The subsolar marking was in the Pacific just north of the Equator.
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Solar, subsolar This gas component corresponds to the solar wind. Solar flare gas can be distinguished by its greater depth, and a slightly variant composition. "Subsolar" is intermediary between solar and planetary. E "Exotic" neon- aberrant 20Ne/22Ne values.
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The subsolar marking was in the Pacific north of the 10th parallel north.
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The subsolar marking was in the Pacific Ocean hundreds of kilometers west of the Chilean-Peruvian border.
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The center of the Moon's shadow was missed by about 1,500 km above the area (69 S) south of the Antarctic Circle. The subsolar marking was in Brazil.
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The greatest eclipse was in Antarctica at 70.6 S, 21.2 E at 1:20 UTC (2:20 AM local time). The subsolar marking was in the Coral Sea.
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The greatest eclipse was near its Antarctic Peninsula at 70.7 S, 50.2 W at 12:13 UTC (10:13 local time). The subsolar marking was in Burkina Faso.
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The greatest eclipse was in Antarctica at 61.9 S, 110.5 W at 11:19 UTC (4:19 AM local time). The subsolar marking was west of Angola in Africa.
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The cluster has subsolar metallicity (−0.12 ± 0.06). A brown dwarf with minimum mass 19,8 times larger the one of Jupiter has been detected to orbit around star no. 127 (vmag.
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The greatest eclipse was at the Antarctic Peninsula at 71.8 S, 89 W at 22:49 UTC (4:49 PM local time). The subsolar marking was north of the 5th parallel north in the Pacific around the Palmyra Atoll.
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The greatest eclipse was hundreds of miles (or kilometers) offshore Antarctic Peninsula at 61.2 S, 40.6 EW at 15:45:35 UTC (6:13 PM local time). The subsolar marking was in Brazil inside the Amazon Rainforest around the Amazon River.
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The eclipse started at sunrise off Cape Verde, the umbral path went southeast and finished as sunset off the coast of Australia (called[New Holland at the time). The subsolar marking was at Yemen in the area at the time that divided the Ottoman Empire.
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It was visible from Timaru further north, but was not visible due to clouds on Banks Peninsula. Wellington also experienced heavy cloud cover and the eclipse was thus not visible. The subsolar marking was at around the 15th parallel north southeast of Hawai'i and northeast of the Palmyra Atoll.
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Location within the constellation NGC 4103 is a young open cluster. Its age has been determined to be 30 Myr by Sagar & Cannon (1997), 20 ± 5 Myr by Sanner et al. (2001) and 6 Myr by Piskunov et al. (2004). The metallicity of NGC 4103 is subsolar (−0.47).
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The greatest eclipse was in Antarctica off the cost of the Pacific at 71.3 S, 160.8 E at 23:44 UTC (5:15 PM local time). The subsolar marking was in the area of Lima (then Ciudad dos Reyes), Peru at the time was at the final years of Spanish rule.
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It showed about up to nearly 10% obscurity in Antarctica. The greatest eclipse was nearly quarterway between Antarctica and the southernmost of the island of Tasmania at 61.3 S, 145.6 E at 7:36 UTC (4:36 PM local time). The subsolar marking was in the Indian Ocean north of the Equator.
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Lahaina Noon at Downtown Honolulu, Honolulu, Hawaii Lāhainā Noon is a bi- annual tropical solar phenomenon when the Sun culminates at the zenith at solar noon, passing directly overhead (above the subsolar point).Clock, sun rarely match at noon Explanation of Lahaina Noon The term Lāhainā Noon was coined by the Bishop Museum in Hawai'i.
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The magnetopause distance from the planet's center at the subsolar point varies widely from 16 to 27 Rs (Rs=60,330 km is the equatorial radius of Saturn).Russel, 1993, p. 709, Table 4Gombosi, 2009, p. 247 The magnetopause's position depends on the pressure exerted by the solar wind, which in turn depends on solar activity.
