The mill drove two pairs of underdrift millstones. The derelict tower stands today.
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The mill drove three pairs of millstones underdrift and all the machinery was cast iron.
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The wooden great spur wheel at the bottom of the upright shaft drives three pairs of underdrift millstones.
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Millstones driven by the Tail Wheel are always Overdrift stones. ;Trestle The Trestle is the substructure of a Post Mill, usually enclosed in a protective structure called a roundhouse, which also serves as a storage facility. Post mills without a roundhouse are called Open Trestle Post Mills. ;Underdrift Millstones driven from beneath are known as Underdrift stones.
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A few watermills drove the stones from above, known as Overdrift stones. ;Turbine In some watermills, a Turbine was used as a source of power instead of a Waterwheel. In many cases, the Turbine was installed when a watermill was modernised, although a few mills were built new with Turbines. ;Underdrift Millstones driven from beneath are known as Underdrift stones.
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The mill drove two pairs of overdrift millstones, with a third pair driven underdrift by auxiliary engine. The tower is high to the curb.
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The mill is winded by a fantail. The mill drives two pairs of millstones underdrift. The Brake wheel is iron. This drives a cast- iron Wallower.
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Bembridge Mill is a four-storey tower mill with a boat-shaped cap, which is winded by chain and wheel. It has four Common sails. The two pairs of millstones are driven underdrift.
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Walter's Mill is a five-storey tile-hung brick tower mill. It had four Patent sails. The Kentish-style cap was winded by a fantail. The mill drove two pairs of underdrift millstones.
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Collis Mill is a three storey smock mill on a single storey brick base. It has four Common sails and the pepperpot cap is winded by a fantail. It has two pairs of underdrift millstones.
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The tower is high, diameter at the base and diameter at the curb. The walls are thick at the base. The mill is to the top of the cap. The mill drove two pairs of underdrift millstones.
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The sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft, which also carries a diameter wooden clasp arm brake wheel. The cast-iron wallower is carried on a wooden upright shaft. The three pairs of millstones were driven underdrift.
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The stone floor is where the two pairs of underdrift French Burr millstones are located. The stones are and diameter. The wooden crown wheel is located towards the ceiling. This drives the sack hoist on the bin floor.
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Crowfield Windmill is a three-storey smock mill on a single-storey brick base. It had four patent sails and the boat-shaped cap was winded by a fantail. It has two pairs of underdrift millstones which are mounted on a hurst frame.
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Alfriston Windmill is a three-storey brick tower mill. It had four Spring sails and the beehive cap was winded by a fantail. The mill drove two pairs of underdrift millstones. All that remains today is the tower, with various additions and extensions.
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Much of the machinery survives in the converted mill, including the wooden upright shaft, wooden clasp-arm great spur wheel, cast iron crown wheel with wooden teeth and two pairs of underdrift French Burr millstones. One of the millstones was incorporated into the village sign.
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Both pairs of millstones were originally driven overdrift by the windmill, with the mixed pair later being driven underdrift by the steam engine, which also drove a wire machine. The remains of the old bakehouse can be seen at the rear of the mill.
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Nutbourne Windmill is a five-storey brick and stone tower mill with a stage at first floor level. The mill had a beehive cap, winded by a fantail and is thought to have had four Spring sails. The mill drove two pairs of underdrift millstones.
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It drives four pairs of underdrift millstones via stone nuts with 24 cogs. The millstones are three pairs of French Burr stones and one pair of Peak stones. Two pairs of the French Burr stones are diameter and the other two pairs of millstones are diameter.
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The wooden brake wheel is of clasp arm construction. It has 77 cogs of pitch, driving a wooden wallower with 21 cogs. The cast-iron spur wheel is diameter with 66 cogs. It drives the two pairs of millstones underdrift via two diameter stone nuts with 32 cogs each.
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Waterhall Mill is a four-storey brick tower mill with a domed cap winded by a five-bladed fantail. It had four Spring Patent sails carried on a cast iron Windshaft. The iron Brake Wheel is fitted with Holloways screw brake. The mill drove three pairs of underdrift millstones.
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This drives a cast-iron wallower with 25 teeth. The cast-iron upright shaft is diameter and in three parts, with dog clutches at the fourth and fifth floor. The cast-iron great spur wheel is diameter with 76 cogs. It drove three pairs of underdrift millstones of , and diameter.
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Machinery in a watermill Crown Wheel and Upright Shaft Pit Wheel, Great Spur Wheel, Stone Nut (Underdrift stones) Pit Wheel, Wallower and Upright Shaft.A Waterwheel ;Axle The axle carries the waterwheel. It can also carry the Pit Wheel at its opposite end. ;Bedstone The Bedstone is the bottom of a pair of millstones.
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Aslacton mill is a four storey tower mill which had a boat shaped cap winded by a six bladed fantail. It had four double Patent sails and drove two pairs of millstones. Unusually, these were driven overdrift by wind and underdrift by engine. The tower is about from base to curb level.
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This drove the two pairs of millstones underdrift. The French Burr stones were driven by a stone nut with 20 cogs, and the Peak stones were driven by a stone nut with 18 cogs. Each pair of millstones was controlled by its own governor, missing at the time of the survey in 1952.
