In some cases, descriptions of economic migrancy and trafficking collide.
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Most have families that include U.S.-born children, and follow-the-crop migrancy has almost disappeared.
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The photographic collection also includes a selection of David Goldblatt photographs titled The Transported of KwaNdebele and an art installation by Gavin Younge entitled Workman's Compensation. There is also a collection of artworks by local residents entitled Migrancy and Belonging.
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The first labor migrancy from the area between the north-western shores of Lake Nyasa and the Luangwa valley predated these areas becoming British dependencies, and was initially directed to the Shire Highlands. However, in the mid to late 1890s, some workers travelled voluntarily to Southern Rhodesia and South Africa where wages were much higher.McCraken (2012), p. 84 Rather than consistently promoting labor migration, the Nyasaland government opposed all migration of workers outside the protectorate before 1903 and from 1913 to 1936 and, when it did allow migrancy, the government insisted on enforcing controls on the numbers recruited by licensed labor organizations and a system of deferring part of the men's pay until they returned to Nyasaland.
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The Ballad of Peckham Rye is a novel written in 1960 by the British author Muriel Spark. It tells the story of a devilish Scottish migrant, Dougal Douglas, who moves to Peckham in London and wreaks havoc amongst the lives of the inhabitants. The text draws upon the supernatural, as well as issues of Irish and Scottish migrancy and offers a critique of the sterile and unremarkable nature of the lives of the Peckham working class.
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Jacki McInnes (born 1966) is a South African artist living and working in Johannesburg. Her art tends towards a style of binary interrogation: migrancy versus xenophobia, material aspirations versus poverty, the survival strategies of newly urbanised populations, and the complexities associated with the lived realities of late-capitalism. Current work, in particular, explores the contradictions inherent in present-day human thought and behaviour, especially regarding the disconnect between material aspiration, rampant consumerism, wasteful practices, and their disastrous effect on our planet and ultimate future.
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The change of setting led to several significant changes in her writing, in terms of both genre and subject matter. She began writing novellas, both because she was tired of poetry and because she felt prose was better suited to exploring her new experiences as an immigrant. Several of her novellas from this time describe the difficulties of immigration and the experience of being a transplant in a new environment.Kyōko Ōmori, "'Finding Our Own English:' Migrancy, Identity, and Language(s) in Itō Hiromi's Recent Prose," U.S.-Japan Women's Journal, vol.
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These policies risk to increase gender inequality in the Philippines and thereby this public policy work against women joining the workforce. Female OFWs most often occupy domestic positions. However, some researchers argue that the cultural trends of female migrancy have the potential to destabilize the gender inequality of the Filipino culture. Evidence suggests that in intact, heterosexual families wherein the wife-mother works overseas, Filipino fathers have the potential to take on greater roles in care-giving to their children, though seldom few actually do. Other researchers report that these situations lead to abuse, particularly of older daughters, who face increased pressure and responsibility in the mother’s absence. Likewise, the “reversal of breadwinning and caregiving roles between migrant wives and left-behind husbands” more often results in tension regarding family finances and the role each spouse should play in decision making.
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Much of Vail's account of environmental degradation in Northern Nyasaland is based on the views of 19th century missionaries who regarded Ngoni farming practices as environmentally destructive, wasteful and therefore morally wrong, although modern agronomists believe shifting cultivation may be efficient and sympathetic to the environment. His suggestions that both the recruitment of labour and the consumption of foreign goods was forced on the Tumbuka, seem overstated, and the first labour migrancy from this area was entirely voluntary and, in later years, was more often disapproved of by the Nyasaland government than promoted by them. Since independence, the economic conditions of the Tumbuka people have remained largely unchanged, their political power limited given the numerous ethnic groups in this region of Africa. Levi Mumba, Charles Chinula and many of the leading figures in organisations that later became part of Nyasaland African Congress, or of Congress itself, were Tumbuka-speaking northerners or graduates of Blantyre Mission.
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Vail (1989), pp. 2-5 He also questioned whether the growth of ethnic particularism was related to uneven development in colonial times that gave some groups better access to education and employment, or to the creation of myths regarding ancestral political structures that were disrupted in the colonial era.Vail (1989), pp. 5-6 Although accepting that all these explanations might have some validity, Vail considered them unhistorical and pointed to the impoverishment of Central and Southern Africa in the late 19th and early 20th century through ecological catastrophes such as the rinderpest epidemic, disease, locusts and famine, colonial land expropriation and taxes and labor migrancy, all of which amounted to African people losing control of their lives.Vail (1989), pp. 7-9 He believed that the decline of traditional power systems and the growth of both European organized and African initiated churches gave rise to new identities that, for European missionaries or anthropologists or educated Africans themselves, were ethnic identities, each with its language, often fixed by missionaries for used in education, and a rediscovered or manufactured history and traditions.Vail (1989), pp.
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