A Clerk of Assize was a clerk of the Assize Courts of England and Wales, a position which existed from at least 1285 to 1971, when the Courts Act 1971 eliminated the Assize Courts. Originally the judges' private clerks tasked with enrolling pleas, the Clerks grew into the heads of administrative departments tasked with keeping each Assize running smoothly, and at one point sat as judges in their own right.
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Nonetheless the Serjeant still had an important part to play in the administration of justice. In particular, since the expansion of the assize system in the early 1600s meant that the judges of the courts of common law could not cope with the workload, the Serjeant acted as an extra judge of assize. Kerdiffe performed this task diligently enough, going on assize seven times in eight years. Assize work was onerous and time consuming, but this was compensated for by a generous extra allowance.
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From land, the Grand Assize was extended to cover such things as mills and local services as well.J. Baker ed., The Oxford History of the Laws of England (Oxford) p. 527 However, the Assize of novel disseisin, originally designed only to settle possession or seissen, gradually came to displace the Grand Assize in questions of right as well, as a swifter process;G.
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The Grand Assize (or Assize of Windsor) was a legal instrument set up in 1179 by King Henry II of England, to allow tenants to transfer disputes over land from feudal courts to the royal court.
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The Assize of Northampton, largely based on the Assize of Clarendon of 1166, is among a series of measures taken by King Henry II of England that solidified the rights of the knightly tenants and made all possession of land subject to and guaranteed by royal law. The assize is believed to have been passed at a council held in Northampton in January 1176.
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The Assize Courts met there, but the former county council sat in Kendal.
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Assize Revenue stamp of 1945 - Value 2s These were used to pay the annual fee for the inspection of weighing and measuring equipment such as shop scales. Many different stamps were issued between c.1920 and 1956, and all were revenue or postage stamps bisected in two (one half being for the receipt, the other for the audit duplicate), and overprinted ASSIZE (c.1920), ASSIZE IJK (c.1923-c.
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A short assize chess initial position A short assize chess initial position "The short assize" (French court assize = "short sitting") is H. J. R. Murray's name for a chess variant that was played in medieval Europe. It was somewhat like sittuyin but developed independently, probably to get the armies into contact sooner. It was current in England and Paris in the second half of the 12th century, and perhaps at other times and/or places. The pieces started with the pawns on the third ranks, and the queen on the same square as the e-file pawn.
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Parkinson-Bailey (2000), p. 102 Some war-damaged buildings in the city were repaired, but Manchester Assize Courts was demolished in 1957, soon after the assize court abolition. Some of the sculptures were preserved and incorporated into the new magistrates' court building.
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Assize is a word sometimes used in Scots law to mean a trial by jury.
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All of the terms warrant, warrantor, and warranty are used in Henry II of England's Assize of the Forest (a.k.a. Assize of Woodstock) in 1184:The Assize of the Forest (Woodstock) 1184 Henry II :Article 2. Item, he has commanded that no one shall have bows, arrows, dogs, or hounds in his forests, unless [such person] has the warrant of the king or of some other man who can [lawfully] be his warrantor. :Article 9.
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Assize Courts (Κακουργιοδικεία) are Criminal Courts which are composed of three judges, one of which must hold the position of a President of District Court and presides over the session. While Assize Courts have in theory jurisdiction to rule on any criminal law case, from misdemeanours through to murder, due to the fact that District Courts deal with most cases which carry a maximum sanction of five years imprisonment, it is primarily more severe cases which are filed in Assize Courts. These Courts have the ability to impose the heaviest of all sentences, life imprisonment. There are no jury in Assize Courts or in the Criminal Divisions of District Courts.
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The Assize of Arms of 1181 was a proclamation of King Henry II of England concerning the obligation of all freemen of England to possess and bear arms in the service of king and realm and to swear allegiance to the king, on pain of "vengeance, not merely on their lands or chattels, but on their limbs". The assize stipulated precisely the military equipment that each man should have according to his rank and wealth. The assize effectively revived the old Anglo‐Saxon fyrd duty. The Assize established restrictions on weapon ownership by Jews, terms of inheritance, and prohibition of exports of arms, ships and timber.
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Some have asserted that the Assize of Arms is part of the legal basis for the English Bill of Rights and the right to keep and bear arms mentioned in the United States Bill of Rights (specifically in the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution). The Assize of Arms did not describe an ancient legal or political individual right to arms, rather the Assize of Arms represented an imposed responsibility on subjects. The Supreme Court of the United States in District of Columbia v. Heller was presented by the petitioners with written evidence that the Assize of Arms merely marked the beginning of the militia system in England.
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1930) or ASSIZE YK (c.1930-1956). All of these are very scarce or rare revenue stamps.
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The names of the jurymen who were to be called on to serve at the assize had been published.
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Clerks were initially tasked only with drafting and accepting pleas, but for a period from the late 16th to mid 17th centuries they worked as full-fledged Assize judges to cut down the workload.Cockburn 1969, pp. 321–2. They eventually headed up an entire department of administrators to keep the Assize running smoothly, and manuals written for Clerks in the late 17th century attest to the complexity of their duties, which only ended when every assize plea had been written, accepted and filed.Cockburn 1969, p. 323.
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By the Assize of Clarendon of 1166 King Henry II established trial by jury by a grand assize of twelve knights in land disputes, and itinerant justices to set up county courts. Before Magna Carta was passed (enacted) in 1215, writs of assize had to be tried at Westminster or await trial at the septennial circuit of justices in eyre. The great charter provided for land disputes to be tried by annual assizes at more convenient places. This work soon expanded, becoming five commissions.
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Exceptions were occasionally made: at the 1682 Bedford Assize John Luke, the Clerk, represented Robert Chambers for an unspecified offence.
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Each shire was responsible for gathering taxes for the central government; for local defence; and for justice, through assize courts.
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The court of assize is made up of a court proper, consisting of a president, two assessors, and six jurors.
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It was common for serjeants to act as extra judges of assize, and Catlin was on assize in Cavan when he died on 5 April 1637.Hart p.166 He married Rebecca, third daughter of William Thimbleby of Dublin and his wife Alice, daughter of Richard Clark of Chelmondiston. They appear to have been childless.
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The word assize refers to the sittings or sessions (Old French assises) of the judges, known as "justices of assize", who were judges who travelled across the seven circuits of England and Wales on commissions of "oyer and terminer", setting up court and summoning juries at the various assize towns. The most serious prosecutions in Belgium see each province convene its criminal law, jury- determined court of assizes/hof van assisen/Assisenhof and in France, this applies to the most and somewhat less egregious charges; each départment has a cour d'assises, for such jury trials.
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Cockburn 1969, p. 318. Clerks were expected to pay for the expenses of the judge and the bailiff and Marshall's fees, but despite this still prospered: by the 1660s some were making more money than the Assize judges themselves. The Clerk positions eventually ceased to exist in 1971, when the Courts Act 1971 eliminated the Assize Courts.
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He acted as an assize justice from 1293, and a common pleas justice from 1297. Records show that Howard attended parliament in 1302, and was on a trailbaston circuit in 1307. He died by 24 August 1308, when his replacement as assize justice was recorded. He was buried at East Winch, where he owned the manor.
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He became King's Serjeant in February 1609 following the death of Nicholas Kerdiffe, and entered the King's Inns the same year. Due to the expansion of the assize system in the early 1600s, the common law judges were unable to cope with the added workload, and the King's Serjeant was often called on to act as an extra judge of assize. Bere carried out this function on at least nine occasions. He seems to have been extremely conscientious in performing this very onerous task. In 1613 he was on assize for 68 days, travelling across most of the southern half of Ireland.
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In 1226 Robert de Auberville and Henry de Sandwich were chosen by the king to replace justiciars in an assize in Canterbury.Cal. Patent Rolls, 1225-1232, p. 151. He sat in an assize in Rochester with justices William de Cyriton, Simon de Chelefeld and Simon de Craye in 1228, and in 1229, with Henry de Cobham, William de Dudinton and Robert de Rokeley, at Greenwich (an assize of Mort d'Ancestor) with Henry de Sandwich, and at Winchelsea with Simon de Echyngham, William de Munceiaus and William de Oym.Cal. Patent Rolls, 1225-1232, pp. 212, 283, 293, 309.
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Since 2001, Assize court rulings may be appealed on points of fact to a Court of Assizes in another county, vested by the Court, and before a larger jury. The case is then fully retried. For procedural issues, appeals to the Supreme Court are still possible since assize courts, which operate by jury trial, would not be competent to hear them.
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The words "of assize or quarter sessions" were repealed by section 56 of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to the Courts Act 1971.
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Mort dancestor was one of the so-called "petty assizes" established by Henry II in the wake of the Assize of Clarendon (1166) and the Assize of Northampton (1176).An introduction to English Legal History, J.H. Baker 4th edition Oxford University press, p 234 According to the Assize of Northampton, the lord must not prevent the heir having seisin forthwith on the ancestor's death, making this almost the final step in the development of common law heritability:"Early Actions", in Historical Foundations of the Common Law, S. F. C. Milsom "4. Item, if any freeholder had died, let his heirs remain possessed of such 'seisin' as their father had....And according to the result of the inquest let restitution be made to his heirs".Assize of Northampton, in D. Baker ed., The Early Middle Ages (London 1966) p.
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He served as a special Commissioner of Assize at Norwich in 1961 and at the Central Criminal Court in 1962, clearing a backlog of cases.
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Along with several other members of the Devonshire gentry then serving as magistrates he died of gaol fever at the Black Assize of Exeter 1586.
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Two of the overseers were chosen to "make a rate" for maintenance of the church and clergyman, and support of the poor. From the overseers the Constable selected jurors to attend the Courts of Sessions and Assize. The Court of Assize was the highest tribunal, subordinate only to the Governor and Duke. The Governor, his Council, and the Magistrates of several towns met yearly in New York.
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During the summer of 1937, Birkett was asked to represent the English Bar at the annual meeting of the Canadian Bar Association in Toronto, where he was a popular speaker.Hyde (1965) p. 463. In January 1938, he was asked to act as a Commissioner of Assize to open the Assize Court in Aylesbury, dealing with an average of ten cases a day.Hyde (1965) p. 469.
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It involves having a drink at the nearest pub to each of the 15 stops on the line. The Otley Run is a pub crawl in Leeds, West Yorkshire. In York, there is an annual charity event known as the Assize of Ale. It is based on the medieval Assize of Bread and Ale and led by the Guild of Scriveners and Sheriff and of the City.
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On 2014-10-10, his life sentence was confirmed by the Appeal Assize Court, ending any possibility of the revision of the rulings on the facts.
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He was also appointed Commissioner of Assize. He was appointed Supreme Court judge in 1970. He served on the Judicial Service Commission. He retired in 1980.
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From 2001 he is also a member of Nord-Hålogaland assize court. From 2007 to 2010 he is the chair of the Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union.
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An assize was originally a fixed sitting of a court or council. Under the Angevin monarchy its meaning developed to signify a law based upon "agreed custom".
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Some in the United States have claimed that the Assize of Arms is an ancient right to bear arms, though this claim is disputed, noting that the Assize of Arms was an obligation, not a right (i.e., a choice). The Supreme Court of the United States ruling in District of Columbia v. Heller regarding the right to bear arms referred only to the English Bill of Rights of 1689 as precedent.
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Illustration of the Assize Courts from Charles Eastlake's History of the Gothic Revival The Assize Courts was the first civic building to be constructed in Manchester after the town hall on King Street by Francis Goodwin in 1819. The Builder described it as the most important building outside Whitehall.Parkinson-Bailey (2000), p 100. Its design was the result of a competition in 1858 that attracted more than 100 entries.
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He was employed as a justice of eyre and of the assize, and became a regular assize justice in 1293. He had been knighted by 1300. In the early years of the fourteenth century, he accompanied King Edward I several times on the king's campaigns in Scotland. After 1307, Inge remained close with the new king, Edward II, and acted as a commissioner in France in 1310–11.
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In English law, the assize of novel disseisin ("recent dispossession"; ) was an action to recover lands of which the plaintiff had been disseised, or dispossessed. It was one of the so-called "petty (possessory) assizes" established by Henry II in the wake of the Assize of Clarendon of 1166;G. O Sayles, The Medieval Foundations of England (London 1966) p. 339 and like the other two was only abolished in 1833.
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Justice Vincent Thambinayagam Thamotheram (born 12 October 1915) is a leading Sri Lankan lawyer, judge and writer. He was a crown counsel, Commissioner of Assize and Supreme Court judge.
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He then joined the judicial service, becoming a Commissioner of Assize in 1970. He was appointed a Supreme Court judge in 1972, a position he held for six years.
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In Sri Lanka, assize courts were periodic courts held around the island presided over by a Commissioner of Assize to hear appeals and serious crimes of the locality. The seven commissioners were appointed by the head of state. Such appointment was considered a stepping stone towards Judge/Justice of the Supreme Court. These courts were replaced by the Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka under the Judicature Act, No. 2, of 1978.
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To this day the skyline or Uzerche, with its many towers, bears witness to this spate of building. In 1558 the city obtained its Royal Assize Court, rivalled only by that of Brive- la-Gaillarde. The power of the Abbey and the development of the Assize court were responsible for Uzerche becoming the capital of the Bas-Limousin. Despite all this, the Wars of Religion quickly put an end to the prosperity of Uzerche.
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O. Sayles, The Medieval Foundations of England (London 1967) p. 443 in the 1166 Assize of Clarendon, "four of the more lawful men of each vill" were required to present malefactors.
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In other cases appeal can be made to the "assize of the community" (mirovoy syezd), consisting of three or more justices of the community meeting monthly (cf. the English quarter sessions), which acts both as a court of appeal and of cassation. From this again appeal can be made on points of law or disputed procedure to the senate, which may send the case back for retrial by an assize of the community in another district.
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At the same time the king authorised Maud's own assize concerning the carucate of land and messuage at Blythewood. The case was heard at Stafford during Michaelmas term. Ipstones' contended that the assize could not go ahead because Maud was illegitimate, presumably implying that her parents were within the forbidden degrees of consanguinity. Maud stated that she was under age and that Ipstones had accepted a writ that called her John Swynnerton's daughter, implying that he recognised her legitimacy.
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1269)Surtees Society; Three Early Assize Rolls for the County of Northumberland 1891; pages 204-205 # John de Keith (d. c. 1270) # William de Keith (d. c. 1293) # Sir Robert Keith (d.
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The lower courts of Ivory Coast include the courts of appeals, the courts of first instance, the courts of assize, and the justice of peace courts. These were established by Presidential Decree.
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Along with several other members of the Devonshire gentry then serving as magistrates he died of gaol fever at the Black Assize of Exeter 1587. His large monument survives in Clovelly Church.
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The error is significant because Park, J. in both the Priestley assize case and the Court of Common Pleas case of Vaughan v. Menlove, 3 Bing. (N.C.) 468, 132 Eng. Rep. 490 (C.
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Justice Tellipalai Wanarajah Rajaratnam (21 December 1920 - 15 January 1994) was a leading Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer, judge and politician. He was a Commissioner of Assize, Supreme Court judge and Member of Parliament.
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The phrase is used by the presiding judge pronouncing the sentence of death after putting on a black cap and black gloves. In England, the black gloves were a deliberate contrast with the white gloves normally worn at the end of an Assize sitting, which indicated there had been no death sentence passed during the Assize. The wording of the traditional phrase has changed over time. In England, the wording in the 18th century was "and the Lord have mercy upon thy soul".
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Henry also introduced what is now known as the "grand jury", through his Grand Assize. Under the assize, a jury of free men was charged with reporting any crimes that they knew of in their hundred to a "justice in eyre", a judge who moved between hundreds on a circuit. A criminal accused by this jury was given a trial by ordeal. Under the jury, the chances of being found guilty were much lower, as the king did not choose verdict (or punishment).
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Financial Times, October 13, 1982. Delle Chiaie was acquitted by the Assize Court in Catanzaro in 1989, along with fellow accused Massimiliano Fachini."Two Acquitted of Organizing Terror Attack". Associated Press, February 21, 1989.
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Later, he entered the Ceylon Law College and was admitted as an advocate of Your Lordship's Court in 1942. Dissanayake also served as a Commissioner of Assize for a short period in 1969-70.
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He matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1578 and entered the Inner Temple c.1580 and was called to the bar in 1590. He was Clerk of Assize on the western circuit in 1590.
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167 On his return to Ireland he began his legal practice on the Connacht circuit, where sat as an extra judge of assize; he became King's Counsel in 1767 and Prime Serjeant in 1782.
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The county was established in 1898 with separate assize courts since 1838. The county town was Clonmel; other important urban centres included Carrick-on-Suir, Cashel, Cahir and Tipperary. The county's motto was Vallis Aurea Siurensis ().
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17 p.155 He was dismissed from office in 1777, but was asked to serve as an extra judge of assize in 1776.Hart p.167 He wrote at least one legal text book, "Coppinger's Abridgment".
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8, No. 1/2 (Jun. - Sep., 1921), p. 204. On 30 October 1944, following the liberation of France, Lauzanne was sentenced to 20 years' solitary confinement by the Paris Assize Court for intelligence with the enemy.
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The first known reference to Clerks of Assize was made in 1285, when a procedural rule was created stating that justices on Assize should be accompanied by a clerk tasked with enrolling pleas.Cockburn 1969, p. 316. The first few sets of Assize Clerks were the private clerks of the judges themselves, but by 1380 records show that the Western Circuit had a permanent employed Clerk, Simon of Lichfield, a barrister of the Old Temple. From then onwards the position was normally filled by barristers. Although a 1541 statute prohibited a Clerk from actively practising as a barrister while serving, the position offered a chance to make connections with the Westminster judges and of power in local politics, and records show that in 1657 the Oxford Circuit clerkship, for example, changed hands for the then-massive sum of £2,575.
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The Judges Lodging, York The Judges' Lodgings is an historic building in York, England. It was used by judges when they attended the sessions of the Assize Courts which were held four times each year in York.
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The Judges' Lodgings is a Grade I listed townhouse, at at 9 Lendal, in York, North Yorkshire. It is so named because from 1806 it provided accommodation for judges visiting York to sit in the Assize Courts.
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He served as an associate judge at the so-called Bloody Assize held at Ancaster later that year. He died in Queenston in 1825. His brother William was a member of the Legislative Council for the province.
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In 1280–1 Peter de Mauley arraigned an assize of darrein presentment against him touching the church of Bampton, Yorkshire. In 1280–1 Peter de Mauley arraigned an assize of darrein presentment against him touching the church of Beyntoz. On the Wednesday before St. Martin, 1290, he founded by charter, at Bedale, a chantry which he appropriated to Jervaulx Abbey to pray for the souls of the late Countess of Richmond, of Alan his father and Agnes his mother, Muriel his (first) wife, and Thomas, Robert, and Theobald, his sons, &c.
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Facing the disorder of self- help over the possession of land in the wake of the reign of King Stephen, Henry II in his nationwide assizes of Clarendon and Northampton had his justices "cause an inquisition to be made concerning dispossessions carried out contrary to the assize"."Assize of Northampton", in D. Baker, ed. The Early Middle Ages (London 1968) p. 150 Drawing on the sophisticated models offered by canon law, the king subsequently created the private (and purchasable) writ of novel disseisin, which enabled individuals to take disputed possession cases to the royal courts.
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In English law, the assize of mort d'ancestor ("death of ancestor") was an action brought where a plaintiff claimed the defendant had entered upon a freehold belonging to the plaintiff following the death of one of his relatives. The questions submitted to the jury were, "was A seised in his demesne as of fee on the day whereon he died?" and "Is the plaintiff his next heir?" This assize enabled the heir to obtain possession, even though some other person might have a better right to the land than the deceased.
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A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews from Paris. ;1181: The Assize of Arms of 1181 orders that all weapons held by Jews must be confiscated, claiming they have no use for them.
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He was promoted to Crown Counsel, Senior Crown Counsel, District Judge and Public Trustee (1945). He was then Commissioner of Assize for four years. He became a King's Counsel in 1949. He was Solicitor General between 1950 and 1951.
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He was acting as a judge of assize in 1689 and 1690.Ball p.394 He probably died in 1694Betham p.9 (Ball gives the date as 1697) and was buried in his wife's family vault at Dunsany Castle.
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He was called to the Irish Bar in 1790 and became King's Counsel in 1816Ball p.261. He was Third Serjeant-at-law (Ireland) from 1821–22 and acted as an extra judge of assize in 1820. Hart p.
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Grenofen is a hamlet in Devon. It is located about 2 miles south of Tavistock on the A386 at the southwestern edge of Dartmoor National Park. Grenofen was mentioned as Grenefenne in 1238 in the Assize Rolls for Devon.
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1684 as a Baron of the Exchequer. On 10 Feb. 1684-5 he was elected Recorder of Cambridge. James II selected him to accompany Jeffreys on the western assize after Monmouth's rebellion, and on his return removed him on 11 Oct.
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James Conway Davies (editor). The Welsh Assize Roll, 1277-1284. (Cardiff: University of Wales, 1940). Pages 341 His mother died while he was still a young child, and his father married a second time to Maud de Giffard about 1258.
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Nikolaus Pevsner said of the building: "Of the free- standing town halls of England with open ground floors this is the grandest". It housed a courtroom for the assizes until 1867 when Abingdon ceded that role to Reading Assize Courts.
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He published 'The Nature and Efficacy of the Fear of God,' an assize sermon preached at Warwick (London, 1761); and an octavo volume, containing 'Thirteen Sermons on various Subjects' by him, was published at Birmingham the year after his death.
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Sivasubramaniam was called to the bar on 8 March 1933. He then practised law in Jaffna. He joined the judicial service on 27 February 1941 and served as a magistrate in Matara. He was appointed Commissioner of Assize in 1962.
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Felonies are normally dealt with by the Court of Assize, but the Chamber of Indictment can take into account mitigating circumstances and "correctionalise" the felony, i.e. refer the case to the Correctional Court instead. The Correctional Court doesn't have jurisdiction with regard to offences related to traffic, which fall under the jurisdiction of the police tribunal. It doesn't have jurisdiction with regard to political crimes and press-related crimes either as those crimes fall under the jurisdiction of the Court of Assize, with the exception of press-related crimes that were inspired by racism or xenophobia.
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In all civil cases involving less than 30 rubles and in criminal cases punishable by no more than three days' arrest, his judgment was final. In other cases appeal can be made to the "assize of the peace" (mirovoy syezd), three or more justices of the peace meeting monthly (like the English quarter sessions), which acted as a court of appeal and a high court. From there, another appeal could be made on points of law or disputed procedure to the Governing Senate, which could send the case back for a retrial by an assize of the peace in another district.
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The bushel is an intermediate value between the pound and ton or tun that was introduced to England following the Norman Conquest. Norman statutes made the London bushel part of the legal measure of English wine, ale, and grains. The Assize of Bread and Ale credited to Henry III, , defined this bushel in terms of the wine gallon,. & while the Assize of Weights and Measures usually credited to Edward I or II defined the London bushel in terms of the larger corn gallon.. & & In either case, the bushel was reckoned to contain 64 pounds of 12 ounces of 20 pence of 32 grains.
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The Kings Arms The Assize of Ale is an annual event in the city where people in medieval costume take part in a pub crawl to raise money for local charities. It has its origins in the 13th century, when an Assize of Bread and Ale was used to regulate the quality of goods. The current version was resurrected in 1990/91 by the then Sheriff of York, Peter Brown, and is led by the Guild of Scriveners. In June 2015 York CAMRA listed 101 pubs on its map of the city centre, some of which are hundreds of years old.
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Since 2001, however, Assize court verdicts may be appealed on points of fact (including sentence) to another county's Assize court (chosen by the French Court of Cassation) and heard before a larger jury. The case is then fully retried. Appeals to the Court of Cassation are still possible on points of law and procedure after the first appeal (except in case of acquittal). If this appeal on law is denied, the verdict is final; otherwise, the Cour of Cassation will quash (casse) the verdict and remand the case to the appeal court for a retrial of points of fact and law.
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An illustration of Henry II of England and his eldest son Henry the Young King (inset, bottom right), from a 13th-century manuscript of Matthew Paris's Historia Anglorum. The assize of darrein presentment was one of the three "petty assizes" introduced by Henry II after 1166. In English law, the assize of darrein presentment ("last presentation") was an action brought to determine who was the last patron to appoint to a vacant church benefice - and thus who could next appoint - when the plaintiff complained that he was deforced or unlawfully deprived of the right to appoint by the defendant.S. H. Steinberg ed.
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Batesford was sent with William Haward as justice of assize into the counties of York, Northumberland, Westmoreland, Lancaster, Nottingham, and Derby in 1293. The commission of justice of assize was a temporary expedient intended to relieve the pressure of business, which began to weigh heavily upon the regular justices itinerant at the close of the reign of Henry III. The first commission was issued by Edward I in 1274, and was succeeded by others at irregular intervals until 1311, when the last of these special commissions was issued. The commission was in force for a year.
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Early concepts of policing in Britain were based on the ancient laws which relied heavily on all subjects of the crown having a responsibility to assist in maintaining law and order. The posse comitatus originated in ninth century England along with the creation of the office of sheriff. Henry II of England made an Assize of Arms of 1181 which created an obligation on all freemen of England to possess and bear arms in the service of king and realm. The assize stipulated precisely the military equipment that each man should have according to his rank and wealth.
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The Ordinance of 1233 required the appointment of watchmen. The Ordinance of 1252 provided for the enforcement of the Assize of Arms of 1181 and the appointment of constables to summon men to arms, quell breaches of the peace, and to deliver offenders to the sheriff. It expanded the 1181 Assize of Arms by adding the system of watch and ward, and pointing the way forward to subsequent legislation along similar lines by Edward I and Henry IV.W Stubbs Select Charters Illustrative of English Constitutional History (Oxford 1895) p. 370-1W Stubbs Select Charters Illustrative of English Constitutional History (Oxford 1895) p.
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The first time he was bound over to appear at the next assize at Lincoln; he was again arrested at Boston, his Arminian preaching having led to the rumour of his being a Jesuit. He was thrown into Lincoln gaol, and kept there some fifteen months, till at the spring assize of 1663 he and others were released, pursuant to a petition drawn up by him and presented to the king on 26 December. In 1666 Grantham became a "messenger," a position originally created by the older Baptists for the supervision of congregations in a district (cf. Robert Everard, Faith and Order, 1649).
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Nevertheless, while a majority of 2/3 is necessary for a conviction in Assize Courts with each judge having one vote, the President's vote counts for two in case there is disagreement on the height or quality of the sentence to be imposed.
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He was finally sentenced in 1966 by the Assize Court to the death penalty that was later converted to life. However, in 1982 he was released on parole. After four months, however, Bellen murdered a student in her flat room in Leuven.
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He published: # Vindiciæ supremi Dei Dominii … oppositæ nuper Doct. Audoeni Diatribæ de Justitia, 1655, (disputes the necessity of satisfaction, against Owen). # An Assize Sermon at Bridgnorth (James ii. 12), 1657 # Julius Secundus, Oxford, 1669, (preface, assigning this dialogue to Erasmus); 2nd edit.
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Yiewsley is not recorded in the Domesday Book. The place-name is believed to be derived from the Anglo-Saxon Wifeleslēah: "Wifel's woodland clearing". The earliest written record of Yiewsley is from 1235 where it is shown as Wiuesleg in Assize Rolls.
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Waugh, p.143 Richmond decided to pursue those responsible with a vengeance. He began by petitioning the authorities so that a special assize could be held at Chichester.Dyndor Z. The Gibbet in the Landscape: Locating the Criminal Corpse in Mid-Eighteenth-Century England.
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Wilson published in 1782 an Archæological Dictionary, or Classical Antiquities of Jews, Greeks, and Romans. It was dedicated to Samuel Johnson. Two of his assize sermons (1789 and 1804) were printed. His Lancashire Bouquet and other occasional verses were circulated in manuscript.
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On the outbreak of the Penruddock uprising on 12 March 1654–5, Rolle was at Salisbury on assize business, when he was surprised by the cavaliers under Sir Joseph Wagstaffe, who coolly proposed to hang him. At Penruddock's intercession, however, he was released.
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Moore, p.111. Sheppard was imprisoned in Newgate Prison pending his trial at the next Assize of oyer and terminer. He was prosecuted on three charges of theft at the Old Bailey, but was acquitted on the first two due to lack of evidence.
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Morey was tried at Winchester Assize in March 1737. The evidence was circumstantial. Morey, being inarticulate and taciturn by nature, pleaded not guilty and presented a poor defence. He was sentenced to death and hanged an hour after the trial at Winchester public gallows.
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It was 150 feet long and 60 feet high. In the reign of Henry VIII the friary was dispossessed and the church desecrated. It was converted into a market hall and assize hall and later fell into ruin. The last remains were removed in 1891.
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'Calendar of assize rolls: Roll AA', in H.M. Chew (ed.), London Possessory Assizes: A Calendar (London, 1965), pp. 1-45, no. 120. (British History Online). The Wards of Farringdon Within and Without took their name from this family through their long proprietary jurisdiction,J.
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08d awarded in costs and arrears against them.Canterbury Cathdral Archives: ref: CCA-DCc-ChAnt/L/ nos. 99, Exemplification; 88, Memorandum (before 1428); 28, Release (1 May 1430) (See National Archives Discovery Catalogue). 'Calendar of assize rolls: Roll EE', London Possessory Assizes, pp. 100-115, no.
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Cokayne (1926) vol. v., p. 393Burke, John, History of The Commoners of Great Britain, and Ireland, London, 1835, vol. II, p. 583n. In 1275–6 Gilbert de Stapleton arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against him and others touching a tenement in Thorntoncolling’, Yorkshire.
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435 Four other Hamiltons were accused of directly participating in the Linlithgow murder at the assize at Stirling in May 1579 including, David Hamilton, son of Hamilton of Mirington, laird of Sillerton, but they denied the charge and were imprisoned.CSP Scot., vol.5 (1907), pp.
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Copied from State v. Valentine (May 1997) 132 Wn.2d 1, 935 P.2d 1294 Following the assizes held at Oxford in 1577, later deemed the Black Assize, over 300 died from gaol fever, including Sir Robert Bell, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
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He also enjoyed using stone, he delivered a lecture on the subject at the Royal Academy of Art in 1885. He used polychromatic stonework at Manchester Assize Courts.Cunningham & Waterhouse, p. 169 His timber work is characterised by its solidity and large size of the members.
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The Melros Papers, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1837), pp. 329-30. Captain David Murray was sent with the ship to Orkney and Shetland, and to collect the assize duty of the Holland fishing fleet.Register of the Privy Council of Scotland, vol. 11 (Edinburgh, 1894), pp.
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He reoffended a few months later with another lithograph, known as The Cosmetic repair (La Caricature, June 30, 1831 ), in which the king is represented as a mason, symbolically erasing the traces of the July Revolution. He was again tried by the Assize Court.
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The root of the name is uncertain, since no early forms have been found (in 1929 to 1931 Deer is used in Moore's History of Devonshire). A suggested back-formation is from Derriton, perhaps supported by aqua de Dyraton from 1282 in the Assize Rolls.
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For the following year and a half Hengham also served as an assize judge with Walter de Heliun in the West Midlands. He left the Common Bench in 1274 after being promoted to Chief Justice of the King's Bench, a position he held until 1290.
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50 p.396 In 1331 he was commissioner of assize for Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney and Sark, and in the same year he became Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas.Ball, F. Elrington The Judges in Ireland 1221-1921 John Murray London 1926 Vol.1 p.
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Oxford: OUP, 2004. 16 Feb. 2016 Her parents Edward and Cecily produced nine other children, amongst them Edward (1588-1659), who served as a judge in the courts of chancery, king's bench, the Oxford assize circuits, and the Warwickshire quarter sessions throughout his lifetime.Prest, Wilfrid.
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Deshamanya Justice Henry Wijeyakone Thambiah (also spelt Tambiah) (1906–1997) was a Ceylonese academic, diplomat, lawyer and judge, born in Sri Lanka during British colonial rule. He was a Commissioner of Assize, High Commissioner and judge of the Supreme Courts of Ceylon and Sierra Leone.
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The entire body of written law was lost in the subsequent fall of Jerusalem. From this point, the legal system was based largely on custom and the memory of the lost legislation. The renowned jurist Philip of Novara lamented: > We know [the laws] rather poorly, for they are known by hearsay and > usage...and we think an assize is something we have seen as an assize...in > the kingdom of Jerusalem [the barons] made much better use of the laws and > acted on them more surely before the land was lost. Thus, a myth was created of an idyllic early 12th-century legal system.
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86 He found the job boring,Heward (1990) p.13 and after viewing the Assize Court at Winchester Castle decided he would like to be a barrister.Freeman (1993) p.70 On the advice of Herbert Warren, he returned to Magdalen to study Jurisprudence in October 1921.
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A Close Roll from AD 1220 records it as Cerceill. An entry in the Book of Fees for about AD 1235–36 records it as Cershull. An assize roll from 1246–47 Latinises the name as Sercellis. A feudal aid document from 1346 records it as Cerccell.
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The Manchester Assize Courts was a building housing law courts on Great Ducie Street in the Strangeways district of Manchester, England. It was tall and from 1864 to 1877 the tallest building in Manchester. Widely admired, it has been referred to as one of Britain's 'lost buildings'.
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Beresford filed a counter-claim accusing Morton of corruption and was apparently successful in his action. Morton in later years became notorious for malfeasance. Beresford was Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1314 to August 1317. He was also a justice of assize for six English counties.
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In 1912, he was arrested in connection with the Bonnot Gang. He is suspected, without evidence, of having housed gang members. He was acquitted by the Seine Assize Court on 10 August 1914. In the early 1920s, Rimbault contributed to the libertarian naturist magazine Le Néo-Naturien.
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Little is known about their assistants: almost all were legally trained, but their duties and identities remain unknown. Assistants were appointed by the Clerk, with the approval of the Assize Judges. When a barrister became a clerk he was statutorily debarred from acting as a barrister.Cockburn 1969, p. 321.
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Ball Judges in Ireland p.268 As a judge he was frequently sent on assize to Ulster, where he showed a good deal of severity to religious dissenters, especially Quakers.Ball Judges in Ireland pp.282-3 He lobbied unsuccessfully to become Chief Justice of Common Pleas in 1665.
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The surname was first recorded by Thomas Bithewater, a witness to a wedding which dates to 1219, in the Yorkshire Assize Rolls. It was first recorded in Middle English at the marriage of John Bywater and Eleonar Copgood at St Martin-in-the-Fields on 19 September 1637.
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It was the direct cause of John Keble's famous assize sermon on "National Apostasy" at Oxford the following year and this in its turn led to the Tractarian Movement.Neill, Stephen. Anglicanism Pelican (1960) p. 255. By 1834 the tensions between dissenters and churchmen had reached unprecedented levels,Chadwick, Owen.
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As a QC he was appointed as a judge to the newly formed Manchester Crown Court, and to the High Court Bench in 1960. According to Graeme Williams, he had the distinction of serving in every Assize town in England & Wales, and published an account of these in 1972.
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Ouerholm and Noranholm were recorded in 1226 and Norholm in 1227. These are thought to be variations of Overhulm and Netherhulm, although recorded earlier. The surname de Hulm is known from records of 1246, 1273, 1277, 1285,Parker, John (Editor) "Lancashire Assize Rolls" Vol. XLIX (49), Part I, pp.
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He acted as a judge of assize and was briefly Speaker of the Irish House of Lords.Ball p.221 He became the Member of Parliament (MP) for Callan in 1727. He had a town house at Cuffe Street in Dublin and a country house at Farmley in Kilkenny.
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76-7, 188-9. Some months later Morton was condemned by an assize for having taken part in Darnley's murder, and the verdict was justified by his confession that the Earl of Bothwell had revealed to him the design, although he denied participation, "art and part", in its execution.
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251 Nenagh became the North Riding's assize town.Murphy 1994 p.91 The ridings became separate administrative counties, with minor boundary adjustments, under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898,Murphy 1994 p.109 and were redenominated as counties "North Tipperary" and "South Tipperary" under the Local Government Act 2001.
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The assize is connected with the reorganisation of itinerant justices and contains instructions for six groups of justices appointed to tour the country. Bailiffs and sheriffs were made answerable for their profits, as well as given powers to hold thieves.D. Baker ed., The Early Middle Ages (London 1966) p.
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The day before the applicable sixty year limitation period for a claim of this nature expired on 6 December 1832, a Mr Davies claimed the estate on the basis that he was the heir at law of the late Mr Selby. The grand assize found for Selby Lowndes.
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Castaing was taken to Paris, where an investigation commenced that lasted 5 months. For the first three days Castaing feigned insanity but soon gave it up. He was then moved to Versailles prison. His trial commenced before the Paris Assize Court on November 10, 1823, and lasted eight days.
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Section 126(7) was repealed by section 10(2) of, and Part III of Schedule 3 to, the Criminal Law Act 1967. The definition of "clerk of assize" in section 126(1) was repealed by section 56 of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to the Courts Act 1971.
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After World War II he elaborated on this theme in his book Assize of Arms, originally intended to be the first of two volumes but Morgan only got round to publishing the first volume. He retired from the army in 1923 with the honorary rank of Brigadier-General.
