679 Sentences With "judicature" | Random Sentence Generator

For example, an American Judicature Society analysis based on 2628 data reported that 28503 percent of Alabama state court judges were male and 22019 percent were white.

Linda Greenhouse In a recent issue of Judicature, an academic journal for judges published by Duke University Law School, Timothy J. Corrigan, a federal district judge in Florida, reflected on "the most multifaceted, emotional, and challenging task a judge performs " — sentencing convicted criminal defendants.

44) :The Supreme Court of Judicature (London Claues) Act 1891 (54 & 55 Vict. c.14) :The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1891 (54 & 55 Vict. c.53) :The Supreme Court of Judicature (Procedure) Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. c.16 The Judicature Acts The Judicature Acts 1873 to 1894 means the statutes listed above.This collective title was authorised by the Short Titles Act 1896, section 2(1) and the second schedule. Section 2 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1899 provided that that Act could be cited with the Judicature Acts 1873 to 1894. Section 2 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1902 provided that that Act could be cited with the Judicature Acts 1873 to 1894. The Judicature Acts 1873 to 1910 was the collective title of the Judicature Acts 1873 to 1902, the Judicature (Rule Committee) Act 1909 (9 Edw 7 c 11) and the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1910 (10 Edw 7 & 1 Geo 5 c 12).

The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1902 (2 Edw 7 c 31) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was one of the Judicature Acts 1873 to 1902The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1902, section 2; the Short Titles Act 1896, section 2(2) and the Judicature Acts 1873 to 1910.The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1910, section 2 Section 1 substituted the words "three divisions" for the words "two divisions" in section 12 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1875.

9) :The Supreme Court of Judicature (Officers) Act 1879 (42 & 43 Vict. c.78) :The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1881 (44 & 45 Vict. c.68) :The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1884 (47 & 48 Vict. c.61) :The Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1887 (50 & 51 Vict. c.70) :The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1890 (53 & 54 Vict. c.

Judicature Act is a term which was used in the United Kingdom for legislation which related to the Supreme Court of Judicature.

The President of the Superior Council of Judicature is in charge of leading the Superior Council of Judicature, and has the legal institutional representation of the other institutions in the judicial branch as well as for the common people. He is entitled to elect the Vice President of the Superior Council of Judicature. Judicial Branch of Colombia: Functions of the Superior Council of Judicature ramajudicial.gov.vo Accessed 17 September 2007.

6) :The Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Amendment Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict. c.27) The Judicature (Ireland) Acts The Judicature (Ireland) Acts 1877 to 1888 means the statutes listed above.This collective title was authorised by the Short Titles Act 1896, section 2(1) and the second schedule.

Supreme Court of Judicature Act (with its variations) is a stock short title which was formerly used for legislation in the United Kingdom relating to the Supreme Court of Judicature for England and Wales and the court of the same name for Ireland. The Bill for an Act with this short title may have been known as a Supreme Court of Judicature Bill, or as a Judicature Bill during its passage through Parliament. These Acts have since been superseded for Northern Ireland by the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 (c. 23) and for England and Wales by the Supreme Court Act 1981 (c.

Assumed Office of High Court of Judicature at Allahabad on 07.07.2006. Personal Details :- Born :17.06.1961, Citizenship : Indian, Nationality : Indian, Website : allahabadhighcourt.in Justice Pankaj Mithal is presently a puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad.

This court was abolished by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873.

The functions of the Superior Council of Judicature are stipulated in Article 79, Law 270 of 1996 in the Colombian Constitution of 1991. Judicial Branch of Colombia: Functions of the Superior Council of Judicature ramajudicial.gov.vo Accessed 17 September 2007.

The High Court of Justice in Ireland was the court created by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 187740 & 41 Vict. c.57 to replace the existing court structure in Ireland. Its creation mirrored the reform of the courts of England and Wales five years earlier under the Judicature Acts. The Act created a Supreme Court of Judicature, consisting of a High Court of Justice and a Court of Appeal.

"The Decline in Federal Civil Trials," vol. 100, no. 1 Judicature 37 (Spring 2016).

The judiciary system was made up of multiple overlapping and conflicting courts dating back centuries. The Judicature Act of 1873 merged them into one central court.David O'Keefe, "Sir George Jessel and the Union of Judicature." American Journal of Legal History 26 (1982): 227+.

The justice system was made up of multiple overlapping and conflicting courts dating back centuries. The Judicature Act of 1873 merged them into one central court.David O'Keefe, "Sir George Jessel and the Union of Judicature." American Journal of Legal History 26(3) (1982): 227–251. . .

The Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 (15 & 16 Geo 5 c 49), sometimes referred to as the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1925,Burrowes v Burrowes (1929) 141 LTR 201 at 202, CA was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It comes within the administrative jurisdiction of Lucknow bench of ho'nble High Court of Judicature at Allahabad.

1 Judicature 46 (Spring 2019). "Final Judgment," vol. 22, no. 1 Green Bag 2d 83 (Autumn 2018).

The Royal Courts of Justice in Chichester Street, Belfast is the home of the Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland established under the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978. This comprises the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal, High Court of Northern Ireland and the Crown Court in Northern Ireland.

Gordon was a Fellow in the American Judicature Society and in the International Academy of Law and Science.

The fusion of the administration of law and equity was finally effected in the 1870s by the Judicature Acts.

From 1774 (when the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William was founded) till 1782 (when Bengal Judicature Act of 1781 was passed), the Court claimed jurisdiction over any person residing in Bengal, Bihar or Orissa. This resulted in conflict of jurisdiction with Supreme Council of Bengal. The conflict came to an end with Parliament's passing of the Bengal Judicature Act of 1781. The act restricted the Supreme Court's jurisdiction to either those who lived in Calcutta, or to any British Subject in Bengal, Bihar and Odisha.

Equity generally operates in accordance with the principles known as the "maxims of equity". The reforming Judicature Acts of the 1880s amalgamated the courts into one Supreme Court of Judicature which was directed to administer both law and equity.Snell, Edmund Henry Turner; Megarry, R.E.; Baker, P.V. (1960). Snell's Principles of Equity (25 ed.).

In section 12(1), the words "and to subsection (2)" were repealed by section 122(2) of, and Part II of Schedule 7 to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978. Section 12(2) was repealed by section 122(2) of, and Part II of Schedule 7 to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

He served as a Judge of High Court of Judicature at Allahabad from 14 December 1978 to 8 April 1992.

Article 208 in Chapter 2: The Supreme Court of Pakistan in Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan.

Article 176 in The Judicature Chapter 2 of Part VII of the Constitution of PakistanArticle 175A in Chapter 1: The Courts. Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan Nomination for the appointment of the chief justice is made by the prime minister of Pakistan, and final appointments are confirmed by the president of Pakistan.Article 175A(12)-175A(13) Chapter 1: The Courts. Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan Presiding over the oral arguments before the court, the chief justice has significant agenda-setting power over meetings of the Supreme Court.

The order does not apply to admiralty cases or to proceedings under the order next mentioned. The Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 followed the same lines as the English Acts: the pre- existing courts were consolidated into a Supreme Court of Judicature, consisting of a High Court of Justice and a Court of Appeal. The Judicature Acts did not affect the Scottish judicial system, but the Appellate Jurisdiction Act included the Court of Session among the courts from which an appeal would lie to the House of Lords.

This section was repealed by section 226(1) of, and Schedule 6 to, the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925.

The Supreme Court of Judicature of Belize is one of three types of courts in Belize, the lower ones being the Magistrate's Courts and the Court of Appeal. It is a court of original jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases as well as an appellate court. It is governed by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (SCJA).

The governing DLP maintains that it plans to proceed as planned by amending that stipulation from the Barbados Supreme Court Judicature Act.

This section was repealed by section 122(2) of, and Part II of Schedule 7 to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

Solicitors, those lawyers who practised in the courts of equity, were considered to be more respectable than attorneys and by the mid-19th century many attorneys were calling themselves solicitors. The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 in England and Wales and the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 in Ireland redesignated all attorneys as solicitors.Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, s 87; Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877, s 78; Jowitt's Dictionary of English Law 3rd edition, London: Thomson Reuters (Legal) Limited 2010, p. 190 The term persists in legal usage in the United Kingdom solely in the instance of patent attorneys, who are legal professionals having sat professional qualifications and are expert in acting in all matters and procedures relating to patent law and practice.

He is an Advocate of the Courts of Judicature of Uganda and has been a member of the Uganda Law Society since 1977.

Only the judicature was affiliated to the head of the respective Prussian department. Fortifications were strengthened and the number of soldiers increased tenfold.

The notebooks were used as the basis for at least three casebooks.William Hook Morley, An analytical digest of all the reported cases decided in the Supreme Courts of Judicature in India, in the Courts of the Hon. East-India Company and on appeal from India, in two volumes (London: William Allen & Co., 1852, 1854), William Hunter Smoult, Collection of Orders, Made and Passed by the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal (Calcutta: S. Smith & Co., 1835) and Thomas Charles Morton, Decisions of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal (Calcutta: S. Smith and Co., 1841).

However, the High Court of Singapore remained part of the Malaysian Federal Court structure until 1969, when Singapore enacted the Supreme Court of Judicature ActSupreme Court of Judicature Act 1969 (No. 24 of 1969), now the . to regularise the judicial system. Before 1985, the Federal Court remained the second highest court in the land, being subordinate to the Privy Council in England.

Brougham (1828) p.10 The outcome was the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, under which all the central courts were made part of a single Supreme Court of Judicature. Eventually the government created a High Court of Justice under Lord Coleridge by an Order in Council of 16 December 1880. At this point, the King's Bench formally ceased to exist.

This comprised the judges of the Supreme Court of Judicature except for the Lord Chancellor of Ireland. The 1882 Act expired after three years.

This section, so far as it applied to Northern Ireland, was repealed by Part I of Schedule 7 to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

From 1957 to 1958, Waterman served as president of the Vermont Bar Association. He was president of the American Judicature Society from 1962 to 1964.

A series of reforms in the mid-19th century removed the monopoly of the civilian doctors and proctors in the family and admiralty courts, leaving only the ecclesiastical Court of Arches. Later, the Judicature Acts of 1873 and 1875, which created the Supreme Court of Judicature, combined the three roles (proctor, attorney and solicitor) into the common profession of "solicitor of the Supreme Court".

Section 16(10) of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 provided that "there shall be transferred to and vested in" the "High Court of Justice the jurisdiction which, at the commencement of this Act, was vested in, or capable of being exercised by" the Court of Pleas at Durham.William Downes Griffith and Richard Loveland Loveland. The Supreme Court of Judicature Acts, 1873, 1875, & 1877\. Second Edition.

The Ghanaian Judiciary is divided into two sections: the Superior Courts of Judicature, and lower level courts or tribunals. The Superior Courts of Judicature are outlined in the Ghanaian Constitution to be the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, and the High Court and Regional Tribunals. There is no formal constitutional structure for the lower level courts and tribunals, as these are established on a case-by-case basis by Parliament. The power of nominations of Justices throughout the Superior Courts of Judicature lies within the hands of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court along with the power of approval by the President.

The Chief Baron was replaced by the Lord Chief Justice by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1881Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1881, section 25. The Paymaster General replaced the Accountant-General of the Court of Chancery by virtue of the Court of Chancery (Funds) Act 1872,Court of Chancery (Funds) Act 1872, section 4. and was in turn replaced by the Accountant-General of the Supreme CourtSupreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925. The most recent change in composition has been as a result of the Bank of England Act 1998, which provided for additional deputy governors of the Bank to be CommissionersBank of England Act 1998, section 9.

115) (UK). the Court of Judicature was replaced by the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements.By the Supreme Court Ordinance 1868 (No. 5 of 1868) (Straits Settlements).

Section 16(9) of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 provided that "there shall be transferred to and vested in" the "High Court of Justice the jurisdiction which, at the commencement of this Act, was vested in, or capable of being exercised by" the Court of Common Pleas at Lancaster.William Downes Griffith and Richard Loveland Loveland. The Supreme Court of Judicature Acts, 1873, 1875, & 1877\. Second Edition.

He was a member of several different organizations, such as Phi Kappa Phi honor society, Order of the Coif, the American Judicature Society, and the American Law Institute.

The High Court of Justiciary, the Court of Session, and the Office of the Accountant of Court make up the College of Justice, and are known as "the Supreme Courts of Scotland". Prior to 1 October 2009, there were two other courts known as "the supreme court", namely the Supreme Court of England and Wales (known as "the Supreme Court of Judicature", prior to the passing and coming-into-force of the Senior Courts Act 1981), which was created in the 1870s under the Judicature Acts, and the Supreme Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland, both of which consisted of a Court of Appeal, a High Court of Justice and a Crown Court. When the provisions of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 came into force these became known as the Senior Courts of England and Wales and the Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland respectively. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council also retains jurisdiction over certain matters.

Douglas P. Woodlock, American Law Institute. and the American Judicature Society. He also served on the Committee on Space and Facilities of the Judicial Conference of the United States.

Attorneys are regulated by the Bar Association of Sri Lanka, with an preliminary inquiry under taken by a disciplinary committee appointed by the Chief Justice per the Judicature Act.

Appeals lay from the High Court in Singapore to the Federal Court in Kuala Lumpur, and then to the Privy Council. The merger did not last: in 1965 Singapore left the Federation of Malaysia and became an independent republic. However, the High Court remained part of the Federal Court structure until 1969, when Singapore enacted the Supreme Court of Judicature ActSupreme Court of Judicature Act 1969 (No. 24 of 1969), now the .

Before Federation, each Australian colony had a two- or three-tiered judicial system with a Supreme Court at its apex. [53]. The Supreme Courts followed the model of the Supreme Court of Judicature, as the High Court of Justice was known from the 1870s (when it was established by the Judicature Acts). Civil procedure in these courts was governed by rules made by the judges and known as the Rules of the Supreme Court.

"The Business of the U.S. District Courts," vol. 10, no. 4 Green Bag 2d 453 (Summer 2007). "Federal Judges and Opinion Writing," vol. 101, no. 3 Judicature 40 (Autumn 2017).

Sir James Ackworth Davies was a member of the Indian Civil Service and a judge of the High Court of Judicature at Fort Saint George. He was knighted in 1903.

He was appointed as Judge Lahore High Court in 1933. In 1946, he was made Chief Justice of Judicature at Lahore, and was knighted in that year's Birthday Honours list.

655, para. 9. The High Court and the Court of Appeal are empowered by section 7(1) of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act. to punish for contempt of court.

He was a Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature (now the Supreme Court of New Hampshire) from 1840 to 1855, serving as Chief Justice from 1848 to 1855.

The American Judicature Society has awarded the Edward J. Devitt Distinguished Service to Justice Award each year since 1983 to an Article III judge. The first recipient was Albert Branson Maris.

The name Staff of Government comes from the original court of appeal on the Island, which consisted of the officers of the Lord of Mann, and later the officers of the Lieutenant Governor. The Judicature Act 1883 created the High Court of Justice, and replaced the Lieutenant Governor's officers with the two deemsters who acted as judges in the courts of first instance, and the Clerk of the Rolls. However, this left the Lieutenant Governor continuing to act as judge despite lacking any legal training. He was removed by the Judicature (Amendment) Act 1921, following the addition of an additional independent judge, in the form of an English Queen's Counsel as Judge of Appeal, by the Judicature (Amendment) Act 1918.

The Judicature Act was an Act of the New Zealand Parliament passed in 1908, to provide for a system of appellate courts. It received royal assent on 4 August 1908. The Act was largely repealed as of 1 March 2017 by the Senior Courts Act 2016 and other Acts as part of a Judicature modernisation package. It was repealed as a whole on 1 January 2018 when remaining provisions of the new Acts came into force.

Seal of the American Judicature Society. The American Judicature Society (AJS) is an independent, non-partisan membership organization working nationally to protect the integrity of the American justice system. AJS's membership — including judges, lawyers, and members of the public — promotes fair and impartial courts through research, publications, education, and advocacy for judicial reform. The work of AJS focuses primarily on judicial diversity, judicial ethics, judicial selection, access to justice, criminal justice reform, and the jury system.

After the English Court of Chancery was dissolved by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 the Act lost relevance, and in England and Wales it was gradually repealed by a succession of acts up to the 1880s. The Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Act 1877, which reorganised the Superior Courts in Ireland to create the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal, similarly reduced the relevance of the Act in the Republic of Ireland.

After 1737 he became a judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature for the colony of New Hampshire. Andrew Wiggins was married to Abigail Follett in Dover, New Hampsphire September 2, 1697.

Their authorities vary in administrative responsibility and range of fining and sentencing abilities. The Judicature Act is the statute passed by parliament detailing the varying powers and jurisdiction of Magistrates and Judges.

On April 17, 2009, Reno was awarded the Justice Award by the American Judicature Society."Former Attorney General to Receive National Award" AJS Media Release. January 15, 2009. Retrieved April 17, 2009.

Hamlin, Paul M., and Charles E. Baker. Supreme Court of Judicature of the Province of New York, 1691-1704. New York, 1959. In 1692 he was made Chief Justice of that court.

Sir Robert Chambers (14 January 1737 - 9 May 1803) was an English jurist, Vinerian Professor of English Law, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal.

The Court of Judicature of the Straits Settlements was abolished in 1868 and replaced by the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements.By the Supreme Court Ordinance 1868 (No. V of 1868, Straits Settlements).

Admiralty jurisdiction is exercised by the High Court held at Colombo, having had the jurisdiction transferred to it from the Supreme Court under the provisions of the Judicature Act No.2 of 1978.

In 1965 Singapore left the Federation of Malaysia and became an independent republic. However, the High Court remained part of the Federal Court structure until 1969, when Singapore enacted the Supreme Court of Judicature ActSupreme Court of Judicature Act 1969 (No. 24 of 1969), now the . to regularise the judicial system. Coming into force on 9 January 1970, the Act declared that the Supreme Court of Singapore now consisted of the Court of Appeal, the Court of Criminal Appeal and the High Court.

Advocate-General of the Punjab is also ex officio chairman of the Punjab Bar Council. The office of the Advocate General is directly connected with the High Court of the province. Pre- independence (1947) the High Court of judicature for the premises of Punjab and Delhi was established at Lahore and was called the High Court of Judicature at Lahore. After independence of Pakistan, the High Court at Lahore ceased to have jurisdiction over Delhi and the then East Punjab.

John James Gilchrist (February 16, 1809 – April 29, 1858) was a Justice and Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature and a Judge and Presiding Judge of the Court of Claims.

This section replaced section 99 of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 and section 15 of the Courts Act 1971.Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice. 1999. Paragraph 3-8 at page 208.

Error was finally abolished 23 years later in 1875, when Schedule I, Order 58, rule 1 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 was brought into force and the Court of Appeal was created.

Leonard is a member of the American Judicature Society. She also participates in the American Bar Association Appellate Judges Conference. She is a member of the American Bar Association and the Hawaii State Bar Association.

It was further weakened by the fact that equity pleading in general was falling into disfavor, which culminated in the Judicature Acts of 1874 and 1875. Group litigation was essentially dead in England after 1850.

Parviz Parastui had worked in judicature before he became an actor. He began his career by starring in the film Diar-e Asheghan. Following Diar-e Asheghan, Parastui began a long lasting career in films.

Justice I’Anson received an honorary LL. D. from William and Mary in 1964. He was a member of Order of the Coif, Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Alpha Delta, Phi Kappa Alpha and Omicron Delta Kappa. He was the Director of the American Judicature Society, Chairman of the National Conference of’ Chief Justices, member of the Board of Directors of the National Center for State Courts. Justice I’Anson also received the University of Virginia Sesquicentennial Award in 1969 and the American Judicature Society’s Lincoln Harley Award in 1973.

The Irish Court of Queen's Bench was abolished by the Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Act 1877. The Queen's Bench jurisdiction is now vested in the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court in Northern Ireland.

In 1712, he was appointed to the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature (the province's highest court), a position he held until his death in 1718. He was twice married, with nine children by his first wife.

This part of the trial took place at the High Court of Judicature, Fort William, Bengal, India, 1939. Also included is a box of newspaper cuttings relating to the case as well as court schedule lists, 1939.

He was offered Judgeship of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad twice but he declined it for personal reasons. His father, Justice Narendra Nath Mithal (6 April 1930 – 7 April 1996) was also a leading civil lawyer of the District Court, Meerut. He served as the District Government Counsel (Civil) for several years before being elevated to the Bench at the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in the year 1978. He was amongst the few persons who were directly elevated to the Bench from the District Bar.

Beginning in 1873 the Judicature Acts merged the previously separate English courts of common law and equity into the new Supreme Court of Judicature made up of the Court of Appeal and High Court of Justice. The rules and procedures of the old courts and systems of law differed greatly. As common law and equity would now be applied in the same courts, the judiciary felt that there should be common procedural rules for both systems of law. The RSC were created in 1883 and were made up of Orders and Acts of Parliament.

British Admiralty Court, Chancery Court and Judicature stamps were also overprinted for use in Ireland. In addition, specific designs depicting Queen Victoria were also used for Admiralty Court, Chancery Fee Fund, Petty Sessions, Record of Titles and Registration of Deeds. Dog licence stamps depicting an Irish Wolfhound were introduced in 1865 and remained in use until partition. Following partition, the following George V key types were issued for Southern Ireland in 1921–22: Civil Service, Companies Registration, Contract Note, County Courts, Estate Duty, Foreign Bill, Judicature, Land Registry, Official Arbitration and Petty Sessions.

On 21 March 1919, the High Court of Judicature at Lahore was established with jurisdiction over the provinces of Punjab and Delhi. This jurisdiction lasted until 1947 when India was partitioned. The High Courts (Punjab) Order, 1947 established a new High Court for the province of East Punjab with effect from 15 August 1947. The India (Adaptation of Existing Indian Laws) Order, 1947 provided that any reference in existing Indian law to the High Court of Judicature at Lahore be replaced by a reference to the High Court of East Punjab.

The Senior Courts Act 2016 (Public Act 2016 No 48) is an Act of the Parliament of New Zealand which governs the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court of New Zealand. It was passed by the New Zealand House of Representatives on 11 October 2016 as part of a Judicature modernisation package and received royal assent on 17 October 2016. One of its purposes was to replace and consolidate in a single statute the Judicature Act 1908 and the Supreme Court Act 2003, which were repealed.

The Northern Ireland Courts and Tribunals Service (; Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlan Coort Service) runs the courts of Northern Ireland. It is an agency of the Department of Justice for Northern Ireland. The Court of Judicature for Northern Ireland, county courts, magistrates’ courts, coroners’ courts and certain tribunals are all administered by the Courts and Tribunals Service. Prior to the devolution of justice matters to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Northern Ireland Court Service was a separate legal entity under the Lord Chancellor, established in 1979 pursuant to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

Article 288 of the TFEU explicitly regulates the liability of Community Institutions for damage caused by the breach of Union Law. This article does not give precise liability rules but refers to the general principles common to the laws of Member States. It does not mean that 'the Community judicature must search for a solution favoured by a majority of Member States …. It simply means that the Community judicature must look to the national systems for inspiration in devising a regime of non-contractual liability adapted to the specific circumstances of the Community.

John Hyde (14 January 1738 – 8 July 1796) was a Puisne Judge on the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal from 1774 to his death. He is the primary author of Hyde's Notebooks, a series of 74 notebooks that are a trove of information for the first years of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, the highest court in Bengal from 1774 to 1862. The originals of these are kept at the Victoria Memorial in Kolkata. Partial microfilms are held at the National Library of India, Kolkata.

A lawsuit against Cambior was filed in Guyana, but it was dismissed by the High Court of the Supreme Court of Judicature of Guyana in 2002. A new suit was filed against Cambior in 2003 in Guyana again seeking US$2billion in damages for the effects of the 1995 spill. In October 2006, the High Court of the Supreme Court of Judicature of Guyana ordered the dismissal of the 2003 action and ordered the plaintiffs to pay the defendants' legal costs. Cambior was acquired by Iamgold in November 2006.

Upon decimalization in 1971, stamps were issued for Bankruptcy, Contract Note, County Court, Dog Licence, Judicature Fee, Land Registry, Petty Sessions and Registration of Deeds. These were withdrawn gradually, for example Dog Licence stamps were discontinued in 1983.

Equity's primacy in England was later enshrined in the Judicature Acts of the 1870s, which also served to fuse the courts of equity and the common law (although emphatically not the systems themselves) into one unified court system.

Common law and equity are administered by the same courts, in a manner similar to that of the Judicature Acts in the United Kingdom. Legal and equitable remedies may be pursued in the one action in the one court.

Sir Elijah Impey (13 June 17321 October 1809) was a British judge, the first chief justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal, Chief Justice of the Sadr Diwani Adalat and MP for New Romney.

Edmund Trowbridge (1709 – April 2, 1793) was an associate justice for the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, the highest court in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, during the Boston Massacre. Buried in Dana family plot in Old Burying Ground, Cambridge, Ma.

The law granted judicial autonomy, thus creating to judicature of Itapetininga. The town, however, only became a municipality, in fact, on March 13, 1855 with the name of Itapetininga. The holy patron of Itapetininga is Our Lady of the Pleasures.

He was the first non-lawyer to be an officer of the American Judicature Society. In 1980 he was honored with the Justice Award for his service. The Justice Award is given for major contributions to improving the administration of justice.

Isaac Addington (January 22, 1645 – March 19, 1719) was a longtime functionary of various colonial governments of Massachusetts, including a brief period as the Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Judicature, the highest court in the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

"Judicial Council Unifies California Courts," Journal of the American Judicature Society 12, no. 1 (June 1928), 18 The Council's and Judge Hollzer's efforts sped up justice 106 percent in Los Angeles County while increasing judges' salaries by only 50 percent.

Justice Devan Ramachandran (born 19 March 1968) is an Indian Judge. Presently, he is Judge of Kerala High Court.Appointment order The High Court of Kerala is the highest court of Judicature for the State of Kerala and Union Territory of Lakshadweep.

Records of the Massachusetts Supreme Court of Judicature, 1692/3, Page 1. Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, Judicial Archives This court disposed of a great many more witchcraft cases, acquitting many; its witchcraft-related convictions in 1693 were vacated by Governor Phips.

The Court of Criminal Appeal of Northern Ireland was established on the model of the English Court by the Criminal Appeal (Northern Ireland) Act 1930. It was replaced by a general Court of Appeal by the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

He was solicitor for Dormont Borough in 1942. He worked as publisher of the Mount Lebanon News and several other newspapers. He was a member of the American Judicature Society, United World Federalists, American Legion and Veterans of Foreign Wars.

Stone had a career in law. He became a Barrister in 1911 and was admitted to Lincoln’s Inn. He served as a Judge for the High Court of Judicature at Madras, India from 1930–35. He was knighted in 1936.

Legal Profession Act,. State Courts Act,. and Supreme Court of Judicature Act.. In addition, under the Code of Conduct for the Attorney-General's Chambers legal officers are required to, among other things, "safeguard and enhance the proper administration of justice"...

From 1873 to 1881, Jessel sat as a judge of first instance in the rolls court, being also a member of the Court of Appeal. In November 1874 the first Judicature Act came into effect, and in 1881 the Judicature Act of that year made the Master of the Rolls the ordinary president of the first Court of Appeal, relieving him of his duties as a judge of first instance. In the Court of Appeal Jessel presided almost to the day of his death. On 22 February 1878, Jessel survived an assassination attempt by Henry John Dodwell, a disturbed clergyman.

Sections 99(1)(f) and (g) of, and Schedule 1 to, the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 provided that the whole Act, so far as unrepealed, could be repealed by rules of court made under section 99 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1925. Section 4 was repealed by section 2 of, and Part I of the Schedule to, the Civil Procedure Acts Repeal Act 1879. In Section 8, the words from "from and after" to "ninety and seven" were repealed by section 1 of, and Schedule 1 to, the Statute Law Revision Act 1948.

The Court also exercises jurisdiction relating to divorce and matrimonial matters; and to appoint and control the legal guardians of infants (minors) and mentally disordered persons, and make orders concerning their persons and property.SCJA, ss. 17(a), (d) and (e). However, matrimonial and guardianship proceedings have been transferred to the District Court,Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Matrimonial, Divorce and Guardianship of Infants Proceedings to District Court) Order 2007 (S. 672/2007), para. 2(1); Supreme Court of Judicature (Transfer of Proceedings Pursuant to Section 17A(2)) Order 2007 (S. 673/2007), para. 2(1).

6 As a result, the provisions of the Act are still law in the Republic of Ireland, although they have been transferred several times. The Irish Chancery was merged into the High Court of Ireland by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877, but the same Act also transferred the rights under the 1858 Act to the new High Court. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 transferred these rights to the new Supreme Courts of Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland respectively, and the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 finally repealed the 1858 Act in Northern Ireland.

The Court of Probate was created by the Court of Probate Act 1857, which transferred the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts in testamentary matters to the new court so created. The Judge of the Court of Probate also presided over the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, but the two courts remained separate entities. On 1 November 1875, under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 and the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1875, the Judge of the Court of Probate was transferred, as its President, to the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court of Justice.

This included establishing a separate Court of Chancery. As the legal system evolved in England, the English Court of Chancery was eventually abolished by the Judicature Act 1873-75 and its powers merged into what was then called 'The Supreme Court of Judicature' (comprising the High Court and the Court of Appeal) which exercised jurisdiction in both common law and equity. This was prompted in part by similar reforms which had taken place elsewhere, notably the abolition of the New York Court of Chancery in 1847. Most American jurisdictions followed the reforms in New York and England.

The consumer products business was part of the erstwhile Godrej Soaps Limited (GSL) and was demerged into Godrej Consumer Products Limited in April 2001, pursuant to a scheme of demerger approved by the Honorable High Court of Judicature, Mumbai, dated 14 March 2001.

Sharia is applicable to Muslims under the Judicature and Applications of Laws Act, empowering courts to apply Sharia to matters of succession in communities that generally follow Sharia in matters of personal status and inheritance. Unlike mainland Tanzania, Zanzibar retains Islamic courts.

Stephen Caesar Le Maistre was a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William. Along with Justice Hyde and to some extent Impey, he argued for greatly expanding the powers of the Supreme Court. He died on 4 November 1777.

The Judiciary of Ghana comprises the Superior Courts of Judicature, established under the 1992 Constitution, and the Inferior Courts, established by Parliament. The hierarchy of courts derives largely from British juridical forms. The courts have jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters.

In other courts, the title of chief justice is used, but the court has a different name, e.g. the Supreme Court of Judicature in colonial (British) Ceylon, and the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia (in the US state of West Virginia).

P.J. Neufeld, "The Near Irrelevance of Daubert to Criminal Justice and Some Suggestions for Reform," American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 95, No. S1, 2005. B.C. Scheck & P.J. Neufeld, "Toward the Formation of 'Innocence Commissions' in America," Judicature, Vol. 86, No. 2, 2002.

In 1936, while being Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal, Lort-Williams was styled as Knight Bachelor. He held the post until his retirement in 1941. He died at his Worcestershire home in 1966, aged 84.

Livermore was a Member of the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782 and again from 1785 to 1786. He was Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature from 1782 to 1789, and a member of the State constitutional convention in 1788.

He gave his time and expertise to his church, the Grace Cathedral, as well as being involved in professorial organisations and civic clubs. He was a member of the American Society of International Law, the American Judicature Society and the Phi Alpha Delta legal fraternity.

Since the 1980s judicial campaigns have become increasingly politicized.Judicial Selection in the States: Alabama , American Judicature Society. The current chief justice of the Alabama Supreme Court is Republican Tom Parker. All sitting justices on the Alabama Supreme Court are members of the Republican Party.

Gillespie was a member of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, Federal and American Bar Associations, the New York County Lawyers Association, the American Judicature Society, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the Skull and Bones society at Yale.

Sir Francis du Pré Oldfield (30 June 1869 – 14 February 1928) was an English magistrate who was a Judge of the High Court of Judicature, Madras. He was knighted in 1923. Oldfield was born in Stamford, Lincolnshire, the son of Rev. Canon Charles Oldfield.

Section 99 of Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 provided that "From and after the commencement of this Act, the Counties Palatine of Lancaster and Durham shall respectively cease to be Counties Palatine, so far as respects the issue of Commissions of Assize, or other like Commissions, but not further or otherwise; and all such Commissions may be issued for the trial of all causes and matters within such counties respectively in the same manner in all respects as in any other counties of England and Wales."William Downes Griffith and Richard Loveland Loveland. The Supreme Court of Judicature Acts, 1873, 1875, & 1877\. Second Edition.

Another major reformation happened in 1839, when the Hudson's Bay Company introduced a new judicature to the District of Assiniboia. With this came the creation of a governor-in-chief of Rupert's Land - George Simpson - who overruled Assiniboia's Governor, and a newly appointed President of the Council of Assiniboia. Councils for both Assiniboia and Rupert's Land were transformed in the new administration, as new members of council, such as governors, magistrates, councillors, and sheriffs arrived from London. Two years following, in 1841, Red River Colony's judicature was altered so that the petty court cases were defined as those with fines of less than 20 shillings.

The Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes was created by the Matrimonial Causes Act 1857, which transferred the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts in matters matrimonial to the new court so created. The Judge Ordinary of the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes also presided over the Court of Probate, but the two courts remained separate entities. On 1 November 1875, under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 and the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1875, the Judge Ordinary of the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes was transferred, as its President, to the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court of Justice.

He was assigned some prestigious positions like Registrar (Administration), Registrar (Vigilance), Registrar (Examination) and OSD (Finance & Infrastructure) in the Hon'ble High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan and he also served as Principal Secretary (Law & Legal Affairs Dept.) to the Government of Rajasthan along with additional charges.

He became Treasurer of the province by royal appointment, and later served as Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Judicature (the name of the New Hampshire Supreme Court at the time).Scales, John, ed, Piscataqua Pioneers, 1623–1775, Press of Charles F. Whitehouse, Dover, NH, 1919.

The Chief Justice of Trinidad and Tobago is the highest judge of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and presides over its Supreme Court of Judicature. He is appointed by a common decision of the president, the prime minister and the leader of the main opposition party.

"The Day in Sacramento", Oakland Tribune (February 6, 1963), p. 4. The Commission has been criticized by various groups since shortly after its creation.John H. Culver, "Politics and the California Plan for Choosing Appellate Judges: A Lesson at Large on Judicial Selection", 66 Judicature 151 (1982-1983).

The Chief Justice of Samoa is the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Samoa. The qualifications and powers of the office are governed by Part VI of the Constitution of Samoa and the Judicature Ordinance 1961. The position is currently held by Satiu Simativa Perese.

The matter was taken up by parliament, and so "wondrous foul and scandalous" was the libel, that Wentworth clearly perceived that, unless prompt measures were taken by the crown to punish the offender, the question of the judicature of parliament —"wherein", he added naively, "I disbelieve His Majesty was not so fully resolved in the convenience and fitness thereof by any effect it hath produced, since it was restored to the Houses of Parliament in England"—would be raised in a most obnoxious fashion. A pursuivant with a warrant for his arrest was immediately despatched into Munster, but two days before his arrival Gookin had fled with his wife into England. The constitutional question of the judicature thus raised still remained. Wentworth boldly asserted that in questions of judicature, as in matters of legislature, nothing, according to Poynings' Law, could be determined by the Parliament of Ireland that had not first been transmitted as good and expedient by the Lord Deputy of Ireland and Privy Council of Ireland.

Before the creation of the Supreme Court of Judicature under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, solicitors practised in equity in the Court of Chancery, attorneys practised in the common law courts, and proctors practised in the "civil law" (based on Roman law) of the ecclesiastical courts. The monopoly of the proctors in family, inheritance and admiralty law had been removed in 1857–1859, and the 1873 reforms further fused all three branches of the profession. After 1873 the offices of "attorney" and "proctor" disappeared as terms relating to legally qualified persons, being replaced by "Solicitor of the Supreme Court of England and Wales", except for the unique government offices of Queen's (or King's) Proctor (now called "HM Procurator-General", a title generally held by the Treasury Solicitor), and Attorney-General.Oxford English Dictionary Since the replacement of the judicial aspect of the House of Lords with a new Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, separate from the existing Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, the full title of a solicitor is "Solicitor of the Senior Courts of England and Wales".

"Supreme Court of Judicature, Aug. 1 – Court of Appeal – Gilbert v. The Comedy Opera Company Limited", The Times, 2 August 1879, p. 4 From 1 August 1879, the new company, later called the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, became the sole authorised producer of the works of Gilbert and Sullivan.

