through by shipworms.Gray 2003, p.

Abutment of the former bridge over River Street in Dedham, photographed in 2015 The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) was formed in 1964 out of Boston's Metropolitan Transit Authority (M.T.A.), largely in order to save the rapidly declining commuter rail lines feeding into Boston. In April 1966, the MBTA began subsidising continued NYNH&H; commuter rail service on four of the NYNH&H;'s six commuter rail lines entering Boston from the southwest; the NYNH&H; received subsidies to pay for continued service on the Franklin Line, Needham Line, Dedham Branch, and Millis Branch (the latter two each having only one daily round trip by then, service having been reduced to that level in 1959 and 1955 respectively), but not for service along the Shore Line (which provided commuter service from Boston to Providence, as well as carrying long-distance trains from New York) or Stoughton Branch, both now part of the MBTA's Providence/Stoughton Line. Despite now being subsidised by the MBTA, commuter rail service on both the Dedham and Millis Branches (by now consisting only of a single rush-hour round trip in each direction daily) was discontinued a year later, on April 21, 1967.

Risk Factors of PIM are categorised into General and Local Risk Factors General Risk Factors # Smoking #Radiation Therapy # Poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus (HbA1c >10.1) Local Risk Factors #Oral Hygiene # Poor compliance / access to regular supportive implant therapy # Design of Implant-supported prostheses affecting accessibility for plaque removal # Sub-mucosal restorations # Dimension of Keratinized Peri-implant mucosa # Excess Cement Possible Risk Factors: Some other possible risk factors may include the location the implant is placed, type of implant placed and the age of the subject, as it was found that these factors had significant influences on bleeding on probing (BOP). Although it is uncertain whether increased abutment roughness will cause an increase in plaque accumulation and hence increase the risk of peri-implant mucositis, a 12-month comparative analysis in humans found that “a further reduction of the surface roughness, below a certain "threshold R(a)" (0.2 microns), has no major impact on the supra‐ and subgingival microbial composition.” Implants and abutments made of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) were claimed to be more bio-compatible compared to those made of titanium but clinical studies show that there were slightly higher BOP scores or no significant difference in BOP scores around ZrO2 compared to titanium abutments.