199 Sentences With "nonce" | Random Sentence Generator

I was disappointed that Tiger was O.K. (for the nonce).

Would you mind sitting in the waiting room for the nonce?

At each row, it tries a new nonce value, checks if it's correct, and if not, moves to the next row and tries the next possible nonce value, and so on until the correct value is found.

According to Shaked, for this block there were 4,213,226,2000 possible nonce values.

His research paper is entitled Key Reinstallation Attacks: Forcing Nonce Reuse in WPA2.

This proved that he could verify the hashes of Bitcoin blocks using BigQuery, but if he wanted to mine Bitcoin, Shaked had to figure out how to guess the nonce of new blocks, not just verify the nonce for previously mined blocks.

A nonce consists of four bytes and each byte can be represented by a value between 0 and 255.

Dozens of such groups, including Guardians of Innocence and Taxi for Nonce UK, have popped up in Britain this decade.

To do this, Shaked first did a test where he tried to reproduce the nonce of a previously mined block.

" If things have names, it's only for the nonce, simply "because they needed to be called something, if only for a moment.

Due to the way cryptographic hashing works, trying to guess the nonce that will result in the target value is practically impossible.

This means the difficulty of finding a nonce in the past was easier than it is today and will be in the future.

"Shouting, 'Give me your fucking phone, you fucking nonce,' doesn't get you anywhere," says Jay, a member of PJ-PHL's two-man team.

This means that the only way of finding the correct nonce is by cycling through every possible solution until a correct one is eventually found.

When reinstalling the key, associated parameters such as the incremental transmit packet number (nonce) and receive packet number (replay counter) are reset to their initial value.

The upper left put me through the wringer, though with just NONCE and PENN'S in the "entries I wouldn't normally use" category, I called it a day.

Blank verse and other prosodic techniques construct a sestina, a handful of sonnets, nonce words, and lyrics or lines organized in quatrains, some using internal and end rhymes.

Since Ether is rewarded based on discovering the correct nonce, the odds of this happening increase the more hashing operations you are able to work through each block.

This process of finding a nonce is accomplished using a customized computer chip called an ASIC that is optimized to run the Bitcoin hashing algorithm as fast as possible.

The hashing algorithm used by Ethereum— called ethash—hashes metadata from the most recent block using something called a nonce: a binary number that produces a unique hash value.

It is an incredible show to see at this particular moment in time, but, of course, you cannot see it, as the Brooklyn Museum is closed for the nonce.

Last year, a member of a group called "NWI Nonce Busters" was jailed for head-butting a man who thought he was arranging to meet a 14-year-old girl.

The miner that finds the correct nonce is then awarded the block, receives 2125 ether, and the process then begins anew in a cycle that recurs about every 2130 seconds.

A far faster option would be to put every single possible four byte nonce value into a single table and query that one table to try to find the correct value.

Mullen still held, in Collins's recollection, "horrendous views" about immigrants, and he constantly used offensive language: "slag," for a promiscuous woman; "nonce," for a pedophile; and "retard," for a disabled person.

Since the Bitcoin network is designed to add a new block every 10 minutes, as more computing power is added to the network the difficulty of finding a nonce must increase proportionately.

For each new block in the blockchain, the network sets a target hash value and all the miners on the network try to guess the nonce that will result in that value.

And on older Android phones, the attack is much simpler, White said: By repeatedly replaying one of the messages in the Wi-Fi handshake, the attacker can force a special code called a "nonce" to be reused.

His net worth this year is hovering around $20 billion despite all the times he gets high, he starts crying or calls someone a nonce, so it's safe to say that: Earning $20 billion is bad for you.

Obviously, he wasn't about to input over 2520 billion values by hand, so instead he found a pre-existing public data set that contained 225 billion rows and wrote a script that would systematically try each possible nonce value as it searched across the table.

" Carl adds that Johnson will probably face this kind of confrontation every time he moves prison, which could potentially be a few times over the course of his sentence—but this could be more down to the fact that he's famous than because of any perception of him being a "nonce.

Typical client–server communication during a nonce-based authentication process including both a server nonce and a client nonce. In cryptography, a nonce is an arbitrary number that can be used just once in a cryptographic communication. It is similar in spirit to a nonce word, hence the name. It is often a random or pseudo-random number issued in an authentication protocol to ensure that old communications cannot be reused in replay attacks.

Salts are closely related to the concept of a cryptographic nonce.

The receiver needs to know which nonce was used by the sender, so some method of synchronizing nonces needs to be used. This can be done by explicitly sending the nonce along with the message and tag, or agreeing upon the use of some other non-repeating value such as a sequence number. The nonce need not be kept secret, but care needs to be taken to ensure that, over the lifetime of a VMAC key, a different nonce is used with each message.

The server should remember nonce values that it has recently generated. It may also remember when each nonce value was issued, expiring them after a certain amount of time. If an expired value is used, the server should respond with the "401" status code and add `stale=TRUE` to the authentication header, indicating that the client should re-send with the new nonce provided, without prompting the user for another username and password. The server does not need to keep any expired nonce values – it can simply assume that any unrecognised values have expired.

AES-GCM-SIV is designed to preserve both privacy and integrity even if nonces are repeated. To accomplish this, encryption is a function of a nonce, the plaintext message, and optional additional associated data (a.k.a. AAD). In the event a nonce is misused (i.e. used more than once), nothing is revealed except in the case that same message is encrypted multiple times with the same nonce.

The result is referred to as HA2. # The MD5 hash of the combined HA1 result, server nonce (nonce), request counter (nc), client nonce (cnonce), quality of protection code (qop) and HA2 result is calculated. The result is the "response" value provided by the client. Since the server has the same information as the client, the response can be checked by performing the same calculation.

A nonce is an arbitrary number used only once in a cryptographic communication, in the spirit of a nonce word. They are often random or pseudo-random numbers. Many nonces also include a timestamp to ensure exact timeliness, though this requires clock synchronisation between organisations. The addition of a client nonce ("cnonce") helps to improve the security in some ways as implemented in digest access authentication.

His desire for redemption is entwined with his desire to win the Nonce Prize.

It is also possible for the server to only allow each nonce value to be returned once, although this forces the client to repeat every request. Note that expiring a server nonce immediately will not work, as the client would never get a chance to use it.

The term is used because such a word is created "for the nonce" (i.e. for the time being, or this once). All nonce words are also neologisms, that is, recent or relatively new words that have not been fully accepted into mainstream or common use.Malmkjaer, Kirsten.

Within more practical applications, nonce orders, invented under the impetus of Neoclassicism, have served as examples of architecture parlante. Several orders, usually simply based upon the Composite order and only varying in the design of the capitals, have been invented under the inspiration of specific occasions, but have not been used again. Thus, they may be termed "nonce orders" on the analogy of nonce words. In 1762, James Adam invented a British order featuring the heraldic lion and unicorn.

RFC 5802 names four consecutive messages between server and client: ; client-first: The client-first message consists of a gs2-header, the desired `username`, and a randomly generated client nonce `cnonce`. ; server-first: The server appends to this client nonce its own nonce `snonce`, and adds it to the server-first message, which also contains a `salt` used by the server for salting the user's password hash, and an iteration count indicator `it`. ; client-final:After that the client sends the client-final message, which contains c-bind-input, the concatenation of the client and the server nonce, and `cproof`. ; server-final : The communication closes with the server-final message, which contains the server proof `sproof`.

Unlike a modern stream cipher (such as those in eSTREAM), RC4 does not take a separate nonce alongside the key. This means that if a single long-term key is to be used to securely encrypt multiple streams, the protocol must specify how to combine the nonce and the long-term key to generate the stream key for RC4. One approach to addressing this is to generate a "fresh" RC4 key by hashing a long-term key with a nonce. However, many applications that use RC4 simply concatenate key and nonce; RC4's weak key schedule then gives rise to related key attacks, like the Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack (which is famous for breaking the WEP standard).

CED 1991, p. 1060. ; nonce : Sex offender, most commonly a child molester. (Prison slang)CED 1991, p. 1061. ; noodle : Brain.

An attacker could take the encrypted information and—without needing to decrypt—could continue to send a particular order to the supplier, thereby ordering products over and over again under the same name and purchase information. The nonce is used to give 'originality' to a given message so that if the company receives any other orders from the same person with the same nonce, it will discard those as invalid orders. A nonce may be used to ensure security for a stream cipher. Where the same key is used for more than one message and then a different nonce is used to ensure that the keystream is different for different messages encrypted with that key; often the message number is used.

In case of a non-random nonce (such as a packet counter), the nonce and counter should be concatenated (e.g., storing the nonce in the upper 64 bits and the counter in the lower 64 bits of a 128-bit counter block). Simply adding or XORing the nonce and counter into a single value would break the security under a chosen-plaintext attack in many cases, since the attacker may be able to manipulate the entire IV–counter pair to cause a collision. Once an attacker controls the IV–counter pair and plaintext, XOR of the ciphertext with the known plaintext would yield a value that, when XORed with the ciphertext of the other block sharing the same IV–counter pair, would decrypt that block.

The Nonce is a beautiful, drowsy island. Most people who visit fall asleep quickly, and dream about the beginning of the world. This implies that the Nonce is the site of that event. It is also notable for its torrential rainstorms, which wreak havoc on the native plants before becoming the water supply of new growth.

No action was taken by the Egypytian FA as they deemed Zamaleks manager a nonce and deserving of the teabag he received.

As a consequence A uses the public key of I instead of using the public key of B to encrypt the messages she intends to send to her bank. Therefore, A sends I her nonce encrypted with the public key of I. I decrypts the message using their private key and contacts B sending it the nonce of A encrypted with the public key of B. B has no way to know that this message was actually sent by I. B responds with their own nonce and encrypts the message with the public key of A. Since I is not in possession of the private key of A they have to relay the message to A without knowing the content. A decrypts the message with her private key and respond with the nonce of B encrypted with the public key of I. I decrypts the message using their private key and is now in possession of nonce A and B. Therefore they can now impersonate the bank and the client respectively.