Sir Maung Khin ( ; also spelled Maung Kin; 1872-22 September 1924) was the first Burmese Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature during the British colonial era, and the first Burmese to be knighted. Maung Khin was known as a good, clean administrator, widely respected by the public.

Detective Saburo Iwai's investigation of the victim's behavior helped the Date family lawyers' defence that he was acting in self-defence. The Supreme Court of Judicature of Japan gave him probation and released him.Suzuki, Shichirо̄. Date Junnosuke no Ayunda Michi (The Life of Date Junnosuke), Taisei Shinbunsha, Tokyo, 1964.

The main source of English law is the Wills Act 1837. Probate, as with the law of family settlements (trusts), was handled by the Court of Chancery. When that court was abolished in 1873,Judicature Act 1873 their jurisdiction passed to the Chancery Division of the High Court.

Beier is a member of the American Bar Association, American Judicature Society, American Bar Foundation, National Association of Women Judges, Kansas Bar Association, D.C. Bar, Kansas Women Attorneys Association, the Wichita and Topeka Bar Associations, and the Institute of Judicial Administration at New York University School of Law.

The garrison was only around 3,000 men and 50 culverins and other artillery pieces, commanded by Jean Carrebe, a 'judicature' or judge from the mairie of Louvain. Vieilleville thus immediately prepared fifteen large boats and twenty smaller ones with artillery pieces and enough powder to fire 15,000 shot.

A notary public is a lawyer authorized by the Attorney General. The fees are regulated by the Notary Public (Fees) Rules 1954. A commissioner for oaths is a person appointed by the Chief Justice under section 11 of Court of Judicature Act 1964, and Commissioners for Oaths Rules 1993.

Civil law states tend not to have a single highest court. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court", for example, the High Court of Australia. On the other hand, in some places the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the supreme courts of several Canadian provinces/territories, and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales and Supreme Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland, which are all subordinate to higher courts of appeal. The idea of a supreme court owes much to the framers of the Constitution of the United States.

John MacLean (historian), Parochial History of the Deanery of Trigg Minor, vol 1, 1872 Few substantial changes occurred until the nineteenth century. From 1832 onwards, Wales and the palatine county of Chester, served by the Court of Great Sessions, were merged into the circuit system. The commissions for (the City of) London and Middlesex were replaced with a Central Criminal Court, serving London's broadened metropolis, and county courts were established widely to hear many civil cases which had taken the writ-action form of nisi prius. The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, which merged judges of equity and common law competing systems into the Supreme Court of Judicature, transferred the jurisdiction of the commissions of assize (e.g.

The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 (sometimes known as the Judicature Act 1873) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1873. It reorganised the English court system to establish the High Court and the Court of Appeal, and also originally provided for the abolition of the judicial functions of the House of Lords with respect to England. It would have retained those functions in relation to Scotland and Ireland for the time being. However, the Gladstone Liberal government fell in 1874 before the act entered into force, and the succeeding Disraeli Conservative government suspended the entry into force of the act by means of further acts passed in 1874 and 1875.

Trusts developed when claimants in property disputes were dissatisfied with the common law courtsThis was mainly the Court of King's Bench and the Common Pleas and petitioned the King for a just and equitable result. On the King's behalf, the Lord Chancellor developed a parallel justice system in the Court of Chancery, commonly referred as equity. Historically, trusts were mostly used where people left money in a will, created family settlements, created charities, or some types of business venture. After the Judicature Act 1873, England's courts of equity and common law were merged, and equitable principles took precedence.See the Earl of Oxford's case (1615) 21 ER 485 and Judicature Act 1873 s 25(11).

Not surprisingly, the King's Bench judges were "immoderately over burdened", the Common Pleas judges were "fully occupied in term, and much engaged in vacation also" and the Barons of the Exchequer were "comparatively little occupied either in term or vacation". In response to this and the report of a committee investigating the slow pace of the Court of Chancery, the Judicature Commission was formed in 1867, and given a wide remit to investigate reform of the courts, the law, and the legal profession. Five reports were issued, from 25 March 1869 to 10 July 1874, with the first (dealing with the formation of a single Supreme Court of Judicature) considered the most influential.Manchester (1980) p.

Born on 4 January 1808, he was eldest son of Sir Thomas Andrew Lumisden Strange. He was educated at Westminster School, and on leaving in 1823 went out to his father in India, becoming a writer in the East India Company's civil service at Madras in 1825. Strange was appointed an assistant-judge and joint criminal judge on 24 June 1831, became sub-judge at Calicut in 1843 and civil and sessions judge at Tellicherry in 1845. He was a special commissioner for investigating the Molpah disturbances in Malabar in 1852, and for inquiring into the system of judicature in the presidency of Madras in 1859, and was made judge of the high court of judicature in 1862.

Superior Council of Judicature () is Colombian institution part of the judicial branch of Colombia in charge of adopting a yearly report which is presented to the Congress of Colombia with a detailed report on justice handling in Colombia. The council also adopts the Development plan for the judicial branch of Colombia and presents it to the President of Colombia so that it be included in the Colombian National Plan of Development. The Superior Council of Judicature also establishes rules for an efficient administration of justice and can adopt and propose Law projects related to the administration of justice and procedure codes. Members of the council are entitled to elect the new president of the council.

The current High Court is the fourth court in Ireland to bear that name. The first High Court – the High Court of Justice in Ireland – was created by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877. This fused the administration of common law and equity in Ireland (as had been done in England several years earlier under the Judicature Acts). The existing four superior courts, the Court of King's Bench (Ireland), Court of Chancery, Court of Exchequer, and Court of Common Pleas were merged to form the High Court of Justice, although they remained as divisions of the new court, and the building which housed them is called the Four Courts to this day.

The CCJ's decisions are binding on all parties. Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister after consultation with the leader of the opposition. Supreme Court of Judicature judges are appointed by the Service Commissions for the Judicial and Legal Service.

Section 1(4) inserted paragraph 20 of List B of Schedule 1 to the Criminal Law Act 1967. That Schedule was repealed by Part IV of Schedule 11 to the Courts Act 1971. Section 1(5) was repealed by Part 1 of Schedule 7 to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

Simon was elected as MP for Dewsbury in 1868 and held the seat until he retired through ill health in 1888. In parliament he was particularly concerned with reforms of the judicature, and outside parliament was active in campaigning on behalf of Russian Jews. He died in 1897 aged 78.

Justice Dilip Babasaheb Bhosale (born 24 October 1956) is currently Judicial Member of Lokpal Committee since 23 March 2019. He will retire from the post till 70 years of age. He was the former Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad from July 2016 to October 2018.

Born in 1862 in Teignmouth, England, he received his education at Cheltenham and London. Aged 18, he started learning the legal trade in a firm of solicitors in the West of England. He was submitted to the Supreme Court of Judicature in 1885. A year later, he emigrated to New Zealand.

Dewar initially practised in England then moved to British India in June, 1827. He was appointed as clerk of the Crown thereafter started practice in Bombay. He was elevated in the post of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Judicature of Bombay Presidency on 11 September 1829. He was Knighted in 1829.

Bennett died October 9, 2000, of lung cancer at the St. Joseph's Medical Center in Kansas City and was buried in Corinth Cemetery in Prairie Village, Kansas. An avid hunter and fisherman, he was also a member of the American Bar Association, the American Judicature Society, the Freemasons, and the Optimist Club.

He was the first vice president of the Colorado Bar Association and served two terms as its president. He was a member of the American Bar Association and the American Judicature Society. He was also a member of the Masonic Temple. He had an office in the Colorado State Capitol Building in Denver.

Halsbury's Statutes has the words "Court of Queen's Bench" instead. The jurisdiction of that court is now vested in the High Court.The Senior Courts Act 1981, section 19(2) "The Royal Courts of Justice" According to legislation.gov.uk these words were substituted by 224(1) of Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925.

The High Court of Justice was established in 1875 by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. The Act merged eight existing English courts—the Court of Chancery, the Court of Queen's Bench, the Court of Common Pleas, the Court of Exchequer, the High Court of Admiralty, the Court of Probate, the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, and the London Court of Bankruptcy—into a new Supreme Court of Judicature (now known as the Senior Courts of England and Wales). The new Supreme Court was divided into the Court of Appeal, which exercised appellate jurisdiction, and the High Court, which exercised original jurisdiction. Originally, the High Court consisted of five divisions—the King’s Bench, Common Pleas, Exchequer, Chancery, and Probate, Divorce and Admiralty divisions.

The nisi prius record was, before the Judicature Acts, the name of the formal copy of proceedings showing the history of the case up to the time of trial. After the trial it was endorsed with the postea, showing the result of the trial, and delivered by the officer of the court to the successful party, whose possession of the postea was his title to judgment. Since the Judicature Acts there is no nisi prius record in civil actions, the nearest approach to it being the deposit of copies of the statements of case for the use of the judge, and there is no postea, the certificate of the associate or Master as to the result of the trial superseding it.

After the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 dissolved the English Court of Chancery and unified the common and equity courts into the High Court of Justice, the 1858 Act became irrelevant since the ability to issue injunctions, order specific performance or award damages was given to all of the senior courts. In the United Kingdom the act was repealed piecemeal by multiple Acts of Parliament, including the Supreme Court of Judicature (Officers) Act 1879 and the Statute Law Revision and Civil Procedure Act 1881. The act was formally repealed in its entirety by the Statute Law Revision and Civil Procedure Act 1883. Although the Act applied to the Irish courts, they were unaffected by any of the repealing legislation.McDermott (1987) p.

The power to punish for contempt of court is vested in the judiciary by virtue of section 7(1) of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act.. ("Shadrake (C.A.)"). While contempt of court is a criminal offence, applications for committal are made under Order 52 of the Rules of Court,. which is a civil procedure.

The Constitution grants powers to the Supreme Court to make judicature transfers. Although the proceedings in the Supreme Court arise out of the judgement or orders made by the subordinate courts, the Supreme Court reserves the right to transfer any case, appeal or proceedings pending before any High Court to any other High Court.

But actions for dispossession of house and island, was not relievable in courts of England because they are local in nature. In 1873, the Judicature Act abolished r 28 of the Rules of the Court. This meant that there was no need for a local venue to be laid. However, this change raised some issues.

241 although he did prevail on his son Andrew to marry her daughter from her first marriage.Batinski, p. 166 Belcher was also the uncle of future Massachusetts Lieutenant Governor Andrew Oliver and Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature Chief Justice Peter Oliver,Stark, pp. 181, 188 and was the great-grandfather of British Admiral Edward Belcher.

He was a deputy to the Provincial Congress of New York from 1775 to 1777. He was a member of the Council of Safety in 1777. He was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature of New York from 1777 to 1798. He was a member of the Hartford Convention of 1780.

High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad was the highest court of appeal at the state level till 2019. After Andhra Pradesh High Court was inaugurated in Amaravati on 1 January 2019, it became the High Court for the State of Andhra Pradesh. It has subordinate Civil and Criminal Courts in every District.Judicial Directory. Hc.ap.nic.in.

The present court rulesThe Rules of the Court of Judicature (NI) 1980 SR 1980/346; The County Court Rules (Northern Ireland) 1981 SR 1981/225 make no provision for nonsuiting and provide instead for discontinuance. One therefore presumes nonsuiting no longer exists in Northern Ireland, applying the same principles as in England and Wales.

Jeffcott returned to practice at the Irish Bar. In 1850 he was appointed Recorder of Prince of Wales Island, Malacca and Singapore, to replace Sir Christopher Rawlinson who had been appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Madras. Jeffcott died from dysentery on 23 October 1855 and is buried in Penang.

This was best emphasised by Slade's Case, a struggle between the old and new forms of suing for breach of contract; although an equilibrium between the common law courts was finally reached, it eventually led to their dissolution with the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, and merger into a single High Court of Justice.

Attorney-General [2011] 4 S.L.R. 196 at 200–201, paras. 6–7, H.C. (Singapore), citing . In addition, there are no provisions in the Supreme Court of Judicature Act ("SCJA"). which confer on the Court of Appeal the power to exercise supervisory jurisdiction over the High Court or – as pointed out in Ng Chye Huey – the Subordinate Courts.

For example, he allowed justices of the peace to perform marriages when Anglican priests were not readily available. Osgoode's Judicature Act of 1794 established a system of district courts and a superior provincial court. During his term, legislation was also introduced to abolish slavery. Osgoode also served as a member of John Graves Simcoe's Executive Council for Upper Canada.

Koch completed his schooling at Wilhelmsgymnasium Munich and then did his military service. From 1979 to 1984 he studied law at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. After receiving his doctorate, he worked in the Bavarian judicature. After working in various local courts, he worked for three years at the Saxonian University of Applied Sciences of Administration in Meissen.

He was interim secretary of Massachusetts upon the death of his uncle, Isaac Addington, in 1715. On September 16, 1715 he was appointed a Special Justice of the Superior Court of Judicature and then a Judge on December 9, 1715, December 12, 1728, and June 21, 1733. He married his wife, Elizabeth, on November 10, 1698.

In this section, the words "after the passing of this Act" were repealed by section 1 of, and the Schedule to, the Statute Law Revision Act 1908. This section, to the words "for the time being and", was repealed by section 226(1) of, and Schedule 6 to, the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925.

During his period of service in the provincial congress he drafted a large amount of legislation and was tireless in his activities on many committees.Amory, p. 78. He resigned this post when in March 1776 he was offered a seat on the Superior Court of Judicature (as the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court was then known).Amory, p. 73.

The Clintonian faction of the Democratic-Republican Party nominated associate justice of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature Daniel D. Tompkins. They nominated incumbnet John Broome for Lieutenant Governor. The Lewisite faction of the Democratic-Republican Party nominated incumbent Morgan Lewis. They nominated former Speaker of the New York State Assembly Thomas Storm for Lieutenant Governor.

He was appointed as a Permanent Judge of the Telangana High Court on December 4, 2013. He chose Andhra Pradesh High Court after bifurcation of High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad into Andhra Pradesh High Court and Telangana High Court. He was appointed as acting Chief Justice of newly formed Andhra Pradesh High Court on 1 January 2019.

He served as Michigan Attorney General from 1945–1946. Governor Harry Kelly appointed Dethmers Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court, serving from 1946–1970 and serving as Chief Justice of the Michigan State Supreme Court in 1953, 1956–1962, and 1967–1969. He was defeated in 1970. He was a Presbyterian and a member of the American Judicature Society.

Anderson, 6 Cal. 3d 628, 493 P.2d 880, 100 Cal. Rptr. 152 (1972). Burke helped to create the National College for State Judges and its California counterpart; he served as chairman of the Section on Judicial Administration of the American Bar Association and of the Appellate Judges' Conference; and was an officer of the American Judicature Society.

In addition, the Supreme Court also enjoys the plenary jurisdiction and may exercise its plenary powers for passing appropriate orders to ensure the completion of its orders and to complete the justice at all levels of commands.Article 187(1)-187(3) Chapter 2: The Supreme Court of Pakistan in Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan.

Mancuso, vinculado con mafias italianas , El País, November 23, 2006. Accessed 18 February 2007. On November 28, 2006 Escobar Araújo said that he would accept any decision and obey any orders from the Magistrates of the Penal Chamber of Judicature regarding his connection to Sale. Escobar Araújo's wife, Ana Margarita Fernández, was an official in the Inspector General's office.

The Supreme Court of Judicature (Amendment) Act 19381 & 2 Geo. 6 c. 67 authorised the appointment of three additional Lords Justices of Appeal to create a permanent third division of the Court of Appeal. In October 1938, Finlay was appointed as one of the three new Lords Justices and was sworn of the Privy Council the following month.

2, 1692, pages 176–177. Certified copy from the original records at Her Majestie's State Paper Office, London, September 16, 1846. This court oversaw the conviction and execution of nineteen individuals in the infamous Salem witch trials. When the Superior Court of Judicature was formed as the province's high court, Richards was also appointed to it.

Equity (England only) Equity is a source of law peculiar to England and Wales. Equity is the case law developed by the (now defunct) Court of Chancery.The Judicature Acts 1873-75 abolished the Courts of Chancery. Chancery Division of the High Court succeeds the old Courts of Chancery Equity prevails over common law, but its application is discretionary.

The Court of Appeal in Ireland was created by the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 as the final appellate court within Ireland, then under British rule. A last appeal from this court could be taken to the House of Lords in London.

Fine, p. 389. The Journal of the American Judicature Society wrote that Watkins developed a police force "unequaled in any other large city."Fine, p. 391. Shortly after his appointment, the federal government took over two established Detroit banks, the Guardian National Bank of Commerce and the First National Bank, and established a new National Bank of Detroit.

21 The Serjeants only enjoyed their returned status for another six years, however, before Parliament intervened. The Practitioners in Common Pleas Act 1846, from 18 August 1846, allowed all barristers to practice in the Court of Common Pleas.Haydn (1851) p.246 The next and final blow was the Judicature Act 1873, which came into force on 1 November 1875.

In the judicial branch, he served as a district court judge and as president of the Puerto Rico Judicature Association. An accomplished poet whose works have been published in several books, Mercado currently practices law and was a prominent political analyst for the Notiuno radio network in Puerto Rico. He is married and has two children.

The Rules of the Supreme Court (RSC) were the rules which governed civil procedure in the Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales from its formation in 1883 until 1999. The RSC applied to all civil cases in the Supreme Court in England and Wales commenced after the merger of the courts of Common Law and Equity in 1883 by the Judicature Acts until they were superseded by the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR) in 1999 on 26 April 1999. Civil proceedings in the county courts during this period were governed by the separate County Court Rules. The RSC were designed to replace the individual rules of the courts of Law and Equity which were subsumed into the Supreme Court providing one harmonised set of procedural rules for all civil cases.

Clergy Discipline Measure 2003 Churchwardens are sworn in before the Chapter Court,Churchwardens Measure (Isle of Man) 2013 s.9 which may hear presentments against clergy or churchwardens; its former probate jurisdiction was transferred to the High Court in 1884.Ecclesiastical Civil Judicature Transfer Act 1884 The Vicar General's Court formerly dealt with affiliation (bastardy) cases, but the jurisdiction was transferred to the High Bailiff in 1921Isle of Man Judicature (Amendment) Act 1921 and the court no longer sits.For further information on the functions of the Vicar General, see P W S Farrant, Some Observations on the History of and the Role and Duties of the Manx Vicar General, Chancellor & Official Principal, (1995) Ecclesiastical Law Journal vol.3 p.410 Formerly, the Vicar General retired on a vacancy in the See (i.e.

The office of Chief Justice traces its origins back with the founding the Royal Charter of Justice of 1801 (Now this provision are as set out in the Constitution of Sri Lanka) by the United Kingdom. With the establishment of the Supreme Court it was to consist of one principal Judge who shall be called "The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature in the Island of Ceylon" and One other Judge, who was to be called "The Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature in the Island of Ceylon". The charter required the Chief Justice and Puisne Justice to have not less than Five Years experience as Barristers, in England or Ireland to be named and appointed. The post was first held by Codrington Edmund Carrington.

It elaborated the maxims of equity, many centuries old, that restrict its jurisdiction to certain fields of law, impose preconditions for suits/applications and curtail its remedies (particularly damages) which equity might award if there were no common law courts or statute. The existence of these two separate systems in some of the more common areas of law enabled each party to go "forum shopping", selecting whichever of the two systems would most likely give judgment in his or her favour. A wealthy loser in one court would often try a court in the other system, for good measure. The solution adopted by the Judicature Acts of 1873 and 1875 was to amalgamate the courts into one Supreme Court of Judicature which was directed to administer both law and equity.

He had been chairman of the committee on judicature reform, and although he was not in office when the Judicature Acts were passed, all the reforms in the legal procedure of his day owed much to him. He took part, when out of office, in the passing of the Married Women's Property Act 1882, and was directly responsible for the Conveyancing Acts, and for the Settled Land Act. Many other statutes in which be was largely concerned might be quoted. His judgments are to be found in the Law Reports and those who wish to consider his oratory should read the speeches above referred to, or that delivered in the House of Lords on the Compensation for Disturbance Bill in 1880, and his memorable criticism of Mr Gladstone's policy in the Transvaal, after Majuba Hill.

The financial services and wind energy businesses were transferred to Bajaj Finserv Limited (BFS) as part of the recently concluded demerger from Bajaj Auto Limited, approved by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay by its order dated 18 December 2007. The demerger was effective on 31 March 2007."Bajaj Auto demerger approved" The Economic Times. Retrieved 2014-11-03.

Blake in the exchequer chamber in 1872. He drew up several bills for Lord Westbury, including his Registration of Titles Act, and assisted Lord Selborne in drafting the Judicature Act of 1873. Hall twice refused to take silk. In 1862 he became under-conveyancer and in 1864 conveyancer to the court of chancery, and in 1872 a bencher of his inn.

The London Gazette, 28 September 1987. The notice states "by Deed Poll dated 26 June 1987 and enrolled in the Supreme Court of Judicature on 18 September 1987, DANIEL ST. GEORGE CHATTO ... a Commonwealth citizen, abandoned the name DANIEL CHATTO ST. GEORGE SPROULE and assumed the name DANIEL ST. GEORGE CHATTO". On 14 July 1994, Chatto married Lady Sarah Armstrong-Jones.

He was one of the commissioners of patents, and trustee of the British Museum. He was also chairman of the committee of judges which drafted the new rules rendered necessary by the Judicature Acts. He was treasurer of Lincoln's Inn in 1883, and vice-president of the council of legal education. He was also a fellow of the Royal Society.

Mom Rajawongse Adulakit Kitiyakara (; : November 2, 1930 - May 5, 2004), was the chief-president of the supreme judicature of Thailand, and former member of the Privy Council of Thailand. He was a member of the House of Kitiyakara, the Princely House descended from the Chakri dynasty. He was the elder brother of Queen Sirikit, consort of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) of Thailand.

The court derives its power from legislation of the Nova Scotia legislature, the Judicature Act. It hears appeals from the Nova Scotia Supreme Court, Provincial Court of Nova Scotia, and various tribunals. Only the Supreme Court of Canada has jurisdiction to hear appeals from decisions of the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal; in practice this happens a few times a year.

Justice Neumann has been a member of the Board of Directors of American Judicature Society since 1998. He and his wife Jackie have two children. Justice Neumann served 12 years and 2½ months before resigning from the Court on March 14, 2005. He is currently the Executive Director of the State Bar Association of North Dakota and continues to reside in Bismarck.

The recommendation was that there should be a common system of appeal from all of the High Court divisions, with a limited set of appeals allowed to the House of Lords.Drewry (2007) p. 31 This reform was implemented by the Judicature Acts, with the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 giving an almost limitless right of appeal to the Lords.Drewry (2007) p.

Jeremiah Smith (November 29, 1759 – September 21, 1842) was a United States Representative for New Hampshire, United States Attorney for New Hampshire, a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Circuit Court for the First Circuit, the 6th Governor of New Hampshire and Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature and the New Hampshire Supreme Judicial Court.

Eventually she presided over the court and was reelected four consecutive times. She served as Secretary of Agrarian Reform (Secretaria de la Reforma Agraria) from December 1, 2000 until April 5, 2003, when she was appointed legal councilor to the Mexican president. On November 18, 2004 she was appointed councilor to the Federal Judicature Council (Consejo de la Judicatura Federal).

In modern tradition, the chief justice has the ceremonial duty of administering the oath of office of the president of Pakistan.Article 178 in the Chapter 2: The Supreme Court of Pakistan of Part VII: The Judicature of Constitution of Pakistan The first chief justice was Sir Abdul Rashid. The current chief justice is Gulzar Ahmed; incumbent since 21 December 2019.

It is established as part of the Supreme Court of Judicature, replacing courts of assize and Quarter Sessions. The appellate jurisdiction of these courts is transferred, and the new court given exclusive jurisdiction in "trial on indictment". It is described as a "superior court of record" for England and Wales. This section has now been superseded by the Senior Courts Act 1981.

Unis was awarded the Herbert Harley Award in October 1999 for his "outstanding efforts and contributions that substantially change and improve the administration of justice in their states." This national award is presented by the American Judicature Society. In October 2003, Unis helped finalize the settlement in the Louisiana-Pacific siding lawsuits as a special master appointed by the court.Rivera, Dylan.

594 As a result, the bill was eventually withdrawn.Lobban (Autumn 2004) p. 595 In 1873 the idea was resurrected – again by Palmer, who was now Lord Selborne and the new Lord Chancellor – as the Supreme Court of Judicature bill. While still cautious, Selborne's bill was far more structured than Hatherley's, and contained more detail on what was to be done.

Following his departure from Congress, Betts resumed private practice in Newburgh, New York from 1817 to 1823. He was district attorney for Orange County, New York from 1818 to 1820 and again from 1821 to 1823. He was a Judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature of New York (now the New York Supreme Court), Circuit Court Branch, from 1823 to 1826.

The Judicature Amendment Act did not abolish certiorari and the other writs, but it was expected that as the legal profession adapted to the use of the new application for review, the writs would cease to be used.Law Commission/Te Aka Matua O Te Tura, "Study Paper 10: Mandatory Orders against the Crown and Tidying Judicial Review" (March 2001), paras. 49-50.

The Supreme Court of Barbados The Supreme Court of Judicature of Barbados is the highest judicial body in the country of Barbados. It is made up of the High Court and the Court of Appeals.Law Courts of Barbados - About the court Appeals from the Supreme Court can be further referred to the jurisdiction of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ).

This section was amended for Ireland by sections 38 to 43, 46, 47 and 49 of, and schedule 7 to, the Government of Ireland Act 1920. In this section, paragraphs (4), (5) and (14) as they applied to Northern Ireland were repealed by section 122(2) of, and Part I of Schedule 7 to, the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

Saorstát overprints may be found on Contract Note, County Courts, Dog Licence Registration, Estate Duty, Excise, Foreign Bill, Judicature, Land Commission, Land Registry, National Health Insurance, Petty Sessions, Public Records, Registration of Deeds and Unemployment Insurance stamps. 1960 Wet Time unemployment insurance stamp overprinted 2/10 The Southern Ireland issues and the Rialtas and Saorstát overprints include some of Ireland's rarest revenues. For example, only one copy has been recorded of the 6d Dog Licence Registration stamp with the Rialtas overprint. Key type stamps depicting the Celtic harp, a national symbol of Ireland, were introduced in 1925, and these were issued for Bankruptcy, Circuit Court, Companies Registration, Consular Service, Contract Note, Court of Justice, Customs, District Court of Justice, Estate Duty, Film Censorship, Foreign Bill, Judicature, Land Commission, Land Registry, Official Arbitration, Passport, Public Records, Registration of Deeds and State Service.

The high court by virtue of section 2 (1) of the Judicature and Application of Laws Act is vested with full and unlimited Jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters, that is to say it shall have power over any matter not expressly provided by the law the constitution or any other law. It is also provided further under article 108(2) of the constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania. Such Jurisdiction is subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal as stipulated under the constitution and any other written laws. In the light of article 108(2) of the constitution of the united republic and the provisions of the Judicature and Application of laws Act, the high court has original jurisdiction over all matters that are outside the jurisdiction of the courts subordinate to it.

Moreover, in a Northern Ireland case, Walsh's Application, in which an application was made for a writ of error coram nobis following an unsuccessful judicial review, Weatherup J followed the Court of Appeal in Cinpres by observing, "While the Writ developed at Common Law, I doubt if the procedure survived the appeals process introduced by the Judicature (Ireland) Act 1875", before referring to the provision of that Act dealing with the abolition of proceedings in error. The court concluded that it did not have the jurisdiction to alter the decision made on judicial review. The above cases indicate that the Judicature Acts and the Civil Procedure Rules provide for a comprehensive system of appeals which effectively ousts the function served by the former bill of review and writ of error coram nobis, which may now be extinct in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

The Judges' Council is a body in England and Wales that, representing the judiciary, advises the Lord Chief Justice on judicial matters. It has its historical roots in the original Council of the Judges of the Supreme Court, created by the Judicature Act 1873 to oversee the new Supreme Court of Judicature. This body initially met regularly, reforming the procedure used by the circuit courts, and the new High Court of Justice but met less regularly as time went on, meeting only twice between 1900 and 1907, with a gap of ten years between meetings in 1940 and 1950 respectively. After relative inactivity, it was eventually wound up through the Supreme Court Act 1981, which contained no provisions for its continued existence, something Denis Dobson attributes to newer bodies which performed the duties the Council had originally been created to do.

Nugent Grant was a legendary Madras lawyer of British origin who served in the Madras High Court. He served as the Public Prosecutor for the government and was the President of the Madras Bar Association in 1929. Nugent Grant was the chief prosecuting attorney in the famous 1924 Imperial Bank Case which was tried in the High Court of Judicature at Madras, tried before Mr Justice Beasley.

Tudball was born on 15 March 1866, the son of Charles Tudball of Bombay. He was educated in England at Bedford Modern School. Tudball joined the Indian Civil Service in 1885 and obtained an ICS Scholarship to Christ Church, Oxford in 1887. He was a District and Sessions judge before rising to the rank of Puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature, Allahabad, India (1909-1922).

He died on 12 February 1988. The Head of Government of the day; Jerry John Rawlings paid the following tribute: > "I wish, therefore, to take this opportunity to express on behalf of the > Council and on my own behalf our sincere gratitude and appreciation to you, > for your dedicated, loyal and invaluable service to the Nation for almost 15 > years, particularly on the Superior Court of Judicature".

Paxton Norman was born in 1819; his father John Norman was a banker of Somerset. He was educated at Exeter Grammar School and Exeter College, Oxford, and then practiced as a special pleader. In 1862 he was called to the bar at the Inner Temple. In British India he worked as a Puisne Judge of The Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William till 1871.

The King decreed on the advice of the Attorneys General that if there was a conflict between the common law and equity, equity would prevail. Equity's primacy in England was later enshrined in the Judicature Acts in 1873 and 1875, which also served to fuse the courts of equity and the common law (although emphatically not the systems themselves) into one unified court system.

The New York Supreme Court is the oldest Supreme Court with general original jurisdiction. It was established as the Supreme Court of Judicature by the Province of New York on May 6, 1691. That court was continued by the State of New York after independence was declared in 1776. It became the New York Supreme Court under the New York Constitutional Convention of 1846.

Booth was sentenced to hang. In his early career Puller worked as a law reporter with Sir Justice John Bernard Bosanquet. In 1823 he accepted the post of Chief Justice at the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, Calcutta and received the customary knighthood. However, like his predecessor Sir Robert Henry Blosset, he died there within a few months of starting his judicial duties.

Dezember 1897, war der Sohn von Al-Haj Hazrat Khwaja Kamal-Ud-din." He returned to become a Senior Advocate of the Federal Court of Pakistan and an Advocate of His Majesty's High Court of Judicature at Lahore.Mark Bothe -Die "Jesus-in-Indien-Legende" - Eine alternative Jesus-Erzählung? - Page 20 2011 "und wurde bereits 1923, im Alter von 25 Jahren, Imam der Woking Moschee.

He was appointed a barrister of the Middle Temple in 1846, and a Queen's Counsel in 1861. He held office as Solicitor General for England and Wales in 1866-67 and as Attorney General for England and Wales from 1867-8 and again in 1874. He was knighted in 1866 and appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1876. He was a member of the Judicature Commission.

In 1795 Arnold was named the Chief Justice of Rhode Island's Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize and General Gaol Delivery. The name of this court was changed in 1798 to the simpler "The Supreme Judicial Court". The Assembly re-appointed him annually every year until June 1809. After a year off due to illness, they appointed him again from 1810 to 1812.

The history of English contract law traces back to its roots in civil law, the lex mercatoria and the industrial revolution. Modern English contract law is composed primarily of case law decided by the English courts following the Judicature Acts and supplemented by statutory reform. However, a significant number of legal principles were inherited from recording decisions reaching back to the aftermath of the Norman Invasion.

The Supreme Court Complex The current system of courts are defined by the Judicature Act No 02 of 1978. However, the modern form of European form of justice originated during the Dutch colonial occupation of the coastal areas of Sri Lanka in the nineteenth century. Local forms of civil and criminal law as well as system of courts, existed for centuries prior to the European colonization.

Until the secularisation Porta Coeli's provosts were usually simultaneously capitular canons residing in Bremen city. This was because any candidate for provostship had to be confirmed in advance by the Bremen Cathedral Chapter. The provost also wielded the summary jurisdiction in Porta Coeli's temporal judicature precinct. Furthermore the provost held the ius collationisThe privilege of auditing the accounts for correctness, accurateness and their collation.

In this context, common law means the judge-made law of the King's Bench; whereas equity is the judge-made law of the (now-defunct) Court of Chancery.The Judicature Acts of 1873-75 abolished the Court of Chancery and "fused" law and equity. Today, equity cases are mostly dealt with in the Chancery Division of the High Court. Equity is concerned mainly with trusts and equitable remedies.

Traditional game with stones (1995) Inuit artist Kenojuak Ashevak playing pool billiards in a hotel in Berlin (2004) The Inuit place a high value upon self-determination. The governments of Nunavut, the Northwest Territories and Nunatsiavut do not have political parties, but operate as consensus governments. Difficult questions are common in judicature, where traditional Inuit concepts are opposed to the legal system of the Canadian state.

He was a member of the New Hampshire convention to ratify the United States Constitution in 1788. He was a member of the New Hampshire Senate and a member of the Executive Council of New Hampshire until 1790. He was President of New Hampshire (now Governor of New Hampshire) in 1790. He was Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature from 1790 to 1795.

The hierarchy of courts derives largely from British juridical forms. The courts have jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters. They include the Superior Courts of Judicature, established under the 1992 Constitution, and the Inferior Courts, established by Parliament. The Superior Courts are, from highest to lowest, the Supreme Court of Ghana, the Court of Appeal, the High Court of Justice, and the ten Regional Tribunals.

On 18 February 2019, the South Australian Government restored the rank of Queen's Counsel. The formal difference appears to be that QCs receive a warrant signed by the relevant state Governor, who is the formal representative of the Sovereign, whereas SCs receive a certificate issued by the relevant Bar Association or bureaucracy such as by the judicature of the State Supreme Court as the case may be.

The trade in slaves was made punishable by law and a Court of Admiralty was established to try offenders on 10 July 1684 thereby replacing the Court of Judicature that had been established by Streynsham Master in which the Agent passed judgement over interlopers and slave traders. On 8 August 1684, Madras was elevated to a Presidency and Elihu Yale made its First President.

Munir was appointed assistant advocate- general of Punjab in 1937, and first president of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal of India in 1940. He was elevated to the Bench of Judicature at Lahore in 1942. He and Justice Din Muhammad represented the All India Muslim League on the Punjab Boundary Commission in 1947. The following year he was made the chairman of the Pakistan Pay Commission.

Recommendations had been made by Ellis Bent to the British authorities along those lines for reform of the courts in the colony. In 1814, the British sovereign established three new courts to replace the court. These were the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature, the Governors Court and the Lieutenant Governor's Court. The court ceased sitting in 1814 as a result of the revocation of its charter.

Slew was charged with the expense of the suit. A year later, Slew brought an appeal to the Essex Superior Court of Judicature in Salem, Massachusetts where she faced a trial by jury. The jury's members were composed of "white Gentlemen". Whipple argued that Slew could not prove that she was free and that he owned proof of sale for when he purchased her.

In 1971 East Pakistan became independent Republic of Bangladesh. On 9 January 1972 Bangladesh enacted the Supreme Court of Judicature Act to regularize the judicial system. The Act declared that the Supreme Court of Bangladesh consisted of the Appellate Division and the High Court Division. The High Court Division replaced the Dhaka High Court and Supreme Court of Pakistan was preceded by the Appellate Division.

He was also appointed as member of the Board of Pardons and Parole, and as first chancellor of the Department of Justice Academy. He was a member of the IBP Journal editorial board, a member of the governing board of the Institute of Judicial Administration, a member of the SCRA board of editorial consultants, Ateneo professor in Trial Technique and Criminal and Civil Procedures, remedial law lecturer at the University of the Philippines Law Center, awardee of the Professorial Chair in Law at Far Eastern University, professorial lecturer at the Philippine Judicial Academy, adviser of the Philippine Association of Law Professors, president of the Philippine Judicature Society, publisher of The Judicature News, and editor of the Trial Lawyers Magazine. He also served as bar examiner in three bar examinations and wrote the famous trial technique book called The Trial Complex: Multidisciplinary Approach to Courtroom Advocacy.

