Even if you are not familiar with Zeno's teachings, get to know your STOA.
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Big Marijuana isn't inevitable, Stoa says, but it's likely to play a central role in whatever comes next.
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That's the argument that Ryan Stoa, a law professor at Concordia University, makes in his new book Craft Weed.
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The idea for Craft Weed began when Stoa started hearing about water conflict in Northern California, specifically around marijuana agriculture.
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The Verge spoke to Stoa about what's fending off a corporate takeover, potential legal regulations that could help the industry remain small, and the environmental impact of farming.
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There are plenty of predictions about how cannabis farming is poised to go corporate, but Big Marijuana is not inevitable, says Ryan Stoa, a professor of law at Concordia University.
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The train line covers the remains of the Altar of the Twelve Gods and runs right alongside the Stoa of Attalos, rebuilt in the 1950s, which houses the small and rather lovely Agora Museum.
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But Stoa, the author of Craft Weed: Family Farming and the Future of the Marijuana Industry, argues that in a world where cannabis is legal, there is a route for cannabis agriculture to stay sustainable and local.
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Socrates was charged with impiety toward the gods and corruption of the youth and summoned to face those charges in the Royal Stoa, here in the northwest corner of Agora very close to where I am standing.
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I spoke to Stoa by phone about how close we are to that vision, whether we can avoid marijuana monopolies, and why a dynamic weed industry will benefit the communities most harmed by the disastrous drug war.
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I've been solving these things for more than 60 years, first cutting my teeth on The New York Post, then graduating to The Times, in the days when an ANOA would paddle his PROA to a STOA in GOA.
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South Korea's Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co Ltd is part of the fifth consortium, along with Concesiones Colombia S.A.S., Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles CAF Colombia S.A.S., and STOA S.A.R. (Reporting by Nelson Bocanegra Writing by Julia Symmes Cobb Editing by Leslie Adler)
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The contradictions reach further back: King Attalos of Pergamon was a student of the philosopher Carneades in the second century B.C. and the presumably grateful alumnus gave his university town the gift of a shopping mall, with 42 shops in the stoa rented out by the city.
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Plan of the Athenian Agora in the fifth century BC; the Royal Stoa is no. 17 Stoa Basileios (), meaning Royal Stoa, was a stoa constructed in Ancient Athens in the 6th century BC and substantially altered in the 5th century BC.R. E. Wycherley. "The Stoa Basileios." The Journal of Hellenic Studies Vol.
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Currently, the chairman is Eva KailiEva Kaili , MEP and STOA Chair of Greece. The two Vice-Chairmen are Paul RÜBIG of Austria and Evžen TOŠENOVSKÝ of the Czech Republic. The fourth member of the STOA Bureau is the Vice-President of the European Parliament responsible for STOA, Ewa KOPACZ.Ewa KOPACZ , MEP, Vice-President of the European Parliament responsible for STOA Former STOA Chairmen were Paul Rübig, Philippe Busquin, Rolf Linkohr, Alain Pompidou and Antonios Trakatellis.
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The STOA Panel is politically responsible for STOA's work. The STOA Panel consists of 25 Members of the European Parliament, namely the Vice-President of the Parliament responsible for STOA, six members of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE); three members from each of these Committees: Environment, Public Health and Food safety (ENVI), Internal Market and Consumer Protection (IMCO), Employment and Social Affairs (EMPL), Transport and Tourism (TRAN), Agriculture and Rural Development (AGRI) and one member from each of these Committees: Civili Liberties, Justice & Home Affairs (LIBE), Legal Affairs (JURI) and Culture and Education (CULT). The STOA Bureau runs the activities of STOA and prepares the Panel meetings. The STOA Bureau is elected by the STOA Panel.
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A stoa in Athens. Stoa USA derives its name from this common feature of Ancient Greek architecture. Stoa was created in 2009 to better serve the needs of the growing homeschool speech and debate community. Its website explains that its objective is “to train Christian home schooled youth in speech and debate in order to better communicate a Biblical worldview.” Stoa USA is a non-profit organization run entirely by volunteers.
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The Stoa of the Athenians, Delphi. The Stoa of the Athenians is an ancient portico in the Delphic Sanctuary, Greece, located south of the Temple of Apollo. The southern side of the polygonal wall of the platform forms the north wall of the stoa. It was constructed c.
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Similar use of a stoa to display artwork is known for the Stoa Poikile (Painted Stoa) of ancient Athens, where scenes were painted directly onto the rear wall of the structure. Stoas, as well as treasuries, were frequently used at sanctuaries to store votive gifts to the deities: e.g. the stoa and treasury of the Athenians at Delphi and the multiple treasuries at Olympia. Three small, stone altars were found in the area c.
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Apart of the U.S. development program, Stoa was named to the United States Team for the 2005 U18 World Championships. Using his imposing frame, Stoa recorded 3 assists in 6 games to help the U.S. capture Gold. Stoa was also named to the U.S. Team for the 2007 World Junior Championships in Mora, Sweden. Stoa played a checking role with the Americans, and scored 2 points in 7 games to help earn Bronze.
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Overview of the lower sanctuary looking west with the L-shaped stoa in foreground and the temple of Hera Akraia in the distance at right and the West Court in the distance at left. Immediately east of the altar was a two-storied stoa with an L-shaped plan, also thought to date to the late 4th century BCE. The eastern arm of the stoa was about north to south and about deep, while the northern arm of the stoa was about east to west and about deep.Coulton reconstructs the stoa at a height of about .
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Remains of the stoa Another view The Echo Stoa is located within the sanctuary of Zeus in Olympia, Greece. It is part of an ancient archaeological site excavated and preserved by the German Archaeological Institute at Athens. A stoa is a covered walkway or portico, typically colonnaded and open to the public. In ancient Greece a stoa could be used for a variety of reasons including the selling and display of goods, and religious or public meetings.
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The Makra Stoa was built during the time of Pericles. It was also known as the Alphitopolis Stoa (), from the Greek word alphita (barley flour). The Stoa was a long building which was used for the storage of imported cereals, mainly barley and wheat. The cereals were then transported to the main city of Athens for consumption.
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The South Stoa I of Athens was located on the south side of the Agora, in Athens, Greece, between the Heliaia and the Enneakrounos, a southeastern fountain house. It was built around 425–400 BC (during the Classical Era). The stoa was in use until c. 150 BC, when it was replaced by South Stoa II (of Athens).
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Hurwit 2000 p. 278 Eumenes was also responsible for constructing a stoa on the South slope, not unlike that of Attalos in the Agora below."The Stoa of Eumenes", The Acropolis of Athens. Greek Thesaurus.
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STOA is member of the European Parliamentary Technology Assessment (EPTA) network.
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Aside from Delphi, this sanctuary was the most important one in Greece. Otherwise known as the Stoa Poikile (meaning painted stoa), because of the paintings that once lined the hall, the stoa later became known as the "Echo Stoa" due to the acoustics of its design. It is said one word uttered, would echo seven times.Encyclopædia Britannica “Almost 100 meters long, it was probably begun after the mid-fourth century, but not completed for a long time thereafter…” Studies in Hellenistic Architecture It was lined with inner and outer Doric style columns.
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View of the Stoa looking NE. Dating to the mid-4th century BCE, the stoa measured 11 by 110 m with 39 exterior Doric columns and 17 internal Ionic columns.The stoa is dated by the shape of the Doric capitals. There were stone benches set into the back walls of the structure, perhaps where the suppliants of the god slept and awaited their dreams. The sexes may have been segregated as may have been the case for the bath to the northeast of the stoa, which is traditionally called the women’s bath.
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View of the Stoa looking NE. Stoa Amphiaraion (also known as the Enkoimeterion) is located on the east side of the Sanctuary of Amphiaraios, southeast of the Theater. It was built c. 360 BC. The two-aisled stoa opens towards the southeast with an outer Doric colonnade of forty-one columns and an inner Ionic colonnade of seventeen columns. Before its destruction, two small rooms were separated from the rest of the stoa by two columns with a screen between them, with a bench running the length of the back wall.
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Stoa finished the season scoring 40 points with the Monsters, co-leading the AHL with 23 goals among rookies. On July 7, 2012, Stoa signed as a free agent to a one-year deal with the Washington Capitals. Assigned to AHL affiliate, the Hershey Bears, for the 2012–13 season, Stoa missed two-months to injury before returning to finish with 19 points in 46 games. On April 15, 2013, Stoa was re-signed by the Capitals on a one-year extension. For a second successive season within the Capitals organization, Stoa was assigned to the Bears to begin the 2013–14 season. In 67 games, Stoa matched his career high 40 points from his rookie campaign and was recalled by the Capitals in the latter half of the season. He made his debut with Washington, marking a return to the NHL after a two-year absence, in a 6–4 defeat to the Philadelphia Flyers on March 5, 2014. In his three-game stint with the Capital, Stoa was scoreless. On July 15, 2014, Stoa opted to sign abroad as a free agent on a one-year deal with Russian club, Metallurg Novokuznetsk of the KHL. In his debut season, Stoa established himself amongst the forwards, contributing with 15 goals and 30 points in 60 games.
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This expansion along the southern edge of the esplanade served as a base upon which the Royal Stoa was erected. The building was basilical in form, but open on one side, which led it to being described as a portico, a stoa or cloisters in various sources. It was likely Herod's most magnificent secular edifice. The historian Josephus praised the Royal Stoa as "more worthy of mention than any other [structure] under the sun", and described the building in detail: Model of the Herodian Temple Mount: Temple (center), Royal Stoa (left), and Antonia Fortress (right) A basilica with four rows of columns running lengthwise, each made of 40 columns, the Royal Stoa thus contained three parallel halls, with a central wide hall and two flanking wide halls.
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The stoa was attached to the existing Polygonal Wall.Stoa of the Athenians at Ashes2Art.
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Arches underneath supported the columns of the Stoa, and provided service areas for the structures above. The Huldah Gates at the bottom of the southern wall led through corridors beneath the Stoa, rising to the Temple plaza, and served as the main entrance to the Temple compound for worshipers. Additional passages led to storage areas, and possibly provided secondary access to the Stoa and the Temple beyond. An arched overpass on the eastern side of the Temple Mount led to a gate which opened into the so-called Solomon's Stables just beneath the eastern end of the Stoa.
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The Stoa of Zeus (Eleutherios) at Athens, was a two-aisled stoa located in the northwest corner of the Ancient Agora of Athens. It was built c. 425 BC–410 BC for religious purposes in dedication to Zeus by the Eleutherios ("pertaining to freedom"): a cult founded after the Persian War. It is different from others in that it was a stoa rather than a temple (the common building used for religious purposes).
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Stoa USA, also referred to as Stoa, is a Christian homeschool forensics organization in the United States. It is one of the four major national high school forensics organizations (the others are the National Speech and Debate Association (NSDA), National Catholic Forensic League (NCFL), and the National Christian Forensics and Communications Association (NCFCA)). Stoa is defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as “an ancient Greek portico usually walled at the back with a front colonnade designed to afford a sheltered promenade.” The Stoa was a common fixture of many towns in Ancient Greece and was used as a place where people could debate and discuss their ideas.
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In 2005–06, his freshman year, Stoa finished second to Phil Kessel in freshman scoring with 25 points for the Golden Gophers. At the start of the 2007–08 season, in his junior year, Stoa was redshirted when he suffered a season-ending knee injury. In the following season, Stoa returned as the Gophers captain to lead the WCHA in scoring with 46 points in 36 games to be named the Gophers Most Valuable Player. Stoa was also selected to the WCHA First All-Star Team and named first-team All-American by the American Hockey Coaches Association, College Hockey News and Inside College Hockey.
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The Metroon was constructed near the Treasuries around 400 BC. The erection of the Echo Stoa, around 350 BC, separated the sanctuary from the area of the games and stadium. The South Stoa was built at the southern edge of the sanctuary at approximately the same time.
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The line operates with a single-fare structure so tickets cost the same no matter where passengers travel. The exception is between Arendal and Stoa, where all passengers travel on children fare. The line has stops at Arendal, Stoa, Bråstad, Blakstad, Froland, Bøylestad, Flaten and Nelaug.
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The ancient city was built on three levels. At the top of the hill was the acropolis, with the temple complex of Athena Kameiras and the stoa. A covered reservoir having a capacity of 600 cubic meters of water—enough for up to 400 families—was constructed about the sixth century BC. Later, the stoa was built over the reservoir. The stoa consisted of two rows of Doric columns with rooms for shops or lodgings in the rear.
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The Royal Stoa (; also known as the Royal Colonnade, Royal Portico, Royal Cloisters, Royal Basilica or Stoa Basileia) was an ancient basilica constructed by Herod the Great during his renovation of the Temple Mount at the end of the 1st century BCE. Probably Herod's most magnificent secular construction, the three-aisled structure was described by Josephus as deserving "to be mentioned better than any other under the sun." A center of public and commercial activity, the Royal Stoa was the likely location of Jesus' Cleansing of the Temple. The Royal Stoa overlooked Jerusalem's residential and commercial quarters, and at its southwestern corner was the place from which a ram's horn was blown to announce the start of holy days.
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Profile: Paul Rübig, Austrian Parliament, 15 October 2009. Furthermore, he is the Treasurer of the Austrian EPP delegation in the European Parliament,Profile: Paul Rübig, meineabgeordneten.at, retrieved on 31 March 2013. Chairman of the Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) unit STOA Vorstand, European Parliament, retrieved on 29 March 2013.
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There were stairways leading up to the second story at each end of the stoa. The building is similar in its basic design to the Stoa that Attalos' brother, and predecessor as king, Eumenes II, had erected on the south slope of the Acropolis next to the theatre of Dionysus. The main difference is that Attalos' stoa had a row of 42 closed rooms at the rear on the ground floor which served as shops.}} The spacious colonnades were used as a covered promenade.
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Demos: Classical Athenian Democracy. 28 February 2003. The Stoa: a Consortium for Scholarly Publication in the Humanitiez. 25 April 2007.
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In 2012 he became responsible for STOA in the European Parliament Bureau. His time as an MEP ceased in 2014.
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Stoa Pitk is a populated place situated in Pima County, Arizona. It has an estimated elevation of above sea level.
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The restored Stoa of Attalos in Athens, with busts of historical philosophers. A stoa (; plural, stoas,"stoa", Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Ed., 1989 stoai, or stoae ), in ancient Greek architecture, is a covered walkway or portico, commonly for public use. Early stoas were open at the entrance with columns, usually of the Doric order, lining the side of the building; they created a safe, enveloping, protective atmosphere. Later examples were built as two stories, and incorporated inner colonnades usually in the Ionic style, where shops or sometimes offices were located.
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Despite making an impression with the Avalanche in the pre-season, Stoa was assigned to the Avalanche's AHL affiliate, the Lake Erie Monsters to begin the 2009–10 season. On October 13, 2009, he scored his first professional goal with Lake Erie against the San Antonio Rampage in a 4–1 defeat. Stoa made his NHL debut with the Avalanche against the Calgary Flames on December 13, 2009. In his fifth recall to the Avalanche, Stoa scored his first NHL goal in a 5–2 defeat to the Chicago Blackhawks on April 9, 2010.
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On March 27, 2009, Stoa forwent his senior year and signed a two-year, entry- level contract with the Colorado Avalanche.
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View of the sanctuary looking WNW from the area of the Megaron: (L to R) theater-like area, temple of Despoina, stoa, altars To the northeast of the temple, there was a Stoa also in the Doric order with a single story and an internal colonnade, measuring 14 by 64 m. Foundations for a room of uncertain function measuring 5.5 by 6 m are connected to the west end of the stoa. Pausanias reported that the stoa contained a panel painted with matters pertaining to the mysteries and four bas-relief sculptures in white marble depicting:Pausanias 8.37.1-2 #Zeus and the Fates #Hercules wrestling Apollo for the Delphic tripod #nymphs and pans #The historian Polybios with an inscription praising his wisdom Unfortunately, none of these reliefs has been recovered in the excavations.
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It is widely assumed that at least part of this area was used as a storage area in conjunction with business conducted in the Stoa. The expansion of the Temple Mount platform and the erection of the Royal Stoa required Herod's engineers to overcome the difficult topographic conditions. It was thus necessary to build tall foundations above the slope of the Tyropoeon valley and equivalent tall foundations above the Kidron. The great effort invested in the construction of the Royal Stoa is a testimony of its immense importance to Herod and his status on the Temple Mount.
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The Great Revolt and the subsequent sacking of Jerusalem in 70 CE brought about the destruction of Herod's Temple, including the Royal Stoa, by members of the Roman X Fretensis, XII Fulminata, XV Apollinaris and V Macedonica legions under the command of emperor Vespasian's son Titus. It is likely that the stoa was modified during the initial phases of the revolt when the Temple Mount was fortified, first by Simon Bar Giora and then by John of Gischala. The main entry at Robinson's Arch was destroyed and towers built. Excavated remains of the Stoa provide evidence of its demise in a great fire.
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The remains of the Stoa of the Athenians were discovered by Bernard Haussoullier in 1880. The stoa was constructed in Delphi after the naval victory over the Persians at Sestus near the Hellespont in 478 BC. It was dedicated to Apollo, and the Athenians that perished in the Persian War. On display in the stoa were armaments taken from the vast pontoon bridge the Persians had built across the Hellespont at the beginning of the Persian War (480). The Persian King Xerxes had ordered the construction of the bridges to expedite the movement of his enormous forces across the straight.
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A stoa is a portico consisting of a back wall and a colonnade in front supporting a roof. The Stoa of the Athenians at Delphi used a pre-existing wall, the Polygonal Wall, which dates to about 560 B.C., as its back wall, which was serving as the retaining wall for the terrace supporting the Temple of Apollo just to the north. The Stoa of the Athenians was built with a wooden, shedded roof with hipped ends, a wooden entablature, and seven marble columns set apart from each other at a distance of 3.58-meters. At their base, the columns were .
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The modifications of the fifth century BC add two small porches to the archaic structure. The Royal Stoa was the headquarters of the King Archon and of the Areopagos council (in charge of religious affairs and crime). A statue of Themis (representing Justice) stood in front of the building. Copies of some of the city laws were kept in the Stoa.
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Stoa is an album by Swiss pianist and composer Nik Bärtsch's band Ronin that was recorded in France in 2005 and released by ECM Records.
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The Stoa of Attalos (also spelled Attalus) was a stoa (covered walkway or portico) in the Agora of Athens, Greece. It was built by and named after King Attalos II of Pergamon, who ruled between 159 BC and 138 BC. The current building was reconstructed in 1952–1956 by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens and currently houses the Museum of the Ancient Agora.
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Stoa sanctions only one tournament each year, the National Invitational Tournament of Champions (NITOC) (referenced below). Stoa exists to support state and local organizations in running tournaments, but recognizes the autonomy of those at the state and local level to operate in a manner that best serves their particular needs. Some locally-run tournaments attract hundreds of Stoa competitors each year, such as the one typically held in the spring at Concordia University in Irvine, CA. Because homeschooled students are not typically associated with schools, most affiliates belong to member “Clubs.” Most club members live in the local area around where their club is based.
