Like the Milky Way, it's a spiral galaxy packed with stars.
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Meanwhile, the spiral galaxy dominating the image radiates with glowing dust.
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The spiral galaxy Messier 96 about 35 million light-years away.
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The spiral galaxy was passing the irregular galaxy when the collision happened.
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In a spiral galaxy, the arms are full of gas and dust.
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To the right, in bright blue, you can see the spiral galaxy IC 5201.
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To the right, in bright blue, you can see the spiral galaxy IC 5201.
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M101 is a spiral galaxy like our Milky Way, but about 70 percent bigger.
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M22 The spiral galaxy Messier 2690 is packed with an estimated 2000 billion stars.
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The signal came from a region of the spiral galaxy that birthed many stars.
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"What you see in a spiral galaxy is not what you get," Rubin said.
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The spiral galaxy ESO 22129-21 is located some 210 million light-years from Earth.
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The spiral galaxy ESO 13-21 is located some 30 million light-years from Earth.
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However, despite their prevalence, each spiral galaxy is unique — like snowflakes, no two are alike.
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The Hubble telescope has captured a dazzling new photograph of a spiral galaxy, NGC 2903.
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The peculiar signal is coming from a massive spiral galaxy 500 million light-years away.
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This edge-on spiral galaxy might not look like much, but it's actually quite the misfit.
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The repeating signal was traced to a massive spiral galaxy around 500 million light-years away.
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This photo showcases the NGC 4845, a spiral galaxy with a supermassive and super-hungry black hole.
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Try not to get dizzy staring into the galactic core of this gorgeous spiral galaxy dubbed NGC 2300163.
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Try not to get dizzy staring into the galactic core of this gorgeous spiral galaxy dubbed NGC 30003.
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It's a striking example of a "grand design spiral galaxy," one with well-defined arms, viewed straight on.
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The larger spiral galaxy in the center is the Whirlpool galaxy, and its companion above is called M51.
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The larger spiral galaxy in the center is the Whirlpool galaxy, and its companion above is called M51.
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That barred spiral galaxy is a glowing gorgeous blue, but it's not what we are here to see.
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The spiral galaxy, known as NGC 2985, can be found in the Ursa Major, or Great Bear, constellation.
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When I walk Across the kitchen, I am continental drift, I move My arms like a spiral galaxy.
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"Even our mundane, typical spiral galaxy—not exceptionally large compared to other galaxies—is vast beyond imagination," said Solomonides.
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File photo: The spiral galaxy M101 is pictured in this undated handout photo from NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory.
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Take this newly shared image of NGC 972, a spiral galaxy discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel in 1784.
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The source was a spiral galaxy called SDSS J015800.28+654253.0 more than half a billion light-years away from Earth.
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An image of a spiral galaxy in the Virgo Cluster looks like a flattened pink tulip petal on a pond.
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The smudgy object to the left of it is actually a spiral galaxy 53 million light-years in the background.
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The smudgy object to the left of it is actually a spiral galaxy 390 million light-years in the background.
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At the lower-right is the elegant barred-spiral galaxy NGC 1365 and to the left the big elliptical NGC 1399.
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Introducing the barred spiral galaxy Messier 211, a ballet of stars located 219 million light years away in the constellation Leo.
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Introducing the barred spiral galaxy Messier 95, a ballet of stars located 35 million light years away in the constellation Leo.
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The Milky Way is a rotating barred spiral galaxy full of stars, gas and dust that is 100,000 light-years wide.
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But just a little farther—okay, 500,713 light-years farther—is another spiral galaxy, the third largest in our local group.
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Deep in outer space, in a spiral galaxy 500 million light-years away, radio signals are being emitted from an unidentified source.
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The nearest galaxy also holds the the largest number of potential twins: spiral galaxy M83 is just 15 million light-years away.
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M90 This gorgeous image of the colossal spiral galaxy Messier 90 captures its sprawling scope, which contains an estimated one trillion stars.
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The massive blue star, located in a remote spiral galaxy, has the catchy official name of MACS J1149+2223 Lensed Star-1.
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It's a spiral galaxy like our own Milky Way, but from this vantage point it looks more like a fuzzy swath of stardust.
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It's a spiral galaxy like our own Milky Way, but from this vantage point it looks more like a fuzzy swath of stardust.
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One trillion stars inhabit the spiral galaxy Messier 98, located in the constellation of Coma Berenices some 50 million light years from earth.
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We live in a solar system around an average star in a pretty average spiral galaxy in a random region of the universe.
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This not-too-distant celestial body (it's only 42 million light-years away!) is a spiral galaxy much like Earth's own Milky Way.
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NGC 3169 is a spiral galaxy, and the angle at which Hubble catches it gives us a good perspective on what's happening there.
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This barred spiral galaxy is called NGC 218, and it's full of young stars in the early days of formation—seen in the blues.
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This barred spiral galaxy is called NGC 1559, and it's full of young stars in the early days of formation—seen in the blues.
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Scientists have known about this unusual spiral galaxy for many years, but they couldn't explain why it contains less gas than it's supposed to.
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You'll find it occasionally used as an archetype of the classification—astronomy writer Phil Plait and NASA have both called it "the perfect spiral" galaxy.
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And Hubble spied a dazzling barred spiral galaxy NGC 5398 and its star-making cloud Tol 89 which boasts more than seven massive star clusters.
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Beautiful symmetry: Here we have spiral galaxy NGC 2985, one of the most proportional spiral galaxies out there, as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope.
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The scene we see here contains the original spiral galaxy, the violent interloper, and the colorful cluster of new stars, making for a breathtaking photo.
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M58 Pictured above is Messier 58, a barred spiral galaxy located 62 million light years away, making it the most distant Messier object from Earth.
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A quasar (right center) produces a very narrow beam of light, while a spiral galaxy (right, surrounding the quasar) creates a much wider field of view.
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Winner of Galaxies: M94: Deep Space Halo, Nicolas OuttersMessier 94, or M94, is a distant spiral galaxy lying approximately 16 million lightyears away from our planet.
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The "missing satellite problem," for instance, is the expectation, based on standard cold dark matter models, that hundreds of satellite galaxies should orbit every spiral galaxy.
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Just when you thought Hubble had done so much recently, this stunner pops up: Check out this amazing photo of a spiral galaxy called NGC 2903.
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Just when you thought Hubble had done so much recently, this stunner pops up: Check out this amazing photo of a spiral galaxy called NGC 2903.
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M6903 Another expansive spiral galaxy, Messier 95 is located 33 million light years away, and is notable for its energetic starbirth regions and bright young stars.
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To form this ocular shape, a galaxy named IC 2163 collided with another spiral galaxy, NGC 2207, sending them spinning into the shape we see here.
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Astronomers have traced the origin of a repeating signal in space called a fast radio burst to a spiral galaxy 500 million light-years from Earth.
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The star was in a spiral galaxy 22 million light-years away that is nicknamed the "Fireworks Galaxy" because so many supernova explosions happen in it.
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The spiral galaxy that NASA highlighted in a Friday post is situated over 130 million light-years away from the point in space we call home.
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M98M98Image: NASA, ESA, STScI and V. Rubin (Carnegie Institution of Washington) (NASA)M98 is a spiral galaxy in the Virgo cluster located 44 million light-years away.
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The object looks like a barred spiral galaxy, but since we can only see it head on, it's hard to tell whether it has spiral arms or not.
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NGC 4490, a spiral galaxy with a central bar structure made of stars, is the larger galactic neighbor of NGC 4485, an irregular galaxy with no defined shape.
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M108 Messier 108, also known as the "Surfboard galaxy" due to the relatively flat plane of its core, is a spiral galaxy located 46 million light years away.
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The NGC 5195 black hole features two powerful bursts that may have occurred when the galaxy came into contact with a large spiral galaxy M51 millions of years ago.
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NGC 3521, Mysterious Galaxy: Steven Mohr (Australia)This winning image for the Galaxies category shows spiral galaxy NGC 3521, which is located around 26 million light-years from Earth.
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M95M95Image: NASA, ESA, STScI, and D. Calzetti (University of Massachusetts, Amherst) and R. Chandar (University of Toledo) (NASA)M1103 is a barred spiral galaxy located just below the constellation Leo.
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This Hubble shot features NGC 5398, a barred spiral galaxy with an ionized hydrogen cloud known as Tol 89, a star-making machine containing more than seven massive star clusters.
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This Hubble shot features NGC 5398, a barred spiral galaxy with an ionized hydrogen cloud known as Tol 89, a star-making machine containing more than seven massive star clusters.
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The bright band of stars in the center is a cross-cut view of the Milky Way; it looks this way because our solar system drifts within the spiral galaxy.
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The flare grew into a sudden burst of bright light from the direction of the dwarf spiral galaxy CGCG 137-068, 200 million light-years away in the Hercules constellation.
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Despite these limitations, we know that the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy measuring around 120,000 light-years across, and that we're located around 27,24.3 light-years from the galactic core.
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M2108M2108Image: NASA, ESA, STScI and M. Stiavelli (STScI) (NASA)M2108 is a spiral galaxy also located in the Virgo cluster—as NASA reports, Messier discovered it alongside eight other objects in 246.
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What's happening: A new photo shows the interstellar comet 2I/Borisov and the spiral galaxy 2MASX J10500165-0152029 in the same shot as the comet flew about 203 million miles from Earth.
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Our own Milky Way galaxy was thought to be one until the 1960s, when it was reclassified as a barred spiral (a spiral galaxy with a distinct center bar in addition to spiral arms).
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In an interview in 2000 posted on the American Museum of Natural History website, Dr. Rubin said: In a spiral galaxy, the ratio of dark-to-light matter is about a factor of 10.
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Most of the galaxies in the survey looked small and dense, suggesting that our own spiral galaxy, the Milky Way, was once more compact as well, Universidade de Lisboa graduate student Ana Paulino-Alfonso told Gizmodo.
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She worked on spiral galaxies, and with another astronomer, Kent Ford, she noticed something unusual about stars: in a spiral galaxy, the stars at the edges spun at the same speed as those in the center.
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At the center of the cluster is one massive spiral galaxy called the Abell 2597 Brightest Cluster Galaxy, which features a black hole at its center that's some 300 million times the mass of our Sun.
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According to a new study published in the journal Nature, the origin of this repeating signal is a spiral galaxy located 500 million light-years from Earth — making it the closest known source of FRBs yet.
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This particular dwarf galaxy contains a plentiful reservoir of gas from which stars could form, but a nearby giant spiral galaxy, Messier 83, seems to be stealing gas from LEDA 677373, stopping new stars from being born.
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This is demonstrated by the striking face-on spiral galaxy NGC 6814, whose luminous nucleus and spectacular sweeping arms, rippled with an intricate pattern of dark dust, are captured in this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image.
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Members of a galaxy type that lies somewhere between an elliptical and a spiral galaxy, lenticular galaxies such as NGC 23 are disk galaxies that have used up, or lost, the majority of their gas and dust.
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Although the star was on the outskirts of a spiral galaxy millions of light years away, the event itself was captured by the Palomar Observatory, which conducts a nightly survey of the sky to look for supernovae.
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M90M90Image: NASA, ESA, STScI, and V. Rubin (Carnegie Institution of Washington), D. Maoz (Tel Aviv University/Wise Observatory) and D. Fisher (University of Maryland) (NASA)M90 is another spiral galaxy in the Virgo cluster, 59 million light-years away.
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Spiral Galaxy Pair NGC 22012 and NGC 21 Image: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)This stunning close up of a galactic pair was released on April 210th, 2017 (nice), just in time for Hubble's birthday.
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Click here to view original GIFThe supernova appears on bottom center-right (Image: Victor Buso)Amateur astronomer Victor Buso was testing his camera-telescope setup in Argentina back in September 2016, pointing his Newtonian telescope at a spiral galaxy called NGC613.
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Early in November, the Gemini observatory spotted the wanderer passing about a billion light-years in front of a spiral galaxy "romantically known" as 2dFgrS TGN363Z174, said Travis Rector, an astronomer from the University of Alaska Anchorage who was involved in taking the photograph.
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With astronomer Kent Ford, she saw that the Andromeda spiral galaxy was rotating strangely: stars far out from its centre moved as quickly as those at the middle, indicating there must be some kind of "dark" mass there, beyond just the visible stars, to account for it.
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Located 55 million light years away in a spiral galaxy called NGC 5643, SN 2017cbv was spotted almost immediately after it erupted from a white dwarf into a supernova, allowing scientists to monitor the fallout of the blast, and the subsequent smash with its companion star.
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In the 1970s, Rubin and other astronomers found that invisible mass was responsible for the stars' movement, determining that each spiral galaxy has a halo of dark matter, or material that doesn't give off light and goes beyond what one can see in the galaxy, according to Carnegie.
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NGC 5544 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. It is interacting with spiral galaxy NGC 5545.
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NGC 5545 is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Boötes. It is interacting with the spiral galaxy NGC 5544.
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The Whirlpool Galaxy and its companion satellite. The Whirlpool is an unbarred spiral galaxy An unbarred spiral galaxyAstronomical Journal, "Near-infrared surface photometry and morphology in virgo cluster spiral galaxy nuclear regions", Bernard J. Rauscher, April 1995, , Astronomy Pictures, "M99" (accessed 18 April 2010) is a type of spiral galaxy without a central bar, or one that is not a barred spiral galaxy. It is designated with an SA in the galaxy morphological classification scheme. Barless spiral galaxies are one of three general types of spiral galaxies under the de Vaucouleurs system classification system, the other two being intermediate spiral galaxy and barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 3021 is a small spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo Minor. It is about 100 million light-years away from Earth. Spiral galaxy NGC 3021.
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NGC 1365, also known as the Great Barred Spiral Galaxy, is a double-barred spiral galaxy about 56 million light-years away in the constellation Fornax.
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NGC 3271 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Antlia. At magnitude 11.7, it is the brightest spiral galaxy in the Antlia Cluster, which lies about away.
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NGC 31 is a spiral galaxy located in the Phoenix constellation. Its morphological type is SB(rs)cd, meaning that it is a late-type barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 2998 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is 195 million light-years (59.7 megaparsecs) away from the Earth. It is an intermediate spiral galaxy.
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Messier 83 is an intermediate spiral galaxy of type SABc located in the constellation Hydra. An intermediate spiral galaxy is a galaxy that is in between the classifications of a barred spiral galaxy and an unbarred spiral galaxy. It is designated as SAB in the galaxy morphological classification system devised by Gerard de Vaucouleurs. Subtypes are labeled as SAB0, SABa, SABb, or SABc, following a sequence analogous to the Hubble sequence for barred and unbarred spirals.
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NGC 367 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus.
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NGC 7217 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus.
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NGC 5398 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Centaurus.
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NGC 5665 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Boötes.
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NGC 5806 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo.
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NGC 5579 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes.
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NGC 5676 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes.
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NGC 4380 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo .
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NGC 3223 is a faint barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Antlia.
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Maffei 2 is the spiral galaxy near the bottom of this image.
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NGC 5170 is an edge-on spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo.
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NGC 2715 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It was discovered in 1871 by Alphonse Borrelly. It is an intermediate spiral galaxy that is 4.9 arcminutes wide. SN 1987M, a supernova was discovered in NGC 2715.
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NGC 3972 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Ursa Major.
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NGC 5562 is a spiral galaxy (class S) in the constellation of Boötes.
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A spiral galaxy is a type of galaxy characterized by a central bulge of old Population II stars surrounded by a rotating disc of younger Population I stars. A spiral galaxy maintains its spirals arms due to density wave theory.
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The largest of these include the 10 arcminute long magnitude 12 NGC 925 spiral galaxy and the 5 arcminute long magnitude 11.6 NGC 672 barred spiral galaxy. The latter is close by and appears to be interacting with IC 1727.
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NGC 7083 is an unbarred spiral galaxy located about 134 million light-years away in the constellation of Indus. It is also classified as a flocculent spiral galaxy. NGC 7083 was discovered by astronomer James Dunlop on August 28, 1826.
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The optical size of the galaxy is . This is the prototype for the flocculent spiral galaxy, a type of spiral galaxy whose arms are patchy and discontinuous. The morphological class is SAa, indicating a spiral galaxy with no central bar and very tightly- wound arms. There is no grand design structure visible in the optical band, although some inner spiral arms can be seen in the near infrared.
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NGC 5474, an example of a dwarf spiral galaxy A dwarf spiral galaxy is the dwarf version of a spiral galaxy. Dwarf galaxies are characterized as having low luminosities, small diameters (less than 5 kpc), low surface brightnesses, and low hydrogen masses. The galaxies may be considered a subclass of low- surface-brightness galaxies. Dwarf spiral galaxies, particularly the dwarf counterparts of Sa-Sc type spiral galaxies, are quite rare.
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Further away lie the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 681, NGC 701, and NGC 755.
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NGC 3501 is a spiral galaxy 80 million light years away. It is located in the constellation Leo. The galaxy was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2014, showing an edge-on spiral galaxy; its companion NGC 3507 is not included in the photograph.
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NGC 262 (also known as Markarian 348) is a huge spiral galaxy in the cluster LGG 14. It is a Seyfert 2 spiral galaxy located 287 million light years away in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on September 17, 1885 by Lewis A. Swift.
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NGC 6850 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Telescopium, discovered by John Herschel in 1836.
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NGC 132 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered by William Herschel.
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NGC 5750 is a barred spiral galaxy with an active galactic nucleus in the constellation Virgo.
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The galaxy is the second largest in the NGC 68 group, after spiral galaxy NGC 70.
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This is rare for a spiral galaxy to be situated at the heart of a cluster.
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NGC 4088 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy forms a physical pair with NGC 4085, which is located 11′ away. NGC 4088 is a grand design spiral galaxy. This means that the spiral arms in the galaxy's disk are sharply defined.
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Not only was BX442 revealed to be a genuine spiral galaxy, but part of a sub-class known as 'grand-design' spirals. Most spiral galaxies have subtler features and the arms of the spiral are not necessarily well-defined. A grand design spiral galaxy has very clearly well-formed and distinct arms that significantly stretch out around the galaxy center. Of all spiral galaxies, only about 10% of them are classified as a grand design spiral galaxy.
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NGC 173 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 3.8 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus.
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NGC 3455 is a spiral galaxy located 65 million light-years away in the constellation of Leo.
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The Antlia Dwarf is believed to be tidally interacting with the small barred spiral galaxy NGC 3109.
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NGC 4424 is an unbarred spiral galaxy located 30 million light years is the constellation of Virgo.
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NGC 6753 is an unbarred spiral galaxy, seen almost exactly face-on, located in the constellation Pavo.
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NGC 4420 is an unbarred spiral galaxy located 77 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo.
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NGC 5559 is a spiral galaxy, located 240 million light-years away in the constellation of Boötes.