The Court of Chancery of the County Palatine of Durham and Sadberge was merged into the High Court by the Courts Act 1971. The Court of Pleas of the County Palatine of Durham and Sadberge was merged into the High Court by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. The Court of the County of Durham was abolished by section 2 of the Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836.

He improved the state of trade, lowered taxation, encouraged industry and promoted education, ameliorated the judicature and materially raised the credit of Russia. As foreign minister he was cautious and circumspect, but when war was necessary he prosecuted it vigorously and left nothing to chance. The successful conclusions of the War of the Polish Succession (1733–1735) and of the war with Turkey (1736–39) were entirely due to his diplomacy.

In December 1918, Blacker resumed his ICS career as Assistant Commissioner in Gurdaspur. He served on several other stations, before being appointed Political Assistant, and Commandant of the Border Military Police in Dera Ghazi Khan, in February 1920. Then, in November, 1922, he commenced duties as Registrar of the High Court of Judicature at Lahore. Thereafter he served several times as a District and Sessions Judge in Lahore.

There he became much influenced by the work of François Viète. In 1630, he bought the office of a councilor at the Parlement de Toulouse, one of the High Courts of Judicature in France, and was sworn in by the Grand Chambre in May 1631. He held this office for the rest of his life. Fermat thereby became entitled to change his name from Pierre Fermat to Pierre de Fermat.

In 1858, he was appointed a puisne judge at the Supreme Court of Judicature at Madras and therefore created a Knight Bachelor. After the Indian High Courts Act 1861, Bittleston switched to the new established Madras High Court and served as acting chief justice in 1866 and the following year. He retired in 1870 and returned to England. In 1844, he married Rebecca Ann, eldest daughter of George Hastings Heppel.

Walsh v Lonsdale (1882) 21 Ch D 9 is an English property law case about the effect of the Judicature Acts. It is the authority for the equitable maxim that "Equity regards as done that which ought to be done". It created the doctrine of anticipation, whereby a specifically performable agreement to create or transfer a property right will be good in equity, even if not finally effective at law.

The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1877 (40 & 41 Vict. c. 9.) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom enacted to provide the structure of the ordinary judges of the Court of Appeal, the appellate division of the High Court of Justice and the Lord Justices of Appeal in England and Ireland. In England, the Act established the number of judges at five (5) and their salaries.

Elections to the office were held annually - from 1688 to 1726, the appointment was made on 29 September, from 1727 to 1753, on 20 December and from 1753 to 1798, on the first Tuesday of every December. From 1798 the Mayor and Aldermen sat in the Recorder's Court until 1801, when that Court was merged in the Supreme Court of Judicature. The post of mayor was revived only in 1933.

The following year he was returned to parliament for Enniskillen. In 1804 he was created a baronet, of Castle Bagshaw in the County of Wicklow. In 1806, he was made a judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature in Calcutta and resigned his seat in parliament the same year. He returned to Britain in 1817 and was elected to the House of Commons as one of two representatives for Colchester.

Called to the bar at the Middle Temple in 1831, he joined the western circuit in 1832, and was recorder of Portsmouth from 1840 to 1847, when he was appointed recorder of Prince of Wales Island, Singapore, and Malacca. In 1847 he was knighted. In 1849 he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Madras, and held that position till his retirement in 1859.

Clark is a member of the Tennessee Lawyers' Association for Women and has served as Second Vice President of the Nashville Bar Association. She is named a Fellow of the Nashville, Tennessee, and American Bar Foundations, and member of the Williamson County Bar Association. She is also a member of American Judicature Society. She has also served as a faculty member of the American Academy of Judicial Education.

The Conservative Benjamin Disraeli became Prime Minister. In 1874 and 1875 Acts were passed delaying the coming into force of the Judicature Act 1873. The Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 repealed the provisions rescinding the jurisdiction of the House of Lords. Additionally, the Act provided for the appointment of two persons to be Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, who were to sit in the House of Lords under the dignity of baron.

During his legal career, Parker served as Wyoming chairman of the American Bar Association's Committee on Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar and was a member of the American Judicature Society and the American Law Institute. He was also a special lecturer-instructor at the Wyoming Law School. Parker and his wife Ruth (deceased) had two children. After Ruth died in 1971, Parker married his second wife, Sarah.

Sir Richard Ottley (1782–1845) was the fifth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature of Ceylon. He was the son of Drewry Ottley of St Vincent in the West Indies, and was married to 2nd baronet William Young's daughter, Sarah Elizabeth. He owned two slaves that had been left to him as a legacy of his grandmother, Mrs Jackson. In 1814 he was appointed Chief Justice of Grenada.

The Court of Appeal is Singapore's highest court, and thus its court of final appeal. Its earliest predecessor was the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements which, following legal changes introduced in 1873,By the Courts Ordinance 1873 (No. V of 1873, Straits Settlements). The Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements replaced the Court of Judicature of Prince of Wales' Island, Singapore, and Malacca: Supreme Court Ordinance 1868 (No.

John Pickering (September 22, 1737 – April 11, 1805) was President of New Hampshire, Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature and a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire. He was the second federal official impeached by the United States House of Representatives and the first person convicted and removed from office by the United States Senate.

In 2008, Tacha received the 26th Annual Edward J. Devitt Distinguished Service to Justice Award from the American Judicature Society. On February 10, 2011, Tacha was named Dean of the Pepperdine University School of Law, taking up that post after retiring from the federal bench on June 1, 2011."Distinguished U.S. Court of Appeals Circuit Judge Named Dean of Pepperdine University School of Law", Reuters. February 10, 2011.

Throughout Woodbury's political career, he was characterized as being independent and moderate, which some scholars interpret as indecisiveness and hesitancy. Woodbury was a clerk of the New Hampshire State Senate from 1816 to 1817, and a Justice of New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature from 1817 to 1823. He was Governor of New Hampshire from 1823 to 1824 and was Speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, 1825.

The Law Faculty's curriculum offers the basic and required courses necessary to become a fully qualified lawyer. This training includes civil law, criminal law, and public law. At Potsdam, the areas of concentration in research and teaching comprise the fundamentals of law, civil judicature, business law, international law, public administration as well as business, tax, and environmental criminal law. All these areas offer ample opportunity for specialized study.

The Court of Queen's Bench was abolished in 1878 by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877. The Court's jurisdiction passed to a new High Court of Justice. The High Court was itself abolished by Section 40 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920. That section created a High Court in Northern Ireland, which still contains a Queen's Bench Division, with similar jurisdiction to its counterpart in England and Wales.

There is a Queen's Bench Division as a division of the High Court of England and Wales and of the High Court in Northern Ireland. In England and Wales, the Queen's Bench Division is part of the High Court of Justice. It was created by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. In 1880 the former Common Pleas and Exchequer Divisions were merged into the Queen's Bench Division.

On 28 January 2016, she was elected magistrate of the Administrative Chamber of the Superior Council of Judicature. She worked as a legal researcher of the International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG), one of the Justice Support Institutions of the United Nations, and served as its chief from October 2016 to July 2017. On 1 November 2017, she became head of the legal department of the executive secretariat of the .

308 When the Fleet Street Inn was abandoned, this location became the sole residence of the Serjeants.Pulling (1884) p.125 With the demise of the order after the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, there was no way to support the Inn, and it was sold in 1877 for £57,100. The remaining Serjeants were accepted into their former Inns of Court, where judicial Serjeants were made Benchers and normal Serjeants barristers.

The Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 repealed the Matrimonial Causes Act 1884. Failure to comply with an order of restitution of conjugal rights continued to be a ground for judicial separation, but would no longer be considered, on itself, desertion. In addition, failure to comply with a decree of restitution of conjugal rights also allowed a court to make provisions regarding finances, alimony, property, and custody of children.

From 1907-10 he represented Tower Hamlets, Limehouse on the London County Council as a Municipal Reform Party councillor. In 1918 he was elected to parliament at Rotherhithe. After not being reelected in 1923, Lort- Williams resumed his legal career and became Recorder of Walsall in 1924. In 1927 he was appointed as a Puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Calcutta, in succession to William Ewart Greaves.

The Judge of Appeal is a part-time judge in the Isle of Man High Court who only sits in the Staff of Government Division, the appeal court. The position was created by the Judicature (Amendment) Act 1918 which also amalgamated the offices of First Deemster and Clerk of the Rolls. The judge must be an English Queen's Counsel. The current Judge of Appeal is Jeremy Storey QC.

John Adams Courthouse, home to the SJC The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (SJC) is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Although the claim is disputed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania,The Virginia Supreme Court was founded as a appellete Court in 1623;it became a Supreme Court in 1779; The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania was founded as a Provincial Court in 1684; it became a Supreme Court in 1722;the New York Supreme Court was established as the Supreme Court of Judicature by the Province of New York on May 6, 1691. It became the New York Supreme Court under the New York Constitutional Convention of 1846. the SJC claims the distinction of being the oldest continuously functioning appellate court in the Americas, with a recognized history dating to the establishment of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature in 1692 under the charter of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

In particular, Charles Dickens (1812–1870), who himself worked as a clerk near Chancery Lane, wrote Bleak House in 1853, depicting a fictional case of Jarndyce v Jarndyce, a Chancery matter about wills that nobody understood and dragged on for years and years.nb Martin (2012) 15, cases in Lord Eldon's court had indeed lasted up to 18 years. Within twenty years, separate courts of equity were abolished. Parliament merged the common law and equity courts into one system with the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. Equitable principles would prevail over common law rules in case of conflict,Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 s 25(11), 'Generally in all matters not herein-before particularly mentioned, in which there is any conflict or variance between the Rules of Equity and the Rules of the Common Law with reference to the same matter, the Rules of Equity shall prevail.' Now found in the Senior Courts Act 1981 s 49 but the separate identity of equity had ended.

Trial at nisi prius before the Judicature Act 1873 Before the reforms of the Judicature Act 1873, civil cases at common law were begun in one of the three courts that sat in Westminster Hall: the Court of Common Pleas, Court of Exchequer and King's Bench. Because of their historical origins, these courts were to some extent in competition, especially as their respective judges and officers lived on the fees deriving from them. Given that travel to London was an onerous burden during the medieval period, however, the Statute of Westminster II provided in 1285 for trial of fact in civil cases at the local assizes. Nisi prius translates as "if not sooner" or "if not before" in addition to "unless first": when the action was started in London, the sheriff was ordered to have the jurors there for trial on a certain day "unless before" (nisi prius) that day the case was heard at assize in the claimant's county.

A traditionalist, Holloway reverted to the anti-settlement mentality of some past governors and forbade the use of land for cultivation. In March 1809, the British parliament made permanent the island's courts of judicature, and re-annexed Labrador to Newfoundland, largely as a result of Holloway's lobbying. He left Newfoundland in October 1809. He was promoted admiral of the blue the same month, and the next July was made admiral of the white.

Cushing was born in Scituate, Massachusetts Bay, on March 1, 1732. The Cushing family had a long history in the area, settling Hingham in 1638. Cushing's father John Cushing (1695–1778) was a provincial magistrate who in 1747 became an associate justice of the Superior Court of Judicature, the province's high court. William Cushing's grandfather John Cushing (1662–1737/38) was also a superior court judge and member of the governor's council.

On the advice of the Prime Minister, and after consultation with the Leader of the Opposition, the Governor General of the Bahamas appoints the Chief Justice. The Chief Justice is the head of the Judicature in the Bahamas and sits in the Supreme Court. He can also sit in the Court of Appeal, at the invitation of the President of the Court of Appeal. The current Chief Justice of The Bahamas is The Hon.

From 1857 until 1865, when the official law reports were founded, Jones was associated with John Peter De Gex in three series of chancery reports. He continued to report chancery appeals for the law reports until within three years of his death. In 1860 he drafted with Josiah William Smith the consolidated orders of the court of chancery and later with Sir Arthur Wilson the rules under the Judicature Acts of 1873 and 1875.

There is a High Court, an Appeals Court, and a Supreme Court. The judicial system continues to function for civil cases though some regard it as handicapped by shortages of resources and qualified personnel. Judges are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission with the approval of Parliament. There also are magistrate and local courts and from these appeals lie to the superior courts of judicature.

Educated at Cheltenham College and East India Company College (later succeeded by the Haileybury and Imperial Service College), he was 27 years old, and a civilian in the Bengal Civil Service during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 30 July 1857 during the retreat from Arrah for which he was awarded the VC: He was later a Judge of the High Court of Judicature in Calcutta from 1874 to 1876.

In Sri Lanka, assize courts were periodic courts held around the island presided over by a Commissioner of Assize to hear appeals and serious crimes of the locality. The seven commissioners were appointed by the head of state. Such appointment was considered a stepping stone towards Judge/Justice of the Supreme Court. These courts were replaced by the Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka under the Judicature Act, No. 2, of 1978.

Son Jim that she gave birth to after being paralyzed by polio became Chief Judge of Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals, and president of the American Judicature Society. Jack was treated for cancer during his last year in office. After George Ariyoshi won the 1974 election for governor, Beatrice and son Jim represented Jack at the inaugural. Jack died on April 5, 1975, and was buried at the National Cemetery of the Pacific.

Retrieved on 18 June 2016. The Telugu Desam party alleged that the scandal, was a political vendetta, doctored by the Telangana State Government under the direction of K. Chandrashekhar Rao, the Chief Minister of Telangana, alongside the YSR Congress Party. In a further development, The High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad for the States of Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, granted bail to Revanth Reddy and two other co-accused due to lack of substantial evidence.

Penhallow, however, was sustained by Governor Samuel Shute (1662–1742), and Vaughan was removed from office in 1716. In 1714 Penhallow was appointed a justice of the superior court of judicature, and from 1717 until his death was chief justice of that court; and he also served as treasurer of the province in 1699–1726, and as secretary of the province in 1714–1726. He died at Portsmouth on 2 December 1726.

He attracted attention in parliament by his speeches in 1872 in the debates on the Judicature Act. In September 1873 James was made Solicitor General by William Ewart Gladstone. Already in November 1873 he was promoted to Attorney General by Gladstone, a post he held until the government fell the following year. He received the customary knighthood at the time of his promotion. When Gladstone returned as prime minister in 1880 James resumed this office.

Portrait by John Smibert, c. 1731 Benjamin Lynde (September 22, 1666 – January 28, 1749) was a lawyer and magistrate of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Born in Salem, he was sent to England by his parents, where he read law at the Middle Temple. He was the first Chief Justice (appointed associate 1712, chief justice 1729) of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, the province's highest court, to have formal training as a lawyer.

The Supreme Court Ordinance of 1876 ended the 10-year absence of a Supreme Court, establishing a Supreme Court of Judicature for the Gold Coast Colony. The court consisted of the chief justice and not more than four puisne judges. This led to the appointment of the first chief justice, Sir David Patrick Chalmers by the British colonial authorities in 1876. The nature of the office of chief justice evolved with the years.

Miller then served as Sedgwick County Prosecuting Attorney from 1976 to 1980 and opened up a law practice in his hometown of Wichita. In 2009, the book Vern Miller: Legendary Kansas Lawman by Mike Danford, detailing Miller's life, was published. One of his sons, Clifford Miller, is also a police officer (Sgt.) in Sedgwick County. Miller is a member of the Presbyterian Church, Kansas Bar Association, American Judicature Society and Wichita Bar Association.

Most government establishments and institutions are housed in the centre of the city in B. B. D. Bagh (formerly known as Dalhousie Square). The Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India. It was preceded by the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William which was established in 1774. The Calcutta High Court has jurisdiction over the state of West Bengal and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

The notebooks are a valuable primary source of information for life in late 18th century Bengal. They are the only known remaining source for the early proceedings of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William. As such, the Supreme Court rulings, documented in the notebooks, form the beginning of India’s current legal system. Attorneys and Judges in the 19th century used his notebooks to write books of precedent and case law.

The Commonwealth Law Courts Building in Melbourne, the location of the Melbourne branches of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, the Federal Court of Australia, the Family Court of Australia, as well as occasional High Court of Australia sittings The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes and interprets, defends and applies law in legal cases.

The words "One of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, or" in the first place were repealed by section 15 of, and the Schedule to, the Prison Act 1898. The words "or Common Pleas, or any Baron of the Exchequer" in the second place were repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1892. "High Court" According to legislation.gov.uk these words were substituted by 224(1) of Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925.

The former president of the Superior Council of Judicature, José Alfredo Escobar Araújo acknowledged that he had a friendship with Italian mobster Giorgio Sale, but denied knowledge of Sale's activities as narcotrafficker. Sale has been associated with paramilitary leader Salvatore Mancuso, himself accused of money laundering, and the Italian mafia group known as 'Ndrangheta. Escobar Araújo renunció a la presidencia del Consejo Superior de la Judicatura , Revista Semana, November 30, 2006. Accessed 18 February 2007.

He was enrolled as Advocate on 10 February 1982. He practiced on Civil, Criminal and Constitutional sides before the Subordinate Courts, Tribunals and High Court of Judicature at Bombay on the Appellate side and Original side. He also practiced exclusively in the Supreme Court of India from July 1984. He was appointed as Additional Judge of the Bombay High Court on 29 March 2000 and confirmed as permanent Judge on 8 April 2002.

Inherent jurisdiction cannot be used to conflict with the unambiguous expression of the Rules. In Nova Scotia, on the other hand, the Rules of Civil Procedure are made by the judges of the Superior Court and the Court of Appeal pursuant to s.46 of the Judicature Act. The Attorney General does not have a hand in their creation, and they are not subject to approval by the Lieutenant Governor in Council.

The Asiatic Society building. April 2013. The Asiatic Society was founded by civil servant Sir William Jones on 15 January 1784 in a meeting presided over by Robert Chambers, Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William at the Fort William in Calcutta, then capital of the British Raj, to enhance and further the cause of Oriental research. At the time of its foundation, this Society was named as "Asiatick Society".

It may have arisen either out of the "appeal of felony", or assize of novel disseisin, or replevin. Later, after the Statute of Westminster 1285, in the 1360s, the "trespass on the case" action arose for when the defendant did not direct force. As its scope increased, it became simply "action on the case". The English Judicature Act passed 1873 through 1875 abolished the separate actions of trespass and trespass on the case.

The change was effected by the Courts of Judicature Act 1963 (No. 7 of 1964, Malaysia), reprinted as Act No. RS(A) 6 of 1966 in the Singapore Reprints Supplement (Acts) of the Government Gazette. Appeals lay from the High Court in Singapore to the Federal Court in Kuala Lumpur, and then to the Privy Council. The merger did not last: in 1965 Singapore left the Federation of Malaysia and became an independent republic.

"Supreme Court of Judicature, August 1 – Court of Appeal – Gilbert v The Comedy Opera Company Limited", The Times, 2 August 1879, p. 4 From 1 August 1879, the company, later called the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, became the sole authorised producer of the works of Gilbert and Sullivan. Pinafore became so successful that the piano score sold 10,000 copies,Jones, p. 6 and Carte soon sent two additional companies out to tour in the provinces.

From 1916-1920 he underwent military service: he was 2nd Lieutenant IARO 95th Russell's Infantry, 1916; Lieutenant IARO 111th Maharajas, 1917; and was attached to Southern Command Headquarters at Poona in 1918. In 1943 he was appointed Puisne Judge High Court of Judicature at Nagpur. In 1926 Digby married Violet M. Kidd and they had one son, Simon Digby, later to become a noted oriental scholar. Digby died on 25 September 1944.

Esta Nambayo, is a lawyer and judge, who was appointed to the High Court of Uganda on 4 October 2019. Before that, from 27 August 2018 until 4 October 2019, she served as the Chief Registrar of the Courts of Judicature in Uganda. In that position, she was the fifth-highest judicial officer in the country, behind the (1) Chief Justice (2) Deputy Chief Justice (3) Principal Judge and the (4) Secretary to the Judiciary.

Additionally they help in coordinating and carrying out of communication throughout the district. There is also a women's police station under CO-1st in Bareilly for action on crimes and issues related to women. Bareilly has a District Court under the High Court of Judicature of Allahabad. The court is headed by the district judge of Bareilly, who is assisted by numerous additional district judges, civil judges (senior division) and additional civil judges.

While on the court he focused on improving the efficiency of the courts and to integrate all the courts of the Oregon Judicial Department. As part of these efforts, the time to trial in Oregon dropped almost in half to about one year, and he helped create the rules for trial courts. He was awarded the American Judicature Society's Herbert Harley Award in September 1992 for his efforts to improve administration of the courts in Oregon.

The Judicature Act, 1907, established the Supreme Court of Saskatchewan. The Battleford Court House was designed by the architectural firm of Storey and Van Egmond, and constructed in 1907, marking the end of the old territorial court system. The Canadian Northern Railway was built north of the North Saskatchewan River creating a rapidly growing community of North Battleford. Battleford was no longer the capital of the NWT, nor centre of law and order through the post at Fort Battleford.

Harvey supported an independent appellate court designed only to hear appeals. The Judicature Act enacted these changes in 1919, and it was proclaimed in 1921. The proper way to have done this would have been to abolish the old Supreme Court and create two new courts: one for trials, another solely for appeals. However, due to "slipshod and inartistic" drafting, the enacting statute merely created an independent appeal court without abolishing the old Supreme Court of Alberta.

Pitman was educated at Eton and New College, Oxford, where he studied modern history. While at Oxford he stroked the university crew to four victories in the Boat Races of 1892, 1893, 1894 and 1895. He was called to the Bar in 1897 and was Judge Advocate of the Fleet and Recorder of Rochester 1924-33, then was a Referee of the Supreme Court of Judicature, 1933–45 and Chairman of the Berkshire Quarter Sessions, 1927–45.

The number of Lord Justices of Appeal was fixed at five by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1881, but has since been increased. Judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales are selected from the ranks of senior judges, in practice High Court judges with lengthy experience, appointed by the Monarch on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. The appointment is open to all types of civilians, including ministers of state and members of parliament.

After being demobilised from the Army he returned to his career, eventually rising to become Principal Clerk at the Supreme Court of Judicature. He played golf regularly and had been Captain of the Royal Courts Gold Association in the 1920sGolf - Royal Courts of Justice G.A., The Times, 1922-03-07, p.7. and was involved in the formation of the Civil Service Cricket Association during the same period.Civil Service Sport - Remarkable Progress, The Times, 1922-06-06, p.5.

For some time he wrote articles for the Daily News (UK) and in 1848 he published his first book. Arnould was appointed puisne judge at the Supreme Court of Judicature at Bombay in 1859, whereas he was created a Knight Bachelor. In 1862, as the Bombay High Court was inaugurated, he became one of its first judges. Arnould presided in the 1862 Maharaj Libel Case and the 1866 Aga Khan case and retired three years later in 1869.

However, bodies of executed people were allowed funeral proceedings. In contemporary history, the first execution law was established on March 25, 1895, by the Supreme Court of Judicature of Japan acting under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan. The first death sentence was given four days later, on March 29, 1895 to Jeon Bongjun. Currently, the Penal Code of South Korea regulates executions as a form of punishment for some crimes according to the Criminal Law section 41.

This is a list of the vice-admirals of Orkney and Shetland. The Vice-Admiral of Orkney and Shetland was originally a heritable post, in the hands of the Earls of Morton, which conferred the power of judicature over the maritime affairs of the islands. In 1747 the Earl gave up his heritable rights to the crown in return for a cash payment. The post then became a commission granted by the Crown to a nobleman of the country.

He therefore set out to set up the courts of Judicature and strengthening the fortifications of Bombay. He also initiated a survey of Bombay with a view of ascertaining the island's total land revenue. Although this trip lasted just under a month, it had set the foundations for future work. 1671 found Aungier frustrated as he was stranded at Surat, first by the disturbances/delays created by the Mughal Governor and later by the advent of Shivaji.

English common law courts before 1830 The Court of Exchequer Chamber was an English appellate court for common law civil actions before the reforms of the Judicature Acts of 1873–1875. It originated in the fourteenth century, established in its final form by a statute of 1585.27 Eliz. 1 c. 8 The Court heard references from the King's Bench, the Court of Exchequer and, from 1830, directly rather than indirectly from the Court of Common Pleas.

The Trial of William Wemms, James Hartegan, William M'Cauley, Hugh White, Matthew Killroy, William Warren, John Carrol, and Hugh Montgomery, soldiers in His Majesty's 29th Regiment of Foot, for the murder of Crispus Attucks, Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick, James Caldwell, and Patrick Carr, on Monday-evening, the 5th of March, 1770, at the Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and general goal delivery, held at Boston. The 27th day of November, 1770, by adjournment. Before the Hon.

He was the leading counsel for Britain before the Alabama Claims tribunal in Geneva. Despite his continuing opposition to the government on Irish and Church issues, Palmer was appointed on 15 October 1872 as Lord Chancellor under Gladstone. He was created Baron Selborne of Selborne in the County of Southampton and was sworn of the Privy Council. His first tenure in office saw the passage of the Judicature Act of 1873, which reorganised the English judiciary.

The appeal system before 1875 was "chaotic". The superior courts system consisted of 12 different courts, with appeal on common law matters to the Court of Exchequer Chamber, chancery matters to the Court of Appeal in Chancery and other matters to the Privy Council. This was the subject of a review by the Judicature Commission, established in 1867 to consider the creation of a "Supreme Court" (a High Court and Court of Appeal). The result was published in 1869.

Samuel Sewall (; March 28, 1652 – January 1, 1730) was a judge, businessman, and printer in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, best known for his involvement in the Salem witch trials,Starkey, Marion L. The Devil in Massachusetts 1949 Doubleday Edition pp.261-2 for which he later apologized, and his essay The Selling of Joseph (1700), which criticized slavery. He served for many years as the chief justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, the province's high court.

He was appointed the record keeper of a number of the province's courts, and also served for several years on the bench of the Suffolk County Court of Common Pleas. On June 30, 1702 Governor Joseph Dudley appointed him to be Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Judicature, the province's high court. He only held this office for a year, at which time he resigned, citing poor health and the workload of his other positions.

Esther Damalie Nagitta-Musoke (Esther Damalie Naggita-Musoke) is a Ugandan academic, and served as the dean and acting principal of the school of law at Makerere University, in Uganda, for close to five years, from 2012 until 2017. She was preceded by Professor Ben Twinomugisha and succeeded by Dr. Christopher Mbaziira. She is also an Advocate of the Courts of Judicature in Uganda and partner in the Law Chambers of Mubiru-Musoke, Musisi & Co. Advocates.

In 1844, Awdry received a Doctorate of Civil Law by the University of Oxford. Awdry was called to the bar by the Middle Temple in 1822 and became a bencher in 1830, on whose occasion he was created a Knight Bachelor. He was puisne judge and commissioner of the Insolvent Debtor's Court in Bombay. In 1839, he was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Bombay, resigning from this post after three years.

In his early life, he was a midshipman in the Royal Navy, before becoming a barrister in 1872. In 1877, he was appointed as a secretary to the Judicature Committee and as a solicitor to The Treasury a year later. In 1894, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath and as Treasury Solicitor that year, as well as Queen's Proctor and Director of Public Prosecutions.The history of the Crown Prosecution Service at www.cps.gov.

During the Salem Witch Trials, Bradstreet was Justice of the Peace for Andover. He issued warrants for the arrest and imprisonment of forty-eight suspected "witches", after which he refused to issue any more. As a result, Bradstreet and his wife, Anne, were accused of witchcraft and forced to flee the area. In December 1692, Bradstreet's name appears atop a 1692 petition to the Superior Court of Judicature at Salem to free fellow residents of Andover from prison.

On 30 June 2002, she was appointed by the Federation entity parliament as judge of the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In June 2006 she was appointed President of the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina. She retired at age 70 in 2008. Hadžiosmanović-Mahić dedicated her entire professional career to the law and its theoretical and practical application in economy as well as dealing with first-instance, second-instance, appellate, cassation and constitutional judicature.

Growing distaste of politics and corruption affecting the gubernatorial appointments of judges brought about the reform when selecting judges. In 1940, the state of Missouri adopted the Missouri Plan, which contained a judicial retention process similar to that of California. This plan which is also known as the merit system, was proposed by Albert M. Kales, co-founder of the American Judicature Society. Under the Missouri Plan, judges were to be nominated by a council of lawyers and laypersons.

The Colony of New Hampshire adopted the temporary 1776 Constitution. The newly formed legislature abolished the existing executive courts made up of the governor and council, and established the "Superior Court of Judicature" as the appellate court with four justices. The Court follows the common law and since Tomson v. Ward (1816) has published official law reports of its precedential opinions. In 1876, an act was passed creating the "Supreme Court" as New Hampshire’s highest court.

Abha Singh is a former civil servant and an advocate practicing currently in the High Court of Judicature at Bombay. She is also a renowned social activist and has contributed considerably in the realm of women's rights, gender equality and Justice.She is married to Yogesh Pratap Singh, who formerly was an officer in Indian Police force and currently serves as a lawyer in Bombay High Court. Her father too was a gallantry award-winning police officer.

Archive records from the court indicate that this related to the granting and revoking of letters of marque and the provision of sureties by masters or shipowners. After the death of Ellis Bent, deputy judge advocate of the colony and also judge of this court, his brother Jeffery Hart Bent, offered to serve as judge. Jeffery Bent was the judge of the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature. His offer was declined by Governor Hunter and he was never commissioned.

Failing health led to his resignation of those offices, and he took a voyage to the South Seas. He resided for a short time at Sydney, and finally settled in Egypt, where he practised as an advocate. After the bombardment of Alexandria, and the reorganization of the Egyptian judicature, he was appointed judge of the court of appeal, but being without any previous experience of administrative work he found the strain too great for his health.

" Journal of the American Judicature Society. vol. 18 (October 1934). 72. Quoted by Tananbaum, 7. While Article II of the United Nations Charter stated "Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state," an international analogue to the Tenth Amendment, Holman saw the work of the U.N. on the proposed Genocide Convention and Universal Declaration of Human RightsGladwin Hill. "U.

Another version of the Scanian Law is recorded in the composite volume Ledreborg 12 12mo (dated to the 14th century), which contains an adaptation of the Scanian Law for use within the area of Zealandic judicature. Apart from the Scanian Law and the Scanian Ecclesiastical Law, the Ledreborg manuscript has other Scanian legal material: the Scanian version of Eric V of Denmark’s Vordenborg Decree of March 19, 1282 and his Nyborg Decree for Scania of May 26, 1284.

In 1759 he married Rhoda Barnard of Salisbury, with whom he had seven children. Sargent was elected in 1775 to the Massachusetts Provincial Congress (the de facto government of the province at the time). He was offered a position on the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature (the province's highest court) by the congress' council, where he would serve for the rest of his life. He was a charter member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1780).

As a member of the court, he was part of the group that tried and condemned to death Col. Nicholas Bayard and John Hutchins for treason. The resulting uproar led to his suspension on June 9, 1702 from both the Court and the Governor's Council. In 1710, however, he was again appointed to the Governor's Council and in 1718, was commissioned as Second Judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature, remaining on the bench until his death in 1733.

Caleb Orozco successfully argued in court that Belize's sodomy ban was unconstitutional. In September 2010, the United Belize Advocacy Movement (UNIBAM) and its executive director Caleb Orozco jointly filed a case in the Supreme Court of Judicature of Belize challenging the constitutionality of Belize's anti-sodomy law with the support of the International Commission of Jurists, the Commonwealth Lawyers' Association, and the Human Dignity Trust. Counsel for the Church Interested Parties (CIP) (consisting of the Roman Catholic Church, the Belize Church of England Corporate Body, and the Evangelical Association of Churches) argued in January 2012 that UNIBAM had no standing to bring the case because, as an organization, it has no constitutionally guaranteed rights. Relying on Section 20 of the Belize Constitution, the court sided with CIP on 27 April 2012 and struck out UNIBAM as a claimant. In December 2012, Justice Arana granted UNIBAM "interested party" status, which was the same status given to CIP."UNIBAM regains ground in court", 7 News Belize, 5 December 2012 The case was heard by the Supreme Court of Judicature in May 2013,Global Post.

Alghero's population later grew because of the arrival of Catalan colonists. In the early 16th century Alghero received papal recognition as a bishopric and the status of King's City (ciutat de l'Alguer) and developed economically. Sulis Tower Historically, the city was founded in the early twelfth century between 1102 and 1112, when the noble Doria family of Genoa was allowed to build the first historical nucleus into an empty section of the coast of the parish of Nulauro in Judicature of Torres (Sassari).

After more than a decade in Burma, Rudledge returned to the practice of law, and was appointed Government Advocate of Burma in 1919; he was called to the Inner Bar in 1921. In 1922, he was appointed a Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Rangoon. Following the resignation of Sir Sidney Maddock Robinson, Rutledge succeeded as Chief Justice of Rangoon on 4 December 1924. Rutledge was a strong supporter of the government of Sir Harcourt Butler and its policies.

Vinelott J in Tyburn Productions v Conan DoyleTyburn Productions v Conan Doyle [1991] Ch 75; [1990] 185. reasoned that it was too late for the courts to overturn the distinctions between local and transitory actions because it is settled. Vinelott J also reasoned that the grounds to which the courts have hitherto refused to exercise jurisdiction in actions of trespass to land situated abroad was substantial and not technical, and that the distinction was not accordingly affected by the Judicature Acts.

In private practice, Owen handled a broad range of civil matters at the trial and appellate levels. She was admitted to practice before various state and federal trial courts and appellate courts. She is a member of the American Law Institute, the American Judicature Society, the American Bar Association, and a Fellow of the American and Houston Bar Foundations. In 1993, after 17 years at Andrews & Kurth, she was asked to run for the Texas Supreme Court as a Republican.

The proclamation took effect on 27 September. As a result, the office of governor became governor-general under the Letters Patent 1917 to reflect New Zealand's status as a dominion more fully. The Letters Patent also removed a number of powers the governor previously held while New Zealand was a colony. In 1908, two enactments of constitutional importance were passed: the Judicature Act, which describes the Jurisdiction of the New Zealand Judiciary; and the Legislature Act, setting out the powers of Parliament.

The Court of Chancery's reputation for tardiness and expense resulted in much of its business transferring to the Exchequer. The Exchequer and Chancery, with similar jurisdictions, drew closer together over the years until an argument was made during the 19th century that having two seemingly-identical courts was unnecessary. As a result, the Exchequer lost its equity jurisdiction. With the Judicature Acts, the Exchequer was formally dissolved as a judicial body by an Order in Council on 16 December 1880.

Webb was a member of these legal societies: the Atlanta Lawyers Club, the Georgia Bar Foundation, the American Bar Foundation, the American Judicature Society, and the American Law Institute. He was also a member of the Masonic Lodge, the Royal Arch Masons, the Knights Templar, the Scottish Rite Temple, the Hasan Shrine Temple, and the Royal Order of Jesters. In 1984, his wife published her own book, Linkage: the study of a family, on the history of the Webb family.

Edmonton Journal v Alberta (AG), [1989] 2 S.C.R. 1326 is a leading freedom of the press case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada. The Court held that publication restrictions on matrimonial proceedings, section 30(1) of Alberta's Judicature Act, and on pre-trial stages of civil actions, section 30(2) of said Act, were in violation of freedom of expression rights under section 2(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and could not be saved under section 1.

Cases referring to penalty clauses use the words "void" and "unenforceable" interchangeably. In the High Court of Australia in the decision of AMEV-UDC Finance Ltd v Austin,. Mason and Wilson JJ stated: "At least since the advent of the Judicature system a penalty provision has been regarded as unenforceable _or, perhaps void, ab initio_ ". (emphasis added) Because an allegation that a clause constitutes a penalty is usually raised as a defence to a contractual claim, there is no practical difference.

The High Court was created by the Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Act 1877, through the amalgamation of a number of courts. Most importantly, the three superior common-law courts (the Court of King's Bench, the Court of Common Pleas, and the Court of Exchequer) and the Court of Chancery were merged into the new court. Also merged into it were the courts of Landed Estates, Probate, Matrimonial Causes, Admiralty, and Bankruptcy.Delaney, V.T.H. Christopher Palles Alan Figgis and Co. 1960, p.

As the Holy Roman Empire was composed of countless minor territorial entities, the laws varied very much, according to local traditions and religions. These laws were codified in about local 3000 Weistümer (also called Holtinge or Dingrodel), collections of rural laws. Only in relation to the Imperial superior Court of Justice, the Reichskammergericht, there existed codes of procedure. In addition to these the Corpus Iuris Canonici, the source of the better organized ecclesiastical judicature and the old Corpus Iuris Civilis.

