1000 Sentences With "ennobled" | Random Sentence Generator

She often looks beautiful in her suffering: ennobled, transfigured, elegant.

She was ennobled in 2014 by the then Prime Minister David Cameron.

Parasite doesn't patronize them by pretending they are ennobled by their poverty.

They ennobled democracy by giving it a sense of destiny and high moral purpose.

Bronn the mercenary is also a recently ennobled lord with dubious prospects of governing justly and sustainably.

It is not simply feral id, but rather id ennobled, harnessed in the interest of protecting others.

Mr Farage should be ennobled at once, along with a few of his colleagues, peerless fools though they may be.

Ritz, in his too-small shoes, may have felt ennobled by the presence of Princess Alexandra and the Duc d'Orléans.

Anyway, I don't want to lose that belief, just the man who ennobled me to possess it in the first place.

So is ennobled suffering, though he imbues his characters with enough flawed humanity that they come across as people, not icons.

To trim the Commons while stuffing the Lords (more than 250 new peers were ennobled under David Cameron's government) is democratically dubious.

Because of this long history of service, the family was ennobled in 1805, which accounts for the "af" in Hilma af Klint.

"Angels in America" suggests that all marginalized minorities, especially those dying in neglect and isolation, are, like prophets, ennobled by their suffering.

But even some of the president's critics say his presence ennobled their injuries and made them feel part of a larger plan.

His mother's family was well connected with the great tapestry artisans of Beauvais, and his father's had been ennobled in the 20053th century.

But the glories belong to Mr. Fiennes as a leader raging with surpassing eloquence and Ms. Okonedo as his queen ennobled by loss.

There was much to be admired, even if his fogeyish views led the newly ennobled presenter to be mocked as 'Lord Clark of "Civilisation".

On this duo album, James Brandon Lewis honors John Coltrane by isolating parts of his compositions, diving into the source material with strident, ennobled conviction.

Trump has abandoned the basic modesty code that has always ennobled the American middle class: Don't brag, don't let your life be defined by gilded luxuries.

Instead, the comedy stars—enabled by the web and ennobled by years of do-it-yourself slogging—have become accustomed to making, and controlling, nearly everything that bears their names.

LORD CLARK OF SALTWOOD, who was ennobled by Harold Wilson in 1969 after the triumph of his epic television series "Civilisation", became known more familiarly as Lord Clark of Civilisation.

The judiciary, the legislative branch and fourth estate – institutions ennobled by the framers of the Constitution and its Bill of Rights – have delineated important limits to the reality-TV star's governance.

Gene Weingarten's pursuit of Clinton's long-dead father broke news, and ennobled a classic Style maxim: Every story, big or small, is somehow about the meaning of life (and life's "might-could'ves").

Carter described in his memoir how his Christian faith pushed him to constantly try to identify with homeless people, drug addicts and destitute families, an exercise that he thought ennobled him and his constituents.

We're only three weeks into the Trump administration, but it's already clear that any hopes that Mr. Trump and those around him would be even slightly ennobled by the responsibilities of office were foolish.

"You will find the future wherever people are having the most fun," Johnson writes, and damned if the human capacity for dawdling over Candy Crush and skipping after shiny objects isn't convincingly ennobled here.

That usually has to do with human connection and death, in a good way: How life is ennobled by the fact of death, and is deeper than what we run around frittering about all day.

The heroic airman in "The Best Years of Our Lives" returned to work as a soda jerk in another; ennobled by the theater of war, he chafed at his diminishment in the feminine one of trade.

More than its fresh sound — a fusing of metal with punk — more than articulating a generation's disillusionment with capitalist culture, the appeal of grunge, for me, was this: It reflected and ennobled the blue-collar world I knew.

The great-grandson of a Jewish silk merchant who had been ennobled by the Hapsburg emperor, Hofmannsthal had been dazzling the Viennese literary world with his poetry since he was a high school student in the early 22004s.

But what remains of its sparse record, its ennobled settings for the underprivileged, demonstrates the possibility for art and architecture to not only serve as a balm for a turbulent history but also as an alternative to it.

Ms. Neely had taught prison inmates, fought for abortion rights, assailed violence against women and, through her activism and storytelling, ennobled working mothers, defied stereotypes and confronted bigotry and class discrimination, both directed against blacks and within the black community.

There are four main protagonists: The Marschallin; her lover, Count Octavian Rofrano; the lecherous cousin Baron Ochs (pronounced "ox" rather than "oaks" for obvious reasons); and the Baron's prospective fiancée, Sophie von Faninal, daughter of a recently ennobled bourgeois arms dealer, Herr von Faninal.

From the 295s to the '80s, Mr. Hutchinson, ennobled by the British royal family in 1978 as Lord Hutchinson of Lullington, joined or led legal teams in some of the most celebrated cases of that era, establishing himself as a top criminal defense lawyer.

Contemporary Western historians all too often see it simply as a victim of colonialism: a country to be pitied and ennobled, and with which greater powers had their way, rather than as a polity that has done what any other polity does: make the best of suboptimal situations.

" Yet Robert E. Lee—subsequently ennobled for not actually leading a backwoods guerrilla campaign—never made a statement accepting the new order, never said, in the language of the time, something like: "A great struggle has gone on, and Providence has settled the question on the anti-slavery side.

All it takes is one ideology-driven lawyer or documentarian crafty enough to make the case a cause célèbre and suddenly the victims' families get to spend the rest of their lives going to hearings, or, worse, see their loved ones' killer ennobled and released on a technicality.

A touching triumphalism glitters throughout: Here is a grinning Paul Robeson, a laughing Dionne Warwick, a regal Sidney Poitier, and a determined little girl at an integrated elementary school in Princeton, N.J. Standing at the chalkboard in a white, buttoned-up blouse, she, too, is ennobled as an icon of back history.

Robert Lipsyte in the New York Times Magazine in 1971, after Ali returned to boxing after being banned due to his opposition to the draft and just before his famous fight with Frazier: He feels superior to boxing, a gift to boxing, a hero of history who has temporarily ennobled a sordid and ungrateful sport.

"It's a person having a cinematic experience of themselves and seeing an image of their own true spirit and feeling ennobled by that and strengthened and starting to take their own actions in the world, speak their own words, even though their own personal words are sort of wild and seemingly crazy to enact," Kuhn says.

The scandalous high-water mark of du Rivage's iconography occurs in January of 1775, when Pitt (now ennobled as the Earl of Chatham) brought Franklin, then living in London, into the House of Lords to witness his speech on behalf of the American radicals, in effect sealing the unity of the single party across the ocean.

First, there was a stronger religious element in midcentury culture, visible both in the general postwar religious revival and in the particular theological-intellectual flowering that Jacobs's subjects embodied, which rooted midcentury humanism in a metaphysical understanding of human life — an understanding that both ennobled acts of artistic creation and justified a strong interest in the human person's interiority, his actual person as opposed to just his brain chemistry or social role.

Among her descendants were those ennobled as the Burke Baronets.

The Höchstetter were ennobled by Imperial patent, 1518, as Höchstetter von Burgwalden.

He and his five children were ennobled under the surname Björnstjerna in 1760.

Stein was ennobled on April 27, 1878, in Vienna by Emperor Franz Josef I.

He was ennobled by letters patent under the name Munthe af Morgenstjerne in 1755.

Herman Petersen ennobled af Petersens (29December 171313August 1765) was a Swedish merchant and entrepreneur.

He was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) in the kazoku peerage system.

The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

In 1808 he was ennobled by Napoleon and became Duke of Valmy.Dunn-Pattinson, p. 321.

Later, he made himself ennobled as a claimant to the descent from hetman Ostap Gogol.

The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Several of them were ennobled as a result and admitted into the ranks of the szlachta.

Philipp was ennobled by his father and became the ancestor of the current Barons von Cornberg.

He was ennobled by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria for his share in Maximilian's enterprise.

Johan Lorentz Carstens (13 May 1705 – 19 June 1745) was a Dutch-Danish landowner who was ennobled.

Some coats of arms, painted on vellum for newly ennobled patrons, survive in the city archives in Frankfurt.

The de Meeûs family, formerly Meeûs, is a bourgeois of Brussels family that was ennobled by Leopold I.

The other son, Charles Dundas, was an MP for nearly 50 years before being ennobled as Baron Amesbury.

For his merit, he was appointed Captain of the Serbian militia in Arad and ennobled by Emperor Joseph I.

For his educatorial achievements he was ennobled in 1704, and was given numerous awards and gifts by the Tsar.

He expanded his business to form the Distillers Company, was ennobled in 1919 as Baron Dewar, and died in 1930.

Konstantin von Höfler Konstantin von Höfler was a German church and general historian, publicist, ennobled anti-nationalist politician and poet.

On 30 June 1964, he was ennobled as Baron Inglewood, of Hutton in the Forest in the County of Cumberland.

George Steevens, finding an analogy in The Rape of Lucrece, glosses it as "entitled (ie, ennobled) by these things." Nicolaus Delius has it "established in thy gifts, with right of possession." Sidney Lee has "ennobled in thee", reversing the relationship between beloved and "parts." It is commonly agreed that the image is drawn from heraldry.

Both Portuguese and Brazilian nobility formerly used the term ("grandee"), to designate a higher rank of noblemen. The Brazilian system, for instance, automatically deemed dukes, marquises and counts (as well as archbishops and bishops) ("Grandees of the Empire", or literally translated as "Great Ones of the Empire"). Viscounts and barons could also be ennobled with or without ("grandeeship", alternatively "greatness"). Viscounts ennobled with grandeeship displayed a Count's coronet on their coat of arms, and Barons ennobled with grandeeship bore a coat of arms surmounted by a Viscount's coronet.

Leonard Hultman's son in his second marriage, Karl Hultman, was ennobled Carlsköld. The second line, called the Keijser line, is descended from the rittmeister Leonhard Keijser (born 1687 in Karlstad, dead 24 January 1756 at Länsö, Börstil, Uppland), who was ennobled, as mentioned above, with Johan Hultman 20 December 1719. His wife, Altéa Fredrika Meijer (dead 1759 or 1760), was a daughter of the tradesman in Liège, Conrad Meijer, and Anna Katarina de Besche, who in turn was daughter of Georg de Besche, ennobled de Besche (1641-1711) and Althea Bothler (1646-1704) (see above).

Owner Franz Mayr (1810–1889) was ennobled in 1859 with the title "of Melnhof". In 1872 he received the title baron.

The descendants of which were ennobled in 1884 and retained the title of Viscounts until 1946 when the system was abolished.

In 1776 he became a White Knight at a cost of 10,000 rigsdaler and was ennobled by letter patent in 1783.

The Toth alias Soky family (initially Tott alias Soky) was a Hungarian noble family ennobled in 1647 by King Ferdinand III.

He was ennobled in 1776, and made patrician by the Trieste city council in 1779. He died in Trieste in 1791.

The name of Banff, by which the family was afterwards ennobled, seems to be derived from the ancient thanedom of Boyne.

Hans Diderik de Brinck-Seidelin Post Master-General Hans Seidelin (1665-1740), a great grandson of Michel Seidel, was ennobled in 1731. His daughter, Sophie Seidelin (1693-1741) married royal confessionarius Iver Brinck (1719-1728). Their son, Hans Didrik Brinck- Seidelin (1720-1778), owner of Stamhuset Hagested, was ennobled under the name Brinck-Seidelin in 1752.

Bleichröder was only the second Jew in Prussia to be ennobled. Bleichröder was preceded only by Abraham Oppenheim, another banker close to the regime, ennobled four years earlier. The German-American historian Fritz Stern wrote a double-biography of Otto von Bismarck and Gerson von Bleichröder, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire .

Peter Jansen Wessel was a Norwegian/Danish naval hero who for his braveness was ennobled under the name Tordenskiold. It happened by letter of nobility on 24 February 1716. Peter Tordenskiold died in a young age and without issue, wherefore this noble dignity became extinct. Peter Tordenskiold's brother was in 1720 ennobled under the name von Wessel.

When nobility was granted by the union kings, even new arms were granted, often being the ennobled person's former arms with some additional charges (e.g. Herman Løvenskiold in 1739). Many of the ennobled person had direct influence on their new arms, especially those who paid a considerable amount of money to the king himself for the ennoblement (e.g. Gyldenkrantz).

The Danish captain was badly wounded and died during the battle. After the battle, Owen Coxe was ennobled under the name Siölöw.

In 1795, Bingham was further ennobled in the Peerage of Ireland as Earl of Lucan, of Castlebar in the County of Mayo.

The family was ennobled in Estonia, Livonia, Courland, Oesel, Swedish Nobility and Finnish Nobility. Only the last two are still recognized today.

Gabriel von Max Gabriel Cornelius Ritter von Max (ennobled in 1900; 23 August 1840 – 24 November 1915) was a Prague-born Austrian painter.

The Finnish House of Nobility (; ) carries on the tradition of the Estate of Nobility, but no new families have been ennobled since 1906.

Craig, page 220 He held a number of senior posts in the Cabinet, and was ennobled in 1908 as Viscount Morley of Blackburn.

Wilhelmina Stålberg, Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor (Notes on Swedish women)Svenska Familj-Journalen Her brother Samuel published her writings in the Swedish Official Gazette, making her the first Swedish war correspondent.akerhielm.info After the death of Königsmarck in 1688, she lived with Charlotta De la Gardie in Stade in the Swedish Province of Bremen in Germany. In 1691, she was ennobled by king Charles, and her name was changed from Agriconia to Åkerhjelm. While women had been ennobled in Sweden before her, she was likely the first woman to have been ennobled for her own actions, rather than that of a male relative.

Although he was one of the richest landowners in Prussia, his estates reverted to the Crown upon his death, since he never left any legitimate heirs. His first mistress, Karoline Friederike Wichmann, with whom he cohabited from 1805 until 1817, bore him four children. She was ennobled as Baroness von Waldenburg. His second mistress was Auguste Arend, later ennobled as Baroness von Prillwitz.

As was usual in Sweden at the time, kept her own surname after her marriage In 1647, her father was ennobled with the surname Rosenbröijer. She took her father's new surname and became known as Agneta Rosenbröijer. Widowed in 1652, she took over the trading business of her late spouse. In 1655, she married the recently ennobled captain Peter von Gertten (d. 1671).

Black, George II, pp. 81–84; Black, Walpole in Power, pp. 29–31, 53, 61. Compton was ennobled as Lord Wilmington the following year.

Zimbert Jenisch was ennobled by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor in 1629. He didn't use his noble title in the republic of Hamburg, however.

Severin Seehausen was in 1720 ennobled under the name Svanenhielm (lit. Swan Helm), which he had adopted after buying the Svanøy Estate in 1719.

Members adopted the Portuguese last name of Nunes da Costa and the Curiel family were ennobled by Joao IV of Portugal 14 June 1641.

On 4 October 1674, Joachim Irgens was ennobled under the name von Westervick, thus becoming a member of the Danish and the Norwegian nobility.

A few very wealthy Jewish families were ennobled after the Toleranzedikt vom 1782 ("1782 Edict of Tolerance") decreed by Emperor Joseph II. Under this Edict, very wealthy Jewish bankers, and later entrepreneurs and industrialists--some of them court Jews--could also be ennobled for their services. Jews had been ennobled mostly, as was common with all newly ennobled families, with lesser noble ranks, but also with peerages such as Freiherr (Baron). The few Jewish families elevated into the nobility were not required to forswear their faith, but some of these families converted to Christianity in order to become more accepted. Although elevation into the nobility meant recognition for civic contributions and services, and entailed a rise in social status, it did not alter the fact that Jews were, for the most part, still only "tolerated" at best.

Seidelin purchased Hagestedgård at Holbæk in 1730 and Holbæk Ladegård in 1732. He was ennobled on 6 April 1731 and appointed as konferensråd in 1732.

On 20 September 1815 he was ennobled and became the first Count Van Hogendorp. When he died, his title passed to his eldest son Willem.

Leopold divided the monopoly into leases and awarded them to Joachim, Israel Edler von Hönigsberg, and Salomon Dobruschka. On 27 May 1790, Joachim was ennobled as the first "Edler von Popper". He was the second Austrian Jew to be ennobled, not having to convert to Catholicism or be baptized in order to do so. Joachim Edler von Popper was also a public figure and benefactor.

When Thugut was appointed internuncio he was also ennobled, being raised to the Ritterstand. After 1775 he travelled in France and Italy, partly on diplomatic service.

Krafft was ennobled in 1719, receiving the surname von Krafft, and awarded the title of court intendant (hovintentendent) in 1720. He died in Stockholm during 1724.

Clemens Ernst Gottlieb von Delbrück (19 January 1856, Halle an der Saale – 17 December 1921, Jena) was a German conservative politician. He was ennobled in 1916.

Some families, representing Finnish officers ennobled for their military merits by the Grand Duchy of Finland, were not introduced, and are thus missing from that list.

He died during 1709 at Ravnstrup and was buried at Gunderslev Church (Gunderslev Kirke) His children were ennobled in 1712 with the surname von der Maase.

A few Icelanders (who formally were Norwegians until 1814) or Icelandic-rooted Danes have been ennobled or noble in Denmark. Prominent are the families Hielmstierne and Rosencrone.

The by-election was caused by the elevation to peerage of the town's Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) George Bowyer, who was ennobled as Baron Denham.

In 1830, his sons were ennobled for their father's accomplishments with the name af Hällström by the Grand Duke of Finland (and Tsar of Russia) Alexander II.

The Barrys were one of Dublin's leading merchant families and were later ennobled with the title Baron Barry of Santry. After Kerdiffe's death she remarried Robert Ball.

Gripenstedt was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences () in 1858. He was ennobled by King Charles as a baron () on 4 May 1860.

Peder Luxdorph (1648 – 5 January 1702) was a Danish landowner and judge who was ennobled in 1679 under the name Luxdorph. He was headmaster of Herlufsholm School.

250px Olof Strömstierna (1664–1730) was a Swedish naval officer and admiral. He was born as Olof Knape but became ennobled under the name Strömstierna in 1715.

During her short reign, to secure support for her rule, she ennobled many families. In a period of fifteen months, she ennobled 181 people, more than any other monarch in Swedish history; one count, two barons and eight lesser noblemen every month. She had seven field marshals where her brother only ever had between three and five. Ulrika Eleonora was in fact in favour of an absolute monarchy.

There are several persons by the name Tanche and similar spellings in Denmark, Norway and Germany. The tradition says that a German by the name Tanche was ennobled by Charles IV of the Holy Roman Empire (reign: 1346–78). It is not known whether Martin Tanche, who was ennobled by the King of Denmark and Norway, belonged to the same families as the Norwegian families Tanche and Tank.

The use of surnames was still quite uncommon in the 17th century among the nobility and the educated class. Furthermore, the concept of hereditary surnames was also limited to a few families. When a family was ennobled, it was usually given a name. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the surname was only rarely the original family name of the ennobled; usually, a more imposing new name was chosen.

The family's progenitor, Mogens Jensen (d. 1528), who was the secretary of Prince Christian (1481–1559), later overlord in Bergenhus and Mayor of Helsingør, was ennobled on 31 May 1505. He married Anna Pedersdatter, who was the daughter of Peder Hansen, Mayor of Helsingør, who himself had been ennobled in 1476 by King Christian I of Denmark. Mogens Jensen was the father of Henrik Mogensen Rosenvinge (d. 1553).

Tadakiyo was the 9th-generation head of the main line of the Makino. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Brothers Martin Düssel (ca. 1690-1746) and Christoffer Düssel (ca. 1698-1770) were by letters patent of 3 August 1716 ennobled under the name von Falkenskiold (‘Falcon Shield’).

Morris was "the most famous industrialist of his age". On New Year's Day 1938 he was ennobled as Viscount Nuffield.New Year Honours.The Times, Saturday, Jan 01, 1938; pg.

In September 1907, Nashiba was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system and served in the House of Peers from 1911 to 1916.

On 27 January 1909, he was ennobled by Wilhelm II, in his capacity as King of Prussia and afterwards known as "Richard von Schubert". He retired in 1911.

Werner wrote numerous books during and after his naval career, and also founded a periodical on maritime topics. He was ennobled in 1901 and died in February 1909.

He was ennobled in 1943. He was made a Knight in the Order of the Dannebrog in 1945 and a Commander in the Order of the Dannebrog in 1854.

The family de la Vallée, is a family of Swedish architects of French origin who was ennobled in Sweden. Their ancestor is the Parisian architect Marin de la Vallée.

Descendants lived from 1634 through 1868 at Mineyama Domain (11,000 koku) in Echigo Province. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

François-Isidore Darquier (1770-1812) was a French soldier in the Revolutionary Wars. He fought and died in the Peninsular War, and was ennobled by Napoleon for doing so.

Descendants lived from 1634 through 1868 at Mineyama Domain (11,000 koku) in Echigo Province. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Lars Benzon sold Aggersvold to Herman Leopoldus in 1737. He was later ennobled under the name Løvenskiold. Løvenskjold's son, Severin Leopoldus Løvenskiold, sold it to Christian Lautrup in 1750.

Hevesy György was born in Budapest, Hungary to a wealthy and ennobled family of Hungarian-Jewish descent, the fifth of eight children to his parents Lajos Bischitz and Baroness Eugénia (Jenny) Schossberger (ennobled as "De Tornya"). Grandparents from both sides of the family had provided the presidents of the Jewish community of Pest. His parents converted to Roman Catholicism. George grew up in Budapest and graduated high school in 1903 from Piarista Gimnázium.

His son Gabriel Emporagrius, born in 1639, was ennobled in 1668 with the name Lillieflycht on account of his father's services. Erik Emporagrius died in Strängnäs on 14 March 1674.

2; Kokura Castle. in Buzen Province. He was a () in the kazoku nobility system. This was because the head of this clan line and his heirs were ennobled in 1884.

John had also inherited the estates of their uncle, Sir Thomas Prendergast, 2nd Baronet, even though Thomas was the oldest son. John was later ennobled as the first Viscount Gort.

He was also president of Wafutsu University, the predecessor of Hosei University. Shortly before his death, he was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system.

The name means anchor. Originally from Sweden, the family became a part of the Patriciate of Norway in the 18th century, and members of the family were ennobled in 1778.

As a reward for his work, Pichler was ennobled. In 1808 Pichler died in Lerchenfeld, which used to be an independent municipality but is nowadays in the territory of Vienna.

Psilander's older brother Johan became Comptroller of the Swedish Navy and was ennobled in 1720 under the name "Psilanderhielm".H G-m (1995-1997). "Psilander, släkt." Svenskt biografiskt lexikon, vol.

His father, Jacques- Annibal Claret de La Tourrette (1692-1776), belonged to Lyon's magistrature and was ennobled by Louis XV, and Marc's brother was the navigator Charles Pierre Claret de Fleurieu.

His great-great-great-grandson Carl Fredrik was ennobled af Wingård (n:o 2159) in 1799 on the merits of his father during the reign of King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden.

Lejonstedt who before knighthood was named Volimhaus, owned the block taking up the north-eastern part of the street in the late-17th century together with his brother Jakob (ennobled Gyllenborg) .

He was ennobled in 1816 and took the name von Hellens. The botanical genus Costus was formerly known as Hellenia after Carl Niclas von Hellens. He died in Turku, aged 74.

Because of his success as a soldier, he was ennobled by the imperial court, which also donated money for a lavish funeral and a huge tomb - the largest extant in Taiwan.

In some cases it is difficult to draw a clear border between old nobility alias the medieval aristocracy and new nobility alias the modern aristocracy. A consensual definition is that new nobility are persons and families who were ennobled by letters patent by Norwegian monarchs, primarily monarchs after and including Queen Margaret. Even though the term ‘new nobility’ is often considered as identical with ‘post-medieval nobility’, a not unconsiderable amount of so-called letter-noble families were ennobled and operated politically and militarily in the Late Medieval Age, among others the Rosenvinge family, ennobled in 1505. Old nobility from Denmark is considered as new nobility in Norway, not least because they represented a new era--that of foreign rule--in Norway's history.

The "reductions" of 1655 and 1680 however brought back most of that land to the crown. Between 1561 and 1680, there thus existed tens of official baronies and counties, fiefs, in the area of Finland. When a family was ennobled, it was usually given a name - just as lordships of England and other Western European countries. In 17th and 18th centuries, he name only rarely was the original family name of the ennobled, rather they chose fanciful new names.

Coat of Arms He was ennobled in 1685. The rules of heraldry accompanying his letters of nobility attributed to him the arms This were canting arms with the semi-vols for "Vollant"..

Following the Meiji Restoration, the final daimyō of Oshi Domain, Matsudaira Tadanori, married a daughter of Prince Fushimi Kuniie and was ennobled with the title of viscount (shishaku) in the kazoku peerage.

Without his leadership the royalists were defeated and soon they broke up into different factions. After the Bourbon Restoration, in honour of the heroism and sacrifices of Cathelineau, his family were ennobled.

Maase or von der Maase is a Danish noble family which is descended from the German-Danish theologian and landowner Hector Gottfried Masius whose children were ennobled by letters patent in 1712.

The Rubido family of Madrid originated in Castile, where they were ennobled in the 12th century. The Croatian branch of that family came to Croatia in the first half of the 19th century.

Hermann Friedrich Alexander Dechend, in 1865 ennobled as von Dechend (2 April 1814 – 30 April 1890), was a senior Prussian civil servant and politician who served as the first President of the Reichsbank.

Later he was rector of the affiliated Realschule. He was ennobled in 1875. His best known results are from triangle geometry. One of the notable triangle points, Nagel point, is named after him.

He did not contest any further elections and died in 1854. Luke's brothers Samuel and Henry were also elected MPs, and Henry was ennobled as ‘Baron Annaly of Annaly and Rathcline’ in 1863.

Franz Xaver von Schönwerth (16 July 1810 - 24 May 1886; born Franz Xaver Schönwerth, ennobled in 1859) was a Bavarian civil servant who was an important collector of folklore in the Upper Palatinate region.

Michael Treschow (5 March 1741 – 5 June 1816) was a Danish Supreme Court justice and prefect of Roskilde County who was ennobled by letter patent in 1812. He was the father of Frederik Treschow.

He then moved to Berlin, where he became professor at the university. He became a conservative member of the Prussian House of Representatives, and because of his services to the monarchical party was ennobled.

Under the Meiji government, he served as imperial governor until the abolition of the han system in 1871. He was subsequently ennobled with the kazoku peerage title of shishaku (viscount). He died in 1936.

One of the other sons, Karl von Kerner served in the Württemberg army, ennobled in 1806 and later becoming Interior Minister, in which capacity he made an important contribution to modernising the steel industry.

Johan Caspar Mylius (22 October 1776 - 15 September 1852) was a Danish military officer and landowner. He was appointed as chamberlain in 1840 and ennobled under the name de Mylius on 14 October 1840.

He possibly confuses Elizabeth Pope with her husband's niece Eleanora or Ellen, Countess of Abingdon, married to another Bertie. His son Edward succeeded to the baronetcy and was later ennobled as Earl of Lichfield.

The seat had become when the 58-year-old sitting Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) John Morrison had been ennobled as Baron Margadale. He had won the seat at a by-election in 1942.

19; Issue 60214; col. G He was President of the Royal Society of Medicine from 1967–69. His son, Robert was ennobled as Baron Maclennan of Rogart. His daughter was the acclaimed Elizabeth MacLennan.

Arcadie bore Leopold two sons, who were ennobled as the Barons d'Eppinghoven by Leopold's nephew, Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. in 1863 Arcadie was also awarded the title of Baronin von Eppinghoven.

Statue of Berzelius in the center of Berzelii Park, Stockholm In 1818 Berzelius was ennobled by King Carl XIV Johan. In 1835, he received the title of friherre.Biographical Dictionary of Scientists ed. T. I. Williams.

Later, he married into the old noble family of Hundbiß von Waltrams from Swabia. His son, Adolf von Schönberger (1804–1880), became a General in the Austrian Cavalry and was ennobled for his military achievements.

In 1950 he received the Davy Medal. From 1932 he was a fellow of the Royal Society. In 1949 he was ennobled. In 1949 he received the Ernest Guenther Award from the American Chemical Society.

On June 11, 1647, Paulus Tott, his brother Joannes, and his son Andreas were ennobled in Pozsony castle by king Ferdinand III. This act has been published on December 3rd of 1648 in Nytra county.

Katherine E. Price, Countess of the Holy Roman Church was an American philanthropist and patroness of various Catholic institutions. She was ennobled in 1936 by Pope Pius XI, having been granted the rank of papal countess.

Gustav Eduard von Hindersin. Gustav Eduard von Hindersin (18 July 1804 - 23 January 1872) was a Prussian general from Wernigerode (now in Saxony-Anhalt). Until 1864, when he was ennobled, his name was Gustav Eduard Hindersin.

Some members were ennobled in the eighteenth century. The first one carrying the combined name of t'Kint de Roodenbeke was Corneille, born in 1720 in Brussels. Today both names still exist separately, as well as combined.

He went on to become one of only three people to have served as Home Secretary, Foreign Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer, before being ennobled in 1940 as Viscount Simon, when he became Lord Chancellor.

After he was ennobled as Baron Nuffield instead of the Morris Organization the whole gallery of all his personal enterprises were promoted as the Nuffield Organization. There was no legal substance to either of these groupings.

Since the 18th century, particularly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, branches of some wealthy or ennobled families began to embrace and convert to the Roman Catholic Church, in some instances due to intermarriage.

For his achievements, Schiller was ennobled in 1802 by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar, adding the nobiliary particle "von" to his name. He remained in Weimar, Saxe-Weimar until his death at 45 from tuberculosis in 1805.

He was appointed to justitsråd in 1774, etatsråd in 1779 and konferensråd in 1784. In 1912, he was appointed to Commander of the Order of the Dannebrog and was later that same year ennobled by letter patent.

In 1784, he was ennobled by lettres patentes (letters patent) from the king Louis XVI (a process known as noblesse de lettres), which added the de Nemours ("of Nemours") suffix to his name to reflect his residence.

Samuel Pearson (1814–1884) was an English entrepreneur and founder of Pearson plc, a leading publishing company listed on the London Stock Exchange. His grandson Weetman Pearson was ennobled, making Samuel Pearson the ancestor of Viscount Cowdray.

His status was also enhanced when he and his brother Peter Julius were ennobled by Queen Christina of Sweden in 1649.Müllern, Gunnar (1963) Förste svensken i Japan. Han som miste Formosa. Stockholm: Saxon & Lindstöms förlag, p.

Peter Johansen (de) Neergaard (24 July 1769 - 9 January 1835) was a Danish landowner. He was one of the largest landowners of his time in Denmark. His father was ennobled under the name de Neergaard in 1788.

Ashburnham's daughter Elizabeth married Sir Hugh Smith, 1st Baronet of Long Ashton. His grandson John was ennobled as Baron Ashburnham in 1689, and his great-grandson as Earl of Ashburnham, a title that became extinct in 1924.

The seat had become vacant when the sitting Labour Co- operative Member of Parliament (MP), Robert Morrison had been ennobled on 16 November 1945 as Baron Morrison. He had held the seat since the 1935 general election.

He was the son of Clementine Oppenheim (1822–1899) and her husband Adolphe de Reinach (1814–1879), Belgian consul in Frankfurt, ennobled in Italy in 1866 and then confirmed as a noble by William I of Germany.

He was later ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system. Later in his life he was also a Privy Councilor (appointed in February 1923) and a member of the House of Peers.

Subsequent to this García made Ladrón conte en Pamplona (count in Pamplona) on the same day that he dubbed and ennobled many in the same city in preparation for the war with Aragon, which never came.Crónica, CCXLV.

Antonio Crutta (, , 1727June 11, 1812) was a diplomat and politician in the Polish court for around 30 years in the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski. For his services, to the Polish state he was ennobled in 1792.

Petschauer, Erich. 1984. "Das Jahrhundertbuch": Gottschee and Its People Through the Centuries. New York: Gottscheer Relief Association, p. 205. The Caprivis were ennobled during the 17th century Ottoman–Habsburg wars, they later moved to Landau in Silesia.

He was respected as a scientist and in 1830 his children were ennobled and subsequently had their surnames changed to af Hällström in recognition of their father's achievements. The minor planet 2640 Hällström is named after him.

The name Linnea is linked to the famous 18th-century Swedish scientist Carl Linnaeus, who was ennobled as Carl von Linné later in life. August 3 is the official name day for Nea, Neea, Linnea and Vanamo.

Dirksen was born into a recently-ennobled familySnyder, Louis, Encyclopedia of the Third Reich, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976 page 68. that had been Prussian civil servants for generations. His father, Willibald, was ennobled by Emperor Wilhelm I in 1887 and was granted a large estate together with Gröditzberg (now Grodziec Castle) in Silesia as a reward for his services to the House of Hohenzollern.Schorske, Carl "Two German Ambassadors: Dirksen and Schulenburg" pages 477–511 from The Diplomats 1919–1939 edited by Gordon A. Craig and Felix Gilbert, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1953 page 478.

In 1932 he was ennobled by King Albert I to the rank of baron, which was then a rare honour for a writer, and ironic given the tone and subject of his books; since he died four days later he was not able to receive the appropriate letters patent and so was unabled to use the title. In October 1934 his widow Nelly Dyserinck was ennobled and styled a baroness. His naturalist play The van Paemel Family (1902) is still being performed regularly. It has also been turned into a movie in 1986.

Nanbu Shrine, where the ancestors of the Nanbu clan are enshrined as kami In the early years of the Meiji era, the main Nanbu line was ennobled with the title of count (hakushaku) in the new peerage system. List of Meiji-era Japanese nobility (accessed 15 August 2008) The Nanbu of Hachinohe and Shichinohe were also ennobled with the title of viscount (shishaku). Count Toshinaga Nanbu, the 42nd generation Nanbu clan chieftain, was an officer of the Imperial Japanese Army, he died in battle during the Russo-Japanese War. Nanbu chūi, p. 30.

The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period. A further cadet branch of the Sakai had been created in 1681, These Sakai were installed in 1681 through 1868 at Isezaki Domain (20,000 koku) in Kōzuke Province. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period. Sakai Tadatoshi (1562–1627) received the fief of Tanaka Domain (10,000 koku) in Suruga Province in 1601; then his holding was transferred in 1609 to Kawagoe Domain (30,000 koku) in Musashi province.

He was ennobled as Amschel Mayer von Rothschild in 1817 and became a Freiherr (Baron) in 1822. Amschel Mayer Rothschild was close to Orthodox Jewish circles, and was referred to by Eastern European Jews as "the pious Rothschild" ().

Conrad Alexander Fabritius (8 August 1731 - 13 September 1805), ennobled by letters patent under the name Fabritius de Tengnagel in 1778, was a Danish merchant, shipowner and patron of the arts. He owned Enrum at Vedbæk from 1776.

The descendants of tozama Sō Yoshitoshi (1568–1615) remained at Tsushima-Fuchū Domain (100,000 koku) in Tsushima Province until the abolition of the han system. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in 1884.

The head of the Sakakibara clan was ennobled with the title of viscount in the kazoku peerage system.Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon; Papinot, (2003). "Sakakibara" at Noblaire du Japon, p. 51.

After her death in 1775, their son, Conrad Fabritius, bought out the other heirs. He constructed a new main building and spend considerable sums on the park. In 1778, he was ennobled under the name Fabritius de Tengnagel.

Pagelsen (1663-1723) but the couple had no children. Christian V granted him Hørbygaard at Holbæk in 1692. He was that same year ennobled. He died on 27 December 1694 in Copenhagen and is buried in Hørby Church.

Karel van Mander d.y. (ca. 1660) Lauritz Galtung (c. 1615-1661) was a Norwegian nobleman and Admiral of the Dano-Norwegian joint fleet. He was ennobled in 1648 at which time his surname was changed from Galte to Galtung.

In 1872 he was awarded the honorary title of Minister of State. He also was awarded nobility with the title of earl. However, for unknown reasons, he did not raise the necessary patent letters and was therefore not ennobled.

Amir Chūpān (; died November 1327), also spelt Choban or Coban, was a Chupanid noble of the Ilkhanate, and nominal general of the Mongol Empire. He was ennobled by Emperor Taiding of Yuan as Duke of Yi (翊國公).

Neergaard was born at Tølløsegård, the eldest son of kancelliråd Johan Thomas Neergaard and Anna Joachimine Qvistgaard (1750-1829). His father was ennobled by letters patent in 1788. Neergaard graduated in law from the University of Copenhagen in 1790 .

Pitha was knight of the Order of Leopold and recipient of the Order of the Iron Crown 2nd class.Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, vol. 26, p. 203 He was ennobled in 1859 and raised to the baronial rank in January 1875.

In 1777 was ennobled as Høegh-Guldberg. In 1780 he received the title of council secretary. Like Struensee, he mostly governed through direct cabinet orders, relying upon his influence on the royal guardians of the mentally ill Christian VII.

The head of this clan line was ennobled as a count in the Meiji period. The present head of the clan, Uesugi Kuninori (born 1942) is a professor at the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Ministry of Education.

Ettore Tolomei Ettore Tolomei (16 August 1865, in Rovereto – 25 May 1952, in Rome) was an Italian nationalist and fascist. He was designated a Member of the Italian Senate in 1923, and ennobled as Conte della Vetta in 1937.

Holm advanced rapidly through the ranks and was ennobled under the surname of Holmskiold in 1781. On the same occasion, he was made a Knight of the Order of the Danneborg and was given the title of Geheimrat (Gehejmeråd).

His physical powers were marvellous, and he required hardly any sleep. He was a great collector of ancient inscriptions. He was ennobled as Duke Mouyong of the First Class ().Herbert Allen Giles, A Chinese Biographical Dictionary, p. 694. (1898).

Never before or since did any official hold the title of inspector-general. He was a frequent guest of Queen Victoria. In 1906, he was ennobled by Franz Joseph I of Austria. He was since styled "Freiherr von Slatin".

Charles-Jean Étienne Gustave Nicolas, baron de la Vallée Poussin (14 August 1866 – 2 March 1962) was a Belgian mathematician. He is best known for proving the prime number theorem. The king of Belgium ennobled him with the title of baron.

His ancestor Ladislaus (Ladislav) Kollár was ennobled in 1593.Constant von Wurzbach, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich... Zwölfter Theil. 1864. Adam F. Kollár died on 10 July 1783 in Vienna, then the capital of the Habsburg Monarchy.Štefan Valentovič, et al.

1, 1960, p. 108 The project was likely undertaken by Joan d’Hostalric-Sabastida i Llull, royal counselor and governor of the counties of Rosselló and Cerdanya, who was ennobled in 1513.DURAN I SANPERE, Agustí. Barcelona i la seva història.

On 22 February 1886, he was naturalized and ennobled by letters patent. Having no sons, the Desmercières noble family died with him just two years later. He is buried at Church of St. George and Mauritius in Flemhude part of Quarnbek.

From 1604 to 1605 he was High Sheriff of Yorkshire. He was elected MP for Yorkshire in 1606 when Francis Clifford was ennobled. Gargrave was given to drinking and gambling. To fund his extravagance he gradually disposed of all his lands.

Published in 1886. In 1457, King Christian I ennobled Björn Þorleifsson. The same honour had been granted Torfi Arason in 1450. Björn was hirðstjóri (a high royal official) in Iceland and as well the richest man in this part of Norway.

However, only a partial edition was published. Acoluthus was in the following accepted as a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Andreal Acoluthus was the father of Johann Karl Acoluthus von Folgersberg, who was ennobled by Charles VI.

In 1581, Gerald Aylmer commenced a new tower in Donadea which was not completed until 1624. It is now the oldest part of the Castle. In 1626, he repaired the medieval church. Gerald was ennobled as the first Baronet of Donadea.

Other families belong to the patriciate because they are held in the same regard and respect as the nobility but for certain reasons never were ennobled. Even within the same important families there can be branches with and without noble titles.

It was widely praised by the Jewish communities in Berlin, Halberstadt, and Suriname. In 1786 he was ennobled (untitled nobility), gaining him the nobiliary particle von before his surname. Dohm died on his estate near Nordhausen on 29 May 1820.

In 1666 Otto von Guericke was ennobled by emperor Leopold I, that apart from entitleling him to add the "von" prefix to his name, was of little consequence. He also altered the spelling of his last name from "Gericke" to "Guericke".

He expressed himself purely through his gardens.Guiffrey, p.18 He became a trusted advisor to Louis XIV, and in 1675 he was ennobled by the King. He and Le Brun even accompanied the court at the siege of Cambrai in 1677.

Reinisch was later awarded with the Military Order of Maria Theresia, was ennobled to Freiherr, later Feldmarschall-Leutnant and Director of the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt.Hof- und Staats- Schematismus des Österreichischen Kaiserthumes Vienna 1834, p. 130. (German) Hirtenfeld, Jaromir.

His father had been ennobled by King Philip VI in March 1338.Fisquet, p. 272. He had a brother named Gauthier, who predeceased him,Du Chesne, Histoire, p. 572. He is mentioned in the Cardinal's Testament: Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 383.

187-188 The following day, Ney's corps bumped into Wilson's column on its return march at the Battle of Puerto de Baños.Smith (1998), p. 331 These events ended the Talavera campaign. Wellesley was ennobled as Viscount Wellington for his victory.

He was baptized Robert Mathias Musil and his name was officially Robert Mathias Edler von Musil from 22 October 1917, when his father was ennobled (made Edler), until 3 April 1919, when the use of noble titles was forbidden in Austria.

He signed the Sykes-Picot Agreement on 16 May 1916. p. 8. Ennobled in 1916, he was Ambassador to the United States between 1919 and 1920 and Leader of the Liberal Party in the House of Lords between 1923 and 1924.

He was ennobled as Marquis, and canonised as Cheng (成). Later his portrait was hung in the Yuntai (雲臺) gallery by Emperor Ming in 60 CE and he was ranked no.9 out of the 28 Generals of Yuntai.