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Born in Scicli, Ragusa, he was the president of the Courts of Assize in Rome for about 20 years, notably presiding over the Aldo Moro trial in 1978 and the Pope John Paul II assassination attempt trial in 1981.Giorgio Dell’Arti, Massimo Parrini. Catalogo dei viventi. Marsilio, 2009. .
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The legal system was now largely based on custom and the memory of the lost legislation. The renowned jurist Philip of Novara lamented "We know [the laws] rather poorly, for they are known by hearsay and usage...and we think an assize is something we have seen as an assize...in the kingdom of Jerusalem [the barons] made much better use of the laws and acted on them more surely before the land was lost". An idyllic view of early 12thcentury legal system was created. The barons reinterpreted the , which Almalric I intended to strengthen the crown to instead constrain the monarch. Particularly regarding to the monarch’s right to confiscate feudal fiefs without trial.
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He was Clerk of assize for the Western circuit from 1637 to 1656, J.P. for Wiltshire from about 1641 until his death and J.P. for Somerset from 1648 to 1657. His small estate was sequestrated because he had acted as clerk of assize under the Royalists during the Civil War but he managed to convincedthe sequestrators that he had acted under force majeure and was not only excused the fine but also allowed to continue in post. He was commissioner for assessment for Wiltshire from December 1649 to 1652 and was J.P. for Cornwall, Devon and Hampshire in 1651. In 1655 he was commissioner for oyer and terminer for the Western circuit.
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Following the Black Assize of Oxford 1577, over 300 died from epidemic typhus, including Speaker Robert Bell, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. The outbreak that followed, between 1577 and 1579, killed about 10% of the English population. During the Lent assize held at Taunton (1730) typhus caused the death of the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, as well as the High Sheriff of Somerset, the sergeant, and hundreds of others. During a time when there were 241 capital offences, more prisoners died from 'gaol fever' than were put to death by all the public executioners in the realm. In 1759 an English authority estimated that each year a quarter of the prisoners had died from gaol fever.
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In 1311 he was sent as a justice of assize into Hampshire, Wiltshire, Somersetshire, Cornwall, and Devon, and in the same year, having quit parliament without obtaining permission from the king, he was peremptorily recalled, and ordered not to absent himself in future without the king's licence. Between 1295 and 1318 he was regularly summoned to parliament, and from the fact that his name does not occur in the writ issued to summon the parliament of 1319, it may be inferred that he was then dead. In 1320 his executors were ordered to cause the records of the proceedings before him as justice of assize or otherwise to be transmitted to the exchequer.
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"Extraordinary Charge – Anonymous Letters (from The Bath & Cheltenham Gazette)" in The Morning Chronicle, London, 4 August 1859, Issue 28881. Forbes was bailed but did not appear on the first day of his trial on 11 August 1859."Assize Intelligence – Western Circuit: Wells" in Daily News, London, 13 August 1859, Issue 4134.
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As Somerville of that Ilk, he sat on the assize at Stirling Castle in May 1425 that condemned Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany. Thomas Somerville probably founded the Collegiate Church at Carnwath with his family burial aisle around 1425-1430, and repaired the church at Linton, Roxburghshire.Rhymer, Thomas, ed., Foedera, vol.
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See also Henry Sterre (1350), pp. 633-34. The notes on pp 397-98 contain confusions which are corrected in a note to the will of Nicholas (1361) in the second volume, cited above. These relationships are partly explained in an assize in 1367 over Faringdon property in the parish.
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482-83 (Internet Archive). As Sheriff, Russ presided at an assize of frisca forciaJ. Rastell, Les Termes de la Ley: or, Certain Difficult and Obscure Words and Terms of the Common and Statute Laws of this Realm, Now in Use, Expounded and Explained (Assignes of Iohn More, London 1636), p.
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Cameron, Jamie, James V (Tuckwell: East Linton, 1998), pp. 55-56. In April 1536, Hugh's son James married Agnes the daughter of James Hamilton of Finnart at Craignethan Castle.Cameron (1998), 206. Later, Hugh sat on the assize that condemned Hamilton of Finnart to death for treason on 16 August 1540.
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The Female Prison and county jail were later combined to become the Debtors' Prison. Both of Carr's buildings were designed in a distinctive neoclassical style; the Assize Court building was particularly praised at the time as being "a superb building of the Ionic order".Butler, p.8; Twyford, p.49.
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Eyton, Antiquities of Shropshire, VII, pp. 80-81, citing Shropshire Assize, as above; Calendar of Patent Rolls, Henry III, 1247-1258 (HMSO 1908), p. 438 (Internet Archive). In time, Gruffydd's daughter Margaret became the wife of Fulk V FitzWarin, son of Fulk IV.Sanders, 'Fitz Warin lords of Whittington', Y Bywgraffiadur Cymraeg.
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The word is thought to derive from the "sizes" or "sizings" (in turn a shortened form of "assize"), which were the specified portions of food and drink made available at a fixed price at the college. One of the sizar's duties was, historically, to fetch the "sizes" for his colleagues.
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Sriskandarajah was called to the bar in 1932. He joined the judicial service in 1938 and served in a number of positions: magistrate in Colombo, District Judge in Batticaloa (1947), District Judge in Jaffna (1954) and Commissioner of Assize (1960). He was a Supreme Court judge between 1962 and 1967.
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Parish and assize records have disappeared. The Tresham family declined soon after. The Montagu family went on through marriage to become the Dukes of Buccleuch, one of the biggest landowners in Britain. The Newton Rebellion was one of the last times that the peasantry of England and the gentry were in open conflict.
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Belgium, in common with a number of European civil law jurisdictions, retains the trial by jury through the Court of Assize for serious criminal cases and for political crimes and for press delicts (except those based on racism or xenophobia), and for crimes of international law, such as genocide and crime against humanity.
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Alfredo Stranieri's trial began in the assize court of Essonne on 18 February 2003. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on 28 February 2003, with a 22-year security sentence. The conviction was confirmed in March 2004 by the Créteil Court of Appeals. Stranieri's appeal in 2005 was rejected by the court.
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Ball points out that Martyn had only 14 years in practice; on the other hand his wealth and social standing may have made him an acceptable candidate for judicial office. He was appointed third justice of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland). He went regularly on the Connaught circuit as judge of assize.
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URL: Date accessed: 16 July 2014. This extended into October 1222 when Stephen was also involved in further litigation against William, Archdeacon of Hereford. Devereux had further litigation in August 1221 against Isabel, Aldith, and Cecily, daughters of Simon Bocha, in a plea of assize of mort d’ancestor by Gerard le Pele.
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In the Criminal Division, the District Courts may only hear cases in which the offence carries a maximum penalty of five years of imprisonment. Nevertheless, the Attorney General, as the Prosecutor of the Republic, has the discretion to file any type of criminal case either before the District Court or the Assize Court. Should the Attorney General choose to file the case at the District Court instead of the Assize Court, despite it being for an offence which normally carries a sentence higher than five years, the maximum penalty that may be imposed is automatically reduced to five years of imprisonment, due to the limited jurisdiction of the Criminal Division of the District Court as to the maximum sanction that it may impose.
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Huddleston's solution was simply to alter his record of the verdict.. On 25 November, the circuit sitting (assize) reconvened at No. 2 Court, the Royal Courts of Justice in London. Attorney General, James, appeared for the prosecution and immediately pointed out a problem. The Divisional Court of the Queen's Bench had an established authority to decide a matter of law with a panel of judges after referral from an inferior court, only by statute, after a conviction, and there had been none. James suggested that an alternative was to hear the case at the Cornwall and Devon assizes, albeit at an unusual venue, but to add further judges to the bench as all High Court judges had authority to hear assize cases.
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They may also have a prosecution role, depending on countries and on the nature of cases (criminal or civil). The position of advocate general (avocat général) already existed in the French legal system before the French Revolution, when they were found in the then higher courts (parlements, cours des aides, etc.) and proposed legal solutions to the judges in cases involving the state, the church, the general public, communities, or minors. Since the French Revolution, they are found in the Court of Cassation, the Court of Audit, the Courts of Appeal, and the Assize Courts. They have more of a prosecution role than before the French Revolution, especially in the Assize Courts, in which people accused of felonies are tried.
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Ball, p. 252. The choice of Sarsfield, who normally went on the Connaught assize to go on the Leinster assize instead, was later thought to be suspicious, but in fact there was a good reason for it: the Bushen case was to be heard in the Irish language and Sarsfield was the only senior judge who spoke fluent Irish.Wedgwood C.V., Thomas Strafford 1st Earl of Wentworth – A Revaluation, (London: Jonathan Cape, 1961) Sarsfield's actual conduct of the trial however was remarkable even in an age when judicial bullying of juries and witnesses was not uncommon.Compare the English Lord Chief Justice John Kelyng, reprimanded by the House of Commons for similar conduct in 1667- Diary of Samuel Pepys 17 October 1667.
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Booth (whose niece John's son later married) promptly began replacing Salisbury's relatives with members of the senior Neville branch in the administrative offices of the bishopric, with Sir John nominated justice of assize (becoming "the leading member of the Durham judiciary"). John also gained part of the goods sequestrated from the late bishop Robert.
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Sibthorpe was a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, receiving his M. A. from that institution in 1619. He became vicar of The Holy Sepulchre, Northampton in 1619. He received his D.D. ca. 1626. Sibthorpe first gained national prominence in 1627, when he gave an assize sermon in which he asserted the doctrine of passive obedience.
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Morton used his influence to appoint Montgomerie as a Privy Councillor. In 1579, Montgomerie subscribed the order for prosecuting the Hamiltons for their roles in the murders of Mathew Stewart and another regent, James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray. When Morton fell out of power, Montgomerie served as an assize for Morton's trial in 1581.
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Crown Court is a British television courtroom drama series produced by Granada Television for the ITV network. It ran from 1972, when the Crown Court system replaced Assize courts and Quarter sessions in the legal system of England and Wales, to 1984.Down, R., Perry, C. (1995). The British Television Drama Research Guide, 1950–1995.
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The Vagabonds Act 1383 (7 Ric. II, c. 5) was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of England passed in 1383. It empowered Justices of Assize, Justices of the Peace or county sheriffs to bind over vagabonds for good behaviour, or to commit them to the assizes if sureties could not be given.
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The words "the Crown Court" were substituted for the words "a court of assize or quarter sessions" by section 56 of, and paragraph 34(3) of Schedule 8 to, the Courts Act 1971. Section 72B(3) was inserted by section 103(1) of, and paragraph 16 of Schedule 6 to, the Criminal Justice Act 1967.
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Montauban is the seat of a bishop and a court of assize. It has tribunals of first instance and of commerce, a chamber of commerce and a board of trade arbitration, lycées and a training college, schools of commerce and viticulture, a branch of the Bank of France, and a faculty of Protestant theology.
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12th-century versions include Crouelton, followed by Craulton and Crewelton in a pipe roll of 1198, and Croulton in an Assize Roll of 1202. It is derived from Old English. Crawil or krawil may mean "fork". Two streams flow either side of the village, converging just southwest of it and then joining Ockley Brook.
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In 1574 one of his officers, Henry Percivall, and his attendants were brought before a grand jury for arresting men as far afield as Chelmsford and demanding money for their release.F.G. Emminson, Elizabethan Life: Disorder. Mainly from Essex Sessions and Assize Records (Essex County Council, Chelmsford 1970). He married Dorothy Pakenham, and his daughter Dorothy was his heir.
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Asperele and Aspel are recorded in Letter Patents, Assize Rolls and such documents of the 13th century, with the names Aspelegise appearing in the following century. The name derives from "Aspenlea" meaning the aspen clearing – and from the late medieval period, "of the de Guise family" when Anselm de Gyse became Lord of the Manor in 1375.
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After the great fire of 1212, he and other city officials issued a code governing new building that expressly emphasised fire prevention and safety. FitzAilwin promulgated the law known as the Assize of Building forms the basis of the modern law of trespass. The Lex de Assisa authorised ten men, who became known as alder men.
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At one point, the Daily Herald reported he was to be made Viceroy of India.Hyde (1965) p. 483. For several weeks in 1943, he sat in the Court of Appeal before departing on an Assize visit. He fell ill after a few weeks with a combination of heart disease and pneumonia, and he returned home to recover.
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Despite the best efforts of his defense team, Dedroog was sentenced to a further 25 years imprisonment by the French assize court. Since 2015, after a complete investigation, the Spanish police have officially suspected Dedroog as the killer of López, and the lawyer has requested, on behalf of the victim's family, an extradition so he could face trial.
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Taken to Kandy, they were tried at Kandy Assize by an English-speaking jury before Justice Thompson, with Richard Morgan prosecuting as crown advocate. The jury found them guilty: Both were sentenced to death. They were taken to the gallows on 7 May 1864, with many coming to see the famed Saradiel. Before his execution he addressed the crowd.
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The role of messenger seems to have lapsed around 1740.Hart p.62 In the eighteenth century the Serjeants often acted as extra judges of assize. Although the practice had its critics, it survived intermittently into the nineteenth century: Walter Berwick was Chairman of the East Cork Quarter Sessions from 1856 to 1859, while also serving as Serjeant.
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Searching for Bruno Schulz by Ruth Franklin (The New Yorker, December 16, 2002) In 1959, Landau was arrested and accused of the massacres. He was condemned to life imprisonment in 1962 at the Stuttgart Assize Court. In 1973 he was pardoned.Bert Hoppe, Hildrun Glass (Bearbeiter): Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der europäischen Juden durch das nationalsozialistische Deutschland 1933 - 1945.
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Murray records these two starting positions, and writes as if the players could choose the starting positions of their kings and bishops and knights and rooks. It is not known if the game had an initial setting-up stage like in sittuyin. The ordinary European chess of the time was sometimes called the long assize to distinguish.
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The 1846 Parliamentary Gazetteer of Ireland uses the label "city" in a variety of ways. For Cork,1846 Parl Gaz Irl Vol.1 p.519 "Cork" "A sea-port, a parliamentary borough, a city, the assize-town of the county of Cork, the capital of Munster, and the second town of Ireland" Dublin,1846 Parl Gaz Irl Vol.
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Ivory Coast has three courts of appeals in Abidjan, Bouaké, and Daloa. These courts have appellate jurisdiction over the courts of first instance and the courts of assize. The chamber of appeals consists of a president and two appeal judges. An investigating chamber, composed of a president and two appeal judges, holds hearings in each appeals court.
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In 1615 he went on assize twice, for a total of 92 days. He served as Commissioner of the Irish Court of Wards in 1610, 1613 and 1615. He sat on a commission to inquire into the King's title to lands in County Wexford in 1611, and on a similar commission for County Longford and County Leitrim in 1615.
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"aumbry", The Catholic Encyclopedia ed. Charles George Herbermann, Edward A. Pace, et al., New York: Encyclopedia Press, 1913, , Volume 2 Assize - Brownr, p. 107. The Refectorian was responsible for keeping the lavatorium clean and ensuring it contained sand and a whetstone for the monks to sharpen their knives, and for changing the towels twice a week.
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The assize confirmed the offences to be brought forward by the jury of presentment according to Clarendon, and added arson and forgery to the list.G. O. Sayles, The Medieval Foundations of England (London 1967) p. 336 It also set down new and severe punishments that could be handed down, including the removal of an offender's right hand.
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Crown revenue increased significantly following the Assize, reflecting the impact of the judicial eyres.H. G. Richrdson, The English Jewry under the Angevin Kings (London 1960) p. 64 As G. M. Trevelyan put it, "The Justices were quite as busy collecting the King's revenues as enforcing the King's peace. They were two sides of the same operation."G.
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People v. Floyd, Incongruity of a defendant's language and action, or of a plaintiff's perception and reality may vitiate an assault claim. In Tuberville v Savage,, the defendant reached for his sword and told the plaintiff that " it were not assize-time, I would not take such language from you". In its American counterpart, Commonwealth v.
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The words "officers of the Crown Court" were substituted for the words "clerks of assize and clerks of the peace" by section 56 of, and paragraph 34(5) of Schedule 8 to, the Courts Act 1971. Section 122(1)(c) was amended by section 56 of, and paragraph 34(1) of Schedule 8 to, the Courts Act 1971.
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Butler, p.22. The local architect John Carr then built the Assize Courts on the site of the old Jury House between 1773 and 1777 on the west side, and oversaw the replacement of the Sessions House and Common Hall by the Female Prison between 1780 and 1783 on the east side.Butler, pp.8, 20, 22.
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A French cour d'assises or Assize Court is a criminal trial court with original and appellate limited jurisdiction to hear cases involving defendants accused of felonies, i.e. crimes as defined in French. It is the only French court consisting in a jury trial.Serge Guinchard, André Varinard and Thierry Debard, Institutions juridictionnelles (= Judicials institutions), Paris, Dalloz editor, 11th edition, 2011.
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In conjunction with Robert Pont, he again took his stand at the cross, and publicly protested in name of the 'kirk' against the verdict of assize finding the brethren who met in general assembly at Aberdeen guilty of treason. Later, for condemning the proceedings of the general assembly in 1610 he was summoned before the privy council and admonished.
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In July 1987, the assize court convicted him and sentenced him to death. Nayeck appealed to the government for clemency, but it was refused and Prime Minister Anerood Jugnauth signed the execution warrant. Nayeck was executed by hanging at Beau Bassin Prison on 10 October 1987. One hour after his execution, doctors stated that Nayeck had died of strangulation.
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Plea Rolls of the Reign of Edward I, Collections for a History of Staffordshire, Part 1., Vol. VI (1885), p.91-92, Assize at Kinver, Staffordshire 1277: Roger de Puvelesdon...Roger being in good seisin of the tenement had given the rent to Henry de Verdun in frank marriage with the said Amice his sisterDugdale's MSS, Vol.
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Raised in time of war for a special object, they were always disbanded as soon as hostilities were over. The system of a permanent army does not date, in England, further back than the Interregnum and the reign of Charles II. However the primitive steps towards standing armed forces began in the Middle Ages. The Assize of Arms of 1252 issued by King Henry III provided that small landholders should be armed and trained with a bow, and those of more wealth would be required to possess and be trained with sword, dagger and longbow. That Assize referred to a class of Forty shilling freeholders, who became identified with 'yeomanry', and states "Those with land worth annual 40s–100s will be armed/trained with bow and arrow, sword, buckler and dagger".
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The adjective free in free warren does not refer to the lack of enclosure surrounding the precincts of the warren, but rather to the fact the "liberty" of hunting derives from a warrant of the sovereign. That is, > The term "warrant" occurs very early in constitutional documents: it is > found in the Assize of Clarendon and the Assize of the Forest, both in the > reign of Henry II., but in neither case in its modern meaning. The original > meaning seems to have been more akin to guarantee (q.v.), warranty or > security; and to some extent the term implies something in the nature of a > guarantee or representation by the person issuing the warrant that the > person who acts on it can do so without incurring any legal penalty.
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In English law, oyer and terminer (; a partial translation of the Anglo-French oyer et terminer, which literally means "to hear and to determine"Oyer and terminer, Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved February 7, 2011.) was the Law French name for one of the commissions by which a judge of assize sat. The commission was also known by the Law Latin name audiendo et terminando, and the Old English-derived term soc and sac. By the commission of oyer and terminer the commissioners (in practice the judges of assize, though other persons were named with them in the commission) were commanded to make diligent inquiry into all treasons, felonies and misdemeanours whatever committed in the counties specified in the commission, and to hear and determine the same according to law.
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Although Henry had intended his newly created Grand Assize to determine issues of right, not possession, in land, in practice quite quickly novel disseisin superseded the Grand Assize and became itself the primary determinant of right in land—partly because, from dealing only with 'recent' disseisin, its remit was gradually extended further and further back in time.G. O. Sayles, The Medieval Foundations of England (London 1967) p. 339-40 A further significant extension involved the application of the writ to profits and rights emanating from land, including rents. Thus, for example, the date of disseisin allowed at the Common Bench by 1321 went back as far as 1242; while in the 1321 London eyre, of eighty-one cases of novel disseisin, only half concerned property (houses or shops), the other half dealt with rents.
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AdamAlthough his name was given as "Philip Wyote" by William Palmer, 17th century mayor of Barnstaple who transcribed his journal, it is now believed his brother Adam Wyote was the town clerk and author of the journal (Lamplugh, Lois, Barnstaple: Town on the Taw, South Molton, 2002, pp.45–6 Wyote (or Wyatt) was town clerk of Barnstaple in North Devon and kept a personal journal from 1586 to 1611. The first entry records the Black Assize of Exeter, and lists the names of eight of the gentry of Devon who died from "gaoll sickness" as follows: "to wit one of the Justices of Assize, Mr Flowerdewe, Sir Barnard Drak, Mr Welrond, Mr Cary of Clovelly, Mr Cary (sic, should be "Carew") of Hackome, Mr Fortescue, Mr Rysdon, Justices of the Peace, Sir John Chichester".
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The Council of Assizes, also referred to as the Court of Assize, was given power of making, altering and abolishing any laws of New York. The Court had yearly meetings. The Governor and Council attended and had complete power of the proceedings. They were joined by the High Sheriff and the Justices of the lower courts who were subservient to the Governor.
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Gorguloff was arrested and brought to trial at the Assize Court on 25 July 1932. Two days later, after rejecting the idea that he was insane, the jury condemned Gorguloff to death. On 20 August, the Court of Cassation, France's final appeal court, rejected a defence of insanity. On 14 September, Gorguloff was executed at La Santé prison in Paris by guillotine.
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The Elyot family of Coker had T. S. Eliot as a celebrated descendant. Elyot himself held estates in Wiltshire and in 1503 became serjeant-at-law and Attorney-General to the Queen consort, Elizabeth of York. Soon afterwards he was commissioned to act as Justice of Assize on the western circuit, becoming in 1513 judge of the Court of Common Pleas.
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Waterhouse was born in Liverpool of Quaker parents. After being articled to Richard Lane in Manchester, he took a ten-month tour of the Continent, then established his own practice in Manchester. Many of his early commissions came from Quakers and other nonconformist patrons. He came to national recognition when he won a competition for the design of Manchester assize courts.
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Waterhouse was born in Liverpool of Quaker parents. After being articled to Richard Lane in Manchester, he took a ten-month tour of the Continent, then established his own practice in Manchester. Many of his early commissions came from Quakers and other nonconformist patrons. He came to national recognition when he won a competition for the design of Manchester assize courts.
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Waterhouse was born in Liverpool of Quaker parents. After being articled to Richard Lane in Manchester, he took a ten-month tour of the Continent, then established his own practice in Manchester. Many of his early commissions came from Quakers and other nonconformist patrons. He came to national recognition when he won a competition for the design of Manchester assize courts.
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Waterhouse was born in Liverpool of Quaker parents. After being articled to Richard Lane in Manchester, he took a ten- month tour of the Continent, then established his own practice in Manchester. Many of his early commissions came from Quakers and other nonconformist patrons. He came to national recognition when he won success in a competition for the design of Manchester assize courts.
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Waterhouse was born in Liverpool of Quaker parents. After being articled to Richard Lane in Manchester, he took a ten-month tour of the Continent, then established his own practice in Manchester. Many of his early commissions came from Quakers and other nonconformist patrons. He came to national recognition when he won a competition for the design of Manchester assize courts.
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The administrative county of Tipperary (South Riding) was established in 1898. The area also had a separate existence as a judicial county following the establishment of assize courts in 1838. The county's name changed to South Tipperary, and the council's name to South Tipperary County Council under the Local Government Act 2001. The Council oversaw the county as an independent local government area.
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Between March 1949 and September 1953, he served as Additional District Judge, Colombo; Acting District Judge, Colombo and District Judge, Colombo. On 15 September 1953 he was appointed Commissioner of Assize and promoted to officer Special Class in the Ceylon Judaical Service on 9 November 1953. He was thereafter appointed to the Supreme Court of Ceylon as a Puisne Justice.
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The Crown held him in high regard: in 1281 he received financial rewards for his loyalty, and in 1284 in consideration of his long service he was excused from going on assize. He retired on health grounds in 1298;Ball, p.52 his date of death is uncertain. His eldest son and heir, also named Robert, was like his father a judge.
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152-3 At the same time, "the assize does not allow as many essoins as the duel".Quoted in D. Baker ed., The Early Middle Ages (London 1966) p. 152 Under the new procedure, four knights picked by the sheriff had to select a jury of twelve knights to declare (from local knowledge) the better right in the land in questionS.
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The judicial system of Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) was greatly influenced by its time as a French colony. The system has two levels. The lower courts include courts of appeals, courts of first instance, courts of assize, and the justice of the peace courts. The upper level includes the Supreme Court, the High Court of Justice, and the State Security Court.
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They may refer cases back to courts of assize or correctional tribunals. Correctional tribunals judge misdemeanors and felonies, and only judge cases referred to it by an investigating chamber. Correctional tribunals consist of a president, an investigating judge, and a deputy prosecutor of the republic. Hearings in these tribunals are public, and any mode of evidence can be used to prove offenses.
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Many of them sought to return to England as soon as a suitable vacancy on the English bench became available.Ball p.225 Weston's own principal fault as a judge seem to have been inefficiency: he admitted that he could not keep order in his own court. He went on assize in Ulster in 1594 but fell ill there and died.
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Lynskey was comfortable with popular culture, a keen follower of sport, especially cricket and football. He supported Everton F.C.[Anon.] (1948) and, during the tribunal, was minded to correct Attorney-General Hartley Shawcross as to the date the football season had ended. After completing an assize in Manchester in 1957, he collapsed with coronary thrombosis and died soon after in Manchester Royal Infirmary.
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It is established as part of the Supreme Court of Judicature, replacing courts of assize and Quarter Sessions. The appellate jurisdiction of these courts is transferred, and the new court given exclusive jurisdiction in "trial on indictment". It is described as a "superior court of record" for England and Wales. This section has now been superseded by the Senior Courts Act 1981.
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Savage had made some insulting comments to Tuberville. In response, Tuberville grabbed the handle of his sword and stated, "If it were not assize-time, I would not take such language from you." Savage responded with force, causing Tuberville to lose his eye. Tuberville brought an action for assault, battery, and wounding, to which Savage pleaded provocation, to-wit Tuberville's statement.
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Possibly descended from him was Adam de Lever who was living in 1246,Assize R. 404, m. 5 d. ancestor of the Levers of Little Lever,The Lever of Great Lever Chartulary MS. 32103 who held a share of the manor until the beginning of the 17th century. In the Lever of Great Lever are charters referring to the Lever family.
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Cartoon representing the juste milieu philosophy as an empty suit of clothes. At the end of his trial before the Assize Court, Philipon was convicted of " contempt of the king's person ." Arrested Jan. 12, 1832, he had to serve six months in prison and pay a fine of 2,000 francs, to which were added seven months related to other grounds of conviction.
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The Hundred Rolls of 1278–79 record it as Cherleton' super Ottemor. Assize rolls from 1285 variously record it as Cherlintone, Cheriltone, Chereltone and Chureltone. An entry in the Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem for 1314 records it as Cherleton upon Ottemour and a Close Roll from 1315 records it as Cherleton on Ottemore. A Close Roll from 1336 records it as Charlynton.
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He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1732, was called to the Bar in 1737, and took silk in 1745. He acted on occasion as an extra judge of assize. He was appointed a judge of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland) in 1758 and served on the Court until his death almost thirty years later. He was also seneschal of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.
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Ruins of Clarendon Palace Ruins of King Johns Palace at Clarendon, engraving after William Stukeley, 1723 Clarendon Palace is a medieval ruin east of Salisbury in Wiltshire, England. The palace was a royal residence during the Middle Ages, and was the location of the Assize of Clarendon which developed the Constitutions of Clarendon. It now lies within the grounds of Clarendon Park.
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The place appears as Sirestune in the Domesday Survey of 1086 and as Sireston juxta Stok (i.e. ...'next to Stoke') in the Assize Rolls of 1278. Scholars are in agreement that the name means the farm or settlement of someone called Sigehere, from an Old English personal name + tūn.J. Glover, A. Mawer & F. Stenton, Place-Names of Nottinghamshire (Cambridge, 1940), p.
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The Court of Cassation (') is the highest level of appeal in France. These courts sit in six chambers with fifteen judges in each; however, only seven judges need to be present to hear a case. There are more than 120 judges serving in the court. The Court of Cassation hears appeals from the assize courts and the courts of appeal.
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He lived in Brockville, later settling at Kilmarnock. Kilborn served in the militia during the War of 1812, later reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was named a justice of the peace for the Johnstown District in 1833. In 1852, he was named postmaster at Brockville and served as associate judge of assize at Brockville from 1853 to 1855.
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According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Jane Wenham was last person convicted of witchcraft in England. However, trials and executions for witchcraft continued in England after the Wenham case. One such case involved Mary Hickes and her nine-year-old daughter Elizabeth, who were condemned to death by the Assize Court and were hanged in Huntingdon on Saturday 28 July 1716.
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Lord Vansittart, The Mist Procession (London: Hutchinson, 1958), p. 276. General J. H. Morgan also called D'Abernon "the apostle of ′appeasement′" and claimed D'Abernon "did not believe in the possibility, much less the probability, of a German military revival".J. H. Morgan, Assize of Arms. Being the Story of the Disarmament of Germany and Her Rearmament (1919–1939) (London: Methuen, 1945), p. 334.
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The price of bread was always the same, even though the price of grain fluctuated. Instead, when the price of grain increased, the weight of bread was reduced accordingly. For every increase in the price of wheat, the weight of a loaf fell. The Assize of Bread and Ale set the price of ale and the weight for a farthing loaf of bread.
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In the 19th century the judicial functions of the county were discharged at Devizes Assize Court in the Summer and at Salisbury Assize Court in the Lent. Following the implementation of the Local Government Act 1888, which established county councils in every county, there was a need to find a meeting place for Wiltshire County Council. The County Council acquired Arlington House in The Parade in Trowbridge for this purpose in 1896; subsequent extensions included a block of offices on land behind the building, completed in 1900, and a block of offices adjacent to the building completed in 1913. Larger facilities were needed by the 1930s and the new County Hall, which was designed by Philip Hepworth as the home of Wiltshire County Council, was built in Bythesea Road on the former site of Trowbridge Town football club and completed in 1940.
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Although Fulk seems certainly to have lived after 1250, in this late period it is increasingly difficult to distinguish him from his two sons named Fulk, among the various references to Fulk "senior" and "junior". At a Shropshire Assize of January 1256, Fulk "junior" (possibly the younger son called Fulk Glas) was claiming that Thomas Corbet had disseised him of his free tenement of Alberbury. At an earlier hearing he had become enraged when Corbet referred to his father as "Proditor" (Traitor), and had renounced any homage he had made to Corbet, vowing never to hold land of him again.Eyton, Antiquities of Shropshire, VII, pp. 80-81, citing Shropshire Assize Rolls, The National Archives (UK), ref. JUST 1/734, rot. 15 front. View original at AALT image 0920 (last full entry): "ita quod idem Thomas vocavit Fulconem patrem ipsius Fulconis proditorem...", etc.
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On 18 March 1671 Fairfax was still in prison. His sister Priscilla (d. 1708), who was in the service of Reynolds, bishop of Norwich, urged him to conform. He probably obtained his release at the following assize; and on the issue of the king's indulgence (15 March 1672) he took out a licence as a presbyterian teacher at the house of Margaret Rozer, Needham Market.
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The Assize Courts used counties, or their major divisions, as a basis for their organisation. Justices of the peace originating in Norman times as Knights of the Peace, were appointed in each county. At the head of the legal hierarchy were the High Sheriff and the Custos rotulorum (keeper of the rolls) for each county. The justices had responsibility for maintaining county gaols and houses of correction.
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His first publication was a letter in the Philosophical Transactions, August 1738. In 1739 he published 'The Bishop of Corke's Letter to his Clergy,' Dublin, and 'A Sermon preached before the Judges of Assize,' Cork, and in 1740 'The Religion of Labour,' Dublin, for the Society for Promoting English Protestant Schools in Ireland. In 1743 he published ' A Replication . . . with the History of Popery,' &c.
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The tourn is first recorded by that name in 1205, but Frederick Maitland considered that it was already in action at the time of the 1166 Assize of Clarendon.W. A. Morris, The Medieval Sheriff (New York 1968), p. 119-22 Anglo-Saxon precedents for the tourn, in the form of exceptional shrieval holdings of the hundred court,W. A. Morris, The Medieval Sheriff (New York 1968), p.
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More entered Lincoln's Inn in either 1470 or 1475, was called to be a Serjeant-at-law in 1503, a Justice of Assize in 1513, a Justice of the Common Pleas in 1518, and finally to the King's Bench in 1520, where he remained until his death.; . More inherited the manor of Gobions in North Mymms, Hertfordshire, and tenements in London, and purchased additional land in Hertfordshire.; ; .
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1865 His largest single commission was a programme of architectural sculptures for the Manchester Assize Courts, built in Manchester from 1859 through 1864. Woolner created a large number of statues depicting lawgivers and rulers which formed part of the building's structure. Most dramatic was a giant sculpture depicting Moses which was placed on the top, above the entrance. There were also allegorical figures of Justice and Mercy.
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Adkins studied for the law and in 1890 was called to the Bar by the Inner Temple.The Times, 28 January 1890 He practised on the Midland circuit,The Times, 24 November 1892 p11 took silk in 1920 and sat occasionally as a Commissioner of Assize. He served as Recorder of Nottingham from 1911 to 1920. From 1920 until his death he sat as Recorder of Birmingham.
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The courts of assize, or assizes (), were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes exercised both civil and criminal jurisdiction, though most of their work was on the criminal side.O Hood Phillips. A First Book of English Law.
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In 1795 Arnold was named the Chief Justice of Rhode Island's Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize and General Gaol Delivery. The name of this court was changed in 1798 to the simpler "The Supreme Judicial Court". The Assembly re-appointed him annually every year until June 1809. After a year off due to illness, they appointed him again from 1810 to 1812.
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2, p. 33, referred to this "ancient remarkable tree" in the past tense as early as 1718, but according to JB Wilson,J.B. Wilson & H.A. Wilson The Story of Norwood the Vicar's Oak survived until 1825. The earliest surviving mention of the wood dates from assize records in 1272, and it was known to be owned by the Whitehorse family during the reign of King Edward III.
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He spent the rest of his life peaceably in England, thoroughly reconciled to the government of Henry III. He must have by this time become well advanced in years. On 11 February 1225 Fitzwalter was one of the witnesses of Henry III's third confirmation of the great charter. In June 1230 he was one of those assigned to hold the assize of arms in Essex and Hertfordshire.
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A year later he became Commissioner of Assize, serving in Birmingham, and was elected a bencher by the Middle Temple. In 1962 Roskill received an appointment as judge on the High Court of Justice (Queen's Bench Division) and was therefore knighted.Dod (1996), p. 308 He became the new president of the Senate of the Inns of Court and the Bar, when it was formed in 1967.
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Volume 2. Page 420. Mary Ann Cotton was tried at the Durham Assizes. The judges of assize who sat in a county palatine, formerly sat by virtue of a special commission from the owner of the franchise, and under the seal thereof, and not by the usual commission under the Great Seal of England (3 Com 79)Sir John Comyns, Anthony Hammond and Thomas Day.
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Letters & Papers Henry VIII, vol. 12 part 2, (1891), no. 1060. In August 1538 he was at the assize at York that condemned Thomas Millar or Milner, former Lancaster Herald.Letters & Papers Henry VIII, vol. 13 part 2, (1893), no. 42. Millar's crime was his submission to Robert Aske leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace at Pontefract on 13 October 1536.State Papers Henry VIII, vol.
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Pupils were given a holiday when the Assize Judge visited. The school moved to 38 St Giles' in 1879 and then to 21 Banbury Road at the start of 1881, in a building designed by Sir Thomas Graham Jackson, just south of the location of another Jackson building, the Acland Nursing Home.Sherwood, Jennifer, and Pevsner, Nikolaus, The Buildings of England: Oxfordshire, Penguin Books, 1974. . Page 317.
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He became a judge of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland) in 1581.Ball p.220 He acted as the judge of assize in Ulster in 1591-2, but shortly afterwards his health declined seriously: it was said that both his judgment and his memory failed, although he apparently remained on the Bench until his death in 1597. He was remembered as "a man of much distinction".
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The forester was responsible for enforcing the forest law – the special law that applied to the royal forests – and presided over the forest justices, who held forest eyres. There was also a special forest exchequer, or forest treasury.Turner King John p. 61 In 1198 Neville presided over an Assize of the Forest that was described by the chronicler Roger of Howden as greatly oppressive.
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Shortly after he was also knighted. When Chief Justice Sir John Cavendish was killed in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381, Tresilian was appointed to take over the position. After the rebellion was over, Tresilian was put in charge of punishing the rebels and did so extremely harshly. He followed King Richard II into Essex, where he led what was described as a 'bloody assize' against the rebels.
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Shire Hall is the meeting place of the council. Located in the town centre, Shire Hall is a Grade I listed building. It was built in 1724, and was formerly the centre for the Assize Courts and Quarter Sessions for Monmouthshire. It is owned by Monmouthshire County Council, and beside serving as town hall of Monmouth, it is also used as the town's Tourist Information Centre.
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He was returned for Newtown, IoW in 1625 and 1626. He became judge of assize in 1641. In March 1642 he encouraged the Kentish grand jury to petition Parliament in favour of the Book of Common Prayer and against depriving the King of control of the militia. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London for two years until he was exchanged for Sir John Temple.