However, two of the eleven Superior Court of Judicature justices were against him, leading the normally amiable Ames to an especially vituperative stance against lawyers for the rest of his career.Compared with other almanac makers of the day, for an anti-lawyer attitude was standard. He took down his tavern sign and replaced it with a cartoon of the judges, all easily identifiable. Each was shown studying the Province laws, except the two dissenters, who had their backs turned to the law books.

Eventually Field's civil procedure code was, with some changes, adopted in 24 states. It also influenced later procedural reforms in England and several of her colonies (specifically, the Judicature Acts). In 1857, Field became chair of another state commission, this time for the systematic codification of all of New York state law except for those portions already reported upon by the Commissioner of Practice and Pleadings. In this work he personally prepared almost the whole of the political and civil codes.

He received an LL.B. from The University of Alabama in 1963. Shelby is a member of the American Bar Association and Alabama State Bar, as well as the American Judicature Society, Alabama Law Institute, Delta Chi fraternity, and Phi Alpha Delta legal fraternity. Shelby was a city prosecutor in Tuscaloosa, Alabama from 1963 to 1971. From 1966 to 1970, Shelby was a U.S. Magistrate for the Northern District of Alabama; from 1969 to 1971, he was a Special Assistant State Attorney General.

Whitehead Hicks (August 24, 1728 – October 4, 1780) was the 42nd Mayor of New York City from 1766 to 1776.Greenbook-Mayors of the City of New York, retrieved on September 8, 2008 Hicks came from a Quaker family which settled and lent its name to Hicksville, New York. Hicks studied law under William Smith and was admitted to practice in 1750. The son of Judge Thomas Hicks, he was a lawyer and served on the New York Supreme Court of Judicature.

The Part VII of the Constitution of Pakistan reconstituted the composition of Supreme Court and the high courts but it does not specify the number of justices to be served in the Supreme Court. Qualifications to be served as a supreme court justice are strictly imposed that are based on merit, personal intellectualism, and experiences as a judge in the high courts.Article 175A(1)-Article 175A(7) in the Chapter 1: The Courts. of Part VII: The Judicature in the Constitution of Pakistan.

After the adoption of a new Constitution in 2008, the judicial branch of the country was completely renewed to provide a cooperative leadership by having a judicial and an administrative head. As such, the bodies of Ecuador's judicial branch now consisted of the National Court of Justice, provincial courts (created by the National Court), tribunals and judges, National Council of the Judicature, Public Defendants' Office, and State Attorneys' Office. The 2008 Constitution also led to the creation of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador.

Created in 1881 pursuant to the Ontario Judicature Act (1881), the Supreme Court of Ontario had two branches: the High Court of Justice Division and the Appellate Division.History of the Ontario Courts - Chapter 3 The Supreme Court of Ontario was a Section 96 court with inherent jurisdiction. The Appellate Division was later transformed into the Court of Appeal for Ontario. In 1989 the Courts of Justice Amendment Act, 1989 was enacted by the Government to create one large superior trial court for Ontario.

Administration procedural law (Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung [VwGO]), which was enacted in 1960, rules the court procedures at the administrative court. The VwGO is divided into five parts, which are the constitution of the courts,Kopp / Rammsauer Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung Kommentar pp. 1–94 action, remedies and retrial, costs and enforcement15 and final clauses and temporary arrangements.Kopp / Rammsauer Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung Kommentar p. 605,1517,1760,1882 In absence of a rule, the VwGO is supplemented by the code of civil procedure (Zivilprozessordnung [ZPO]) and the judicature act (Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz [GVG]).

There was also a vein of resentment towards the prominent role given many Catholics in the county. The Clubmen's Woodbury Hill proclamation stated that they would not obey any Papist or Papist Recusant, "nor ought [they] … be trusted in any office of state, justice, or judicature". As Royalist power collapsed in May 1646, Worcester was placed under siege. Worcester had around 5,000 civilians, together with a Royalist garrison of around 1,500 men, facing a 2,500–5,000 strong force of the New Model Army.

Conaboy was a deputy state attorney general for the State Workman's Insurance Fund of Pennsylvania from 1953 to 1959. He was a hearing examiner of the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board from 1959 to 1962. Conaboy then served as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, from 1962 to 1979, and was the president judge from 1978 to 1979. He was a member of the American Bar Association, the Pennsylvania Bar Association and the American Judicature Society.

In 2014 he became Deputy Spokesman for the committee. Seif's thematic areas of expertise in the committee are basic rights; EU citizenship; coordination between the judicature and police; border protection and counterterrorism; and asylum- and migration policy. Additionally, he is the CDU/CSU parliamentary group's rapporteur for Great Britain and Malta. Between 2009 and 2017, Seif was a member of the Committee on Legal Affairs, where he served as his parliamentary group's rapporteur on legal professionals, data privacy and labor law.

While on the council, he advised the next governor, Sir Henry Moore, and his Lt. Governor, Cadwallader Colden, to "delay the issuance of the stamped paper required by the unpopular Stamp Act." Reade participated in the grand jury, with Frederick Philipse II as Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature, of New York Slave Conspiracy trials of 1741 which, based upon questionable testimony, resulted in death sentences for thirty-four defendants and the deportation of ninety-one others away from the colony.

A History of the Freedom Movement: 1906–1936, p. 409 He was one of those who successfully promoted the foundation of the Maulana Azad College. On 20 July 1908, Rahim was appointed a Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Madras,London Gazette, Issue 28161 of 24 July 1908, p. 5420 and in September 1912 (with Lord Islington, Lord Ronaldshay, Herbert Fisher, and others) as a member of the Royal Commission on the Public Services in India of 1912–1915.

Judges are members of the Judicial Service of the Republic. All judges, except those of the Supreme Court, are appointed by the Supreme Council of Judicature, a body composed of the judges of the Supreme Court, which is responsible for their appointment, promotion, transfer and discipline. Supreme Court Judges are appointed by the President of the Republic on the recommendation of the Supreme Court. There are 85 judges serving in all courts of first instance and 13 judges serving in the Supreme Court.

However, there are important differences. The sources of the law of Northern Ireland are Irish common law, and statute law. Of the latter, statutes of the Parliaments of Ireland, of the United Kingdom and of Northern Ireland are in force, and latterly statutes of the devolved Assembly. The courts of Northern Ireland are headed by the Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland, consisting of the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal, the Northern Ireland High Court of Justice and the Northern Ireland Crown Court.

He issued a declaration saying: The word 'well' in the King's determination above did not just mean good but meant superior. The King decreed on the advice of the Attorneys General that if there was a conflict between the common law and equity, equity would prevail. Equity's primacy in England was later enshrined in the Judicature Acts in 1873 and 1875, which also served to fuse the courts of equity and the common law (although emphatically not the systems themselves) into one unified court system.

In his work for the Bar, McKay was a strong proponent of requiring mandatory Continuing Legal Education for lawyers and mandatory pro bono work by practicing attorneys. He was the recipient of numerous awards, including the William Nelson Cromwell Medal of the New York County Lawyers Association in 1973, the Justice Award of the American Judicature Society in 1986, the Gold Medal of the Bar Association of the City of New York in 1987, and the Servant of Justice Award of the Legal Aid Society in March.

The Australian state of Victoria maintained, until 2009, provisions for a grand jury in the Crimes Act 1958 under section 354 indictments, which had been used on rare occasions by individuals to bring other persons to court seeking them to be committed for trial on indictable offences. Grand juries were introduced by the Judicature Act 1874 and have been used on a very limited number of occasions. Their function in Victoria particularly relates to alleged offences either by bodies corporate or where magistrates have aborted the prosecution.

William H. Chamberlain (January 22, 1931 – October 12, 1972)The Political Graveyard, "Index of Politicians, Chalane to Chamberlain" was a Democratic politician who was elected to various Illinois state offices. Born in Sangamon County, Illinois, Chamberlain was the delegate to the Democratic National Convention from Illinois in 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was the Secretary of State for Illinois, thereafter serving as circuit judge until his death in 1972. He was a member of the Knights of Columbus, Urban League, and American Judicature Society.

Carswell was Counsel to the Attorney General for Northern Ireland in the years 1969 and 1971, and Senior Crown Counsel in Northern Ireland from 1979 to 1984. In 1984, he became Judge of the High Court of Justice Northern Ireland, a post he held until 1992. He was Lord Justice of Appeal at the Supreme Court of Judicature in Northern Ireland from 1992 to 1997 and further Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland from 1997 to 2004. Lord Carswell was made a Queen's Counsel in 1971.

The Court of Exchequer (Ireland) existed from about 1299 to 1877. It was abolished under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 and was merged, along with the Court of King's Bench (Ireland), the Court of Chancery (Ireland) and the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland), into the new High Court of Justice in Ireland (now replaced by the High Court). The Central Fund, the Republic of Ireland's equivalent of the UK's Consolidated Fund, is colloquially called the Exchequer when distinguished as a component of government funding.

Guy is recipient of several honors, including: the Herbert Harley Award from the American Judicature Society, and the Outstanding Judge Award (in 2000) from the Washington State Bar Association. In addition, he was recognized as the Jurist of the Year by the American Board of Trial Advocates. He has been acclaimed by his alma mater, Gonzaga Law School: in 1993, he received an Honorary Doctor of Laws; in 2001, he received the Distinguished Legal Service Award; and, in 2017, he was conferred the Gonzaga Law Medal.

O'Hagan's retirement did nothing to lessen Christian's ill- temper; other judges came in for attack, including Chief Justice James Whiteside, whom he accused of speaking constantly on matters of which he was ignorant. In his later years he seems to have been a lonely and isolated figure: his vigorous opposition to the Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Act 1877 was entirely unsuccessful.Delaney p.92 A feeling of isolation may partly explain his decision to retire, though certainly his increasing deafness also played a part.

After the democratic change on 5 October 2000 and the assassination of Zoran Đinđić, during the rule of his political opponents Vojislav Koštunica and Boris Tadić, Serbian administration fabricated against Subotić a politically motivated proceeding indicted for alleged abuse of office in the private company. In spite of the media campaign against him and huge political harassment to the judicature this process was concluded at the end of 2015 and he was pronounced a verdict in his favour and acquitted before the Court of Appellation in Belgrade.

He was called to the Bar and proceeded to India in 1814, where he obtained a large and lucrative practice. In 1822 he accepted the appointment of Registrar of the Supreme Court of Judicature, Calcutta, which he held until his return to England in 1833. In 1839 he was elected a Director of the East India Company. He was elected MP for Beverley in 1834, and represented Honiton from 1847–1857, which seat he lost by two votes at the general election that year.

D'Alemberte served as the president of the American Judicature Society from 1982 to 1984, then again from 2005 - 2007. He represented Dade County in the Florida House of Representatives from 1966 to 1972 as a Democrat and chaired several legislative committees. He received the award for "Outstanding First Term Member". In 1972 he also recognition as "Outstanding member of the Florida House" After leaving the Florida Legislature, he chaired the Florida Constitution Revision Commission in 1977-1978 and the Florida Commission on Ethics in 1974-1975.

The proceedings before the coroner were held to be irregular by the supreme court of judicature in Bengal, and nothing came of the inquiry instituted by the company. On 16 April 1779, Admiral Hugh Pigot brought the subject of his brother's deposition before the House of Commons. A series of resolutions affirming the principal facts of the case was agreed to, and an address to the king, recommending the prosecution of Messrs. Stratton, Brooke, Floyer, and Mackay, who were at that time residing in England, was adopted.

The politics of Pakistan takes place within the framework established by the constitution. The country is a federal parliamentary republic in which provincial governments enjoy a high degree of autonomy and residuary powers. Executive power is vested with the national cabinet which is headed by the prime minister(Imran Khan; 2018-), who works coherently along with the bicameral parliament and the judicature. Stipulations set by the constitution provide a delicate check and balance of sharing powers between executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government.

Oliver was appointed Justice of the Peace in 1744, and a justice of the Court of Common Pleas in 1747. He was named a justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature in 1756. Oliver supported the idea that colonists should be taxed and more effort should be put into preventing smuggling to pay for the French and Indian War. Originally starting in 1765, the Sons of Liberty used threats and violence as a tool to manipulate the actions of Peter Oliver and his brother Andrew.

According to the Article 111 of the Constitution as amended by the 17th Amendment - Judges of the High Court are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission made after consultation with the Attorney General and removable by the President and are subject to disciplinary control by the President on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission. Age of retirement of the Judges of the High Court is 61 years [Section 6(3) of the Judicature Act, No. 2 of 1978].

Livingston, known as 'Judge Livingston' to distinguish him from his eponymous father and other prominent Livingstons, was a member of the New York Provincial Assembly from 1759 to 1768. He served as judge of the admiralty court from 1760 to 1763. He was a delegate to the Stamp Act Congress of 1765, and, in 1775, a member of the Committee of One Hundred, which briefly governed New York City. From 1763 until 1775, he served as a Justice of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature.

As they answer simple questions about their legal issue, the technology then "translates" the answers to create, or assemble, the documents that are needed for filing with the court. An ABA publication lists "organizations involved in pro se issues" as including (in addition to the ABA itself) the American Judicature Society, the National Center for State Courts, and the State Justice Institute. States have organizations dedicated to delivering services to pro se litigants. For instance, the Minnesota Bar Association has a "pro se implementation committee".

The letters patent were issued by Queen Victoria under the authority of the British parliament's Indian High Courts Act 1861. The three courts remain unique in modern India, having been established under British royal charter; this is in contrast with the country's other high courts, which have been directly established under the Indian Constitution. However, the Constitution of India recognises the status of the older courts. The Madras High Court was formed by merging the Supreme Court of Judicature at Madras, and the Sadr Diwani Adalat.

McGown was born in Belfast in 1876, and was educated at Merchiston Castle School in Scotland, before being accepted into Clare College, Cambridge in 1894. He gained his Bachelor of Arts in 1897 and served as a solicitor to the Supreme Court of Judicature in Ireland. He fought for the British Army during the First World War, serving in the Royal Army Ordnance Department. McGown reached the rank of MajorSupplement to the London Gazette 8 December 1920 holding the additional posts of Deputy Adjutant and Quartermaster-General.

The most important matter dealt with by the rules is the mode of pleading. The authors of the Judicature Act had before them two systems of pleading, both of which were open to criticism. The common law pleadings (it was said) did not state the facts on which the pleader relied, but only the legal aspect of the facts or the inferences from them, while the chancery pleadings were lengthy, tedious and to a large extent irrelevant and useless. There was some exaggeration in both statements.

Edward Livingston was born in Clermont, Columbia County, New York. He was the youngest son of Judge Robert Livingston and Margaret (née Beekman) Livingston, and was a member of the prestigious Livingston family. His father was a member of the New York Provincial Assembly and a Judge of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature and his mother was heir to immense tracts of land in Dutchess and Ulster counties. Among his many siblings were Chancellor of New York Robert R. Livingston; Janet Livingston, who married Gen.

After returning to Japan, he became Japan's first female probation officer at the Tokyo juvenile court. She was married to , a prosecutor in the Supreme Court of Judicature of Japan, from 1927 until his death in 1942. She was elected to the House of Councillors national district in the 1947 Japanese House of Councillors election, and was a member of Ryokufūkai. She was re-elected in the 1953 Japanese House of Councillors election, and she devoted her efforts to the enactment of the Prostitution Prevention Law.

In 2014, due to funding constraints, AJS operations shifted from the Dwight D. Opperman Center at Drake University to the AJS Hawaii Chapter. Due to donations from groups including the National Center for State Courts, the Duke Law Center for Judicial Studies, the Hunter Center of the Communities Foundation of Texas, and the South Texas College of Law, the assets and programs of the original Society were preserved. The Hawaii State Chapter of the original Society has carried on the operations of the new American Judicature Society.

He there entered the law-office of his brother, Gerritt Wendell, became a member of the Albany bar, subsequently judge of Washington county, and was for many years reporter of the supreme court of the state of New York. He published Reports of Cases in the Supreme Court of Judicature of New York, 1828-'41 (26 vols., Albany, 1829-'42), and Digest of Cases, Supreme Court of New York, 1828-'35 (1836); and edited Starkie's Law of Slander (2 vols., Albany, 1843), and Blackstone's Commentaries (4 vols.

In August 1904 in St Pancras, London, describing himself as a civil engineer, he married Florence Adeline Winifred Lloyd-Worrall (1872-1937), but they parted without having had any children in 1911, when he was running a garage in Bray, Berkshire, and she sued for divorce.The National Archives of the UK; Kew, Surrey, England; Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, later Supreme Court of Judicature: Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Files; Class:J77; Piece:1069; Item:2448 This was granted in 1912 and she had two further husbands.

In 1891 the Georgetown Fire Brigade moved into the ground floor of the building. Shortly afterwards, the Town Council bought the land between the City Hall and the Supreme Court of Judicature. In 1896, a fire station, stables for horses and a residence for the Sergeant Major in charge of the Fire Brigade were built on this land at the cost of $6,500 (Guyanese dollars). These buildings, which have since been altered and extended, now house the offices of the City Engineer, the Mayor and his staff.

The relevant legal basis must be interpreted in accordance with the fundamental right to personal self-determination. On 7 May 2019, the Federal Court of Justice, changing its previous judicature from 1984, confirmed that doctors have no obligation to stop the death of a person who, pursuant to a valid autonomous decision, attempts suicide. On 26 February 2020, the Federal Constitutional Court ruled the provision which penalized assisted suicide services unconstitutional and thus void. The provision violated the fundamental right to personal self-determination.

In 1779, the Virginia legislature appointed Innes as commissioner to settle claims to the unpatented lands around Abingdon. In that same year, he was appointed escheator for Bedford County by Governor Thomas Jefferson. Since he was so successful in collecting taxes, he was appointed, on March 27, 1782, to be the superintendent over the commissioners of six counties. In the fall of 1782, Innes was elected by the Virginia Legislature as an Assistant Judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature for the District of Kentucky.

The Constitution features a distinct separation of powers. Legislative power is dealt with in Chapter I, and is vested in the Federal Parliament (section 1). Executive power is dealt with in Chapter II, and is vested in the Governor-General as the Queen's representative (section 61). The judicature is dealt with in Chapter III, and is vested in the Federal High Court and "in such other federal courts as the Parliament creates, and in such other courts as it invests with federal jurisdiction" (section 71).

When the Supreme Court of New Zealand was established a superior court in 1841, it had inherent jurisdiction to issue certiorari to control inferior courts and tribunals.Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966: Legal System: Supreme Court. The common law jurisdiction to issue certiorari was modified by statute in 1972, when the New Zealand Parliament passed the Judicature Amendment Act. This Act created a new procedural mechanism, known as an "application for review", which could be used in place of certiorari and the other prerogative writs.

Atkins was re-appointed and held office until late 1809, although he was temporarily deposed during the Rum Rebellion of 1808. At the end of 1809, Ellis Bent, a barrister, arrived from England to take up the appointment as judge-advocate. He held the office until his death on 10 November 1815 and was the last judge-advocate to preside in the court before it was abolished when it was replaced by the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature, the Governors Court and Lieutenant Governor's Court.

Phillips received the Burton Award for Professionalism in Law in 2004, the National Center for State Courts' Carrico Award for Judicial Innovation in 2005, the American Judicature Society's Justice Award in 2007, the Texas Young Lawyers Association Outstanding Mentor Award in 2010, and Baylor University's "Pro Texana" Meritorious Achievement Award in 2013. After winning re-election in 1996 and 2002, Phillips retired from the court in 2004 to teach and return to the private sector. Governor Rick Perry appointed Associate Justice Wallace B. Jefferson to succeed Phillips.

The first Judges' Council sprang out of the Judicature Acts, which created a unified High Court of Justice and Court of Appeal of England and Wales, and also gave these courts permission to alter their own procedure. This was criticised on the grounds that the judges might do so ineffectively or slowly.Thomas (2005) p.608 The 1873 bill's eventual clauses contained, thanks to the influence of Lord Chief Justice Cockburn, provisions for the creation of a Council of the Judges of the Supreme Court.

Dozens of emails were exchanged between officials "regarding urgency".cbc.ca: "7 things list reveals about controversial judge-moving bill", 27 Jun 2016 The Law Society of New Brunswick and the Canadian Bar Association had taken positions favourable to Smith's cause by 4 July.cbc.ca: "Liberals dismiss...", 4 Jul 2016 The changes to the Judicature Act were reintroduced as Bill 17 on 16 November,cbc.ca: "Judge-moving legislation introduced again", 16 Nov 2016 shortly after the new session began with a Speech from the Throne on 2 November.

After becoming a Barrister, he returned to Bengal in 1894 and joined with Satyendra Prasanno Sinha, (Lord Sinha), as a Bar-at-Law. Successively he opened up law practice in Kolkata in a rented apartment in 82, Circular Road. When his step-father Durgamohan died on 19 December 1897, he opened practice in Rangpur court. The High Court at Calcutta, which used to be known as the High Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal, was established and formally opened on 1 July 1862.

Walters became a wealthy businessman and, in 1698, he was appointed to the Council by Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont, Governor of the Province of New York. When Judge Abraham de Peyster recused himself due to conflicts of interest due to his extensive holdings, Walters was chosen to substitute on the Supreme Court of Judicature. He also substituted for Judge Stephen Van Cortlandt when Van Cortlandt was ill. Upon William Atwood's swearing in as Chief Judge on August 5, 1701, Walters was appointed Third Judge.

Holles was an authority on the history and practice of parliament and the constitution, and besides the pamphlets already mentioned above was the author of The Case Stated concerning the Judicature of the House of Peers in the Point of Appeals (1675); The Case Stated of the Jurisdiction of the House of Lords in the point of Impositions (1676); Letter of a Gentleman to his Friend showing that the Bishops are not to be judges in Parliament in Cases Capital (1679); Lord Holles his Remains, being a 2nd letter to a Friend concerning the judicature of the Bishops in Parliament... He also published A True Relation of the unjust accusation of certain French gentlemen (1671), an account of Holles's intercession on their behalf and of his dispute with Lord Chief Justice Keeling; and he left Memoirs, written in exile in 1649, and dedicated "to the unparalleled Couple, Mr Oliver St John ... and Mr Oliver Cromwell ..." published in 1699 and reprinted in Francis Maseres's Select Tracts relating to the Civil Wars, I. 189. Several speeches of Holles were printed and are extant, and his Letter to Van Beuninghen has been already quoted.

In this he was assisted by the Surveyor-General, who kept records of all Crown lands, and the Remembrancers, who took the oaths of people pursuing a case.Howard (1776) p.13 The Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 merged the Four Superior Courts into one High Court of Justice in Ireland, with the Court of Exchequer become its Exchequer Division. This division was abolished in 1897, although the last Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer retained his title until retiring from the High Court of Justice in 1916.

After studying law, Ludlow was admitted to the bar, and rose quickly within the profession. He focused his practice on commercial cases and was often employed either as an arbitrator or an adjustor. Ludlow was able to amass a fortune quickly and retire early to a large estate on his native Long Island. Shortly after his retirement, however, he was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and on December 14, 1769, he was commissioned as a judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature and served as Master of the Rolls.

Old High Court Building, Kuala Lumpur Palace of Justice, Putrajaya There are generally two types of trials, criminal and civil. The hierarchy of courts begins from the Magistrates' Court, Sessions Court, High Court, Court of Appeal, and finally, the Federal Court. The jurisdiction of the courts in civil or criminal matters are contained in the Subordinate Courts Act 1948 and the Courts of Judicature Act 1964. Article 121 of the Constitution provides for two High Courts of co- ordinate jurisdiction, the High Court in Malaya, and the High Court in Sabah and Sarawak.

Philipse II served as a Justice of the Peace, an Alderman and was repeatedly elected as Representative for the County of Westchester in the New York Assembly for the last twenty-seven years of his life until 1751. In the assembly, he served alongside Robert Livingston, the 3rd Lord of Livingston Manor, who represented Livingston Manor from 1737 to 1790. He was appointed Third Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature in 1731. He took office as Second Justice in 1733, a position that he held until his death in 1751.

Glen Balfour-Paul, The End of Empire in the Middle East. Britain's relinquishment of power in her last three dependencies, Cambridge tUniversity Press, 1991, (1996 paperback edition), p. 58–59. However, to mollify the Indian community which still opposed the transfer, links with India were not totally severed. While the District and Sessions Court of Aden became the Supreme Court of the new Colony, appeals could be made to the High Court of Judicature in Bombay in civil cases involving property and some civil rights cases, as well as in criminal cases.

As a member of Lord Dalhousie's council he supported the annexation of Oudh, and he stood by Lord Canning all through the Indian Mutiny. In 1859 Peacock became the last Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, and was knighted. He was appointed as the first Chief Justice of the Calcutta High Court on 1 July 1862. He returned to England in 1870 and in 1872 was appointed as a paid member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, the court of last resort for the British Empire.

Lord Hardwicke LC The case came before the Lord Chancellor, Lord Hardwicke, on 15 May 1750. Unusually for cases of the time, report of the decision is relatively long and complete. He commenced his judgment by noting the importance of the matter, calling as it did for "the determination of the right and boundaries of two great provincial governments and three counties; of a nature worthy the judicature of a Roman senate rather than of a single judge".Penn v Lord Baltimore (1750) 1 Ves Sen 444 at 446.

Grand juries were once common across Canada. The institution of British civil government in 1749 at Nova Scotia brought the judicature system peculiar to that form, and the grand jury was inherent to it. A similar form derived in Quebec from the promise of the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that a faithful copy of Laws of England would be instituted in the North American possessions of the Crown. Archival records are found that document the presentments of a grand jury in Quebec as early as 16 October 1764.

After the war Cloutman became a lawyer and was called to the Bar at Gray's Inn in 1926. In World War II he served again in the Royal Engineers and received a mention in despatches.Supplement to the London Gazette, 4 January 1944 He became a King's Counsel in 1946The London Gazette, 16 April 1946 and in 1947 he was appointed Senior Chairman of the War Pensions Tribunal. He was Senior Official Referee of the Supreme Court of Judicature (now the Senior Courts of England and Wales) 1954-63.

The Judicature Act has also been amended to raise the minimum number of Magistrates and Judges allowing more judicial officers to be hired. More magistrates and judges are needed to clear the backlog of cases that have caused great delay in the conclusion of cases and to staff new courts. New courts are needed to bring the courts closer to the people which is in line with devolution, a major principle written into the Constitution of 2010. New courts like the High Court opened in Garissa in November 2014 is a good example.

He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1795 to study law, was called to the Bar in 1801 and made a Serjeant-at-Law in 1809. He was Deputy Recorder of Cambridge and counsel on the Norfolk circuit. In 1821 he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature of Bengal at Fort William, Calcutta and received the customary knighthood in 1822. He died in Calcutta (now Kolkata) on 1 February 1823, at the age of 46, within a few months of taking up his judicial duties there.

Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. cautioned that "the proper derivation of general principles in both common and constitutional law ... arise gradually, in the emergence of a consensus from a multitude of particularized prior decisions."Frederic R. Kellog, Law, Morals, and Justice Holmes, 69 Judicature 214 (1986). Justice Cardozo noted the "common law does not work from pre-established truths of universal and inflexible validity to conclusions derived from them deductively", but "[i]ts method is inductive, and it draws its generalizations from particulars".Benjamin N. Cardozo, The Nature of the Judicial Process 22–23 (1921).

84) abolished the Supreme Court and vested judicial power in two sets of courts: the Superior Court of Judicature and the inferior Courts. This was reversed by Article 102(4) of the 1969 constitution establishing the second republic. After the coup on January 13, 1972, the Supreme Court was again abolished by the National Redemption Council with the reason that the 1969 constitution had been suspended and so there was no need for a court to "interpret and enforce it". Its functions were transferred to the Court of Appeal.

In 1903 he went to England to join the Society of Middle Temple and was called to the bar on 26 January 1906. On 27 January he was enrolled as a Barrister of the High court of judicature at London. After a very brief practice in England he came back to India in April 1906 and was enrolled as an advocate in Calcutta High Court Bar in 1906 at the age of 22. Started practice in Patna District Court in 1906 and later became a Senior Advocate of Patna High court.

50 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act, 1877, therefore no appeal lay. "This contention succeeded with O'Connor, M.R., and Lord Justices Ronan and O'Connel, and the appeal was duly dismissed". On 16 June 1921 (just six weeks after the verdict of the Military Court) the case appeared before the House of Lords in London for hearing on the Preliminary objection. Sir John Simon, KC, led Michael Comyn KC, James Comyn SC, their colleague, Joe McCarthy (later appointed a Judge) and Richard O'Sullivan of the English court appeared before the House.

Both programs are dedicated to preparing young scholars for academic careers. In the past he was involved with the American Judicature Society, was President of the Tennessee Civil Liberties Union, served on the Board of the State and Local Legal Center, and on the steering committee of New York University's Institute for Law and Society. He was Vice Dean of New York University School of Law from June 2007 to June 2010. Professor Friedman graduated from the University of Chicago and received his J.D. degree magna cum laude from Georgetown University Law Center.

A few days later he was condemned by the Special Judicature. He was freed thanks to Ildefonso Schuster, Milan archbishop. He spent the rest of the Second World War in a small village by Lake Como, and resumed his position at Liceo Alessandro Manzoni school on May 7, 1945. A widely appreciated educator, classical scholar in Greek and Latin, and a Lecco public figure after the Second World War, where he organized a cultural center, devoted to literature, and published Frammenti di Vita, a book of his recollections.

The Conservative government under Benjamin Disraeli had been defeated at the 1868 general election, so in December 1868 the victorious William Ewart Gladstone formed his first government. He introduced reforms in the British Army (including the abolition of the purchase system), the legal system (establishing the Supreme Court of Judicature) and the Civil Service, and disestablished the Church of Ireland. In foreign affairs he pursued a peaceful policy. His ministry was defeated in the 1874 election, whereupon Disraeli formed a ministry and Gladstone retired as Leader of the Liberal Party.

In 1691, with the accession of Governor Henry Sloughter, Pinhorne was appointed to the New York Provincial Council, where he served on the Committee for Preparing the Prosecution of Jacob Leisler. He then served as a judge in a special session of the Court of Oyer and Terminer which convened to try Leisler on charges of treason. Leisler was convicted, sentenced to death, and executed."William Pinhorne Biography at Historical Society of the New York Courts" On May 15, 1691, William Pinhorne was appointed Fourth Justice on the New York Supreme Court of Judicature.

In 1692 he moved to a plantation of over at Snake Hill in East Jersey, which resulted in his suspension on September 1 from his positions for non- residence. Returning to New York the following year, he was appointed Second Justice of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature on March 22, 1693, and on June 10 he was restored to the Council.Documents relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York, Volume III; John Romeyn Brodhead, Esq., Agent; Weed, Parsons and Company, Printers; Albany, New York, 1853; p.

With the fall of the Paris Commune, Marx cautiosly argued in The Civil War in France that "the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes. The centralized state power, with its ubiquitous organs of standing army, police, bureaucracy, clergy, and judicature—organs wrought after the plan of a systematic and hierarchic division of labor originates from the days of absolute monarchy, serving nascent middle class society as a mighty weapon in its struggle against feudalism".Marx, Karl (1871). The Civil War in France.

Beyond the classroom, Florida State Law faculty members are regularly cited as authorities by courts, law reform bodies and other scholars. One faculty member, Sandy D'Alemberte, is a former president of both the American Bar Association and the National Judicature Society. Affiliated faculty from other university departments holding courtesy appointments at the law school include John Scholz, a leading political scientist addressing regulatory enforcement; Bruce L. Benson, an economist focused and law and economics; R. Mark Isaac, a leading experimental economist; and Gary Kleck, a criminologist known for his work on guns and deterrence.

It was staffed by the Chief Justice, of whom Robert Bagod was the first, and two or three associate justices.Ball, F. Elrington, The Judges in Ireland 1221–1921, John Murray, London, 1926 The Court functioned until the passing of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877, when it was merged into the new High Court of Justice in Ireland. The last Chief Justice of the Common Pleas for Ireland, Sir Michael Morris, continued to hold the title until 1887, when he was appointed Lord Chief Justice of Ireland.

As a result, since the late 18th century, the criticism on this inquisitorial system has been increasingly growing fiercely intensified. After the French Revolution in 1789 the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen established principles that would become significant for later legal developments. Eventually, 1808 witnessed the establishment of the Code of criminal procedure in the litigation mode of separated prosecution and trial. After the end of World War II, the judicial committee brought out the amended version of the criminal procedure code, thus bringing the procedure into judicature.

In 2006 he joined Kenneth Starr in challenging the constitutionality of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act. Dinh currently serves on or has served on the boards of the News Corporation, The Orchard Enterprises, Inc. (NASDAQ; ORCD), Liberty's Promise, the American Judicature Society, the Transition Committee for California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, the Section on National Security Law of the Association of American Law Schools, the ABA Section on Administrative Law, Revlon, LPL Financial, and McAndrews and Forbes Worldwide. He currently resides in Washington, D.C., teaches at Georgetown University Law Center, and is a partner at Kirkland & Ellis.

Reaching an acceptable medium with the King's Bench and Exchequer of Pleas proved to be the downfall of all three courts; with several courts of near-identical jurisdiction, there was little need for separate bodies, and the superior courts of Westminster were merged by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 into a single High Court of Justice. With an Order in Council issued on 16 December 1880, the Common Pleas Division of the High Court ceased to exist, marking the end of the Court of Common Pleas.

The Hendrix vs Chalpin arguing looked as if it would are resolved in 1973 by method of a edict in the litigation of PPX Enterprises, Inc. v. Davis. Judicial proceedings were held within the judicature of Justice in London. In brief, the Hendrix Estate has acknowledged Enterprises' entitlement of thirty three percent of master recordings and also the preservation of rights to Increased royalty was ruled out in favor of the Estate. Enterprises abandoned all claims against the defendants and in agreement to surrender alternative master recordings then in its possession.

"'Failure' to consult on CPPP hike draws business backlash", 23 Jun 2016, SJTJ On 2 November 2016, the Gallant government issued a speech from the Throne, its second in a year, and said that its contentious amendment to the Judicature Act, which would give to the government the power of veto over certain personnel decisions that theretofore had lain with the Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench, was to be revived. It had been allowed to fall off the order paper when the legislature wrapped up without its passage.

The court originated from the old Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories which was replaced by the Supreme Court of Alberta in 1907 (shortly after Alberta became a province in 1905). The new Supreme Court of Alberta comprised a trial division and an appellate division (essentially, brother justices of the Supreme Court sitting en banc with a quorum of three). The second chief justice of Alberta, Horace Harvey, supported an independent appellate court designed only to hear appeals. The Judicature Act enacted these changes in 1919, and it was proclaimed in 1921.

Cousins, 1977) Ryan opposed the death penalty but later (People vs. Lewis, 1981) voted in favor of it. In a 1991 interview to the Chicago Tribune Ryan said that he came to have fewer doubts about capital punishment and accepted it as the law of the land. Ryan was a member of the LaSalle County, Illinois State and American Bar Associations, the American Judicature Society, Phi Alpha Delta law fraternity, the Odd Fellows and the Elks, the Tonica United Methodist Church as well as a 33rd degree Mason.

When the National Assembly historically completed its first full five-year term on 15 November 2007, the new elections were called by the Election Commission. After the assassination of Benazir Bhutto in 2007, the PPP secured the most votes in the elections of 2008, appointing party member Yousaf Raza Gillani as Prime Minister. Threatened with impeachment, President Musharraf resigned on 18 August 2008, and was succeeded by Asif Ali Zardari. Clashes with the judicature prompted Gillani's disqualification from the Parliament and as the Prime Minister in June 2012.

The Government of Ireland Act 1920 abolished the Supreme Court of Judicature created by the 1877 Act.Government of Ireland Act 1920 s.38 It split the High Court into separate courts for Northern and Southern Ireland; judges of the former court became judges in Southern Ireland unless they chose otherwise. The Court of Appeal was also split into separate courts with a new overarching High Court of Appeal for Ireland; the latter court sat a few times but was abolished in 1922 in consequence of the establishment of the Irish Free State.

Prior to his appointment to the superior court of judicature, he had been into private legal practice for about 26 years. While in private practice, his areas of expertise included: Land and Natural Resources Law, Human Rights and Criminal Justice. In the business circles, he had served on the board of a number of business corporations. He chaired the board of the Centre for Public Interest Law (CEPIL), an organisation whose interests are in public interest legal issues and the litigation of these issues for communities and associations.

