298 Sentences With "mortise" | Random Sentence Generator

" Similarly, at 153A, the clue is "Mortise partner," and the answer is TENON, as in "mortise and tenon.

There are two basic types of latches: tubular and mortise.

So August — which, for now, ships in the U.S. — is launching a new smart lock that cooperates with Mortise locks.

Yes, you don't talk about a "mortise and tenon" when you're making a dovetail joint; you talk about pins and tails.

If you're traveling in Europe and staying in an Airbnb, you're probably going to find yourself unlocking the apartment with a Mortise lock.

The initial Latch lock, which launched last year, works with mortise locks and includes a physical handle and slot for an actual key.

Where the Latch M was built for tall mortise locks, the Latch C is meant for simpler cylindrical deadbolts, which aren't attached to the knob.

Designed by Thomas Meyerhoffer, a Swedish-born designer whose early career includes tenure at Apple, Latch is a contemporary take on the classic mortise lock.

Eventually, a more practical solution arose: Forget about the mortise lock and instead install the smart lock above it where a deadbolt had once been.

As with other smart locks, the Latch Lock needs power for its fancier features to function (although its metal mortise lock will still function sans power).

Mortise latches and locks tend to be stronger — and more expensive — with a large metal box that fits into a pocket in the side of the door.

The Latch C is designed to be installed on individual apartment doors that are equipped with a deadbolt, whereas Latch's first product, the Latch M, works with mortise locks.

Certainly for now (although the Latch team reckons there's no barrier to rolling their product out internationally in future, in markets such as Europe and China where mortise locks are also common).

But Andrew Baren, the president of Katonah Architectural Hardware, recommended using a mortise latch, which is not only more resilient, but can be made with stronger springs to support heavier door levers.

August Home — which makes an internet-connected smart lock — already works for most door locks you'd typically find in the U.S. But it hasn't had a product yet for a different style of lock called the Mortise lock just yet.

It's a mortise-class design, that is, the kind found mostly in industrial and older buildings in the US, which are built into a long groove in the door, and one you can tap a phone or NFC card to open.

A tubular latch will have only a small metal plate around it, while a mortise latch "is going to look like one big hunk of metal in your door," and it will be at least a few inches high, Mr. Bean said.

So the product design includes an actual physical mortise lock mechanism, as well as various 'smarter' flourishes — such as a camera, touchscreen and Bluetooth — to allow for digital keys to be used to gain entry, callers to be screened and other smart lock features such as entry tracking.

With all three products co-founder Luke Schoenfelder says Latch is able to address a full spectrum of multi-unit and residential buildings across the U.S. — noting, for example, that "in some geographies, particularly in the American south and in some places in California, they use deadbolts in apartment buildings more than they use mortise locks".

So while the Latch M works with mortise locks — and includes a physical handle and slot for an actual key, for people who prefer the traditional key-in-hand route to gain entry — the Latch R enables purely electronic entry — either by tapping a mobile or key card or tapping in a code on its touchscreen.

You'll want to rebuild the barn, make it a post-and-beam mortise-and-tenon with queen posts, and don't put a ridgepole in to support the rafters, you won't need that, and put plenty of ventilation louvres along the forebay walls, and get one of those steel Martin silos in, too, and maybe a manure-cleaning system, and clear out the burdock growing through the windows, and the stalls will need new railings, and the corn crib needs new chicken wire, and the old wind pump needs lubrication and a new valve, and the tractor needs a new camshaft; you'll want to intercrop carrots in with the rye and barley, get them in close to protect the young seedlings; and so on and so forth, while out in the kitchen the percolator sputtered.

A through mortise is used in this wooden hinge Brick mold from ancient Egypt held together with mortise joints A mortise is a cavity cut into a timber to receive a tenon. There are several kinds of mortise: ;Open mortise:a mortise that has only three sides. (See bridle joint). ;Stub mortise:a shallow mortise, the depth of which depends on the size of the timber; also a mortise that does not go through the workpiece (as opposed to a "through mortise").

A mortise gauge is a woodworking tool used by a carpenter or joiner to scribe mortise and tenon joints on wood prior to cutting. Mortise gauges are commonly made of hardwood with brass fittings. Like the simpler marking gauge, a mortise gauge has a locking thumb screw slide for adjusting the distance of the scribe from the edge of the wood. It has two protruding pins, often called "spurs",The Mortise Gauge.

Geared continuous hinges are available in several styles, including concealed, full surface (mortise), half surface (mortise), swing clear and toilet partition models for new construction and retrofit applications.

Technology Student which are designed to scribe parallel lines marking both sides of a mortise at the same time.What is MORTISE GAUGE? definition of MORTISE GAUGE (Science Dictionary). The Science Dictionary One of the pins is adjustable, attached to a sliding fence, so that mortises of different widths can be marked.

The type commonly called a 'Yale' lock. Mortise locks have historically, and still commonly do, use lever locks as a mechanism. Older mortise locks may have used warded lock mechanisms. This has led to a popular confusion, as the term 'mortise lock' is usually used in reference to lever keys.

Jefferson ordered his locks from Paris. Similarly, mortise locks were used in primary rooms in 1819 at Decatur House in Washington, D.C. while rim locks were used in closets and other secondary spaces. Warded lock mechanism, only rarely used for mortise locks, owing to the depth required The mortise locks used at Monticello were warded locks. The name warded locks refers to the lock mechanism, while the name mortise lock refers to the bolt location.

In its most basic form, a mortise and tenon joint is both simple and strong. There are many variations of this type of joint, but the basic mortise and tenon has two components: #the mortise hole, and #the tenon tongue. The tenon, formed on the end of a member generally referred to as a rail, fits into a square or rectangular hole cut into the other, corresponding member. The tenon is cut to fit the mortise hole exactly.

Diagram of a mortise (on left) and tenon joint Tusked through tenons used on a French granary. 1) Through tenon and 2) mortise as a shouldered joint A mortise (occasionally mortice) and tenon joint connects two pieces of wood or of material. Woodworkers around the world have used it for thousands of years to join pieces of wood, mainly when the adjoining pieces connect at right angles. Mortise and tenon joints are strong and stable joints that can be used in many projects.

Some mortise gauges are designed with one retractable spur, so that they can be used as marking gauges as well;A Short Guide to Mortise and Marking Gauges. Tools for Working Wood however, because the mortise gauge is an expensive and high precision tool, many carpenters prefer to have a separate marking gauge for general use. For complex joints, some mortise gauges have a double-beam design which allows the gauge to be wrapped around a tool such as a chisel for extra accuracy.

Corner bridle joint T-bridle joint A bridle joint is a woodworking joint, similar to a mortise and tenon, in that a tenon is cut on the end of one member and a mortise is cut into the other to accept it.Bridle Joints, WoodworkDetails.com The distinguishing feature is that the tenon and the mortise are cut to the full width of the tenon member. The corner bridle joint (also known as a slot mortise and tenon) joins two members at their respective ends, forming a corner.

Hollow mortising chisel and bit A mortiser or morticer is a specialized woodworking machine used to cut square or rectangular holes in a piece of lumber (timber), such as a mortise in a mortise and tenon joint.

These also serve to hide imperfections in the opening of the mortise.

Each green marble column was high and in diameter when finished. To prevent the columns from twisting or slipping, a mortise and tenon was used. A mortise approximately deep was created in the floor and a tenon carved on the bottom of the column base. A small amount of mortar mixed with small flat discs of metal was used to help fix the tenon into the mortise.

Mortise locks have been used as part of door hardware systems in America since the second quarter of the eighteenth century. In these early forms, the mortise lock mechanism was combined with a pull to open the unlocked door. Eventually, pulls were replaced by knobs. Until the mid- nineteenth century, mortise locks were only used in the most formal rooms in the most expensive houses.

However, one cannot fix a mortise lock to an internal oak ledged and braced door.

Hand boring machine (Carpentry and Joinery Magazine, 1925) A carpenters boring machine is a hand-driven machine to bore holes in beams such in the process of making a mortise or making holes for the wooden pegs which hold mortise and tenon joints together.

The earliest wooden truss connections consisted of mortise-and-tenon joints and were most likely crafted at the construction site with the posts. Since most early trusses were made from unseasoned posts, the subsequent shrinkage would create cracking at the mortise-and-tenon joints. Additionally, the mortise-and-tenon joints in older trusses were located at the weakest point in the post, accelerating failure. Much of the early truss connection designs anticipated structural behaviour under loads.

In recent years the Euro cylinder lock has become common, using a pin tumbler lock in a mortise housing. The parts included in the typical US mortise lock installation are the lock body (the part installed inside the mortise cut-out in the door); the lock trim (which may be selected from any number of designs of doorknobs, levers, handle sets and pulls); a strike plate, or a box keep, which lines the hole in the frame into which the bolt fits; and the keyed cylinder which operates the locking/unlocking function of the lock body. However, in the United Kingdom, and most other countries, mortise locks on dwellings do not use cylinders, but have lever mechanisms.

This construction technique relied extensively on structural support provided by peg-mortise-and-tenon joinery through the shell of the boat. This method of ship construction appears to have originated from the seafaring nations of the Mediterranean, although evidence of peg-mortise-and-tenon joinery later appears in Southeast Asia.

The Domino in action The Domino is a loose mortise and tenon joining tool manufactured by the German company Festool.

A mortise lock (also spelled mortice lock in British English) is a lock that requires a pocket—the mortise—to be cut into the edge of the door or piece of furniture into which the lock is to be fitted. In most parts of the world, mortise locks are found on older buildings constructed before the advent of bored cylindrical locks, but they have recently become more common in commercial and upmarket residential construction in the United States. They are widely used in domestic properties of all ages in Europe.

This gauge is used to scribe two lines simultaneously and is most commonly used to lay out mortise and tenon joinery.

It is attached with mortise and tenon joints and strengthened with oak pegs. The wales and the ramming timber are designed to interlock for extra strength. The bottom of the ram features a mortise cut into the ramming timber to fit the most forward end of the keel which was formed into a thick and long tenon.

Box E. Exton: Schiffer Publishing, Inc., 1966. A rim lock has the lock body and bolt mechanism on the outside of the door, unlike a mortise lock, where the bolt is inside the door. An early example of the use of mortise locks in conjunction with rim locks in one house comes from Thomas Jefferson's Monticello.

The cylindrical lock was invented by Walter Schlage in 1923. The bored cylindrical lock arose from a need for a more cost-effective method of locking doors. The previous norm (still the norm in Europe), the mortise lock, is a more complex device, and its higher manufacturing cost as well as its more labor-intensive installation make the bored cylindrical lock an ideal substitute, both in price and functionality. Because the mortise lock has a larger lock case, a larger and more complex volume must be removed from the door before it can be installed, but the mortise lock may offer additional functions compared to a cylindrical lock; for instance, the mortise lock may include a deadbolt in a single unit, while the cylindrical lock would require separate face bores for a deadbolt and doorknob.

A joist hanger. Joists may join to their supporting beams in many ways: joists resting on top of the supporting beams are said to be "lodged"; dropped in using a butt cog joint (a type of lap joint), half-dovetail butt cog, or a half- dovetail lap joint. Joists may also be tenoned in during the raising with a soffit tenon or a tusk tenon (possibly with a housing). Joists can also be joined by being slipped into mortises after the beams are in place such as a chase mortise (pulley mortise), L-mortise, or "short joist".

The tenon is formed on the jamb and the mortise to receive the tenon is formed on the curved member. The mortise is increased in size to receive a pair of folding wedges each side of the tenon. The hammer-headed key is used where there is no straight member to form the tenon. It is difficult to form a strong tenon on curved cut timber as the short grain there will weaken it, so two mortise sockets are formed one in each piece and a separate tenon piece called a key is formed to fit.

The mortise and tenon joint is considered to be one of the strongest joints next to the common dovetail joint. They furnish a strong outcome and connect by either gluing or locking into place. The mortise and tenon joint also gives an attractive lookout. One drawback to this joint is the difficulty in making it due to the precise and tight cutting required.

Special joining techniques can be used, such as screw, dowel, spring or mortise and tenon joints to produce pre-finished components or complete racks.

Electric mortise and cylindrical locks are drop-in replacements for door- mounted mechanical locks. An additional hole must be drilled in the door for electric power wires. Also, a power transfer hinge is often used to get the power from the door frame to the door. Electric mortise and cylindrical locks allow mechanical free egress, and can be either fail unlocked or fail locked.

This tool, first on sale in 2007, cuts mortises in the manner of a biscuit joiner. A drill-like rotating cutter cuts a round-ended mortise. Each plunge creates a mortise that is sized to accept a Domino loose tenon, creating joints in stock from wide. There are five cutter sizes (4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm) for six different Domino tenon sizes.

Techniques that take advantage of the anisotropic properties of the materials include mortise and tenon joints (in natural composites such as wood) and Pi Joints in synthetic composites.

An improvement was to place a rotating cylindrical auger inside a hollow chisel. This helps to clear chips up the centre of the chisel. As electric power became easily available, the auger developed as a drill bit and became the main means of removing waste timber from the mortise. These mortisers now used much shorter hand levers, as the manual work was only in cleaning up the mortise to be square-cornered.

In 1805, Jefferson wrote to his joiner listing the locks he required for his home. While closets received rim locks, Jefferson ordered twenty-six mortise locks for use in the principal rooms. Depictions of available mortise lock hardware, including not only lock mechanisms themselves but also escutcheon plates and door pulls, were widely available in the early nineteenth century in trade catalogues. However, the locks were still expensive and difficult to obtain at this time.