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NGC 5746 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the eastern part of the constellation of Virgo.
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NGC 7640 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Andromeda. There is evidence that this galaxy has experienced an interaction with another galaxy in the (astronomically) recent past. It is not immediately obvious this is a spiral galaxy from the photograph because it is edge on.
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NGC 309 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1876 by Wilhelm Tempel.
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Messier 77 spiral galaxy - HST (Hubble Space Telescope). Cetus by Willem Blaeu, 1602. Cetus lies far from the galactic plane, so that many distant galaxies are visible, unobscured by dust from the Milky Way. Of these, the brightest is Messier 77 (NGC 1068), a 9th magnitude spiral galaxy near Delta Ceti.
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NGC 4634 is an edge-on barred spiral galaxy located about 70 million light- years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. NGC 4634 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on January 14, 1787. It is interacting with the spiral galaxy NGC 4633. Both galaxies are members of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 2536 is a barred spiral galaxy with a prominent inner ring structure encircling the bar in the constellation Cancer that is interacting with NGC 2535. The two galaxies are listed together in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as an example of a spiral galaxy with a high surface brightness companion.
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NGC 142 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by Frank Muller in 1886.
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NGC 1350 is a spiral galaxy located 87 million light years away in the southern constellation Fornax (the Furnace).
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NGC 263 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 3312 is the largest spiral galaxy in the Hydra Cluster and is also classified as a LINER galaxy.
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NGC 195 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1876 by Wilhelm Tempel.
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NGC 259 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1786.
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NGC 6810 is a spiral galaxy approximately 87 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Pavo.
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NGC 3464 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Hydra, discovered 14 January 1886 by Ormond Stone.
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NGC 4450 imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope NGC 4450 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices.
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NGC 320 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was first discovered in 1886 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 230 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 232 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 239 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 739 is a spiral galaxy approximately 193 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Triangulum.
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Spiral galaxy NGC 1232 with NGC 1232A at lower left. Image based on three exposures in ultra-violet, blue and red light respectively. NGC 1232 is an intermediate spiral galaxy about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Eridanus. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 20 October 1784.
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Under the Hubble tuning fork, it is one of two general types of spiral galaxy, the other being barred spirals.
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NGC 192 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on December 28, 1790 by William Herschel.
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A detailed view of part of the disc of the spiral galaxy NGC 4565 imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope.
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MCG+01-02-015 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is an example of a void galaxy.
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NGC 3666 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 15, 1784.
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NGC 280 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on December 5, 1785 by William Herschel.
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NGC 283 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 2, 1886 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 64 is a barred spiral galaxy discovered by Lewis Swift in 1886, and is located in the Cetus constellation.
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NGC 12 is a spiral galaxy in the Pisces constellation. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 6 1790.
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NGC 991 is an intermediate spiral galaxy the constellation Cetus. This galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel in 1785.
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NGC 6570 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Ophiuchus. It is part of the original New General Catalogue.
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NGC 160 is a spiral galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. It was discovered on December 5, 1785, by William Herschel.
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NGC 138 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on August 29, 1864 by Albert Marth.
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NGC 2775, a prominent flocculent spiral galaxy A flocculent spiral galaxy is a type of spiral galaxy. Unlike the well-defined spiral architecture of a grand design spiral galaxy, flocculent (meaning "fluffy") galaxies are patchy, with discontinuous spiral arms.COSMOS - SAO Encyclopedia of Astronomy, "Grand Design Spiral" (accessed 23 April 2010)COSMOS - SAO Encyclopedia of Astronomy, "Flocculent Spiral" (accessed 23 April 2010) Self-propagating star formation is the apparent explanation for the structure of flocculent spirals. Approximately 30% of spirals are flocculent, 10% are grand design, and the rest are referred to as "multi-armed".Case Western Reserve University, Chris Mihos, ASTR222 - Spring 2008, "Spiral Structure" (accessed 23 April 2010) The multiple-arm type is sometimes grouped into the flocculent category.
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About 1.2 billion years ago, the Antennae were two separate galaxies. NGC 4038 was a barred spiral galaxy and NGC 4039 was a spiral galaxy. Before the galaxies collided, NGC 4039 was larger than NGC 4038. 900 million years ago, the Antennae began to approach one another, looking similar to NGC 2207 and IC 2163.
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At a distance of 30,000 light-years, it has chains of stars extending to the north that are resolvable in small amateur telescopes. One galaxy group located in Capricornus is HCG 87, a group of at least three galaxies located 400 million light-years from Earth (redshift 0.0296). It contains a large elliptical galaxy, a face-on spiral galaxy, and an edge-on spiral galaxy. The face-on spiral galaxy is experiencing abnormally high rates of star formation, indicating that it is interacting with one or both members of the group.
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NGC 184 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 6, 1883 by Édouard Stephan.
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NGC 271 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 1, 1785 by William Herschel.
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NGC 257 is a spiral galaxy in the Pisces constellation. It was discovered on December 29, 1790, by Frederick William Herschel.
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NGC 260 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on August 27, 1865 by Heinrich d'Arrest.
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NGC 268 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 22, 1785 by William Herschel.
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NGC 4100 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on Mar 9, 1788.
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NGC 3705 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by William Herschel on Jan 18, 1784.
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NGC 4900 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 30, 1786.
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NGC 1792 is a spiral galaxy located in the Columba constellation. It was discovered by James Dunlop on October 4, 1826.
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NGC 291 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth.
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NGC 293 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth.
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IC 1337 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Capricornus. It was discovered by Stéphane Javelle on July 22, 1892.
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NGC 5985 is a spiral galaxy located in the northern constellation Draco. NGC 5985 was discovered by William Herschel in 1788.
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NGC 27 is a spiral galaxy located in the Andromeda constellation. It was discovered on 3 August 1884 by Lewis Swift.
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NGC 4781 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by William Herschel on Mar 25, 1786.
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NGC 3898 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789.
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NGC 1345 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Eridanus. It was discovered by John Herschel on Dec 11, 1835.
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NGC 5678 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 17, 1789.
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NGC 1249 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Horologium. It was discovered by John Herschel on Dec 5, 1834.
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NGC 3294 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo Minor. It was discovered by William Herschel on Mar 17, 1787.
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NGC 144 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus (the Whale). The galaxy was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller.
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NGC 143 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus.NGC 143 på SEDS It was discovered by Frank Muller in 1886.
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NGC 319 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Phoenix. It was first discovered on September 5, 1834 by John Herschel.
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NGC 200 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 25, 1790 by William Herschel.
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NGC 198 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 25, 1790 by William Herschel.
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NGC 424 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Sculptor. It was discovered on November 30, 1837 by John Herschel.
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NGC 213 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 14, 1784 by William Herschel.
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NGC 234 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 14, 1784 by William Herschel.
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NGC 228 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 10, 1879 by Édouard Stephan.
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NGC 236 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on August 3, 1864 by Albert Marth.
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NGC 237 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1867 by Truman Safford.
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NGC 238 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Phoenix. It was discovered on October 2, 1834 by John Herschel.
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NGC 245 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 1, 1785 by William Herschel.
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IC 1953 is a barred spiral galaxy situated in constellation of Eridanus. Located about 86 milion light years, it is a member of the Eridanus cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. It was discovered by DeLisle Stewart in 1899. IC 1953 has a Hubble classification of SBc, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 1369 is a spiral galaxy situated in constellation of Eridanus. Located about 65 milion light years, it is a member of the Fornax cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. It was discovered by Julius Schmidt on 19 January 1865. NGC 1369 has a Hubble classification of Sa, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 5609 is a spiral galaxy located 1.3 billion light-years light-years away from Earth, in the constellation Boötes. It has the second largest redshift of any galaxy in the New General Catalogue. Only NGC 1262, another spiral galaxy has a higher redshift. NGC 5609 was discovered by astronomer Bindon Blood Stoney on March 1, 1851.
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Messier 94 (also known as NGC 4736) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781, and catalogued by Charles Messier two days later. Although some references describe M94 as a barred spiral galaxy, the "bar" structure appears to be more oval-shaped. The galaxy has two ring structures.
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ISOHDFS 27 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Tucana, and was discovered in the Hubble Deep Field South survey. It is the most massive spiral galaxy found in the survey, measuring in diameter. It is located approximately from Earth and has a mass of solar masses (), about four times as massive as the Milky Way.
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Rotation curve of a typical spiral galaxy: predicted (A) and observed (B). Dark matter can explain the 'flat' appearance of the velocity curve out to a large radius. The arms of spiral galaxies rotate around the galactic center. The luminous mass density of a spiral galaxy decreases as one goes from the center to the outskirts.
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NGC 180 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 29, 1790 by William Herschel.
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NGC 378 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on September 28, 1834 by John Herschel.
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NGC 772 (also known as Arp 78) is an unbarred spiral galaxy approximately 130 million light-years away in the constellation Aries.
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NGC 4144 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 10, 1788.
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NGC 1683 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Orion. The object was discovered in 1850 by the Irish astronomer William Parsons.
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NGC 2357 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Gemini. It was discovered by Édouard Stephan on 6 February 1885.
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NGC 5837 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. It was discovered on 19 June 1887 by Lewis A. Swift.
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NGC 4561 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 13, 1784.
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NGC 3319 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on Feb 3, 1788.
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NGC 6801 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cygnus. It was discovered by Lewis A. Swift on August 5, 1886.
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NGC 251 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered on October 15, 1784, by Frederick William Herschel.
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NGC 255 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 27, 1785, by Frederick William Herschel.
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NGC 1924 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Orion. It was discovered on October 5, 1785 by William Herschel.
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NGC 140 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by Truman Henry Safford on October 8, 1866.
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NGC 1337 is a spiral galaxy in the Eridanus constellation. It was discovered by British astronomer Lewis Swift on 10 November 1885.
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NGC 4918 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. The object was discovered in 1886 by the American astronomer Francis Preserved Leavenworth.
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NGC 784 is a barred spiral galaxy about 16.0 Mly away in the constellation Triangulum. NGC 784 is located within the Virgo Supercluster.
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NGC 118 is a spiral galaxy of type S (rs)a? pec with an apparent magnitude of 13.6 located in the constellation Cetus.
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NGC 99 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on 8 October 1883 by the French astronomer Édouard Stephan.
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NGC 5821 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. It lies near a similarly massed galaxy, NGC 5820, at the same redshift.
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NGC 240 is a lenticular or spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 22, 1886 by Lewis Swift.
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NGC 1310 is a spiral galaxy located in the Fornax constellation. It was discovered by English astronomer John Herschel on 22 October 1835.
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NGC 1325 is a barred spiral galaxy situated in constellation of Eridanus. Located about 73 milion light years, it is a member of the Eridanus cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. It was discovered by William Herschel on 19 December 1799. NGC 1325 has a Hubble classification of SBbc, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 1353 is a barred spiral galaxy situated in constellation of Eridanus. Located about 70 milion light years, it is a member of the Eridanus cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. It was discovered by William Herschel on 9 December 1784. NGC 1353 has a Hubble classification of SBb, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 4571 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices that William Herschel thought was Messier 91 in Charles Messier' catalog of deep-sky objects,Students for the Exploration and Development of Space NGC 4571, Accessed online 14 April 2011 before nearly two centuries later that object was determined to be the nearby barred spiral galaxy NGC 4548.
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SAm galaxies are a type of unbarred spiral galaxy, while SBm are a type of barred spiral galaxy.Linda S. Sparke, John Sill Gallagher, Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction, 2ed., Cambridge University Press, 2007, SABm are a type of intermediate spiral galaxy. Type Sm and Im galaxies have also been categorized as irregular galaxies with some structure (type Irr-1).
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The spiral galaxy NGC 1232 is one of the brightest in the Eridanus Cluster. The barred spiral galaxy NGC 1300 is most famous in Eridanus Cluster. The Eridanus Cluster is a galaxy cluster roughly from Earth, containing about 73 main galaxies and about 200 total galaxies. About 30% have Hubble classifications of elliptical or S0 and the remaining 70% are spiral or irregular.
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ESO 235-58 is a galaxy in the constellation of Indus. Its exact nature is uncertain. At first glance, it appears like a barred spiral galaxy seen face on. However, further examination has shown that what appears to be the bar is actually the main structure of an edge-on spiral galaxy, and the galaxy has structure like that of polar-ring galaxies.
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NGC 181 is a galaxy, likely a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 6, 1883 by Édouard Stephan.
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NGC 164 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was found by the German astronomer Albert Marth on 3 August 1864.
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NGC 6509 is a galaxy in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the constellation Ophiuchus. It is a Sc type spiral galaxy.
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NGC 139 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on August 29, 1864 by the German astronomer Albert Marth.
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NGC 182 is a spiral galaxy with a ring structure, located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 25, 1790 by William Herschel.
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NGC 625 is a dwarf barred spiral galaxy about 12.7 Mly away in the constellation Phoenix. NGC 625 is a member of the Sculptor Group.
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NGC 7793 is a flocculent spiral galaxy about 12.7 million light-years away in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered in 1826 by James Dunlop.
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NGC 1425, also known as IC 1988, is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Fornax. It was discovered by William Herschel on Oct 9, 1790.
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NGC 1452 (or NGC 1455) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Eridanus. Located 80 milion light years away, it is one of the farther galaxies of the Eridanus cluster, a cluster of approximately 200 galaxies. It was discovered on October 6, 1785 by William Herschel. The galaxy has a Hubble classification of SB0-a, indicating it is a spiral galaxy with a bar.
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NGC 1241 is a barred spiral galaxy seen at an inclination. It has two well defined dusty spiral arms, and thus is characterised as a grand design spiral galaxy. The bulge is boxy, characteristic of a barred galaxy, with the arms emerging from each end of the bar, with the north one appearing more tightly wound than the southern. The main arms branch into smaller ones.
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Center of NGC 247 taken by Hubble Space Telescope. NGC 247 (also known as Caldwell 62) is an intermediate spiral galaxy (although it is sometimes classified as a dwarf spiral galaxy) about 11.1 Mly away in the constellation Cetus. This distance was confirmed in late February 2011. Previous measurements showed that the galaxy was about 12.2 Mly away, but this was proved to be wrong.
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Though they are visible as fuzzy objects in small telescopes, their structure is only visible in larger instruments. M95 is a barred spiral galaxy. M105 is about a degree away from the M95/M96 pair; it is an elliptical galaxy of the 9th magnitude, also about 20 million light-years from Earth. NGC 2903 is a barred spiral galaxy discovered by William Herschel in 1784.
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NGC 5982 belongs to a galaxy group known as the NGC 5982 group. Other members of the group include the galaxies NGC 5976, NGC 5981, NGC 5985, NGC 5987, and NGC 5989. NGC 5981, a spiral galaxy seen edge- on, lies at a separation of 6.3 arcminutes from NGC 5982 and NGC 5985, a spiral galaxy seen face-on, lies at a separation of 7.7 arcminutes.
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Arp 7 (PGC 24836) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Hydra. Redshift- independent measurements of its distance vary widely, from 5.9 Mpc to 83.7 Mpc. Its morphological classification is SB(rs)bc, meaning it is a barred spiral galaxy with some ring-like structure. Arp 7 was imaged by Halton Arp and included in his Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies under the category of 'split arm' galaxies.
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Another spiral galaxy in Aries is NGC 673, a face-on class SAB(s)c galaxy. It is a weakly barred spiral galaxy with loosely wound arms. It has no ring and a faint bulge and is 2.5 by 1.9 arcminutes. It has two primary arms with fragments located farther from the core. 171,000 light-years in diameter, NGC 673 is 235 million light-years from Earth.
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The M74 Group (also known as the NGC 628 Group) is a small group of galaxies in the constellation Pisces. The face-on spiral galaxy M74 (NGC 628) is the brightest galaxy within the group. Other members include the peculiar spiral galaxy NGC 660 and several smaller irregular galaxies . The M74 Group is one of many galaxy groups that lie within the Virgo Supercluster.
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NGC 172 is a spiral galaxy located around 136 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by astronomer Frank Muller.
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NGC 3949 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It is believed to be approximately 50 million light-years away from the Earth.
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NGC 6085 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Corona Borealis. It is classified as a LINER galaxy and is a member of Abell 2162.
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NGC 296 is a low surface brightness unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. The designation NGC 295 is sometimes mistakenly used for NGC 296.
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NGC 5030 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. The object was discovered on 17 March 1881 by the American astronomer Edward Singleton Holden.
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NGC 4517 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 40 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. It was discovered in 1784 by William Herschel.
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The New General Catalogue object NGC 48 is a barred spiral galaxy located approximately 79.3 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Andromeda.
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NGC 174 is a spiral galaxy around 159 million light-years away in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on 27 September 1834 by astronomer John Herschel.
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NGC 3596 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by William Herschel 1784. It is located below the star Theta Leonis (Chertan).
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Spiral Galaxy is an outdoor stainless steel sculpture by John David Mooney, installed outside the Adler Planetarium on Chicago's Northerly Island, in the U.S. state of Illinois.
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IC 167 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Aries. It was first reported by Bigourdan in 1891 and included in Dreyer's first Index Catalogue.
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MCG+01-02-015 was previously classified as an elliptical galaxy of class E2 although higher-resolution imaging has revealed it to be a barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 3185 is a spiral galaxy located 20.4 Mpc away in the Leo constellation. NGC 3185 is a member of a four-galaxy group called HCG 44.
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The galaxy may thus be a former late-type spiral galaxy which have exhausted most of its interstellar gas, either by star formation or by internal sweeping.
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NGC 38 (also known as MCG-1-1-47, Stephan XII, or PGC 818) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered in 1881.
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NGC 92 is a highly warped interacting unbarred spiral galaxy in Robert's Quartet; it is interacting with three neighbouring galaxies NGC 87, NGC 88 and NGC 89.
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NGC 5112 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. This galaxy is in close physical proximity to the edge-on dwarf spiral NGC 5107.
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NGC 7301 is a barred spiral galaxy located around away from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Preserved Leavenworth In 1886.
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NGC 920 is a barred spiral galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. The celestial object was discovered on September 11, 1885 by the American astronomer Lewis A. Swift.
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NGC 531 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda with a visual magnitude of 10.51. It is a distance of 65.7 Mpc from the sun.
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NGC 1347 is a barred spiral galaxy situated in constellation of Eridanus. It is at the distance 81 milion light years, it is a member of the Eridanus cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. NGC 1347 has a Hubble classification of SBc, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy. It is moving from away from the Milky Way at a rate of 1,760 km/s.
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NGC 6503 is a field dwarf spiral galaxy located at the edge of a region of space called the Local Void. The dwarf galaxy spans 30,000 light-years and lies approximately 17 million light-years away in the constellation of Draco (the Dragon). The spiral galaxy is especially colorful where bright red regions of gas can be seen scattered through its spiral arms. Bright blue regions contain stars that are forming.