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Inside the Stoa of Attalos A dedicatory inscription engraved on the architrave states that it was built by Attalos II, who was ruler of Pergamon. The stoa was a gift to the city of Athens for the education that Attalos received there under the philosopher Carneades. His elder brother and his father had previously made substantial gifts to the city. The building was constructed on the east side of the Agora or market place of Athens and was used from approximately 150 B.C. onwards for a variety of purposes. The stoa was in frequent use until it’s woodwork was burned by the Heruli in AD 267.
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In short, Chrysippus made the Stoic system what it was. It was said that "without Chrysippus, there would have been no Stoa".Diogenes Laërtius, vii. 183.
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Ryan James Stoa (born April 13, 1987) is an American professional ice hockey left wing currently under contract with Örebro HK in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL).
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Artemis Brauronia, protector of women in pregnancy and childbirth, had her main sanctuary at Brauron, a demos on the east coast of Attica. The sanctuary on the Acropolis was of an unusual trapezoidal shape and did not contain a formal temple. Instead, a portico or stoa served that function. The stoa measured circa 38 by 6.8 m; it stood in front of the southern Acropolis wall, facing north.
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The Stoa had an open facade and colonnade on one side and on the other side had shops made up of rectangular rooms. The rooms alternated between small and large sizes (widths) and each shop had a space for supplying cereals and a grain storage area, with each area being 5 m by 3.7/3.8 m (in the case of the supply area) and 5 m by 1.7/1.9 m (in the case of the storage area). A 5 m wide road, which supplied the shops and ran between the rear of the Stoa and the city wall, was made redundant in 411 BC when the Stoa was incorporated into the city wall.
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The Panel for the Future of Science and Technology (STOA) is a committee of members of the European Parliament devoted to all issues related to science and technology assessment.
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Stoa triumphans: or, Two sober paradoxes viz. 1. The praise of banishment. 2. The dispraise of honors. Argued in two letters by the noble and learned Marquesse, Virgilio Malvezzi.
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Archaeologists also theorize that the stoa may have had a second story. The two-aisled stoa opened north, with a Doric outer colonnade, an inner colonnade of unknown order and sixteen rooms which lined the southern wall. Of the sixteen rooms, one narrow room must have served as a vestibule, while the other fifteen square rooms were probably used for public dining. The rooms were probably outfitted for city magistrates fed at public expense.
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478 BC-470 BC during the early Classical period. The one-aisled stoa with Ionic colonnade opens toward the southeast. It was dedicated by the Athenians after the Persian Wars.
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Based upon the needs expressed by the different parliamentary committees, STOA provides the parliamentary bodies with independent, high- quality and impartial scientific information and studies. This helps them to assess the impact of the introduction or promotion of new technologies, and identify from a technological point of view, the best possible options for action. Plenty of studies are available so far. To raise public awareness of and interest in science and technology issues, STOA hosts an Annual Lecture.
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The Tyropoeon street itself was lined with shops and formed part of the city's Lower Market. The Royal Stoa, an exceptionally large basilica complex which served various commercial and legal functions, looked down on the intersection from atop the Temple platform. Although the Stoa stood on the Temple esplanade, it was constructed upon an expansion added by Herod. It was therefore evidently not considered sacred by some at the time, allowing it to be used for mundane activities.
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Around east of the L-shaped stoa, there was a cistern of about with each end rounded into an apsidal shape. Stone internal piers supported the vaults for the roof. On the eastern end of the structure there was a settling tank of about . About to the northeast of the settling tank there was a diversion point in the water channel with one branch directed to the cistern and the other to the L-shaped stoa.
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He was signed to a one-year extension during the 2014–15 season on February 27, 2015. In the following 2015–16 season, Stoa was elevated to the leadership group amongst Metallurg.
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Special coinage was used for sacred contributions and other purposes. The Israel Antiquities Authority's numismatist Donald T. Ariel has proposed that the Royal Stoa as the site for a mint, run by the priesthood. During the Great Revolt against Rome, this may have been the site where silver shekels were produced. The stoa's convenient proximity to the Temple's silver stores and the area's use for other commercial purposes argue for identification of the stoa as the location of minting operations.
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Stoa was drafted in the 2nd round (34th overall) in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft by the Colorado Avalanche. Prior to being drafted, Ryan played high school hockey at Bloomington Kennedy High School, earning All-Lake Conference Honorable Mention honors during the 2002–03 season. He was then selected to the U.S. Development Program playing in the Under 17 and 18 National Team from 2003–2005. Stoa committed to play collegiate hockey for the University of Minnesota in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association.
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On October 13, 1940, Indian agents arrived at Stoa Pitk to enlist 30 men for the draft, but the natives refused to comply. In response, the tribal chief of police and a force of United States Marshals under the command of Ben McKinney launched a raid against Stoa Pitk to arrest Machita. The raid began at 2:00 AM on October 16, 1940. Entering with guns drawn and tear gas grenades at the ready, the raiders captured Machita without a shot fired.
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View of the Athenian Treasury; the Stoa of the Athenians on the right. The stoa leads off north- east from the main sanctuary. It was built in the Ionic order and consists of seven fluted columns, unusually carved from single pieces of stone (most columns were constructed from a series of discs joined together). The inscription on the stylobate indicates that it was built by the Athenians after their naval victory over the Persians in 478 BC, to house their war trophies.
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9 m wide with a span of c. 8 m that consisted of four rows of lintel blocks resting on five rows of posts (the two end points and three intermediate supports). Wheel ruts are cut into the stones of the bridge at an oblique angle toward a simple entrance on the west side of the stoa; these cuttings do not go toward the elaborate propylon (monumental entranceway) of the structure north of the stoa as might seem more likely.
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Speechranks requirements were drafted by Isaiah McPeak, with development chaired by Dr. Van Schalin and programmed by Connor McKay. It utilizes the Ruby Programming Language, the same language Stoa uses for membership and tournament registration.
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The Royal Stoa was destroyed by the Roman army during the sack of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Its site on the Temple Mount esplanade is currently inaccessible to archaeologists. However, artifacts from the Stoa have been recovered both from excavations at the foot of the platform and in secondary use in later constructions. This evidence has confirmed details given in the accounts of the historian Josephus, and has also allowed comparison of the Royal Stoa's decoration with that used in other, contemporaneous monumental buildings.
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Small circular temples, tholoi were also constructed, as well as small temple-like buildings that served as treasuries for specific groups of donors.Boardman, pp. 49–50 During the late 5th and 4th centuries BC, town planning became an important consideration of Greek builders, with towns such as Paestum and Priene being laid out with a regular grid of paved streets and an agora or central market place surrounded by a colonnade or stoa. The completely restored Stoa of Attalos can be seen in Athens.
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In addition, the returning angles of the frieze demanded the architectural accommodation of corner expansion (as opposed to the corner contraction seen on many temples) to harmonize the intervals of the triglyphs, which could not be placed dead center over the corner column. Immediately north of the stoa and sharing a common wall was a structure of unknown function with elaborate entrances on both west and east sides. On its long axis it measured 48m (equivalent to the stoa) and was c. 11 m wide.
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Unlike in the architecture of other Turkish baths, there is a stoa with a dome in the center of the men's section's front side. The roofs of the dome and the stoa are decorated with bricks, and covered by lead sheet material. A red and a white palmette with a golden epigraph on green ground ornament the pointed arch of the monumental entrance door. Each section consists of three basic, interconnected rooms, namely the changing room (soyunmalık), the intermediate cool room (soğukluk, frigidarium) and the hot room (sıcaklık, caldarium).
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Kubler has exhibited in New York (Chinatown Soup Gallery, May 2016 ; Sohotel Artspace April 2015 ; Dejavu Gallery previously Bodley Gallery November 2015), Malaga, Spain (Stoa Gallery, December 2015) and London (Store Street Gallery April 2013; Chance Gallery, October 2013.
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She was born in Corfu on November 12, 1809Koula Xiradaki, Γυναίκες του ’21 [Women of ‘21], Dodoni publications, Athens – Ioannina 1995, p. 81. or, according to another theory, on September 27, 1811,Poikile Stoa, vol.9, no.1, 1891, p.
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Silver shekel minted during the Great Revolt. The archaizing, paleo-Hebrew inscription reads: "Shekel of Israel" "Year 3" (obverse); "Jerusalem the Holy" (reverse) Every major Roman city had a basilica which was used for banking, law courts, and other commercial transactions. In Jerusalem, the Royal Stoa was the center of this activity. In the forty years prior to the Great Revolt it served as the seat of the Sanhedrin, Judaism's supreme judicial court, which was moved from the Chamber of Stone to the "Shop" (Chanuyot in the Talmud), referring to the commercial activities conducted in the Stoa.
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The Al-Aqsa Mosque above the Temple Mount's southern Wall. On the left are the remains of Robinson's Arch The site of the Royal Stoa is currently occupied by the Al- Aqsa Mosque, Islam's third-holiest shrine, and is therefore unavailable for archaeological exploration. Between 1968 and 1978, however, professor Benjamin Mazar of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem carried out excavations at the foot of the southern wall. These uncovered over 400 architectural fragments in the destruction debris below the site of the Stoa, some of which were incorporated in secondary use in later Byzantine and Ummayad construction.
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With the exception of the reconstruction of the Panathenaic Stadium in 1895–1896 the rebuilding of the Stoa of Attalos was the most ambitious reconstruction of a freestanding ancient building carried out in Athens to that time. The reconstruction is particularly important in the study of ancient monuments because it is a faithful replica of the original building, to the degree possible within the limits of archaeological knowledge. The Stoa was formally dedicated on 3 September 1956 at an event attended by members of the royal family, the Archbishop of Athens, various politicians and members of the public.
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Stoicism was originally known as "Zenonism", after the founder Zeno of Citium. However, this name was soon dropped, likely because the Stoics did not consider their founders to be perfectly wise, and to avoid the risk of the philosophy becoming a cult of personality. The name "Stoicism" derives from the Stoa Poikile (Ancient Greek: ἡ ποικίλη στοά), or "painted porch", a colonnade decorated with mythic and historical battle scenes, on the north side of the Agora in Athens, where Zeno and his followers gathered to discuss their ideas. Sometimes Stoicism is therefore referred to as "The Stoa", or the philosophy of "The Porch".
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On the western side of the stoa there was an entrance with wheel ruts worn into the stone floor and in line with the Classical bridge. The stoa was built of local limestone covered in marble stucco, except for the Doric capitals, the metopes, the lintels, and the thresholds, which were produced from marble. A highly atypical feature of this design was the use of two triglyphs in the inter-columnar interval as opposed to the typical single triglyph. This was done to lower the total height of the entablature while allowing the metopes to remain square in form.
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Remains of the north retaining wall of the Stoa of Eumenes. The Stoa of EumenesTravlos, p.523 was a Hellenistic colonnade built on the South slope of the Acropolis, Athens and which lay between the Theater of Dionysus and the Odeon of Herodes Atticus The gallery was donated to the city of Athens by the king of Pergamon, Eumenes II (197–159 BC), around 160 BC.Dörpfeld 1888. Vitruvius makes reference to the building when speaking about the purpose of stoai erected near theatres that served as a refuge for the spectators in inclement weather conditions or as stores for theatre props.
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Today, the ancient level of the stoa floor has been restored, with many of the pillars of the ground floor colonnade still in place. The foundations on which the arcade was built is located to the northwest of the Choragic Monument of Nikias and on the same level as the broad terrace in front of the stoa which is 32 m wide at its eastern end and 20 m west. To the south, it is bordered by a retaining wall, a considerable part of which has been preserved. The arcade was two-storey, 163 m long and 17.65 m wide.
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To date, a complete map of the area has been made, including not only the Ash Altar and temenos, but also two fountains, including the Hagno fountain mentioned by Pausanias, the hippodrome, the stadium, a building that was probably a bathhouse, the xenon (hotel), a stoa, several rows of seats, and a group of statue bases. Many of these buildings seem to have been planned in relation to each other: the baths at the northern end of the hippodrome are on the same alignment as it is, and the stoa, the xenon, the lower fountain, and the rows of seats all appear to have been built in an intentionally similar alignment. Just to the north of the stoa four rows of seats were excavated, with the remains of a group of stelae and statue bases nearby. These would have bordered the hippodrome's southern edge, and correspond to an earlier excavated row of seats on the south-eastern edge of the racetrack.
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Towards one end of this stoa to the left was the Hellanodicaeum, a building divided from the agora by a street, which was the official residence of the Hellanodicae, who received here instruction in their duties for ten months preceding the festival. There was another stoa in the agora called the Corcyraean stoa, because it had been built out of the tenth of some spoils taken from the Corcyraeans. It consisted of two rows of Doric columns, with a partition wall running between them: one side was open to the agora, and the other to a temple of Aphrodite Urania, in which was a statue of the goddess in gold and ivory by Pheidias. In the open part of the agora, Pausanias mentions the temple of Apollo Acacesius, which was the principal temple in Elis, statues of Helios and Selene (Sun and Moon), a temple of the Graces, a temple of Silenus, and the tomb of Oxylus.
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In this NCFCA and Stoa USA event, competitors are given four minutes to prepare a six-minute speech on a question relating to Christianity. The questions are published online in advance, and the rules are generally the same as for impromptu speaking.
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Water channels join the upper cisterns to the fountain house and the fountain house to the cistern of the sanctuary and the L-shaped stoa. At intervals there were settling basins along the water conduit, including one immediately above the fountain house.
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Pompeii’s Basilica (built between 120 BC and 78 BC) was constructed in the Hellenistic style. The building featured two levels of Greek Corinthian and Ionic columns rather than Roman arches to support the roof. A ancient Greek stoa; a freestanding colonnade which created public spaces.
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In the area of the sanctuary, Attalos I and Eumenes II constructed victory monuments, most notably the Gallic dedications. The northern stoa seems to have been the site of the Library of Pergamon.Altertümer von Pergamon. II; Gottfried Gruben: Die Tempel der Griechen. 3. Auflage.
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Church of the Holy Apostles, Athens Interior The Church of the Holy Apostles, also known as Holy Apostles of Solaki (), is located in the Ancient Agora of Athens, Greece, next to the Stoa of Attalos, and can be dated to around the late 10th century.
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STOA increasingly focuses upon round-table expert discussions, conferences and workshops with associated or consequent studies. Members of Parliament (MEPs) and invited experts from EU institutions, international institutions, universities, specialist institutes, academies and other sources of expertise worldwide can jointly participate in the analysis of current issues at these events. The European Parliament defines its position on these issues through reports prepared by its Committees. If Committees decide that it would be helpful to their policy making role to seek out expert, independent assessments of the various scientific or technological options in the policy sectors concerned, they have STOA at their disposal: the Parliament's own Foresight scientific unit.
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The southernmost row of columns was incorporated into the southern wall of the Temple mount, while the northern side opened onto the plaza in the middle of which stood the Temple. From the outside, the southern wall was distinguished from the retaining wall of the platform by a series of pilasters running along the length of the superstructure. The main entry to the Stoa from the city was via a monumental staircase which led up from the Tyropoeon Valley and then across Robinson's Arch, passing over the street and shops below. The Royal Stoa was built upon the artificially raised portion of the Temple Mount platform.
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A fragment of a monumental inscription found near the eastern Huldah gates below the Stoa refers to the Zeqenim (elders) and may indicate the Sanhedrin's meeting place near the gates or in the Stoa above. This center of commercial activity within sight of the Temple was considered irreverent to many devout Jews. It was also a site of commerce related to the Temple ritual, where sacrificial doves could be bought and coins bearing prohibited images could be exchanged. It is therefore a likely location for Jesus' confrontation with the dove sellers and money changers which is related in chapter 21 of the Gospel of Matthew.
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The distance between them is quite large, thus creating openings allowing ample light to enter the building, which was probably covered with a wooden roof. The stylobate and the colonnade have been restored and are extant today in situ. On the polygonal wall at the back of the stoa, particularly on the western part, have been carved about six hundred manumission inscriptions, in the form of fictitious sale of slaves to the god. Most probably, the portico was constructed after the naval victories against the Persians at Mykale and Sestos in 478 B.C.Walsh, J., « The Date of the Athenian Stoa at Delphi», AJA 90, 1986, 319-336.
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Agnaptus was an ancient Greek architect mentioned by Pausanias as the builder of a stoa, or porch, in the Altis at Olympia,Pausanias, Description of Greece v. 15, § 4, vi. 20. § 7 which was called by the Eleans the "porch of Agnaptus." When he lived is uncertain.
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Portrait sketch of Ioannis Koniaris from the periodical Poikili Stoa in 1881 Ioannis Koniaris (, 1801–1872) was a Greek politician of the 19th century, who was twice elected as Mayor of Athens, serving from 29 August 1854 until 22 November 1853 and again until 23 November 1854.
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In the middle of the 13th century, the northern retaining wall of the arcade was incorporated into the Rizokastro Wall built around the Acropolis rock.Travlos, p.523 The ruins of the Stoa of Eumenes were uncovered by the Archaeological Society of Athens in the years 1877-78.
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The Skyway System Logo from 1996–2017, still used alternatively In November 1995, the Jakarta-based investor Citra Lamtoro Gung Persada (CITRA) entered into a Supplemental Toll Operation Agreement (STOA) with the Republic of the Philippines through the Toll Regulatory Board (TRB) as grantor, and the Philippine National Construction Corporation (PNCC) as operator. It was the result of negotiations that began on October 31, 1994 with the organization of the Technical Working Group composed of representatives from the Board of Investments (BOI), the Department of Finance (DOF), AIA Capital as financial adviser, the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), the TRB, the PNCC, and the PT CITRA Group. Under the STOA, Citra Metro Manila Tollways Corporation (CMMTC as the concessionaire was formally established), was mandated to finance, design, and construct stage 1 of the South Metro Manila Tollway Project, consisting of an elevated expressway from Bicutan to Buendia and the rehabilitation of the at-grade portion of the South Metro Manila Tollway project. The STOA was approved by Philippine President Fidel V. Ramos in April 1996.
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Leon Melas (Magazine Poikili Stoa, 1881) Leon Melas (, 1812–1879) was a Greek politician, representative to the National Assemblies of 1843 and 1862 and author. His greatest work was the novel Gerostathis. He excelled as Minister of Justice, Ecclesiastical Affairs and Education, as a university professor, magistrate and lawyer.
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The architectural office of Modiano was also inside the building. Inside the stoa there are fish markets, butcher shops, tavernas and bars. It is a place of social meeting and historical significance for the city. The building is currently under restoration and is expected to reopen in 2020-21.
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View of forum Vardarski Rid is an archaeological site in Gevgelija, North Macedonia of a town dating from Early Antiquity. Archaeological excavations reveal the architectural layout of the monumental stoa, an acropolis, and other segments from the settlement. Vardarski Rid is also used today as a picnic spot.