Furthermore, a mortise lock typically accepts a wide range of other manufacturers' cylinders and accessories, allowing architectural conformity with lock hardware already on site. Some of the most common manufacturers of mortise locks in the United States are Nostalgic Warehouse, Accurate, Arrow, Baldwin, Best, Corbin Russwin, Emtek Products, Inc, Falcon, Penn, Schlage, Sargent and Yale. Also, many European manufacturers whose products had been restricted to "designer" installations have recently gained wider acceptance and use.

The anterior colliculus is the anterior portion of the medial malleolus of the distal tibia, forming part of the ankle mortise. It has an attachment of the anterior tibiotalar ligament.

The summer kitchen and barn, which were constructed at approximately the same time as the house, feature traditional mortise and tenon and pegged construction. The other structures were added subsequently.

This door shall consist of the following hardware: Electrified continuous hinge, electrified mortise lock x RX switch, parallel stop arm closer, weatherstrip, threshold and sweep, door position switches, power supply.

The installation of a mortise lock can be undertaken by the average homeowner with a working knowledge of basic woodworking tools and methods. Many installation specialists use a mortising jig which makes precise cutting of the pocket a simple operation, but the subsequent installation of the external trim can still prove problematic if the installer is inexperienced. Although the installation of a mortise lock actually weakens the structure of the typical timber door, it is stronger and more versatile than a bored cylindrical lock, both in external trim, and functionality. Whereas the latter mechanism lacks the architecture required for ornate and solid-cast knobs and levers, the mortise lock can accommodate a heavier return spring and a more solid internal mechanism, making its use possible.

The mortise chisel, even in its heavyweight "pigsticker" form, is used differently from a twybill, although the two may be used together. The twybill cuts the sides of mortices, along the grain. Its action is a splitting and prying one, so only requires a handle for leverage and is never struck. Mortise chisels are used for heavy chopping across the grain, are nearly always struck, and are used to square up the ends of square-ended mortises.

The 1923 patent evolved from an earlier Schlage patent filed in 1920 for a lock whose installation required a face bore and surface rabbet, which simplified door preparation compared to a mortise lock.

Frames can be constructed by several methods: cope and stick, mortise and tenon, bridle joint, or a simple butt joint. Cope and stick is the most common method, as it is more efficient to manufacture. Mortise and tenon is the strongest, and is often used for large doors which will have greater stresses imposed. Bridle joints are typically used in less formal work, as the exposed endgrain is considered unattractive; while butt joints, being weak, are only used on very small assemblies.

Linus Yale, Jr.'s pin tumbler mortise cylinder lock put not only the latch or bolt itself inside the door, but also the tumblers and the bolt mechanism. Up to this point, the lock mechanism was always on the outside of the door regardless of the bolt location. This innovation allowed keys to be shorter as they no longer had to reach all the way through a door. Pin tumbler locks are still the most common kind of mortise lock used today.

Structures had standard parts and pre-cut, pre- measured timbers, which were assembled on the ground, adjusted to fit on site, raised in place, and locked into place with pegs and mortise and tenon joints.

Kucan is the author of the novel Full Contact: The Collected Stories. He has also written blogs for his theater company A Public Fit, as well as The Huffington Post, The Discerning Brute, and Mortise & Tenon.

Early Egyptians also knew how to fasten the planks of this ship together with mortise and tenon joints.Ward, Cheryl. "World's Oldest Planked Boats", in Archaeology (Volume 54, Number 3, May/June 2001). Archaeological Institute of America.

Wegner said of his work, "I have always wanted to make unexceptional things of an exceptionally high quality." Many of Wegner's wooden chairs are characterized by traditional joinery techniques including mortise and tenons, finger joints, and sculpted elements such as armrests and seat supports. In the early models of the Round Chair, Wegner used a mortise and tenon joint to connect the arms at the middle of the backrest. Wegner was dissatisfied with the way that this looked and wrapped the backrest in cane to hide what he considered to be an unsightly design.

The length of the structures varied from nearly 20 to 27m. These are the world's most ancient planked hulls. The traditions of the hull construction seen in all the excavated vessels continued through the end of the sixth century BC and, with the substitution of nails for mortise-and-tenon joints, into the present. An abandoned freighter, stripped of its internal timbers and left on a small branch of the Nile near Mataria (ancient Heliopolis, north of modern Cairo) provides the first instance of pegged mortise-and-tenon joints in an Egyptian hull.

Eli Whitney Blake, Sr. (January 27, 1795 – August 18, 1886) was an American inventor, best known for his mortise lock and stone-crushing machine, the latter of which earned him a place into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

The Yale Room accommodates locks manufactured by the Yale Lock company from 1860 to 1950. One of the attractions here is the original patent model of the Mortise Cylinder Pin Tumbler Lock designed by Linus Yale Jr., in 1865.

By contrast, ultrasound may permit the injury to be visualized while the mortise is being stressed. Consequently, a diagnostic modality such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that demonstrates the ligament itself may be helpful, if clinical suspicion remains.

The only remnant of the original building is in the structural system, where later renovations replaced some, but not most, of the original mortise and tenon framing with balloon framing more common at the time the renovations were likely done.

Yellow poplar wood was used in its mortise-and-tenon frame construction, in its weatherboard siding, and in its wide plank floors. At its NRHP listing in 1980 it was on a property; it was once the center of a plantation.

The third level consists of a poplar timber frame notched with mortise and tenon. This most notable feature of this level is its cantilever, or outward extension over the second story.Steve Rogers, Swaggerty Blockhouse. Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002.

The Reuleaux triangle rotating inside a constant sized square Traditionally, a mortise would be cut by hand, using a chisel and mallet. However, due to the precision of fit required for a mortise and tenon joint, this can be a difficult and time-consuming task. Other tools such as a router could be used for the task, but the router usually requires special attachments, jigs or templates and the router bit leaves rounded corners that might need to be squared by hand with a chisel. Alternatively, the tenon can be rounded with a rasp to achieve an equally strong joint.

In 1888 the tower was added, with a frame of vertical posts and cross-timbers connected by mortise and tenon. Like the main church body, it is sheathed in weatherboard. In the tower hangs an 1883 bell and on top stands a cross.

A two-story stuccoed ell was added to the house around 1900. Also on the property is a contributing frame bank barn with heavy mortise-and-tenon construction. and Accompanying photo It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

With . The original part of the house is supported by mortise-and- tenon-connected hand hewn square beams, and is insulated with raw cotton. The interior was renovated in Victorian style in about 1887. The eight fireplaces and mantels vary in style.

The club played in the first division Serie A from 1959 to 1969 and 1971 to 1973, taking part in the second division Serie A2 from 1993 to 1997. In July 2015, Petrarca Padova combined with Pro Pace Pallacanestro Mortise to form a new club.

The two main parts of a mortise lock. Left: the lock body, installed in the thickness of a door. This one has two bolts: a sprung latch at the top, and a locking bolt at the bottom. Right: the box keep, installed in the doorjamb.

Howe truss bridges may be all wood, a combination of wood and iron, or all iron. Whichever design is used, wooden timbers should have square ends without mortise and tenons. The design of an all-metal Howe truss follows that of the wooden truss.

The ankle joint consists of the talus resting within the mortise created by the tibia and fibula as previously described. Since the talus is wider anteriorly (in the front) than posteriorly (at the back), as the front of the foot is raised (dorsiflexed) reducing the angle between the foot and lower leg to less than 90°, then the mortise is confronted with an increasingly wider talus. The force is heightened when the foot is simultaneously forced into external rotation (turned outward). This chain of events may occur when the front of a hockey player's skate strikes the boards and the foot is forced outward.

Generally, the size of the mortise and tenon is related to the thickness of the timbers. It is good practice to proportion the tenon as one third the thickness of the rail, or as close to this as is practical. The haunch, the cut-away part of a sash corner joint that prevents the tenon coming loose, is one third the length of the tenon and one-sixth of the width of the tenon in its depth. The remaining two-thirds of the rail, the tenon shoulders, help to counteract lateral forces that might tweak the tenon from the mortise, contributing to its strength.

Roseville Plantation is a historic home located near Florence, Florence County, South Carolina. It was built about 1885 and renovated about 1910. It is a two-story, lateral gabled, weatherboard-clad residence. The building consists partly of mortise and tenoned hand-hewn and peeled log construction.

The Earick House was built by timber framing, where heavy timber are jointed together with pegged mortise and tenon joints. The structure was originally built in the Federal architectural style. Once Squire Earick took possession of the home, he renovated with many characteristics of Steamboat Gothic style.

There are various types of log furniture, from the sleek finished look to the rustic ‘craggy’ look. Building log furniture is time-consuming, and since most pieces are custom built, it can often be quite expensive. The mortise and tenon method is favored for its strength.

The destroyed mill had two structures. In 1884, Joseph Chipman had built a one- story mill over the millrace (which survives), which contained turbines and millstones. The wooden superstructure featured mortise and tenon joinery. An adjoining two story section was moved to the site from elsewhere.

It usually has shoulders that seat when the joint fully enters the mortise hole. The joint may be glued, pinned, or wedged to lock it in place. This joint is also used with other materials. For example, it is traditionally used by both stonemasons and blacksmiths.

The main part of the building is three and a half stories that measures by . It is attached to a two-story addition that measures by . The building was built of native oak beams. It utilizes mortise and tenon joints that are connected with wooden pegs.

It includes by cypress corner posts and top plates, with other timbers of by size. Timbers are joined by mortise and tenon joints. Timbers on its front facade are exposed. The house was modified in 1899 by addition of a framed lean-to along its rear facade.

Rectangular connections at the base of the roof redistribute the tension to the exterior walls. There are no support beams that connect the roof to the floor plate. Each beam was inscribed with roman numerals and connected to one another with a mortise and peg system.

The chest, long, wide and high, was made of oak with iron hinges and lock. It was intact despite the rough encounter with the plow. It was rectangular with a slightly curved lid and flat bottom. The bottom was joined to the ends via a mortise and through tenon.

The horizontal timbers are tenoned into mortises chiseled into the posts. At each mortise and tenon is a chiseled-in guide symbol, consisting of a Roman numeral or other directional mark. Each corner has two interior diagonal braces. The four corner posts are tenoned into interlocking sill logs.

Joinery on twigs and branches is similar to joinery for lumber. Mortise and tenon joints are strong, but also labor-intensive and time-consuming. Twigs and branches can also be fastened with nails. Where one branch meets another, the ends must be coped, or cut to match the curve.

Both tools are used for levering out chunks when first clearing out a mortise and so have similarly shaped bevels, often with a curved bevel surface for a better fulcrum action. Slicks are other specialised chisels also used to work on the sides of mortises, but are used for final clean-up to make an accurate and smooth-sided mortise, after the rough chopping has been carried out. In the heyday of the twybil, mortises in small work were often round-ended and so could be cut very quickly by brace and twybil alone, the tenon being rounded to fit.Edlin, Woodland crafts, The curious break and tools used to form mortises in gate hurdles, figures 99 & 100, facing p.

Utley-Council House is a historic home located near Apex, Wake County, North Carolina. It was built about 1820, and is an asymmetrical, two-story, three bay, frame Federal period dwelling. It has a hall-and-parlor plan. Also on the property is a contributing mortise-and-tenon smokehouse (c. 1820s).

Other rooms used box locks, or rim locks, in which, unlike in mortise locks, the latch itself is in a self-contained unit that is applied to the outside of the door. Rim locks have been used in the United States since the early eighteenth century.Schiffer, Herbert. Early Pennsylvania Hardware.

Lifesize replica at the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology. The distribution of the wreckage and the scattered cargo indicates that the ship was between long. It was constructed by the shell-first method, with mortise-and-tenon joints similar to those of the Graeco-Roman ships of later centuries.Pulak, 1998 p. 210.

This is why holes were drilled slightly off-centre, allowing the peg to naturally pull the posts together with gravity."Early Wooden Truss Connections vs. Wood Shrinkage: From Mortise-and-Tenon Joints to Bolted Connections" APT Bulletin, Vol. 27, No. 1/2, A Tribute to Lee H. Nelson (1996), pp. 11-23.

Bevel gear operating a lock gate Wooden cogs set in bevel mortise wheels driving a millstone. Note wooden spur gears in the background. A bevel gear is shaped like a right circular cone with most of its tip cut off. When two bevel gears mesh, their imaginary vertices must occupy the same point.

Originally, the AJF series (aka: "Jazz King") used the "Chief-style" bolt-on neck construction, but Tacoma changed to a more traditional glued mortise and tenon neck joint. AJF's had a conventional ebony bridge with a composite tailpiece and pickguard/finger rest. EMG, Inc. designed a passive humbucking pickup for the AJF's.

Windows were multi-pane, twelve over eight, and the originals survive in the upstairs of the central section. The framework is hewed oak and walnut beams, connected with mortise and tenon. Inside downstairs is a central staircase with two rooms on either side. The oldest walls are plaster over oak split-lath.

Richard Taylor's half-brother, the Archibald Taylor Plantation House. Also on the property are the contributing early mortise and tenon smokehouse, a pigeon house or tobacco packhouse, an air-cure tobacco barn, a frame corn crib, and two log tobacco barns. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

A wood scribe is a tool for marking wood by scratching the surface visibly. A wood scribe is often used with a try square for accurate scribing. A marking gauge is a more specific form of wood scribe used to accurately mark wood for cutting, often for laying out mortise and tenon joints.

Leospo, Enrichetta (2001), "Woodworking in Ancient Egypt", The Art of Woodworking, Turin: Museo Egizio, p. 20 Commonly used woodworking tools included axes, adzes, chisels, pull saws, and bow drills. Mortise and tenon joints are attested from the earliest Predynastic period. These joints were strengthened using pegs, dowels and leather or cord lashings.