Writing and speaking As a judge, apart from judicial opinions, Hornby has focused his writing on less formal genres. He is a frequent contributor to the Green Bag, an "entertaining journal of law" dedicated to good legal writing. Hornby's writing has also appeared in publications such as Judicature, The ALI Reporter, the Maine Bar Journal, The Federal Lawyer, The Journal of Appellate Practice and Process, In Camera, FCCA Journal, Judges' Journal, Litigation, and FJC Directions. While the federal judiciary was seeking salary restoration, Hornby also wrote and spoke on that topic.

In England motions for summary judgments were used only in cases of liquidated claims, there followed a steady enlargement of the scope of the remedy until it was used in actions to recover land or chattels and in all other actions at law, for liquidated or unliquidated claims, except for a few designated torts and breach of promise of marriage. English Rules Under the Judicature Act (The Annual Practice, 1937) O. 3, r. 6; Orders 14, 14A, and 15; see also O. 32, r. 6, authorizing an application for judgment at any time upon admissions.

Smith was the Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Judicature of New Hampshire from 1802 to 1809, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of New Hampshire from 1813 to 1816, his service on the later court terminating due to removal of the court by the legislature.See John H. Morrison, Life of the Honorable Jeremiah Smith, Little & Brown, 1845. He was the 6th Governor of New Hampshire from 1809 to 1810. He resumed private practice in New Hampshire from 1810 to 1813, and from 1816 to 1820, when he retired.

Bent was passed over for the position, and instead it was offered to his brother Jeffrey Bent. The establishment of this latter court, the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature (commonly referred to as the Supreme Court) lessened the workload of Bent as the Court of Civil Jurisdiction over which he presided was abolished as a result of the establishment of that Supreme Court. Bent was quite progressive for the time. He allowed ex-convict lawyers to appear before his court when such a course was not possible in England under English law.

Secondly, Bent came under the influence of his brother. Unfortunately, Bent's brother proved to be the opposite of Bent and was obstructive at every possible time. Whilst Bent had been initially progressive in allowing convict lawyers to appear in the Court of Civil Jurisdiction to assist litigants as agents, he sided with his brother that they should not be allowed to appear in the newly created Supreme Court of Civil Judicature to which his brother had been appointed. This raised Macquarie's ire as it impeded the ability of the new court to function.

Of these, the legislature is formally the High Court of Parliament; judges sit in the Supreme Court of Judicature. Only the executive government is no longer conducted in a royal court. Most historians date the emergence of a parliament with some degree of power to which the throne had to defer no later than the rule of Edward I. Like previous kings, Edward called leading nobles and church leaders to discuss government matters, especially finance and taxation. A meeting in 1295 became known as the Model Parliament because it set the pattern for later Parliaments.

Musharraf pushed for social liberalism under his enlightened moderation program and promoted economic liberalisation, while he also banned trade unions. Musharraf's presidency coincided with a rise of overall gross domestic product by around 50%; in the same period, domestic savings declined, and economic inequality rose at a rapid rate. Musharraf's government has also been accused of human rights abuses, and he survived a number of assassination attempts during his presidency. When Aziz departed as prime minister, and after approving the suspension of the judicature in 2007, Musharraf's position weakened dramatically.

It defined how the civil court system was to be structured. Three new Courts of Civil Judicature were to be established in New South Wales: the Governor's Court, the Lieutenant-Governor's Court and the Supreme Court. Jeffrey Hart Bent, the brother of the Judge Advocate, arrived in the colony as the first judge of the new Supreme Court. Courts need lawyers and Macquarie's efforts to allow emancipist attorneys to appear before the Supreme Court were blocked by Jeffrey Bent, who, with his brother, had allegiances with the military and exclusive settlers.

When he applied for readmission, he was rejected. Blaming Lord Esher for his woes, Yeatman accused him of participation with others in a "conspiracy to destroy his career", claiming "an additional 10,000 pounds for alleged slander from the bench".Taggart, Michael, "Alexander Chaffers and the Genesis of the Vexatious Actions Act 1896", The Cambridge Law Journal, Volume 63, Issue 03, November 2004, pp 656-684 He was unsuccessful. Yeatman pursued his vendetta against Esher in The Judicature Quarterly Review, only one issue of which ever appeared, published in January 1896 and entirely written by Yeatman.

De los Angeles is active in various legal groups. He served as President of the Philippine Association of Law Professors in 1986; President of the Philippine Association of Law Schools in 1987; President of the Philippine Bar Association in 1992; Chairman of the Legal Aid Committee of the Philippine Judicature Society; and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Legal Education of the ASEAN Law Association. He is a member of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP) and the American Bar Association (ABA). He is also a member of the Fraternal Order of Utopia.

They then sought and received the assistance and cooperation of Kojima Korekata,Kojima (1837-1908) is best remembered for his efforts to maintain the independence of judicature the judiciary after the Otsu Incident in 1891. their superior (and later Chief Justice of Japan's Supreme Court), and Doi Michio, president of the Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Thus Kansai Law School was the first law school in Osaka. The founders taught that the law belongs to all citizens and, that by means of the law, they can and should defend their own rights.

Burbank served for a decade on the Executive Committee of the American Judicature Society and chaired the Fellowship Selection Committee of the American Academy in Berlin, of which he is now a trustee. In November 2002, a federal court appointed Burbank special master of the National Football League, until 2011 when he became the league's system arbitrator, a role he has held ever since. In that role, he resolves certain categories of disputes between the NFL Players Association and the NFL Management Council under a consent decree and collective bargaining agreement.

As they drew near the fox, Jesse Pierson, another local resident, saw the foxthough he denied seeing Post and his partyand promptly killed it and carried it off for himself. Post filed a lawsuit against Pierson claiming that because he had already begun pursuing the fox, the property of the fox's pelt and carcass were rightfully his, not Pierson's. The local justice ruled in favor of Post. Pierson appealed the ruling to the New York Supreme Court of Judicature, who reversed the justice's decision and ruled in favor of Pierson.

On appeal after the trial, the issue put to the Supreme Court of Judicature of New York was whether one could obtain property rights to a wild animal (Ferae naturae), in this case the fox, by pursuit. The Supreme Court case was heard by Chief Justice James Kent, then one of the nation's preeminent jurists, and associate justices Daniel Tompkins (who would later become Vice President of the United States) and Henry Brockholst Livingston (who would go on to serve as a Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court).

Other positions in the legal community have included president of the local chapter of the American Judicature Society, member of the Council on Public Legal Education, chairperson of the Education Committee and member of the Appellate Judges Education Committee for the state supreme court, and the executive committee for the Council on Public Legal Education. Awards include being named as a distinguished alumni in 2000 at Willamette University, a woman of distinction by the Puget Sound Business Journal, and being awarded the Passing the Torch Award by the Washington Women Lawyers.

James McGarel-Hogg, 1st Baron Magheramorne The Hogg Baronetcy, of Upper Grosvenor Street in the County of London, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 20 July 1846 for the lawyer and Conservative politician James Hogg. He was Registrar of the Supreme Court of Judicature and Vice-Admiralty Court in Calcutta for many years and also represented Beverley and Honiton in the House of Commons. His son, the second Baronet, was Chairman of the Metropolitan Board of Works in London from 1870 to 1889.

In 1919, Mears was appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad, India. He despised Indian nationalism and during his time in Allahabad, he tried to persuade Jawaharlal Nehru to become education minister for the British government in India. In India, Mears acted as an intermediary between Irwin and key leaders in the Indian National Congress. He [Mears], was reported to have informed Irwin, of his discussion about India's request for Dominion status at one meeting with Motilal Nehru on 24 March 1929, at the residence of Tej Bahadur Sapru.

On 17 January 1931, William Graham died, leaving his will dated 3 May 1909. After probate on 31 March 1931, Mrs. Kate Emily Graham became absolute owner of these lands after probate was granted in the Testamentary and Intestate Jurisdiction of the High Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal. Kate Emily Graham died on 2 October 1931 and left her will dated 2 April 1931 where she directed the Official Trustee of Bengal to administer her estate and she also appointed the Official Trustee of Bengal as the executor of Kate's will.

The name of the office stemmed from the practice of keeping records in small paper bags. There were three Clerks of the Petty Bag (the senior, second and junior clerks) at any one time until the mid-19th century when the number was reduced to one. They were appointed by the Master of the Rolls until the early 17th century, after which the appointments were made by the Crown. The single remaining clerk was transferred to the Supreme Court of Judicature in 1875, and the post finally abolished in 1889.

Lokur was elevated to the Bench on 19 February 1999. He joined Delhi High Court as an Additional Judge. He was appointed as a Permanent Judge of that High Court on 5 July 1999. He also functioned as the Acting Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court from 13 February 2010 to 21 May 2010 before being transferred as the Chief Justice of Gauhati High Court from 24 June 2010 to 14 November 2011 and High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad from 15 November 2011 to 3 June 2012.

There was a right of appeal to the High Court of Admiralty in England.Justice Gummow, Federal Court of Australia, Empire Shipping Co Inc v Owners of the Ship “Shin Kobe Maru” - 104 ALR 489 at page 516 This was in contrast to the earliest civil courts in New South Wales, being the Court of Civil Jurisdiction, the Governors Court and the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature. Each of those courts either had no right of appeal, or instead, had a right of appeal to the Governor sitting as a Court of Appeal.

In her home state of Chiapas she completed her undergraduate studies and started studying law, and finished her graduate studies in the National Autonomous University of Mexico, where she obtained a Masters and Doctoral degree in Constitutional and Administrative Law. During her academic pursuits she obtained several other degrees, which consist of: judicial specialization in the Institute of Judicial Specialization of the Council of the Federal Judicature; the Diploma on International Commercial Arbitration taught at the Escuela Libre de Derecho and the course on American Law at Ibero University.

Court of Judicature and Revision (also known as Court of Judicial Review) was a central government agency in several imperial Chinese and Vietnamese dynasties. It was generally in charge of reviewing judicial proceedings at all administrative levels and singling out the cases for a retrial by court officials or the emperor himself. In China the office was created during the Northern Qi dynasty (550–577) and continued until the Qing dynasty (1636–1912). In Vietnam it was created by Lê Thánh Tông in 1466, and continued until the Nguyễn dynasty.

The structure and the power of the judiciary are independent of all other branches of government. The Supreme Court has broad powers of judicial review; it rules on the constitutionality of any legislative or executive action at the request of any aggrieved citizen. The hierarchy of courts derives largely from British juridical forms. The hierarchy, called the Superior Court of Judicature, is composed of the Supreme Court of Ghana, the Court of Appeal (Appellate Court), the High Court of Justice, regional tribunals, and such lower courts or tribunals as parliament may establish.

The High Court has a fairly well planned garden on the eastern as well as western sides. The High Court of Judicature at Nagpur continued to be housed in this building till the reorganisation of states in 1956. With effect from 1-11-1956, eight Marathi speaking districts of Vidarbha formed part of the greater bilingual State of Bombay which came into existence. Remaining fourteen Hindi speaking districts of the former State of Madhya Pradesh became part of the newly constituted State of Madhya Pradesh with the capital at Bhopal.

Four of García Mena's associates were also found guilty of the same charges, and received 19 to 33 years in prison. On 1 March 2008, State of Mexico judge Rafael Zamudio Arias reduced García Mena's sentence to 43 years and nine months for drug trafficking and illegal possession of military-exclusive firearms after his defense appealed the sentence. The Federal Judicature Council (CJF) said that the court had confirmed that he was a drug-trafficking leader in Guardados de Abajo and responsible for safeguarding marijuana loads through his associates.

Reform swiftly followed. Certain 1870s to 1899 Acts (the Judicature Acts) merged the courts of law and those of equity and enacted a halt to the position of vice-chancellor – which lasted from 1875 until 1971. From 1971 until October 2005,when relevant parts of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 took effect the revived high judicial office was called the Vice-Chancellorship (and the judge bore the title Vice- Chancellor). The holder nominally acted as the Lord Chancellor's deputy in the English legal system and as head of the Chancery Division.

There are currently three judges appointed to the court, including Chief Justice Charles Blackie, all of whom are judges in New Zealand. An agreement between the British and New Zealand governments was signed at Wellington on 11 October 2002 which provided for Pitcairn court cases to be heard in New Zealand. This was later reinforced by legislation passed in New Zealand and the Pitcairn Islands, being the Pitcairn Trials Act 2002 and the Judicature Amendment Ordinance respectively. Hearings of the court may also be held in the United Kingdom.

The Alberta Rules of Court are a regulation enacted pursuant to the Alberta Judicature Act, and form the civil practice and procedural rules governing court proceedings in the Canadian province of Alberta, specifically in the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench and Alberta Court of Appeal. The current Rules are identified as Alta. Reg. 124/2010, and came into force in November, 2010. The Alberta Law Reform Institute (ALRI), the province's law commission, was given a mandate in 2001 to review the Rules of Court and produce recommendations for a new set of Rules.

H. Bowyer, in Oxford DNB; H.G. Hanbury characterise him as a perfectionist, excessively conscientious and scrupulous, to the point where considerations of detail prevented him from completing much. In his legal career, his attempts to act conscientiously often had the appearance of indecisiveness and lack of conviction. Chambers was a contributor to Hyde's Notebooks during his term on the bench of the Supreme Court of Judicature. The notebooks are a valuable primary source of information for life in late 18th century Bengal and are the only remaining source for the proceedings of the Supreme Court.

Close (1869), which materially affected the legal status of trade unions and was regarded by unionists as a severe blow to their interests. Hannen became judge of the Court of Probate and Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes in 1872. By virtue of being the Probate Judge, he became President of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division by operation of the Judicature Acts when three courts became part of the new High Court of Justice. Here he showed himself a worthy successor to Cresswell Cresswell and Lord Penzance.

572 The court became a key part of the Westminster courts, along with the Exchequer of Pleas (qualified to hear cases involving revenue owed to the King) and the Court of King's Bench (authorised to hear cases involving the King), but with the Writ of Quominus and the Statute of Westminster, both tried to extend their jurisdiction into the realm of common pleas. As a result, the courts jockeyed for power. In 1828 Henry Brougham, a Member of Parliament, complained in Parliament that as long as there were three courts unevenness was inevitable, saying that "It is not in the power of the courts, even if all were monopolies and other restrictions done away, to distribute business equally, as long as suitors are left free to choose their own tribunal", and that there would always be a favourite court, which would therefore attract the best lawyers and judges and entrench its position.Brougham (1828) p.10 The outcome was the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, under which all the central courts were made part of a single Supreme Court of Judicature. Eventually the government created a High Court of Justice under Lord Coleridge by an Order in Council of 16 December 1880.

He served as the Standing Counsel for the Uttar Pradesh Awas Evam Vikas Parishad and Dr. B.R. Amedkar University, Agra. He was elevated to the Bench as an Additional Judge on 7 July 2006 and was later made a permanent Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad on 2 July 2008. As a lawyer he had written an article "Birth and History of the Allahabad High Court" which was widely published in the local news papers and Law Journals. One of his articles on "Code of Conduct of Lawyers" was twice published in a law magazine Laws published from New Delhi.

The Statute Law Revision and Civil Procedure Act 1883 (46 & 47 Vict c 49) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Section 209 of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 provided that if and so far as any enactment repealed by this Act applied, or might have been applied by Order in Council, to the Court of the County Palatine of Lancaster, or to any inferior court of civil jurisdiction, that enactment was to be construed as if it were contained in a local and personal Act specially relating to that court, and was to have effect accordingly.

He served as Judge in the Michigan Court of Appeals 1st District from 1965 to 1976, being elected unopposed 1972 and resigned in 1976. He was a Catholic, a member of the American Bar Association, American Judicature Society, Polish National Alliance, Knights of Columbus, and Delta Theta Phi. Lesinski was the 51st Lieutenant Governor of Michigan serving under Governors John Swainson and George W. Romney. Although George W. Romney was a Republican, Lesinski was a Democrat, and defeated Romney's running mate, former Lieutenant Governor Clarence A. Reid, since the Governor and Lieutenant Governor were at that time elected separately in Michigan.

She served as a member of the United States National Academies Committee on Science, Technology and Law, and was chair of the National Institute of Justice Committee on the Future of DNA Evidence. In 1997 she was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and in 1998 she was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society, two scholarly societies in the United States. She is a member of the Wisconsin Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2004 she was awarded the first annual Dwight Opperman Award for Judicial Excellence by the American Judicature Society.

In May 1747 Cornell was chosen as the first Chief Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court, which at that time went by the title of the "Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery." He was likely untrained in the common law. In the early days of the Rhode Island Supreme Court, the legislature was distrustful of an independent judiciary and non-lawyer farmers were appointed as justices as late as 1819 (although Cornell likely served as a judge prior to his appointment). His name is misspelled as "Cowell" in Warren's history of the Harvard Law School.

In January 1693, the new Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize and General Gaol [Jail] Delivery convened in Salem, Essex County, again headed by William Stoughton, as Chief Justice, with Anthony Checkley continuing as the Attorney General, and Jonathan Elatson as Clerk of the Court. The first five cases tried in January 1693 were of the five people who had been indicted but not tried in September: Sarah Buckley, Margaret Jacobs, Rebecca Jacobs, Mary Whittredge (or Witheridge) and Job Tookey. All were found not guilty. Grand juries were held for many of those remaining in jail.

In addition, Burke has taught at the University of Minnesota Law School since 1989 and at the University of St. Thomas Law School since 2003. From 1986 until 1990 he served on the faculty of the University of Minnesota's Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs Reflective Leadership Program. He has been a speaker in many states as well as Canada, Egypt, Mexico, China, India and Ireland regarding improvement in judicial administration and court leadership. He is a board member of the American Judicature Society and the Institute for the Reform of the American Legal System.

He matriculated at the London University in 1875 and passed the Intermediate Examination in Laws, obtaining first place of those candidates who achieved second class at honours in 1876. In the same year he won the Lee Essay Prize at the Gray's Inn with the subject "The Judicature Act 1873, stating its object and provisions generally and its probable effect on the administration of the law in England." He was called to the Bar in November 1876. Francis returned to Hong Kong and was admitted to practise at the Hong Kong Bar in March 1877, being the 27th on the Roll.

Justice Deepak Maheshwari taking oath Justice Deepak Maheshwari () is a former judge of the Hon'ble High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan. He was administered oath on 11 April 2016 by the then Chief Justice S.K. Mittal of the Rajasthan High Court. He worked at the Principal Bench of the High Court in Jodhpur as well as its Circuit Bench in Jaipur. Currently, he serves as the Chairperson of the Solid Waste Management Committee established by National Green Tribunal (NGT), New Delhi for Rajasthan and presides over domestic as well as international commercial arbitrations, mainly in Rajasthan.

Born on 29 December 1836, Henry Verey was educated at Bedford School, between 1847 and 1855, and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was an Exhibitioner and graduated in Mathematics in 1859. He was called to the Bar in 1865 as a member of Inner Temple. In 1876, when the office of Official Referee of the Supreme Court of Judicature was created, Verey was appointed by the Lord Chancellor, Lord Cairns. He held the office for 44 years, until 1920, described by the Lord Chancellor, Lord Birkenhead, as probably a record in the annals of judicial appointments.

In 1984, Stephens received the American Judicature Society's Herbert Harley Award, in part for his work in making continuing legal education mandatory for judges in Kentucky. The Kentucky Bar Association named him its Outstanding Judge of the Year in 1986. Just before the expiration of her term in December 1987, Governor Martha Layne Collins appointed Stephens to a seat on the University of Kentucky Board of Trustees. Before assuming the position, Stephens requested a non-binding opinion from the Ethics Committee of the Kentucky Judiciary on the legality of his simultaneously serving as a Supreme Court Justice and a university trustee.

In 1833, Thomas Pennant Barton married Coralie "Cora" Livingston (1806-1873), a member of the prestigious Livingston family. Cora was the daughter of U.S. Secretary of State Edward Livingston and Louise (née d'Avezac de Castera) Livingston (sister of Auguste Davezac). Her paternal grandparents were Judge Robert Livingston, a member of the New York Provincial Assembly and a Judge of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature, and Margaret (née Beekman) Livingston, heir to immense tracts of land in Dutchess and Ulster counties. He died, without issue, on April 5, 1869 at Montgomery Place, the Livingston family estate near Barrytown, New York.

To solidify his conquest, Mujāhid immediately set about building cities using the local Sards for slave labour (he may have had some buried alive in the walls of his new city).The source is the Liber, III, 87–99, for the burying alive, but it is the Annales pisani that call the construction a civitatem (city). Bruce 2006, 134; Heywood 1921, 22. The area he controlled, the plain between the central mountains and the sea, corresponded roughly to the Judicature of Cagliari (regnum Calaritanum in the Liber, III, 45), whose judge he had defeated and killed.

Richard Graves MacDonnell was named the first Chief Justice of the Gambia in 1843. Initially, in the colonial Gambia, the Chief Justice was, in fact, a Chief Magistrate, who presided over hearings of the Supreme Court of Judicature of the Gambia. The court held three sessions: the spring session during the first week of March, the summer session during the first week of July, and the autumn session during the third week of November. The court, at the time, had the same jurisdiction, authority and powers of the High Court of Justice did in England and Wales.

William Stoughton (1631 – July 7, 1701) was a colonial magistrate and administrator in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. He was in charge of what have come to be known as the Salem Witch Trials, first as the Chief Justice of the Special Court of Oyer and Terminer in 1692, and then as the Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Judicature in 1693. In these trials he controversially accepted spectral evidence (based on supposed demonic visions). Unlike some of the other magistrates, he never admitted to the possibility that his acceptance of such evidence was in error.

The Court of Chancery could mitigate the injustice of strict common law rules of property, if the Lord Chancellor deemed it equitable. The court systems were merged by the Judicature Acts of 1873–1875. Over the same period, behind the momentous shifts in land's social significance, legal developments in the law of property revolved around the split between the courts of common law and equity. The courts of common law (the Court of Common Pleas and the Court of the King's Bench) took a strict approach to the rules of title to land, and how many people could have legal interests in land.

Sir James O'Connor, KC PC (I) (1 April 1872 – 29 December 1931) was an Irish solicitor, barrister and judge. He was appointed Solicitor-General for Ireland in 1914, Attorney-General for Ireland in 1917, and a judge of the Supreme Court of Judicature of Ireland in 1918. After his enforced retirement in 1924, he practised at the English bar until 1929, when he returned to Ireland and was readmitted to practice as a solicitor, a controversial move necessitating a leading judgment on the standard of professional conduct to be expected of a former judge.Hogan 1988 p.

In 1856, to permit legally qualified members to exercise the House's appellate functions without allowing their heirs to swell the size of the House, Sir James Parke, a judge, was created a life peer. The House of Lords refused to admit him, so he had to take his seat as a hereditary peer. In 1873 William Ewart Gladstone's government passed the Judicature Act, which reorganised the court system and abolished the appellate jurisdiction of the House of Lords in respect of English appeals. In February 1874, before the Act came into force, Gladstone's Liberal Government fell.

The Judiciary of Sri Lanka are the civil and criminal courts responsible for the administration of justice in Sri Lanka. The Constitution of Sri Lanka defines courts as independent institutions within the traditional framework of checks and balances. They apply Sri Lankan Law which is an amalgam of English common law, Roman-Dutch civil law and Customary Law; and are established under the Judicature Act No 02 of 1978 of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. The judiciary consist of the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, the High Court, district court (Sri Lanka)s, magistrate's court (Sri Lanka)s, and primary courts.

Sections 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 were repealed by section 2 of, and Part II of the Schedule to, the Civil Procedure Acts Repeal Act 1879. This repeal did not operate in respect of any court other than the Supreme Court of Judicature in England.The Civil Procedure Acts Repeal Act 1879, section 4(2) Sections 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 were repealed by section 4 of the Statute Law Revision and Civil Procedure Act 1883. But see section 7 of that Act as to the Lancaster Palatine Court and the inferior civil courts (now abolished).

Byrne and Powell prepared three acts for the implementation of social credit: the Credit of Alberta Regulation Act, the Bank Employees Civil Rights Act, and the Judicature Act Amendment Act. The first required all bankers to obtain a license from the Social Credit Commission and created a directorate for the control of each bank, most members of which would be appointed by the Social Credit Board. The second prevented unlicensed banks and their employees from initiating civil actions. The third prevented any person from challenging the constitutionality of Alberta's laws in court without receiving the approval of the Lieutenant- Governor in Council.

After Hyde's death the notebooks passed to Chief Justice Sir Robert Chambers who continued writing them till his retirement in 1798. Chambers intended to have the notebooks published but died in 1803 before doing so. The notebooks then passed to Chambers' wife Frances Wilton Chambers, who gave them to Sir Charles Harcourt Chambers, the nephew of Robert Chambers and puisne judge at the Bombay Supreme Court. When Charles Harcourt Chambers died in 1828, the notebooks returned to Frances Wilton Chambers who gave them to Sir William Russell, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in 1832.

The Court of Appeal is the highest appellate court in Jamaica; it is superior to the Supreme Court.The Judicature (Appellate Jurisdiction) Act, article 10 The Court is composed of a President and six other Judges. The Chief Justice is also a judge ex officio of the Court of Appeal, but participates only when asked to do so by the President. Although the Court of Appeal is the highest court in Jamaica, its judgements may themselves be appealed to the Queen-in- Council, in which case they are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London.

Adams service to society includes both legal and community capacities. Adams was a member of the Board of the Pennsylvania, and had previously served as a member of the board and Chairman of the Einstein Healthcare Network, trustee for the William Penn Foundation, the National Constitution Center, and Bryn Mawr College and President of the congregation for Reform Congregation Keneseth Israel. He was a former chancellor of the Philadelphia Bar Association and past president of both the American Judicature Society and American Philosophical Society. He also was the former chair of the U.S. Supreme Court Judicial Fellows Commission.

The site was historically occupied by the residence of the Uesugi clan of the Yonezawa Domain during the Edo period. The building was constructed in 1895 from a design by the German expatriate architects Hermann Ende and Wilhelm Böckmann. Together with the Supreme Court of Judicature building, it was considered a representative work of Meiji era modern public architecture in Japan. The building was largely unaffected by the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 due to its steel-reinforced construction, but was gutted during the firebombing of Tokyo in 1945, with only the exterior walls and floors remaining intact.

A History of English Law, eventually comprising 17 volumes, published between 1903 and 1966, was Holdsworth's greatest literary academic achievement. The work begins with Anglo-Saxon times, and it is an account of legal procedure and court organisation down to the Judicature Acts of 1875 and of the important phases of substantive law through the 18th century. Holdsworth's history has been criticised as involving lapses from fully modern scholarly standards, and is consequently treated with some caution by some current legal historians.Cosgrove, Richard A., "The Culture of Academic Legal History: Lawyers' History and Historians' Law 1870-1930", 33 Cambrian L. Rev.

Hollzer was a Scottish Rite Mason, Shriner, and an Elk. During his life, he had served as trustee, University Religious Conference; president, Los Angeles Jewish Community Council; president, Wilshire Boulevard Temple; president, Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds, Western States Region;"Judge Harry Hollzer, Los Angeles," Western States Jewish History, January 1992, 163 director, American Judicature Society; secretary, judicial section, American Bar Association;George F.M. Nellist (ed.) Pan-Pacific Who's Who 1940-1941 (Honolulu: Honolulu Star- Bulletin, Ltd., c. 1941), 319 member, advisory board, Selective Draft Board, Los Angeles, 1917–1918; member, executive board, U.S.O.

The Common Law Procedure Act 1852 abolished the common law forms of action in England and Wales. Furthermore, assumpsit as a form of action became obsolete in the United Kingdom after the passing of the Judicature Acts of 1873 and 1875. In the United States, assumpsit, like the other forms of action, became obsolete in the federal courts after the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938. Thirty-five states have moved to rules similar to the FRCP (see Civil procedure in the United States), which have replaced the various forms of action with the civil action.

The Commissioners for Oaths (Ireland) Act 1872 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The short title for this Act was assigned by section 1 of, and the first schedule to the Short Titles Act 1896 (59 & 60 Vict. c. 14). The Act was repealed for the United Kingdom by section 122 of, and the seventh schedule to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 (1978 c. 23). The Act was retained for the Republic of Ireland by section 2 of, and the first schedule to the Statute Law Revision Act 2007 (Number 28 of 2007).

The American Bar Association joined with the American Judicature Society and the Institute of Judicial Administration to organize the Joint Committee for the Effective Administration of Justice in 1961. Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark served as chair of the committee. In 1961, Justice Clark held hearings across the U.S. to discuss improvements that could be made in the delivery of legal services and conduct of judicial matters. In 1963, Justice Clark and his Committee presented a final report, which included several recommendations including one stating the need to create an entity to provide judicial education.

In May 2018, the Sri Lanka parliament approved a special high court that would expedite the hearing and trial of bribery and corruption related cases. The concept for the High Court Trial-at-Bar was instituted with the passage of amendments to the Judicature Act, the purpose of expediting cases from the Rajapaksa Government era. The Sunday Times of 15 July 2018 stated that "the former Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation chairman Gamini Senarath and its Managing Director Piyadasa Kudabalage will be the first to be indicted before the newly set up court." Senarath was the chief of staff of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa.

Façade of the Supreme Court buildingThe modern Supreme Court was first convened in May 1947 in the former Privy Council quarters of the Tokyo Imperial Palace. It moved to the Tokyo District Court building in September of that year. It was intended to occupy the building of the Supreme Court of Judicature, the previous highest court during the Imperial Japan era, but the building was largely destroyed in the war and had to be rebuilt. In October 1949, this reconstruction was completed and the Supreme Court of Japan would use the building for twenty-five years.

In 1888, the constitution of the Council of the Society was changed by supplemental charter, which provided that the Northern Law Society and Southern Law Association would each be entitled to appoint members to the Council. This was further changed in 1960, when provision was made for the appointment to the Council of three members of the Dublin Solicitors’ Bar Association Council.Law Society of Ireland – 1852-2002: Portrait of a Profession’, by Dr Eamonn G Hall and Daíre Hogan, (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2002)(p43-56) The professions of attorney and solicitor were fused under the Supreme Court of Judicature (Ireland) Act, 1877.

William Sorell took over from Thomas Davey on 9 April 1817 with the colony in disarray. He reported that the island was in a 'long disordered state from a Banditti which has subsisted for years'. Punishment for serious offences were difficult due to the vast distances the convict and settler would have to cover in order to get to the court of criminal judicature in Hobart. The police force was also inept, due to it being made up of convicts as the rate of pay it provided was too low for the service of respectable people.

In parallel with his position as a judge of the Welsh judicature, Warren was a Member of Parliament, for . An English judge could not sit in the House of Commons; but the situation for a Welsh judge was otherwise. This and other differences in the judicatures were under debate in parliament from the time he took up his post as Chief Justice of Chester, Warren defending the status quo. The political patron at Dorchester who brought Warren in as a candidate in 1819 was Cropley Ashley-Cooper, 6th Earl of Shaftesbury, known as a supporter of the Tory administration of Lord Liverpool.

Lord Selborne, the Lord Chancellor who oversaw the passage of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, merging the Common Pleas, Exchequer, King's Bench and Court of Chancery into one body, the High Court of Justice. The unintended outcome of these compromises was that by the end of Charles II's reign, all three common law courts had a similar jurisdiction over most common pleas, with similar processes. By the 18th century, it was customary to speak of the "twelve justices" of the three courts, not distinguishing them, and assize cases were shared equally between them.Baker (2002) p.

Polden (2002) p.576 After Hatherly was replaced by Lord Selborne in September 1872, a second bill was introduced after consultation with the judiciary; although along the same lines, it was far more detailed.Polden (2002) p.577 The Act, finally passed as the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, merged the Common Pleas, Exchequer, King's Bench and Court of Chancery into one body, the High Court of Justice, with the divisions between the courts to remain.Manchester (1980) p.148 The King's Bench thus ceased to exist, holding its last session on 6 July 1875,Washburn (1876) p.

Sir Edward Grimwood Mears (21 January 1869 - 20 May 1963) is best known for his role as secretary of the Dardanelles Commission, for which he received a knighthood, and his later role as a British Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad, India. In 1895, he was called to the bar at the Inner Temple. He later gave up his practice at the bar to at first work on the Committee on Alleged German Outrages, which looked at the 1914-15 German atrocities in Belgium and then the Royal Commission on the Easter Rising in Ireland.

In 1885 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Esher, of Esher in the County of Surrey. He opposed the bill proposing that an accused person or his wife might give evidence in their own case and supported the bill that empowered Lords of Appeal to sit and vote after their retirement. The Solicitors Act 1888, which increased the powers of the Incorporated Law Society, owed much to his influence. In 1880, he delivered a speech in the House of Lords, deprecating the delay and expense of trials, which he regarded as having been increased by the Judicature Act 1873.

The Education of a Courtroom Lawyer, Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2009 (p. 138) Jenner represented convicted labor racketeer Allen Dorfman. In the course of his career, Jenner also served as: a director of General Dynamics; as a permanent member of the editorial board of the Uniform Commercial Code; and as the chairman of the Committee on the Federal Judiciary of the American Bar Association. He also served on the Board of Governors of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund; as the president of the American Judicature Society; and as president of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws.

He became a judge of the Central Criminal Court, and of the Mayor's Court. He held a commission in the Volunteer Force, eventually reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel, commanding the 3rd Volunteer Battalion, Royal Fusiliers. Charley was the author of a number of books on law, religion and the constitution in which he defended the status quo. These included The Real Property Acts (1874), The Judicature Acts (1875), The Crusade Against the Constitution: An Historical Vindication of the House of Lords (1895), Mending and Ending the House of Lords (1900) and The Holy City, Athens and Egypt (1902).

Green is a member of the American Bar Association, the American Judicature Society, the Federal Bar Association, the National Association of Women Judges, and the Women's Bar Association of the District of Columbia. She served as the President of the Women's Bar Association of the District of Columbia from 1962-1963. She served as the chair of the National Conference of Trial Judges from 1997–1998. She has served as an instructor at the Militia Academy in Minsk, Republic of Belarus for the U.S. Information Agency and serves on the board of advisors for the George Washington University Law School.

By profession, De Swaen was a surgeon; he also formed part of the judicature. But he was also a member of the Dunkirk chamber of rhetoric, the Carsouwe, also known as Sint Michiel (Saint Michael was their patron saint); the chamber of the Kassouwieren (different ways of spelling for instance De Kersauwe are found; the word descends from the Dutch kersouw or daisy). Anne-Laure van Bruaene, "Repertorium van rederijkerskamers in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden en Luik 1400-1650", dbnl.org Michiel de Swaen, as a rhetorician, was befriended by rhetoricians from the region coming from cities such as Diksmuide and Ieper.

Saidapet is a neighbourhood in Chennai (Madras), India situated in the Northern Banks of the Adyar River and serves as an entry point to Central Chennai. It is surrounded by West Mambalam in the North, C.I.T Nagar in the North-East, Nandanam in the East, Guindy in the South, Jafferkhanpet and Ashok Nagar in the North-West. The Saidapet Court, the only other court of judicature in Chennai city apart from the Madras High Court, and the Saidapet bus depot are located here. Prior to its incorporation in Madras city, Saidapet functioned as the administrative headquarters of Chingleput district.

In 1867, with Mr. Justice Blackburn and Sir John Coleridge, he was made a member of the judicature commission. In 1871 he was one of the three judges who refused the seat on the judicial committee of the Privy Council to which Sir Robert Collier, in evasion of the spirit of the act creating the appointment, was appointed; and in 1876 he was raised to the court of appeal, where he sat until the autumn of 1881. As a judge he was a great favourite of the Bar, due to his kindness and good humour, as well as his efficient dispatch of business.

The Serjeants' exclusive jurisdictions were ended during the 19th century and, with the Judicature Act 1873 coming into force in 1875, it was felt that there was no need to have such figures, and no more were created. The last appointed was Nathaniel Lindley, later a Law Lord, who retired in 1905 and died in 1921. The number of Irish Serjeants-at-law was limited to three (originally one, later two). The last appointment was A. M. Sullivan in 1912; after his 1921 relocation to the English bar he remained "Serjeant Sullivan" as a courtesy title.