Anker family. Almost unique internationally and different from the continental nobility, where families have named themselves after the piece of land that they possess, Nordic nobles have since the 16th century in general adopted family names of an abstract and artistical character, often based on their respective coats of arms. For example, the noble family whose arms were a golden star, took the name Gyldenstierne (). As this custom of the old nobility established itself as permanent, also the new nobility, that is persons and families ennobled after the Medieval Ages, often received similar names when ennobled.

See List of Irish clans.The National Genealogical Office (Dublin), MS 165. p. 396-399.Genealogy of Ó hUiginn from O Clery Book of Genealogies (based on edition by Séamus Pender, Analecta Hibernica 15, 1951) Members of this family were further ennobled in 1724 by James III (pretender to the throne of England and Ireland) during his exile in France. A branch that emigrated to Spanish America was ennobled in the Spanish nobility in 1795 and 1796 by Charles IV of Spain; later members of this branch became prominent in the liberation and politics of republican Chile.

Ten years later his son, Martin von Nathusius, became his successor. Another son was the politician Philipp von Nathusius, and a granddaughter the novelist Annemarie von Nathusius. 1861 Nathusius became ennobled, after several years illness he died 1872 during a convalescence in Switzerland.

As a portrait painter in the grand manner, Sargent had unmatched success; he portrayed subjects who were at once ennobled and often possessed of nervous energy. Sargent was referred to as "the Van Dyck of our times."Ormond, pp. 28–35, 1998.

Watson married, first, in 1826, a daughter of William Armstrong of Newcastle-on-Tyne, and sister of Lord Armstrong; secondly, in 1831, Mary, daughter of Anthony Hollist of Midhurst, Sussex. His grandson William Watson-Armstrong was ennobled as Baron Armstrong in 1903.

William Tynan (born 18 August 1940) is a retired Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hamilton South from 1999 to 2005, having won the Hamilton South by-election to replace the ennobled George Robertson.

In 1776, he became etatsråd and in 1782 he was ennobled with a right to use a coat of arms dating from his ancestors. He died on 17 December 1783 and is buried in the graveyard of the Reformed Church in Copenhagen.

Munthe was born in Copenhagen, the son of Bredo von Munthe af Morgenstierne and Anna Dorothea Smith. He graduated in law from the University of Copenhagen in 1753. His father was ennobled by letters patent under the name Munthe af Morgenstjerne in 755.

Niels Wernersen was in 1717 ennobled under the name Werenschiold with a new coat of arms. A. Thiset og P.L. Wittrup: Nyt dansk Adelslexikon, Copenhagen 1904, and Hans Cappelen, Norske slektsvåpen (Norwegian Family Coats of Arms), Oslo 1969 (2. ed 1976), p.223.

Scheffer-Boyadel was born on 25 March 1851 in Hanau. In 1870 he volunteered for service in the Franco-Prussian War. Afterwards, in 1871, he became a lieutenant in the Prussian Army. He was ennobled in 1890 and became a baron in 1906.

He was killed on 9 September 1792 in Versailles, and his head was thrown from the street into the house of Madame du Barry. The estate was immediately subject to effective receivership, with limited funds available to its heir, the dis-ennobled Duchess.

Common themes are rich, ennobled and initially unattainable males (often of Mediterranean—especially Greek—origin), the desire of a character to have a baby (with this being thwarted by infertility or an unsympathetic husband), and the breakup and mending of a relationship.

He was born on 11 March 1776 in Verdun-sur-Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, France. His family, the Double family, had been ennobled in 1378. His grandfather and father were both Apothecaries. He studied in Montpellier, where he was taught in Latin.

He was ennobled on 17 March 1967 by King Baudouin with the title of Baron. He officially obtained hereditary nobility and personal title of Baron on 30 April 1968, after his death. All his descendants of the same name are titled Jonkheer/Jonkvrouw .

Finally, another cadet branch of the Sakai had been created in 1682. These Sakai were installed in 1682 through 1868 at Tsuruga Domain (10,000 koku) in Echizen Province. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

His most important missions were to convoy transport ships, undertake cruises, and protect the Bohuslän coast against Danish attacks. As a reward, he became a schout-bij-nacht in the Gothenburg Squadron in 1714 and was ennobled under the name Strömstierna in 1715.

Jämmerdal & Fröjdesal. Kvinnor i stormaktstidens Sverige. Stockholm: Atlantis AB. Catharina Wallenstedt was the daughter of Bishop Laurentius Olai Wallius and Catharina Tidemansdotter, and was alongside her siblings ennobled in 1650. She was maid of honour to Queen Christina of Sweden in 1649-1655\.

Maximilian Hussarek von Heinlein (3 May 1865 - 6 March 1935), ennobled to the rank of Baron (Freiherr) in 1917, was an Austrian statesman who served as the penultimate Minister-President of Cisleithania in the last stage of World War I, for three months in 1918.

The family was later ennobled, becoming von Zephyris von Greith. The last member of the family to own the estate was a Catholic priest. As he had no heirs, ownership changed after his death. Kreit has been owned by the Raifer family since 1898.

Jacques Le Ber (c. 1633 - 25 November 1706) was a merchant and seigneur in Montreal, New France. In 1686 he was ennobled by Louis XIV and took the title Jacques Le Ber de Saint-Paul de Senneville, based on his hometown of Senneville-sur-Fécamp.

Johannes Müller, a common soldier of the regiment, grew rich as a tavern owner, married a slave woman, and in 1817 returned to his fatherland. Here he bought an estate, was ennobled, and lived on in folk-tales as ‘der schwarze Baron’ (the Black Baron).

Sir Thomas Copley (1534–1584) was a prominent English Roman Catholic politician and exile of the reign of Elizabeth I. Knighted, perhaps by the king of France, and created ennobled by Philip II of Spain, he was often known by contemporaries as "Lord Copley".

Ion Trant Hamilton was the Lord Lieutenant of County Dublin and Member of Parliament for County Dublin. He was ennobled in 1897 by Queen Victoria as Baron HolmPatrickKidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.

In 1488, King John ennobled Eggert Eggertsson, Lawspeaker () of Viken in mainland Norway. His son was Hans Eggertsson (fl. 1522), city administrator () of Bergen, and the latter's son was Eggert Hansson, Lawspeaker () of Iceland (fl. 1517-1563). This family is known as Norbagge today.

The Parthon de Von family is a French and Belgian family with a documented ancestry dating back to 1575 and ennobled by King Leopold I. Its descendants include three mayors of Châteauroux, king's counsellors, a royal military attaché to Louis XVIII, two diplomats, etc.

The next year, during Napoleon's Hundred Days he again led an infantry division but it saw little action. In recognition of his service to Bavaria he was ennobled as baron von Zoller on 30 January 1816. He died on 25 February 1821 in Regensburg.

Henry VIII continued this approach in his reign; he inherited a survivalistic mistrust of nobles from his father. Henry VIII ennobled very few men and the ones he did were all "new men": novi homines, greatly indebted to him and having very limited power.

Gus Macdonald, now Baron Macdonald of Tradeston, and from 1998 to 2003 a government minister, was formerly an executive on the programme. John Birt (by then ennobled as Baron Birt), was personal adviser to the British Prime Minister Tony Blair between 2001 and 2005.

Keller came from a family originally based in Swabia, first mentioned in documents in 1733. He was born in Munich, son of the later-ennobled Royal Bavarian Lieutenant General (1843–1938) and Berta Hassold (1846-1929).Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Vol. VI, p.

After the war, Bureau was ennobled as the Lord of Montglas. He was knighted in 1461. He and his brother continued to serve as advisors to Charles' son and successor, Louis XI, even though Louis dismissed most of Charles' staff. Bureau died in 1463.

In 1825 he was ennobled by King Charles X to Baron. Pierre-Jacques-Nicolas Rolland died in Paris on 9 December 1837. He was awarded Order of Saint Michael, Order of Saint-Louis in 1817, and Commander Cross of the Legion of Honour in 1831.

Ulrich bought several profitable properties and began to diversify his families holdings. This had far reaching effects for his sons Johann and Peter who would later inherit and increase in profit Ulrich' estates. In 1482 the family where officially ennobled and subsequently moved to Vienna.

Christen Lindencrone (24 December 1703 - 17 August 1772) was a Danish landowner and supercargo of the Danish Asia Company. He owned Gjorslev Manor on Stevns and constructed the Lindencrone Mansion (Lindencrones Palæ) on Bredgade in Copenhagen. He was ennobled in 1757 with the surname Lindencrone.

In February 1871 V Corps was sent to Orléans and in March to Vesoul. In 1872 he was given 100.000 thaler and an estate in Niesky. In 1880 von Kirchbach was ennobled as a count. Hugo von Kirchbach died in 1887 in Niesky, Oberlausitz.

King Charles VII ennobled Joan of Arc's family on 29 December 1429 with an inheritable symbolic denomination. The Chamber of Accounts in France registered the family's designation to nobility on 20 January 1430. The grant permitted the family to change their surname to du Lys.

Charles Stewart, an officer in the Papal army who died in 1864, is buried in the basilica. He was the son of John Stewart, Prince Charles Edward Stuart's ("Charles III", the "Young Pretender") "maestro di casa". Charles had ennobled John as a baronet in 1784.

Charles-Alexandre de Boigne was born in Delhi, India in 1791. He married Césarine Viallet de Montbel in 1816. The marriage had been encouraged by his father. Césarine Viallet de Montbel was from a large Savoy family who had been parliamentarians and later ennobled.

He was granted the Order of St Michael in 1869, the next year was appointed director of the Volkstheater on Gärtnerplatz, resigning the position after a few years. He was ennobled in 1876. He died in Munich, where today a street bears his name.

Falkenskjold was born on 1 June 1743 in Kalundborg, the son of lieutenant colonel Martin Morten Düssel Falkenskiold and Dorothea Sophie née Schack. His father's original family name was Dyssel but he had been ennobled by letters patent in 1716 under the name Falkenskiold.

Khojaminasishvili () was a Georgian family of Armenian ethnic background ennobled in the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti in 1775. Their status received confirmation in 1857 from the Russian Empire, where they were known as Khodzhaminasov ().Toumanoff, Cyril (1967). Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p. 273.

Upon his return to Vienna, Dr. Dumba retired from the diplomatic service.'Dr. Dumba is retired, op. cit., 5 November 1915. In May 1917, he was ennobled and appointed to the Upper House (Herrenhaus), but he would play no further prominent role in public life.

Sakai Tadakatsu (1587–1662) was installed in 1634 through 1868 at Obama Domain (103,500 koku) in Wakasa Province . This cadet branch of the Sakai had been created in 1590. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in the Meiji period.

Christina Piper was born to the very wealthy merchant and city official Olof Hansson Törne and Margareta Andersen. Her father was ennobled by the name Törnflycht in 1698, but as she married eight years before this, she never wore that name herself. On 13 February 1690, she married the royal official Carl Piper, who was 26 years her senior and the stepbrother of her father. The marriage was arranged for economic reasons: her husband was in need of funds, and as a relative with a good career (he had been ennobled during his career in royal service) he was seen as a good asset to keep in the family.

Charles Picot de Dampierre was born to the noble family of the House of Dampierre, originally from Champagne, ennobled in 1496. Dampierre was promoted to the status of Marquess in 1645. The family went extinct in 1871. Eight of its members served in the French Navy.

King James ennobled him as Lord Kincleven on 10 August 1607.John Nichols, The Progresses, Processions, and Magnificent Festivities of King James the First, vol. 2 (London, 1828), p. 145. In 1623 he quarrelled with George Hay, later Earl of Kinnoull, over their business ventures in Orkney.

George Richard Ernst Günter von Drenkmann was born in Berlin. He came from an exceptionally well connected family. The "Drenckmanns" had become "von Drenckmanns" when his grandfather was ennobled in 1901. His father, Edwin von Drenkmann (1864-1944) had been a senior Prussian financial official ("Geheime Oberfinanzrat").

Notable Sephardi Jews in Hamburg include Duarte Nunes da Costa (alias Jacob Curiel) (1587-1665), Agent of the Spanish and later, Agent of the Portuguese Crown in Hamburg, and ennobled by Joao IV of Portugal on 14 June 1641. Son of the eminent physician Abraham Curiel.

18 In 1510, it was acquired by Antoine Andrieu, a bourgeois who married into the nobility and was subsequently ennobled. In 1772, it was acquired by Jean-Joseph de Parel d'Espeiruc de la Chatonie. In 1804, it was acquired by Louis-Paul de Selve de Bity.

When in 1955 Churchill retired, Swinton insisted on retiring too, and he was further ennobled as the Earl of Swinton. Towards the end of his life, Swinton was an Honorary Fellow of University College, Oxford.Honorary Fellows. University College Record, Volume III, Number 5, page 292, October 1960.

In the Meiji era, Tsugaru Tsuguakira, was ennobled with the title of count (hakushaku) under the kazoku peerage system."Nobility, Peerage and Ranks in Ancient and Meiji-Japan," p. 21. Tsugaru Tsugumichi, the last daimyō of the Kuroishi-Tsugaru, became a viscount (shishaku).Peerage of Japan.

The older son, Walter (1873–1948), entered politics and became a Member of Parliament (MP) for most of the period from 1906 to 1935, and was ennobled in 1937 with the hereditary title of Baron Rea. The younger son ran the Liverpool branch of the family business.

Immanuel Hermann Fichte (;"Fichte". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. ; ennobled as Immanuel Hermann von Fichte in 1863; 18 July 1796 – 8 August 1879) was a German philosopher and son of Johann Gottlieb Fichte. In his philosophy, he was a theist and strongly opposed to the Hegelian School.

Bagge is a Swedish family originally of Norwegian background from Marstrand, Bohuslän, by Nils Fredriksson Bagge, burgher and mayor of Marstrand in the 17th century. According to Danmarks Adels Aarbog, the yearbook of the Danish Nobility, ennobled Sea Captain Peder Bagge was issued from the family.

Tavnstrup was then passed on to his son-in-law Hector Gottfried Masius, a prominent theologian. He became the owner of several estates in the area. He died in 1709 and his children were ennobled by letters patent in 1712 with the name von der Maase.

It has a rate of fire of about 6 rounds per minute. The rifle was the invention of the gunsmith Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse (1787–1867) who, beginning in 1824, had conducted multiple experiments and in 1836 produced the complete needle-gun. Dreyse was ennobled in 1864.

The Carstens family moved to Copenhagen in 1739. They lived in a house in Store Kirkestræde. He played a central role in Danish trade with sugar and slaves. He purchased Knabstrup Manor in 1745 and was ennobled under the surname Castenschiold on 12 March that same year.

He was ennobled as Jean-Martin de Wendel in 1727 by Leopold, Duke of Lorraine. He was followed by eight generations of steelmakers. Guy de Wendel was born on 22 April 1878 in Paris. He was the son of the steel manufacturer Robert de Wendel (1847–1917).

Christina Maria Hilcken née Daurer born 4 October 1686 in Stockholm; 9 October 1715 in Hamburg. F: Jacob Daurer, born 17 February 1649 Stockholm; died 16 June 1713 Stockholm, Diplomat, ennobled. GF: Georg Christian Daurer born 6 December 1618 Prague; died 16 March 1664 Stockholm, Apothecary.

Jean-Élie Gautier was born in Bordeaux, Gironde, on 6 October 1781. His father was Jean-Élie Gautier (1743–1828), a merchant in Bordeaux who was ennobled without a title by Louis XVIII of France in 1816. His mother was Marie-Emilie Laffon. The family was Protestant.

Rhododendron keiskei was named after him. He wrote Taisei honzou meiso (Japanese:"泰西本草名疏") published in 1829. Ito became a professor at the University of Tokyo in 1881. He died in 1901, and he was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku).

For his service to Russia, he was ennobled by Tsar Nicholas II in 1895. His grave is preserved in the Friedhof III der Jerusalems- und Neuen Kirchengemeinde (Cemetery No. III of the congregations of Jerusalem's Church and New Church) in Berlin-Kreuzberg, south of Hallesches Tor.

He was born at Savigliano, near Cuneo, then part of the Kingdom of Sardinia. He was the son of a general officer in the Sardinian (Piedmontese) army who was killed at the battle of Mondovì in 1796. The family had been recently ennobled and was not rich.

In the Meiji era, Satake Yoshitaka was ennobled with the title of marquess (kōshaku).Karino, p. 41.List of Meiji-era Japanese nobility (accessed 17 August 2008) Satake Yoshisato of Iwasaki received the title of viscount (shishaku). The North Satake family received the title of baron (danshaku).

Adèle d'Osmond, Countess of Boigne (1781-1866.) In 1801 the dis-ennobled Duchess of Brissac by the state terms of receivership of aristocratic estates sold at the a permitted, reduced value Pontchartrain to the industrialist and speculator Claude Caroillon Destillières, a leader of the "Black Band" syndicate of businessmen enriched by the Directory who specialized in the purchase and liquidation of the great aristocratic estates. He had the gardens transformed from the French style to that of an English park by the fashionable landscaper Louis-Martin Berthault, who was later employed in the 1820s by James Mayer de Rothschild to organize the first receptions he gave at his Paris hotel. When Destillières died in 1814 his huge fortune and land holdings passed to his daughter, Aimée Caroillon des Tillières. In 1817 Aimée married the dis- ennobled Count and then re-ennobled Marquis (1838) Rainulphe Eustache d'Osmond, aide to the Duke of Angoulême, whose older sister Adèle d'Osmond, Countess of Boigne, spoke of the library at Ponchartrain in her memoirs.

It is noteworthy that he was not immediately ennobled as a high ranking peer, as might have been expected for someone of his wealth and family influence. It was not until 1790 that he was raised to the lowest rank of the peerage as Baron Douglas of Douglas.

The couple had ten children. Three sons became the 50th, 51st and 52nd Archbishops of Uppsala, namely Erik Benzelius the Younger ( 1743–1744 ), Jakob Benzelius ( 1744–1747 ), and Henrik Benzelius ( 1747–1758 ). The children who had not entered the Church were ennobled as knights with the name of Benzelstierna.

53 Romako based his design on the German aviso .Sondhaus, p. 73 During the course of his career, he was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown, and he was ennobled in 1869. He also received the Danish Order of the Dannebrog and the Mexican Order of Guadalupe.

Sir John succeeded to the baronetcy on his father's death on 20 July 1769. He married the Hon. Frances Courtenay, daughter of The Viscount Courtenay, in 1770, and they had ten children, including his heir, John, who succeeded him as 9th Baronet and was later ennobled as Baron Wrottesley.

In 1860 he was ennobled with the title of Freiherr (Baron) for his services to literature, and in 1877 was made a life member of the Saxon Upper Chamber.w:de:Sächsischer Landtag (1831–1918) (German) From 1866 to 1895 he was British Consul-General for the kingdom and duchies of Saxony.

He was ennobled as Baron Cunningham of Hyndhope in 1945 and made Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope the following year. After his retirement, Cunningham enjoyed several ceremonial positions, including Lord High Steward at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953. He died on 12 June 1963, aged 80.

Lars Larsson Eld was made a nobleman in 1662, being given the name Eldstierna. In 1691 he was raised further to baronage. He died as landshövding of Östergötland County. Lars Larsson Eldstierna's younger brother, Samuel Larsson Eld (1637–1716), was also ennobled, but under the name of Stierneld.

He was born at Vejlegård on Funen to the parents Michael Fabritius de Tengnagel and Adolphine née Leth. His father was a son of the wealthy Copenahgen-based merchant and shipowner Michael Fabritius and had been ennobled by letters patent under the name Fabritius de Tengnagel in 1778.

However, after his retirement, he quickly had four sons by as many concubines, and one of these sons, Sanada Yukiyo (1870-1948) was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) for his services in the First Sino-Japanese War. Sanada Yukinori died in 1869 at the age of 34.

Mylius was sn alternate at the Stænderforsamlingen in Viborg in 1835-40 and represented at the assembly in 1838. He was appointed as chamberlain on 28 June 1840. He was ennobled on 14 October 1840. He was a member and the chairman of Kongsted Sogneforstanderskab in 1844-48.

Lot of families were later legally adopted into the clan or ennobled with this coat of arms, some misattributed to the clan by similarity of arms, names or by simple error or usurpation. Nowadays it (or its modification) is used as coat of arms of several Polish settlements.

Jørgen Wichfeld (born Jørgen Wichmand, 1 July 1729 19 December 1797) was a Danish landowner, industrialist and deputy district judge from Lolland-Falster who was ennobled by letters patent on 23 July 1888. He owned Engestofte on Lolland, Ukriksdal and from 1774 to 1787 also Nordfeld on Møn.

Bernstadt Besserer von Thalfingen is the name of an old Swabian family.Besserer von Thalfingen (German), Pierer's Universal-Lexikon. The members of the line were originally located in Bavaria and Württemberg. The family line has been known since the 13th century and was ennobled to Freiherren in 1817 and 1838.

He married Barbara Mangold in 1538. A pair of portraits of Schwartz and his wife in 1542 by Christoph Amberger are held by the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum and the Kisters Collection respectively. He was ennobled by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in 1541, and died in Augsburg circa 1574.

The plot was uncovered and most of the plotters, who were recusants or converts, were tried and executed. Recusants and martyrs are represented in the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales and among the Jacobites, such as the Earls of Derwentwater, particularly those ennobled in the Jacobite Peerage.

224, 227–229. Velasco's family was ennobled and his son was created Marqués de Velasco del Morro, and Charles III decreed that there should thereafter be a ship named Velasco in the Spanish fleet.Cobbett, p. 283. The loss of Havana and Western Cuba was a serious blow to Spain.

Shortly, he began his political career, as secretary of Count Ferdinand von Hardek, and then by working for the Hungarian chancellor office in Prague. He was noticed by Emperor Rudolf II, who ennobled him in 1589, at age 20.Cărturari braşoveni, p. 226. In 1590, he returned to Transylvania.

Papinot, p. 50. A cadet branch was created in 1647. These Sakai were installed from 1647 through 1868 at Matsumine Domain (20,000 koku) in Dewa Province; the castle at Matsumine was constructed in 1779. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Marble bust of Charles II of Spain, 1695 (Kunsthistorisches Museum). Paul Strudel or Paul Strudl (c. 1648 – 20 November 1708) was an Austrian sculptor, architect, engineer, and painter, ennobled as Baron von Strudel and Vochburg. "Landesmuseum Niederösterreich - Geschichte/Personen - Paul Strudel" (history), Landesmuseum Niederösterreich (lower Austria), 2006, Geschichte.Landesmuseum.

Radhe is a Swedish family. An early primogenitor was Bryngel Radhe, burgher and restaurateur in Gothenburg (dead 1679-11-05). He was married 1656-01-17 in Gothenburg to Maria Hantons (dead 1680-06-11), daughter of presumably a Scottish immigrant. One branch was ennobled as Gripenstedt in 1717.

In that year, in a desperate bid to stem Britain's accelerating industrial decline, the recently elected Wilson government created the National Enterprise Board (NEB), as part of a more interventionist economic strategy. Don Ryder was ennobled and appointed to chair the NEB, which he did between 1975 and 1977.

Gyttorp is mentioned as Gyetorp in the oldest taxation list for the area from 1539. The owner of Gyttorp estate and blast furnace at that time was the district senior juryman Karl Nilsson.Johansson 1881–1882, p.201 He was ennobled in 1561 by king Eric XIV of Sweden.

Ferdinand de Meeûs In 1836 Ferdinand Meeûs (1798–1861), a scion of a commercial family, was ennobled by the Belgian king Leopold I, with the title of count. Whereas he may have been a family member of Jean-Philippe or Paul Meeûs who were ennobled in 1688, he certainly was not a descendant of one of them. He used the same coat of arms, which was in use within his family, originally prominent members of the corporation of brewers in Brussels. Ferdinand count Meeûs was a lifelong governor of the Société Générale, founded under the Dutch King William I and becoming a major economic player in the industrial development of the new Belgian kingdom.

A small number of other bishops—such as David Sheppard of Liverpool and Richard Harries of Oxford—were ennobled on retiring. The Lord Chamberlain must be a member of the House of Lords and so is ennobled on appointment (if not already a peer), while most retiring Private Secretaries to the Queen and Governors of the Bank of England have also become peers. High judicial officers have sometimes been created life peers upon taking office. All Lord Chief Justices of England and Wales have, since 1958, been created life peers under the Life Peerages Act, with the exception of Lord Woolf, who was already a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary before becoming Lord Chief Justice.

In 1634, he bought "Het Huis met de Hoofden" on the Keizersgracht in Amsterdam. His wife died after the birth of their sixteenth child. In 1640, De Geer travelled again to Sweden and was ennobled. In his new status he was able to buy 3/4 of the leased farmlands.

Författarroll och retorik hos frihetstidens kvinnliga författare. Stockholm: Gidlunds Förlag. Gunnila Grubb was the daughter of the Stockholm merchant Mikael Vilhelmsson Grubb and Katarina Sohm, and was married in 1716 to the merchant Nils Grubb. She was the mother of Michael Grubb, ennobled as af Grubbens, and Catharina Elisabet Grubb.

Livonius was born 1 April 1829 in Wolgast in the Prussian province Pomerania. His father was Daniel Livonius a captain and postmaster in the Kingdom of Prussia. His brother Wilhelm Livonius became a general and was ennobled in 1888. Livonius left school 1848 in Berlin in order to start sea travelling.

A park was named after him, and also a street (Rothschildallee). In 1817 he was posthumously ennobled by the emperor Francis I of Austria. His descendants furthered the family fortune across Europe—the "five arrows" of banking. Eldest son Amschel Mayer took over the Frankfurt bank and Salomon moved to Vienna.

His increasing recognition brought him many commissions from outside Bavaria. In 1849 he was made a member of the Order of St. Michael. In 1887, the Prince Regent, Luitpold of Bavaria, personally ennobled him as a Knight of the Bavarian Crown. He retired in 1887 and died in Munich at 82.

The Ala I Pannoniorum, was a Roman cavalry unit stationed in Gemellae in Roman Numidia. During the third century it was commanded by a former guardsman, Celerinius Augendus, who had been ennobled to the equestrian order and given command of this frontier units, guarding the border facing the Sahara desert.

Bartholomeus V. Welser was ennobled by the Emperor in 1532. The Augsburg main line became extinct in 1797, the Nuremberg branch in 1878. The Ulm branch, which became Imperial Barons in 1713, still exists. The Welsersche Familienstiftung, founded on 1 April 1539, still exists and has owned numerous castles in Germany.

Bolle Luxdorph (19 February 1643 - 5 September 1698) was a Danish civil servant and landowner. He was ennobled under the name Luxdorph in 1679. He owned the estates Rosengaard, Sandbygaard, and Sørupgaard. He left them to his daughter, Hedevig Ulrika Luxdorph, who would later marry Christopher Knuth, 1st Count of Knuthenborg.

Jan Kanty Fontana (1731 - 1800) was an architect, surveyor and burgrave of the Royal Castle, Warsaw. He was the son of Józef Fontana and the younger brother of Jakub Fontana. He was ennobled by King Stanisław August Poniatowski on 9 September 1769 and received his own coat of arms, Fontana.

Araki also strongly promoted Seishin Kyoiku (spiritual training) for the army. Araki became a member of the Supreme War Council. But on 23 January 1934, he resigned as War Minister due to ill health. He was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) in 1935 under the kazoku peerage system.

Wilhelm von Bode (10 December 1845 – 1 March 1929) was a German art historian and museum curator. Born Arnold Wilhelm Bode in Calvörde, he was ennobled in 1913. He was the creator and first curator of the Kaiser Friedrich Museum, now called the Bode Museum in his honor, in 1904.

Jennings was known for his personal reserve and as one of the most charismatic Irish generals of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period. Though he was not ennobled, he is sometimes referred to as de Kilmaine and Baron de Kilmaine in reference to the Jennings' ancestral home in Kilmaine, County Mayo.

The Monasterlija (or Manastirlija) family gained nobility status from Emperor Ferdinand III in 1665, when Petar Monasterlija was ennobled. Jovan, the son of Petar, was born in Komorn. To improve his reputation among local Serbs, Jovan married a young woman from Rašković family, a family with highest reputation among Serb immigrants.

The Resident's guard was raised to 1500 men, and all intercourse with Tibet and Dzungaria was forbidden. The Qianlong Emperor published a special decree defending the treachery of Fuqing, and ennobled his heir as Viscount. Canonised and included in the Temple of Worthies.Herbert Allen Giles, A Chinese Biographical Dictionary, p. 232.

On 14 November the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Baron Henry de Worms was ennobled as Baron Pirbright. His previous title was as a Hereditary Baron of the Austrian Empire, but his British peerage gave him a seat in the House of Lords, and automatically disqualified him from the Commons.

During the period of 1703–1737, the farm was owned by Minister Niels Knagh (1661-1737), later ennobled with the name of Knagenhielm. He was among the richest men of Western Norway and the land owner of vast areas in Kaupanger. The farm was subsequently inherited by Justice Christian Krogh.

They abandoned the effort, sailed north that night, and eventually returned to Europe in disarray. King Louis XIV of France ennobled Sainte-Marthe for his victory against the Dutch. The king had a medal struck to commemorate this feat of arms. Amblimont was made the first marquis d'Amblimont by letters patent.

Hofmann received several significant awards in the field of chemistry, including the Royal Medal (1854), the Copley Medal (1875) and the Albert Medal (1881). He was ennobled on his seventieth birthday. His name is associated with the Hofmann voltameter, the Hofmann rearrangement, the Hofmann–Martius rearrangement, Hofmann elimination, and the Hofmann–Löffler reaction.

He also served in the Genrōin and in the House of Peers of the Diet of Japan after the 1890 Japanese general election. Tsuda was also an active member of the Meirokusha, and contributed numerous articles to its journal. He was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system.

Meysey-Thompson was elected MP for Handsworth (on the outskirts of Birmingham), at the 1892 general election and held that seat until he was ennobled on 26 December 1905 as Baron Knaresborough, of Kirkby Hall in the County of York. Lord Knaresborough was chairman of the North Eastern Railway from 1912 to 1922.

The nobilities in Denmark and Norway could, likewise, bask in the glory of one of the most monarchial states in Europe. The title of count was introduced in 1671, and in 1709 and 1710, two marquisates (the only ones in Scandinavia) were created. Additionally, hundreds of families were ennobled, i.e., without titles.

Ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system in 1902, he served as a member of the House of Peers from 1904 to 1910. He died in 1919 at his summer cottage in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture. As one would expect, he has been honored on several Japanese postage stamps.

Ludwig Schwanthaler, from Two Hundred German Men in Portraits and Biographies (1854) Athena wearing the mask of Medusa, Ludwig von Schwanthaler 1840, Albertinum, Dresden Ludwig Michael Schwanthaler, later ennobled as Ritter von Schwanthaler (26 August 1802 – 14 November 1848), was a German sculptor who taught at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich.

Malmö: Svensk Uppslagsbok AB:s förlag, band 13 s. 312. His seal featured the figure of a drinking horn. Like other Swedish noble families of medieval origin, the family name wasn't used as a surname before the 16th century. Several descendants of Olof Mattsson have been ennobled under extended versions of the family name.

He was ennobled under the name de Mylius on 14 October 1840. The estate remained in the Mylius family until 1906. In 1860, at the end of Vomme Sø, an octagonal burial chapel was built for the de Mylius's family in 1900-2018 Later it has been bought by various big farmers.

From 1922 to 1961, Princess Dagmar of Demark, the daughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden, lived on Kongstedlund. She was married to the squire Jorgen Castenskiold, hunting master of the Danish court and member of the ennobled Danish family Castenskiold.Bo Bramsen: Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt. vol.

Brooks seems to have seen her portraits in this light. According to a memoir by Natalie Barney, one woman complained, upon seeing her portrait, "You haven't beautified me", to which Brooks replied "I have ennobled you."Natalie Barney, Aventures de l'Esprit, quoted in Jay, 30. Brooks did not always ennoble her subjects.

Lehn and his brother Johan Lehn (1705-1760) were ennobled by letters patent in 1731. He was also the owner of several properties in Copenhagen. He inherited the Lehn House on Strandgade in Christianshavn from his father. He purchased Kanslergården in Store Kannikestræde but it was destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1728.

Hans Gustav Lillienskiold was a naval officer. His maternal grandfather, Hans Hansen Smed (Schmidt)(1650-1703) had been ennobled under the surname Lillienskiold in 1776. He had met his first wife in the Danish West Indies. It was this marriage that had provided him with the economic means to purchase the estates.

After a long career as an official, he became in 1761 General Commissioner of War in Nordland. This automatically gave him personal noble status, belonging to the office nobility (Norwegian: embetsadel, rangadel). On the 23rd of February 1781, four days after his death, he was ennobled under the name Gyldenpalm (lit. Golden Palm).

Georg Adolf Carl von Opel (31 August 1869 – 16 February 1927Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg (HStAMR Best. 903 No. 10931 p. 133)), known as Georg Adolf Carl Opel before being ennobled in 1918, was a bank specialist and industrialist of the Opel family and one of the founders of the German automobile manufacturer Opel.

He was appointed to Counselor (Kammerråd) in 1743, appointed to the Justice Council (Justitsråd) in 1750 and granted the title Etatsråd in 1766. He was ennobled in 1756 with the surname Lindencrone. His estate was turned into a title estate (stamhus), meaning that it could not be sold or divided between heirs.

The Aizu-Matsudaira survived the Meiji Restoration, and were ennobled with the title of viscount. Katamori's son Morio Matsudaira served as an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy. The family survives to the present day. Isao Matsudaira, who was governor of Fukushima Prefecture in the 1980s, was a descendant of this family.

In 1870, the domain name was changed to . The domain was abolished together with all of the domains in the abolition of the han system in 1871, becoming Sakata Prefecture and Tsuruoka Prefecture, which then merged into Yamagata Prefecture. The Sakai clan was ennobled in 1885, becoming hakushaku (counts) in the kazoku peerage.

After the conclusion of the revolution in 1907, Richter moved to the German city of Munich, Bavaria, where he continued his studies and became a Doktoringenieur. In 1912, Scheubner was prefixed to his own name upon adoption by one of his wife's relatives, an old German form of having one's lineage ennobled.

The bastide was built in 1739.Cynthia Clayton Ochterbeck, Wine Regions of France, Michelin Travel & Lifestyle, 2010, p. 376 In 1854, it was purchased by the Double family, ennobled in 1378. The estate served as a stopping-point for their horses on the way between their properties in the Luberon and in Marseilles.

Charles's father died in 1680 when he was eight years old. In 1688 his grandfather, Lord Ormond, died. Charles's elder brother succeeded as 2nd Duke of Ormond. In 1693, Charles Butler was ennobled as Baron of Cloughgrenan, Viscount of Tullogh and Earl of Arran (of the second creation) in the Peerage of Ireland.

He was later educated in the United States and joined the Meiji government, serving as Japanese ambassador to Italy. He was later ennobled with the kazoku peerage title of shishaku (viscount). With the abolition of the han system in July 1871, Kuwana Domain became “Kuwana Prefecture”, which later became part of Mie Prefecture.

Castenschiold was born on St. Thomas in the Danish West Indies, the son of plantation owner Johan Lorentz Carstens and Jacobe von Holten. The family moved to Copenhagen around the time of his birth. They lived in Store Kurkestræde. His father purchased Knabstrup and was ennobled under the name Castenschiold in 1745.

He married Harriet Hotham in 1833, and they had eleven children. Their eldest son John was a scientist and banker, later ennobled as Baron Avebury. Their youngest child, Edgar won the FA Cup with Wanderers in 1872 and with Old Etonians in 1879. He was also a cricketer with Kent County Cricket Club.

Pierre-Charles Laurent de Villedeuil (11 October 1742, Bouchain - 28 April 1828, Paris) was Controller-General of Finances under Louis XVI of France. His father, the engineer Pierre-Joseph Laurent, became rich thanks to his part in founding the compagnie des mines d'Anzin and was ennobled around 1750 as marquis de Villedeuil.

The Calvinist princes of Transylvania supported their co-religionists. Gabriel Bethlen granted nobility to all Calvinist pastors. Both the kings and the Transylvanian princes regularly ennobled commoners without granting landed property to them. Jurisprudence, however, maintained that only those who owned land which was cultivated by serfs could be regarded fully-fledged noblemen.

186, p.6 He was ennobled by the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph for his sufferances., p.218 After the dissolution of Austro- Hungarian Empire, Bukovina became a part of Romania, and Weisselberger was a member of the Romanian Senate from 1922 to 1926 and of the Chamber of Deputies from 1927 to 1928.

In 1572, Karin married the royal official Lars Henrikson Hordeel (d. 1591). Her new husband was ennobled by John III in 1576, on condition that he "henceforth faithfully and diligently act toward Our Dear Lady and both of Our offspring".Gadd, Pia: Frillor, fruar och herrar - en okänd kvinnohistoria Falun 2009 Her husband was consequently given an office and her son named governor of Åbo Castle, and her children with John III where ennobled in 1577 and her daughter Sofia became a lady-in-waiting of Princess Elizabeth of Sweden. From 1580, due to the office of her spouse and son, Karin was able to move back into Åbo Castle and once again become its hostess and the lady of her own court there.

Statue of Johan Vilhelm Snellman in front of the Bank of Finland, Helsinki. Johan Vilhelm Snellman (; 12 May 1806, Stockholm – 4 July 1881, Kirkkonummi) was an influential Fennoman philosopher and Finnish statesman, ennobled in 1866. He was one of the most important 'awakeners' or promoters of Finnish nationalism, alongside Elias Lönnrot and J. L. Runeberg.

He made research trips in 1722 to Copenhagen and in 1724 the Baltic provinces. In 1732 he was promoted to actuary and 1740 to secretary to the director. In 1743 he was ennobled as "von Stiernman". In 1745 he was made a member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences and in 1747 became the Secretary.

Le Ber also was active in the cod fishery and West Indian trade including slaves. Le Ber's wealth made him one of the most influential people of the time. For example, Governor General Frontenac sought his advice on important matters concerning trade and the welfare of the colony. Jacques Le Ber was ennobled in 1696.

He subsequently commanded the IJA 15th Infantry Division in 1909 and the IJA 12th Infantry Division in 1912. From 1913, he became an Aide-de-camp to the Emperor of Japan and was promoted to general in 1915. In November 1921, Uchiyama was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system.

Maarten van der Goes returned to the Netherlands on Napoleon's fall and became a faithful supporter of the new king William I of the Netherlands, who ennobled him in 1814 and made him a baron in 1821. Van der Goes entered the Senate on 21 September 1815, remaining in it until his death in 1826.

For once the French tactic of a large frontal cavalry assault had succeeded, with decisive results. Captain Jean Dagneau captured the famous general John Talbot. After this feat of arms, Dagneau was ennobled in March 1438 by Charles VII, King of France, which is at the origin of the family name of Dagneau de Richecour.

Peter Tordenskiold's nephew Johan Christopher Christophersen Wessel (born on 4 July 1727, died on 6 February 1793) was later, in 1761, ennobled under the same name and with the same arms as his uncle. Johan Christopher Tordenskiold was the son of Christopher Jansen Wessel and Karen Nielsdatter Bie. He was married and had issue.

Poul Vendelbo Løvenørn Poul Vendelbo (1686–1740) was on the 14th of January 1711 ennobled under the name Løvenørn (lit. Lion Eagle). Among his descendants were his son Frederik de Løvenørn (1715-1779) and grandson, naval officer and hydrographer Poul de Løvenørn (1751-1826). Later generations included diplomat Poul Ludvig Ernst de Løvenørn (1839-1922).

Published by HarperCollins. . pp. 32–34. According to The Record of Grand Historian, Lao Ai was disguised as a eunuch by plucking his beard. Later Lao Ai and queen Zhao Ji got along so well they secretly had two sons together. Lao Ai then became ennobled as Marquis Lào Ǎi, and was showered with riches.

I. Son of Miklós Solomon (lived around 1242) was named Póka. II. In 1697 King Leopold I of Hungary ennobled the Póka family. The coat of arms can be found in the Hungarian National Archives.Magyar Országos Levéltár címereslevelei Ancestors of the Cziráky and Noszlopy families are thought to be bearing the Póka name, too.

The first estate of the four estates of the realm of Finland existed until 1906 when a single chamber parliament was introduced. Baron August Langhoff was the last to be ennobled, in 1912. Hence, Finnish nobility today is a closed society. Today the House of Nobility is a hereditary association of members of registered nobility.

Hector Gottfried Masius (13 April 1653 – 20 September 1709) was a German- Danish Lutheran theologian. He was rector of the University of Copenhagen from 1691 to 1692 and again from 1700 to 1701. He married rich and owned a number of the estates. His children were ennobled in 1712 with the surname von der Maase.

Ballenstedt, 23 May 1818), who shortly after the wedding was ennobled and created Baroness of Hoym (German: Frau von Hoym). The union only lasted four months until Dorothea's death. In Bernburg on 2 May 1819 Alexius Frederick Christian married thirdly and again morganatically with Ernestine Charlotte of Sonnenberg (b. Bernburg, 19 February 1789 - d.

In 1903 she founded the town Aarón Castellanos, Santa Fe, which she named after her father. She funded the construction of a Franciscan convent and hospital in the municipality. Her dedication to Catholic charities lead to her being ennobled as a papal marchioness by Pope Pius XI, who also awarded her a Pontifical Golden Rose.

This property was sold in 1677 to the Dominican Order. Michael Lorber von Störchen, a son of one of the brothers ennobled, wrote a family chronicle in 1613. The family treasures included a silver bowl "of 2 marks and 1 ounce of weight," which Michael, Pancraz and Jobst Justus Lorber decreed in her will.

Martin Sigismund Eduard von Simson (10 November 1810 – 2 May 1899) was a German jurist and distinguished liberal politician of the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire, who served as President of the Frankfurt Parliament as well as the first President of the German Parliament and of the Imperial Court. He was ennobled by Frederick III in 1888.