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The courtyard was surrounded by colonnades on all four sides, with the grand Royal Stoa at its south.E. Mazar (2002), pp. 33-34. At the north-west corner of the compound stood the Antonia Fortress. At the Antonia begun a wall that surrounded the northern parts of the city.
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The nave is covered with a high gable roof; a stoa attached to the south and west façades is pent-roofed. The church is elongated along the east-west axis. It has two doors, on the west and south. The east façade is a characteristic feature of the church.
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There is one west entrance and two on either side wall (north and south). It has a square presbyterium and oblong side chambers. The columns and arches are lost.Portico, view from southwest The tower stands 30 meters southeast of the church, at the end of a long stoa.
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The ruins became part of a fortification wall, which made it easily seen in modern times. Between 1859-62 and in 1898-1902 the ruins of the Stoa were cleared and identified by the Greek Archaeological Society. Their efforts were completed by the American School of Classical Studies during the course of its excavation of the Agora which had commenced in May 1931 under the supervision of T. Leslie Shear. In 1948 Homer Thompson (who was field director of the Agora excavations from 1946–1967 being undertaken by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens (ASCSA) proposed that the Stoa of Attalos be reconstructed to serve as a museum to house archaeological finds.
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The exact location of the Altar within the Classical Agora, unspecified in ancient sources, was discovered through excavations, in 1891 and 1934, at a site just opposite the Stoa of Zeus, and adjacent to the Panathenaic Way, which connected the Agora with the Acropolis.Crosby, pp. 82-85 fig. 2; Gadbery, pp.
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The extensive philosophical inscriptions of Diogenes of Oenoanda were identified later from scattered fragments, apparently from the stoa. It cannot be assumed that Diogenes erected himself.C.W. Chilton, Diogenes of Oenoanda: The Fragments (1971); Hall 1976:196 note 23. Evidence for an ancient Roman Bridge at Oinoanda has surfaced in the 1990s.
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" Istanbuler Mitteilungen. Vol. 42 (1992) p. 266-7. Its character became much more spectacular and focussed on the two new structures looming over it, especially the altar which was visible on its terrace from below since the usual stoa surrounding it was omitted from the design.Klaus Rheidt, "Die Obere Agora.
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The Zeda Vardzia church is constructed on an artificially flattened rocky surface in the upper Zeda Vardzia ravine. It is a two-nave design, with an open three- arch stoa attached to the south. The western extension is a later addition. The edifice is built of evenly hewn rectangular andesite tuff blocks.
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The Sacred Way from Miletus with the remains of the stoa. The Sacred Way inside the sanctuary of Apollo was excavated under Klaus Tuchelt. He found the remains of different buildings from the Archaic period along the wide and plastered road. To the west of the road the rock comes to the surface.
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The Digital Classicist community have taken an active role in posting news to the long-standing blog of the Stoa Consortium, which concerns itself with both classical and digital humanities topics. A particular focus seems to be the open source and Creative Commons movements, and various communities of scholars with digital interests.
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There are 28 rooms on ground floor, which have a window next to their door under the stoa facing the courtyard. Entrance to the room is over a step. The fireplace in the room, situated in the wall separating the rooms, is flanked by two small closets. Balcony at first floor with rooms.
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Eta (heta) in the function of /h/ on the ostrakon of Megacles, son of Hippocrates, 487 BC. Inscription: ΜΕΓΑΚLES HIΠΠΟΚRATOS. On display in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens, housed in the Stoa of Attalus. red-figured calyx-krater, 515 BC. Amongst the depicted figures are Hermes and Hypnos. Inscriptions: HERMES - HYPNOS.
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Recent excavations have revealed the existence of a stoa, or covered walkway, dating to ca. 400 AD, and colonnaded street. A Temple of Artemis, dating to the time of Claudius (41-54), was demolished to make way for the colonnaded street which ran for and led to the sanctuary of Meter Steunene.
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Despite the club languishing in the standings, he was leading the club with 15 goals in just 33 games before he was traded to Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk for financial considerations on November 21, 2015. Following the 2015–16 season, he transferred from Nizhnekamsk to fellow KHL team HC Spartak Moscow. Following the 2017–18 season, his second with Spartak, Stoa left as a free agent to sign a one-year contract with his fourth KHL club, Traktor Chelyabinsk on May 23, 2018. After five well travelled seasons in the KHL, Stoa left Russia as a free agent, opting to continue his career in Sweden by agreeing to a one-year contract with Örebro HK of the SHL on July 15, 2019.
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The wooded campus has a large mansion as the director's residence, a "stoa" with five apartments for the fellows without families, three cottages for the fellows with families, two subdivided cottages serving as double residences, five guest-rooms to accommodate visiting scholars, and one cottage that has been transformed into a multi-media conference facility.
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The Stoa of Attalos houses the Museum of the Ancient Agora. Its exhibits are mostly connected with the Athenian democracy. The collection of the museum includes clay, bronze and glass objects, sculptures, coins and inscriptions from the 7th to the 5th century BC, as well as pottery of the Byzantine period and the Turkish conquest.
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Stoa is an industrial village in Arendal municipality in Aust-Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the European route E18 highway and along the Arendalsbanen railway line. It sits about west of the centre of the town of Arendal. The villages of Bjorbekk and Vrengen lie a short distance to the south.
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The lowest level supports the remains of a stoa. Ancient retaining walls support the flat terraces. Close to the Heraion is a Mycenaean cemetery, apparently a site of an ancestor cult in the Geometric period, which was excavated by Carl Blegen. In Roman times a baths and a palaestra were added near the site.
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In it, men and women are completely equal, violence has been eradicated, and the best of people rule the cities. The ancient novel features a number of locations significant to ancient Greek philosophy. Diagoras and Heracles often walk in the Poikile Stoa, the birthplace of Stoicism. The duo also attend a Platonic symposium at the Academy of Plato.
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Bust of Herodotus in Stoa of Attalus, one of the earliest nameable historians whose work survives. Leonidas at Thermopylae by Jacques-Louis David. The basic unit of politics in Ancient Greece was the polis, sometimes translated as city-state. "Politics" literally means "the things of the polis" where each city-state was independent, at least in theory.
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The 6-room building with stoa facing the center is designed in quadratic form surrounding a large courtyard. It covers an area of including the courtyard. The building is considered to have served as home of Ahmet Arif. The restoration of the building for this purpose cost 93,000 while another 75,000 were spent for its decoration and furnishing.
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The Sibyl rock is a pulpit-like outcrop of rock between the Athenian Treasury and the Stoa of the Athenians upon the sacred way which leads up to the temple of Apollo in the archaeological area of Delphi. It is claimed to be where an ancient Sibyl pre- dating the Pythia of Apollo sat to deliver her prophecies.
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Excavation continued in a more limited way by Dörpfeld between 1908 and 1929 but a new systematic excavation began in 1936 on the occasion of the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin under Emil Kunze and Hans Schleif. Their excavation focus was on the area to the south of the stadium, the South Stoa, bath complex and gymnasion.
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It was used for sporting events and theatrical performances. Tessellated pavement and stoa were added in 1909. The theatre was the site of a number of productions of Greek and Shakespearean dramas. Cabrillo Hall, which served as the International Center Headquarters, and the Brotherhood Headquarters (also called "Wachere Crest" and "Laurel Crest"), was completed in 1909.
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Among the fifth-century monuments are the Π-shaped stoa around the interior courtyard, opening toward the temple of Artemis; the small temple (perhaps a heroon of Iphigeneia); and the stone bridge over the Erasinos River. Building repair inscriptions from the site list many more structures than have been recovered to this point, including a palaestra and a gymnasion.
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Provinces in the west lacked this tradition, and the basilicas the Romans commissioned there were more typically Italian, with the central nave divided from the side-aisles by an internal colonnade in regular proportions. Ruins of the Basilica-stoa at Ephesus. Model of the Antonine basilica on Brysa Hill, Carthage. Ruins of the Trajanic basilica at Baelo Claudia.
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The amethyst dome was restored by a team of scholars led by Dr. Dwayne Little of the PLNC department of History and Political Science in 1983. The first Greek theater in North America was built on this site in 1901. It was used for sporting events and theatrical performances. The tessellated pavement and stoa were added in 1909.
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South rotunda and a surviving section of the south wall of the temenos. Holes for the beams of the stoa roof can still be seen in the temenos wall. Two rotundas topped by domes stand on either side of the main temple. Although they have been stripped of their original marble cladding, they are still substantially intact.
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Eryxias (; ) is a Socratic dialogue attributed to Plato, but which is considered spurious. It is set in the Stoa of Zeus Eleutherios, and features Socrates in conversation with Critias, Eryxias, and Erasistratus (nephew of Phaeax).A. E. Taylor, (2001), Plato: the man and his work, page 548. Dover The dialogue concerns the topic of wealth and virtue.
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The other entrance, also covered by marble and styled as the main entrance in almost the same size, opens to the east directly into the town's marketplace. Courtyard of the caravanserai, which is used as an open-air café. The large courtyard is surrounded by rooms behind arched stoa. The corner rooms are reached by a diagonal passage.
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In the mid-2000s, Class 69 multiple units were put into service on the line. By 2007, ridership was again rising, with a 16 percent increase that year. In 2008, a new station at Stoa was opened, costing NOK 1.5 million. On 15 December 2019 operation of the line passed from Vy to Go-Ahead Norge.
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The Temple of Apollo Patroos (meaning "from the fathers") is a small ruined temple of Ionic order built in 340–320 BCE. It is 10 m wide and 16.5 m long, and is located north-west of the Ancient Agora of Athens, near the Stoa of Zeus.plato-dialogues.org/tools/agora, URL accessed on June 3, 2008.en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0016337John McK.
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Its site has been identified as Küçükahuriyala, near Sütiğen, about 25 kilometres north of Kaş in Antalya Province, Turkey. The ruins are plentiful but in a poor state. They include part of the well-built city wall, a theatre, a stadium, a paved agora with stoa and some bases bearing inscriptions. The necropolis to the west includes sarcophagi and constructed tombs.
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Participation at NITOC requires Stoa membership. Students may compete in as many events at NITOC in which they are invited by either of the two invitational models. The 2012 National Invitational Tournament of Champions, held in Colorado Springs, Colorado, was regarded as the largest tournament in the history of homeschool speech and debate, where nearly 600 students competed across 13 different events.
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The broad plain extending 7 km to the east of Çığrı Dağ (described in Cook (1973) 208-15) is also considered a possibility. The earliest archaeological remains found on Çığrı Dağ date to the 6th century BCE. These include a temple, an agora, and a stoa, as well as fortifications at the western end of the site.Wiegartz (1994), Schulz (1994) and (2000).
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39-meter in diameter. Unlike most stoas, the columns of the Stoa of the Athenians were marble and executed in the Ionic, not Doric style. Three nearly complete columns have been set up on the modern archaeological site, along with the fragment of a fourth. Although the rafters were never recovered, evidence suggests that they spanned across the roof at 3.5-meter intervals.
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Though well- intentioned, his ignorance drew criticism from architecture historians and archaeologists. Kyriakos Pittakis campaigned to collect epigraphical material in Athens, gathering inscriptions in the church of Megali Panagia, the Theseum, the Stoa of Hadrian and the Tower of the Winds. Such preservationary efforts have been considered significant contributions to Greek archaeology. He also carried out the first excavations at Mycenae in 1841.
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Panaenus, brother of Phidias, was an ancient Greek painter who worked in conjunction with Polygnotus and Micon at Athens. The painting of the Battle of Marathon in the Stoa poikile is ascribed to Panaenus and to Micon and Polygnotus, who may have assisted him.Smith, William (ed.) 1870, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Little & Brown, Boston & London (p.
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These buildings were open to the public; merchants could sell their goods, artists could display their artwork, and religious gatherings could take place. Stoas usually surrounded the marketplaces or agora of large cities and were used as a framing device. Other examples were designed to create safe, protective atmospheres which combined useful inside and outside space. The name of the Stoic school of philosophy derives from "stoa".
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The inscription has been assigned on epigraphic grounds to the Hadrianic period, 117–138AD. The stoa was dismantled in the second half of the third century AD to make room for a defensive wall; previously the site had been undefended.Hall 1976:196. The site was first noted by Hoskyns and Forbes, in 1841, and published in the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, xii (1843).
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His writings included a translation from the Italian of Stoa Triumphans: or Two Sober Paradoxes, I. The Praise of Banishment, II. The Dispraise of Honors by Virgilio Malvezzi (1651) and a Welsh book, ' (1657). Other manuscript works, including Fragmenta de Rebus Britannicis, A Short Account of the Lives, Manners, and Religion of the British Druids and Bards, were left in his will to his friend Henry Vaughan.
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The rise of Mithridates offered some hope of independence to the cities of Greece. The Athenian people made Athenion the ambassador to Mithridates on the basis of his skill at oratory and experience of the east. Mithridates had other ideas. Winning the ambassador by banquets and promises he sent him back to Athens, where he set up headquarters in front of the Stoa of Attalus.
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The monumental staircase to the propylaea was rebuilt and many of the columns of the Hellenistic stoa were re-erected. Large surfaces were covered with concrete. Bases and inscribed blocks were taken from their locations and placed along the restored walls. Judged by modern standards, this work took insufficient note of the evidence available from the excavations and in its methods did damage to the remains themselves.
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A simple granary Ancient Greek geometric art box in the shape of granaries, 850 BC. On display in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens, housed in the Stoa of Attalos. Sundanese traditional granary, in West Java, Indonesia. A granary is a storehouse or room in a barn for threshed grain or animal feed. Ancient or primitive granaries are most often made out of pottery.
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Bouleuterion of Olympia Bouleuterion area in Olympia The Bouleuterion (Council House) of Ancient Olympia was a building inside the archaeological site of Olympia. A bouleuterion was an assembly house for local legislatures and other meetings. Building complex comprising two main buildings, a square room, and a stoa. The edifices were erected south of the Temple of Zeus and date back to the 6th - 4th Century BC.
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To the west of the altar there was a rectangular open space with a water-proofed basin in the centre, surrounded by a u-shaped stoa. A propylon on the western side of this compound allowed access to both the open space and thus to the altar itself. In Augustan times, this open space was planted with trees in order to turn it into a sacred grove.
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Some of the notable landmarks in the city centre also date from the late Ottoman period. The municipal Clock Tower of Ioannina, designed by local architect Periklis Meliritos, was erected in 1905 to celebrate the Jubilee of sultan Abdul Hamid II, and the adjacent to it building housing the VIII Division headquarters dates from the late 19th century. Some neoclassical buildings such the Post office, the old Zosimaia School, the Papazogleios Weaving School, and the former Commercial School date from the late Ottoman period as do a few arcades located in the old commercial centre of the city like Stoa Louli and Stoa Liampei. The churches of the Assumption of the Virgin at Perivleptos, Saint Nicholas of Kopanon and Saint Marina were rebuilt in the 1850s by funds from Nikolaos Zosimas and his brothers on the foundations of previous churches that perished in the great fire of 1820.
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The bouleuterion in Morgantina is a rectangular building located west of the agora of the city. It was founded during the 3rd century BC, a period of great prosperity for Morgantina, which, from 5th century BC on had acquired a profoundly Hellenic character. The building had a bipartite plan. A walled forecourt led through a stoa to the main entrance, centrally located at the east wall of the auditorium.
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He achieved this by constructing huge buttress walls and vaults, and filling the necessary sections with earth and rubble.Negev (2005), p. 265 A basilica, called by Josephus "the Royal Stoa", was constructed on the southern end of the expanded platform, which provided a focus for the city's commercial and legal transactions, and which was provided with separate access to the city below via the Robinson's Arch overpass.Mazar (1975), pp.
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Each column was approximately in diameter and, according to Josephus, tall, though classical proportions would have had it at roughly . The central hall was twice as tall as the aisles, probably nearly tall. Israeli archaeologist Ehud Netzer estimates the Royal Stoa was roughly wide and long, though Josephus gives its length as a stade (approximately 600 ft). The central aisle had a higher ceiling than the side-aisles.
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31-32, pls.150-151 Towards the orchestra there is a barrier from the Roman era, then a drainage channel contemporary with the Lycurgan theatre. The skene of this phase was built back-to-back with the earlier long hall or stoa the breccia foundations of which remain. It is evident that the new skene building consisted of a long chamber from which projected at either end northward two rectangular paraskenia.
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Robinson's Arch was constructed as part of King Herod's renovation and expansion of the Second Temple, announced in 20–19 BCE. It was built to link the Tyropoeon Valley street, a major traffic artery in the Second Temple Period, with the Royal Stoa at the southern end of the Temple Mount platform. The site abuts a major ancient intersection. Opposite lay a large public square fronting the Temple's main Hulda Gates.
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The representation of the hoplite formation in this period hints that the Greeks were still using this formation in warfare. In addition, this alabastron is an example of the combination of a mythological battle (the Gigantomachy) and aspects of real battles (the hoplite formation) that we see in other examples of Greek Art, specifically the Temple of Athena Nike on the Akropolis and the Stoa Poikile on the Classical Agora.
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The Library of Pergamon was the second largest in the ancient Greek world after the Library of Alexandria, containing at least 200,000 scrolls. The location of the library building is not certain. Since the 19th century excavations, it has generally been identified with an annex of the northern stoa of the sanctuary of Athena in the Upper Citadel, which was built by Eumenes II.Altertümer von Pergamon. II, p. 56–88.
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These vaults, the building and Robinson's Arch, all supported a monumental flight of stairs which led the street up and over the Typropoeon street to the gate of the Royal Stoa at the top of the Temple Mount platform.Ben Dov 1985, pp. 130–133. Numerous stone steps, some still adjoined, were also found nearby. Excavations near the arch resumed between 1994 and 1996, directed by Ronny Reich and Yaacov Billig.
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The triglyph and metope altar from the south; beyond the altar is the western end of the L-shaped stoa. About east of the Temple of Hera Akraia, there was a stone altar decorated with a triglyph and metope frieze dating from the early 4th century BCE. This altar measured about . In the late 4th century BCE Ionic columns were added to the corners, perhaps for a canopy.
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The gymnasium The gymnasium, which is half a mile away from the main sanctuary, was a series of buildings used by the youth of Delphi. The building consisted of two levels: a stoa on the upper level providing open space, and a palaestra, pool and baths on lower floor. These pools and baths were said to have magical powers, and imparted the ability to communicate to Apollo himself.
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In fact, it seems that one of them tried to adopt her. In the end however, after the prisoner exchange, Ekaterini returned to her family and later she went to the newly created Greek state.Poikile Stoa [Ποικίλη Στοά] - Εθνική εικονογραφημένη επετηρίς (1881). p. 247-248. There, she was put under the protection of Queen Amalia, who gave her the title of “Lady-in-Waiting” of the royal court.
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On the east side of the atrium is a two-story baptistery, and a small chamber with an entrance. The south side of the atrium has an open stoa of plain piers, which leads southward to a doorway. The west side of the atrium only has one entrance, whose doorway does not remain. The small church lies atop the western slope, southwest of the main group of village buildings.