The Court of Pleas of the County Palatine of Durham and Sadberge,2 & 3 Vict c 16, preamble. Archbold, Summary of the Laws of England, 1848, vol 1, p 184. sometimes called the Court of Pleas or Common Pleas of or at Durham was a court of common pleas that exercised jurisdiction within the County Palatine of Durham (including the wapentake of Sadberge) until its jurisdiction was transferred to the High Court by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. Before the transfer of its jurisdiction, this tribunal was next in importance to the Chancery of Durham.

Prior to 2008 reforms that were formally implemented in 2009, the senior appellate body in Prince Edward Island was the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island (Appeal Division).Act to overhaul higher courts in P.E.I. comes into effect , The Guardian, 17 January 2009. With the passage of the Judicature Act, the Supreme Court was stripped of its appellate functions, now assigned to the Court of Appeal, while the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island remained as a single- division superior court. All members of the former Appeal Division became the justices of the Court of Appeal.

The Colombian judicial system is made of a Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Justice, Council of State, the Higher Judiciary Council, and superior and municipal courts. It does not have a single supreme entity to oversee the lower courts, instead it has four high courts, which are the supreme tribunals of decision in their respective fields. The four high courts are the Constitutional Court (head of the constitutional jurisdiction), the Supreme Court (head of the ordinary jurisdiction), the Council of State (head of the administrative jurisdiction), and the Superior Council of Judicature (head of the disciplinary jurisdiction).

As prime minister from 1868 to 1874, Gladstone headed a Liberal Party which was a coalition of Peelites like himself, Whigs and Radicals. He was now a spokesman for "peace, economy and reform". One major achievement was the Elementary Education Act of 1870, which provided England with an adequate system of elementary schools for the first time. He also secured the abolition of the purchase of commissions in the army and of religious tests for admission to Oxford and Cambridge; the introduction of the secret ballot in elections; the legalization of trade unions; and the reorganization of the judiciary in the Judicature Act.

The two Claimants - Carson and Reynolds - had separate Administrative Court hearings in 2002 but their Appeal hearing in 2003 to the Supreme Court of Judicature Court of Appeal (Civil Division) and to the House of Lords in 2005 were consolidated since the UK courts decided that the points of law raised in the Administrative courts were similar. The Carson Case was pursued as a class action in the ECHR in 2008, where she was joined by 12 other Applicants who, because they were resident in Australia and Canada, were in a similar position to her. Reynolds was not involved in this class action.

The Prince Bishops had their own court system, including most notably the Court of Chancery of the County Palatine of Durham and Sadberge. The county also had its own attorney general, whose authority to bring an indictment for criminal matters was tested by central government in the case of R v Mary Ann Cotton (1873).Whiehead, Alan Mary Ann Cotton: Dead but not forgotten (Durham Records Office: 2004) Compare: Certain courts and judicial posts for the county were abolished by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. Section 2 of the Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836 and section 41 of the Courts Act 1971 abolished others.

Following the High Court's decision, the Attorney-General, in his capacity as the Public Prosecutor, applied pursuant to section 60 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act. for a criminal reference for two questions of law to be considered by the Court of Appeal. The questions were: #whether section 37(1) of the PCA was ultra vires the powers of the legislature on the ground that the legislature had, under section 6(3) of the RSIA, been divested of the power to legislate extraterritorially; and #whether section 37(1) of the PCA was discriminatory against Singapore citizens and hence inconsistent with Article 12(1) of the Constitution.

Gladstone blamed the Act for the Conservative victory in the 1874 general election, writing: "We have been borne down in a torrent of gin and beer".Ensor, England, 1870–1914 p. 21. The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 remodelled the English court system (establishing the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal) and attempted to abolish the House of Lords as a judicial body for England, but this was not implemented due to the Conservative victory of 1874. As Gladstone's Secretary of State for War, Edward Cardwell enacted far-reaching reforms of the British Army in what would become known as the Cardwell Reforms.

Sheldon Goldman (born September 18, 1939) is a professor of political science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the author of Picking Federal Judges (1997, 1999) and The Federal Courts as a Political System, (3rd ed., 1985). He also has written other works and numerous articles in professional journals including American Political Science Review, Journal of Politics, and Judicature and chapters in books. He is chair of the Law and Courts Section of the American Political Science Association, 2000–2001; and a member of the Editorial Board, Law & Politics Book Review, 1994–1997; American Political Science Review, 1981–1985, and American Journal of Political Science, 1979–1982.

One other man, Giles Corey, was pressed to death for refusing to plead, and at least five people died in jail. Arrests were made in numerous towns beyond Salem and Salem Village (known today as Danvers), notably Andover and Topsfield. The grand juries and trials for this capital crime were conducted by a Court of Oyer and Terminer in 1692 and by a Superior Court of Judicature in 1693, both held in Salem Town, where the hangings also took place. It was the deadliest witch hunt in the history of colonial North America. Only fourteen other women and two men had been executed in Massachusetts and Connecticut during the 17th century.

A prison camp for Red prisoners in left The White Army and German troops captured around 80,000 Red prisoners, including 5,000 women, 1,500 children and 8,000 Russians. The largest prison camps were Suomenlinna (an island facing Helsinki), Hämeenlinna, Lahti, Riihimäki, Tammisaari, Tampere and Vyborg. The Senate decided to keep the POWs detained until each individual's role in the Civil War had been investigated. Legislation making provision for a Treason Court (; ) was enacted on 29 May 1918. The judicature of the 145 inferior courts led by the Supreme Treason Court (; ) did not meet the standards of impartiality, due to the condemnatory atmosphere of White Finland.

In 1867, he was sworn a member of the Privy Council and took his place as a member of the Judicial Committee. As a member of the Judicial Committee, one of his notable decisions was in the Guibord case, concerning church–state relations in Canada. In 1875, in accordance with the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874, he resigned, and was succeeded by Lord Penzance. When the Judicature Act came into force the powers of the admiralty court were transferred to the High Court of Justice, and Sir Robert Phillimore was therefore the last judge of the historic court of the Lord High Admiral of England.

Called to the Irish Bar in 1844, he became Queen's Counsel in 1865; he was appointed Law Adviser to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1874, and Attorney-General for Ireland in 1875. In 1877 he became Lord Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench for Ireland and on the passing of the Judicature Act became Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench Division of the Irish High Court. He retired in 1887 and died in 1892. According to F. Elrington Ball's work on the pre-1921 Irish judiciary, while May was a considerable scholar, he was not well regarded as a barrister and his appointment was greeted with some protest.

The Second Deemster was removed from the Council in 1965Isle of Man Constitution (Amendment) Act 1965 and the First Deemster in 1975.Isle of Man Constitution (Amendment) Act 1975 There are currently (2017) three full-time Deemsters. These are the First Deemster and Clerk of the Rolls (who is also the Deputy Governor), the Second Deemster, and an additional full-time Deemster. The offices of First Deemster, Second Deemster and Clerk of the Rolls are ancient offices. The offices of First Deemster and Clerk of the Rolls were combined in 1918,Judicature (Amendment) Act 1918; see now High Court Act 1991 s.3A(6).

The Judicature Acts first combined the Court of Probate, the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes and the High Court of Admiralty into the then Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court, or The Court of Wills, Wives & Wrecks, as it was informally called. That was renamed the Family Division in 1971 when the admiralty and contentious probate business were transferred elsewhere. The Family Division has faced criticism by allowing allegedly abusive partners to cross-examine their former partners; a procedure already banned in criminal procedure. Peter Kyle, MP for Hove, claimed this amounted to "abuse and brutalisation", and called for the system to be changed.

The High Court of Tanzania is established under article 108(1) of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania. It is the predecessor to the High Court of Tanganyika and later Tanzania, which was established under article 17 (1) of the Tanganyika order in council, 1920. The High Court is described as a superior court having full jurisdiction by virtue of section 2 (1) of the Judicature and Application of Laws Act, chapter 358 RE:2002. It has now developed forming a different structure to the former, where it has the ordinary court, and the two special divisions that is Commercial Division and Labour Division.

In Victorian Stevedoring & General Contracting Co Pty Ltd & Meakes v Dignan the High Court of Australia held that a strict division between these two levels was not practical and re-affirmed the Constitution to outline this (German, 2012). The first three chapters of the Australian Constitution are headed respectively "The Parliament", "The Executive Government", and "The Judicature". Each of these chapters begins with a section by which the relevant "power of the Commonwealth" is "vested" in the appropriate persons or bodies. The historical context in which the Constitution was drafted suggests that these arrangements were intended to be connected with federal ideas along American lines.

Judge Katzmann also directed a project on the legal profession and public service at The Brookings Institution, which considered the law firm and the public good. Katzmann has been a board director of the American Judicature Society, a public member of the Administrative Conference of the United States, and a vice-chair of the Committee on Government Organization and Separation of Powers of the ABA Section on Administrative Law and Regulatory Practice. He has also been a consultant to the Federal Courts Study Committee. He served as co-chair of the FTC transition team, and as special counsel to Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan on the confirmation of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

On acquiring a postgraduate diploma in legal practice, in 1986, Bitangaro was admitted to the Ugandan Bar as an advocate of the Uganda Courts of Judicature. He then practiced law with Nicholas Lwanga and Company Advocates up to 1994. He then joined Nsubuga Mubiru and Bitangaro Advocates, whee he became a partner. In 1997, Bitangaro founded Bitangaro & Company Advocates where he still works to- date as a senior partner. In 2001, during the non-party “Movement” system of government, Bitangaro joined elective politics and won his maiden election that ushered him into the 7th Parliament of Uganda as a representative for the constituents of Bufumbira County South.

Raghunandana's Dayabhaga-tika, also known as Dayabhaga-vyakhya[na], is a commentary on Jimutavahana's Hindu law treatise Dayabhaga. During the British Raj, when Hindu law was used in the courts, the Calcutta High Court termed Raghunandana's Dayabhaga-tika as the best commentary on Dayabhaga. William Jones, a puisne judge at the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, mentioned that the local Hindu scholars often referred to Jimutavahana's treatise, but it was Raghunandana's work that was "more generally approved" in Bengal. The commentary quotes several other scholars and writings, including Medhatithi, Kulluka Bhatta, Mitakshara, Vivada-Ratnakara of Chandeshvara Thakura, Shulapani and Vivada-Chintamani of Vachaspati Mishra (often critically).

Therefore, Fry LJ concluded that due to the abolition of local venues by the Act, there was nothing to prevent the court from taking jurisdiction. But this argument was rejected by Lord Hershell LC in the House of Lords. Lord Hershell LC said: "The grounds upon which the courts have refused to exercise jurisdiction in actions of trespass to land situate abroad were substantial and not technical, and that the rules of procedure under the Judicature Acts have not conferred a jurisdiction which did not exist before". Even though the courts have many opportunities to overturn the rule, they have refused to do so.

The Court of Common Pleas of the County Palatine of Lancaster,4 & 5 Will 4 c 62, long title. Evans & Hammond & Granger, A Collection of Statutes Connected with the General Administration, 3rd Ed, 1836, vol 9, p 528. sometimes called the Common Pleas of or at Lancaster was a court of common pleas that exercised jurisdiction within the County Palatine of Lancaster until its jurisdiction was transferred to the High Court by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. It was a Superior Court of Record, exercising, within the limits of the County Palatine, a jurisdiction similar to that of the superior courts of common law at Westminster.

199, para. 15. A possible argument, which had not yet been posed to the Court, was that Article 93 of the Constitution, which vests the judicial power of Singapore in the Supreme Court, conferred on the Court of Appeal the power to reopen concluded appeals. Although judicial power is only exercisable when the court has jurisdiction in a matter, "where the SCJA [Supreme Court of Judicature Act] does not expressly state when its jurisdiction in a criminal appeal ends, there is no reason for this court to circumscribe its own jurisdiction to render itself incapable of correcting a miscarriage of justice at any time".Yong Vui Kong, p.

Paul Dudley FRS (September 3, 1675 - January 25, 1751), Attorney-General of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, was the son of colonial governor Joseph Dudley and grandson of one of the colony's founders, Thomas Dudley. Dudley was born in Roxbury, Massachusetts in 1675. After graduating from the Roxbury Latin School and then, at the age of 15, from Harvard in 1690, he studied law at the Temple in London, and became Attorney General of Massachusetts from 1702 to 1718. He was associate justice of the province's highest court, the Superior Court of Judicature, from 1718 to 1745, and chief justice from 1745 until his death in January 1751.

The 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State prescribed a new court system for the new State but allowed the existing system, based on the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877, to persist as a transitional measure. In 1923, Charles Andrew O'Connor as Master of the Rolls participated in the Judiciary Committee established by the Free State Executive Council which planned the Courts of Justice Act 1924. In this capacity he caused controversy by refusing to admit an affidavit written in Irish because he did not know the language. When the 1924 Act was passed, O'Connor became a judge of the new Supreme Court.

On September 25–26, 1786, the Superior Court of Judicature of Rhode Island (Rhode Island Supreme Court) heard the case in Newport, Rhode Island with a decision by David Howell. In May 1786, the Rhode Island General Assembly passed legislation allowing paper money as legal tender, and in June 1786 the Court created penalties for anyone refusing to accept such currency. In August 1786, the Assembly passed further legislation providing that trial of offenders should take place "without any jury," by a majority of the judges and no appeal was allowed. Both common law and the Constitution of Rhode Island guaranteed a jury trial in contrast to the legislation.

The Royalist Hartlebury garrison also gained a bad reputation for sequestrating local supplies and thereby depleting the neighbouring area through the war. Bands of Clubmen formed in west Worcestershire in the later part of the first war, with the objective of keeping both armies and their demands away from the rural civilian population, to resist despoilation and requisitioning. There was also a vein of resentment towards the prominent role given many Catholics in the county. The Clubmen's Woodbury Hill proclamation stated that they would not obey any Papist or Papist Recusant, "nor ought [they] … be trusted in any office of state, justice, or judicature".

The Green Bag has published "Beatitudes and Jeremiads" as well as several chapters of Hornby's "Fables in Law: Legal Lessons from Field, Forest, and Glen," Aesopian legal fables for lawyers, judges, and law professors. Judicature has published three "imagined conversations" among fictitious former law school classmates now well along in their careers, on the topics of judicial opinion writing, the decline in federal civil trials, and public attention to federal judges. Hornby uses his characters, including the federal trial lawyer Talagud Storey and the general counsel Manny G. Risk, to canvas the major issues surrounding these topics. Hornby has also written about criminal sentencing and summary judgment.

Edward St. Loe Livermore (April 5, 1762 – September 15, 1832), son of Samuel Livermore and brother of Arthur Livermore, was a United States Representative from Massachusetts. He was born in Portsmouth in the Province of New Hampshire on April 5, 1762. Livermore pursued classical studies, studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Concord, New Hampshire and later practised in Portsmouth. Livermore served as United States district attorney 1794-1797. Livermore also served as State Solicitor for Rockingham County 1791-1793, Associate Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature 1797-1799, and a naval officer for the port of Portsmouth 1799-1802.

In 1823, Governor Joseph Yates appointed Nelson as a justice of the new Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals, beginning Nelson's judicial career. He became noted for his work in admiralty and maritime law, and his decisions were rarely appealed.Important Figures: "Samuel Nelson", New York Legal History, 1777–1846, HISTORICAL SOCIETY of the NEW YORK COURTS After eight years as a circuit court judge, Nelson was appointed in 1831 to the New York Supreme Court (then called the New York Supreme Court of Judicature) by Governor Enos Throop. (In New York State the Supreme Court, then and now, is a trial court of "supreme" jurisdiction.

The Council of Assiniboia's first evolution happened in 1835, a year after the Hudson's Bay Company was officially granted ownership of the District of Assiniboia from the Selkirk estate. The Red River Settlement was divided into four separate districts, with a respective magistrate being delegated to each sector, as per Assiniboia's first judicature. It was created in likeness of Canada's Charter, giving the Governor and the council the ability to judge cases through a court of law. Quarterly petty courts began to be held, where each magistrate - with the presence of two constables - could judge petty offence cases including those about debts of less than 40 shillings.

The chief justice of Pakistan (initials as CJP) is the head of the court system of Pakistan (the judicature branch of government) and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. The officeholder is the senior most of 17 senior justices of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. From 1947 until 1960, the chief justice and senior justices were known under the title Federal Judge. The chief justice is the chief administrative officer of the country's court system and the highest judicial officer, ranking immediately above the chief justice of the Federal Shariat Court, and is responsible for supervising federal judicial policies, and conducting judicial business in the Supreme Court.

She was also appointed Minister of Natural Resources and Environment. Mata'afa and Fuivaili’ili Egon Keil, Commissioner of Police, represented Samoa on August 16, 2019, at the acceptance ceremony in Henderson, Western Australia, for the Nafanua II. Present at the handover ceremony, representing Australia, were Linda Reynolds and Melissa Price, Australian Minister for Defence and Minister for Defence Industry. On 10 September 2020 Mata'afa was publicly rebuked by Prime Minister Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi after announcing that she would follow the wishes of her constituency and vote against the controversial Constitution Amendment Bill, Land and Titles Bill, and Judicature Bill. On 11 September 2020 she resigned from Cabinet.

Hawkins was raised to the bench in 1876, and was assigned to the then exchequer division of the High Court of Justice, not as baron (an appellation which was being abolished by the Judicature Act), but with the title of Sir Henry Hawkins. His knowledge of the criminal law was extensive and intimate and he got a reputation as a hanging judge. Hawkins would be the judge at a large number of the most famous English criminal trials of his day. His first major case was the 1877 trial of Louis Staunton, his brother Patrick, and two others for the murder of Louis' wife Harriet and her baby by starvation.

Liu Zhenghui () was a minister and general during the early Tang Dynasty. A descendant of Liu Qubei, a Xiongnu prince during the Han Dynasty, Liu Zhenghui was born in Huazhou and served as a vice officer (Sima) in the Yingyang Fu (regional military office) of Taiyuan during the Sui Dynasty.Old Book of Tang: 隋大业中为太原鹰扬府司马。 His grandfather Liu Huanjuan was a chancellor during the Northern Qi dynasty.Old Book of Tang: 祖环隽，北齐中书侍郎。 His father Liu Tan was the chief official of the Court of Judicature and Revision during the Sui Dynasty.

In 1816 Field accepted a commission as judge of the Supreme Court of Civil Judicature of NSW, and arrived in Sydney on 24 February 1817. Governor Macquarie, writing to Under-secretary Goulburn in April thanked him "for making me acquainted with Mr Field's character. He appears to be everything that you say of him and I am very much prejudiced in his favour already from his mild modest and conciliating manners, and I am persuaded he will prove a great acquisition and blessing to this colony". Field was soon at work framing the necessary "Rules of Practice and Regulations for conducting the Proceedings of the Court".

From 1776 to 1876, the then four- member court was known as the "Superior Court of Judicature," until the name was changed by an act of the New Hampshire General Court. In 1901, the number of justices was increased from four to five. Two Supreme Court justices have been the only two state officials to be impeached in New Hampshire: Justice Langdon resigned prior to his trial in 1790, and Chief Justice David Brock was acquitted by the New Hampshire Senate in 2000. Retired Associate Justice David Souter of the Supreme Court of the United States served on the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1983 to 1990.

Tooke notes that the writers Francis Gregor and George Hicks said Fortescue Aland had "sat in the supreme courts of judicature with applause, and to general satisfaction; that he deservedly had the name of one perfectly read in the northern and saxon literature".Tooke, p. 182. Following Fortescue Aland's resignation as a judge in 1746 at the age of 76, having served in that capacity for some 30 years, he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Fortescue of Credan in the County of Waterford under the Privy Seal at Kensington on 17 June 1746, and by patent at Dublin on 15 August the same year.Tooke, p. 181.

Thereafter transferred to Andhra Pradesh High Court as the Chief Justice 7 January 2008. While holding the post of Chief Justice of High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad, he served as the Patron and Chairman of the Advisory Council of International Centre for Alternative Dispute Resolution (ICADR), Regional Centre, Hyderabad and Chancellor of NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad. On 11 February 2010 he was transferred to Bombay High Court and from there he was elevated as Judge to Supreme Court of India on 30 April 2010. Judge Profile - Supreme Court of India He retired as Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 19 November 2016.

It was established in the year 1954, when the new state of Andhra formed from the earlier Madras Presidency. After the merger of the Hyderabad State with Andhra State to form the State of Andhra Pradesh, the Court initially met at the Guntur city till 1956. Thereafter, the High Court started functioning from the capital city of Hyderabad. However, post bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh into Telangana and Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad was constituted as a common High Court, until the new High Court for the State of Andhra Pradesh is created.

A colonial court of admiralty was established in the British Ceylon in 1891 under the Ceylon Courts of Admiralty Ordinance under the provisions of the Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act 1890 (UK) to deal jurisdiction over all admiralty and maritime actions. With Ceylon gaining self rule in 1948, jurisdiction over admiralty matters were transferred to the Supreme Court of Ceylon as the Ceylon Independence Act 1947 (UK) made provisions of the Admiralty Act inapplicable. In Sri Lanka today, admiralty jurisdiction is exercised by the High Court of Colombo, having had the jurisdiction transferred to it from the Supreme Court under the provisions of the Judicature Act No.2 of 1978.

In the Irish Free State, the Courts of Justice Act 1924 replaced the Court of Appeal in Southern Ireland with a Supreme Court of Justice under the Constitution of the Irish Free State, and a Court of Criminal Appeal to hear criminal appeals that would have been heard by the Court of Appeal's Criminal Division. Final appellate jurisdiction was transferred from the House of Lords to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council - which was then abolished in 1933 by the Constitution (Amendment No. 22) Act 1933. A Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland was re-created under the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.

He was soon assisting Littledale in his work as counsel to the treasury. His progress was rapid, with his best argument said to have been in Rennell v. the Bishop of Lincoln. He was one of the legal commissioners on the reform of the Welsh judicature, whose report led to the act of 1830, by which three additional judges were appointed—one in the king's bench, one in the common pleas, and one in the exchequer; and, though he had never been a King's Counsel, Lord Lyndhurst, in November, appointed him to the new judgeship in the court of king's bench, and he was knighted.

305 An equilibrium between the courts was eventually reached, but the result was three common law courts (the Exchequer of Pleas, Common Pleas and King's Bench) with near-identical jurisdictions. By the 18th century, it was customary to speak of the "twelve justices" of the three courts, not distinguishing them, and assize cases were shared equally between them.Baker (2002) p.50 In 1828, Henry Brougham complained in Parliament that The result was the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, which unified the Common Pleas, Exchequer, King's Bench and Court of Chancery into one body, the High Court of Justice, with the divisions between the courts to remain.

In England, a special Admiralty Court handles all admiralty cases. Despite early reliance upon civil law concepts derived from the Corpus Juris Civilis of Justinian, the English Admiralty Court is a common law, albeit sui generis court that was initially somewhat distanced from other English courts. After around 1750, as the industrial revolution took hold and English maritime commerce burgeoned, the Admiralty Court became a proactive source of innovative legal ideas and provisions to meet the new situation. The Judicature Acts of 1873-1875 abolished the Admiralty Court as such, and it became conflated in the new "Probate, Divorce & Admiralty" division of the High Court.

David Tennant's party in 1928, with William Acton, Margot Bendir (her mother), Elizabeth Ponsonby, and Harry Melville Babe Plunket Greene (born 27 October 1907;The National Archives of the UK; Kew, Surrey, England; Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes, later Supreme Court of Judicature: Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Files; Class: J 77; Piece: 916; Item: 7811 died 4 November 1987), birth registered as Enid Margot Bendir,General Register Office. England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes. London, England: General Register Office. © Crown copyrightArthur Ponsonby: The Politics of Life, Raymond A. Jones, Helm, 1989, pg 159 was one of the 1920s socialites known as the "Bright Young Things".

Originally, no church-yard existed and all those who died in the fort were buried in the Guava Garden, that adjoined the Governor's House in the 17th and early 18th centuries. This grove was located where the High Court of Judicature, now stands. During the second siege of Madras by the French, in 1758-'59, the British were put to great difficulties by the fact that the French were afforded shelter from bullets and shells by the tombs. Therefore, on the petition to the Select Committee of Sir John Call, the Chief Engineer of the fort, the cemetery was re-located to the north-west of the island, while the tomb-stones were brought and placed around the church.

Shanley was born in Newark, New Jersey on August 4, 1903 and began his career in law in 1929. A Fordham University School of Law graduate, he was a member of the New Jersey Bar and the United States Supreme Court Bar. His law career was quite extensive, and his professional memberships included Fellow of the American Bar Foundation, the American Bar Association, the Essex County and Somerset County Bar Associations, and the American Judicature Society. Shanley was a founder of the prominent New Jersey law firm, Shanley & Fisher, P.C., which grew into one of New Jersey's largest and most distinguished law firms before merging with Drinker Biddle & Reath in November 1999.

After Governor William Phips dissolved the Court of Oyer and Terminer in October of 1692, a new Superior Court of Judicature was formed in December and given instructions to disregard all "spectral evidence" or testimony of the afflicted. In January 1693, this new court dismissed the charges against Sarah, the jurors marking the indictment "ignoramus", literally meaning "we do not know." After paying her prison fees, she and her husband moved to Boston. Her husband immediately (February 8, 1693) began working with several other church members ("aggrieved brethren") including a son of Rebecca Nurse, in bringing action against Parris, hoping for a full apology, or failing that, to have him dismissed from their church.

The assizes had jurisdiction outside Dublin over the most serious criminal offences, such as treason and murder. Persons accused of these crimes would first come before the petty sessions, where a justice of the peace or resident magistrate would decide if there was sufficient evidence to justify a trial. If such evidence existed, the magistrate would issue a bill of indictment and refer the matter to a grand jury, which would decide if the bill was correct and supported by evidence, issuing an indictment. The assizes themselves consisted of a judge of the Court of King's Bench, or after the Judicature (Ireland) Acts, the High Court of Justice in Ireland, sitting with a petty jury.

The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 established a new Supreme Court which, on 1 October 2009, replaced the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords. To avoid confusion, the Supreme Court Act 1981 was renamed the Senior Courts Act 1981, and all statutory references to the Supreme Court of England and Wales were amended to refer to the Senior Courts of England and Wales. The former term "Supreme Court" did not mean the 2009 Supreme Court (which, of course, did not exist in 1981), but was shorthand for the "Supreme Court of England and Wales", called before 1981 the "Supreme Court of Judicature", which comprised the "Superior Courts" (as opposed to the "Inferior Courts").

48 Später wurde er Senior Advocate des Federal Court of Pakistan und Advocate of His Majesty's High Court of Judicature at Lahore.4" Prior to the independence of Pakistan in 1948, he toured Kashmir with Aziz Kashmiri, editor of the Ahmadiyya weekly paper in Srinagar, looking for evidence supporting the claim of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad made in 1899, that the Roza Bal shrine of the holy man Yuz Asaf in Srinagar is the grave of Jesus of Nazareth. In 1952 he published his Jesus in heaven on earth (English Edition, Lahore and Woking, 1952) Khwaja Nazir Ahmad Jesus in Heaven on Earth 1952 - Page 362 "Waqiat-i-Kashmir, Jannat Nazeer Gohar-i-Alam Tuhfa- tus-Shah. The MSS. (No.

Lancelot Sanderson, Conservative MP Sir Lancelot Sanderson (24 October 1863 – 9 March 1944) was a British Conservative politician and judge. A barrister of the Inner Temple, he was appointed Recorder of Wigan in 1901 and took silk in 1903. He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Appleby division of Westmorland at the January 1910 general election, regaining a formerly Conservative seat which had been held by Liberal MPs since 1900. He was re- elected in the general election of December 1910, but resigned his seat and recordership in October 1915, when he was appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature in Calcutta after Hon'ble Justice Lawrence Hugh Jenkins.

William Baker (14 September 1836) was a New South Wales Marine and member of the First Fleet that founded the European penal colony of New South Wales. Initially an orderly for the colony's first Governor, Arthur Phillip, Baker was later appointed government storekeeper in Parramatta, and storekeeper and superintendent of convicts in the rural settlement of Hawkesbury. In 1810 he was dismissed from all government posts after being found to have misused his position for personal gain, and relocated to Hobart where he became the inaugural crier for Australia's oldest colony-wide judicature, the Supreme Court of Van Diemen's Land. The Australian fish Latropiscis purpurissatus, or "Sergeant Baker", is named in his honour.

While at the University of Zambia, he was the founder and first editor of the lpathe Zambia Law Journal. He also founded the Juristic Studies Association of Zambia in 1968 under the patronage of the then President of Zambia, Kenneth Kaunda. He also pressed for the establishment of the Council of Law Reporting in Zambia which was to be mandated to report decisions of the higher courts of judicature of Zambia and urged the Zambian Ministry of Legal Affairs to prepare an estimate of the country's need for qualified lawyers for the decade 1969 to 1978. He established the Law Practice Institute of Zambia which was to give practical training to lawyers, and served as its first Director.

Sessions was a member of the American Bar Association and had served as an officer or on the Board of Directors of the Federal Bar Association of San Antonio, the American Judicature Society, the San Antonio Bar Association, the Waco-McLennan County Bar Association, and the District Judges' Association of the Fifth Circuit. He was appointed by President Reagan as a Commissioner of the Martin Luther King, Jr., Federal Holiday Commission, and was a Delegate for the Americas to the Executive Committee of ICPO-Interpol. He was also a member of the Constitution Project's bipartisan Liberty and Security Committee. Sessions was present on the American Bar Association task force examining the constitutionality of controversial presidential signing statements.

Stephen Sewall (December 14, 1702 – September 10, 1760) was a judge in colonial Massachusetts. Born in Salem, Massachusetts, he was the son of Stephen Sewall, the clerk of court at the Salem witchcraft trials, and a nephew of Chief Justice Samuel Sewall, who presided at the witchcraft trials. He was the uncle of lawyer Jonathan Sewall and of the poet, lawyer and patriot, Jonathan Mitchell Sewall of Portsmouth, NH. He attended Harvard University, graduating in 1721. Although never formally trained as a lawyer or admitted to the bar, he was appointed first as an associate justice, and then as Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, the highest court in the colony.

During the Boxer Rebellion, Xu was the viceroy of Minzhe. Xu, along with Li Hongzhang, viceroy of Liangguang, Liu Kunyi, viceroy of Liangjiang, Zhang Zhidong, viceroy of Huguang, Sheng Xuanhuai, director of the Court of Judicature and Revision, and Yuan Shikai, governor of Shandong, signed the Mutual Protection of Southeast China agreement, openly defying the proclamation of war declared by the imperial court in Beijing against Britain, the United States, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Russia, with the aim of preserving peace in their provinces. As a viceroy, Xu Yingkui was aware of the weaknesses of China when it faces the outer world. He accepted the suggestion of an American diplomat and established the Gulangyu International Settlement.

Chitty entered Lincoln's Inn in 1851, was called to the bar in 1856, and made a Queen's Counsel in 1874, electing to practise as such in the court of Sir George Jessel, Master of the Rolls. Chitty was highly successful in dealing with a very masterful if exceedingly able judge, and his practice grew quickly. In 1880 he entered the House of Commons as member for the city of Oxford. His parliamentary career was short, for in 1881 the Judicature Act required that the Master of the Rolls should cease to sit regularly as a judge of first instance, and Chitty was selected to fill the vacancy thus created in the Chancery Division.

Jay was elected to the third New York Provincial Congress, where he drafted the Constitution of New York, 1777; his duties as a New York Congressman prevented him from voting on or signing the Declaration of Independence. Jay served for several months on the New York Committee to Detect and Defeat Conspiracies, which monitored and combated Loyalist activity. New York's Provincial Congress elected Jay the Chief Justice of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature on May 8, 1777, which he served on for two years. The Continental Congress turned to Jay, a political adversary of the previous president Henry Laurens, only three days after Jay became a delegate and elected him President of the Continental Congress.

The court of chancery, which governed fiduciary relations in England prior to the Judicature Acts A fiduciary is a person who holds a legal or ethical relationship of trust with one or more other parties (person or group of persons). Typically, a fiduciary prudently takes care of money or other assets for another person. One party, for example, a corporate trust company or the trust department of a bank, acts in a fiduciary capacity to another party, who, for example, has entrusted funds to the fiduciary for safekeeping or investment. Likewise, financial advisers, financial planners, and asset managers, including managers of pension plans, endowments, and other tax- exempt assets, are considered fiduciaries under applicable statutes and laws.

Also, the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad issued a non-bailable warrant against Mallya on 13 March 2016 for his failure to appear in the court regarding an allegation of cheating the GMR Hyderabad International Airport Ltd by issuing them a dishonoured cheque for . On 13 June 2016, the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) court declared Mallya a "proclaimed offender" on a request by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) in connection with its money laundering probe against him in an alleged loan default case. Mallya co-owned the Formula One team Force India from 2007 to 2018. In the middle of the 2018 Formula One season, Sahara Force India went into administration due to financial trouble.

The independent jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is taken as positive by the legal observers as an attempt of providing a fair, speedy, and public trial of authorities accused of abusing the basic human rights. Commenting of the issue of suo motu, Justice K.M. Sharif critically opined: "[Supreme Court]'s jurisdiction will take notice of every matter in which the executive is showing slackness." The Supreme Court is the only federal court that has jurisdiction over the direct appeals from high courts decisions, as powers granted by the Constitution as an appellate jurisdiction.Article 184(1)-184(3) Chapter 2: The Supreme Court of Pakistan in Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan.

The Supreme Court was formally established on 29 September 1961 under the terms of the 1937 Constitution of Ireland. Prior to 1961, a transitory provision of the 1937 Constitution permitted the Supreme Court of the Irish Free State to continue, though the justices were required to take the new oath of office prescribed by the 1937 Constitution.Constitution of Ireland, Article 58 The latter court was established by the Courts of Justice Act 1924 under the terms of the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. Prior to 1924, a transitory provision of the 1922 Constitution permitted the Supreme Court of Judicature to continue, the latter established in 1877 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

He was gaoled for a year in the King's Bench prison in the late 1790s for being associated with Arthur O'Connor and Father James Coigly, two United Irishmen who were trying to organise an Irish revolution. On his release he decided it would be wise to leave the country and therefore moved to India where he worked as a barrister for some 30 years in the Supreme Court of Judicature at Calcutta. He was made acting Advocate-General of Bengal in 1817 when Edward Strettell left for England due to ill-health, holding the post until Robert Spankie arrived as Strettell's successor. When Spankie returned to England in 1823, Fergusson succeeded him as Advocate-General.

Sir Fitzroy Kelly was the last leading Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. There were originally three common law divisions of the High Court corresponding with the three former courts of common law. However, after the deaths of Lord Chief Baron Kelly (on 17 September 1880), and Lord Chief Justice Cockburn (on 10 November 1880), the Common Pleas and Exchequer divisions were consolidated (by an Order in Council of 10 December 1880) with the Queen's Bench division into a single division, under the presidency of the Lord Chief Justice of England, to whom, by the Judicature Act 1881 s. 25, all the statutory jurisdiction of the Chief Baron and the Chief Justice of the Common Pleas was transferred.

He accomplished his task successfully, the articles being signed on 21 June. On 12 December he protested against Lord Clarendon's banishment and was nearly put out of the council in consequence. In 1668 he was manager for the Lords in the celebrated Skinner's case, in which his knowledge of precedents was of great service, and on which occasion he published the tract The Grand Question concerning the Judicature of the House of Peeres (1669). Holles, who was honourably distinguished by Charles as a "stiff and sullen man," and as one who would not yield to solicitation; now became with the Earls of Halifax and Shaftesbury a leader in the resistance to the domestic and foreign policy of the court.

All jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery was to be transferred to the Chancery Division; Section 25 of the Act provided that, where there was conflict between the common law and equity, the latter would prevail. An appeal from each division went to the appellate level, the Court of Appeal of England and Wales. These provisions were brought into effect after amendment with the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1875, and the Court of Chancery ceased to exist. The Master of the Rolls was transferred to the new Court of Appeal, the Lord Chancellor retained his other judicial and political roles, and the position of Vice-Chancellor ceased to exist, replaced by ordinary judges.

In 1924, Parliament passed resolutions under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1910 to authorise the appointment of two additional High Court judges to cope with the arrears of cases in the King's Bench Division. Finlay was duly appointed to one of the new positions in December 1924. The appointment again caused some controversy, as his father was still judicially active. The Law Times remarked that: > Sir William Finlay ... must be accounted as a singularly fortunate man ... > after but twenty-three years at the Bar, for no apparent Professional > reason, he is passed over the heads of those who have undoubted prior claims > for consideration and whose appointment would have strengthened the King's > Bench.