Karl Bosl, Regensburg: Pustet, 1983, , online at University of Regensburg . and in 1859 he was personally ennobled. Schönwerth read Greek, Latin and Hebrew and also the Scandinavian languages and Gothic, and later in life studied Sanskrit and cuneiform. After beginning his folklore research, he served on the board of the Historical Association of Upper Bavaria from 1868 to 1875.

His daughter, Margaret, was born in April 1916. She graduated from St Anne's College, Oxford, and later married Charles Smith, later Delacourt- Smith, in 1939. Her husband became a Labour MP in 1945 and later a Government minister, and was ennobled in 1967. She was a councillor and Justice of the Peace in Windsor in the 1960s.

In summer the route was extended to the Montreal. CN named each of its five new liners after the wife of an English or British admiral who was noted for his actions in the Caribbean, and who had been knighted or ennobled. Lady Hawkins was named after Katherine, the wife of the Elizabethan Admiral Sir John Hawkins (1532–95).

Liljensparre is regarded as a devoted and effective police. He did, however, adjust himself to the demands of the crown even in cases when they bent the laws. This made him unpopular, but a favorite of the monarch, who ennobled him under the name Liljensparre in 1786. He organised a network of police agents in Stockholm.

Beseler was born in Greifswald, Pomerania. His father Georg Beseler, was a law professor at the University of Greifswald. He entered the Prussian Army in 1868, fought in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 and had a successful military career until his retirement in 1910. Beseler was ennobled in 1904 by William II, German Emperor.

Robert Grosvenor, 1st Baron Ebury PC (24 April 1801 – 18 November 1893), styled Lord Robert Grosvenor from 1831 to 1857, was a British courtier and Whig politician. He served as Comptroller of the Household between 1830 and 1834 and as Treasurer of the Household between 1846 and 1847. In 1857 he was ennobled as Baron Ebury.

Lingg first gained attention with a collection of poems introduced by Emanuel Geibel (Stuttgart 1853). His most famous work is Die Völkerwanderung ("The Great Migration", Stuttgart, 1866–68, 3 vols). He was ennobled in 1890. His poem "Immer leiser wird mein Schlummer" was set by Johannes Brahms as No. 2 of his Fünf Lieder, Op. 105.

Surat Castle, or Surat Fort, is a 16th-century structure in the city of Surat. The Ahmedabad king Sultan Mahmood-III (1538-1554) ordered its construction to defend the city from the frequent attacks that had devastated it. He entrusted the work to Safi Agha, a Turkish soldier who had been ennobled with the title of Khudawand Khan.

In France, the hereditary knighthood existed in regions formerly under Holy Roman Empire control. One family ennobled with that title is the house of Hauteclocque (by letters patents of 1752), even if its most recent members used a pontifical title of count. Italy and Poland also had the hereditary knighthood that existed within the nobility system.

In 1901, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, 1st class. Samejima was promoted to admiral in November 1905 and in 1906 was awarded the Order of the Golden Kite, 2nd class. Furthermore, in early 1907, he was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) in the kazoku peerage system. He entered the reserves later that year.

Gensui Count Terauchi Masatake(left) with General Kodama Gentarō(right). Terauchi was appointed as Minister of the Army in 1901, during the first Katsura administration. The Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) occurred during his term in office. After the Japanese victory in the war, he was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) in the kazoku peerage.

He was ennobled as Jean-Martin de Wendel in 1727 by Leopold, Duke of Lorraine. He was followed by eight generations of steelmakers. Adrien Charles Joseph Robert de Wendel d'Hayange was born on 9 May 1847 in Souhey. He was the second son of Alexis Charles de Wendel d'Hayange (1809–1870) and Jeanne Marie de Pechpeyrou-Comminges de Guitaut.

Since the initial release of ' in 1735, the book had been expanded and reprinted several times; the tenth edition was released in 1758. This edition established itself as the starting point for zoological nomenclature, the equivalent of '.Blunt (2004), p. 6. The Swedish King Adolf Frederick granted Linnaeus nobility in 1757, but he was not ennobled until 1761.

135; and Oliphant, ch. 6.. Retrieved 12 February 2006. In October, Joan was with the royal army when it took Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier, followed by an unsuccessful attempt to take La-Charité-sur-Loire in November and December. On 29 December, Joan and her family were ennobled by Charles VII as a reward for her actions.

Cauchy then had no official role until the country came under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1800, he was elected Keeper of the Seals (Garde des Sceaux) in the French Senate, and also became secretary and archivist of the Chamber of Peers. He was ennobled by King Charles X in 1825. He died in Arcueil in 1848.

He also helped found the University of London and served as its Vice-Chancellor for many years. He was made a KCB in 1857 for his public services. Shaw Lefevre married Rachel Emily, daughter of Ichabod Wright, in 1824. They had one surviving son, George, who became a prominent politician and was ennobled as Baron Eversley, and five daughters.

Kathleen Tennant was born on 30 January 1894 in London. Her mother was Annie Geraldine Redmayne and her father was Francis John Tennant of Innes, Morayshire, and Lympne Castle, Kent. She was a member of the Tennant family, an influential Scottish industrial family that had been ennobled. Her paternal grandfather was the industrialist Sir Charles Tennant, 1st Baronet.

King Louis XVIII of France named Despinoy commander of the 1st military division in January 1816 and shortly after he was ennobled as a Count. After commanding other interior posts, he led the 12th military division at Nantes where he resisted the Revolution of 1830. He was arrested and retired from duty. He died in 1848.

The Herald and genealogist, vol. 3 (1866), p. 192 On 18 April 1623 Villiers was ennobled as Earl of Anglesey and Baron Villiers of Daventry. This had been in the air for more than a year, with the king seeking to persuade Villiers to give up a mistress, but in the event he had failed to do so.

His works continued to be staged during the festivities given in Versailles, Sceaux, and Fontainebleau for more than thirty-five years. He also wrote several cantatas and motets, notably De profundis. De Bury received a royal pension beginning in 1779, and was ennobled by Louis XVI in 1785, a few months before his death, which occurred at Versailles.

In 1869, the new Meiji government appointed him imperial governor of Kurokawa, which he held to the abolition of the han system in 1871. In 1879, he entered the Ministry of the Treasury. He 1884, he was ennobled with the kazoku title of shishaku (viscount). From 1890 to 1897, he served as a member of the House of Peers.

At a key point between the Auvergne, Forez, and Bourbonnais, Montgilbert was probably built by the family of Saint-Gérand around 1250, during the reign of Saint Louis. Around 1280, the Aycelin family bought the castle. They were rich bourgeoisie, later ennobled, of the Auvergne. The castle was passed by marriage to the De Vienne family.

However, in 1637, Leslie wrote to the dying Ferdinand II, making his argument that he had Habsburg blood dating back over half of a century. After Ferdinand II's death, Ferdinand III approved the request and ennobled Leslie as an Imperial Count.Worthington, p. 206 This new title brought with it a new lifestyle, new political respect and more diplomatic opportunities.

Raimonda Ragauskienė and Aivas Ragauskas: Did Augustyn Rotundus Mieleski Have One Or Two Wives? For his work and achievements Rotundus was ennobled in 1568 by Sejm held in Grodno. He was awarded Rola coat of arms. Augustinus Rotundus died on March 20, 1582 and was buried in the church of Saint John's - the Baptist and Evangelist, in Vilnius.

Coat of arms of the von Nissen (von Nissen-Benzon) family, granted upon ennoblement in 1710, from Danmarks Adels Aarbog. The family arms in the centre. Anna Nissen (1595–1654), mother of Lorentz Nicolaus Nissen. Nissen, von Nissen and von Nissen-Benzon is a Danish family of land owners from Southern Jutland, which was partially ennobled in 1710.

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor himself showed interest in its founding and progress. In appreciation for Vujanovski's meritorious activity as an education reformer and administrator he was ennobled in 1792. He also acted as a court panel assessor of several counties. At Novi Sad, where he retired with a pension, he died at quite advanced years.

Another member of Souldern's winning 1925 football team was the future Labour politician F.J. Wise (1887–1968). Wise had entered politics by 1931 and was elected MP for King's Lynn in 1945. Wise lost his seat in the 1951 General Election. He was then ennobled in the 1951 Resignation Honours as 1st Baron Wise of King's Lynn.

551 In 1961, Kindelán was ennobled as a Marqués, although the gesture was interpreted as an ironic joke on the part of Franco, mocking the fact that, despite all his efforts, Kindelán was still not living in the monarchy that he so desired.Preston, Franco, p. 573 He died the following year with Spain still under Franco.

Gustavus Hamilton, 1st Viscount Boyne PC (Ire) (1642–1723) fought for the Prince of Orange during the Williamite War in Ireland defending Coleraine in 1689, fighting at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690, fording the Shannon at the second Siege of Athlone in June 1691, and fighting at Aughrim in July. He was ennobled by King George I.

In 1895 he was named a canon of the cathedral chapter and pastor of Speyer. In 1909 he was promoted to the office of dean of the cathedral chapter. Shortly afterwards he was ennobled by Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria; henceforth he had the surname von Bettinger. On June 6, 1909 Bettinger was elected archbishop of Munich and Freising.

Jørgen Wichfeld Bertel Wichmand (1677–1732), a wealthy merchant from Nykøbing Falster, acquired Engestofte in 1727. His widow kept the estate after her husband's death. Upo her death in 1751, it passed to their eldest son, Jørgen Wichmand. He and his brother Thomas Frederik Wichmand were ennobled by letters patent with the name Wichfeld on 23 July 1777.

Memorial to Zacharias Stopius in Upeslejas, Latvia Zacharias Stopius (; 1535late 16th or early 17th century) was a Baltic German medical doctor, astronomer and astrologer, mainly active in present-day Latvia. He was ennobled by the King of Poland in 1570. His daughter Catharina Stopia was one of the first female diplomats in the service of Sweden.

He consequently moved from Riga to the court of the duke in Jelgava. However, he retained his position as city physician of Riga until 1585. As a medical doctor he had a good reputation among the nobility, and also attended the royal court of Poland in Warsaw. In 1570, he was ennobled by Sigismund II Augustus.

In 1711, he was sworn of the Privy Council and became Chancellor of the Exchequer until 1713. He was a Director of the South Sea Company from July 1711 to February 1715. In 1713 he was ennobled as Baron Bingley, and became the British ambassador to Spain. Benson founded the stately home of Bramham Park, near Wetherby, Yorkshire.

Speakers, according with their high order of precedence, are appointed to the Privy Council on election. Thus they keep entitlement to the style "The Right Honourable" and postnominal letters . On retirement most were since the Wars of the Three Kingdoms elevated to the House of Lords as viscounts. The last ennobled was George Thomas, 1st Viscount Tonypandy in 1983.

In 1760, Troilius also was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. His marriages were with Anna Elisabeth Angerstein in 1740 and with Brita Elisabet Silfverstolpe in 1751. In 1756, he and his descendants were ennobled under the surname von Troil. His son Uno von Troil (1746-1803) also served as Archbishop of Uppsala.

Sir Robert was ennobled by the new king Henry VII as Lord Willoughby de Brooke and appointed as Steward of the Royal Household. However, the Willoughby family had now chosen to base themselves not at Southwick Court but at Brooke Hall, and in 1520, Sir Robert’s son, also Robert, and the second Lord Willoughby de Brooke, sold the house.

Alexander Fuller-Acland-Hood PC was the Conservative Party Member of Parliament for Wellington from 1892 until 1911, Vice-Chamberlain of the Household from 1900 to 1902 and Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (Chief Whip) from 1902 until 1905. He was sworn a Privy Counsellor in 1904. In 1911, he was ennobled as Baron St Audries.

Moreover, corruption was rife, with many bourgeoisie simply attaching the noble particle 'de' to their name or assuming nonexistent titles. Investigations into this behaviour were stopped in 1727. Furthermore, many governmental offices and positions were sold to raise cash. The bourgeoisie bought these positions and hence were ennobled; by 1765, six thousand families had gained nobility through this method.

His actual tasks has been described as "somewhere between that of a valet and a barber". He was also active as a painter, and he is known to have decorated some of the cabinets at Drottningholm Palace. Eventually, the queen dowager had him ennobled. In 1709, Been left Sweden furnished with travel funds by the queen.

On the other hand, particles were almost exclusively used by and associated with them. Especially in the late 17th and 18th centuries, a person would often receive a particle along with his or her old or new family name when ennobled. Examples are families like de Gyldenpalm (lit. 'of Goldenpalm') and von Munthe af Morgenstierne (lit.

She led over 6000 Zhuang infantry against the pirates and successfully defeated them at Wangjiangjing (north of modern Jiaxing). As a consequence, the emperor ennobled Wa Shi and granted her the title of ‘Lady of Premier Rank’ (一品夫人; yi pin fu ren). Wa Shi died in 1560 and was buried in the Guangxi region.

He obtained a royal license to open a starch and cosmetic powder factory at Engestofte in 1770. Jørgen Wichmand and his brother Thomas Frederik Wichmand were ennobled by letters patent with the name Wichfeld on 23 July 1777. He was a deputy district judge at Lolland- Falsters landsting in 1769-87 and was appointed to etatsråd in 1779.

The town of was mentioned for the first time in the Lorsch codex as "Urbach". Through the marriage of Hildegard von Henneberg, areas of the Bergstraße passed to Henry II of Katzenelnbogen in 1135. Henry was ennobled as an earl in 1138 by King Konrad III. At that time, Auerbach belonged to the County of Katzenelnbogen.

In the same year, King William announced his intention to marry Émilie Ambre, a French opera singer, whom he ennobled as countess d'Ambroise – without government consent. Under pressure from society and the government, he abandoned these marriage plans. William remained eager to remarry. In 1878, he first proposed to his niece, Princess Elisabeth of Saxe- Weimar.

In 1823 the king appointed him secretary general of the Munich art academy.Andresen, Andreas. Wagner himself increasingly moved from painting to sculpture, but had less and less time for his own artistic work. Meanwhile Wagner had become such an important advisor to King Ludwig that he ennobled him in 1825 – from then on he was called von Wagner.

The family Delavallée Poussin, also denominated as de La Vallée Poussin, is a family of the French bourgeoisie coming from Normandy in France. Settled in Belgium since the end of the 19th century, most of its members still live there today. Two members of this family ware ennobled in the 20th century by the king of Belgium.

Most humans are happy with Tanu rule. Humans with valuable talents like genetics, robotics, etc. are often given golden torcs and are sometimes even ennobled. Other humans with latent metapsychic powers are also given silver torcs which brings them to operable just like the golden torcs, but also contain the control circuitry of the gray torc.

His grandson was the President of the Electoral Bavarian Upper Court of Appellation, Aloys Reichsgraf Basselet von La Rosée. Ruffini was elevated Electoral Bavarian Court Chamber Councillor and Imperial Privy Councillor. In 1720, he was ennobled in Vienna. He is remembered through the Ruffini House at Munich's Rindermarkt, named after the Ruffini tower which he bought in 1708.

Hector Gottfried Masius was born in Mecklenburg and came to Copenhagen where he served as court preacher and professor. He achieved great wealth through his marriages to Birgitte Magdalene Engberg and acquired a number of large estates on the southern part of Zealand. His children were ennobled by letters patent with the name von der Maase in 1712.

Coat of arms of Brauner. Brauner is a Swedish noble family, with eldest primogenitor the vicar Nicolaus Brodderi Braun (1617-1692) in Madesjö, Nybro, Diocese of Växjö. The County Governor :sv:Johan Brauner (1668-1743) was ennobled (n:o 1490) in 1715 by King Charles XII of Sweden; elevated to Freiherr in 1731 by King Frederick I of Sweden.

In 1796, he was ennobled with rank of baron. Heinrich Christian Valentiner In 1802, Bredeshave was sold to Georg Johannes Røbye. The estate was in the same time granted status of a manor. He sold the estate in 1805 and it then changed hands a number of times over the next one and a half decades.

In Amsterdam around 1690 he worked out theory to support the work Johann Konrad Ammann was doing with deaf people. He also spent much time in Germany and England. From 1644, when his father died, to 1658, when Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor ennobled him, he was constantly involved in diplomacy for German princes and their families.

He also took Cetinje a few days later. After Montenegro's subjugation, Trollmann became in the same year General of the Infantry. In 1916–17, he remained in Albania on the Salonika Front at the head of his 19th Army Corps. For taking Mount Lovcen, he was ennobled in 1917 as baron with the style of Freiherr Trollmann von Lovcenberg.

Severin de Junge (28 November 1680 - 14 October 1757) was a Danish government official, Supreme Court justice and director of the Danish West India Company. He was on 6 April 1731 ennobled under the name de Junge. He owned Sonnerupgaard and Skullerupgaard but economic difficulties forced him to sell both estates in the second half of the 1740s.

Charles immediately acknowledged their child. He spent his first three years with his mother, was in 1650 entrusted to Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie and ennobled in 1674. In contrast to other mistresses of Swedish royalty, Allertz did not marry directly after the relationship was broken. Her mother was granted several sums in the capacity of her guardian.

In 1693 he and his brother were ennobled in Sweden as barons Hamilton de Hageby. Hamilton came to prominence in the wars of Charles XII, especially against the Danes in 1710 at the Battle of Helsingborg. He was in action defending against the Russians at Gävle in 1719. He became a general and master of the ordnance.

Julius Johannes Ludovicus Ritter von Payer (2 September 1841, - 29 August 1915), ennobled Ritter von Payer in 1876, was an officer of the Austro- Hungarian Army, mountaineer, arctic explorer, cartographer, painter, and professor at the Theresian Military Academy. He is chiefly known for the Austro-Hungarian North Pole expedition in 1872–74 and the discovery of Franz Josef Land.

He was honoured for his services to cricket, the first English cricketer to be ennobled in this way. His uncle, Graham Cowdrey, also played for KentEdwards R (2015) Cowdrey brothers’ double act is big hit, The Independent, 2015-04-18. Retrieved 2016-05-23. and his great-grandfather, Ernest Cowdrey made one first-class cricket appearance in the 1920s.

In 1670 he became a doctor of medicine at Angers, France. In 1674 he settled as a physician in Stockholm where his practice primarily served the aristocracy. In 1669 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was appointed first physician to the King Charles XI of Sweden in 1684 and was ennobled in 1689.

Bernard Freyberg, although not born in New Zealand and resident outside New Zealand for a considerable portion of his life, had significant connections with New Zealand, and was ennobled while serving as Governor-General of New Zealand in 1951. The current bearer of the title, Valerian Freyberg, 3rd Baron Freyberg, is based in the United Kingdom and is one of the 92 hereditary peers elected to sit in the House of Lords. Arthur Porritt, a New Zealand-born physician, surgeon, statesman and athlete, became a baronet in 1963 and was appointed Governor-General of New Zealand in 1967 (the first person born in New Zealand to serve in this post), serving until 1972. He moved to live in England upon the expiry of his term as Governor-General, and was later ennobled in 1973.

For this reason, he was confirmed as domain governor of Mutsuura in June 1869. He left public service with the abolition of the han system in July 1871. In 1887, he was ennobled with the title of viscount (shishaku) under the kazoku peerage system. Yonekura Masakoto was married to a daughter of Suwa Tadamichi, daimyō of the Suwa Domain in Shinano Province .

The De Chair family, settled in England since the end of the seventeenth century, was of Huguenot descent and could trace their ancestry to Rene de la Chaire, whose grandson, Jean de la Chaire, was ennobled as a marquis in 1600 by Henry IV of France. They rose to gentry status through generations of clergymen.Burke's Landed Gentry, eighteenth edition, vol. I, ed.

Ennoblement is the conferring of nobility—the induction of an individual into the noble class. Currently only a few kingdoms still grant nobility to people; among them Spain, the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Vatican. Depending on time and region, various laws have governed who could be ennobled and how. Typically, nobility was conferred on individuals who had assisted the sovereign.

Coat of arms of the count´s family, Adlerberg Count Vladimir Fyodorovich Adlerberg I (born Eduard Ferdinand Woldemar von Adlerberg () 21 November 1791 – 29 March 1884) was a general in the Imperial Russian Army and a Russian government minister. The son of an oberst in the Swedish 'Svebelius' family, he took the name Adlerberg when he was ennobled in 1847.

Hippel was the son of Gotthard Friedrich Hippel (1743–1809), a pastor, and Henriette Stogler (1750–1779). After his mother's death the boy was sent to the Burgschule at Königsberg, and remained in the care of his uncle, the satirist Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel the Elder. In 1790 the family was ennobled. On finishing school, Hippel studied law at the Albertina in Königsberg.

During the Great Plague of Vienna (1679), the Emperor Leopold I appointed him official councillor and chief supervisor of sanitary conditions in Vienna. Soon after this he was ennobled. In 1681 he resigned his professorship and founded a scholarship for medical students. During the siege of Vienna by the Turks in 1683 he commanded the company formed of students as chief sergeant-major.

In 1547, Guidi returned to Italy to become the personal physician of Cosimo di Medici and taught at Pisa. He took holy orders and was ennobled. A book on medicine, incomplete at his death in 1569, was finished by his nephew as Ars Medicinalis between 1596 and 1611. Today, the Vidian nerve in the skull and the Vidian artery are named after him.

In 1713 he purchased a substantial estate at Peper Harrow, in Surrey, from Philip Frowde.Victoria County History, A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3 (1911), pp. 49–52, Parishes: Peper Harrow Date accessed: 16 May 2010. He was appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland in 1714 and was ennobled in the Peerage of Ireland in 1715, as the 1st Baron Brodrick.

For a time he was tutor in history to Archduke Charles Louis and the archduke's travelling companion in journeys to France and Constantinople. In 1899 Weiss was ennobled and made a knight on the Order of the Iron Crown. In 1892 he was appointed a life-member of the House of Lords and in 1893 he received the title of court councillor.

Soon he was appointed the governor of the Swedish Gdov. In 1618 he was ennobled under the Swedish Crown. Feodor Aminev's mother was Princess Helena Ivanova Golitsin, daughter of Great Novgorod's Governor, Prince Ivan Jurivich Golitsin. Aminoff's is a traditional military family but in 1900s and 2000s they have been involved more in business and industry and as public servants.

Their other children were Jacquemin, Jean, Pierre and Catherine. Charles VII ennobled Jacques and Isabelle's family on 29 December 1429, an act which was registered by the Chamber of Accounts on 20 January 1430. The grant permitted the family to change their surname to "du Lys". living in Domrémy, a village which was then in the French part of the Duchy of Bar.

The Thirty Years' War started the destruction of the castle when Croatian troops (under Johann Ludwig Hektor von Isolani) captured the Krayenburg. However, it continued to play an important role in German history until the 19th century. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited the castle in 1782, the year he was ennobled. The castle was originally very large, once larger than Wartburg Castle.

Together with Michael Thumb, Christian Thumb and Kaspar Moosbrugger, he was one of the main representatives of the so-called Vorarlberg school of architecture, which continued the Roman Baroque ideal of long edifices with galleries and mainly two bell towers. In 1722, he was ennobled and took the name Franz Beer, Edler von Blaichten. He died in the Austrian town of Bezau.

In some way Karaczay ran afoul of his commander Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, becoming the target of his "envy and resentment". He also suffered from frequent illness because of "war fatigue". Pleading sickness, he was released from service and went to live with his family at Lemberg and later Budapest. On 1 October 1798 Karaczay was ennobled as a Graf (count).

He participated in key battles of Great Northern War including: the Battle of Narva in 1700, and the Crossing of Daugava near Riga in 1701. He participated in the Battle of Klissow on 9 July 1702. He was in the Battle of Punitz on 28 October 1704. He was made a royal advisor in 1705, and ennobled as a count in 1706.

Percy was returned to Parliament for Kensington South in a November 1895 by-election, replacing the ennobled Sir Algernon Borthwick. In August 1902 he was appointed Under-Secretary of State for India in the Conservative administration of Arthur Balfour, a post he held until 1903, and was then Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs under Balfour from 1903 to 1905.

Very little is known about de Poulengy's life. He is believed to have been born sometime around 1392 in Champagne, but the exact circumstances of his birth are unclear. His father, Jean de Poulengy, was ennobled in 1425. De Poulengy was serving under Robert de Baudricourt in Vaucouleurs when Joan of Arc began demanding an audience with the King of France, Charles VII.

Until shortly before the French Revolution the seigneur was Jean-Joseph de Laborde, an ennobled business man with progressive views, who was to be guillotined in 1794. In July 2019 a collectors gathering was held at La Ferté for Citroën to mark the company's 100th anniversary. The event spread over one weekend and showed over 8,000 cars with nearly 100,000 people in attendance.

He then served as chairman of the Board of Audit from 1900–1901. While Utsumi was Governor of Nagasaki, he hosted former United States President Ulysses S. Grant on his visit to Japan. Utsumi was ennobled with the kazoku peerage title danshaku (baron) in 1887. He also served as a member of the House of Peers from its inception in 1890.

Barnekow was a son of Pomeranian nobleman Hans Mortensen Barnekow til Birkholm (d. 1559) and Mette Johansdatter Oxe (d. 1582), sister of Danish finance minister and Steward of the Realm, Peder Oxe (1520–1575). Barnekow held several estates, including Løvenborg (Løvenborg slott) which had been acquired by his father from the Crown in 1547 at which time he was also ennobled.

Fritz Adam Hermann von Opel (4 May 1899 – 8 April 1971), known as Fritz Adam Hermann Opel until his father was ennobled in 1917, was the only son of Wilhelm von Opel and a grandson of Adam Opel, founder of the Opel company. He is remembered mostly for his spectacular demonstrations of rocket propulsion that earned him the nickname "Rocket Fritz".

But once again, his views were largely disregarded by the establishment. He nonetheless manifested his ideas in a combined book of grammar and dictionary, published in 1716. In 1719 he and his children were ennobled by Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden, for his services. In those days the wooden buildings of cities were subject to disastrous fires, and Uppsala was no exception.

Robert Cloche, squire, sieur of La Malmaison, was from a family from Nancy, Lorraine, ennobled by Charles III, Duke of Lorraine on 12 August 1596. His father was Georges Cloche, a prosecutor of the king and then a lawyer in the Élection d'Épernay, part of the Généralité de Châlons in the province of Champagne. He was an officer in the Picardy regiment.

He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge. On 10 November 1796 he was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Lancashire and in the same year of 1796 was elected as a Member of Parliament for Preston and Lancashire which seats he held until 1832, when he was ennobled as Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe, of Bickerstaffe in the County Palatine of Lancaster.

Bredo von Munthe af Morgenstierne Bredo Munthe purchased Bækkeskov in 1741. He placed the land from some of the tenant farms directly under the manor, modernized the management of the estate and improved the fam buildings. He was ennobled ny letters patent under the name von Munthe af Morgenstierne in 1755. He died on the estate on 13 January 1757.

Neergaard is a Danish noble family descended from War Councillor Peter Johansen Neergaard, whose two sons Jens Bruun Neergaard (1742–1788) and Johan Thomas Neergaard (1745–1806) were ennobled on 2 May 1788. The descendants of Jens Bruun Neergaard are referred to as the "elder branch" and the descendants of Johan Thomas Neergaard are referred to as the "younger branch".

Geijer is a Swedish family. According to the tradition, it immigrated from Austria in the early 17th century. The family includes the noble branches af Geijerstam and von Geijer. The af Geijerstam branch is descended from Emanuel af Geijerstam (1730–1788), who was ennobled in 1773 and introduced at the House of Nobility in the following year with the number 2010.

Edward Herbert (c. 1542 - 1595) was an English politician, who was the second son of the Earl of Pembroke. In 1587, he purchased the lands of the abeyant barony of Powis from his distant relative, Edward, bastard son of the 3rd Baron Grey of Powis - the direct descendant of the last prince of Powys Wenwynwyn. His son, William was ennobled as Baron Powis.

Antoine Vallot was ennobled by King Louis XIV. in 1668. The French as well as the German branch of the family produced a number of well-known personalities, such as the architect of the German Reichstag Paul Wallot, the physicist Julius Wallot and Joseph Vallot, who erected the observatory Refuge Vallot on the Mont Blanc built that still exists today.

Herman Leopoldus Loevenskiold The buyer was Herman Leopoldus, a timber merchant and shipowner from Skien-Porsgrund in Norway. He had already purchased Aggersvold at Hjembæk, in 1737. In 1738, he was ennobled under the name Løvenskiold. He died in 1750. Severin Løvenskiold (1777–1856) a son by his second wife, inherited Birkholm and Aggersvold as well as several iron works in Norway.

During the Meiji period he worked in various occupations (even as a clerk for a business in Hakodate), before working for the government. In the Meiji period, his family was ennobled as part of the kazoku system. For a time he also served at Tōshō-gū in Nikkō. Hayashi lived well into the 20th century, and was famous as "the last daimyō".

III: pp. 173–253, here p. 189\. . On 20 June 1648 Queen Christina of Sweden invested the veteran and former Paymaster General Melchior Degingk (Degens) 1616–1683; later ennobled von Schlangenfel[d]tJohann Diederich von Steinen, Versuch einer Westphälischen Geschichte, besonders der Grafschaft Mark: 7 pieces, Dortmund: Bädeker, 1749, piece 4: 'Historie des Gerichts Hagen', pp. 1215–1408, here pp.

I (1990) pp. 78-115. with Bass, Ratcliff, Gretton and Evershed representing Burton, and Gretton and Wardle representing South Derbyshire. Many brewers were ennobled, including Allsopp, Bass and Gretton, creating a subgroup of the peerage nicknamed the Beerage. Yet an industry that had over 30 participants in 1881 had declined to eight in 1927 and many famous names disappeared from the shelves.

Wien: Mayer & Co. and Constantin spent his childhood and youth in Trieste. He was a good student, speaking several languages fluently. In 1906, his family was ennobled and Economo obtained the title "Freiherr" (Baron). At the request of his father, Economo began his study of mechanical engineering at the Polytechnic University of Vienna in 1893 but switched to medicine after two years.

Early in the evening, a major engagement resulted in the French being held off. A cannon duel continued until dark. At daylight, the British and Spanish discovered that the bulk of the French force had retired, leaving their wounded and two brigades of artillery in the field. Wellesley was ennobled as Viscount Wellington of Talavera and of WellingtonHolmes, p. 142.

Joseph-Marie-Blaise Coulomb (Toulon, 5 July 1728 — La Seyne, 2 July 1803) was a French naval engineer. Born to the Coulomb family of shipbuilders, Joseph- Marie-Blaise Coulomb studied in Toulon and later in the shipbuilding school founded by Duhamel du Monceau. He built over 19 ships for the French Royal Navy, and was ennobled on 6 February 1779 for his services.

The family originated from Johannes Fabritius (1620–71) of Brandenburg. The genus immigrated to Denmark with his son Herman Fabritius (1667-1729). Conrad Alexander Fabritius (1731-1805) and Michael Fabritius (1739-1815), as well as all legitimate children of their then-deceased father Michael Fabritius (1697-1746), were on 4 September 1778 ennobled by letters patent under the name Fabritius de Tengnagel.

He was born at Kunreuth, Bavaria, studied law at Erlangen and Göttingen, and in 1801 entered the administrative employ of Weimar. His greatest political achievement was his inducing Napoleon to keep Weimar independent (1806–07). For this he was rewarded by being ennobled and raised to the post of privy councilor. Müller became chancellor in 1815, and from 1835 to 1848 was deputy.

After the war, Diaz was appointed as a senator. In 1921, he was ennobled by King Victor Emmanuel III and given the victory title of 1st Duca della Vittoria ("Duke of the Victory"). Benito Mussolini named him Minister of War, and Diaz was promoted to Field Marshal. Upon retirement in 1924, he was given the honour of Marshal of Italy (Maresciallo d'Italia).

Kutsna was married to the lady called Rusa Mkheidze (Rusudan; died 1413). Their daughter, Natia, became the consort of King Constantine I of Georgia and mothered Alexander I, at the time of whose birth c. 1390 Kutsna was ambassador to Constantinople. The chronicles describe him as the one who was "greatly ennobled by the kings" and who "headed the army".

Like the rest of the immediate family, she was ennobled by royal grant on 29 December 1429. She moved to Orléans in 1440 after her husband's death and received a pension from the city. Isabelle Romée spent the rest of her life restoring her daughter's name. She petitioned Pope Nicholas V to reopen the court case that had convicted Joan of heresy.

He was born in Härnösand, the son of Archbishop Mathias Steuchius (1644–1730) . His family surname was ennobled in 1719 to Steuch. He was enrolled at Uppsala University in 1692 and in 1695 at Lund University. Steuchius received a doctorate in philosophy at Uppsala in 1700 and in 1701, he took up a position as professor and librarian at Lund University.

The same year, her children with the king were ennobled. When King Frederick died in 1839, she was brought to his lit-de-parade at the royal palace to mourn by his corpse alongside his widow, the queen dowager. When she died, she was given a military funeral in recognition of the colonel-rank given to her by the monarch.

Between 1481 and 1570, at least 44 Buas appear as stratioti captains. Among them two Gjin, Gjon, Bardh Bua. The best known was Mercurio Bua who in time was ennobled. In modern Greece, in 1504 a branch of the Albanian tribe of Bua who remained in the Ionian Islands were part of the colonization of the abandoned island of Ithaca.

A few years later her sister Theresa contracted a morganatic marriage with Prince Adalbert of Prussia, and was ennobled under the title of Baroness von Barnim. Theresa was left a widow in 1873, and died on 19 November 1878. Fanny Elssler died in Vienna on 27 November 1884. She was played by Lilian Harvey in the 1937 German film Fanny Elssler.

This was reinforced by ennobling Leon Bear as having the best interests of the tribe at heart. Aligning proponents with ennobled scientists legitimizes their arguments. In contrast, opponents vilified Leon Bear, disputing the legitimacy of his leadership and claiming corruption, such as embezzlement and having bribed tribe members. Opponents also used charges of racism, especially in terms of environmental justice and environmental racism.

Circle of William Dobson, Sir Charles Coote, 2nd Baronet, ca. 1642, before he was ennobled, in Ballyfin Demesne Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Mountrath (c. 1610 – 17 December 1661) was an Anglo-Irish peer, the son of Sir Charles Coote, 1st Baronet, and Dorothea Cuffe, the former being an English veteran of the Battle of Kinsale (1601) who subsequently settled in Ireland.

Having been appointed governor of Counties Leitrim and Donegal in 1777 and 1781 respectively, Clements was ennobled as Baron Leitrim, of Manor Hamilton in 1783. He was subsequently created Viscount Leitrim in 1794, and Earl of Leitrim in 1795. In 1801, he was elected as one of the original Irish representative peers,Cook, C. & Stevenson, J. (1980). British Historical Facts 1760-1830.

Tomb of Baron de Hirsch, Montmartre Cemetery, Paris The family's monument Hirsch was born on 9 December 1831 in Munich. His parents were Baron Joseph von and Caroline Wertheimer. His grandfather, the first Jewish landowner in Bavaria, was ennobled in 1818 with the appellation auf Gereuth. His father, who was banker to the Bavarian king, was made a Freiherr in 1869.

His father was a councilor of the provincial Parlement of AixCharles Mullié. "Sextius Alexandre François de Miollis", in Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850. Paris, 1852 (edition) (Wikisource) who was ennobled in 1770 for his services at the legal courts there. He entered service at age 17 in the infantry regiment of the Soissonnais.

Grigg held the seat until its abolition for the 1945 general election, when he was ennobled as Baron Altrincham. In 1935 Oliver returned to contest Manchester Blackley without success. Hudson was defeated again at Stockport in 1935, but returned to the House of Commons in 1945 as MP for Ealing West. The National Government ended the Russian Trade embargo on 1 July 1933.

He was born in Leutschau (today Levoča, Slovakia), Hungary, and received his education at the University of Göttingen, where Heyne and Schlözer were among his teachers. He wrote several historical works which in their day were treasure houses of knowledge and scholarship. He was the first to put the history of Hungary on a sound scholarly basis. In 1812 he was ennobled.

The Løvenskiold family descend from merchant Herman Leopoldus (died 1696), who immigrated from Lübeck to Christiania (now Oslo, Norway). His son, also named Herman Leopoldus (1677–1750), became quite wealthy. Both he and his son, Herman Løvenskiold (1701-1759), were ennobled by letters patent in 1739, by paying the King's private fund (partikulærkassen).Albert Fabritius: Danmarks Riges Adel, Copenhagen, 1946, p 52.

During his career, he would take part in nineteen boardings, eleven with his father, and eight after his father died. François Cornil Bart became a garde-marine on 1 January 1692. Jean Bart was ennobled in August 1694 by letters signed by King Louis XIV and countersigned by Louis Phélypeaux. This gave Francois-Cornil the right to call himself the Chevalier Bart.

In 1632 or 1633 he was promoted to Major-General by Albrecht von Wallenstein, and in 1634 was appointed commander of the Prague garrison. On 25 February 1634 he was ennobled by Ferdinand II for his service in the Austrian army. In the summer of 1635, after leaving Wallenstein, he returned to Luxembourg. On 18 April 1637 Ferdinand III made him a Baron.

Per Olofsson later took the name von Estenberg when he was ennobled. Per's wife, Peter Estenberg's mother, was Elsa Bengtsdotter Balck. When Peter was ten his parents sent him to live and study in Uppsala, seat of one of northern Europe's most noted universities. He stayed there for over a decade before relocating to Lund in 1709 to continue his studies.

On 2 December 1856 he married Mary Dorothea Gibbs, daughter of George Henry Gibbs by his wife Caroline Crawley. The couple had eight children, of whom two sons and two daughters survived their father. One of his sons, Brien, became Governor of the Bank of England from 1918 to 1920 and was ennobled in 1920 as Baron Cullen of Ashbourne.

Edmondson married Isabel (or Isabele/Isabelle) Anne (or Annie). His eldest son, Albert James Edmondson, joined the family business in the 1920s and later became a Conservative Party member of Parliament and was ennobled as a Baron Sandford in 1945. Their other children were Percival H., Elsee M. and Cyril A.James Edmonson England and Wales Census, 1901. FamilySearch. Retrieved 29 December 2016.

Portrait of Gustaf Gabriel Hällström by Johan Erik Lindh, c. 1830 Gustaf Gabriel Hällström (25 November 1775 – 2 June 1844) was a Finnish scientist. He was active in several fields, contributing to the establishment of an astronomical observatory in Turku as well as initiating the earliest systematic meteorological observations in Finland. His children were ennobled in recognition of his achievements.

Clowes, p. 318 A blockade of the Spanish Atlantic ports was instituted, especially Cadiz, the large southern fleet anchorage, and the Spanish did not again attempt to break out during the remainder of the year. Early in 1798, rumours reached Jervis, recently ennobled as Earl St Vincent, of a buildup of French forces around the Mediterranean seaport of Toulon under General Napoleon Bonaparte.

Heaton-Armstrong was born at Salisbury House, Edmonton, the son of the Austrian-born politician and businessman William Heaton- Armstrong and his wife, Baroness Bertha Adalberta Maximiliana Zois-Edelstein, who came from an ennobled Habsburg family. She was the granddaughter of Karl von Zois, whose brother was Sigmund Zois. Heaton-Armstrong was educated at Eton College and Trinity Hall, Cambridge.

He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Stratford division of West Ham at the 1918 general election, but was defeated at the 1922 general election. He was returned to the House of Commons in 1923 general election for Epping, but stood down at the 1924 general election to make way for Winston Churchill. He did not stand again until 1940, when he was elected as MP for Bournemouth at an unopposed by-election, and held the seat until he was ennobled in October 1945 in Churchill's resignation honours list, having stood aside to make way for Brendan Bracken. He was knighted in the King's Birthday Honours 1923, made a baronet on 22 June 1932, and was ennobled on 13 September 1945 as Baron Lyle of Westbourne, of Canford Cliffs in the County of Dorset.

St Katherine's Convent, Parmoor. Parmoor is a hamlet to the south of Frieth in the parish of Hambleden, in Buckinghamshire, England. It has a Site of Special Scientific Interest, Fayland Chalk Bank. In the 1870s, Parmoor House was the home of Henry Cripps, Q.C.. His son Charles Cripps, who inherited it in 1899, was ennobled in 1914 and took the title Baron Parmoor of Frieth.

Christine, Baroness Van den Wyngaert (born 2 April 1952) is a Belgian jurist and judge. She served as international and comparative criminal law expert from 2009 to 2018 as a judge on the International Criminal Court. She served in the Trial Division Chamber. On 8 July 2013, Van den Wyngaert was ennobled by King Albert II of Belgium as a baroness for her services as a judge.

Jean-Jacques Bouchard (30 October 1606, in Paris – 26 August 1641, in Rome) was a French writer. He was the son of Jean Bouchard, Secretary of the King, and Claude Merceron, a relation of Gilles Ménage, from a recently ennobled family composed of judges.Emanuele Kanceff, "Introduction" of the Journal by Bouchard, Turin, Giappichelli, 1976, p. IX Bouchard was an author of erotic literature and notably published Confessions.

Pair of commemorative stamps issued by the Romanian People's Republic in 1957 The delegates of the three Estates of Transylvania, noblemen (including the ennobled Saxons and Vlachs), Székelys, and Saxons, assembled at Torda on 2 February 1438. They confirmed their "brotherly union" against the rebellious peasants and the Ottoman marauders. Nine leaders of the revolt were executed at the assembly. Other defenders of Kolozsvár were mutilated.

Takakazu was Tadataka's nephew, the son of his brother Takamasa. Tadakazu was initially enfeoffed at Tatsuno (50,000 koku) in Harima Province. In 1658, Takakazu was transferred to Marugame in Sanuki Province, where the contrived descendants of Takatsugu remained until the abolition of the han system in 1871. The head of this Kyōgoku clan branch were ennobled as an hereditary viscount in the Meiji period.