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The term meridian comes from the Latin meridies, meaning "midday"; the subsolar point passes through a given meridian at solar noon, midway between the times of sunrise and sunset on that meridian. Likewise, the Sun crosses the celestial meridian at the same time. The same Latin stem gives rise to the terms a.m. (ante meridiem) and p.m.
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Triton is thus, along with Earth, Io, Europa and Enceladus, one of the few bodies in the Solar System on which active eruptions of some sort have been observed. The best-observed examples are named Hili and Mahilani (after a Zulu water sprite and a Tongan sea spirit, respectively). All the geysers observed were located between 50° and 57°S, the part of Triton's surface close to the subsolar point.
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The subsolar point travels through the tropics. Hawaii is the only US state in the tropics and thus the only one to experience Lāhainā Noon. Hawaii and other locations between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn receive the sun's direct rays as the apparent path of the sun passes overhead before and after the summer solstice. The Lāhainā Noon can occur anywhere from 12:16 to 12:43 p.m.
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It showed about up to 1% obscurity in Antarctica and 4-5% in a part of the Pacific. The greatest eclipse was nearly about a third between Antarctica and South America at 62.4 S and 72.1 W at 1:22 UTC (8:36 PM local time on February 2). The subsolar marking was in the Pacific Ocean about a third of the way between New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands.
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As with Earth's magnetosphere, the boundary separating the denser and colder solar wind's plasma from the hotter and less dense one within Jupiter's magnetosphere is called the magnetopause. The distance from the magnetopause to the center of the planet is from 45 to 100 RJ (where RJ=71,492 km is the radius of Jupiter) at the subsolar point—the unfixed point on the surface at which the Sun would appear directly overhead to an observer.
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The greatest eclipse was in the Atlantic off the shore of Antarctica at 63.2 S & 9.5 W at 3:22 UTC and occurred after sunrise. It showed up to 25% obscuration of the sun at the middle of the Antarctic Peninsula at the 110th meridian and around 30% in the area of the South Pole, at the northern shore by the 20th meridian, it was close to 50% obscured. The subsolar marking was in Brazil.
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Venus only has an induced magnetosphere formed by the Sun's magnetic field carried by the solar wind. This process can be understood as the field lines wrapping around an obstacle—Venus in this case. The induced magnetosphere of Venus has a bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause and magnetotail with the current sheet. At the subsolar point the bow shock stands 1900 km (0.3 Rv, where Rv is the radius of Venus) above the surface of Venus.
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The shadow of a sundial moves clockwise on latitudes north of the subsolar point. During the day on these latitudes, the Sun tends to rise to its maximum at a southerly position. Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator, the sun can be seen to the north, directly overhead, or to the south at noon dependent on the time of year. In the Southern Hemisphere the midday Sun is predominantly at north.
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Instead of small craters, the almost ubiquitous surface features are small knobs and pits. The knobs are thought to represent remnants of crater rims degraded by an as-yet uncertain process. The most likely candidate process is the slow sublimation of ice, which is enabled by a temperature of up to 165 K, reached at a subsolar point. Such sublimation of water or other volatiles from the dirty ice that is the bedrock causes its decomposition.
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Near the equator, this means the variation in strength of solar radiation is different relative to the time of year than it is at higher latitudes: Maximum solar radiation is received during the equinoxes, when a place at the equator is under the subsolar point at high noon, and the intermediate seasons of spring and autumn occur at higher latitudes, and the minimum occurs during both solstices, when either pole is tilted towards or away from the sun, resulting in either summer or winter in both hemispheres. This also results in a corresponding movement of the equator away from the subsolar point, which is then situated over or near the relevant tropic circle. Nevertheless, temperatures are high year round due to the earth's axial tilt of 23.5° not being enough to create a low minimum midday declination to sufficiently weaken the sun's rays even during the solstices. Near the equator there is little temperature change throughout the year, though there may be dramatic differences in rainfall and humidity.
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World map showing the Tropic of Capricorn Relationship between Earth's axial tilt (ε) to the tropical and polar circles The Tropic of Capricorn (or the Southern Tropic) is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point at the December (or southern) solstice. It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead. It also reaches 90 degrees below the horizon at solar midnight on the June Solstice. Its northern equivalent is the Tropic of Cancer.