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Other methods of trial continued, including trial by combat and trial by ordeal.Warren (2000), pp. 357–358. After the Assize of Clarendon in 1166, royal justice was extended into new areas through the use of new forms of assizes, in particular novel disseisin, mort d'ancestor and dower unde nichil habet, which dealt with the wrongful dispossession of land, inheritance rights and the rights of widows respectively.Brand, pp.
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A charter of Eynsham Abbey from 1285 records it as Canyngesham, but an assize roll from the same year records it as Kyngham. The latter spelling remained in frequent use until 1428, when it was used in a feudal aid document. An earlier feudal aid document, from 1346, records it as Keygham. The name is derived from Old English, meaning "the hām (homestead) of Cǣga's people".
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Little is known of his origin and early years, but he was probably from Clapton, near Crewkerne in Somerset. His first appearance in the records is in 1376, as king's serjeant. Later he appears frequently on legal commissions in the South-West throughout the 1370s and 1380s. He served as justice of assize, justice of gaol delivery, commissioner of the peace and commissioner of array.
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Rowena E. Archer (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995), p.194. The ale trade in all of England was predominantly regulated by the Assize of Bread and Ale, "which linked the price of ale to the price of grain and which ordained public checks on the quality of the brew."Laughton (1995), 198. Operating outside of this regulation was forbidden and handled severely by the courts.
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He became lecturer of Newington Green, London, and later was vicar of St. Lawrence, Reading. There he engaged in much local controversy. In an assize sermon preached in 1654 he denounced the people of Reading for their support of extravagant religious views, and was called before the grand jury to explain his conduct. Two years later a Quaker named Thomas Speed excited his wrath.
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104-5 In 1577 he was appointed to another commission of oyer and terminer on the death of the assize judges.Flenley, p.172-3 Like other council members, Bromley was reputed for his attention to justice, especially to speed and fairness to the poor. In November 1580 Bromley and Henry Townshend, the MP for Bridgnorth,Hasler: TOWNSHEND, Henry (?1537–1621), of Cound and Ludlow, Salop.
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In the spring of 1814 fifteen Upper Canadians, including Willcocks, were charged with high treason as part of the Ancaster Bloody Assize; eight were captured and executed in July 1814. On September 4, 1814 while leading a skirmish during the Siege of Fort Erie, Willcocks was fatally shot in the chest.Donald E. Graves, Where Right and Glory Lead, p.223 Toronto: Robin Brass Studio.
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Knighted by April 1369, he was five-time MP for Lancashire; his final entry to the House of Commons of England was less than two years before his death. In 1379 was appointed Sheriff, an office he held for the next five years. He sat on a multitude of royal commissions of array, Oyer and terminer, assize, and shipwreck over thirty years until 1398.
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Their trial in French at the Assize Court of Hainaut in Mons started on 20 August 1860. Although both lived in Couillet, Wallonia, and spoke French for their work, they were assisted by a Dutch translator, Pierre Van Horenbeek. Prosecutor Charles-Victor de Bavay obtained their death sentence five days later. They were beheaded on the Grand Market Place of Charleroi a few weeks later.
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He was sentenced in March 1997 by the Essen court of assize for three murders and one rape to life imprisonment, with subsequent placement in psychiatry and preventative detention. By determining the particular gravity of the guilt, the court imposed the maximum penalty. Bianka W. was sentenced to six years for murder and Marcel M. was sentenced to five years in prison for aiding and abetting.
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Apart from being used for Assize Courts, the Great Hall was also used for sessions of the Parliament of England most notably the Parliament of Bats in 1426, when the conditions in London were not suitable. A section of the castle wall, adjacent to the Turret Gateway, has gun loops (holes) that were poked through the medieval wall to use as firing ports by the city's residents when Parliamentarian Leicester was besieged, captured, and ransacked, during the English Civil War by the main Royalist Field army under Charles I and Prince Rupert on 31 May 1645. The third storey of the Turret Gateway (erroneously known as 'Prince Rupert's gateway') was destroyed in an election riot in 1832. In the 1880s, J. M. Barrie visited the assize courts regularly and spent many hours inside as reporter for the Nottingham Journal when the hall was being used as a court house.
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A second altercation with the Bench came when Garlick was asked if he wished to be tried by jury or by the Justices of Assize alone. Garlick, knowing that a verdict of guilty was inevitable, replied that he did not wish his blood to be on the hands of poor men. He was, however, persuaded to yield on this point, and the trial proceeded by jury.Sweeney, p. 10.
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Two years later he was appointed justice of the Court of Common Pleas. He died in Dundalk in 1779, while on assize. He represented Dunleer in the Parliament of Ireland from 1728 to 1760 and from April to December 1761. As a politician he was noted for a style of oratory which was "warm, if not always clear"; in private life he was noted as a connoisseur of wine.
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Cocket bread was a type of bread in England, as referenced in the Assize of Bread and Ale, 51 Hen. III (ca. 1266), where it is one of several kinds of bread named. It seems to have been hard sea-biscuit, which perhaps had then some mark or seal (a cocket) on it; or else, was so called from its being designed for the use of the coxswains, or seamen.
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Rotuli de Liberate ac de Misis et Praestitis, Regnante Johanne. London: George E. Etre and Andrew Spottiswoode, 1844. Page 194, and 205 Walter Devereux came of age in 1194. His father had granted a church on his lands in Oxenhall, Gloucester, to the Knights Hospitaller in 1186, and on 27 October 1194 Walter Devereux filed an Assize of mort d'ancestor against the Order over 2 marks rent in Oxenhall.
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He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Cornwall in 1307. In 1284 he was one of the Justices of Assize for Cornwall, and in 1302 he was a juror at the assizes. In 1309, months after his death, he was summoned to parliament as a baron. As he could not sit in that parliament his descendants were unable to claim the title of baron.
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The Assize of Weights and Measures describes the as ten long thousands or 12,000 fish. The Norman French editions describe this as the "red herring" or and compose the herring last out of ten short thousands of twelve long hundreds, still making 12,000 fish altogether. (Elsewhere, the herring last was treated by volume.) The comprised 20 dicker of 10 skins each (200 total) or, sometimes, 12 dozen skins (144 total).
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Thomas became Serjeant-at-law (Ireland), who at that time was the senior legal adviser to the Crown, in 1434. He was entrusted with levying subsidies in 1447, and with surveying the royal mines in 1450. He was made a justice of assize in County Meath, and was entrusted with the defence of the county in 1456.Ball, F. Elrington The Judges in Ireland 1221-1921 John Murray London 1926 Vol.
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By a resolution passed by the judges of the King's Bench Division in 1894 it was declared of the utmost importance that there should be at least three courts of nisi prius sitting continuously throughout the legal year: one for special jury causes, one for common jury causes, and one for causes without juries. Magna Carta and the Assize of Clarendon provided for the trial of serious criminal cases on circuit.
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The Bread Assize remained in force until 1863, when Parliament repealed it. In the 14th century, the Guild divided into the Brown-Bakers' Guild and the White-Bakers' Guild. The Brown- Bakers were bakers of nutritious bread, while the White-Bakers were bakers of the less nutritious but more popular bread. The White-Bakers were incorporated by a Royal Charter of 1509, while the Brown-Bakers were incorporated in 1621.
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In 1806 the building was bought out of county rates for use as the Judges' residence, when they attended the quarterly sessions at the Assize Courts at York Castle. These were criminal courts held for the most serious crimes in the country. The judges were of the Kings Bench Division of the High Court of Justice. It was given five commissioners, picked from Justices of the Peace for the Three Ridings.
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Wantenaer was tried for murder in the Court of Assize on October 2, 1665. He was convicted of a lesser charge of manslaughter, suffering the punishment of loss of his property and a year's imprisonment.Scandinavian Immigrants in New York, 1630-1645 Part III, Swedish Immigrants in New York, 1630-1634 by John O. Evjen, Ph.D. Published 1916, Minneapolis reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. Baltimore, 1972, reprinted for Clearfield Co., Inc.
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The surname is first recorded in the latter half of the 12th Century (see below). One William Underwude appears in the 1219 Assize Court Rolls of Yorkshire, and a William under the Wode in the 1332 Subsidy Rolls of Staffordshire. From the beginning of the surviving parish registers in 1559 there were Underwoods recorded in Pickering parish, North Yorkshire, England. On 2 January 1634, one Joseph Underwood, aged 23 yrs.
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A number of problems arose during construction, the first architect having resigned and a succession of three builders being contracted. The first quarter-sessions were held at the court house in 1841, and the first trial by jury in the colony of New South Wales was held here. The assize courts were continued for only seven years. In 1850 the district court moved to Goulburn, south of Berrima.
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On at least one occasion he appeared in the House of Lords before his father, who was sitting as a judge. He served as Commissioner of Assize for the Northern Circuit in 1921 and for the Midland and Oxford Circuits in 1922. Finlay also served as the British representative on the International Blockade Commission in 1920–21. He was elected a bencher of the Middle Temple in November 1924.
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These reports remained unpublished and the well-known Yelverton report is by his son Henry Yelverton. For all his finesse as Speaker Yelverton was a man of considerable toughness. He was appointed second justice at Lancaster in 1598. As justice of the assize on the northern circuit and JP of many northern counties from 1599, he was in the forefront of the common lawyers' attack on the Council of the North.
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One of the grandest rooms at The King's Head is the Gatehouse Chamber. This dates from the mid-16th century but, in the 17th century, Assize Courts met here to discuss criminal cases. Judges would announce their verdicts out of the front window of the chamber, which would have then overlooked the Market Square. The first floor offered the judge both prestige and protection from possible angry locals.
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The following day there was uproar; when the Marquess of Waterford finally sobered up, he paid for all the damage to people and property, but the group were still brought to trial before the Derby Assize Court in July 1838. They were found not guilty of riot, but were fined £100 each for common assault, a considerable sum then. Following the incident, the phrase "paint the town red" entered the language .
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A charter of Osney Abbey from 1210 records it as Kangham. The Book of Fees records it as Kaingeham in entries for 1220 and 1242 and Keingham or Keyngham in entries for 1235–36. A feet of fines entry for 1254 records it as Kengham: a spelling that was frequent until 1377, when it was used in a Close Roll entry. An assize roll from 1268 records it as Kehingham.
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Smith was put on trial for Richard's death on 9 August 1849, at the court of assize in Devizes. Eighteen witnesses were called, many of whom testified about her attempts to buy poison and false statements she had made about her son's health. The jury took 30 minutes to find her guilty, but also issued a recommendation of mercy; the judge ignored this and sentenced her to death.Watson (2008), p. 123.
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Bread regulation was the most significant and long-lasting commercial law in medieval England. The first bread assize law dates back to the 13th century, but its origins are even older. This law can be traced back to proclamations from the reigns of Henry II and John that regulated the purchasing requirements of the royal household. These assizes adjusted the weight of bread according to the price of wheat.
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It was 18 July 1616. The first six women were made to chant a counter spell, which was intended to identify them as witches. John Smith would cry out in pain and distress anytime they didn't chant: All nine of them were hung as witches in the trial that same day. The rest were imprisoned by the judges of assize, Sir Humphrey Winch and Sir Ranulph Crewe later in the year.
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The Ethy Hoard consisting of 1,095 base silver radiates in a coarseware jar was found near Ethy. It has been dated to the late 3rd century and is held at the Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro. A further 103 Roman coins were found in the river foreshore. The first known reference to the Lerryn is a 1284 Assize Roll. The bridge is mentioned in a 1289 Roll and the mill in 1346.
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The Criminal Justice Administration Act 1956 set up two additional courts of assize and quarter sessions, the Crown Court at Liverpool and the Crown Court at Manchester, to improve the handling of criminal cases in South Lancashire. A Royal Commission (Cmnd 4135), headed by Lord Beeching, was established to review the English criminal justice system, and recommended the replacement of the assizes and quarter sessions with a new system of courts, following the examples of Liverpool and Manchester. The Crown Court was established on 1 January 1972 by the Courts Act 1971,Courts Act 1971 (Commencement) Order 1971 (SI 1971/1151) acting on the recommendations of the commission. The Crown Court is a permanent unitary court across England and Wales, whereas the assizes were periodic local courts heard before judges of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court, who travelled across the seven circuits into which England and Wales were divided, assembling juries in the assize towns and hearing cases.
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In 1353 some disturbances seem to have broken out in Cheshire, for the Prince as Earl of Chester marched with Henry of Grosmont, now Duke of Lancaster to the neighbourhood of Chester to protect the justices, who were holding an assize there. The men of the earldom offered to pay him a heavy fine to bring the assize to an end, but when they thought they had arranged matters the justices opened an inquisition of trailbaston, took a large sum of money from them, and seized many houses and much land into the prince's, their earl's, hands. On his return from Chester the prince is said to have passed by the Abbey of Dieulacres in Staffordshire, to have seen a fine church which his great-grandfather, Edward I, had built there, and to have granted five hundred marks, a tenth of the sum he had taken from his earldom, towards its completion; the abbey was almost certainly not Dieulacres but Vale Royal. cites Knighton, c.
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The assize presented an established scale, then of ancient standing, between the prices of wheat and of bread, providing that when the quarter (~240 L / 6.9 US bushel if the gallon is taken to be the wine gallon) of wheat was sold at twelve pence, the farthing loaf of the best white bread should weigh six pounds sixteen shillings (~2.5 kg / 5.6 lb avdp if the pound is taken to be the troy pound). It then graduated the weight of bread according to the price of wheat, and for every six pence added to the quarter of wheat, the weight of the farthing loaf was reduced; until, when the wheat was at twenty shillings a quarter, it directed the weight of the loaf to be six shillings and three pence (~120 g / 4.1 oz avdp). The assize of bread was in force until the beginning of the 19th century, and was only then abolished in London.
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In 1609 he was knighted and sent to Ireland as Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer; in 1612 he was appointed Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench in Ireland, and he was made also a member of the Privy Council of Ireland. He was a leading supporter of the policy of extending the. English common law system to the whole of Ireland. Despite his frequent complaints of ill-health he regularly travelled on assize.
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He went regularly on assize to Connaught and Ulster. Unlike many of his colleagues, he is not known to have received a knighthood. He died in Dublin in 1674 and was buried in St. Michael's Church, Dublin; according to family tradition, his body was later reinterred in the family tomb at St Oswald's Church, Malpas. St Oswald's Church, Malpas Cheshire where Thomas Stockton is said to be buried- the south east view.
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In 1924 he became the District Judge of Batticaloa, District Judge Chilaw in 1925, served in the Judicial Service Commission in 1935. In 1936 he served as the Additional District Judge Colombo and Acting District Judge Jaffna as well as Acting Solicitor General. He was also the Commissioner of Assize in Negombo, Kalutara, Ratnapura and Jaffna. In 1938 he was made an Acting Puisne Justice and retired from the Supreme Court in 1945.
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After the Georgian remodelling of the castle, it was decided it would be more convenient to perform executions nearer the castle. The spot chosen became known as Hanging Corner. Lancaster has a reputation as the court that sentenced more people to death than any other in England. This is partly because until 1835 Lancaster Castle was the only Assize Court in the entire county and covered rapidly growing industrial centres including Manchester and Liverpool.
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In 1104, Bigod founded the Cluniac Priory of St Mary. The priory grew rapidly, with an influx of monks from Lewes, and in 1107 it was moved to a larger side on the other side of the river where the ruins remain today. It became the largest and most important religious institution in Thetford. The Norfolk Lent Assizes were held at Thetford from 1264 because there was only one Assize for both Norfolk and Suffolk.
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1 d. The prior obtained a writ which named 44 of the alleged perpetrators, who included "two chaplains, and various tradesmen of the town, such as linen-drapers, grocers, skinners, and shoemakers". Nothing is recorded in the assize rolls with regard to these perpetrators, showing there was probably some sort of "amicable termination" or out-of-court settlement. The barns and outbuildings at the friary were used as a royal wool-store.
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The murderer, who at once told his father of his crime, was taken to Maidstone next day and arraigned at Maidstone assize on 9 August. He pleaded guilty, was sentenced to death, and was hanged at Maidstone on 21 August. The fratricide proved a theme for the pulpit: Robert Boreman at once issued 'A Mirrour of Mercy and Judgment, or an exact true narrative of the Life and Death of Freeman Sonds, Esq.,' 1655.
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The first president of the CGV was Ernest Ferroul and Elie Bernard became its Secretary General. All the imprisoned leaders and members of the Argeliers committee had been released since 2 August 1907 as a gesture of reconciliation. On 5 October 1907 those considered responsible for the demonstrations and riots were declared liable by the court of assize. But after appeals were lodged the trials were never held and all were pardoned in 1988.
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On 21 April 2001, the Court of Revision quashed Dils' conviction but refused to release him pending a retrial. On 20 June 2001 a new trial opened before the Assize Court of the minor Marne. Francis Heaulme appeared as a witness, but he refused to take responsibility for the double murder, despite the suspicions against him. On 29 June 2001, the court sentenced Dils to twenty-five years imprisonment, to everyone's surprise.
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The journalists had already prepared their articles announcing his acquittal, at the time the Advocate General had expressed his personal belief: according to him, Dils could not be the culprit, he would not have had time to commit the crime. Convicted again, Dils had ten days to appeal. The third trial in the Assize Court minors Rhône opened on 8 April 2002. The law now allowed the trial to be held in public.
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Thurtell, Hunt and Probert were indicted for murder. The foreman of the grand jury which indicted them was William Lamb, who as Lord Melbourne would later become the Prime Minister. They were tried at Hertford Assize Court. Even though Hunt had cooperated the most with the authorities, it was Probert who was offered the chance to save himself by turning King's evidence: giving evidence against the other two in exchange for freedom.
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Angoulême is the seat of a bishop, a prefect, and an assize court. Its public institutions include tribunals of first instance and of commerce, a council of trade-arbitrators, a chamber of commerce and a branch of the Bank of France. It has several lycées (including the Lycee de l'Image et du Son d'Angoulême (LISA – High School of Image and Sound)), training colleges, a school of artillery, a library and several learned societies.
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Thus, what is threatened must be capable of being carried out immediately. This would exclude a conditional threat. For example, if the defendant says that he would beat the living daylights out of you but for the presence of a police officer watching them both, the victim is supposed to understand that there is no immediate danger (cf. Tuberville v Savage's "If it were not assize time I would not take such language from you").
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In 1814, he served as defense counsel for several prisoners at the Bloody Assize held at Ancaster. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada in the 2nd and 3rd ridings of Lincoln in 1824; he was defeated in 1828 but reelected in 1830. He defended the rights of immigrants from the United States to hold full citizenship and opposed discrimination against religious minorities. He supported Robert Randal's case against Henry John Boulton.
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The house was built in 1856 for Christopher Bushell, a Liverpool wine merchant. The architect, who designed and oversaw the work on the Hall was Alfred Waterhouse. It was "an exceptionally early work", designed before his first major commission, the Manchester Assize Courts. Extensions to the house were built in the 20th century for Sir Percy Bates, chairman of the Cunard Line, and the estate now has cottages and a Chapter House.
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Although the murder hunt, still one of the largest in the northeast, involved two hundred officers, nobody was convicted of the crime. The prime suspect was the relief porter Samuel Atkinson who was arraigned at the local Magistrates' Court for the murder and sent for trial at the Assize Court in Durham. At the opening of the trial the local Chief Constable William E Morant appeared and offered no evidence against Atkinson, who was released.
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Water Orton was first documented in an Assize Roll of 1262 as Overton which means farm by the bank or edge. This usage continued to be recorded through the 13th and 14th centuries, but the name Oreton is recorded in the Warwickshire Feet of Fines in 1431. Water Ouerton is used in the Parish register of Aston in 1546 and Water Ouerton al. Water Orton in the Feet of Fines of 1605 and 1652.
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An assize of mort d'ancestor was a writ filed when after the decease of a man's ancestor, a stranger abated and entered into the estate. Gerard, who was underage at the time, protested that his father, Walter, had held the property at his death, and John had no right to it after the death of Joan de Eylessford. John Devereux attested that they were given to Joan and her heirs during her first marriage.
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Later in 1689 he and his family were permitted to go to England, but without their valuables. His position on the Bench was left vacant, apparently because no barrister would pay the fee for the patent of office. Following the downfall of King James's cause at the Battle of the Boyne, Lyndon returned to Ireland, and was reappointed to the Bench in 1690 and knighted. He continued to go regularly on assize to Ulster.
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They were sometimes used as window coverings. Until the invention of plastic drum heads in the 1950s, animal hides or metal was used. Parchment and vellum—a kind of paper made from processed skins—was introduced to the Eastern Mediterranean during the Iron Age, supposedly at Pergamon. The Assize of Weights and Measures—one of the statutes of uncertain date from —mentions rawhide, gloves, parchment, and vellum among the principal items of England's commerce.
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The king's advocate Thomas Hamilton wrote to James VI saying that Hartsyde had the best lawyers in Edinburgh on her side, and thought that in clearing her of a charge of "theft", the assize had "very far mistaken their duty." He recommended the king order her "to be declared infamous in all time coming" as "a restraint and terror to all other servants."Melros Papers, vol. 1 (edinburgh, 1837), pp. 49-51.
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But he also used brick, often a combination of different colours, or with other materials such as terracotta and stone. This was especially the case with his buildings for the Prudential Assurance Company, educational, hospital and domestic buildings. Stone was also used, in his Manchester Assize Courts, he used different coloured stones externally to decorate it. At Manchester Town Hall and Eaton Hall the exterior walls are almost entirely of a single type of stone.
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It may have arisen either out of the "appeal of felony", or assize of novel disseisin, or replevin. Later, after the Statute of Westminster 1285, in the 1360s, the "trespass on the case" action arose for when the defendant did not direct force. As its scope increased, it became simply "action on the case". The English Judicature Act passed 1873 through 1875 abolished the separate actions of trespass and trespass on the case.
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Odgers (1918) p. 602 His call to the Bar saw Blackstone begin to alternate between Oxford and London, occupying chambers in Pump Court but living at All Souls College. As the central courts only sat for three months of the year, the rest of his time was spent on Assize when his work at All Souls permitted. He regularly acted as a law reporter; his personal notes on cases start with Hankey v Trotman (1746).
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The Judges' Lodgings, formerly a town house and now a museum, is located between Church Street and Castle Hill, Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. The building is the oldest existing town house in Lancaster, and was also the first house in Lancaster to have shutters. It was used by judges when they attended the sessions of the Assize Court.
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The Inferior Number also hears appeals against decisions of the Magistrates' Court. There is generally no onward appeal. An assize sitting of the Royal Court is used when the defendant is charged with an offence (called 'crimes' for the more serious offences, and 'délits' for the less serious ones) against customary law. The case is tried by a judge (the Bailiff or Deputy or a Commissioner) and a jury of 12 citizens.
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A warrant for Wenham's arrest was issued by Sir Henry Chauncy, who gave instructions that she be searched for "witch marks". She requested that she undergo trials to avoid being detained, such as a swimming test, however, she was asked to repeat the Lord's Prayer. The accused was brought before Sir John Powell at the Assize Court at Hertford on 4 March 1712. A number of villagers gave evidence that Wenham practised witchcraft.
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In 1861, a year after the execution, 14 members of the infamous Black Gang were to appear before the same assize court. The leader of the gang, Leopold Rabet, confessed that French-speaking gang members had killed the widow Dubois. Jean-Baptiste Boucher and Auguste Leclercq confessed to having committed the murder and were sentenced to death. They also confessed that although Coucke and Goethals did not kill the widow, they were their accomplices.
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An 1893 painting of the Assize d'Heritage by John St Helier Lander. Jersey history is influenced by its strategic location between the northern coast of France and the southern coast of England; the island's recorded history extends over a thousand years. La Cotte de St Brelade is a Palaeolithic site inhabited before rising sea levels transformed Jersey into an island. Jersey was a centre of Neolithic activity, as demonstrated by the concentration of dolmens.
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Crewe prosecuted, and Peacham was convicted. He was sentenced to death but allowed to die in prison. Crewe's professional reputation was somewhat damaged by the Leicester boy Witch Trials, where he sat as an extra judge of assize. Nine women were hanged on the evidence of a young boy called John Smith whom Crewe, and his colleague Sir Humphrey Winch, found entirely credible, but whom King James soon after declared to be a fraud.
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He received the commission of justice of assize in 1276. From 1273 to 1278, he was a senior clerk to the Court of Common Pleas, and was then made keeper of the writs and rolls of the court (custos rotulorum et brevium de banco) until 1285. In that year, Beckingham was appointed a Justice of the Common Pleas. In 1289, grave complaints arose of the maladministration of the entire justice system during King Edward I's absence in Gascony.
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By 1903 he was enjoying a successful career, and was sworn in as a King's Counsel with Ponnambalam Ramanathan and Frederick Dornhorst the first "silks" of the Bar of Ceylon. The same year he accepted appointment as a Commissioner of Assize. In 1915 he was appointed a Puisne Justice and made a senior Puisne Justice in 1922. He functioned as Acting Chief Justice on several occasions, and in 1924 was made Knight Bachelor by the King.
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He served on the island's council and as a justice of assize. In 1834, he sold his assets on the island and moved to Canada, settling in Hamilton. He became involved with the establishment of the Gore Bank (later part of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce) and the London and Gore Rail Road. Whyte served as president of the Gore Bank from 1836 to 1839 and was a member of the board of directors for the railroad.
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Their armies did not match the power, might, and discipline of the Roman army that had been formed a thousand years earlier. The power of the Norman kings ruling at that time in England was not founded on any form of standing army. If a king needed to raise forces this would often have to be mercenary forces paid for by the king or his followers. The Assize of Arms needs to be seen in this context.
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The Trial of William Wemms, James Hartegan, William M'Cauley, Hugh White, Matthew Killroy, William Warren, John Carrol, and Hugh Montgomery, soldiers in His Majesty's 29th Regiment of Foot, for the murder of Crispus Attucks, Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick, James Caldwell, and Patrick Carr, on Monday-evening, the 5th of March, 1770, at the Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and general goal delivery, held at Boston. The 27th day of November, 1770, by adjournment. Before the Hon.
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The Supreme Court of Sri Lanka in Colombo Vaithalingam joined the judicial service 9 years after being called to the bar, as an Acting Magistrate in Mallakan. For over two decades, he functioned as a Magistrate and District Judge in different parts of the island and in October, 1962, he was appointed a Commissioner of Assize. He continued as such till his appointment to the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka in 1964 by President Sirimavo Bandaranaike.
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On his return to Ceylon 1925, Rajapakse began his legal practice as an advocate in the Unofficial Bar, mainly in civil law in apex courts. He served as a lecturer and examiner at the Ceylon Law College and was a member of the Council of Legal Education. In 1944, he took silk as a King's Counsel and was appointed Commissioner of Assize in 1946, an appointment he relinquished quickly and returned to his lucrative legal practice.
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In the Late Roman Empire, usually dated 284 AD to 602 AD, the regional governance district known as the Roman or civil diocese was made up of a grouping of provinces headed by vicars (substitutes or representatives) of praetorian prefects (who governed directly the dioceses they were resident in). There were initially twelve dioceses, rising to fourteen by 380. The term diocese comes from the , which derives from the (διοίκησις) meaning "administration", "management", "assize district", or "group of provinces".
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Havers was called to the Bar at Inner Temple in 1920, coming top of the bar examinations, and "took silk" to become a King's Counsel in 1939. He served as recorder of Chichester from 1939 to 1951. He also served as a judge in the Gold Coast in 1944-45, and as a Commissioner of Assize in the midlands in 1949. He became a bencher at Inner Temple in 1946, and served as Treasurer in 1971.
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He also served on the Privy Council of Ireland. He was diligent in his official duties, and was the first judge to hold an assize in Wicklow. Amongst other things, he caused the English Book of Common Prayer to be translated into Irish, and sought to enforce Protestant church attendance on the Irish Catholic nobility. As a result he became highly unpopular, and a flood of complaints went back to England concerning the severity of his administration.
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The Acts had the effect of annexing Wales to England and creating a single state and legal jurisdiction, commonly referred to as England and Wales. The powers of the marcher lordships were abolished, and their areas were organised into the new Welsh counties of Denbighshire, Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire, Brecknockshire, Monmouthshire, and Carmarthenshire. The counties of Pembrokeshire and Glamorgan were created by adding other districts to existing lordships. In place of assize courts of England, there were Courts of Great Sessions.
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The building, which was designed by John Clacy in the Baroque revival style, was completed in 1861. It was used for the assize courts from 1867 when Abingdon County Hall ceded that role To Reading. Following the implementation of the Local Government Act 1888, which established county councils in every county, it also became the meeting place for Berkshire County Council. The administrative staff and committee rooms of the County Council were accommodated in the Shire Hall next door.
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On 10 September 2016, Altan was arrested in the wake of the coup d'état attempt. He was later indicted on charges of attempting to overthrow the constitutional order and acting on behalf of a terrorist organization. The Constitutional Court of Turkey ruled on 11 January 2018 that his rights as a journalist had been violated, but his subsequent application for release was rejected by Istanbul Assize Court. On 16 February 2018 he was sentenced to life in prison.
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A statute of Edgar the Peaceful set a price floor on wool by threatening both the seller and purchaser who agreed to trade a wool wey for less than 120 pence (i.e., ½ pound of sterling silver per wey), but the wey itself varied over time and by location. The wey was standardized as 14 stone of 12½ merchants' pounds each (175 lbs. or around 76.5 kg) by the time of the Assize of Weights and Measures .
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The Shire Hall in Agincourt Square, Monmouth, Wales, is a prominent Grade I listed building in the town centre. It was built in 1724, and was formerly the centre for the Assize Courts and Quarter Sessions for Monmouthshire. In 1839/40, the court was the location of the trial of the Chartist leader John Frost and others for high treason for their part in the Newport Rising. The building was also used as a market place.
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Brown, James I, p. 63 Murdoch, his sons Walter and Alexander and Duncan, Earl of Lennox were in Stirling Castle for their trial on 18 May at a specially convened parliament. An assize of seven earls and fourteen lesser nobles were appointed to hear the evidence that linked the prisoners to the rebellion in the Lennox. The four men were condemned, Walter on 24 May and the others on 25 May and immediately beheaded in 'front of the castle'.
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The Court of Assize (', also called a Court of Sessions) sits in each of the departments of France with original and appellate jurisdiction over ', or serious felonies. As a court of first instance, it is normally composed of 3 judges and 9 jurors, but in some cases involving terrorism and the illegal drug trade the court may sit as 3 judges alone. When it sits as a court of appeal, it is composed of 3 judges.
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On 20 February 1585 he was a member of the special commission for the county of Middlesex, before which Dr William Parry was tried and convicted for high treason. In the winter of 1585 and 1586 he went on circuit in South Wales, and in March held the notorious Lent Black Assize of Exeter from 14 March 1586. Here gaol fever broke out from which he, together with many others, died between 14 March and 4 April.
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The thirteenth century law governing trade in bread and ale, known as the Assize of Bread and Ale, imposed severe punishment for short measure. This could be a fine, destruction of the baker's oven or even the pillory. To protect themselves bakers would add a small piece of bread to each order, called the 'in-bread' to ensure they could not be accused of short measure. For large orders of 12 loaves this would be a whole extra loaf.
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University of Iowa digital library. Page 215, 22 June 1219, membrane 3d Also he was appointed a forest commissioner for the Eyre in Hereford. The following year Stephen was appointed a justice of gaol delivery for HerefordCuria Regis Roll: Trinity Term, 4 Henry III, 1220, May 22, Membrane 28, page 198. Pleas of the Crown ‘gaolis’ Hereford deliberating before the M. de Pateshull, Stephen De Evreux dissesisin, new assize, and like manner and his associates, etc.
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The Man of Law may have been based upon a real character. Two candidates are Thomas Pynchbek and Gower. Pynchbek "served as a justice of assize between 1376 and 1388 and was known for his acquisition of land, as well as for his learning; in 1388, as chief baron of the Exchequer, he signed a writ for GC's arrest in a case of debt". Accepting the latter requires accepting the debatable claim that Gower was practiced a lawyer.
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She required an effective sentence of imprisonment of five months. The defence requested to suspend the trial. A lawyer who pleaded Claeys's cause, alleged that the criminal court was not competent for a "violation of press laws" dating from 1997. It was not until 1999 that an exception was made to the law that provides that violations of the laws governing the Press – including those violations tainted with racism – should appear immediately before the Assize Court.
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The author of The Wonderfull Discoverie, Thomas Potts, was brought up in the home of Thomas Knyvet, the man who in 1605 was credited with apprehending Guy Fawkes in his attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament and thus saving the life of King James I. At the time of writing his book, Potts was lodging in Chancery Lane, in London. Potts was employed as a clerk of the peace for the East Riding of Yorkshire in about 1610–11, and was an associate clerk on the northern assize circuit in the summer of 1612, when the Lancashire witch trials took place. Although he had sufficient legal training to be able to advise Justices of the Peace, he had not received a university education. The normal career progression for a man in his position would have been a slow promotion to Clerk of the Assize, but only a few years after the publication of his book Potts began to receive "considerable royal favour", suggesting that his account of the trials met with the King's approval.
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Jacob, pp. 473–93. Even John Gillingham, whose revisionist account stresses the essential stability and continuity of 15th century government,Gillingham, p. 53. paints a picture of mismanagement, policy confusion, and an increasingly angry population during the 1440s.Gillingham, pp. 56–64 According to the king's grant, the chaplains had complained that they were constantly harassed by all kinds of royal and local officials: bailiffs, Justices of the peace, Justices of assize, Seneschals and Marshals of the royal household, Sheriffs, Escheators, Coroners.
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On account of his using the Book of Common Prayer John Owen, then Dean of Christ Church and vice-chancellor, unsuccessfully opposed his proceeding M.A. on 12 June 1657. South travelled on the continent, and in 1658 privately received episcopal ordination, perhaps from Thomas Sydserf. He was incorporated M.A. at Cambridge in 1659. His assize sermon at St. Mary's on 24 July 1659 was an attack on the Independents, with a sample of the humour for which South became famous.
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Peregrini were subject to de plano (summary) justice, including execution, at the discretion of the legatus Augusti (provincial governor). In theory at least, Roman citizens could not be tortured and could insist on being tried by a full hearing of the governor's assize court i.e. court held in rotation at different locations. This would involve the governor acting as judge, advised by a consilium ("council") of senior officials, as well as the right of the defendant to employ legal counsel.
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As the school was also the Judges' Lodgings, all the pupils were given a holiday when the Assize Judge visited. The school moved to 38 St Giles' in 1879 Sherwood, Jennifer, and Pevsner, Nikolaus, The Buildings of England: Oxfordshire, Penguin Books, 1974. . Page 317. but by then the head was Matilda Ellen BishopCaroline Bingham, ‘Bishop, Matilda Ellen (1842–1913)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 10 October 2016 as Benson was obliged to resign again due to illness.
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England (and, following the Act of Union 1707, Great Britain), laid down the cornerstones of the concept of individual liberty. In 1066 as a condition of his coronation William the Conqueror assented to the London Charter of Liberties which guaranteed the "Saxon" liberties of the City of London. In 1100 the Charter of Liberties is passed which sets out certain liberties of nobles, church officials and individuals. In 1166 Henry II of England transformed English law by passing the Assize of Clarendon.
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14 Hopkins states in his book The Discovery of Witches (1647)The Discovery of Witches – In Answer to Several Queries, Lately Delivered to the Judges of Assize for the County of Norfolk; London; 1647 that he "never travelled far ... to gain his experience".Cabell 2006: p. 15 In the early 1640s, Hopkins moved to Manningtree, Essex, a town on the River Stour, about from Wenham. According to tradition, Hopkins used his recently acquired inheritance of a hundred marksGaskill 2005: p.
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Chronicles of the mayors and sheriffs of London translated by H.T. Riley (1863); 'Liber Albus', ed. H.T.Riley, Munimenta Gildhallae Londoniensis, i, (1859), pp.319-32 Since the devastating fire of Stephen's reign had gutted all London, FitzAilwin was decided that some efforts should be made to bring in Regulations to build houses in stone. The Assize of Nuisance was described by Bracton in his Notes as being applicable to property freeholders, so the damage had to be seen to be believed.
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In 1181, the Assize of Arms forbade Jews from owning a hauberk or chain mail. The York Massacre of 1190, one of a series of massacres of Jews across England, resulted in an estimated 150 Jews taking their own lives or being immolated. The earliest recorded images of antisemitism are found in the Royal tax records from 1233. In 1253, Henry III enacted the Statute of Jewry placing a range of restrictions on Jews, including segregation and the wearing of a yellow badge.
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Other civilizations produced generally accepted measurement standards, with Roman and Greek architecture based on distinct systems of measurement. The collapse of the empires and the Dark Ages which followed them lost much measurement knowledge and standardisation. Although local systems of measurement were common, comparability was difficult since many local systems were incompatible. England established the Assize of Measures to create standards for length measurements in 1196, and the 1215 Magna Carta included a section for the measurement of wine and beer.
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In 1936, Wallace-Johnson was arrested for sedition after publishing an article in the African Morning Post condemning Christianity, European civilisation and imperialism. The colonial governor proposed that he be deported in lieu of being put on trial. After Wallace- Johnson accepted this offer, the governor went back on his word and had the political activist placed on trial in front of the Assize Court. Wallace- Johnson travelled to London to appeal his conviction and to also establish connections for the WAYL.