He was once again Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between 1931 and 1937, firstly under Ramsay MacDonald and from 1935 onwards under Baldwin. On Baldwin's retirement in 1937, Davidson left the House of Commons and was ennobled as Viscount Davidson. Despite being only 48, he never took any further active part in politics. His wife Frances, Viscountess Davidson, succeeded him as MP for Hemel Hempstead.

Verdicenan married Abdulmejid for a political alliance, in 1844. She was given the title of "Sixth Consort". Her whole family was ennobled, father, brothers and nephews. The most notorious were her brother, Islam Bey's son Rasim Bey, who was given the position of doctor in the palace and her brother Ahmet Bey's son Osman Pasha, who was given the position of aide at Sultan Abdulaziz's palace.

In 1679, he was appointed secretary to the board of trade and ennobled. In 1689, he was made one of the secretaries of state, and Charles XI recommended him on his deathbed to his son and successor, Charles XII. Piper became the most confidential of the new sovereign's ministers. In 1697 he was made a senator and set over domestic affairs while still retaining his state-secretaryship.

Although appointed due to his commendable military and apolitical record, Yashiro's bluntness over issues with the Navy's budget led to his forced resignation in April 1915. In December, he was sent back as commander of the IJN 2nd Fleet. Yashiro was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system in July 1916. From December 1917, he was commander of the Sasebo Naval District.

Till 1640 he served as Agent to the Iberian Union, but then choose for the Portuguese Crown. On 14 June 1641 Jacob Curiel was ennobled by Joao IV of Portugal. In 1645 his son Moses Curiel was appointed as Agent of the Portuguese Crown in Amsterdam. Salomon Curiel, assumed the position of Agent of the Portuguese Crown in Hamburg after his father's death in 1664.

Gabriele von Lutzau, 2010 Gabriele von Lutzau, née Dillmann (born 15 August 1954, Wolfsburg, Federal Republic of Germany) is a German heroine and sculptor. She is remembered as the "Angel of Mogadishu" for her role in a notorious hijacking, and is also noted for her abstract beechwood sculptures. She is by marriage a member of the Russian-German Lutzau family that was ennobled in Imperial Russia.

He formulated that royal privilege, in which Béla III ennobled three royal servants, the ancestors of the Salamon de Milej noble family and donated the village of Milej in Zala County to them. However this royal charter later proved to be a non-authentic forgery. He elevated into the position of Bishop of Transylvania by 1181. Simultaneously, Paul was succeeded as "chancellor" possibly by notary Vaska.

Andreas Murray died in 1771. He was praised as a thorough theologian and as a particularly excellent preacher. Andreas Murray's son by his first marriage, Johann Philipp Murray (1726-1776), became a professor of History at the University of Göttingen. From his second marriage, Johann Andreas Murray (1740-1791) became a professor and Gustaf Murray (1747-1825) became a Bishop and was ennobled in 1810.

Arms of the family de Créqui dit la Roche; they were noble in France and non- noble in Denmark and Norway. However, they had a prominent position in the country and its military. Thor von Ditten.Christopher Tostrup Paus, a Norwegian of the Eastern Norwegian patriciate, was ennobled in 1923 by the Pope and conferred a hereditary comital title, recognised by the Holy See and Italy.

Strahlenberg was born in Stralsund, which then belonged to Sweden, and his original name was Philip Johan Tabbert. He joined the Swedish army in 1694 and was promoted captain in 1703. In 1707, he was ennobled and took the name von Strahlenberg. Taking part in the Great Northern War, he was captured by the victorious Russian forces during the Battle of Poltava in 1709.

Mitchell was a founder of the Social Democrats in 1981 and twice stood unsuccessfully for Parliament for the party in general elections, at Ealing Acton in the 1983 general election and then at Salisbury in 1987. Mitchell was ennobled in 2000 and took the Labour whip. He served on the Science and Technology Select Committee. In 2012 he was appointed Shadow Business Minister but resigned in 2013.

August Schiøtt: Frederik, Steinmann In 1804, Tybjerggaard was acquired by Jacob Neergaard. He was the sixth child of Johan Thomas de Neergaard, the owner of Ringsted Abbey, Merløsegaard and Kærup, who had been ennobled under the name de Neergaard in 1780. His wife, Sophie Magdalene Dinesen[1], was a daughter of Anders Ninesen at Gyldenholm Manor. Tybjerggaard in 1870 Jacob de Neergaard died in 1833.

Lerchenborg in the late 19th century When Christian Cornelius Lerche, who had inherited Lerchenborg in 1804, was ennobled with rank of count, on 26 May 1818, Lerchenborg was combined with Aunsøgård, Mineslund, Asnæsgård, Lerchenfeld, Birkendegård, Vesterbygård, Astrup and Davrup to form the County of Lerchenborg (Grevskabet Lerchenborg). In 1862, Hans Christian Andersen stayed at Lerchenborg for a week as guest of Count C.A. Lerche.

After having served in Holland and Hannover, Berthezène was promoted to colonel in 1807 and was given command of the 10th light infantry regiment. For his service at Heilsberg he was ennobled as a baron. After the Peace of Tilsitt Berthezène occupied the isle of Rügen. When the War of the Fifth Coalition started, Berthezène and his regiment joined the division of Saint-Hilaire near Regensburg.

Bertram Sturm was a descendant of an old family from Münstereifel in the Duchy of Jülich, which is first mentioned in 1436. They had been advisors for generations. On 12 September 1632, he was ennobled in Vienna, and his family name was officially changed into von Sturm zu Vehlingen. On 23 September 1633 in Ebersdorf, Emperor Ferdinand II gave him the predicate von Vehlingen.

Portrait of Admiral Theodor Ankarcrona. Ankarcrona is a Swedish noble family originating from Christoffer Jakobsson, a German Protestant convert who immigrated to Sweden from Bohemia in the 17th century, and resided in Ronneby in Sweden. Two of his grandsons were ennobled, but these branches ceased in 1719 and 1750. The now living branch stems from his third grandson, the assessor Jakob Christoffer in Karlskrona.

" The Washington Post said: "So great were her dynamism and force that it was almost impossible to resist her ... Not only her own people, but all America has been enriched and ennobled by her courageous, ebullient spirit." Her hometown newspaper, the Daytona Beach Evening News printed, "To some, she seemed unreal, something that could not be. ... What right had she to greatness? ... The lesson of Mrs.

Antoine Crozat and his brother Pierre Crozat were born in Toulouse, France, the sons of a wealthy banking family. They moved to Paris around 1700 and rose from obscurity to become two of the wealthiest financiers of France.Leclair 1996, p. 208. By way of lending money to the government, Antoine was ennobled as the Marquis du Châtel, a title he transmitted to his eldest son Louis-François.

Victor Alexander George Anthony Warrender, 1st Baron Bruntisfield, MC (23 June 1899 – 14 January 1993), known as Sir Victor Warrender, Bt, between 1917 and 1942, was a British Conservative politician. He held minor political office between 1928 and 1945, notably as Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty from 1940 to 1945 in Winston Churchill's war-time coalition government. In 1942 he was ennobled as Baron Bruntisfield.

Nicholas Barnewall was born on 15 April 1668 in Ireland. He was the eldest son of Henry Barnewall and his second wife Mary Nugent. His father was the 2nd Viscount and his grandfather, also named Nicholas Barnewall, had been ennobled by King Charles I on 12 September 1645 for loyalty to his cause. His mother was a daughter of Richard Nugent, 2nd Earl of Westmeath.

He served in this capacity at the Dolmabahçe Palace from 1786 until 1790. As a diplomat, he signed into action a formal alliance between the Ottomans and the Prussians on 31 January 1790. He elevated to the nobility, as a reward for his diplomatic service, in 1786. Upon being ennobled, he was granted the right to include the nobiliary particle "von" in his surname.

Richard Pipes, Russia under the Old Regime, p. 179 In 1841, landless nobles were banned from selling serfs separate from the land.Geroid Tanquary Robinson, Rural Russia under the Old Régime: A History of the Landlord-Peasant World, p. 37 From 1845, attainment of the 5th highest rank (out of 14) in the Table of Ranks was required to be ennobled, previously it had been the 8th rank.

Julius Caesar Capaccio Julius Caesar Capaccio (1552–1631) was a learned Italian of the 17th century. He was born of a humble family, which he ennobled, in Campania. He studied the civil and canon law at Naples, where he became secretary to the city, and one of the founders of the Academy of Oziosi. The duke of Urbino employed him as tutor to his son.

Iselin was ennobled with title of baron in 1776. When he died in 1781, his widow Anna Elisabeth Iselin née Fanritius founded Stamhuset Iselingen for their oldest daughter Marie Margrethe Iselin. Rosenfeldt was also turned into a stamhus and passed on to the younger daughter Anna Elisabeth Iselin. The legal effect of a stamhus was that the estate could not be sold or divided between several heirs.

Even the status of those who remained on castle lands were threatened from the 1370s by the emerging idea of "royal right".Engel 2001, p. 149. According to this concept, all land that was not owned by the nobility or an ecclesiastic body belonged to the monarch, thus the property rights of those who had not been ennobled could be questioned.Engel 2001, pp. 148-149.

The daughter, Elizabeth, of Sir John Lyons, (d.1385) who was Lord of Warkworth, married Sir John Chetwode: Elizabeth had no male siblings and the estate passed to Chetwode, who adopted the Lyons arms and the title 'Lord of Warkworth'. However, during the 15th century, a member of the Warkworth line of the House of Lyons was ennobled as Baron Lyon of Warkworth, Northamptonshire.

Robert Stevenson Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan, (28 February 18713 September 1940) was a Scottish businessman, advocate and Unionist politician. He served under David Lloyd George as Minister of Labour between 1919 and 1920, as President of the Board of Trade between 1920 and 1921 and as Chancellor of the Exchequer between 1921 and 1922. In 1937 he was ennobled as Viscount Horne of Slamannan.

Max Ferdinand Bahrfeldt, ennobled as von Bahrfeldt in 1913 (February 6, 1856, Willmine, District of Templin, Uckermark – April 11, 1936, Halle an der Saale) was a royal Prussian General of the Infantry, a local historian, and a numismatist of world renown. In the anglophone and francophone world, however, he was also notorious as the alleged perpetrator of atrocities in Charleroi, Belgium, during the German invasion of 1914.

Karl Gustaf von Brinkman in 1835. Karl Gustaf von Brinkman (25 February 1764 – 25 December 1847) was a Swedish and German classicist poet, writer and diplomat. Member of the Swedish Academy 1828–1847, Seat No. 3, ennobled and elevated to Baron, chamberlain. Karl Gustaf von Brinkman was born in Nacka, Sweden and was the son of Secretary Hans Gustaf von Brinkman and Countess Beata Kristina Leijon Manor.

As the Hanseatic banker Johann von Berenberg-Gossler was ennobled in Prussia in 1889, his sister Susanne, married Amsinck, exclaimed "' [But John, our good name!]" Upon hearing of the ennoblement of Rudolph Schröder (1852–1938) of the ancient Hanseatic Schröder family, Hamburg First Mayor Johann Heinrich Burchard remarked that the Prussian King could indeed "place" (') Schröder among the nobles, but he could not "elevate" (') a Hanseatic merchant.

Faience plate with printed and painted decoration, Creil Lebeuf was director of the Creil-Montereau faience works for the Société Lebeuf et Millet from 1840 until his death. The trademark was "LM et Cie". Lebeuf purchased the château and estate of Montgermont at Pringy, Seine-et-Marne, and was ennobled. The Association pour la défense du Travail national was formed to oppose the lowering of tariffs.

On 29 January 1783 Joachim Geelmuyden and his family were ennobled under the name Gyldenkrantz ' meaning "Golden Wreath". Their son Hans Gyldenkrantz (1759- 1813) entered into marriage with Frederikke Louise von Linstow (27 June 1759 – 20 August 1788), who was the daughter of Hartvig Christoph von Linstow and Cathrine Eleonore Fredrichsdatter Lohmann in Bergen. The couple had a son Joachim Christian Gyldenkrantz the younger (1786-1845).

He was ennobled by letters in 1703 and died at Léogâne in 1707. In 1686 he married Deslandes' mother, Marie- Françoise, the daughter of the famous knight Martin, the governor of Pondichéry. They had eight children of which six survived, including two who became clergymen. Deslandes' father brought François Martin's Memoirs back to France as books of manuscripts, and they were later published in three volumes.

Stephen Slater: The Complete Book of Heraldry. Lorenz Books 2002, p. 204 This restriction against burgher arms in Portugal lasted until the end of the Monarchy in 1910, although, by that time, it was very common to a burgher who stood out in politics, commerce, industry, agriculture, military or other matters, to be ennobled and so to become entitled to bear a coat of arms.

Nils Sveinsson was on the 20th of July 1505 ennobled by John, King of Denmark under the name Tordenstjerne (lit. Thunder Star) for his braveness in the capture of Vänersborg in Sweden. He achieved as well the title squire (Norwegian: væpner). It is said that he first was married to the Swedish noblewoman Eline Henriksdotter Måneskjold av Rise, but that the marriage was childless.

He was ennobled by royal letters patent in October 1447. Gaspard and John developed France's field artillery, standardising its calibre and switching it from wrought iron to cast iron. This gave the French army a decisive advantage over the English and helped bring an end to the Hundred Years' War. Gaspard took part in the 1450 siege of Bayeux and the battle of Castillon in 1453.

Pierre Desprès right Pierre Desprès (or Des Près, or Des Prés; Lat. de Pratis) (born 1288, at Montpezat-de-Quercy — died 1361, in Avignon) was a French Cardinal during the period of Avignon Papacy. He was son of Raymond II Desprès, seigneur of Montpezat, and Aspasie de Montaigut, the heiress of Bertrand, seigneur de Montaigut. He had a brother, Raymond, who was ennobled in 1325.

In 1550, Eustace was ennobled by Emperor Charles V as Eustace of Landfried. Eustace was legitimized as a noble son of Ernest by Pope Julius II. Eustace sold the Lordship after Ernest's death to Ernst Gelhorn von und zu Alten Greckau und Roge. In 1590, the Lordship was acquired by Rudolf of Stubenberg, who pledged it to the city of Reinerz (present-day Duszniki Zdrój) in 1595.

In 1755, the O'Shiell family became ennobled. Antoine remained a trusted friend of the Prince, acting as an intermediary with Frederick II of Prussia's ambassador to Paris the Earl Marischal in their dispute in 1754. He died at Cap Français, San Domingo (Haiti), on 2 March 1763. On his death his Jacobite peerage passed to his second and only surviving son, Antoine Jean Baptiste.

He belonged to the lordly family of Lamanon, ennobled in 1572. His father was Jean François de Paul de Lamanon and Anne de Baldony (born in Aix-en-Provence). He had two sisters and an elder brother, Auguste Paul de Lamanon (1748–1820). Auguste was destined for the French Navy by his father, becoming a garde de la marine at Toulon, then an officer.

In October 1808 he was ennobled as a baron. On the outbreak of the War of the Fifth Coalition, Pouzet commanded a brigade in the division of Saint-Hilaire, with which he served at Landshut, Eckmühl and Essling. On the second day of Essling, while conversing with his old friend Lannes, Pouzet was decapitated by a cannonball. Lannes was mortally wounded by a cannonball minutes later.

General Stjepan Sarkotić was made a Hungarian baron and officially styled Stefan Baron Sarkotić von Lovćen. Major General Ignaz Trollmann, commander of the XIX Corps, was ennobled as baron in 1917 with the style of Freiherr Trollmann von Lovcenberg. General Kövess was awarded the Silver Merit Medal (Signum Laudis) with war- ribbon on 12 January 1916 and promoted to Generaloberst on 26 February 1916.

Today, Spaendonck's Fleurs Dessinées d'après Nature is a highly treasured book on floral art. In 1788 he was appointed adviser to the Académie, and in 1795 became a founding member of the Institut de France. In 1804 he received the Légion d'honneur and soon afterwards was ennobled by Napoleon Bonaparte. Spaendonck died in Paris in 1822 and is buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery.

Marcel- Auguste Dieulafoy was born in Toulouse into an educated and ennobled family. In 1863, Dieulafoy entered the École Polytechnique where he studied civil engineering. Upon graduating, he joined France's Bureau of roads and bridges, taking up a position in Sour al-Ghozlane (then called Aumale) in Algeria. In 1870, he returned to France, assuming a post in the navigation services on the Garonne.

Enno Emil von Rintelen was born in Stettin on 6 November 1891, the son of Prussian Army Generalleutnant Wilhelm Rintelen and his wife Hedwig Russell. The family was ennobled in 1913, and added the nobiliary particle "von" to their surname. He was initially homeschooled, then attended the Schiller-Realgymnasium in Stettin, gymnasiums in Stargard and Stralsund, the lyzeum in Strassburg, and the gymnasium in Küstrin.

His descendants resided successively at Odawara Domain (105,000 koku) in Sagami Province from 1632 through 1685; at Takata Domain in Echigo province from 1685 through 1701; at Sakura Domain in Shimōsa Province from 1701 through 1723. Masanari's heirs settled at Yodo Domain (115,000 koku) in Yamashiro Province from 1723 through 1868. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

During his time in London he lived at 44 Greek Street. He formed a close association with the Wornum family that extended over two generations and resulted in the Sickert family coming to live in England. In 1823 he returned to Munich, where Maximilian II of Bavaria ennobled him and his descendants and raised him to Freiherr. He died in Munich during a cholera epidemic.

Ernst von Dohnányi, c. 1900 Ernst von Dohnányi (Hungarian: Dohnányi Ernő, ; 27 July 1877 – 9 February 1960) was a Hungarian composer, pianist and conductor. He used a German form of his name on most of his published compositions.The "von" implies nobility, and according to the biography by his third wife, Ilona, his family was ennobled in 1697 and given a family crest, which she describes. .

She entered into a relationship with him and followed him back to Brunswick in Germany, where she became his official favorite. The couple had a child, Karl Anton Ferdinand (1767–1794). Branconi lived in her own palace at Wilhelmstrasse in Brunswick, where she entertained a large social life. In 1774, she and her two children with her husband was ennobled by emperor Joseph II as "von Branconi".

Auguste closed her salon in 1823, and between 1826 and 1831 she lived in The Hague, Koblenz, Bonn and Fulda. She returned to Kassel in 1831. Augusta was regarded as a skillful painter, whose works included self-portraits. Several months after Augusta's death, William morganatically remarried his longtime mistress Emilie Ortlöpp, ennobled as Countess von Reichenbach-Lessonitz, by whom he had an additional eight children.

Merckx married Canadian triathlete Jodi Cross in 1997, and currently resides in Kelowna, British Columbia. They have two children, Axana (born 5 May 2001) and Athina Grace (born 29 June 2005). Because his father was made a baron—a personal, hereditary title—in Belgium, Axel Merckx has also been ennobled. He is therefore officially referred to as Ecuyer (in French) or Jonkheer (in Dutch) Axel Merckx.

Friedrich Kleinwächter was born in the multiethnic Prag of the times of the imperial Austria-Hungary. His family was German, living next to Czechs, Jews and others. Kleinwächter worked and died in Czernowitz/Bukovina, which was even more multiethnic (Jews, Germans, Romanians, Ukrainians and Polish) and became Romanian since 1919. In 1909, Kleinwächter had been ennobled and was authorized to use the prefix “von” before “Kleinwächter”.

Before his departure, the regent, duke Charles, demanded that he turn over certain documents which could scandalize the royal house if they became known. In 1795, he asked for permission to return to Sweden, and when denied, he reportedly threatened to expose the marriage certificate between himself and the queen. on WorldCat He was ennobled as a Count in the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza in 1816.

His career in the central administration survived Griffenfeld's fall, In 1679, he was ennobled. In 1690, he fell out of facour at Christian V's court and was dismissed from all his offices. Luxdorph left Sørup and several other of his estates to his son-in- law, Adam Christopher Knuth. In 1714, Adam Christopher Knuth was able to merge his estate into a countship under the name Knuthenborg.

Joseph Johann von Littrow (13 March 1781, Horšovský Týn () – 30 November 1840, Vienna) was an Austrian astronomer. In 1837, he was ennobled with the title Joseph Johann Edler von Littrow. He was the father of Karl Ludwig Edler von Littrow and the mentor of the mathematician Nikolai Brashman. His work took him to Russia for a time, which is where his son who succeeded him was born.

The land of the vineyard originally belonged to the Baron in Vaux. However, the Baron was beheaded during the French revolution in 1789. In 1810, Napoleon ennobled one of his followers as Baron de Vauxonne and he took over possession of the land. When the Baron died in 1837, his son Emile inherited the land, and in 1842 he built the castle of sturdy granite rocks.

Craven and Prince Rupert of the Rhine were captured by the victorious Imperialists. It was unfortunate that King blamed Rupert's rashness for the defeat, while Rupert in turn blamed King's caution. After quarrels with the Swedish commanders, King was sidelined to duties in Stockholm, although he was ennobled. He travelled to Hamburg in 1639, where King Charles employed him initially as a military recruiter.

Galtung coat of arms. Galtung was a Norwegian noble family dating from the ennoblement of Lauritz Galtung in 1648. However, when he was ennobled, documents exist that indicate that the family descended from an older noble family, the Galte family. A male-lineage connection between these two families has not been identified, but a female-line linkage bridging between them has been documented in genealogical records.

The family was ennobled in 1799. Prof. von Morgenstern is married to Isabel Beyer von Jutrzenka-Morgenstern, née von Salmuth and has 5 children. Prof. Dr. Beyer von Morgenstern finished his PhD in thermo and fluid dynamics from the Technical University of Munich in 1983. He taught at both the physics and the microeconomic Department of the Technical University of Munich for many years.

It is also probable that he created the scenery for Jan Kochanowski's Odprawa posłów greckich, the first Polish drama staged during Zamoyski's marriage to Krystyna née Radziwiłł. For his merits to Zamoyski, he was given two large houses in Zamość. Between 1591 and 1593 he was also the mayor of that city and was ennobled. He married certain Katarzyna, with whom he had six children.

Jef is the son of Jo Colruyt and grandson of Franz Colruyt, the founder of the Colruyt company. He was elected Manager of the Year by Trends magazine in 2002, ten years after his father Jo. Jef Colruyt was made honorary citizen of the municipality of Beersel in 2008. In 2012, he was ennobled by King Albert II of Belgium. Since then, he may call himself baron.

In the naval battle near Møn on 1 June 1677, he commanded the ship Kalmar castle with 74 cannons. When Anckarstierna was about to be defeated by the Danish admiral Bielke, he targeted two shots through the ballast of his own ship so that it sank. In 1678, Anckarstierna became a major and was ennobled. He was appointed to schoutbynacht in 1680, and vice admiral in 1683.

Kilianów () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kąty Wrocławskie, within Wrocław County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south- western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately south- west of Kąty Wrocławskie, and south-west of the regional capital Wrocław. The family of German Chancellor Leo von Caprivi moved here from Koprivnik, Slovenia after being ennobled by the Habsburgs.

However, also this role is today, according to the instrument of government, ceremonial. In 1902 Sven Hedin became the last person to be ennobled in Sweden. From 1974 the monarch can not confer nobility. As of 2004 there were about 619 existing noble families in Sweden, with about 28,000 members. They are classified as counts (46 families), barons (124 families) and untitled nobility (449 families).

This group is the largest. #Families of Swedish origin which were granted noble status and/or titles by a foreign country (for example, members of the royal House of Bernadotte have been granted Belgian and Luxembourgish princely and comital titles). #Families which have been ennobled by the Swedish monarch, but which have not been introduced at the House of Nobility. This group is small.

Baroness Katalin Hatvany de Hatvan was born on 30 December 1947 in Budapest, Second Hungarian Republic. Her family, the Hatvany, are a Jewish family that was ennobled by the Emperor of Austria. During her childhood, shortly after World War II, Hungary was under control of the Red Army. Her family's property was confiscated by the Communist government and her father was imprisoned, where he later died.

She is credited with elevating the status of her relatives, as was the custom of the time for the position of the queen. Members of her family were given titles and lands under the mansabdari system, along with valuable gifts. Three of her brothers were ennobled with the titles Niamat Khan, Namdar Khan, and Khanzad Khan. Other members of the Kalavant class were elevated as well.

In return for his service, he was given a number of privileges. In 1607, he and his sons were ennobled with the surname von Henckel von Donnersmarck. The family seat became the castle at Neudeck (Świerklaniec). Lazarus II (or Lazarus the Younger; 1573–1664), called the Lazy, was made Baron of Gfell and Vesendorff by the Habsburg emperor, Ferdinand II, at Regensburg in 1636.

Apridon or Afridon () was the 12th-century Georgian politician, a dependent "aznauri", who had been raised to the rank of msakhurtukhutsesi ("Master of Servants"). In sharp contrast to old, frequently rebellious Georgian feudal lords, Apridon represented ennobled statesman at Georgian royal court, who gained distinction through their loyalty to the King George III ( 1156-1184) whom Apridon served upon Queen Tamar’s ascend to the throne in 1184.

Leopold I and Anna Louise Föhse Anna Louise Föhse, Princess of the Holy Roman Empire (22 March 1677 in Dessau - 5 February 1745) was a German imperial princess. Born as a commoner to Rudolf Föhse (d. 1698), the court pharmacist in Dessau, and his wife, Agnes Ohme (d. 1707), she married Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau and was later ennobled by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor.

In 1678, Luxdorph was appointed as deputy judge of Lolland-Falster Landsting. In 1679, he was ennobled under the name Luxdorph. IHhe acquired Fjellebro Manor Skovgård on Funen in 1783 and was two years later appointed as district judge (landsdommer) of Funen and Langeland. In 1786, he acquired Nybøllegaard Manor in Salling Herred, In 1687, he was appointed as Chancellery Councillor ( kancelliråd) and in 1700 as justitsråd.

He was later ennobled under the name Arenfeldtand and succeeded Jørgen Mrrsvin as Chancellor of the Realm in circa 1526. After Niels Henriksen Arenfeldt's death in 1533, Gundetved was passed to his sons Henrik and Torben Arenfeldt. Henrik Arenfeldt's son Niels Arenfeldt was from circa 1580 the owner of the estate. He is known to have had at least 13 children with four different women.

The black nobility or black aristocracy () are Roman aristocratic families who sided with the Papacy under Pope Pius IX after the Savoy family-led army of the Kingdom of Italy entered Rome on 20 September 1870, overthrew the Pope and the Papal States, and took over the Quirinal Palace, and any nobles subsequently ennobled by the Pope prior to the 1929 Lateran Treaty. For the next 59 years, the Pope confined himself to Vatican City and claimed to be a prisoner in the Vatican to avoid the appearance of accepting the authority of the new Italian government and state. Aristocrats who had been ennobled by the Pope and were formerly subjects of the Papal states, including the senior members of the Papal Court, kept the doors of their palaces in Rome closed to mourn the Pope's confinement, which led to their being called the "black nobility".

Gottlieb Konrad Pfeffel The Pfeffel family (ennobled as von Pfeffel) is a German and Bavarian family originally from Neuburg an der Donau in Bavaria. Some family members were ennobled in Bavaria in the 19th century. The family's history was explored in the BBC series Who Do You Think You Are?.Who Do You Think You Are? (BBC) The family is descended from the watchman Johannes Pfeffel (1580–1634) of Neuburg an der Donau. His son Conrad Pfeffel (born 1605) was a tailor in Augsburg, and was the father of pastor in Freiburg im Breisgau Johann Conrad Pfeffel (1636–1701). The latter's son Johann Conrad Pfeffel (1682–1738) moved from Freiburg to nearby Colmar in Alsace, where he served as Stettmeister (mayor) for half a year in 1727. He was the father of the historian, lawyer and diplomat Christian Friedrich Pfeffel (later Pfeffel von Kriegelstein) (1726–1807).

Bust of Walther von Dyck at his grave in Munich. Walther Franz Anton von Dyck (6 December 1856 in Munich – 5 November 1934 in Munich), born Dyck and later ennobled, was a German mathematician. He is credited with being the first to define a mathematical group, in the modern sense in . He laid the foundations of combinatorial group theory, being the first to systematically study a group by generators and relations.

On the strength of this volume, which was reckoned among the best Latin verse of the time, Rudolf II ennobled Lernutius in 1581. In September 1587, travelling to Lille, he was captured and held to ransom by soldiers from the English garrison in Ostend. Interventions by his friends secured him better treatment, but not his release. In 1590 he was transferred to England, where he was released in 1592.

Property belonging to the aristocracy and the church was auctioned. Pierre Astrié, a wealthy businessman from the neighboring town of Ax-les-Thermes, purchased the Château de Gudanes. In 1811, Pierre's son Jérome-Stanislas d'Astrié was living at Château de Gudanes. The Astrié family were ennobled in 1824, becoming d'Astrié de Gudanes, during the Bourbon Restoration when the French monarchy was temporarily restored. The château de Gudanes, taken prior to 1910.

Born in Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, he was the grandson of Karl Hugo von Weizsäcker, the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Württemberg. His grandfather was ennobled in 1897 and raised to the hereditary nobility with the title of Baron (Freiherr) in 1916. As such, the four-year- old Carl Friedrich Weizsäcker became Baron Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker. Since 1919, noble titles have legally been considered parts of the family name.

Baron Karl von Hasenauer ( ) (20 July 1833 – 4 January 1894) was an important Austrian architect and key representative of the Historismus school. He created several Neo-Baroque monuments, many around near the Ringstraße in Vienna. He was also a student of August Sicard von Sicardsburg and Eduard van der Nüll. For his outstanding work, he was ennobled by Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1873, and made Freiherr, the equivalent of baron.

Brandisová was born on 26 June 1895 at Schäffer Castle in Úmonín, Austria- Hungary (now the Czech Republic) to Count Leopold von Brandis and Johanna von Schäffer. She was a member of an old Tyrolean family that had been ennobled in 1580, but later became impoverished. Her father, a horse breeder, had served as a lieutenant colonel in the Austrian army. Her mother was the daughter of Christian Ritter von Schäffer.

Harold Arthur Watkinson, 1st Viscount Watkinson, (25 January 1910, in Walton on Thames - 19 December 1995, in Bosham) was a British businessman and Conservative Party politician. He was Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation between 1955 and 1959 and a cabinet member as Minister of Defence between 1959 and 1962, when he was sacked in the Night of the Long Knives. In 1964 he was ennobled as Viscount Watkinson.

Georges Mareschal (1658-1736) Georges Mareschal (8 April 1658, Calais - 13 December 1736, Château de Bièvres) was a French surgeon. In 1707 he was ennobled, and was known as Georges Mareschal, seigneur de Bièvre. He was the son of John Marshall, an Irish gentleman who was knighted in 1643 for his service during the Battle of Rocroi. In 1677 Mareschal moved to Paris, where he worked as a surgical assistant.

Some extraordinarily successful economic elites, such as miners and merchants, were ennobled by the Spanish crown in the eighteenth century.Doris Ladd, The Mexican Nobility at Independence, 1780-1826. Austin: Institute of Latin American Studies, Latin American monographs, 40, 1976. Individual biographies of successful entrepreneurs have been published.Peter Bakewell, Silver and Entrepreneurship in Seventeenth- Century Potosí: The Life and Times of Antonio López de Quiroga, Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press 1988.

Mikkelsen however survived the ordeal and was later ennobled by the Swedish king, and took the name Ehrenborg. The castle thenceforth stayed in the Ehrenborg family until 1944, when it was expropriated by the Swedish state. The last owners were however allowed to keep living in the castle and did not move out until 1981. From 1944, the former land of the estate was used as a military training field.

After his family had been ennobled in 1557 he went overseas as a Landsknecht. He served in the Spanish Armada at the Battle of St. Quentin during the war between Philip II of Spain and Henry II of France. He, as well as his father Kristoffer, was also present in the military campaign towards Dithmarschen. They both were also present at the coronation of Frederick II of Denmark.

He entered Parliament as one of three representatives for Buckinghamshire in an 1876 by-election (succeeding the ennobled Benjamin Disraeli), a seat he held until 1885. He was also involved in business and became a director of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway in January 1868, and served as its Chairman from June 1896 to February 1908. He was Chairman of the Buckinghamshire County Council until 1904.

Alfred Rappaport (16 June 1868 – 11 October 1946) was an Austrian diplomat and writer. Rappaport was considered an authority on Balkans and Albanian affairs in the foreign ministry of Austria-Hungary. For his services he was ennobled by Franz Joseph I in 1916 and became known as Alfred Rappaport, Ritter von Arbengau. After the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire he retired and focused on publishing his works on the Balkans.

He received the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1892. He was a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and was elected to the Prussian Academy of Sciences, but he declined to be ennobled as "von Virchow". Virchow studied medicine at the Friedrich Wilhelm University under Johannes Peter Müller. He worked at the Charité hospital under Robert Froriep, whom he succeeded as the prosector.

222 Ennobled in 1825 by King Charles X, he was by this time collecting Spanish art on behalf of the new French King Louis Philippe I, who made him a Commissioner of Art in 1838. These paintings constituted the then named Spanish gallery of the Louvre. Previously, he had been very active in the theatrical world and was made Royal Commissioner of the Theatre Francaise between 1825-38.

Reinhard Iselin's coat of arms Iselin was given title of Etatsråd in 1766 and Konferensråd in 1769. He owned Rosendal and Rosenvænget at Copenhagen as well as a country house (now Gramlille) in Kongens Lyngby. He acquired the estates Iselingen, Rosenfeldt, Snertingegaard and Avnø at Vordingborg from the state when Vordingborg Cavalry District was sold in auction in 1774. In 1776, Iselin was ennobled with title of baron (friherre).

He could even elevate dead humans to the estate of nobles. For example, four days after his death in 1781, Hans Eilersen Hagerup was ennobled under the name de Gyldenpalm. This made as well his legitimate children and other patrilineal descendants noble. In particular there were two ways of receiving noble status: via an office (informally known as office nobility) and via a letters patent (informally known as letter nobility).

Page 59 In 1888, he was appointed to the Privy Council. In 1892, Kōno joined the first Matsukata Masayoshi cabinet with overlapping portfolios the Minister of Agriculture & Commerce, Home Minister, Minister of Justice and Minister of Education. He continued to hold the post of Minister of Education under the Second Itō Hirobumi administration. In 1893, Kōno was ennobled with the rank of shishaku (viscount) in the kazoku peerage system.

These benefited the Japanese as legitimizing propaganda for the bakufu (Tokugawa shogunate) and as a key element in an emerging manifestation of Japan's ideal vision of the structure of an international order, with Edo as its center.Walker, Brett L. "Foreign Affairs and Frontiers in Early Modern Japan: A Historiographical Essay", Early Modern Japan (Fall 2002), p. 48. In 1884, the head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count".

Clan Douglas is an ancient clan or noble house from the Scottish Lowlands. Taking their name from Douglas in Lanarkshire, their leaders gained vast territories throughout the Borders, Angus, Lothian, Moray, and also in France and Sweden. The family is one of the most ennobled in the United Kingdom and has held numerous titles. The Douglases were one of Scotland's most powerful families,Way, George and Squire, Romily. (1994).

Society must pursue economic justice and the economy must serve people, not the other way around. Employers must not "look upon their work people as their bondsmen, but ... respect in every man his dignity as a person ennobled by Christian character."Rerum novarum § 20. Employers contribute to the common good through the services or products they provide and by creating jobs that uphold the dignity and rights of workers.

He was born in Quebec City in 1786, the son of seigneur Pierre-Ignace Aubert de Gaspé and Catherine Tarieu de Lanaudière, the daughter of seigneur Charles-François Tarieu de La Naudière. The Aubert de Gaspé family was distinguished, ennobled by Louis XIV in 1693. Philippe-Joseph's grandfather, Ignace-Philippe Aubert de Gaspé, fought under Louis-Joseph de Montcalm at Carillon (Ticonderoga). Philippe- Joseph studied at the Séminaire de Québec.

He was ennobled as Baron Pirrie in 1906, appointed a Knight of the Order of St Patrick in 1908 and made Viscount Pirrie in 1921. In the months leading up to the 1912 disaster, Lord Pirrie was questioned about the number of life boats aboard the Olympic-class ships. He responded that the great ships were unsinkable and the rafts were to save others. This would haunt him forever.

Max von Widnmann Birthplace of Max von Widnmann in Eichstätt Max von Widnmann (ennobled as Maximilian Ritter von Widnmann; 16 October 1812 – 3 March 1895)Th-B, "Widnmann, Max von, sculptor", Dictionary of German Biography, ed. Walther Killy and Rudolf Vierhaus, with Dietrich von Engelhardt et al., Volume 10 Thibaut - Zycha, Munich: Saur, 2006, , p. 498. was a German sculptor and professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich.

He attended the ministerial conferences at Carlsbad and Vienna (1819–1820), where, being one of the principal literary instruments of the reaction, he took part in framing the Carlsbad resolutions. In 1826, at the instance of Prince von Metternich, he was ennobled as Ritter von Nittersdorf, was recalled to Vienna (1827), appointed imperial counsellor, and employed in the service of the chancellery. He died in Vienna in 1829, aged 49.

From 9 October 2007 until his retirement Bossuyt was the President of the Dutch linguistic group of the Constitutional Court of Belgium. He was ennobled as a baron in the 2009 honours list. Upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 70 years, Bossuyt retired from the Court and became President-Emeritus. Bossuyt was a member of the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (2000–2003, 2014–present).

He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in 1918 for his war services, and raised to Knight Grand Cross (GBE) in the 1920 civilian war honours for his services as Minister of Labour. In 1919, he was also sworn of the Privy Council. He was ennobled as Viscount Horne of Slamannan, of Slamannan in the County of Stirling, on 9 June 1937.

He built a model farm called "Bellevue," which produced grain, flour, wine, lumber, silkworms and trained farm hands. All these economic activities earned him acclaim, and he was ennobled and granted a coat-of-arms in 1773, despite his Protestant faith. His grant of arms symbolized his areas of success: "Azure, a gushing fountain of money surmounted by a golden sun with two anchors." The motto "Soyez Utile" accompanied the arms.

With their leader incapacitated, the Vendéan army was defeated and soon divided into factions. He was transported to Saint-Florent-le-Vieil, where he died of his wounds on 14 July 1793. His body lies in the Cathelineau Chapel in Saint-Florent.. Numerous relatives of Cathelineau also perished in the war of Vendée and the reprisals that followed. The remainder of his family was ennobled under the Bourbon Restoration.

Some of these families declined ennoblement because they did not keep a title in such high regard. At the end of the 19th century, they still proudly called themselves "patriciërs". Other families belong to the patriciate because they are held in the same regard and respect as the nobility but for certain reasons never were ennobled. Even within the same important families there can be branches with and without noble titles.

The following year, he was appointed Home Minister. In 1925, Ichiki became Imperial Household Minister. Ichiki was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure (1st class) in December 1915, and the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class) in July 1916. He attained the Order of the Paulownia Flowers in December 1928, and was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) in the kazoku peerage system in 1933.

Stenbock was known for her rank conflicts at court, and caused many more similar quarrels. In 1681, Margareta von Parr was appointed first lady-in-waiting to one of the royal children. This insulted Stenbock, as Parr's spouse, though a royal lord of the state, had been ennobled as late as in 1673 on his own merits, and lived in humble economic circumstances: his sister rented out rooms in the capital.

Brooklyn, NY: Brooklyn Museum, 1988, p. 4. Then too, the painting lacks the sentimental rhetoric that was expected in a genre work: Courbet's mourners make no theatrical gestures of grief, and their faces seem more caricatured than ennobled. The critics accused Courbet of a deliberate pursuit of ugliness. Eventually, the public grew more interested in the new Realist approach, and the lavish, decadent fantasy of Romanticism lost popularity.

In 1998 Cardon was ennobled as Baron by King Albert II. He is also Commander of the Order of the Crown (Belgium), Officer of the Order of Leopold II, Knight of the Order of Léopold, and Officer of the Italian Order of Merit. Furthermore, he is a member of the Royal Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences of Spain and is recipient of the Hope Award 2003 for Global Vision (U.S.).

Rodd was the second son of Lilias Georgina Guthrie (1864–1951) and Sir Rennell Rodd, a diplomat and politician who was ennobled in 1933 as Baron Rennell. Among his sibling were Francis Rodd, 2nd Baron Rennell (who married the Hon. Mary Constance Vivian Smith), Evelyn Emmet, Baroness Emmet of Amberley (a Conservative politician and was created a life peer), Hon. Gloria Rodd (who married the painter Simon Elwes), and Hon.

He was born in Copenhagen to Niels Henrichsen, a wealthy Icelandic merchant, and Agnete Birgitte, née Finkenhagen. On 3 February 1747 he was ennobled under the name Hielmstierne, and on 4 August in the same year he married noblewoman Andrea Kirstine Kiærulf (19 January 1730 - 19 October 1806). Their only daughter, Agnete Marie Hielmstierne (b. 21 July 1752), married Marcus Gerhard Rosencrone, who later was created Count of Rosencrone.

As Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary on 23 May 1915, von Wurm and his XVI Corps were sent to stop the Italian advance. Against orders, he positioned his Corps along the Isonzo river. Their presence there turned out to be crucial in stopping four consecutive Italian attacks. In August 1917, he received the Knights' cross of Military Order of Maria Theresa, and was ennobled to "Freiherr von".

Von Verri della Bosia was a member of an aristocrat family, which came originally from Alba, Italy. The family was ennobled by Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia in 1724. After his grandfather Josef Ascan Graf Verri della Bosia (1756–1828) moved from Alba to Bavaria, the title was recognized by the Bavarian king Maximilian I. in 1816. Maximilian's father was the Bavarian general Ascan Karl Graf Verri della Bosia (1790–1878).

Statue of Christopher Polhem by Ivar Johnsson in Gothenburg (granite.1952) Christopher Polhammar (18 December 1661 – 30 August 1751) better known as Christopher Polhem (), which he took after his ennoblement in 1716, was a Swedish scientist, inventor and industrialist. He made significant contributions to the economic and industrial development of Sweden, particularly mining. He was ennobled by King Charles XII of Sweden for his contributions to Swedish technological development.