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At the interior court, a series of simplified, square, Tuscan columns creates a gallery enclosing individual market areas within each bay. The stoa-like galleries are sheltered by a wood and sheet-metal roof pitched inward toward the court. Additional continuous wood and sheet-metal eaves, stemming from the colonnade and suspended by link-chains from the architrave provide shelter within the court for those doing their shopping.
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Plan of the Sanctuary of Apollo Minoan Fountain in Delos Nine steps led to the water level. The Minoan Fountain was a monumental public fountain hewn directly from the natural rock. It is located directly behind the Stoa of Antigonos outside the temenos of the Sanctuary of Apollo on the island of Delos. The fountainhouse formalized the use of the sacred spring, and was dedicated to the Cult of the Nymphs.
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Micon the Younger of Athens, simply Micon or Mikon () was an ancient Greek painter and sculptor from the middle of the 5th century BC. He was closely associated with Polygnotus of Thasos, in conjunction with whom he adorned the Stoa poikile ("Painted Portico"), at Athens, with paintings of the Battle of Marathon and other battles. He also painted in the Anakeion at Athens. His daughter was the painter, Timarete.
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Since 2006, her band released four albums and toured extensively around the world (including Asia, the Middle East, US and Canada). The BBC tagged them as the "Asian band to most likely to cross over North American shores" while Time has called the band's music "genre-defying" as well as "both thoughtful and sensual." Her band has garnered critical praise from artists such as Tim Bowness of No-Man, Curt Smith of Tears for Fears, and a collaborative track with Scotland's Paul Buchanan of The Blue Nile. Last year, she launched Startup Series where she plays her unreleased tracks, as well as the beloved hits she has created with UDD in new cities, and kicked it off in Berlin and in the UK. Stoa Sound, the music-producing body of Stoa Studios was founded by Millare writing original music for film, animation and other media, preserving the same vision and attention to detail as the multi-disciplinary brand.
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The Temple of Hephaestus; this monument was mistakenly thought to be the Temple of Theseus after which the neighborhood was named Statue of Theseus just outside the Thissio Metro Station King Otto in Athens, Peter von Hess, 1839 A Line 1 Metro train (Green Line) passes by the Stoa of Attalos, adjacent to the Ancient Agora, Thiseio Church of the Holy Apostles next to the Stoa of Attalos The Roman-era Philopappos Monument View of the Odeon of Herodes Atticus(2012). Open-air ancient theatre The National Observatory sits atop The Hill of Nymphon in Thiseio, Athens Thiseio or Thissio (, ) is the name of a traditional neighbourhood in downtown Athens, Greece, northwest of the Acropolis, 1.5 km southwest of downtown. Long ago, the name was derived from the Temple of Hephaestus which was mistakenly known as Thiseion in reference to Theseus, the mythical king of Athens, which gave rise to the neighbourhood being named Thiseio. The area has many cafés and cultural meeting points.
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A statue of the Venus in a bikini was found in a cupboard in the southwest corner in Casa della Venere, others were found in the front hall.Pompeian Households, Stoa Image Gallery, The Stoa Consortium A statue of the Venus was recovered from the tablinum of the house of Julia Felix,Mary Beard & John Henderson, Classical Art, page 116, Oxford University Press, 2001, and another from an atrium in the garden at Via Dell'Abbondanza.Elisabeth B. MacDougall, Wilhelmina Mary Feemster Jashemski & Dumbarton Oaks, Ancient Roman Gardens, page 38, Dumbarton Oaks, 1979, Naples National Archaeological Museum, which opened its limited viewing gallery of more explicit exhibits in 2000, also exhibits a "Venus in Bikini".David Willey, "Pompeii's erotic art goes on show", BBC News, 2000-04-16 However, the Naples National Archaeological Museum is keen to stress that this statue actually depicts her Greek counterpart Aphrodite as she is about to untie her sandal, a common theme among other works depicting Aphrodite.
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A street in Ladadika district Also called the historic centre, it is divided into several districts, including Dimokratias Square (Democracy Sq. known also as Vardaris) Ladadika (where many entertainment venues and tavernas are located), Kapani (where the city's central Modiano market is located), Diagonios, Navarinou, Rotonda, Agia Sofia and Hippodromio, which are all located around Thessaloniki's most central point, Aristotelous Square. Various commercial stoas around Aristotelous are named from the city's past and historic personalities of the city, like stoa Hirsch, stoa Carasso/Ermou, Pelosov, Colombou, Modiano, Morpurgo, Mordoch, Simcha, Malakopi, Olympios, Emboron, Rogoti, Vyzantio, Tatti, Agiou Mina, Karipi etc.Στις στοές της Θεσσαλονίκης kathimerini.gr The western portion of the city centre is home to Thessaloniki's law courts, its central international railway station and the port, while its eastern side hosts the city's two universities, the Thessaloniki International Exhibition Centre, the city's main stadium, its archaeological and Byzantine museums, the new city hall and its central parks and gardens, namely those of the ΧΑΝΘ and Pedion tou Areos.
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John Travlos (; Rostov-on-Don 1908 – Athens, October 28, 1985) was a Greek architect, architectural historian, and archaeologist known especially for his work at Athens in the agora of the ancient city."John Travlos, 1908-1985." Homer A. Thompson American Journal of Archaeology 90.3:343-45 (July 1986) Published by: Archaeological Institute of America Article Stable URL: www.jstor.org/stable/505692 He is the architect that restored the Stoa of Attalos in Athens (1952-1956).
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One half of a bronze mold for casting a socketed spear head dated to the period 1400-1000 BC. There are no known parallels for this mold. Stone mold of the Bronze Age used to produce spear tips. Ancient Greek molds, used to mass- produce clay figurines, 5th/4th century BC. Beside them, the modern casts taken from them. On display in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens, housed in the Stoa of Attalus.
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Façade of the building Typical of the Hellenistic age, the stoa was more elaborate and larger than the earlier buildings of ancient Athens and had two rather than the normal one storeys. The stoa's dimensions are and it is made of Pentelic marble and limestone. The building skillfully makes use of different architectural orders. The Doric order was used for the exterior colonnade on the ground floor with Ionic for the interior colonnade.
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As a Lady in Waiting she accompanied Amalia to her official visits in the royal courts of various European Countries.Poikile Stoa [Ποικίλη Στοά] - Εθνική εικονογραφημένη επετηρίς (1881). p. 248. In 1844, she was honored by the king of Bavaria, Ludwig I, with a Golden Cross. Furthermore, during her stay in Bavaria, she won the admiration of the public not only for her beauty, but also for being the daughter of the famous fighter Markos Botsaris.
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Its inside walls are still covered with black soot from the smoke produced by the machinery. The north rotunda is currently used as a mosque. The two rotundas stood within courtyards to the north and south of the main temple. They were surrounded on all sides by stoas measuring some deep, supported on the eastern side by atlantes and caryatids that each consisted of two figures standing back-to- back supporting the stoa roof.
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The Beth Israel Synagogue (Halifax, Nova Scotia) originally was known as the "Baron de Hirsch Benevolent Society". There is also a Baron Hirsch Synagogue in Memphis, Tennessee and Temple De Hirsch Sinai in Seattle and Bellevue, Washington.Baron de Hirsch Cemetery, Halifax and Baron Hirsch Cemetery on Staten Island, New York is also named for him. Hirsch is honoured also with naming a commercial stoa, a street and a district at the center of Thessaloniki, Greece.
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STOA is an official organ of the European Parliament, responsible for technology assessment and is active since 1987. Its task is to carry out expert, independent assessments of the impact of new technologies and identify long-term, strategic policy options useful to the Parliament's committees in their policy-making role. STOA's work is carried out in partnership with external experts. These can be research institutes, universities, laboratories, consultancies or individual researchers contracted to help prepare specific projects.
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Datis fighting the polemarch of Athens Kallimachos at the Battle of Marathon, in the Stoa Poikile (reconstitution). A polemarch (, from , polemarchos) was a senior military title in various ancient Greek city states (poleis). The title is derived from the words polemos (war) and archon (ruler, leader) and translates as "warleader" or "warlord". The name indicates that the polemarch's original function was to command the army; presumably the office was created to take over this function from the king.
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The National Christian Homeschool Speech and Debate Rankings, also known as Speechranks, is a comprehensive website that ranks Christian homeschooled speakers and debaters around the country who are in high school or middle school. Speechranks was created in 2010 for promoting transparency and fairness in the Christian homeschool forensics community. Results from Stoa tournaments are uploaded onto Speechranks by tournament administrators. Speechranks also allows students to enter their own information if they compete in other Christian homeschool tournaments.
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At its corners, there were two risalit- like side wings, each about 9.3 m long, the western one facing east and vice versa. North of the east wing stood a further short west-facing stoa. All of the sanctuary's western part, now lost, stood on the remains of the Mycenaean fortification wall. All that remains of the eastern pare are foundations for walls, cut into the bedrock, as well as some very few architectural members of limestone.
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The identification of the site with the ancient city became possible thanks to the discovery of ancient tiles stamped with the Greek word DIMALLITAN written in Northwestern or Doric Greek dialect (ΔΙΜΑΛΛΙΤΑΝ "of the Dimallians"). Epigraphy in Dimale mentions a number of Greek offices such as prytanis, grammateus and phylarchos as well as a single dedication to Phoebus. The city hosted a number of monuments, typical of the ancient Greek architectural style, such as a stoa.
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In the 11th century AD, another earthquake occurred and the church in the sekos collapsed. This was replaced by only a small chapel which was used for the Christian cult. Another early Christian church was constructed 100 meters north of the temple of Apollo, at approximately the same location where today the mosque stands. This church also employed the use of ancient blocks salvaged from the temple of Artemis nearby and the previously mentioned Doric stoa above.
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The upper terrace measured 150 x 70 metres square, making it the largest of the three terraces. It consisted of a courtyard surrounded by stoas and other structures, measuring roughly 36 x 74 metres. This complex is identified as a palaestra and had a theatre-shaped lecture hall beyond the northern stoa, which is probably of Roman date and a large banquet hall in the centre. Further rooms of uncertain function were accessible from the stoas.
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View of the Agora of Athens with the temple of Hephaestus to the left and the Stoa of Attalos to the right Great Colonnade" marks the cardo maximus of Apamea, Syria. Ancient Mesopotamia, the area of the Tigris and Euphrates within modern day Iraq and Syria, was home to numerous cities by the third millennium BC. These cities formed the basis of the Sumerian and subsequent cultures.Adams (1981), p. 2. "Southern Mesopotamia was a land of cities.
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At the extreme southwest end of the sanctuary, there is a polygonal area of roughly largely cut into the rock beside the cove. This structure has been variously termed the agora, or the west court. This structure may date to the 6th century BCE and thus be contemporary with the Temple of Hera Akraia. It appears to have been destroyed in the 4th century BCE; it has been proposed that the L-shaped stoa took over its function.
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About east-northeast of the sanctuary, there was a hexastyle-prostyle fountain house (having six columns in its facade). Behind the facade there were three rock-cut basins, similar to the Pirene fountain house at Corinth. This structure was later incorporated into a rural villa in the Roman period. This fountain house is thought to date to the same time as the L-shaped stoa, which is the ultimate destination of the water of the system.
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As part of the evening's ceremonies, King Paul of Greece awarded the Golden Cross of the Order of Benefaction—one of Greece's highest honors—to her. The mayor of Athens made her an honorary citizen of the city. The US news media, including Time magazine, covered the event. An article in Publishers Weekly described the event in Hamilton's honor: floodlights illuminated the Parthenon, the Temple of Zeus and, for the first time in history, the Stoa.
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The Modern Stoicism movement relies heavily on global social media and online communities. As E.O. Scott puts it "Modern Stoicism is really a 'Web 2.0' phenomenon." One of the key sites is the Modern Stoicism website, which harbors the Stoicism Today blog and hosts the Annual Stoic Week (online) and Stoicon (offline) events. Another important place is the New Stoa, which was founded in May 1996 and is arguably the first lasting Stoic community on the internet.
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Antoninus Pius paved the great east to west artery with granite. A circus, other colonnades and great numbers of baths were built, and new aqueducts to supply them bore the names of Caesars, the finest being the work of Hadrian. The Roman client, King Herod (most likely the great builder Herod the Great), erected a long stoa on the east, and Agrippa (c. 63–12 BC) encouraged the growth of a new suburb south of this.
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He was a teacher of the later King George I and his wife Olga. He had been a secretary of the Archaeological Society of Athens for 36 years. Among his discoveries, during his tenure at the Archaeological Society, were the Stoa of Attalos, the Hadrian's Library, the Theatre of Dionysus, the Dipylon and the Kerameikos. He was also a member of the Institut de France, the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Göttingen Academy of Sciences.
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This time in an eventual 6–4 Flyers win, the brawl started early as Flyers defenseman Luke Schenn checked Caps forward Ryan Stoa into the boards, which led to a fight between Schenn and Tom Wilson. At the same time, the Flyers Vincent Lecavalier and Capitals John Erskine fought, as did Wayne Simmonds and the Capitals Connor Carrick. The brawl, coincidentally, occurred on the 10-year anniversary of the famous Flyers brawl with the Ottawa Senators.
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Remains of a stoa, altars, and other structures have been found at the site as well. The Sanctuary of Despoina at Lycosoura is located 9 km WSW of Megalopolis, 6.9 km SSE of Mount Lykaion, and 160 km SW of Athens. There is a small museum at the archaeological site housing small finds as well as part of the cult group, while the remains of the cult statues of Despoina and Demeter are displayed at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
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Artaphernes fighting the Greeks at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, in the Stoa Poikile (reconstitution) Artaphernes II was satrap of Lydia, including Ionia. Artaphernes (), son of Artaphernes, was the nephew of Darius the Great, and a general of the Achaemenid Empire. He was a Satrap of Lydia from 492 to after 480. He was appointed, together with Datis, to take command of the expedition sent by Darius to punish Athens and Eretria for their support for the Ionian Revolt.
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7 The temple could not have been in functioned to a later date than the 4th or 5th century, when all pagan shrines were closed during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire. Remains on the site include Roman baths, an underground cistern, a Roman fountain, a small Doric temple of Apollo (4th century BC, hexastyle prostyle), an altar, a shrine of the muses, living quarters for the sanctuary staff, a Roman gateway, and a stoa (late 4th century BC).
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She dealt mainly with translations of which some of them were published in separate books and others in newspapers and magazines of the period. Among others, Soutsou translated "The Magdalene" by Jules Sandeau (1879), “La charité privée à Paris” by Maxime du Camp (1884), “The Palermo Capuchins Monastery” by Alexandre Dumas, “Les Martyrs de la science” by Tissandier etc. At the same time she collaborated with various publications such as Estia, Poikili Stoa, Evdomas, Revue du Monde, etc.Koula Xiradaki, 1999, p. 126.
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Light was provided by clerestory windows in the upper part of the central hall. It is also possible that an apse stood at the eastern wall of the Stoa. Josephus describes the columns as Corinthian in style and Corinthian capitals have indeed been found in excavations along the mount's southern wall, as well as reused in later Roman, Byzantine and Islamic structures. The ceilings were ornamented with deeply cut wood-carvings while other parts of the interior were apparently covered with stucco.
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N. P. Milner: "A Roman Bridge at Oinoanda", Anatolian Studies, 48 (1998), pp.117–123 By 2012 over 300 fragments of Diogenes' stoa had been identified, varying in size from a few letters to passages of several sentences covering more than one block."The Oinoanda campaign of 2012 ", German Archaeological Institute (DAI) website (accessed 27 June 2014) New archaeological work is being conducted at the site by the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. Oenoanda is a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
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The Stoa was a suitable size and enough architectural elements remained to assist in producing an accurate reconstruction. In particular enough of the northern end remained to allow engineers to ensure that the reconstructed building would be the same height as the original building. His proposal was accepted and so in June 1953, Ward M. Canaday (president of the Board of Trustees of ASCSA from 1949–1964) authorized the beginning of the work, and in January 1954, the landscape program was formally inaugurated.
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Attalos II commemorated this friendship by building a two-storied stoa in Termessos. Termessos was an ally of Rome, and so in 71 BC was granted independent status by the Roman Senate; according to this law its freedom and rights were guaranteed. This independence was maintained continuously for a long time, the only exception being an alliance with Amyntas king of Galatia (reigned 36-25 BC). This independence is documented also by the coins of Termessos, which bear the title "Autonomous".
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The east boundary line of the Temple complex never changed. Josephus was clear that Herod refused to let his builders make any changes in the ancient works of the east wall because of the great expense. Herod allowed the construction of new courts on the north, west and south sides of the Temple but the east wall remained intact and undisturbed. Not to be confused with Herod's Royal Stoa, a porch, portico, or colonnade on the south wall of Herod's Temple.
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Pausanias remarking on the subjects shown in the Royal Stoa, Athens (i.3.1) and on the throne of Apollo at Amyklai (iii.18.10ff). Although Cephalus was already married to Procris, Eos bore him three sons, including Phaeton and Hesperus, but he then began pining for Procris, causing a disgruntled Eos to return him to her and put a curse on them. In Hyginus' report, Cephalus accidentally killed Procris some time later after he mistook her for an animal while hunting.
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The plays were composed between 210 and 184 BC and refer to a building that might be identified with the Atrium Regium. Another early example is the basilica at Pompeii (late 2nd century BC). Inspiration may have come from prototypes like Athens's Stoa Basileios or the hypostyle hall on Delos, but the architectural form is most derived from the audience halls in the royal palaces of the Diadochi kingdoms of the Hellenistic period. These rooms were typically a high nave flanked by colonnades.
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Digital reconstruction of the 2nd century BC Basilica Sempronia, in the Forum Romanum. 19th century reconstruction of the 2nd century AD Basilica Ulpia, part of the Trajan's Forum, Rome. Ruins of the late 5th century AD basilica at Mushabbak, Syria Reconstruction of the basilica at alt= In Ancient Roman architecture, a basilica is a large public building with multiple functions, typically built alongside the town's forum. The basilica was in the Latin West equivalent to a stoa in the Greek East.
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The Stoa of Eumenes was constructed south of the Asklepieion staircase and the peripatos, on an artificial terrace of 9m x 13ms. To retain the pathway to the north an arched retaining wall was constructed along the northern edge of the site. Along this wall, the remains of which now dominate the site, the arcade was built. A substantial part of its northern wall, which is made from breccia and limestone and faced with Hymettian and Pentelic marble, is still preserved.
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Most of the architectural members of the arcade would likely have been built in Pergamon and shipped to Athens.J.M. Camp, The Archaeology of Athens, 2001, p.172 In the 2nd century AD, the western end of the Eumenes Stoa was connected to the Odeon of Herod Atticus by a staircase at the eastern end of its interior. The gallery was in use until the 3rd century AD, when it was destroyed and its material used in the construction of the Valerian wall.
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Most of the mine shafts in Arendalsfeltet is today present as steep openings ending in water, as this one from the Solborg mines at Stoa, this particular mine is called Heierås gruve. Arendalsfeltet is a geologic province in Norway, between Fevik and Tvedestrand in the county of Aust-Agder, mainly situated within the borders of Arendal. Arendalsfeltet is especially known for its deposits of iron ore. The first extraction of iron ore from Arendalsfeltet was in around 1585 and mining continued until 1975.