In the example given above the result is formed as follows, where `MD5()` represents a function used to calculate an MD5 hash, backslashes represent a continuation and the quotes shown are not used in the calculation. Completing the example given in RFC 2617 gives the following results for each step. HA1 = MD5( "Mufasa:[email protected]:Circle Of Life" ) = 939e7578ed9e3c518a452acee763bce9 HA2 = MD5( "GET:/dir/index.html" ) = 39aff3a2bab6126f332b942af96d3366 Response = MD5( "939e7578ed9e3c518a452acee763bce9:\ dcd98b7102dd2f0e8b11d0f600bfb0c093:\ 00000001:0a4f113b:auth:\ 39aff3a2bab6126f332b942af96d3366" ) = 6629fae49393a05397450978507c4ef1 At this point the client may make another request, reusing the server nonce value (the server only issues a new nonce for each "401" response) but providing a new client nonce (cnonce).

Technically, digest authentication is an application of MD5 cryptographic hashing with usage of nonce values to prevent replay attacks. It uses the HTTP protocol.

A four- way handshake is used to establish another key called the Pairwise Transient Key (PTK). The PTK is generated by concatenating the following attributes: PMK, AP nonce (ANonce), STA nonce (SNonce), AP MAC address, and STA MAC address. The product is then put through a pseudo-random function. The handshake also yields the GTK (Group Temporal Key), used to decrypt multicast and broadcast traffic.

Some cryptographic primitives require the IV only to be non-repeating, and the required randomness is derived internally. In this case, the IV is commonly called a nonce (number used once), and the primitives are described as stateful as opposed to randomized. This is because the IV need not be explicitly forwarded to a recipient but may be derived from a common state updated at both sender and receiver side. (In practice, a short nonce is still transmitted along with the message to consider message loss.) An example of stateful encryption schemes is the counter mode of operation, which uses a sequence number as a nonce.

The women stand their ground and begin chanting "Nonce, nonce, nonce..." at Natalie and promise to give her a hard time. When Natalie confesses to being a pedophile, Frances slaps her, just as Colin Hedges (Tristan Surrock) walks into her office. Following a fight with Al McKenzie (Pauline Campbell), in which Natalie stamps on Al with her high heels after Al brandished a straight razor, Natalie manipulates her into thinking that her boyfriend had actually abused the children. She sets up a plan with Bev Tull (Amanda Barrie) and Phyl Oswyn (Stephanie Beacham) to trap Julie Saunders' (Victoria Alcock) hand in a sewing machine, and make it look like an accident.

This is likewise achieved by forcing bitcoin miners to add nonce values to the value being hashed to change the hash algorithm output. As cryptographic hash algorithms cannot easily be predicted based on their inputs, this makes the act of blockchain hashing and the possibility of being awarded bitcoins something of a lottery, where the first "miner" to find a nonce that delivers a desirable hash is awarded bitcoins.

Several orders, usually based upon the composite order and only varying in the design of the capitals, have been invented under the inspiration of specific occasions, but have not been used again. They are termed "nonce orders" by analogy to nonce words; several examples follow below. These nonce orders all express the “speaking architecture” (architecture parlante) that was taught in the Paris courses, most explicitly by Étienne-Louis Boullée, in which sculptural details of classical architecture could be enlisted to speak symbolically, the better to express the purpose of the structure and enrich its visual meaning with specific appropriateness. This idea was taken up strongly in the training of Beaux-Arts architecture, ca 1875–1915.

As security features, Ed25519 does not use branch operations and array indexing steps that depend on secret data, so as to defeat many side channel attacks. Like other discrete- log-based signature schemes, EdDSA uses a secret value called a nonce unique to each signature. In the signature schemes DSA and ECDSA, this nonce is traditionally generated randomly for each signature—and if the random number generator is ever broken and predictable when making a signature, the signature can leak the private key, as happened with the Sony PlayStation 3 firmware update signing key. In contrast, EdDSA chooses the nonce deterministically as the hash of a part of the private key and the message.

Miners grab slices of the DAG to generate mix-hashes using transaction and receipt data, along with a cryptographic nonce to generate a hash below a dynamic target difficulty.

In order to determine if a child does indeed recognize functional morphemes, Gerken conducted an experiment. This experiment was conducted in English and focused on words that were not said, rather than words that were said. She came up with sentences in which weak syllables were used, as well as nonsense (or nonce) words. Variations of the verb pushes was used and then altered to make nonce words like bazes, pusho, and bazo.

An example usage for EPID is to prove that a device is a genuine device. A verifier wishing to know that a part was genuine would ask the part to sign a cryptographic nonce with its EPID key. The part would sign the nonce and also provide a proof that the EPID key was not revoked. The verifier after checking the validity of the signature and proof would know that the part was genuine.

Acknowledging a fall in audience figures, TF1 President Nonce Paolini said that he hoped the re-launch of the show would act as a boost to the channel's audience figures.

Secret nonce values are used by the Lamport signature scheme as a signer-side secret which can be selectively revealed for comparison to public hashes for signature creation and verification.

The Lagans Road # Found Prose 2. Tall Dames # Found Prose 3. Boarders # The Lift # Nonce Words # Stern # Out of this World 1. 'Like Everybody Else...' # Out of this World 2.

Irregular words are those in which no such correspondence exists. Nonwords are those that exhibit the expected orthography of regular words but do not carry meaning, such as nonce words and onomatopoeia.

This new growth takes the form of a rainforest so biologically diverse that there is often little separation between plants and animals. The name "nonce" means "the immediate" or "the moment at hand".

The system used is based on Adam Back's 1997 anti-spam scheme, Hashcash. The PoW requires miners to find a number called a nonce, such that when the block content is hashed along with the nonce, the result is numerically smaller than the network's difficulty target. This proof is easy for any node in the network to verify, but extremely time-consuming to generate, as for a secure cryptographic hash, miners must try many different nonce values (usually the sequence of tested values is the ascending natural numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, ...) before meeting the difficulty target. Every 2,016 blocks (approximately 14 days at roughly 10 min per block), the difficulty target is adjusted based on the network's recent performance, with the aim of keeping the average time between new blocks at ten minutes.

It thus differs from a nonce word, which may never be recorded, may find currency and may be widely recorded, or may appear several times in the work which coins it, and so on.

Although not announced by Bernstein, the security proof of XSalsa20 extends straightforwardly to an analogous XChaCha cipher. Use the key and the first 128 bits of the nonce (in input words 12 through 15) to form a ChaCha input block, then perform the block operation (omitting the final addition). Output words 0–3 and 12–15 (those words corresponding to non-key words of the input) then form the key used for ordinary ChaCha (with the last 64 bits of nonce and 64 bits of block counter).

After World Ultimate came an EP, The Sight Of Things in 1998. In 2005, previously unreleased material from the Nonce was issued in the form of two compilations: Advanced Regression and The Right State of Mind.

A nonce word (also called an occasionalism) is a lexeme created for a single occasion to solve an immediate problem of communication.The Cambridge Encyclopedia of The English Language. Ed. David Crystal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Authentication protocols usually employ a cryptographic nonce as the challenge to ensure that every challenge-response sequence is unique. This protects against a man-in-the-middle attack and subsequent replay attack. If it is impractical to implement a true nonce, a strong cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator and cryptographic hash function can generate challenges that are highly unlikely to occur more than once. It is sometimes important not to use time-based nonces, as these can weaken servers in different time zones and servers with inaccurate clocks.

Subsequently, this made it possible for OpenSSH to avoid any dependency on OpenSSL, via a compile-time option. ChaCha20 is also used for the `arc4random` random number generator in FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and NetBSD operating systems, instead of the broken RC4, and in DragonFly BSD for the CSPRNG subroutine of the kernel. Starting from version 4.8, the Linux kernel uses the ChaCha20 algorithm to generate data for the nonblocking /dev/urandom device. An implementation reference for ChaCha20 has been published in . The IETF's implementation modified Bernstein's published algorithm by changing 64-bit nonce and 64-bit block counter to 96-bit nonce and 32-bit block counter, The name was not changed when the algorithm was modified, as it is cryptographically insignificant (both form what a cryptographer would recognize as a 128-bit nonce), but the interface change could be a source of confusion for developers.

World Ultimate is the first studio album by American hip hop group The Nonce. It was released by American Recordings and Wild West Records on February 28, 1995. "Bus Stops" peaked at number 44 on the Billboard Hot Rap Songs chart.

Formally, this book represents a significant stylistic departure from his first book,Ending with Music. The poems are set up in two columns, like the King James Bible but use traditional formal shapes of English poetry (sonnet, sestina, nonce form).

OCSP can be vulnerable to replay attacks,RFC 6960, section 5, Security Considerations where a signed, 'good' response is captured by a malicious intermediary and replayed to the client at a later date after the subject certificate may have been revoked. OCSP allows a nonce to be included in the request that may be included in the corresponding response. Because of high load, most OCSP responders do not use the nonce extension to create a different response for each request, instead using presigned responses with a validity period of multiple days. Thus, the replay attack is a major threat to validation systems.

The "Great Summons" and the "Summons for the Soul" poetic form (the other kind of "7-plus") varies from this pattern by uniformly using a standard nonce word refrain throughout a given piece, and that alternating stressed and unstressed syllable finals to the lines has become the standard verse form. The nonce word used as a single-syllable refrain in various ancient Chinese classical poems varies: (according to modern pronunciation), "Summons for the Soul" uses xie and the "Great Summons" uses zhi (and the "Nine Pieces" (Jiu Ge) uses xi). Any one of these unstressed nonce words seem to find a similar role in the prosody. This two line combo: :::[first line:] tum tum tum tum; [second line:] tum tum tum ti tends to produce the effect of one, single seven character line with a caesura between the first four syllables and the concluding three stressed syllables, with the addition of a weak nonsense refrain syllable final :::tum tum tum tum [caesura] tum tum tum ti.