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The mean metallicity of the cluster is [Fe/H] = +0.03 ± 0.05 dex (as estimated by Frieal et al.) or −0.01 ± 0.04 (as estimated by Tautvaišienė et al.). Alpha-elements [Ca/Fe] and [Si/Fe] show solar ratios, [Mg/Fe] is moderately enhanced, [Ti/Fe] is slightly subsolar, [Al/Fe] is enhanced, and [Na/Fe] is significantly enhanced. THE CNO abundances in the cluster are [C/H] = −0.17 ± 0.08, [N/H] = 0.53 ± 0.07, [O/H] = 0.12 ± 0.09, and [C/N] = 0.79 ± 0.08.
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In an ephemeris, the position angle of the midpoint of the bright limb of the Moon or planets, and the position angles of their North poles may be tabulated. If this angle is measured from the North point on the limb, it can be converted to an angle measured from the zenith point (the vertex) as seen by an observer by subtracting the parallactic angle. The position angle of the bright limb is directly related to that of the subsolar point.
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The secondary (fainter) component (ULAS J141623.94+134836.3, abbreviated to ULAS J1416+1348, also known as SDSS J1416+13B) is a brown dwarf of spectral type T7.5, or T7.5p. It has unusually extremely blue near-infrared color H−K, very red optical-to-near-infrared color (z−Y > +2.3 and z−J > +3.1), and extremely red color H−[4.5] = 4.86 ± 0.04 (it was suggested, that the latter may be explained by presence of a cooler unresolved companion to SDSS J1416+13B). Also, its spectrum indicates high surface gravity and/or subsolar metallicity.
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At the Equator, the daytime period always lasts about 12 hours, regardless of season. As viewed from the Equator, the Sun always rises and sets vertically, following an apparent path nearly perpendicular to the horizon. Due to the axial tilt of Earth, Sun always lies within 23.44° north or south of the celestial equator, so the subsolar point always lies within the tropics. From the March equinox to the September equinox, the Sun rises within 23.44° north of due east, and sets within 23.44° north of due west.
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It showed up to 30% obscuration in the area of Cape Town and Cape Agulhas up to 99% inside the maximum width of band. The greatest eclipse was in the middle of Antarctica east of the Prime Meridian at 75.4 S, 15.1 E at 8:09 UTC (9:09 AM local time) and lasted for 22 seconds, the maximum width of band was only 42 km (26 miles), the view around it was partly dark even inside the clouds. The subsolar marking was east of Madagascar and close to the Mascarene Islands.
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Solar noon is the time when the Sun contacts the meridian. Imagine that the equinox Sun is overhead (at the zenith) at a point on the Equator (latitude 0°), and Observer A is standing at this point – the subsolar point. If he were to measure the height of the Sun above the horizon with a sextant, he would find that the altitude of the Sun was 90°. By subtracting this figure from 90°, he would find that the zenith distance of the Sun is 0°, which is the same as his latitude.
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It was also believed that efficient heat transfer between the sides of the planet necessitates atmospheric circulation of an atmosphere so thick as to disallow photosynthesis. Due to differential heating, it was argued, a tidally locked planet would experience fierce winds with permanent torrential rain at the point directly facing the local star, the subsolar point. In the opinion of one author this makes complex life improbable. Plant life would have to adapt to the constant gale, for example by anchoring securely into the soil and sprouting long flexible leaves that do not snap.
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The areas included were the whole of Antarctica, a part of the southernmost portion of South America much of it in Argentina and a smaller part of Chile, much of it in the region of Patagonia, also it included New Amsterdam and the southern islands of the Indian Ocean,. The annular eclipse took place in western, southern and eastern Antarctica with its greatest eclipse in the eastcentral portion of the continent near the 75th parallel. The eclipse's edges were in Réunion and Mauritius, the eclipse was close to the island of Madagascar. The subsolar portion was in northcentral South West Africa (now Namibia).