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Messier 74 (also known as NGC 628 and Phantom Galaxy) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is at a distance of about 32 million light-years away from Earth. The galaxy contains two clearly defined spiral arms and is therefore used as an archetypal example of a grand design spiral galaxy. The galaxy's low surface brightness makes it the most difficult Messier object for amateur astronomers to observe.
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NGC 5713 is a peculiar, asymmetric galaxy in the constellation Virgo. Although classified as a spiral galaxy by most galaxy catalogs, NGC 5713 galaxy is very different from most normal spiral galaxies. While most spiral galaxies either have either two well-defined spiral arms or a filamentary spiral-like structure, this spiral galaxy has only one visible spiral arm in its disk. This makes it a galaxy of the Magellanic type.
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Hubble - de Vaucouleurs Galaxy Morphology Diagram 250px NGC 6782: a spiral galaxy (type SB(r)0/a) with three rings of different radii, as well as a bar. NGC 7793: a spiral galaxy of type SA(s)d. The Large Magellanic Cloud: a type SBm galaxy. The de Vaucouleurs system for classifying galaxies is a widely used extension to the Hubble sequence, first described by Gérard de Vaucouleurs in 1959.
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Eridanus contains the galaxies NGC 1232, NGC 1234, NGC 1291 and NGC 1300, a grand design barred spiral galaxy. NGC 1300 is a face-on barred spiral galaxy located 61 (plus or minus 8) million light-years away. The center of the bar shows an unusual structure: within the overall spiral structure, a grand design spiral that is 3,300 light-years in diameter exists. Its spiral arms are tightly wound.
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NGC 5247 is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy located some 60 million light years away in the constellation Virgo. It most likely belongs to the Virgo Supercluster of galaxies; the same supercluster that hosts the Milky Way galaxy. This is a grand design spiral galaxy that displays no indications of distortion caused by interaction with other galaxies. It has two spiral arms that bifurcate after wrapping halfway around the nucleus.
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NGC 3274 is a relatively faint spiral galaxy discovered by Wilhelm Herschel in 1783, and is located over 20 million light-years away in the constellation of Leo.
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NGC 472 is a spiral galaxy located roughly 220 million lightyears from earth in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on August 29, 1862 by Heinrich Louis d'Arrest.
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NGC 7019 is a spiral galaxy located about 480 million light-years away in the constellation of Capricornus. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1886.
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NGC 301 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 204 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller.
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NGC 4448 is a barred spiral galaxy with a prominent inner ring structure in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy is a member of the Coma I Group.
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NGC 5470 is a spiral galaxy located between 43 and 68 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel in 1830.
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NGC 5879 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco. The galaxy was discovered in 1788 by William Herschel. It is a member of the NGC 5866 Group.
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NGC 800, also called UGC 1526 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Cetus. It was first observed by the American astronomer Lewis Swift in 1885.
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NGC 5752 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes, member of Arp 297 interacting galaxies group of four galaxies: NGC 5752, NGC 5753, NGC 5754, NGC 5755.
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NGC 5829 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes that is interacting with the irregular galaxy IC 4526. Together, the two form the galaxy pair Arp 42.
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NGC 9 is a spiral galaxy about 140 million light years away in the Pegasus constellation. It was discovered on 27 September 1865 by Otto Wilhelm von Struve.
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NGC 3175 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Antlia at an approximate distance of 50.92 Mly. NGC 3175 was discovered in 1835 by John Herschel.
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NGC 5619 (also: NGC 5619A) is a Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. The celestial object was found on Aprid 10th 1828 by the British astronomer John Herschel.
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NGC 6902 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Sagittarius at an approximate distance of 131.80 Mly. NGC 6902 was discovered in 1836 by John Herschel.
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NGC 167 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 172 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Francis Preserved Leavenworth.
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NGC 4455 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices at an approximate distance of 28.06 Mly. NGC 4455 was discovered in 1785 by William Herschel.
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Herschel described the spiral galaxy as, "pretty faint, considerably large, round, very gradually little brighter middle, mottled but not resolved." On October 12, 1827, John Herschel observed it again.
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NGC 39 (also known as UGC 114, MCG 5-1-52, ZWG 499.76 or PGC 852) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered in 1790.
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NGC 98 is a barred spiral galaxy in the Phoenix constellation. The galaxy NGC 98 was discovered on September 6, 1834 by the British astronomer John Frederick William Herschel.
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NGC 469 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. With its distance being approximately 167 million light-years from Earth, it was discovered by Albert Marth in 1864.
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NGC 5755 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes, member of Arp 297 interacting galaxies group of four: NGC 5752, NGC 5753, NGC 5754, and NGC 5755.
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NGC 62 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is located at RA 00h 17m 05.4s, dec −13° 29′ 15″, and has an apparent magnitude of 13.5.
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NGC 63 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is located at RA 00h 17m 45.5s, dec −11° 27′ 01″, and has an apparent magnitude of 12.63.
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NGC 5614 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. It is the primary member of the Arp 178 triplet of interacting galaxies with NGC 5613 and NGC 5615.
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NGC 4500 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy was discovered in 1789 by William Herschel. Its distance from earth is approximately 44 million parsecs.
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NGC 7816 is a spiral galaxy located about 215 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on September 26, 1785.
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NGC 226 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 216 million light-years from the Sun in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on December 21, 1786 by William Herschel.
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NGC 7835 is a spiral galaxy located about 215 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on November 29, 1864.
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The Milky Way was once considered an ordinary spiral galaxy. Astronomers first began to suspect that the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy in the 1960s.Gerard de Vaucouleurs (1964), Interpretation of velocity distribution of the inner regions of the Galaxy Their suspicions were confirmed by Spitzer Space Telescope observations in 2005, which showed that the Milky Way's central bar is larger than was previously suspected. Milky Way Galaxy Spiral Arms – based on WISE data.
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NGC 4565 is a giant spiral galaxy more luminous than the Andromeda Galaxy.Globular Cluster Systems in Galaxies Beyond the Local Group Much speculation exists in literature as to the nature of the central bulge. In the absence of clear-cut dynamical data on the motions of stars in the bulge, the photometric data alone cannot adjudge among various options put forth. However, its exponential shape suggested that it is a barred spiral galaxy.
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NGC 4603 is a spiral galaxy located about 107 million light years away in the constellation Centaurus. It is a member of the Centaurus Cluster of galaxies, belonging to the section designated "Cen30". The morphological classification is SA(s)c, which indicates it is a pure spiral galaxy with relatively loosely wound arms. During 1999, this galaxy was the subject of an extended study using the Hubble Space Telescope to locate Cepheid variable stars.
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NGC 3169 is a spiral galaxy about 75 million light years away in the constellation Sextans. It has the morphological classification SA(s)a pec, which indicates this is a pure, unbarred spiral galaxy with tightly-wound arms and peculiar features. There is an asymmetrical spiral arm and an extended halo around the galaxy. This is a LINER 2 galaxy that displays an extended emission of X-rays in the region of the nucleus.
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NGC 7066 is a spiral galaxy located about 210 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7066 was discovered by astronomer Lewis Swift on August 31, 1886.
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NGC 3749 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Centaurus at an approximate distance of 130.52 million light-years. NGC 3749 was discovered in 1835 by John Herschel.
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NGC 7259 is a spiral galaxy approximately 66 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 28, 1834.
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NGC 7073 is a spiral galaxy located about 230 million light-years away in the constellation of Capricornus. NGC 7073 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on August 25, 1864.
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NGC 480 is a spiral galaxy located about 546 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Cetus. NGC 480 was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth In 1886.
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Virgo cluster Messier 91 is also classified as an anemic galaxy -i.e., a spiral galaxy with low star formation and content of gas compared with other galaxies of its type-.
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LEDA 135657 is a distant low surface brightness spiral galaxy located about 570 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus. It has an estimated diameter of 97,000 light-years.
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NGC 820 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Aries about 210 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel in 1828.
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NGC 7081 is a spiral galaxy located about 130 million light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius. NGC 7081 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on October 10, 1790.
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NGC 1803 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Pictor at an approximate distance of 192.48 million light years. NGC 1803 was discovered in 1834 by John Herschel.
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NGC 7085 is a spiral galaxy located about 365 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7085 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on August 3, 1864.
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NGC 468 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. With its distance being approximately 209 million lightyears from earth, it was discovered by John Frederick William Herschel in 1827.
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NGC 478 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is located approximately 283 million light-years from Earth and was discovered in 1886 by astronomer Francis Preserved Leavenworth.
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NGC 207 is a spiral galaxy roughly 178 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on December 7, 1857, by R. J. Mitchell.
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NGC 208 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 229 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 5, 1863 by Albert Marth.
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NGC 177 is an unbarred spiral galaxy with a distinct ring structure, located around 200 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller.
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NGC 880 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus about 590 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1886.
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NGC 2541 is an unbarred spiral galaxy located about 40 million light-years away. It is in the NGC 2841 group of galaxies with NGC 2500, NGC 2537, and NGC 2552.
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NGC 7059 is a nearby spiral galaxy located about 70 million light-years away in the constellation of Pavo. NGC 7059 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on July 22, 1835.
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NGC 482 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Phoenix. It is located approximately 277 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on October 23, 1835 by astronomer John Herschel.
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NGC 3717 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Hydra at an approximate distance of 81.43 million light years. NGC 3717 was discovered in 1834 by Sir John Herschel.
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NGC 483 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is located approximately 192 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on November 11, 1827 by astronomer John Herschel.
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NGC 5640 is a spiral galaxy approximately 660 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Camelopardalis. It was discovered by British astronomer William Herschel on December 20, 1797.
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NGC 4454 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 123 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4454 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 17, 1784.
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NGC 620 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda about 123 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the French astronomer Édouard Stephan in 1871.
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NGC 782 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus about 160 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel in 1834.
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NGC 824 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Fornax about 260 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel in 1837.
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NGC 7095 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 115 million light-years away in the constellation of Octans. NGC 7095 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 21, 1837.
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NGC 769 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Triangulum about 197 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Truman Safford in 1866.
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NGC 5705 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. NGC 5705 is part of a small group of spiral galaxies that also includes NGC 5691, NGC 5713, and NGC 5719.
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NGC 5753 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. This is a member of the Arp 297 interacting galaxies group of four: NGC 5752, NGC 5753, NGC 5754, NGC 5755.
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NGC 477 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. It is located approximately 250 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on October 18, 1786 by astronomer William Herschel.
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NGC 622 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus about 234 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by British astronomer William Herschel in 1785.
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NGC 325 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small".
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NGC 223 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 238 million light-years from earth. it is located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on January 5, 1853 by George Bond.
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NGC 819 is a spiral galaxy approximately 302 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Triangulum. It forms a visual pair with the galaxy NGC 816 5.7' WNW.
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NGC 3109 is classified as a Magellanic type irregular galaxy, but it may in fact be a small spiral galaxy. If it is a spiral galaxy, it would be the smallest in the Local Group. NGC 3109 has a mass of about 2.3×109 times the mass of the Sun, of which 20% is in the form of neutral hydrogen. It is oriented edge-on from our point of view, and may contain a disk and a halo.
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ESO 510-G13 is a spiral galaxy approximately 150 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The equatorial dust cloud is heavily warped; this may indicate that ESO 510-G13 has interacted with another galaxy. If this is the case, it would provide an excellent illustration of the distortion caused by interacting galaxies, discussed in the article Galaxy formation and evolution under the Spiral galaxy heading. This galaxy was examined by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2001.
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NGC 2 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus, discovered by Lawrence Parsons, 4th Earl of Rosse on 20 August 1873, and was described as "very faint, small, south of NGC 1." It lies slightly to the south of NGC 1. It is a faint spiral galaxy of apparent magnitude 14.2. NGC 2 is about 115,000 light years in diameter, but is 3 to 5 more luminous than the Milky Way as it is quite compact.
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NGC 721 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda about 250 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the Prussian astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest in 1862.
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NGC 3877 is a type Sc spiral galaxy that was discovered by William Herschel on February 5, 1788. It is located below the magnitude 3.7 star Chi Ursae Majoris in Ursa Major.
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NGC 491 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 161 million light-years away from Earth, in the constellation Sculptor. NGC 491 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 25, 1834.
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NGC 3953 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy is known to exhibit an inner ring structure that encircles the bar. NGC 3953 with amateur telescope.
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NGC 825 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus, estimated to be 154 million light-years away. The object was discovered by the astronomer Albert Marth on November 18, 1863.
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NGC 803 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Aries about 70 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the German–British astronomer William Herschel in 1784.
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NGC 937 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda about 251 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the French astronomer Édouard Stephan in 1884.
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NGC 706 is a spiral galaxy located in the Pisces constellation about 230 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the German–British astronomer William Herschel in 1786.
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NGC 4746 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located 107 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by John Herschel during a sky- survey on March 29, 1830.
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NGC 767 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus about 241 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1886.
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NGC 768 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus about 314 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Lewis Swift in 1885.
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NGC 690 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus about 236 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1885.
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NGC 713 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of the Cetus about 234 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1886.
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NGC 101 is a spiral galaxy estimated to be about 150 million light-years away in the constellation of Sculptor. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1834 and its magnitude is 12.8.
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NGC 109 is a spiral galaxy estimated to be about 240 million light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest in 1861 and its magnitude is 13.7.
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NGC 107 is a spiral galaxy estimated to be about 280 million light-years away in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by Otto Struve in 1866 and its magnitude is 14.2.
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Alice E. Shapley is a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in the Department of Physics and Astronomy.Alice Shapley She was one of the discoverers of the spiral galaxy BX442.
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NGC 4216 is a metal-rich intermediate spiral galaxy located not far from the center of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies, roughly 55 million light-years away. It is seen nearly edge-on.
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NGC 7773 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Pegasus at an approximate distance of 400 million light years. NGC 7773 was discovered on October 9, 1790 by William Herschel.
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NGC 4710 is an edge-on spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices. Its prominent x-shaped structure reveals the existence of an underlying bar. NGC 4710 possesses both thin and thick discs.
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DDO 82 (also known as PGC 30997, UGC 5692, MCG+12-10-045 or CGCG 333-35) is a Magellanic spiral galaxy lies 13 million light years away in the constellation Ursa Major.
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The estimate could also be effected by gravitational lensing, although it is too far away from the nearest visible object that could produce that effect: a foreground spiral galaxy located 7″.3 distant.
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NGC 812 is a spiral galaxy located in the Andromeda constellation, an estimated 175 million light-years from the Milky Way. NGC 812 was discovered on December 11, 1876 by astronomer Édouard Stephan.
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NGC 4654 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Virgo at a distance of 55 million light years (16.8 megaparsecs) from the Milky Way that can be spotted with amateur telescopes.
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NGC 4388 is an active spiral galaxy located in the Virgo Cluster. NGC 4388 is also considered to be one of the brightest galaxies in the Virgo Cluster due to its luminous nucleus.
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The Whirlpool Galaxy, also known as Messier 51a, M51a, and NGC 5194, is an interacting grand-design spiral galaxy with a Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus. It lies in the constellation Canes Venatici, and was the first galaxy to be classified as a spiral galaxy. Its distance is estimated to be 23 million light-years away from Earth. The galaxy and its companion, NGC 5195, are easily observed by amateur astronomers, and the two galaxies may be seen with binoculars.
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NGC 3259 is a barred spiral galaxy located approximately 90 million light- years from Earth, in the Ursa Major constellation. It has the morphological classification SAB(rs)bc, which indicates that it is a spiral galaxy with a weak bar across the nucleus (SAB), an incomplete inner ring structure circling the bar (rs), and moderate to loosely wound spiral arms (bc). This galaxy is a known source of X-ray emission and it has an active galactic nucleus of the Seyfert 2 type.
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NGC 4236 (also known as Caldwell 3) is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. The galaxy is a member of the M81 Group, a group of galaxies located at a distance of approximately 11.7 Mly (3.6 Mpc) from Earth. The group also contains the spiral galaxy Messier 81 and the starburst galaxy Messier 82. NGC 4236 is located away from the central part of the M81 group at a distance of 14.5 Mly (4.45 Mpc) from Earth.
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There are many other galaxies located in Hydra. NGC 3314, usually delineated as NGC 3314a and NGC 3314b, is a pair of galaxies that appear superimposed, despite the fact that they are not related or interacting in any way. The foreground galaxy, NGC 3314a, is at a distance of 140 million light-years, and is a face-on spiral galaxy. The background galaxy, NGC 3314b, is an oblique spiral galaxy, and has a nucleus that appears reddened because of NGC 3314a's dusty disk.
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BX442 (Q2343-BX442) is a grand design spiral galaxy of type Sc. It has a companion dwarf galaxy. It is the most distant known grand design spiral galaxy in the universe, with a redshift of z=2.1765 ± 0.0001. Although commonly referred to as the oldest known grand design spiral galaxy in the universe, it is more accurately the earliest such galaxy known to exist in the universe, with a lookback time (the difference between the age of the universe now and the age of the universe at the time light left the galaxy ) of 10.7 billion years in the concordance cosmology. This time estimate means that structure seen in BX442 developed roughly 3 billion years after the Big Bang, 10 kiloparsecs (30,000 ly) in diameter, and has a mass of .
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NGC 539 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus south. It is estimated to be 429 million light years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 200,000 ly.
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NGC 105 is a spiral galaxy estimated to be about 240 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered by Édouard Stephan in 1884 and its apparent magnitude is 14.1.
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NGC 668 is a spiral galaxy located 200 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on December 4, 1880 and is a member of Abell 262.
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NGC 7090 is a spiral galaxy lying in the southern constellation of Indus and located about thirty million light-years from the Sun. Astronomer John Herschel first observed this galaxy on 4 October 1834.
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NGC 1015 is a barred spiral galaxy, at a distance of 118 million light years in the constellation of Cetus (The Whale). The galaxy is host to SN 2009ig, a typical type 1a supernova.
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NGC 452 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered in 1827 by Sir John Herschel. It is about 5 arcminutes west of NGC 444. Image taken by 2MASS.
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NGC 5201 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on April 14, 1789 by German-born British astronomer William Herschel. It is about 384 million light years away.
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NGC 19 is a spiral galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. It was discovered by Lewis Swift on 20 September 1885. It is often incorrectly listed as a duplicate of NGC 21. File:NGC 0019 2MASS.
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NGC 2573 (also known as Polarissima Australis) is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Octans, discovered in 1837 by John Herschel. It is the closest NGC object to the South Celestial Pole.
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NGC 7610 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus. Discovered by Andrew Ainslie Common in August 1880, it was accidentally "rediscovered" by him the same month, and later given the designation NGC 7616.
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NGC 141 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. Discovered by Albert Marth on August 29, 1864, it is about 525 million light-years away and is approximately 100,000 light-years across.