AES-GCM-SIV is a mode of operation for the Advanced Encryption Standard which provides similar performance to Galois/Counter Mode as well as misuse resistance in the event of the reuse of a cryptographic nonce. The construction is defined in RFC 8452.

In January 2017, Colilodion schulzi is named "species of the year 2017 of the Swiss Systematics Society", among 153 species described by Swiss researchers during the year 2016. For the nonce, members of the genus Colilodion are designated under the name of "rabbit beetles".

Books, journals, and treatises about a subject also often bear the name of this subject (e.g., the scientific journal Ecology). When appended to other English words, the suffix can also be used humorously to create nonce words (e.g., beerology as "the study of beer").

The GateKeeper (and closely related GateKeeperPassport) authentication mechanisms are SASL authentication mechanisms as defined in the IRCX Drafts. After the introduction of authentication on MSN Chat, Gatekeeper was the only authentication method that the public could use. During the initial handshake, the client would send a packet only containing the 16 byte header to the server, and the server would reply with a header, coupled with a 128 bit Cryptographic nonce. Finally, the client would create a 128 bit cryptographic hash of the nonce received from the server using a secret key, sending this as a subsequent authentication reply after the header, and immediately before a 16 byte GUID.

Sammelband of alchemical treatises printed by Samuel Emmel, ca.1568 Sammelband ( , plural Sammelbände or Sammelbands),ALA ACLR RBMS BSC. Provenance Evidence Terms or sometimes nonce-volume, is a book comprising a number of separately printed or manuscriptBeal, Peter. A Dictionary of English Manuscript Terminology 1450–2000.

Replay protection is provided by already existing mechanisms. Specifically, there is a (per-station, per-key, per-priority) counter for each transmitted frame; this is used as a nonce/initialization vector (IV) in cryptographic encapsulation/decapsulation, and the receiving station ensures that the received counter is increasing.

Wodehouse occasionally creates humorous nonce-compounds, sometimes by adding the word -joy to a noun. This occurs when lip-joy is used to mean '"moustache" in chapter 4. (Similarly, head-joy is used to mean "hats" in chapter 1 of Stiff Upper Lip, Jeeves.)Hall (!974), p. 74.

In December 2010, a group calling itself fail0verflow announced recovery of the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) private key used by Sony to sign software for the PlayStation 3 game console. The attack was made possible because Sony failed to generate a new random nonce for each signature.

In August 2013, it was revealed that bugs in the Java class SecureRandom could generate collisions in the k nonce values used for ECDSA in implementations of Bitcoin on Android. When this occurred the private key could be recovered, in turn allowing stealing Bitcoins from the containing wallet.

Other sources include words as long or longer. Some candidates are questionable on grounds of spelling, pronunciation, or status as obsolete, nonstandard, proper noun, loanword, or nonce word. Thus, the definition of longest English word with one syllable is somewhat subjective, and there is no single unambiguously correct answer.

On 31 July 2008, he resigned as CEO, leaving the job to Nonce Paolini. His salary as CEO in 2008 was estimated at €1,930,000. In July 2012, he was tried in Nanterre for an excessive use of fixed-term contracts as CEO of TF1, and was fined €7500.

VMAC is a MAC in the style of Wegman and Carter. A fast "universal" hash function is used to hash an input message M into a short string. This short string is then combined by addition with a pseudorandom pad, resulting in the VMAC tag. Security depends on the sender and receiver sharing a randomly chosen secret hash function and pseudorandom pad. This is achieved by using keyed hash function H and pseudorandom function F. A tag is generated by performing the computation Tag = HK1(M) + FK2(Nonce) where K1 and K2 are secret random keys shared by sender and receiver, and Nonce is a value that changes with each generated tag.

The requirement of SHSH Blobs in order to install to unsigned iOS versions can be bypassed using a replay attack, by saving blobs while an iOS firmware is still signed and later using them when installing the firmware. Newer iOS versions require more elements, such as a valid nonce, when saving SHSH blobs. Saving blobs for devices using the A12 SoC or newer also requires getting a matching nonce for a generator from a device to save valid blobs that can be used later in a restore. Even with SHSH blobs saved correctly, it is still sometimes not possible to jump to certain iOS versions due to incompatibility of the SEP(Secure Enclave) between versions.

In 2008, Bernstein proposed a variant of Salsa20 with 192-bit nonces called XSalsa20. XSalsa20 is provably secure if Salsa20 is secure, but is more suitable for applications where longer nonces are desired. XSalsa20 feeds the key and the first 128 bits of the nonce into one block of Salsa20 (without the final addition, which may either be omitted, or subtracted after a standard Salsa20 block), and uses 256 bits of the output as the key for standard Salsa20 using the last 64 bits of the nonce and the stream position. Specifically, the 256 bits of output used are those corresponding to the non-secret portions of the input: indexes 0, 5, 10, 15, 6, 7, 8 and 9.

Ideophones are often an open class, though less familiar to English speakers,The Art of Grammar: A Practical Guide, Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, p. 99G. Tucker Childs, "African ideophones", in Sound Symbolism, p. 179 and are often open to nonce words. Typical closed classes are prepositions (or postpositions), determiners, conjunctions, and pronouns.

After the Infanta Isabella's death in 1633 the nunciature fell into abeyance, and in January 1634 Lagonissa returned to Rome.L. Van der Essen, "La situation religieuse aux Pays-Bas en 1634 d'après la relation finale du nonce Fabio de Lagonissa", Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique 24 (1928), pp. 332-363. In 1645 he resigned as archbishop of Conza.

Serengeti-Dorobo (a nonce name) is an obscure "Dorobo" language, a few words of which were recorded in the late 19th century by Oscar Baumann. From the little data available, the language is not obviously related to any other, though the numeral system is Nilotic. It is not the only "Dorobo" language formerly spoken in the Serengeti.

Carlo Caputo Caputo's French signature („+ Mgr. Charles Caputo, Archeveque de Nicomedia, Nonce Apostolique in Baviere“), 1906, from a book about pilgrimage to Altötting. Carlo Caputo (5 November 1843, Naples - 25 September 1908, Naples) was a Roman Catholic priest. He was diocesan bishop of Monopoli and Aversa, then titular bishop of Nikomedia and from 1904 to 1907 apostolic nuncio to the Kingdom of Bavaria.

ONE-NET helps resist a spoofing attack or replay attack by using embedded nonces to ensure unique packets. Cryptographic nonce tracking allows source verification. Security key update rate can be set on a per-system basis to allow greater control of security level - faster key updates increase network security. Programmable “still operational” messages can be used to detect sensor tampering or device failure.

Verbification is sometimes used to create nonce words or joking words. In other cases, simple conversion is involved, as with formations like beer, as in beer me ("give me a beer") and eye, as in eye it ("look at it"). Sometimes, a verbified form can occur with a prepositional particle, e.g., sex as in sex it up ("make it sexier").

Sheppard was also the host of Redwatch, a site used by far right activists that publishes photographs, names, addresses and telephone numbers of anti-racist campaigners from across the political spectrum. Redwatch also contained a section called "Noncewatch" (nonce being English slang for a paedophile) containing details of individuals, including politicians and political activists, whom the site accused of paedophilia.

However, after the end of World War II the drafts of 1944 were discarded and the stations of the Koltsevaya line were completed in the mainstream late stalinist style of the period. Shchusev however, who died in 1949, retained his baroque nonce order. Komsomolskaya remained Shchusev's first and only metro station design. The station was initially planned as a traditional deep pylon type.

Expressive and receptive aphasia are neurological language disorders. Expressive aphasia limits the ability to convey thoughts through the use of speech, language or writing. Receptive aphasia affects a person's ability to comprehend spoken words, causing disordered sentences that have little or no meaning and which can include addition of nonce words. Harry Whitaker states that Alzheimer's disease patients are forgetful of proper names.

The Oxford English Dictionary notes that most cases of -mastix compounds are nonce words. Its earliest example, for English, is musomastix, of the late 16th century; in Latin polemics of that period these formations were common. Besides expressing the idea of a hostile opponent, book titles were formed "in which an idea, person, or class of persons is satirized or denounced".

24, Issue 2 (June 1989), p. 255. In subsequent essays, while not concurring with all the details of Tipler's discussion, Pannenberg has defended the theology of the Omega Point. The term is also occasionally used as a nonce word in parodies or humorous contexts, as by Aldous Huxley in Antic Hay (1923).Aldous Huxley, Antic Hay, Chapter I, third paragraph.

HC-256 has a 256 bit key and an initialization vector (nonce) of 256 bits. Internally, it consists of two secret tables (P and Q). Each table contains 1024 32-bit words. For each state update one 32-bit word in each table is updated using a non-linear update function. After 2048 steps all elements of the tables have been updated.

Because of the reduced block counter, the maximum message length that can be safely encrypted by the IETF's variant is 232 blocks of 64 bytes (256 GiB). For applications where this is not enough, such as file or disk encryption, proposes using the original algorithm with 64-bit nonce. Use of ChaCha20 in IKE and IPsec have been proposed for standardization in .

These prefixes are productive. Michael Quinion notes that most of these formations are nonce words that will never be seen again. He writes that new terms such as "e-health" are unneeded; in this case telemedicine already exists to describe the application of telecommunications to medicine. He similarly points out the redundancy of e-tail, e-commerce, and e-business.

When that happens, an attacker is able to observe repeat encryptions, since encryption is a deterministic function of the nonce and message. However, beyond that, no additional information is revealed to the attacker. For this reason, AES-GCM- SIV is an ideal choice in cases that unique nonces cannot be guaranteed, such as multiple servers or network devices encrypting messages under the same key without coordination.