This hull design is characterized by a reverse stempost with a cutwater, enabling the vessel to compensate for its large, non-specialized, powerful square sails and giving it speed. A schematic of the mortise and tenon technique for shipbuilding that dominated the Mediterranean until the 7th century BC. The vessel contained framing composed of various elements (keel, fore foot, stempost, cutwater, sternpost, inner post, false post), double planking (assembled entirely by mortise-and-tenon joints pegged from the inside) and was covered with a sheet of lead. What is referred to as a large keelson is actually a 7.5m long mast-step timber made of oak which doubles the axial frame. The stringers, nailed onto the frames, reinforced the hull longitudinally.

80 The construction of cathedrals and castles advanced building technology, leading to the development of large stone buildings. Ancillary structures included new town halls, houses, bridges, and tithe barns.Barber Two Cities p. 68 Shipbuilding improved with the use of the rib and plank method rather than the old Roman system of mortise and tenon.

Mortise and tenon joints were used in the framing. Rafters rest on the roof plate. The slate-shingled roof is pierced by brick chimneys at either end and three shed dormer windows on both east and west elevations. A wraparound porch on the first story has turned posts and is enclosed on the east side.

Built with regulation dimensions, the 1753 House is quite small by modern standards. Using mortise and tenon joints, the walls and frame are made of oak timbers harvested from nearby White Oak woods. The roof uses split shingling. The interior includes a few historical replicas, such as a table, a bench, and fireplace cooking instruments.

Battens - the horizontal elements on "board and batten" shutters. Strap hinges usually mount centered on the battens. This is the standard construction approach for most barn doors. Butt Mounted - hinges that mortise into the sides of the hinges - only the barrel of the hinges is visible when the shutter is in the closed position.

Putnam bought a one-acre building site adjacent to Congress Spring from Judge Walton. The boarding house was finished in 1803. The building was a mortise and tenon clapboard structure that was described as two Federal style houses placed end to end. It had 10 windows across the front, whitewashed exterior, and dark shutters.

The Chimneys' floor plan has two rooms on each side of a central hall. The two- story house is framed with heavy timber with mortise and tenon joints secured with hardwood pegs. Each timber is marked by chiseled Roman numerals. Spaces between wall studs are nogged with brick in the interior and exterior walls.

Wooden uprights were attached to the iron risers that passed through the apex of each of the A-frames and these supported the upper trough carrying the Taff Fawr leat. Reflecting its designer's roots in carpentry, the members composing the trusses are joined by dovetail and mortise and tenon joints commonly used in wooden structures.

Sapp Plantation is a historic plantation located outside of Sardis, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 8, 1980, and is located northwest of Sardis on Georgia 24. with Its plantation house was built in the 1820s with mortise-and-tenon construction. It is a two-story building with one-story additions.

When locked, the considerable mechanical advantage offered by the cam or hook holds the panels tightly together. Coffin locks can be installed directly into a mortise cut into each panel for total concealment except for the locking hole or mounted to the rear of the panels. Many small theatres use stock platforms with coffin locks built into the frames.

Mortise locks may include a non-locking sprung latch operated by a door handle. Such a lock is termed a sash lock. A simpler form without a handle or latch is termed a 'dead lock'. Dead locks are commonly used as a secure backup to a sprung non-deadlocking latch, usually a pin tumbler rim lock.

This new cylindrical lock had a single plate, serving as both escutcheon and striker plate, wrapping around the door's edge. It was mostly used on interior doors, where it replaced the older Mortise lock. Schlage's new company grew quickly and into larger facilities throughout the 1920s. The company was manufacturing 20,000 locks per month in 1925.

Boggs Mill is a historic grist mill located near Seneca Rocks, Pendleton County, West Virginia. It was built about 1830, and is a 3 1/2-story, rectangular, gable front building. It has clapboard siding and was constructed using mortise and tenon, braced frame construction. It sits on a stone foundation and has a standing-seam metal roof.

Its weight is . The slope of the walls of the pyramidion is 17°24' from the vertical. There are twelve ribs, three per wall, which spring from the level, all being integrated into the walls up to the level. All are free standing above 500 feet, relying on mortise and tenon joints to attach neighboring stones.

The House at 42 Hopkins Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts is an excellent early example of an Italianate house. Built c. 1850, the -story wood-frame structure is an early example of balloon framing (replacing the earlier mortise and tenon style). It is three bays wide, with wide eaves and double brackets, corner pilasters, and a high granite foundation.

They are similar to mortise and tenon joints, and have been used traditionally in historic buildings, such as Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples, and also in modern domestic houses. The basic principle involves penetrating one element through another (i.e., embedment); in Japan and other Asian countries this method is used to connect wooden posts and beams.

This was very early, before Wisconsin was a state. This area was still part of Michigan Territory. Most structures built in the lead-mining region at the time were simple and functional. Parkinson instead built a two-story I-house - a style he knew from Tennessee - with walls of hand-hewn oak joined by mortise and tenon.

When the building was finished, there was a basement, two floors and an attic. The building was built using the Red River construction method (also called mortise and tenon or tongue and groove). The building uses no nails to hold it together. In November 1959 the municipality designated a museum for the site and established a board of directors.

The Manthey Barn, in rural Tripp County, South Dakota near Colome, South Dakota, was built in 1916 by George Manthey. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. It is a "Midwest Three-Portal" dairy barn. It has a timber frame built with hand-hewn lumber and uses mortise-and- tenon joinery.

In traditional timber frame joinery, mortises and tenons were typically wide and from the edge of the timber when working with softwoods, giving rise to the width of the blade. Likewise, mortises and tenons were traditionally wide when working in hardwoods, explaining the width of the tongue. This allowed for quick layouts of mortise and tenon joints when working both hard and softwoods.

The concrete blocks used for the foundation and for the adjacent silo, which a part of this historic nomination, were locally produced in a Danish-influenced industry. The two story heavy timber structure utilized mortise and tenon construction for the animal stalls and the supports for the hay loft. The barn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

All but one of the original buildings remain intact. The buildings include the farmhouse, a timber-framed mortise and tenon barn with an attached milk house, and a two- story saltbox style granary. The bricks for the farmhouse were believed to have been manufactured in nearby Dayton, Minnesota. The farm had no electricity until 1948; before that, they had kerosene lighting.

Obediah Farrar House is a historic home located near Haywood, Lee County, North Carolina. It was built in the 1850s, and is a two-story, three bay, mortise-and-tenon frame I-house with Greek Revival style design elements. Also on the property is the contributing road segment and landscape. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Kernersville Depot is a historic train station located at Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina. It was built by the Northwestern North Carolina Railroad in 1873. It is a plain one-story, mortise-and-tenon gable roofed building sheathed in board-and-batten siding in the Late Victorian style. It served as a depot until a new station was built in 1901.

Rippleton Schoolhouse is a historic one-room school building located at Cazenovia in Madison County, New York. It was built in 1814 and remodelled in 1884. It consists of two gabled units and is built of a heavy timber mortise and tenon framework. It was moved to its present site on the grounds of the Lorenzo State Historic Site in 1997.

George Diehl Homestead is a historic home located at Cherryhill Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania. It was built about 1840, and is a 2 1/2-story, rectangular hewn log building with a gable roof. It measures 18 feet, 6 inches, wide and 28 feet, 4 inches, long. It features mortise and tenon jointing, also known as corner-post construction, for the log structure.

Elements rarely present on shallower shipwreck sites are beautifully preserved 200m below the surface. Disappointingly for ship scholars and historians of technology, there are few indications of how the planks of Sinop D are held together. There are no mortise and tenon fastenings, and no sewing. Shipwreck D may be one of the earliest lateen-rigged ships to be studied by archaeologists.

The house is raised of the ground and uses nails to fix the slabs which have been roughly thinned out to receive the "Ewbank" nails. The construction shows a reasonable understanding of carpentry techniques and uses mortise and tenon joints. Accommodation seems above normal for convict/ lessee/ or shepherd. More likely built for a supervisor or farm caretaker for owners.

The ceiling and some of the lath and plaster wall panels also did not survive the trip. A number of roof tiles were broken when being unloaded in Ingham. The meticulous mortise and tenon jointing was broken to allow for the removal of the frame and few if any mortice and tenon joints survive. Nails were used in the reassembly.

This is the point where the neck meets the body. In the traditional Spanish neck joint the neck and block are one piece with the sides inserted into slots cut in the block. Other necks are built separately and joined to the body either with a dovetail joint, mortise or flush joint. These joints are usually glued and can be reinforced with mechanical fasteners.

Hanger Mill, also known as Huff Mill, is a historic grist mill located at Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. It was built about 1860, and is a 2 1/2-story, limestone and heavy mortise-and-tenon frame building with a metal gable roof and weatherboard siding. It has an attached one-story office structure. The mill operated until 1940, and retains most of its milling machinery.

Upstairs, the second floor has five rooms and two bathrooms with Federal detailing, including doors similar to the main entrance hall. In the attic are original hewn roof timber framing and rough sheathing. The rafters rise from end plates to a purlin where the roof pitch changes. Rising from the center beam is a vertical member joined to the horizontal collar by mortise and tenon.

Locust Level is a historic home and farm located at Montvale, Bedford County, Virginia. It was built about 1824, and is a two-story, brick, central-passage- plan I-house with fine exterior and interior Federal-style detailing. It has a standing seam metal roof. Attached to the rear is a two-story mortise-and- tenon frame wing known variously as the Hall or the Dance Hall.

Unlike western architecture, in ancient Chinese wooden architecture, the wall only defined an enclosure, and did not form a load-bearing element. Buildings in China have been supported by wooden frames for as long as seven millennia. The emergence of the characteristic articulated wooden Chinese frame emerged during the Neolithic period. Seven thousand years ago mortise and tenon joinery was used to build wood-framed houses.

Parts of a face frame Face frames are composed of a set of intersecting frame members that are joined to one another using one of a selection of woodworking joints. The most common joints used are the butt joint or mortise and tenon. The frames consist of vertical stiles and horizontal rails. Individual compartments within the cabinet are divided by mid-stiles and mid-rails.

Typical preparation required for installation of a bored cylindrical lockset. Two holes are bored, perpendicular to one another, into the door. The "face bore" is the larger hole which is bored into the door face and a smaller "edge bore" hole is bored into the door edge. The edge may require additional preparation to receive the latch assembly, typically by routing or chiseling a shallow mortise.

Warded locks were used in Europe throughout the medieval period and up until early 19th century. Three British locksmiths, Robert Barron, Joseph Bramah, and Jeremiah Chubb, all played a role in creating modern lever tumbler locks. Chubb's lock was patented in 1818. Again, the name refers to the lock mechanism, so a lock can be both a mortise lock and a lever tumbler lock.

Experimental archaeology; cutting a mortise with a cannonbone chisel This is an ancient joint dating back 7,000 years. The first examples, tusked joints, were found in a well near Leipzig - the world's oldest intact wooden architecture. It has also been found joining the wooden planks of the "Khufu ship",Ward, Cheryl. "World's Oldest Planked Boats," in Archaeology (Volume 54, Number 3, May/June 2001).

The cross-pieces (stretchers in the western equivalent) are joined through mortise-and-tenon joinery as well. The legs and stretchers are commonly round rather than square or curvilinear. The simplest pieces are simply four splayed legs attached to a solid top, but more complicated pieces contain decorative brackets, drawers and metal latches. Cabinets in this style typically have an overhanging top similar to western-style cabinetry.

This often prevented them from fitting comfortably into armchairs with rectangular seats. A caquetoire seat is splayed so women in their large skirts could easily sit. These chairs were often made from walnut rather than oak allowing the frames to be more elaborately carved. They were built with mortise and tenon joinery, so no nails were exposed and no glue had to be used.

Exterior walls were joined with large spikes, while the interior walls were joined to the exterior ones with mortise and tenon joints. When the house was built it received immediate notice in architectural and popular circles. It was owned for a time by Arkansas politician J. William Fulbright. The house (along with about of surrounding land) was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

It was designed in the Federal architecture style. It is topped with a hip roof and has a one-story frame wing at the rear which was built at the same time as the house. The barn, also contemporaneous to the house, measures and rises two stories. It has a mortise and tenon timber frame sheathed in vertical boards and covered in shiplap siding.

With the official opening of the City Square Plaza (adjacent to Victoria Park’s north side) in 2012, the arts’ and vendor markets had room to expand. The 2018 festival had 18 food vendors — including Afghan Cuisine, Bon Burger, Michael’s Coffee Shop & Bakery, Selam Ethiopian Restaurant, and Malinche — and more than 29 arts vendors— including Mortise and Tenon, Kat Cadegan Jewellery, and Naked Kitty Naturals.

Inside, the house is constructed of mortise and tendon joints, with some nails. The main structural components are 12” x 12” solid walnut hand-hewn timbers that form the skeleton of each of the four main rooms. The two rooms upstairs, which have 10 feet ceilings, and two rooms downstairs, which have 11 feet ceilings, share a central staircase. The woodwork and carvings on the stairwell and staircase are all original.

Built circa 1850 to the north of the farmhouse, the machinery shed once housed a cider press. It is a two-story structure that has been modified by the addition of two wings, built in 1938 primarily for the purposes of sheltering farm implements. The walls are now covered with aluminum siding, but the building is still supported by the mortise and tenon joints of the original oak frame.

The barges were similar to boxes without lids, and were constructed using mortise and tenon joints, the same technique used in ancient boats, to ensure they remained watertight. The barges were ballasted with 0.5 meters of pozzolana concrete and floated out to their position. With alternating layers, pozzolana-based and lime-based concretes were hand-placed inside the barge to sink it and fill it up to the surface.