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The mill was built with four Common sails carried on a wooden windshaft. The cap was winded by hand. The mill was originally an underdrift mill, with the millstones a floor higher than they are now. A lean- to structure known as the roundhouse was attached to the mill below stage level.
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The wooden Head Wheel is of clasp arm construction, diameter, with 90 cogs of pitch. It drives two pairs of overdrift French Burr millstones via a cast iron Wallower and Spur Wheel. The cast iron Tail Wheel is diameter. It drives a single pair of underdrift diameter millstones via an Upright Shaft and Spur wheel.
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The Upright Shaft was made up of four pieces of timber. The clasp arm Great Spur Wheel was of wood. It drove three pairs of underdrift millstones, with a fourth pair being driven by the waterwheel. The wind-driven millstones were all French Burr stones, two pairs being diameter and the third pair being diameter.
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The windshaft carries an diameter clasp arm brake wheel with iron segment teeth. This drives a diameter cast iron wallower carried at the top of the cast iron upright shaft which is diameter. At the lower end the diameter great spur wheel drives two pairs of underdrift millstones via diameter cast iron stone nuts with wooden cogs.
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The roundhouse is of brick, with a boarded roof covered in tarred felt. A pair of underdrift millstones is located on the upper floor of the roundhouse, these were driven via a portable steam engine in times of calm. The roundhouse was originally built as a single-storey structure, it and the mill being raised a storey at a later date.
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The wooden brake wheel drives a cast-iron wallower, which drives a cast-iron great spur wheel with wooden cogs. This drives two pairs of underdrift millstones in the breast of the mill. The mill also has a flour dresser (bolter). The bolter in Keston mill has been used as the model for a reconstructed bolter in Lowfield Heath Windmill, Charlwood, Surrey.
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Upthorpe Mill is a post mill on a single-storey roundhouse. It has two pairs of Double Patent sails carried on a wooden windshaft with a cast-iron poll end. This carries a wooden brake wheel with iron segment teeth, driving a cast-iron wallower mounted on a wooden upright shaft. The cast iron great spur wheel drives two pairs of underdrift millstones.
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The cap is in the Kentish style, winded by a fantail. The mill drove two pairs of underdrift millstones. The mill stood at the junction of three barns, one of the original barns remains standing today, and one of the others was replaced with a new build barn in 1997. Most of the machinery was removed in 1937, leaving the Brake Wheel and Upright Shaft.
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Reigate Heath Windmill is a post mill with a single-storey roundhouse. Winding is by tailpole. It originally had four common sails carried on a wooden windshaft, with the stones arranged head and tail. It was last worked with four double patent sails carried on a cast-iron windshaft, with the two pairs of millstones arranged side by side in the breast of the mill, driven underdrift by spur gearing.
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Chillenden windmill is a white open- trestle post mill with four spring sails carried on a cast-iron windshaft. The windshaft carries a cast-iron brake wheel with a wooden rim. The brake wheel has fifty wooden cogs, driving a cast-iron wallower on a cast-iron upright shaft. This carries a cast-iron great spur wheel which drives two pairs of underdrift millstones in the head of the mill.
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Bidborough Mill is a four- storey brick tower mill, partly rendered with cement. It had a Kentish-style cap, four single patent sails and was winded by a fantail. The millstones were driven underdrift. A large pulley on the outside of the mill at first-floor level allowed the mill to be driven by belt from a traction engine or tractor, via a gear bolted to the underside of the Great Spur Wheel.
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1890, about which time the millstones were moved down a floor and the drive converted from underdrift to overdrift. A steam engine was added in 1902 and the mill was working by wind until 1930 and afterwards by an internal combustion engine until c.1936. The mill was bought by Essex County Council in 1945 and although preserved, by 1977 it was without the fantail and associated supporting timbers, and down to only one pair of sails. Major repairs were started in 1991 by Vincent Pargeter.
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The mill may have started life with two Common sails and two Spring sails carried on a wooden windshaft as the wooden clasp arm Brake Wheel has had to be fitted with packing pieces to enable it to fit the current windshaft, which being of iron is a smaller diameter than a wooden one would be. The Wallower is of cast iron, carried on a wooden upright shaft. This carries the Great Spur Wheel, which is of iron with wooden cogs and drove the two pairs of millstones underdrift. A third pair was added when steam power was installed.
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In 1860 Hicks asked for the mill to be modernised and asked the owner to install a steam engine to assist the sails. That proposal was rejected, but a new windshaft was required and a fantail was asked for in return for an increase in rent. The cap frame was also repaired, with a new weatherbeam fitted. A new cast iron windshaft was fitted by Seabrook at a cost of £25. Seabrook fitted a new fantail in that year at a cost of a further £25. Hicks left the mill in June 1861, and a local man by the name of Ervin took the mill at a reduced rent of £40. In 1862, millwright Fyson of Soham remodelled the machinery, converting the mill from an underdrift mill to an overdrift mill at a cost of £58 13s 7d. The stage and round house were removed at this time. John Buck took the mill in 1863 at a rent of £20, and reported that various work done by Fyson was faulty.
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