OCB3, published in 2011, changes again the way offsets are computed and introduces minor performance improvements. OCB mode is listed as an optional method in the IEEE802.11 wireless security standard as an alternative to counter with CBC-MAC mode (CCM). OCB2 is standardized in ISO/IEC19772:2009 and a modified OCB3 in RFC7253. The RFC encodes the tag length into the internally formatted nonce.

The Nonce was a hip-hop duo from Los Angeles, California, that was active in the 1990s (releasing material from 1992 to 1999). As part of the Project Blowed collective, working with Aceyalone, among others, the duo developed a reputation for smooth, jazzy, classy production, complemented by laid-back, smart rhymes (paying homage to the Old School emcees they grew up listening to in the mid-1980s).

A client may already have the required username and password without needing to prompt the user, e.g. if they have previously been stored by a web browser. Typically this is because the user simply entered the address or followed a link to the page. # The server responds with the 401 "Unauthorized" response code, providing the authentication realm and a randomly generated, single-use value called a nonce.

For example, the word dermatology comes from the root dermato plus logy. Sometimes, an excrescence, the addition of a consonant, must be added to avoid poor construction of words. There are additional uses for the suffix such as to describe a subject rather than the study of it (e.g. technology). The suffix is often humorously appended to other English words to create nonce words.

The trusted firmware is then used to implement remote attestation. An untrusted component of an application required to be attested loads the trusted one into memory. The trusted application is protected from modification by untrusted components with hardware. A nonce is requested by the untrusted party from verifier's server, and is used as a part of a cryptographic authentication protocol, proving integrity of the trusted application.

He accompanied Francesco Barberini on his unsuccessful mission to Spain in 1625–26.Raissa Teodori, "Lagonissa, Fabio", Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, vol. 63 (2004). In March 1627 he was appointed papal nuncio to the Southern Netherlands.Lagonissa's correspondence as nuncio has been calendared in the series Analecta Vaticano-Belgica as Correspondance du nonce Fabio de Lagonissa, 1627-1634, edited by Lucienne Van Meerbeeck (Brussels and Rome, 1966).

Securely using a secure synchronous stream cipher requires that one never reuse the same keystream twice. That generally means a different nonce or key must be supplied to each invocation of the cipher. Application designers must also recognize that most stream ciphers provide not authenticity but privacy: encrypted messages may still have been modified in transit. Short periods for stream ciphers have been a practical concern.

For en/decryption processes that require sharing an Initialization Vector (IV) / nonce these are typically, openly shared or made known to the recipient (and everyone else). Its good security policy never to provide the same data in both plaintext and ciphertext when using the same key and IV. Therefore, its recommended (although at this moment without specific evidence) to use separate IVs for each layer of encryption.

In December 2015 and December 2016, a few methods of bypassing `'nonce'` whitelisting origins were published. In January 2016, another method was published, which leverages server-wide CSP whitelisting to exploit old and vulnerable versions of JavaScript libraries hosted at the same server (frequent case with CDN servers). In May 2017 one more method was published to bypass CSP using web application frameworks code.

The actual messages exchanged during the handshake are depicted in the figure and explained below (all messages are sent as EAPOL-Key frames): # The AP sends a nonce-value (ANonce) to the STA together with a Key Replay Counter, which is a number that is used to match each pair of messages sent, and discard replayed messages. The STA now has all the attributes to construct the PTK. # The STA sends its own nonce-value (SNonce) to the AP together with a Message Integrity Code (MIC), including authentication, which is really a Message Authentication and Integrity Code (MAIC), and the Key Replay Counter which will be the same as Message 1, to allow AP to match the right Message 1. # The AP verifies Message 2, by checking MIC, RSN, ANonce and Key Replay Counter Field, and if valid constructs and sends the GTK with another MIC.

In children who spoke French, it was discovered that they acted similarly to the children that spoke English. An experiment was conducted by Rushen Shi and Melanie Lepage on children who spoke Quebec French. They decided to take the French determiner des, meaning 'the', and compare it with the words mes meaning 'my', and kes (a nonce word). The two verbs used were preuve 'proof' and sangle 'saddle'.

Design Faults in the Volvo 760 Turbo: A Manual Bill Bywater recounts the faults of the automobile, all the while failing to live his love life to the full. The Nonce Prize The final story returns to Danny and Tembe from the opening story. Danny is framed for child molestation and murder and is sent to HMP Wandsworth. He eventually finds an outlet in the prison English classes.

In this primal acrostic the words are pictured instead of described. When the seven objects have been rightly guessed and written one below another, the initial letters will spell the surname of a famous man. (published in St. Nicholas Magazine (1873) Elizabeth Kingsley is credited with inventing the puzzle for Saturday Review in 1934, under the name double- crostic. Since then, other nonce words ending in "-crostic" have been used.

CCM mode (Counter with Cipher Block Chaining - Message Authentication Code CBC-MAC) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. It is an authenticated encryption algorithm designed to provide both authentication and confidentiality. CCM mode is only defined for block ciphers with a block length of 128 bits. The nonce of CCM must be carefully chosen to never be used more than once for a given key.

Ténint's handbook mistakenly claimed that the unique, nonce structure of Jean Passerat's 1574 "Villanelle" was an old French form akin to terza rima; the poet Théodore de Banville subsequently "revived" this "Renaissance form," thus helping to create the modern 19-line poetic form called the villanelle. Ténint was placed under house arrest for pederasty in 1851 and thereafter left France for Sweden, where he translated Swedish works into French.

There are two versions of Scream. One of them, Scream-F, reuses the S-boxes from the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) block cipher, while the other, Scream, internally generates new, key-dependent S-boxes as part of the initialization phase. The round function is also based on the AES-round function, but is narrower, 64 bits instead of 128 bits. The cipher uses a 128-bit key and a 128-bit nonce.

Eventually the joke is contained, weaponized, and deployed against Germany during World War II. The sketch appeared in the first episode of the television show Monty Python's Flying Circus ("Whither Canada"), first shown on 5 October 1969. It later appeared in altered forms in several later Python works. The German translation of the joke in the sketch is made of various meaningless, German-sounding nonce words, and so it does not have an English translation.

For subsequent requests, the hexadecimal request counter (nc) must be greater than the last value it used – otherwise an attacker could simply "replay" an old request with the same credentials. It is up to the server to ensure that the counter increases for each of the nonce values that it has issued, rejecting any bad requests appropriately. Obviously changing the method, URI and/or counter value will result in a different response value.

The track "Meet Me on Montrose (For Ex-Lovers Only)" is based on a sample of Alessi Brothers' "Oh Lori" while the track uses a sample from electronic music act Blackbird Blackbird's cover of a Modest Mouse song, "Float On." While his flow was compared to those of RZA, the album's soul music leanings and storytelling were compared to the works of underground hip hop groups such as The Nonce and Natural Elements.

The last of these studies—presently housed at the Art Institute of Chicago—was painted in 1883 and is very close to the final work, except most obviously in respect of its size; it is just 25 cm long and 16 cm high. Seurat was fond of these small studies, calling them his croquetons (a nonce word best translated as ‘sketchettes’), and hanging them on the walls of his studio.Seurat and The Bathers.

Under his direction, the television channel became one of the leaders in Europe. Le Lay signed a contract with Endemol in 2001 to buy all reality shows previously aired by the media company. On 22 May 2007, he relinquished his title of Managing Director to Nonce Paolini. In November 2007, Le Lay won an Emmy Award for Best Television Director. On 27 July 2008, he announced that he would gradually leave TF1.

In his song "Business" from the album The Eminem Show, he makes use of such word-bending to rhyme orange. :Set to blow college dorm rooms doors off the hinges, :Oranges, peach, pears, plums, syringes, :VROOM VROOM! Yeah, here I come, I'm inches, Nonce words are sometimes contrived to rhyme with orange. Composers Charles Fox and Norman Gimbel wrote the song "Oranges Poranges" to be sung by the Witchiepoo character on the television programme H.R. Pufnstuf.

The use of Lapine outside of the fictional world of the novels has been explored by Thomas E. Murray, who notes that the Lapine word "silflay" (meaning "To go above ground to feed. Literally, to feed outside.") has entered the English lexicon as more than a mere nonce word. In a survey Murray found that the term was in use (meaning "the act of rabbits eating above-ground") primarily in the Midwest and North Central United States.

Phil confronts Christian in the pub, and Christian punches Phil when he calls him a "nonce". Phil leaves but later turns up at Christian's flat, smashing it up and hitting Christian with a baseball bat. Ben is forced to tell the truth so Phil leaves. However, Christian is upset with Syed for not trusting him, and when Amira tells Christian that he will be judged by the community, Christian decides to break up with Syed and leave Walford.

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) requires specific names for the symbols and diacritics used in the alphabet. It is often desirable to distinguish an IPA symbol from the sound it is intended to represent, since there is not a one-to-one correspondence between symbol and sound in broad transcription. The symbol's names and phonetic descriptions are described in the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. The symbols also have nonce names in the Unicode standard.

RFC 2069 was later replaced by RFC 2617 (HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication). RFC 2617 introduced a number of optional security enhancements to digest authentication; "quality of protection" (qop), nonce counter incremented by client, and a client-generated random nonce. These enhancements are designed to protect against, for example, chosen-plaintext attack cryptanalysis. If the algorithm directive's value is "MD5" or unspecified, then HA1 is : HA1 = MD5(username:realm:password) If the algorithm directive's value is "MD5-sess", then HA1 is : HA1 = MD5(MD5(username:realm:password):nonce:cnonce) If the qop directive's value is "auth" or is unspecified, then HA2 is : HA2 = MD5(method:digestURI) If the qop directive's value is "auth-int", then HA2 is : HA2 = MD5(method:digestURI:MD5(entityBody)) If the qop directive's value is "auth" or "auth-int", then compute the response as follows: : response = MD5(HA1:nonce:nonceCount:cnonce:qop:HA2) If the qop directive is unspecified, then compute the response as follows: : response = MD5(HA1:nonce:HA2) The above shows that when qop is not specified, the simpler RFC 2069 standard is followed.