A small wood hatch leads to the attic, where the sawn rafters of the roof have skip sheathing and no ridge pole. From the first floor, the same stairs lead down to the basement. It has a concrete floor and single pane windows on the north and south. A mortise and tenon frame surrounds a board-and-batten door to the stone steps that lead to the outside bulkhead entrance.

Pieces were assembled using mortise-and-tenon joinery, held together with lashings, pegs, metal nails, and glue. Wood was shaped by carving, steam treatment, and the lathe, and furniture is known to have been decorated with ivory, tortoise shell, glass, gold or other precious materials.Richter, 125. Similarly, furniture could be veneered with expensive types of wood in order to make the object appear more costly,Richter, 125-126.

Elements rarely present on shallower shipwreck sites are beautifully preserved 200 m below the surface. There are currently few indications of how the planks of Sinop D are held together, as the bulk of the ship remains buried in sediments. There are no mortise and tenon fastenings, and no sewing. Sinop D was originally thought to be one of the earliest lateen-rigged ships available to be studied by archaeologists.

A larger undercut gallery with plain square wood posts spanning four-fifths of the façade and featuring a wooden deck and box columns replaced the original. Two exterior boards on either side of the front door have the mortise holes for the top and bottom porch rail of the original porch. Exterior Finishing - The entire house was covered with cedar weatherboard. At the front eave an intricate molding was installed.

This flower-inspired stern detail would later be widely used by both Greek and Roman ships. They had possibly developed a primitive type of keel, but still retained the large cables intended to prevent hogging. A schematic view of the mortise and tenon technique for shipbuilding that dominated the Mediterranean until the 7th century AD.Unger (1980), pp. 41–42 The design of the earliest oared vessels is mostly unknown and highly conjectural.

The axe edge is used to split the intervening timber away from the sides of the mortise, then the other end to lever out the split block. Their short handle allows them to be easily flipped end-for-end, making for quick working as each blade is used alternately. This is quicker to use than swapping between a chisel and a separate lever, safer than using a carefully sharpened chisel edge for levering.

The bow consists of a stick with a ribbon of horsehair strung between the tip and frog (or nut, or heel) at opposite ends. At the frog end, a screw adjuster tightens or loosens the hair. The frog may be decorated with two eyes made of shell, with or without surrounding metal rings. A flat slide usually made of ebony and shell covers the mortise where the hair is held by its wedge.

Biscuits are predominantly used in joining sheet goods such as plywood, particle board and medium-density fibreboard. They are sometimes used with solid wood, replacing mortise and tenon joints as they are easier to make and almost as strong. They are also used to align pieces of wood when joined edge-to-edge in making wider panels. It is important to use the same face when cutting the slots, so the boards are perfectly flush.

A chain mortiser used in timber framing For cutting larger mortises such as those used in timber frame construction, chain mortisers are commonly used. A chain with cutters (similar to a chainsaw chain) rotating within a frame clamped to the work is successively plunged into the workpiece to mortise out the required volume. The Makita 7104L is such a tool. These chains are made in varying widths, with numbers of chains in parallel.

Early one-story frame houses can be found along Pine and Orange Streets. Maple Street has several two-story style Rolling Mill Cottages. One can see the wrought iron square nails in the cedar siding, the mortise and tendon sills around windows and doorjambs, the learn-to-kitchen at the rear, and the unique Marx Brewery bottles excavated under the old porch and overhang. Most of these pioneer homes still stand proudly in Wyandotte.

241-3 The screw mechanism for changing hair tension is first mentioned in a French shop inventory of 1747. It was not universally accepted for over a decade as players were perfectly happy with "clip-in" models: a removable frog held in place by hair tension in a mortise carved into the stick, its tension adjusted by shims between hair and frog surface. However, baroque-style bows produced today almost universally adopt the screw mechanism.

The neutrons entered the assembly by a small hole through the ≈28 cm thick U blast-heat shield. It was positioned in front of the secondary assembly facing the primary. Similar to the tamper-fusion capsule assembly, the shield was shaped as a circular frustum, with its small diameter facing the primary's side, and with its large diameter locked by a type of mortise and tenon joint to the rest of the secondary assembly.

A one-story, shed roofed porch runs across the whole façade. The house has beaded weatherboard siding and a tall gable roof with a metal roof. The hewn timbers, pegged mortise-and-tenon joints, Carpenter brand locks, and sash sawn timbers reflect the state of construction practices in the region at the time. The details of the woodwork, especially the reeded pilasters and sunburst motifs on the mantelpieces, reflect the Federal style.

The trials with Chesma greatly affected the armour protection design of the Borodino-class ships. The Krupp cemented-armour plates were resized to match the frames and provide support for their joints; they were also locked together with mortise-and- tenon joints to better distribute the shock of a shell's impact. The waterline belt covered the middle of the ship. It had a total height of , of which was above the design waterline and below.

The pews are supported by three arched supports joined to the seat by a mortise and tenon joint and reinforced with nails. The newer pews exhibit identical design elements but are constructed with modern nails and timber. Though most of the pews are arranged against the church's west elevation with a center aisle, two are along the north elevation and four are along the south elevation. The pulpit is situated at the east elevation.

Tawana began construction of her Ark on August 8, 1982, using wood salvaged from abandoned buildings, connected with mortise and tenon joints. The ship's frame was 86 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 28 feet high. As she intended it to be both sculpture and a seaworthy vessel, she reinforced the Ark's bulkhead with iron and built five waterproof compartments. She intended to christen the Ark as the AKE Matsu Kaisha (Red Pine).

Disappointingly for ship scholars and historians of technology, there are few indications of how the planks of Sinop D are held together. There are no mortise and tenon fastenings, and no sewing. Shipwreck D may be one of the earliest lateen-rigged ships to be studied by archaeologists. The angle of the mast and the lack of fittings on it suggest that a lateen sail is the most likely configuration for such a small vessel.

After every trip the triremes were pulled ashore in special slides and the hypozomata was re-tightened. The trireme hulls were constructed from planks with closely spaced and pegged mortise and tenon joints. When these are fitted carefully the hull can carry shear stresses well and stay watertight. It was estimated that her ramming speed should have been in excess of , something the present reconstruction could not achieve, possibly because it was overweight.

Most early saltboxes, as with many other types of New England colonial houses, are timber-frame. Timber framing, or post-and- beam construction, involves joining large pieces of wood with woodworking joints, such as mortise-and-tenon joints, or with wooden pegs, braces, or trusses. Metal nails were sparingly used, as they were an expensive commodity at the time. The exterior of a saltbox was often finished with clapboard or other wooden siding.

Both bays end in small, gabled dependencies. The east (front) facade is five bays wide, asymmetrical but with a centrally located front entrance. The windows are in heavy mortise and tenon frames. In the front wall near the north end is a large embedded stone tablet explaining that the house "suffered no injury" when British troops burned Kingston on October 16, 1777, and that it was home to the van Steenburgh family for two centuries.

The vertical posts were long enough to extend about four feet above the ceiling joists. A top rail across the front (north side) of room 2 and the foyer and another across the rear (south side) of room 2 and the foyer tied the vertical beams all together. Each vertical post had a hand-made mortise at interior ceiling height to receive each ceiling joist, which had a tenon at each end.

Neither the room 2 nor the foyer framing used nails. During the restoration, the removed interior walls revealed that one of the vertical posts was larger than others and had an unused mortise. This indicated that mistakes were as common then as they are now, and that the builder found a way to adapt and use all available material. Interior Finishing - The foyer and room 2 had interior wall, floor, and ceiling boards installed.

The Hancock Warehouse is located south of Lindsay Road on the north bank of the York River, a short way east of the Sewall Bridge, which carries Seabury Road across the river. It is a rectangular 2-1/2 story wood frame structure measuring about , and is about tall. It has a gable roof and is finished in shingle siding. The interior is rough-hewn timber construction joined by mortise and tenon joints with wooden peg fasteners.

1\. The calcaneal internal rotation (adduction) and plantar flexion is the key deformity. The foot is adducted and plantar-flexed at the subtalar joint, and the goal is to abduct the foot and dorsiflex it. In order to achieve correction of the clubfoot, the calcaneus should be allowed to rotate freely under the talus bone, which also is free to rotate in the ankle mortise. The correction takes place through the normal arc of the subtalar joint.

Narrow staircases provide access between the floors. The attic has smaller windows on either gable, and a layer of concrete poured over the plank flooring as a form of fireproofing. The house is built in the Quereinhaus style that had become popular in rural Luxembourg in the 1840s. The style includes design features in use since medieval times, such as the mortise and tenon timber framing, massive stone walls, stucco façade, square windows, and half-hip roof.

In the generations that followed Tourte, ebony became the new standard material for frogs, Nicolas Lupot built upon Tourte's model to add the metallic underslide that reinforced the fragile ebony edges. Jacques LaFleur (1757–1853) devised a method of attaching the hair that suppressed the need for the conventional mortise, plug, and wedge. In Paris, Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume introduced an oval ferrule that allowed the hair ribbon to widen and flatten as the violinist augmented the pressure.

Greenlee Textron is an industrial and electrical tool company headquartered in Rockford, Illinois. It was founded in 1862 by brothers Robert and Ralph Greenlee to manufacture their invention, a drill surrounded by four chisel blades, used in making the pockets for a mortise and tenon joint for the furniture industry in Rockford. This device is still used in cabinetmaking. The brothers later diversified into a variety of hand woodworking tools as well as machinery for making wooden barrels.

This solution requires the installation of a series of micropiles that make up a three- dimensional grid, variably tilted and linked at the head by a rigid reinforced concrete mortise. This structure constitutes a reinforcement for the ground, inducing an intrinsic improvement of the ground characteristics incorporated in the micropiles. This type of measure is used in cases of smaller landslides. The effectiveness of micropiles is linked to the insertion of micropiles over the entire landslide area.

The house in 2008 Seven Chimneys is one of a dozen or so remaining examples of the original Dutch settler style located throughout the Hudson Valley region of New Jersey and lower New York state. The foundation of Seven Chimneys is built of rough stone and lime mortar. The handcut beam frame of the original house is constructed without nails, utilizing pegged mortise and tenon joints. The exterior is constructed of hand-chiseled Hudson River sandstone.

The ship was constructed around a long keel of thickness, which is believed to have survived intact. The front of the ship had a 61° angle of rake at the bow where the stem post was joined to the keel with mortise and tenon joints and secured with diameter rope. The hull planks were stitched onto the frames and keel through holes spaced at intervals. The boat had a keelson for added strength, which rested on the half-frames.

The structure of the building consists of mortise-and-tenon timber frame construction, with studs spaced roughly every twenty four inches. Floor joists are made of logs that have been worked flat on the top face. The wall finish on the interior consists of butt-joined horizontal boards that have been limewashed. Evidence in the wall and roof structure suggests that the interior space was once divided into two rooms, with a central chimney serving both spaces.

There is a Chinese idiom "方枘圆凿", or "方凿圆枘", (literally and respectively "square tenon and round mortise" and "square mortise and round tenon") that was originally derived from a line in the Verses of Chu (Chu ci) 楚辭), composed in the Warring States period (ended 221 BC), in which the poet Song Yu writes: "圆凿而方枘兮，吾固知其龃龉而难入。" The Han Dynasty historian Sima Qian and Tang Dynasty historian 司馬貞 used the same expression in their historical writings too.司馬遷．史記．卷七十四．孟子荀卿傳：「持方枘欲內圜鑿，其能入乎？」司馬貞．索隱：「謂戰國之時，仲尼、孟軻以仁義干世主，猶方枘圜鑿然。」 It is still widely used today to mean two things that don't fit together due to different qualities, characters or abilities.

The first European settlers arrived in the vicinity of Antioch in the last quarter of the 18th century. Samuel Barker Davis and his family were among the first to settle permanently in the village of Antioch, moving from Winchester Virginia in 1787. Davis, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War, established a gristmill and built a log residence, both of which are still standing in Antioch today. The mill is a four-story wooden structure of mortise and tenon construction.

The barn, like the machine shed, was constructed in the English barn style. It was also built in the mortise and tenon fashion, with pegged joinery and hand-hewn timber. Both center bays acted as hubs for grain harvesting, with the north acting as a drive-through for wagons and the south containing a threshing floor. The end bays have two levels, with the bottom level containing stalls for cattle and oxen and the top level acting as a hay loft.

The elevated buildings had an entrance ladder carved from a single log of wood. These buildings were apparently built of planks, using a mortise and tenon joinery method, which indicates that the builders had use of iron tools. Approximately 30 rice paddies were uncovered, along with of associated narrow canals and waterways. The site is now preserved as a public archaeological park with reconstructed buildings and rice fields, and is protected by the Japanese government as a National Historic Monument.

The correct use of a twybil is highly specialized, that of rapidly clearing out mortises. Mortises are rectangular holes used to take a tenon for several forms of joint, most obviously the common mortise and tenon joint. Mortises are always cut so that their long axis is along the grain of the wood. Traditionally these were first cut by drilling with a brace and bit to mark out each end, then the twybil used to break out the wood between them.

The 7th-century Atiranachanda cave temple is in the village of Saluvankuppam, north of Mamallapuram.K R Srinivasan (1964), Cave temples of the Pallavas, Archaeology Survey of India, Government of India, pages 125-130 It has a small facade, with two octagonal pillars with square sadurams (bases) and two four- sided pilasters. Behind the facade is an ardha-mandapa and a small, square sanctum. In front of the facade are empty mortise holes, probably later additions to a now-missing mandapa.