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He remained Professor Emeritus of philosophy at University of California at Berkeley until his death. Mates's 1948 dissertation, "On the Logic of the Old Stoa", formed the basis for his 1953 book Stoic Logic, of which Peter Geach wrote, "Stoic logic is a difficult subject [...] Dr. Mates's monograph is a strenuous and successful effort to overcome these difficulties."P.T. Geach, The Philosophical Review, 64:1 (January 1955), p. 143. Mates's 1965 book, Elementary Logic, remains a widely used introductory textbook in symbolic logic.
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Xenophon Paionidis Xenophon Paionidis (; 1863-1933) was a Greek architect from Chalkidiki (Fourka), notable for his works in the city of Thessaloniki. Among his works are the "Villa Jeborga/Salem" (former Italian consulate, 1878), "Hafiz Bey mansion" (1879), Papafeio Orphanage (1894), Ioannidis civil school (1900), Nedelkos clinic (1909), Nedelkos building (1924), "Villa Mordoch" (1905), Hotel Augustos (1923) the old Post Office -Stoa Pelosov- (1924) and others. In Chalkidiki, he designed the Polygyros high school, such as the schools of Ormylia, Nikiti, Vasilika, Vrastama, Sykia and Parthenonas villages.
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Hypnos and Thanatos carrying the body of Sarpedon from the battlefield of Troy; detail from an Attic white-ground lekythos, ca. 440 BC. Winged Eros Thanatos, with reversed torch and crossed legs (3rd century BC, Stoa of Attalus, Athens) An Orphic Hymn that invoked Thanatos, here given in late 18th century translation: > To Death, Fumigation from Manna. Hear me, O Death, whose empire unconfin'd > extends to mortal tribes of ev'ry kind. On thee, the portion of our time > depends, whose absence lengthens life, whose presence ends.
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The Church of Mary in Ephesus The Church of Mary () is an ancient Christian cathedral dedicated to the Theotokos ("Birth-Giver of God", i.e., the Virgin Mary), located in Ephesus (near present-day Selçuk in Turkey). It is also known as the Church of the Councils because two councils of importance to the history of Early Christianity are assumed to have been held within. The church is located in the south stoa of the Olympieion (Temple of Hadrian Olympios) next to the harbor of Ephesus.
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In 1957 the Greek state assumed responsibility for the administration and security of the museum and the archaeological site. The ceremony of the signing of the 2003 Treaty of Accession of 10 countries – Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia – to the European Union was conducted in the Stoa of Attalos on 16 April 2003. The Greek Ministry of Culture undertook further renovations in 2003 to 2004. The second floor of the building was refurbished and reopened in 2012.
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The stoa and the sacred spring from the SW. A spring emerged from the northwest end of the rock spur running down from the acropolis hill to the southeast of the site. This spring was the focus of cult activity from the 8th century BCE forward. The first activity on the site known after the Bronze Age is thus linked to cultic practice at this spring. Dedications were made by throwing objects into this sacred spring, which was located immediately northwest of the later temple platform.
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Subsequently, Asterius's sermon On the Martyrdom of St Euphemia was advanced as an argument for iconodulism at the Second Council of Nicaea in 787. In the late 4th century, a large basilica church dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus was constructed in Ephesus in the former south stoa (a commercial basilica) of the Temple of Hadrian Olympios. Ephesus was the centre of the Roman province of Asia, and was the site of the city's famed Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
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173-182, first conjectured the similarity, later study of Stoa of Attalos confirmed the resemblance of the architectural elements and suggests they might have had the same architect. Although the stoae have different functions. Travlos, p.523 As a careful study of the fragmentary remains of the capitals and cornice showed that the building was for the most part made of a kind of island marble from which most of the buildings in Pergamon were built, while it is not found in other Athens buildings.
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Tract Succah (Booths): Chapter V The building was continuously improved, even after Herod's death and up to its very destruction in 70 CE.E. Mazar (2002), p. 26. Unlike the earlier structures which stood at the site, there are in fact many archaeological finds, including inscriptions, supporting Josephus' account of Herod's Temple.E. Mazar (2002), pp. 24-61. Herod expanded the Temple courtyard to the south, where he built the Royal Stoa, a basilica used for commercial purposes, similar to other forums of the ancient world.
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The Latin word basilica (derived from Greek, Basiliké Stoà, Royal Stoa) was originally used to describe a Roman public building (as in Greece, mainly a tribunal), usually located in the forum of a Roman town.The Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art and Architecture (2013 ), p. 117 After the Roman Empire became officially Christian, the term came by extension to refer to a large and important church that has been given special ceremonial rights by the Pope. Thus the word retains two senses today, one architectural and the other ecclesiastical.
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From tussock to tussock we gained the city's > slopes. Stone or marble showed it here and there, blanketed in grass among > the yellow iris, with white columns laid on their sides by the Byzantines > and used for a foundation. A Yurük came up with friendly manners to offer > the hospitality of his tent. No one, said he, came to Bargylia, except the > sister of the member for Milas, a good young archaeologist, who had looked – > he waved his hand over the prostrate temples, odeon, stoa, fluted columns, > that lay as if asleep under the grass.
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In 303 BC Sicyon was conquered by Demetrius Poliorcetes who razed the ancient city in the plain and built a new wall on the ruins of the old Acropolis on the high triangular plateau which resulted sufficient for the reduced populace. The new agora was adorned by a "Painted Stoa" attributed to the king's mistress Lamia, a flute player. For a short time the town was now called "Demetrias", but eventually the old name prevailed. Demetrius left a garrison in the castle to control the city, and the commander Cleon established another tyrannical regime.
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He is one of three Conservative members representing the West Midlands Region of the UK. He is chairman of the Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection and is a Member of the European Conservatives and Reformists Group. He is vice- chairman of the Parliament's Science and Technology Options Assessment Panel (STOA) and a Member of the Inter-Parliamentary Delegation to Japan. Harbour takes a special interest in the EU Single Market, industry, science and technology policy. He is chairman of the European Manufacturing Forum, the Ceramics Industry Forum and the Conservative Technology Forum.
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References from G. Downey,The tombs of the Byzantine emperors at the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople, Journal of Hellenic Studies 79 (1959) p. 46 However, chronicler Zonaras says that at some "later" date his body was exhumed and reburied in or near the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople, where Constantine and the rest of his family lay.Downey gives the text: '...later the body was transferred to the imperial city' (xiii 13, 25) His sarcophagus is listed as standing in a "stoa" there by Constantine Porphyrogenitus.
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Micon painted the Amazonomachy on the Stoa Poikile of the Ancient Agora of Athens, which is now lost.Micon-Britannica Phidias depicted Amazonomachy on the footstool of the chryselephantine statue of Zeus at Olympia. In 2018, archaeologists discovered relief-decorated shoulder boards made from bronze that were part of a breastplate of a Greek warrior at a Celtic sacrificial place near the village of Slatina nad Bebravou in Slovakia. Deputy of director of Slovak Archaeological Institute said that it is the oldest original Greek art relic in the area of Slovakia.
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Unlike his predecessors, the Hasmonean kings who had also served as High Priests, Herod was not of the priestly caste and was therefore unable to participate in priestly rituals. A client king appointed by the Romans, lacking legitimacy and unpopular with his subjects, Herod had initiated the Temple reconstruction to win favour among the Jews, but was forbidden from even entering the inner sanctum of his crowning achievement. It was thus the monumental Royal Stoa which gave Herod his rightful status on the Mount, a showcase of his majesty and grandeur.
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View of the ancient agora. The temple of Hephaestus is to the left and the Stoa of Attalos to the right. The ancient Agora of Athens (also called the Classical Agora) is the best-known example of an ancient Greek agora, located to the northwest of the Acropolis and bounded on the south by the hill of the Areopagus and on the west by the hill known as the Agoraios Kolonos, also called Market Hill.R.E. Wycherley, Literary and Epigraphical Testimonia (Athenian Agora) (American School of Classical Studies, 1957), p. 27.
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The museum is housed in the Stoa of Attalos, and its exhibits are connected with the Athenian democracy. The collection of the museum includes clay, bronze and glass objects, sculptures, coins and inscriptions from the 7th to the 5th century BC, as well as pottery of the Byzantine period and the Turkish occupation. The exhibition within the museum contains work of art which describes the private and public life in ancient Athens. In 2012, new sculpture exhibition was added to the museum which includes portraits from Athenian Agora excavation.
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In the 4th century BC, during the beginning of the Hellenistic era, Hagia Triada fell under the control of the polis of Phaistos and was reinstated as a place of worship. In this period, an aedicula was installed over a Minoan stoa in honor of Zeus Velchanos. In the same location, a bull protome was also found, built around the 2nd century BC, which is attributed to the shrine of Velchanos. Velchanos appears to have been worshipped in Gortyna as well, as coins depicting him have been found.
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In the early history of the Pnyx, three phases can be distinguished:The Pnyx // The Stoa: A Consortium for Electronic Publication in the Humanities Pnyx I: Probably constructed in the early 5th century. The people apparently sat on the hillside facing a speaker's platform on the north. The seating capacity may have been anywhere from 6000 to 13,000 people. This phase is represented archaeologically only by a few cuttings in the bedrock and a boundary stone (not found in situ), so that it is impossible to determine the date and size with any precision.
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The rest of the structure was of Hellenistic date, built in local marble and had a marble frieze decorated with bucrania. About 9.5 metres in front of the east-facing building, there was an altar, which was 7 metres long and 2.3 metres wide. The temple and the altar were built for Demeter by Philetaerus, his brother Eumenes, and their mother Boa. In the east part of the courtyard, there were more than ten rows of seating laid out in front of the northern stoa for participants in the mysteries of Demeter.
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Competitive speech competitions and debates comprise the area of forensics. Forensics leagues have a number of speech events, generally determined by geographical region or league preference. While there are several key events that have been around a long time, there are several experimental events around the country every year that can be limited to individual tournaments. Forensics leagues in the United States includes the National Speech and Debate Association, the National Christian Forensics and Communications Association, the American Forensics Association, the National Forensics Association, the Interstate Oratorical Association and Stoa USA.
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Pia Machita (, meaning He Has no Metate), was born around 1860 and was eighty to eighty-four years old when the trouble began. He lived with his small band of about thirty people in the northwestern area of the Hickiwan District, at an isolated village called Stoa Pitk. Machita identified as a Mexican citizen. He openly said that he did not recognize the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, by which the United States took "control" of O'odham land, and therefore he did not recognize the authority of the Indian Bureau or of the O'odham tribal government.
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Plutarch, Moralia. Greek and Roman Parallel Stories: "Callimachus was pierced with so many spears that, dead though he was, he stood upright" There was a custom at Athens that the father of the man who had the most valorous death in a battle should pronounce the funerary oration in public. So, after the battle of Marathon, the father of Callimachus and the father of Cynaegirus had an argument about who of their sons were the bravest. Callimachus was portrayed among the Athenian gods and heroes on the wall‐paintings of the Stoa Poikile.
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Exedra tombstone An exedra (plural: exedras or exedrae) is a semicircular architectural recess or platform, sometimes crowned by a semi-dome, and either set into a building's façade or free-standing. The original Greek sense (ἐξέδρα, a seat out of doors) was applied to a room that opened onto a stoa, ringed with curved high-backed stone benches, a suitable place for conversation. An exedra may also be expressed by a curved break in a colonnade, perhaps with a semicircular seat. The exedra would typically have an apsidal podium that supported the stone bench.
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In the championship game, Wheeler scored the game-winning goal in a 3–2 overtime win against the North Dakota Fighting Sioux. The play was featured on ESPN's SportsCenter and quickly gained notoriety for its similarity to the game- winning goal in the 1979 NCAA Championship Game, scored by Minnesota's Neal Broten, also against North Dakota. Wheeler was named the tournament MVP. Early in the 2007–08 season, following injuries to Ryan Stoa and Mike Howe, Wheeler was named an alternate captain for the Golden Gophers and recorded 35 points in 44 games.
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Thiseio is surrounded by hills, heights and historical sites which are within a walking distance. The Ancient Agora of Athens, Stoa of Attalos, the Temple of Hephaestus and Kerameikos Archaeological Museum can be entered from Thiseio; all others: the National Observatory of Athens, Acropolis of Athens, Philopappos Monument, Mouseion Hill, Pnyx, which is considered the birthplace of Democracy and the Mount Lycabettus can be easily reached or viewed from Thiseio. The panoramic views of them and their natural surroundings from the Areopagus height are spectacular, especially by night.
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Section of polygonal wall at Delphi, behind a pillar from the Athenian Stoa The retaining wall was built to support the terrace housing the construction of the second temple of Apollo in 548 BC. Its name is taken from the polygonal masonry of which it is constructed. At a later date, from 200 BC onwards, the stones were inscribed with the manumission contracts of slaves who were consecrated to Apollo. Approximately a thousand manumissions are recorded on the wall.Manumission Wall at Ashes2Art; Manumission of female slaves at Delphi at attalus.org.
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Plan of the building Exterior view Modiano Market or Stoa Modiano (Greek: Στοά Μοδιάνο) is an enclosed market in Thessaloniki, Greece. It was built between 1922 and 1925, after the great fire, on the site of the old Talmud Tora synagogue. It is in the center of the city and forms the central point of the city's market which encompasses over several blocks. It took its name from the architect Eli Modiano, a member of the well known Italo-Jewish Modiano family of the city, who owned the area and later the market.
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Available as PDF After Alexander's death in 323 BC, his generals, the Diadochi, divided up the territory he had conquered. After the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BC, Seleucus I Nicator won the territory of Syria, and he proceeded to found four "sister cities" in northwestern Syria, one of which was Antioch, a city named in honor of his father Antiochus; according to the Suda, it might be named after his son Antiochus. At the Suda On Line project of the Stoa Consortium. He is reputed to have built sixteen Antiochs.
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The quadriporticus was an annex of the Hellenistic citadel on the promontory to the east, which preceded the early imperial temple. Eastern stoa of the colonnaded square or quadriporticus at Pessinus (Photograph by A. Verlinde). The combination of a Hellenistic palace and a gymnasium (school) was a typical phenomenon of the Greek world during the Hellenistic age. Carbondating and ceramological analysis indicates that the palaestra (sports gym) was destroyed by a fire during the late Hellenistic age, suggesting that the colonnaded square as a functional entity was short- lived.
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A stone covered portico (stoa) of Gothic style was added on its south side during this time. Iconostasis of the Church of St. Lazarus The three imposing domes of this Orthodox Basilica Church and the original bell tower were destroyed, probably in the first years of Ottoman rule (1571 AD), when the church was turned into a mosque. In 1589, the Ottomans sold it back to the Orthodox, probably because of its Christian cemetery. For the next two hundred years it was used for both Orthodox and Catholic services.
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It was built by lashing together ships with ropes and setting planks on them.In 479 the Athenians attacked the last remnants of Persians on the Greek side of the Hellespont at Sestos. After they defeated them at the end of a long siege in 478, the Athenians and islanders dismantled the boat bridges, bringing home some of the cables the Persians had used to lash the boats together.In the following years, more exhibits were put on display in the Athenian stoa at Delphi, as the Athenians gained more naval victories.
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Bouras received a diploma in Architectural Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens in Greece at 1952. In the following years he joined the Greek Archaeological Service as a member of the Directorate of Restoration of Ancient and Historic Monuments. In this role, he undertook the study and restoration of the fifth-century B.C.E. stoa at the Sanctuary of Artemis at Brauron (1961–1962). He then continued his studies at the Université de Paris (École Pratique des Hautes Études) under the supervision of André Grabar, receiving a doctorate at 1964.
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The father of Cynaegeirus and the father of Callimachus had an argument about that. Polemon of Laodicea declaimed first on behalf of Cynaegeirus and then on behalf of Callimachus. The incident of the heroic death of Cynaegeirus became an emblem of cultural memory in ancient Greece and was described in literature in order to inspire patriotic feelings to future generations. It was also painted by the ancient Greek painter Polygnotus on the Stoa Poikile in Athens in 460 BC, while the ancient traveler and geographer Pausanias described the painting in his 2nd century AD work.
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This work is designed to support parliamentary committees in the successive stages of the policy cycle - including the identification, quantification and justification of parliamentary initiatives, and on the implementation and effectiveness of EU law and policies in practice. It therefore contributes to the Parliament's influence on policy development, as well as to improving the overall quality of the law-making process. The Directorate is organised in six units: European Added Value, Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Impact Assessment Units, European Council Oversight, Scientific Foresight (STOA) and Global Trends Unit.Wolfs, Wouter (2016).
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On the first day of the celebration, initiates dressed in simple attire gathered with their teachers, as well as a large crowd, in the Agora in front of the Stoa Poikile for the proclamation by the hierophant of Demeter. The proclamation welcomed any initiate who was not morally corrupt, instructed initiates to not reveal the experiences of the rites, and told them that they must fast between sunup and sunrise during the celebration. The day then ended with a parade up to the sacred precinct of Demeter called the Eleusinion.
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The initiation of the first night was concluded by banqueting together and many dining rooms have been uncovered by archaeologists in association with the cult at Samothrace. The bowls used for the libation were also left behind, revealed by the thousands of discovered libation bowls at the cult sites. The participants occasionally left behind other materials, such as lamps. In addition to the purple fillet, they also left with a 'Samothracian ring' (magnetic iron ring coated in gold) and some initiates would set up a record of their initiation in the stoa of the sanctuary.
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Each year in late May or early June, the Stoa Board of Directors hosts the National Invitational Tournament of Champions, commonly referred to as NITOC. There are two methods in which competitors may earn an invitation to NITOC. The first method, entitled the “National Invitational Model,” involves being awarded at least two Green Check Marks on Speechranks in one or more events. In the second method, known as the “State Invitational Model,” the top speaker of each state in each individual event qualifies for an invitation, as well as the top two teams in Lincoln Douglas Debate and Team Policy Debate.
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Constructed in the period of the Public of Epirus (234 / 3-168 BC) the Stoa has a polygonal stone shelf and superstructure was brick with wooden frames. The north side is reinforced with 17 buttresses. Inside there was a colonnade with 13 Ionic columns. In front of the North Portico revealed 21 stone pedestals with inscriptions of 3rd-2nd century BC The position of the market and the public space of Kassope had direct contact with the main road and the gate of the wall, position favouring an easy access of rural residents in the area of the Commonwealth of Epirus operation.
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A surviving ancient coin now stored in the Archaeological Museum of Chalkis bears on one side a representation of Glaucus. The Anthedonians appear to have been a different race from the other people of Boeotia, and are described by one writerLycophron, Alexandra, 754 as Thracians (this is a misinterpretation; in this case Anthedon is a Thracian man and not Anthedon the city in Boeotia). Dicaearchus informs that they were chiefly mariners, shipwrights and fishermen, who derived their subsistence from trading in fish, purple (dye, from seashells), and sponges. He adds that the agora was surrounded with a double stoa, and planted with trees.