Of these, countless trick question variants and obscure English words (or nonce words) have been proposed. The lack of a conclusive answer has ensured the enduring popularity of the puzzle, and it has become one of the most frequently asked word puzzles. The ultimate origin and original form of the puzzle is unknown, but it was popularized in 1975, starting in the New York area, and has remained popular into the 21st century. Various similar puzzles exist, though these have straightforward answers.

A pronunciation respelling is a regular phonetic respelling of a word that has a standard spelling but whose pronunciation according to that spelling may be ambiguous, which is used to indicate the pronunciation of that word. Pronunciation respellings are sometimes seen in word dictionaries. The term should not be confused with pronunciation spelling which is an ad hoc spelling of a word that has no standard spelling. Most of these are nonce words though some have achieved a certain amount of standardized, e.g.

Lenny Kravitz, Common, Ice Cube, Snoop Dogg, will.i.am and Macy Gray reportedly attended the open-mic, while artists such as The Pharcyde, Biz Markie, Fat Joe, Skee-Lo, and Kurupt occasionally performed there. Good Life regulars Rebels of Rhythm and Unity Committee came together to form Jurassic 5. Other Good Life regulars included Freestyle Fellowship, The Righteous Family, Pigeon John, Abstract Rude, Chillin Villain Empire, Rifleman Ellay Khule, Volume 10, Medusa, OMD, Spoon Iodine, Ganjah K, Fat Jack, The Nonce and many others.

The classification of a word as "unpaired" can be problematic, as a word thought to be unattested might reappear in real-world usage or be created, for example, through humorous back-formation. In some cases a paired word does exist, but is quite rare or archaic (no longer in general use). Such words – and particularly the back-formations, used as nonce words – find occasional use in wordplay, particularly light verse. There are a handful of notable examples in modern English.

Ethereum Classic addresses are composed of the prefix "0x", a common identifier for hexadecimal, concatenated with the rightmost 20 bytes of the Keccak-256 hash (big endian) of the ECDSA public key (the curve used is the so-called secp256k1, the same as bitcoin). In hexadecimal, two digits represent a byte, meaning addresses contain 40 hexadecimal digits. An example of an Ethereum Classic address is 0xb794f5ea0ba39494ce839613fffba74279579268. Contract addresses are in the same format, however, they are determined by sender and creation transaction nonce.

CTR mode has similar characteristics to OFB, but also allows a random access property during decryption. CTR mode is well suited to operate on a multi-processor machine where blocks can be encrypted in parallel. Furthermore, it does not suffer from the short-cycle problem that can affect OFB. If the IV/nonce is random, then they can be combined together with the counter using any invertible operation (concatenation, addition, or XOR) to produce the actual unique counter block for encryption.

Ethereum addresses are composed of the prefix "0x", a common identifier for hexadecimal, concatenated with the rightmost 20 bytes of the Keccak-256 hash (big endian) of the ECDSA public key (the curve used is the so-called secp256k1, the same as Bitcoin). In hexadecimal, 2 digits represent a byte, meaning addresses contain 40 hexadecimal digits. An example of an Ethereum address is 0xb794f5ea0ba39494ce839613fffba74279579268. Contract addresses are in the same format, however, they are determined by sender and creation transaction nonce.

The Greek term is explicitly coined by Josephus and isn't attested elsewhere in Ancient Greek; Josephus marks it as a nonce coinage by calling it a "strained expression". W. Whiston tr. Josephus, Against Apion ii. §17 (1814) IV. 340: "He [Moses] ordained our government to be what, by a strained expression, may be termed a Theocracy", translating Taken literally, theocracy means rule by God or gods and refers primarily to an internal "rule of the heart", especially in its biblical application.

In October 2017 security researchers Mathy Vanhoef (imec-DistriNet, KU Leuven) and Frank Piessens (imec-DistriNet, KU Leuven) published their paper "Key Reinstallation Attacks: Forcing Nonce Reuse in WPA2" (KRACK). This paper also listed a vulnerability of common 802.11r implementations and registered the CVE identifier CVE-2017-13082. On August 4th, 2018 researcher Jens Steube (of Hashcat) described a new technique to crack WPA PSK (Pre-Shared Key) passwords that he states will likely work against all 802.11i/p/q/r networks with roaming functions enabled.

NIST maintains a list of proposed modes for block ciphers at Modes Development. Disk encryption often uses special purpose modes specifically designed for the application. Tweakable narrow-block encryption modes (LRW, XEX, and XTS) and wide-block encryption modes (CMC and EME) are designed to securely encrypt sectors of a disk (see disk encryption theory). Many modes use an initialization vector (IV) which, depending on the mode, may have requirements such as being only used once (a nonce) or being unpredictable ahead of its publication, etc.

1987) He helped defend Asgard against the forces of Seth.Thor #393 (July 1988) Fandral once set off on a mission to repair mischief done by Loki, and to rescue Mord, a groomsman vital to the security of Asgard. During this, on the Isle of Freya, the Norse Goddess of Love, he learns that his womanizing ways have deeply hurt many women, driving even the latest to near suicide. He is overcome by great shame and declares to Freya, 'for the nonce, I have forsworn philandering'.

Closed-loop authentication, as applied to computer network communication, refers to a mechanism whereby one party verifies the purported identity of another party by requiring them to supply a copy of a token transmitted to the canonical or trusted point of contact for that identity. It is also sometimes used to refer to a system of mutual authentication whereby two parties authenticate one another by signing and passing back and forth a cryptographically signed nonce, each party demonstrating to the other that they control the secret key used to certify their identity.

In 1990, after their high school graduation, the Nonce began recording its first album. This album would however go unreleased (due to creative differences with their production company) until the master recordings were rediscovered in 2017. The following year, the album was finally released, appropriately titled 1990. In 1992, the duo signed with Wild West Records and released its first single, “The Picnic Song,” but it was to be nearly two more years because of internal wrangling with the label until the duo would release its biggest single to date, “Mixtapes,” in 1994.

For example, la reĝunto is "the man who would be king"; a hakuta arbo is "a tree that would be chopped down" (if it weren't spiked, etc.). However, while these forms are readily recognized, they are uncommon. Similarly, a nonce active participle with gnomic tense has been created by analogy with existing pairs of noun and verb such as prezidento "president" and prezidi "to preside", and the resulting participles prezidanto "one who is (currently) presiding", etc. There is no passive equivalent apart from the inchoative suffix -iĝi mentioned above.

The attack targets the four-way handshake used to establish a nonce (a kind of "shared secret") in the WPA2 protocol. The standard for WPA2 anticipates occasional WiFi disconnections, and allows reconnection using the same value for the third handshake (for quick reconnection and continuity). Because the standard does not require a different key to be used in this type of reconnection, which could be needed at any time, a replay attack is possible. An attacker can repeatedly re-send the third handshake of another device's communication to manipulate or reset the WPA2 encryption key.

Digest access authentication was originally specified by RFC 2069 (An Extension to HTTP: Digest Access Authentication). RFC 2069 specifies roughly a traditional digest authentication scheme with security maintained by a server-generated nonce value. The authentication response is formed as follows (where HA1 and HA2 are names of string variables): : HA1 = MD5(username:realm:password) HA2 = MD5(method:digestURI) response = MD5(HA1:nonce:HA2) A MD5 hash is a 16-byte value. The HA1 and HA2 values used in the computation of the response are the hexadecimal representation (in lowercase) of the MD5 hashes respectively.

WPA-PSK can be attacked when the PSK is shorter than 21 characters. Firstly, the four-way EAP Over LAN (EAPOL) handshake must be captured. This can be captured during a legitimate authentication, or a reauthentication can be forced by sending deauthentication packets to clients. Secondly, each word of a word-list must be hashed with the Hashed Message Authentication Code – Secure Hash Algorithm 1 and two so called nonce values, along with the MAC address of the client that asked for authentication and the MAC address of the access point that gave authentication.

"The Joker" is a song by the Steve Miller Band from their 1973 album The Joker. It is one of two Steve Miller Band songs that feature the nonce word "pompatus". The song topped the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1974. More than 16 years later, in September 1990, it reached number one in the UK Singles Chart for two weeks after being used in "Great Deal", a Hugh Johnson-directed television advertisement for Levi's, thus holding the record for the longest gap between transatlantic chart-toppers.

Natalie arrives at Larkhall with tough talking prostitute Frances Allen. Natalie herself is a meek school teacher who has been arrested for fraud. As she arrives on G-Wing, word gets around that Natalie is a nonce (prison slang for child molester), so the other prisoners begin picking on her, but Frances protects her. When she asks Frances to make a phone call for her, this results in a truck being pulled over and a number of refugee children are discovered inside, set to be sold as sex slaves.

Phelix is a high-speed stream cipher with a built-in single-pass message authentication code (MAC) functionality, submitted in 2004 to the eSTREAM contest by Doug Whiting, Bruce Schneier, Stefan Lucks, and Frédéric Muller. The cipher uses only the operations of addition modulo 232, exclusive or, and rotation by a fixed number of bits. Phelix uses a 256-bit key and a 128-bit nonce, claiming a design strength of 128 bits. Concerns have been raised over the ability to recover the secret key if the cipher is used incorrectly.

Morph Kiddizase is a plasticine-like kid animated by Tony Hart on Take Hart (from 1977) and Hartbeat (from 1984). He appears on a programme that DI Alex Drake is watching in 1982 as she perceives her body being defibrulated in 2008. In Hartbeat, some characters rename him as Kiddizase, making his full name Morph Kiddizase. The analogous characters in Life on Mars are the stop-motion animated versions of Sam Tyler, Gene Hunt and a random nonce, in Sam's drug-induced Camberwick Green hallucination in episode 2.5.