The house is a rectangular, two-story, five bay, Federal style structure with a single story rear addition. Large, axe-hewn beams were used for construction, and are joined at the corners by mortise and tenon joints and locked with wooden pegs. The facade has turned-back cornice moldings, a semi- circular windows at the gable end, and a center entrance with a fan-light window above the door. The windows are regularly spaced in the facade and contain small panes.

Verougstraete (2015), 247 The frame comprises a main frame nailed and screwed at the side to two outer parts. The borders do not show signs of having hinges, indicating that the work was meant as a stand-alone panel, and not as part of a triptych.Nash (2008), 31 The corners are assembled with mortise and tenon. Each corner is reinforced by two pegs.Verougstraete (2015), 246 The boards were originally painted a uniform brown, and were degraded by gloss and overprint over the centuries.

This included the Queen's throne, bed, chair, footstool, and neck rest that had been covered in fine gold leaf. Stewart discovered that the furniture was constructed using mortise and tenon joints. After nearly three years of work (mostly in a tent in the Giza desert, with one assistant), the pieces were displayed at the Cairo Museum. The many sketches, papers and notes made by Stewart on this project were discovered in a shed in Perthshire when his eldest daughter died in 1981.

The Bowling Eldridge House, also known as Ridgecrest, is a historic plantation house located near Lynchburg, Bedford County, Virginia. It was built between 1822 and 1828, and is a two-story, five bay dwelling of mortise-and-tenon frame construction. It has a gable roof with metal sheathing, exterior gable- end brick chimneys, a brick foundation, and beaded weatherboard siding. There is also an integral or earlier two-story ell with an exterior gable-end brick chimney and a pent room.

Original hooked quillion of the Pattern 1907 bayonet. The Pattern 1907 bayonet was supplied with a simple leather scabbard flitted with a steel top-mount and chape, it was usually carried from the belt by a simple frog. The Pattern 1907 bayonet attached to the SMLE by a boss located below the barrel on the nose of the rifle and a mortise groove on the pommel of the bayonet. The combined length of the SMLE and Pattern 1907 bayonet was .

In their current placement the sculptures are elevated to eye level on matching tall, narrow, rectangular stone bases constructed in three pieces and held together via mortise and tenon. The sculptures differ in that each is shown with a traditional iconographic indicator of the depicted season. Spring, to which the IMA assigned accession number LH2001.238, is distinguished by the presence of flower blossoms. The putto stands with his left leg forward, supporting on his left hip a woven basket filled with blossoms.

Key duplication is available in many retail hardware stores and as a service of the specialized locksmith, though the correct key blank may not be available. More recently, online services for duplicating keys have become available. In the UK, the majority of the mobile locksmiths will have a dual key cutting machine on their van. The key duplication machine will be able to cut both cylinder and mortise keys, as these are the most popular types of keys in circulation.

There are many types of woodworking chisels used for specific purposes, such as: ; Firmer chisel : has a blade with a thick rectangular cross section, making them stronger for use on tougher and heavier work. ; Bevel edge chisel : can get into acute angles with its bevelled edges. ; Mortise chisel : thick, rigid blade with straight cutting edge and deep, slightly tapered sides to make mortises and similar joints. ; Paring chisel : has a long blade ideal for cleaning grooves and accessing tight spaces.

Mann concluded that the Swaggerty Blockhouse was likely a cantilever barn built around 1860 by Jacob Stephens, rather than a frontier blockhouse built by James Swaggerty in 1787. The Swaggerty Blockhouse lacks certain characteristics typical of a frontier blockhouse, such as gun portals and a short degree of cantilever (2 feet or less). The mortise-and-tenon notching and frame design of the third story are more indicative of a 19th-century cantilever barn. The cutting date of the structure's logs (ca.

The framing, reputed to be grey ironbark, is generally square in section, hand cut and assembled off site prior to the final erection. Roman numerals and runes are inscribed in the timber to identify the position of each structural member. Joints, including cross- halved, checked and mortise and tenon, interlock the timber members giving the frame greater structural rigidity. Each member must be placed into position in the correct sequence during erection due to the complexity of the jointing system.

This tendency is displayed in the accompanying chart, which shows the significantly higher proportion of wrist and ankle injuries among the 186 injured in a 110,000 parachute jump study. Due to the possibility of fractures (commonly occurring on the tibia and the ankle mortise), it is recommended that parachutists wear supportive footwear. Supportive footwear prevents inward and outward ankle rolling, allowing the PLF to safely transfer impact energy through the true ankle joint, and dissipate it via the medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles.

This technology for ship construction persisted in Egypt for more than one thousand years and the standardization of this earliest phase of plank boat construction in Egypt is striking.Boat-building and its social context in early Egypt: interpretations from the First Dynasty boat-grave cemetery at Abydos , by Cheryl Ward. Antiquity 80: 118–129, 2006, p.124; retrieved March 17, 2008. “No mortise-and- tenon joints or pegs were used to join the edges of planks that made up the angular bottom and sides of Boat 10.

Big Otter Mill, also known as Forbes Mill, is a historic grist mill located near Bedford, Bedford County, Virginia, USA. It was built about 1920 and is a large, 2½-story, mortise-and-tenon framed mill building, topped by an unusual and picturesque mansard roof. The mill retains a nearly complete set of early-20th century machinery, including a 13-feet diameter water wheel, which was used until the late 1940s. Also on the property are a contributing mill race and the foundation of a store.

A more recent innovation is the horizontal mortiser, which incorporates a router mounted statically on its side with the workpiece clamped to a multi-axis sliding table. This type of mortiser can produce either traditional mortise and tenon pairs, however it excels at floating (or 'loose') tenons. A floating tenon is where both the pieces of wood that are to be joined have aligned mortises cut into them and a separate piece of wood is milled into a fitted tenon which is glued into the two mortises.

In 2004, Accu-Systems was rewarded a Challengers Award at the 2004 International Woodworking Fair "for its MMTJ single-sided CNC machine miter, mortise and tenon machine." In 2006, AccuSystems filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. In September 2010, AccuSystems announced the acquisition of Xtria RMS. AccuSystems' software, known as AccuAccount, is mainly used to electronically scan, store, and manage loan files and any other associated paperwork, while the Xtria RMS software, now known as Tickler, is used by financial institutions to track filing and transaction deadlines electronically.

In 1951, President Clark purchased and restored the Old Adobe Schoolhouse with his own resources, then donated it back to the people of Grantsville. When he died in 1961, his farm passed down to his children who later sold it. The Clark Historic Farm The barns beautifully display the craftsmanship of early Grantsville settlers, with hand-hewn beams and mortise and tenon construction. Although wooden pegs were used in place of nails throughout the barns, the structures stand plumb and strong after nearly 125 years.

A steep flight of concrete steps cut into the retaining wall to Mill Street alight onto a concrete path that finishes at a set of low timber steps to the open front verandah. The verandah balustrade is infilled with weatherboards and the floorboards are painted. Notches for mortise and tenon joints to the verandah posts may indicate the location of earlier balustrading. The front entrance door opens from the verandah into a central living area which is divided by a partition lined with vertical timber boards.

Three years after the house was completed, the Golls erected a barn to shelter their different types of livestock: horses, dairy cows, and possibly pigs. Like the house, the barn employed distinctive construction methods; its structure was based on wooden mortise and tenon construction, with the massive beams being made from oak trees cut on the property. In later years, the barn was modified several times; one of these renovations involved the raising of the entire structure by one story to simplify the keeping of livestock.

Greenlee is an American industrial and electrical tool company headquartered in Rockford, Illinois. It was founded in 1862 by brothers Robert and Ralph Greenlee to manufacture their invention, a drill surrounded by four chisel blades, used in making the pockets for a mortise and tenon joint, for the furniture industry in Rockford. This device is still used in cabinetmaking. The brothers later diversified into a variety of hand woodworking tools as well as machinery for making wooden barrels. The company was acquired by Textron in 1986.

By this time Forbestown was the largest town in the area, with hotels, saloons, doctors, a Justice of the Peace, shoe shops, a water company, general merchandise stores and even a brass band. Nearby Brownsville was growing too, with a lumber mill, cemetery, hotel and shops. It wasn't long before Abbott House had a new name - Woodville. Joseph constructed a barn made of hand-hewn beams measuring sixteen to twenty inches thick and fitted with mortise and tenon joints fastened by hand-carved wooden pegs.

There are five gas fireplaces with marble or stone hearths in the main house and two staircases, including a circular walnut and maple main staircase. The ceilings are coved on the second and third floors, and the third floor contains a ballroom or “dance hall” stretching twenty eight feet. The exterior is 4½” stone veneer quarried in Philadelphia and applied with a special mortise technique. The circular drive arrives at a matching stone portico with a tongue and groove ceiling and Spanish tile porch.

Carl J. Ekberg and Anton J. Pregaldin, Louis Bolduc: His Family And His House, Tucson, AZ: The Patrice Press, 2002 The steep hip roof, made of cedar shakes, was supported by heavy, hand-hewn Norman trusses held together by mortise and tenon joinery. It extends over the four sides of the house's porches to provide shade and cooling. The house is surrounded by a reconstructed stockade fence typical of the time (to keep out livestock that roamed in the area). Gardens have been reconstructed on the grounds.

This traditional tail vise also uses one large screw, either wooden or metal. It consists of a movable block with one or more dog holes in it, the movable block rides in a large mortise in the workbench. The jaw has a face that contacts the bench top, and the dog holes are in line with the dog holes on the bench top. The two main varieties of this vise depend on whether the screw nut is mounted in the bench or on the dog hole block.

The hull planking is also poorly preserved, but there were, however, thirteen strakes that may serve for extrapolation to the design of the entire ship. The strakes were fastened together by pegged mortise and tenon joinery and assembled in the classic shell-first construction. The spacing between mortises and the width of the mortises is very tight and they also appear to be slightly wider than the tenons. It is believed that the space left within the mortises was intended to compensate for possible misalignment of opposite mortises.

Laminate trimmers excel at this task due to their light weight and one-handed operation. Laminate trimmers have evolved to the point where they are essentially fully functional miniature routers. Apart from trimming and flushing, they can be used for jointing, rounding edges, chamfering, routing grooves and dados, dovetails, even mortise and tenons. A modern laminate trimmer can perform almost any task that a larger handheld router can do, with the caveat that the smaller machine may be limited in the size of bit that can physically fit within its collet and the base plate.

Multiple reducer gears in microwave oven (ruler for scale) Cast iron mortise wheel with wooden cogs (powered by an external water wheel) meshing with a cast iron gear wheel, connected to a pulley with drive belt. Oil mill in Storkensohn (Haut- Rhin), France. A gear or cog is a rotating machine part having cut teeth or, in the case of a cogwheel, inserted teeth (called cogs), which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque. Geared devices can change the speed, torque, and direction of a power source.

100 Only large, or high- quality work required the square ends and smoothed sides of a precise mortise, trimmed by this variety of chisels. The apprentice will often use all three mortising tools interchangeably and randomly, making much effort of removing the waste as small chips. The skilled framer uses each appropriately in turn, working faster, with less effort and not bothering to tear a large block of waste into fragments. They are also less likely to damage a precise edge by levering with a sharp, brittle chisel edge.

After graduating, Kucan moved back to California and became the lead designer for Hollywood's Mortise and Tenon and founded the Raw City Home Lounge design team. From 2005-2006, Daniel was the resident carpenter on Extreme Makeover: Home Edition, and was known for building in recycled and renewable materials, often resulting in unique compositions of off-beat character. Subsequently he hosted the Home & Garden Television series "Desperate Spaces" along with Lise Simms. From 2012 to 2013 he co-hosted the A&E; networks "Sell this House: Extreme" along with Tanya Memme.

Some woodworkers use round dogs which have been flattened on one side to avoid this issue. Square dog holes may be created using a mortiser or by using a chisel in the same way that a mortise is created. However the most common way to make these holes is to cut a series of dadoes in the edge of one of the boards that will make up the benchtop. When the boards are laminated together to form the benchtop, the dadoes form the square holes that are required.

The earliest record of the wafer tumbler lock in the United States is the patent in 1868 by Philo Felter. Manufactured in Cazenovia, New York, it used a flat double-bitted key. Felter's lock was patented only three years after Linus Yale, Jr. received a patent for his revolutionary pin tumbler mortise lock, considered to be the first pin tumbler lock of the modern era. That lock featured a flat steel key, referred to as a "feather key" because of the marked contrast with the heavy bit keys of the day.

The basement has exposed hewn ceiling beams wity a pulley for the butter churn once there. The attic's mortise and tenon framing is set at a wide angle and pegged without a ridge beam, a common practice in the middle of the 19th century. The two-story kitchen wing on the east has an early 20th- century kitchen on its second floor, with dry sink, hand pump and coal stove. Outbuildings start with a single-story gabled barn to the south with a shed addition on its west.

The style of gauge which uses a knife instead of a pin is often described as a cutting gauge. This tool is sometimes used to slightly "mark" the wood before a cut to prevent tearout later when doing the main cut with for example a circular saw. Other variations include a panel gauge which has a longer beam and larger headstock for scribing lines that are further from the reference edge. A mortise gauge has two pins that can be adjusted relative to each other at the end of the beam.

A high ankle sprain, also known as a syndesmotic ankle sprain (SAS), is a sprain of the syndesmotic ligaments that connect the tibia and fibula in the lower leg, thereby creating a mortise and tenon joint for the ankle. High ankle sprains are described as high because they are located above the ankle. They comprise approximately 15% of all ankle sprains. Unlike the common lateral ankle sprains, when ligaments around the ankle are injured through an inward twisting, high ankle sprains are caused when the lower leg and foot externally rotates (twists out).