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Stefan Karwiese of the Austrian Archaeological Institute at Athens reports that ceramics found near the library and temple can be dated to the second half of the third century. A study of geological processes in Roman cities concludes that 11 major buildings at Ephesus required rebuilding after the 262 earthquake: the terrace houses, Temple of Serapis (Serapeion), Stoa of Damianus, Harbor Baths (also known as the Great Baths or Baths of Constantius), Baths of Varius and Scholastica Baths, Magnesian Gate, Medusa Gate, Lower Agora (also known as the Tetragonos Agora), Library of Celsus, theatre and stadium.
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Reconstruction of the Pandroseion as it would have looked around 421 BC The Pandroseion (pronounced: panδrosion, Greek: Πανδρόσειον) was a sanctuary dedicated to Pandrosus, one of the daughters of Cecrops I, the first king of Attica Greece, located on the Acropolis of Athens. It occupied the space adjacent to the Erechtheum and the old Temple of Athena Polias. The sanctuary was a walled trapezoidal courtyard containing the altar of Zeus Herkeios (protector of the hearth, of the courtyard) under the sacred Olive Tree planted by Athena. At the west was an entrance stoa from the propylea.
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Ancient Greek casserole and brazier, 6th/4th century BC, exhibited in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens, housed in the Stoa of Attalus. Two cooking pots (Grapen) from medieval Hamburg circa 1200-1400 AD Replica of a Viking cooking-pot hanging over a fire Kitchen in the Uphagen's House in Long Market, Gdańsk, Poland The history of cooking vessels before the development of pottery is minimal due to the limited archaeological evidence. The earliest pottery vessels, dating from , were discovered in Xianrendong Cave, Jiangxi, China. The pottery may have been used as cookware, manufactured by hunter-gatherers.
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The Directorate-General for Internal Policies (DG IPOL) deals with assisting the work of Parliament's committees and their chairmen as well as coordinating relations and cooperation with the other institutions and national parliaments.Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union June 2009 The DG also supplies expert information and research to the members and committees. This is the task of the Policy Departments who produce studies, upon request, on topics for the members. One specific policy department is STOA the Science and Technology Options Assessment unit which advises committees and members on such topicsEuropean Parliamentary Technology Assessment.Eptanetwork.
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Potulny signed with the KHL's Avangard Omsk, Pope joined the Aalborg Pirates in Denmark, and Sjögren departed for the Linköpings Hockey Club in the Swedish Hockey League. Byers, Rechlicz, Stoa, Syner and Wellar were all re-signed for the 2013–14 season, and Deschamps and LeBlanc received qualifying offers from the Washington Capitals. It was announced June 14 that Taffe re-signed with the Bears. The Swedish Hockey League had announced one month earlier that Taffe had signed a contract with them, but Taffe said that announcement had been premature, and he wanted to keep his family in North America.
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Duo Interpretation, or often simply called Duo Interp, or just Duo, is an official speech event of Stoa USA, the National Speech and Debate Association, the National Catholic Forensics League, National Christian Forensics and Communications Association, American Forensics Association, and the National Forensics Association. The event involves a pair of performers acting out a literary piece or program under certain restraints, including not making eye contact with and touching your partner, and no props. Pieces used often include published books, movies, short stories, plays, or poems. Participants may cut anything out of their piece, but cannot add any dialogue.
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It survived until the 14th century, when the Byzantine scholar Manuel Chrysoloras described it as being built of "wide marble blocks with a lofty opening", and crowned by a kind of stoa. In late Byzantine times, a painting of the Crucifixion was allegedly placed on the gate, leading to its later Ottoman name, İsakapı ("Gate of Jesus"). It was destroyed by an earthquake in 1509, but its approximate location is known through the presence of the nearby İsakapı Mescidi mosque. The identity and location of the Gate of At[t]alos (, Porta At[t]alou) are unclear.
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The gymnasium had two principal entrances, one leading by the street called Siope or Silence to the baths, and the other above the cenotaph of Achilles to the agora and the Hellanodicaeum. The agora was also called the hippodrome, because it was used for the exercise of horses. It was built in the ancient style, and, instead of being surrounded by an uninterrupted, series of stoae or colonnades, its stoae were separated, from one another by streets. The southern stoa, which consisted of a triple row of Doric columns, was the usual resort of the Hellanodicae during the day.
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It carried traffic up from ancient Jerusalem's Lower Market area and over the Tyropoeon street to the Royal Stoa complex on the esplanade of the Mount. The overpass was destroyed during the First Jewish–Roman War, only a few decades after its completion. The arch is named after Biblical scholar Edward Robinson who identified its remnants in 1838. Robinson published his findings in his landmark work Biblical Researches in Palestine, in which he drew the connection with a bridge described in Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews and The Jewish War, concluding that its existence proves the antiquity of the Walls of Jerusalem.
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Opposite this temple was one sacred to Clymenus and to the right was the stoa of Echo, which repeated the voice three times. In the same neighbourhood there were three sacred places surrounded with stone fences; one named the sanctuary of Clymenus, the second that of Hades, and the third that of the Acherusian lake. In the sanctuary of Clymenus there was an opening in the earth which the Hermionians believed to be the shortest road to Hades, and consequently they put no money in the mouths of their dead to pay the ferryman of the lower world. et seq.
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The columns of the temple are unfluted and retained bossage, but it is not clear whether this was a result of carelessness or incompleteness. A two-story stoa surrounding the temple on three sides was added under Eumenes II, along with the propylon in the southeast corner, which is now found, largely reconstructed, in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. The balustrade of the upper level of the north and east stoas was decorated with reliefs depicting weapons which commemorated Eumenes II's military victory. The construction mixed Ionic columns and Doric triglyphs (of which five triglyphs and metopes survive).
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Trajaneum in Pergamon On the highest point of the citadel is the Temple for Trajan and Zeus Philios. The temple sits on a podium on top of a vaulted terrace. The temple itself was a Corinthian peripteros temple, about 18 metres wide with 6 columns on the short sides and 9 columns on the long sides, and two rows of columns in antis. To the north, the area was closed off by a high stoa, while on the west and east sides it was surrounded by simple ashlar walls, until further stoas were inserted in Hadrian's reign.
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The remains of the ancient agora of Smyrna constitute today the space of İzmir Agora Museum in İzmir's Namazgah quarter, although its area is commonly referred to as "Agora" by the city's inhabitants. Situated on the northern slopes of the Pagos hills, it was the commercial, judicial and political nucleus of the ancient city, its center for artistic activities and for teaching. İzmir Agora Open Air Museum consists of five parts, including the agora area, the base of the northern basilica gate, the stoa and the ancient shopping centre. The agora of Smyrna was built during the Hellenistic era.
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Further to the east, the ruins of another smaller temple lie on a rock-hewn terrace. The temple rose on a high podium, but to what god it was dedicated is not known at present. However, contrary to general rules of classical temple architecture, the entrance to this temple lies to the right, indicating that it may have belonged to a demi-god or hero. It can be dated to the beginning of the 3rd century AD. As for the other two temples, they are located near the stoa of Attalos belong to the Corinthian order, and are of the prostylos type.
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Kronios baths or north baths Since the 1870s, the excavation and preservation of Ancient Olympia has been the responsibility of the German Archaeological Institute at Athens. The first major excavation of Olympia began in 1875, funded by the German government after negotiation of exclusive access by Ernst Curtius. Other archaeologists responsible for the dig were Gustav Hirschfeld, George Treu, Adolf Furtwängler (who worked alongside architects), A. Boetticher, Wilhelm Dörpfeld, and Richard Borrmann. They excavated the central part of the sanctuary including the Temple of Zeus, Temple of Hera, Metroon, Bouleuterion, Philipeion, Echo Stoa, Treasuries and Palaestra.
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The Pentium III was the first x86 CPU to include a unique, retrievable, identification number, called PSN (Processor Serial Number). A Pentium III's PSN can be read by software through the CPUID instruction if this feature has not been disabled through the BIOS. On November 29, 1999, the Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Panel of the European Parliament, following their report on electronic surveillance techniques asked parliamentary committee members to consider legal measures that would "prevent these chips from being installed in the computers of European citizens."Advisory group asks EU to consider Pentium III ban, CNN, November 29, 1999.
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Attic red-figure kylix, 5th BC, Stoa of Attalos Women in Classical Athens had no legal personhood and were assumed to be part of the oikos (household) headed by the male kyrios (master). In Athenian society, the legal term of a wife was known as a damar, a word that is derived from the root meaning of "to subdue" or "to tame". Until marriage, women were under the guardianship of their fathers or other male relatives; once married, the husband became a woman's kyrios. While the average age to get married for men was around 30, the average age for women was 14.
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At the southwestern corner of the Temple Mount stood the street's most important junction. From there it was possible to turn east towards the Huldah Gates, north (up the street), or to ascend Robinson's Arch to the Royal Stoa. Several remains of the street can still be seen in several places: at the Pool of Siloam, in the Western Wall Tunnels, and at the Jerusalem Archaeological Park at the foot of the Temple Mount. The latter features sections of the street buried by the collapse of Robinson Arch's at the time of the Roman sacking of Jerusalem.
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The second Medusa head pillar This subterranean cistern, in Greek kinsterne (κινστέρνη), was called Basilica because it was located under a large public square on the First Hill of Constantinople, the Stoa Basilica. At this location, and prior to constructing the cistern, a great Basilica stood in its place, built between the 3rd and 4th centuries during the Early Roman Age as a commercial, legal and artistic centre. The basilica was reconstructed by Illus after a fire in 476. Ancient texts indicated that the basilica contained gardens, surrounded by a colonnade and facing the Hagia Sophia.
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These buildings are situated on an East/West orientation, and are located in the Northern part of the sanctuary complex. The two buildings, built sometime between the late first and early second century AD, keep to the traditional open court plan for the Paphian cult. It is thought that these were built after the earthquake in 76/77 AD that may have caused some destruction to the sanctuary complex. Reconstructions of the Roman sanctuary show the buildings to surround a rectangular open court, possibly left open on the West side, and enclosed by a South Stoa, an East wing, and a North Hall.
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The old stock exchange (Banque de Salonique) in Stoa Malakopi A building of the Bank of Greece Thessaloniki rose to economic prominence as a major economic hub in the Balkans during the years of the Roman Empire. The Pax Romana and the city's strategic position allowed for the facilitation of trade between Rome and Byzantium (later Constantinople and now Istanbul) through Thessaloniki by means of the Via Egnatia. The Via Egnatia also functioned as an important line of communication between the Roman Empire and the nations of Asia, particularly in relation to the Silk Road. With the partition of the Roman Emp.
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He was the son and pupil of Aglaophon. He was a native of Thasos, but was adopted by the Athenians, and admitted to their citizenship. Reconstruction of Nekyia by Polygnotus 1892 Reconstruction of Iliupersis by Polygnotus 1893 Reconstruction of Marathon by Polygnotus 1895 During the time of Cimon, Polygnotus painted for the Athenians a picture of the taking of Troy on the walls of the Stoa Poikile, and another of the marriage of the daughters of Leucippus in the Anacaeum. Plutarch mentions that historians and the poet Melanthius attest that Polygnotus did not paint for the money but rather out of a charitable feeling towards the Athenian people.
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Moreover, the choice to situate this nocturnal episode on the north facade was to play on the light of day that touched these metopes that rarely depending on the seasons. There would then be symbolic obscurity. The fall of Troy was the theme of two frescoes by Polygnotos which could have served as an inspiration to the sculptors of metopes: one was in Stoa Poikile and the other was in the Lesche of the Knidians at Delphi. In the latter, the number of characters mentioned by Pausanias,10.25-27 sixty-four, corresponds to what could be found on thirty- two metopes with two figures by metope.
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The mosque is located on the Temple Mount, referred to by Muslims today as the "Haram al-Sharif" ("Noble Sanctuary"), an enclosure expanded by King Herod the Great beginning in 20 BCE. In Islamic tradition, the original sanctuary is believed to date to the time of Abraham. The mosque resides on an artificial platform that is supported by arches constructed by Herod's engineers to overcome the difficult topographic conditions resulting from the southward expansion of the enclosure into the Tyropoeon and Kidron valleys. At the time of the Second Temple, the present site of the mosque was occupied by the Royal Stoa, a basilica running the southern wall of the enclosure.
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He worked from 1991 to the time of his death at the Department of Modern and Classical Languages, Literature, and Cultures of the University of Kentucky. His primary research and teaching interests were ancient art and material culture, women and gender in Antiquity, as well as Aristophanes and the Greek historians. Scaife was best known for his pioneering work in the use of computer technology in humanities scholarship. He was the founding editor of the Stoa Consortium for Electronic Publication in the Humanities in 1997, which serves as an umbrella project for many projects in the Classics, such as EpiDoc, the Suda on Line, Diotima and the Neo-Latin Colloquia.
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Plutarch, Aristides, VHerodotus VI, 111 Miltiades also had his men march to the end of the Persian archer range, called the "beaten zone", then break out in a run straight at the Persian army. Miltiades fighting the Persians at the Battle of Marathon, in the Stoa Poikile (reconstitution) These tactics were successful in defeating the Persians, who then tried to sail around the Cape Sounion and attack Attica from the west.Creasy (1880) pg. 26 Miltiades got his men to quickly march to the western side of Attica overnight and block the two exits from the plain of Marathon, to prevent the Persians moving inland.
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Other "Revolt" coinage was in base metal, and these may have been struck elsewhere in Jerusalem. Above the basilica, either on a parapet or tower, was a place from which a trumpet or ram's horn would be blown to signal the start of the Sabbath and holy days. On the pavement below the southwest corner of the Royal Stoa complex, a piece of stone coping was excavated which bears a dedicatory inscription which reads "to the Place of Trumpeting". This location overlooked most of Jerusalem's neighborhoods, and the recovery of the inscription confirms that the southwest corner is the site where the trumpeting took place.
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Aerial view of the memorial with honor guards, West Berlin, 1983 The memorial was built from stonework taken from the destroyed Reich Chancellery. Built in a style similar to other Soviet World War II monuments that were once found all over the former Eastern bloc, the memorial takes the form of a curved stoa topped by a large statue of a Soviet soldier. It is set in landscaped gardens and flanked by two Red Army ML-20 152mm gun-howitzer artillery pieces and two T-34 tanks. Behind the memorial is an outdoor museum showing photographs of the memorial's construction and giving a guide to other memorials in the Berlin area.
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Cristianini is a recipient of the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award and a current holder of a European Research Council Advanced Grant. In June 2014, Nello Cristianini was included in a list of the "most influential scientists of the decade" compiled by Thomson Reuters (listing the top one per cent of scientists who are “the world’s leading scientific minds” and whose publications are among the most influential in their fields). In December 2016 he was included in the list of Top100 most influential researchers in Machine Learning by AMiner - . In 2017 Nello Cristianini was the keynote speaker at the Annual STOA Lecture at the European Parliament.
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The Affirmative has to convince the judge to vote for a change, while the Negative has to convince the judge that the status quo is better than the hypothetical world in which the Affirmative's plan is implemented. High school policy debate is sponsored by various organizations including the National Speech and Debate Association, National Association of Urban Debate Leagues, Catholic Forensic League, Stoa USA, and the National Christian Forensics and Communications Association, as well as many other regional speech organizations. Collegiate policy debates are generally competed under the guidelines of National Debate Tournament (NDT) and the Cross Examination Debate Association (CEDA), which have been joined at the collegiate level.
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Agrippa also dedicated his Pantheon, the original structure where the current Trajanic reconstruction sits, in the same year. In fact, Cassius Dio claims that three structures were completed by Agrippa in this year, the third being the Stoa of Neptune, suggesting that all three were related. The Baths of Agrippa are the first known to have contained monumental sculpture, including the famous Apoxyomenos of Lysippus, the famed court sculptor of Alexander the Great. In fact, Pliny the Elder mentions the baths several times, noting that they were "a point of departure in artistic endeavor, implying that the building was perceived as groundbreaking in certain respects".
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Machita and his band could have easily crossed the border into Sonora, Mexico, but all accounts suggest that they were within Arizona the entire time. O'odham oral tradition says that aircraft from the United States Army bombed their villages; however, the "bombs" were sacks of flour dropped to mark the villages, which blended in so well with the surrounding desert. Machita and his band were finally apprehended without incident at Stoa Pitk on May 21, 1941. Machita was sentenced to serve eighteen months at the Terminal Island Federal Prison, but a tribal chairman named Peter Blaine managed to persuade Machita's judge to let him go early.
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Mazar (1975) identifies the hanuyot with the Royal Stoa, a basilica erected by Herod the Great at the southern end of his expansion of the Temple Mount. When the Roman government limited the powers of the Sanhedrin, ca. 30 CE, the Sanhedrin moved from their chambers inside the azarah (Chamber of Hewn Stone) to the hanuyot (Talmud Rosh ha-Shanah 31a). The hanuyot were destroyed along with the Temple by the Romans in 70 CE. Unlike the Temple, which was completely destroyed, a significant portion of the hanuyot may have survived the destruction as the current Al-Aqsa Mosque includes rows of ancient Corinthian columns that clearly predate the Islamic architecture.
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In the time of the trial of Socrates, the year 399 BC, the city-state of Athens recently had endured the trials and tribulations of Spartan hegemony and the thirteen-month régime of the Thirty Tyrants, which had been imposed consequent to the Athenian defeat in the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC). At the request of Lysander, a Spartan admiral, the Thirty men, led by Critias and Theramenes, were to administer Athens and revise the city’s democratic laws, which were inscribed on a wall of the Stoa Basileios. Their actions were to facilitate the transition of the Athenian government from a democracy to an oligarchy in service to Sparta.Xenophon, Hellenica, 2.3.
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In view of the growing importance of European science and technology policy the European Parliament decided to support STOA's activities by establishing permanent co-operation with a group of institutions with relevant expertise in the field of technology assessment. Starting from May 2009 the European Technology Assessment Group (ETAG) for a second period of three years supports STOA by carrying out TA studies. The focus of ETAG’s activities on behalf of the European Parliament will be on studies in the fields of transport, ICT and Information society, nanoscale science and technology, life sciences and human well being as well as agriculture, food and biotechnology.
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The Stoa of the Athenians is built against the polygonal wall supporting the terrace of the temple of Apollo. The monument has been identified through the inscription of the stylobate: ΑΤΗΕΝΑΙΟΙ ΑΝΕΘΕΣΑΝ ΤΗΝ ΣΤΟΑΝ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΟΠΛ[Α Κ]ΑΙ ΤΑΚΡΟΤΕΡΙΑ ΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ ΤΩΝ ΠΟΛΕΜΙΩΝ [The Athenians dedicated the portico and the armaments and the figure heads of the ships that they seized from their enemies]. The "armaments" mentioned in the inscription refer probably to ropes taken from Persian ships, quite possibility the ropes they used to build their extensive pontoon bridge across the Hellespont.Umholz, G., “Architraval Arrogance? Dedicatory Inscriptions in Greek Architecture of the Classical Period”, Hesperia 71, 2002, 261-293.