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The eclipse started at sunrise near Valparaiso and Santiago, Chile and ended at sunset in the Indian Ocean offshore from Antarctica around the third of the way to Western Australia. It showed up to 25-30% obscuration of the sun at South America's southern tip, 30% within the South Pole and 50% at the west of the middle portion of the Peninsula. The center of the Moon's shadow was missed by about 1,300 km above the area (67.6 S) south of the Antarctic Circle. The subsolar marking was west of Namaqualand (then also South West Africa, now Namibia).
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The large sample of low-mass pre–main sequence stars, stars that are currently under formation, in LH 95 allows the construction of the first most complete Initial Mass Function of an extragalactic star forming cluster.Da Rio, Nicola; Gouliermis, Dimitrios A.; Henning, Thomas, "The Complete Initial Mass Function Down to the Subsolar Regime in the Large Magellanic Cloud with Hubble Space Telescope ACS Observations", The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 696, Issue 1, pp. 528-545 (2009) ArXiv preprint The Initial Mass Function of LH 95 does not seem to differ from that typical for the Milky Way.
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World map with the intertropical zone highlighted in crimson Areas of the world with tropical climates The tropics are the region of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are delimited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth. The tropics are also referred to as the tropical zone and the torrid zone (see geographical zone). The tropics include all zones on Earth where the Sun contacts a point directly overhead at least once during the solar year (which is a subsolar point).
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NGC 6939 is an old open cluster, located 400 parsec above the galactic plane and 8.400 parsec away from the galactic centre. With the use of photometric studies, the age of the cluster was estimated to be between 1,0 and 1,3 billion years, using as sample 638 stars within the field. The metallicity of the cluster is slightly subsolar (-0.19±0.09). Some of its members are variable stars: a study in 1998 led to the discovery of six variable stars among the red giants of the cluster, with two of which are Algol type and V466 Cephei appears to be a W Ursae Majoris type.
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The magnetic field lines point away from Jupiter above the sheet and towards Jupiter below it. The load of plasma from Io greatly expands the size of the Jovian magnetosphere, because the magnetodisk creates an additional internal pressure which balances the pressure of the solar wind. In the absence of Io the distance from the planet to the magnetopause at the subsolar point would be no more than 42 RJ, whereas it is actually 75 RJ on average. The configuration of the magnetodisk's field is maintained by the azimuthal ring current (not an analog of Earth's ring current), which flows with rotation through the equatorial plasma sheet.
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The maximum electron volume density (number of electrons in a unit of volume) of 3 m−3 is reached in the v2 layer near the subsolar point. The upper boundary of the ionosphere (the ionopause) is located at altitudes 220–375 km and separates the plasma of the planetary origin from that of the induced magnetosphere. The main ionic species in the v1 and v2 layers is O2+ ion, whereas the v3 layer consists of O+ ions. The ionospheric plasma is observed to be in motion; solar photoionization on the dayside and ion recombination on the nightside are the processes mainly responsible for accelerating the plasma to the observed velocities.
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The galaxy is characterised by a series of dusty filaments running through its centre. They are associated with a ring of material encircling the galaxy's core, which is not aligned with the galaxy's main disc, suggesting that this polar ring of gas and dust is actually the remains of a smaller galaxy. The galaxy also possesses an X-shaped, (peanut shell)-shaped bulge,Bogdan C. Ciambur; Alister W. Graham (2016), Quantifying the (X/peanut)-shaped structure in edge-on disc galaxies: length, strength, and nested peanuts thought to arise from an unstable stellar bar. The stellar population within the disk is quite young (2 ±0.3 billion years mean age) and its metallicity is subsolar.
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The Víctor M. Blanco Telescope, also known as "The Blanco 4m" In 1959, while serving as a professor of astrophysics at the Case Institute of Technology (renamed Case Western Reserve University in 1967) in Cleveland, Ohio, Blanco discovered an open cluster. It was named Blanco 1 in his honor, and is centered on the blue star Zeta Sculptoris. According to The Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Blanco 1 exhibits subsolar ratios that are not observed among nearby field stars.Revue / Journal Title Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society CODEN MNRAA4 Together with his wife Betty, Blanco and Martin McCarthy conducted pioneering research into the stellar population in the central regions of our galaxy, and in the Magellanic Clouds.
