Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis) - the plant's botanical name suggests its pharmaceutical use Officinal drugs, plants and herbs are those which are sold in a chemist or druggist shop. Officinal medical preparations of such drugs are made in accordance with the prescriptions authorized by a pharmacopoeia. Officinal is not related to the word official. The classical Latin officina meant a workshop, manufactory, laboratory, and in medieval Latin was applied to a general storeroom.
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It grows in [Taishan] (in > [Shandong] ...). The flowers, the fruit (seed) and the leaves are officinal. > The leaves and the fruit are said to be poisonous, but not the flowers and > the kernels of the seeds.Bretschneider, Emil (1895).
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Breynia vitis-idaea, the officinal breynia, is a perennial tree-like species of Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae s.l.), found from India east to Taiwan and Okinawa and south to Indonesia. It is a shrub or treelet with egg-shaped leaves that can reach up to 3 m tall. It has staminate flowers and spherical, red fruit.
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Henry Ibbotson (1816? - 12 February 1886 in York), was an English botanist. Ibbotson was a schoolmaster successively at Mowthorpe, near Castle Howard, at Dunnington, and at Grimthorpe, near Whitwell, all in Yorkshire. He was an industrious student of botany, but passed his last years in great penury, earning a scanty living by digging officinal roots for the druggists.
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Irania gutturalis Flora The flora of the area is quite rich. The vicinities of Yelpin have always been known for their abundance of alpine herbs and officinal plants. In the ancient times there was an alpine settlement of seyids (medicine people), who practiced phytotherapy and traditional medicine. The most common used were mentha, rosa canina, Armenian ginseng and many others.
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Only on the territory of Sevan National Park 3 Armenian endemic and 5 Sevan basin endemic plant species can be met. 17 species are included in the Red Book of Armenia (in the protection belt there are 48). In the territory of Sevan National Park and its protection belt, about 60 herbs can be used for officinal purposes. More than 100 are edible.
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According to the Oxford Business Group, in 2008, with a total market share of 5.5%, Adwya was ranked second after Societe des Industries Pharamacutiques de Tunisie in sales turnover in hospitals, clinics and pharmacies. On the officinal market it supplied doctors and pharmacies with an 8.4% market share. The export market represented only a marginal part of its activity, at 0.4%, and Libya was the only country to which it exported to. Adwya released its activity indicators for the year 2012 reporting that sales reached 67.15 million dinars at the end of 2012 against 55.05 million dinars for the same period in 2011, an overall growth of 22%.
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Alexander von Humboldt,An illustration of the genus Cinchona :comprising descriptions of all the officinal Peruvian barks, including several new species, Baron de Humboldt's Account of the Cinchona forests of South America, and Laubert's Memoir on the different species of quinquina: to which are added several dissertations of Don Hippolito Ruiz on various medicinal plants of South America After arriving in Washington D.C, Humboldt held numerous intense discussions with Jefferson on both scientific matters and also his year-long stay in New Spain. Jefferson had only recently concluded the Louisiana Purchase, which now placed New Spain on the southwest border of the United States. The Spanish minister in Washington, D.C. had declined to furnish the U.S. government with information about Spanish territories, and access to the territories was strictly controlled. Humboldt was able to supply Jefferson with the latest information on the population, trade agriculture and military of New Spain.
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