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In High School competition, the National Forensic League (NFL), Stoa USA, the National Christian Forensics and Communication Association (NCFCA) and the National Catholic Forensic League (CFL) host most Extemp tournaments in High School. Both leagues have a national tournament at the end of every year, with the NFL tournament drawing a larger number of competitors. There is also the Extemporaneous Speaking Tournament of Champions, held each May at Northwestern University, along with the Tournament of Champions at the University of Kentucky, which has held a round robin since 2012. In addition, there are highly prestigious "circuit" tournaments, as in Policy debate, Public Forum, and Lincoln-Douglas.
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Pliny does not say anything about Aristo's merits as an author, and though his works are occasionally mentioned in the compendium of juristic writings known as the Digest, there is no direct extract from any of them in that compilation. In philosophy, this model of a virtuous lawyer is described by Pliny as a genuine disciple of the Stoa Poikile. He has been usually supposed to belong to the legal sect of Proculeian school, which clashed with the rival sect of the Sabinian school, though there is at least one situation described in which his legal opinions sided with the Sabinian Javolenus instead of the Proculeian Pegasus.Digest 28. tit. 5. s.
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Center for Hellenic Studies Director's Residence (2008) Center for Hellenic Studies, Stoa Apartments (2008) The Center for Hellenic Studies (CHS) is a research institute for classics located in Washington, D.C. at 3100 NW Whitehaven Street. It is affiliated with Harvard University. Nestled in Rock Creek Park behind Embassy Row, the Center for Hellenic Studies offers a variety of both residential and remote fellowships each year to scholars and researchers working on projects in a variety of fields, including "archaeology, art history, epigraphy, history, literary criticism, philology, philosophy, pedagogical applications, reception, and interdisciplinary studies". The Center provides housing for "residential" fellows and their families, and accommodates remote fellows and visiting scholars during shorter stays.
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While the site of the city remains largely unexcavated, the sanctuary of Despoina has been uncovered thoroughly and consists of a temple, a stoa, an area of theater-like seats, three altars, and an enigmatic structure conventionally called the Megaron. Pausanias also describes a temple of Artemis Hegemone (Artemis the Leader) at the entrance to the sanctuary on its eastern side;Pausanias 8.37.1 to date, this structure and a number of others mentioned by the author have not been identified archaeologically. Traces of the temenos wall (boundary of the sacred area) have been detected on the north and the east sides of the sanctuary; thus, the southern and western limits of the sacred area are unknown.
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His Discourses upon Cornelius Tacitus, translated by Sir Richard Baker and first published in 1642, were dedicated by the publisher Richard Whitaker to William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele. Henry Carey, 2nd Earl of Monmouth translated both Romulo and Il Tarquinio Superbo and had them published together in one volume in 1637, whereas the two Italian source texts had come out separately in 1629 and 1632. The 1648 edition of Monmouth's translation of Romulus was prefaced by verses from Robert Stapylton, Thomas Carew, John Suckling, and William Davenant. Two of Malvezzi's letters were translated and published in 1651 as Stoa triumphans by Thomas Powell, a close friend of the poet Henry Vaughan.
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Reimertz rejected political correctness and gender ideology and in 1996 left the United States for good. He however dedicated a compassionate monograph to Woody Allen and the American cinema, which represents a kind of summary of Reimertz's American years and is seen as a general reference work. His philosophical teachers where Wolfgang Stegmüller, Robert Spaemann, Werner Beierwaltes, Eugen Biser and Rudolf Schottlaender, whom he visited in East-Berlin regularly to discuss traditions like Epicurianism and the Stoa, the chances of human liberty in the face of the massive ideological pressure in the eastern and the western world. With his tutor in the classics, Uvo Hölscher, Reimertz shared a lifelong passion for the work of Friedrich Hölderlin.
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Whether or not you would call it jazz, its kaleidoscopic nature and simple complexity is riveting. Fabulous." On the same site John Kelman noted "Stoa is an important album that stands to expand the way we look at the junctures between repetitive motifs, insistent rhythms and form-based improvisation." Global Rhythm magazine's podcast producer, host, and contributing writer wrote, "Global grooves, mercurial melodies, plucky polyrhythms and hypnotic happenings abound on this impressive release by Swiss jazz and neo-classical pianist/composer Nik Bärtsch. 'Zen Funk' is how Bärtsch describes his oftentimes Eastern-influenced music, and indeed, the various tracks, simply entitled 'Modul 36' or 'Modul 33,' are metaphysical musical koans of sorts.
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In 347 BCE a battle was fought near Hyampolis between the Boeotians and Phocians. In the year 346 BCE the city was attacked once more, this time by Philip II of Macedon, who destroyed the city; Pausanias states that the ruins of the ancient agora, a small council chamber building, and theatre were still remaining in his time (2nd century), having survived destruction by Philip; it must have been chiefly the fortifications which were destroyed by Philip. After reconstruction, the city was once again captured in 198 BCE by Titus Quinctius Flamininus and fell under Roman rule. Hadrian had a stoa constructed in the city; the Emperor Septimius Severus is mentioned in a local inscription.
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Theatre of Pergamon, one of the steepest theatres in the world, has a capacity of 10,000 people and was constructed in the 3rd century BC. The well-preserved dates from the Hellenistic period and had space for around 10,000 people, in 78 rows of seats. At a height of 36 metres, it is the steepest of all ancient theatres. The seating area (koilon) is divided horizontally by two walkways, called diazomata, and vertically by stairways into seven sections in the lowest part of the theatre and six in the middle and upper sections. Below the theatre is a and up to terrace, which rested on a high retaining wall and was framed on the long side by a stoa.
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The Heraion of Perachora () is a sanctuary of the goddess Hera situated in a small cove of the Corinthian gulf at the end of the Perachora peninsula. In addition to a temple of Hera of unusual construction and antiquity, the remains of a number of other structures have also been found, including an L-shaped stoa, a large cistern, dining rooms, and a second potential temple. The Sanctuary of Hera at Perachora is north-northwest of Corinth and west of Athens. Although there is debate between Argos, Megara and Corinth, the sanctuary was probably under the control of Corinth, as it faced the harbors of that powerful city across the Corinthian gulf.
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Many notable Classicists and Digital Humanists are on the advisory board of the Digital Classicist, including Richard Beacham (of the King's Visualisation Lab), Alan Bowman (Professor of Ancient History at University of Oxford), Gregory Crane (of the Perseus Project), Bernard Frischer (of the Virtual World Heritage Laboratory), Michael Fulford (Professor of Archaeology and Pro-Vice-Chancellor at University of Reading), Willard McCarty (winner of the Lyman Award and Professor of Humanities Computing at Department of Digital Humanities), James O'Donnell (Provost of Georgetown University), Silvio Panciera (of University of Rome La Sapienza) and Boris Rankov (Professor of Ancient History at Royal Holloway, University of London). A former member was the late Ross Scaife (Stoa Consortium and University of Kentucky).
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On the western side is an ancient gate, of which "the roof is formed of two stones rudely shaped, and resting against each other at an angle so obtuse that the rise is only , above a breadth of ". The theatre stood at the western foot of Mount Cynthus, facing Rheneia, and not far from the stoa of Philip. Its extremities were supported by walls of white marble of the finest masonry, but of a singular form, having had two projections adjacent to the orchestra, by which means the lower seats were in this part prolonged beyond the semicircle, and thus afforded additional accommodation to spectators in the situation most desirable. The diameter, including only the projections, is .
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The marble seats have all been carried away, but many of the stones which formed their substruction remain. Immediately below the theatre, on the shore, are the ruins of a stoa, the columns of which were of granite. In a small valley which leads to the summit of Mount Cynthus, leaving the theatre on the left, many ruins of ancient houses are observable; and above them, in a level at the foot of the peak, there is a wall of white marble, which appears to have been the cell of a temple. Here lies an altar, which is inscribed with a dedication to Isis by one of her priests, Ctesippus, son of Ctesippus of Chius.
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The transcriptions of the book were digitally encoded using the Text Encoding Initiative guidelines, and metadata for the images and transcriptions included identification and cataloging information based on Dublin Core Metadata Elements. The metadata and data were managed by Doug Emery of Emery IT. On October 29, 2008, (the tenth anniversary of the purchase of the palimpsest at auction) all data, including images and transcriptions, were hosted on the Digital Palimpsest Web Page for free use under a Creative Commons License,The Digital Archimedes Palimpsest Released, Dot Porter, The Stoa Consortium, October 29, 2008. Retrieved 2013-12-29. and processed images of the palimpsest in original page order were posted as a Google Book.
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The fortified site described below, originally identified as Abae by Colonel William Leake in the 19th century, is much more likely to be that of the Sanctuary of Artemis at Hyampolis. The polygonal walls of the acropolis may still be seen in a fair state of preservation on a circular hill standing about above the little plain of Exarcho; one gateway remains, and there are also traces of town walls below. The temple site was on a low spur of the hill, below the town. An early terrace wall supports a precinct in which are a stoa and some remains of temples; these were excavated by the British School at Athens in 1894, but little was found.
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The Decree of Aristoteles was a decree passed by the Athenian Assembly in February or March 377 BC. The decree is preserved as the inscription on a stele; it is the most important epigraphical source for the Second Athenian Confederacy. The stele was originally erected near the statue of Zues Eleutherios and in front of the Stoa of Zeus in Athens. The decree, often known as the "Charter of the Second Athenian Confederacy," formalized earlier Athenian diplomacy inviting states to join Athens and her allies in a permanent alliance. The stele lists around sixty states as being members of the Second Athenian Confederacy, although it is possible that additional states may have also been members.
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Brauron was one of the twelve ancient settlements of Attica prior to the synoikismos of Theseus, who unified them with Athens. The cult of Artemis Brauronia connected the coastal (rural) sanctuary at Brauron with another (urban) sanctuary on the acropolis in Athens, the Brauroneion, from which there was a procession every four years during the Arkteia festival. The tyrant Pisistratus was Brauronian by birth, and he is credited with transferring the cult to the Acropolis, thus establishing it on the statewide rather than local level. The sanctuary contained a small temple of Artemis, a unique stone bridge, cave shrines, a sacred spring, and a pi-shaped (Π) stoa that included dining rooms for ritual feasting.
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The Ionic Stoa on the Sacred Way in Miletus Diogenes LaërtiusDiogenes Laërtius 1.22 tells us that the Seven Sages were created in the archonship of Damasius at Athens about 582 BCE and that Thales was the first sage. The same story, however, asserts that Thales emigrated to Miletus. There is also a report that he did not become a student of nature until after his political career. Much as we would like to have a date on the seven sages, we must reject these stories and the tempting date if we are to believe that Thales was a native of Miletus, predicted the eclipse, and was with Croesus in the campaign against Cyrus.
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Church of the Holy Apostles next to the Stoa of Attalos In the early 4th century AD, the eastern Roman empire was began to be governed from Constantinople, and with the construction and expansion of the imperial city, many of Athens's works of art were taken by the emperors to adorn it. The Empire became Christianized, and the use of Latin declined in favour of exclusive use of Greek; in the Roman imperial period, both languages were been used. In the later Roman period, Athens was ruled by the emperors continuing until the 13th century, its citizens identifying themselves as citizens of the Roman Empire ("Rhomaioi"). The conversion of the empire from paganism to Christianity greatly affected Athens, resulting in reduced reverence for the city.
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Celebrations at Fort Saint Angelo commemorating Malta's entry into the EU Malta held a non-binding referendum on 8 March 2003; the narrow Yes-vote prompted a snap election on 12 April 2003 fought on the same question and after which the pro-EU Nationalist Party retained its majority and declared a mandate for accession. The Treaty of Accession 2003 was signed on 16 April 2003, at the Stoa of Attalus in Athens, Greece, between the then-EU members and the ten acceding countries. The text also amended the main EU treaties, including the Qualified Majority Voting of the Council of the European Union. The treaty was ratified on time and entered into force on 1 May 2004 amid ceremonies around Europe.
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Detail of the Veil of Despoina The structure termed, the Megaron (Great Hall), after Pausanias is poorly preserved, but secure in its essential plan, measuring 9.5m in width by 12m in depth. In the view of William Dinsmoor, this structure can be reconstructed as a monumental altar with stairways flanking both sides and having a small stoa at its top - comparable to the Great Altar of Zeus at Pergamon. Of great interest are the more than one hundred and forty terra cotta figurines having the heads of sheep or cows that were found in the area of the Megaron. The great majority of these are women and closely resemble the decorative figures carved into the veil of the colossal head of Despoina.
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Later, with the erection of the temple and of the high enclosure wall (temenos) it was transformed into a sanctuary. This sanctuary consisted of a rectangular enclosure (60 x 50 metres), which was entered on the east side through a rectangular propylaea in antis (built in the fifth century BC) fronted by a short staircase and a circular structure. Outside of the enclosure, the propylaea is flanked by the remains of a long portico (stoa) with seats for the pilgrims, who left evidence of themselves in the form of various altars and votives. Inside the enclosure, there was the large altar (16.3 metres long x 3.15 metres wide) in the centre, on top of a pile of ashes from the bones and other parts of the sacrifices.
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The Athena with cross-strapped aegis is an ancient statue of the Greek goddess Athena, which was made around AD 150 and is now displayed in the Antikensammlung Berlin (Inventory number AvP VII 22). Athena with cross-banded aegis The statue was found in 1880 during Carl Humann's excavations of Pergamon in the space to the west of the north stoa of the sanctuary of Athena, near the Lady of Pergamon. This area may have been the art collection (museion) of the Attalid kings. When the statue was found, there were still traces of paint on it: the aegis had parts in light and dark blue, the snakes were red, and there were other bits of colour on the hem.
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National Hockey League lockout, Washington Capitals coach Adam Oates (pictured) briefly served as Bears co- coach along with Mark French. After several years of roster stability, the Hershey Bears lost several players during the off-season, including Keith Aucoin, Chris Bourque, Andrew Carroll, Sean Collins, Cody Eakin, Kyle Greentree, Christian Hanson, D. J. King, Jacob Micflikier, Graham Mink, Zach Miskovic and Joel Rechlicz. The team obtained several new players through free agency, including Alex Berry, Matt Beaudoin, Matt Clackson, Jon DiSalvatore, Jon Kalinski, Steven Oleksy, Garrett Stafford, Ryan Stoa and Jeff Taffe. Rookies Stan Galiev and Cameron Schilling joined the team, Mattias Sjögren returned from the Swedish Elite League, and Hershey also obtained Zach Hamill in a trade that sent Bourque to the Boston Bruins organization.
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This seems to indicate that Herod did not finish building the entire wall by the time of his death in 4 BCE. The find confirms the description by historian Josephus Flavius, which states that construction was finished only during the reign of King Agrippa II, Herod's great-grandson. Given Josephus' information, the surprise mainly regarded the fact that an unfinished retaining wall in this area could also mean that at least parts of the splendid Royal Stoa and the monumental staircase leading up to it could not have been completed during Herod's lifetime. Also surprising was the fact that the usually very thorough Herodian builders had cut corners by filling in the ritual bath, rather than placing the foundation course directly onto the much firmer bedrock.
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Aelius Aristides wrote a letter to Marcus Aurelius and his son Commodus, inviting them to become the new founders of the city. The bust of the emperor's wife Faustina on the second arch of the western stoa confirms this fact. Polycrates reports a succession of bishops including Polycarp of Smyrna, as well as others in nearby cities such as Melito of Sardis. Related to that time the German historian W. Bauer wrote: > Asian Jewish Christianity received in turn the knowledge that henceforth the > "church" would be open without hesitation to the Jewish influence mediated > by Christians, coming not only from the apocalyptic traditions, but also > from the synagogue with its practices concerning worship, which led to the > appropriation of the Jewish passover observance.
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The archaic cult statue, set on the podium that was constructed to enclose the chthonic altar dedicated to Hyakinthos, was surrounded by a virtual encyclopedia of Greek mythology, to judge from Pausanias' enumeration of the subjects of the reliefs. The podium contained the altar to Hyakinthos "At the Hyakinthia, before the sacrifice to Apollo, they pass through a bronze door to dedicate the offerings of a divine hero to Hyakinthos in this altar; the door is on the left of the altar" (Pausanias). and was faced with bas-reliefs and there were more bas-reliefs on the stoa-like building that surrounded on three sides the colossal column-shaped statue of the god. The analemma and peribolos of the sanctuary have been excavated.
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Xenophon notes that at his time, 90 years after the battle, goats were still offered yearly.Plutarch, On the Malice of Herodotus, 26Xenophon, Anabasis III, 2Aelian, Varia Historia II, 25Aristophanes, The Knights, 660 Plutarch mentions that the Athenians saw the phantom of King Theseus, the mythical hero of Athens, leading the army in full battle gear in the charge against the Persians,Plutarch, Theseus, 35 and indeed he was depicted in the mural of the Stoa Poikile fighting for the Athenians, along with the twelve Olympian gods and other heroes.Pausanias I, 15 Pausanias also tells us that: > They say too that there chanced to be present in the battle a man of rustic > appearance and dress. Having slaughtered many of the foreigners with a > plough he was seen no more after the engagement.
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Mask dating from the 4th/3rd century BC, Stoa of Attalos Illustrations of theatrical masks from 5th century display helmet-like masks, covering the entire face and head, with holes for the eyes and a small aperture for the mouth, as well as an integrated wig. These paintings never show actual masks on the actors in performance; they are most often shown being handled by the actors before or after a performance, that liminal space between the audience and the stage, between myth and reality. Due to the visual restrictions imposed by these masks, it was imperative that the actors hear in order to orient and balance themselves. Thus, it is believed that the ears were covered by substantial amounts of hair and not the helmet-mask itself.
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The original Agora was encroached upon and obstructed by a series of Roman buildings, beginning with the imperial family's gift to the Athenians of a large odeion (concert hall).Camp, 2001: 188 The Odeon of Agrippa was built by him in around 15 BC, and measured 51.4 by 43.2 metres, rose several stories in height, and – being sited just north of the Middle Stoa – obstructed the old agora.Camp, 2001: 189 In return for the odeion, the Athenians built a statue to Agrippa at the site of the previous agora; they based it on a plinth recycled from an earlier statue by covering the old inscription with a new one.The new inscription read, The people set up Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, three times consul, as their own benefactor.
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Funded by contributions from American donors (including a US$1 million financial contribution from John D. Rockefeller Jr.) the reconstruction of the Stoa was carried out by the ASCSA under the general supervision of the Department for Restoration of Ancient and Historic Monuments of the Ministry of Education, directed by Anastasios Orlandos. The plans were drawn by John Travlos, architect of the Agora excavations, while the reconstruction was supervised by the New York architecture firm of W. Stuart Thompson & Phelps Barnum. Greek civil engineer George Biris served as consulting engineer. The building was reconstructed on the original foundations but in order to facilitate it’s new role as a museum some changes were made to the basement storage area, window sizes and door positions while some internal walls were eliminated.