Wolfswinkel is a magician dwelling on the island of Ninnyhammer; formerly one of six magicians based on the Nonce before his vow of loyalty to Christopher Carrion, on whose orders Wolfswinkel murdered his colleagues. Because their magical powers were set into the hats they wore, Wolfswinkel must wear all these hats simultaneously when working magic. Wearing these hats, he is able to perform several feats of psychokinesis, including manipulation of objects, ignition of fires, and the creation of artificial life. Upon the removal of the hats, he loses control of his magic.

It generates one 32-bit word for each update step using a 32-bit to 32-bit mapping function similar to the output function of the Blowfish cipher. Finally a linear bit-masking function is applied to generate an output word. It uses the two message schedule functions in the hash function SHA-256 internally, but with the tables P and Q as S-boxes. HC-128 is similar in function, and reduces each of key length, nonce, number of words in the tables P and Q, and number of table updating steps by half.

There is a replay attack against the basic access control protocol that allows an individual passport to be traced. The attack is based on being able to distinguish a failed nonce check from a failed MAC check and works against passports with randomized unique identifiers and hard to guess keys. The basic access control mechanism has been criticized as offering too little protection from unauthorized interception. Researchers claim that because there are only limited numbers of passport issued, many theoretically possible passport numbers will not be in use in practice.

Slim Gaillard (behind) and Slam Stewart Slim & Slam was a musical partnership in the late 1930s and early 1940s consisting of Bulee "Slim" Gaillard (vocals, guitar, vibes and piano) and Leroy Elliott "Slam" Stewart (bass and vocals). They produced novelty jazz numbers featuring Slim's distinctive vocal style with vocalese and scats, hipster argot and nonce words. Sam Allen played piano and Pompey "Gus" Dobson played drums on most of their early recordings. Their biggest hits were "Flat Foot Floogie (with a Floy Floy)", "Cement Mixer (Puti Puti)" and "The Groove Juice Special (Opera in Vout)".

Many cache poisoning attacks against DNS servers can be prevented by being less trusting of the information passed to them by other DNS servers, and ignoring any DNS records passed back which are not directly relevant to the query. For example, versions of BIND 9.5.0-P1 and above perform these checks. Source port randomization for DNS requests, combined with the use of cryptographically secure random numbers for selecting both the source port and the 16-bit cryptographic nonce, can greatly reduce the probability of successful DNS race attacks.

Available via ProQuest. Ralph Partridge congratulated the newcomer Bolingbroke Johnson for devising a new murder motive, but found the novel uneven and amateurish.Ralph Partridge, "Detection" (review of The Widening Stain and nine other crime novels), The New Statesman and Nation, 27 March 1943, pp. 211–212. Available via ProQuest. Bishop expressed some regret about the book, inscribing a copy within Cornell's library: > A cabin in northern Wisconsin Is what I would be for the nonce in, To be rid > of the pain Of The Widening Stain And W. Bolingbroke Johnson. Bishop's authorship was discreetly acknowledged in a 1976 reprint of the book.

They find a radiation source that seems to be responsible for the change and which may have also changed the lathsmer embryos that they are carrying. For the nonce, until they can solve the mystery of the dead man and the radiation source, they put the brachs and the lathsmers into Solar Queen's lifeboat and Dane, astrogator Rip Shannon and engineer Ali Kamil land it on Trewsworld away from the starport to wait. The usually bird-like lathsmers are hatching and looking more like dragons. They manage to escape into the wild and Dane and Ali go looking for them.

Alice can generate a valid MicroID for a document Y, not equal to X, in Bob's name). Assuming the identity is not known (e.g. 1) the publisher has chosen to remain anonymous and 2) denies others the ability to verify the MicroID claim until a time in the future when he or she reveals her identity) then someone with email addresses can perform a trivial dictionary attack to find ownership of resources, someone with a URI can perform a trivial dictionary attack to find an email address. So the (only) remaining usecase is where an entity generates a strong cryptographic nonce (e.g.

It can also be important to use time-based nonces and synchronized clocks if the application is vulnerable to a delayed message attack. This attack occurs where an attacker copies a transmission whilst blocking it from reaching the destination, allowing them to replay the captured transmission after a delay of their choosing. This is easily accomplished on wireless channels. The time- based nonce can be used to limit the attacker to resending the message but restricted by an expiry time of perhaps less than one second, likely having no effect upon the application and so mitigating the attack.

While the average work required increases in inverse proportion to the difficulty target, a hash can always be verified by executing a single round of double SHA-256. For the bitcoin timestamp network, a valid proof of work is found by incrementing a nonce until a value is found that gives the block's hash the required number of leading zero bits. Once the hashing has produced a valid result, the block cannot be changed without redoing the work. As later blocks are chained after it, the work to change the block would include redoing the work for each subsequent block.

A common approach to prevent predictable serial number attacks is to use a cryptographic hash function such as SHA-2 to generate the actual serial numbers. Internally, the issuing organization creates a (pseudo-)random nonce as a salt for generating the serial numbers, and keeps it secret. The issuer increments their internal serial number and appends it to the salt, and the computed message digest is used to create the actual serial number. The issuer does have to take care to prevent collisions between existing values so as not to wrongly issue two identical serial numbers.

Phelix was selected as a Phase 2 Focus Candidate for both Profile 1 and Profile 2 by the eSTREAM project. The authors of Phelix classify the cipher as an experimental design in its specifications. The authors advise that Phelix should not be used until it had received additional cryptanalysis. Phelix was not advanced"eSTREAM Short Report on the End of the Second Phase" to Phase 3, largely because of Wu and Preneel's key- recovery attack"Differential-Linear Attacks against the Stream Cipher Phelix" noted below that becomes possible when the prohibition against reusing a nonce is violated.

In Card's opinion, such nonce words simply do not work. Ruth Wajnryb shares this opinion, stating that tanj or flarn do not work as profanities because they are not real, and are "just a futile attempt to give clean-cut stories some foul-mouthed action". Jes Battis observes, in contrast, that the use of frell and dren in Farscape allowed the television series to get away with dialogue that would normally never have made it past broadcasting and network censorship. The words are respectively equivalent to fuck and shit and are used as both interjections and nouns in the series.

Kelly signed a permanent contract with talkSPORT in early August to front the same slot during the regular football season. Kelly often remarks that he played football in his youth on Hackney Marshes. His current show is The Full Time Phone-In every Saturday night from 19:30 to 22:00 in case no sporting events are going on; and Trans-Euro Express every Sunday night from 20:00 to 22:00 (a program rounding up the European football actions). Danny Kelly referred to Rafael Benitez as a 'nonce' live on air during a Talk Sport broadcast on 8 January 2011.

An IPA symbol is often distinguished from the sound it is intended to represent, since there is not necessarily a one-to-one correspondence between letter and sound in broad transcription, making articulatory descriptions such as "mid front rounded vowel" or "voiced velar stop" unreliable. While the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association states that no official names exist for its symbols, it admits the presence of one or two common names for each."...the International Phonetic Association has never officially approved a set of names..." (International Phonetic Association, Handbook, p. 31) The symbols also have nonce names in the Unicode standard.

The nonce form of the latter poem was eventually imitated by many nineteenth- and twentieth-century poets. Passerat's exact share in the Satire Ménippée (Tours, 1594), the great manifesto of the politique or Moderate Royalist party when it had declared itself for Henry of Navarre, is unknown; but it is agreed that he wrote most of the verse, and the harangue of the guerrilla chief Rieux is sometimes attributed to him. The famous Sur la journée de Senlis, which commends the duc d'Aumale's ability in running away, is one of the most celebrated political songs in French. Towards the end of his life Passerat became blind.

EAX is a flexible nonce-using two-pass AEAD scheme with no restrictions on block cipher primitive to be used, nor on block size, and supports arbitrary-length messages. Authentication tag length is arbitrarily sizeable up to the used cipher's block size. The block cipher primitive is used in CTR mode for encryption and as OMAC for authentication over each block through the EAX composition method, that may be seen as a particular case of a more general algorithm called EAX2 and described in The EAX Mode of Operation The reference implementation in the aforementioned paper uses AES in CTR mode for encryption combined with AES OMAC for authentication.

The 8 November 1890 issue of The Whirlwind was the last to carry Erskine's name on the letterhead. Issues from 20 onwards appeared with his name crossed-out and were produced solely by Vivian. Erskine's absence from the paper was briefly note in that issue: "Our colleague has, for the nonce, been called from us. While duly deploring the discontinuance of his collaboration, we feel so deeply the importance of what is before him that we refrain from further regret and wish him Godspeed upon his delicate mission, in the full confidence that his brilliant success will shed additional lustre upon our own triumphs during his absence".

Both ciphers are built on a pseudorandom function based on add-rotate-XOR (ARX) operations — 32-bit addition, bitwise addition (XOR) and rotation operations. The core function maps a 256-bit key, a 64-bit nonce, and a 64-bit counter to a 512-bit block of the key stream (a Salsa version with a 128-bit key also exists). This gives Salsa20 and ChaCha the unusual advantage that the user can efficiently seek to any position in the key stream in constant time. Salsa20 offers speeds of around 4–14 cycles per byte in software on modern x86 processors, and reasonable hardware performance.

Like Galois/Counter Mode, AES-GCM-SIV combines the well-known counter mode of encryption with the Galois mode of authentication. The key feature is the use of a synthetic initialization vector which is computed with Galois field multiplication using a construction called POLYVAL (a little-endian variant of Galois/Counter Mode's GHASH). The POLYVAL is run over the combination of nonce, plaintext, and additional data, so that the IV is different for each combination. POLYVAL is defined over GF(2128) by the polynomial: : x^{128} + x^{127} + x^{126} + x^{121} + 1 Note that GHASH is defined over the "reverse" polynomial: : x^{128} + x^7 + x^2 + x + 1 This change provides efficiency benefits on little-endian architectures.