A term, "Copenhagenization", even existed in English for this. Tirpitz calculated this danger period would end in 1904 or 1905. In the event, Britain responded to the increased German building programme by building more ships herself and the theoretical danger period extended itself to beyond the start of the Great War. As a reward for the successful bill Tirpitz was ennobled with the hereditary article von before his name in 1900.

Viscount was a Japanese politician and educator of the Meiji period, originally hailing from Toyooka, Hyōgo. He was active in the Monbu-shō (present Monka-shō) and as the president of institutions such as Tokyo Imperial University. Hamao was also, very briefly, Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan. He was ennobled as a baron on 23 September 1907 and advanced to viscount on 25 November 1921.

Despite these difficulties, by 1821 there were at least eleven ennobled Jewish families living in Vienna alone: the Rothschild, Arnstein, Eskeles, Gomperz, Kuffner, Lieben, Auspitz, Schey von Koromla, Todesco, Goluchowski-Glochowsky, Wertheimstein, and Wiernes families. In 1830 the Jewish von Neumann family were elevated into the nobility. The elevation into the nobility of wealthy Jews also started the process of assimilation of Jewish families into the Austrian upper class.

By 1818, Luís Alves' relatives, who were military officers and had served in the wars, had been ennobled. His grandfather, José Joaquim, became a member of the Order of Christ and Fidalgo Cavaleiro da Casa Real (Knight Nobleman of the Royal House). His father, Francisco de Lima, and uncles were also granted honors. Within two generations, the Lima family had risen from mere commoners to the ranks of Portugal's untitled nobility.

In 1888 Alfred had founded a paper called Answers, which was modelled after another popular paper called Tit-Bits. Harold gave up his clerk's job to handle the business side of the papers, while Alfred effectively controlled the papers with great success. Alfred later became ennobled as Lord Northcliffe, and Harold as Lord Rothermere. The brothers started several papers, of which the Daily Mail became the most influential.

He was briefly Chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff in 1889 and was Vice Minister of the Navy from 1890-1898. He was promoted to vice admiral in 1890. On 20 August 1895, Itō was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system. Itō entered the reserves in 1899, and served in the House of Peers from the same year until his death in 1921.

The current Norwegian family Castberg also descends from this couple. The surname Knagenhielm was granted when on 21 December 1721, Niels Tygesen Knag was ennobled by King Christian VI. He married twice, first in 1695 with Abel Margrethe Hansdatter (1676-1701), daughter of customs official Hans Clausen and Ingeborg Lem, and in 1702 Veronica Elisabeth Hiort (d. 1713), daughter of Hans Christoffersen Hiorth (d. 1692), Nordenfjells country commissioner.

Bredo von Munthe af Morgenstierne, portrait painting by Andreas Brünniche Munthe af Morgenstierne is a Danish and a Norwegian noble family living in Norway. It descends from Bredo Munthe of Bekkeskov, who on 19 December 1755 was ennobled under the name von Munthe af Morgenstierne. The family is included in the Yearbook of the Danish Nobility. Letter of nobility of 1755 to Bredo Munthe, thereafter Bredo von Munthe af Morgenstierne.

He was counselor-secretary to the king in 1786. Claude Caroillon and his brothers were ennobled on the eve of the French Revolution, so-called "business aristocrats". The brothers were able to add the names of estates they purchased to their common surname. The eldest, Abel, became Caroillon de Vandeul, Claude-Xavier became Caroillon des Tillières, Théodore became Caroillon de Marville (or Melville), and Georges became Caroillon de la Charmotte.

Bachmann's heirs sold the estate to Countess Agnethe Rosencrone who later that same year sold it again. Harald Rothe The new owner was major Harald Rothe. He had bought the estates Aggersvold at Jyderup in 1806 and Egholm at Roskilde in 1809 and had that same year been ennobled by letters patent. He was the son of Casper Peter Rothe Edle Cathrine Severine Soelberg of Urup Manior at Horsens.

For Baron von Schach, he painted the famous Discovery of America. In 1874, he was appointed keeper of the Munich Academy, being afterwards ennobled by the king of Bavaria. Piloty was the foremost representative of the realistic school in Germany. He was a successful teacher, and among his more famous pupils were Hans Makart, Franz von Lenbach, Franz Defregger, Gabriel von Max, Georgios Jakobides, and Eduard von Grützner.

For recipients of the order who were not already members of the nobility, receipt of the order conferred a patent of nobility. This patent was not inheritable, similar to a knighthood in the United Kingdom. When a recipient was ennobled, his surname name was changed by the addition of the title "Ritter von" ("Knight of"). Thus for example the later Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb was born Wilhelm Leeb.

The king ennobled Sainte-Marthe for his victory against the Dutch. De Baas continued as governor and lieutenant general after the French West India Company was dissolved in 1674. On 17 December 1676 d'Estrées appeared before Cayenne, and the next day defeated the Dutch defenders. He then sailed north to Martinique, where de Baas raised several hundred men as reinforcements and gave information about the Dutch in Tobago.

Starting in the 1500s, Hop Farm (Hop hovedgård) was the seat of the magistrate of Bergen and Gulen. The farm was in 1651 taken over by the mayor and the presiding judge Hans Hansen Smidt (ca. 1610–1681), who was ennobled in 1676 with the name of Lilienskiold. His son, Hans Hansen Lilienskiold, Governor of Finnmark, took possession over both the noble title and the estate after his father.

Philippe-François Bart was born on 28 February 1706 in Dunkirk. His father was the vice-admiral François Cornil Bart (1677–1755), and his grandfather was the privateer Jean Bart (1650–1702). The Bart family had been ennobled by Louis XIV, and the letters of nobility were published in the Mercure de France in October 1694. His mother was Marie Catherine Viguereux (23 August 1686 – 25 November 1741).

She was a great-granddaughter of Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo and Sophie Trébuchet. A member of a prominent literary and political family, her paternal grandfather had been ennobled as a Pairie de France by Louis Philippe I in 1845. Born in the last year of the Second French Empire, Hugo was raised in a staunch Republican household. Her family, former loyalists to the Bourbon monarchy, opposed the Bonapartes.

Empress Maria Theresa ennobled Kurzböck for his great merits in 1776. He translated several writings from Italian and published in 1779 an augmented and improved edition of the 1766 published "Almanac de Vienne en faveur des éstrangers" in German and French. In 1792 after von Kurzböck died, the Serbian (Illyrian) printing house was sold to Stefan von Novaković and the Oriental press was sold to Anton Schmid (1765-1855).

By 2 May, Haile Selassie had fled the country. On 5 May 1936, Marshal Badoglio led the victorious Italian troops into Addis Ababa. Mussolini declared King Victor Emmanuel to be the Emperor of Ethiopia, and Ethiopia became part of the Italian Empire. On this occasion, Badoglio was appointed the first Viceroy and Governor General of Ethiopia and ennobled with the victory title of Duke of Addis Abeba ad personam.

Theodor Berthold Paul Hassel was the second son of the Prussian officer Friedrich von Hassel (1833–1890) and Elise Helene Christiane Hassel (born Thormann) (1846–1896). His father's military career meant a childhood disrupted by frequent relocation. On 22 March 1887 Friedrich Hassel was ennobled by the emperor, in recognition of his long military service. One result was that his family name changed from "Hassel" to "von Hassel".

Little is known about his early life. His father, Burgomaster in Zlaté Hory, was ennobled and received the mark of nobility "z Edelstadtu" (von Edelstadt, of Edelstadt) in 1591. Jindřich Boblig studied law, probably in Vienna, but he did not complete his studies and later was titled only as juris candidatus. Until his participation in the witch trials of the Šumperk region, he probably led a law practice in Olomouc.

John James Lawson, 1st Baron Lawson, PC (16 October 1881 – 3 August 1965) was a British trade unionist and a Labour politician. A miner and later Member of Parliament in County Durham, he served in the governments of Ramsay MacDonald and Clement Attlee. In 1950 he was ennobled as Baron Lawson, of Beamish in the County of Durham, and is sometimes referred to as Lord Lawson of Beamish.

Pavel Kristián of Koldín (Czech: Pavel Kristián z Koldína, 1530 – 1589) was a Bohemian jurist and public official. After studies in Prague, he became rector of the Latin school there. He was ennobled in 1557 and became a dean at Charles University in 1561. In 1563 he was appointed council clerk of the New City of Prague, and served as chancellor of the Old City from 1565 to 1584.

In 1780, Gage was created Baron Gage in the Peerage of Great Britain with remainder to heirs male. His wife died 1 July 1783."William Hall Gage, 2nd Viscount Gage", thepeerage Since he had no heirs male, he was again ennobled as Baron Gage of Highmeadow in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1790, but this time with special remainder to the heirs male of his brothers. Gage died 11 October 1791.

He won a name for himself through audacity and courage, and was ennobled as Peter Tordenskiold by King Frederick IV in 1716. His greatest exploit came later that year, as he destroyed the supply fleet of Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Dynekilen, ensuring his siege of Fredriksten would end in failure. In 1720, he was killed in a duel. In both Denmark and Norway he ranks among the most famous naval captains.

Count Tomas Polus (1634 - 24 March 1708) was a Swedish statesman and diplomat, and a counsellor to Queen Hedvig Eleonora from 1671. Polus was ennobled in 1673, and became teacher of the young prince Karl (later King Charles XII of Sweden). He was secretary of state (foreign affairs) from 1697, and was appointed count in 1698. Solna Church in Stockholm has a memorial to Polus, constructed on the orders of Queen Ulrika Eleonora.

Kekulé never used his first given name; he was known throughout his life as August Kekulé. After he was ennobled by the Kaiser in 1895, he adopted the name August Kekule von Stradonitz, without the French acute accent over the second "e". The French accent had apparently been added to the name by Kekulé's father during the Napoleonic occupation of Hesse by France, to ensure that French-speaking people pronounced the third syllable.

The latter's son, William, the 3rd baronet, was MP for Cumberland in 1755 and died unmarried in 1756, leaving Marske to four Wilson brothers. The estate was acquired by Thomas Dundas, 1st Baron Dundas from the Wilsons in 1762. His son Lawrence was a Member of Parliament for Richmond and also served as Lord Lieutenant of Orkney and Shetland. He was ennobled in 1838 as Earl of Zetland and died at Aske Hall in 1839.

He was the son of Jean-Baptiste Berthier (1721-1804), an engineer and lieutenant-colonel ennobled by Louis XV of France, and a brother of Louis-Alexandre Berthier the Empire maréchal, the division general Victor Léopold Berthier, and maréchal de camp Joseph-Alexandre Berthier, 1st Viscount Berthier (1821). César was born on 9 November 1765, at 3, rue de l’Indépendance américaine, in Saint-Louis parish, at Versailles, and was baptised on 20 November.

The ', political heirs of the disaffected feudal aristocracy, sought to protect their traditional feudal privileges from the increasingly centralized royal government. Furthermore, they believed their traditional influence and authority was being usurped by the recently ennobled bureaucrats (the ', or "nobility of the robe"), who administered the kingdom and on whom the monarchy increasingly began to rely. This belief intensified the nobles' resentment. In 1648, Anne and Mazarin attempted to tax members of the '.

On 11 July 1838, he was ennobled as Baron Wrottesley, of Wrottesley in the County of Stafford. Lord Wrottesley married firstly Lady Caroline Bennet, daughter of Charles Bennet, 4th Earl of Tankerville, in 1795. After his first wife's death in 1818, he married secondly Julia Conyers, daughter of John Conyers of Copped Hall, Essex, in 1819. Julia was the widow of Captain John Astley Bennet RN, the brother of Wrottesley's first wife.

In September 1921, Kitasato founded, together with several medical scientists, the Sekisen Ken-onki Corporation, with the intention of manufacturing the most reliable clinical thermometer possible. The company was later renamed Terumo Corporation. Kitasato also was the first dean of medicine at Keio University, first president of the Japan Medical Association, and served on the House of Peers. He was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) in the kazoku peerage system in February 1924.

Sir Matthew White Ridley, 4th Baronet (9 September 1807 – 25 September 1877) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. He was appointed High Sheriff of Northumberland for 1841 and then served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Northumberland North from 1859 to 1868. He inherited the baronetcy on the death in 1836 of his father Matthew, and was in turn succeeded by his son Matthew, who was later ennobled as Viscount Ridley.

In 1904 he was reassigned to the Balkans as consul general of Skopje. In 1909 he was recalled to Vienna by Count Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal and became director of the Albanian department and deputy director of the Oriental one. On 15 March 1916, Emperor Franz Joseph I. ennobled him with the title of RitterArno Kerschbaumer, Nobilitierungen unter der Regentschaft Kaiser Franz Joseph I. / I. Ferenc József király (1914–1916). Graz 2017, , S. 66, 134.

Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada Plaque. Erected 1929. Pioneers of the Huron Tract 1828-1928 > Commemorating the life work of the men who opened the roads, felled the > forests, builded the farmsteads, tilled the fields, reaped the harvests—and > of the women who made the homes, bore the children, nursed them, reared > them, brightened and ennobled domestic life in the Huron Tract during a > hundred years. Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada.

He had long been a friend of Sir William Cecil. Ennobled as Lord Burghley, Cecil appointed Smith to the Privy Council, only a month before he was elected to Commons as a knight of the shire for Essex. Smith, a prime mover behind the Conformity Bills, sought to restrain extremism and secure a subsidy from his fellow members. But when he proposed that the bishops be consulted, the puritan William Fleetwood defeated his motion.

Anne Marie de Køster painted by Peter Cramer Michael Fabritius married Anna Maria Köster (17 November 1705 in Frankfurt - 18 March 1775) on 30 May 1726 in Mühlheim. Their two sons, Michael and Conrad Alexander, were ennobled by letters patent on 4 May 1776 under the name Fabritius de Tengnagel. In 1734, Fabritius purchased the country house Enrum north of Copenhagen. The older of Fabritius' two daughters, Anna Elisabeth, married Reinhard Iselin.

On September 21, 1907, Saitō was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system. On October 16, 1912, he was promoted to full admiral. However, on April 16, 1914, Saitō was forced to resign from his post as Navy Minister due implications of his involvement in the Siemens scandal, and officially entered the reserves. In September 1919, Saitō was appointed as the third Japanese Governor-General of Korea.

Turvey is recorded in Domesday Book of 1086 as a parish in the Hundred of Willey. There are eight separate entries for Turvey, including a total of 44 households. The Mordaunt family obtained the manor by marriage in 1197 and were ennobled as Barons of Turvey in the 16th century. The Mordaunt family house, Turvey Old Hall, was replaced by Turvey House in 1792, by which time the estate had passed to the Higgins family.

Oehlschläger was born Otto Oehlschläger in Gut Heiligenwalde (modern Święty Gaj, Poland), he was ennobled ("von Oehlschäger") in 1888. Oehlschläger studied law at the University of Königsberg, passed his final exam in 1858 and worked as a judge at Danzig (Gdańsk), Schwetz (Świecie) and Löbau (Lubawa). In 1864 he became a prosecutor at Marienwerder (modern Kwidzyn) and in Königsberg in 1870. In 1874 he was removed to the Prussian ministry of Justice in Berlin.

He was born at Klagenfurt, into a family from Bohemia where they long held the office of mayor of Budweis. In 1620 they were ennobled in Austria with the addition of the German name von Sterneck. Jacob Daublebsky von Sterneck was further created Freiherr (Baron) von Sterneck zu Ehrenstein in 1792. His son Joseph settled in Carinthia and purchased the castle of Krastowitz in Klagenfurt, where his son Maximilian was born in 1829.

On 22 March 1887 Friedrich Hassel was ennobled by the emperor, in recognition of his long service. One result was that his family name changed from "Hassel" to "von Hassel". Between 16 May 1888 and 21 March 1889 he commanded the 15th Infantry Brigade, based in Erfurt. After that, promoted again, now to the rank of Lieutenant General, he was given command of the 6th Division, based in Brandenburg an der Havel.

Andreas Frederik Krieger was born in 1817 in Kolbjørnsvik in Norway as the son of Danish naval officer Johannes Krieger, who was of an ennobled family, and a Norwegian mother, Anna Elisa Finne. Krieger grew up in Copenhagen and graduated from with a legal degree at the age of 20, specializing in constitutional law. From 1845 to 1855 he was a professor of law at the University of Copenhagen, lecturing primarily in civil law.

Brinck-Seidelin's maternal uncle, Hans Hansen Seidelin, had no male heirs. He therefore endowed the estates Hagestedgård and Holbæk Ladegård to Hans Diedrik Brinck-Seidelin with the intention that they be turned into a ' (entailed estate or family trust) for future generations of the Seidelin family. Brinck-Seidelin purchased Eriksholm and established Stamhuset Hagested from his now three estates in 1752. He was at the same time ennobled under the name de Brinck-Seidelin.

In 1877 Inoue was appointed Chief Cabinet Secretary, in 1881 Chief Secretary to the House of Peers, in 1884 adjunct Chief Librarian of the Imperial Household Ministry, in 1888 Director General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau. Inoue became a member of the Privy Council in 1890, and served as Minister of Education in the second Itō administration from 1893. In 1895, he was ennobled with the title of shishaku (viscount) in the kazoku peerage system.

Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey ( – 3 April 1630), known at court as Kit Villiers, was an English courtier, Gentleman of the Bedchamber and later Master of the Robes to King James I. In 1623 he was ennobled as Earl of Anglesey and Baron Villiers of Daventry. With little ability of his own, Villiers prospered chiefly thanks to the influence of his brother George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, a favourite of James I.

On 16 June 1913, on the occasion of the 25th Jubilee of Kaiser Wilhelm II, Liman was ennobled. As his nobiliary suffix he chose the maiden name of his late first wife, Amelie von Sanders (1858–1906). He was thereafter known as Otto Liman von Sanders. In accordance with the rules of German nomenclature, this surname is correctly abbreviated "Liman" (and not "von Sanders" or "Sanders", as is often the case in English-language publications).

In February 1651, Cromwell found his lines of communication under attack from a small group of Royalists based at Tantallon. This group, led by Alexander Seton, comprised just 91 men. Despite this, Cromwell's retaliation was to send 2,000 to 3,000 troops under General Monck, together with much of the artillery he had in Scotland, and lay siege to Tantallon. Seton was ennobled by Charles II, as Viscount of Kingston, on 14 February, during the siege.

In 1867 he undertook the direction of the court theatre at Meiningen, and was ennobled by the duke. After 1873 he lived successively at Altona, Berlin and Wiesbaden, where he died on April 19, 1892. His later works consist of an autobiography (1888),Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben (1890) successful translations from Hafiz and Omar Khayyam,Die Lieder und Sprüche des Omar Chajjam (1881) and lyrics and dramas which added little to his reputation.

He "created a government based solely on merit, so that in the empire sons and younger brothers in the imperial clan were not ennobled, but meritorious ministers were", and "pacified the frontier regions by subduing the barbarians to the north and south". He had the weapons of the feudal states melted and cast into musical bells and large human statues, and relaxed taxes and the draconian punishments inherited from Shang Yang.Xunzi Volume 1. p 37.

According to the Annals, the Sorgo was a grain-trading and ship- owning family who immigrated from Albania via Kotor in 1272, and were ennobled in 1292 after bringing sorghum during a famine. They hailed from the Cape of Rodon (di Redoni d' Albania antichi), according to a later entry in the Annals. However, "Vita de Dobroslavo", the progenitor, is mentioned in 1253, and died before 1281. Vita had seven sons and two daughters.

He remained there until 1916. During this time, he was also the head of the Imperial Office for the Management of the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine (Reichsamt für die Verwaltung der Reichseisenbahnen in Elsaß-Lothringen). In 1909 he was ennobled by William II, German Emperor, and, in 1913, he received the Order of the Black Eagle. From May 1916 until November 1917, Breitenbach was the vice president of the government of Prussia.

In August 2014, it was announced that he would get a life peerage to sit in the House of Lords and he opted to sit there as a crossbencher, despite being nominated by DUP. Hay was ennobled on 16 December 2014, later than usual for a peerage to be gazetted, and took the title Baron Hay of Ballyore, of Ballyore in the City of Londonderry. He subsequently sat as a DUP member.

Henri de Massue, 1st Marquis de Rouvigny (1603–1689) was a French diplomat. He was the eldest son of Daniel de Massue, Seigneur de Rouvigny and Madeleine de Pinot des Fontaines. Rouvigny served as the French ambassador to the English court from 1674 to 1677. His son Henri de Massue, 2nd Marquis de Rouvigny, was ennobled in the Peerage of Ireland first as the Viscount (1692) and later the Earl of Galway (1697).

Its best-known resident was J. Arthur Rank who took the name of the village as part of his title when he was ennobled. The village pub, the Coach & Horses, dates back to 1762. The pub was recently refurbished and converted the former thatched village Fire station into bed and breakfast rooms. The village is home to Naomi House & Jacksplace, hospices that care for life-limited children and young people from across the Wessex region.

She was the daughter of the Irish Jacobite Luke O'Shiell (1677-1745), who was born in Dublin but emigrated to Nantes after the Irish defeat, and Agnès Vanasse (1690-1724). The family manor of the O'Shiell, Manoir de la Placelière, became the gathering place of the large Irish colony in Nantes. She married Antoine Walsh, a leading slave trader in the slave trade of Nantes. In 1755, the O'Shiell family became ennobled.

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a collection of semi- autonomous cantons. As membership of the confederation has fluctuated throughout history, each of these cantons has its own unique history and nobility. Typically, each canton had its own constitution, currency, jurisdiction, habits, customs, history, and nobility. In the Middle Ages, various cantons had families with only local and, in the broad scheme of things, insignificant lands, whereas other cantons had ennobled families abroad.

His eldest son, also named Jean Guyon, married Élisabeth Couillard, daughter of :fr:Guillaume Couillard, New France's first settler to be ennobled by Louis XIV, and granddaughter of Louis Hébert, the first French colonist established with his family in New France. Their wedding was accompanied by the "two violins...which had not been seen yet in Canada." After his death in 1693, his heirs engaged in a protracted legal dispute over his lands.

Ayr & its People Accessed : 2010-03-06 The title 'lady' was often given as a mark of respect to elderly widows whose husbands were not ennobled, such as the wives of lairds.James McAdam Accessed : 2010-03-06 The family possessed other estates at one time, such as Blairquhan Castle, then known as Whiteford Castle, Whitefoord Tower, Cloncaird Castle and Ballochmyle.Whiteford Genealogy Accessed : 2010-03-07 The family now live in Shropshire, England.

In 1642, a Franz Günther, a simple farmer's son from Kützberg by Schweinfurt, was ennobled with the family name “Günther von Brennhausen” and given the fief of Brennhausen from the Bishopric of Würzburg. From 1635 to 1647, Franz was the Commandant of the fortress at Königshofen. Franz’ son Hans, also a distinguished military man, received Brennhausen. Hans and his second wife Felicitas Agnes Leschin von Mülheim coat of arms are in the courtyard.

Anna Elisabeth de Cantenius acquired the fiefs of Barskewitz and Gollin, both mesne-fiefsFahrenkrüger (1801), 2nd Part, p. 26 (in German- English) () of the Order of Saint John from the von Borck family in 1731 for 28,000 Reichsthaler and was ennobled on 3 September 1737Hellbach (1825), 1. Band A-K, p. 219 (in German)Hefner (1860), p. 217 (in German)Ledebur (1854), p. 133 (in German) by King Frederick William I of Prussia with them.

In the Nordic countries, von is common but not universal in the surnames of noble families of German origin and has occasionally been used as a part of names of ennobled families of native or foreign (but non-German) extraction, as with the family of the philosopher Georg Henrik von Wright, which is of Scottish origin, or as with the family of the painter Carl Frederik von Breda, who was of Dutch ancestry.

In 1924 he was ennobled by King Victor Emmanuel III and given the hereditary title of Prince of Montenevoso (Italian: Principe di Montenevoso). In 1937 he was made president of the Royal Academy of Italy. D'Annunzio died in 1938 of a stroke, at his home in Gardone Riviera. He was given a state funeral by Mussolini and was interred in a magnificent tomb constructed of white marble at Il Vittoriale degli Italiani.

Letter of nobility from 1755 to the Munthe af Morgenstierne family of the Danish and Norwegian nobility. Emperor Joseph II awarding the title of Imperial Count to Anton Schenk von Stauffenberg, 1785. Briefadel (in German) or brevadel (in Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish) are persons and families who have been ennobled by letters patent. The oldest known such letters patent were issued in the middle of the 14th century, during the Late Middle Ages.

Ehrenstrahl also became his teacher in the art of painting. David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl had been born in Hamburg and settled in Sweden in the 1650s, where he was successful as a painter primarily of portraits of members of the royal house and the aristocracy. He was ennobled in 1674, receiving the surname Ehrenstrahl. In 1684 Krafft received an annual grant from Queen Ulrika Eleonora the Elder for a journey to Italy through Denmark and Germany.

After the death of his father Henry III he was raised in Prague at the court of Bohemian king Ottokar II, who also became his guardian. After Ottokar's death he did not, as expected, became viceregent of Bohemia for underage Wenceslaus II but was compensated with Kłodzkoby Rudolf of Habsburg, who also ennobled Henry to a count of the Holy Roman Empire and granted him his duchy as a fief.Appelt, p. 394Petry, p.

Due to big trade, purchase of estates, and wealthy spouses, the family became a prominent family within the trading patriciate in Eastern Norway. Members of the two principal branches above were on 14 January 1778 ennobled under the name Anker. They claimed to descend from the Swedish noble family Anckar, but this is not proven. The family name likely derived from their progenitor Oluf Eriksson in Gothenburg, who was an anchor smith.

A few Jews were allowed to live outside the area, including those with university education, the ennobled, members of the most affluent of the merchant guilds and particular artisans, some military personnel and some services associated with them, including their families, and sometimes their servants. The archaic English term pale is derived from the Latin word ', a stake, extended to mean the area enclosed by a fence or boundary."pale, n.1." OED Online.

Her father, who from 1804 on owned an estate in Walkersdorf am Kamp (Grafenegg), on 2 April 1806 was ennobled and given the title "Edler von Rohrenbach zu Dezza". Her younger sister Anna (1792–1869) married Beethoven's friend Ignaz von Gleichenstein on 29 May 1811 in Etsdorf am Kamp,Michael Lorenz: "Baronin Droßdik und die verschneyten Nachtigallen". Biographische Anmerkungen zu einem Schubert-Dokument. In: Schubert durch die Brille 26, 2001, p. 64.

In January 1691 James II ennobled him for this achievement making him the 1st Earl of Lucan. She therefore became Countess of Lucan. After the surrender of Limerick following a second siege in 1691, Lucan led the defeated Irish Army to France to continue serving the exiled James II, an event known as the Flight of the Wild Geese. Honora had probably left for France a year earlier with other Jacobite ladies.

Breda's great-grandfather Pieter emigrated to Stockholm around the year 1670 from the Netherlands. The "von Breda" family name seems to indicate a connection with the city of Breda. Von is not a Dutch preposition, but in the Nordic countries, this originally German preposition has occasionally been used as a part of names of ennobled families of native or foreign, but non-German, origin. Pieter's son Lucas (Carl's grandfather, 1676–1752) was a successful painter.

Born in Nyköping, Sweden, she was the child of the priest Mangnus Jonae Agriconius. But she became an orphan at an early age. Her brother Samuel was secretary at the Swedish embassies in London and Paris, and was ennobled in 1679. She was in 1671 employed at the court of Princess Maria Eufrosyne, the aunt of king Charles XI of Sweden, where she became known for her great learning and her interest in science.

In the beginning of 1716 he was ennobled by Frederick IV under the name of Tordenskiold. Captain Peter Wessel Tordenskiold led a daring cutting- out raid at Dynekil Fjord in Bohuslän which captured or destroyed the entire Swedish transport fleet, and, more importantly, the Swedish supplies at Dynekilen. Running low on supplies, Charles retreated hastily across the Svinesund and burned his bridges behind him. By July 12, not a Swedish soldier remained in Norway.

This was the final stroke that crushed all opposition by publicly demonstrating even the aristocracy was powerless before the King's loyal minister. Joseph I ennobled Carvalho e Melo as Count of Oeiras in 1759. In 1762, Spain invaded Portuguese territory as part of the Seven Years' War, but by 1763 the status quo between Spain and Portugal before the war had been restored. Following the Távora affair, the new Count of Oeiras knew no opposition.

Bernburg, 14 November 1746 - d. Coswig, 18 May 1823), married on 27 April 1762 to Augustus II, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. In Bernburg on 13 November 1750 Victor Frederick married morganatically for a third time to Konstanze Fredericka Schmidt, a commoner. She was ennobled and obtain the title of Baroness of Bähr (German: Frau von Bähr) in 1752, shortly before the birth of their only daughter: #Louise Fredericka Wilhelmine of Bähr (b.

Schnitzler was born in Berlin, the son of German vice consul Julius Eduard von Schnitzler, scion of a Cologne banking dynasty, who had been ennobled by the state of Prussia in 1913. Karl-Eduard attended a boarding school at Bad Godesberg and joined the Sozialistische Arbeiter-Jugend youth organisation of the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1932. After receiving his school-leaving qualification in 1937, he began studying medicine at the University of Freiburg.

It is frequently reported, in sources from the 19th and early 20th centuries to the present, that the "Marquis Giovanni Dondi dell'Orologio" was responsible for introducing the Padovana chicken, which closely resembles the Polish breed, from Poland to Italy. However the Dondi who was ennobled was the soldier Francesco Dondi, created Marquis by King John III Sobieski in 1676; no journey to or contact with Poland by Giovanni Dondi in the 14th century is documented.

The Ven Benedict George Hoskyns MA (23 February 1856 – 11 September 1935) was an eminent Anglican priest in the first third of the 20th century.National Archives He was born on 23 February 1856 into an ennobled family: his father was Canon Sir John Leigh Hoskyns, 9th Bart.thePeerage.com"Who was Who" 1897–2007 London, A & C Black, 2007 He was educated at Bradfield, Haileybury and Jesus College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1878.UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE .

He was ennobled in 1655 and was a signatory of the 1661 Sovereignty Act as a representative of the noble estates of the realm.Allan Tønnesen (ed.), Magtens besegling. Enevoldsarveregeringsakterne af 1661 og 1662 underskrevet og beseglet af stænderne i Danmark, Norge, Island og Færøerne, Heraldisk Selskab/Syddansk Universitetsforlag, Odense 2013, His writings, dating from 1646 to 1657, are among the most important sources for assessing military conditions in Norway at that time.

He acquired in 1673 the Kittelau from duchess (Herzogin) Louise von Brieg and in the same year inherited Reisau and Roschkowitz from Tobias von Kleindienst. As an acknowledged poet, an ennobled Obersyndikus and landowner, Caspar was at his peak of life in the 1670s. Turning always more strongly towards the Habsburg position, he was appointed an imperial advisor in 1675. He died at the family Schloss at Breslau, Niederschlesien, of a stroke in 1683.

Hans Didrik Brinck-Seidelin Hans Seidelin purchased Hagestedgård in 1730. A favourite of the new king Christian VI, he had just been appointed to Post Master-General of the Royal Danish Mail, Director of the Royal Vajsen House and judge at the Hofretten. The purchase of Hagestedgård emphasized his new position in society and he was ennobled the following year. Seidelin's son, Hans Hansen Seidelin, who inherited Hagestedgård in 1740, had no male heirs.

On 4 June 1849, he was appointed lieutenant colonel. During the Hungarian Revolution Ramming took part in the battles at Szered, Raab, Komorn and Szegedin as General Staff of the FZM Haynau. For his services as chief of staff of the army during the summer campaign in Hungary, he was promoted to colonel and awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Maria Theresa. Ramming was ennobled as a baron in 1851.

Chinese support was particularly evident in the army's artillery and naval contingents. The defected Ming mutineer Kong Youde, ennobled as the Qing's Prince Gongshun, joined the attacks on Ganghwa and Ka ("Pidao"). The defectors Geng Zhongming and Shang Kexi also played prominent roles in the Korean invasion. After the Second Manchu invasion of Korea, Joseon Korea was forced to give several of their royal princesses as concubines to the Qing Manchu regent Prince Dorgon.

Zheng Keshuang, Prince of Yanping (; 13 August 1670 – 22 September 1707), courtesy name Shihong, art name Huitang, was the third and last ruler of the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan in the 17th century. He was the second son of Zheng Jing and a grandson of Koxinga (Zheng Chenggong). After surrendering to the Qing dynasty in 1683, he was ennobled as Duke Hanjun, and lived the rest of his life in Beijing.

Soon after his accession, the new king, James I, ennobled Theobald as Viscount of Tulleophelim. Elizabeth and Theobald married in 1603 and she became Viscountess Tulleophelim. Despite his title, Lord Tulleophelim was neither wealthy nor influential and he expected his uncle and father-in-law, Black Tom, to support the newlyweds financially. Black Tom proved not a generous and Tulleophelim blamed his wife for his lack of resources and allegedly abused her.

Another Scotsman, David Welwood, who is buried at Eggeslevmagle Church, was also associated Gerdrup in this period. Peder Vibe I 1654, Hans Welwood and Lorens Cunningham sold the estate to Peder Vibe. Two years later they had to enter into a settlement with Claus Kaas, the heir of Frands Kaas, which required them to pay him 2,000 Danish rifsdaler for him to recognixe the deed of 1654. Vibe was ennobled in 1634.

The Laetare Medal is an annual award given by the University of Notre Dame in recognition of outstanding service to the Catholic Church and society. The award is given to an American Catholic or group of Catholics "whose genius has ennobled the arts and sciences, illustrated the ideals of the church and enriched the heritage of humanity."Skinner, Rosemary, (editor), 2006, Encyclopedia of Women And Religion in North America, Indiana University Press, p. 877, .

After the Coup of 18 Fructidor he was deported to French Guiana with others belonging to Pichegru's faction, but later escaped. Willot overtly embraced the Royalist cause and worked with France's enemies to overthrow the First French Republic. After drifting to several nations, he spent the years of the First French Empire in the United States. Returning to France with King Louis XVIII he was ennobled as a count and given awards for his loyalty.

The Casamajor de Charritte was an old Basque-Béarnaise family. His great grandfather Guicharnaud de Casamajor, a notary who became treasurer and receiver general of the Kingdom of Navarre, was ennobled in 1583 by Henry III of Navarre, who later became Henry IV of France. His grandfather Josué de Casamajor married Jeanne de Charritte in 1608. He was one of eight children of Isaac de Casamajor de Charritte and Marie de Maytie.

Gablenz was made Generalmajor in May 1854 and was given command of a brigade in the occupation corps of the Danube principalities. In 1857 he was given an infantry brigade in FML Zobel's VII Corps. Ennobled as an Austrian baron in March 1858, Gablenz served in the Second Italian War of Independence, where he fought at Magenta and Solferino. Transferred to the V Corps, Galenz was promoted to Feldmarschall-Leutnant in 1862.

Rear-Admiral Sir Richard Bickerton, 1st Baronet (23 June 172725 February 1792) was a British naval officer who finished his career as a rear admiral in the Royal Navy and was ennobled as the first Baronet Bickerton of Upwood. He served in several naval engagements, and died Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth in 1792. His son Richard Hussey Bickerton, who likewise rose to flag rank in the Royal Navy, succeeded to the baronetcy following his death.

Georg Frederik Otto von Zytphen-Adeler Benzonszlund was sold after Rosenørn's early death in 1820. The new owner was Bertha Adeler, the widow of Frederik, Baron Adeler, whose ambition it was to restore the Barony of Adelersborg (now Dragsholm Castle). Georg Frederik Otto von Zytphen, who was married to Bertha Adeler's grand daughter, was ennobled under the name Zytphen-Adeler in 1838. He managed the Benzonszlund estate from 1839 and became its owner in 1843.

Gathenhielm was accused of piracy against Swedish ships as well, but was protected by the king himself and therefore never punished. He and his brother Christen (1682-1722) were ennobled in 1715 under the surname Gathenhielm for their efforts on behalf of Swedish navigation. Gathenhielm was later also appointed commodore in the Royal Swedish Navy. Lars Gathenhielm died from tuberculosis at his house at Lilla Torget in Gothenburg in 1718 at the age of 29.

Alexander Urusov was born in Moscow. The Urusov family was of Tatar ancestry,Harold Williams, Russia of the Russians, Sir I. Pitman & sons (1914), p. 20 ennobled during the times of Alexander I.Aleksandr Vasilʹev, Beauty in Exile: The Artists, Models, and Nobility who Fled the Russian Revolution and Influenced the World of Fashion, Harry N. Abrams (2000), p. 194 His father, Colonel Ivan Alexandrovich Urusov, was the Moscow military chief Arseny Zakrevsky's deputy.

Coat of arms of Carpelan Carpelan family is a Finnish noble family from Middle Ages. Squire Paval Karppalainen from Vehmaa, Varsinais-Suomi was ennobled in 1407 by king Eric XIII of Sweden. After the extinction of his male line, his granddaughter's son continued the family name and took up his mothers arms. His descendants were registered under number 38 among the untitled nobility at the Swedish House of Nobility when it was established in 1625.

Although successful, he was abruptly dismissed from his post. In 1869, he was recalled and dispatched to Paraguay, this time to negotiate an end to its war with Brazil. His successful efforts in concluding a peace with Paraguay were recognized, and Pedro II ennobled him, making him Viscount of Rio Branco (Portuguese for "White River"). In 1871, Rio Branco became the President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) for the first time.

Born Gabriel Léon Marie Pierre de Montaigne de Poncins in Civens, Loire. He was descended of an aristocratic family ennobled in 1696. His writings enjoyed some prominence in the 1930s (many of his works were translated into English, Italian, German, and Spanish). Léon de Poncins contributed to many newspapers like Le Jour, Le Figaro, L'Ami du peuple, and Le Nouvelliste; he also directed the journal Contre-Révolution (Counter-Revolution) from 1937 to 1939.

However, only a few months later, Ichinoseki along with Sendai Domain, was forced to surrender to imperial forces. Kuniyoshi retired in favor of his younger brother, Tamura Takaaki. In 1869 his court rank was increased to Fifth Grade, and he served the new government in various capacities. In 1882, the chieftainship of the Tamura clan was returned from his brother, and in 1884 he was ennobled with the kazoku peerage title of shishaku (viscount).

London: C. Gilbert- Wood, p. 141. Psilander commanded a ship-of-the-line in the Battle of Køge Bay (1710), becoming Deputy Superintendent of the Royal Navy shipyard in Karlskrona the same year. Promoted to Schoutbynacht and Admiralty Commissioner in 1712, he was also ennobled the same year. Favoured by the King's patronage since the 1704 battle, he was promoted to Vice-admiral and superintendent of Karlskrona shipyard 1714, and full Admiral in 1715.

Nobutoshi was allowed to return to Tendō in July 1869 in the role of domain governor, as Suemaru was still in his minority. Tendō domain was abolished with the Abolition of the han system in 1871, and Nobutoshi was appointed governor. In 1874, Nobutoshi joined the new Meiji government as an employee of the Imperial Household Ministry. In 1884, he was ennobled with the title of viscount (shishaku) under the kazoku peerage system.

Louis-Charles Le Vassor de La Touche was born on 31 March 1709 in Le Lamentin, Martinique. His family had been established in Martinique since the middle of the 17th century, and was ennobled in 1706. His grandfather was one of the leaders of the Gaoulé revolt in 1717. His father was Charles Lambert Le Vassor de La Touche (1677–1737), a militia colonel, lieutenant general, captain general of the coastguard of Le Croisic.

Boyle was born circa 1609, the eldest son of Richard Boyle, Archbishop of Tuam. His uncle was Michael Boyle the elder. It was through the descendants of his cousin Lieutenant Colonel Richard Boyle that the Boyle name became ennobled over the centuries with multiple peerages, including Earl of Cork, Earl of Orrery and Earl of Shannon. Boyle was apparently educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he proceeded M.A., and on 4 November 1637 was incorporated M.A. of Oxford.

She was born in 1900, the elder daughter of Wilfred William Ashley, later 1st Baron Mount Temple (of the 1932 creation), who was a Conservative Member of Parliament.Janet Morgan, Edwina Mountbatten: A Life of Her Own (1991). Edwina Ashley was patrilineally descended from the Earls of Shaftesbury who had been ranked as baronets since 1622 and ennobled as barons in 1661. She was a great- granddaughter of the reformist 7th Earl of Shaftesbury through his younger son, The Hon.

In 1628 he exchanged Mäkkylä for Träskända village ( now the manor of Järvenperä ) in the same parish. On 16 November 1646 Johan Guldener was ennobled with the name of Gyldenär and introduced in 1650 in the House of Nobility Riddarhuset with the number 388. In 1647, he was a Major in the Viborg ( now Viipuri, Finland ) Infantry Regiment, which was sent to Riga. He was the commander of the Vargskärs fort of Helsingfors ( now Helsinki ) in 1656 and 1658.

In the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, ennoblement (nobilitacja) meant an individual's joining the szlachta (Polish nobility). At first it was granted by monarch, since the late 16th century by the sejm that gave the ennobled person a coat of arms. Often that person could join an existing noble szlachta family with their own coat of arms. The increase of number of Polish nobility by trustworthy ennoblements was proportionally minimal since the 14th century.

They were appointed co-regent and given the right to veto any decision made by Friedrich Casimir. Friedrich Casimir councillor were dismissed and a new government was installed, led by President of the Chamber Johann Georg Seyfried, who was later ennobled as Baron von Edelsheim. In practice, this limitation of the Count's power often led to conflicts with the government. The regents tried to implement rigorous financial policies to repay government debt; the Count was still far more generous.

