Their brains, and specifically the cerebellum, wasn't shaped like ours.
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She was born without a cerebellum and is completely disabled.
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"The best answer I can hypothesize—but currently lack data to support—is that we injected THIP into a subregion of the cerebellum, whereas alcohol that is consumed obviously affects the whole cerebellum," Rossi told me.
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By this stage, his doctors had begun to suspect a damaged cerebellum.
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The bottom of the cerebellum extended nine millimeters into the spinal canal.
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That is, they increase the probability of signals being fired across cerebellum.
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Don't scan so close to me: Neuroscientist Daniel Levitin shows Sting his cerebellum.
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The cerebellum, the part of the brain crucial for motor control, was shrinking.
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It's unusually active in the cerebellum of people who carry the Neanderthal version.
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Correction: A previous version of this article incorrectly described the function of the cerebellum.
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Varolio decided that the cerebellum must be the brain's seat of taste and hearing.
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It was absent; there was a featureless dark hole where the cerebellum would be.
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Somehow, not having a cerebellum at all is better than having a damaged one.
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You can't knock on its door and say, 'Ok, cerebellum, I'm ready to speak.
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The modern human version of PHLPP1 may have produced extra myelin in the cerebellum.
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I wanted it to be haunting, to be able to get into your cerebellum.
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The cerebellum provides motor control to the body, and helps with attention, language and coordination.
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In just 20123% of the brain's volume, the cerebellum contains half of all its cells.
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At the back of the brain, for example, a part called the cerebellum dramatically expanded.
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They ended up with eight carrying the gene in the cortex and cerebellum of their brains.
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Operating systems integrate primarily with parietal and occipital lobes of the cerebrum and with the cerebellum.
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The set of mental actions required to remain calm under pressure, for instance, runs through the cerebellum.
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CT scans following preservation showed some ice formation in the cerebellum and frontal lobes, which isn't ideal.
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The old brain includes the brain stem, medulla, pons, reticular formation, thalamus, cerebellum, amygdala, hypothalamus and hippocampus.
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MRI and ultrasound tests then found cysts throughout his cerebral cortex, brain stem, cerebellum, eye and right testicle.
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Neuroscientists noticed that patients who had suffered damage to their cerebellum often walked awkwardly or slurred their speech.
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But based on the brain case they discovered, these Homo sapiens did have a larger cerebellum than Neanderthals.
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That balance and coordination is driven by the cerebellum and it's supported nutritionally by zinc, folate, and niacin.
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Analysis of the mini-brain revealed highly differentiated and well-organized structures reminiscent of what's found in the cerebellum.
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A goat with half its cerebellum removed, for example, subsequently swayed and fell but suffered no loss of consciousness.
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They are so much a part of life that, like the action of the cerebellum, they are accepted automatically.
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Disturbingly, the miniature brain contained a brainstem-like structure, and a large amount of highly organized and differentiated cerebellum tissue.
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And if you throw in a rhythm, say the stomping of a foot or clapping, that draws in the cerebellum.
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There was evidence that very high doses of ibogaine could damage the cerebellum in rats and cause seizures in primates.
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That's when the cerebellum -- the part of the brain responsible for coordination and balance -- can become inflamed after an infection.
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This has to do with granule cells found in the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for motor control.
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"She was born without a cerebellum and is completely disabled," Nel-Peters told South African radio station Jacaranda FM in March.
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The latest lady to open her chic cerebellum to the world is Nicolette Mason, with her debut collection for Addition Elle.
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Ramón y Cajal studied Purkinje neurons with fervor, illustrating their treelike structure in great detail, like this one from the cerebellum.
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An added bonus of this stage is that the brain switches from the energy-thirsty cerebral cortex to the much thriftier cerebellum.
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The term "cerebellar hypoplasia", meaning underdevelopment of the cerebellum, led her and Ethan to Dr Schmahmann's office in Boston the following year.
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Indeed much of the visual processing that takes place in the optic lobes and cerebellum in fish occurs in the neocortex in humans.
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Your cerebellum is an inch or two beneath your palm, a dense knot of brain tissue which sits slightly apart from the rest.
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"When new doctors see her, they're amazed at how well she can move given that she doesn't really have a cerebellum," Brennan said.
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In children, for instance, the cerebellum is smaller than in adults, and in women and females it is less than in men and males.
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The Devineys have, without really knowing it, built some of the functions of Ethan's cerebellum into his life, and their lives, through other means.
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She points out more things: bilateral clefts, overlapping digits, underdeveloped cerebellum, placental cysts, no observable stomach, kidney issues, and spots on the baby's heart.
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Persistent nystagmus is worrisome because it can indicate abnormalities in other parts of the brain, primarily the cerebellum — the chief coordinator of all movement.
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The cerebellum functions to coordinate and regulate movements, and when it's injured, will result in lack of precision and accurate timing of body movements.