Despite denying all of the accusations against her, Angela is charged with the murder of Matthew and two of her other children, Gemma and Jason, who died in 1989 and 1991 respectively. The case is taken to court, and Angela is represented by defence lawyer Bill Bache (Ian McNeice), who is convinced that the jury cannot possibly find her guilty due to a lack of corroborative evidence and eyewitness testimony. Despite this, Angela is found guilty on two counts of murder (the other count, of Gemma's murder, is dropped before the trial begins). Angela goes to prison and faces daily abuse from her fellow inmates, who label her a 'nonce' and a 'baby killer'.

Cydia caches the digital signatures called SHSH blobs used by Apple to verify restores of iOS (which Apple uses to limit users to only installing the latest version of iOS). Cydia's storage mechanism enables users to downgrade a device to a prior version of iOS by means of a replay attack. This means, for example, that a person with a jailbroken device who upgrades to a non- jailbreakable version of iOS can choose to downgrade back to a jailbreakable version. iOS 5.0 and later versions of iOS implement an addition to the SHSH system, a random number (a cryptographic nonce) in the "APTicket", making it more difficult to perform a replay attack, and thus more difficult to downgrade.

Elephant statues on the outer wall Cannon outside the entrance Jaipur Column There were also statues of elephants and fountain sculptures of cobras, as well as the bas-reliefs around the base of the Jaipur Column, made by British sculptor, Charles Sargeant Jagger. from west with north block at Rashtrapati Bhawan The column has a "distinctly peculiar crown on top, a glass star springing out of bronze lotus blossom". There were pierced screens in red sandstone, called jalis or jaalis,Inan, 101 inspired by Rajasthani designs. The front of the palace, on the east side, has twelve unevenly spaced massive columns with the Delhi Order capitals, a "nonce order" Lutyens invented for this building, with Ashokan details.

In 2001, a new and surprising discovery was made by Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir: over all the possible RC4 keys, the statistics for the first few bytes of output keystream are strongly non-random, leaking information about the key. If the nonce and long-term key are simply concatenated to generate the RC4 key, this long-term key can be discovered by analysing a large number of messages encrypted with this key. This and related effects were then used to break the WEP ("wired equivalent privacy") encryption used with 802.11 wireless networks. This caused a scramble for a standards-based replacement for WEP in the 802.11 market, and led to the IEEE 802.11i effort and WPA.

Leon IV began writing graffiti in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1995, at the age of 15. He was attracted to the traditional uses of spray paint, markers, wild style lettering and black-book culture as first developed by graffiti writers in Philadelphia and New York City a quarter of a century earlier. Leon IV chose VERBS as his tag (graffiti identity) by watching a video by underground hip-hop group The Nonce. "I saw this fat guy rapping on T.V.... he had a big black sweatshirt that read "VERBS" in the middle of it...I badly needed a name and for some reason it seemed to have the right feel " He said in conversation.

Fabio Brulart de Sillery Fabio Brulart de Sillery (25 October 1655, château de Pressigny – 20 November 1714, Paris) was a French churchman, bishop of Avranches and bishop of Soissons.Inventaire, lecture, invention: mélanges de critique et d'histoire. Bernard Beugnot, Jacinthe Martel, Jacques Allard - 1999 "Fabio Brûlart de Sillery (1655–1714) devait son prénom au pape Alexandre VII, Fabio Chigi, dont le nonce Piccolomini l'avait tenu sur les fonts .." Great grandson of Henri de Montmorency and godson of Pope Alexander VII to whom he owes his Italian surname, he studied ancient Greek and Hebrew and received the title of doctor aged only 26. Député to the assembly of the clergy in 1685, he became bishop of Avranches in 1689, then of Soissons from 1692 to 1714.

Early implementations of the GateKeeper authentication mechanism did not create a barrier to entry, as the authentication API that Microsoft had created was available to other program developers. After some time, Microsoft removed the ability for developers to use/see the API that had been embedded in the MSN Chat Control, and it can be safely assumed from this time that Microsoft wanted access to be from the official chat control only. The GateKeeper authentication made an appearance in the WebTV/MSNTV client. It was quickly realised that it was also possible to connect by creating a proxy that would load the MSN Chat Control temporarily as required, relaying nonce and hashes between the server and control, before closing the chat control.

Suspended for the nonce on the arms of the trolley, Olive unwittingly makes a path for Popeye between her spread and spindly legs. On, on he speeds; falls the trolley and Olive rolls on, out into the busy street, falling on her face in the midst of traffic. Popeye notices mid-roll that Olive is well behind him; the strong seaman forces a turn just as he is about to fly off a short, wooden dock. Olive feebly tries to stand as a car taps her rear end and sends her soaring into the revolving door of "Lacy and Co." department store, which sends a great lady-patron flying out the door and her packages out of her hands and into the air.

Pompatus (or Pompitus) () is a nonce word coined by Steve Miller famously in his 1973 hit single "The Joker". The word is probably a corruption or imagined version of the word "puppetuse", an original coinage of the 14-year-old Vernon Green, and subsequently released in 1954 as the doo-wop song "The Letter" performed by him and The Medallions -- a song which also included another original coinage, "pismotality." In other songs, "Enter Maurice" and "The Conversation," Miller adds the word "epismetology" to "pompatus," one in spoken word, the style of "The Letter," in a likely homage to The Medallions' song. The oddness of the word "pompatus" occasioned some attention and further use, including being used in the title of a movie.

Image on Berlin Painter's Name vase Virgin and Child in a Landscape, the Master of the Embroidered Foliage 1492-1498. Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minneapolis In art history, a Notname (, "necessity-name" or "contingency- name") is an invented name given to an artist whose identity has been lost. The practice arose from the need to give such artists and their typically untitled, or generically titled works, an acceptable if unsatisfactory grouping, avoiding confusion when cataloging. The phrases provisional name, name of convenience and emergency names are sometimes used to describe anonymous masters; nonce name was at one time used. The practice of using generic names for unidentified artists is most common in the study of art of the antiquity, especially of the Roman era or with artists of the Northern Renaissance until about 1430.

Peers in the network vote on cryptographic hash functions of preserved content and a nonce; a peer that is outvoted regards its copy as damaged and repairs it from the publisher or other peers. The LOCKSS license used by most publishers allows a library's readers access to its own copy, but does not allow similar access to other libraries or unaffiliated readers; the system does not support file sharing. On request, a library may supply another library with content to effect a repair, but only if the requesting library proved that in the past that it had a good copy by voting with the majority. If the reader's browser no longer supports the format in which the copy was collected, a format migration process can convert it to a current format.

In contrast to hashcash in mail applications that relies on recipients to set manually an amount of work intended to deter malicious senders, the bitcoin cryptocurrency network employs a different hashing-based proof-of-work challenge to enable competitive bitcoin mining. A bitcoin miner runs a computer program that collects unconfirmed transactions from coin dealers in the network. With other data these can form a block and earn a payment to the miner, but a block is accepted by the network only when the miner discovers by trial and error a "nonce" number that when included in the block yields a hash with a sufficient number of leading zero bits to meet the network's difficulty target. Blocks accepted from miners form the bitcoin blockchain that is a growing ledger of every bitcoin transaction since the coin's first creation.

They advanced as far as Muirthemne and Dundalk and from that position demanded hostages and sureties from the sons of Hugo and Aed O Neill. But he moved out with his Galls and Gaels, and they posted themselves in parties on the passes of Sliab Fuaid and the doorways of Emain and Fid Conaille and challenged attack in these positions. But the Galls of Ireland, when they saw they were to have protection, determined to make peace and settlement with William [de Lacy] and the Earls and to accept the award of the King of England as to the conditions of peace: so they disbanded and left their positions without having extracted terms or tribute from Aed O Neill for the nonce." "Aed mac Cathail Chrobdeirg marched with a great force to the castle of Ard Abla in Tethba.

Since much cryptography depends on a cryptographically secure random number generator for key and cryptographic nonce generation, if a random number generator can be made predictable, it can be used as backdoor by an attacker to break the encryption. The NSA is reported to have inserted a backdoor into the NIST certified cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator Dual EC DRBG. If for example an SSL connection is created using this random number generator, then according to Matthew Green it would allow NSA to determine the state of the random number generator, and thereby eventually be able to read all data sent over the SSL connection. Even though it was apparent that Dual_EC_DRBG was a very poor and possibly backdoored pseudorandom number generator long before the NSA backdoor was confirmed in 2013, it had seen significant usage in practice until 2013, for example by the prominent security company RSA Security.

There is a tense atmosphere with Marriot saying he had a bad experience with people from Edinburgh (presumably Sick Boy and Renton) and his more menacing boss, Gal, intimidating the nervous Russell, who makes the deal, but then, though badly fatigued, is compelled by Seeker to drive straight back to Edinburgh with the drugs. 58\. Junk Dilemmas 4 – Narrated by Renton, who first postulates his strengths before conceding to his weakness in the face of heroin. 59\. Soft Cell – Narrated by Begbie from prison, who laments that he has brutally assaulted the wrong man when Renton asked him to do over a prison nonce, (whom we subsequently learn is Hazel's father.) Nevertheless, Franco's guilt isn’t that great as he contends that everyone will be able to have a drink and a laugh about it later. 60\. Notes on an Epidemic 7 – Third person, Lothian Health Board HIV list No.2.

Closed-loop email authentication is useful for simple i another, as a weak form of identity verification. It is not a strong form of authentication in the face of host- or network-based attacks (where an imposter, Chuck, is able to intercept Bob's email, intercepting the nonce and thus masquerading as Bob.) A use of closed-loop email authentication is used by parties with a shared secret relationship (for example, a website and someone with a password to an account on that website), where one party has lost or forgotten the secret and needs to be reminded. The party still holding the secret sends it to the other party at a trusted point of contact. The most common instance of this usage is the "lost password" feature of many websites, where an untrusted party may request that a copy of an account's password be sent by email, but only to the email address already associated with that account.