Shelburne Museum’s collection of woodworking tools encompasses a wide variety of hand tools and machinery that craftspeople, such as carpenters, joiners, cabinetmakers, and coopers, used to provide essential goods and services to their local communities. Craftsmen, who worked primarily with readily available, native woods, required specialized tools to create their products. To construct buildings, early settlers would fell trees using axes and shape the logs into heavy, squared lumber with adzes. They would then interlock the lumber using mortise and tenon joints, secured with wooden pins, to create a structure's frame.

Unhappy with this compromise and the deceptive illusion that the arms and backrest were constructed from a single piece of wood, Wegner later updated the design to use a zigzag patterned finger joint to connect the three parts. In the Peacock chair, the connection of the legs to the seat is accentuated by the use of a darker wood wedge in the mortise and tenon joint. These features emphasize the process involved in bringing the furniture together and help inform the user of the craftsmanship employed in his work.

SHRIMPs cylindrical end The secondary assembly was the actual SHRIMP component of the weapon. The weapon, like most contemporary thermonuclear weapons at that time, bore the same codename as the secondary component. The secondary was situated in the cylindrical end of the device, where its end was locked to the radiation case by a type of mortise and tenon joint. The hohlraum at its cylindrical end had an internal projection, which nested the secondary and had better structural strength to support the secondary's assembly, which had most of the device's mass.

The entrance to the garden is flanked by two lion statues which were hand- sculptured from solid granite and gifted to the Dunedin Chinese Garden Trust by the Municipal Government of Shanghai. Just in front of the main door, a "river" forms a boundary between the outside and inside worlds.Information from Lan Yuan, Dunedin Chinese Garden visitor brochure Traditional Chinese construction methods were applied throughout the garden to avoid the use of any nails or other corrodible materials. All wooden structures, made from Chinese fir, are held together using mortise and tenon joints.

Emtek's logo Emtek Products, Inc. is a door and cabinet hardware manufacturer, based in the City of Industry, Los Angeles County and a subsidiary of Swedish company Assa Abloy. The brand produces a range of residential lock products, including tubular locks, interior door knobs and levers, key locking hardware sets, electronic keyless locks, deadbolts, hinges, dutch door bolts and Mortise locks, and are represented by dealers and showrooms in the United States, Latin America and Canada. They also provide cabinet and drawer pulls for interior spaces like Kitchen cabinets and bathroom cabinets.

Once the panels are inserted the bench joiner will assemble the outer stiles, cramp and ensure the door is square before wedging up the mortise and tenons of the outer stiles. After cleaning up and sanding the face and back of the door he will fit the bolection moulding and cover moulding in the standard way by screwing through slotted holes in the panels into the bolection moulding and then covering the screw heads with the internal cover moulding which is pinned to the frame of the door and not the panel.

It was a three- story post-and-beam structure with a full basement. The posts were to square. It was deemed significant as it probably was Louisa's oldest extant industrialand commercial establishment and it had "reinforced Louisa's regional status as a trade town, as it would bring area farmers here to trade their grain or to get it processed", and it was "a rare example of post and beam/mortise and tenon construction of such a large building for Eastern Kentucky." With Site, in 2014 The building appears to have been demolished by 2014.

A tenon is a projection on the end of a timber for insertion into a mortise. Usually, the tenon is taller than it is wide. There are several kinds of tenon: ;Stub tenon:short, the depth of which depends on the size of the timber; also a tenon that is shorter than the width of the mortised piece so the tenon does not show (as opposed to a "through tenon"). ;Through tenon:a tenon that passes entirely through the piece of wood it is inserted into, being clearly visible on the back side.

Oak Lawn is a historic plantation house and national historic district located near Huntsboro, Granville County, North Carolina. The plantation house was built about 1820, and is a two-story, five bay, transitional Federal / Georgian / Greek Revival style heavy timber frame dwelling. Also on the property are the contributing one-room former dwelling, smokehouse, barn, office, two-room kitchen, a small mortise and tenon barn and attached shed, a long frame packhouse, frame chicken barn, frame corn crib, and frame packhouse. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Unlike a standard key cylinder, which is accessible for combinating only via locking device disassembly, an interchangeable mechanism relies upon a specialized "control" key for insertion and extraction of the essential (or "core") combinating components. "Small format" interchangeable cores are in a figure-eight shape that is standard among lock manufacturers. "Large format" interchangeable cores are of varying sizes. Interchangeable cores can be extracted from one lock type (bored cylindrical lock, mortise lock, padlock and so forth) and then installed into another without requiring the removal or disassembly of any single component.

Union Valley Congregational Church, also known as Union Valley Community House, is a historic Congregational church located at Taylor in Cortland County, New York. It was built about 1849 and is a modestly scaled, one story meetinghouse building with a mortise and tenon timber frame built on an above grade rubble stone foundation. It is rectangular in shape, three bays wide and three bays deep, in the Greek Revival style with an overlay of Late Victorian elements. It features a stout belfry that risesfrom the crest of the roof.

The Alard–Baron Knoop Stradivarius of 1715 is an antique violin made by luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644-1737). It was made during Stradivari's golden period and is regarded as the "finest of the fine," and nec plus ultra by the W.E. Hill & Sons. The Alard has the original neck with the initials "PS" found in the mortise of the head believed to be those of son, Paolo Stradivari. The Hill brothers conclude this violin is one of the instruments that came into Paolo's possession upon the death of his brother Francesco in 1742.

Its timbers are hand-hewn and joined by mortise and tenons, the lath used in the walls is made of split wood. The front entry is framed by sidelight windows and pilasters, and topped by an entablature and gabled pediment. The house has a construction history dating to 1763 when John Perkins, a native of York, Maine, moved here with his bride. The house Perkins built was located on what is now Court Street, and initially consisted of a single-story structure corresponding to the rear ell of the house.

361 Notable exceptions to palpation are the hip joint, and the neck and body, or shaft of the femur. Usually, the large joints of the lower limb are aligned in a straight line, which represents the mechanical longitudinal axis of the leg, the Mikulicz line. This line stretches from the hip joint (or more precisely the head of the femur), through the knee joint (the intercondylar eminence of the tibia), and down to the center of the ankle (the ankle mortise, the fork-like grip between the medial and lateral malleoli).

They likely used a mortise construction, but were sewn together rather than pinned together with nails and dowels. Being completely open, they were rowed (or even paddled) from the open deck, and likely had "ram entries", projections from the bow lowered the resistance of moving through water, making them slightly more hydrodynamic. The first true galleys, the triaconters (literally "thirty-oarers") and penteconters ("fifty-oarers") were developed from these early designs and set the standard for the larger designs that would come later. They were rowed on only one level, which made them fairly slow, likely only 5-5.5 knots.

The Williamson House is located in a rural setting in northern Goshen, on the north side of a bend in Messer Road, about east of Nutting Road. It is a -story wooden house, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. It is distinct in Goshen's cluster of plank-frame houses in its use of two-inch planking instead of the more typical three inches. The walls are further likely to be load-bearing, as the house lacks corner posts, and are pinned to the frame rather than the more typical mortise-and-tenon method seen in other such houses.

It was, however, not built entirely shell-first, but involved some elements of skeleton or frame- first construction. The keel, extended by a long fore foot ending with a concave stempost tilted towards the back, was laid first, then edge jointed by mortise (10 to 12 cm deep and 8 cm wide) and tenon (20 to 22 cm long, 8 cm wide, and 1.5 cm thick), construction to three strakes. This first section of the ship, the keel and the first three planks, was made from elm. Floor timbers were then bolted directly to the keel, giving greater rigidity to the internal skeleton.

These are manufactured in squares and the edges fit together like a mortise and tenon joint. Like a floor on joists not on concrete, a second sheeting underlayment layer is added with staggered joints to disperse forces that would open a joint under the stress of live loads like a person walking. Three layers are common only in high end highest quality construction. The two layers in high quality construction will both be thick sheets (as will the third when present), but the two layers may achieve a combined thickness of only half-that in cheaper construction panel overlaid by plywood subflooring.

When timber was available, many crannogs were surrounded by a circle of wooden piles, with axe-sharpened bases that were driven into the bottom, forming a circular enclosure that helped to retain the main mound and prevent erosion. The piles could also be joined together by mortise and tenon, or large holes cut to carefully accept specially shaped timbers designed to interlock and provide structural rigidity. On other examples, interior surfaces were built up with any mixture of clay, peat, stone, timber or brush – whatever was available. In some instances, more than one structure was built on crannogs.

The house was thatched, > had a chimney, and was divided into four compartments; and with the > additional plastering, whitewashing, and fitting of doors and windows, I do > not think exceeded twenty pounds... A veranda tends materially to the > coolness of the habitation, by sheltering the walls from the > sun...Cunningham, pp 162-3 If only a top plate was used, the top of each slab was pushed up into the groove (a mortise). The bottom of the slab was merely set into a trench. When a wall bottom plate was used, it was also mortised.Edwards, Australian Traditional Bush crafts p.

19 observes that such a groove would fill with rainwater; a half-groove was preferred. Each slab was slid in at one end of these plates; on the bottom plate, an extra piece was cut out at one end of the groove to widen it and allow each slab to be fitted in: this piece was replaced after the last slab was inserted. Another method was to make a much deeper mortise in the top plate. In this case, each slab was lifted up into the deep top groove and then dropped into the bottom one.

The Golden Plough Tavern was built by Martin Eichelberger in 1741 and is a two-story, Germanic influenced medieval style building. The tavern is quite significant for its age and social history but is also an exceptional museum of historic carpentry and vernacular architecture. The ground floor wall construction is a rare type which blends timber framing with log building. These walls are framed and the spaces between the posts are infilled with hewn beams, each beam fitted into its own mortise, and the gaps between the beams chinked with stones and mud like a log cabin.

The John Shastid House is a timber frame house, a style which used wooden beams for structural support. The house is built from squared beams connected by mortise and tenon joints, the characteristing method of timber frame construction; the style differs from both log cabins, which used rounded logs, and balloon framing, which typically used nails and smaller beams. The beams were hewn rather than sawn, an unusual technique that likely resulted from Pittsfield's lack of a sawmill in 1838. Well-preserved timber frame houses are rare in Illinois, and the Shastid House is the only surviving example of the method in Pittsfield.

Large pillars supporting roof slabs Some specific architectural features which evolved with the Bayon style are clearly discerned in this temple. The roof is supported on free-standing pillars in the eastern and western pavilions in the third enclosure, built in a cruciform plan with the inner row of pillars supporting the roof. The pillars are also tied to the wall by a tie beam using a "mortise–and–tenon join" patterned on wooden structures. Other features noted are of the four central pillars in the western pavilion which have been strengthened with temporary supports of laterite stone block pillars.

There are specialty electric strikes that hold the electric strike keeper open until the door with the extended deadbolt closes back into the electric strike to "recapture" the extended deadbolt. Mortise type locksets tend towards larger projecting latches from the door to engage deeper in the frame and electric strikes used for these locking mechanisms require more cutting and space in the frame. Rim exit devices (panic bars or crash bars) are required in many buildings as a 'single motion' means of egress and electric strikes used in these situations are typically different than electric strikes for other situations.

From material recovered he added the knowledge that mortise and tenon joints had been used in their construction. Despite the successful salvage of entire structures and parts, there was no academic interest in the ships, so no further research was performed. The objects recovered were lost and their fate remains unknown. An artistic depiction of a Nemi Ship by CM Knight-Smith, c 1906 By 1827, interest had revived and it had become a widespread belief that earlier material recovered had either been part of a temple to Diana or was from the villa of Julius Caesar cited by Suetonius.

Imperator Aleksandr III was built by the Russud Shipyard at Nikolayev. She was laid down on 30 October 1911, but this was just a ceremonial event as the design had not yet been finalized or the contract signed. She suffered from a number of delays during construction. First the method of fastening the armour to its supports was changed and the armour plates were locked together by a type of mortise and tenon joint to better distribute the shock of an impact based on the full- scale armour trials conducted using the hulk of the old pre-dreadnought battleship in 1913.

The full-scale armor trials with the hulk of the old pre- dreadnought battleship greatly affected the armor protection of the Imperatritsa Mariya-class ships. The Krupp cemented armor plates were sized to match the frames to provide support for their joints and they were locked together by a type of mortise and tenon joint to better distribute the shock of a shell's impact. The waterline belt had a maximum thickness of . It was continued forward and aft of the citadel by plates and thick. These reduced to and then to 75 millimeters just before the bow.

Timber-framed structures differ from conventional wood-framed buildings in several ways. Timber framing uses fewer, larger wooden members, commonly timbers in the range of 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in), while common wood framing uses many more timbers with dimensions usually in the 5- to 25-cm (2- to 10-in) range. The methods of fastening the frame members also differ. In conventional framing, the members are joined using nails or other mechanical fasteners, whereas timber framing uses the traditional mortise and tenon or more complex joints that are usually fastened using only wooden pegs.

The MAC 32 Reibel prototype, and a Darne machine gun on display at the Ouvrage Fermont museum. The Darne machine gun is gas operated, firing from open bolt in full automatic only. Breech is locked by tilting the rear part of the bolt up into the mortise cut in the roof of receiver (A la M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle). The Darne machine gun has an unusual belt feed between the gas piston and barrel, using the two-stage cartridge feed system (cartridge withdrawn from the belt to the rear, and then pushed forward into the barrel).