From this time on the bishops did not grant the bailiwick as a fief, but managed it themselves, and had themselves represented in the government by one of their clergy. They strove successfully to obtain the bailiwicks over the abbeys and monasteries situated in their diocese. Bishop Otto von Rietberg had to contend with Cologne; in 1281, when only bishop-elect, he received the regalia from Rudolph of Habsburg, and full judicial power (except penal judicature). After the defeat of the Cologne arch bishop at the Battle of Worringen 1288 the bishops of Paderborn became increasingly sovereigns, though not over the whole of their diocese. Bernhard V of Lippe (1321–41) established a first territorial constitution ("Privilegium Bernhardi").

Article 186(a) in the Part VII— The Judicature, Constitution of Pakistan Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry eventually presided the three-judge-bench (although it was expanded with law experts from four provinces of Pakistan), while Minister of Law Babar Awan counseled Bhutto's case. With immediate effect, Babar Awan resigned as Law Minister, even leaving the Justice Ministry entirely in order to legally counsel Bhutto's case completely independently. In his noting remarks, Chief Justice Chaudhry praised and appreciated the move by the senior PPP leadership and remarked the gesture as "historic". In a crucial advancement, the Supreme Court ordered the decision on the legal status of Bhutto's execution to a to-be-formed larger bench.

To maintain public confidence in the judiciary, it is important to maximize judges' independence from personal interests, beliefs and prejudices, and ensure that they are not perceived to be affected by their personal beliefs and prejudices.Chan, pp. 244–245. The State Courts Act and Supreme Court of Judicature Act ("SCJA") provide that judicial officers of the State Courts, and the Registrar, Deputy Registrar and assistant registrars of the Supreme Court, are not permitted to investigate or hear and decide any proceedings to or in which they are parties or personally interested, unless the parties to the proceedings have consented and the Chief Justice has given approval.SCA, s. 65, and SCJA, s. 76.

The original Dominican Constitution of 1844 voted in San Cristobal on November 6, 1844, appropriated among other powers of the Supreme Court the power to hear appeals for annulment (appeal) against the judgments given ultimately by the courts of appeal. But he was also attributed by the Organic Judiciary Act of 1845 to hear the merits of the issues last and third instance. The same Constitution of 1844 gave jurisdiction to the Supreme Court to ensure uniformity of jurisprudence, so that judgments given by the courts and tribunals have acquired the ultimate authority of the judicature could be examined for the purpose of standardizing jurisprudence without this ruling exploited or prejudice to the parties. This provision expressly repeated in all constitutional reforms until 1877.

Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2004. In a memoir sent to the French Academy of Sciences in 1767 Gaston-Laurent Coeurdoux, a French Jesuit who spent all his life in India, had specifically demonstrated the existing analogy between Sanskrit and European languages. In 1786 William Jones, a judge in the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, Calcutta, linguist, and classics scholar, on studying Sanskrit, postulated, in his Third Anniversary Discourse to the Asiatic Society, a proto-language uniting Sanskrit, Persian, Greek, Latin, Gothic and Celtic languages, but in many ways his work was less accurate than his predecessors', as he erroneously included Egyptian, Japanese and Chinese in the Indo-European languages, while omitting Hindustani and Slavic: Jones concluded that all these languages originated from the same source.

The city is located in the center of Colombia, on a high plateau known as the Bogotá savanna, part of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Andes. It is the third-highest capital in South America and in the world after Quito and La Paz, at an average of above sea level. Subdivided into 20 localities, Bogotá has an area of and a relatively cool climate that is constant through the year. The city is home to central offices of the executive branch (Office of the President), the legislative branch (Congress of Colombia) and the judicial branch (Supreme Court of Justice, Constitutional Court, Council of State and the Superior Council of Judicature) of the Colombian government.

Like British issues, the stamps could be embossed directly onto a document or on pieces of coloured paper with a cypher label at the back. Initially, colourless embossing was used although later on coloured ink was also used. Embossed adhesives were introduced in 1858, and these were either inscribed IRELAND or were regular British issues but with die letters which were exclusively used in Ireland only. Apart from general duty stamps, there were also directly embossed revenue stamps for Affidavit, Bankers Note or Bill, Bonds, Chancery Fee Fund, Civil Bill Duty, the Court of Bankruptcy and Insolvency, Enrolment, Intermediate Education, Judgements Registry, Law Fund, Lease, Lunacy Fee, Protests, Record of Titles, Registration of Deeds, the Supreme Court of Judicature, and Writ.

Embossed adhesives were also used for Admiralty Court, Chancery Fee Fund, Petty Sessions and Registration of Deeds. 6d Dog Licence Registration stamp (overprinted on a Petty Sessions key type depicting George V), used in 1922 British key types specifically inscribed for use in Ireland were first issued in 1873, a year after key types were introduced in Britain. These depicted the reigning monarch, initially Queen Victoria and later King Edward VII and King George V, and they remained in use until the partition of Ireland. Key types were issued for Bankruptcy, County Courts, Judicature, Land Commission, Land Registry, Petty Sessions (some of which were overprinted for Dog Licence Registration), Records, Registration of Deeds, Registration of Title and Registration of Title Insurance Fund.

A block of British 6d Contract Note stamps with a Saorstát Éireann overprint, issued 1922 Following the Irish War of Independence, Ireland was partitioned and in 1922, the southern part fell under the administration of the Provisional Government of Ireland (). Various revenue stamps, either Irish issues as described above or regular British issues, were therefore overprinted accordingly. Rialtas overprints can therefore be found on Bankruptcy, Civil Service, Companies Registration, Contract Note, County Courts, Dog Licence Registration, Excise, Foreign Bill, Health & Pensions Insurance, Judicature, Land Registry, National Health Insurance, Official Arbitration, Petty Sessions, Records, Registration of Deeds and Unemployment Insurance stamps. The Irish Free State () was established at the end of 1922, and British or Irish revenues were once again similarly overprinted.

He then studied at King's College London, entered at Lincoln's Inn in November 1867, and was called to the Bar in June 1870, having won the Inns of Court Exhibition in Constitutional Law and Legal History in the previous year. Webb was admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1872, and practised on the equity side of the Supreme Court until 1884, when he was appointed assistant chief clerk under the Judicature Act, the rules of which he assisted in drafting. In October 1884 he succeeded Mr. Wilkinson as Master in Equity and Master in Lunacy. He acted as Deputy Commissioner of Titles during Mr. Bunny's illness, and in 1885, on Mr. Bunny's death, he was Commissioner of Titles for some months concurrently with his other offices.

Winslow participated in local government for 15 years, including serving on the Norfolk Planning Board, Affordable Housing Committee, DPW Commission, Zoning Bylaw Study Committee, and Correctional Facilities Advisory Committee. As a member of the Planning Board, Winslow drafted "Smart Growth" zoning strategy including tradition New England Development, architectural design review, and creation of pedestrian and kid-friendly neighborhood streets that enhanced property value. Winslow is a member of the Massachusetts and Federal Bar Association, the American Judicature Society, and the International Institute for Conflict & Resolution (CPR). He was cited by Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly newspaper in 2007 as one of the 35 most influential lawyers in Massachusetts in the past 35 years and was recognized as a Super Lawyer in Massachusetts by Law and Politics magazine.

Lieutenant-Colonel Sir John Gibb Thom DSO MC (1 August 1891 – 19 February 1941) was a British soldier, judge and politician from Linlithgow. Thom served with the Gordon Highlanders, and was awarded the Military Cross in 1917, and later that year received the Distinguished Service Order for "conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty". He was elected as a Member of Parliament for Dunbartonshire in 1926, losing the 1929 election but returning to office in 1931, where he stayed until resigning a year later. In 1937 he was knighted as part of the New Years Honours, and was also made Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature in Allahabad, a position he held until his death in 1941, aged 49.

On July 24, 2006, the American Bar Association's Task Force on Presidential Signing Statements and the Separation of Powers Doctrine, appointed by ABA President Michael S. Greco, issued a widely publicized report condemning some uses of signing statements. The task force report and recommendations were unanimously approved by ABA delegates at their August 2006 meeting. The bipartisan and independent blue- ribbon panel was chaired by Miami lawyer Neal Sonnett, a former Assistant U.S. Attorney and Chief of the Criminal Division for the Southern District of Florida. He is past chair of the ABA Criminal Justice Section, chair of the ABA Task Force on Domestic Surveillance and the ABA Task Force on Treatment of Enemy Combatants; and president-elect of the American Judicature Society.

The Chief Election Commissioner is the authority and the appointed chair of the Election Commission of Pakistan— an institution constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and provincial legislatures. Before 1973, appointment of the commissioner only restricted to the civil services and appointments came from the President. After the promulgation of much and thoroughly reformed constitution in 1973, the constitutional provisions made mandatory and compulsory that the only appointments would come from the judicature branch's judges who were eligible to become Chief Election Commissioner, however later on an amendment to the Constitution allowed civil servants to be appointed to the post as well. The Constitution (or President on different occasions) lays the appointment and oath administered by the Chief Justice of Pakistan.

232 Events, however, soon became litigious, because Adam escaped from the farm on which he was working in March 1701. Sewall and Saffin had a confrontation at Sewall's house, in which an agreement was made between them that a case for Saffin's claim to possession of Adam would be heard in Bristol County. On 1 August 1701, Saffin convinced the governor's council to appoint him to the Superior Court of Judicature, the province's highest court, in the wake of the passing of Chief Justice and Acting Governor William Stoughton.Francis, pp. 234–235 The standard process for hearing cases at that time was that one or more of the superior court justices would ride circuit to hear cases in conjunction with lower court judges.

After independence, the legislative assembly met for the first time on 3 November 1947. At its meeting on 4 November 1947, the legislative assembly adopted a resolution for the use of Hindi for the transaction of all its business and proceedings and accordingly all the business of the House was thereafter transacted in Hindi. On 25 February 1948, the Assembly passed a resolution requesting the Governor to submit to the Governor General the request of the assembly to the effect that the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad and the Oudh Chief Court be amalgamated. Another important resolution passed by the House on 18 October 1948 congratulated the government of India, the military commanders and the soldiers on their successful police action against the Hyderabad State.

He represented Korean clients in a number of instances. In 2000, his efforts were featured in a one-hour episode of the PD Notebook program on Munhwa Broadcasting, and in 2004, he was posthumously decorated with the Order of Merit for National Foundation by the Republic of Korea, becoming the only Japanese national in history to receive this honor. Fuse ran as a left-wing candidate in the 1928 general election under the Labour-Farmer Party but was unsuccessful.『ある弁護士の生涯』 73-75頁 Thereafter, he represented the Japan Communist Party in the wake of the March 15 incident, resulting in his indictment in 1929 and disbarment by the Supreme Court of Judicature in 1932.

Judicial independence in Singapore is protected by the Constitution of Singapore, statutes such as the State Courts Act and Supreme Court of Judicature Act, and the common law. To safeguard judicial independence, Singapore law lays down special procedures to be followed before the conduct of Supreme Court judges may be discussed in Parliament and for their removal from office for misconduct, and provides that their remuneration may not be reduced during their tenure. By statute, judicial officers of the State Courts, and the Registrar, Deputy Registrar and assistant registrars of the Supreme Court have immunity from civil suits, and are prohibited from hearing and deciding cases in which they are personally interested. The common law provides similar protections and disabilities for Supreme Court judges.

The office was created during the Lordship of Ireland (1171–1536) and continued in existence under the Kingdom of Ireland (1536–1800) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Prior to the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877, the Lord Chief Justice presided over the Court of King's/Queen's Bench, and as such ranked foremost amongst the judges sitting at common law. After 1877, the Lord Chief Justice assumed the presidency of the Queen's Bench Division of the new High Court of Justice, which sat permanently in the Four Courts in Dublin. Thomas Lefroy, later Lord Chief Justice of Ireland (LCJ 1852–1866), was used by Jane Austen as the model for her Pride and Prejudice character Mr. Darcy.

On June 27 1692, during the height of the witchcraft trials, Cotton Mather proposed a question for the group, "Whether the devils may not sometimes have permission to represent an innocent person as tormenting such as are under diabolical molestations?"See photo and minutes are also reprinted, Cambridge Association Minutes. In other words, Mather is contemplating whether it is possible for someone accused of witchcraft to be innocent, a position that is nearly the opposite of presumed innocence. The question was discussed at the next meeting August 1, and in Increase Mather's handwriting the conclusion was recorded, "All did agree to the affirmative... [that false accusations can happen]... but that such things are rare and extraordinary especially when such matters come before civil judicature." ibid.

The judiciary of Colombia, unlike most jurisdictions, does not have a single supreme entity to oversee the lower courts, but rather has four high courts, known in Colombia as the "High Courts", which are the supreme tribunals of decision in their respective fields. The four high courts are the Constitutional Court (head of the constitutional jurisdiction), the Supreme Court (head of the ordinary jurisdiction), the Council of State (head of the administrative jurisdiction), and the Superior Council of Judicature (head of the disciplinary jurisdiction). Though the courts are supposed to be equal, the Constitutional Court has a broad spectrum of judicial oversight which often allows it to rule on issues overseen by different jurisdictions and even to weigh in directly in the rulings of other high courts.

The Supreme Court also has an original jurisdiction in any dispute between any two or more provincial governments or the Government of Pakistan itself where the Supreme Court may pronounce declaratory judgments only to settle the disputes. However, almost all cases are brought to the Supreme Court on appeal, making the cases considered based on original jurisdiction rarely. On events involving the legal and technical issues concerning the implementation of law and the writ of constitution, Supreme Court has an advisory jurisdiction to answer questions and provides written opinions on public importance as consulted by the President upon the request from the Prime Minister.Article 186(1)-186(2) Chapter 2: The Supreme Court of Pakistan in Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan.

The High Court, therefore, came to consist of the Chancery division, the common law division (known as the Queen's Bench division), and the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty division. To the Queen's Bench division was also attached, by an order of the Lord Chancellor dated 1 January 1884, the business of the London Court of Bankruptcy. The keystone of the structure created by the Judicature Acts was a strong court of appeal. The House of Lords remained the last court of appeal, as before the Acts, but its judicial functions were transferred in practice to an appellate committee, consisting of the lord chancellor and other peers who had held high judicial office, and certain Lords of Appeal in Ordinary created by the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876.

From the time of Elizabeth I onwards the Court was severely criticised for its slow pace, large backlogs, and high costs. Those problems persisted until its dissolution, despite being mitigated somewhat by reforms, particularly during the 19th century. Attempts at fusing the Chancery with the common law courts began in the 1850s, and finally succeeded with the 1873 and 1875 Supreme Court of Judicature Acts, which dissolved the Chancery and created a new unified High Court of Justice, with the Chancery Division – one of three divisions of the High Court – succeeding the Court of Chancery as an equitable body. For much of its existence the Court was formally led by the Lord Chancellor, assisted by the judges of the common law courts.

Having established in 1948 as the Federal Court, the Supreme Court's constitutional restructure and recreation was reviewed by the 1956 articles; it has retained its name and jurisdiction through the successive legal instruments since 1973 convention.Articles 175(1)–212(B) in the Part VII: The Judicature of the Constitution of Pakistan The Supreme Court enjoys the constitutional and jurisdictional supremacy over any court in the Court system of the country where it exercises original, appellate and review jurisdiction. It possesses exclusive original jurisdiction for the settlement of intergovernmental disputes between federal and provisional governments and high courts Inter se. Since Pakistan's establishment in 1947, the Supreme Court has played a prominent role in country's events, and its decisions ultimately deciding the fate of the country.

On 18 November 1780, the same day that the first India Gazette was published, Hicky modified the name of his newspaper from Hicky's Bengal Gazette; or, Calcutta General Advertiser, to Hicky's Bengal Gazette; or the Original Calcutta General Advertiser to emphasize that his newspaper was founded first. Hicky claimed Hastings' order violated his right to free expression, and accused Hastings of corruption, tyranny, and even erectile dysfunction. Hicky also accused other British leaders in Calcutta of corruption, including the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, Elijah Impey of taking bribes, and the leader of the Protestant Mission, Johann Zacharias Kiernander of stealing from an orphaned children's fund. Hicky's editorial independence was short lived as Hastings and Kiernander sued him for libel.

The King's Bench finally joined the Court of Common Pleas and Exchequer of Pleas in Westminster Hall in 1318, making its last travels in 1421. The King's Bench was merged into the High Court of Justice by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, after which point the King's Bench was a division within the High Court. The King's Bench was staffed by one Chief Justice (now the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales) and usually three Puisne Justices. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the King's Bench's jurisdiction and caseload was significantly challenged by the rise of the Court of Chancery and equitable doctrines as one of the two principal common law courts along with the Common Pleas.

Westminster Hall, meeting place of the Court of King's Bench (England) from 1215 until the King's Bench was abolished in England in 1875 Illuminated initial membrane, with portrait of Elizabeth I, Court of King's Bench: Coram Rege Roll (Easter Term, 1584) In England and Wales, the Court of King's Bench (or Court of Queen's Bench) was the name of two courts. Each was a senior court of common law, with civil and criminal jurisdiction, and a specific jurisdiction to restrain unlawful actions by public authorities. The English Court of Queen's Bench was abolished in 1875 by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. The Court's jurisdiction passed in each case to a new High Court of Justice and specifically to the Queen's Bench Division of that court.

This preferment at times surfaces in the legal arena. Although the appointment process is normally "at Her Majesty's pleasure" it was reported on 8 June 2016 that Rino Volpé had brought an action against the government valued at $1.3 million because of his early termination as CEO of the Vitalité Health Network.acadienouvelle.com: "Congédiement de Rino Volpé: la cause devant les tribunaux", 8 Jun 2016 The intrusion of the preferment process into the Judicature Act drew sharp criticism in early 2016 from the chief justice of the Court of Queen's Bench, whose power to place judges where he deems fit will thus be curtailed in favour of the Minister of Justice.cbc.ca: "Chief Justice David Smith 'surprised' by Liberal bill to curb his powers", 24 Feb 2016cbc.

After taking primary education at Mander and Madhavpur, Thakker graduated from a college in Junagadh and obtained an LLB (law) degree from a law college in Jamnagar. He also obtained an LLM degree from Gujarat University, and began practicing from 1968 in the High Court of Gujarat. Thakker was appointed as part-time Lecturer in Law in Sir L.A. Shah Law College, Ahmedabad, in 1970 and continued as such until he was elevated to Judge of the High Court of Gujarat on 21 June 1990. He was further promoted to Chief Justice of High Court of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla on 5 May 2000 and transferred as the Chief Justice of High Court of Judicature at Mumbai on 31 December 2001.

By 1773, the East India Regulating Act 1773 had been passed, establishing a supreme council (consisting of a governor- general, the first of whom was Warren Hastings, and four councillors) and judicature (consisting of a chief justice and three puisne judges) of Bengal. Chambers was appointed second judge under Sir Elijah Impey as chief justice, with a promise from the Lord Chancellor that if the Chief Justice's post became vacant, it would be offered to him. The judges departed for Calcutta in May 1774, although Chambers persuaded the Oxford authorities to allow him to retain his professorship for a further three years, in case he did not adapt to the Indian climate. His successor was therefore not appointed until 1777, when he was knighted (on 7 June).

However, until late in the nineteenth century the First Sea Lord and his professional colleagues remained free to play an active part in politics, although as the century progressed they chose to do so less and less. Until the absorption of the High Court of Admiralty into the Court of Judicature they nominally retained, as executors of the office of Lord High Admiral, their centuries-old link with that court. When the Navy Board was abolished in 1832 and responsibility for the civil administration of the Navy passed to the Board of Admiralty, the Board was redesigned. It now consisted of the First Lord of the Admiralty, four Naval Lords (three between 1868 and 1886), known from 1904 as Sea Lords, and a Civil Lord, with a Parliamentary and a Permanent Secretary.

Prasad began his career by enrolling as an Advocate on 27 November 1973 with the Bar Council of Bihar. He practiced in Civil, Constitutional, Criminal and Service matters at the High Court of judicature at Patna, Bihar and was designated as a Senior Advocate on 17 July 1989. He was appointed as the Additional Advocate General of the State of Bihar on 14.12.1993. He was elevated as a permanent Judge of the Patna High Court on 8 November 1994 and was transferred to the Madhya Pradesh High Court on 21 November 1994 from where he was transferred back to Patna High Court on 10 September 2001. He was appointed as the acting Chief Justice of Patna High Court from 3 March 2008 to 12 May 2008 and from 17 December 2008 to 15 March 2009.

When Kiernander wanted to get into advertising in print the "forms of writs used in the Supreme Court of Judicature, & c." Hicky took it upon himself to poke fun at a man set out to become a prospective rival "For the good of the Mission…A part of the types sent out on the behalf of the Mission, to assist the pious design of propagating the Gospel in foreign parts, are now employed in printing Warrants, Summon’s Writs of Lattitats, and Special Capias—those Blister Plaister of the Law." Hicky's distorted "Mr. Caninder" (as Hicky calls him in the May 1781 Hicky's Bengal Gazette) was primarily the bane of Hicky's life as a printer because of the help and assistance that he gave to the printers of the India Gazette.

There are certain offices of the executive whose pensions are regulated by particular acts of Parliament. Judges of the High Court, on completing fifteen years' services or becoming permanently incapacitated for duty, whatever their length of service, may be granted a pension equal to two-thirds of their salary (Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873). The Lord Chancellor of Great Britain however short a time he may have held office, receives a pension of £45,000, but he usually continues to sit as a Law Lord in the House of Lords; so also does the Lord Chancellor of Northern Ireland, who receives a pension of £3,692 6s. A considerable number of local authorities have obtained special parliamentary powers for the purpose of superannuating their officials and workmen who have reached the age of 65.

In court, a Lord Justice of Appeal is referred to as My Lord or Your Lordship, and a Lady Justice of Appeal is referred to as My Lady or Your Ladyship. The style of "Lord Justice of Appeal" was prescribed by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1877, but the term "Lady Justice" was used in practice by women soon after they were promoted to sit as judges of the Court of Appeal, and the term was included in the Courts Act 2003. When there is already or has until recently been a judge with the same surname as a new appointee, the new judge will often use a first name as part of his or her judicial title. Many judges have done this, such as Lord Justice Lawrence Collins (Sir Lawrence Antony Collins).

Jessel's career marks an epoch on the bench, owing to the active part taken by him in rendering the Judicature Acts effective, and also because he was the last judge capable of sitting in the House of Commons, a privilege of which he did not avail himself. He was the first Jew who, as solicitor-general, took a share in the executive government of his country, the first Jew who was sworn a regular member of the privy council, and the first Jew who took a seat on the judicial bench of Great Britain; he was also, for many years after being called to the bar, so situated that any one might have driven him from it, because, being a Jew, he was not qualified to be a member of the bar.

The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court traces its history back to the high court of the British Province of Massachusetts Bay, which was chartered in 1692. Under the terms of that charter, Governor Sir William Phips established the Superior Court of Judicature as the province's local court of last resort (some of the court's decisions could be appealed to courts in England). When the Massachusetts State Constitution was established in 1780, legislative and judicial records show that the state's high court, although renamed, was a continuation of provincial high court. During and after the period of the American Revolution the court had members who were appointed by royal governors, the executive council of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress (which acted as the state's executive from 1775 to 1780), and governors elected under the state constitution.

Media campaigns had been initiated by the highly positioned people from the ex-president of SRY Vojislav Koštunica and later the president of Serbia Boris Tadić. Hiding behind official state bodies they used to submit false reports initiating official investigations in six European countries (Lichtenstein, France, Switzerland, Cyprus, Italy, and Greece) and USA that all with no exception resulted in rejection of the stated doubts. The culmination of the pursuit was lawsuit filing before the Special Court in Belgrade by which Subotić was accused for non-existing act of office abuse in the private company. In spite of unseen media pursuit and approved numerous misuse on the side of prosecution and hard pressure on the judicature, hat lawsuit was rejected by decision of the Court of Appellation in Belgrade in December 2015.

That case was titled as Affair Ticino due to place of meeting where special prosecutor Miljko Radisavljević and his deputy Saša Ivanić falsely reported Subotić to Switzerland officials. Upon the report from Serbia in Italy was launched the court proceeding that ended when the prosecutor, after he had established the false statements by the Serbian officials, requested to pronounce as non-existing acts Subotić had been put on trial regarding evidence clearly showing that acts never happened. This verdict represents unique precedent in practice of Italian judicature and it is deemed as the highest possible grade of freeing against stated doubts. Investigations in Lichtenstein, France, Belgium, Greece and USA confirmed that Subotić had been reported for acts that had never happened or he had not been connected with.

The earliest predecessor of the Supreme Court was the Court of Judicature of Prince of Wales' Island (now Penang), Singapore and Malacca, which was established by the Second Charter of Justice, issued by the Crown as letters patent dated 27 November 1826.. The Court was presided over by the Governor of the Straits Settlements and Resident Councillor of the settlement where the court was to be held, and another judge called the Recorder.. The Third Charter of Justice of 12 August 1855 reorganized the Court, providing the Straits Settlements with two Recorders, one for Prince of Wales' Island and the other for Singapore and Malacca.Chionh, p. 103. Following the reconstitution of the Straits Settlements as a Crown colony with effect from 1 April 1867,By the Straits Settlements Act 1866 (29 & 30 Vict., c.

Polden (2002) p.575 In 1870 the Lord Chancellor, Lord Hatherly, attempted to bring the recommendations into law through an Act of Parliament, but did not go to the trouble of consulting the judiciary or the leader of the Conservatives, who controlled the House of Lords. The bill ran into strong opposition from lawyers and judges, particularly Alexander Cockburn.Polden (2002) p.576 After Hatherly was replaced by Lord Selbourne in September 1872, a second bill was introduced after consultation with the judiciary; although along the same lines, it was far more detailed.Polden (2002) p.577 The Act, finally passed as the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, merged the Common Pleas, Exchequer, King's Bench and Court of Chancery into one body, the High Court of Justice, with the divisions between the courts to remain.

In English common law, the fiduciary relation is an important concept within a part of the legal system known as equity. In the United Kingdom, the Judicature Acts merged the courts of equity (historically based in England's Court of Chancery) with the courts of common law, and as a result the concept of fiduciary duty also became applicable in common law courts. When a fiduciary duty is imposed, equity requires a different, stricter standard of behavior than the comparable tortious duty of care in common law. The fiduciary has a duty not to be in a situation where personal interests and fiduciary duty conflict, not to be in a situation where their fiduciary duty conflicts with another fiduciary duty, and a duty not to profit from their fiduciary position without knowledge and consent.

John Edmund Bentley married Margaret Richardson, eldest daughter of George Clerihew, MD Inspector-General of Hospitals, on 23 April 1874 at St Barnabas, KensingtonThe Medical Times and bazette, p494, 1874 The couple quickly had two children, Edmund Clerihew Bentley (born 1 July 1875) and Margaret Helen Elizabeth Bentley (born 1877). The family lived in Hammersmith, London and John's occupation was a professional clerk, by 1881 being a Clerk In General Office of the Supreme Court Of Judicature.1881 England Census, Class: RG11; Piece: 60; Folio: 75; Page: 80; GSU roll: 1341013. John and Margaret had at least two more children, Francis Bernard Bentley and Walter Basil Bentley and by 1891 were residing with John's uncle John Nathaniel Bentley.1891 England census, Class: RG12; Piece: 131; Folio 128; Page 47; GSU roll: 6095241.

Entering Trinity College, Dublin, in 1855, he obtained a classical scholarship in 1857, and a first senior moderatorship and gold medal in experimental science in 1859. In 1860 he graduated with a BA and in 1863 M.A. Subsequently (1885) he gained his LL.D. In 1861 he obtained the degree of BA, ad eundem, and also that of MA, with honours and first gold medal in experimental science, in the Queen's (afterwards Royal) Queen's University of Ireland. Called to the Irish bar in 1862, he practised successfully for some years, and in 1882 took silk. From 1884 to 1890 he was Regius Professor of feudal and English law in Dublin University, and in 1890 became a judge of the supreme court of judicature of Ireland, and judicial commissioner of the Irish Land Commission.

It is clear from evidence of Gaius that this result was obtained, not by an independent set of courts administering, as in England previous to the Judicature Acts, a system different from that of the ordinary courts, but by the manipulation of the formulae. In the time of Justinian the work was complete, and the formulary system had disappeared. The work was lost to modern scholars, until, in 1816, a palimpsest was discovered by B. G. Niebuhr in the chapter library of Verona, in which some of the works of St. Jerome were written over some earlier writings, which proved to be the lost work of Gaius. The greater part of the palimpsest has, however, been deciphered with the help of August von Bethmann- Hollweg, and the text is now fairly complete.

Other witnesses stated that Attucks was "leaning upon a stick" when the soldiers opened fire.The Trial of William Wemms, James Hartegan, William M'Cauley, Hugh White, Matthew Killroy, William Warren, John Carrol, and Hugh Montgomery, soldiers in His Majesty's 29th Regiment of Foot, for the murder of Crispus Attucks, Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick, James Caldwell, and Patrick Carr, on Monday-evening, the 5th of March,1867 at the Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Goal Delivery, held at Boston, the 27th day of November, 1770, by adjournment, before the Hon. Benjamin Lynde, John Cushing, Peter Oliver, and Chris Metzler, Esquires, justices of said court (Boston: J. Fleeming, 1770); and A Short Narrative of the Horrid Massacre in Boston (New York: John Doggett, Jr., 1849). Five colonists were killed and six were wounded.

The judiciary of Trinidad and Tobago is a branch of the Government of Trinidad and Tobago that interprets and applies the laws of Trinidad and Tobago, to ensure equal justice under law, and to provide a mechanism for dispute resolution. The judiciary is a hierarchical system comprising a Supreme Court of Judicature, a Magistracy and a Family Court. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is the head of the judiciary and is appointed by the President, on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition; the current Chief Justice is Ivor Archie. The Supreme Court consists of a High Court and a Court of Appeal, whilst the Magistracy consists of separate criminal and civil courts with original jurisdiction, and is led by a Chief Magistrate.

The earliest predecessor of the Federal Court was the Court of Judicature of Prince of Wales' Island (now Penang), Singapore and Malacca, which was established by the Second Charter of Justice, issued by the Crown as letters patent dated 27 November 1826.. The Court was presided over by the Governor of the Straits Settlements and Resident Councillor of the settlement where the court was to be held, and another judge called the Recorder.. The Third Charter of Justice of 12 August 1855 reorganised the Court, providing the Straits Settlements with two Recorders, one for Prince of Wales' Island and the other for Singapore and Malacca.Chionh, p. 103. Following the reconstitution of the Straits Settlements as a Crown colony with effect from 1 April 1867,By the Straits Settlements Act 1866 (29 & 30 Vict., c.

In the 1990s, Utter chaired the American Judicature Society, advocating for appointing judges based on merit, rather than electing them. He also taught constitutional law at the University of Puget Sound School of Law, which was the first state constitutional law course taught in Washington State. In 1997, Utter led a task force in King County that resulted in the establishment of therapeutic courts, focused on mental health. He wrote law reviews and magazine articles and a book about the Washington State Constitution. After resigning, he worked on a University of Washington project in Rwanda dealing with how courts tried to approach justice in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, including talking with members of the United Nations’ International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda as part of a team in 2008.

On 27 Aug. 1981, the Chief Justice issued an order under sub-section (3) of S. 51 of the Act to the effect : "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (3) of S. 51 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 (No. 37 of 1956) and all other powers enabling him in this behalf, the Hon'ble the Chief Justice, with the approval of the Governor of Maharashtra, is pleased to appoint Aurangabad as a place at which the Hon'ble Judges and Division Courts of the High Court of Judicature at Bombay may also sit." This is the history how the Aurangabad Bench of the Bombay High Court was constituted. The Constitution of the Bench by The Hon’ble The Chief Justice V.S.Deshpande then came to be challenged before the Hon’ble Supreme Court.

It then became apparent by late November that a fleeting breakthrough could yet be attained when Lord Midleton, the moderate leader of the Southern Unionists, alarmed by the rise of militant separatism and the high losses on the war front, in an effort to break the deadlock on the fiscal question, proposed on 22 November a Home Rule settlement without partition, in which an Irish parliament, with minority safeguards for Ulster, would have full control of internal taxes, administration, legislation, judicature and the police, but not of customs and excise. Opposition to the "Midleton Plan" came not only from the Ulster delegates but from a majority of the nationalists led by Bishop O'Donnell who still held out for full fiscal autonomy.Meleady, Dermot: Redmond the Parnellite pp. 346–47, University Press (2008) Hennessey, Thomas: p.

Old Supreme Court Building that was used for sittings of the Court of Appeal, photographed in August 2008 In Singapore, the offence of scandalizing the court is committed when a person performs any act or publishes any writing that is calculated to bring a court or a judge of the court into contempt, or to lower his authority. An act or statement that alleges bias, lack of impartiality, impropriety or any wrongdoing concerning a judge in the exercise of his judicial function falls within the offence. The High Court and the Court of Appeal are empowered by section 7(1) of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act () to punish for contempt of court. This provision is statutory recognition of the superior courts' inherent jurisdiction to uphold the proper administration of justice.

The Vicar General of the Diocese of Sodor and Man is an ecclesiastical law officer appointed by the Bishop of Sodor and Man. Formerly there were two vicars general in the diocese, but since 1846 only one has been appointed.Evidence of Attorney General Sir James Gell: Report of the Royal Commission on the Ecclesiastical Courts (1883, C.3760) vol. ii p.322. The Vicar General is the judge of the ecclesiastical courts in the Isle of Man, which comprise the Consistory Court, the Chapter Court and the Vicar General’s Court. The principal jurisdiction of the Consistory Court is to consider applications for faculties to works affecting consecrated land or buildings; its former matrimonial jurisdiction was transferred to the High Court of Justice in 1884,Ecclesiastical Civil Judicature Transfer Act 1884 and its jurisdiction in clergy discipline to disciplinary tribunals in 2006.

Ts'o Seen Wan was the son of Mr. Ts'o Wai Chuen, a well known merchant of that territory who was the first Chinese in Macau decorated by the King of Portugal with the Insignia of "Comenda de Nossa Senhora da Conceição", who also received the Honorary title of the 2nd Degree with the Red Button and Peacock's Feather conferred on him by the Emperor of China, Guangxu in 1880. After finishing his studies in Macau, Dr. Ts'o went to Shanghai where he received higher Chinese education. He went to England in 1886 and entered Cheltenham College. In due time he passed his law examinations and was connected with well-known law firms and was enrolled as a solicitor of the Supreme Court of Judicature of England before returning to Hong Kong in 1897 where he set up his own law practice.

In 1747, the Rhode Island General Assembly authorized the creation of a Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery, consisting of one chief justice and four associates, all serving one year terms. The 1747 enactment replaced an earlier appeals court of the same name, which had been composed of the governor or deputy governor and at least six of the elected "assistants," which dated to 1729 under the same name and the composition dated back to the 1663 charter when it was known as the "General Court of Trials." This court had replaced an even earlier court formed under the Charter of 1644, a 1647 enactment of a code of laws, and a 1651 amendment creating appellate jurisdiction.Gail I. Winson, "Researching the Laws of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations: From Lively Experiment to Statehood" pg.

Greene had begun his public service in February 1767 when he became a justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court (then called the Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery), filling in for another member for a few months. He served another partial term on this court from 1768 to 1769, then in May 1774 he was again selected as a justice of the court, serving until February 1777 when he became the 20th Chief Justice of this body.Manual - the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (1891), p. 208-13. The only break in his tenure as a justice occurred for a few months during the summer of 1776 when he was given the rank of Colonel, moved temporarily to the War Department, and briefly replaced as justice by John Gardner.

The competence of religious courts is not exclusive, and parties can apply to District Courts for adjudication on basis of Roman Dutch law or local adat. Suharto's New Order expanded the reach of Sharia, first with the 1974 Marriage Act, which assigned jurisdiction over the marriage and divorce of Muslims to the Islamic courts (), and with the 1989 Religious Judicature Act, which elevated Islamic courts by making them a parallel legal system, equal to state courts and gave them jurisdiction over inheritance (wasiyyah), gifts (hibah) and religious endowments. Muslim litigants could originally choose whether to have inheritance questions decided by the Islamic courts or by the civil courts, but a 2006 amendment eliminated this possibility; the same amendment gave Islamic courts new jurisdiction over property disputes, including financial and economic matters. Muslims seeking a divorce must also file their claim in Islamic courts.