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It is also possible that the galaxy is a spiral galaxy that was misclassified as a lenticular galaxy because of its edge-on orientation, in which case the dust lane would not be too unusual.
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NGC 72 is a barred spiral galaxy estimated to be about 320 million light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by R. J. Mitchell in 1855 and its magnitude is 13.5.
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NGC 570 is a barred spiral galaxy. It is located in the Cetus constellation about 250 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer George Mary Searle in 1867.
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NGC 317 is a pair of interacting galaxies, consisting of a lenticular galaxy (PGC 3442) and a spiral galaxy (PGC 3345), in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 1, 1885 by Lewis Swift.
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NGC 4041 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a spiral galaxy in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. It is located an estimated 70 million light years from the Sun. The morphological classification of SA(rs)bc indicates this is a spiral galaxy the lacks a bar; the 'rs' means it has a weakly-formed ring structure, and the 'bc' indicates the spiral arms are moderately to loosely wound. The galaxy is inclined by around 20° to the line of sight from the Earth.
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NGC 7331, also known as Caldwell 30, is an unbarred spiral galaxy about away in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1784.The NGC/IC Project : NGC Discoverers List by Bob Erdmann. NGC 7331 is the brightest galaxy in the field of a visual grouping known as the NGC 7331 Group of galaxies. The other members of the group are the lenticular or unbarred spirals NGC 7335 and 7336, the barred spiral galaxy NGC 7337 and the elliptical galaxy NGC 7340.
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NGC 4444 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Centaurus. The morphological classification places it midway on the continuum between a barred spiral (SB) and an unbarred spiral (SA), with an inner region that lies between a ring-like (r) and a purely spiral form (s), and medium- (b) to loosely wound (c) outer spiral arms. This makes it a hybrid ringed, barred spiral galaxy. It has an angular size of and the estimated mass M is given log M = 9.76, yielding solar masses.
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PGC 6240, known as the White Rose Galaxy, is a giant spiral galaxy surrounded by shells resembling rose petals, located around 345 million light years from the Solar System. Unusually, it has cohorts of globular clusters of three distinct ages suggesting bouts of post-starburst formation following a merger with another galaxy. The constellation also contains a spiral galaxy, NGC 1511, which lies edge on to observers on Earth and is readily viewed in amateur telescopes. Located mostly in Dorado, the Large Magellanic Cloud extends into Hydrus.
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NGC 7714 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered by John Herschel on 18 September 1830. NGC 7714 and NGC 7715 are interacting galaxies. The pair are also known as Arp 284.
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NGC 3949 is a member of the M109 Group, a group of galaxies located in the constellation Ursa Major that may contain over 50 galaxies. The brightest galaxy in the group is the spiral galaxy M109.
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NGC 3877 is a member of the M109 Group, a group of galaxies located in the constellation Ursa Major that may contain over 50 galaxies. The brightest galaxy in the group is the spiral galaxy M109.
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NGC 7459 is a twin spiral galaxy of magnitude 15.2 located within the constellation Pisces. It was discovered by Lewis Swift in 1886 with a 16-inch refractor. The galactic nuclei are only 15 arcsec apart.
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Messier 88 (also known as M88 or NGC 4501) is a spiral galaxy about 50 to 60 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1781.
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NGC 1483 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the southern constellation of Horologium and member of the Dorado Group. The nebulous galaxy features a bright central bulge and diffuse arms with distinct star-forming regions.
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The predominant part of the radio emission in the Hydra Cluster comes from NGC 3309. The radio emission in NGC 3309 may have been triggered by a resent perturbation with the giant spiral galaxy NGC 3312.
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NGC 992 is a spiral galaxy in the Aries constellation and is estimated to be 188 million light years from the Milky Way. NGC 992 was discovered by astronomers Lewis A. Swift on September 6, 1886.
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NGC 470 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. Its distance being approximately 91 million lightyears from earth, it was discovered by Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel in 1784. The galaxy also weakly interacts with NGC 474.
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NGC 5714 is a spiral galaxy located 130 million light-years away in the constellation of Boötes (the Herdsman). It was discovered by William Herschel in 1787. This galaxy is about 130 million light-years away.
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NGC 4531 is a spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 17, 1784. NGC 4531 is member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 3867 is a spiral galaxy located about 350 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on March 23, 1884 and is a member of the Leo Cluster.
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Spiral galaxy NGC 1345 The bulk of the stars in a spiral galaxy are located either close to a single plane (the galactic plane) in more or less conventional circular orbits around the center of the galaxy (the Galactic Center), or in a spheroidal galactic bulge around the galactic core. However, some stars inhabit a spheroidal halo or galactic spheroid, a type of galactic halo. The orbital behaviour of these stars is disputed, but they may exhibit retrograde and/or highly inclined orbits, or not move in regular orbits at all. Halo stars may be acquired from small galaxies which fall into and merge with the spiral galaxy—for example, the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy is in the process of merging with the Milky Way and observations show that some stars in the halo of the Milky Way have been acquired from it.
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An unbarred lenticular galaxy is a lenticular version of an unbarred spiral galaxy. They have the Hubble type of SA0. An example of this is the galaxy, AM 0644-741. For other examples see :Category:Unbarred lenticular galaxies.
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NGC 166 (also known as PGC 2143) is a spiral galaxy located around 2.6 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus, with an apparent magnitude of 15.18. It was discovered by Francis Preserved Leavenworth in 1886.
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NGC 624 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus, which is about 264 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered on November 28, 1785 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.
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NGC 73 is a spiral galaxy estimated to be about 350 million light-years away in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by Lewis A. Swift from the USA in 1886 and its magnitude is 13.7.
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Since a supernova explosion roughly occurs in a typical spiral galaxy every 100 years, astronomers use high-resolution images of NGC 3982 and other galaxies to detect stars which are nearing a similar explosive descent into supernovae.
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NGC 6394 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is designated as SBb in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the American astronomer Lewis A. Swift on 7 July 1885.
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NGC 4102 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. The galaxy contains a LINER region and a starburst region. The starburst region is in diameter containing some 3 billion solar masses.
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IC 4970 is an unbarred lenticular galaxy of type ' in the constellation Pavo. It is from Earth and is interacting with the barred spiral galaxy . It was discovered on 21 September 1900 by American astronomer DeLisle Stewart.
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NGC 840 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus south of the ecliptic. It is estimated to be about 300 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 175,000 ly.
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PGC 54493 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 490 million light-years away in the constellation Serpens. It is part of a galaxy group called Abell 2052. It has an estimated diameter of 140,000 light-years.
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NGC 5003 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici.Galaxy NGC 5003 - Deep Sky Objects Browser. Retrieved March 7, 2017 The celestial object was discovered on April 9, 1787, by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.
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UGC 480 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 500 million light-years from the Sun in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 17, 1876 by Édouard Stephan, and is interacting with the galaxy PGC 2726.
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NGC 532 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. The galaxy is 91 million licht years (27,9 × 106 parsec) away from Earth and was discovered on September 21st 1786 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.
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NGC 3859 is a spiral galaxy located about 295 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on March 23, 1884. The galaxy is a member of the Leo Cluster.
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NGC 3864 is a spiral galaxy located about 330 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on March 23, 1884. It is a member of the Leo Cluster.
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NGC 1316 is located within the Fornax Cluster, a cluster of galaxies in the constellation Fornax. However, in contrast to Messier 87, which is a similar elliptical galaxy that is located in the center of the Virgo Cluster, NGC 1316 is located at the edge of the Fornax Cluster. NGC 1316 appears to be interacting with NGC 1317, a small spiral galaxy to the north. However, that small spiral galaxy does not appear to be sufficiently large enough to cause the distortions seen in the structure of this galaxy.
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NGC 4800 is an isolated spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 1, 1788. The morphological classification of this galaxy is SA(rs)b, indicating a spiral galaxy with no visual bar at the nucleus (SA), an incomplete ring structure (rs), and moderately-tightly wound spiral arms (b). The galactic plane is inclined to the line of sight by an angle of 43°, and the long axis is oriented along a position angle of 25°.
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NGC 2535 is an unbarred spiral galaxy exhibiting a weak inner ring structure around the nucleus in the constellation Cancer that is interacting with NGC 2536. The interaction has warped the disk and spiral arms of NGC 2535, producing an elongated structure, visible at ultraviolet wavelengths, that contain many bright, recently formed blue star clusters in addition to enhanced star forming regions around the galaxy center. The two galaxies are listed together in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as an example of a spiral galaxy with a high surface brightness companion.
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NGC 4536 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo located about 10° south of the midpoint of the Virgo cluster. However, it is not considered a member of the cluster but is a member of the Virgo II Groups which form a southern extension of the Virgo Cluster. The morphological classification in the De Vaucouleurs system is SAB(rs)bc, which indicates it is a weakly barred spiral galaxy with a hint of an inner ring structure plus moderate to loosely wound arms. It does not have a classical bulge around the nucleus.
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NGC 351 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 10, 1885 by Lewis Swift. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, pretty small, northwestern of 2.", the other being NGC 353.
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NGC 3336 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 190 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 24, 1835. NGC 3336 is a member of the Hydra Cluster.
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NGC 165 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1882 by Wilhelm Tempel and was described by as "faint, large, star in centre, eastern of 2" by John Louis Emil Dreyer.
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Messier 90 (also known as M90 and NGC 4569) is an intermediate spiral galaxy exhibiting a weak inner ring structure about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1781.
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NGC 7032 is a spiral galaxy located about 140 million light-years away in the constellation Pavo. It has an estimated diameter of 71,370 light-years. NGC 7032 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on July 20, 1835.
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SN 2005bc was a Type Ia supernova occurring in the Barred spiral galaxy NGC 5698 in the constellation of Boötes. SN 2005bc was discovered on 2 April 2005 by LOSS and independently by Tim Puckett and L. Cox.
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NGC 3059 is a barred spiral galaxy. It is located in the constellation of Carina.NGC 3059 The galaxy can be described as being faint, large, and irregularly round. It was discovered on February 22, 1835 by John Herschel.
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NGC 4701 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the New General Catalogue, located in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by the English astronomer William Herschel in 1786 with a 47.5 cm (18.7 inch) diameter mirror type telescope.
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NGC 3307 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 185 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 22, 1836 and is a member of the Hydra Cluster.
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318, no. 2, p. 81, Most low-surface- brightness galaxies are field galaxies."An Introduction to Galaxies and Cosmology", David J. Adams and others The median Hubble-type of field galaxies is Sb, a type of spiral galaxy.
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NGC 3005 is an edge-on spiral galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major, discovered by Bindon Stoney on January 25th, 1851. It has an apparent magnitude of 16.00, at a distance of 141 Kpc from the sun.
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NGC 4207 is a spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on March 23, 1865. NGC 4207 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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HIPASS J0731-69 is a cloud of gas devoid of any stars. It is associated with the asymmetric spiral galaxy NGC 2442. It is likely that HIPASS J0731-69 was torn loose from NGC 2442 by a companion.
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NGC 353 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 10, 1885 by Lewis Swift. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, pretty small, round, southeastern of 2.", the other being NGC 351.
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NGC 3313 is a large barred spiral galaxy located about 55 megaparsecs (180 million light-years) away in the constellation Hydra. It was discovered by astronomer Ormond Stone in 1886 and is an outlying member of the Hydra Cluster.
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NGC 4305 is a dwarf spiral galaxy located about 100 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on May 2, 1829. The galaxy has a nearby major companion; NGC 4306.
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NGC 4252 is a spiral galaxy approximately 56 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Virgo. It belongs to the Virgo cluster of galaxies. It was discovered by German astronomer Albert Marth on May 26, 1864.
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NGC 210 is a barred spiral galaxy located roughly 67 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 3, 1785 by William Herschel and later added to the New General Catalogue.
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NGC 6907 by 2MASS. NGC 6908 can be seen at the eastern arm. NGC 6907 is a grand design spiral galaxy with two spiral arms. It has an elliptical bulge that is skewed towards the base of the arms.
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NGC 7040 Is a spiral galaxy located about 260 million light-years away in the constellation of Equuleus. It has an estimated diameter of 42,600 light-years. NGC 7040 was discovered by astronomer Mark Harrington on August 18, 1882.
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Massachusetts-based MathWorks created a Simulink model titled Spiral Galaxy Formation Simulation for use within their MATLAB programming environment. The company states that their computer animation model was inspired by the original Galactic Bridges and Tails paper and film.
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NGC 4595 is a spiral galaxy located about 42 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. NGC 4595 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on January 14, 1787. NGC 4595 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 3285 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 200 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 24, 1835. NGC 3285 is a member of the Hydra Cluster.
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NGC 4544 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 52 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4544 was discovered by astronomer Edward Swift on April 27, 1887. NGC 4544 is member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 4440 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4440 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 17, 1784. It is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 694 is a spiral galaxy approximately 136 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Aries. It was discovered by German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest on December 2, 1861 with the 11-inch refractor at Copenhagen.
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NGC 7837 is a spiral galaxy located about 470 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on November 29, 1864. NGC 7837 appears to interact with NGC 7838 forming Arp 246.
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NGC 7714 appears to be a highly distorted spiral, possibly a barred spiral galaxy. NGC 7715 is of uncertain type, probably an edge-on spiral or an irregular galaxy. Supernova 1999dn was observed in NGC 7714 on September 19, 1999.
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NGC 112 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered by American astronomer Lewis Swift on September 17, 1885. The galaxy lies approximately 295 Million light-years from earth, and is about 75,000 light-years in diameter.
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The galaxy is characterised as a barred spiral galaxy. At both ends of the bar HII regions are present. There is also evidence of a fainter inner bar. The fainter outer arms of the galaxy form a nearly complete ring.
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NGC 4523 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy located about 35 to 50 million light- years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on April 19, 1865. NGC 4523 is member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 688 is a barred spiral galaxy with starburst activity located 190 million light-years away in the constellation Triangulum. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on September 16, 1865 and is a member of the galaxy cluster Abell 262.
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NGC 2798 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Lynx. NGC 2798 and NGC 2799 are listed under the Arp Catalogue as Arp 283 and noted as an "interacting galaxy pair". The galaxy is listed in the New General Catalogue.
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NGC 7030 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 380 million light-years away in the constellation Capricornus. NGC 7030 has an estimated diameter of 133,510 light-years. NGC 7030 was discovered by astronomer Francis Preserved Leavenworth on September 3, 1885.
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NGC 3982 is an intermediate spiral galaxy approximately 68 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It is also known as UGC 6918. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789 and misclassified as planetary nebula.NGC 3982.
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In the Archie Comics, Dimension X is a spiral galaxy in which numerous inhabited (or habitable) worlds are located. It was originally governed by theocrats, banishing all warlords. Later, there's a conflict between the Imperial Aerwyl Fleet and the Nova Squadron.
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ESO 269-57 is a large spiral galaxy located about 150 million light-years away in the constellation Centaurus. ESO 269-57 has a diameter of about 200,000 light-years. It is part of group of galaxies known as LGG 342.
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NGC 4466 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4466 was discovered by astronomer Bindon Stoney on February 26, 1851. The galaxy is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 336 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 31, 1885 by Francis Leavenworth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, small, round, suddenly brighter middle." It is also known as PGC 3470.
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It also has a halo of globular clusters, indicating its age and relative stability. NGC 2950 is a lenticular galaxy located 60 million light-years from Earth. NGC 3079 is a starburst spiral galaxy located 52 million light-years from Earth.
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NGC 327 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It is described by Dreyer as "faint, small, extended." It is nearby galaxies NGC 329, NGC 325 and NGC 321.
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NGC 585 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus , which is about 245 million light-years from the Milky Way 's center. The object was discovered on December 20, 1827 by the British astronomer John Frederick William Herschel.
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NGC 7199 is a spiral galaxy registered in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the direction of the Indus constellation. It was discovered by the English astronomer John Herschel in 1835 using a 47.5 cm (18.7 inch) reflector.
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NGC 4607 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 56 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4607 was discovered by astronomer R. J. Mitchell on April 24, 1854. The galaxy is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 5002 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy in Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest in 1865. It is also known as MCG 6-29-51, PGC 45728, UGC 8254. It has an apparent size of 1.7 by 1.0 arcmin.
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IC 2560 is a spiral galaxy lying over 110 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Antlia. It has a distinct bar structure in the center. The supermassive black hole at the core has a mass of .
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In the Hubble classification scheme, spiral galaxies are listed as type S, followed by a letter (a, b, or c) which indicates the degree of tightness of the spiral arms and the size of the central bulge. An Sa galaxy has tightly wound, poorly defined arms and possesses a relatively large core region. At the other extreme, an Sc galaxy has open, well-defined arms and a small core region. A galaxy with poorly defined arms is sometimes referred to as a flocculent spiral galaxy; in contrast to the grand design spiral galaxy that has prominent and well-defined spiral arms.
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NGC 4244, also known as Caldwell 26, is an edge-on loose spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici, and is part of the M94 Group or Canes Venatici I Group, a galaxy group relatively close to the Local Group containing the Milky Way.. It is located near the yellow naked-eye star, Beta Canum Venaticorum, but also near the barred spiral galaxy NGC 4151 and irregular galaxy NGC 4214. At +10.2v or 10.7B magnitude, NGC 4244 lies approximately 4.1 megaparsecs (14 million light years) away. A nuclear star cluster and halo is located near the centre of this galaxy.
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NGC 772, with a notated supernova NGC 772 is a spiral galaxy with an integrated magnitude of 10.3, located southeast of β Arietis and 15 arcminutes west of 15 Arietis. It is a relatively bright galaxy and shows obvious nebulosity and ellipticity in an amateur telescope. It is 7.2 by 4.2 arcminutes, meaning that its surface brightness, magnitude 13.6, is significantly lower than its integrated magnitude. NGC 772 is a class SA(s)b galaxy, which means that it is an unbarred spiral galaxy without a ring that possesses a somewhat prominent bulge and spiral arms that are wound somewhat tightly.
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A Spitzer Space Telescope image of Messier 81, a grand design spiral. A grand design spiral galaxy is a type of spiral galaxy with prominent and well- defined spiral arms, as opposed to multi-arm and flocculent spirals which have subtler structural features. The spiral arms of a grand design galaxy extend clearly around the galaxy through many radians and can be observed over a large fraction of the galaxy's radius. As of 2002, approximately 10 percent of all currently known spiral galaxies are classified as grand design type spirals, including M51, M74, M81, M83, and M101.
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NGC 1142 is a spiral galaxy which interacts with the elliptical galaxy NGC 1141. The linear separation of the two galaxies is 40 arcseconds, which corresponds to about 20 kiloparsecs at the distance of NGC 1142. The closest encounter took place 22 million years before the observed moment and created a density wave across NGC 1142, which resulted in the formation of knots of gas and stars, and led to the distortion of the spiral galaxy, creating a knotty loop or ring that extends towards NGC 1141 and an off-centre nucleus. A stellar bridge connects the two galaxies.