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North of the Tropic of Cancer, the noon shadow will always point north, and conversely, south of the Tropic of Capricorn, the noon shadow will always point south. The solar noon shadows of objects on points beyond and below subsolar points will point towards true north and true south respectively only when the solar declination has its maximum positive (δ☉ = +23.44°) or maximum negative (δ☉ = −23.44°) value. On the other hand, on the equinoxes when the sun is neither declined north nor south (δ☉ = 0°) and solar time noon shadows point NNW north of the equator and SSE south of the equator on the vernal equinox (and point NNE north of the equator and SSW south of the equator on the autumnal equinox).
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The following phenomena would occur if Earth is a perfect sphere, in a circular orbit around the Sun, and if its axis is tilted 90°, so that the axis itself is on the orbital plane (similar to Uranus). At one date in the year, the Sun would be directly overhead at the North Pole, so its declination would be +90°. For the next few months, the subsolar point would move toward the South Pole at constant speed, crossing the circles of latitude at a constant rate, so that the solar declination would decrease linearly with time. Eventually, the Sun would be directly above the South Pole, with a declination of −90°; then it would start to move northward at a constant speed.
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Illumination of Earth by Sun on the day of an equinox The March equinox or Northward equinox is the equinox on the Earth when the subsolar point appears to leave the Southern Hemisphere and cross the celestial equator, heading northward as seen from Earth. The March equinox is known as the vernal equinox (spring equinox) in the Northern Hemisphere and as the autumnal equinox in the Southern. On the Gregorian calendar, the Northward equinox can occur as early as 19 March or as late as 21 March at Greenwich. For a common year the computed time slippage is about 5 hours 49 minutes later than the previous year, and for a leap year about 18 hours 11 minutes earlier than the previous year.
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This is because the Earth orbits the Sun in an ellipse, and its orbital speed varies slightly during the year. Although the Sun appears at its highest altitude from the viewpoint of an observer in outer space or a terrestrial observer outside tropical latitudes, the highest altitude occurs on a different day for certain locations in the tropics, specifically those where the Sun is directly overhead (maximum 90 degrees elevation) at the subsolar point. This day occurs twice each year for all locations between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn because the overhead Sun appears to cross a given latitude once before the day of the solstice and once afterward. For example, Lahaina Noon occurs in May and July in Hawaii.
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A 1934 map showing some of Mercury's albedo features This is a list of the albedo features of the planet Mercury as seen by early telescopic observation. Early telescopic observations of Mercury were based on the assumption that Mercury keeps one of its faces permanently turned toward the Sun, through the mechanism of tidal locking. Although this is not true (Mercury rotates three times on its axis for every two revolutions around the Sun), when it is positioned for best viewing from Earth, the amount by which its visible face has rotated from its previous best viewing position is fairly small. A map of MercuryAntoniadi's map of Mercury made in the 1910s by astronomer Eugène Michel Antoniadi shows the following albedo features, localized by a grid in which 0° longitude is the (assumed) subsolar meridian.
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The eclipse was visible in parts of Antarctica including the 180th meridian and the Pacific Ocean. The eclipse started at sunrise off the shores of peninsular Antarctica, most of it started it at sunset, it finished at sunset around halfway between Antarctica and New Zealand, there it was January 11 being west of the 180th meridian, where the Date Line is located today. It showed about from 5% to 10% obscurity in a part of Antarctica, about 20% in the Pacific.. The greatest eclipse was in the Pacific Ocean east of the 180th meridian at 64.5 S and 173 W at 9:20:12 UTC (9:20 PM local time) at the furthermost area of the Southwestern Hemisphere (sometimes as the Southwestern Tetrasphere). The subsolar marking was west of the island of Madagascar.