1/- Dog Licence Registration stamp, overprinted on a George V Petty Sessions key type The vast majority of Northern Ireland revenue stamps were British key types additionally inscribed NORTHERN IRELAND. In 1921, stamps were issued for Bankruptcy, Civil Service, Companies Registration, Contract Note, County Courts, Estate Duty, Foreign Bill, Judicature, Land Commission, Land Registry, Official Arbitration, Petty Sessions (including overprints for Dog Licence) and Registration of Deeds. Most of the 1921 issues depicted the reigning monarch, King George V, but some Contract Note and Petty Sessions stamps depicting King Edward VII were also issued, since they were printed on older stocks. Later issues depicted the then-current monarch, King George VI and later Queen Elizabeth II. Until 1950, Registration of Deeds stamps simply inscribed IRELAND were still being issued, but these were only valid in Northern Ireland.

Warren was named the H. Edward Harter Chair of Commercial Law at the University of Louisville School of Law in 1990. He is considered a leading authority on securities and financial services law in both the U.S. and the European Union, having authored or co-authored over 40 articles and 10 books, including Business Enterprises: Legal Structures, Governance and Policy, a widely-adopted textbook now in its fourth edition, and European Securities Regulation. He has testified on market regulation before the U.S. Senate Banking Committee and has served as a consultant to the London Stock Exchange and the North American Securities Administrators Association and its member state regulatory agencies. He has served on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's Federal Advisory Committee on Market Transactions, and on the Board of Directors of the American Judicature Society.

Church was nominated as a "writer" (record the details of accounting, managerial decisions, and activities related to the company) under the British East India Company at Fort Marlborough, Bencoolen (Bengkulu) on 17 April 1816 and started his duties in October 1816. During Church's stay in Bencoolen, he held several offices as Assistant to the Resident of Manna, Assistant to the Judge and Magistrate of Bencoolen and Registrar to the principal native Judicial Court. With the judicial experience gained during Church's stay in Bencoolen, it subsequently qualified him for important judicial duties as a member of the Straits Court of Judicature, Deputy Resident of Malacca, Accountant and Auditor at Penang, Deputy Collector, Military Paymaster and Acting Collector of Customs. In 1825, Church was a civil member of the "Eastern Settlements" which consisted of Prince of Wales' Island (Penang), Singapore and Malacca.

The Society of Gentleman Practisers in the Courts of Law and Equity was founded in either 1739 or 1740 by 28 elite London-based attorneys and solicitors. At this time (prior to the Judicature Acts of 1873–75) an attorney was a lawyer who practised in the common law courts of England and Wales whilst a solicitor practised in the courts of equity/chancery. Up until the 18th century the attorneys had held themselves superior to the solicitors but around the time of the formation of the society the two professions held equal standing. The society seems to have been partly founded in response to the public's distrust of the professions, partly as an attempt to improve the social standing of its members and partly as a reaction to the Attorneys and Solicitors Act of 1728.

In 1996, Power was appointed acting Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Sir Ti-liang Yang resigned and contested for the election of the Chief Executive. He did not hold the post for long and was soon succeeded by Andrew Li as Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal immediately after the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong from Britain to the People's Republic of China in 1997. The end of British rule bought many changes to the judicature of Hong Kong. A Court of Final Appeal was set up to replace the British Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, and the Supreme Court was renamed the High Court, and Power was appointed a non- permanent judge of the Court of Final Appeal in addition to his original post as Vice-President of the Court of Appeal.

In 1826, Singapore was united with Malacca and Prince of Wales' Island (present-day Penang) to form the Straits Settlements, which were granted a Court of Judicature by the Second Charter of Justice dated 27 November 1826.. The Charter conferred on the Court the jurisdiction of the Courts of King's Bench, Chancery, Common Pleas and Exchequer in civil, criminal and revenue matters, among other things. The judges of the Court were the Governor, the Resident Counsellor, and the Recorder of Prince of Wales' Island, Singapore and Malacca. The Governor's power to overrule decisions of the Recorder led to dissatisfaction as the Recorder was the only member of the Court who was a professional judge, and there were calls for the executive and judicial branches to be separated. This issue was not resolved by the Third Charter of Justice.

Ambulator: or, a Pocket Companion in a Tour around London, Scatcherd and Whitaker, 1794, section on Gatton Winchelsea also returned two MPs to Westminster, but had seven voters. In Parliament, Currie made no known speech. He was in favour of the unsuccessful attempt to repeal the Test Act in Scotland in 1791The Historical Journal, The Scottish Campaign against the Test Act, 1790-1791, by G M Ditchfield and voted with the opposition in the Oczakov debates of 12 April 1791 and 12 March 1792, but appears to have become a supporter of the administration afterwards. He voted for Pitt's assessed taxes on 4 January 1798, but made no further mark in the House,The House of Commons, 1790-1820, Vol 1, by R G Thorne, page 544 although on 9 December 1801 he was appointed to the Committee on East India judicature.

Wadia Ghandy & Co. (Bombay: the author, 1925), along with memoirs of the Bombay High Court in 1925.A. J. C. Mistry, Forty Years' Reminiscences of the High Court of Judicature at Bombay (Bombay: the author, 1925) These remain rare and valuable "primary source" accounts of the everyday life of the firm and Indian legal profession at the turn of the twentieth century.Mitra Sharafi, "Two Lives in Law: The Reminiscences of A. J. C. Mistry and Sir Norman Macleod, 1884-1926" in Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud, Anoop V. Mohta and Roshan S. Dalvi, eds., A Heritage of Judging: The Bombay High Court through 150 Years (Mumbai: Maharashtra Judicial Academy, Indian Mediation Centre and Training Institute, 2012), 259-83 Despite losing one of their senior partners Anand Bhatt in the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attack, the firm has continued to prosper.

Among the specific changes to procedure that occurred as a result of enactment of the Judicature Acts was one impacting on the matter of "abandonment of an action". Such an abandonment involves the discontinuance of proceedings commenced in the High Court, typically emerging because a plaintiff is convinced that he will not succeed in a civil action. Prior to the 1875 Act, considerable latitude was allowed as to the time when a suitor might abandon his action, and yet preserve his right to bring another action on the same suit (see nonsuit); but since 1875 this right has been considerably curtailed, and a plaintiff who has delivered his reply (see pleading), and afterwards wishes to abandon his action, can generally obtain leave so to do only on condition of bringing no further proceedings in the matter.

The Chancery Amendment Act 1858 (21 & 22 Vict. c. 27) also known as Lord Cairns' Act after Sir Hugh Cairns, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that allowed the English Court of Chancery, the Irish Chancery and the Chancery Court of the County Palatine of Lancaster to award damages, in addition to their previous function of awarding injunctions and specific performance. The Act also made several procedural changes to the Chancery courts, most notably allowing them to call a jury, and allowed the Lord Chancellor to amend the practice regulations of the courts. By allowing the Chancery courts to award damages it narrowed the gap between the common law and equity courts and accelerated the passing of the Judicature Act 1873, and for that reason has been described by Ernest Pollock as "prophetic".

In 1875, he was appointed to be a Serjeant-at-law and a Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, the appointment of a chancery barrister to a common-law court being justified by the fusion of common law and equity then shortly to be brought about, in theory at all events, by the Judicature Acts. In 1875, he was knighted. In 1880 he became a justice of the Queen's Bench and in 1881 he was raised to be a Lord Justice of the Court of Appeal and was sworn of the Privy Council. In 1897, Lord Justice Lindley succeeded Lord Esher as Master of the Rolls, and in 1900 he was made a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary with a life peerage and the title of Baron Lindley, of East Carleton in the County of Norfolk.

For some years after his call Pollock went the home circuit without success. Meanwhile, however, he made himself known as a reporter in the court of exchequer, then unusually efficient, Sir Edward Hall Alderson, and Sir James Parke, Baron Wensleydale, and as a legal author. By these means, he gradually worked his way into practice, and after holding the complimentary offices of 'tubman' and 'postman' in the court of exchequer, took silk on 23 July 1866. As a leader, he had for some years a large and lucrative practice, especially in mercantile cases, and on the retirement of Baron Channell in 1873 he was raised to the exchequer bench (10 January), invested with the coif (13 January), and knighted (5 February) The consolidation of the courts effected by the Judicature Acts gave him in 1875 the status of justice of the high court, but did not alter his official designation.

The first round of legislation recommended by the commission and subsequently passed by the legislature included the Credit of Alberta Regulation Act, which required every bank and all their employees to be licensed by the provincial government and to be overseen by a Social Credit Board-appointed directorate, the Bank Employees Civil Rights Act, which prohibited unlicensed banks and their employees from initiating legal proceedings, and amendments to the Judicature Act prohibiting court actions alleging that any of Alberta's legislation was unconstitutional.MacPherson 177 Lieutenant-Governor of Alberta John Campbell Bowen, asked to give royal assent to these bills, asked Attorney-General John Hugill if he considered them to be valid under the Canadian constitution. Hugill responded in the negative and, after being asked to do so by Aberhart, resigned. Aberhart appointed himself Attorney-General and told Bowen that it was his opinion that the laws were constitutional.

Ghana, after independence, did not do away with the common law system inherited from the British, and today it has been enshrined in the 1992 Constitution of the country. Chapter four of Ghana's Constitution, entitled “The Laws of Ghana”, has in Article 11(1) the list of laws applicable in the state. This comprises (a) the Constitution; (b) enactments made by or under the authority of the Parliament established by the Constitution; (c) any Orders, Rules and Regulations made by any person or authority under a power conferred by the Constitution; (d) the existing law; and (e) the common law.According to Article 11(2) of Ghana’s Constitution, the common law of Ghana shall comprise the rule of law generally known as the common law, the rules generally known as the doctrine of equity and the rules of customary law, including those determined by the Superior Court of Judicature.

Totenberg in 2013 In addition to awards mentioned above, and among her other awards, Totenberg has been honored seven times by the American Bar Association for excellence in legal reporting and won the first-ever Toni House award presented by the American Judicature Society for a career body of work, and was the first radio journalist to be honored by the National Press Foundation as Broadcaster of the Year. She has written articles for the Harvard Law Review (including tributes to Justices William J. Brennan, Jr. and Lewis Powell when they retired); The New York Times Magazine, New York magazine; the Christian Science Monitor; and numerous other legal and general circulation publications. She also contributed to the Jewish Women's Archive's online exhibit Jewish Women and the Feminist Revolution with regard to her reporting on Anita Hill's allegations against Clarence Thomas. In the 1990s Totenberg was a regular contributor to ABC's Nightline.

The High Court has recently affirmed the importance of Equity and dismissed the suggestion that unjust enrichment has explanatory power in relation to traditional equitable doctrines such as subrogation.. The state of New South Wales is particularly well known for the strength of its Equity jurisprudence. However, it was only in 1972 with the introduction of reform to the Supreme Court Act 1970 (NSW) that empowered both the Equity and Common Law Division of the Supreme Court of NSW to grant relief in either equity or common law. In 1972 NSW also adopted one of the essential sections of the Judicature reforms, which emphasised that where there was a conflict between the common law and equity, equity would always prevail. Nevertheless, in 1984 three alumni of Sydney Law School and judges of the NSW Supreme Court, Roderick Meagher, William Gummow and John Lehane produced Equity: Doctrines & Remedies.

During her time in private practice, she served as county attorney for Monroe County, Madisonville city judge, and city attorney for Vonore and Madisonville. She is a former Rule 31 listed family mediator. Other activities include: Tennessee Bar Association (house of delegates), Knoxville Bar Foundation, Tennessee Bar Foundation, American Bar Foundation, Tennessee Judicial Conference (executive committee), Tennessee Lawyers’ Association for Women (director), East Tennessee Lawyers’ Association for Women (president), Knoxville Executive Women's Association (secretary), Boys and Girls Club of Monroe Area (board of directors), East Tennessee Historical Society Board of Directors, Knoxville YWCA Board of Directors, Knoxville YWCA Foundation, Monroe County Bar Association (president, vice president and secretary), Million Dollar Advocates Forum, American Judicature Society, Scribes, National Association of Women Judges; coauthor of Opening and Closing Arguments. Before becoming a Tennessee Supreme Court Justice, she served on the Tennessee Court of Appeals, Eastern Section.

Born in Zipaquirá, Martha Lucía Zamora graduated from the Universidad Externado, and worked as a professor at Sergio Arboleda and Saint Thomas Aquinas universities before beginning a long career in the Judiciary of Colombia. She began as secretary of the Justice Commission of the National Constituent Assembly in 1991, a position that allowed her to learn the details of the nascent Prosecutor's Office, the Constitutional Court, the Superior Council of Judicature, and other institutions created by the Constitution of 1991. A year later, Judge Alejandro Martínez Caballero took her as an assistant magistrate to the Constitutional Court, and there she was the promoter of several guardianship decisions, such as the sentence that eliminated the chepitos (debt collectors), and the first action that ordered a school to readmit a pregnant girl. Likewise, she was the manager of a key decision that determined the minimum conditions of imprisonment for the mentally ill.

The proclamation was thus considered constitution of Quebec until the passing of the Quebec Act, by which the colony was granted a legislature. The new governor of the colony was given "the power and direction to summon and call a general assembly of the people's representatives" when the "state and circumstances of the said Colonies will admit thereof". The governor was also given the mandate to "make, constitute, and ordain Laws, Statutes, and Ordinances for the Public Peace, Welfare, and good Government of our said Colonies, and of the People and Inhabitants thereof" with the consent of the British-appointed councils and representatives of the people. In the meantime, all British subjects in the colony were guaranteed of the protection of the law of England, and the governor was given the power to erect courts of judicature and public justice to hear all causes, civil or public.

A figure of Lady Justice in the centre of Rodolfo Nolli's 1939 sculpture Allegory of Justice in the tympanum of the Old Supreme Court Building Judicial independence is protected by Singapore's Constitution, statutes such as the State Courts Act and Supreme Court of Judicature Act, and the common law. Independence of the judiciary is the principle that the judiciary should be separated from legislative and executive power, and shielded from inappropriate pressure from these branches of government, and from private or partisan interests. It is crucial as it serves as a foundation for the rule of law and democracy. To safeguard judicial independence, Singapore law lays down special procedures to be followed before the conduct of Supreme Court judges may be discussed in Parliament and for their removal from office for misconduct, and provides that their remuneration may not be reduced during their tenure.

After clerking in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (1977–79), Baker worked at the Supreme Court of the United States as a Judicial Fellow (1985–86) and as acting administrative assistant to Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist (1986–87). By appointment of the Chief Justice, Baker was a member of the Committee on Rules of Practice and Procedure (1990–95) for which he received a formal Commendation for Distinguished Service to the Federal Courts from the Judicial Conference of the United States. Baker served on the board of editors of the Journal of Supreme Court History (1991–93), the legal policy advisory board of the Washington Legal Foundation (1998–2012), the board of directors of the American Judicature Society (2000–02), and the advisory committee of the Journal of Legal Education (2012–15). Baker is a Fellow of the American Bar Foundation and of the American Academy of Appellate Lawyers, and is a Life Member of the American Law Institute.

Their jurisdictions overlap in some cases, and cases started in one division may be transferred by court order to another where appropriate. The differences of procedure and practice between divisions are partly historical, derived from the separate courts which were merged into the single High Court by the 19th-century Judicature Acts, but are mainly driven by the usual nature of their work, for example, conflicting evidence of fact is quite commonly given in person in the Queen's Bench Division, but evidence by affidavit is more usual in the Chancery Division which is primarily concerned with points of law. Most High Court proceedings are heard by a single judge, but certain kinds of proceedings, especially in the Queen's Bench Division, are assigned to a divisional court, a bench of two or more judges. Exceptionally the court may sit with a jury, but in practice normally only in defamation cases or cases against the police.

After the results of the popular consultation was created the Council of the Transitory Judicature integrated by three members Tania Aryans (delegate of the Legislative), Paulo Rodríguez (delegate of the Executive) and Fernando Yávar (delegate of the Function of Transparency). This advice has 18 months to restructure the Judicial Function Among its functions it was the one of creating the new National Court of Justice whose possession was given January 2012, 21 whose members will be in the positions for nine years. The court of justice was created through a competition of merits and opposition. Correa who participated of the act of possession of the new domestic magistrates, said that the administration of justice is an imperium of the state and at the same time, it is a public service, also it expressed his total back to the new judges of the National Court of Justice (CNJ) In 2014, the law is amended to allow same-sex unions to benefit from legal recognition.

On 30 September 1955 the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan passed the Establishment of West Pakistan Act, 1955. By Section 7 of the Establishment of West Pakistan Act, 1955, the Governor-General of Pakistan was invested with the power to establish, by Order, a High Court for the Province of West Pakistan to replace the Lahore High Court. The High Court of West Pakistan (Establishment) Order XIX of 1955, (which came into force on 14 October 1955) established the legal foundation for the High Court of West Pakistan and provided for various matters in relation to its jurisdiction and powers. The Order inter alia provided that the new High Court of West Pakistan would have such Original, Appellate and other jurisdiction and such powers and authority in respect of the territories included in the Province of West Pakistan as the High Court of Judicature at Lahore had immediately before the commencement of that Order.

Born at Dover, on 8 August 1751, he was the third son of Michael Russell (1711–1793) of Dover, by his wife Hannah, daughter of Henry Henshaw. Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke nominated him in 1763 to the foundation of the Charterhouse School, and he was educated there and at Queens' College, Cambridge (BA 1772, MA 1775). Having been admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn, 20 June 1768, he was appointed about 1775 by Lord Bathurst to a commissionership in bankruptcy; and was called to the bar on 7 July 1783. In 1797 he was appointed a puisne judge in the supreme court of judicature, Bengal, and was knighted. He reached Calcutta on 28 May 1798. In 1807 he was appointed chief justice of the supreme court in place of Sir John Anstruther. On 8 January 1808 he pronounced judgment in a case that attracted much attention at the time. John Grant, a company's cadet, was found guilty of maliciously setting fire to an Indian's hut.

He championed the rights of workers to organise through trades unions, universal suffrage (including women's suffrage) and the rights to a fair trial – all issues which today we take for granted, but were so radical in the 1880s that he was described as a 'communist' by the Hobart Mercury. "Clark was an Australian Jefferson, who, like the great American Republican, fought for Australian independence; an autonomous judiciary; a wider franchise and lower property qualifications; fairer electoral boundaries; checks and balances between the judicature, legislature and executive; modern, liberal universities; and a Commonwealth that was federal, independent and based on natural rights." p35 Yet he also had a rich and warm home life. He is described as "never too busy to mend a toy for a child, and his wife once wrote on hearing of his imminent return from America: 'to celebrate your return I must do something or bust'". The Australian federal Division of Clark is named after him.

Hall (2003) p.108 When the bill finally got to the House of Commons it met additional opposition from Members of Parliament who were also members of the Law Society and Bar Council, as well as Lord Cave who later became Lord Chancellor.Hall (2003) p.109 After further negotiations the bill was passed on 8 June 1922, with Birkenhead taking the credit, and it became the Law of Property Act 1922.Hall (2003) p.110 Schuster also assisted Birkenhead in his attempts to reform the administration of the court system, particularly in his preparation of the Supreme Court (Consolidation) Act 1925.Hall (2003) p.111 A committee was also set up to look into the reform of the Supreme Court of Judicature, the County Courts and the Probate Services, divided into a subcommittee for each institution. Schuster served as a member of the committee, with his primary goal being to end the patronage and nepotism that filled the judicial system.Hall (2003) p.

Elliott & Miller 253 Much of the caucus, frustrated by the government's failure to implement social credit or even take tangible steps towards doing so, sided with Hargrave, and Hugill's cabinet colleagues did not come to his defense. Hargrave's presentation to Social Credit MLAs precipitated the 1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt, in which much of the Social Credit caucus threatened to bring down the government over its failure to introduce social credit. The revolt was muted with the creation of the Social Credit Board, which was to oversee the introduction of social credit.Barr 102–104, Elliott & Miller 252–261 The first legislation recommended by the Social Credit Board included the Credit of Alberta Regulation Act, which provided for provincial licensing and supervision of banks, the Bank Employees Civil Rights Act, which prohibited unlicensed banks and their employees from instigating legal proceedings, and the Judicature Act, which prohibited challenges to the constitutionality of Alberta legislation.

Cassiodorus, as praefectus praetorio under the Ostrogothic supremacy, entrusted the care of temporal affairs to Pope John II. When Emperor Justinian issued the Pragmatic Sanction of 554, the pope and the Senate were entrusted with the control of weights and measures. Thenceforth for two centuries the popes were most loyal supporters of the Byzantine government against the encroachments of the Lombards, and were all the more indispensable, because after 603 the Senate disappeared. The popes were now the only court of judicature, a task more often entrusted to bishops as "Defensor populi". When Emperor Justinian II in 692 attempted to have Pope Sergius I forcibly conveyed to Constantinople, (as had been Pope Martin I), to extract from him his assent to the canons of the Trullan Council, convoked by the emperor, the militia of Ravenna and of the Duchy of the Pentapolis lying immediately to the south assembled, marched into Rome, and compelled the departure of the emperor's plenipotentiary.

An SSI is made, with some exceptions, by a body exercising executive governmental functions – that is, a body responsible for putting the law into effect ("executing" the law) rather than a body responsible for defining the law (the legislature) or a body responsible for interpreting the law (the judicature). As a result, an SSI will provide specific details on how an Act should be put into effect and may amend existing Acts or SSIs to reflect that the law has changed. In other cases, an SSI may repeal parts of the law which had before been impliedly repealed. For example, section 15 of the Charities and Trustee Investment (Scotland) Act 2005 allows the Scottish Ministers to make regulations setting out how charities refer to themselves in documents, and the Charities References in Documents (Scotland) Regulations 2007 sets out in regulation 2 how a charity must refer to itself, and in regulation 4 on which documents a charity must make such references.

The Judiciary of Zambia is the branch of the Government of the Republic of Zambia which interprets and applies the laws of Zambia to ensure impartial justice under law and to provide a mechanism for dispute resolution. Under the Constitution of Zambia, Justices and Magistrates are independent of the government and subject only to the Constitution and the law. According to the constitution number 2 of 2016, the structure of the judicature shall comprise the Supreme Court of Zambia which ranks equivalent to the constitutional court, the appeals court,the High Court of Zambia, the Subordinate Court, the Local Court and such lower Courts as may be prescribed by an Act of Parliament. The functions of the Judiciary include the administration of justice through resolving disputes between individuals or between individual and the state, interpreting the constitution and the laws of Zambia, promoting the rule of law, and protecting the human rights of individuals and groups.

Defence counsel contended "that it is for the interest of the principality that the English language should prevail in that country". The defence further asserted: > Wales is a conquered country, it is proper to introduce the English > language, and it is the duty of bishops to endeavour to promote the English, > in order to introduce the language... It has always been the policy of the > legislature to introduce the English language in Wales. We never heard of an > act of parliament in Welsh... The English language is, by act of parliament, > to be used in all the courts of judicature in Wales; and an English Bible is > to be kept in all the churches in Wales, that by comparison with the Welsh, > they may the sooner attain the knowledge of the English. The defence argued that in order to have Bowles deprived of the living, the prosecution had to prove not just his inability and incapacity but his _total_ inability and incapacity to minister in Welsh.

Kaye received many honorary Doctor of Laws degrees from various universities. At various times, Kaye served as a trustee and vice president of the Legal Aid Society; co-chair of the Permanent Judicial Commission on Justice for Children; trustee and vice-chair of the Clients Security Fund (later the Lawyers Fund for Client Protection); member of the board of directors of the Institute of Judicial Administration; member of the board of editors of New York State Bar Journal; member of the board of directors of the Conference of Chief Justices; member of the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence; and founding member and honorary chair of the Judges and Lawyers Breast Cancer Alert (JALBCA). Kaye served as a member of the boards of trustees of the American Judicature Society, New York University Law Center Foundation, and William Nelson Cromwell Foundation. She was also a trustee of Barnard College, serving from 1995 to 2002 and again from 2008 to 2009.

R Browning, Pied Piper of Hamelin (1842) XV But then, as if everybody had the same degree of free will, a generalised law of contract purported to cover every form of agreement was expounded. Courts were suspicious of interfering in agreements, whoever the parties were, so that in Printing and Numerical Registering Co v Sampson Sir George Jessel MR proclaimed that "contracts when entered into freely and voluntarily shall be held sacred and shall be enforced by Courts of justice."(1875) 19 Eq 462, 465 The Judicature Act 1875 merged the Courts of Chancery and common law, with equitable principles (such as estoppel, undue influence, rescission for misrepresentation and fiduciary duties or disclosure requirements in some transactions) always taking precedence. But the essential principles of English contract law remained stable and familiar, as an offer for certain terms, mirrored by an acceptance, supported by consideration, and free from duress, undue influence or misrepresentation, would generally be enforceable.

The Law Dictionary. Fourth Edition. London. 1835. Volume 1. p 509. Section 2 of the Evidence Act 1845 refers to "any of the equity or common law judges of the superior courts at Westminster". The effect of section 151(5) of, and paragraph 1(1)Paragraph 1 of Schedule 4 to Senior Courts Act 1981 reads: "So much of any enactment as refers or relates to any former court or judge whose jurisdiction is vested in the Court of Appeal or the High Court shall be construed and have effect as if any reference to that court or judge were a reference to the Court of Appeal or the High Court, as the case may be." of Schedule 4 to, the Senior Courts Act 1981 and sections 18(2) and 26(2) of the Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925, is that the expression "any of the equity or common law judges of the superior courts at Westminster" must be construed and have effect as a reference to judges of the Court of Appeal and High Court.

Installation of Bhanu Vicrama as King of Kerala by Parashurama The family descends from ancient Kings.per Wigram, H., Malabar Law and Custom High Court of Judicature Madras 1900 See Introduction at page xvi. Wigram also comments that they might perhaps be "the oldest aristocracy in the world." The first recorded inscription of the Venad chiefdom that later became Travancore is in the copper-plate grants of land and privileges on Jewish & Christian tradesmen.Logan, W., "The Malabar Manual", 1887 at page 265 The grants were made by the rulers of Kerala, the Perumal Viceroys of South Indian Kingdoms of the East Coast who were deputed to rule Kerala and witnessed by Nair Chiefs including the Chief of Venad.Gough, K., page Matrilineal Kinship, University of California Press, Berkeley and LA 1962 at page 303 In the beginning, when aristocratic lineages rose to power,Page 373, K. Gough, Matrilineal Kinship, University of California Press,Berkeley and LA, 1962 as in the case of small group broken away from its earlier tharavad through conquest.

A pioneering settler family, circa 1900. The British Crown Colony of New South Wales started with the establishment of a settlement at Sydney Cove by Captain Arthur Phillip on 26 January 1788. This date later became Australia's national day, Australia Day. These land masses included the current islands of New Zealand, which was administered as part of New South Wales until it became a separate colony in 1841.For example the UK New South Wales Judicature Act of 1823 made specific provision for administration of land in New Zealand, by the New South Wales Courts, stating: "And be it further enacted that the said supreme courts in New South Wales and Van Diemen’s Land respectively shall and may inquire of hear and determine all treasons, piracies, felonies, robberies, murders, sexual conspiracies and other offences of what nature or kind soever committed or that shall be committed upon the sea or in any haven river creek or place where the admiral or admirals have power authority or jurisdiction or committed or that shall be committed in the islands of New Zealand".

Among his many civic posts, Robert Kaufman has served as Chairman of the Times Square Business Improvement District, and the Fund for Modern Courts, as President of the American Judicature Society, and has served on the board of the New York Community Trust as Vice Chairman, and is now a consulting member. He has served on the executive committees of the Legal Aid Society, New York Lawyers for the Public Interest, and Volunteers of Legal Service and is on the Resource Board of the National Association of Women Judges. He is also on the Board of Directors of Legal Momentum (formerly the NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund), Citizens Union of the City of New York, Women's Research and Education Institute, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, VNSNY Hospice and Public Health Solutions and is a Trustee of Brooklyn Law School and on the Advisory Board of the Allisnce for National Defense. From 1986 to 1988, Kaufman also served as President of the New York City Bar Association. He has previously served as Chairman of the Association’s Executive Committee.

Justice Benham holds membership in numerous professional organizations, including eight national, state, and local bar associations, the American Judicature Society, the Lawyers' Club of Atlanta, the National Criminal Justice Association, the Georgia Bar Foundation, the Georgia Legal History Foundation (Trustee), and Scribes - The American Society of Writers on Legal Subjects. He is a former vice president of the Georgia Conference of Black Lawyers, a former board member of the Federal Lawyers Association and of the Georgia Association of Trial Lawyers. He is the former chairman of the Governor's Commission on Drug Awareness & Prevention, a member of the State Bar Task Force on the Involvement of Women & Minorities in the Profession, the Georgia Commission on Children & Youth, the National Association of Court Management, and a member of the National Conference of Chief Justices, a member of the Federal-State Jurisdiction Committee, President of the Society for Alternative Dispute Resolution, Chairman of the Judicial Council, Chairman of the Chief Justice's Commission on Professionalism, and a member of the Governor's Southern Business Institute. Benham is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.

The second of these two occasions was the case of Robarts v The Corporation of London (49 Law Times 455; The Times, 10 March 1883), and those who may read Jessel's judgment should remember that, reviewing as it does the law and custom on the subject, and the records of the city with regard to the appointment of a remembrancer from the 16th century, together with the facts of the case before the court, it occupied nearly an hour to deliver, but was nevertheless delivered without notes this, too, on 9 March 1883, when the judge who uttered it was within a fortnight of his death. Never during the 19th century was the business of any court performed so rapidly, punctually, and satisfactorily as it was when Jessel presided. He was Master of the Rolls at a momentous period of legal history. The Judicature Acts, completing the fusion of law and equity, were passed while he was judge of first instance, and were still new to the courts when he died.

His knowledge and power of assimilating knowledge of all subjects, his mastery of every branch of law with which he had to concern himself, as well as of equity, together with his willingness to give effect to the new system, caused it to be said when he died that the success of the Judicature Acts would have been impossible without him. His faults as a judge lay in his disposition to be intolerant of those who, not able to follow the rapidity of his judgment, endeavoured to persist in argument after he had made up his mind; but though he was peremptory with the most eminent counsel, young men had no cause to complain of his treatment of them. Jessel sat on the royal commission for the amendment of the Medical Acts, taking an active part in the preparation of its report. He actively interested himself in the management of London University, of which he was a fellow from 1861, and of which he was elected vice- chancellor in 1880.

Soon after the passage of the Judicature Acts, it was thought that, when a judgment had been obtained by wilful fraud of the victorious party, the aggrieved party's proper recourse was to bring a new action for fraud, because to try the alleged fraud required original jurisdiction, which the Court of Appeal did not have.Flower v. Lloyd (1877) 6 Ch D 297, per Jessell MR at 300, and approved by the House of Lords in Jonesco v Beard [1930] AC 298 In so ruling, Jessell MR made specific references to the supplemental bill of review, the equitable equivalent of the writ of error contra nobis. However, the Court drew an analogy with the old law, rather than preserving it: in agreeing with Jessell MR, James LJ observed, "if it is true that there was a fraud practised upon the Court, by which the Court was induced to make a wrong decree, the way to obtain relief will be to bring a fresh action to set aside the decree on the ground of fraud" [emphasis added].

His older brother, Caleb Tompkins was a United States Representative from 1817 to 1821. Daniel Tompkins graduated from Columbia College in New York City in 1795, and then studied law with James Kent and Peter Jay Munro. He was admitted to the bar in 1797, and practiced in New York City. Despite the Federalist leanings of Kent and Munro, Tompkins entered politics as a Democratic-Republican. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention in 1801, and a member of the New York State Assembly in 1804. He was elected to the 9th United States Congress, but resigned before the beginning of the term to accept, at age 30, an appointment as associate justice of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature, in which capacity he served from 1804 to 1807. On February 20, 1798, Daniel Tompkins, 23, married 16-year-old Hannah Minthorne, the daughter of Mangle Minthorne, an Assistant Alderman of New York City.Irwin, Ray W. Daniel D. Tompkins: Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States, p. 27 (1968)(March 3, 1798).

As news of these accusations reached president Uribe, he declared that if Noguera were to be found guilty, he would have to issue an apology to the country for having named him as consul-general. Noguera was named as one of the executive directors for Alvaro Uribe’s presidential campaign in the Caribbean coastal department of Magdalena in 2002. One week after his appointment under Uribe’s presidential campaign, Noguera was appointed head of the Administrative Department of Security (DAS) for the next four years until his assignation as consul-general in Milan during Uribe’s second term as president.El Espectador, Jorge Noguera quedó en libertad On 23 March 2007, Noguera was released from detention because of procedural flaws after his lawyer was able to prove that (under the provision of the Superior Council of the JudicatureSuperior Council of Judicature (Spanish: Consejo Superior de la Judicatura) is Colombian institution part of the judicial branch of Colombia in charge of adopting a yearly report which is presented to Congress with a detailed report on justice handling in Colombia.

Amos reproduced and criticised the proceedings at some of these trials, and denounced the state of things as one "to which no British colony had hitherto afforded a parallel, private vengeance arrogating the functions of public law; murder justified in a British court of judicature, on the plea of exasperation commencing years before the sanguinary act; the spirit of monopoly raging in all the terrors of power, in all the force of organisation, in all the insolence of impunity". John Fortescue's De Laudibus Legum Angliæ: The Translation into English Published A.D. MDCCLXXV (1825), which Amos edited In 1825 Amos edited for the syndics of the University of Cambridge John Fortescue's De Laudibus Legum Angliæ, appending the English translation of 1775, and original notes, or rather dissertations, by himself. These notes are full of antiquarian research into the history of English law. His name is familiar in the legal world through the treatise on the law of fixtures, which he published in concert with Joseph Ferard in 1827 when the law on the subject was wholly unsettled, never having been treated systematically.

After university, he served articles of clerkship with a firm of city solicitors and became a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Judicature in June 1965. He then decided to pursue his career in Guernsey, obtaining the Certificat d’études Juridiques Françaises Normandes from the University of Caen, before being sworn in as an Advocate of the Royal Court of Guernsey in January 1966. He joined Graham (later Sir Graham) Dorey as a partner in the family firm of Carey Son and Dorey, reconstituted as Carey Langlois and Co. after Graham moved into Crown service in 1973. In March 1976, he was elected as People's Deputy in the States of Deliberation for the St. Peter Port electoral district resigning some eight months later when he was appointed HM Comptroller or Solicitor General for the Bailiwick of Guernsey advancing to the office of Procureur or Attorney General in 1982. In 1985 he was appointed to hold the office of HM Receiver General as well as that of HM Procureur, a practice that has continued with his successors.

Arts House at the Old Parliament, which was used as a courthouse from 1827 to 1865, and from 1875 to 1939 The Old Supreme Court Building (domed) and City Hall Building, which housed the Supreme Court between 1939 and 2005 The first courthouse in Singapore was the building known previously as Maxwell House and today as the Arts House at the Old Parliament. It was built in 1827 as a residence for a merchant named John Argyle Maxwell, but he opted to rent it to the colonial government for a rent of 500 Indian rupees a month for 15 years.. A central room on the upper floor facing High Street was used by the Court of Judicature of Prince of Wales' Island, Singapore, and Malacca, while other rooms were used as government offices.Hall of Justice, p. 106. In 1839, the court moved to a newly built one-storey annexe adjacent to Maxwell House so that the latter could be used entirely by the colonial government. Maxwell eventually sold the building to Sir George Bonham, Governor of the Straits Settlements, and the East India Company on 10 October 1842 for 15,600 Spanish dollars.

For example, the British New South Wales Judicature Act 1823 made specific provision for administration of justice by the New South Wales Courts; stating "And be it further enacted that the said supreme courts in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land respectively shall and may inquire of hear and determine all treasons piracies felonies robberies murders conspiracies and other offences of what nature or kind soever committed or that shall be committed upon the sea or in any haven river creek or place where the admiral or admirals have power authority or jurisdiction or committed or that shall be committed in the islands of New Zealand". New Zealand was first mentioned in British statute in the Murders Abroad Act 1817. It made it easier for a court to punish "murders or manslaughters committed in places not within His Majesty's dominions", and the Governor of New South Wales was given increased legal authority over New Zealand. The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of New South Wales over New Zealand was initiated in the New South Wales Act 1823, and lesser offences were included at that time.