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Located 42 million light- years away, it is moving away from the Solar System at a rate of 616 km per second. In 2000, a star within the galaxy brightened to magnitude 17.4, and has since been determined to be a luminous blue variable and supernova impostor. NGC 3003, a SBbc barred spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of 12.3 and an angular size of 5.8 arcminutes, is seen almost edge-on. NGC 3344, 25 million light-years distant, is face-on towards Earth. Measuring 7.1 by 6.5 arcminutes in size, it has an apparent magnitude of 10.45. NGC 3504 is a starburst barred spiral galaxy of apparent magnitude 11.67 and measuring 2.1 by 2.7 arcminutes. It has hosted supernovae in 1998 and 2001. It and the spiral galaxy NGC 3486 are also almost face-on towards Earth; the latter is of magnitude 11.05 and measures 7.1 by 5.2 arcminutes. NGC 2859 is an SB0-type lenticular galaxy.
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NGC 606 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the Pisces constellation about 470 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the French astronomer Édouard Stephan in 1881. SN 2016fmt, a type II supernova, occurred in NGC 606.
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NGC 522, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5218 or UGC 970, is a spiral galaxy located approximately 122 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on 25 September 1862 by astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest.
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NGC 1264 is a low-surface-brightness barred spiral galaxy located about 145 million light-years away in the constellation Perseus. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on October 19, 1884. NGC 1264 is a member of the Perseus Cluster.
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La Superba (Y CVn) is one of the reddest naked-eye stars and one of the brightest carbon stars. The Whirlpool Galaxy is a spiral galaxy tilted face-on to observers on Earth, and was the first galaxy whose spiral nature was discerned.
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NGC 6181 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hercules. It is designated as SB(rs)c in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by William Herschel on 28 April 1788. The galaxy is 107 million light years away.
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NGC 669 is an edge-on spiral galaxy with an active galactic nucleus located 200 million light-years away in the constellation Triangulum. NGC 669 was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on November 28, 1883 and is a member of Abell 262.
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NGC 487 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 250 million Light-years away from Earth in the constellation Cetus. NGC 487's calculated velocity is 5949 km/s. NGC 487 was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth on November 28, 1885.
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Dust filaments of NGC 4217. NGC 4217 is an edge-on spiral galaxy which lies approximately 60 million light-years (18 million parsecs) away in the constellation of Canes Venatici. It is a possible companion galaxy to M106 (also known as NGC 4258).
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NGC 201 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is one of the group members of HCG 7, with the other group members NGC 192, NGC 196, and NGC 197. It was discovered on December 28, 1790 by William Herschel.
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NGC 4092 is a spiral galaxy located 310 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 2, 1864. NGC 4092 is a member of the NGC 4065 Group and hosts an AGN.
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List of Supernovae IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 29 December 2015. NGC 936 forms a pair with the spiral galaxy NGC 941, at 12.6' separation, however, the two galaxies do not interact.Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994), The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies.
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NGC 4540 is a spiral galaxy with type 1 seyfert activity located about 64 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. NGC 4540 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 21, 1784 and is member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 902 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is estimated to be 314 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 50,000 ly. NGC 902 was discovered on November 28, 1885 by Francis Leavenworth.
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NGC 861 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Triangulum. It is estimated to be 360 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 165,000 light-years. The object was discovered on September 18, 1865 by Heinrich d'Arrest.
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NGC 1022 is a barred spiral galaxy located at approximately 66 million light years away in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered on September 10, 1785 by William Herschel. It was observed as part of a hubble study of black holes.
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NGC 6045 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 450 million light-years away in the constellation Hercules. NGC 6045 was discovered by astronomer Lewis Swift on June 27, 1886 and is a member of the Hercules Cluster. It is also a LINER galaxy.
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NGC 4299 is a spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. NGC 4299 forms an interacting pair with NGC 4294.
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NGC 2326 (also known as PGC 20218) is a barred spiral galaxy in the Lynx constellation. It was discovered by William Herschel on 9 February, 1788. Its apparent magnitude is 14.3 and its size is 2.71 arc minutes. It is located near NGC 2326A.
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NGC 7056 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 225 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7056 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on September 17, 1863. It was then rediscovered by astronomer Truman Henry Safford on September 29, 1866.
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NGC 7064 is a nearby edge-on barred spiral galaxy located about 35 million light-years away in the constellation of Indus. NGC 7064 has an estimated diameter of 51,000 light-years. NGC 7064 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on July 8, 1834.
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NGC 178 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. The compiler of the New General Catalogue, John Louis Emil Dreyer noted that NGC 178 was "faint, small, much extended 0°, brighter middle". It was discovered on November 3, 1885 by Ormond Stone.
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NGC 7072 is a spiral galaxy located about 210 million light-years away in the constellation of Grus. NGC 7072 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 5, 1834. NGC 7072 is a member of the NGC 7060 group, a small group of galaxies.
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NGC 489 is probably an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 97 million Light- years away from Earth in the constellation Pisces. NGC 489's calculated velocity is 2507 km/s. NGC 489 was discovered by German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest on December 22, 1862.
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NGC 7098 is a doubled barred spiral galaxy located about 95 million light- years away from Earth in the constellation of Octans. NGC 7098 has an estimated diameter of 152,400 light-years. NGC 7098 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 22, 1835.
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NGC 3156 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Sextans. It is located at a distance of about 75 million light-years from Earth and is forming a pair with NGC 3169. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on October 13, 1784.
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NGC 6412 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is designated as SBc in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the British astronomer William Herschel on 12 December 1797. NGC 6412 is located at about 76.6Mly away from earth.
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NGC 852 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the Eridanus constellation. It is estimated to be 281 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of about 110,000 light-years. NGC 852 was discovered on October 27, 1834 by John Herschel.
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NGC 874 is a spiral galaxy located in the Cetus constellation. It is estimated to be 572 million light-years away from the Milky Way galaxy and has a diameter of approximately 80,000 light-years. NGC 874 was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller.
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NGC 4091 is a spiral galaxy located 360 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 2, 1864. NGC 4091 is a member of the NGC 4065 Group and is a LINER galaxy.
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NGC 5643 is a grand design spiral galaxy, with two well-defined, symmetric arms. In the circumnuclear region are present and other dust spirals, but the two main dust arms are wider. The galaxy is seen nearly face on, at an inclination of ∼ 27°.
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NGC 328 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Phoenix. It was discovered on September 5, 1836 by John Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, a little extended, very gradually brighter middle, following (eastern) of 2", the other being NGC 323.
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NGC 645 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is estimated to be 112 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 115,000 light years. The object was discovered on October 27, 1864 by astronomer Albert Marth.
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NGC 7752 and NGC 7753 are a pair of galaxies approximately 272 million light- years away in the constellation Pegasus. NGC 7753 is the primary galaxy. It is a barred spiral galaxy with a small nucleus. NGC 7752 is the satellite galaxy of NGC 7753.
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NGC 6248 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco. It was discovered on August 11, 1885 by the American astronomer Lewis A. Swift. The galaxy is located approximately 52 million light years away from earth with an approximate diameter of 47,000 light-years.
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NGC 3054 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Hydra. It was discovered by Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters in 1859. It is probably in the same galaxy group as NGC 2935. In January 2006, the supernova SN 2006T was observed in NGC 3054.
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NGC 3981 is a spiral galaxy located 62 million light-years away in the constellation of Crater. It was discovered on February 7, 1785 by William Herschel. NGC 3981 is a member of the NGC 4038 Group which is part of the Virgo Supercluster.
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NGC 1637 is an isolated, non-interacting intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Eridanus, about a degree to the WNW of the star Mu Eridani. It is located at a distance of about from the Milky Way. The galaxy is inclined at an angle of 31.1° to the line of sight from the Earth and the long axis is oriented along a position angle of 16.3°. In 1991, Gérard de Vaucouleurs and associates assigned a morphological classification of SAB(rs)c to NGC 1637, indicating a spiral galaxy with a weak bar structure (SAB) across the nucleus, surrounded by a partial ring (rs) and somewhat loosely-wound arms (c).
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NGC 3521 is a flocculent intermediate spiral galaxy located around 26 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Leo. It has a morphological classification of SAB(rs)bc, which indicates that it is a spiral galaxy with a trace of a bar structure (SAB), a weak inner ring (rs), and moderate to loosely wound arm structure (bc). The bar structure is difficult to discern, both because it has a low ellipticity and the galaxy is at a high inclination of 72.7° to the line of sight. The relatively bright bulge is nearly 3/4 the size of the bar, which may indicate the former is quite massive.
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NGC 4414 is an unbarred spiral galaxy about 62 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It is a flocculent spiral galaxy, with short segments of spiral structure but without the dramatic well-defined spiral arms of a grand design spiral. In 1974 a supernova, SN 1974G, was observed and was the only supernova in this galaxy to be recorded until June 7, 2013 when SN 2013df was discovered at magnitude 14. It was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1995, as part of the HST's main mission to determine the distance to galaxies, and again in 1999 as part of the Hubble Heritage project.
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NGC 7051 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 100 million light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on July 30, 1827. On June 18, 2002 a type ll supernova designated as SN 2002dq was discovered in NGC 7051.
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IC 1838 (also known as MCG+03-08-002 or LEDA 10389) is a spiral galaxy of type Sc. It lies in the Taurus constellation, 471 million light years away from Earth. It has a diameter of 13,046.5 light years and a thickness of 1,304.7 light years.
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NGC 5921 is a barred spiral galaxy located approximately 65 million light- years from the Solar System in the constellation Serpens Caput. It was discovered by William Herschel on 1 May 1786. In February 2001 a type II supernova (SN 2001X) was discovered in NGC 5921.
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NGC 7068 is a spiral galaxy located about 215 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7068 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on November 7, 1863. On June 26, 2013 a type 1a supernova designated as SN 2013ei was discovered in NGC 7068.
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NGC 7065 Is a barred spiral galaxy located about 320 million light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius. NGC 7065 is part of a pair of galaxies that contains the galaxy NGC 7065A. NGC 7065 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on August 3, 1864.
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NGC 4580 is an unbarred spiral galaxy located about 70 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4580 is also classified as a LINER galaxy. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on February 2, 1786 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 6939 is an open cluster in the constellation Cepheus. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1798. The cluster lies 2/3° northwest from the spiral galaxy NGC 6946. The cluster lies approximately 4.000 light years away and it is over a billion years old.
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NGC 5001 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa major. It is designated as SB in the galaxy morphological classification scheme. It was discovered by John Herschel on 1 May 1831. It is at a distance of 130 million parsecs from the earth.
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NGC 3041 is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is designated as SAB(rs)c in the galaxy morphological classification scheme. It was discovered by William Herschel on 23 March 1784. The galaxy is approximately 77 million light years away from earth.
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NGC 6212 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hercules. It is designated as Sb in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the French astronomer Édouard Stephan on 26 July 1870. NGC 6212 is located at about 397 million light years from earth.
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It was a type Ia supernova. SN 2017egm is identified as a Type I superluminous supernova. It is the closest supernova of this type observed and also the first to be found in a massive spiral galaxy. It was discovered by Gaia satellite on 23 May 2017.
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Gravitational interactions with the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 5719 may be responsible for producing the disturbed, asymmetric structure including the single spiral arm. NGC 5713 is at the center of a small group of spiral galaxies that also includes NGC 5691, NGC 5705, and NGC 5719.
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The Sculptor Galaxy (also known as the Silver Coin, Silver Dollar Galaxy, NGC 253, or Caldwell 65) is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Sculptor. The Sculptor Galaxy is a starburst galaxy, which means that it is currently undergoing a period of intense star formation.
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NGC 1531 is a dwarf galaxy in the constellation Eridanus that is interacting with the larger spiral galaxy NGC 1532. It was discovered by John Herschel on 19 October 1835. Although technically classified as a peculiar lenticular galaxy, the galaxy's structure is better described as amorphous.
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Messier 65 (also known as NGC 3623) is an intermediate spiral galaxy about 35 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1780. Along with M66 and NGC 3628, M65 forms the Leo Triplet, a small group of galaxies.
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NGC 4076 is a spiral galaxy located 290 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785 and is a member of the NGC 4065 Group. NGC 4076 is classified as a LINER galaxy.
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NGC 7087 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 215 million light-years away in the constellation of Grus. NGC 7087 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 4, 1834. NGC 7087 is a member of a group of galaxies known as the NGC 7087 group.
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NGC 479 (also known as UGC 893, MCG 1-4-31, ZWG 411.31, ARP 8, PGC 4905) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered by German astronomer Albert Marth on October 27, 1864. It is about 234 million light years away from Earth.
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NGC 124 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered by Truman Henry Safford on September 23, 1867. The galaxy was described as "very faint, large, diffuse, 2 faint stars to northwest" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue.
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NGC 4519 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 70 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4519 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 15, 1784. It has companion galaxy known as PGC 41706 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 53 is a ringed barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered by John Herschel on 15 September 1836. He described it as "very faint, small, extended". The galaxy is approximately 120,000 light-years across, making it about as large as the Milky Way.
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UGC 5692 is a Magellanic-type spiral galaxy located 13 million light years away in the constellation of Ursa Major. An alternate designation DDO 82 is named for the David Dunlap Observatory Catalogue. The galaxy was added to this list in 1959 by Sidney van den Bergh.
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NGC 521's location in the Cetus constellation NGC 521, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5190 or UGC 962, is a spiral galaxy located approximately 224 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on 8 October 1785 by astronomer William Herschel.
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The galaxy can be observed edge-on from Earth, thus appearing very elongated. It can be classified as spiral galaxy of type Sbc using the Hubble Sequence. The object's distance of roughly 120 million light-years from the Solar System can be estimated using its redshift and Hubble's law.
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NGC 4051 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major. It was discovered on 6 February 1788 by John Herschel. NGC 4051 contains a supermassive black hole with a mass of 1.73 million . This galaxy was studied by the Multicolor Active Galactic Nuclei Monitoring 2m telescope.
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NGC 1267 is an elliptical galaxy located about 220 million light-years away in the constellation Perseus. NGC 1267 was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on February 14, 1863. NGC 1267 is a member of the Perseus Cluster and is possibly interacting with the spiral galaxy NGC 1268.
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NGC 169 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on September 18, 1857 by R. J. Mitchell. NGC 169 has a smaller companion named NGC 169A. The two are currently interacting, and the pair is included in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
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NGC 3079 is a barred spiral galaxy about 50 million light-years away, and located in the constellation Ursa Major. A prominent feature of this galaxy is the "bubble" forming in the very center (see picture below). The Supermassive black hole at the core has a mass of .
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The first LSB galaxy verified to exist was Malin 1, discovered in 1986. As such, it was also the first giant LSB galaxy identified. At the time of its discovery, it was the largest spiral galaxy known (by scale-length measurement).Scientific American, "The Ghostliest Galaxies", GD Bothun, Vol.
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NGC 986 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Fornax, located about 56 million light-years away. The galaxy contains two large, extended and slightly warped arms that begin at each end of the central bar. It was discovered in 1826 by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop.
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NGC 3726 is a spiral galaxy with a small bar, seen with medium inclination. The bar is 1.38 arcseconds across and it ends at an inner ring with 1.50 arcseconds diametre. The bluest regions of star formation are located at the ring. Three arms emanate from the ring.
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Several galaxies and star clusters are contained within Capricornus. Messier 30 is a globular cluster located 1 degree south of the galaxy group that contains NGC 7103. The constellation also harbors the wide spiral galaxy NGC 6907. M30 (NGC 7099) is a centrally-condensed globular cluster of magnitude 7.5 .
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NGC 710 is a spiral galaxy located 260 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered by the Irish engineer and astronomer Bindon Blood Stoney on October 28, 1850 and is a member of the galaxy cluster Abell 262. It is also a radio galaxy.
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NGC 3244 is a spiral galaxy in the Antlia constellation discovered by John Herschel on April 22, 1835. A supernova was detected in NGC 3244 on June 27, 2010, designated SN 2010ev. With an apparent magnitude of about 14, it was the third-brightest supernova observed in 2010.
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NGC 6373 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is designated as SBc in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the American astronomer Lewis A. Swift on 13 June 1985. There are two recorded supernovaes 2001ad and 2012an in this galaxy.
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NGC 4614 is a galaxy in the New General Catalog. In the sky, Berenis's Hair is located in the constellation. SB0-a type is a barred spiral galaxy. It was discovered in 1864 by the German astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest with a 11.9 inch (11 inch) diameter lens type telescope.
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NGC 7025 is a spiral galaxy located about 210 million Light-years away from Earth in the constellation Delphinus. NGC 7025 is also classified as a LINER galaxy. The galaxy has an estimated diameter of 161,830 light-years. It was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on September 17, 1863.
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Paturel et al. (2003) assigned this galaxy a classification of SBbc, indicating a barred spiral galaxy. On December 22, 2011, a Type II supernova designated SN 2011jo was discovered in NGC 10 by Stuart Parker of New Zealand. It was located east and north of the galactic nucleus.
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NGC 1532, also known as Haley's Coronet, is an edge-on barred spiral galaxy located approximately 50 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Eridanus. The galaxy was discovered by James Dunlop on 29 October 1826. One supernova, SN 1981A, has been recorded in the galaxy.
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NGC 908 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is at a distance of 60 million light years away from Earth. NGC 908 has vigorous star formation and is a starburst galaxy. The galaxy has three-arm spiral pattern, with two arms with peculiar morphology.
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NGC 4699 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of circa 65 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4699 is about 85,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1786.
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NGC 4907 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 270 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy. NGC 4907 was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 5, 1864. The galaxy is a member of the Coma Cluster.
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NGC 550 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is estimated to be about 300 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 110,000 light years. The object was discovered on October 8, 1785 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.
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NGC 906 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda in the northern sky . It is estimated to be 215 million light years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 110,000 Ly. NGC 906 was discovered on October 30, 1878 by astronomer Édouard Stephan.
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NGC 740 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the Triangulum constellation. It is estimated to be 210 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of about 85,000 light-years. It was discovered by the Irish engineer Bindon Stoney, an assistant to William Parsons.
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NGC 7096 is a grand-design spiral galaxy located about 130 million light-years away in the constellation of Indus. NGC 7096 is also part of a group of galaxies that contains the galaxy NGC 7083. NGC 7096 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on August 31, 1836.
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NGC 834 is a spiral galaxy located in the Andromeda constellation. It is estimated to be 160 million light-years away from the Milky Way galaxy and has a diameter of about 65,000 light-years. The object was discovered on September 21, 1786 by the astronomer William Herschel.
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NGC 4469 is a nearly edge-on spiral galaxy located about 55 million light- years away in the constellation of Virgo. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy. NGC 4469 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 15, 1784. It is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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Messier 61 (also known as M61 or NGC 4303) is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy in the Virgo Cluster of galaxies. It was discovered by Barnaba Oriani on May 5, 1779. This was six days before Charles Messier observed the same galaxy, but had mistaken it as a comet.