King Leopold II bestowed the order upon notable Belgian artists, generals and clergy. His successors continued to bestow the Order; between the thousands of recipients are some famous people like Porfirio Díaz, Pope Leo XIII,granted in 1846, Nonce Apostolique in Belgium Mohamed Ennaceur, Eugène Scribe, Alfred Belpaire, Victor Horta, Joseph Geefs, Gustave Van de Woestijne, Raymond Poincaré, Constant Permeke, Henry Morton Stanley, Lou Tseng-Tsiang, Amschel Mayer Rothschild, Emile Claus, Fernand Khnopff, Paul Saintenoy, Joseph Jongen, Eugène Ysaÿe, Alfred Bastien, William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Antonio López de Santa Anna, Thomas Vinçotte, Mgr. Rafael Merry del Val, John Browning, James Blyth, 1st Baron Blyth, Brand Whitlock, Charles Lindbergh, George S. Patton, Bernard Montgomery, Dwight Eisenhower, Wesley Clark, Charles de Gaulle, Mstislav Rostropovich, Count Kiyoura Keigo, Count Jacques Rogge, Prince Fulco Ruffo di Calabria and Prince Emmanuel de Merode. At the end of World War I, the order became internationally recognised for its famous members.

Actes, 381 Le Cardinal Maglione au nonce a Vichy Valeri May 26, 1942 The Papal nuncio was appointed as Nuncio to Poland as well, a step which the German government could not object to, since he was already accredited. However, his protests notes and interventions, were not even accepted by the German Secretary of State Ernst von Weizsäcker, an SS officer, who informed the nuncio, that Poland is outside the geographical area of the Reichskonkordat, and therefore not his business.. Germany took the same position for other annexed territories and Austria. Attempts by German clerics to improve the Polish situation by including the annexed Polish territory into German hierarchical jurisdiction,Actes III, 398 L'administrateur apostolique Breitinger au pape Pie XII, July 20, 1942. and thus make it de facto subject to the protective measures of the Reichskonkordat, were rejected by both the Vatican and the Polish government in exile as a de facto recognition of the German annexation.

Comments on Dual-EC-DRBG/NIST SP 800-90 Dual_EC_DRBG was quite slow compared to many alternative CSPRNGs (which don't have security reductions), but Daniel R.L. Brown argues that the security reduction makes the slow Dual_EC_DRBG a valid alternative (assuming implementors disable the obvious backdoor). Note that Daniel R.L. Brown works for Certicom, the main owner of elliptic curve cryptography patents, so there may be a conflict of interest in promoting an EC CSPRNG. The alleged NSA backdoor would allow the attacker to determine the internal state of the random number generator from looking at the output from a single round (32 bytes); all future output of the random number generator can then easily be calculated, until the CSPRNG is reseeded with an external source of randomness. This makes for example SSL/TLS vulnerable, since the setup of a TLS connection includes the sending of a randomly generated cryptographic nonce in the clear.

Wanda Raiford observes that the use of the nonce word frak in both Battlestar Galactica series is "an indispensable part of the naturalistic tone that show strives to achieve", noting that it, and toaster (a racial epithet for Cylons), allow the show to use obscene and racialist dialogue that no real-life educated American adult would consider using the real-life equivalents of in polite company. She compares the racial hatred associated with the use of nigger (an utterance of which she states to have preceded and accompanied "every lynching of a black person in America") to the racial hatred of the Cylons, by the humans, that the use of such phrases as frakking toasters indicates in the series. She also observes that several of the characters, including Gaius Baltar, are frakking toaster lovers. In the series of Star Trek: New Frontier novels by Peter David, the principal protagonist, Captain Mackenzie Calhoun, frequently utters the word grozit, a curse from his home world of Xenex.

According to Ghil'ad Zuckermann, the Israeli periphrastic construction (using auxiliary verbs followed by a noun) is employed here for the desire to express swift action, and stems from Yiddish. He compares the Israeli periphrasis to the following Yiddish expressions all meaning “to have a look”: (1) ‘’gébņ a kuk’’, which literally means “to give a look” (2) ‘’ton a kuk’’, which literally means “to do a look” (3) the colloquial expression ‘’khapņ a kuk’’, which literally means “to catch a look”. Zuckermann emphasizes that the Israeli periphrastic constructions “are not nonce, ad hoc lexical calques of Yiddish. The Israeli system is productive and the lexical realization often differs from that of Yiddish”. He provides the following Israeli examples: hirbíts “hit, beat; gave”, yielded ‘’hirbíts mehirút’’ “drove very fast” ( ‘’mehirút’’ meaning “speed”), and ‘’hirbíts arukhá’’ “ate a big meal” ( ‘’arukhá’’ meaning “meal”), cf. English ‘’hit the buffet’’ “eat a lot at the buffet”; ‘’hit the liquor/bottle’’ “drink alcohol”. The Israeli Hebrew periphrasis ‘’dafák hofaá’’, which literally means “hit an appearance”, actually means “dressed smartly”.

For iOS 3 and 4, SHSH blobs were made of static keys (such as the device type, iOS version, and ECID), which meant that the SHSH blobs for a specific iOS version and device would be the same upon every restore. To subvert that system using a man-in-the-middle attack, server requests the unique SHSH blobs from Apple for the jailbroken device and caches those SHSH blobs on servers, so that if a user changes the hosts file on a computer to redirect the SHSH blobs check to cache instead of Apple's servers, iTunes would be tricked into checking those cached SHSH blobs and allowing the device to be restored to that version. iOS 5 and later versions of iOS implement an addition to this system, a random number (a cryptographic nonce) in the "APTicket", making that simple replay attack no longer effective. First released in 2009, TinyUmbrella is a tool for finding information about SHSH blobs saved on third party servers, saving SHSH blobs locally, and running a local server to replay SHSH blobs to trick iTunes into restoring older devices to iOS 3 and 4.

The Music Bureau greatly flourished during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han,Birrell, 5–6 who has been widely cited to have founded the Music Bureau in 120 BCE;Birrell, 7 however, it seems more likely that there was already a long-standing office of music and that Emperor Wu enlarged its size as part of his governmental reorganization, changing its scope and function and possibly renaming it and thus seeming to have established a new institution. The stated tasks of this institution were apparently to collect popular songs from different and adapt and orchestrate these, as well as to develop new material.Birrell, 6–7 Emperor Wu's Music Bureau not only collected folk songs and ballads from where they originated throughout the country, but also collected songs reportedly based on Central Asian tunes or melodies, with new lyrics which were written to harmonize with the existing tunes, and characterized by varying line lengths and the incorporation of various nonce words.Watson, 53 In any case, he is widely held to have used the Music Bureau as an important part of his religious innovations and to have specifically commissioned Sima Xiangru to write poetry.

In the episode, Collins endorsed a hoax anti-paedophile campaign wearing a T-shirt with the words "Nonce Sense" and warned children against speaking to suspicious people. Collins was reported by the BBC to have consulted lawyers regarding the programme, which was originally pulled from broadcast but eventually rescheduled. Collins said he had taken part in the programme "in good faith for the public benefit", believing it to be "a public service programme that would be going around schools and colleges in a bid to stem child abduction and abuse". Collins also accused the makers of the programme of "some serious taste problems" and warned it would prevent celebrities from supporting "public spirited causes" in the future. Collins appeared as himself in the 2006 PSP and PS2 video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories. Set in 1984, he appears in three missions in which the main character, Victor, must save him from a gang that is trying to kill him, the final mission occurring during his concert, where the player must defend the scaffolding against saboteurs while Collins is performing "In the Air Tonight".

According to Ghil'ad Zuckermann, the Israeli V+N compound verb is employed here for the desire to express swift action, and stems from Yiddish. He compares the Israeli periphrasis to the following Yiddish expressions all meaning “to have a look”: # געבן א קוק gébņ a kuk, which literally means “to give a look” # טאן א קוק ton a kuk, which literally means “to do a look” # the colloquial expression כאפן א קוק khapņ a kuk, which literally means “to catch a look”. Zuckermann argues that the Israeli V+N compound verbs “are not nonce, ad hoc lexical calques of Yiddish. The Israeli system is productive and the lexical realization often differs from that of Yiddish”. He provides the following Israeli examples: # הרביץ hirbíts “hit, beat; gave”, yielded ## הרביץ מהירות hirbíts mehirút “drove very fast” (מהירות mehirút meaning “speed”), and ## הרביץ ארוחה hirbíts arukhá “ate a big meal” (ארוחה arukhá meaning “meal”), cf. English hit the buffet “eat a lot at the buffet”; hit the liquor/bottle “drink alcohol”. The Israeli Hebrew compound verb דפק הופעה dafák hofaá, which literally means “hit a show”, actually means “dressed smartly”.

He served on a papal mission to Portugal in 1598–1605, after which Pope Paul V appointed him to the titular see of Damascus on 17 May 1606 and papal nuncio to Flanders on 12 June. He left Rome on 9 July, reached Brussels on 1 September, and was received in audience by the ruling Archdukes Albert and Isabella on 6 September 1606.Carafa's correspondence as nuncio in Brussels has been calendared in the Analecta Vaticano-Belgica, as Correspondance du nonce Decio Carafa, archevêque de Damas, 1606-1607, edited by L. Van Meerbeeck (Brussels and Rome, 1979). Carafa served in Flanders for only eight months, his main concern being to encourage the negotiations that led to the Twelve Years' Truce (1609–1621) temporarily ending the Eighty Years' War. In May 1607 he was transferred to Spain, arriving in Madrid on 25 July. He was received in audience by Philip III of Spain on 3 August 1607. In 1609 he convinced Francisco Suarez to write against the claims of James VI and I regarding the 1606 Oath of Allegiance. In 1610 he played a role in dissuading Philip III from making war on France over French claims in the Rhineland and Italy, and encouraging the negotiations that led to the marriage of Louis XIII to Anne of Austria.