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Composite image of Mercury taken by MESSENGER Radar image of Mercury's north pole Composite of the north pole of Mercury, where NASA confirmed the discovery of a large volume of water ice, in permanently dark craters that are found there. The surface temperature of Mercury ranges from at the most extreme places: 0°N, 0°W, or 180°W. It never rises above 180 K at the poles, due to the absence of an atmosphere and a steep temperature gradient between the equator and the poles. The subsolar point reaches about 700 K during perihelion (0°W or 180°W), but only 550 K at aphelion (90° or 270°W). On the dark side of the planet, temperatures average 110 K. The intensity of sunlight on Mercury's surface ranges between 4.59 and 10.61 times the solar constant (1,370 W·m−2).
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These occur on 12, 13, or 14 January at 00:30 SAST (21:30 UTC on the previous days), and 28 or 29 November at 00:09 SAST. The shadow points towards Mecca because the sun path makes the subsolar point travel through every latitude between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn every year, including the latitude of the Ka'bah (21°25'N), and because the sun crosses the local meridian once a day. This observation has been known since at least the thirteenth century, when it was noted by the astronomers Jaghmini and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, but their timings could not be fixed to a particular date because the Islamic calendar is lunar rather than solar; the solar date when the sun culminates at the zenith of Mecca is constant, but the lunar date varies from year to year.
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As a result of the Earth's orbit around the Sun, the Sun's latitude position appears to move seasonally between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. Places on earth experience the apparent diurnal motion of the sun from the east to the west, during which it culminates, or reaches its highest point of the day and crosses the local meridian. The sun also appears to move seasonally between the Tropic of Cancer (approximately 23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (approximately 23.5°S), therefore the solar culmination usually occurs to the north or to the south of the zenith. For locations between the tropics, at certain times of the year, the sun crosses the local latitude and then culminates at or near the zenith; this location is the subsolar point. The Ka'bah is located at 21°25’ north, inside the zone that experiences this phenomenon.
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The southeast half of the quadrangle is dominated by ancient crater deposits, by nondescript rolling to hummocky plains materials between individual craters, and by isolated patches of nondescript plains. The ancient and degraded Tolstoj multiring basin, about 350 km in diameter, is in the south-central part of the quadrangle. The large, well-preserved crater Mozart (285 km diameter) is a prominent feature in the western part of the area; its extensive ejecta blanket and secondary crater field are superposed on the smooth plains surrounding Caloris. Low-albedo features Solitudo Neptunii and Solitudo Helii, adopted from telescopic mapping, appear to be associated with the smooth plains material surrounding Caloris; a third low-albedo feature, Solitudo Maiae, appears to be associated with the Tolstoj Basin.For location of albedo features see Mercury’s rotation period of 58.64 days is in two-thirds resonance with its orbital period of 87.97 days Therefore, at its equator, longitudes 0° and 180° are subsolar points (“hot poles”) near alternate perihelion passage. The “hot pole” at 180° lies within the Tolstoj quadrangle; at perihelion, equatorial temperatures range from about 100 K at local midnight to 700 K at local noon.
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The eclipse was visible in much of the southwestern portion of the Indian Ocean which included several island such as Kergueren and New Amsterdam and a small part of the Atlantic, it was also visible in much of Antarctica (at the time parts had a 24-hour daylight) and left the northeast corner, much of the peninsula and edges within the Trans-Antarctic Mountains in the west not visible, the eclipse was nearly close to the island of Madagascar. The eclipse close to Madagascar and then into the Indian Ocean and finished in the west of the Trans-Antarctic Mountains close to Ross Sea. It showed about up to 10% obscurity in Northern Antarctica, about 20% within the South Pole and 40% in northcentral part of Antarctica.. The greatest eclipse was in the Pacific Ocean around the area separating the Indian and the Atlantic Oceans offshore from Antarctica at 61.5 S and 16.4 E at 3:27:17 UTC (4:27:17 local time) at the furthermost area of the Southwestern Hemisphere (sometimes as the Southwestern Tetrasphere). The subsolar marking was east of Portuguese Timor (now East Timor) and the island of Timor.
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