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NGC 2460 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It was discovered by German astronomer Wilhelm Tempel on August 11, 1882. It is also identified as an active nucleus galaxy. Its redshift of 0.004837 gives an angular diameter distance of 21.501 megaparsecs, or approximately 70 million light-years.
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NGC 54 is an edge-on spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. The galaxy was discovered by Wilhelm Tempel in 1886, and he defined it as "very faint, pretty small, round." The galaxy is 90,000 light years in diameter, making it slightly smaller than the Milky Way.
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NGC 4861, also known as Arp 266, is a galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by William Herschel on May 1, 1785. Morphological classification of NGC 4861 has proved relatively difficult. Its mass, size, and rotational velocity are consistent with it being a spiral galaxy.
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NGC 3860 is a spiral galaxy located about 340 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. NGC 3860 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785. The galaxy is a member of the Leo Cluster and is a low- luminosity AGN (LLAGN). Gavazzi et al.
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NGC 7836 is an irregular or spiral galaxy located about 260 million light- years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by astronomer Lewis Swift on September 20, 1885. NGC 7836 is a member of the NGC 7831 Group and is part of the Perseus-Pisces Supercluster.
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Observations with one of the most sensitive telescopes have also failed to uncover any faint galaxy fragments that should be discoverable in a collision scenario. However, a team of scientists that analyze the galaxy admits that "if the carnage happened more than 3 billion years ago, there might not be any detritus left to see." Noah Brosch suggested that Hoag's Object might be a product of an extreme "bar instability" that occurred a few billion years ago in a barred spiral galaxy. Schweizer et al claim that this is an unlikely hypothesis because the nucleus of the object is spheroidal, whereas the nucleus of a barred spiral galaxy is disc-shaped, among other reasons.
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NGC 3226 is a dwarf elliptical galaxy that is interacting with the spiral galaxy NGC 3227. The two galaxies are one of several examples of a spiral with a dwarf elliptical companion that are listed in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. Both galaxies may be found in the constellation Leo.
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Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, is a large disk-shaped barred-spiral galaxy about 30 kiloparsecs in diameter and a kiloparsec thick. It contains about two hundred billion (2×1011) stars and has a total mass of about six hundred billion (6×1011) times the mass of the Sun.
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In 2005, a type 1a supernova was discovered in the spiral galaxy NGC 1559, located in the constellation. The dwarf galaxy Reticulum II is enriched in r-process heavy elements. The Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster is a galaxy supercluster that ranges from 700 million to 1.2 billion light- years from Earth.
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NGC 7840 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is the last numerical entry in the New General Catalogue. For observing from Earth's surface, it has a magnitude of 15.5 in the early 21st century. One observing guide recommended a telescope with a least 300mm aperture for observations.
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NGC 486, also occasionally referred to as LEDA 1281966 or GC 275, is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. NGC 486 was discovered on December 6, 1850 by Irish engineer Bindon Blood Stoney. NGC 486 is commonly misidentified as PGC 4975, which is sometimes referred to as NGC 492A.
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The Antennae Galaxies (Arp 244) Colliding spiral galaxy pair NGC 3808A and NGC 3808B (Arp 87). NGC 6621/NGC 6622 (Arp 81), a pair of spiral galaxies 100 million years after their colliding. IC 883 (Arp 193), remnant of two galaxies' merger. Arp 147, an interacting pair of ring galaxies.
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The galaxy PGC 16052 is not a NGC object, nor is it physically associated with NGC 1573, but is often called NGC 1573A. It is an intermediate spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of about 14.0. In 2010, a supernova was discovered in PGC 16052 and was designated as SN 2010X.
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NGC 973 is a giant spiral galaxy located in the constellation Triangulum. It is located at a distance of circa 200 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 973 is about 230,000 light years across. It was discovered by Lewis Swift on October 30, 1885.
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NGC 4274 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Coma Berenices. It is located at a distance of circa 45 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4274 is about 95,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1785.
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NGC 4494 belongs to the NGC 4565 group, named after the spiral galaxy NGC 4565. Other members of the group are NGC 4525, NGC 4562, NGC 4570, NGC 4725 and NGC 4747. NGC 4494 is also a member of the Coma I Group which is part of the Virgo Supercluster.
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NGC 3367 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is located at a distance of circa 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3367 is about 85,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 19, 1784.
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NGC 7047 Is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 270 million light- years away in the constellation of Aquarius. NGC 7047 is also classified as a LINER-type galaxy. NGC 7047 has an estimated diameter of 127,350 light-years. It was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan on August 20, 1873.
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NGC 4939 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of circa 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4939 is about 190,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 25, 1786.
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NGC 7046 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 180 million light-years away in the constellation of Equuleus. NGC 7046 is also classified as a LINER-type galaxy. NGC 7046 has an estimated diameter of 106,990 light-years. NGC 7046 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on October 10, 1790.
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NGC 7674 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located at a distance of circa 350 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7674 is about 125,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on August 16, 1830.
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NGC 2082 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the Dorado constellation. It was originally thought to be part of the Dorado Group of galaxies, but was later removed. It was discovered on November 30, 1834 by John Herschel. Supernova 1992ba, a Type II, was discovered by Robert Evans in NGC 2082.
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NGC 7418 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7418 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on August 30, 1834.
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NGC 6328 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ara. It is designated as SAB(s)ab in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the British astronomer John Herschel on 2 May 1835. NGC 6328 is located at about 199 million light years away from earth.
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NGC 450 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1785 by William Herschel. NGC 450 has a very close companion, UGC 807 (or PGC 4545), which is attached at the northeast side of the halo. UGC 807 appears fairly faint, fairly small, and elongated.
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A spiral galaxy (type S), it has an integrated magnitude of 10.7 and is 3 by 3 arcseconds. NGC 7252 is a tangle of stars resulting from the collision of two large galaxies and is known as the Atoms-for-Peace galaxy because of its resemblance to a cartoon atom.
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NGC 695 is a spiral galaxy located 450 million light years from the Earth, in the constellation of Aries. It has been described as an abnormal galaxy, and has the appearance of "a revolving tornado". Its arms are not tightly held together, and it is interacting with another small astronomical object.
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NGC 7172, NGC 7174 and NGC 7314 are three galaxies of magnitudes 11.9, 12.5 and 10.9, respectively. NGC 7259 is another spiral galaxy, which hosted a supernova—SN 2009ip—in 2009. At redshift z = 0.116, the BL Lacertae object PKS 2155-304 is one of the brightest blazars in the sky.
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The galaxy is the smallest spiral galaxy in the Local Group and is believed to be a satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy or on its rebound into the latter due to their interactions, velocities, and proximity to one another in the night sky. It also has an H II nucleus.
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NGC 542 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda, which is approximately 215 million light years from the Milky Way. Together with the galaxies NGC 529, NGC 531, and NGC 536 forms the Hickson Compact Group 10, abbreviated HCG 10. It was discovered by Irish astronomer R.J. Mitchell in 1885.
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NGC 341 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 21, 1881 by Édouard Stephan. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, pretty large, round, a little brighter middle, mottled but not resolved." It has a companion galaxy, PGC 3627, which is sometimes called NGC 341B.
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NGC 418 is a barred spiral galaxy of type SB(s)c located in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on September 28, 1834 by John Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, pretty large, round, very gradually a little brighter middle, western of 2.", the other being NGC 423.
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NGC 7531 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 70 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7531 is about 95,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 2, 1836.
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NGC 1386 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 53 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1386 is about 50,000 light years across. It is a Seyfert galaxy, the only one in Fornax Cluster.
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NGC 701 is a spiral galaxy with a high star formation rate in the constellation Cetus. It is estimated to be 86 million light years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 65,000 light years. The object was discovered on January 10, 1785 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.
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NGC 321 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864, by the astronomer Albert Marth. It was the location of the planet Eminiar VII in the original series Star Trek episode "A Taste of Armageddon" (where it was incorrectly identified as a star cluster).
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NGC 4491 is a dwarf barred spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4491 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. NGC 4491 is located in a subgroup of the Virgo Cluster centered on Messier 87 known as the Virgo A subgroup.
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NGC 4027 (also known as Arp 22) is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 83 million light-years away in the constellation Corvus. It is also a peculiar galaxy because one of its spiral arms goes out more than the other. This is probably due to a galactic collision in NGC 4027's past.
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NGC 115 is a spiral galaxy located in the Sculptor constellation. It was discovered by the British astronomer, John Herschel, on September 25, 1834. The galaxy is approximately 85 million light-years from earth, and is about 50,000 light-years in diameter, nearly half the size of our home galaxy, the Milky Way.
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At least two pairs of interacting galaxies have been observed. Arp 107 is a pair of galaxies in the process of merging, located 450 million light-years away. NGC 3395 and NGC 3396 are a spiral and irregular barred spiral galaxy, respectively, that are interacting, located 1.33 degrees southwest of 46 Leonis Minoris.
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NGC 1406 is almost edge-on barred spiral galaxy in constellation Fornax. It was discovered by William Herschel on 18 November 1835. It is a member of Fornax Cluster, a cluster of 200 galaxies. At a distance of 50 million light- years, it is one of the closest members of the Fornax cluster.
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Furthermore, the large elliptical galaxy and the edge-on spiral galaxy, both of which have active nuclei, are connected by a stream of stars and dust, indicating that they too are interacting. Astronomers predict that the three galaxies may merge millions of years in the future to form a giant elliptical galaxy.
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NGC 5529 is an edge-on intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. It is located approximately 144 million light-years (44 megaparsecs) away and was discovered by William Herschel on May 1, 1785. NGC 5529 is an edge-on intermediate galaxy. It is located near dwarf galaxies PGC 50952, and PGC 50925.
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M74 is the brightest member of the M74 Group, a group of 5–7 galaxies that also includes the peculiar spiral galaxy NGC 660 and a few irregular galaxies. Although different group identification methods may consistently identify many of the same member galaxies in this group, the exact group membership is still uncertain.
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It was discovered on January 7 of 2006 and took place on the outskirts of this galaxy. On 25th June 2020, the ATLAS telescope in Hawaii spotted a supernova candidate in M85. M85 is interacting with the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4394, and a small elliptical galaxy called MCG 3-32-38.
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It has a morphological classification of type SBbc in the de Vaucouleurs system, which means it is a barred spiral galaxy with somewhat loosely wound arms. The maximum angular size of the galaxy in the optical band is 11′.1 × 4′.6, and it is inclined 75° to the line of sight.
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An illustration showing the major components of NGC 4622 A simulation of the NGC 4622 arm pairs, exhibiting the Fourier transform m = 2. NGC 4622 is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy with a very prominent ring structure located in the constellation Centaurus. The galaxy is a member of the Centaurus Cluster.
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NGC 7001 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 300 million light- years away in the constellation Aquarius. NGC 7001 has an estimated diameter of 106,000 light-years. It was discovered by English astronomer John Herschel on July 21, 1827 and was also observed by Austrian astronomer Rudolf Spitaler on September 26, 1891.
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NGC 7003 is a spiral galaxy around 220 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Delphinus. NGC 7003 has an estimated diameter of 80,800 light- years. The galaxy was discovered by German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest on August 26, 1864. There also has been at least one supernova observed in NGC 7003.
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NGC 1398 is an isolated barred spiral galaxy exhibiting a double ring structure. It is located 65 million light years from the Earth, in the constellation of Fornax. The galaxy, with a diameter of 135,000 light years, is slightly larger than the Milky Way. Over 100 billion stars are in the galaxy.
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NGC 678 and NGC 680 are a pair of galaxies in Aries that are only about 200,000 light-years apart. Part of the NGC 691 group of galaxies, both are at a distance of approximately 130 million light-years. NGC 678 is an edge-on spiral galaxy that is 4.5 by 0.8 arcminutes.
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NGC 3669 (other designations - UGC 6431, MCG 10-16-135, ZWG 291.67, IRAS11226+5759, PGC 35113) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 18, 1790. The galaxy is seen edge-on and appears to be slightly warped. It has a small bulge.
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NGC 3147 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3147 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785.NGC 3147 cseligman.
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NGC 4606 is a spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4606 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. It has a disturbed stellar disk suggesting the actions of gravitational interactions. NGC 4607 may be a possible companion of NGC 4606.
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NGC 4395 is a nearby low surface brightness spiral galaxy located about 14 million light-years (or 4.3 Mpc) from Earth in the constellation Canes Venatici. The nucleus of NGC 4395 is active and the galaxy is classified as a Seyfert Type I known for its very low-mass supermassive black hole.
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NGC 5643 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in constellation Lupus. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5643 is about 100,000 light years across. NGC 5643 has an active galactic nucleus and is a type II Seyfert galaxy.
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NGC 755 is an emission line spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. The galaxy's velocity of 1641.2 km/s was used to calculate its distance using the Tully–Fisher relation. Its dark matter halo was found to be core-dominated, in agreement with predictions from the lambda-CDM model of cosmology.
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NGC 801 is a spiral galaxy with an active galaxy core in the constellation Andromeda. It is estimated to be 174 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 174,400 light-years. The object was discovered on September 20, 1885 by the American astronomer Lewis A. Swift.
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NGC 1, also occasionally referred to as GC 1, UGC 57, PGC 564 or Holm 2a is an intermediate spiral galaxy of the morphological type Sbc, located approximately 210 to 215 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered on 30 September 1861 by Heinrich d'Arrest.
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NGC 4294 is a barred spiral galaxy with flocculent spiral arms located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. NGC 4294 appears to be undergoing ram-pressure striping edge-on.
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Messier 98, also known as M98 or NGC 4192, is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 44.4 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices, about 6° to the east of the bright star Denebola. It was discovered by French astronomer Pierre Méchain on 15 March 1781, along with nearby M99 and M100, and was cataloged by French astronomer Charles Messier on 13 April 1781 in his Catalogue des Nébuleuses & des amas d'Étoiles. Messier 98 has a blue shift and is approaching us at about 140 km/s. The morphological classification of this galaxy is SAB(s)ab, which indicates it is a spiral galaxy that displays mixed barred and non-barred features with intermediate to tightly-wound arms and no ring.
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NGC 538 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is located about 250 million light-years from the Milky Way with a diameter of approximately 95,000 ly. NGC 538 was discovered by the American astronomer Lewis Swift in 1886. NGC 538 is estimated to be about 2.5 billion years old.
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The Hubble Ultra Deep Field seen with MUSE. Outside NGC 1097 is a barred spiral galaxy in Fornax, about 45 million light- years from Earth. At magnitude 9, it is visible in medium amateur telescopes. It is notable as a Seyfert galaxy with strong spectral emissions indicating ionized gases and a central supermassive black hole.
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NGC 3198, also known as Herschel 146 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (Lord Rosse), sometime before 1850. NGC 3198 is located in the Leo Spur, which is part of the Virgo Supercluster, and is approximately 47 million light years away.
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NGC 95 is a spiral galaxy located in the Pisces constellation. It was discovered by English astronomer John Fredrick William Herschel on October 18, 1784. The galaxy has several blue spiral arms surrounding a bright yellow nucleus, and is approximately 120,000 light years in diameter, making it only slightly larger than the Milky Way.
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Named as a single object by Herschel, NGC 2402 is actually a pair of near-adjacent galaxies that appear to be interacting with each other. Only of fourteenth- and fifteenth-magnitudes respectively, the elliptical and spiral galaxy are thought to be approximately 245 million light-years distant, and each measure 55,000 light-years in diameter.
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NGC 3697 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Leo. It was discovered on 24 February 1827 by John Herschel. It was described as "extremely faint, very small, extended 90°" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue. It is a member of HCG 53, a compact group of galaxies.
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NGC 3631 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 35 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3631 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789.NGC 3631 cseligman.
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NGC 1077 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Perseus. It was discovered on 16 August 1886 by Lewis A. Swift. It was described as "very faint, pretty large, extended" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue. NGC 1077 is a galaxy pair with another galaxy appearing close to it.
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Under dark skies the comet was a naked eye object. Perihelion was late January 2008, and as of February was visible telescopically to Southern Hemisphere observers in the constellation Eridanus. On December 30, 2007 it was in close conjunction with spiral galaxy M33. On January 1, 2008 it passed Earth at a distance of .
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NGC 4980 is a spiral galaxy in the southern constellation of Hydra. The shape of NGC 4980 appears slightly deformed, something which is often a sign of recent tidal interactions with another galaxy. In this galaxy's case, however, this appears not to be the case as there are no other galaxies in its immediate vicinity.
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NGC 3393 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hydra. It is located at a distance of circa 180 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3393 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on March 24, 1835.NGC 3393 cseligman.
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NGC 3729 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 65 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3729 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 12, 1789.NGC 3729 cseligman.
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This means that it is an intermediate spiral galaxy, with loosely wound spiral arms and is generally irregular in appearance. It was photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2017. The image shows an asymmetric center and a small galactic bar. NGC 4242 has a relatively low surface brightness and rate of star formation.
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NGC 7070 is a spiral galaxy located about 100 million light-years away in the constellation of Grus. It has a close companion galaxy called NGC 7070A. NGC 7070 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 5, 1834. NGC 7070 is a member of a group of galaxies known as the NGC 7079 group.
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NGC 6221 (also known as PGC 59175) is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ara. It is designated as SB(s)bc in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 3 May 1835. NGC 6221 is located at about 69 million light years from earth.
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NGC 6221 is part of galaxy group NGC 6221/15, which includes spiral galaxy NGC 6215 and three dwarf galaxies. Interactions between NGC 6221 and NGC 6215 form a of neutral hydrogen gas over a projected distance of 100 kpc; Dwarf 3 of the three dwarf galaxies may have formed from the bridging gas.
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NGC 6207 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hercules. It is designated as SA(s)c in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by William Herschel on 16 May 1787. NGC 6207 is located at about 30 million light years from earth. It is located near the globular cluster Messier 13.
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NGC 6239 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hercules with a distinct core. It is designated as SB(s)B in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the German-born British astronomer William Herschel on 12 April 1788. The galaxy is approximately 42 million light years away from Earth.
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NGC 7043 Is a barred spiral galaxy located about 200 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7043 is part of a pair of galaxies that contains the galaxy NGC 7042. It has an estimated diameter of 73,100 light- years. NGC 7043 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on August 18, 1863.
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NGC 1300 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 61 million light-years away in the constellation Eridanus. The galaxy is about 110,000 light-years across (about the same size of the Milky Way). It is a member of the Eridanus Cluster, a cluster of 200 galaxies. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1835.
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NGC 1313 (also known as the Topsy Turvy Galaxy) is a field galaxy and a barred spiral galaxy discovered by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop on 27 September 1826. It has a diameter of about 50,000 light-years, or about half the size of the Milky Way. NGC 1313 lies within the Virgo Supercluster.