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Like the Mausoleum of Constantine connected with the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople, the Mausoleum of Honorius was a "symbol of the elevated status of the emperors", since the imperial mausolea of the emperors were symbolic of the deification of Roman emperors, the . Imperial mausolea during late antiquity were probably used in the manner of a heroön, for commemorative meals in honour of the deceased, as the centre of a family cult including sacrifices to the dead, and during Parentalia, the Roman festival of the dead in February. This was generally separate from the public commemoration of divinized imperial figures; these were usually associated with the honorand's official birthday () and their public temples. Honorius's brother Arcadius, augustus in the east, was buried in the "South Stoa" of the Church of the Holy Apostles.
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There he founded The Garden (κῆπος), a school named for the garden he owned that served as the school's meeting place, about halfway between the locations of two other schools of philosophy, the Stoa and the Academy. The Garden was more than just a school; it was "a community of like-minded and aspiring practitioners of a particular way of life." The primary members were Hermarchus, the financier Idomeneus, Leonteus and his wife Themista, the satirist Colotes, the mathematician Polyaenus of Lampsacus, and Metrodorus of Lampsacus, the most famous popularizer of Epicureanism. His school was the first of the ancient Greek philosophical schools to admit women as a rule rather than an exception, and the biography of Epicurus by Diogenes Laërtius lists female students such as Leontion and Nikidion.
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Reconstructed statue of Augustus as Jove, holding scepter and orb (first half of 1st century AD).The imperial cult in Roman Britain-Google docs The Imperial cult of ancient Rome identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority (auctoritas) of the Roman State. The rite of apotheosis (also called consecratio) signified the deceased emperor's deification and acknowledged his role as father of the people similar to the concept of a pater familias' soul or manes being honoured by his sons. Forum of Gerasa (Jerash in present-day Jordan), with columns marking a covered walkway (stoa) for vendor stalls, and a semicircular space for public speaking The three major elements of the Imperial Roman state were the central government, the military, and provincial government.
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Since October 2005 a group of European scientific institutes active in the field of technology assessment – with the Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany, as the leading partner – has been providing scientific services for the European Parliament on social, environmental and economic aspects of new technological and scientific developments. Like many other parliaments in EuropeSee the members of the European Parliamentary Technology Assessment (EPTA) network. the European Parliament at the end of the 1980s set up an institution for scientific advice regarding complex social, ecological and economic implications of modern technology and scientific research. At the European Parliament the process of consulting is organised by the STOA panel (Scientific Technology Options Assessment), a parliamentary body consisting of 15 Members of Parliament representing several parliamentary committees.
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Certain buildings clearly attempt to recreate specific features of landscapes or architecture that had personal significance for the emperor. Thus, the area known as the Canopus, named after the Egyptian city where Antinous drowned, features a long, stately reflecting pool, representing the Nile, which was lined with copies of famous works of sculpture including the caryatids of the Erechtheion, a statue depicting the Egyptian dwarf and fertility god, Bes and a crocodile. The Pecile is modeled after the Stoa Poikile in Athens, a city favored by Hadrian. The structures freely mix traditional Greek and innovative Roman elements. The island enclosure (known as the Maritime Theatre) uses the classical Ionic order, albeit in a novel way; the triclinium of the so-called Piazza d’Oro and the Serapeum were covered with Roman segmented concrete domes, probably designed by Hadrian himself.
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The event features eminent scientists - often Nobel Prize laureates - speaking about subjects placed high on the political agenda, such as the information society, oil-free future, sustainability, advances in medical research, as well as major discoveries in fundamental science. The event is open to the public. Recent Annual Lectures have dealt with 'Quantum technologies, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity' (2018), ‘Media in the age of artificial intelligence' (2017), ‘Towards a space-enabled future for Europe' (2016), ‘A discovery tour in the world of quantum optics' (2015) and ‘Towards understanding the brain: Explained by a Nobel Prize winner’ (2014). STOA organises once a year an MEP-Scientist Pairing Scheme, bringing together MEPs and active scientists, shadowing each other for a couple of days to promote better mutual understanding and lasting links in the service of sound policy- making informed by scientific investigation.
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Rome: Carucci Editore, 1990. Some of his most known works are the Idadiè Imperial College, today's Philosophy Faculty of the Aristotle University (1888), the Government House (Konak) (1891), the Imperial Army Headquarters, today the Greek III Army Corps Headquarters, the New Mosque (1902), the Allatini Mills, the Karipeion Melathron, the State Conservatory building (former Ottoman Bank), the Stoa Malakopi (old Banque de Salonique), the Bank of Athens building (today the Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki), Villa Allatini (for the Allatini family, today housing the prefecture), Villa Morpurgo/Zardinidi, the Catholic church of the Immaculate Conception (1897), the Armenian church (1903) and the Catholic churches, and the synagogue of Bet Saul (1898, destroyed 1943). He had six sons (Primo, Secondo -a musician-, Terzo, Quarto, Quinto and Sesto or Emilio) and two daughters. Singer Luisa Poselli was his relative.
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The Royal Stoa was destroyed along with the Temple during the sacking of Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 CE. It was once thought that Emperor Justinian's "Nea Ekklesia of the Theotokos", or the New Church of the God-Bearer, dedicated to the God-bearing Virgin Mary, consecrated in 543 and commonly known as the Nea Church, was situated where al-Aqsa Mosque was later constructed. However, remains identified as those of the Nea Church were uncovered in the south part of the Jewish Quarter in 1973. Analysis of the wooden beams and panels removed from the mosque during renovations in the 1930s shows they are made from Cedar of Lebanon and cypress. Radiocarbon dating gave a large range of ages, some as old as 9th- century BCE, showing that some of the wood had previously been used in older buildings.
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It stands between the gradual eclipse of the Severe style, as witnessed on the Parthenon metopes,Ridgway, 1981, p.16, "it is certainly true that most of the South metopes... retain distinctive traits of the Severe style. This feature is best explained, however, in terms of lingering tradition, and it is quite possible that the various Fifth century styles developed in the process of carving, since highly advanced details can be noticed in whatever remains of some other metopes, or, for that matter, in some of the South series as well." and the evolution of the Late Classical Rich style, exemplified by the Nike balustrade. What sources the designer of the frieze drew upon is difficult to gauge, certainly large scale narrative art was familiar to 5th-century Athenians as in the Stoa poikile painting by Polygnotos of Thasos.
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The rehabilitated at-grade portion of the South Luzon Expressway from Nichols to Alabang and the Metro Manila Skyway System are both operated by the Skyway Operations and Maintenance Corporation (SOMCo), a company of the existing PNCC concession holder, and Citra Metro Manila Tollways Corporation. SOMCo took over the operations and maintenance of the Skyway from the former operator, PNCC Skyway Corporation, effective January 2008 and was established in compliance with the provisions stipulated in the July 2007 Amended Supplemental Toll Operators Agreement (A-STOA) between the PNCC, Citra Metro Manila Tollways Corporation, and the Toll Regulatory Board (TRB), which awarded the management of the 35-kilometer toll road to Citra. Skyway used the using Vendeka toll collection system. SOMCo is in charge of the three major operational functions of the Skyway: traffic safety and management, maintenance, and toll collection.
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Hershey defeated the Springfield Falcons 3–2 in a shootout on November 2, in which Boyd Kane and Matt Pope scored their first regulation goals of the season, and Galiev made the game-winner in the seventh round of the shootout, his first professional shootout attempt. In a subsequent 3–2 loss against the Bridgeport Sound Tigers on November 5, the Bears allowed a season-high 11 power plays, four of which were five-on-three. Hershey had 50 total penalty minutes in the game, compared to 115 minutes total in their first eight games. Stoa suffered an upper body injury that left him scratched until January 5. The Bears went 3-for-7 on the power play during a 3–1 victory against the Penguins on November 9, ending a 0-for-18 power play stretch; Holtby made 38 saves in the game.
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In a 3–2 shootout win against the Lake Erie Monsters on February 5, Sabourin made 35 saves and the Bears killed seven power plays. They also defeated Binghamton 4–3 on February 9, scoring on two of eight power plays, better than their 1-for-11 power play record going into the game. Hershey lost 4–3 in a shootout against Norfolk on February 10, despite scoring three goals in the third period. Potulny made two of the goals, including the last with 34.4 seconds in regulation, marking his second multi-goal game of the season. Stoa also scored his second two-goal game of the season in the Bears' subsequent 4–3 loss against Norfolk on February 10, which marked the team's third consecutive shootout loss. Hershey's seven-game point streak ended on February 16 with a 2–1 loss against Toronto.
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In 1999, the Muslim Wakf authority controlling the Islamic structures atop the Temple Mount began illegally excavating large amounts of fill from the former site of the Royal Stoa in order to construct a new access to the newly established (or, as the Waqf would put it, restored and expanded) Marwani Mosque. Material dug from the site was dumped in the Kidron Valley, so that all the important information which could have been acquired through proper excavation of the material in its archaeological context has been lost forever. Trying to save what could still be saved, an operation to sift through the debris was started by Zachi Zweig and Gabriel Barkay. The ongoing Temple Mount Sifting Project has resulted in the recovery of many architectural fragments from the Second Temple buildings as well as remnants from all other historical periods since the First Temple Period.
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The ancient Athenian agora has been excavated by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens since 1931 under the direction of T. Leslie Shear, Sr. They continue to the present day, now under the direction of John McK Camp. After the initial phase of excavation, in the 1950s the Hellenistic Stoa of Attalos was reconstructed on the east side of the agora, and today it serves as a museum and as storage and office space for the excavation team. A virtual reconstruction of the Ancient Agora of Athens has been produced through a collaboration of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens and the Foundation of the Hellenic World, which had various output (3d video, VR real-time dom performance, Google Earth 3d models).Sideris A., "A Virtual Cradle for Democracy: Reconstructing the Ancient Agora of Athens", Proceedings of the International SEEArchWeb Conference, Thessaloniki, September 2006.
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Lincoln–Douglas debate (commonly abbreviated as LD Debate, or simply LD) is a type of one-on-one debate practiced mainly in the United States at the high school level. It is sometimes also called values debate because the format traditionally places a heavy emphasis on logic, ethical values, and philosophy. The Lincoln–Douglas debate format is named for the 1858 Lincoln–Douglas debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas, because their debates focused on slavery and the morals, values, and logic behind it. LD Debates are used by the National Speech and Debate Association, or NSDA (formerly known as the National Forensics League, or NFL) competitions, and also widely used in related debate leagues such as the National Christian Forensics and Communication Association, the National Catholic Forensic League, the National Educational Debate Association, the Texas University Interscholastic League, Texas Forensic Association, Stoa USA and their affiliated regional organizations.
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Beginning with the Forum of Caesar () at the end of the Roman Republic, the centre of Rome was embellished with a series of imperial fora typified by a large open space surrounded by a peristyle, honorific statues of the imperial family (), and a basilica, often accompanied by other facilities like a temple, market halls and public libraries. In the imperial period, statues of the emperors with inscribed dedications were often installed near the basilicas' tribunals, as Vitruvius recommended. Examples of such dedicatory inscriptions are known from basilicas at Lucus Feroniae and Veleia in Italy and at Cuicul in Africa Proconsolaris, and inscriptions of all kinds were visible in and around basilicas. At Ephesus the basilica-stoa had two storeys and three aisles and extended the length of the civic agora's north side, complete with colossal statues of the emperor Augustus and his imperial family.
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Aerial view of RAF Menwith HillIn 1988, investigative journalist Duncan Campbell revealed, in an article entitled "Somebody's listening" and published in New Statesman, the existence of the ECHELON surveillance program, an extension of the UKUSA Agreement on global signals intelligence Sigint. He also detailed how the eavesdropping operations worked. Duncan Campbell presented a report commissioned by STOA concerning the ECHELON system, at a "hearing of the Committee on Citizens Freedoms and Rights, Justice and Home Affairs on the subject the European Union and data protection" which prompted the European Union to set up the Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System. On 5 July 2000, the European Union set up the European Parliament's Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System stated that the global system for the interception of private and commercial communications was operating by means of "cooperation proportionate to their capabilities" among the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia and New Zealand under the UKUSA.
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According to these principles, the building is spartan and durable in its construction materials to maximize functionality, durability, and economy, while having more elaborate and decorated styles in the main entrance, hall of casts, auditoriums and the library. It was built in the southern side of campus, in the new arts district, close to the O’Neill Hall, the DeBartolo Performing Arts Center, Charles B. Hayes Family Sculpture Park and the planned Raclin Murphy Museum of Art. The building is centered around a court and provides architecture studios in a two-story wing along the north; a library on the east; with an auditorium and exhibition galleries along the main circulation spine, which is in the form of a Greek stoa. The entrance to the is marked by an Ionic portico, while a tower at the center of the court is positioned to stand out in the views from the university's main entrance and to facilitate access to the external amphitheater.
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Evagoras I of Salamis (435–374 BCE) dominated Cypriot politics for almost forty years until his death in 374 BCE. He had favoured Athens during the closing years of the Peloponnesian War, elicited Persian support for the Athenians against Sparta and urged Greeks from the Aegean to settle in Cyprus, assisting the Athenians in so many ways that they honoured him by erecting his statue in the Stoa (portico) Basileios in Athens. At the beginning of the 4th century BC, he took control of the whole island of Cyprus and within a few years was attempting to gain independence from Persia with Athenian help. Following resistance from the kings of Kition, Amathus and Soli, who fled to the great king of Persia in 390 BC to request support, Evagoras received less help from the Athenians than he had hoped for and in about 380 BCE, a Persian force besieged Salamis and Evagoras was forced to surrender.
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In the 420s BCE, there was a period of significant architectural activity at the site, including the addition of the Π-shaped stoa, the bridge and reconstruction work on the temple. Since Artemis was connected in myth to both plague and healing — as was her brother Apollo — it may be that this activity was taken as a result of the plague that struck Athens in this period. The unfortified site continued in use until the 3rd century BCE, when tensions between Athens and the Macedonians caused it to be abandoned, perhaps after the site was damaged in a flood. In the 2nd century CE the periegetic writer Pausanias has uncharacteristically little to say concerning the Sanctuary at Brauron or its mythology/history, but what he does relate contradicts Euripides: > Brauron is some way from Marathon, they say that Iphigenia, the daughter of > Agamemnon, having fled from the Taurians bearing an image of Artemis made > landfall at this place.
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The magnificence of early Christian basilicas reflected the patronage of the emperor and recalled his imperial palaces and reflected the royal associations of the basilica with the Hellenistic Kingdoms and even earlier monarchies like that of Pharaonic Egypt. Similarly, the name and association resounded with the Christian claims of the royalty of Christ – according to the Acts of the Apostles the earliest Christians had gathered at the royal Stoa of Solomon in Jerusalem to assert Jesus's royal heritage. For early Christians, the Bible supplied evidence that the First Temple and Solomon's palace were both hypostyle halls and somewhat resembled basilicas. Hypostyle synagogues, often built with apses in Palestine by the 6th century, share a common origin with the Christian basilicas in the civic basilicas and in the pre-Roman style of hypostyle halls in the Mediterranean Basin, particularly in Egypt, where pre-classical hypostyles continued to be built in the imperial period and were themselves converted into churches in the 6th century.
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Untermyer Park and Gardens is a historic city public park, located in Yonkers, New York in Westchester County, just north of New York City. The park is a remnant of Samuel J. Untermyer's estate "Greystone". Situated on the steep land arising from the eastern bank of the Hudson River to the bluff on top of it, the park features a Walled Garden inspired by ancient IndoPersian gardens, a small Grecian-style open-air amphitheater with two facing sphynxes supported by tall Ionic columns, a classical pavilion, stoa and loggias, a rock-and- water feature called the "The Temple of Love", as well as a long staircase from the Walled Garden to an Overlook with views of the river and the Palisades. The gardens were developed beginning in 1916 by Untermyer, a prominent lawyer and civic leader, and were designed by architect and landscape designer William W. Bosworth, with fountains by Charles Wellford Leavitt, and sculptures by Paul Manship and other artists.
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The temenos, or sacred ground, of the Academy was walled round, for ritual reasons, as pleasure gardens would be, for practical ones; within its precincts were buildings: small temples, shrines and tombs, in addition to that of the presiding hero. In 322 BC, Theophrastus, the father of botany, inherited Aristotle's garden, along with his scholars and his library; of the garden we know only that it had a walk, and that Theophrastus lectured there: it may have been in some respects a botanical garden with a scientific rather than recreational purpose. On his return to Athens in 306 BCE, the philosopher Epicurus founded The Garden, a school named for the garden he owned about halfway between the Stoa and the Academy that served as the school's meeting place; little is actually known of the ascetic philosopher's garden, though in cultural history it grew retrospectively in delight: of his garden at Geneva, Les Délices, Voltaire could exclaim, with more enthusiasm than history, "It is the palace of a philosopher with the gardens of Epicurus— it is a delicious retreat".Voltaire, letter of 23 January 1755, quoted by Thacker, p. 18.
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In the 1920s, he also donated a substantial amount towards the restoration and rehabilitation of major buildings in France after World War I, such as the Reims Cathedral, the Château de Fontainebleau and the Château de Versailles, for which in 1936 he was awarded France's highest decoration, the Grand-Croix de la Legion d'honneur, which was awarded decades later to his son David Rockefeller. He also liberally funded the notable early excavations at Luxor in Egypt, and the American School of Classical Studies for excavation of the Agora and the reconstruction of the Stoa of Attalos, both in Athens; the American Academy in Rome; Lingnan University in China; St. Luke's International Hospital in Tokyo; the library of the Imperial University in Tokyo; and the Shakespeare Memorial Endowment at Stratford-on-Avon. In addition, he provided the funding for the construction of the Palestine Archaeological Museum in East Jerusalem – the Rockefeller Museum – which today houses many antiquities and was the home of many of the Dead Sea Scrolls until they were moved to the Shrine of the Book at the Israel Museum.Restorations and constructions in France, Egypt, Greece and Jerusalem - see David Rockefeller, Memoirs, op.cit. (pp.44-8).
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Staff (ndg) "The Walled Garden" Untermyer Gardens Conservancy The four waterways of the Untermyer gardens are - clockwise from the garden's entrance - the South, West, North and East Canals, which meet in a pool at the center. The Vista looking west to the Hudson River and The Overlook While conceptually Indo-Persian, many of the elements that Bosworth designed for the Walled Garden are derived from Greek models, such as the Temple of the Sky, a tempietto, on the western edge of the garden, a circle of Corinthian columns made of Alabama marble topped by an entablature, with a large swimming pool with lion's heads sculpted by Frederick R. Roth spouting water,As of 2020 the Temple of the Sky is under restoration. the stoa on the eastern wall for guests to relax in, and the open air amphitheater at the north end where performers would entertain guests. A prominent feature of the amphitheater are the two facing marble sphynxes sculpted by Paul Manship,Staff (ndg) "Garden Map and Brochure" Untermyer Park and Gardens one of the most famous sculptors of th time,Seebohm (2020), p.
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