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Probably born before 1175, he served under King Richard I in Normandy in 1194. By April 1206 he had been knighted and was one of the panel of knights holding land in Kent who were eligible to sit in the Grand Assize. In or before 1208, he gave land at Fobbing to the nuns of Barking Abbey. Though he normally met calls for military service by payment in cash, in 1210 he went in person with King John to Ireland.
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The Statute of Winchester of 1285 (13 Edw. I, St. 2; Law French: '), also known as the Statute of Winton, was a statute enacted by King Edward I of England that reformed the system of Watch and Ward (watchmen) of the Assize of Arms of 1252, and revived the jurisdiction of the local courts. It received royal assent on . It was the primary legislation enacted to regulate the policing of the country between the Norman Conquest and the Metropolitan Police Act 1829.
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During the processing of the vehicle, the police found sex toys and a camera with images that included the scenes described by the hitchhiker. On 23 October 1990, the Saône-et-Loire Assize Court condemned Pierre Chanal to 10 years in prison. He was taken to the prison in Dijon, where he requested to be placed in solitary confinement. Both during and after the trial, Chanal did not speak at all. He was released from prison on June 16, 1995.
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John Wesley, the Anglican cleric and Christian theologian (also one of the founders of Methodism) preached the Assize Sermon at the church on 10 March 1758. During the 19th century St Paul's adopted the Anglo-Catholic tradition of the Church of England, where it remains. As a result, the Sisters of Saint Etheldreda began to be associated with the parish from 1869. Architectural work to the church in the 19th century includes the tower and spire, transepts, choir stalls, quire and quire roof.
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This friendship led to McCall's appointment as Attorney General and Queen's Serjeant to the Duchy of Lancaster. He was elected as a Bencher of the Middle Temple in 1918. He was made a Commissioner of the Assize and K.C.V.O. (Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order) in 1921 and was also appointed as Registrar of the Railway and Canal Commission in the same year. He was senator of the University of London and President of the Huguenot Society of London in 1923.
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He fought at the Battle of Queenston Heights and later served on the jury at the Bloody Assize of 1814. In 1814, he relocated to West Flamborough Township, which was located further from the border with the United States, and set up a small industrial centre there. He became a justice of the peace and was elected to the 8th Parliament of Upper Canada representing Halton in 1820. In 1822, he became a director of the Bank of Upper Canada.
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Swanton died at the age of about 56 in 1661 for on 20 November 1661 his post as Clerk of Assize was vacant. Swanton married firstly Prudence Povey, daughter of Laurence Povey of North Mimms, Hertfordshire and had at least three sons and two daughters. He married secondly by licence dated 3 July 1661 Philippa Phillipps, widow of James Phillipps, pewterer, of St. Magnus Corner, New Fish Street, London and daughter of William Povey, dyer of All Hallows the Less, London.
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William I, original enactor of the Forest Law in England, did not harshly penalise offenders. The accusation that he "laid a law upon it, that whoever slew hart or hind should be blinded," according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is little more than propaganda. William Rufus, also a keen hunter, increased the severity of the penalties for various offences to include death and mutilation. The laws were in part codified under the Assize of the Forest (1184) of Henry II.
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Locational surnames were usually acquired by those former inhabitants of a place who moved to another area, and were thereafter best identified by the name of their birthplace. The modern surname can found as "Latham", "Lathom", "Laytham", "Leatham", "Lathem", "Latam", and "Leedham" . The first recorded spelling of the surname is shown to be that of Robert de Latham (witness), which was dated 1204, in the "Yorkshire Assize Court Rolls", during the reign of King John, known as "Lackland", 1199 – 1216.
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The Assize of Weights and Measures, one of the statutes of uncertain date from , defined the as 12 sacks' worth, equivalent to 24 weys, 336 London stone, or 4200 merchants' pounds (about 1835 kg).. & & The last subsequently varied with the different values given to the sack of wool. The flax and feather lasts were 1700 avoirdupois pounds (about 770 kg). The English Ordnance Board defined the as 24 barrels of 100 avoirdupois pounds each (2,400 lbs. or about 1090 kg).
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They depicted lawgivers from history, along with a "drunk woman", a "good woman", a scene of the Judgment of Solomon and carvings depicting different punishments throughout history. As part of the court system changes, the assize court system in Manchester was abolished in 1956 and changed to the Crown Court system. The courts building was severely damaged in the Manchester Blitz in 1940 and 1941. It was said that everything was destroyed except the Great Ducie Street facade and the judges' lodgings.
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Bread consumption was high in most of Western Europe by the 14th century. Estimates of bread consumption from different regions are fairly similar: around of bread per person per day. Among the first town guilds to be organized were the bakers, and laws and regulations were passed to keep bread prices stable. The English Assize of Bread and Ale of 1266 listed extensive tables where the size, weight, and price of a loaf of bread were regulated in relation to grain prices.
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John of Mettingham (died 1301) was an English judge. He served as a law clerk for Gilbert of Preston starting in 1265. After Preston's death Mettingham was appointed as a justice for the newly formed Assize Court in 1274. In 1278 a pair of permanent Eyre circuits were formed, and Preston was assigned to the northern one, sitting as a junior justice on every eyre on that circuit until 1288 and as Chief Justice for the Dorset sitting in 1288.
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Wells Town Hall The Town Hall was built in 1778, with the porch and arcade being added in 1861 and the balcony and round windows in 1932. It is a Grade II listed building. It replaced the former on the site of the Market and Assize Hall in the Market Place, and a Canonical House also known as 'The Exchequer', on the authority of an Act of Parliament dated 1779. The building also houses the magistrates courts and other offices.
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The life of the Parliament of 1848-49 lasted briefly and already the so-called Gaeta decree of 28 February 1849 Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies began to take possession of Sicily, and 14 May the assize was dissolved.Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions Reconstitution of the Parliament came at the end of World War II, when for the vast defuse separatist movement in Sicily, was granted special autonomy and was reborn, 25 May 1947, in Palermo, as Sicilian Regional Assembly.
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1557), lived at this time, but was married to Sir Bernard Drake (d.1586) of Ash, known to have died from gaol fever at the notorious Lent Black Assize of Exeter from 14 March 1586 held at Exeter Castle Fortescue of Filleigh and Weare Giffard John Burke A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain, Volume 4 in North Devon, ancestor of the present Earl Fortescue. The ancient family of Upton originated at the Cornish manor of Upton.Vivian, p.
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He appears to have been Recorder of Coventry in 1450; he was made Escheator of Worcestershire, and in 1447/8 was under-sheriff of the same county; he became sergeant-at-law in 1453 and was afterwards a Justice of Assize on the northern circuit. In 1466 he was made a judge of the common pleas, and in 1475 a knight of the Bath. He died, according to the inscription on his tomb in Worcester Cathedral, on 23 August 1481.
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Brown, Atholl and the Death of James I, p. 28 Atholl participated at the assize that sat over the 24/25 May 1425 that tried and found the prominent members of the Albany Stewarts guilty of rebellion—their executions followed swiftly. James granted Atholl the positions of Sheriff of Perth and Justicier and also the earldom of Strathearn but this, significantly, in life-rent only—acts that confirmed Earl Walter's policing remit given by Albany and his already effective grip on Strathearn.
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Janice leMaistre was appointed to the Provincial Court of Manitoba on November 23, 2006. Judge leMaistre graduated from the Faculty of Law at the University of Manitoba in 1991. She completed her articles with Manitoba Justice and worked in the Crown's office until her appointment to the bench, developing expertise in matters involving child abuse, elder abuse, spousal abuse prosecutions, inquests, and assize and appellate work. More recently, she held the position of supervising senior Crown attorney in the family violence unit.
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An earlier guildhall was built for a Guild of Merchants on the site in the 13th century. The current building, which was designed by Richard Shackleton Pope in the Gothic Revival style, was completed in 1846, incorporating fragments of the earlier Guildhall on the site. The building included statues created by John Thomas of Bristol and stained glass from Rogers of Worcester. It was extended, to designs by T. S. Pope and J. Bindon, to accommodate the assize courts in 1867.
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The words "clerk of assize, clerk of the peace or other" in the amendment of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1867 were repealed by section 56 of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to the Courts Act 1971. The amendments of the Assizes Relief Act 1889, the Summary Jurisdiction (Appeals) Act 1933 and sections 20 and 29 of the Criminal Justice Act 1948 were repealed by section 56 of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to the Courts Act 1971.
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However other local towns, settlements and castles were directly attacked with Grosmont and Abergavenny being razed and Crickhowell Castle and Newport Castle successfully attacked. Over the centuries, as its defensive function diminished, the outer bailey of the castle became increasingly used as a market place, later (and now) known as Agincourt Square. During the sixteenth century, when Monmouth became the county town of the newly formed shire of Monmouth, the county's Courts of Assize began to be held in the castle's Great Hall.
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Jenkins further described it as: > a large and commodious Inn, with elegant apartments and accommodation for > people of the first Quality, with a large assembly-room in which are held > the Assize Balls, Concerts and Winter assemblies, of the most distinguished > persons of the City and County. In the front is a neat Coffee-room: the > situation of the Hotel is very pleasant, as it opens to the Parade, and > commands a noble view of the Cathedral.Jenkins (1806), p. 317.
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The Female Prison, now part of York Castle Museum daffodils were planted on the side of the motte. They flower annually around the anniversary of the massacre of Jews at the castle in 1190. York Prison finally closed in 1929, and the Tudor Gothic Victorian prison buildings were demolished in 1935. The Assize Courts building now houses the York Crown Court, while the former Debtors' Prison and Female Prison, together with a modern entrance area, are now the Castle Museum.
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Morpeth was founded at a crossing point of the River Wansbeck. Remains from prehistory are scarce, but the earliest evidence of occupation found is a stone axe thought to be from the Neolithic period. There is a lack of evidence of activity during the Roman occupation of Britain, although there were probably settlements in the area at that time. Morpeth is recorded in the Assize Rolls of Northumberland of 1256 as Morpath and Morthpath, and was also archaically spelt Morepath.
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He became a bencher at Middle Temple in 1947 and served as Treasurer in 1967, reforming the inn's governance and finances. He was Gresham Professor of Law from 1946 to 1950. In addition to his legal practice, he continued with part-time judicial office, serving as a Commissioner of Assize and investigating allegations of corruption in the Gold Coast in 1946. He was Recorder of Stoke- on-Trent from 1943 to 1954, and leader of the Oxford circuit in 1953 and 1954.
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Old town of Uzerche From the 15th Century Uzerche's development went from strength to strength. Louis XI visited the city in 1463 and decided to assign half the seats of the royal assize court from his Senechal to Uzerche. Manly newly created nobles (noblesse de robe) settled in Uzerche, building hostels, great houses and castles such as Chateau Pontier, Hotel des Joyet de Maubec, Maison Boyer-Chammard, Maison Eyssartier, Maison de Tayac and Hotel Becharie. This continued through to the 16th Century.
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On 9 January 1586, Drake was knighted by Elizabeth at Greenwich in recognition of his success. A couple of months later, the surviving Portuguese prisoners, whom Drake had had imprisoned in Exeter, were put on trial, the charge perhaps being mutiny. The trial during the notorious Black Assize of Exeter from 14 March 1586 was held at Exeter Castle. Within little more than three weeks, many of the men of the trial succumbed to disease, as they had been exposed to the Portuguese prisoners, who also succumbed.
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Claude then slices the Directors skull open with the axe and kills him. Immediately afterwards, Claude tries to kill himself with the scissors by repeatedly stabbing them into his own chest. But Claude does not die, and a judicial inquiry begins in which he admits murdering the Director and gives the reason as being that he felt like it. He then becomes ill for a few months as a result of his wounds, and when he has fully recovered, he appears before the assize court of Troyes.
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The charges against Nadarkhani were later changed to apostasy and evangelism, the same charges he was initially arrested under in 2006. On 21–22 September 2010, Nadarkhani appeared before the 11th Chamber of The Assize Court of the province of Gilan and received a death sentence for the charge of apostasy. Nadarkhani's lawyer, Nasser Sarbaz, claims there were numerous procedural errors during Nadarkhani's trial. After conviction, Nadarkhani was transferred to a prison for political prisoners, and denied all access to his family and attorney.
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The name was first found in Crompton, England, where the family held a seat from the middle ages. The Crompton family have a well documented history. Crompton first appears as a family name when the De La Legh family (Norman settlers from the Norman conquest) changed their name to indicate the Anglo-Saxon township they had obtained and settled in during the 13th century. In turn the Crompton family name can be traced back to the time of Magna Carta to the Assize Roll for 1245.
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His house became the resort of John Wesley and others of the Oxford society whenever they came to Manchester, and Wesley on several occasions preached from his pulpit. George Whitefield also delivered one of his stirring addresses in Clayton's chapel. When Wesley was contemplating his mission to Georgia, he visited Manchester to take the opinions of Clayton and Byrom. Clayton acted as chaplain to Darcy Lever, LL.D., high sheriff of Lancashire in 1736, and published the assize sermon which he preached at Lancaster in that year.
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West served as a Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court (then called the Superior Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery) from May 1787 to May 1790.Manual - the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (1891), p. 208-13. While a judge, West was also a leader in the rural opposition to the adoption of the Constitution, known as the "Country Party (Rhode Island)". The party supported honoring paper money as legal tender, and the party was in power from 1786 through 1790.
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The first records of de Brome are as a collector of food supplies in Dorset in 1297, in April 1298, he was in Ireland, from November 1299 was in charge of the assize of corn and wine and in the same year led troops from Yorkshire to Carlisle for a campaign in Scotland. In 1305 he was auditing accounts of the papal tithes, and in 1312 assessing tallage in the midlands.Catto, Jeremy, 'Brome, Adam (d. 1332)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
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He is listed as a trustee of the King's Inns in 1731. Six years earlier he and Gilbert's successor as Chief Baron, Bernard Hale, had narrowly escaped death or serious injury when on assize at Monaghan: the courthouse, like most Irish courthouses of the time was in a serious state of disrepair, and the roof fell in. The judges, unhurt, concluded the assizes in the open air. He lived at Capel Street in Dublin and at Grangemellon in County Kildare, where he was buried in 1743.
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He was an active president of the Council of the North, judging on assize, and reviving the archiepiscopal mint. He was present with Parker at the interviews Elizabeth had in 1561 with De Quadra as to possible reunion through a general council. He was given charge of the young Charles Stuart, son of the Countess of Lennox, and ordered to repress the Catholic tendencies of the family. In his archiepiscopal visitation he claimed the right to visit the diocese of Durham, but was resisted.
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This is the earliest recorded instance of a motto being assumed by a serjeant on occasion of his call. In 1486 he was sworn of the council. On 18 May 1488 he was appointed steward of Dover Castle, on 10 May 1489 he received a commission of justice of assize for Norfolk, and on 14 August following he was appointed king's serjeant. Lloyd says that he opposed the subsidy of a tithe of rents and goods demanded for the expenses of the war in Brittany.
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In April 1660, Cornwallis was elected Member of Parliament for Eye in the Convention Parliament. He was created Knight of the Bath on 23 April 1661. In 1661 he was re-elected MP for Eye in the Cavalier Parliament and sat until 1662 when on the death of his father he inherited the peerage. He became J.P. in 1662 and as county magistrate, he was one of the appointees at the assize who oversaw a test of an accused women in the Lowestoft Witch Trial.
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St. Thomas' Church Stourbridge was listed in the 1255 Worcestershire assize roll as Sturbrug or Sturesbridge. The medieval township was named for a bridge which crossed the River Stour. It lay within the manor of Swynford or Suineford (now Old Swinford), which appears in William the Conqueror's Domesday Book of 1086. In 1966, the Stourbridge border between Worcestershire and Staffordshire, which for centuries had been marked by the River Stour, was moved a couple of miles north when Amblecote was incorporated into the Borough of Stourbridge.
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The name of Newdigate refers to a place at the gate or path to a wood. Surviving manuscripts such as manorial rolls, Assize Rolls and Feet of Fines give forms including Newdegate (13th century), Newedegate and Neudegate (15th century) and Nudgate (16th century). The name Ewood (Iwode in Feet of Fines 1312) occurs in the parish and might derive from Old English for a forest of yew-trees, in which case the 'N' survives from a prefix such as 'in' (O.E. 'on') or 'at the' (O.
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Retrieved 19 October 2006. Each shire was responsible for gathering taxes for the central government; for local defence; and for justice, through assize courts. The power of the feudal barons to control their landholding was considerably weakened in 1290 by the statute of Quia Emptores. Feudal baronies became perhaps obsolete (but not extinct) on the abolition of feudal tenure during the Civil War, as confirmed by the Tenures Abolition Act 1660 passed under the Restoration which took away knight-service and other legal rights.
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The judicial system of Ivory Coast has been found to often be unreliable. According to the Human Rights Watch 2018 World Report, the system is slowly being strengthened. The report praised the country for holding the courts of assize more often, the expansion of its court system, and its establishment of a legal aid fund. The report also criticized what it called "fundamental problems," however, including the lack of judicial independence and an excessive use of pretrial detention, especially in cases involving political figures.
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A pub sign of the Bakers Arms, Fulbourn near Cambridge, showing the coat of arms of the Worshipful Company of Bakers The Worshipful Company of Bakers is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. The Bakers' Guild is known to have existed in the twelfth century. From the Corporation of London, the Guild received the power to enforce regulations for baking, known as the Assize of Bread and Ale. The violations included selling short-weight bread and the addition of sand instead of flour.
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He made the King's Court the common court throughout England, carefully defining its jurisdiction and those of the church, the lords, and the sheriff. He made it the guardian of the King's peace, with uniform protection for everyone. The Tractatus was the culmination of Henry's efforts, the means to implement his objectives. That this is attributable to legal evolution over his reign, rather than to sudden change, is shown by its purposeful inclusion of the principles of his earlier reforms such as the Assize of Clarendon.
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During the reign of James II, Daly was made a judge of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland) and a Privy Councillor. In 1689 he was sent as a judge of assize to Munster. In the same year however he was threatened with impeachment by James's Patriot Parliament, after he allegedly insulted that assembly by comparing it to the mob incited by Masaniello, the Neapolitan revolutionary leader of the 1640s. After the downfall of James II he was dismissed from the Bench and outlawed for a time.
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He acquired an extensive practice as an advocate, and in 1525 he was made a Justice of the King's Bench and knighted. He was on the commission for gaol delivery at York, and in June went on the northern circuit as justice of assize. He was also a member of Princess Mary's council. In 1535 he was placed on the commission of oyer and terminer for Middlesex to try John Fisher and Thomas More, and in the following year was similarly employed with regard to Anne Boleyn.
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From the 1350s onwards the castle had little military use and was increasingly allowed to fall into disrepair. The castle became the centre for the administration of the county of Oxford, a jail, and a criminal court. Assizes were held there until 1577, when plague broke out in what became known as the "Black Assize": the Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire, two knights, eighty gentlemen and the entire grand jury for the session all died, including Sir Robert D'Oyley, a relative of the founder of the castle.
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In the reign of King John (during 1166 – 1216), 'Ralph de Horne' (of Kenardington), was one of the recognitores magnæ assisæ, or justices of the great assize. Then in 1276, King Edward granted land containing the manor to Matthew Horne (Ralph's son). A chapel was soon built afterwards. The domestic chapel allowed the Horne family to attend services conveniently at home rather than obliging them to travel to the parish church, and receipt of the licence for worship was an indicator of the family's high status.
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Assize courts were held in Abingdon from 1570, but in the 17th century it was vying with Reading for county town status. The county hall and court house were built between 1678 and 1682, to assert this status. The building, now the Abingdon County Hall Museum, was reputedly designed by Christopher Kempster, who worked with Sir Christopher Wren. However, Abingdon's failure to engage fully with the railway revolution, accepting only a branch line, sidelined the town in favour of Reading which became the County Town in 1869.
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Musolino was born in Santo Stefano in Aspromonte, in a rugged area of Calabria, in southern Italy. He worked as a woodcutter in the Aspromonte area of Calabria, an isolated and mountainous region near the "toe" of the Italian "boot". On September 24, 1898, at the trial before the Assize Court of Reggio Calabria, despite the evidence brought by Musolino, the false testimonies of Rocco Zoccali and Stefano Crea, had helped sentence Musolino on September 28 to 21 years in prison for attempted murder.Biografia di un bandito.
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The words "the Crown Court" were substituted for the words "a court of assize or quarter sessions" by section 56 of, and paragraph 34(3) of Schedule 8 to, the Courts Act 1971. See section 48(1) of the Criminal Justice Act 1967. Section 72A(2) was amended by section 103(1) of, and paragraph 14 of Schedule 6 to, the Criminal Justice Act 1967. Section 72A(3) was amended by section 103(1) of, and paragraph 15 of Schedule 6 to, the Criminal Justice Act 1967.
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His time in the House of Commons was said to be undistinguished. He mainly spoke on legal issues and Irish Home Rule, and was said to never have entered the important House of Commons Smoking Room on grounds that he did not smoke. In 1896, Darling was appointed commissioner of assize for the Oxford circuit. The Liberal opposition accused him of having vacated his seat by accepting an office of profit under the Crown, but Darling was able to point out that he accepted no payment.
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His dissatisfaction with the government of the restoration was shown in his conduct of some political trials. For his opposition in 1820 to a law by which any person might be arrested and detained on a warrant signed by three ministers, he was summoned before a court of assize, but acquitted. Although intimate with Lafayette and others, he took no share in their schemes for the overthrow of the government, but in 1827 he joined the association known as "Aide-toi, le ciel t'aidera".
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Only the great hall of the Norman castle is still standing, surrounded by steep earthworks marking the inner bailey. The hall dates from about 1180–1190 and according to Nikolaus Pevsner (in his The Buildings of England: Leicestershire and Rutland): The building is attractively ornamented with Romanesque architectural details, including six carvings of musicians. It is a Grade I listed building. The hall was in use as an assize court until 1970 and is still occasionally used as a coroner's court or Crown Court.
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As well as hearing civil cases, the Samedi division of the Royal Court also hears criminal cases. There are three ways in which a case can be tried: by the Inferior Number of the Royal Court, by an assize sitting or (for sentencing only) by the Superior Number. Interior of Royal Court looking from the public gallery The Inferior Number of the Royal Court tries offences (termed 'contraventions') defined in statute law or (where the defendant agrees) offences against customary law. It also deals with bail applications.
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After qualifying Thambiah practised law. Thambiah also worked as a visiting lecturer University of Ceylon and Ceylon Law College and an examiner at the Council of Legal Education between 1938 and 1953. He obtained a PhD from the University of London in 1949 and in 1954 he was called to the Inner Temple. In 1956 he became a QC. He then joined the judicial service in 1956, serving as a Commissioner of Assize for five years before being appointed to the Supreme Court in 1960.
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VIII from undersheriff he became Recorder of London, an office he filled until 1520. Foss says he represented the city of London in the parliaments of 1511 and 1515, the returns of members to which parliaments are stated to be 'not found' in the House of Lords' Report. In the parliament of 1523 he was one of the triers of petitions. In June 1519 he appears as a junior justice of assize for the Norfolk circuit. He became a judge of the common pleas and knight in 1520,Fines levied Easter, 12 Hen.
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Coat of arms of the kingdom of Jerusalem.The Assise sur la ligece (roughly, "Assize on liege-homage") is an important piece of legislation passed by the Haute Cour (High Court) of Jerusalem, the feudal court of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, in an unknown year but probably in the 1170s under Amalric I of Jerusalem. The Assise formally prohibited the illegal confiscation of fiefs and required all the king's vassals to ally against any lord who did so. Such a lord would not be tried, but would be stripped of his land or exiled instead.
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The inhabitants of Wiltshire have always been addicted to industrious rather than warlike pursuits, and the political history of the county is not remarkable, being affected only by events of national importance that affected most regions. In 1086, after the completion of the Domesday Survey, Salisbury was the scene of a great council, in which all the landholders took oaths of allegiance to the king. and a council for the same purpose assembled at Salisbury in 1116. At Clarendon in 1166 was drawn up the assize which remodelled the provincial administration of justice.
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The first instance of a grand jury can be traced back to the Assize of Clarendon in 1166, an Act of Henry II of England. Henry's chief impact on the development of the English monarchy was to increase the jurisdiction of the royal courts at the expense of the feudal courts. Itinerant justices on regular circuits were sent out once each year to enforce the "King's Peace". To make this system of royal criminal justice more effective, Henry employed the method of inquest used by William the Conqueror in the Domesday Book.
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This section created a rule committee made up of the Lord Chief Justice, a judge of the High Court of Justice, a Clerk of the Peace, a Clerk of Assize, a Chairman of the Quarter Sessions, a Recorder and "another person having experience in criminal procedure".Indictments Act 1915 s.2(1) The committee had the power to suggest changes to the rules governing indictments, which would be placed before Parliament for forty days and passed as a Statutory Instrument if no objections were raised.Indictments Act 1915 s.
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Freeman (1993) p.94 In December 1943 a judge was taken ill, and Denning was asked to take his place as a Commissioner of Assize. This was regarded as a 'trial' for membership of the judiciary, and Denning was appointed Recorder of Plymouth on 17 February 1944. On 6 March 1944, while arguing a case in the House of Lords, Denning was taken aside by the Lord Chancellor and told that he wanted Denning to become a judge at the High Court of Justice in the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division.
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Kama's major career started in 1969 when he became a Magistrate in Senegal, and an Examining Judge in Diourbel (Senegal) from 1969 to 1973.United Nations Factsheet He was then appointed Deputy Public Prosecutor from 1973 to 1974 and Public Prosecutor in Thiès from 1974 to 1978.United Nations Factsheet He served as Assistant Public Prosecutor at Dakar's Court of Appeal and the Assize Court for 15 years.The New York TimesUnited Nations Factsheet In 1992, Kama was appointed First Assistant Public Prosecutor at the Supreme Court of Appeal.
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Online database article number 3500. Early in Edward II's reign de Brome was one of the King's Clerks of Chancery, he was twice ordered to take charge of the Bishop of Durham's seals until its vacancy was filled.Rannie, David, Oriel College (1900) — published by F. E. Robinson & Co. London (Part of the University of Oxford College Histories series) pp.3-13 After 1311 he was given a variety of judicial offices, as justice of assize, commissioner of oyer and terminer, and as a justice dealing with crimes against the wool customs.
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A penny bun or a penny loaf was a small bread bun or loaf which cost one old penny at the time when there were 240 pence to the pound. A penny loaf was a common size loaf of bread in England regulated by the Assize of Bread and Ale act of 1266. The size of the loaf could vary depending on the prevailing cost of the flour used in the baking. The nursery rhyme London Bridge Is Falling Down has a version which includes the line "Build it up with penny loaves".
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Designed by Aston Webb & Ingress Bell of London after an open competition in 1886, assessed by architect Alfred Waterhouse, to provide the first assize courts in the rapidly growing town of Birmingham, it is faced entirely in deep red terracotta from the clay of Ruabon in North Wales and covered in intricate terracotta ornamentation. A statue of Queen Victoria by Harry Bates surmounts the main entrance. Other figures are by sculptor William Silver Frith to designs by Walter Crane. The rear of the building is less elaborately decorated.
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She took Louisa (then aged eleven) out on a walk, but returned to the house alone, claiming that the girl had fallen accidentally into a ditch. Her mother and husband found her behaviour suspicious, and she was quickly taken into police custody. A search was made for Louisa, whose body was soon found lying in a pool of water in a ditch. Kidder was remanded in custody until her trial could take place at the Kent Spring Assize, where she was convicted of murder on 12 March 1868.
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In 1817, he was made a Baron of the Exchequer and a Serjeant-at-Law, forcing his resignation from Parliament, and he spent the next 15 years as a judge. He was not particularly successful in the commercial cases the Exchequer specialised in, but when on Assize, used his criminal law knowledge from his years at the Bar to great effect. On his resignation in 1832 he was made a Privy Councillor, a sign of the respect HM Government had for him. He died on 24 September 1840.
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The castle area became the regular place of executions in York in the early 1800s, replacing the Tyburn on the Knavesmire. The new gallows were completed on 8 March 1801 at a cost of £10 and 15 shillings and were first used for the execution of a cattle thief, Samuel Lundy, on 11 April 1801. Condemned criminals were hanged in this space, known as 'the Drop', between the Assize Courts and the bailey wall until 1868. From 1868 to 1896 executions took place inside the prison walls at the north end of the Female prison.
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King Henry II instituted the custom of having judges ride the circuit each year to hear cases, rather than requiring every citizen to bring their cases to London (see Assize of Clarendon). Thus, the term "circuit court" is derived from the practice of having judges ride around the countryside each year on pre-set paths − circuits − to hear cases. Especially on the United States frontier, a judge might travel on horseback along with a group of lawyers. Abraham Lincoln was one such attorney who would ride the circuit in Illinois.
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From 1687 onward a determined effort was made by the English Crown to replace Protestant judges with Catholics, and O'Neill was appointed a judge largely on account of his religion: Ball noted that he had only about fifteen years practice at the Bar.Ball p.304 He became a justice of assize in Ulster in 1687 and the following year was appointed justice of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland). He served for barely a year before the Glorious Revolution; but no action seems to have been taken against him.
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The highest court is the Court of Cassation. The Court of Cassation is the supreme judicial court and the head of all judicial courts in Belgium. It has jurisdiction to overturn judgments and orders which are final in their nature for defect as being contrary to law, and the right to transfer actions and suits from one court to another. The chief courts are The Civil and Criminal Courts and The Commercial Courts. There are also special courts, which are The Assize Court, The Military Court, Workmen’s Court and The Juvenile Court.
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Robert was a King's clerk and royal justice in the reign of Henry II.Gaydon and Pugh, Colleges of secular canons: Shrewsbury, section 4 Some of the cases in which he was involved are known. For example, on 11 February 1189 Robert was one of the justiciars who helped settle a suit precipitated by an assize of novel disseisin concerning Lilleshall Abbey over disputed land at Hencott, north of Shrewsbury.Eyton, Volume 6, p.368 A year or two later, he was a justiciar in a long-running case involving land at Longford.
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This assize lasted for almost 6 months, which must have seriously interfered with his private practice, although he did receive a salary of £29, which was then a very large sum, as well as his expenses.Hart, A.R. History of the King's Serjeant- at- law in Ireland Four Courts Press 2000 p.19 He became Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas in 1358, and held that office for 20 years.Ball p.83 In 1359-61 the English Crown was faced with a serious rebellion in Leinster led by the O'Byrne clan and the MacMurrough-Kavanaghs.
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He is recorded to have matriculated at St John's College, Cambridge in 1549. In 1577, Anderson was created Serjeant-at-Law and in 1578 he was appointed Queen's Sergeant. In 1581 he was appointed Justice of Assize on the Norfolk circuit and tried Edmund Campion and others for high treason in November 1581, securing an unexpected conviction. This set the pattern for the rest of his career: as a judge he was notorious for severity to Catholics and non-conformists, markedly so in the cases of John Perrot and John Udall, the puritan minister.
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He is accused of rape by his niece and indicted in September 2010, for acts which allegedly took place in 1999 in a family home in Morbihan [1] A trial was held in May 2014 at the end of which he was sentenced by the Morbihan Assize Court to three years in prison . On May 27, 2014, he appealed against this judgment . an appeal which he renounced in November 2014 . In 1991 he became one of the few photographers to be awarded the title Peintre de la Marine (Official Painter of the French Navy).
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He was made recorder of Worcester in July 1646. The Commons ordered him and others to hold assizes in the counties of Gloucester, Monmouth, and Hereford. Subsequently, he was ordered to go the Oxfordshire and Hampshire circuits. As judge of assize he condemned Captain John Burley to be hanged at Winchester for causing a drum to be beaten for 'God and King Charles' at Newport, Isle of Wight, to rescue the captive king, while he directed the grand jury to ignore the bill of indictment against Major Edmund Rolph for plotting to murder the king.
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He became a judge of the King's Bench division of the High Court in 1913, receiving a knighthood. Work at the King's Bench involved him in criminal cases which had been outside his experience as a barrister but he established a high reputation as a criminal judge. Harold Cooke Gutteridge observed that "at least two of the most experienced Clerks of Assize of the period regarded his as one of the best criminal judges of his generation." Reputedly, Atkin enjoyed his six years at the King's Bench more than any others of his legal career.
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Atherington Church, Devon, of Sir Arthur Basset (1541-1586) of Umberleigh and his wife Eleanor Chichester Atherington Church, Devon, of Sir Arthur Basset (1541-1586) shows arms of Basset impaling Chichester Bassett died of Gaol Fever in 1586 whilst serving in his judicial role at the notorious Lent Black Assize of Exeter from 14 March 1586. Eight other judges or Justices of the Peace also died of the same fever. In his will dated 18 October 1585 he asked to be buried "honestly and decently" beside his wife. He died before 7 April 1586.
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In 1965 he got his first judicial appointment as Recorder of Grantham. He served as chairman of the Rutland Quarter Sessions from 1966 until 1971, and of the Bedford Quarter Sessions from 1969 to 1970, and was Commissioner of Assize in 1971. He became a circuit judge later that same year, based in Bedford, and transferred to the Old Bailey in 1982. There he presided over some well-publicised trials, such as those of safe deposit robber Valerio Viccei and Winston Silcott, the killer of P.C. Keith Blakelock.
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In 1966, the Council of Ministers decided to build new buildings to house the Courts of Justice:Mons – Les Cours de Justice, Régie des Bâtiments, Service de presse, Bruxelles, juin 2007. Assize Court, Labour Court, Court of Appeal, Court of Commerce, ... The choice is the site of the former "Hall of exposure." The Building Authority designated as architects for the project the Office Aura (John Bartholomew). The triangular shape of the land has created interior spaces, decreasing in height and width, forming a sort of "cathedral space" underlined by a continuous central luminous line.
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Ten men would eventually stand trial at Maidstone Assizes in early August, the rest having been discharged by the assize grand jury.Reay 1990: 159 Two (Thomas Mears and William Price) were charged with the murder of the brother of the constable and nine (Thomas Mears, Edward Curling, Alexander Foad, William Foad, Richard Foreman, Thomas Griggs, Charles Hills, Edward Wraight, and William Wills) with the murder of Lieutenant Bennett, with one, Thomas Mears, charged with both murders.Reay 1990: 159; The Times, 11 Aug 1838, p. 6 Thomas Mears and William Price stood trial first.
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During the War of 1812, he served with Isaac Brock and fought at the Battle of Queenston Heights. On the death of John Macdonell, he became acting attorney general for the province at the age of 21. He prosecuted the case of 18 settlers from Norfolk County who had committed treason by taking up arms against their neighbours on behalf of the Americans in a series of trials later referred to as the "Bloody Assize". When D’Arcy Boulton returned to Canada in 1814, Robinson was given the post of attorney general.
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The Black Assize of Exeter 1586 was another notable outbreak. During the Lent assizes court held at Taunton in 1730, gaol fever caused the death of the Lord Chief Baron, as well as the High Sheriff, the sergeant, and hundreds of others. During a time when persons were executed for capital offenses, more prisoners died from 'gaol fever' than were put to death by all the public executioners in the British realm. In 1759, an English authority estimated that each year, a quarter of the prisoners had died from gaol fever.
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University College, the predecessor of the University of Bristol, was founded in 1876 and the former Merchant Venturers Navigation School became the Merchant Venturers College in 1894. This later formed the nucleus of Bristol Polytechnic, which in turn became the University of the West of England. The Bristol Riots of 1831 took place after the House of Lords rejected the second Reform Bill. Local magistrate Sir Charles Wetherall, a strong opponent of the Bill, visited Bristol to open the new Assize Courts and an angry mob chased him to the Mansion House in Queen Square.
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It was built by J. Parnell & Sons; heating was by G.N. Haden; the stone was carved by Farmer & Brindley; ceramic tiles were made by W. Godwin; the stained glass was by R.B. Edmundson and F.T. Odell; decorative iron work was by R. Jones and; the plaster ceiling roses were made by J.W. Hindshaw.Cunningham & Waterhouse, p. 241 Waterhouse designed the Shire Hall at Bedford in two phases (1878–81) and (1881–83), that acted as the town's assize courts. Gothic in style was built from dark red brick and red terracotta with a slate roof.
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For this crime, he was given a 7-year sentence by the Assize Court of Val-de- Marne, for rape under the threat of a weapon. In 1990, Trémeau was released from prison, and was hired as a storekeeper at a hardware store. His behavior towards his female colleagues was not abnormal, with Patrick successfully seducing several of them, but they quickly left him, which greatly affected Trémeau, who couldn't stand break-ups. Everything went well until 1992, where he made several suicide attempts because of break-ups, before abruptly quitting his job.
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HM Prison Manchester is a high-security men's prison in Manchester, England, operated by Her Majesty's Prison Service. It is still commonly referred to as Strangeways, which was its former official name derived from the area in which it is located, until it was rebuilt following a major riot in 1990. It is a local prison, holding prisoners remanded into custody from courts in the Manchester area and Category A prisoners (those whose escape would be highly dangerous). Strangeways was designed by Alfred Waterhouse and opened in 1868 alongside the demolished Manchester Assize Courts.