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NGC 55, also occasionally referred to as The Whale Galaxy, is a Magellanic type barred spiral galaxy located about 6.5 million light-years away in the constellation Sculptor. Along with its neighbor NGC 300, it is one of the closest galaxies to the Local Group, probably lying between the Milky Way and the Sculptor Group.
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NGC 7015 is a spiral galaxy located about 203 million Light-years away from Earth in the constellation Equuleus. NGC 7015's calculated velocity is 4881 km/s. NGC 7015 was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan on September 29, 1878. It is also part of a group of galaxies called [CHM2007] LDC 1450.
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SN 2007UY was a supernova that occurred in the spiral galaxy NGC 2770. It was discovered by Yoji Hirose on December 31, 2007. While interesting in its own right, it was overshadowed by SN 2008D, a supernova whose burst was observed serendipitously while SN 2007UY was being studied by Swift, something unprecedented in astronomy.
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IC 2574, also known as Coddington's Nebula, is a dwarf spiral galaxy discovered by American astronomer Edwin Foster Coddington in 1898. Located in Ursa Major, a constellation in the northern sky, it is an outlying member of the M81 Group. It is believed that 90% of its mass is in the form of dark matter.
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NGC 4605 is a dwarf barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. Physically it is similar in size and in B-band absolute magnitude to the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is a member of the M81 Galaxy Group, along with Messier 81 and Messier 101.
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Initially the magnification due to gravitational lensing was thought to be large, in the range of 40 to 90 times. After detailed observations at many wavelengths, the best model of the lensing galaxy is a tilted spiral galaxy. This gives a magnification of about 4. The additional observations led to a revised redshift of 3.911.
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NGC 4312 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on January 14, 1787. NGC 4312 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is a LINER galaxy. It has undergone ram-pressure stripping in the past.
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NGC 811 is an object in the New General Catalogue. It is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Cetus about 700 million light-years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1886. However, it is usually misidentified as a different object, the spiral galaxy PGC 7905.
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NGC 5023 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is considered a member of the M51 Group although it is actually relatively isolated from other galaxies. It is approximately 15 kiloparsecs (49,000 light-years) across and contains more than 200 stars with an apparent magnitude of greater than 23.5.
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NGC 4457 is a spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy, a class of active galaxy defined by their spectral line emissions. NGC 4457 Is inclined by about 33°. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on February 23, 1784.
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NGC 1003 is an Sc spiral galaxy located in the Perseus constellation about 28 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the German- British astronomer William Herschel in 1784. It is a member of the NGC 1023 Group. A supernova was discovered in the galaxy in 1937, labeled SN 1937d.
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NGC 7552 (also known as IC 5294) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Grus. It is at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7552 is about 75,000 light years across. It forms with three other spiral galaxies the Grus Quartet.
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Arp 87 (also known as NGC 3808) is a pair of two interacting galaxies, NGC 3808A and NGC 3808B. They are situated in the Leo constellation. NGC 3808A, the brighter, is a peculiar spiral galaxy, while NGC 3808B is an irregular galaxy. The two galaxies were discovered on 10 April 1785 by William Herschel.
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NGC 2964 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2964 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 7, 1785.NGC 2964 cseligman.
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NGC 635 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of the Cetus about 626 million light years from the Milky Way. NGC 635 discovered by the American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1885. It is also known as MCG-04-05-002 or PGC 6062, although in SIMBAD its New General Catalogue designation is not recognized.
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NGC 4492 is a spiral galaxy located about 90 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4492 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 28, 1785. It was rediscovered by astronomer Arnold Schwassmann on January 23, 1900 and was listed as IC 3438. NGC 4492 lies in the direction of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 187 is a barred spiral galaxy located around 3.2 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus, although it can refer to our Milky Way. This galaxy has a stretching bond of clouds in which there's a possibility for stars to be born for as long as that is possible. It was discovered in 1893 by William Herschel.
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NGC 352 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 20, 1784 by William Herschel. It was described as "pretty faint, small, irregularly extended" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue; he also noted an "8th magnitude star 97 seconds of time to east" relative to the galaxy.
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NGC 134 is a barred spiral galaxy that resembles the Milky Way with its spiral arms loosely wrapped around a bright, bar-shaped central region. Its loosely bound spiral arms categorize it as Hubble-type Sbc. It is 60million light years away, and part of the Sculptor constellation. The VLT image of the galaxy (shown right) reveals the following.
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Using all these, he calculated distances of nine different galaxies. We live in a fairly typical spiral galaxy, containing vast numbers of stars. The stars are very far away from us, so we can only observe their one characteristic feature, their light. When this light is passed through a prism, it gives rise to a spectrum.
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NGC 1241 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 150 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1241 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on January 10, 1785. It is classified as a Seyfert galaxy.
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The cluster's largest galaxies are elliptical galaxies NGC 3309 and NGC 3311 and the spiral galaxy NGC 3312 all having a diameter of about 150,000 light-years.The Hydra Supercluster An Atlas of the Universe.com In spite of a nearly circular appearance on the sky, there is evidence in the galaxy velocities for a clumpy, three-dimensional distribution.
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NGC 1560, also known as IC 2062, is an 11th-magnitude spiral galaxy, in the IC 342/Maffei Group. It was discovered by Wilhelm Tempel on August 1, 1883. The galaxy has a negative radial velocity of -35 km/second. NGC1560 is close enough to the earth that its distance must be derived directly (not using redshift).
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All the well-known galaxies appear in one or more of these catalogues but each time under a different number. For example, Messier 109 is a spiral galaxy having the number 109 in the catalogue of Messier, and also having the designations NGC 3992, UGC 6937, CGCG 269-023, MCG +09-20-044, and PGC 37617.
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NGC 7053 is a spiral galaxy located about 200 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. It was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on September 2, 1863. It was then rediscovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on October 8, 1865. On June 4, 2003 a type la supernova designated as SN 2003ep was discovered in NGC 7053.
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The blue ring, 150,000 light-years in diameter, was formed when a shock wave from the collision created a ring of hot blue stars; the yellow core is an amalgamation of the progenitors' cores. NGC 2442, an intermediate-spiral galaxy, is also located in this constellation, with a distance of 50 million light-years from Earth.
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NGC 7060 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 200 million light- years away in the constellation of Microscopium. The spiral arms of NGC 7060 appear to overlap. NGC 7060 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 2, 1836. NGC 7060 is the dominant member of a small group of galaxies known as the NGC 7060 group.
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Subdwarf B stars, being more luminous than white dwarfs, are a significant component in the hot star population of old stellar systems, such as globular clusters, spiral galaxy bulges and elliptical galaxies. They are prominent on ultraviolet images. The hot subdwarfs are proposed to be the cause of the UV upturn in the light output of elliptical galaxies.
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NGC 4656/57 is a highly warped barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Canes Venatici and is sometimes informally called the Hockey Stick Galaxies or the Crowbar Galaxy. The galaxy is a member of the NGC 4631 Group. A Luminous Blue Variable in "super-outburst" was discovered in NGC 4656/57 on March 21, 2005.
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NGC 3631 is a grand design spiral galaxy and features two principal spiral arms, which begin near the center. The two main arms branch into secondary arms with lower surface brightness. The galaxy shows moderate- to-high star formation rate and bright HII regions are present in all the arms.Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994) The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies.
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ESO 274-1 is a spiral galaxy seen from edge-on that requires an amateur telescope with at least 12 inches of aperture to view. It can be found by using Lambda Lupi and Mu Lupi as markers, and can only be seen under very dark skies. It is 9 arcminutes by 0.7 arcminutes with a small, elliptical nucleus.
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NGC 6000 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Scorpius. It is designated as SB(s)bc in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by John Herschel on 8 May 1834. The galaxy is approximately 103 million light-years away. It is the brightest of all the galaxies in the constellation Scorpius.
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NGC 6104 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Corona Borealis. It is designated as S(R)Pec in the galaxy morphological classification scheme, though it is clearly a barred spiral (deserving of the SB(R)Pec designation), and was discovered by William Herschel on 16 May 1787. The galaxy is approximately 388 million light-years away.
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NGC 93 is an interacting spiral galaxy estimated to be about 260 million light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by R. J. Mitchell in 1854. The galaxy is currently interacting with NGC 90 and has some signs of interacting with it. NGC 93 and NGC 90 form the interacting galaxy pair Arp 65.
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NGC 55 and the spiral galaxy NGC 300 have traditionally been identified as members of the Sculptor Group, a nearby group of galaxies in the constellation of the same name. However, recent distance measurements indicate that the two galaxies actually lie in the foreground. It is likely that NGC 55 and NGC 300 form a gravitationally bound pair.
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NGC 17, also known as NGC 34, is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is the result of a merger between two disk galaxies, resulting in a recent starburst in the central regions and continuing starforming activity. The galaxy is still gas-rich, and has a single galactic nucleus. It lies 250 million light years away.
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Messier 108 (also known as NGC 3556) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781 or 1782. From the perspective of the Earth, this galaxy is seen almost edge-on. This galaxy is an isolated member of the Ursa Major Cluster of galaxies in the Virgo supercluster.
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Messier 109 (also known as NGC 3992) is a barred spiral galaxy exhibiting a weak inner ring structure around the central bar approximately It is also by far the most distant object in the Messier Catalog, followed by M91 away in the constellation Ursa Major. M109 can be seen south-east of the star Phecda (γ UMa).
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NGC 4302 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. It is classified as a Seyfert galaxy and as a LINER galaxy. It also has a prominent, extended dust lane.
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NGC 3001 is a magnitude 11.83 spiral galaxy in the constellation Antlia, discovered on 30 March 1835 by John Herschel. It has a recessional velocity of per second, and is located around 115 million light years away. NGC 3001 has an apparent size of 4.3 by 3.1 arcminutes and is about 145 thousand light years across.
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For example, a weakly barred spiral galaxy with loosely wound arms and a ring is denoted SAB(r)c. Visually, the de Vaucouleurs system can be represented as a three-dimensional version of Hubble's tuning fork, with stage (spiralness) on the x-axis, family (barredness) on the y-axis, and variety (ringedness) on the z-axis.
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IC 5052 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pavo. It is located at a distance of circa 25 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that IC 5052 is about 40,000 light years across. It was discovered by DeLisle Stewart on August 23, 1900. IC 5052 is viewed edge-on.
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NGC 4633 is a spiral galaxy located about 70 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. It is interacting with the nearby galaxy NGC 4634. NGC 4633 was discovered by astronomer Edward D. Swift on April 27, 1887. It was rediscovered on November 23, 1900 by astronomer Arnold Schwassmann and was later listed as IC 3688.
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NGC 88 is a barred spiral galaxy exhibiting an inner ring structure located about 160 million light years from the Earth in the Phoenix constellation. NGC 88 is interacting with the galaxies NGC 92, NGC 87 and NGC 89. It is part of a family of galaxies called Robert's Quartet discovered by astronomer John Herschel in the 1830s.
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NGC 7004 is a spiral galaxy around 330 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Indus. NGC 7004 has an estimated diameter of 166,980 light- years. NGC 7004 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on October 2, 1834. NGC 7004 is also part of a group of galaxies that contains the nearby galaxy NGC 7002.
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IC 4499 is a loose globular cluster in the medium-far galactic halo; its apparent magnitude is 10.6. The galaxies in the constellation are faint. IC 4633 is a very faint spiral galaxy surrounded by a vast amount of Milky Way line-of-sight integrated flux nebulae—large faint clouds thought to be lit by large numbers of stars.
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NGC 931 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Triangulum. It is located at a distance of circa 200 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 931 is about 200,000 light years across. It was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on September 26, 1865. It is classified as a Seyfert galaxy.
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NGC 4313 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. NGC 4313 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is classified as LINER and as a Seyfert galaxy. NGC 4313 has undergone ram-pressure stripping in the past.
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NGC 5728 is an active barred spiral galaxy located 146 million light years away in the southern constellation of Libra. It was discovered on May 7, 1787 by William Herschel. The designation comes from the New General Catalogue of J. L. E. Dreyer, published in 1888. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 13.40 and spans an angle of .
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NGC 4316 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 70 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Wilhelm Tempel on March 17, 1882. NGC 4316 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is classified as LINER and as a Seyfert galaxy. The galaxy has undergone ram-pressure stripping in the past.
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NGC 5474 is a peculiar dwarf galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It is one of several companion galaxies of the Pinwheel Galaxy (M101), a grand-design spiral galaxy. Among the Pinwheel Galaxy's companions, this galaxy is the closest to the Pinwheel Galaxy itself. The gravitational interaction between NGC 5474 and the Pinwheel Galaxy has strongly distorted the former.
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As a result, the disk is offset relative to the nucleus. The star formation in this galaxy (as traced by hydrogen spectral line emission) is also offset from the nucleus. NGC 5474 shows some signs of a spiral structure. As a result, this galaxy is often classified as a dwarf spiral galaxy, a relatively rare group of dwarf galaxies.
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NGC 3675 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 50 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3675 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1788. It hosts a low- ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER).
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NGC 7552 is a barred spiral galaxy, with two spiral arms forming an outer pseudo-ring. The galaxy is seen nearly face on, at an inclination of ∼ 28°. The one arm is more prominent and the less prominent arm shows no clear continuation with the bar. The bar is dusty, and four huge HII regions are detected in it.
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NGC 753 is a spiral galaxy located 220 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer by Heinrich d'Arrest on September 16, 1865 and is a member of Abell 262. NGC 753 has roughly 2-3 times more mass than the Milky Way and is classified as a radio galaxy.
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NGC 3370 (also known as UGC 5887 or Silverado Galaxy ) is a spiral galaxy about 98 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It is comparable to our own Milky Way both in diameter (100,000 light years) and mass (1011 solar masses). NGC 3370 exhibits an intricate spiral arm structure surrounding a poorly defined nucleus.
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NGC 3511 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Crater. It is located at a distance of circa 45 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3511 is about 70,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 21, 1786. It lies two degrees west of Beta Crateris.
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NGC 5000 is a barred spiral galaxy in the Coma Berenices.Galaxy NGC 5000 - DSO browser It was discovered by William Herschel in 1785. It is also known as LEDA 45658, MCG+05-31-144, UGC 8241, VV 460, III 366, h 1544, and GC 3433. Herschel discovered it with the help of 18.7-inch f/13 speculum telescope.
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NGC 4700 is a spiral galaxy located about 50 million light years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4700 was discovered in March 1786 by the British astronomer William Herschel who noted it as a "very faint nebula". NGC 4700 was imaged by Hubble in 2012, showing an abundance of star-forming regions similar to the Orion Nebula.
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NGC 3861 is a large barred spiral galaxy with a ring-like structure located about 310 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 23, 1827. NGC 3861 is a member of the Leo Cluster and has a normal amount of neutral hydrogen (H I) and ionised hydrogen (H II).
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NGC 7320 is a spiral galaxy in the Stephan's Quintet. However, it is not an actual member of the galaxy group, but a much closer line-of-sight galaxy at a distance of about 40 million light years, the same as the nearby NGC 7331. Other galaxies of Stephan's Quintet are some 300 million light-year distant.
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NGC 78 is a pair of galaxies in the constellation Pisces. NGC 78A, which is the more southern galaxy, is a barred spiral galaxy. NGC 78B, which is the more northern galaxy, is an elliptical galaxy. Although the designations NGC 78A and 78B are used today, the designation NGC 78 was formerly used mainly for the northern galaxy.
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NGC 6925 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Microscopium of apparent magnitude 11.3. It is lens-shaped, as it lies almost edge on to observers on Earth. It lies 3.7 degrees west-northwest of Alpha Microscopii. SN 2011ei, a Type II supernova in NGC 6925, was discovered by Stu Parker in New Zealand in July 2011.
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NGC 3884 is a spiral galaxy located about 330 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785 and is a member of the Leo Cluster. Although it is classified as a LINER galaxy, NGC 3884 is also classified as a type 1 seyfert galaxy.
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NGC 1160 is a spiral galaxy approximately 116 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Perseus. It was discovered, along with NGC 1161, by English astronomer William Herschel on October 7, 1784. NGC 1160 forms a visual pair with the galaxy NGC 1161. Both galaxies are located between the Local and Perseus superclusters.
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She uses spectroscopy, imaging and modelling to study the chemical compositions of stars. Speck mainly considers how dust formation changes during the evolution of low and intermediate mass stars. She used the Spitzer Space Telescope to study space dust in the spiral galaxy Messier 74. She found that space dust formation is effective in supernovae, using up 5% of their heavy elements.
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NGC 1268 is a spiral galaxy located about 140 million light-years away in the constellation Perseus. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on February 14, 1863. NGC 1268 is a member of the Perseus Cluster and appears to show signs of distortion in the form of bridges. These features may be the result of a strong interaction with NGC 1267.
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A large spiral galaxy may contain thousands of H II regions. The reason H II regions rarely appear in elliptical galaxies is that ellipticals are believed to form through galaxy mergers. In galaxy clusters, such mergers are frequent. When galaxies collide, individual stars almost never collide, but the GMCs and H II regions in the colliding galaxies are severely agitated.
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NGC 171 is a barred spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of 12, located around 3 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus. The galaxy has 2 main medium-wound arms, with a few minor arms, and a fairly bright nucleus and bulge. It was discovered on 20 October 1784 by William Herschel. It is also known as NGC 175.
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NGC 1260 is either a lenticular or tightly-wound spiral galaxy about from Earth. It was the host galaxy of the supernova SN 2006gy, one of the brightest ever recorded. It is a member of the Perseus Cluster (Abell 426), a massive galaxy cluster located from Earth. With a redshift of 0.0179, Abell 426 is the closest major cluster to the Earth.
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NGC 2683 is a field spiral galaxy discovered by William Herschel on February 5, 1788. It was nicknamed the "UFO Galaxy" by the Astronaut Memorial Planetarium and Observatory. It is viewed nearly edge-on from Earth's location in space and is located between 16 and 25 million light-years away. NGC 2683 is receding from Earth at , and from the Galactic Center at .
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NGC 7424 is a barred spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of 10.4. located around 4 degrees west of the Grus Triplet. Approximately 37.5 million light-years distant, it is about 100,000 light-years in diameter, has well defined spiral arms and is thought to resemble the Milky Way. Two ultraluminous X-ray sources and one supernova have been observed in NGC 7424.
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The Milky Way runs through the constellation, featuring prominent objects such as the open cluster NGC 5823 and the planetary nebula NGC 5315. Circinus hosts a notable spiral galaxy, the Circinus Galaxy, discovered in 1977; it is the closest Seyfert galaxy to the Milky Way. The Alpha Circinids (ACI), a meteor shower also discovered in 1977, radiate from this constellation.