From the 16th century it was the property of the Reitmor (Reitmayer) family, who converted it to approximately its current form. Dr. Johann von Mändl was born on 8 January 1588 as a commoner, studied jurisprudence in Ingolstadt and in Perugia, Italy, and then joined the service of Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria. He rose to a position equivalent to Minister of Finance. He was ennobled in 1623, and bought the hofmark of Deutenhofen in 1624.

His family is an old family from Savoy in France. Its members were notaries, merchants, mayors, captains of the castel, military and industrial people. An extinct branch called Goybet de Lutrin de Grilly was ennobled in the 18th Century and gave in 1753 a governor of the provinces of Chablais and Genevois. The coat of arms of this extinct branch was a blue field with three silver stars at the head and an upturned crescent at the point.

She belongs to the Schnurbein family, originally from South Tyrol (now in northern Italy). In the late 16th century the Schnurbein family settled in Augsburg, where they became wealthy silk merchants and members of the free imperial city's hereditary ruling class, the patriciate. The family was ennobled by the Holy Roman Emperor in 1697 and raised to Baronial rank in 1741.Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Band XIII, Band 128 der Gesamtreihe, Limburg an der Lahn 2002, p.

Seeckt was born in Schleswig on 22 April 1866 into an old Pomeranian family, which had been ennobled in the eighteenth century.Bongard, David, "Seeckt, Hans von" in The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography ed. Trevor Dupuy, Curt Johnson & David Bongard (New York: HarperCollins, 1992) pp. 670-671 Though the family had lost its estates, Seeckt was "a thorough-going aristocrat", and his father was an important general within the German Army, finishing his career as military governor of Posen.

On 19 June 1981, Gardner was created a life peeress of the United Kingdom as Baroness Gardner of Parkes, of Southgate in Greater London, and of Parkes in the State of New South Wales and Commonwealth of Australia. She was ennobled for her two decades of community and local government work as a Conservative, the first Australian woman to be so honoured. On 4 April 2007 she was made an Honorary Fellow of the University of Sydney.

In 1874, Hauberrisser became a citizen of Bavaria and got the right of residence in Munich. In 1893 he was accepted into the Arts Class of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art. In 1901, Prince Regent Luitpold ennobled Georg Hauberrisser by awarding him the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown in the grade of a Knight which entitled him to be called Ritter von Hauberrisser. Georg von Hauberrisser died aged 81 suffering from heart disease.

Knights (Cavaliere) of House of Bove traveled north to Germany, where they lead many armed forces with the House of Grisone. Count Carl of Anjou, later titled King Charles I of Naples requested their support against King Conradin of Sicily. In the 13th century King Charles I of Naples ennobled Sergio Bove of the House of Bove with title and feudal territories in Bitonto. Sergio Bove's title allowed him to administer trade and commerce in his feudal territories.

After several months the Alliance was defeated, and the new Meiji government reduced the domain by 40,000 koku, and its subsidiary domain of "Yonezawa Shinden han" was abolished in 1869. Yonezawa Domain became Yonezawa prefecture with the abolition of the han system as a whole two years later, and was then combined with Okitama prefecture to form Yamagata prefecture. The final daimyō of Yonezawa, Uesugi Mochinori, was later ennobled with the new kazoku peerage title of hakushaku (Count).

After promotion he commanded a division in the thick of the action at Friedland in 1807. In 1808, Napoleon ennobled Lapisse and transferred him to Spain where he led his division at Espinosa. Detailed to lead one of three columns that were invade Portugal, he was completely outmaneuvered by an inferior force. He surprised and defeated a British infantry division in the Casa de Salinas action, but was mortally wounded the following day during heavy fighting at Talavera.

Da Gama led two of the Portuguese India Armadas, the first and the fourth. The latter was the largest and departed for India four years after his return from the first one. For his contributions, in 1524 da Gama was appointed Governor of India, with the title of Viceroy, and was ennobled as Count of Vidigueira in 1519. He remains a leading figure in the history of exploration, and homages worldwide have celebrated his explorations and accomplishments.

The inscription reads: "The University of Minnesota: Founded in the Faith that Men are Ennobled by Understanding; Dedicated to the Advancement of Learning and the Search for Truth; Devoted to the Instruction of Youth and the Welfare of the State." Northrop's grand opening occurred on October 22, 1929 with a performance by the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra. The celebration continued with a performance by the Boston Symphony on October 30 and the "Alumni and State Program" on November 15.

Amália J. Moskowitz (familiarly known as Máli) was born in Budapest. She grew up in Alsókörtvélyes (now Nižný Hrušov, Slovakia) on the country estate belonging to her father Geyza Moskowitz, a physician who had served as personal secretary to Prime Minister Gyula Andrássy. Her mother, Hermina Hatvany, was a member of the Hatvany-Deutsch family, one of the leading ennobled Jewish families of Hungary. The art patron Sándor Hatvany- Deutsch was her uncle, the writer her cousin.

The Age of Ulrika Eleonora the Younger) Affärstryckeriet, Norrtälje. (1976) which was considered to be an impressive act of courage. Her favorite courtier was Emerentia von Düben (1669–1743), her old nurse, who had been ennobled and made lady-in-waiting in 1707 and with whom she had a close relationship all her life. Düben acted as her advisor, her comfort and her support, and was said to not have abused her influence - they were described as sisters.

Thomas Bland Royden served as the Mayor of Liverpool in 1878-1879, and was elected MP for Liverpool West Toxteth in 1885, serving until 1892. He became a baronet on 29 July 1905, while his son, Thomas Royden, 2nd Bt., served as the chairman of the Cunard Line, and as MP for Bootle in 1918-1922. He was ennobled as Baron Royden in 1944. Agnes Maude Royden, daughter of Thomas B. Royden, was a noted suffragist, pacifist and preacher.

In September 1644, he was ordered to patrol the Fehmarn Belt between the islands of Fehmarn and Lolland. He was instructed to keep the waterway clear and observe the movements of the Swedish fleet with 17 ships of the line. While sickness ravaged his squadron, the Swedish main fleet commanded by Carl Gustaf Wrangel was unexpectedly joined by the auxiliary Dutch fleet under Marten Thijssen (now ennobled with the surname Anckarhjelm). These 42 ships attacked on October 13.

After the war, he was made commander in chief of the Training Fleet and promoted to vice admiral in March 1907. Tomioka was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system in September 1907. After serving as commander in chief of the Takeshiki Guard District and the Ryojun Guard District, he entered the reserves in December 1911. From 1914 until his death in July 1917, Tomioka was vice-chairman of the Imperial Serviceman’s Association.

With the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Hidaka was in line for promotion to command the Combined Fleet against the Imperial Russian Navy. However, Minister of the Navy Yamamoto Gonnohyōe selected Tōgō Heihachirō instead. When questioned about his decision by Emperor Meiji, Yamamoto replied that it was because “Togo was lucky”.Kaigun, page 82 Hidaka was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system in 1907, and was promoted to full admiral in 1908.

Basil (Jared Leto) recalls his younger days when he and his ennobled British family live at their Cornwall estate of Windermere Hall. His father, Frederick (Derek Jacobi), is a firm believer that people should know their place in society. Clara Fairfax is an orphaned daughter of Basil's father's friend, and comes to live with Basil's family. Basil's older brother, Ralph, is, for his transgression with a local girl, banished to a distant, derelict family manor in Yorkshire.

The original building dates back to 1716. In 1881 Wilhelm Adolf von Carstanjen (1825–1900, ennobled 1881) acquired the building which he rebuilt into its present classical castle form. After 1950 it was occupied by the German Federal Government. From 1950 until 1957 it housed the Bundesministerium für Angelegenheiten des Marshallplanes (the Federal Ministry for the Marshall Plan), from 1957 until its dissolution in 1969 the Bundesschatzministerium (Treasury) and, until 1999, the Bundesministerium der Finanzen (Federal Ministry of Finance).

The monument was erected to celebrate the Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington's victory at the Battle of Waterloo. Following his victory at the Battle of Talavera Wellesley was ennobled. As he was abroad his brother chose the name of the Somerset town, of its similarity to the family name, although Wellesley had never visited it. Parliament awarded him £100,000, and with this he bought two manors in the town, including the land the monument now stands on.

Construction of non-Catholic churches was banned in 1632. The pacifist Polish Unitarians (Polish Brethren) were expelled from Poland in 1658 for refusing to aid the country in the time of military need. In 1668 the Sejm made it illegal for Catholics to convert to another faith; in 1673 non-Catholics were forbidden to be ennobled. By the first half of the 18th century, Protestants were barred from most civil offices, including being elected to the Sejm.

Michael Stanton, writing in the J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia, describes Frodo's character as combining "courage, selflessness, and fidelity", attributes that make Frodo ideal as a Ring-bearer. He lacks Sam's simple sturdiness, Merry and Pippin's clowning, and the psychopathology of Gollum, writes Stanton, bearing out the saying that good is less exciting than evil; but Frodo grows through his quest, becoming "ennobled" by it, to the extent that returning to the Shire feels in Frodo's words "like falling asleep again".

Born in Stralsund, in 1771 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Göttingen, having studied under Johann Christian Erxleben. In 1806, Weigel was ennobled and carried from then on a "von" in his name. He became the personal physician of the Swedish royal house two years later. Among other things, Weigel developed a cooling heat exchanger (German Gegenstromkühler) (1771), which was later improved upon by Justus von Liebig and then became known as the Liebig condenser (Liebigkühler).

Gyllenhielm became a lady-in-waiting to her aunt Princess Elizabeth of Sweden in 1576.Ericson Wolke, Lars, Johan III: en biografi, Historiska media, Lund, 2004 The same year, she was engaged by her father to his favourite, French immigrant Baron Pontus De la Gardie (1520–1585) as a reward for his service for her father. Sofia, her sister Lucretia Gyllenhielm (1561–1585) and their brother Julius were ennobled in 1577 and given the surname Gyllenhielm.

Segovia was awarded many prizes and honours, including doctorates honoris causa, from ten universities. On 24 June 1981, he was ennobled by King Juan Carlos I, who gave Segovia the hereditary title of Marqués de Salobreña (English: Marquis of Salobreña) in the nobility of Spain in recognition of his contributions to music and the arts. He received the Danish Sonning Award in 1974, the Ernst von Siemens Music Prize in 1985, and a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1986.

Jens Bruun de Neergaard After the divorce, Frederik Oertz sold Svenstrup to Peter Johansen Neergaard who had been appointed to krigsråd. He managed the estate with great skill. His son, Jens Bruun Neergaard, constructed a new main building in 1780, the same year that he was ennobled under the name de Neergaard, and also expanded the estate through the acquisition of more land. Jens Bruun de Neergaard is also remembered for his literarydispute with the poet Johan Herman Wessel.

In 1620, she married , who was ennobled Liljenhagen and credited as ambassador of Sweden to Russia in 1630. Stopia (as was still common in Sweden at the time, she would not have used the name of her spouse) accompanied him to his office in Moscow. When Johan Möller died in 1632, Stopia was officially credited by the riksråd to continue with the work of her late spouse and fill the position of his office as ambassador.

Vaughan was the eldest son of John Vaughan, 1st Viscount Lisburne, who was ennobled in the Irish peerage around the time of the younger John's birth. His mother was Lady Malet Wilmot, daughter of John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester. Vaughan appears to have led a dissipated life even before succeeding his father to his estates in 1721. He married Anne Bennet, daughter of Sir John Bennett. She died on 31 July 1723, shortly before her father, without children.

He was County Governor of Bergenhus len (1667-1669) and Mayor of Bergen (1679-1681). Hans Hansen Smidt was ennobled with the surname Lillienschiold in 1676. He became quite wealthy and owned various properties including Losna-ætta on Losna in Sogn and part of Giskegodset in Sunnmøre. His family also became related to the noble family Svanenhielm through the marriage of his grand-daughter Cecilia Christine Lillienschiold (1687-1749) to Morten de Svanenhielm (1690-1749) of Svanøy.

While Luciano incorporated, like Codazzi, Bamboccianti genre elements of daily life, he softened the more realistic approach of the Bamboccianti and their indecorous aspects. Luciano's style combined genre aspects with the elegance of Classicism, ennobled by sumptuous fancy architectures. His mature works anticipate 18th-century developments. It is these characteristics which attracted the attention of travelers on their Grand Tour, as it offered a mirror of the daily life in Rome while also expressing the monumentality of historic Rome.

Rab Butler was appointed as Chancellor of the Exchequer while Sir Anthony Eden returned as Foreign Secretary. The noted Scottish lawyer Sir David Maxwell Fyfe, who had gained fame as a prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials, became Home Secretary. He remained in this post until 1954, when he was ennobled as Viscount Kilmuir and appointed Lord Chancellor. Future Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan achieved his first major Cabinet position when he was made Minister of Defence in 1954.

However, the following day, he resigned from the New Party and thereafter sat as an independent.Christopher Silvester, The Literary Companion to Parliament, p.108 but lost his seat at the 1931 general election He returned to Parliament at a wartime by-election in 1942. David Margesson the Conservative MP for Rugby and Secretary of State for War had been dismissed from his ministerial job after the loss of Singapore to the Japanese, but was ennobled as Viscount Margesson.

The Atherton family's association with the township ended with Richard Atherton's death in 1726. His daughter, Elizabeth, married Robert Gwillym and their son, Robert Vernon Atherton, married Henrietta Maria Legh. They had five children; the sons died young, and their eldest daughter Henrietta Maria Atherton married Thomas Powys, 2nd Baron Lilford whose father was ennobled by Pitt the Younger in 1797, taking the title of Baron Lilford. He left his estates to his son, Thomas Atherton Powys.

However, the rise of Tokaj as a major wine region can be dated to the early 16th Century. Around 1620 the Emperor imported a Walloon-French wine-farmer Duvont, who later invented what would be known as the "king of wines"-method in the Tokaji-district. In honour of Mr. Duvont's exceptional skills, the Emperor ennobled this farmer, and gave him one of his many villages (Kiralyfalva), now Königsdorf in Austria. The emperor then named the family Királyfalvy.

Tadeusz Mikołaj Thullie (born 6 December 1741 in Warsaw, died 14 April 1843 in Lwów) was the last Royal Secretary of King Stanisław August Poniatowski. He was ennobled in 1767, receiving the Prawdzic coat of arms. He was the son of Adam Thullie, lieutenant general of the Polish army, and Katarzyna née Fontana, a sister of royal architect Jakub Fontana. Tadeusz's grandfather, Jan Thullie, had been brought to Poland from France by hetman Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski.

His father was Abraham Lehn (1701–1757), an estate owner and collector of books and art. In 1731, Abraham Lehn and his brother Johan Lehn (1705-1760) were ennobled; this made Poul Abraham Lehn noble as well when he was born in 1732. After the death of his father in 1757, he inherited the estates Berritzgaard and Højbygård on Lolland. At the death of an uncle Johan Lehn in 1760, he received the Fyn estates Hvidkilde, Nielstrup and Lindskov.

He was knighted in 1616, and after his brother's death in 1625 was in his memory ennobled as Baron Chichester, of Belfast and Viscount Chichester, of Carrickfergus both in the County of Antrim, both in the Peerage of Ireland. He succeeded his brother in his extensive estates as well as in his offices of Governor of Carrickfergus and Lord High Admiral of Lough Neagh. He took his seat in the Irish House of Lords in 1634.

A member of a prominent Jewish-origined family of industrialists, he was a grandson of Ludwig Aaron Gans. In 1908 Arthur Weinberg and his brother Carl were ennobled by Emperor William II, and he received numerous other honours in Germany. In 1909 he married the Dutch widow Willemine Huygens. During the Nazi regime, Weinberg was forced out of his offices and for a time lived with his adopted daughters Marie and Charlotte, Countess Spreti in Bavaria.

The process was triggered by the royal state's need for money. The Spanish crown ennobled the bourgeoisie of rich merchants and financiers, who infiltrated and reinforced the noble order. Fernand Braudel found the “clearest case of refeudalization” in Spanish Naples. The monarchy had raised capital by selling feudal titles, which in the long term increased the fiscal burden that the seigneurial regime imposed on the rural poor, since the nobles were exempted from paying taxes to the viceroyal regime.

Records indicate nameholders came to England during and in the decades following the Norman Conquest, but its usage became more common in the reign of Richard I and especially in the time of King John. In Queen Elizabeth’s long reign the surname often appeared among the rolls of her ennobled subjects who were prominently mentioned in the annals of her time. Duke families were also found very early in Ireland. According to O’Hart’s Irish Pedigrees, Vol.

In 1863, the title "Prince of Teck" () was conferred as a courtesy title by King William I of Württemberg upon the children of his cousin Duke Alexander of Württemberg (1804–85) by his morganatic marriage with Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde (1812–41), ennobled as countess of Hohenstein. In 1871, Prince Francis, the eldest son of Duke Alexander, was created Duke of Teck. His eldest son Adolphus (born 1868) was the holder of the title in 1910.

Cawdor was home to younger brothers of the family who continued to manage the estates, building a walled flower garden in 1720, and establishing extensive woodlands in the later 18th century. John Campbell of Cawdor, a Member of Parliament, married a daughter of the Earl of Carlisle in 1789, and was ennobled as Lord Cawdor in 1796. In 1827, his son was created Earl Cawdor. During the 19th century, Cawdor was used as a summer residence by the Earls.

Owen Coxe-Siölöw was an English captain in the Commonwealth navy who served in the Royal Swedish Navy 1658–1660, reaching vice-admiral's rank and being ennobled by the Swedish crown under the name Siölöw.Unger 1909, p. 271-272. During the Dano-Swedish War 1658–60, the Dutch navy aided the Danes, and a large English fleet under Montagu was sent to the Baltic during the summer of 1659 in order to counterbalance the Dutch presence.Glete 2010, p. 182.

The Beaumonts' main residence was Bretton Hall and a considerable amount of money was spent on it during their time there. Their son Thomas Wentworth Beaumont was Liberal MP for seats in Stafford and Northumberland and supporter of the Reform Act 1832. His son Wentworth Blackett Beaumont spent more time in the north east where he owned more than 14,000 acres of land as well as the Bretton estate. He was ennobled as Baron Allendale of Allendale.

After being re-catholicized in the 17th century, the city's population declined. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Mladá Boleslav (called Bumsla by Jews) was an important Jewish center. In the 19th century (in fact, the period of decline of the Jewish community), Mladá Boleslav was dubbed "Jerusalem on Jizera". In 1634, Jacob Bassevi von Treuenberg (born 1580 in Verona, Italy), the first ennobled Jew in the Habsburg monarchy, was buried in the Jewish cemetery in Mladá Boleslav.

Yasusuke's descendants were moved several times by shogunate decree, residing successively in 1687 at Tanaka Domain in Suruga Province, in 1703 at Tanakura Domain in Mutsu Province, and in 1728 at Tatebayashi Domain in Kōzuke Province. Then, in the period spanning the years 1746 through 1868, this branch of the Ōta clan established itself at Kakegawa Domain (53,000 koku)Papinot, p. 48. in Tōtōmi. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Wilhelm von Opel (15 May 1871 – 2 May 1948), known as Wilhelm Opel before being ennobled in 1917, was one of the founders of the German automobile manufacturer Opel. He introduced the assembly line to the German automobile industry. His father, Adam Opel, had founded the family firm as a manufacturer of sewing machines, and later diversified into bicycle manufacturing. Wilhelm studied engineering at Technische Hochschule Darmstadt and received his doctorate in 1912 from the university.

Their heraldic shield is "azure, on a cross, or". Family tradition holds that one of the family's members was saint Roch, the pilgrim apostle who dedicated his life to the service of the sick and plague- victims in the 13th century. The La Croix de Castries family, however, was not ennobled until the end of the 15th century, as Nobles of the Sword. It was admitted to the honours of court in 1744, 1753, 1776, and 1786.

He was born at Haddorp in Slaka parish in Östergötland, Sweden to Nils Johansson (or JonssonLiedgren 1967–69:697 or Jönsson) and his wife Anna Hansdotter. His father was the head of a royal farm (kronohemman). In 1664, he married in Skänninge to Elisabeth Dalin, the daughter of a clergyman. In 1671 and in 1674, his estate received exemption from taxation and in 1672, he, his wife and their descendants were ennobled, a patent that was confirmed in 1681.

Following his industrial career, he was ennobled in 1888, becoming Werner von Siemens. He retired from his company in 1890 and died in 1892 in Berlin. The company, reorganized as Siemens & Halske AG, Siemens-Schuckertwerke and – since 1966 – Siemens AG was later led by his brother Carl, his sons Arnold, Wilhelm, and Carl Friedrich, his grandsons Hermann and Ernst and his great-grandson Peter von Siemens. Siemens AG is one of the largest electrotechnological firms in the world.

Cornelius Johnson, Sir Charles Coote, 1st Baronet, c. 1630 Circle of William Dobson, Sir Charles Coote, 2nd Baronet, c. 1642, before he was ennobled as the 1st Earl of Mountrath Ballyfin House, built by the 9th Baronet in the 1820s, now a luxury hotel There have been two baronetcies created for members of the Coote family. The first is Coote of Castle Cuffe, while the second is Coote of Donnybrooke, both in the Baronetage of Ireland.

Jan Jerzy Giessler of Złotorzek (his surname also rendered as Gizler, Giesler or Gisiler; late 18th century) was a Polish military officer. Born to Johann Giessler, an Austrian officer in Polish military service, Jan Jerzy Giessler also joined the Polish Army, eventually rising to the rank of Colonel of the Polish Army. He was also ennobled and received the coat of arms of Złotorzek. He was the commanding officer of the 16th Regiment of Foot during the Kościuszko Uprising.

In the next creation of the earldom, in 1217, it was Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester (1172–1232) who was ennobled with it. It seems that the title, if not the property was in the hands of King John during his reign; hence perhaps, the name of the tower. During the last years of the Plantagenet kings of England, it was in the hands of Lord Lovell. He was a prominent supporter of Richard III.

Promoted to rear admiral on 4 February 1880, he was subsequently commandant of the Naval Engineering Academy and the Bureau of Naval Affairs. On 7 July 1884, he was ennobled with the title of viscount (shishaku) under the kazoku peerage system. Nire was promoted to vice admiral 29 June 1885. He became commander in chief of the Yokosuka Naval District in March 1889, and from June 1891 to August 1892 was commandant of the Naval Staff College.

By 1566 the Polish king Sigismund II Augustus had granted him the privilege to import and sell Greek wines, cotton, Moldavian honey, cowhides and furs, and Western cloths. On February 12, 1571, king Sigmind II Augustus ennobled Konstanty Korniakt (the elder) granting him the Krucina coat of arms. by which time he was the wealthiest inhabitant of Lviv, and one of the greatest patrons of Lviv Renaissance architecture. Konstantyn Franciszek had five siblings: Aleksander, Michal, Anna (m.

He was born in Denmark as the son of Otto Christopher von Munthe af Morgenstierne and his wife Christine Bodilla Birgitte de Flindt; his grandfather, supreme court justice Bredo von Munthe af Morgenstierne, had been ennobled in Denmark-Norway.Genealogy In 1800 he married Cathrine Elisabeth Fries. They had ten children. His son Vilhelm Ludvig Herman became a County Governor, and Christian Fredrik Jacob was a jurist as well as chief of police in Christiania for some time.

The Vasaborg Coat of Arms. King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden had an illegitimate son called Gustav Gustavsson who in 1637 was ennobled under the name of Vasaborg, echoing his father's House of Vasa. Queen Christina of Sweden raised her illegitimate half-brother to the dignity of a count when she gave him the Countship of Nystad in 1647. He and his family were registered to the Swedish House of Knights as its sixth comital family.

He occupied Venice and the Republic of Ragusa in 1806, was made governor-general of Venice in 1807, took part in the Erfurt negotiations of 1808, was ennobled as a count, and served with the emperor during the Peninsular War in Spain (1808–1809), where he commanded the division that besieged and won Pamplona. He fought under Viceroy Eugène de Beauharnais at the Battle of Raab in the Italian campaign and the subsequent advance to Vienna.

However, with Napoleon transferring troops from Spain to support his upcoming invasion of Russia, operations soon ground to a halt due to a lack of soldiers. Suchet also fell seriously ill with a fever and was out of action for weeks. This allowed the remnants of Blake's army under Mahy to recover. In the meantime, Napoleon ennobled his victorious marshal with the title Duke of Albufera,Gates, p 325 after the name of a lagoon south of Valencia.

Château de Brouchetière, Jœuf Former sepulchral chapel of the Wendels in Hayange François de Wendel was born in Paris on 5 May 1874. His parents were Henri de Wendel (1844–1906), an industrialist, and Berthe Corbel-Corbeau de Vaulserre. His mother, who died in 1918, was from a Savoy family that had been ennobled in 1667. François was the oldest of three sons, followed by Humbert de Wendel (1876–1954) and Maurice de Wendel (1879–1961).

On her father's side, the family had long lived in Gloucestershire: they were a solidly upper-middle-class family that claimed direct descent from William the Conqueror. Her paternal grandfather, Lord Parmoor, was a lawyer who had been ennobled in 1914, when he became a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Her paternal great-great- grandfather, Joseph Cripps, had been MP for Cirencester. Lord Parmoor had represented Stroud in the House of Commons.

Michel D'Hooghe (2013) Michel, Baron D'Hooghe is a Belgian member of the FIFA Council"Russian World Cup lobbyist gave painting to FIFA chief", Sunday Times, 14 August 2011, page 7 and Chairman of the medical committee of the FIFA. D'Hooghe, a medical doctor, was President of the Royal Belgian Football Association (1987-2001) and Chairman of the medical committee of the FIFA. He was President of Club Brugge KV (2003-2009). In 2001, he was ennobled as a baron.

In 1777, he accompanied MP Numanbey, representing the Ottoman Sultan, and translating Treaty Documents. In 1792, for his services in helping maintain the peace between Poland and the Ottomans that he was ennobled by the Rzeczpospolita. He spent the last years of his life in Lewiczyn, in the estates of his son-in-law, Wojciech Piotr Bedliński. He died there on June 11, 1812 and is buried in Lewiczyn, near his daughter Eliza and her husband Wojciech Bedliński.

Born into a Baltic German ennobled family from Courland, he entered the Imperial Russian Army on 3 February 1766 as a soldier in the Kazan Cuirassier Regiment. On 7 April 1766 he was promoted to corporal and on 1 January 1768 to sergeant. In 1770 he fought in the Moldova campaign, fighting at Largo and Cahul. On 21 July, the day of the battle of Cahul, he was promoted to cornet in the Riga Carabinier Regiment.

After the successful operation against Ming, Hong Taiji turned towards Joseon and launched an attack in December 1636. Prior to the invasion, Hong Taiji sent Abatai, Jirgalang, and Ajige to secure the coastal approaches to Korea, so that Ming could not send reinforcements.. The defected Ming mutineer Kong Youde, ennobled as the Qing's Prince Gongshun, joined the attacks on Ganghwa and Ka ("Pidao"). The defectors Geng Zhongming and Shang Kexi also played prominent roles in the Korean invasion.

The family heraldry refers to the coat of arms used by the Brazilian nobility. This included Brazilians that were members of Portuguese noble lineages and Brazilian citizens ennobled during the period of the Brazilian Monarchy (1822-1889). In most cases, the concession of new arms was associated to the concession of titles. As most of the Brazilian coat of arms bearers had Portuguese ancestors and surnames, their arms were usually taken from the arms of the corresponding Portuguese lineages.

Lom was born Herbert Charles Angelo Kuchačevič ze Schluderpacheru in Prague to Karl Kuchačevič ze Schluderpacheru, and Olga Gottlieb, who was of Jewish ancestry. Lom claimed that his family had been ennobled and that the family title dated from 1601. His film debut was in the Czech film Žena pod křížem ("A Woman Under Cross", 1937) followed by the Boží mlýny ("Mills of God", 1938). His early film appearances were mainly supporting roles, with the occasional top billing.

Greenway Court is a historic country estate near White Post in rural Clarke County, Virginia. The property is the site of the seat of the vast 18th- century land empire of Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693-1781), the only ennobled British colonial proprietor to live in one of the North American colonies. The surviving remnants of his complex — a later replacement brick house and Fairfax's stone land office — were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960.

The ennobled Romanians adopted their Hungarian peers' way of life, but dozens of Romanian noble families remained Orthodox for centuries. In comparison with Hungary proper, the autonomy of the Transylvanian counties was limited, because the voivodes restricted the development of their self-governing bodies. The general assemblies of the Transylvanian counties disappeared in the middle of the 14th century. Instead, the voivodes or their deputies held general assemblies for all noblemen from all the counties of the province.

José de Gálvez, Visitador general in New Spain and later Minister of the Indies. Palacio de Minería, Mexico City. The crown sought to make silver mining more productive and the silver magnates ennobled; it created the College of Mines and the Royal Mining Court. In Spanish America, José del Campillo y Cosío's Nuevo Sistema de gobierno económico para la América (New System of Economic Government for America) (1743) was a key text that shaped the reforms.

In 1648, Geyso replaced Potelles and was promoted from Generalwachtmeister to General-Lieutenant. He advanced to Rhine- Westphalia where he fought against the forces of the Electorate of Cologne commanded by Guillaume de Lamboy. On 14 July, he defeated Lamboy at the Battle of Wevelinghoven, skirmishes between the two continued until the end of the war denying Imperial troops of badly needed reinforcements. After the conclusion of the war Geyso was ennobled and served in the Kassel Landesausschuss.

The Baron Anselme Marie Jean Ghislain de Peellaert, lord of Westhove and Ten Poele, came from a family that had been ennobled in 1693. The earliest of his line to be promoted was Anselme's great grandfather, Jean-Charles Peellaert (1662–1727), lord of Steenmaere, and originally from Steenkerke. Anselme's grandfather was Jean Peellaert (1694–1752), who married Thérèse de Bie. His parents were Jean-Nicolas de Peellaert (1734–1792) and his wife, born Thérèse Coppieters (1738–1792).

Charged with the safety of Edo, they were patrons of the Shinchogumi police force, and were very effective in their duties. Following the surrender of Edo, the Sakai withdrew and returned north to their domain, where they were active in the northern theater of the Boshin War, as well as becoming signatories to the pact that created the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei in 1868. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in the Meiji period.

John Romilly, 1st Baron Romilly PC (20 January 1802 – 23 December 1874), known as Sir John Romilly between 1848 and 1866, was an English Whig politician and judge. He served in Lord John Russell's first administration as Solicitor- General from 1848 to 1850 and as Attorney-General from 1850 and 1851. The latter year he was appointed Master of the Rolls, a post he held until 1873. Knighted in 1848, he was ennobled as Baron Romilly in 1866.

In 1882 he undertook the direction of the Court Opera with the title of privy councillor, and in 1889 became its general music director. From 1882 onward, he lived in Niederlößnitz in the Weintraubenstraße (in 1883 renamed at his own suggestion as Schuchstraße 15/17). In 1898, he was ennobled by the Austrian emperor and in 1899 was appointed to the Saxon Confidential Privy Council. His period of influence is known as the Schuch era in operatic performing history.

Josef Roman Lorenz (1825-1911) Josef Roman Lorenz, later ennobled as Josef Roman Lorenz Ritter von Liburnau (26 November 1825, Linz - 13 November 1911, Vienna) was an Austrian naturalist. He is known for his studies in the fields of meteorology, phytogeography and agricultural sciences. He was the father of zoologist Ludwig Lorenz von Liburnau (1856-1943). He studied at the University of Vienna, later working as a Mittelschulprofessor (middle school professor) in Salzburg und Fiume. Loew_Franz_ex_Zapfe.

Johan August Gripenstedt was born in the Duchy of Holstein, then part of the German Confederation, where his parents lived at the time. His father Jakob Gripenstedt was a retired Swedish officer. His mother Helena Kristina (née Weinschenck) was the daughter of a German physician. The Gripenstedt family's earliest descendant was a man named Hieronimus Berger, born in the Courland region of modern-day Latvia, who immigrated to Sweden and was ennobled with name Gripenstedt in 1691.

Tomasz Maruszewski (1769–1834) was a prominent participant in the Kościuszko Uprising. A burgher and Polish Jacobin, he was a member of Kołłątaj's Forge and was ennobled by the Great Sejm in 1790. After pro-reform forces were defeated in the 1792 War in Defense of the Constitution, together with Hugo Kołłątaj he emigrated to Saxony, but in 1793 he returned to Poland. On behalf of Tadeusz Kościuszko he went to Warsaw, where he helped organize the Warsaw Uprising.

The Fareham by-election, 1939 was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Fareham in Hampshire on 6 October 1939. The seat had become vacant when Sir Thomas Inskip, the constituency's Conservative Party Member of Parliament had been ennobled as Viscount Caldecote on 6 September and appointed as Lord Chancellor. Inskip had held the Fareham seat since a by-election in 1931. The Conservative candidate, Dymoke White, was returned unopposed.

Most noble families failed to adopt a strategy to avoid the division of their inherited estates into dwarf-holdings through generations. Daughters could only demand the cash equivalent of the quarter of their father's estates, but younger sons rarely remained unmarried. Impoverished noblemen had little chance to receive land grants from the kings, because they were unable to participate in the monarchs' military campaigns, but commoners who bravely fought in the royal army were regularly ennobled.

' (; fl. 1645–1698) was a Polish soldier, property manager, chef and writer, best known as the author of Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw (A Collection of Dishes), the first cookbook written originally in the Polish language. He was an ennobled burgher who held the titular offices of royal secretary and (deputy pantler) of Zhytomyr. During much of his life he served some of the powerful magnate houses of Poland, including the Wielopolski, Zamoyski, Wiśniowiecki and Lubomirski families.

Ion Codru-Drăgușanu Grave in Sibiu Ion Codru-Drăgușanu (November 9, 1818-October 26, 1884) was an Austro-Hungarian ethnic Romanian prose writer. He was born in Drăguș, Brașov County, in the Transylvania region. His parents were Adam Plăiaș Codru or Adam al lui German (in his early years, the writer signed as Ioanne Germaniu Codru) and his wife Asinefta (née Trîmbițaș). His family were soldiers in the Transylvanian Military Frontier, ennobled during the time of Zsuzsanna Lorántffy.

Harrington receives a letter of reprimand for striking Houseman, but is also knighted, awarded several medals, ennobled by Grayson as one of its few Steadholders, and further ennobled in the Star Kingdom as Countess Harrington. After a year's convalescent leave, having lost her eye in the defense of Grayson, she is given the newly commissioned, state- of-the-art battlecruiser Nike and made flag captain of a new squadron, before again encountering Pavel Young. Prior to Captain Young's arrival at the forward base called Hancock Station, Harrington had become romantically involved with his former executive officer, whom Young blames in part for troubles he experienced after trying to strike back at Harrington in the first book. Attached to a cruiser squadron assigned as screening elements for her battlecruiser squadron in The Short Victorious War, Young disobeys Harrington's explicit orders (after she takes command upon the incapacitation of Admiral Mark Sarnow in combat) and flees in the book's climactic space battle, resulting in additional Manticoran deaths and losses, when Haven finally begins the war long expected by both sides.

As was already mentioned, when the family members in 19th century had begun to seek their origins, many mistakes were made and those, repeatedly adopted in the literature and supported by inaccurate knowledge of some family members, are being repeated even today and remain untreated. According to some, the family comes from German town Friedberg (Friedberg in der Wetterau) from the 12th century, whilst in the 13th century they were ennobled, and sometimes foreign persons are being counted amongst the family’s members, like Ojíř von Friedberg and other famous dignitaries (Erroneous union with different family von Friedberg.). In the 15th century the family was supposed to be living in Kraków in Poland (Mistaken with the family Salomons of Benediktovice formerly from Kraków and ennobled in 1434.) and it was after the Thirty Years War that they moved to Bohemia during the distribution of protestant possessions. Sometimes is town Frymburk mistaken as Friedberg (Also it should be said that there is plenty of towns and villages called Friedberg, dominantly along the borders.

Ruins of the residence of Constantine Phaulkon and his wife Maria Guyomar de Pinha in Lopburi, Thailand. Phaulkon's Catholic Japanese-Portuguese wife, named Maria Guyomar de Pinha,Note 9, Smithies 2002, p.100 who had been promised protection by being ennobled a countess of France, took refuge with the French troops in Bangkok, where she was able to stay from October 4-18, 1688. She had managed to flee Ayutthaya with the help of a French officer named Sieur de Sainte- Marie.

In 1806, William Lygon was made a baronet and subsequently ennobled as Earl Beauchamp in 1815. The family's position had been transformed by the death of a distant relative, William Jennens, in 1798. Known as "William the Miser", and "the richest commoner in England", Jennens had amassed a very large fortune through inheritance, stock dealing, property investments and money lending. His death saw his fortune split between three distant relatives, with William Lygon's share equating to some £40 million pounds at 2012 values.

At the beginning of the eighteenth century, Rudbeck turned his attention away from nature studies to speculation about the relationship between Sami languages to Finnish and Hungarian. To honor his accomplishments (and posthumously, those of his namesake father), he was ennobled in 1719 by Queen Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden (1688–1741), as a "naturalized nobleman" (noble family of Rudbeck, nr. 1637). His student, the botanist Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778), named a genus of flowers Rudbeckia in honor of him and his father.

It passed down through five succeeding Dukes of Bolton to Harry Powlett, 6th Duke of Bolton, an admiral in the Royal Navy. The sixth Duke died without a male heir in 1794 and the dukedom became extinct, the Bolton estates devolving on his brother's natural daughter Jean Browne-Powlett. She married Thomas Orde, who in 1795 assumed the additional surname of Powlett and was a Tory politician. He served as Chief Secretary for Ireland and was ennobled in 1797 as Baron Bolton.

In 1776 the property was acquired by Rasmus Carlsen, a local farmer and merchant, and his son Christen Rasmussen-Carlsen was in 1817 ennobled under the name Lange. Christen Carlsen Lange's son, Hans Carlsen (1810–1887) took over the estate in 1833 from his mother, who had become a widow in 1818. In 1841 he was appointed Hofjægermester and shortly after married Clara Sophie Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs (1822–1852) from Frijsenborg. The couple had three daughters and a son.

In August 1873, Matsudaira Moriyuki, the 22nd son of Tokugawa Nariaki, former daimyō of Moriyama Domain and imperial governor of Matsukawa, died. Nobuyuki dissolved his adoption tie to Katamori, which allowed him to posthumously be adopted by Moriyuki, becoming the 9th chieftain of the Moriyama-Matsudaira clan. On October 12, 1876 he departed Yokohama for France, where he studied until June 1879. On July 8, 1884, he was ennobled with the title of viscount (shishaku) under the new kazoku peerage system.

After a period back in Japan to recover, he returned to Manchuria as commander of the newly formed IJA 14th Infantry Division. In September 1907, Tsuchiya was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system.『官報』第7272号「授爵敍任及辞令」September 13, 1907 In December 1908, Tsuchiya became commander of the IJA 4th Infantry Division. On 28 August 1910, he was promoted to general, and entered the reserves on the same day.

In 1892, he became Chief Cabinet Secretary in Itō Hirobumi's second administration, and in 1898, served as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce under the third Itō administration. At the same time, Itō Miyoji was also president of the pro-government newspaper, the Tokyo Nichinichi Shimbun (the predecessor to the modern Mainichi Shimbun). From 1899, Itō Miyoji served as a member of the Privy Council. In 1907, he was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system.

Weetman Pearson, Viscount Cowdray Sir Weetman Pearson, Bart. (ennobled as Viscount Cowdray in 1910) headed a successful civil engineering contractor, S. Pearson and Sons, that had contracts in Mexico from 1889. He initiated oil prospecting there in 1901 and founded the Mexican Eagle Petroleum Company in 1909, which had its first major oil strike in 1910 (near Tampico on the Gulf of Mexico coast). Before Pearson struck oil, he started to order oil tankers to carry the oil that he hoped to produce.

Conrad and Michael Fabritius were on 4 May that same year ennobled by letters patent under the name Fabritius de Tengnagel. In 1784, he was again forced to resign in connection with a scandal where a group of high-ranking employees had embezzled the company for close to DKK 500,000. The other shareholders in the company were outraged and wanted the directors to be held accountable. In the end Fabritius de Tengnagel had to pay 10,000 Danish rigsdalerin compensation to the company.

Here he had to deal with Lord Randolph Churchill as his Forth Party. He was later ennobled as Baron Saint Oswald, of Nostell in the West Riding of the County of York in 1885, when the Conservatives were returned to power. He returned to live at Nostell Priory when he inherited the house from his father in 1874, but his mother and unmarried sisters continued to live at Appleby. His son Rowland (1857–1919) was MP for Pontefract from 1868 to 1885.

In September 1907, Ueda was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system. In December 1908, he became commander of the Imperial Guards Division. In August 1911, Ueda was appointed senior military commander in Korea. He was promoted to general in February 1912 and was promoted to the honorific title of Senior Third Court Rank『官報』第8608号「叙任及辞令」March 12, 1912 He entered the reserves later the same year.

He left a daughter as his sole heiress who married into the Northcote family, bringing them several estates including Dowland and Iddesleigh. In 1852 the statesman Sir Stafford Northcote, 8th Baronet (whose first name is a reference to his Stafford ancestors and thus to the manor of Stafford) was ennobled by Queen Victoria as Earl of Iddesleigh. They remained at Pynes until the 1990s, when they sold it and moved to a new house nearby.Lauder, Rosemary, Devon Families, Tiverton, 2002, p.

Having been promoted to colonel and given command of the 63rd Infantry Regiment, Mouton-Duvernet served in Spain. Having been ennobled a baron in 1808, he was promoted to general de brigade in July 1811 and general de division in August 1813. After the siege of Dresden he became prisoner of war. Serving as governor of Valence, upon Napoleon's return in 1815 Mouton-Duvernet rallied to the emperor, serving in the Chamber of Deputies as a representative for the Haut-Loire.