District School Number Five, also known as "The Little Red Schoolhouse," is a historic one room school building located at Campbell in Steuben County, New York. It was built during the spring and summer of 1839 with a hand hewn timber frame of mortise and tenon construction. The schoolhouse is part of the Watson Homestead Conference and Retreat Center, deeded to the Genesee Conference of the Methodist Church by IBM founder Thomas J. Watson, Sr. Watson attended the school as a child. Also on the property is a small frame structure that served as privy and woodshed.

The building itself is constructed entirely of English oak, with mortise and tenon joints and is, in this sense, an "authentic" 16th-century timber-framed building as no structural steel was used. The seats are simple benches (though cushions can be hired for performances) and the Globe has the first and only thatched roof permitted in London since the Great Fire of 1666. The modern thatch is well protected by fire retardants, and sprinklers on the roof ensure further protection against fire. The pit has a concrete surface, as opposed to earthen-ground covered with strewn rush from the original theatre.

The oldest archaeological examples of mortise and tenon type woodworking joints were found in China dating to about 5000 BC. The Yingzao Fashi is the oldest complete technical manual on Chinese architecture. The Chinese followed the state rules for thousands of years so many of the ancient, surviving buildings were built with the methods and materials still used in the 11th century. Chinese temples are typically wooden timber frames on an earth and stone base. The oldest wooden building is the Nanchan Temple (Wutai) dating from 782 AD. However, Chinese temple builders regularly rebuild the wooden temples so some parts of these ancient buildings are of different ages.

Twenty-two pairs of internal frames, also made of oak, were arranged head to tail to give almost vertical sides. All the pairs consisted of two timbers, each made of a single naturally bent timber which was cut from a tree junction (main trunk as floor support, and branch junction as side support). In every case, frames were always installed in pairs covering the whole length of the bottom, but alternatively supporting only one side of the hull. The only exception is a sixth pair, which was a single piece of oak with a mortise cut in the center to function as a mast-step.

One possibility is that the change occurred because of the gradual evolution of the ancient shell-first mortise and tenon hull construction method, against which rams had been designed, into the skeleton-first method, which produced a stronger and more flexible hull, less susceptible to ram attacks. Certainly by the early 7th century, the ram's original function had been forgotten, if we judge by Isidore of Seville's comments that they were used to protect against collision with underwater rocks. As for the lateen sail, various authors have in the past suggested that it was introduced into the Mediterranean by the Arabs, possibly with an ultimate origin in India.

When the body is complete, the neck, which is carved out of a separate piece of wood (usually maple), is set in its mortise to complete the basic structure of the instrument, after which it is varnished. Violin taken down, with upright soundpost visible through the sound hole. Vital to the sound and playability of the instrument is setup, which includes adjusting the neck angle if needed, fitting the pegs so they turn smoothly and hold firmly, dressing the fingerboard to the proper scooped shape, fitting the soundpost and bridge, adjusting the tailgut and installing the tailpiece, and stringing up. A removable chinrest may be put on at this time.

The central bays are the widest and grow narrower toward the extremities to draw attention to the center of the building. The bay lengths are the same across both floors except for the outermost of the second floor, which are half the length of the lower floor. The exterior and interior columns are connected laterally at the heads with mortise and tenon joints, reinforced with thick lintels that rest on the tenons, and to each other by a series of crossbeams. The extensive latticework installed between the columns allows light to flood the inner sanctuary and creates a more open environment than other contemporary structures.

It may also occur in football, for example, when a player is on the ground with their leg behind them, the foot at right angles, and a rotational force is suddenly applied to the heel, as when someone falls on their foot. Overall, the most common mechanism is external rotation and may occur with sufficient rapidity that the actual mechanism is unrecognized. In this sequence of events, the most vulnerable structure is the anterior inferior tibio-fibular ligament, uniting the lower end of the tibia and fibula and playing an important role in the maintenance of the mortise. The injury to this ligament may vary from simple stretch to complete rupture.

None of them performs sufficiently well to allow diagnosis to be made on the basis of a single test, and is usually made by combining multiple tests supplemented with appropriate imaging when indicated. Plain radiographs, Ultrasound or MRI may be used for diagnosis. In the case of X-rays, demonstration of widening of the tibia and fibula 'mortise', a fracture of the medial malleolus, or a Maisonneuve fracture, will indicate an unstable or potentially unstable injury. However, 'normal' x-rays do not exclude significant ligament injury, and in one study, the ratio of diagnostic X-ray to known syndesmotic injury was only one in 17.

The Danish Bronze Age ship, Hjortspring, is the earliest evidence for clinker construction in Northern Europe dating to the 4th century BCE. The most well-known examples of this construction type are attributed to the Vikings with ships like the Oseberg, Gokstad, The Roskilde Viking ships and the Schlei fjord wrecks, just to name a few. Carvel building was one of the critical developments that led to the pre- eminence of Western European seapower during the Age of Sail and beyond. Carvel construction developed from the age-old Mediterranean mortise and tenon joint method to the skeleton-first hull building technique, which gradually emerged in the medieval period.

Sunset over Lough Gill with Parke’s Castle in Foreground The castle had extensive and sensitive restoration carried out at the end of the 20th century by the Office of Public Works. The window glazing was reinstated, and local artisans restored the timber stair and the mortise and tenon oak roof, using techniques of the 17th century. The walls of the original bawn were a spacious pentagonal defensive area, with the O'Rourke tower house placed in the centre of the courtyard. The stones of O’Rourke’s tower were used to build the three-storey manor on the eastern side, eventually adorned with mullioned windows and diamond-shaped chimneys.

Day also employed dovetail and mortise- and-tenon joint techniques in his crafting. Day often used mahogany veneers on his furniture, a technique he came to be known for. Common motifs found in Day's furniture include s-scroll and s-curve shapes as well as thumb shapes in both positive and negative space. The scroll and curve shapes were often used as support pieces for his furniture, such as armrests and legs on chairs and tables, and were employed as a distraction from the large size and heaviness of some of his pieces, especially those that followed the early Gothic trends of large arched designs topping wardrobes and bookshelves.

The land on which Marburg was built was previously part of a larger 90 acre farm called "Beechwood Farm" owned by wealthy merchant Bolling Haxall during the mid-19th century. Haxall did not reside at Beechwood Farm, but instead used it as a tenant farming operation for added income. Maps from the period show several farm structures in the general vicinity of these cottages but all were thought to have been lost over time. Dixon Kerr, a noted window restoration expert who rehabilitated the old windows, discovered they were single hung sashes with mortise and tenon joinery, both of which date to the antebellum period.

The island features a prominent black and white stucco-covered wood pyramidal daybeacon, or channel marker, resting atop a granite base erected by the Boston Marine Society in 1805. Reaching a height of approximately , the beacon serves as a Federal aide to navigation, warning passing ships of one of the harbor's most hazardous shoals. Originally sheathed in slate shingles, the pyramid likely received its concrete coating some time between World War I and World War II. A granite block stairway accesses the pyramid at the base's south side. The pyramid's hollow innards comprise a mortise-and-tenon wood structural system supported by cross-members radiating from a central column.

Details from below Decorative rings and ogees between the structural ribs of the bridge suggest that the final design was Pritchard's, as the same elements appear in a gazebo he rebuilt. A foreman at the foundry, Thomas Gregory, drew the detailed designs for the members, resulting in the use of carpentry jointing details such as mortise and tenon joints and dovetails. The two outer ribs are engraved with the words: "This bridge was cast at Coalbrook-Dale and erected in the year MDCCLXXIX". Two supplemental arches, of similar cast iron construction, carry a towpath on the southern bank and also act as flood arches.

The term "Hotchkiss gun" also refers to the Hotchkiss revolving cannon, a rotating barrel weapon invented in 1872 by Benjamin B. Hotchkiss (1826–1885), founder of Hotchkiss & Co. It was used by German authorities in the 19th century.Though superficially resembling a Gatling gun the internals are very different, having only one firing pin rather than a firing mechanism for every barrel. It was a built-up, rifled, rapid-fire gun of oil-tempered steel, having a rectangular breechblock which moved in a mortise cut completely through the jacket. It was designed to be light enough to travel with cavalry, and had an effective range beyond that of rifled small-arms.

On clinical examination, it is important to evaluate the exact location of the pain, the range of motion and the condition of the nerves and vessels. It is important to palpate the calf bone (fibula) because there may be an associated fracture proximally (Maisonneuve fracture), and to palpate the sole of the foot to look for a Jones fracture at the base of fifth metatarsal (avulsion fracture). Evaluation of ankle injuries for fracture is done with the Ottawa ankle rules, a set of rules that were developed to minimize unnecessary X-rays. There are three x-ray views in a complete ankle series: anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique (or "mortise view").

The mortise view an anteroposterior x-ray taken with the ankle internally rotated until the lateral malleolus is on the same horizontal plane as the medial malleolus, and a line drawn through both malleoli would be parallel to the tabletop, resulting in a position where there normally is no superimposition of tibia and fibula on each other.Ankle Injuries: A Sprained Ankle? Radiology Cases in Pediatric Emergency Medicine Volume 3, Case 3 Alson S. Inaba MD Kapiolani Medical Center For Women And Children University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine. Retrieved May 2011 It usually requires 10 to 20 degrees of internal rotation.

The earlier episodes of the series consisted of comedy sketches that loosely followed a theme. Some of the comedy routines involved a tortoise named Mortise teaching children about safety, a documentarian named Mr. History who talks about past generations of freshmen, the bumbling, freshmen-hating, vice principal Mr. Lippman imagining himself as a stand-up comedian telling really bad jokes that insult freshmen, and a student named Billy Cushman who, though his appearance was occasional, provided not only a good example of how not to behave, but also a good example of flatulence. Each episode had two or three short skits about the gang's misadventures in high school.

The bracing cross pieces of the lower frame structure are applied, while there are at the top of the cross pieces of wood mortise and tenon joints. The pediments over the open belfry are crowned with golden knobs, and the roof spouts are decorated with Gargoyles from painted copper sheets. The subsequent installation of two tie rods was done in 1778, and included the removal of the shingle at the bottom of the screen for the installation of tie rods, in order to stabilize the pointed helmet. These were anchored to the belfry and thus passed the bells vibrations directly to the construction of the turret's vault.

The boat's construction conforms to other boats built in that part of the Mediterranean during the period between 100 BCE and 200 CE. Constructed primarily of cedar planks joined together by pegged mortise and tenon joints and nails, the boat is shallow drafted with a flat bottom, allowing it to get very close to the shore while fishing. However, the boat is composed of ten different wood types, suggesting either a wood shortage or that the boat was made of scrap wood and had undergone extensive and repeated fixes. The boat was row-able, with four staggered rowers, and also had a mast allowing the fishermen to sail the boat.

The Dazheng Hall(大政殿) and the Shiwang Pavilion(十王亭)built for the Nurhachi period. It was founded in 1625 and is the place where the emperor held the "Great Ceremony" and the office of the Eight Banners Minister. Dazheng Temple is an octagonal heavy-duty building with a yellow glazed tile and green trimming, 16 multicoloured glazed ridges, large wooden frame structure, with Mortise and tenon joint, flying roof arch, colour painting and dragon plate, which is the traditional architectural form of the Han Dynasty. Additionally, the decoration of Cintamani and the Sanskrit ceiling add the feature of the religious and ethnic minority architecture style.

The house, a mixture of federal and Greek Revival architecture, was originally constructed from a kit manufactured in Cincinnati, the components of which were shipped down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to Rodney, Mississippi, and transported to Red Lick by wagons along with a crew supplied by the manufacturer, believed to be Hinkle, Guild & Co. The frame of the house, of post-and-beam, mortise-and-tenon construction, includes numerous interchangeable components (indicating manufactured millwork), with Roman numeral markings. The original foundation sills were hewn on site, with manufactured framework of poplar, spruce and fir, exterior siding and trim of cypress, walls and ceilings of tongue-in- groove spruce and fir and floors of heart pine.

The stones and the surrounding land are in the care of the National Trust and are open to the public. Until the mid nineteenth century the smaller stone was further south but in 1856 a local landowner, Lord Dillon, had it turned over to discover if it had a mortise hole (it did not). Its present position has led to fanciful tales of its being a sacrificial altar stone and so, in common with many other megalithic monuments, modern pagan meetings and rituals are associated with it. In October 2007 the larger stone was vandalised by unknown person(s) who painted the white outline of a Christian cross onto the side facing the smaller.

In a half lap joint or halving joint, material is removed from both of the members so that the resulting joint is the thickness of the thickest member. Most commonly in half lap joints, the members are of the same thickness and half the thickness of each is removed. With respect to wood joinery, this joint, where two long-grain wood faces are joined with glue, is among the strongest in ability to resist shear forces, exceeding even mortise and tenon and other commonly-known "strong" joints. Wood Magazine "Wood Joint Torture Test" With respect to metal welding, this joint, made by overlapping the edges of the plate, is not recommended for most work.

The first factory (in 1923) was at 49 Shotwell Street. Because the bored cylindrical lock had a decided ease of installation advantage over the contemporary mortise lock, demand for the Schlage-designed lock rose and the company would purchase land in Visitacion Valley in 1925, which would eventually become the company's Bayshore factory and administration complex. Eight buildings were eventually erected at the Bayshore complex, the first two of which (the Old Office and Plant 1) were dedicated in a ceremony on June 25, 1926 attended by dignitaries including Mayor James "Sunny Jim" Rolph. Charles Kendrick took over as Chief Executive after making a sizable investment in the company, and served as Chief through his retirement in 1969.