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Bonner (1933) p.6 The Court of King's Bench did act as an appellate body, hearing appeals from the Court of Common Pleas, eyre circuits, assize courts and local courts, but was not a court of last resort; its own records were sent to Parliament to be signed off on. The creation of the Court of Exchequer Chamber in 1585 created a court from which King's Bench decisions could be appealed to, and with the expansion of the Exchequer Chamber's jurisdiction in 1830 the King's Bench ceased to be an appellate court.Weiner (1973) p.
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In 1977, the group was dissolved and some members joined Prima Linea. On July 1977, the police forces discovered a refuge in the countryside near Vescovio (located in Torri in Sabina, Rieti) where UCCs stored weapons and imprisoned kidnapped people. On June 1984, the Assize Court of Appeal of Rome issued 26 sentences against the UCCs, with a period of reclusion between 2 and 31 years. UCC had been active in Calabria, Campania, Lazio, Lombardy, Piedmont, Tuscany and Sicily while 102 people had been investigated by the Italian judiciary.
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Besides an assize sermon, The Influence of Religion in the Administration of Justice, London, 1726, Cox published anonymously translations of two works of Louis Ellies-Dupin, which he entitled The Evangelical History, with additions, London, 1694 (third edition, London, 1703–7), and A Compendious History of the Church, second edition, 4 vols., London, 1716–15. He also translated Plutarch's Morals by way of Abstract done from the Greek, London, 1707, and Panciroli's History of many Memorable Things Lost, 2 vols., London, 1715 (with new title-page, London, 1727).
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Gamon was the author of A Funeral Sermon Upon Ladie Frances Roberts (The Praise of a Godly Woman) (London, 1627), and two Assize Sermons at Launceston in 1621 (Gods Just Desertion of the Unjust) and 1628 (Gods Smiting to Amendment, or, Revengement). A long letter from Degory Wheare to him, dated April 1626, is in Wheare's Epistolæ Eucharisticæ, 1628 (pp. 85–93), and a short epistle is printed in Wheare's Charisteria (p. 133), both of which works are included in Wheare's volume with the general title of Pietas, erga Benefactores.
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Charges of a serious misdemeanor or lesser felonies go to the criminal court directly. In contrast, major felonies are referred to the Court of Appeal for the pretrial hearing. The Court of Appeal decides whether to approve the 's recommendation, and if it does the case is turned over to the Assize Court. Examining magistrates are not involved at trials, although, in France, criminal trials are "in many respects a continuation of the pretrial investigation" with the trial judge acting as the leading figure in the examination of witnesses.
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Sir John Ernley (or Ernle) (1464 – 22 April 1520) was a British justice. He was educated at one of the Inns of Chancery from 1478 to 1480 before being admitted to Gray's Inn. By 1490 he was a particularly conspicuous member of the "Sussex circle" gathered around Edmund Dudley. In his home county of Sussex he maintained a substantial legal practice, serving as feoffee, arbitrator, justice and commissioner, and joining the home assize circuit in 1496 and 1497 as an associate, followed by a position on the county bench in 1498.
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In Scotland, bailie now refers to a municipal officer corresponding to an English alderman. In the 20th century, the court system in England was drastically re-organised, with the assize courts taking some of the powers of the shire courts, and becoming the High Court of Justice; in turn, the remaining elements of the shire court took over the powers of the hundred courts, to form county courts. The High Court acquired the sheriffs, the county courts the bailiffs. Bailiffs were now appointed by a county court judge and were removable by the Lord Chancellor.
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150 Doris Stenton has argued however that it was only some time after the Assize of Northampton that the (purchasable) writ of Mort D'Ancestor itself was introduced, allowing individuals to seek justice for themselves in the royal courts (as opposed to the general enquiries of the two main Assizes).Doris Stenton, 'England: Henry II', in Cambridge Medieval History Vol V (Cambridge 1926) p. 586-7 Whereas Northampton was mainly concerned with lords preventing heirs taking seisin, the new writ also covered the case of competing heirs to the same property.
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On 9 January 1586, Bernard Drake was knighted by Elizabeth I at Greenwich in recognition of his success. A couple of months later, the surviving Portuguese prisoners, whom Drake had had imprisoned in Exeter Castle, were put on trial, the charge perhaps being mutiny. Those who lived came to trial at the notorious Lent Black Assize of Exeter from 14 March 1586 held at Exeter Castle. The prisoners were so weak and ill that Drake was reprimanded by the judge, Edward Flowerdew (died 1586), Baron of the Exchequer, for his neglect.
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The Assize of Bread and Ale () was a 13th-century law in high medieval England, which regulated the price, weight and quality of the bread and beer manufactured and sold in towns, villages and hamlets. It was the first law in British history to regulate the production and sale of food. At the local level, this resulted in regulatory licensing systems, with arbitrary recurring fees, and fines and punishments for lawbreakers (see amercement). In rural areas, the statute was enforced by manorial lords, who held tri-weekly court sessions.
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Page initially concentrated his historical interest on Northumberland. His first article, published in 1888, was about the Northumbrian palatinates and regalities. He followed this with editions of three early assize rolls of Northumberland (1891), the cartulary of Brinkburn Priory (1893), a table of the pontifical years of the bishops of Durham (1896), and an edition of the Edwardine inventories of church goods for County Durham, Northumberland and Yorkshire (1897). Page started to work on aspects of the history of Hertfordshire, where his brother-in-law and sister lived.
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Ball notes that while many of his fellow judges willingly exposed themselves to the dangers of going on assize, Holywood preferred the security of Dublin.Ball p.34 In 1373, in consideration of his good services to the Crown, he was given permission to found a chantry with five chaplains at Holywood and in 1376 was given permission to allow them to choose a warden. The chaplains were required to pray for the souls of Sir Robert himself, his two wives, and Queen Philippa of Hainault, the lately deceased wife of King Edward III.
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In May 1747 Cornell was chosen as the first Chief Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court, which at that time went by the title of the "Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery." He was likely untrained in the common law. In the early days of the Rhode Island Supreme Court, the legislature was distrustful of an independent judiciary and non-lawyer farmers were appointed as justices as late as 1819 (although Cornell likely served as a judge prior to his appointment). His name is misspelled as "Cowell" in Warren's history of the Harvard Law School.
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In January 1693, the new Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize and General Gaol [Jail] Delivery convened in Salem, Essex County, again headed by William Stoughton, as Chief Justice, with Anthony Checkley continuing as the Attorney General, and Jonathan Elatson as Clerk of the Court. The first five cases tried in January 1693 were of the five people who had been indicted but not tried in September: Sarah Buckley, Margaret Jacobs, Rebecca Jacobs, Mary Whittredge (or Witheridge) and Job Tookey. All were found not guilty. Grand juries were held for many of those remaining in jail.
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Soon after the enactment of the Assize, "baking became a very stable industry, and was executed much more professionally than brewing, resulting in towns and villages having fewer bakers than brewers." Because ovens were expensive capital investments and required careful operation, specialized bakeries opened. Bakers were often part of the guild system, which was well-established by the sixteenth century: master bakers instructed apprentices and were assisted by journeymen. In Amsterdam in 1694, for example, the cake-bakers, pie-bakers, and rusk-bakers separated from an earlier Bread Bakers Guild and formed their own guild, regulating the trade.
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They had been taking a mark (money) for offences against the Assize of Bread and Ale, which regulated quantities and prices of these basic commodities; the culprits should have been subjected to the tumbril and pillory, instead of which the monks had been using convictions as a source of profit for their order. They had also been impounding stray animals illegally. Everdon Priory was an alien priory, a subsidiary community to an abbey abroad, in this case in Normandy. This created great difficulties for the priory after John, King of England lost Normandy to the French in 1204.
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About 1500, he followed his father to study law at Gray's Inn, where he served as Reader three times, and in 1521 was created a serjeant, followed next year by gaining his father's old post of Recorder of Norwich. In 1526 he was promoted to King's Serjeant and in 1531 was appointed a Justice of the King's Bench, being sworn in by the Lord Chancellor, Sir Thomas More. Knighted in 1532, he went as a justice of assize on the Northern Circuit, changing to the Home Circuit in 1537. From 1540 he stopped going on circuit and sat at Westminster Hall.
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With the English Civil War under way, this trial was conducted not by justices of assize, but by justices of the peace presided over by the Earl of Warwick.Thomas 1971: p. 545 Four died in prison and nineteen were convicted and hanged. During this period, excepting Middlesex and chartered towns, no records show any person charged of witchcraft being sentenced to death other than by the judges of the assizes.Notestein 1911: p. 201 Hopkins and Stearne, accompanied by the women who performed the pricking, were soon travelling over eastern England, claiming to be officially commissioned by Parliament to uncover and prosecute witches.
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There being no prison within the manor, all decrees or executions issuing from these courts are directed against the goods of the defendant; an appeal from the decision of these courts lies to the judge of assize on the circuit. The courts are held in a suite of rooms, well adapted to the purpose, above the market-house. Petty sessions are held every Wednesday in the market-house, at which six magistrates frequently attend. Two churches were built in the town at the time of the settlement, dedicated respectively to St. Michael and St. Paul, in the reign of Wm. III.
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She pleaded that she was pregnant in an apparent bid to avoid the death penalty. The Law Times reported that "[u]pon this a scene of uncertainty, if not of confusion, ensued, certainly not altogether in harmony with the solemnity of the occasion." The judge commented that "after thirty-two years in the profession, he was never at an inquiry of this sort." Eventually the Clerk of Assize suggested using the archaic mechanism of a jury of matrons, constituted from a selection of the women attending the court, to rule upon the question of whether Webster was "with quick child".
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Although now blackened by industrial pollution, the building has been described as a "rich example of domestic Gothic architecture". Naturalistic carved foliage on the exterior recalls the style of Southwell Minster, and the architecture is influenced by Perpendicular Period and medieval town halls of continental Europe. The building has been likened to Manchester Town Hall, Manchester Assize Courts, the Royal Courts of Justice, and St Pancras railway station, all products of the Gothic Revival architectural movement. The stained glass windows, some of which were designed by William Morris, have been described as "the finest modern examples of their kind".
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The earliest surviving mention of the wood dates from assize records in 1272, and it was known to be owned by the Whitehorse family during the reign of King Edward III. When Oliver Cromwell seized it from the Archbishop of Canterbury its area was measured at , but held only 9,200 oaken pollards. Since the middle ages the woodland has been managed to provide goods of economic worth. The coppices were used to provide timber, charcoal, oak bark, and small wood whilst the commons and pastureland were used for grazing and as a source of turf and firewood.
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Shenk, David. The immortal game, chapter 3, 2006, Anchor Books. Initially there were many differing local Chess games with varying rules or assizes such as Short assize chess, Courier chess and Dice Chess. An important source of medieval games is the Libro de los juegos, ("Book of games"), or Libro de acedrex, dados e tablas, ("Book of chess, dice and tables", in Old Spanish) which was commissioned by Alfonso X of Castile, Galicia and León in 1283.Sonja Musser Golladay, "Los Libros de Acedrex Dados E Tablas: Historical, Artistic and Metaphysical Dimensions of Alfonso X’s Book of Games" (PhD diss.
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The city's name is derived from Ceolmaer's ford which was close to the site of the present High Street stone bridge. In the Domesday Book of 1086, the town was called Celmeresfort and by 1189 it had changed to Chelmsford. Its position on the Londinium – Camulodonum Roman road (the modern A12) ensured the early prosperity of Chelmsford. The town became the seat of the local assize during the early 13th century (though assizes were also held at Brentwood) and by 1218 it was recognised as the county town of Essex, a position it has retained to the present day.
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Open Domesday Online: Coleshill, Warwickshire In 1284/5 John de Clinton, elder, was granted Coleshill Manor by King Henry II, and claimed by prescription within the lordship of Coleshill, Assize of bread and ale, gallows, pillory, tumbrell and court leet, infangthef and utfangthef, a market, fair, and free warren. He died in 1316. His heir was his 12-year-old grandson, John, who subsequently married a daughter of Sir Roger Hilary, and died in 1353 or 1354 leaving one daughter Joan. She had as her first husband Sir John de Montfort, illegitimate son of Sir Peter de Montfort of Beaudesert.
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The castle area became the regular place of executions in York in the early 1800s, replacing the Tyburn on the Knavesmire. The new gallows were completed on 8 March 1801 at a cost of £10 and 15 shillings and were first used for the execution of a cattle thief, Samuel Lundy, on 11 April 1801. Condemned criminals were hanged in this space, known as 'the Drop', between the Assize Courts and the bailey wall (immediately adjacent to the Debtor's Prison) until 1868. From 1868 to 1896 executions took place inside the prison walls at the north end of the Female prison.
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This pew was completely enclosed with lattice work and its front was ornamented with filigree work, presenting the appearance of a box at the opera, and thus named the bird-cage. This was the old manor pew, and was occupied by the judges and High Sheriff at the Assize sermon, and used upon other state occasions. The church also had a pulpit at the front which was nicknamed by the congregation a 'three-decker'. Some of the pews in the body of the church were fitted with brass rails and hangings to make them more private.
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William Douglas was the son of William Longleg, Lord of Douglas and it is supposed by his possible second wife, Constance Battail of Fawdon.Fraser, vol I, p. 62 He first is recorded at an Assize at Newcastle- upon-Tyne in 1256, when his father made over a Carucate of land at Warndon, Northumberland to him. Douglas' father William Longleg was Lord of Fawdon, and had as his superior Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus, Longleg was acquitted of withholding rents by a jury, Umfraville notwithstanding attacked Fawdon, imprisoned Longleg at Harbottle Castle and made off with some £100 sterling of goods.
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At the beginning of the twelfth century, during the reign of Henry I (1100-1135), it was decreed that a yard be "the distance from the tip of the King's nose to the end of his outstretched thumb." However, it wasn't until the reign of Richard I (1197) that we find documented evidence. :Assize of Measures :"Throughout the realm there shall be the same yard of the same size and it should be of iron." Other standardization attempts followed, such as the Magna Carta (1225) for liquid measures, until the Mètre des Archives from France and the establishment of the Metric system.
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In 1250 he was made Canon of Salisbury Cathedral by William of York, another royal justice. In the late 1240s Martin served as an occasional Assize Justice, but did not begin full service as a royal justice until the 1260s. In the first half of 1261 he served as a junior justice on three Eyres led by Gilbert of Preston, and became a senior justice on his own Eyre circuit when Eyres resumed in 1262. His final Eyre was in 1263 in Lincolnshire, although the circuit was never completed due to the outbreak of the Second Barons' War.
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This was part of a Crown policy of appointing English-born judges to the most senior positions on the Irish Bench.Crawford, Jon G. A Star Chamber Court in Ireland- the Court of Castle Chamber 1571-1641 Four Courts Press Dublin 2005 p.269 The policy had only limited success: many English judges (though by no means all) complained of the dampness of the Irish climate,His colleague Henry Gosnold, on the other hand, praised the Irish climate for its mildness and, due to the bad roads and the. level of serious crime, they often refused to go on assize.
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Again, in the 1852 United Kingdom general election, he stood as the Conservative candidate for , but was unsuccessful against two Whigs, Thomas Phinn and George Treweeke Scobell. As Treasurer of the Inner Temple, Whateley gave evidence in 1854 to a parliamentary committee looking into the Inns of Court. Asked about the importance of Latin and Greek for barristers, he stated "I believe that it is of great importance to the Profession to make it a gentleman's profession, and to make its foundation a liberal education." He was recorder of Shrewsbury, and at times sat as a judge in assize courts.
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The Local Government Act 1888 created County Councils to replace the Court of Quarter Sessions and elections in 1888 brought about the county council's launch. From A History of the first Berkshire County Council: Berkshire County Council established its meeting place in the assize courts in Reading. Meanwhile the administrative staff and committee rooms of the County Council were accommodated in the shire hall next door. Following the Local Government Act 1972, the council found a need to move to bigger premises at Shire Hall in Shinfield Park in the winter of 1980/1981, at an estimated cost of £27.5 million.
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Ormonde kept his promise, and In January 1683 Lyndon was raised to the Bench as justice of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland). He was sent regularly to Ulster as justice of assize. In 1686-7 he was engaged in a dispute with his colleague Thomas Nugent as to which of them had precedence in Court: they are said to have quarrelled "as briskly as two women". He seems to have been in some financial difficulty at this time, as he petitioned the Crown for a licence to export wool, as a means of providing for his family.
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Sources are unclear as to what actually happened aboard the ship, but it is known that virtually the entire crew, including the captain, was replaced before the next voyage. On May 12 President Arthur sailed on her second voyage to Palestine, counting Hemda Ben-Yahuda, the widow of Hebrew linguist Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, among her passengers. During the trip, an altercation between a Steward and the ship's master-at-arms resulted in the death of the latter while the ship was in Naples. Though the steward was arrested by Italian authorities, he was acquitted of murder by the Assize Court at Naples.
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She earned a first-class London degree in 1916. In 1919 she married Frank Stenton, who held the first chair of history at Reading and was already known as a medievalist.Major "Stenton, Doris Mary, Lady Stenton (1894–1971)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Even before her marriage, however, Stenton had begun work on the transcription of the charters of the cathedral chapter of Lincoln Cathedral. This project led to the first of Stenton's editorial jobs, the edition of The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls, A.D. 1202–1209 which was published by the Lincoln Record Society in 1926.
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Thomas Carew died aged 68 on 28 March 1586 of "Gaol Fever",Jenkins, Alexander, Civil and Ecclesiastical History of the City of Exeter and its Environs, 2nd edition, Exeter, 1841, p. 125 following his attendance as a magistrate at the notorious Black Assize of Exeter. His monumental brass survives in Haccombe Church, on the floor of the chancel, near those of his wife and his great- grandfather Nicholas Carew (died 1469). Sir Rivers Carew Bt assigned the Manor of Haccombe with Combeinteignhead to Colonel Gerald Arnold, together with the Patronage of the Benefice of Haccombe, Combeinteignhead.
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Keble, In 1833, his famous Assize Sermon on "National Apostasy" gave the first impulse to the Oxford Movement, also known as the Tractarian movement. It marked the opening of a term of the civil and criminal courts and is officially addressed to the judges and officers of the court, exhorting them to deal justly. Keble contributed seven pieces for Tracts for the Times, a series of short papers dealing with faith and practice. Along with his colleagues, including John Henry Newman and Edward Pusey, he became a leading light in the movement but did not follow Newman into the Roman Catholic Church.
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Berkshire County Council originally established its meeting place in the assize courts in Reading and accommodated the administrative staff and committee rooms of the County Council were in the old Shire Hall next door. However following the Local Government Act 1972, which increased the geographical responsibilities of the County Council, the Council felt the need to move to larger premises. The new Shire Hall, which was designed in the Brutalist style to accommodate both the meeting place and the offices of the County Council, was completed in 1981. The estimated cost of the move was £27.5 million.
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Lord Selborne, the Lord Chancellor who oversaw the passage of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, merging the Common Pleas, Exchequer, King's Bench and Court of Chancery into one body, the High Court of Justice. The unintended outcome of these compromises was that by the end of Charles II's reign, all three common law courts had a similar jurisdiction over most common pleas, with similar processes. By the 18th century, it was customary to speak of the "twelve justices" of the three courts, not distinguishing them, and assize cases were shared equally between them.Baker (2002) p.
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Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives. CP 40/647; seventh entry, with John Langton as the defendant in a plea of debt brought by the Henry, the Prior of Combewell, Kent. The village has, for a long time, gathered most of its income from the Roman road Watling Street that passes through the parish from north-west to south-east, and anciently from a market that was established in the village in 1228. At one time the county Assize Courts were held in Little Brickhill, making it adversely larger than nearby Great Brickhill.
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Eleanor, the king's sister, was a child of about twelve at the time of the grant: she was to be a living link between the leadership of the baronial opposition to successive kings, as she later married Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester. Almost immediately the abbey became locked in a conflict with local landowners. The abbot and convent were accused of encroaching on the common pasture by erecting buildings and possibly sowing crops. Roger of Lench, possibly the lord of the manor, and Stephen of Lench, initiated an assize of novel disseisin to prevent them, perhaps on behalf of the commoners.
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The seizure of Harborne manor threw into question Maragaret's right to dispose of anything appertaining to it, including the advowson. Although Thomas had held Harborne only as part of his function as sheriff, he laid claim to it and the linked manor of Smethwick in 1221. In June 1222 the Court of Common Pleas made an investigation into whether Thomas of Erdington, now deceased, had seisin of Harborne on the day of the death, as this materially affected the inheritance of his son, Giles. Margaret attended the assize with her second husband, Fulk de Breauté, and neither objected to it.
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The verdict went in favour of James, but he died before his uncle, without having regained possession of his estates. A workload as heavy as Marlay's was bound to affect his health, and from 1749 onwards he was too unwell to go on assize; he retired on health grounds in 1751. He died in Drogheda in 1756, while on a visit to his colleague Henry Singleton. He was a popular figure and his death seems to have been genuinely mourned: a Dublin paper published verses praising his gentleness, perfect manners and scholarship (the last being rather unusual among Irish judges of the time).
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London: Bloombury, 2009, , page 116 Eventually, Dio gained for Prusa the right to become the head of the assize-district, conventus (meaning that Prusans did not have to travel to be judged by the Roman governor), but eleutheria (freedom, in the sense of full political autonomy) was denied.Simon Swain, ed., Dio Chrysostom: Politics, Letters, and Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2002, , p.68 Luna marble and Proconessian marble, 2nd century AD, from Ostia Antica Eventually, it fell to Pliny, as imperial governor of Bithynia in 110AD, to deal with the consequences of the financial mess wrought by Dio and his fellow civic officials.
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In 1645, he was elected to parliament for the city of Lancaster. In the following year, on the newly remoulded section of the local church, his name appears on the list of laymen for the presbytery of Furness. In 1648, Oliver Cromwell named him a commissioner for the safety of the county, and in 1649 he was nominated vice- chancellor of the duchy and attorney for the county palatine. From 1650–1 he was chosen as bencher of Gray's Inn, and is recorded as being at that time a judge of assize for the Chester and North Wales circuit.
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In 1511 he accompanied his father on the western circuit as clerk to the assize, and he held this position until 1528. In addition to his father's lands in Wiltshire and Oxfordshire he inherited in 1523 the Cambridge estates of his cousin, Thomas Fynderne. His title was disputed, but Cardinal Wolsey decided in his favour, and also made him clerk of the Privy Council. Elyot, in a letter addressed to Thomas Cromwell, says that he never received the emoluments of this office, while the empty honour of knighthood conferred on him when he was displaced in 1530 merely put him to further expense.
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John Fortescue's De Laudibus Legum Angliæ (In Praise of the Law of England, 2nd edition, 1660). He regained the King's favour in the late 1290s, and was appointed as an Assize judge in September 1300 by Antony Bek, rejoining the King's council by the end of that year. After the death of John of Mettingham in 1301, Hengham was selected to replace him and was appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, with records showing he was absent from the position only once (in 1302). He was reappointed in 1307 by Edward II but was replaced by Sir William Bereford in 1309.
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The fotmal (, "foot-measure"; ), also known as the foot ('), formel, fontinel, and fotmell, was an English unit of variable weight particularly used in measuring production, sales, and duties of lead. __NOTOC__ Under the Assize of Weights and Measures, it was equal to 70 Merchants' pounds and made up of a load of lead.. & & Elsewhere, it was made of 70 avoirdupois pounds and made up load. According to Kiernan, in 16th-century Derbyshire, the fotmal was divided into "boles" and made up of a fother, meaning it was considered to be 84 avoirdupois pounds. It continued to be used until the 16th century.
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Ironically, having worked so hard to become Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas, Yorke found that he was unsuited to the office. In particular, like many judges in Ireland at the time, he found going on assize an ordeal, and he may already have begun to suffer from the kidney stones which caused him such agony in later life. Even before Singleton died in 1759 Yorke was hoping to take his place – in the end he settled for another sinecure, Chancellor of the Exchequer of Ireland.London Chronicle 31 March 1761 In 1761 he was created a Baronet, of Dublin.leighrayment.
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Gilpin was in the habit of giving medical advice as well as spiritual counsel to his flock. By his purchase of the manor of Scaleby Castle, some twenty miles north of Greystoke, beyond Carlisle, he acquired a public position in the county. He was appointed Visitor to Durham College, for which Oliver Cromwell issued a patent on 15 May 1657. At the Restoration, Gilpin was one of the most prominent religious leaders in the north of England, and was offered the see of Carlisle, which he refused. He preached at Carlisle at the opening of the assize on 10 September 1660.
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The service sector is the main driver of the city economy, especially in the presence of public and private offices (law firms and professional). The city is the seat of the court, prison, police, Court of Assize, Judiciary Police, firefighters, health organizations, general hospital, high school, universities and other offices of decentralization of the Italian Agency of Revenue. From the point of view of trade, the development of Palmi is served primarily by small business, especially apparel and clothing boutiques, bars and restaurants, mostly located in the historic center. The other main source of the city's economy is tourism.
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And William comes and defends his right to hold in the Lord's name, and he puts forward his great assize of the Lord King and seeks to have his seisin recognized, as is aforesaid, whether he should have the greater right of holding than Cicely the land of William Devereux, her grandfather and by whom she herself stakes her claim of the land, he (William Devereux) gave his mother, Orenge. Cicely received a marriage-portion to hold of him if she held this in the Lord's name. Day is given them on the octave of St. Martin, and then come the fourth. etc.
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Piers also offended strict Sunday Sabbatarians; the judges of assize had forbidden unlawful Sunday meetings, and ordered that the prohibition should be read by the ministers in the parish church. These orders were reissued in 1632 by Justice Richardson, which Piers opposed the following year using the only available precedent St Gregory's Case. Laud, finding this interference with episcopal jurisdiction, wrote to Piers to obtain the opinion of some of the clergy of his diocese as to how the wakes were conducted. However, by 1636, only 140 of 469 in the Canterbury Province had complied with the ruling.
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Following the 1806 Penryn election, Hawkins was found guilty of bribery by a parliamentary committee and dispossessed of his seat, but unusually was not barred from the House. Since he had also been elected MP for Grampound and for Mitchell, he remained in the House of Commons, albeit under considerable censure. The Attorney General had been asked to take up the charge and Hawkins was sent for trial at Bodmin Assize Court in 1808, but was there acquitted. The political reformer William Cobbett attended and reported on the trial, and was less than impressed by its outcome.
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In 1836, the use of counties as local government units was further developed, with grand-jury powers extended under the Grand Jury (Ireland) Act 1836. The traditional county of Tipperary was split into two judicial counties (or ridings) following the establishment of assize courts in 1838. Also in that year, local poor law boards, with a mix of magistrates and elected "guardians" took over the health and social welfare functions of the grand juries. Sixty years later, a more radical reorganisation of local government took place with the passage of the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.
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It is said that members for Henley sat in parliaments of Edward I and Edward III, but no writs have been found to substantiate this. The existing Thursday market, it is believed, was granted by a charter of King John. A market was certainly in existence by 1269; however, the jurors of the assize of 1284 said that they did not know by what warrant the earl of Cornwall held a market and fair in the town of Henley. The existing Corpus Christi fair was granted by a charter of Henry VI. During the Black Death pandemic that swept through England in the 14th century, Henley lost 60% of its population.
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The pub has always been associated with on-site brewing, and served its own beer from 1533. Elizabeth Ridon, who leased out the premises, is recorded as the owner in 1550. In 1576 Humphrey Langridge, "beer-brewer at Wandsworth", is recorded as the brewer and landlord in assize court records following a burglary at The Ram (also recorded as "the Rame" in 1581, still with Langridge in chargeHelen Osborn, Britain's oldest brewery: the story behind the success of Young's of Wandsworth, page 33, Young & Co., 1999, ). Records from 1675 show that the brewery was run by the Draper family, and in the 18th century, the Trittons purchased the brewery.
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He was conscientious in going on assize and was regular in attendance at the Court of Castle Chamber (the Irish equivalent of Star Chamber). After two years he was promoted to the office of Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench in Ireland. Winch, like many (though by no means all) transplanted English officials, disliked the Irish climate and complained of its effect on his health, and also grumbled about the lack of staff to support him and the "humiliating" fees he received.Crawford, Jon G. A Star Chamber Court in Ireland- the Court of Castle Chamber 1571–1641 Four Courts Press Dublin 2005 p.
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Next year appeals for felony or treason were abolished by statute.2 "Wager of Law" () was a right of a defendant in actions of simple contract, debt and detinue. It superseded the ordeal (itself called lex in the Assize of Clarendon and other 1 The medieval court of chivalry had both civil and criminal jurisdiction, and was held jointly by the lord high constable and the earl marshal. The last sitting of a court of chivalry for criminal business in England was in 1631; and as a civil court (for cases of honour and questions of precedence) it gradually decayed through want of power to enforce its decisions.
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For an extensive list of cases of trial by battle from this time, see Bigelow's Placita Anglo-Normanica (1066-1195). Around 1219, trial by jury replaced trial by ordeal, which had been the mode of proof for crown pleas since the Assize of Clarendon in 1166. With the emergence of the legal profession in the thirteenth century, lawyers, guarding the safety of the lives and limbs of their clients, steered people away from the wager of battle. A number of legal fictions were devised to enable litigants to avail themselves of the jury even in the sort of actions that were traditionally tried by wager of battle.
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Within a few years, despite his relative youth, his health failed. In 1701, although he felt well enough to travel on the spring assizes, he fell ill at Ennis and died "after two days sickness" at the house of Mr David England, who was later paid £3 by the Crown for caring for him. Burke suggests that Hely, like many judges of the time, found that the strain of going on assize (in particular enduring the ordeal of the notoriously bad Irish roads) was too much for his constitution to bear.Burke, Oliver Anecdotes of the Connaught Circuit Dublin Hodges Figgis and Co 1885 p.
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Dr. A.J. Stirland. Raising the Dead: the Skeleton Crew of Henry VIII's Great Ship the Mary Rose. (Chichester 2002) As cited in It was the difficulty in using the longbow that led various monarchs of England to issue instructions encouraging their ownership and practice, including the Assize of Arms of 1252 and Edward III of England's declaration of 1363: If the people practised archery, it would be that much easier for the king to recruit the proficient longbowmen he needed for his wars. Along with the improving ability of gunfire to penetrate plate armour, it was the long training needed by longbowmen that eventually led to their being replaced by musketeers.
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"Transactions of the Greenwich Antiquarian Society Vols 1-2 p. 153 (1907) Charles North, London "In cases of death by violence, and in Somersetshire amongst other counties, also in cases of death by misadventure, it was further the duty of the coroner, as the King's officer, not to lose an opportunity of recovering the murdrum, or murder fine which the district could only escape by a proper presentment of Englishry. This was a fruitful source of revenue. How common these fines were in the rough days of the 13th century a glance through the pleas of the crown in the assize rolls suffices to show.
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Previously, criminal cases that were not dealt with by magistrates were heard by assize courts and quarter sessions courts, in a system that had changed little in the preceding centuries. The Crown Court system is administered by Her Majesty's Courts Service, an Executive Agency of the Ministry of Justice. England is divided into six regions by HMCS (London, Midlands, North East, North West, South East and Western), with the whole of Wales forming a seventh region. Section 78 of the Supreme Court Act 1981 provides that the Crown Court can conduct business at any location in England and Wales, in accordance with directions given by the Lord Chancellor.
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Barely eight months after taking office Deane died suddenly in May 1715, just after returning from his first assize. According to popular belief, as reported by his friend Archbishop King, his death was due to catching cold while watching the solar eclipse of May 3, 1715, as the weather was exceptionally cold and wet for May.Mason, William Monck The History and Antiquities of the Collegiate and Cathedral Church of St. Patrick's Dublin Dublin 1820 Elrington Ball more prosaically states that his death was probably due to gout.Ball, F. Elrington The Judges in Ireland 1221-1921 John Murray London 1926 He was buried in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.
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Detail of left gable, with coats of arms 1–3 Churchyard Side was built in 1864–66 to a design by Alfred Waterhouse as the Nantwich branch of the Manchester and Liverpool District Bank. Although Waterhouse is best known for the Natural History Museum in London, he practised in Manchester until 1865 and many of his earlier buildings are in that city, including the assize courts (1859–64), Strangeways Prison (1862–69), Owens College (1873) and the town hall (1877). Richard Beckett and Thomas Bowker were contractors. The bank opened on 2 June 1866, replacing the branch at 9 Mill Street, which had opened in 1852.
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Acton held the stock until he extracted a pledge for 30 marks that Devereux owed him, and for default of this money Devereux released 13 marks of rent of assize for the term of his life from the annual rent that Acton owed him. Devereux requested peace from further duress, and claimed that due to these he would be unable to go with Lord Edmund back to Gascony when called to muster on 1 November.William Devereus (Devereux) Petition to the King, c. 1295. United Kingdom National Archives, Kew. SC 8/329/E929 William was granted an exemption from the Tenth to be collected in 1295, and did return to Gascony.
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A reconstruction of Edward I's chambers at the Tower of London in England A number of royal castles, from the 12th century onwards, formed an essential network of royal storehouses in the 13th century for a wide range of goods including food, drink, weapons, armour and raw materials.Pounds (1994), p. 101. Castles such as Southampton, Winchester, Bristol and the Tower of London were used to import, store and distribute royal wines. The English royal castles also became used as gaols – the Assize of Clarendon in 1166 insisted that royal sheriffs establish their own gaols and, in the coming years, county gaols were placed in all the shrieval royal castles.
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The Crown Court system was established by the Courts Act 1971, which came into force on 1 January 1972, following the recommendations of a Royal Commission chaired by Lord Beeching. Previously, criminal cases that were not dealt with by magistrates were heard by assize courts and Quarter Sessions courts, in a system that had changed little in the preceding centuries. The Crown Court system is administered by Her Majesty's Courts Service, an Executive Agency of the Ministry of Justice. England is divided into six regions by HMCS (London, Midlands, North East, North West, South East and Western), with the whole of Wales forming a seventh region.
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Heilbron was appointed as Recorder for Burnley in November 1956, the first appointment of a woman as Recorder, although not the first time one had sat. (Sybil Campbell was appointed a metropolitan stipendiary magistrate in 1945, and Dorothy Knight Dix was the first woman to preside at a jury trial in 1946, as deputy recorder of Deal). In 1957, she was the first woman to sit as a Commissioner of Assize. Elizabeth Lane was appointed the first female judge in the County Court in 1962 and of the High Court in 1965, but Heilbron was appointed as the first female judge to sit at the Old Bailey on 4 January 1972.
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The jury found that William had contravened his tenants' historic rights and deprived them of pasture they required for their animals through enclosures designed to improve his estate. He counter-sued the prioress and others for breaking down his fence. However, Sarah and the other tenants won their cases. It seems that White Ladies was dogged in defending common pasture. In 1305 the prioress of the time, possibly still Sarah, arraigned an assize of novel disseisin to assert her rights against William Wycher, who seems to have been particularly aggressive in enclosing commons after taking control through marriage of the manor of Blymhill, which neighboured the priory demesne.
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A square tower, the Observatory Tower, stands on top of the first mound, standing above the outer walls to dominate the city of Lincoln. The second mound is crowned by the 'Lucy Tower', which was probably built in the 12th century and was named after Lucy of Bolingbroke, the Countess of Chester until 1138. The grounds also contain remains of Lincoln's Eleanor cross, an oriel window moved from Sutton Hall and incorporated into the main gate, and the bust of George III from the Dunston Pillar. On the western side of the castle site is an ivy- clad building built in 1823 as the Assize courts.
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Section 99 of Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873 provided that "From and after the commencement of this Act, the Counties Palatine of Lancaster and Durham shall respectively cease to be Counties Palatine, so far as respects the issue of Commissions of Assize, or other like Commissions, but not further or otherwise; and all such Commissions may be issued for the trial of all causes and matters within such counties respectively in the same manner in all respects as in any other counties of England and Wales."William Downes Griffith and Richard Loveland Loveland. The Supreme Court of Judicature Acts, 1873, 1875, & 1877\. Second Edition.
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Given the capacity of feudal justice for delays (essoin)s, and the arbitrariness of its methods of judgement (duel, ordeal), 12th C England had ample room for an alternative method of settling property disputes; and Henry II – acclaimed by Walter Map as one "clever in devising new and undiscovered legal procedure"Quoted in D. Baker ed., The Early Middle Ages (London 1966) p. 145 – saw in the Grand Assize a means of preserving social order, avoiding the violence of self-help in the countryside, and at the same time of increasing royal revenue at the same time through the judicial system.J. R. Tanner ed.
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304 The last charge was certainly not true of Lynch, but Ball notes that when he was appointed a High Court judge he had barely more than twelve years experience at the Irish Bar. James' new judges were barely in office when he was decisively defeated by William III. In the confusion of the years 1688-90 the status of the Irish High Court judges was uncertain, but most continued to act in their judicial capacity, including Lynch, who went on assize in Leinster, and was said to be working with William, who was in any case too preoccupied with other matters to give much attention to reform of the judiciary.
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By the 18th century, it was customary to speak of the "twelve justices" of the three courts, not distinguishing them, and assize cases were shared equally between them.Baker (2002) p.50 In 1828, Henry Brougham complained that The purpose of Brougham's speech was to illustrate that three courts of identical jurisdiction were unnecessary, and further that it would create a situation where the best judges, lawyers and cases would eventually go to one court, overburdening that body and leaving the others near-useless. In 1823, 43,465 actions were brought in the King's Bench, 13,009 in the Common Pleas and 6,778 in the Exchequer of Pleas.