Simon Vollant, with his architectural compass, probably in front of one of his projects for the in Lille. Simon Vollant (1 February 1622 – 1694) was a 17th- century French engineer, entrepreneur and architect ennobled in 1685. Vollant built the citadel of Lille and became the most renowned fortifications builder for Vauban, Louvois and Louis XIV. He directed or controlled the principal works of fortifications of the cities, inspected the various fortresses of the north of the country and advised the generals.

The character of Cocorí was Afro- Caribbean. The qualities he portrays in the book raised accusations of racism, notably from fellow Costa Rican author Quince Duncan, human rights activist Epsy Campbell Barr, and others working on behalf of Proyecto Caribe, an organization devoted to promoting Afro-Caribbean rights. They claimed that ugliness was associated with being of African descent and that the comparisons of the character Cocorí to monkeys create a damaging image. Guitiérrez's supporters countered that Cocorí ennobled Afro-Caribbeans.

The family surname was originally spelled "Mackleir". In 1783, one year after Rutger Mackleir inherited Svaneholm Castle in Skåne from his uncle Gustaf Julius Coyet (1717-1782), the name was changed to "Mackeleir" and so remained until Mackeleir and his brother were ennobled, when it became "Macklier" again. During the Anglo-Saxon pre-romantic era it was changed again, to "Macklean". Sources conflict as to whether the Mackleirs were descended from Hector Og Maclean of Scotland or were from Holland.

Then Cléonte, with the assistance of his valet Covielle and Mme Jourdain, disguises himself and presents himself to Jourdain as the son of the Sultan of Turkey. Jourdain is taken in and is very pleased to have his daughter marry foreign royalty. He is even more delighted when the "Turkish prince" informs him that, as father of the bride, he too will be officially ennobled at a special ceremony. The play ends with this ridiculous ceremony, including Sabir standing in for Turkish.

In 1901, he became surgeon- general of the Army and Chief of the Medical Corps. He held a number of other senior or honorary posts in connection with military medicine and founded the German Military Magazine in 1872 to help further knowledge and interest in the subject. In recognition for his service, Leuthold was ennobled in 1897 and received the Grand Cross of the Red Eagle Order in 1903. In 1901, he was made an honorary Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order.

Aleksander Michał Lubomirski, at whose court Compendium ferculorum was written Czerniecki was an ennobled burgher who served three generations of the magnate house of Princes Lubomirski as property manager and head chef. He began his service in ca. 1645, initially under Stanisław Lubomirski until 1649, then under the latter's eldest son, Aleksander Michał Lubomirski, and his grandson, Józef Karol Lubomirski. Although Czerniecki's book was first published in 1682, it must have been completed before Aleksander Michał Lubomirski's death in 1677.

Hedvig Eleonora Beata Klingenstierna (born 1660), was a Swedish noblewoman. She was the first woman to give a lecture at a Swedish university. Daughter of the bishop of Gothenburg, Zacharias Klingius, who was ennobled as Klingenstjerna, she was known as "a savant in skirts" for her great learning. She wrote an oration in Latin and gave a lecture at Linköping University, something unique for her gender in the age and likely the first woman to have done so in Northern Europe.

In 1794 he was appointed reader and traveling companion to Princess Louisa of Anhalt- Dessau (wife of Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau). They visited Switzerland, Tyrol, and Italy. For a time, they were joined in their travels by Danish author and salonist Friederike Brun. After Princess Louisa's death in 1811, he entered the service of the king of Württemberg, was ennobled, created counselor of legation, appointed intendant of the court theatre and chief librarian of the royal library at Stuttgart.

Sadamichi was part of a cadet branch of the Makino which was created in 1680. These Makino resided successively at Sekiyado Domain in Shimōsa Province in 1683 ; at Yoshida Domain at Mikawa Province in 1705; at Nabeoka Domain in Hyūga Province in 1712; and, from 1747 through 1868 at Kasama Domain (80,000 koku) in Hitachi Province. A corner tower of Kasama Castle in modern Kasama, Ibaraki The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Under King Louis XVIII, Ricard was awarded the knight's cross of the Order of Saint Louis and given command of the 10th Military District at Toulouse. In 1815 he was sent to the Congress of Vienna to convince the Allies that France's army was loyal to Louis XVIII. This mission was rendered moot when Napoleon overthrew the Bourbons during the Hundred Days and Ricard traveled to Ghent to join the king in exile. In 1817 Ricard was ennobled as a count.

Brechtgien "Birgitta" Durell, née von Crakow or von Cracauw (1619 in Hoorn, the Netherlands - 1683 in Sweden) was a Swedish (originally Dutch) industrialist. She was the daughter of Carel van Cracauw, the Dutch envoy to Copenhagen, a rich heiress and related to rich bankers. In 1647, she married the rich Swedish merchant Magnus Durell, who had been ennobled not long before their wedding. She followed her spouse to Sweden and settled on his recently acquired country estate, Vallen Castle near Laholm.

In December 1815, Gagić was transferred to the Russian consulate in Dubrovnik, where he remained until 1856 with the title of consul general. As a reward for long-term service, he was ennobled in 1850. Also, Nicholas I of Russia granted him an Imperial recognition (gramata) for his many merits in the Russian diplomatic service. Gagic also played an important political role because, through the Dubrovnik Consulate, subordinated to the Russian mission in Vienna, thus direct Russian- Montenegrin relations were maintained.

1870s glass painting by Wladimir Swertschkoff above her grave in the Cathedral of Turku shows Karin Månsdotter "rejecting the crown" with two of her pages. Close up of Queen Catherine's face from the window painting (above). Eric XIV married Karin morganatically in 1567, and officially in 1568, when she was ennobled and crowned queen under the name Katarina Magnusdotter (a formal version of her name). The first, secret wedding ceremony, was performed by Archbishop Laurentius Petri on 29 December 1567.

The wife of Eric's advisor Jöran Persson, Anna Andersdotter, a close friend of Karin, was accused of having spread the rumours and sentenced for slander, but was pardoned on request by Karin herself. The regency arrested many of Eric's advisors, and Karin intervened for many of them. When Eric recovered and the regency was disbanded, Karin intervened in making peace between Eric and his brother, Duke John. The 10 February 1568, Karin was ennobled and given the official seal of a queen.

Lars made a fortune, inducted to the Gothenburg city guild in 1715 and ennobled, alongside his brother Christian, for his service to the crown. Many stories and legends have been told about Ingela Gathenhielm. She's reported to of been deeply involved in the seafarings of Lars as his business companion, adviser, and the mastermind behind many of his affairs. She was also a privateer herself, which wasn't odd in 18th-century Sweden, where married women were expected to assist their husband's in business.

On 17 February 1858 Dr. Alois Dobrauz was awarded the Austrian Order of the Iron Crown by Emperor Franz Joseph I and subsequently ennobled with the hereditary title Ritter di Saldapenna. Styled "Alois Dobrauz Ritter di Saldapenna", for the rest of his life, which was spent in Paris, he however mainly used the French version "Chevalier Louis Antoine Debrauz de Saldapenna". His offspring who remained in Austria continued to use the German form Dobrauz, after 1867 usually without the predicate di Saldapenna.

He was an accomplished linguist and classical scholar. He cultivated the fine arts and possessed one of the finest libraries in France, rivalling the King's collection at Paris. Because of his illustrious Irish ancestry, he was ennobled by King Louis XVI as Count of Toulouse in 1776 and was admitted to the honours of the French Royal Court in Paris. He and his family resided in splendour at their palatial townhouse at 3, Rue Mage in the city of Toulouse.

Between 1852 and 1857 the couple had four daughters, followed by a son in 1861. Achenbach's son, Benno von Achenbach, would be an important innovator in the equestrian sport of combined driving and was ennobled for his contributions thereto by Wilhelm II. By this time, Achenbach's painting was already well-known internationally. In 1852, at 25, the Art Academy in Amsterdam had admitted him as a member. Several of his works were displayed the Exposition Universelle of 1855 and were very well received.

One of his most accomplished students was Kijūrō Shidehara who passed the examination to enter the diplomatic service in 1896, and was Foreign Minister in the 1920s and Prime Minister after World War II. Hozumi was appointed to the House of Peers in 1890, and the Privy Council in 1916. He was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) in 1915 under the kazoku peerage system. He was the father of legal scholar Hozumi Shigeto and brother to constitutional expert Hozumi Yatsuka.

Anatoly Demidov, 1st Prince of San Donato Their progenitor, Demid Antufiev, was a free blacksmith from Tula, where their family necropolis is preserved as a museum. His son Nikita Demidov (March 26, 1656November 17, 1725) made his fortune by his skill in the manufacture of weapons, and established an iron foundry for the government. Peter the Great, with whom he was a favorite, ennobled him in 1720. For two centuries, the Demidov plants produced a large portion of Russia's iron and steel.

It lent depth to Olive's interest that she married into a pre-Conquest, west of England family ennobled by Henry II in the twelfth century. In 1909 she married Dr Hardinge Clarence Fitzhardinge (1878–1958), a Macquarie Street dental surgeon.BDM data for NSW online, Fitzhardinge–MacMaster marriage 1909 , retrieved 7 April 2012. He was the son of M.A.H. Fitzhardinge, a prominent Sydney solicitor from the second generation of the well-known NSW legal family founded in the 1840s by W.G.A. Fitzhardinge.

Johan Gadolin (5 June 176015 August 1852) was a Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist. Gadolin discovered a "new earth" containing the first rare-earth compound yttrium, which was later determined to be a chemical element. He is also considered the founder of Finnish chemistry research, as the second holder of the Chair of Chemistry at the Royal Academy of Turku (or Åbo Kungliga Akademi). Gadolin was ennobled for his achievements and awarded the Order of Saint Vladimir and the Order of Saint Anna.

Suchet advanced south, capturing the port town of Dénia. The redeployment of a substantial part of his troops for the invasion of Russia ground Suchet's operations to a halt. The victorious Marshal had established a secure base in Aragon and was ennobled by Napoleon as the Duke of Albufera, after a lagoon south of Valencia. The war now fell into a temporary lull, with the superior French unable to find an advantage and coming under increasing pressure from Spanish guerrillas.

These families exude an aura of nobility, which prevents them from certain marriages or occupations. They differ from nobility only in that because of circumstances, the lack of opportunity, and/or political regime, they have not been ennobled. These people nevertheless live lavishly, enjoying the company of the great artists of the time. In France, the families of the haute bourgeoisie are also referred to as les 200 familles, a term coined in the first half of the 20th century.

François-Léopold Masson, lawyer, adviser and prosecutor of the king in Épinal, enjoyed rights and preferences of exception. In 1736, he was ennobled and built the castle. He thus became the first owner and became the first lord of Failloux. On August 13, 1761, François-Léopold Masson, lord of Failloux, accommodates Ladies of France, Adelaïde and Victoire, daughters of Louis XV, at the time of their passage to Épinal, on the road of very in-vogue terms of Plombières-les-Bains.

Pages 176-177 Katō served as superintendent of the Departments of Law, Science, and Literature of Tokyo Imperial University 1877–1886, and again as president 1890–1893, and was head of the Imperial Academy 1905–1909. He was also a special adviser to the Imperial Household Agency. Katō was appointed a member of the House of Peers in 1890, and was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system in 1900. In addition, he became a Privy Councilor.

Marie Louise Angélique Aimée Caroillon des Tillières was born in 1797, only daughter of the wealthy entrepreneur Claude Caroillon Destillières and his wife, Françoise Aimée Magallon d'Amirail. Her father was from a rich family, ennobled in 1786, who made his fortune during and after the revolution through real estate transactions. Claude Caroillon-Destillières died in May 1814 and Aimée Carvillon Destillères inherited his immense fortune. Since she was only seventeen, a minor, her family chose her maternal grandparents as guardians.

As a patriotic symbol, Moder Svea gained widespread popularity in Kunga Skald (1697), written by Swedish poet Gunno Eurelius (1661–1709) in honor of King Charles XI of Sweden. Eurelius was later ennobled with the name of Dahlstjerna. Mother Svea appeared frequently as a national symbol in 19th- century Swedish literature and culture. She appeared on various Swedish banknotes for over seventy years, such as both the 5-kronor banknote printed between 1890–1952 and the 5-kronor banknote printed between 1954–1963.

'Von Hengemuller, ex-diplomat, dead', New York Times, 27 April 1917. In 1887, Hengelmüller was appointed to serve as minister at Belgrade in the wake of the Serbo-Bulgarian War of 1885-1886 and had to exercise a restraining influence on Serbian King Milan I, whose throne depended on Austro-Hungarian support.'The new dean of the diplomatic corps at Washington', New York Times, 26 June 1910. In 1889, he was ennobled as Hengelmüller von Hengervár and appointed a Privy Counsellor (Geheimrat).

He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1978, the Crafoord Prize in 1988, the Balzan Prize in 2004, the Wolf Prize in 2008, and the Abel Prize in 2013, "for seminal contributions to algebraic geometry and for their transformative impact on number theory, representation theory, and related fields". He was elected a foreign member of the Academie des Sciences de Paris in 1978. In 2006 he was ennobled by the Belgian king as viscount.Official announcement ennoblement - Belgian Federal Public Service.

Warr specialised in commercial law, on which he became an established authority. He became a partner in the firm of Batestons, Warr & Wimshurt, and served as President of the Liverpool Law Society in 1892. He was elected as a Liverpool City Councillor in November 1894. The Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Baron Henry de Worms was ennobled in November 1895, giving him a seat and the House of Lords and creating a vacancy in his Commons seat, the East Toxteth division of Liverpool.

The family's origins date back to the 14th century in Curiel de Duero, Castile, Spain. Part of the Sephardic community in Spain, the Curiel family settled in Coimbra, Portugal after the 1492 Spanish decree that ordered the expulsion of all Jews who refused conversion to Catholicism. Abraham Curiel was an eminent physician in Lisbon and ensured that his children practiced Judaism. They were ennobled in 1641 by João IV of Portugal and hold noble titles in Portugal, Spain and the Netherlands.

In 1960, during the chaos that followed the independence of the Congo, his son, André, who was a civil servant in Bas-Congo, was looking for isolated Europeans in a helicopter. The helicopter came down in Lukala, a small town in Bas-Congo. André and the pilot were taken prisoner and then killed by Congolese soldiers. In 1962, father and son were posthumously ennobled by King Baudouin of Belgium and given the title of Graaf (count) in the Belgian nobility.

By now Knight had become an elder statesman of radical politics in Warwickshire. ln April 1831 he addressed the great Reform meeting on Warwick Racecourse, bringing with him the good wishes of Sir Francis Burdett. He was at a similar meeting in May 1832 organized by the Birmingham Political Union. Because of his family troubles (see below) he declined to have his name put forward as one of those to be ennobled in the event of the Bill's rejection in the Lords.

Neither property was large enough to accommodate an artist's studio, so de Laszlo travelled daily to a studio he rented on Campden Hill (2). In 1907 Philip painted a portrait of King Edward VII. During his British career he painted some 5,000 portraits of royalty, leading political and business figures, and members of the landed gentry (2). In 1909 King Edward VII appointed him a Member of the Royal Victorian Order, and in 1912 Emperor Franz Joseph of Austro-Hungarian Empire ennobled him.

Carl Gustav Adolf von Harnack (Born Harnack; 7 May 1851 – 10 June 1930) was a Baltic German Lutheran theologian and prominent Church historian. He produced many religious publications from 1873 to 1912 (in which he is sometimes credited as Adolf Harnack). He was ennobled (with the addition of von to his name) in 1914. Harnack traced the influence of Hellenistic philosophy on early Christian writings and called on Christians to question the authenticity of doctrines that arose in the early Christian church.

His widow, Margrethe Pedersdatter Laxmand, who inherited the estate, married Joachim von Bredow 1641. Their daughter, Marie Margrethe von Bredow, sold Aggersvold in 1691. The new owner was Niels Benzon, a major landowner and president of work for the Danish Chancellery, who had been ennobled in 1780. After his death in 1708, Aggersvold was passed on to his son Jacob Benzon. Oeder Benzon, one of his brothers, acquired it in 1820 and a third brother, Lars Benzon, was the owner from 1733.

Sir Edward Leigh Pemberton (14 May 1823 – 31 January 1910) was an English Conservative Party politician. Leigh Pemberton was the son of Edward Leigh Pemberton by Charlotte Cox, daughter of Samuel Compton Cox. He was the nephew of Lord Kingsdown.thepeerage.com Sir Edward Leigh Pemberton He was elected to the House of Commons as a Member of Parliament (MP) for East Kent at a by- election in May 1868, after the sitting Conservative MP Sir Brook Bridges had been ennobled as Baron FitzWalter.

Lord Dunkeld was a title in the Peerage of Scotland created in 1645 for Sir James Galloway of Carnby. Sir James was the only surviving son of Patrick Galloway, a prominent minister from Perth, and his first wife Martillo Guthrie. He served as Master of Requests to James VI and Charles I, and was made a Privy Councillor in 1630. He was ennobled by King Charles on the 15th of May 1645, for his faithful service during the civil war.

The Battersea North by-election, 1946 was a parliamentary by-election held on 25 July 1946 for the British House of Commons constituency of Battersea North in the Metropolitan Borough of Battersea. The seat had become vacant on the resignation from the House of Common of the constituency's Labour Member of Parliament (MP), Francis Douglas, who had been appointed as Governor of Malta and ennobled as Baron Douglas of Barloch. He had held the seat since a by- election in 1940.

Zhang Jian (; died 651), courtesy name Shiyue (師約), was a relative of the Tang Dynasty emperors who became a duke. He was a great-nephew of Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the founder of the dynasty. He did good service in aiding the Emperor to consolidate his power; and on one occasion rode alone into the camp of a revolted tribe of Turko-Scythians, and succeeded in gaining their submission. He held many important posts, and was ennobled as Duke.

He became Chairman of the Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Company some times after his father's death in 1889, and was also a director of the Consett Iron Works.About the Victoria County History He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Darlington at a by-election in February 1923. He replaced his cousin Herbert Pike Pease, who had been ennobled as Baron Daryngton (and who had been elected to succeed his father Arthur). William Pease held the seat until his death in 1926.

Kölliker was ennobled by Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria in 1897 and thus permitted to add the predicate "von" to his surname. He was made a member of the learned societies of many countries; in England, which he visited more than once, and where he became well known, the Royal Society made him a fellow in 1860, and in 1897 gave him its highest token of esteem, the Copley medal. A species of lizard, Hyalosaurus koellikeri, is named in his honor.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011).

Lucretia Gyllenhielm and her siblings were ennobled and granted the surname Gyllenhielm in 1577, though she and her sister often used only their patronymic. Larsson, Lars-Olof, Arvet efter Gustav Vasa: berättelsen om fyra kungar och ett rike, Prisma, Stockholm, 2005 Lucretia was the favorite of her father. She was betrothed to the nobleman Karl Gustafsson Stenbock. When she died unmarried in 1585 at the age of 24, her father the king became distraught and issued an investigation if she had died as the result of witchcraft.

The main character is Gustav von Aschenbach, a famous author in his early fifties who has recently been ennobled in honor of his artistic achievement (thus acquiring the aristocratic "von" in his name). He is a man dedicated to his art, disciplined and ascetic to the point of severity, who was widowed at a young age. As the story opens, he is strolling outside a cemetery and sees a coarse-looking red-haired foreigner who stares back at him belligerently. Aschenbach walks away, embarrassed but curiously stimulated.

Shimamura was initially opposed to the deployment of the Imperial Japanese Navy to the Mediterranean under the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, as he felt that this would weaken Japan's defenses against the "true threat" of the United States.Rising Sun in the Mediterranean Promoted to full admiral on August 28, 1915, Shimamura was ennobled as a danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system in 1916. Following his death in 1923, Shimamura was posthumously promoted to the rank of Marshal Admiral. His grave is at the Aoyama Cemetery in Tokyo.

All her letters, however hasty and unstudied, bore marks of a fine mind under the steady and habitual control of the highest principles. Her pen ennobled all it touches and gives interest even to trivial details. The letters throw a clear light on one important trait in her character – the strength and constancy of its attachment – showing her father, her sister, her brothers, and her friends, to have been continually present in her thoughts. Many of Jewsbury's papers are now in the library of Manchester University.

For this victory, the king Philip V of Spain ennobled him as the first Duke of Montemar. As a cavalry officer he supported the cavalry charge with the saber in hand against any enemy infantry firing their guns. He was the first viceroy of Sicily after the Spanish reconquest of the island from 1734 to 1737 and Minister of War from 1737 to 1741. In 1741 he was appointed as head of the 50,000 men strong expeditionary Spanish army in Italy during the War of Austrian Succession.

His ancestors may have included the boyar Hranete, or more certainly a Ranete sin Dimitrie Căpitanu, ennobled in Wallachia ca. 1819. His paternal grandfather had lost his boyar status and worked as a trader in Fefelei, outside Mizil; Ranetti's father, Vasile, was a lawyer in town, who briefly served as Deputy Mayor in a Conservative Party administration."George Ranetti despre debutul său literar"; "Note biografice", in Universul Literar, Nr. 21/1928, p. 335 After school in Mizil, George went to Saints Peter and Paul Lyceum in Ploiești.

In 1700 Santini started to design independently and to build, which ensured his own income, he then became a member of one craft guild and founded his own construction company. Santini married Schröder's daughter (Veronica Elisabeth) in 1707. They had four children, but all three sons died from tuberculosis at an early age; the only child left was Anna Veronika (born 1713). Santini's wife died seven years later and he remarried a South Bohemian noblewoman, Antonia Ignatia Chrapická of Mohliškovice whereby Santini was ennobled.

His uncle came to the conclusion that the undisciplined William Louis exerted a bad influence on his older brother, the Hereditary Prince Charles Frederick. When Charles Frederick took the journey home to Karlsruhe in order to take over the government, his uncle ordered William Louis to pursue a military career in the Netherlands.Borchardt-Wenzel pages 53-55 With permission of the Margrave Charles Frederick, William Louis married Wilhelmine Christine Schortmann morganatically. The children from this union were ennobled on January 27, 1777 by Charles Frederick.

"Guglielmo Marconi: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909". nobelprize.org Marconi was also an entrepreneur, businessman, and founder of The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company in the United Kingdom in 1897 (which became the Marconi Company). He succeeded in making an engineering and commercial success of radio by innovating and building on the work of previous experimenters and physicists. In 1929, Marconi was ennobled as a Marchese (marquis) by King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, and, in 1931, he set up Vatican Radio for Pope Pius XI.

Tadatsugu died in Kyoto in the winter of 1596. After Tadatsugu's death, the Sakai clan continued to prosper. In 1604, his descendants moved to Takasaki Domain (50,000 koku) in Kōzuke Province; in 1616, they relocated to Takata Domain (100,000 koku) in Echigo Province; in 1619, they were transferred to Matsushiro Domain in Shinano Province; and then, from 1622 through 1868, they were installed at Tsurugaoka Domain (120,000 koku) in Dewa Province. The head of the Sakai clan was ennobled as a "Count" in the Meiji period.

Heinrich Meibom. Heinrich Meibom (4 December 1555 – 20 September 1625), German historian and poet, was born at Barntrup in Westphalia. He held the chair of history and poetry at Helmstedt from 1583 until his death. He was a writer of Latin verses (Parodiarum horatianarum Libri III et sylvarum Libri II, 1588); and his talents in this direction were recognized by the emperor Rudolph II, who ennobled him; but his claim to be remembered rests on his services in elucidating the medieval history of Germany.

On her mother's side this was Melchior Hoek, an ennobled infantry officer in Napoleon's Grande Armée, who wrote his memoirs about his experiences of the Russian and German campaigns. Parts of this document were published during his lifetime. Justine's paternal great- grandfather Rinse Koopmans, a Professor at the Mennonite Seminary in Amsterdam, played a more substantial role in the literary scene. This near ancestor published in the literary and cultural magazine Vaderlandsche letteroefeningen (1804) about the 17th century works of Dutch men of letters.

Battle of Racławice, painting by Jan Matejko. It was at that battle that Bartosz gained fame: he was the first to reach the enemy lines and stopped one of the cannons from shooting by extinguishing its fuse with his cap. For that deed, as well as his pro- uprising rhetoric, Kościuszko promoted him to the rank of chorąży in the newly created regiment of Cracow's Grenadiers (Grenadierzy Krakowscy). He was released from serfdom, and received the right to his land, but was probably not ennobled.

Caboclos, mulattoes, blacks and even Indians were ennobled. The lesser nobility, who were untitled, were made up of members of the Imperial Orders. There were six of these: the Order of Christ, the Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz, the Order of Saint James of the Sword, the Order of the Southern Cross, the Order of Pedro I and the Order of the Rose. The first three had grades of honor beyond the Grand Master (reserved for the Emperor only): knight, commander and grand cross.

The Celsius family descended from the vicar of Ovanåker parish in Gävleborg County, Sweden, Nicolaus Magni Travillagæus, later Alptaneus (1577–1658). His son, the mathematician and astronomer Magnus Celsius, took the name Celsius which was the Latinized form of his father's vicarage and his childhood home. A branch of the family was ennobled on 9 November 1756, with the name von Celse, Olof Celsius the Elder's children. The von Celse branch of the family became extinct in 1838, with the death of Lieutenant-Colonel Olof von Celse.

They had 19 children together, of whom seven died as infants. Gregersen designed the Elisabeth Bridge between the two parts of the city of Komárom, Austria-Hungary (today between the cities of Komárom, Hungary and Komárno, Slovakia. He also designed and lead the carpenter works on the building of the Hungarian Parliament and the Museum of Fine Arts and on the former building of the National Theatre in Budapest. In 1884 Gregersen with wife and (some) children were ennobled by Francis Joseph, Apostolic King of Hungary.

Stradonice (Kladno District) is a village and municipality in Kladno District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. The prominent 19th Century German chemist August Kekulé, himself born in Darmstadt, was descended from a family originating in Stradonice. When Kekulé was ennobled in 1895 by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, he gained the right to add "von Stradonitz" to his name, referring to this ancestral origin. This title was also used by his son Stephan Kekulé von Stradonitz and his nephew Reinhard Kekulé von Stradonitz.

Nikita Antufiev, or Demidov Nikita Demidov (full name Nikita Demidovich Antufiev; 5 April 1656 – 28 November 1725) was a Russian industrialist who founded the Demidov industrial dynasty. Peter I of Russia charged the enterprising blacksmith Nikita with casting cannon for his many military expeditions and he was ennobled with name Demidov for having strongly supported the tsar's activities. In 1699 he set up Nevyansk's first iron foundry and in 1725 discovered mines at Kolivan (Kolyban), whose exploitation enriched him. A museum is devoted to him in Tula.

The Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1945 was a by-election held on 2 October 1945 for the British House of Commons constituency of Ashton-under-Lyne. The by-election was triggered by the elevation to the peerage of the town's Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) William Jowitt, who was ennobled as Baron Jowitt. The result was a victory for the Labour candidate Hervey Rhodes, who held the seat with over 50% of the votes, with a swing in the Labour Party's direction.

Items stolen from Canada, the name of the service depot where confiscated goods were sorted and stored, often wound up as bartered goods on the thriving black market in the camp, thus making the lives of internees more bearable. In this fashion, organization was ennobled as an act of social solidarity and resistance. Olga and the other women in the infirmary were responsible for the delivery of newborns in the camp. However, unless a child were stillborn, both mother and newborn were sent to the gas chambers.

Upon his return in the Netherlands, he made a series of five prints of Elsheimer's work (popularizing, for example, Flight into Egypt), and also painted several copies of Elsheimer's paintings, a number of which he had brought to Utrecht. His father had been ennobled by Henri IV in 1596 (Hendrick himself was titled Ridder, Heere van Noortnieuwlant, van de Keen ende ambachtsheer van de vijff Gorssen). On 12 December 1612, Arend purchased a large property in the Janskerkhof in Utrecht. These are today Janskerkhof 18 and 19.

He was consequently declared a rebel, betrayed and returned to Florence where he mysteriously died in prison. Pitti was then ennobled and very wealthy indeed, Niccolò Machiavelli in his History of Florence estimates no less a sum than twenty thousand ducats was presented to him. It was then that he sought to rival the glory, if not power, of the Medici and began construction of the Palazzo Pitti intended to rival the palazzo of the Medici. He also began work on a villa at Rusciano.

Born at Ceffonds, he held the post of doyen in Domrémy, a local post that collected taxes and organized the village's defense. In 1405, he married Isabelle Romée (1377–1458), a native of the nearby village of Vouthon-Bas, and together they had five children: Jacquemin, Jean, Joan, Pierre and Catherine. King Charles VII ennobled Jacques and Isabelle's family on 29 December 1429 with an inheritable symbolic denomination. The Chamber of Accounts in France registered the family's designation to nobility on 20 January 1430.

Langenbeck was a bold and skillful surgeon, but preferred not to operate while other means afforded a prospect of success. He specialised in military surgery and became an authority on the treatment of gunshot wounds. He served as general field- surgeon of the army in the First Schleswig War in 1848 and saw active service in the Second Schleswig War in 1864, being ennobled for his services. He also served in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, and the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71.

These exploits were, by the order of Catherine, commemorated by a triumphal column, crowned with naval trophies, erected at Tsarskoe Selo. Friend of the Count, Count Saint-Germain, gave him assistance while in Turkey by creating Russian Tea, or as they nicknamed it "Acqua Benedetta", which helped the Russian troops fight the climate of the land. In 1775 he retired from the public service. Orlov was never married, but had five natural children (including Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov), whom Catherine ennobled and legitimatized, as may be seen below.

It was built in 1668–1670 by merchant Joachim Pötter (1630–1676), who was ennobled in 1668 under the surname of Lillienhoff, based upon blueprints were by architect Johan Tobias Albinus (ca 1635-1679). Lillienhoff was one of the larger shipowners in Stockholm. He was also a co-stakeholder in several of companies and was also a partner in the Swedish East India Company. After the death of Lillienhoff in 1676, his widow Petronella Lohe remained in the main building until her death in 1694.

The senior branch of the Inaba are descended from Inaba Sadamichi (1551–1606), who was raised in rank by Oda Nobunaga in 1564. He was established in 1585 at Hachiman Domain (40,000 koku) in Mino Province. In 1600, he and his heirs were installed at Usuki Domain (56,000 koku) in Bungo Province, and his descendants remained in the same place until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. The head of this clan line was ennobled as a viscount (hakushaku) under the kazoku peerage in the Meiji period.

He was elected knight of the shire for Herefordshire for six terms, sitting continuously from 1571 to 1589 and again in 1597. His second wife, Mary Scudamore, daughter of Sir John Shelton of Norfolk and a member of the queen's privy chamber, was more important than he was because she had the queen's ear. Following Croft's death in 1590, his influence waned. His heir was his son by his first marriage, Sir James Scudamore whose own son was ennobled as John Scudamore, 1st Viscount Scudamore.

A rare exception was the burgesses of certain specially privileged "ennobled" royal cities who were titled "nobilis" and were allowed to buy and inherit manorial estates and exercise their privileges (such as jurisdiction over their subjects) and monopolies (over distilleries, hunting grounds, etc.). Therefore, in the szlachta-dominated Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth there was almost no landed gentry in the English meaning of the term, i.e. commoners who owned landed estates. With the Partitions these restrictions were loosened and finally any commoner could buy or inherit land.

The consolidation of Noble Power in Europe, c. 1600–1800 In France, some wealthy bourgeois, most particularly the members of the various parlements, were ennobled by the king, constituting the noblesse de robe. The old nobility of landed or knightly origin, the noblesse d'épée, increasingly resented the influence and pretensions of this parvenu nobility. In the last years of the ancien régime the old nobility pushed for restrictions of certain offices and orders of chivalry to noblemen who could demonstrate that their lineage had extended "quarterings", i.e.

Eventually Lohe started his own business with great success. He was one of the richest people in Sweden, and managed a trading company, a shipping business, a sugar refinery and ironworks. However, he became most known for his banking business as a moneylender, by which he acquired an enormous fortune and counted the king of Sweden among his clients; he was ennobled in 1703. He married Anna Lohe (1654–1731) in 1673, with whom he had eighteen children; she took over his business after his death.

33:1, 178–179 (June 1986). Sadanaga was part of a cadet branch of the Makino which was created in 1680. These Makino resided successively at Sekiyado Domain in Shimōsa Province in 1683 ; at Yoshida Domain at Mikawa Province in 1705; at Nabeoka Domain in Hyūga Province in 1712; and, from 1747 through 1868 at Kasama Domain (80,000 koku) in Hitachi Province. A corner tower of Kasama Castle in modern Kasama, Ibaraki The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Congress met on the morning of the coronation, and then divided itself into two deputations to escort the emperor and the empress to the National Cathedral. In the cathedral, the emperor and the empress were to be seated on thrones next to the newly ennobled Mexican princes and princesses. Upon reaching the cathedral, the emperor and empress were escorted to their thrones, and the imperial regalia was placed on the altar. The regalia was blessed and Iturbide was crowned by the president of the congress.

According to romantic medieval legend, the Kinsky story began in Bohemia over 1,000 years ago, when a king's beautiful daughter went out hunting in the forest and was attacked by a pack of wolves. Her attendants all fled the terrible scene except for one young man, who saved the princess by killing some wolves and driving the rest away. In gratitude, the girl's father ennobled the young man, granting him a coat of arms featuring three wolves' teeth as an emblem of his bravery.

Knox was Member of Parliament in the Irish House of Commons for Dungannon from 1755 until 1781. In 1781, he was elevated to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Welles, of Dungannon in the County of Tyrone. In 1791 Knox was ennobled as Viscount Northland, of Dungannon in the County of Tyrone. With the Act of Union and the abolition of the Irish Parliament in 1800, he became one of the 28 original Irish Representative Peers in the British House of Lords from then until his death.

The story now reverts to about a decade earlier to relate the background story of the young Grigory Litvinov and Irina Osinin. Acquaintances in Moscow, the two fall in love when barely out of childhood and promise themselves to one another. Unlike Litvinov, Irina comes from an ennobled family of long pedigree, though in recent times fallen into near penury. One day the Osinin family, in view of their nobility, are invited to a ball being thrown by the emperor on his visit to Moscow.

Bahrfeldt was promoted to Oberst in 1904, and to Generalmajor in 1908.University of Halle- Wittenberg,"Max von Bahrfeldt," Catalogus Professorum. He commanded the 37th Infantry Division from 1911 till 1913. Being promoted to Generalleutnant on June 16, 1913, Bahrfeldt was ennobled as a member of the Prussian hereditary nobility (as part of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the reign of Kaiser Wilhelm II) and was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle 2nd class with oakleaves and the Order of the Crown 2nd class.

Niels Jonsson Stromberg af Clastorp (March 25, 1646 – August 16, 1723) was a Swedish soldier and Governor-General of Swedish Estonia from 1706 to 1709. He was born with the family name Brattman which was ennobled to Strömberg in 1674, and after receiving the title of baron (friherre) in 1699, wrote himself "Stromberg". In 1703, he was appointed lieutenant general and in 1706 became a count while in Estonia. He added the "af Clastorp" after the family mansion Clastorp in Södermanland (in present-day Katrineholm Municipality).

Hodge secured a seat in the Commons at the 1895 general election as MP for the Southern or Henley Division of Oxfordshire. He was created a baronet as Sir Robert Hodge of Wyfold Court in July 1902 and later ennobled as Baron Wyfold in May 1919. After his wife died in 1929, Hodge had little use for such a large house and, in 1932, he sold it to the Government who converted it for medical use as Borocourt Hospital. It joined the National Health Service in 1948.

Little Children is a 2004 novel by the American author Tom Perrotta that interweaves the darkly comedic stories of seven main characters, all of whom live in the same suburban Boston neighborhood during the middle of a hot summer. The novel received critical praise, spurring The New York Times to declare Perrotta "an American Chekhov whose characters even at their most ridiculous seem blessed and ennobled by a luminous human aura."Blythe, Will. "All the Children Are Above Average", The New York Times, 2004-03-14.

Cf. Personalhistorisk Tidsskrift vol. 8 (1887) p. 278 In his second marriage, he married his cousin Hedvig Coldevin Corneliusdatter Paus. Hans Paus, a son of the first marriage, was married to Danish-born Andrea Jaspara Nissen (1725–1772), daughter of Captain Nicolai von Nissen and Christence Groll and a member of a prominent and partially ennobled Danish family of land-owners who were descended from most of the Danish Uradel including Banner-Høeg, Kaas, Grubbe, Ulfstand, Bille, Reventlow, Juel, Lykke, Gyldenstierne, Rosenkrantz, Walkendorff, Ulfeldt, Rantzau and Brahe.

Mehmet's mother and Mustafa's son would also reside in England. Due to their prominence in the court, Mustafa and Mehmet were depicted in the murals of Kensington Palace. In 1716 King George I ennobled Mehmet, who adopted the surname von Königstreu (true to the king). Ottoman Turkish migration continued after the Anglo-Ottoman Treaty of 1799. In the years 1820–22, the Ottoman Empire exported goods worth £650,000 to the United Kingdom. By 1836–38, that figure had reached £1,729,000 with many Ottoman merchants entering the country.

Polhem married Maria Hoffman (1671 - 1735) on 28 December 1691. Together they were the parents of eight children born between 1692 and 1705. In 1716, he was ennobled by King Charles XII of Sweden in gratitude of his services to the nation by the king and changed his surname from Polhammar to Polheim, which he later shortened to Polhem. He and his son Gabriel Polhem (1700-1772) were both elected members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1739, the same year the Academy was founded.

He was born in Potsdam, Brandenburg, the son of Prussian general Emil von Schwartzkoppen (1810–1878) and his wife, Anna Marie Luise, née von Ditfurth (1816–1865). The Schwartzkoppen family, ennobled in 1688, descended from Brunswick. Schwartzkoppen joined the Prussian Army in the late 1860s and took part in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871. He served as a member of the general staff with the rank of captain (Hauptmann) from 1885 to 1888 and thereupon became adjutant to Prince Ernest Louis of Hesse.

At Covilhã, there were rumors that the people planned to massacre all the New Christians on one day. In 1562, prelates petitioned the Cortes to require conversos to wear special badges, and to order Jewish descendants to live in ghettos (judiarias) in cities and villages as their ancestors had before the conversions. In 1641 João IV of Portugal ennobled the Curiel family, a Marrano family who served as Agents to the Crown of Spain and Portugal. They held diplomatic positions across Europe until the late 18th century.

Wein-Plus Glossar: Schlumberger, accessed on January 23, 2013 Schlumberger wines were on board of the SMS Novara on its around-the-world mission 1857-59. The company opened branch stores in Berlin and after the 1862 International Exhibition also in London, where the wine was sold under the brand name "Vöslauer Sparkling". Robert Schlumberger also served as Vöslau mayor from 1864 to 1870. In 1878, one year before his death, he was ennobled by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria as "Edler von Goldeck".

His family originated from Dijon in the fourteenth century, and he included amongst his ancestors Alain Chartier. The family were ennobled at the beginning of the fifteenth century, and his forebears married into such families as the Chateaubriands, Rochefoucaulds and Polignacs. According to tradition, one of the early Chartiers owned two estates near Dijon: Binière and Bignière. The manor at Binière was surrounded by a moat in which many lot fish swam, and so to differentiate between the two he called that one Lotbinière.

1877 portrait of Ranke The honors poured in when Ranke was ennobled in 1865, appointed a Prussian Privy Councillor in 1882 and in given an honorary citizenship of Berlin in 1885. In 1884, he was appointed the first honorary member of the American Historical Association. After his retirement in 1871, Ranke continued to write on a variety of subjects relating to German history such as the French Revolutionary Wars, Albrecht von Wallenstein, Karl August von Hardenberg,"Prince Hardenberg's Memoirs," The Edinburgh Review, Vol. CXLVI, July/October 1877.

Frölich was born the daughter of colonel Hans Christoffer Frölich and Elisabet von Plessen. The location and exact date are unknown. Her brother, Carl Gustaf Frölich, was an ennobled count; she became the aunt of Charlotta Frölich. She was married in Riga in Latvia, then a Swedish province, to Johann Henning Neumeijer, colonel in the Swedish army, whom she abandoned in 1684, when she arrived in Stockholm in Sweden in the company of the goldsmith Berendt Doerchmann and made herself known as a prophet and a preacher.

138, 140. He was advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 11 June 1942. In 1942, Professor Frederick Lindemann (later ennobled as Lord Cherwell), having been appointed the British government's leading scientific adviser (with a seat in the Cabinet) by his friend, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, presented a seminal paper to Cabinet advocating the area bombing of German cities in a strategic bombing campaign. It was accepted by Cabinet and Harris was directed to carry out the task (Area bombing directive).

Louise Caroline Geyer von Geyersberg was the daughter of Lieutenant Colonel Ludwig Heinrich Philip Geyer von Geyersberg (1729-1772) and his wife, Countess Maximiliana Hedwiger von Sponeck. The latter was the niece-in-law of Leopold Eberhard, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard. Louise Caroline descends from a family of Lower Austria surnamed Geiger; Walther Geiger, a postal administrator in Vienna, being ennobled in the Holy Roman Empire, along with some collateral relatives, in 1595. In 1625 Emperor Ferdinand II authorised them to add the noble suffix "von Geyersberg".

Antoine Philippe de Marigny was born in Mobile in 1721, among the earliest French colonists born there. His parents were François Philippe de Marigny de Mandeville, a native of Bayeux who migrated to Canada in 1709 and then to Louisiana by 1714; and Madeleine le Maire. Considered a Creole because of his birth in La Louisiane, de Marigny belonged to a family that was part of the minor provincial nobility of France. Their paternal ancestor Pierre Philippe de Marigny de Mandeville was ennobled in 1654.

However, the prepositions vom, von, zum, zur can also form part of non- noble family names. Particularly between the late 18th and early 20th century when an increasing number of unlanded commoners were ennobled, the "von" was typically simply put in front of a person's surname. When a person by the common occupational surname of "Meyer" received nobility, they would thus simply become "von Meyer". When sorting noble--as well as non-noble--names in alphabetic sequence, any prepositions or (former) title are ignored.