1859, is a frame structure with mortise-and-tenon construction, made of hand-hewn virgin pine. About 60 years later, a local craftsman and congregation member named Frank B. Haigler added an unusual faux bois finish to all interior surfaces other than the floor. The building was expanded by two Sunday school rooms added after World War II. The cemetery is "laid out in a fairly regular gridiron pattern with a variety of modest stone grave markers and minimal landscaping." with The modern Cartecay United Methodist Church, whose address is 7629 Highway 52 East, in Ellijay, has a new building behind the historic one.The new and old buildings can be seen in photos, e.g.

The bolt face was rebated so as to surround the case rim, and was chamfered to fit the recessed receiver ring. Dual-opposed sprung claw extractors were inlet into the sides of the bolt, providing controlled cartridge feed. A fixed blade-type ejector was located at the rear of the loading platform. The original Johnson trigger mechanism, a two-stage or compound-motion military type derived, again, from his Model D, made use of a horizontal sear pivoted from the front; the trigger fit vertically through a pinned mortise in the sear and was shaped at the top so as to cam against the underside of the bolt and depress the assembly, releasing the firing pin; it was a cock-on-closing design.

Just two years later, Hiram S. Shepardson produced a different type of wafer tumbler lock, which used a single-bitted flat steel key, similar to Yale's feather key. By 1878, Yale Lock had purchased Shepardson's company, The United States Lock Company, as well as Felter's American Lock Manufacturing Company. For the next 35 years, production of wafer tumbler locks languished in the U. S. And while Felter and Shepardson had designed their wafer tumbler locks for a variety of applications such as drawer and desk locks as well as padlocks and door locks, the wafer tumbler locks made during this era were mainly used for doors in mortise locks and night-latches. Emil Christoph developed a wafer tumbler lock in 1913 which used a double-bitted key.

Unlike iron nails, the wooden pins would expand and contract with the building's frame. All of the museum's historic structures, but most clearly the second floor of the Horseshoe Barn, reflect mortise and tenon joinery. The American building trade became highly specialized: sawyers would work in teams to saw boards and planks from felled timber; carpenters would frame houses, lay floors, and build staircases; joiners focused on finer work, such as fitting joints, framing doors and windows, and preparing paneling, moldings and trim; while cabinetmakers, who employed many of the same skills as joiners, created chests-of-drawers, desks, tables, and other furniture. Planes, used to prepare surfaces, fit joints, and cut particular decorative shapes for moldings and trim, remained the most specialized tool that woodworkers used.

Electric strikes can be differentiated in a number of ways, frame type it can be installed in, duty (continuous or intermittent), and which variety of locking mechanism on the door it can work with. The four most common locking mechanisms concerned with electric strikes are Cylindrical, Deadbolt, Mortise, and Rim Panic Exit Devices. Cylindrical electric strikes are generally the cheapest due to their use in residential markets. Deadbolts, also known as deadlocks, do not have a spring mechanism which generally means the strike for a deadbolt is 'hold' only (the deadbolt is thrown and it engages in the electric strike cavity, the electric strike can release it but cannot subsequently 'recapture it' since the deadbolt lacks the spring latching capability of the other lock sets).

However, E. scansoria is not a true placental mammal as it lacks some features that are specific to placentals. These include the presence of a malleolus at the bottom of the fibula, the smaller of the two shin bones, a complete mortise and tenon upper ankle joint, where the rearmost bones of the foot fit into a socket formed by the ends of the tibia and fibula, and an atypical ancestral eutherian dental formula of . Eomaia had five upper and four lower incisors (much more typical for metatherians) and five premolars to three molars. Placental mammals have only up to three incisors on each top and bottom and four premolars to three molars, but the premolar/molar proportion is similar to placentals.

Although the SRB was not designed to function this way, it appeared to work well enough, and Morton-Thiokol changed the design specs to accommodate this process, known as extrusion. While extrusion was taking place, hot gases leaked past (a process called "blow-by"), damaging the O-rings until a seal was made. Investigations by Morton-Thiokol engineers determined that the amount of damage to the O-rings was directly related to the time it took for extrusion to occur, and that cold weather, by causing the O-rings to harden, lengthened the time of extrusion. The redesigned SRB field joint used subsequent to the Challenger accident used an additional interlocking mortise and tang with a third O-ring, mitigating blow-by.

The most remarkable Neolithic structure in Western Europe is the iconic megalith known as Stonehenge, regarded by some archaeologists as displaying methods of timber construction such as at woodhenge translated into stone,Atkinson, Richard, Stonehenge Penguin Books 1956 a process known as petrification. The now ruinous remains are of post and lintel construction and include massive sandstone lintels which were located on supporting uprights by means of mortise and tenon joints; the lintels themselves being end-jointed by the use of tongue and groove joints.A paper showing the joints used at Stonehenge There is also evidence of prefabrication of the stonework; the symmetrical geometric arrays of stone clearly indicate that the builders of Stonehenge had mastered sophisticated surveying methods.Johnson, Anthony, Solving Stonehenge: The New Key to an Ancient Enigma.

This house is on the property at Maple Springs, but it is not within the boundary of the National Register listing Maple Springs is a historic home and farm located at Jeffersonton, Culpeper County, Virginia. It was built in three sections. The first section is of heavy mortise-and-tenon frame construction; section two is of planked log construction, and appears to have been built about 1775 and joined together to form a hall-parlor-plan dwelling in the mid-1800s; and section three is of lighter and cruder frame construction, was originally a detached or semi-detached unit that was joined to the house around 1900 to serve as a kitchen. It features large fieldstone chimneys on the first and second section gable ends, one with a brick stack.

The architect Li Jie (1065–1110), who published the Yingzao Fashi ('Treatise on Architectural Methods') in 1103, greatly expanded upon the works of Yu Hao and compiled the standard building codes used by the central government agencies and by craftsmen throughout the empire. He addressed the standard methods of construction, design, and applications of moats and fortifications, stonework, greater woodwork, lesser woodwork, wood-carving, turning and drilling, sawing, bamboo work, tiling, wall building, painting and decoration, brickwork, glazed tile making, and provided proportions for mortar formulas in masonry. In his book, Li provided detailed and vivid illustrations of architectural components and cross-sections of buildings. These illustrations displayed various applications of corbel brackets, cantilever arms, mortise and tenon work of tie beams and cross beams, and diagrams showing the various building types of halls in graded sizes.

Unlike European- derived styles, table designs based on this style will nearly always contain a frame-in-panel top, the panel serving as the tabletop center and the frame sometimes also serving as what would be rails on a European table. Cabinets in this style have a top that does not protrude beyond the sides or front. The critical element in almost all pieces of this type is the mitered joints, especially the 3-way mitered joining of the leg and two horizontal pieces at each corner. The Yoke and Rack construction differs critically in the way that the legs of the piece are joined to the horizontal portion (be it tabletop, seat or cabinet carcass) using a type of wedged mortise-and-tenon joint where the end grain of the leg is visible as a circle in the frame of the tabletop.

Depictions of upward- pointing beaks in the 4th-century Vatican Vergil manuscript may well illustrate that the ram had already been replaced by a spur in late Roman galleys. One possibility is that the change occurred because of the gradual evolution of the ancient shell-first mortise and tenon hull construction method, against which rams had been designed, into the skeleton-first method, which produced a stronger and more flexible hull, less susceptible to ram attacks. Certainly by the early 7th century, the ram's original function had been forgotten, if we judge by Isidore of Seville's comments that they were used to protect against collision with underwater rocks. As for the lateen sail, various authors have in the past suggested that it was introduced into the Mediterranean by the Arabs, possibly with an ultimate origin in India.

Early Egyptians also knew how to fasten the planks of this ship together with mortise and tenon joints. Seagoing ship from Hateshepsut's Deir el-Bahari temple relief of a Punt ExpeditionLarge seagoing ships are known to have been heavily used by the Egyptians in their trade with the city states of the eastern Mediterranean, especially Byblos (on the coast of modern-day Lebanon), and in several expeditions down the Red Sea to the Land of Punt. In fact one of the earliest Egyptian words for a seagoing ship is a "Byblos Ship", which originally defined a class of Egyptian seagoing ships used on the Byblos run; however, by the end of the Old Kingdom, the term had come to include large seagoing ships, whatever their destination. In 2011, archaeologists from Italy, the United States, and Egypt excavating a dried-up lagoon known as Mersa Gawasis have unearthed traces of an ancient harbor that once launched early voyages like Hatshepsut's Punt expedition onto the open ocean.

The ankle mortise, the fork-like structure of the malleoli, holds these three articulate surfaces in a steady grip, which guarantees the stability of the ankle joint. However, because the trochlea is wider in front than at the back (approximately 5–6 mm) the stability in the joint vary with the position of the foot: with the foot dorsiflexed (toes pulled upward) the ligaments of the joint are kept stretched, which guarantees the stability of the joint; but with the foot plantarflexed (as when standing on the toes) the narrower width of the trochlea causes the stability to decrease.Thieme Atlas of Anatomy (2006), p 406 Behind the trochlea is a posterior process with a medial and a lateral tubercle separated by a groove for the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus. Exceptionally, the lateral of these tubercles forms an independent bone called os trigonum or accessory talus; it may represent the tarsale proximale intermedium.

The lowest longitudinal member, at the point of the V-section, was approximately parallel to the ground when at rest, so that the two upper members sloped gradually from front to rear. To avoid weakening the frame by mortise and tenon joints between the longitudinal members and the struts, the latter abutted against the former and were held in place by right-angled steel brackets, which were bound to the wooden members by strips of Irish linen tape soaked in glue, the glue still being wet when the tape was bound, setting in situ. The corners of the angle brackets were indented at the apex to provide room for a steel pin and also provided with a horizontal slot across the corner, so that a bracing wire could pass through the slot and around the pin, enabling a simple, secure and easily replaceable mounting for the bracing wires which kept the frame in shape. Each of the corners of each triangular set of struts was braced to the diagonally opposite corner of the adjacent set.

The house is octagonal in plan and lozenge-shape in section, and is often described as a "flying saucer". Since there are effectively no solid external walls – the entire outer "face" of the house is eight large picture windows – the Chemosphere enjoys a panoramic view over the San Fernando valley. The massive, radiating glued laminated timber roof bearers and crossbeams, which echo the keel and ribs of a ship hull, were built by de la Vaux using the same type of mortise joints he had used in his boat building.John de la Vaux, quoted in Infinite Space: The Architecture of John Lautner, Googie Films, 2009 Construction of the highly unusual project saw the initial $30,000 budget blow out to over $100,000, but fortunately Malin and Lautner were able to cover the shortfall by obtaining corporate sponsorship, including funding from the Southern California Gas Company and support from the Chemseal Corporation of America, who provided sealants, plastics and other materials, in return for use of the house for promotions and the right to name the house the "Chemosphere" for advertising purposes.

In 1883 Alexander Ballantyne and Albert Henry Payson, working for the United States Lighthouse Board designed a wharf, stone-cutter's shed, mess hall and housing adjacent to the Humboldt Harbor Lighthouse to prepare and dress hundreds of 2.5 ton granite boulders transported from the Mad River Quarry on railroad flatbed cars transported on barges across the bay. After the stones were cut precisely to full scale templates with a mortise and tenon such that each would fit only one adjacent block precisely, they were wrapped in rope netting, loaded on a narrow gauge railway by steam-driven crane and moved to the wharf from which they were loaded by another steam crane to specially fitted steamer ships to be taken to form the foundation of the St. George Reef Light, on the site of the fatal Brother Jonathan wreck offshore Crescent City, California. It cost $117,000 to quarry and ship, operate the facility and pay the help in 1884, a figure which was higher than expected due to the non-stop rain. The quarry operated from 1884 to 1891, commanded by Chief Payson from 1887 after whom the settlement was named.

The vertebral column consists of an atlas (composed of two vertebrae) without ribs; numerous precaudal vertebrae, all of which, except the first or first three, bear long, movable, curved ribs with a small posterior tubercle at the base, the last of these ribs sometimes forked; two to ten so-called lumbar vertebrae without ribs, but with bifurcate transverse processes (lymphapophyses) enclosing the lymphatic vessels; and a number of ribless caudal vertebrae with simple transverse processes. When bifid, the ribs or transverse processes have the branches regularly superposed. The centra have the usual ball and socket joint, with the nearly hemispherical or transversely elliptic condyle at the back (procoelous vertebrae), while the neural arch is provided with additional articular surfaces in the form of pre- and post- zygapophyses, broad, flattened, and overlapping, and of a pair of anterior wedge-shaped processes called zygosphene, fitting into a pair of corresponding concavities, zygantrum, just below the base of the neural spine. Thus the vertebrae of snakes articulate with each other by eight joints in addition to the cup-and-ball on the centrum, and interlock by parts reciprocally receiving and entering one another, like the mortise and tenon jointery.

The second owner, who ultimately lived on the property, bought it in 1847 and held it for forty-seven years until 1894. Most of the phase 2 and subsequent construction probably occurred during this period. During this timeframe, balloon framing was a popular and inexpensive technique for many farm houses in the 19th century. Requiring no specialized skills, it utilized long continuous framing members (studs) that ran from sill plate to eave line with intermediate floor structures nailed to them, with the heights of window sills, headers and next floor height marked out on the studs. Surprisingly, balloon framing was not used on the c1850 addition, but rather a more complex method of mortise and tenon joinery that typically requires highly skilled workmen. The foyer, room 2, gable roof, and the attic were built to the right of room 1. The room 1 ceiling height of 8 feet was used throughout the addition. Framing - The vertical posts on the north and south side for room 2 and the foyer, built on an irregular beam base, were extended in length above the interior room ceiling to the top attic rail. The length was designed to match the height of the original room 1 roof.