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A detailed ownership and account of royal rights is set out in sources covering this period of history, such as the Feet of Fines and the Assize Rolls kept in the royal collections and The National Archives, but which is well summarised in, for example, the Victoria County History. A rebuilding followed in 1685 as the early Jacobean architecture house was reported to be ruinous. This change led to a much smaller building. In 1672 the lands were granted to Lord Holles and others to hold in trust for Queen Catherine of Braganza for her life, and afterwards for Charles II of England and his heirs.
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The foundation stone of this building had been laid on 28 June 1838, but, Elmes being successful in a competition for the Assize Courts in the same city, it was finally decided to include the hall and courts in a single building. Consequently, Elmes prepared a fresh design, and construction work commenced in 1841. He superintended its progress until 1847, when because of failing health, he was compelled to delegate his duties to John Weightman (City Surveyor) and Robert Rawlinson (Structural Engineer) and leave for Jamaica, where he died of consumption on 26 November 1847. Charles Robert Cockerell took over supervision of the project in 1851.
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The grand jury at the next assize presented Bold for the sermon and also for the Plea, and he was cited before the court of William Gulston, Bishop of Bristol, where he was accused of having "writ and preached a scandalous libel". Bold wrote answers to these charges, but he was commanded, on pain of suspension, to preach three recantation sermons. Meanwhile, in the civil courts, a further offence was there alleged against him that he had written a letter befriending a dissenting apothecary in Blandford. For the letter and the two publications he was sentenced to pay three fines, and Bold was seven weeks in prison before they were paid.
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He entertained the lord-deputy at Bunratty and marched out to oppose Tyrone's progress southwards, but no battle was fought, and Tyrone returned without having even seen an enemy. Next year, after holding an assize at Limerick in February, at which sixteen men were hanged, Thomond again went to England, probably with the object of obtaining the governorship of Connaught and of securing the union of Clare with Munster. He delayed there, then set out by Bristol, and, landing at Castlehaven on 11 November 1601, proceeded to Kinsale, where he took a prominent part in the siege. After the surrender of Kinsale he proceeded through Munster, established himself in Bere Island.
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Ormesby continued to act as a judge under King Edward II of England, though it is not known whether he continued at the king's bench. William continued to be summoned with the judges to parliament until his death and served as justice of assize in the eastern counties, especially Norfolk and Suffolk. In April 1311, Ormesby was appointed with three others to act as justices of common pleas in the liberties of the bishopric of Durham. Ormesby died before 12 June 1317, which was the date his executors were ordered to send to the crown the rolls, writs, and other records in his possession as justice itinerant in the eastern counties.
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Newgate, the old city gate and prison In the early 12th century, Henry II instituted legal reforms that gave the Crown more control over the administration of justice. As part of his Assize of Clarendon of 1166, he required the construction of prisons, where the accused would stay while royal judges debated their innocence or guilt and subsequent punishment. In 1188, Newgate was the first institution established to meet that purpose. A few decades later in 1236, in an effort to significantly enlarge the prison, the king converted one of the Newgate turrets, which still functioned as a main gate into the city, into an extension of the prison.
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A British Victorian six pence customs revenue stamp. Originally, the term customs meant any customary payments or dues of any kind (for example, to the king, or a bishop, or the church), but later became restricted to duties payable to the king on the import or export of goods. A centralised English customs system can be traced to the Winchester Assize of Customs of 1203, in the reign of King John, from which time customs were to be collected and paid to the State Treasury. HM Customs was established on a more permanent basis with the passing of legislation in the reign of King Edward I: the nova custuma of 1275.
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March law persisted in use on the Anglo-Scottish border, often against the wishes of English monarchs, (Edward I, for example, attempted to abolish it in favour of a uniform common law system), for several reasons. Firstly, although there was a northern assize circuit in operation in mediaeval times, " as the kings of England quickly learned after 1237, the substantive and procedural rules of the common law were ill-equipped to cope with the problems attendant on the establishment of an artificial political boundary." In particular, it was impossible to use the common law procedures to obtain redress and reparation from those who gave alleigance to another country.Neville, 1998, p.
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In 1625 the McGoverns planned an uprising against the English government. On 21 August 1625, the Fermanagh Assize Judges wrote from Enniskillen to the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland as follows-Calendar of the state papers relating to Ireland preserved in the Public Record Office, 1625-[1670], Volume 1 We received news of it on arriving at Enniskillen from the Archbishop of Cashel and Sir William Cole. The Maguires of Fermanagh and Magawrans of Cavan were the leaders. They proposed to raise arms in anticipation of a Spanish landing, to surprise the castles, and to take back their confiscated lands now in the hands of undertakers.
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In 1661 he was taken out of a meeting in Staffordshire, and, for refusing the oath of allegiance, carried to prison. On 2 December 1662 he arrived in Chester at the end of the assize. On the following Sunday he entered Chester Cathedral during the anthem, and when the singing ceased attempted to speak, but was hastily removed and confined in the castle. In February 1682 he was fined £20 and sent to prison for offering prayer at the burial of a quaker woman in her husband's garden at Keel, Staffordshire, the priest having threatened to arrest the corpse if Wollrich did not pay the fees.
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Alfred Waterhouse (19 July 1830 - 22 August 1905) was an English architect, particularly associated with the Victorian Gothic Revival architecture, although he designed using other architectural styles as well. He is perhaps best known for his design for Manchester Town Hall and the Natural History Museum in London, although he also built a wide variety of other buildings throughout the country. Besides his most famous public buildings he designed other town halls, the Manchester Assize buildings—bombed in World War II, and the adjacent Strangeways Prison. He also designed several hospitals, the most architecturally interesting being the Royal Infirmary Liverpool and University College Hospital London.
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On the other hand, he was a fine barrister, and gave a particularly effective performance in the celebrated Annesley peerage case of 1745, which inspired the novel Kidnapped by Robert Louis Stevenson. He was elected Recorder of Cork in 1728, but decided not to take the appointment, for reasons which are not clear. He accepted the Recordership of Dublin in 1733 and held that office until 1750. Though he acted as a judge of assize in 1741, he never became a High Court judge; some attributed his failure to the enmity of Hugh Boulter, the influential Archbishop of Armagh, who had a habit of meddling in judicial appointments.
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It seems that her grant of the advowson to Halesowen Abbey came some years later, probably after 1226, when Fulk died. It also seems that she gave the manor of Harborne itself to Halesowen Abbey around the same time. In January 1238 the abbot of Hales was involved in an assize of darrein presentment (an action to challenge the appointment of a cleric) over Harborne against the bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, Alexander de Stavenby. The case was said to involve the prebend of William of Kilkenny, a royal servant with a living at Lichfield Cathedral, who was then on a mission to the Roman Curia.
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Through the Middle Ages in the many records nationally (such as Assize Rolls and feet of fines), Ockham features no high nobles among its owners. However it is the birthplace of William of OckhamOld claims that he was born in a hamlet of Ockham in Yorkshire have since before 1997 been countered by a mass of more local records indicating that his birthplace was in Surrey. See the famous mediaeval philosopher and the proponent of Occam's razor. Byron's daughter, Ada Lovelace, lived briefly at Ockham Park before settling at Horsley Towers, which her husband the 1st Earl of Lovelace built in the village of East Horsley.
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The Crompton family has a well-documented history and can be traced back to the time of Magna Carta, appearing in the Assize Roll for 1245. Crompton is indigenous to the township, and first appears as a family name in the 13th century, when the locality's principal landowner, Hugh de la Legh, changed his family name to "de Crompton" (of Crompton), to reflect the estate he possessed. The family owned a large historic house by the name of Crompton Hall, on the site of Crompton Fold. Crompton Hall first appears in historical records as early as 1442, owned by Thomas de Crompton and his family.
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After the Norman conquest of England, which introduced Norman legal concepts into medieval England, the English King's powerful judges developed a body of precedent that became the common law. suggests that there may have been some importation of Islamic concepts as well, but others have shown that occasional similarities are more likely coincidence than causal. In particular, Henry II instituted legal reforms and developed a system of royal courts administered by a small number of judges who lived in Westminster and traveled throughout the kingdom. Henry II also instituted the Assize of Clarendon in 1166, which allowed for jury trials and reduced the number of trials by combat.
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William Gilpin, visiting Monmouth on his Wye Tour, described the castle's decline by the end of the 18th century; "The transmutations of time are often ludicrous... formerly the palace of a king, and birth-place of a mighty prince: it is now converted into a yard for fatting ducks". Great Castle House was built in 1673, on the site of the old round tower, by Henry Somerset, 1st Duke of Beaufort. It is a Grade I listed building, and has been described as "a house of splendid swagger outside and in". It later became used for the Assize Courts, until they relocated to the new Shire Hall in 1725.
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Every département in France has its own Cour d'assises. In the past, their verdicts could not be appealed to the court of appeal, and prior to 2001, could only be appealed to the French Court of Cassation, which would review the case on points of procedure and law alone. When reversed, which was uncommon except for the death penalty, the Court would refer the de novo trial to another Assize court. One argument in favor of this practice was that allowing appeals to be made to professional judges after a verdict had been rendered by a popular jury would in essence deny popular sovereignty.
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In the Constitutions of Clarendon of 1164, Henry II of England laid down the principle that “If a dispute shall arise...concerning advowson and presentation to churches, let it be treated and concluded in the court of the king”.D. Baker ed., The Early Middle Ages (London 1966) p. 192 While a controversial element in his (generally controversial) demarcation of church and state,See further "Investiture Controversy#Origins" in practice advowsons remained lay property in England; and some time after the 1166 Assize of Clarendon - probably around 1179 - Henry introduced the writ of Darrein Presentment, to provide a speedy judgement in cases of advowson dispute.
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A college of arbitration was created to settle some of the disputes arising from the project, in which Fulci appeared as the lawyer representing the municipality. His success in winning a major dispute on behalf of the municipal authorities significantly accelerated the aqueduct's completion. Fulci's advocacy skills were also on display when he teamed up with fellow- lawyer Francesco Crispi to head up the defence team for the posthumous retrial as to facts held at the assize court in Rome, following the execution in Trieste of Guglielmo Oberdan. Trieste at this time was still an Austrian city subjugated, according to Italian nationalists, to a form of illegitimate military occupation.
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He believed in a small, fixed duty (trade tariff) on corn, sought Anglican Church reform and an end to taxes on knowledge. Beauclerk was the only person, according to a letter from Mary Shelley to Claire Clairmont, to support Shelley's son Percy Florence Shelley's bid to become MP.The Journals of Mary Shelley, 1814–44, Ed. Paula R. Feldman and Diana Scott-Kilvert, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press (1995): Appendix III, 601. He was with two others appointed by the Irish Assize judges as High Sheriff of County Down for 1839,The Belfast News-Letter (Belfast, Ireland), Friday, 23 November 1838; Issue 10579. British Library Newspapers, Part I: 1800-1900.
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In 1355 he was appointed a judge of the Court of King's Bench. When he was on assize in 1356 he was ordered to remove from office the Sheriffs of Oxfordshire and Northumberland. In 1357 he was appointed to a powerful commission to inquire into an alleged affray between a servant of John Gynwell, Bishop of Lincoln and members of the Order of Hospitallers. Ironically (in view of Notton's later office as Irish Chief Justice) the alleged instigator of the affray, Richard de Wirkeley, the Prior of the Hospitallers, was himself a former Lord Chief Justice of Ireland; while the commission included another former Irish Lord Chief Justice, Henry de Motlowe.
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An Act of parliament in 1815 allowed for "erecting a Shire Hall, Courts of Justice and other Buildings, for Public Purposes; and for providing suitable Accommodations for His Majesty's Justices of Assize, in and for the County of Hereford". The Shirehall, which was designed by Charles Heather under the instruction of Sir Robert Smirke in the Classical style, was completed in 1817. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage facing onto St Peter's Square; the central section featured a hexastyle portico with Doric order columns supporting a frieze with triglyphs and a pediment. The principal rooms included a Great Hall, a Grand Jury Room, a library and some courtrooms.
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305 An equilibrium between the courts was eventually reached, but the result was three common law courts (the Exchequer of Pleas, Common Pleas and King's Bench) with near-identical jurisdictions. By the 18th century, it was customary to speak of the "twelve justices" of the three courts, not distinguishing them, and assize cases were shared equally between them.Baker (2002) p.50 In 1828, Henry Brougham complained in Parliament that The result was the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, which unified the Common Pleas, Exchequer, King's Bench and Court of Chancery into one body, the High Court of Justice, with the divisions between the courts to remain.
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Siebenpfeiffer and Wirth were arrested and, among others, put on trial – by jury however – before the court of appeal on a charge of high treason. To prevent further unrest the “assize trial” was transferred from Zweibrücken to Landau. The trial ended with an acquittal from the charge of high treason – however Siebenpfeiffer and Wirth were subsequently put on trial before a police court for affronting authorities. The introduction of the Reichsjustizgesetze on 1 October 1879 saw the court of appeal receive the appellation of “Higher Regional Court”. The “Bezirksgerichte” (district courts) associated with it, in Frankenthal, Kaiserslautern, Landau and Zweibrücken, became “Landgerichte” (county courts).
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In April 1640, Glynne was elected Member of Parliament for Westminster in the Short Parliament. He was re-elected MP for Westminster for the Long Parliament in November 1640. His first major parliamentary triumph was the summing-up of the case against the Earl of Strafford, and he enjoyed a successful career during the commonwealth, becoming a serjeant-at-law, judge of assize, and finally Lord Chief Justice of the Upper Bench, and was a member of the Committee of Both Kingdoms. However, his Presbyterianism put him out of favour of with the army, and he was expelled from Parliament in 1647 and imprisoned in the Tower for almost a year.
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At the quarter sessions they were bailed to appear at the next assize. The judge before whom they appeared was Sir Richard Raynsford, noted for his severity to nonconformists. The grand jury found a true bill against one of them (Simpson); others, including Fairfax, on 'a general suggestion' of the justices who had committed them, that they were persons dangerous to the public peace, were sent to prison by Raynsford until they should find sureties for their good behaviour. After five months in Bury goal, they applied to the Court of Common Pleas for a writ of habeas corpus, which the judges were of opinion they could not grant, and advised a petition to the king.
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He lobbied in 1706 to become Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer, but was passed over, supposedly on the grounds of ill health, although he was well enough to go regularly on assize in Ulster. In 1713-4, Irish political life was greatly complicated by a feud between the central Government and Dublin Corporation. Echlin, along with his colleagues, signed a number of reports on the matter, which were considered to give a partisan view of the affair. Questioned years later by the Irish House of Commons on his actions, he admitted frankly that he knew little about the affair, but had signed whatever reports were placed before him for fear of losing his office if he refused.
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Rather, an elaborate tale was told in the pleadings about how one John Doe leased land from the plaintiff but was ousted by Richard Roe, who claimed a contrary lease from the defendant. These events, if true, led to the "assize of novel disseisin", later called the "mixed action in ejectment", a procedure in which title could ultimately be determined, but which led instead to trial by jury. This is the origin of the names John Doe, Richard Roe, and so forth, for anonymous parties. The fiction of Doe, Roe, and the leases was not challenged by the parties unless they wished to stake their life and safety on a trial by combat.
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A medieval baker and his apprentice In Medieval Europe, baking ovens were often separated from other buildings (and sometimes located outside city walls) to mitigate the risk of fire. Because bread was an important staple food, bakers' production factors (such as bolting yields, ingredients, and loaf sizes) were heavily regulated. For example, Henry III of England promulgated the Assize of Bread and Ale in 1267, subjecting all commercial bakers and brewers to various fees in order to practice their trade and imposing various regulations, such as inspection and verification of weights and measures, quality control, and price controls.Ian Spencer Hornsey, A History of Beer and Brewing (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2003), p. 292.
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Records relating to these hamlets in the High Middle Ages are vague or incomplete, but show land was owned variously by the families, the Elland family, the Holland family, the Byron family, or the Knights Hospitaller. The Byron family were endowed land in Milnrow during Norman times, and their descendants include the Barons Byron in the peerage of England. In 1253, King Henry III granted rights to the Knights Hospitaller to conduct the trials of suspected thieves, regulate the production and sale of food using the Assize of Bread and Ale, and erect a gallows for public executions. Butterworth had no church, it was part of the parish of Rochdale with ties to St Chad's Church in Rochdale.
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On 27 December the same year he returned to Scotland and effected the downfall and execution of Morton by producing a bond, probably that in defence of Bothwell and to promote his marriage with Mary, and giving evidence of the latter's knowledge of Bothwell's intention to murder Darnley. In July 1581 his cause was reheard; he was acquitted of murder by assize, and shortly afterwards in 1581 or 1582 he was restored to his estates and received at court. His career ended shortly before 24 January 1584. He was the greatest lawyer of his day, and part-author at least of Balfour's Practicks, the earliest textbook of Scottish law, not published, however, till 1754.
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For this conduct, which in the Crown's eyes was only a little less serious than Meade's alleged treason itself, the foreman of the jury was fined 1000 marks and the other jurors were each fined £500, and they were ordered to appear before the next assize court wearing placards proclaiming their offence.Crawford p.287 This severe treatment reflects the Crown's consistent attitude to such trials. In England at this time, and for many years afterwards, the jury in a treason trial was expected to convict as a matter of course: as J.P. Kenyon remarks, treason was regarded as a crime so heinous that no person charged with it could be permitted to escape punishment.
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John Munro, 2nd of Lemlair entered into a military career and rose to the rank of colonel, taking a prominent part in the wars involving James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose from 1639 to 1649.Mackenzie. pp. 485. John Munro was a member of the assize at the Tollbooth of Inverness on 4 June 1616 when John Gordon, 14th Earl of Sutherland was served heir to his father. In 1617 John Munro was amongst those chosen to help settle a dispute between the same Earl of Sutherland and Donald Mackay, 1st Lord Reay over the boundaries of their estates.Mackenzie. pp. 486 In May 1639 John Munro, 2nd of Lemlair commanded a division of the 4000 strong Covenanter army.
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After 1919, women were no longer excluded from jury service by virtue of their sex, although they still had to satisfy the ordinary property qualifications. The exemption which had been created by the 1825 Act for towns which "possessed" their own courts meant ten towns were free to ignore the property qualifications. This amplified in these towns the general understanding that local officials had a free hand in summoning freely from among those people who were qualified to be jurors. In 1920, three of these ten towns - Leicester, Lincoln, and Nottingham - consistently empanelled assize juries of six men and six women; while at the Bristol, Exeter, and Norwich assizes no women were empanelled at all.
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John MacLean (historian), Parochial History of the Deanery of Trigg Minor, vol 1, 1872 Few substantial changes occurred until the nineteenth century. From 1832 onwards, Wales and the palatine county of Chester, served by the Court of Great Sessions, were merged into the circuit system. The commissions for (the City of) London and Middlesex were replaced with a Central Criminal Court, serving London's broadened metropolis, and county courts were established widely to hear many civil cases which had taken the writ-action form of nisi prius. The Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873, which merged judges of equity and common law competing systems into the Supreme Court of Judicature, transferred the jurisdiction of the commissions of assize (e.g.
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A county corporate or corporate county was a type of subnational division used for local government in England, Wales, and Ireland. Counties corporate were created during the Middle Ages, and were effectively small self-governing county-empowered entities such as towns or cities which were deemed to be important enough to be independent from their counties. A county corporate could also be known as a county of itself, similar to an independent city or consolidated city-county in other countries. While they were administratively distinct counties, with their own sheriffs and lord lieutenancies, most of the counties corporate remained part of the "county at large" for purposes such as the county assize courts.
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Bodmin Jail, operational for over 150 years but now a semi-ruin, was built in the late 18th century, and was the first British prison to hold prisoners in separate cells (though often up to ten at a time) rather than communally. Over fifty prisoners condemned at the Bodmin Assize Court were hanged at the prison. It was also used for temporarily holding prisoners sentenced to transportation, awaiting transfer to the prison hulks lying in the highest navigable reaches of the River Fowey. Also, during the First World War the prison held some of Britain's priceless national treasures including the Domesday Book, the ring and the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.
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George Edward Waldegrave, 7th Earl Waldegrave (8 February 1816 – 28 September 1846) was a British peer. The eldest legitimate child of the 6th Earl Waldegrave, George Waldegrave was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. In 1835, he inherited his father's titles and on 28 September 1840, he married his elder, illegitimate brother's widow, Frances (the daughter of noted tenor, John Braham) at Gretna Green, Scotland (in order to avoid the prohibitions of the Marriage Act 1835, which made such marriages in England and Wales illegal). In 1841, Waldegrave was sentenced to six months imprisonment in Newgate Prison, by the Twickenham Bench of the Assize Court for having drunkenly assaulted a police officer in Kingston upon Thames.
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After waiting over a year and a half for disposition of the case, the Superior Court had then granted the State's motion over Klopfer's objections and with no justification offered by the prosecutor. Klopfer, a professor of zoology at Duke University, complained to the Court that the indefinite suspension of the case interfered with his employment and his right to travel. Where the North Carolina Supreme Court had dismissed Klopfer's speedy trial argument in one sentence, Warren's decision extensively reviewed the history of the right to a speedy trial. He traced it to sources of English common law as old as the Assize of Clarendon in 1166 and the Magna Carta in 1215.
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Page 297, 1205 On 29 June 1206, the Bishop of Hereford and his attorney appeared before the court claiming the church of Putley as their right, and that the grant to Cecilia Devereux had only occurred because the hearing proceeded too quickly to allow them to present their case. When the canons were informed of Cecilia's claim, they had requested that the sheriff of Hereford put her claim on hold and were told this would require a warrant of the king. The canons submitted an assize presenting their position, and paid 12 shillings for the court to be summoned.Collections Towards the History and Antiquities of the County of Hereford in continuation of Duncumb’s History, volume III.
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" On 22 November the 9th Lancers were deployed to Andover and the riots were quelled by 23 November. By 29 November, Winchester gaol was full to capacity with arrested labourers, and more prisoners were being held under guard by the Lancers in their barracks. In the trials that followed, held before Mr. Baron Vaughan, Mr. Justice James Parke and Mr. Justice Alderson at a Special Commission of Assize at Winchester in December 1830, the accused were not allowed counsel to represent them, and the jury consisted entirely of magistrates, three of whom had been directly affected by property damage during the riots. The charge laid against the majority was one of "riotous assembly.
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The Duke of Ormonde, who was a merciful man by the standards of the time, is known to have disapproved of Alexander's notorious severity in criminal trials. This attitude was in notable contrast to the conduct of most other Irish judges of the time who were, like Ormonde, inclined to clemency. Where Ormonde would always reprieve a man where he could, Alexander, it was said, would hang as many men as he could : on one occasion he sentenced fourteen men to death at a single assize. His reputation for severity became such that for many years after his death "to be Alexandered" was widely used in Ireland as a synonym for "to be hanged".
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1515-87), of Clovelly and Exeter, Devon, published in History of Parliament: House of Commons 1509-1558, ed. S.T. Bindoff, 1982 He was a magistrate and along with several other members of the Devonshire gentry then serving as magistrates he died of gaol fever at the Black Assize of Exeter 1586. He married Margaret Milliton, daughter of John Milliton and widow of John Giffard of Yeo in the parish of Alwington, North Devon. His large monument, with strapwork decoration, survives against the south wall of the chancel of All Saints Church, Clovelly. Along the full length of the cornice is inscribed in gilt capitals: Robertus Carius, Armiger, obiit An(no) Do(mini) 1586Griggs, p.
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The trial of Peter Griffiths began on 15 October 1948. He was tried before Mr. Justice Oliver at the assize court of Lancaster, and chose to enter a formal plea of not guilty to the charge of murder on this date. Among those to testify on behalf of the prosecution was Inspector Colin Campbell, who testified as to the prints on the Winchester bottle being a precise match for the samples Griffiths had twice provided for investigators, and which he readily acknowledged were his own. To demonstrate this, enlarged copies of both sets of fingerprints were displayed to the jury, with Inspector Campbell indicating 16 ridge characteristics which were in agreement on both sets of impressions.
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The Lord Deputy was determined that blame be placed on Bingham, and the rebels were resurgent as Fitzwilliam ordered the governor to remain at Athlone. Fitzwilliam travelled to Galway with 350 foot and 120 horse to receive the formal submissions of the rebels, and two books of complaints were lodged by them against Bingham. The complaints were forwarded by the lord deputy into England, and before leaving the province he denied Bingham the use of martial law and cut off his authority to conduct assize sessions, until Fitzwilliam himself had completed his progress through the province. Connacht remained unstable, and O'Rourke broke into action again, attacking the sheriff of Sligo in the Curlew Mountains.
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The office of coroner is, "in many instances, a necessary substitute: for if the sheriff is interested in a suit, or if he is of affinity with one of the parties to a suit, the coroner must execute and return the process of the courts of justice."James Wilson, Lectures on Law, vol. 2, chapter 7 This role was qualified in Chapter 24 of Magna Carta in 1215, which states: "No sheriff, constable, coroner or bailiff shall hold pleas of our Crown." "Keeping the pleas" was an administrative task, while "holding the pleas" was a judicial one that was not assigned to the locally resident coroner but left to judges who traveled around the country holding assize courts.
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No Charter, Assize Roll, Patent Roll or other manuscript has been found to explain how the Merton Priory came by the manor of South Tadworth, in Domesday Tadeorde, but the priory gained it around the same time when the priory gained Banstead Manor; for they held it in 1291. As with the other manor, this manor was held by a priory until Henry VIII's Dissolution of the Monasteries. Henry VIII wanted this land as his own so attached it to the wide, not all joined up, honour of Hampton Court. In 1553 Edward VI granted it in fee to Edward Harendon, also seen as Herrenden, whose children relinquished it from one to the other by fine.
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Geis & Bunn 1997: p32-33 Their one other link was the fact that they had tried and failed to purchase herring from a Lowestoft merchant, Samuel Pacy.Seth 1969: p. 109 His two daughters Elizabeth, and Deborah were "victims" of the accused and, along with their aunt, Samuel Pacy's sister Margaret, gave evidence against the women. They were tried at the Assize held in Bury St Edmunds under the auspices of the 1603 Witchcraft Act, by one of England's most eminent judges of the time Sir Matthew Hale, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.Notestein 1911: p261 The jury found them guilty of the thirteen charges of using malevolent witchcraft, and the judge sentenced them to death.
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When the building of the gaol, located near Hyde Road, commenced circa 1845 it was intended to have been a short-term prison housing male and female inmates who were serving sentences of no more than six months. However, there are prison records that show that there were a few prisoners, mainly military prisoners, usually deserters, who were imprisoned there for up to two years. There were also facilities for securing prisoners awaiting trial at the Assize Court (after July 1864) in Manchester and the Quarter Sessions located nearby. The gaol was considered to be inadequate and as a result many other prisoners were sent to the New Bailey prison in Salford.
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Ralph and Cassandra had three sons: Thomas, John and Francis. It appears from subsequent records and surviving indications within the house that Thomas took up residence with documents to that effect dating from at least 1664.West Sussex Records Office Wiston MSS 23 Thomas was named in 1682 as one of the members of a jury formed to inquire for the Lord King and the Body of the County (Assize records).West Sussex Records Office ADD MS 37104 By 1690 mention is also made of his son Thomas junior at Hurstpierpoint.West Sussex Records Office Wiston MSS 24 The elder Thomas married for a second time in 1691 to a local woman, Elizabeth Minshull, spinster of Hurstpierpoint.
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Sullivan, A.M. Old Ireland Butterworths 1927 Maurice Healy however adds that he was a fairly good lawyer and the kindest-hearted of men; in an era when many Irish judges, such as Hugh Holmes, Walter Boyd and William Drennan Andrews were noted for the severity of their sentences in criminal cases, Johnson was noted for his clemency.Healy, Maurice The Old Munster Circuit Michael Joseph Ltd. London 1939 At the Wexford assize in 1897 he expressed his horror at the brutal murder of James Kelly, a prosperous farmer from Kilcavan, the previous month. He told the grand jury that he would not comment on the case in detail since there had been no arrest.
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Troy weight probably takes its name from the French market town of Troyes where English merchants traded at least as early as the early 9th century. The name "troy" is first attested in 1390, describing the weight of a platter, in an account of the travels in Europe of the Earl of Derby. Charles Moore Watson (1844–1916) proposes an alternative etymology: The Assize of Weights and Measures (also known as Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris), one of the statutes of uncertain date from the reign of either Henry III or Edward I, thus before 1307, specifies "troni ponderacionem"—which the Public Record Commissioners translate as "troy weight". The word "troni" refers to markets.
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Selby Lowndes was a party to the last action for recovery of land brought by writ of right before the Court of Common Pleas, heard before the Grand Assize of Buckinghamshire (a jury like body of four knights of the shire and twelve recogniters). At one time such actions had been dealt with by trial by battle, but such trials had been abolished in 1819. The whole form of action by writ of right procedure had been abolished by Parliament for the future, by the time this case was heard. Selby Lowndes had won the first trial of the case, but on appeal the case was sent back for a re-trial.
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In Merovingian France, ecclesiastical notaries, continuing Late Imperial practice, were attached to county courts as clerks of court who recorded proceedings and prepared and engrossed instruments and process which were later sealed before the count with the court's official seal to render them public and authentic. Otherwise, it was not until the 9th century, when Charlemagne, in an effort to reform the county court system, began to appoint notaries to accompany itinerant royal commissioners during their assize circuit, which notaries were called royal notaries. By the 10th century, they had become permanent clerks of court and came to greatly outnumber and then absorb the comital notaries into their corps. This system was preserved by the Holy Roman Empire.
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The stone in the churchyard known as St Raffidy The first mention of the name Pensans is in the Assize Roll of 1284,Gover, J. E. B. "Unpublished typescript on Cornish Place Names, RIC 614". In: Pool, P. A. S. (1974) The History of the Town and Borough of Penzance. Penzance: Corporation of Penzance. and the first mention of the actual church that gave Penzance its name is in a manuscript written by William Borlase in 1750: ″The ancient chapel belonging to the town of Penzance may be seen in a fish cellar, near the key; it is small and as I remember had the image of the Virgin Mary in it.
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In July of the same year he was made a Serjeant-at-law; the following year he was promoted to King's Serjeant. Between 1445 and 1447 he served as legal counsel for the Duchy of Lancaster, and in 1448 he was appointed an Assize Justice for Ely. His career took a sharp upturn when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas on 16 January 1449 despite having never served as any kind of Puisne Justice. Soon after his appointment he continued his activities outside Westminster, serving on a commission of Oyer and terminer in Kent in 1451 following the rebellion of Jack Cade by a similar commission in Lincolnshire in 1452 and at York in 1454.
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Though named in the commission for the trial of the King he never sat on it, but he subsequently served as assistant to the attorney-general during the Commonwealth. He also represented Taunton in the Short Parliament and Bridport in the Long Parliament, remaining an active member of the Rump, and served as Recorder of Bridport. Hill was appointed a serjeant-at-law in 1655, judge of assize in 1656, a baron of the Exchequer in 1657. In that capacity, he assisted at the ceremony of investiture of the Lord Protector in June 1657; and as one of the judges attendant on Cromwell's House of Peers, he delivered a message from them to the Commons in the following January.
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The Visitor reported the acquittal on the front page, normally reserved for advertisements only.Official shorthand transcript of the trial at the Liverpool Assize Court of James Caunt for alleged seditious libel against the Jewish people, published in the 'Morecambe and Heysham Visitor' on August 6th, 1947 ; Book by James Caunt (published after the trial), An editor on trial: Rex v. Caunt, alleged seditious libel, Morecambe Press Ltd, 1947 Soon afterwards, this led the paper to decide to permanently have news on the front page and to move advertisements to the inside pages, becoming the first local newspaper to do so. For many years after the Second World War, the paper had the strap line "founded in 1874 when income tax was 1d in the £".
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In particular, the "royal English contract protected by the action of debt is identified with the Islamic Aqd, the English assize of novel disseisin is identified with the Islamic Istihqaq, and the English jury is identified with the Islamic lafif." Other English legal institutions such as "the scholastic method, the licence to teach", the "law schools known as Inns of Court in England and Madrasas in Islam" and the "European commenda" (Islamic Qirad) may have also originated from Islamic law. The methodology of legal precedent and reasoning by analogy (Qiyas) are also similar in both the Islamic and common law systems. These influences have led some scholars to suggest that Islamic law may have laid the foundations for "the common law as an integrated whole".
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Land could be donated to a church organization and then leased back to the donor, allowing the donor to avoid the feudal services due to his lord. Legal cases became so complicated that the Assize of Utrum was established in the middle of the 12th century to adjudicate claims. Thomas de Littleton's Tenures, which perhaps appeared about 1470 as an update of a then century-old predecessor tract (the Old Tenures), said to have been written under Edward III, contains a section on Frankalmoin. Edward Coke commented on this in the first part of his Institutes of the Lawes of England, published within his Commentary upon Littleton, which he completed about a century and a half after its subject's first appearance.
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They were imprisoned at Hertford gaol, although the women were later acquitted (Nott was released at the next Assize). Although one report late in March suggests, unusually, that Turpin alone robbed a company of higlers, in the same month he was reported to be working alongside two other highwaymen, Matthew King (then, and since, incorrectly identified as Tom King), and Stephen Potter. The trio were responsible for a string of robberies between March and April 1737, which ended suddenly in an incident at Whitechapel, after King (or Turpin, depending upon which report is read) had stolen a horse near Waltham Forest. Its owner, Joseph Major, reported the theft to Richard Bayes, landlord of the Green Man public house at Leytonstone.
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Roman citizens also enjoyed the important safeguard, against possible malpractice by the governor, of the right to appeal a criminal sentence, especially a death sentence, directly to the emperor himself.Burton (1987) 431 As regards civil law, with the exception of capital crimes, peregrini were subject to the customary laws and courts of their civitas (an administrative circumscription, similar to a county, based on the pre-Roman tribal territories). Cases involving Roman citizens, on the other hand, were adjudicated by the governor's assize court, according to the elaborate rules of Roman civil law.Burton (1987) 433 This gave citizens a substantial advantage in disputes with peregrini, especially over land, as Roman law would always prevail over local customary law if there was a conflict.
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He became third Baron of the Court of Exchequer (Ireland) in 1673 and went regularly as judge of assize to Connaught; this became the subject of a well known satire, Elegy on the Pig that followed Chief Baron Henn and Baron Worth from Connaught to Dublin.Carpenter, Arthur Verses in English from Tudor and Stuart Ireland Cork University Press 2003 When John Bysse died in 1680 the Lord Lieutenant suggested that Sir Richard Reynell, 1st Baronet should be the new Chief Baron. However the anti-Catholic hysteria engendered by Popish Plot was at its height and Reynell was suspected of Roman Catholic leanings. Charles II preferred Henn, as he was a staunch Protestant and a man with strong connections at Court.
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The manorial history of Salterford is complicated and incomplete, and traces of any possible former settlement are not now evident, but its name is still represented, on larger scale maps, by Salterford Farm and by nearby Salterford Dam on the Dover Beck.() In the Domesday survey, it is recorded as belonging to Osbern son of Richard and being six bovates (perhaps 90 acres) of 'waste', which may have meant that it was uninhabited or uncultivated, or both.J Morris, (ed.),Domesday Book: Nottinghamshire (Chichester, 1977), 27,3 It is referred to in the 1330 Assize rolls as Molendin de Salturford so that a watermill must have been built there by that time.J. E. B. Gover, A. Mawer and F. M. Stenton, The Place-Names of Nottinghamshire (Cambridge, 1940), p.
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It claimed that a lower court's citation of the English Bill of Rights of 1689 as a source of a preexisting right had "misinterpreted it to guarantee a private right to possess guns, when it rather laid down the right of a class of citizens, Protestants, to take part in the military affairs of the realm. Nowhere was an individual’s right to arm in self-defense guaranteed." The court's final judgment on the right to bear arms concluded that the writers of the second amendment had intended to create such a right, based on the early settlers experience and on the English Bill of Rights. However, the court made no judgment on whether the right dated back to the Assize of Arms.
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As he continued to be piper to the Countess, he seems to have been referring to some other, former, appointment in the Earl's household. The inn was large and respectable - on Saturday 11 July 1767, an auction of a farm was held at The Angel;Newcastle Chronicle, 13 June 1767. on 2 February 1771, 'a company of gentlemen' celebrated the 21st birthday of Lord Algernon Percy at the Angel;Newcastle Chronicle, 5 February 1771 and the inn was used as an office for the collection of rents.Newcastle Chronicle, 28 May 1768. In October 1773, when the Assize Court was in session, the judges invited the Duke to dinner at the Angel one night; the following night he entertained them at Alnwick Castle Newcastle Courant, 16 October 1773.
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Huddleston expressed his scepticism that judges could be added to a trial once it had begun. Moreover, he had been looking for affirmation from a superior court. By this time Collins had become suspicious of Huddleston's tampering with the record of the trial and requested the shorthand notes of the hearing. With the proceedings now in shambles, the case was listed for 4 December, and the defendants were ordered to attend in London, though on what authority is unclear.. At a further hearing on 2 December, James withdrew his suggestion of an augmented assize court and opined that the court should sit as the Queen's Bench Divisional Court; this should only have allowed two or three judges, not the five who eventually sat.