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Today, the cerebellum is understood to be the brain's quality-assessment centre, ensuring that actions the higher brain has decided on go according to plan.
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"The cerebellum does the same thing to emotion and cognition that it does for motor control," says Jeremy Schmahmann, a neurologist at Harvard Medical School.
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Like modern birds, advanced theropods had long, S-shaped brains with a relatively large cerebellum and optic lobe, and a small area devoted to smell.
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The thickest part was packed tightly into the cervical spine, with tentacles snaking up into the midbrain and cerebellum, which regulates balance and motor coordination.
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At the lowest part of the young woman's brain, where the spinal cord emerges, a tiny sliver of cerebellum was visible just below the skull.
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To make good the absence of a cerebellum with circuits designed to encode habits is to bridge a gap that is not meant to be bridged.
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Ethan's replacement of his entire missing cerebellum with services from other parts of his brain and family may not even be that extreme, Mr Clark suggests.
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They told us the cerebellum was underdeveloped, and there was another portion of the brain that they couldn't see, also likely due to it having been destroyed.
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The cerebellum is a brain-part that sits below the two hemispheres, and is responsible for motor control, and some cognitive functions such as attention and language.
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Just as physical movements are monitored, controlled and regulated by the cerebellum, so too, it turns out, are other sorts of thought, including speech and emotional work.
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Although she suffers from Cerebellum Hypoplasia, a neurological disorder that results in involuntary movements and shakes, Twerk is obviously an adept dancer and quite content with life!
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According to Kennedy's autopsy report, the senator suffered extensive injuries to his right cerebellum (the part responsible for motor control) and right occipital lobe (required for visual processing).
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Arya knows her sister well enough to know that the temptation of becoming a ruler is right there, clanging away in her cerebellum, trying to make itself heard.
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When you ask Ethan how it feels to do things that the cerebellum is supposed to govern, such as walking, he has trouble answering, and that is fair enough.
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But at that height, the miraculous — and eminently explainable — process by which proteins and growth factors modulate expression of our 20,000 genes into blood, bone, skin, cerebellum, is invisible.
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Doug Hughes directs Geneva Carr, Charlie Cox, Heather Lind and Morgan Spector in three linked tales of the heart and the mind and the preserved cerebellum of Albert Einstein.
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Using PET scans, researchers found changes in the areas linked to anorexia—specifically, they found less activity in the less activity in the putamen, thalamus, cerebellum, and other areas.
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The cerebellum frequently exhibits malfunction during concussion and traumatic brain injury due to its location at the back of the skull, predisposing it to something called a contrecoup injury.
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As well as supervising the smooth running of the body through endless cycles of error correction, the cerebellum helps the brain and the body learn from their mistakes and miscommunications.
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The residents raced through the layers of images, as if thumbing through a flipbook, calling out the names of the anatomical structures: cerebellum, hippocampus, insular cortex, striatum, corpus callosum, ventricles.
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As the researchers concluded in the study:Thus, the differences in neuroanatomical organization of the cerebellum may have resulted in a critical difference in cognitive and social ability between the two species.
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The electrical signals that travel from the upper brain out to, say, the arm, to tell it to type, pass through the cerebellum, which takes down a copy of the plan.
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Even though Neanderthals had larger skulls, and thus larger brain volume overall, H. sapiens had a proportionately larger cerebellum, the part of brain involved in movement, balance, vision, learning, language, and mood.
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That sound he heard was a weakened blood vessel in his brain that had burst, leaking blood toward his cerebellum, which is the part of the brain that controls movement and balance.
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A faint, hairline pulse of a migraine has begun somewhere in the cerebellum of your brain, triggered by the ugly fluorescent lighting you'd been obliged to switch on a few minutes ago.
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And it may be no coincidence that the cerebellum and putamen are crucial parts of our motor circuitry — the very regions that helped change the overall shape of the modern human brain.
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This included less activity in the putamen, thalamus, cerebellum amongst other areas, the scientists said, and more activity in the peripheral cortical areas which are also linked to social perception and behavior.
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Doctors quickly discovered that he had two tumors in his brain — one in his brain stem and one in his cerebellum and told Kohler his son had eight to 12 months to live.
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Still, it's only a guess if such whimsical touches like a penguin-shaped cell in the cerebellum, or the kinship between his buoyant synapses and the biomorphic art of surrealist Miró, were deliberate.
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The organ the ringside physician is concerned about when a fighter displays ataxia is the brain, and the specific part is a small area near the back of the skull called the cerebellum.
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In particular, studies of mice suggest it is found in both the cerebellum (a region of the brain which, among other things, helps control muscle function) and in the cerebral cortex (where abstract thinking happens).
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Though some parts of the brain (prefrontal cortex) appear to be Selfier than others (cerebellum), conscious and unconscious processes are too deeply intertwined for us to expect to find a clean neurobiological break between them.
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There's an unshakable ecstasy in songs like "Hyperballad" and "Violently Happy" that provide similar charms to usual radio fare, melodies that worm parasite like past your inner ears, wriggling alien-like somewhere near your cerebellum.