He sponsored Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld's explorations to the CanadianPopular Science, August 1875 and the Russian Arctic and Greenland, as well as Fridtjof Nansen's Polar journey on the Fram. Ever an Arctic enthusiast, Oscar Dickson contributed to sponsor several important Polar ventures between the years 1860 and 1900. Dickson was ennobled by King Oscar in 1880 and was raised to the status of Baron in 1885, the last person to be so in Sweden. Dickson was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1878.

The Bua (also Boua) were a medieval Albanian tribe. The name is first attested in 14th-century historical documents as one of the Albanian tribes living in the Despotate of Epirus. Later on, the Bua settled southwards in the Peloponnese, and a part of them found refuge in Italy in the Arbëreshë migrations that followed the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans. A branch of the tribe regiments was ennobled in the Holy Roman Empire after its service in the Stratioti, a Balkan mercenary unit.

On a plateau opposite of the historic center of Fontenay-le-Comte Nicolas Rapin bought a farm in 1584. Former mayor of the city, chased by Protestants in 1569, Nicolas Rapin is known for his military career, but also as a poet and a lawyer. Although having fought against the Huguenots, Rapin co-signed the Satire Ménippée, a work supporting the accession of Henri IV to power against the Catholic League. Ennobled in 1590 (the Satire Ménippée circulated from 1593), Nicolas Rapin built his castle around 1594.

The commission was established by the Marshall Aid Commemoration Act 1953 of the UK Parliament, in recognition of the Marshall Plan, which had provided economic support to Western Europe (including the UK) in the aftermath of the Second World War. The principal architect of the scheme was Sir Roger Makins (1904-1996), a Deputy Under Secretary in the Foreign Office. Soon after the bill was passed by parliament Makins was appointed British Ambassador to the United States. He was subsequently ennobled as Baron Sherfield.

Losy senior had a number of business interests and was appointed a Councillor of the Exchequer and Deputy of the Salt, Beer and Wine Council by the Bohemian Court Chamber. As a result of helping to defend Prague against the assault of Swedish troops in 1648, Losy senior was ennobled, becoming a baronet in 1648 and Count von Losinthal in 1655. He also acquired the estate and castle at Steken (Strakonitz District, southern Bohemia) in 1638. Johann Anton Losy was born at Steken around 1650.

In November 1770, an aging Challe was named knight of the order of Saint Michel and ennobled. He is filled with honors and received at the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of Lyon. In 1762 he married Madeline-Sophie Nattier, the youngest daughter of Jean-Marc Nattier with whom he had no children. In the last years of his life, he worked on a project to expand the city of Marseille which was first approved by Turgot, Minister of the Navy, before being abandoned.

She became abbess of Barking Abbey in January 1433. In this capacity, between 1437 and 1440, she took care of Edmund and Jasper Tudor, the two eldest sons of Catherine of Valois (widowed queen of King Henry V of England) by her second husband Owen Tudor. Katherine persuaded King Henry VI to take an interest in the boys, who were his half-brothers. Henry later ennobled them, thereby taking one of the important steps that would later enable Edmund's son Henry Tudor to claim the English throne.

He was ennobled on 10 April 1873, as Baron Waveney, of South Elmham in the County of Suffolk. He was Provincial Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England Masonic province of Suffolk at the time of his death. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Antrim from 1884 until his death in 1886, aged 74, when the peerage became extinct and he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his younger brother Hugh (1815–1902), who had been MP for Ipswich from 1847 to 1874.

Charcoal storage in Gimo Gimo has a long industrial heritage that is usually taken to date from 1615 when the Swedish Crown built a foundry here. After being ennobled, Louis de Geer was then given permission to purchase the Gimo works, which he had originally leased. Under de Geer's direction, the facility in Gimo was developed into an ironworks with both a blast furnace and hammer. The de Geer family owned the works until 1756 when it was acquired by the businessmen John Jennings and Robert Finlay.

Portrait of Johann Heinrich Schmelzer Johann Heinrich Schmelzer (c. 1620–1623between 29 February and 20 March 1680) was an Austrian composer and violinist of the middle Baroque era. Almost nothing is known about his early years, but he seems to have arrived in Vienna during the 1630s, and remained composer and musician at the Habsburg court for the rest of his life. He enjoyed a close relationship with Emperor Leopold I, was ennobled by him, and rose to the rank of Kapellmeister in 1679.

In 1590, Sir John was appointed Lord Chancellor of Scotland, and was ennobled as Lord Maitland of Thirlestane. This new house near Lauder was to replace the Maitland's original but now decaying (Old) Thirlestane Castle, a peel tower situated a mile or so to the south-east, the ruins of which are still extant near the hamlet of Thirlestane. James VI of Scotland visited several times. He came in February 1591 to celebrate the wedding of John Maitland's niece to the Laird of Lugton.

He bought the landed estate of Hayange from the King of France, with the rights of middle and low justices. On 17 November 1711 he bought the position of King's Counselor in the Chancellery of the Parliament of Metz. He was ennobled by Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, by letters patent dated 17 February 1727 in Lunéville in confirmation of a title of nobility which could not otherwise be proved since the titles had been "lost in the misfortune of war". He died on 25 June 1737.

In 1521, Charles V sold the city to the Duke of Termoli, Ferdinand of Capua, but Mayor Tiberio Solis was able to redeem it by paying 42,000 ducats to the Emperor by collecting contributions from private citizens. The king then granted the city of San Severo the perpetual right to self-government. According to tradition, in January 1536, Charles V also ennobled twenty-four local families, establishing the town's oligarchic regime. San Severo became the most populous city in Capitanata in the 16th century.

Johann von Geyso (1593 – 1661) was a German nobleman and General-Lieutenant, who fought during the course of the Thirty Years' War. After studying in a Dutch military academy, Geyso fought as a mercenary in the armies of Sweden, Bohemia, Denmark and the German Protestant Union. In 1628, having gained significant experience in warfare he returned to his native Hesse-Kassel which he served until the end of the Thirty Years' War, reaching the rank of commander in chief of the Langraviate's forces and becoming ennobled.

Anyone, patrician or plebeian, who could count a consul as his ancestor was a noble (nobilis); a man who was the first of his family to hold the consulship, such as Marius or Cicero, was known as a novus homo ("new man") and ennobled his descendants. Patrician ancestry, however, still conferred considerable prestige, and many religious offices remained restricted to patricians. A class division originally based on military service became more important. Membership of these classes was determined periodically by the Censors, according to property.

No hereditary title of nobility has been granted since 1902, when explorer Sven Hedin was ennobled by the King (that honor was hereditary, but he left no heirs). Since 1975 the Swedish monarch and government no longer have the right to ennoble or to confer knighthoods and orders on Swedes. Titles are still given to members of the Swedish royal house where princes and princesses are made non-hereditary dukes or duchesses of selected provinces, but these are honorary titles within that house, not titles of nobility.

The use of surnames was still quite uncommon in the 17th century among the nobility and the educated class. Furthermore, the concept of hereditary surnames was also limited to a few families. When a family was ennobled, it was usually given a name—just as lordships of England and other Western European countries. This was a period which produced a myriad of two-word Swedish-language family names for the nobility (very favored prefixes were Adler-, "eagle"; Ehren- "ära", "honor"; Silfver-, "silver"; and Gyllen-, "golden").

Baron Johann Nepomuk von Kutschera (born 1766 in Prague, died 20 April 1832 in Vienna) was an Austrian General, who served as Field Marshal Lieutenant from 1813 and as Feldzeugmeister in 1832. He previously served as principal aide- de-camp to Emperor Francis as well as the Emperor's most important adviser on military affairs for several years. Of Bohemian origin, his family was ennobled in 1805. He was raised to baronial rank in 1819 and became a privy councillor in 1823, and received numerous other honours.

In 1656, King Charles X Gustav of Sweden signed two charters creating two private banks under the directorship of Johan Palmstruch (though before having been ennobled he was called Johan Wittmacher or Hans Wittmacher), a Riga-born merchant of Dutch origin. Palmstruch modeled the banks on those of Amsterdam where he had become a burgher. The first real European banknote was issued in 1661 by the Stockholms Banco of Johan Palmstruch, a private bank under state charter (precursor to the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden).

Hermann Friedrich Alexander Dechend married Adelgunde Auguste Wilke (20 November 1823 – 1915) and was ennobled as von Dechend in 1865. His daughter Susanne (1859–1929) married the Prussian army officer Hugo von Kathen (1855–1932), while his granddaughter Adelgunde Margaret Beatrice von Dechend (1911–1983) was the wife of the Welsh character actor Hugh Emrys Griffith (1912–1980). His son Richard Von Dechend married Catherine Sinclair Sandwith, daughter of Humphrey Sandwith on the 2nd of April 1887 in Holy Trinity Church, Paddington, London, England.

Charles Frédérique d'Arensbourg (sometimes written Darensbourg) (1693–1777), born Karl Friedrich von Arensburg, was an early leader in the settlement of the German Coast region of Louisiana. He was born in 1693 in Stockholm to ethnically German parents. His father, Johan Leonard von Arensburg, was master of the Royal Mint, while his mother, Elisabet-Eleonora Formandt-Manderstrom, came from a family that had been ennobled in 1703. He served as an officer in the army of Charles XII of Sweden, and fought at the Battle of Poltava.

He was one of three sons of Antoine Merle, an ennobled merchant from Uzès, and Marguerite de Virgilli. He was married on 20 October 1576 at the sovereign castle (château souverain or Castelsoubro) of Roffiac, to Françoise d'Auzolles, daughter of Guillot d'Auzolles, seigneur of Serre and Françoise de La Rochette. They are known to have had two children, Marie and Heralh (1583-1621), Baron de Lagorce and his father's heir. In 1568, he entered the service of Jacques de Crussol as an arquebusier in his guard.

Slightly later north corner mansion №49 was drawn up by Cubitt (not to be confused with his son George, another architect, ennobled as Lord Ashcombe) for Sidney Herbert in 1851. The terraces were designed by George Basevi -- their level of praise such as listed building category is more common among noble families own 'town house' London houses rather than the speculative building leases which saw their creation. The largest corner mansion, №37 (Seaford House), was designed by Philip Hardwick. №12 was designed by Robert Smirke.

Inspired by Jean-François Millet, who he saw as the "eternal master" of the peasant genre, van Gogh saw the peasants as pious people ennobled by their hard labour and depicted them in several of what he called his 'clog works'. Nanny Schrijvers, in Vrouwenrechten geweld aangedaan, 2005, p. 30-31. In mid July 1885 he produced "six or so large canvases", including The Potato Eaters. He then decided to "only make small works for now", meaning figure studies such as Peasant Woman Digging Up Potatoes.

In 1872–78 Hermon had Wyfold Court built at Rotherfield Peppard near Henley-on-Thames in Oxfordshire. It is an elaborate Gothic Revival country house designed by the architect Somers Clarke. Hermon's only daughter was Frances Caroline Hermon (died 1929), who was married in 1877 to Robert Trotter Hodge (1851–1937), who later became MP for Accrington and other constituencies. After being made a baronet in 1902, Hodge changed his surname to Hermon-Hodge in honour of his wife's family, and was later ennobled as Baron Wyfold.

The name Pontius indicates that he belonged to the Pontii family, a well-known family of Samnite origin which produced a number of important individuals in the late Republic and early Empire. Like all but one other governor of Judaea, Pilate was of the equestrian order, a middle rank of the Roman nobility. As one of the attested Pontii, Pontius Aquila, an assassin of Julius Caesar, was a Tribune of the Plebs, the family must have originally been of Plebeian origin. They became ennobled as equestrians.

Marek's sons, Stanisław and Mikołaj, were trained in the family business and worked with their father. After his death, they continued the business, which their mother, Agnieszka, ran with them.Daniel Buncic, "The standardization of Polish orthography in the 16th century" in Orthographies in Early Modern Europe, edited by Susan Baddeley and Anja Voeste (Berlin; Boston: Walter de Gruyeter, 2012), 226. In 1554, Stanisław and Mikołaj were ennobled by the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I. After their mother's death, the brothers went their separate ways.

Vincent Maupeou, the house of Maupeou's founder, was a civil law notary at the Châtelet of Paris in the middle of the 16th century. His three sons, Pierre, Michel and Gilles were ennobled together by letters patent from king Henry III of France on 12 January 1587. In 1692, Gilles-François de Maupeou inherited the town of Ableiges, which he developed and promoted to great success. In 1692, the hereditary title of Count of Ableiges was bestowed upon him by King Louis XIV of France.

This job may have been the Life Guards position, and the episode glossed for his children as a voluntary resignation. Poltoratzky was one of the wealthiest men in Russia. He owned seven large estates, at least two houses in Moscow, and various smaller properties and investments. All this wealth had been accumulated in a mere two generations, as both his grandfathers were commoners ennobled to the rank of potomstvenniy dvorianin (hereditary untitled gentleman), Piotr Khlebnikov for service to Russian literature, and Mark Poltoratzky for his singing voice.

Willibald was a conservative nationalist who, after his retirement, held a seat in the Reichstag for the anti-Semitic Reichspartei and was described as a "fanatical admirer" of Wilhelm II, whom he visited regularly during the Dutch exile. Dirksen's mother, Viktoria, came from a wealthy banking family and was once helpful to Adolf Hitler, which benefited Dirksen's career during Nazi Germany. In his memoirs, Dirksen boasted that he was "proud of my purely Germanic blood", as the Dirksen family had been ennobled in 1887 "before a whole batch of more or less Jew-tainted families were ennobled by the liberalistic Emperor Frederick III" in 1888.Wistrich, Robert Who's Who In Nazi Germany, London:Routledge, 2013 page 43 As the Dirksens were parvenu nobility, unlike the ancient Junker families, they felt very insecure, and from the age of five onward, Herbert was forced to undergo a strict training regime to produce an "exemplary bearing" to allow him to be accepted by the Junkers.Schorske, Carl "Two German Ambassadors: Dirksen and Schulenburg" pages 477-511 from The Diplomats 1919–1939 edited by Gordon A. Craig and Felix Gilbert, Princeton,: Princeton University Press, 1953 pages 478–479.

A similar system was also independently invented by Charles Wheatstone, but Siemens became the first company to build such devices. In 1881, a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of Godalming, United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into electric trains and light bulbs. In 1887 it opened its first office in Japan.Siemens website August 1, 2012 – 125 Years Siemens in Japan (1887–2012) Retrieved on August 12, 2013 In 1890, the founder retired and left running the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm. In 1888, Werner Siemens received hereditary ennoblement as von Siemens by Frederick III, German Emperor. His brother William had been knighted – becoming Sir William – by Queen Victoria a few months before his death in 1883. The brother Carl in St. Petersburg was ennobled by Tsar Nicholas II in 1895. Werner's cousin and father-in-law, Carl Georg Siemens (1809–1885), a professor of technology at the University of Hohenheim, received personal ennoblement by the King of Württemberg. Werner's nephew Georg, co-founder of Deutsche Bank, was ennobled by Wilhelm II, German Emperor, in 1899.

After the death of his uncle Alois Miesbach in 1857, Drasche inherited a Brickyard located in the south of Vienna. During the next decades he built up Austria-Hungary's leading brick producing enterprise which today still exists under the name of Wienerberger. While Drasche had big influence onto the building industry in Austria-Hungary and was ennobled by Franz Joseph I, his workers had to bear with comparatively bad labour conditions. Because of that, Drasche was one of the main targets of the sociocritical reports of Viktor Adler.

Heinrich Wittek was born in the Austrian capital Vienna, the eldest son of Johann Marzellin Wittek (1801–1876), an officer of the Imperial and Royal Army, who shortly after Heinrich's birth was appointed an educator of the Habsburg archdukes, the sons of Archduke Franz Karl. The boy grew up at the Austrian court and especially befriended with Archduke Ludwig Viktor, younger brother of Emperor Franz Joseph I, who was almost of the same age. His father was ennobled in 1858 and elevated to the hereditary rank of Ritter in 1871.Entry on austro-hungarian-army.co.

John A. Creighton, 1854-1904 Nebraskans Count John Andrew Creighton (October 15, 1831 – February 7, 1907) was a pioneer businessman and philanthropist in Omaha, Nebraska who founded Creighton University. The younger brother of Edward Creighton, John was responsible for a variety of institutions throughout the city of Omaha, and was ennobled by Pope Leo XIII in recognition of his contributions to Creighton University, the Catholic community in Omaha, and the city of Omaha in general."Count John A. Creighton Dead: Nebraskan Who Founded Colleges Was Enobled by the Pope," New York Times. February 8, 1907.

In 1895 Kekulé was ennobled by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, giving him the right to add "von Stradonitz" to his name, referring to a possession of his patrilineal ancestors in Stradonice, Bohemia. This title was used by his son, genealogist Stephan Kekulé von Stradonitz. Of the first five Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, Kekulé's students won three: van 't Hoff in 1901, Fischer in 1902 and Baeyer in 1905. A larger-than-life size monument of Kekulé is situated in front of the former Chemical Institute at the University of Bonn.

The Duke of Terceira was the head of the Manoel de Vilhena family. Heads of the Portuguese branch of that family have been ennobled since the marriage of Constance Manoel with King Pedro I of Portugal. Her brother, Henrique Manoel, was brought into her entourage, and he was made Count of Seia, in Portugal, by his brother-in-law, the king. This family is also represented in Spain, where the family head is the Duke of Arévalo d'El Rey, Count of Via Manoel, Marquis of Puebla de la Rocamora, etc.

Fredrik Magnus Piper was a nobleman but came from a bourgeois family, his father having been ennobled only in 1776. He studied mathematics and hydraulics at Uppsala University between 1764 and 1766, after which he went on to specialise in engineering in a special school in Trollhättan and at the naval base in Karlskrona. In Karlskrona he befriended Admiral Fredrik Henrik af Chapman, who supported his artistic ambitions. After continuing his studies in Stockholm, partly under the tutelage of the architect Carl Fredrik Adelcrantz, he went on a study trip to the United Kingdom.

Dialexis de novae et prius incognitae stellae inusitatae magnitudinis et splendidissimi luminis apparitione, et de eiusdem stellae vero loco constituendo, 1574 Tadeáš Hájek was the son of Šimon Hájek (ca. 1485–1551) from an old Prague family. He was ennobled in 1554 by Ferdinand I of Germany, knighted in 1571 by Maximilian II, later made knight of the Holy Roman Empire by Rudolf II. He had three wives, three sons, and one daughter. In 1548–1549, he studied medicine and astronomy in Vienna and graduated in 1550, receiving his Masters "in artibus" in 1551.

Martin was born at Dangan in County Galway, the only son of Robert Martin FitzAnthony of Birch Hall, County Galway, and Bridget Barnwall, a daughter of Robert Barnewall, 12th Baron Trimlestown. He was raised at Dangan House, situated on the Corrib River, four miles upriver from the town of Galway. His father's family were Jacobites and one of "The Tribes of Galway," fourteen merchant families who ruled Galway from the 14th to 17th centuries. The Barnwalls were an ennobled family of Norman descent based in the counties of Dublin, Kildare and Meath in Leinster.

Ahirāma Kunwar, the son of Rāut Kunwar, was invited by the King of Kaski and was ennobled with a birta or jagir of Dhuage Saghu village. The King of Kaski asked the hand of Ahirāma's daughter, who was a great beauty, through only Kalas Puja to which Ahirāma replied to give his daughter only through a legal marriage. The king brought his troops and tried to take over the village by force. Ahirāma was supported by the village inhabitants belonging to the Parājulī Thāpā caste and a war was broke out.

On 18 March 1873 she married, as his third wife, Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, in the Villa Feodora in Bad Liebenstein. Because of her bourgeois origin, the Duke ennobled her shortly before their marriage, as Baroness von Heldburg, the title by which she was henceforth known. This morganatic marriage annoyed the German Emperor Wilhelm II so much that because of his aversion towards Helene he decided not to visit the Schloss Altenstein after the reconstruction undertaken by Georg II and completed in 1889. Tombstone of Freifrau Helene of Heldburg at Meininger Park Churchyard.

Pierrepont was returned to Parliament as one of two representatives for Appleby in 1698, a seat he held until 1705. In 1702 he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Pierrepont, of Ardglass. This creation in the Peerage of Ireland allowed him to be ennobled, yet still remain in the House of Commons. In 1714 he was further honoured when he was made Baron Pierrepont, of Hanslape in the County of Buckingham, in the Peerage of Great Britain, with this creation giving him an automatic seat in the House of Lords.

He was the son of Baron Horace Günzburg, who co-founded World ORT, a non- profit non-governmental organization whose mission is the advancement of Jewish and other people through vocational training and education, with past or present involvement in over 100 countries. His grandfather Joseph was ennobled in 1870 by the Grand Duchy of Hesse and made baron in 1874. Günzburg was born in Kamianets-Podilskyi, in the Podolia Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). He was educated at home, his teachers being Adolf Neubauer, Senior Sachs, and Hirsch Rabinovich.

Although he pledged to abide by government policies, he focused on new technologies (such as aviation and submarine warfare) which were not restricted by the treaty. Yamashita held several honorary and ceremonial posts after 1925 until being placed on the second reserve list in July 1928. He was ennobled with the title of danshaku (baron) under the kazoku peerage system on 10 November 1928,『官報』号外「授爵・叙任及辞令」November 10, 1928and lived in retirement until his death in 1931. His grave is at the Aoyama Cemetery in Tokyo.

In 1422, he was elected the Standard Bearer of Justice, Florence's highest post. In 1401, while serving as the Florentine ambassador to Bavaria, he, his brothers, and their descendants were ennobled by Rupert, King of Germany, after having saved his life by thwarting a poisoning attempt by the Duke of Milan. His son, Luca, built the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, but never finished it, it was given to him, but he sold it in 1549. Buonaccorso's descendants, the Counts Buonacorsi di Pistoia,Buoncorsi Foundation moved from Tuscany to Bavaria in the late 19th century.

He was born in Kiev, now the capital of Ukraine but at that time part of imperial Russia, to an old family of Cossacks starshyna who were ennobled in the 18th century. His great- grandfather Andrey Markevitch was a Secretary of State at the time of Alexander II of Russia, Actual Privy Councilor in St. Petersburg and co- founder of the Russian Musical Society. Igor was the son of pianist Boris Markevitch and Zoia Pokhitonova (daughter of painter Ivan Pokhitonov). The family moved to Paris in 1914 when he was two years old.

Later that year, he went to Vienna, where, besides studying composition under Simon Sechter (the later teacher of Anton Bruckner), he was successful as a concert pianist. In 1836, to improve his health, he made a prolonged tour through the chief German towns. In 1837, he settled at Breslau, where he had married Rosalie Vogel—but the following year migrated to Saint Petersburg, where previous visits made him welcome. He became court pianist and inspector of musical studies in the Imperial Institute of Female Education, and was ennobled in 1876.

His family probably originated from the French Louhans. One of his ancestors was Jacob ben Jehiel Loans, personal physician to emperor Frederick III, ennobled for his medical achievements, and also Hebrew teacher of the well-known humanist, lawyer and philosopher Johannes Reuchlin. Despite the favor shown to this ancestor, his family history also shows the precarious position of Jews during this era. In 1470, three of his father's brothers, including Rabbi Elias, were prosecuted in Endingen, brought before the emperor on charges that eight years earlier they had performed a ritual murder at Sukkot.

Several Ming dynasty Princes had accompanied Koxinga to Taiwan including the Prince of Ningjing Zhu Shugui and Prince , son of Zhu Yihai. The Qing sent the 17 Ming princes still living on Taiwan back to mainland China where they spent the rest of their lives. Zheng Keshuang was taken to Beijing, where he was ennobled by the Qing Emperor as "Duke of Hanjun" (漢軍公); together with his family and leading officers, he was also inducted into the Eight Banners. Junior members of the House of Koxinga acquired the hereditary style of Sia (舍).

This became less important in the later Republic, as some plebeian families became wealthy and entered politics, and some patrician families fell economically. Anyone, patrician or plebeian, who could count a consul as his ancestor was a noble (nobilis); a man who was the first of his family to hold the consulship, such as Marius or Cicero, was known as a novus homo ("new man") and ennobled his descendants. Patrician ancestry, however, still conferred considerable prestige, and many religious offices remained restricted to patricians. A class division originally based on military service became more important.

The River War: An Account of the Reconquest of the Soudan, Churchill However, mindful of the effect that patriotic public opinion could have on his political career, Churchill significantly moderated criticism of Kitchener in his book's second edition in 1902. The Khalifa, Abdullah al-Taashi, escaped and survived until 1899, when he was killed in the Battle of Umm Diwaykarat. Several days after the battle, Kitchener was sent to Fashoda, due to the developing Fashoda Incident. Kitchener was ennobled as a baron, Kitchener of Khartoum, for his victory.

He bequeathed a large part of his fortune to the city and the bourgeoisie of Neuchâtel, used to repair buildings and churches, fund the construction of the town hall, establish local charities, build a public library, and build schools and hospitals. The sum of the inheritance the city received was the modern equivalent of CHF 600 million. The Bronze statue of the baron in Neuchâtel, sculpted by David d'Angers, has been a source of debate in Switzerland. In 1785 de Pury was ennobled to the rank of freiherr by Frederick II of Prussia.

Syme, p. 362 A partisan of the emperor Augustus,Syme, p. 372 Nerva was rewarded with a number of important postings throughout his career. Having risen through the ranks of the cursus honorum, he was awarded the consulate in 20 BC, becoming one of the many homines novi ennobled during Augustus’s Principate.Syme, p. 330 After his consulate he was posted to Hispania Citerior in 19 BC as legatus, where he was involved in the ongoing Cantabrian Wars, helping Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa finally end the long and bloody campaign.Syme, pp.

A branch of the family descended from Heinrich Johann Merck (1770–1853) belonged to Hamburg's ruling class of Hanseatic merchants. His family founded the merchant bank H. J. Merck & Co. and several family members served as senators in Hamburg, while his son Carl Merck (1809-1880) was Syndicus (foreign affairs head) of Hamburg 1847–1880. Another son, the merchant banker Ernst Merck, who had been the Austrian consul-general in Hamburg, was ennobled by the Austrian emperor Franz Joseph I in 1860 and received the title of Baron.

When the upper classes of society (Ständegesellschaft) of Tyrol became unsatisfied with his misgovernment Sigismund was compelled to hand over the leadership to King Maximilian I. In 1490 Konrad was significantly involved in organising the transfer of power from Sigismund to Maximilian. Konrad was in attendance on the Roman-German King as his Chancellor of Tyrol. Obviously in return for his support he was ennobled by Frederick III. on January 24, 1488 which was confirmed three years later by his son Maximilian who granted the name Sturtzl von Buchen on July 4, 1491 in Nuremberg.

On 24 September 1789, in the town of Roman, she bore him a son, named Frederick. Josias married Therese after their return to Coburg, on 24 December and recognized his son. Frederick was ennobled by the Austrian Emperor on 25 August 1808 and on 17 February 1853 the Duke Ernst II of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha created him Freiherr von Rohmann, named after the place of his birth. Frederick however, as the child of a morganatic marriage, and his descendants were barred of the succession of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg- Saalfeld.

At a press conference in Vladivostok, Tachibana stated that he hoped that the Far Eastern Republic would soon establish a stable, democratic and independent government in the region, as Japan had no interest in remaining to interfere in Russian politics. Afterwards, Tachibana returned to Japan and served on the Supreme War Council. He entered the reserves in March 1923, and was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system in October of the same year. He was also promoted to the honorific title of Junior Third Court Rank.

Reid, p. 369. Having represented Leeds South since 1885, Playfair left the House of Commons in 1892 and was ennobled as Baron Playfair, of St Andrews in the County of Fife. He served as a Lord in Waiting (government whip in the House of Lords) under Gladstone and then Lord Rosebery between 1892 and 1895. He was further honoured when he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in 1895 and awarded the Harben Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of Public Health in 1897.

Baile an Róstigh translates as "Roche's townland" and this name almost certainly derives from the Roche family who were associated with King James II. Dominic Roche was ennobled by the King and given large tracts of land in Cahervally, including what is now known as Roxborough. He took the title of Viscount Cahervalla.Joyce, G., 1995, Limerick City Street Names, Limerick Corporation, p. 126. During the Cromwellian Plantation, all of the Roche lands, including Roxborough, were confiscated and given to the Hollow Sword Blade Company, which, in spite of its name, was a bank.

He was born at Mattenzell, near Falkenstein in the Bavarian Forest. In 1807 he became professor of chemistry and mineralogy at the Ludwig Maximilian University, which was located in Landshut at the time, and in 1823 conservator of the mineralogical collections at Munich, where he was appointed professor of mineralogy three years later, when the university was relocated. He retired in 1852, was ennobled by the king of Bavaria in 1854, and died at Munich on 5 March 1856. He is largely known for his mineralogical observations and for his work on waterglass (sodium silicate).

Feudal lords were equipped with extensive rights and duties. On the other hand, a fief was formally a dominium directum of the King. It would as such return to the Crown when a title became extinct (see for example Barony of Rosendal) or when a feudal lord was sentenced for disloyalty (see for example Countship of Griffenfeld). The main architect behind the new system of barons and counts, introduced in 1671, was Peder Schumacher, who himself was ennobled as Peder Schumacher Griffenfeld in 1671 and created Count of Griffenfeld in 1673.

By the summer of 1453, York seemed to have lost his power struggle. Henry embarked on a series of judicial tours, punishing York's tenants who had been involved in the debacle at Dartford. The Queen consort, Margaret of Anjou, was pregnant, and even if she should miscarry, the marriage of the newly ennobled Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, to Margaret Beaufort provided for an alternative line of succession. By July, York had lost both of his offices, Lieutenant of Ireland and Justice of the Forest south of the Trent.

George Hamilton Chichester, 3rd Marquess of Donegall (10 February 1797 – 20 October 1883), styled Viscount Chichester until 1799 and Earl of Belfast between 1799 and 1844, was an Anglo-Irish landowner, courtier and politician. He served as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household from 1830 to 1834, as well as from 1838 to 1841, and as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard between 1848 and 1852. Ennobled in his own right in 1841, he was also Lord Lieutenant of Antrim from 1841 to 1883 and was made a Knight of St Patrick in 1857.

In February 1911, Schenk was ennobled and thus he added the predicate “von” to his last name; the following May 11, he was promoted to Generalmjor. In February 1914 at the approach of World War I, he was commanding the 97th Infantry Brigade in Vienna and with the coming of war against Russia he was an army rear area commander. In late August 1914 he was appointed commander of the 15th Infantry Division. And the promotion to Feldmarschall-leutnant or Field Marshal Lieutenant arrived on November 1, 1914.

He was the first president of the Oxford Art Society, established in 1891. In 1899, he was ennobled as "Ritter von Herkomer" by King Otto of Bavaria, who appointed him Knight of the Merit Order of the Bavarian Crown. The same year, he was awarded the Pour le Mérite for Arts by Kaiser Wilhelm II. On her deathbed Queen Victoria was initially photographed in study and eventually painted by Herkomer as an alternative to the more traditional mask produced in wax which her son, the incumbent Edward VII, decried.

The Guardian's Michael Billington wrote in his review: > Elliott and Morris recreate the kaleidoscopic horror of war through bold > imagery, including the remorseless advance of a manually operated tank, and > through the line-drawings of Rae Smith projected on to a suspended screen. > Admittedly the performers are somewhat eclipsed by the action ... The joy of > the evening, however, lies in the skilled recreation of equine life and in > its unshaken belief that mankind is ennobled by its love of the > horse.Billington, Michael."War Horse", The Guardian, 18 October 2007, > accessed 2 April 2011.

Ernst Streeruwitz was born Ernst Streer Ritter von Streeruwitz on September 23, 1874, in the Bohemian city of Mies. The child was the youngest son of Georg Adolf von Streeruwitz, a member of the Imperial Council and the city's hereditary postmaster. The Streeruwitz family, originally from Friesland, had migrated to Bohemia during the Thirty Years' War and been ennobled for outstanding bravery during the Battle of Prague. Ever since, the family had been fiercely loyal to the Austrian Empire, providing officers for the army and career civil servants for the Mies municipal and regional administrations.

Franz Krüger: Benecke on horseback Franz Krüger: Benecke and family Wilhelm Christian Benecke von Gröditzberg (12 December 1779 - 4 June 1860), né Wilhelm Christian Benecke, was a German banker, merchant, estate owner and art collector. He was ennobled in 1829 as Benecke von Gröditzberg, after he had bought the fief Gröditzberg including a baroque palace and medieval Castle Gröditzberg (now: Grodziec) in Silesia. Wilhelm Christian Benecke was born in Frankfurt an der Oder, Germany. In partnership with Norwegian industrialist, Benjamin Wegner, he bought Blaafarveværket at Åmot in Modum in Buskerud, Norway during 1822.

He was born in Dresden, the illegitimate son of Herman Karl von Keyserling. In 1764 he was appointed court geographer and map-maker to Stanisław August Poniatowski, colonel of the Polish royal army. He produced a series of 1: 225,000 scale maps of the provinces of the former Republic of Poland, with five of them published in Paris, along with a hydrographic map of Poland (Carte hydrographique de Pologne) in 1809. Zarys Historii Kartografii, Sirko Mieczysław, Lublin, 1999 He was ennobled in 1768 Jarosław Gdański, Mariusz Machynia, Czesław Srzednicki, Kamil Stepan, Wojsko Koronne.

George's father Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg had traveled to St. Petersburg, eventually winning the hand of Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, Nicholas I's eldest daughter in 1839. Maximilian was subsequently bestowed with the style Imperial Highness. As the son of a Russian grand duchess and an ennobled Russian prince Romanowsky, George and his siblings were treated as princes and princesses of the blood, bearing the styles Imperial Highness. After their father's death in 1852, Grand Duchess Maria morganatically remarried to Count Grigori Stroganov two years later.

Haskins was ennobled as a life peer with the title Baron Haskins, of Skidby, in the County of the East Riding of Yorkshire, on 25 July 1998. During 2001, at the height of the foot and mouth disease epidemic, he became Prime Minister Tony Blair's 'rural tsar'. In August 2005, it was revealed that Haskins had donated £2,000 to the campaign of Scottish Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for Inverness, Nairn, Badenoch and Strathspey, Danny Alexander. Following an investigation, Haskins was expelled from the Labour party for this action.

László's patrons awarded him numerous honours and medals. In 1909 he was invested MVO by Edward VII. In 1912 he was ennobled by King Franz Joseph of Hungary; his surname then became "László de Lombos", but he soon was using the name "de László". Despite his British citizenship, his marriage and five British citizen sons, de László was interned for over twelve months in 1917 and 1918 during the First World War, accused of making contact with the enemy (he had written letters to family members in Austria).

Sedition spread till Ain-ul-Mulk Multáni arrived with a powerful army, defeated the rebels and restored order. He was succeeded by Zafar Khán, who after completing the subjection of the country was recalled, and his place supplied by Hisám-ud-dín Parmár. This officer, showing treasonable intentions, was imprisoned and succeeded by Malik Wájid-ud-dín Kuraishi, who was afterwards ennobled by the title of Táj or Sadr-ul-Mulk. Khusraw Khán Parmár was then appointed governor, but it is not clear whether he ever joined his appointment.

He was elected MP for Tewkesbury in 1690, and sat until 11 April 1692, when he was ennobled as Baron Capell of Tewkesbury, in the County of Gloucester. One year later, he became Lord Justice of Ireland and in turn a Privy Councillor of Ireland, in June 1693. In 1695 and 1696, Capell was Lord Deputy of Ireland. His term as Lord Deputy wasn't considered successful because of him being a firm Whig and presiding over an administration which was deeply divided between Whigs and Tories, and he did nothing to help this situation change.

After the Meiji Restoration, he went to Tokyo and entered into service of the new Meiji government, and was selected as a member of the 1871 Iwakura Mission, visiting the United States, Great Britain and other European countries. After his return to Japan, he was appointed governor of Kanagawa Prefecture, where he was praised for his efforts in reducing government spending. He was ennobled with the kazoku peerage title of shishaku (viscount) in 1887. In 1888, he was made a member of the Privy Council and in 1891 served as Japanese ambassador to France.

28 of its recipients were officers of general's rank; the other two were the cryptologist Hermann Pokorny (1918) and Banfield himself. On 17 August 1917 Banfield was further honoured when he received the Military Order of Maria Theresa. Individuals who received the order and were not already members of the Austrian nobility were ennobled and received the hereditary title of 'Freiherr', meaning 'Baron' to their family name. At the time of his death in 1986, Freiherr von Banfield was the last living Knight of the Military Order of Maria Theresa.

As was the custom, he was ennobled alongside his siblings for the sake of his father in 1759. From 1764, he pursued a career within civil service. He served as protocol secretary within the royal council 1773, first secretary within the civil office in 1775, Secretary of State in 1782-85, director of the custom service in 1785-91, and governor of Uppsala 1794-95. Elis Schröderheim was a personal friend of Gustav III from 1768, and his career was favored by the latter after he became monarch in 1771.

Abraham Oppenheim figured prominently in the finances of the German railway system, insurance industry, and the engineering and cotton industries. In 1868, he became the first unbaptised Jew to be ennobled in Prussia, being created a Baron and being admitted to the inner circle of Kaiser Wilhelm I. Together with Gerson Bleichröder and other bankers he advised the king on financing the Austro- Prussian War of 1866 through government bonds. The Prussian king rejected the plan of Oppenheim and Bleichröder, advocated by Bismarck, to finance the war by privatizing state-owned mines in the Saar.

This work became the famous Haffner Serenade, which was so successful that, when the younger Sigmund Haffner was to be ennobled, it was only natural that Mozart was called upon to write the music for the occasion. The request to write music actually came via Mozart's father on 20 July 1782 when Mozart had no spare time. Mozart was "up to his eyeballs with work".Steinberg 1995, p. 386 Not only was he teaching, but he also had to rearrange the score of his opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail before July 28.

Those coat of arms as below are of noble families and linked en masse to Ostoja simply because the moon or the sword in the shield. The list of imaginary Ostoja coats of arms might be longer than here presented. There are also Russian families that were ennobled and given the coat of arms that also looked like Ostoja during the partition time and that some call Ostoja. It is also possible that coats of arms were painted with error during the nobility verification process in the time of partition.

Count Raoul du Bisson (11 January 1812 – 27 February 1890) was a French aristocrat, adventurer and agent provocateur. He belonged to a Norman family ennobled by Louis XVIII and was a relative of Henri Conneau, a personal friend and physician of Napoleon III.Richard Hill, A Biographical Dictionary of the Sudan (London: Frank Cass, 1967), p. 116. In 1863, Du Bisson recruited a band of directionless Europeans in the cafés of Egypt and marched them down to Khartoum, where he pronounced it his intention to establish a colony for the production of cotton.

Along with the other Knights of the Garter he accompanied Henry VIII in 1520 to his meeting with Francis I of France at the Field of the Cloth of Gold. He was made Keeper of the Privy Seal and ennobled in the last year of his life as the first Baron Marney. In 1515 he had begun building the Tudor-style Layer Marney Tower in Layer Marney which is now visited by thousands of people annually. The uncompleted house was inherited by his son, John, Governor of Rochester Castle.

CTE steamer "Alfonso XIII" had its name changed to "Habana" following the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic. Antonio López was ennobled with the title of Marquess of Comillas in 1878. His company changed its name to "Compañía Transatlántica Española", its present name, after being registered as a joint stock company in 1881. Following the Marquess of Comillas's death in 1883, his fourth son, Don Claudio López Bru, took charge of the company. By 1894 the Compañía Transatlántica Española fleet reached 33 vessels with a total of 93.500 registered tonnes.

The Baron of Quintela D. Joaquim Pedro Quintela, 1st Baron of Quintela CvC (20 August 1748 – 1 October 1817) was an important Portuguese businessman and landowner. In March 1782, he inherited the estate of his parents and maternal uncle, thus propelling his ascent to the position of the most important capitalist in the country. To prevent the fortune from being divided by several heirs in the future, he instituted the Majorat of Quintela in 1791. He was ennobled by royal decree on 17 August 1805, when he received the title of Baron of Quintela.

However, he became most known for his banking business as a moneylender, by which he acquired an enormous fortune and counted the king of Sweden among his clients; he was ennobled in 1703. In 1704, Anna Lohe was widowed and took over the business of her late husband, including his banking business and his net of clients among the nobility and court. She was forced to defeat a contest of the will by her children, but won after four years. Considering the constant and growing great wealth of the family, she was evidently very successful.

The position of the Lords Spiritual (the Archbishops and Bishops of the Church of England with seats in the House), however, was unclear. The Lords Spiritual, though members of the House, were not considered "ennobled in blood" like the temporal peers. Though they retained the right to vote in both trials of peers and impeachment trials, it was customary for them to withdraw from the chamber immediately before the House pronounced judgment. This convention was followed only before the final vote on guilt and not on procedural questions arising during the trial.

From colleagues, they became friends later on, with Rosén treating Linnaeus when he suffered from the so-called Uppsala Fever or pleurisy in 1764, and Linnaeus returning the favor two years later. He was First Physician to the King of Sweden by 1743, retaining this title under Frederick of Sweden, Adolf Frederick of Sweden, and Gustav III of Sweden. He was made a Knight of the Polar Star and a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and ennobled in 1762, changing his name from Nils Rosén to Nils Rosén von Rosenstein.

Planet X's biome is managed by "Maintenance Mammals" which are small raccoon-like beings. The Flora colossus sapling that would come to be known as "Groot" came from an "Ennobled Sap- line" and was gifted with a tremendous grasp of quasi-dimensional super- positional engineering. Groot did not get along with fellow saplings but instead preferred the company of the "Maintenance Mammals", which the other saplings treated with prejudice. Groot was exiled by the "Arbor Masters" in Guardians of the Galaxy #14 after killing another sapling to defend a maintenance mammal it was brutalizing.