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The interior of the old church in 1874, showing the post-Reformation extension and box pews. The original structure of the medieval church became almost entirely obscured or pulled down by a large post-Reformation extension and the addition of box pews. Early in the 19th century the vicar, William Farish (third Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy) enlarged the accommodation from 100 to 600 seats. View of St Giles' from castle mound According to former county archaeologist Alison Taylor, the church was serving the impoverished and fast-growing community of the upper town, in the neighbourhood of the castle mound, and its shire hall (assize court) (1842) and prison, when a new building was planned, incorporating elements from the previous church.
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Jury courts met fortnightly at the Moot Hall, and at three other major hearings on Michaelmas, Hilary and Hock Days, called law hundreds where view of frankpledge was held, and cases concerning the town's treasure trove, the raising of hue and cry, bloodshed, encroachments, overcharging the common, breaches of the assize of ale and of weights and measures, and nuisance were heard. By 1310 the courts met more frequently. Prisoners awaiting trial were kept in a gaol beneath the Moot Hall and outside of the Hall's entrance where the town's stocks were located and where they could be feed by relatives and friends. The town's gallows were located on an unidentified main route outside of the town called Galwystrete (Gallow's Street).
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The judicial arm of the Irish Republic consisted of a network of Dáil Courts administered by IRA officers, which at first operated in parallel with the British judicial system, and gradually came to supersede it as public opinion swung against the British in some parts of the island. British law allowed for the arbitration of disputes, provided the parties agreed to it, and as the Dáil Courts were initially described as arbitration panels it was impossible to outlaw them. In other cases the Dáil Courts proved more popular because of the speed and efficiency of their functioning, compared to the local Assize courts. They proved unable to deal with violent crimes but acquired a good reputation with farmers, particularly in dealing harshly with cases of cattle rustling.
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There was a number of serious disputes between the monks and de Furnivall concerning his use of abbey lands and property, culminating in the monks barricading themselves within the abbey for 16 weeks in 1319. It wasn't until July 1319, with the help of other local landowners, that the monks received an assize of novel disseisin and their property usage was returned to them. With an income of less than £200 per year the abbey should have been suppressed under the Suppression of Religious Houses Act 1535, which dictated all religious houses with a low annual income should be dissolved. The monks paid a fine of £100 for a royal licence to continue, until 1537 when the abbey was surrendered and the land and property sold off.
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More than 1,400 prisoners were dealt with and although most were sentenced to death, fewer than 300 were hanged or hanged, drawn and quartered. The Taunton Assize took place in the Great Hall of Taunton Castle (now the home of the Museum of Somerset). Of more than 500 prisoners brought before the court on the 18/19 September, 144 were hanged and their remains displayed around the county to ensure people understood the fate of those who rebelled against the king. Some 800–850 men were transported to the West Indies where they were worth more alive than dead as a source of cheap labour (the novel Captain Blood, and the later movies based on it, graphically portray this punishment).
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He then obtained the advowson through an assize of darrein presentment and mandated Roger de Meyland, Weseham's successor, to institute Robert of Reading in the church on 28 March 1257.Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1247—58, p. 546. As the advowson had now been reclaimed for the successors of Margaret de Redvers and Warin fitzGerold, it was open to the abbot of Halesowen to argue that Margaret's grant made the abbey the true patron of Harborne church. This he did in October 1260, by a plea that Baldwin should permit him to present a parson at Harborne, only to be told that a further presentation had been made by the bishop, this time with the assent of the Roman Curia.
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Turner English Judiciary p. 42 gaining the title of constable of the castle in 1179.Bond "Medieval Constables" English Historical Review p. 238 In 1176, Roger was one of the 18 men named as justicias errantes, which were sent out in three panels of six men after the Assize of Northampton in January 1176.Turner English Judiciary p. 20 King Henry II of England named Roger as Sheriff of Sussex in 1176, which office he retained until 1187. Roger was also Sheriff of Berkshire from 1186 until the death of King Henry II in 1189. After the death of King Henry, Roger's brother Walter was put in charge of England while Henry's son Richard I was away on Crusade from 1191 to 1193.
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He served in 1406 as an Assize justice for the Palatinate of Durham, and in the same year was made a King's Serjeant. He was appointed as a justice for the Court of Common Pleas by Henry V on 23 May 1413, and Chief Justice a month later on 26 of June, becoming Chief justice of the Palatinate of Lancaster at around the same time. Between November 1414 and December 1420 he also appeared as a regular Trier of Petitions in Parliament. Norton served on many government commissions under Henry IV and Henry V, most notably as a commissioner of Oyer and terminer in Durham, Yorkshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Devon, and as an officer tasked with hunting down escaped criminals in Northumberland, Yorkshire, Norfolk and Suffolk.
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The sea levels having risen and stabilised around 9,400 BC leaving L’Ancresse looking similar to the current day situation with the sea to the north and west. Part of a tidal island, originally separated from the rest of Guernsey by the Braye du Valle, a tidal way that could be crossed at low tide. L’Ancresse was the only part of the tidal island that did not form part of the Fief St Michel, the land granted to the Abbey of Mont Saint-Michel in the 10th century, it remained common land, belonging to the King. In the 1309 Assize Roll, a number of defendants were accused of encroaching upon the common land. The beaches at L’Ancresse comprise, Ladies Bay, Chouet, Jaonneuse, Pembroke and L’Ancresse.
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Among the privileges granted to the borough were a court to be held every three weeks to hear cases of debt, trespass, etc., up to the value of £5 (this "Buckingham Three Weeks Court" appears to have replaced the court of portmote), a weekly market on Tuesdays, two annual fairs with a court of pie-powder, a twice- yearly view of frankpledge, the assize of bread and ale, the right to a gaol within the borough and the right to return two burgesses to Parliament. In 1574 the then lord of the borough, Bernard Brocas, granted a 2000-year lease of the borough to six trustees to hold on behalf of the corporation in return for an annual rent of 40s. The lordship was purchased by Sir Thomas Temple in 1604.
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The importance of the longbow in English culture can be seen in the legends of Robin Hood, which increasingly depicted him as a master archer, and also in the "Song of the Bow", a poem from The White Company by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. During the reign of Henry III the Assize of Arms of 1252 required that all "citizens, burgesses, free tenants, villeins and others from 15 to 60 years of age" should be armed. The poorest of them were expected to have a halberd and a knife, and a bow if they owned land worth more than £2.The right to keep and bear arms: report of the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, second session, U.S. G.P.O., 1982 p.
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In 1853 the first pillar box in the United Kingdom was installed nearby and a replica "Penfold" pillar box, in the style of the original post boxes designed by William Penfold with acanthus leaves, balls and the Royal coat of arms, was subsequently erected outside the town hall to commemorate this. The original clock in the tower of the town hall, which had been made by John Sanderson of Wigton, was replaced with a modern mechanism, made by Potts of Leeds, in 1900. The assembly rooms were used for the courts of assize until 1881 and magistrates' courts were held there until 1941. Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, visited the building to mark the city's 800th anniversary and signed the visitors' book there in October 1958.
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Crawford's support in Parliament in 1705 of the Tackers left him vulnerable, and he was defeated in that year's general election by Sir John Jennings (1664-1743), a Navy officer, in a vicious campaign marked by the beating to death of a Scotsman who had campaigned against Crawford. (Major Winsley of Sheerness Castle was charged with the crime, but acquitted at an assize court in Maidstone, Kent.) King did not stand in 1708, and was replaced by Henry Withers, another soldier. Withers relinquished the seat for the 1710 election, and King and James Herbert were returned "by the great majority of votes". Jennings, the losing candidate, petitioned the House of Commons against the "gross bribery and other undue practices" of his opponents, but his complaint came to nothing.
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A distinction was made between those accused fama publica (by public outcry) and those accused on the basis of specific facts. Those accused fama publica were able to exculpate themselves by means of compurgation, whereas those accused on the basis of specific facts and those who were thought to have bad character were made to undergo the ordeal. The Assize of Clarendon declared that all those said by a jury of presentment to be "accused or notoriously suspect" of robbery, thievery, or murder or of receiving anyone who had committed such a wrong were to be put to the ordeal of water. These juries of presentment were the hundred juries and vills, and these groups, in effect, made the intermediate decision of whether an accused person would face the more final judgment of the ordeal.
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The use of ordinary members of the community to consider crimes was unusual in ancient cultures, but was nonetheless also found in ancient Greece. The modern jury trial evolved out of this custom in the mid-12th century during the reign of Henry II.W.L. Warren, "Henry II" University of California Press,(1973) Juries, usually 6 or 12 men, were an "ancient institution" even then in some parts of England, at the same time as Members consisted of representatives of the basic units of local government—hundreds (an administrative sub-division of the shire, embracing several vills) and villages. Called juries of presentment, these men testified under oath to crimes committed in their neighbourhood. The Assize of Clarendon in 1166 caused these juries to be adopted systematically throughout the country.
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38 (Ir.)) (Dublin city and County Dublin, like the City of London and Middlesex, were outside the assize system but similarly separate jurisdictions.) Where an act of Parliament referred to "any county" it was doubtful that this included counties corporate, the latter intent being expressed as "any county, county of a city, or county of a town". Acts of 1542 and 1765 were extended to counties corporate in 1807.47 Geo.3 sess.1 c.43 and County Infirmaries (Ireland) Act 1807 (47 Geo.3 sess.2 c.50) Each county corporate contained rural "liberties" outside the city or town's municipal boundary; in six cases these were transferred to the adjacent county-at-large in 1840–2; the exceptions were Galway and Carrickfergus, where the municipal corporation was abolished instead.
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Bela Singh Jain an informer and agent of Inspector William Hopkinson, pulled out two guns and started shooting at the Khalsa Diwan Society Gurdwara Sahib on West 2nd Avenue. He murdered Bhai Bhag Singh, President of the Society and Battan Singh and Bela Singh was charged with murder, but Hopkinson decided to appear as a witness in his case and made up much of his testimony at his trail and subsequently Bela Singh was acquitted. On 21 October 1914, Bhai Mewa Singh, Granthi of Khalsa Diwan Society shot William Hopkinson in the Assize court corridor with two revolvers because he believed him to be unscrupulous and corrupt, using informers to spy on Indian immigrants. Canadian policeman William Hopkinson shot and killed by Mewa Singh who is later sentenced to death.
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Prominent supporters (albeit at a distance) over several decades included the historians Frank Stenton and his wife Doris. Frank Stenton edited a volume of medieval charters of five Lincolnshire Gilbertine monasteries, published as the society's 18th volume in 1922, and later served as its President from 1942 to 1967; while Doris Stenton edited a volume of early 13th-century Lincolnshire Assize Rolls, published as the 22nd volume in 1926, and continued to maintain close contact with the society. In 1912, to meet the interests of genealogists, the society established a Parish Register Section, with a separate subscription, for publishing Lincolnshire parish registers. Nine volumes of registers were published (seven of them edited by Canon Foster); but the series had to be abandoned as printing costs rose in the 1920s.
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Note 3 Drumquhassle and Douglas of Mains were arrested in their own houses and taken to Edinburgh. The circumstances of Mains' relationship to Angus (notwithstanding his Douglas lineage) and Drumquhassle's relationship to both Mains (as father-in-law) and involvement in previous regencies sealed their fate. The trial took the form of three dittays presented to an Assize in February 1584/5. The accusation was not one of Drumquhassle's direct participation in the Raid of Ruthven (it is mentioned that this had been overlooked due to the king's clemency), but that Edmonstone, Drumquhassle and Mains were to intercept the king while hunting and detain him in the lands of Lennox on the orders of the banished lords, delivered to them by their messenger, John Hume of Law, or "Black John".
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The Islander Vol 1, Issue 9, pages 4–5 Plaque in Belmont Road, Saint Helier, Jersey After a year in Paris he returned to London to enter the Royal Academy Schools where he stayed for three years, before returning to Jersey and setting up a studio, taking Millais and Walter William Ouless, another distinguished fellow Jerseyman, as ideals in the art of portrait painting. He taught privately at the Jersey Ladies' College (now Jersey College for Girls) and the Guernsey Ladies' College. He undertook an ambitious group portrait of the Assize d'Héritage (known as "The Sitting") which took him four years to complete. In 1897, it was purchased for £400 by Julia Westaway, of the Westaway Trust, and presented to the Royal Court in Jersey where it now hangs.
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The Ordinance of 1233 required the appointment of watchmen. The Assize of Arms of 1252, which required the appointment of constables to summon men to arms, quell breaches of the peace, and to deliver offenders to the sheriff, is cited as one of the earliest creations of an English police force, as was the Statute of Winchester of 1285. In 1252 a royal writ established a watch and ward with royal officers appointed as shire reeves: Later in 1279 King Edward I formed a special guard of 20 sergeants at arms who carried decorated battle maces as a badge of official office. By 1415 a watch was appointed to the Parliament of England and in 1485 King Henry VII established a household watch that became known as the Beefeaters.
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Strafford, who became almost all-powerful in Ireland, and who was well aware that Alexander had been professionally disgraced in England, vetoed his appointment as an extra judge of assize in 1637: Hart, A. R. History of the King's Serjeants-at-law in Ireland Dublin Four Courts Press 2000 pp.50-51 the ostensible reason was that only Sir Maurice Eustace, the King's Serjeant, was qualified to act as an extra judge, but Strafford's references to Eustace as a "man of integrity" can also be read as an attack on Alexander's character.Hart pp.50-51 He refused him leave to go to England, and when Alexander went anyway he was imprisoned in the Fleet Prison, nor following his release was he able to return to Ireland until after Strafford's downfall.
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During his possession, the Skerton was assessed as being 'six-plough lands'. After Tostig's possession, Skerton was retained in demesne by the Lords of Lancaster; in 1094, demesne tithes from Skerton were granted to St Martin's at Sees by Count Roger of Poitou, (See Roger the Poitevin). The land surrounding Skerton remained more or less 'Virgo intacta', an exception being made when half a Plough-land was granted to William De Skerton, (Reeve from 1201 to 1202), to be held by this Serjeanty. It has been revealed that around this time, the ancient assize rent of the vill for ten oxgangs of land in bondage was seven Shillings and Sixpence, (7s 6d). By 1200, this had increased considerably to forty-two shillings and nine pence, (42s 9d), or, more accurately, (£2 2s 9d).
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Originally, the term customs meant any customary payments or dues of any kind (for example, to the king, or a bishop, or the church), but later became restricted to duties payable to the king on the import or export of goods. The beginnings of a centralised English customs system can be traced to the Winchester Assize of Customs of 1203, in the reign of King John, which established procedures by which customs duty (at the rate of one fifteenth on all goods imported or exported) would be collected and paid direct to the State Treasury (rather than to local sheriffs or feudal lords) and accounted for by the Exchequer. Between 1203 and 1205 this duty was collected at thirty-five English ports; however there is no evidence of its collection continuing after 1210.
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He left the court in 1271 to lead an Eyre circuit that travelled through south-eastern and eastern England, although the circuit was brought to an end in 1272 by the death of Henry III. After the premature end to the Eyre Roger was reappointed as a justice of the Court of Common Pleas, and became the Chief Justice of that court in 1274 after the death of Gilbert of Preston, serving until 1278. During this period he served as an Assize judge in 1273 and 1274 and the judge of an Eyre circuit in Middlesex in 1274 and again in London and in Bedfordshire in 1276. From late 1272 until October 1274 he served as High Sheriff of Northamptonshire, and gave a speech at the 1275 Parliament explaining the king's need for money.
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Similar words are known in most other Germanic languages. Old Norse clearly used such a system, with its words for "one hundred and eighty" meaning 200 and "two hundred" meaning 240. Its use in medieval England and Scotland is documented by Stevenson and Goodare, although Goodare notes that it was sometimes avoided by using numbers such as "seven score". The Assize of Weights and Measures, one of England's statutes of uncertain date from , shows both the short and long hundred in competing use: the hundred of kippers is formed by six score fish and the hundred of hemp canvas and linen cloth is formed by six score ells but the hundred of pounds to be used in measuring bulk goods is five times twenty and the hundred of fresh herring is five score fish.
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As stated above, under the Local Government Act 1972see section 'Division of Functions' and citations there the chief responsibilities of Berkshire County Council, in common with other non-metropolitan county authorities, included education, social services, public transport, planning, emergency services and waste disposal. It served to provide a strategic county-wide framework within which the differing plans of its six district councils could be harmonised. As with many County Councils, the Local Government Act 1972 changed the structure of the council, and a large area around Abingdon and the Vale of the White Horse became part of Oxfordshire while Slough, which had been within Buckinghamshire, became part of Berkshire. The former County Borough of Reading - which had been part of the historic assize and ceremonial county - also became part of the administrative county.
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The Irish Republic had some of the attributes of a functioning state; a ministry (with a head of state in the latter stages), a parliament, a courts system, a police force and a constitution. The extent to which these functioned fluctuated in different parts of the island, with the success or otherwise of republican institutions depending both on the degree of control of the IRA in the region and on the brutality of the Black and Tans and Auxiliaries, active from June 1920 to July 1921. The more brutal the 'Tans' the more they alienated the local populace from the Dublin Castle administration and Assize courts and the greater success the republican alternatives had. Some measures such as the Dáil Decree of 6 August 1920 prohibiting emigration without a permit were violently enforced.
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Other witnesses stated that Attucks was "leaning upon a stick" when the soldiers opened fire.The Trial of William Wemms, James Hartegan, William M'Cauley, Hugh White, Matthew Killroy, William Warren, John Carrol, and Hugh Montgomery, soldiers in His Majesty's 29th Regiment of Foot, for the murder of Crispus Attucks, Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick, James Caldwell, and Patrick Carr, on Monday-evening, the 5th of March,1867 at the Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Goal Delivery, held at Boston, the 27th day of November, 1770, by adjournment, before the Hon. Benjamin Lynde, John Cushing, Peter Oliver, and Chris Metzler, Esquires, justices of said court (Boston: J. Fleeming, 1770); and A Short Narrative of the Horrid Massacre in Boston (New York: John Doggett, Jr., 1849). Five colonists were killed and six were wounded.
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Lady Alice Lisle (September 16172 September 1685), commonly known as Alicia Lisle or Dame Alice Lyle,The Bloody Assize , web site of Somerset County Council uses the spelling Alice Lyle was a landed lady of the English county of Hampshire, who was executed for harbouring fugitives after the defeat of the Monmouth Rebellion at the Battle of Sedgemoor. While she seems to have leaned to Royalism, she combined this with a decided sympathy for religious dissent. She is known to history as Lady Lisle although she has no claim to the title; her husband was a member of the "Other House" created by Oliver Cromwell and "titles" deriving from that fact were often used after the Restoration. She is the last woman to have been executed by a judicial sentence of beheading in England.
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He served as a Justice of the Peace in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, and was also involved in Assize, Gaol delivery and Oyer and terminer. On 27 June 1356 he was appointed as Chief Justice of the Common Pleas and knighted, and on 1 October he was awarded a grant of £40 to support his new position. He was a member of the councils of both the Black Prince and John of Gaunt, and was appointed a Trier of Petitions at every Parliament between 1362 and 1371. In 1368 he took part in the trial of the Steward of the King's Household, Sir John de la Lee, and in 1371 he was part of a commission inquiring into the embezzlement of money by Sir William Latimer.
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The building continued to be used as a facility for dispensing justice but, following the implementation of the Local Government Act 1888, which established county councils in every county, it also became the meeting place of Lindsey County Council. After the County Council moved to County Offices, Lincoln in 1932, the building was retained for the assize courts and, since 1972, for the Crown Court. In the early 21st century Her Majesty's Courts Service announced proposals to move the Crown Court out of the castle grounds: this scheme was abandoned on the basis that it would not be value for money in November 2010. The idea of re- locating the Crown Court, possibly to the magistrates court building on the High Street, was briefly resurrected again but not progressed in March 2014.
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The 3rd Dragoon Guards violently suppressing the Bristol Riots of 1831 The Bristol Riots of 1831 took place after the House of Lords rejected the second Reform Bill, which aimed to get rid of some of the rotten boroughs and give Britain's fast growing industrial towns such as Bristol, Manchester, Birmingham, Bradford and Leeds greater representation in the House of Commons. Bristol had been represented in the House of Commons since 1295, but by 1830 only 6,000 of the 104,000 population had the vote. Local magistrate Sir Charles Wetherell, a strong opponent of the Bill, visited Bristol to open the new Assize Courts, on 29 October. He threatened to imprison participants in a disturbance going on outside, and an angry mob chased him to the Mansion House in Queen Square.
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The modern statutory definition of Imperial units, the Weights and Measures Act 1985 as amended by The Units of Measurement Regulations 1994, defines the quarter as a unit of mass equal to 28 pounds. In measures of weight and mass at the time of Magna Carta, the quarter was ton or (originally) 500 pounds). By the time of the Norman French copies of the Assize of Weights and Measures, the quarter had changed to 512 lbs. These copies describe the "London quarter" as notionally derived from eight "London bushels" of eight wine gallons of eight pounds of 15 ounces of 20 pennyweights of 32 grains of wheat, taken whole from the middle of an ear;.. the published Latin edition omits the quarter and describes corn gallons instead.. & & The quarter (qr. av.
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Shortly afterwards, Chadwick was murdered as, accompanied by Philip Mara, he led his horse along the road (which is now known as the R661) between Rathcannon and Bohernacrusha. He was shot at the point where a bridge was later erected, around 1847, to carry the road over the tracks of the Cork- Dublin railway. The man who fired the shot was Paddy Grace, a native of Ballytarsna. He had an armed accomplice, Lawrence Barry from a nearby place called The Hough. Grace was tried at Clonmel Assize in July 1827 and, convicted on 17 August on the evidence of Philip Mara, was hanged at the scene of the murder in Rathcannon on 20 August 1827; he admitted his guilt on the gallows and urged his brothers, and others present, to desist from unlawful practises.
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Two early instances of such an action are recorded in feet of fine from the reign of King John for a family dispute between members of the de Brantingham family in Yorkshire in 1202.The Surtees Society: 48The Surtees Society: 76 On 22 August 1202, one Matilda (or Maud), daughter of John de Brantingham, brought an action under the assize of mort d'ancestor against her sisters, Mary and Alice de Brantingham. Less than four months later, on 1 December 1202, John de Brantingham, son of Haldane the Deacon (and not to be confused with the later John de Brantingham, a Yorkshire clergyman), brought a similar action against his three daughters. Most such actions were in fact for very small areas of land, a few furlongs or a handful of acres.
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William Thirning KS (died 1413) was a British justice. He served as a commissioner of the peace in 1377 in Northamptonshire and as a commissioner of Oyer and terminer in Bedfordshire in the same year, as well as a Justice of Assize for Yorkshire, Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmorland in June 1380 before becoming a Serjeant-at-law in 1383. He was made a King's Serjeant in 1388, and a justice of the Court of Common Pleas on 11 April of the same year, becoming Chief Justice on 15 January 1396. Thirning took a leading role in the deposition of Richard II 1399, obtaining his renunciation of the throne on 29 September and announcing it in Parliament the following day, before personally announcing the sentence to Richard on 1 October.
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Henry V no.933. Due to the possibility for confusion between Alveston and Olveston, the Inquisition post mortem of Sir Gilbert Denys, taken at Chipping Sodbury on 25 June 1422, is given here: > Gilbert Denys held of the King in chief in his demesne as of fee by knight > service the manors of Alveston and Earthcott and the Hundred of Langley, > total annual value £19 5s. There are in the manor of Alveston 40s assize > rents and £6 rents of tenants at will at Michaelmas, Christmas, Easter and > the Nativity of St. John the Baptist in equal portions, 300 acres pasture > worth yearly 5d an acre, and a 20 acre meadow worth yearly 12d an acre. > There are in the manor of Earthcott 40s rents of tenants at will.
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8 (London, 1871), no. 715.For the income of Themis/Feismes, see Bibliothèque Nationale de France gallica on-line catalogue, Français 4588, item 59; Continuation d'un don d'une terre, au profit de "Greignau Colburn, gentilhomme escossois, cappitaine du chasteau de Feismes," auquel le roi HENRI II avait fait don, pour neuf ans, à partir du 1 janvier 1557, "de tout le revenu, proffit et esmolument de [ladite] terre et seigneurie de Feismes, ses appartenances et deppendances, ainsy qu'elle se poursuit et comporte, scituée et assize au village de Vitry." On 22 and 23 June 1560, Ninian (as Beaumont) met Thomas Gresham at Antwerp. He told Gresham the French ambassador was planning on behalf of Francis II of France to write to James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran, who had been commander of the Scot's Guard.
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The Gresleys of Drakelow, Falconer Madan MA (1899), Pedigrees, p.224A Survey of Staffordshire, Sampson Erdiswick (1820), pp.29-30Plea Rolls for Staffordshire: 15 Edward III', Collections for a History of Staffordshire, Vol. 11, ed. G Wrottesley and F Parker (London, 1890) - De Banco. Easter, 15 E. III., pp.112. Stafford Assize, concerning the manor of Biddulph and the advowson of the church there: Hawyse was married to one Henry de Verdon (and) the said Hawise having first turn as eldest sister in conjunction with Henry de Verdon, her husband He held the manor of Bucknall from his older brother Nicholas de Verdun of Alton, and gained other manors and lands through his marriage to Hawise, including Darlaston, Biddulph, Swadlincote, ThursfieldThe Gresleys of Drakelow, Falconer Madan MA (1899), Manors and Possessions of the Family, p.
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The hearing of judicial business in the province of Munster was delegated by the Lord President to the Chief Justice and the second justice, who were members of the Lord President's council and travelled with him on assize. In 1600 Queen Elizabeth I issued an order that both justices must always be in attendance on the Lord President, unless he gave them special leave of absence. In the court's earlier years, it seems that there was no central judicial seat: the court could be convened wherever the President thought it necessary. Due to the chronic disturbances in Elizabethan Munster, going on circuit could be a hazardous experience: there was a serious riot during the assizes at Tralee in 1579 in which several Court officials were reported to have been killed.
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In 1596 he took the Lincoln assizes with Chief-justice Anderson, the bulk of the criminal business consisting, as it would seem, of cases of ecclesiastical recusancy. The unknown writer of a letter preserved in the fourth volume of Strype's Annals says: > 'The demeanour of him (Anderson, a zealous high churchman) and the other > judge, as they sit by turns upon the gaol (with reverence I speak it) in > these matters is flat opposite; and they which are maliciously affected, > when Mr. Justice Clinch sitteth upon the gaol, do labour to adjourn their > complaints (though they be before upon the file) to the next assize; and the > gentlemen in the several shires are endangered by this means to be cast into > a faction' (Strype, Annals, fol., iv. 265). Clench is said to have been an especial favourite with Elizabeth.
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In 1747, the Rhode Island General Assembly authorized the creation of a Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery, consisting of one chief justice and four associates, all serving one year terms. The 1747 enactment replaced an earlier appeals court of the same name, which had been composed of the governor or deputy governor and at least six of the elected "assistants," which dated to 1729 under the same name and the composition dated back to the 1663 charter when it was known as the "General Court of Trials." This court had replaced an even earlier court formed under the Charter of 1644, a 1647 enactment of a code of laws, and a 1651 amendment creating appellate jurisdiction.Gail I. Winson, "Researching the Laws of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations: From Lively Experiment to Statehood" pg.
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Thomas was knighted by King Edward III, and married Joan Holbeache, and died during the reign of King Richard II. Generations later the Hall was in the possession of Edmonde Beaupré. After his death in 1567 leaving no male heirs, the hall succeeded to Sir Robert Bell, by virtue of marriage to Edmonde's daughter Dorothie in 1559; whereby his Beaupré line became extinct. Upon Sir Robert Bell's passing following the events of the Black Assize of Oxford, in 1577, the hall passed to his son Edmonde, and his heirs successively until finally in 1741, Beaupré Bell bequeathed the hall to his sister who married William Greaves, of Fulbourn. Their daughter Jane brought it by marriage to the Townley family, who held Beaupré Hall until it passed into the hands of Edward Fordham Newling, and his brother.
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Greene had begun his public service in February 1767 when he became a justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court (then called the Superior Court of Judicature, Court of Assize, and General Gaol Delivery), filling in for another member for a few months. He served another partial term on this court from 1768 to 1769, then in May 1774 he was again selected as a justice of the court, serving until February 1777 when he became the 20th Chief Justice of this body.Manual - the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (1891), p. 208-13. The only break in his tenure as a justice occurred for a few months during the summer of 1776 when he was given the rank of Colonel, moved temporarily to the War Department, and briefly replaced as justice by John Gardner.
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Wallace-Johnson was put on trial in front of the Assize Court in July and quickly convicted and fined £50.. Not all was lost for Wallace-Johnson—the publicity received by the trial helped increase WAYL membership by more than 1,500.Negro Worker, December 1936. In an anticipation of a guilt verdict, Wallace-Johnson and the WAYL began preparing for his appeal to England's Privy Council and hoped to obtain an English barrister to handle the case. The league asked their members to contribute five shillings to the appeal, but even then, the cost was far too great for the league to finance.. After learning that the cost of taking a case to the Privy Council was approximately 1,000 pounds, Wallace-Johnson immediately suspected that Gold Coast authorities had known that the cost of appeal would place the league in financial ruin..
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As such, for centuries, many Justices of the Court of King's Bench, those of the Court of Common Pleas, and barons of the Exchequer of Pleas in some seasons of the year travelled around the country contributing to five commissions: their civil commissions were those of assize and of nisi prius; their criminal law commissions were those of the peace, of oyer and terminer and of (or for) gaol delivery. The second commission heard cases which plaintiffs sought to receive priority. From an Act passed in the reign of King Edward I plaintiffs (claimants) could file pleadings at Westminster for the court to issue a writ to summon a jury to Westminster to appoint a time and place for hearing the causes there, stating the county of origin. Such writs used the words and form of nisi prius (Latin: "unless before").
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The Victoria County History (Surrey: 1911) cites numerous mentions in the Assize Rolls, Patent Rolls, Feet of Fines and the ecclesiastical records of Westminster and Lambeth Palaces. Traditionally the parish included the areas of the current civil parish and measured about 4½ miles from north to south, and from 2 to 2½ miles from east to west and contained 6,400 acres of land and 12 of water. The neighbourhood was for a time one of the wildest in Surrey: sheep-stealers, smugglers, and poachers found a refuge in these remote hills. Some of the cottages have, still existing, very large cellars (excavated easily in the sandy hill), stated to have been by H.E. Malden "far too large for any honest purpose, and were no doubt made for storing smuggled goods till they could be conveniently taken on to London".
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The Act is often wrongly described as the origin of the writ of habeas corpus. But the writ of habeas corpus had existed in various forms in England for at least five centuries before and is thought to have originated in the 12th Century Assize of Clarendon. It was guaranteed, but not created, by Magna Carta in 1215, whose article 39 reads: "No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or exiled or in any way destroyed, nor will we go upon him nor will we send upon him except upon the lawful judgement of his peers or the law of the land." The Act of 1679 followed an earlier Habeas Corpus Act of 1640, which established that the command of the King or the Privy Council was no answer to a petition of habeas corpus.
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The Act was passed in direct and urgent response to anxieties that doctor and accused murderer William Palmer would not be able to have a fair trial at the assize court in his native Staffordshire because of public revulsion at the allegations. By conducting Palmer's trial at a neutral venue, there could be no appeal for a retrial on the basis that the court and jury had been prejudiced against the defendant. However, an alternative hypothesis is that Palmer was a popular figure in Rugeley and would not have been found guilty by a Staffordshire jury: the implication being that the trial location was moved for political reasons so as to secure a guilty verdict. Lord Chief Justice Campbellthe senior judge at Palmer’s trialsuggested in his autobiography that, had Palmer been tried at Stafford Assizes, he would have been found not guilty.
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Out of these, 403 were released unconditionally and 106 were released on various conditions (they generally had to report to the police station monthly and adhere to a curfew after dark). The police eventually brought rioting charges against 200 people, of whom 25 were acquitted, 100 were convicted, 62 were referred to the Enquiry Advisory Committee, and seven were brought to trial at the Assize Court for wanton killing and five of them were subsequently sentenced to death on the gallows. One of the five that was sentenced to the gallows was A.K.S. Othman Ghani, a respectable Indian businessman from Madras, the founder of the once famous Jubilee Cafe and Restaurant. On 25 August 1951, Tunku Abdul Rahman, who would later become the first Prime Minister of Malaysia, took over as the president of UMNO, a Malay-centric party.
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Justice Eugene Reginald de Fonseka QC was a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka and served as the acting Chief Justice of Sri Lanka of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka in 1960 and 1962. He obtained his primary and secondary school education at the Royal College Colombo and continued to the University of Oxford where he read for a BA in jurisprudence, after graduating, he entered the Sri Lanka Law College and passed out as a Proctor and Advocate. De Fonseka worked at the Attorney Generals Department as a Crown Counsel in 1947. He rose to the position of Deputy Solicitor-General and was appointed as the Commissioner of Assize by the Supreme Court of Ceylon and later a puisne judge of the same Court, where on two occasions he served as the acting Chief justice of Ceylon.
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After three months Gilbert emerged from custody to find that from "the darling of the nation" he had become "the most infamous of men". The British House of Lords responded to the imprisonment of the Barons by passing the Dependency of Ireland on Great Britain Act 1719 (the notorious Act of the Sixth of George I) which took away the right of appeal to the Irish House and declared the right of the British Parliament to make laws for Ireland. Embittered by the loss of their powers, the Lords blamed Gilbert rather than their own provocative behaviour. He was venomously attacked by the influential Archbishop of Dublin, William King, and subjected to a campaign of petty persecution (he complained that while on assize at Longford he found it impossible to secure proper lodgings and had to sleep in the local barracks).
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Davies had extensive experience as a judge in lower courts before he was appointed to the High Court. He was deputy chairman of Northamptonshire Quarter Sessions from 1962 to 1971; Recorder of Grantham from 1963 to 1965 and of Derby from 1965 to 1971; Chancellor of the Diocese of Derby from 1971 to 1973; a Commissioner of Assize in Birmingham in 1970; and a Crown Court judge from 1972 to 1973. Davies became a judge of the High Court in 1973, receiving the customary knighthood. He was assigned to the Queen's Bench Division. As the senior judge, he became Keeper of the Juries List in 1988, taking charge of the limited number of English civil cases — principally defamation cases — in which a judge continues to sit as arbiter of the law, with a jury as tribunal of fact.
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Habeas corpus originally stems from the Assize of Clarendon, a re-issuance of rights during the reign of Henry II of England in the 12th century. The foundations for habeas corpus are "wrongly thought" to have originated in Magna Carta. This charter declared that: However the preceding article of Magna Carta, nr 38, declares: Pursuant to that language, a person may not be subjected to any legal proceeding, such as arrest and imprisonment, without sufficient evidence having already been collected to show that there is a prima facie case to answer. This evidence must be collected beforehand, because it must be available to be exhibited in a public hearing within hours, or at the most days, after arrest, not months or longer as may happen in other jurisdictions that apply Napoleonic-inquisitorial criminal laws where evidence is commonly sought after a suspect's incarceration.
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Sir Henry de Verdun (I) was recorded as being a Knight of Staffordshire in 1227'Staffordshire Assize Roll, 12 Henry III, at Stafford, 3rd November 1227' (Collections for a History of Staffordshire, Volume IV 1883, page 47): Ralph de Dulverne, John de Actun, Robert de Knihtele, Henry de Verdun, four knights summoned. Henry's brother Milo de Verdun is also mentioned and 1228 (with his brother Milo de Verdun)'Pleas of the Crown', Collections for a History of Staffordshire, Volume IV 1883, page 73-74: The verdict of twenty-four Knights of the County of Stafford...... Robert de Sogenhull, Hugh Baggod, Milo de Verdun, Robert de Mere, Henry de Verdun .... cont., and Sheriff of Staffordshire and Coroner there in 1228, seemingly in succession to Henry de Deneston.'Plea Rolls for Staffordshire: 1228', Staffordshire Historical Collections, vol. 4 (1883), p.
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The fees of the clerk of the peace were to be ascertained, and a table expressing them approved by the court of general quarter sessions and sanctioned by the judges of the assize. Such table was to be deposited with the clerk of the peace, and an exact written or printed copy placed and kept in a conspicuous part of the room where the quarter session held. The clerk of the peace, though appointed by the custos rotulorum, was, when so appointed, the clerk of the court of quarter sessions. In the year-books he was styled Attornatus Domini Regis; and he was therefore also so far an officer of the Crown, that the entries are made up, and the issues joined in his name, as those on the Crown side of the King's Bench were in the name of the master of the Crown office.
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One of the laws of Ethelred the Unready declared that untrustworthy men were to be sent to the triple ordeal, that is, an ordeal of hot iron where the iron is three times heavier than that used in the simple ordeal, unless his lord and two other knights swear that he has not been accused of a crime recently, in which case he would be sent to an ordinary ordeal of hot iron. Unlike other European societies, the English rarely employed the ordeal in non-criminal proceedings. The mandatory use of the ordeal in certain criminal proceedings appears to date from the Assize of Clarendon in 1166. Prior to then, compurgation was the most usual method of proof, and the ordeal was used in cases where there was some presumption of guilt against the accused or when the accused was bound to fail in compurgation.