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The narrative tells of a suspicious box — part of an artist installation — and a missing immigrant, and a moral conundrum that is well beyond the arbitration of our coiled cerebellum and our snaky self-justifications.
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The fund owes at least as much to crowdsourcing, then, as it does to harnessing AI. One hedge fund that does tout its machine-dependent model, despite naming itself after the human brain, is Cerebellum Capital.
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But though Ethan's life without one has its challenges, it is in most ways pretty close to normal—because what his absent cerebellum cannot do, the rest of his brain and the rest of his family can.
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When the researchers looked at the brains of a few of the monkeys about one week into infection, they discovered that Zika had infected the neurons of a brain region called the cerebellum, which helps coordinate movements.
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" For him, nothing was off limits, "whether it be the sublime viscosities of a fish-eye, the slithery cerebellum of a bird, the spermatozoal marrow of a bone or the soft and swampy opulence of an oyster.
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Dr Schmahmann says it is likely that Ethan's cerebellum was destroyed by the equivalent of a freak accident, one that left the rest of the brain untouched (possibly a stroke of some kind, due to his knotted umbilical).
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That's because the parts of your brain that help orient your body in space are spread throughout the Jell-O; your eyes, ears, muscles and joints all contribute signals, which are processed through the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and brainstem.
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The team also found underdevelopment of the cerebellum, which plays an important role in motor control, and the brainstem which connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord and communicates messages from the brain to the rest of the body.
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Jackson Sommers, who became Doctor Strange, was born missing 35 percent of his cerebellum, which makes him move and speak a bit slower than some of his fellow students, and has been the victim of verbal and physical bullying.
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But when the external networks start taking the place of an internal one—of a missing cerebellum, or an unbalanced insulin metabolism, or a nervous system raddled by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, like Hawking's—their role is made more apparent.
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The augmented human experience has started with the smartphone, but will slowly work its way closer to our cerebellum as we progress down the chain from screens to transparent displays to lenses to ocular implants to brain-stem integration.
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Via brain-imaging scans, it also found these people had an increase of gray matter—the gushy tissue that contains our neurons—in the hippocampus, which among other things helps us store memories, and in the cerebellum, which helps with coordination.
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The cerebellum helps with voluntary processes such as posture, balance, coordination and speech," according to Health Line , which explained that "interruption of the blood flow through the basilar artery can lead to severe brain damage, organ malfunction, or even death.
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Understanding what another person wants, or what they are talking about as they explain some event over which the two of you might bond, is the kind of function the cerebellum takes care of without you having to think about it.
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Instead, the eight subjects all had the same pattern: lots of HDACs in the cerebellum, an area important for motor control, and much less in white matter (which is mostly connective tissue), the amygdala (which regulates emotions), and hippocampus (which helps with navigation).
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"Cells of the Brain" presents some of the basics, beginning with pyramidal neurons, and including the pericellular nests that surround them like pointy hats, or Eva Hesse sculpture, and proceeding to the coral-like Purkinje neurons (from the human and pigeon cerebellum).
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Compared to ischemic strokes — the more common form of strokes, which are marked by a blood clot — hemorrhagic strokes occur when a weakened blood vessel in the brain bursts, leaking blood toward the cerebellum (the part of the brain that controls movement and balance).
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And by the 1990s, by the time both were in their 80s, The New York Times spent much time hailing the work that the couple had done to research the role of the cerebellum, the lump on the bottom of the brain, in shaping the brain's evolution.
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To learn more about his condition, the medical staff performed an MRI exam and saw damage caused by cysts in his cerebral cortex (the outer mantle of brain tissue) as well as the brain stem, including the cerebellum, which sits at the back of the head above the spinal cord.
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The SpM, which is located in a different part of the brain, performs a similar function, which is to transmit information back and forth between the cortex—the part of the brain responsible for thinking and processing information—and the cerebellum—the part responsible for motor learning and control, coordination, and balance.
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Basically, we know that drinking alcohol really screws with a few important parts of your brain: the cerebellum, which controls motor coordination; the limbic system, which handles emotion and memory; and the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for our ability to think, plan, solve problems, remember, and learn, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA).
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These cannabinoids—whether formed in your brain or inhaled via a nice fat joint—fit neatly into a series of specialized receptors located throughout the human body, with their greatest concentration in the hippocampus (which regulates memory), the cerebral cortex (cognition), the cerebellum (motor coordination), the basal ganglia (movement), the hypothalamus (appetite), and the amygdala (emotions).
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"Rehearsal transfers your words and ideas from the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for higher order conscious thought, to your cerebellum, which orchestrates the lightning fast motor activation needed to perform complex actions, like speaking to crowds, teaching your fingers to play a new piece of music, or learning your lines for a play," says Wyeth, who is also the author of The Essentials of Persuasive Public Speaking.
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