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Daily deportations to Treblinka The Treblinka trials of the 1960s took place in Düsseldorf and produced the two official West German estimates. During the 1965 trial of Kurt Franz, the Court of Assize in Düsseldorf concluded that at least 700,000 people were killed at Treblinka, following a report by Dr. Helmut Krausnick, director of the Institute of Contemporary History. During Franz Stangl's trial in 1969 the same court reassessed the number to be at least 900,000 after new evidence from Dr. Wolfgang Scheffler. A chief witness for the prosecution at Düsseldorf in the 1965, 1966, 1968 and 1970 trials was Franciszek Ząbecki, who was employed by the Deutsche Reichsbahn as a rail traffic controller at Treblinka village from 22 May 1941. In 1977 he published his book Old and New Memories, in which he used his own records to estimate that at least 1,200,000 people died at Treblinka.
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Letter-Books A and B are chiefly concerned with recognizances of debts. These recognizances have their value as illustrating the commercial intercourse of the citizens of London with Gascony and Spain in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, more especially in connection with wine and leather; the names of those sworn as "correctors" (coretaru), or licensed brokers, of those commodities, appear on the first page of Letter-Book A. Another prominent feature of both these books is the record of the Assize of Bread, as set from time to time by the municipal authorities; although also irregularly kept, with little respect paid to chronological order. The recognizances in Letter-Book A terminate in 1294, and are immediately followed by a series of deeds extending from 1281 to 1293. The remainder of the volume is occupied by miscellaneous matters and additions of a later date, inserted wherever space permitted.
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Once effective cannons were available, walls were of far less defensive value and rulers needed expensive field armies to keep control of a territory. This encouraged the formation of princely and kingly states, which needed to tax the common people much more heavily to pay for the expensive weapons and armies required to provide security in the new age. Up until the late 15th century, surviving medieval treaties on government were concerned with advising rulers on how to serve the common good: Assize of Bread is an example of medieval law specifically drawn up in the interests of the common people. But then works by Philippe de Commines, Niccolò Machiavelli and later Cardinal Richelieu began advising rulers to consider their own interests and that of the state ahead of what was "good", with Richelieu explicitly saying the state is above morality in doctrines such as Raison d'Etat.
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This magnificent building, its porch possibly designed by Inigo Jones, would have been seen every time the young John Bunyan walked into Elstow village and may have been the original inspiration for his 'House Beautiful' in "The Pilgrim's Progress". Fairs continued to be held at Elstow throughout this period, though on a smaller scale, and Moot Hall continued to be used for court hearings. In 1554, Thomas Bonyon (John Bunyan's great-great-grandfather) was a member of the "homage" (the Manor Court's presiding jury) when his wife was fined 1 penny for 'breaking the assize of ale'. (Mrs Bonyon also appears on subsequent manor court rolls for committing further offences involving the sale of ale or bread!) Moot Hall continued to be used for court hearings until the establishment of the magistrates' court system in the 19th century, when a courthouse was built in Bedford.
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Slavery was a legal institution in all of the 13 American colonies and Canada (acquired by Britain in 1763). The profits of the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to 5% of the British economy at the time of the Industrial Revolution. A little-known incident in the career of Judge Jeffreys refers to an assize in Bristol in 1685 when he made the mayor of the city, then sitting fully robed beside him on the bench, go into the dock and be fined £1000 for being a "kidnapping knave"; some Bristol traders at the time were known at the time to kidnap their own countrymen and ship them away as slaves.Patrick Medd,"Romilly", Collins, 1968, p. 149. Somersett's case in 1772 was generally taken at the time to have decided that the condition of slavery did not exist under English law in England.
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Cunningham & Waterhouse, p. 142 Under the supervision of one of the seniors a team would be assembled for each job, for example forty draughtsmen were involved at Manchester Town Hall, although it was usually below twenty at any given time. The drawings from 1858 were consistent in style throughout Waterhouses's career, it was a crisp style with strong lines with colour coding, buff red for brick, yellow for stone, brown for timber, blue for metal. Blueprints were introduced into the office in c.1890.Cunningham & Waterhouse, p. 143 Waterhouse also employed his own quantity surveyor, from 1860 to 1875 this was Michael Robinson, though of the one hundred jobs he was involved in most were in the north. Waterhouse also sought reliable clerk of works, for example J. Battye, he worked on the Manchester Assize Courts, Yorkshire College and the Victoria Building University of Liverpool.Cunningham & Waterhouse, p.
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King James I, mortal enemy of the Albany Stewarts Duke Murdoch, his sons Walter and Alexander, and Duncan, Earl of Lennox were in Stirling Castle for their trial on 18 May 1425, at a prorogued parliament in the presence of the King. An assize of seven earls and fourteen lesser nobles heard the evidence that linked the prisoners to the rebellion in the Lennox--in a trial lasting just one day the four men were found guilty of treason. The jury which condemned them was composed of 21 knights and Peers, including Albany's half uncle Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, first cousin Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar, first cousins once removed Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas, and Alexander, Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles.George Crawfurd, p.159, A General Description of the Shire of Renfrew (1818) Retrieved November 2010 Walter was condemned on 24 May.
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Nevertheless, Potts "seems to give a generally trustworthy, although not comprehensive, account of an Assize witchcraft trial, provided that the reader is constantly aware of his use of written material instead of verbatim reports". The trials took place not quite seven years after the Gunpowder Plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament in an attempt to kill King James and the Protestant aristocracy had been foiled. It was alleged that the Pendle witches had hatched their own gunpowder plot to blow up Lancaster Castle, although historian Stephen Pumfrey has suggested that the "preposterous scheme" was invented by the examining magistrates and simply agreed to by James Device in his witness statement. It may therefore be significant that Potts dedicated The Wonderfull Discoverie to Thomas Knyvet and his wife Elizabeth; Knyvet was the man credited with apprehending Guy Fawkes and thus saving the King.
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Markiv's attorney requests the cancellation of all work done by the woman during the trial. A year later, a witness declared that she became aware of the real reasons behind the translator's abandonment of the job, declaring that the latter would have been threatened in a telephone call by an unknown person, in Ukrainian language, who would have asked her to retract their translations. On 12 July 2019 the Court of Assize of the Tribunal of Pavia has sentenced Markiv to 24 years of detention in prison in concurs of guilt with the Ukrainian state, the public prosecutor had asked for Markiv a 17 years sentence. The same sentence, furthermore, calls for the forwarding of the file concerning Commander Bogdan Matkiwsky for investigation by the Rome Prosecutor's Office because he is deemed the direct superior of Markiv during the operations that killed Rocchelli and Mironov.
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Bouchier is first mentioned as deputed by Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford (1257–1331) to represent him in the parliament summoned in 1306 for the purpose of granting an aid on the occasion of the Prince of Wales (the future King Edward II (1307–1327)) receiving knighthood. In 1312 he was permitted to postpone for three years the assumption of his own knighthood, an expensive and burdensome honour, on paying a fine of 100 shillings. In 1314–1315 his name is recorded as one of the Justices of Assize for the counties of Kent, Surrey, and Sussex, and also on various commissions for the years 1317, 1319, and 1320. On 15 May 1321 he was summoned as a justice to parliament at Westminster, apparently for the first time, and on 31 May 1321 he was appointed a Justice of the Common Pleas.
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Lying within the historic county boundaries of Lancashire since the early 12th century, Milnrow was a component area of Butterworth, an ancient rural township within the parish of Rochdale and hundred of Salford. Under feudalism, Butterworth was governed by a number of ruling families, including the Byrons, who would later be granted the title of Baron Byron, or Lord of the Manor of Rochdale. The Knights Hospitaller held powers in Butterworth- by way of a grant from King Henry III of England in the 13th century, they were able to hold legal trials of suspected thieves, exercise the Assize of Bread and Ale, and perform public hangings. Throughout the Late Middle Ages, local men acted as jurors and constables for the purposes of upholding law and order in Butterworth. By 1825, there were several villages in Butterworth including Butterworth Hall, Haugh, Lady Houses, Little Clegg, Newhey, Ogden, Moorhouse, Schofield Hall and Milnrow itself, which was distinguished from the others as Butterworth's only chapelry.
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During this period indictments became lengthy, confusing and highly technical, firstly because of the large number of new criminal offences created and secondly because of the back-and-forth between counsel for the defence and the prosecution, one attempting to spot loopholes in the indictment and the other attempting to close them.Alexander (1916) p.238 A slight misspelling on the indictment rendered it invalid, and all errors were taken in favour of the prisoner.Winfield (2007) p.51 An additional contributory factor was that the indictments were drafted by clerks of assize who were only paid once per set of indictments – if the indictment was not valid they had to write a new one for free, and they therefore had a vested interest in making them as detailed and complex as possible to avoid subtle flaws. By the turn of the 20th century indictments were so complex that some barristers such as Archibald Bodkin had a practice specialising in writing them.
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John's preferred plan was to use Poitou as a base of operations, advance up the Loire Valley to threaten Paris, pin down the French forces and break Philip's internal lines of communication before landing a maritime force in the Duchy itself. Ideally, this plan would benefit from the opening of a second front on Philip's eastern frontiers with Flanders and Boulogne – effectively a re- creation of Richard's old strategy of applying pressure from Germany. All of this would require a great deal of money and soldiers.Turner, p. 107. John spent much of 1205 securing England against a potential French invasion. As an emergency measure, he recreated a version of Henry II's Assize of Arms of 1181, with each shire creating a structure to mobilise local levies. When the threat of invasion faded, John formed a large military force in England intended for Poitou, and a large fleet with soldiers under his own command intended for Normandy.
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Edited by James Kelly Aberystwyth 1990 He was particularly concerned by the perennial difficulty of finding enough judges to go on assize, and was unhappy at the usual remedy of appointing the Serjeants-at-law and Law Officers as temporary judges. In his view these judges lacked judicial independence and did not have the stature to challenge powerful local interests.Hart A.R. History of the King's Serjeants at Law in Ireland Four Courts Press 2000 He also observed that Irish barristers generally earned significantly less than their English counterparts, even though the fees they charged were often higher. This he believed was due partly due to the number of barristers who went on circuit, even though there was not enough work on the circuits to go round, and partly because solicitors then argued most of the preliminary motions in a cvil trial themselves, thus depriving the Irish Bar of a major source of income.
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Luzara, ad Padum, in Duc. Mantuano; ..., (Luceria, or Nuceria, known from Ptolemy, a town in Cisalpine Gaul, is now the fortress of Luzara near Padua in the duchy of Mantua) and Ludovico Antonio Muratori (1744)Lodovico Antonio Muratori, Annali d'Italia, Milano, 1744, II, p 438: "As recorded in the Laws of the Codex Theodosianus... for a good part of the present year the Augustus Valentinian stayed in Milan; then he made an assize through various cities of Italy, as demonstrated by those of his laws which were issued in Sinigaglia, Fano, Verona, Aquileja, and Luceria (which cannot be the city in the Kingdom of Naples, but perhaps Luzzara in Mantua or in Guastala)" thought that Luceria was ancient Luzzara, which is usually considered to have been founded by the Lombards, although recently Roman and pre-Roman remains have been discovered in the apse of the Church of San Giorgio, which make the equation more plausible.
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The bailiff regulated the market by ensuring the assize of bread and ale, appointing two ale-tasters yearly, and acted as clerk of the market. Disputes over the respective rights and duties of town and manor were settled in 1409 by an agreement whereby Michael Bageley and six other named burgesses agreed, on behalf of themselves and their successors, to pay 40 shillings a year to Sir John de Bohun, Lord of the Manor, and his heirs, for the right to take the market tolls. In return they were required to hold both the three-weekly courts and to conduct two 'law days' in the name of Sir John. If they failed for a whole year to hold the courts the agreement should lapse, and if they neglected to keep the streets and ditches in order the lord's manorial officers should be responsible for apprehending offenders, but were required to hand over any fines to the burgesses.
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One of the earliest mentions of the name is “Styr (Saxon for Stor) who gave the manor of Durham with other places to the Abbot of Lindisfarne in the year 999 A.D.” (Symeonis Dunelmensis, vol I, pp. 150–154.) The forenames Stori and Estori (without surname) are recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 (Derbyshire), a survey of England conducted for William the Conqueror. Those who bore such names were of Norse blood. (The Scandinavian "Stor", "Stori" and "Storius" occur prior to Domesday Survey.) Afterwards, the name can be traced down in the Northern English counties, particularly Yorkshire. The surname Story is first found in the 1248 Feet of Fines or Fine Court Rolls of Essex, and shows to be that of a certain Alexander (Essex Arch. Soc. 4 Vols, 1899 - 1964). A “Reginaldus filius [son of] Story” is mentioned in the Assize Court Rolls of Yorkshire (1219) (York Arch. Soc. 44, 100, 1911, 1939; Seldon Soc.
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At any rate, in 1464 (9 Aug.), Billing was added to the three judges of the king's bench, but by the king's writ only: and the question being thereupon raised, it was decided that a commission in addition to the writ was required for the appointment of a justice of assize. Baker in his Chronology,' and Hale in his ‘Pleas of the Crown,' says that on the trial of Walter Walker for treason in 1460, for having said to his son, 'Tom, if thou behavest thyself well, I will make thee heir to the Crown' i.e. of the Crown Inn, of which he was landlord, Billing ruled a conviction, and Lord Campbell accepts the story. But it would seem from the report of the judgment of Chief- justice Bromley in the trial of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, 17 April 1554, that the judge at that trial was John Markham, afterwards chief justice next before Billing, and that he directed an acquittal.
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The Serjeant would then be greeted by the Lord Chancellor, who would inform him of his new position; the letters patent would then be read out in court, and the new justice would swear an oath to do "justice without favour, to all men pleading before him, friends and foes alike", not to "delay to do so even though the king should command him by his letters or by word of mouth to the contrary" or "receive from anyone except the king any fee or other pension or livery nor take any gift from the pleaders before him, except food and drink of no great price".Hastings (1966) p.82 The innovation of appointment by letters patent was a scheme of Edward III's to avoid the potential for bribery, by providing a method through which judges could be paid. This income was supplemented through work on commissions of assize, gaol deliveries, and oyer and terminer.
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Trial at nisi prius before the Judicature Act 1873 Before the reforms of the Judicature Act 1873, civil cases at common law were begun in one of the three courts that sat in Westminster Hall: the Court of Common Pleas, Court of Exchequer and King's Bench. Because of their historical origins, these courts were to some extent in competition, especially as their respective judges and officers lived on the fees deriving from them. Given that travel to London was an onerous burden during the medieval period, however, the Statute of Westminster II provided in 1285 for trial of fact in civil cases at the local assizes. Nisi prius translates as "if not sooner" or "if not before" in addition to "unless first": when the action was started in London, the sheriff was ordered to have the jurors there for trial on a certain day "unless before" (nisi prius) that day the case was heard at assize in the claimant's county.
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Establishing the "truth" of facts through the rational process of an Assize Court (later superseded by the jury) was given as an alternative to the options of trial by ordeal, or the use of champions as substitutes, or the use of character testimonials rather than evidence to determine the outcome of legal contests. Tractatus, Introduction to Beame's translation, by Joseph Henry Beale The emergence at this time of the doctrine of res judicata brought finality to the verdicts rendered, complementing the Tractatus though not a part of it, and serving to emphasize that the Tractatus was itself a part of Henry's reforms, but not the only part. Ecclesiastical courts retained jurisdiction over matters of marriage, legitimacy, wills, ecclesiastical issues, and redress for breach of ordinary contracts, but the writs of the King's Court prevented them from intruding elsewhere. The effect was unifying, and trial by jury in the King's Court was so popular that it deprived other courts of litigation.
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These Grands Jours (an institution which fell into desuetude at the end of the 17th century, with bad effects on the social and political welfare of the French provinces) were a kind of irregular assize in which a commission of the parlement of Paris, selected and dispatched at short notice by the king, had full power to hear and determine all causes, especially those in which seignorial rights had been abused. At the Grands Jours of Poitiers of the date mentioned and at those of Troyes in 1583, Pasquier officiated; and each occasion has left a curious literary memorial of the jests with which he and his colleagues relieved their graver duties. The Poitiers work was the celebrated collection of poems on flea (La Puce de Madame Des Roches, published 1583; see Catherine Des Roches). In 1585 Pasquier was appointed by Henry III advocate-general at the Paris cours des comptes, an important body having political as well as financial and legal functions.
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The Assize court last sat here in October 1970. Wells elects five councillors to Mendip District Council from the same three wards as are used for the City Council (two are returned from St Cuthbert's, two from St Thomas' and one from Central).Mendip District Council Election results summary (2011) The Mendip district was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 and the district council is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism. Wells is an electoral division (with the same boundaries as the civil parish) of Somerset and returns one councillor to Somerset County Council,Somerset County Council Councillors by Division which is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.
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Hepburn is believed to have intrigued with the widowed Queen Mary of Gueldres, a young and beautiful woman. He attached himself to the party of the Boyds, and was concerned in the seizure of King James III at Linlithgow on 9 July 1466, for which he obtained a remission from Parliament dated 13 October that year. Adam Hepburn of Dunsyre is one of the several illustrious jurors on an Assize, 5 March 1470/1, which acquitted Andrew Ker of Cessford of aiding and abetting James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Angus "traitor from England within Scotland", for his association with Robert Boyd, 1st Lord Boyd after he was declared a rebel, and other accusations, all of which Ker had denied. Others on the jury were Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus, David Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Crawford, Alexander Cunningham, Lord Kilmaurs, James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton, and Sir Alexander Lauder of Haltoun. (Hist. MSS).
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Although Lyndon was a sincere Protestant, (being a friend of Ormonde, he was most likely a staunch Anglican), the Catholic King James II, despite his policy of replacing Irish Protestant office-holders with Catholics in so far as possible, left Lyndon in peace until after the Glorious Revolution of 1688. James's arrival in Ireland in 1689 put Lyndon and the other remaining Protestants on the Irish Bench in a very difficult position, as they were naturally suspected of sympathising with the new King William III. Lyndon and his wife tried to escape to England, taking their valuables with them, but they were arrested at the waterside and their goods were seized. His enemies claimed that Lyndon then agreed to preside at the trials of suspected enemies of the Jacobite regime, as a bribe for the return of his property, and he did resume his position as justice of assize in Ulster for a time.
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The Court considered the language used in the statement and found that Tuberville did not express any intention to do any harm to Savage in the given circumstances. Tuberville's expressed words indicated that he was not going to harm Savage because the justices of assize were in town, and his laying his hand on his sword was to be interpreted in conjunction with those words, namely as an indication or description of what he would have done were the judges not nearby. Therefore, Tuberville's conduct was insufficient to put a reasonable person in Savage's situation in apprehension of immediate violence, as it involved neither a subjective intent to do so nor an act reasonably construable as doing so, at least one of which would have been required for Tuberville's action to constitute an assault. As such, Tuberville's conduct constituted neither an attack that would have justified Savage in defending himself nor even provocation sufficient to mitigate Savage's culpability for his response.
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This lordship was held of the Montforts soon after the Conquest, by the de Bukenham family which took its name from the manor. William de Bukenham, son of Sir Ralph de Bukenham, had a charter for free-warren here, in Ellingham, and Illington, 38th Henry III and before this, in the 4th of King John, a fine was levied between William de Bukenham tenant, and Petronilla de Mortimer, petent, of the advowson of the church of Bukenham-Parva, and the moiety of a mill. In the 3d year of King Edward I Simon de Nevyle was lord, and had the assize of bread and beer of his tenants, and was patron of the church. In 1300, Hubert Hacon held it, and presented; after this, Margery, relict of Roger Cosyn of Elyngham-Magna, presented in 1313, as lady of the manor; and in 1323, John Polys of Wilton; but in 1337, Sir Simon de Hederset, Knt.
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By mid–1215 he was among those whose forfeiture was specifically ordered by John, and after the creation of the Magna Carta he was forced to forfeit his other High Shrievalties as well. When hostilities began again John had Braybrooke's lands parcelled out to other landowners, but Braybrooke continued to support Prince Louis of France, defending Mountsorrel Castle against the royalists and participating in the Battle of Lincoln. After the Treaty of Lambeth Braybrooke submitted to John's young successor, Henry III, and had many of his lands restored. Although he never became a High Sheriff again, he served as a royal justice in Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, and was tasked from 10 June 1224 to hear an Assize of novel disseisin against Falkes de Breauté; he was perfectly suited, firstly because he was a vassal of William de Beauchamp, who had had Bedford Castle taken from him by de Breauté, and secondly because de Breauté now held the High Shrievalties of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, previous Braybrooke's.
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On 15 April 1601 Archibald was displaying confiscated household goods including the portraits of James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark at the cross and was seen to be standing on a table about to hang the pictures on two nails on the gallows or gibbet. He was stopped by a crowd of passers-by who threatened to stone him. The English diplomat George Nicholson wrote that displaying the paintings there was accounted "an ill presage" and a "dishonour to the king". Cornwall was arrested and later accused of the "Ignominious Dishonouring and Defaming of his Majesties". On 17 April Edinburgh Town Council passed an act against the sale of the portraits of the king or queen in private or public, and informed the king who was at Dalkeith Palace. Archibald was found guilty by an assize composed of Edinburgh tailors and condemned to be hung on Monday 27 April and remain on the same gibbet for 24 hours.
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William Devereux was among them when he impleaded his uncle, Roger Bigod Earl of Norfolk and Marshal of England, for half a knight's fee in Runston and the vill of St. Peter in Netherwent.James Conway Davies (editor). The Welsh Assize Roll, 1277-1284. (Cardiff: University of Wales, 1940). Pages 181 to 183, 304 to 306, 339 to 346 On 6 October 1280 William, the son of William Devereux, put in his place Adam de Walinton or John Russel or William Comyn against Bigod in a plea of half a knight's fee. An essoin was taken at the Church of St. Michael in Elfael, on 1 December 1280, from William de Glanvill, attorney of the Earl of Norfolk, against William Devereux in a plea of land, by Richard de Branford. On 28 January 1282 Devereux presented his claim against Roger Bigod for the half knight's fee in Runston and the vill of St. Peter in Netherwent as his right by descent as the son and heir of the William Devereux who was seised of the property in the time of King Henry III.
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This demand excited growing popular discontent, which now began to see in it a determination on the part of the King to dispense altogether with parliamentary government. Charles, therefore, obtained a written opinion, signed by ten out of twelve judges consulted, to the effect that in time of national danger, of which the Crown was the sole judge, ship money might legally be levied on all parts of the country by writ under the Great Seal. The issue of a third writ of ship money on 9 October 1636 made it evident that the ancient restrictions that limited the levying of the tax to the maritime parts of the Kingdom and to times of war (or imminent national danger) had been finally swept away, and that the King intended to convert it into a permanent and general form of taxation without parliamentary sanction. The judges again, at Charles's request, gave an opinion favourable to the prerogative, which was read by Lord Coventry in the Star Chamber and by the judges on assize.
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The hundred () was an English unit of measurement used in the production, sale, and taxation of various items in the medieval kingdom of England. The value was often not equal to 100 units, mostly owing to the continued medieval use of the Germanic long hundred of 120. The unit's use as a measure of weight is now described as a hundredweight. The Latin edition of the Assize of Weights and Measures, one of the statutes of uncertain date from around the year 1300, describes hundreds of (red) herring (a long hundred of 120 fish), beeswax, sugar, pepper, cumin, and alum (" stone, each stone containing 8 pounds" or 108 Tower lbs.), coarse and woven linen, hemp canvas (a long hundred of 120 ells), and iron or horseshoes and shillings (a short hundred of 100 pieces).. & & Later versions used the Troy or avoirdupois pounds in their reckonings instead and included hundreds of fresh herrings (a short hundred of 100 fish), cinnamon, nutmegs ( stone of 8 lb), and garlic ("15 ropes of 15 heads" or 225 heads).
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Edmonds later tried to have the small issue made public but in November 1947, HMSO was ordered to destroy the type of the book. (The volume remained unseen, until the Fifty-year Rule was amended to the Thirty-year rule in 1967, that allowed the public to view the surviving copies.) The failings of the volume raised questions as to the suitability of Edmonds continuing as Director of the Historical Section for the rest of the series but given that it was beyond his normal area of expertise, he was allowed to carry on and produced a short account of the Occupation of Constantinople, saw the remaining volumes on the Western Front through to publication and retired in July 1949, just before the publication of the final volume Military Operations: Italy, 1915–1919 (1949), ended thirty years' work. Edmonds was somewhat chagrined when the War Office ordered 800 copies of Assize of Arms (1946) by Brigadier-General J. H. Morgan (20 March 1876 – 8 April 1955), that he called far more outspoken on the occupation.
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The time was ripe for the task: ever since the Norman conquest, regular courts of justice had been at work administering a law that had grown out of an admixture of Teutonic custom and of Norman feudalism. Under Henry II, the courts had been organised, and the practice of keeping regular records of the proceedings had been carefully observed. The centralising influence of the royal courts and of the justices of assize, working steadily through three centuries, had made the rules governing the law of property uniform throughout the land; local customs were confined within certain prescribed limits, and were only recognised as giving rise to certain well defined classes of rights, such, for instance, as the security of tenure acquired by villains by virtue of the custom of the manor, and the rights of freeholders, in some towns, to dispose of their land by will. Thus, by the time of Littleton (Henry VI and Edward IV), an immense mass of material had been acquired and preserved in the rolls of the various courts.
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Historians have studied documents such as the Domesday Book, compiled by William I of England, in search of the first record of the Jack surname, and found it to be of Norman origin, first appearing in Yorkshire where they held a family seat as Lords of the Manor of Nether Silton in the North Riding of the region. At the time of the Doomsday Book in 1086, Nether Silton was recorded as a village with a hall and the tenant-in-chief was the Count of Mortain.Swyrich Corporation, The Most Distinguished Surname Jack,1998 The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William Jagge, from Cambridgeshire dated 1251, in the "Chartulary of Ramsey Abbey", during the reign of King Henry III, who was known as "The Frenchman", 1216 – 1272, a witness in the Assize Court Rolls of Cambridgeshire in 1260.Swyrich Corporation, The Most Distinguished Surname Jack,1998 Katherine Jeke of Wikington in Stafford married Robert Farnham, Lord of Querndon in 1440.
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Historians have studied documents such as the Domesday Book, compiled by William I of England, in search of the first record of the Jack surname, and found it to be of Norman origin, first appearing in Yorkshire where they held a family seat as Lords of the Manor of Nether Silton in the North Riding of the region. At the time of the Doomsday Book in 1086, Nether Silton was recorded as a village with a hall and the tenant-in-chief was the Count of Mortain.Swyrich Corporation, The Most Distinguished Surname Jack,1998 The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William Jagge, from Cambridgeshire dated 1251, in the "Chartulary of Ramsey Abbey", during the reign of King Henry III, who was known as "The Frenchman", 1216 – 1272, a witness in the Assize Court Rolls of Cambridgeshire in 1260.Swyrich Corporation, The Most Distinguished Surname Jack,1998 Katherine Jeke of Wikington in Stafford married Robert Farnham, Lord of Querndon in 1440.
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See, for example, "Evictions in County Armagh" Freeman's Journal and Commercial Advertiser, March 26, 1883, and "Assize News", Belfast- Newsletter, March 6, 1872 The Argory, principal residence of Walter MacGeough Bond, whose family owned the townland from 1803 onwards. Matters escalated with the following the establishment of the Land League, which was active in the area, and whose campaign led to withholding of rent by a number of the tenants in the townland and surrounding districts. On 12 April 1882, a force of twenty police, accompanied by bailiffs and assistants of Mr. McGeough, arrived and began executing forty ejectment decrees for non-payment of rents in the townland and surrounding districts. The Belfast News-Letter reports their progress as follows: Tensions appear to have reduced somewhat, however, following the famous Crossmaglen Conspiracy case, in which a number of men from across the southern parts of the County were listed in the ‘Crossmaglen Book’ and ‘Mullaghbawn Book’ as being members of the "Patriotic Brotherhood" (153 in the former and 65 in the latter), which aimed to overthrow landlordism in the area.
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From the writ it appears that the ordinary justices itinerant for that county were behind with their business, and it would seem that Mortimer and Beaufo were appointed "justices of assize" for that occasion only. In the same year and that following he travelled the large western circuit of that day, which stretched from Cornwall to Southampton in one direction, and Staffordshire and Shropshire in another, as one of the first commission of trailbaston issued for those counties. The popular odium which he excited, and of which the memory is preserved by a line, "Spigurnel e Belflour sunt gens de cruelté", in a ballad of the time celebrating the doings of the commission, proves him to have displayed exceptional vigour in the performance of his duty. In a writ of uncertain date he is joined with William de Bereford and two other judges in a commission to inquire into the obstruction of the Thames between London and Oxford by weirs, locks, and mills, which was considered so serious a grievance by the merchants who were in the habit of travelling or sending goods by water between the two towns, that they had petitioned the king for its redress.
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We find him summoned with the other judges to parliament at Northampton by Edward II in 1307, and to attend the coronation of that monarch in 1308. He was not summoned to parliament after that year. He is classed as a tenant of land or rents to the value of £20 or upwards in Berkshire and Oxfordshire in a writ of summons to muster at London for service overseas issued in 1297; in 1301 he was included in the list of those summoned to attend the king at Berwick-on-Tweed with horses and arms for the invasion of Scotland, as one of the contingents to be furnished by the counties of Bedford and Buckingham. From a grant enrolled in the King's Bench we know that he possessed land at Great Multon, in Oxfordshire, and from the record of an assize of "novel disseisin" preserved in the rolls of the same court it appears that his daughter Isabella acquired by marriage a title to an estate in Little Bereford in the same county, which a subsequent divorce and remarriage was held not to divest.
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The Manors of Wellow and Grimston have Anciently been held by the Lords of Jordon Castle, and the Lords of the Manor of Wellow In 1290 Richard Foliot, Knight of Jordon Castle had the Rights of Stallage of the Market and Fair on St. Swithuns day valued at 40s yearly in Wellow. Jordan Foliot, Baron de Foliot, Lord of Jordon Castle was granted the power to embattle his dwelling at Jordon Castle, he was the Lord of the Manor of Grimston, and Wellow, and of Besthorpe, with the Soc of Grimston, and its members, in Kirton Schidrintune, in Willoughby, and Walesby, in Besthorpe, and Carleton, and in Franesfeild. Cratley and Walesby have been held as Sub Manor of Wellow and Grimston. There was an assize in the time of King John, between the Abbot of Rufford, and William, son of Robert, and others, concerning Common of Pasture in Wellow and Grimston, The Abbot pleaded that they could not claim nor have any common of pasture in the pasture of the said Abbot, nor he in theirs, because the said lands and pastures were granted from lands of divers Baronies (or lordships) viz.
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Portrait miniature of John Henry Newman, by William Charles Ross Newman was at home again in Oxford on 9 July 1833 and, on 14 July, Keble preached at St Mary's an assize sermon on "National Apostasy", which Newman afterwards regarded as the inauguration of the Oxford Movement. In the words of Richard William Church, it was "Keble who inspired, Froude who gave the impetus, and Newman who took up the work"; but the first organisation of it was due to Hugh James Rose, editor of the British Magazine, who has been styled "the Cambridge originator of the Oxford Movement". Rose met Oxford Movement figures on a visit to Oxford looking for magazine contributors, and it was in his rectory house at Hadleigh, Suffolk, that a meeting of High Church clergy was held over 25–26 July (Newman was not present, but Hurrell Froude, Arthur Philip Perceval, and William Palmer had gone to visit Rose), at which it was resolved to fight for "the apostolical succession and the integrity of the Prayer Book". A few weeks later Newman started, apparently on his own initiative, the Tracts for the Times, from which the movement was subsequently named "Tractarian".
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Ball p.353 In 1662 he became Chief Justice of Connacht, and made a valuable ally in the Lord President of Connaught, Lord Berkeley.Ball p.353 As a judge he was noted for willingness to give impartial justice to Roman Catholics, which no doubt fuelled the general belief that he was a Catholic himself.Maxwell-Perceval, M. Outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641 McGill-Queen's University Press 1994 p.133 In 1670, Lord Berkeley, during his relatively brief term as Lord Lieutenant, promoted Jones to a seat on the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland), and he was transferred in 1672 to the Court of King's Bench (Ireland).Ball p.353 This promotion no doubt caused some comment in view of his known leaning towards Catholicism; but in post- Restoration Ireland the religious atmosphere was relatively tolerant, especially in the early 1670s, and Jones was far from being the only High Court judge with Catholic leanings.Ball p,286 He was even spoken of as a possible Lord Chief Justice of Ireland in 1673, although his religious beliefs probably did disqualify him on that occasion. He continued to go regularly as judge of assize to Connacht.
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Charleton was educated, it is said, at both Oxford and Cambridge, but was more closely connected with Oxford, of which he became a doctor of civil law and a licentiate, if not also a doctor, in theology. In 1336, he became prebendary of Hereford, of which see his kinsman Thomas Charlton was then bishop. He next appears, with his brother Humphrey, as holding prebends in the collegiate church of Pontesbury, of which Lord Charlton was patron. In 1340, Adam of Coverton petitione to the king against him on the ground of obstructing him in collecting tithes belonging to St. Michael's, Shrewsbury. A royal commission was appointed to inquire into the case, which in 1345 was still pending. Lewis had apparently succeeded Thomas the bishop to this prebend, and on his resignation in 1359 was succeeded by Humphrey, who held all three prebends in succession. In 1348, he appears as signing, as doctor of civil law, an indenture between the town and university of Oxford that the should have a common assize and assay of weights and measures. He was probably continuously resident as a teacher at Oxford; of which university his brother became chancellor some time before 1354.
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Today the church holds four services on a Sunday, together with a short Communion service on a Tuesday, on a weekly basis, which cater for a local population (largely drawn from outside the parish, since most of the residential areas of St Helier are served by several district churches), and in the summer especially numerous visitors, situated as it is within easy walking distance of several hotels. However, it is also used for various other services: in addition to weddings and funerals, its location next door to the States of Jersey building and the Royal Court makes it the scene of civic services such as that following the Assize d’Heritage, a ceremony marking the start of the legal year, and the service following the annual session of the Ecclesiastical Court in which churchwardens and other church officers are sworn in at the Royal Court. It is also the location of the services related to the swearing in of new Lieutenant Governors. As a Pro-Cathedral, it is the seat of the Bishop of Winchester in the Channel Islands, and the church possesses a crosier for his use.
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The only case that had specifically considered what "unlawfully" meant in the context of abortion was a 1938 English case heard in the Courts of Assize, R v Bourne. In that case, Dr Bourne was charged with the crime of abortion under section 58 of the Offences Against The Person Act 1861 (the same section on which the Victorian law drew). During his summing up, the trial judge instructed the jury that "no person ought to be convicted [of the crime of abortion] unless the jury are satisfied the act was not done in good faith for the purpose only of preserving the life of the mother."R v Bourne [1938] 3 All ER 615 The trial judge said that first this was the appropriate definition of abortion at common law, and secondly that although particular wording did not appear in the definition of the crime of abortion, it did appear in the definition of the crime of child destruction (which applies when a person kills a child during childbirth), and that the word "unlawfully" in the definition of abortion implied that the wording should also apply to abortion.
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The offense of stealing a horse was the most severely punished of any theft on Russian estates, due to the importance of horses in day-to-day living. Flogging was the usual punishment for horse thieves, combined with the shaving of heads and beards, and fines of up to three times the value of the horse if the animal had been sold. Since Henry VIII's reign, horse theft was considered a serious crime in England.Drew D. Gray, Crime, Policing and Punishment in England, 1660-1914 (Bloomsbury: 2016), p. 130. It was made a non-clergyable crime in 1597-98 and 1601.Steve Hindle The State and Social Change in Early Modern England, 1550–1640 (Palgrave, 2000), pp. 61-62. For the rural English county of Berkshire in the 18th century, horse theft was considered a major property crime, along with stealing from dwellings or warehouses, sheep theft, highway robbery and other major thefts.Knafla, p. 201 In Essex in the 18th century, some assize judges decided to execute every horse thief convicted to deter the crime. From around the 1750s until 1818, between 13% and 14% of persons convicted of horse theft in Home, Norfolk, and Western circuits were executed.Clive Emsley, Crime and Society in England, 1750-1900 (2013), p. 271, table 10.3.
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Curia Regis Rolls. (London: Public Record Office). Page 171; Michaelmas Term, 19 November 13 John 1211 In January 1212 the assize was put in respite again due to a lack of jurors, and a new date given on 9 April 1212.Curia Regis Rolls, Volume 6, 13 John I to 14 John I. (London: Public Record office, 1971). Page 194; Curia Regis Roll 54; Hilary Term On 21 May 1212, the hearing was delayed yet again due to lack of jurors, and a claim by Peter de Barton that William de Lechelade had not recovered from his previous illness. The court did not require Cecilia Devereux to accept this excuse as 4 knights had not yet confirmed his illness, and a new date was set.Curia Regis Rolls. (London: Public Record Office). Page 339; Trinity Term, 14 John I, Membrane 10 On 24 June 1212 the final hearing took place, and the jury found in favor of William de Lechelad and his heirs. Cecilia Devereux could make no further claims on these 33 acres.Curia Regis Rolls. (London: Public Record Office). Page 367; Trinity Term, 14 John I, membrane 17 The Pipe Roll for Michaelmas 1212 records the payment by Cecilia Devereux of 2 marks for making a false claim.
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