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The work was commissioned by the Vatican Observatory in 1994 to commemorate the Inspiration of Astronomical Phenomena conference, and inspired by Galileo's drawings and early photographs of the closest galaxies to Earth. The sculpture was installed at Navy Pier in 1998, then temporarily exhibited in Sarasota, Florida. Spiral Galaxy was move to its current location in 2005, to commemorate the planetarium's 75th anniversary.
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Spiral galaxy NGC 3021 which lies about 100 million light-years away. In terms of deep-sky objects, Leo Minor contains many galaxies viewable in amateur telescopes. Located 3 degrees southeast of 38 Leonis Minoris, NGC 3432 is seen nearly edge on. Known as the knitting needle galaxy, it is of apparent magnitude 11.7 and measures 6.8 by 1.4 arcminutes.
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Spiral galaxy ESO 021-G004. In 1999, a nearby open cluster was discovered centered on the star η Chamaeleontis. The cluster, known as either the Eta Chamaeleontis cluster or Mamajek 1, is 8 million years old, and lies 316 light years from Earth. The constellation contains a number of molecular clouds (the Chamaeleon dark clouds) that are forming low-mass T Tauri stars.
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Supernova 2012Z in spiral galaxy NGC 1309. SN 2012Z was discovered jointly by S. B. Cenko, W. Li, and A. V. Filippenko using the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope on January 29.15 UT as part of the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. The scientists have hypothesized that this is a type Iax supernova, and may have left behind a remnant zombie star.
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The X-ray jets of Centaurus A are thousands of light-years long, while the radio jets are over a million light- years long. Like other starburst galaxies, a collision is suspected to be responsible for the intense burst of star formation. Models have suggested that Centaurus A was a large elliptical galaxy that collided and merged with a smaller spiral galaxy.
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M15 (NGC 7078) is a globular cluster of magnitude 6.4, 34,000 light-years from Earth. It is a Shapley class IV cluster, which means that it is fairly rich and concentrated towards its center. M15 was discovered in 1746 by Jean-Dominique Maraldi. NGC 7331 is a spiral galaxy located in Pegasus, 38 million light-years distant with a redshift of 0.0027.
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KAIT discovered its first supernova in 1997, SN 1997bs. The next year (1998) twenty supernova were found after improvements to the telescope, and in 1999 forty supernova were discovered. The telescope has been noted for discovering the supernova SN 1999em. This super nova was in the spiral galaxy NGC 1637, and was observed later by telescope such as the VLT (4x8.2m).
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NGC 1134 is a spiral galaxy in the Aries constellation. It has a highly inclined disk, with respect to the line of sight from Earth. There is a weak outer extension of the spiral structure in this galaxy. It has been listed in the Arp Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp number 200), under the "Galaxies with material ejected from nuclei" section.
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NGC 45 is a low surface brightness spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered on 11 November 1835 by the English astronomer John Herschel. Unlike the Milky Way, NGC 45 has no clear defined spiral arms, and its center bar nucleus is also very small and distorted. NGC 45 thus does not have a galactic habitable zone.
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NGC 7042 is a spiral galaxy located about 210 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7042 is part of a pair of galaxies that contains the galaxy NGC 7043. NGC 7042 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on October 16, 1784. On October 23, 2013 a Type Ia supernova designated as SN 2013fw was discovered in NGC 7042.
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NGC 7741 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located at a distance of circa 40 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7741 is about 50,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 10, 1784. NGC 7741 has a strong bar and two spiral arms.
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After the discovery Dwingeloo 1 was classified as a barred spiral galaxy. It has a central bar and two distinct spiral arms beginning from the ends of the bar at nearly right angle and wound counterclockwise. The length of the arms is up to 180°. The disk of the galaxy is inclined with respect to the observer, with the inclination angle being 50°.
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NGC 6951 (also catalogued as NGC 6952) is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cepheus. It is located at a distance of about 70 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 6951 is about 100,000 light-years across. It was discovered by Jérôme Eugène Coggia in 1877 and independently by Lewis Swift in 1878.
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NGC 7038 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 210 million light- years away in the constellation of Indus. NGC 7038 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 30, 1834. On June 8, 2010 a type ll supernova designated as SN 2010dx was discovered in NGC 7038. NGC 7038 along with NGC 7014 are the brightest members of Abell 3742.
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NGC 1892 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Dorado. It was discovered November 30, 1834 by John Herschel. A probable supernova of type IIP was photographed by the Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey (CGS) in 2004, but it was not noticed until Brazilian amateur astronomer Jorge Stockler de Moraes compared the CGS image to one he took in January 2017.
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IC 5201 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 35 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that IC 5201 is about 90,000 light years across. It was discovered by Joseph Lunt in 1900. IC 5201 is characterised by its bright bar, that measures 0.6 × 0.16 arcminutes.
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NGC 2985 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 70 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2985 is about 95,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785. The galaxy is seen with an inclination of 37 degrees.
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NGC 1566, sometimes known as the Spanish Dancer, is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Dorado, positioned about 3.5° to the south of the star Gamma Doradus. It was discovered on May 28, 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. At 10th magnitude, it requires a telescope to view. The distance to this galaxy remains elusive, with measurements ranging from up to .
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NGC 1448 or NGC 1457 is an unbarred spiral galaxy seen nearly edge-on in the constellation Horologium. It is at a distance of 55 million light years from Earth. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1835. Four supernovae have been discovered in NGC 1448, SN 1983S (14.5 mag, type II), SN 2001el (14.5 mag, type Ia), SN 2003hn (14.1 mag.
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NGC 6621 is an interacting spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco. It lies at a distance of circa 260 million light-years. NGC 6621 interacts with NGC 6622, with their closest approach having taken place about 100 million years before the moment seen now. The pair was discovered by Edward D. Swift and Lewis A. Swift on June 2, 1885.
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NGC 3628, also known as the Hamburger Galaxy or Sarah's Galaxy, is an unbarred spiral galaxy about 35 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1784. It has an approximately 300,000 light-years long tidal tail. Along with M65 and M66, NGC 3628 forms the Leo Triplet, a small group of galaxies.
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NGC 5101 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Hydra. It is separated in the sky from the spiral galaxy NGC 5078 by about 0.5 degrees, and both are believed to be at the same distance from the Earth. This would mean they are approximately 800,000 light-years apart. Both galaxies are believed to be about the size of the Milky Way.
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Three-colour photograph of the Horsehead Nebula taken by David Malin at the AAO David Frederick Malin (born 28 March 1941) is a British-Australian astronomer and photographer. He is principally known for his spectacular colour images of astronomical objects. A galaxy is named after him, Malin 1, which he discovered in 1986 and which is the largest spiral galaxy so far discovered.
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Maffei 1 is a principal member of a nearby group of galaxies. The group's other members are the giant spiral galaxies IC 342 and Maffei 2. Maffei 1 has also a small satellite spiral galaxy Dwingeloo 1 as well as a number of dwarf satellites like MB1. The Group is one of the closest galaxy groups to the Milky Way galaxy.
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ESO released first light images of SPECULOOS - South on the 2018-12-05. The telescopes did take images of the Carina Nebula, the Horsehead Nebula and the spiral galaxy Messier 83. Artemis is the first telescope for SPECULOOS - North (SNO) it began operations on June 20, 2019. The robotic observations of each of the four telescopes is controlled by the program ACP Expert.
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NGC 1317 (also known as NGC 1318) is barred spiral galaxy in constellation Fornax, in Fornax cluster. It was discovered by Julius Schmidt on January 19, 1865. It appears to be interacting with much larger NGC 1316, but uncertanity of distance and scales of tidal distortions make this uncertain. It is a member of NGC 1316 subgroup, part of Fornax Cluster.
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It is not perfectly symmetrical in the eyepiece, rather, the northwest side is flattened and the nucleus has a southwest-to-northeast bar. A smaller sister to the Milky Way, it is a grand design spiral galaxy 40,000 light-years across. NGC 2865 is relatively youthful and dynamic, with a rapidly rotating disc full of young stars and metal-rich gas.
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NGC 7098 NGC 2573 (also known as Polarissima Australis) is a faint barred spiral galaxy that happens to be the closest NGC object to the South Celestial Pole. NGC 7095 and NGC 7098 are two barred spiral galaxies that are 115 million and 95 million light-years distant from Earth respectively. The sparse open cluster Collinder 411 is also located in the constellation.
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NGC 4307 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 65 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Christian Peters in 1881 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. It is also a LINER galaxy. On March 7, 2019 a supernova of an unknown type known as AT 2019bpt was discovered in NGC 4307.
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NGC 6040 is a spiral galaxy located about 550 million light-years away in the constellation Hercules. NGC 6040 was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on June 27, 1870. NGC 6040 is interacting with the lenticular galaxy PGC 56942. As a result of this interaction, NGC 6040's southern spiral arm has been warped in the direction toward PGC 56942.
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MCG+07-33-027 is an isolated spiral galaxy located about 330 million light- years away in the constellation Hercules. It has a very high rate of star formation which would make it a starburst galaxy. Normally, starburst galaxies are triggered by the collision of another galaxy. However most galaxies are in groups or clusters, while MCG+07-33-027 is solitary.
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NGC 998 is a spiral galaxy of the constellation Cetus. It is estimated to be 294 million light years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 90,000 ly. Together with NGC 997, it forms a gravitationally bound pair of galaxies. NGC 998 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on 10 November 1863 using a 48-inch telescope.
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NGC 941 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation triangulum. It is an estimated 55 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 55,000 light years. The galaxies NGC 926, NGC 934, NGC 936, NGC 955 are located in the same sky area. NGC 941 was discovered by the astronomer William Herschel using on 6 January 1785.
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NGC 4090 is a spiral galaxy located 340 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 2, 1864 and is a member of the NGC 4065 Group. NGC 4090 hosts an AGN. On April 5, 2018 a type Ia supernova designated as SN 2018aqh was discovered in NGC 4090.
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NGC 5930 is a starburst galaxy in the constellation Boötes that is interacting with the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 5929. 5930 has a morphological classification of SAB(rs)b pec, indicating that it is a weakly-barred spiral galaxy with a poorly defined nuclear ring structure. It is inclined at an angle of 46° to the line of sight from the Earth.
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IC 1993 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in constellation Fornax. It was discovered by Lewis Swift on November 19, 1897. At a distance of about 50 million light-years, and redshift of 1057 km/s, it is one of the closest galaxies of Fornax Cluster to us. It is a member of it, along with other 200 galaxies in cluster.
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A barred irregular galaxy is an irregular version of a barred spiral galaxy. Examples include the Large Magellanic Cloud and NGC 6822.Norbert Przybilla, Quantitative Spectroscopy of Supergiants, Munich, 2002 Some barred irregular galaxies (like the Large Magellanic Cloud) may be dwarf spiral galaxies, which have been distorted into an irregular shape by tidal interactions with a more massive neighbor.
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NGC 644 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Phoenix in the southern sky. It is estimated to be 270 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 130,000 light-years. Together with NGC 641, it probably forms a gravitationally bound pair of galaxies. The object was discovered on September 5, 1834 by John Herschel.
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NGC 7191 is a spiral galaxy registered in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the direction of the Indus constellation. It was discovered by the English astronomer John Herschel in 1835 using a 47.5 cm (18.7 inch) reflector. It is a member of the galaxy group known as the NGC 7192 group, named after its brightest member, NGC 7192.
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NGC 1510 is under the influence of gravitational tidal forces of the large neighbour barred spiral galaxy NGC 1512. The two galaxies are separated by only ∼5 arcmin (13.8 kpc), and are in the process of a lengthy merger which has been going on for 400 million years. At the end of this process NGC 1512 will have cannibalised its smaller companion.
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Chi Ursae Majoris is an evolved, orange hued K-type giant with an apparent magnitude of +3.69. This star has times the radius of the Sun and 1.49 times the Sun's mass. The spiral galaxy in Ursa Major, NGC 3877 (= H I.201), type Sc, is best found from Chi Ursae Majoris, which is almost exactly 15 arcminutes north of the galaxy.
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Spiral Galaxy, exhibited outside Chicago's Adler Planetarium John David Mooney is a Chicago-based, internationally recognized artist, known for his large-scale public sculptures, light pieces, and environmental installations. Astronomy, science, and nature have played a significant role in Mooney's art, and his public sculptures often draw inspiration from the spirit of place, the importance of the site, its history, and present environment.
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NGC 4921 is a barred spiral galaxy in the Coma Cluster, located in the constellation Coma Berenices. It is about 320 million light-years from Earth. The galaxy has a nucleus with a bar structure that is surrounded by a distinct ring of dust that contains recently formed, hot blue stars. The outer part consists of unusually smooth, poorly distinguished spiral arms.
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NGC 891 (also known as Caldwell 23 or Silver Sliver Galaxy) is an edge-on unbarred spiral galaxy about 30 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 6, 1784. The galaxy is a member of the NGC 1023 group of galaxies in the Local Supercluster. It has an H II nucleus.
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This galaxy has an apparent diameter of approximately 1.3 million light-years, occupying 1.1' of the Earth's sky. It holds approximately 15 trillion stars. NGC 262 was tidally disturbed by the gravitational forces of smaller galaxies, which resulted in its large size. NGC 262 is very unusual, since it is 10 times larger than a regular spiral galaxy of its type.
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NGC 3883 is a large low surface brightness spiral galaxy located about 330 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. NGC 3883 has a prominent bulge but does not host an AGN. The galaxy also has flocculent spiral arms in its disk. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 13, 1785 and is a member of the Leo Cluster.
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NGC 4298 is a flocculent spiral galaxy located about 53 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. NGC 4298 may harbor an intermediate-mass black hole with an estimated mass ranging from 20,000 ( M☉) to 500,000 ( M☉) solar masses.
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Mount Lemmon SkyCenter While usually considered an unbarred spiral galaxy, recent research suggests it may in fact be a barred spiral galaxy; its bar is hard to see due to its high inclination. Further support for the presence of a bar stems from the X-shaped structure seen near its centre, which is thought to be associated with a buckling instability of a stellar bar.Bogdan C. Ciambur; Alister W. Graham (2016), Quantifying the (X/peanut)-shaped structure in edge-on disc galaxies: length, strength, and nested peanuts It is also both smaller and less luminous than the Milky Way with very little neutral hydrogen or molecular hydrogen and a low luminosity in the infrared, which suggests a currently low rate of star formation. NGC 2683 is rich in globular clusters, hosting about 300 of them, twice the number found in the Milky Way.
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The 2MASX J00482185−2507365 occulting pair is a pair of overlapping spiral galaxies found in the vicinity of NGC 253, the Sculptor Galaxy. Both galaxies are more distant than NGC 253, with the background galaxy, 2MASX J00482185−2507365 (PGC 198197), lying at redshift z=0.06, about 800 million light-years from Earth, and the foreground galaxy lying between NGC 253 and the background galaxy (0.0008 < z < 0.06).arXiv:0810.2646v1 ; "An extended dust disk in a spiral galaxy; An occulting galaxy pair in ANGST" ; ; B. W. Holwerda, W. C. Keel, B. Williams, J. J. Dalcanton, R. S. de Jong ; 15 Oct 2008 This pair of galaxies illuminates the distribution of galactic dust beyond the visible arms of a spiral galaxy. The heretofore unexpected extent of dust beyond the starry limits of the arms shows new areas for extragalactic astronomical study.
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NGC 1357 is an isolated spiral galaxy situated in constellation of Eridanus. Located about 92 milion light years, it is a member of the Eridanus cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies, being the farthest known member. Based on location and distance, NGC 1357 is located at the very edge on the Eridanus Cluster. It was discovered by William Herschel on February 1, 1785.
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The galaxy's large apparent size can be attributed to the fact that it is face-on. Despite its size, it only has an apparent visual magnitude of 11.7. It can be classified as spiral galaxy of type SBbc using the Hubble Sequence. The object's distance of roughly 220 million light-years from the Solar System can be estimated using its redshift and Hubble's law.
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Messier 101 as observed by the Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: NASA/ESA. Messier 101 (also known as the Pinwheel Galaxy or NGC 5457) is a face-on spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. In a letter written in 1783 to J. Bernoulli, Pierre Méchain (who had shared information about his discoveries with Messier) claimed that M102 was actually an accidental duplication of M101 in the catalog.
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NGC 494, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5035 or GC 282, is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is located approximately 227 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on 22 November 1827 by astronomer John Herschel. John Dreyer, creator of the New General Catalogue, described the galaxy as "very faint, pretty large, extended, 3 faint stars to south".
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NGC 7742 also known as Fried Egg Galaxy is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus. The galaxy is unusual in that it contains a ring but no bar. Typically, bars are needed to produce a ring structure. The bars' gravitational forces move gas to the ends of the bars, where it forms into the rings seen in many barred spiral galaxies.
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NGC 3312 is a large and highly inclined spiral galaxy located about 194 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 26, 1835. It was later rediscovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on February 26, 1887. NGC 3312 was later listed and equated with IC 629 because the two objects share essentially the same celestial coordinates.
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' , (Dutch for Hanny's object) is a rare type of astronomical object called a quasar ionization echo. It was discovered in 2007 by Dutch schoolteacher Hanny van Arkel while she was participating as a volunteer in the Galaxy Zoo project, part of the Zooniverse group of citizen science websites. Photographically, it appears as a bright blob close to spiral galaxy IC 2497 in the constellation Leo Minor.
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The earliest stage in the evolution of galaxies is the formation. When a galaxy forms, it has a disk shape and is called a spiral galaxy due to spiral-like "arm" structures located on the disk. There are different theories on how these disk-like distributions of stars develop from a cloud of matter: however, at present, none of them exactly predicts the results of observation.
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NGC 151 is a mid-sized spiral galaxy located in the Cetus constellation. The galaxy was discovered by English astronomer William Herschel on November 28, 1785. In 1886, Lewis Swift observed the same galaxy and catalogued it as NGC 153 and later was identified to be NGC 151. The galaxy, viewed from almost face on, has several bright, blue, dusty spiral arms filled with active star formation.
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NGC 1512 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 38 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Horologium. The galaxy displays a double ring structure, with one ring around the galactic nucleus and another further out in the main disk. The galaxy hosts an extended UV disc with at least 200 clusters with recent star formation activity. NGC 1512 is a member of the Dorado Group.
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Djorgovski 1's stars contain hydrogen and helium, but not much else. In astronomical terms, they are described as "metal-poor". Globular clusters are generally composed of hundreds of thousands of low-metal, old stars. The type of stars found in a globular cluster are similar to those in the bulge of a spiral galaxy but confined to a volume of only a few million cubic parsecs.
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NGC 1187 is a spiral galaxy located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. NGC 1187 has hosted two supernova explosions since the 1980s. In October 1982, the first supernova seen in NGC 1187 — SN 1982R was discovered at La Silla Observatory and, in 2007, the amateur astronomer Berto Monard in South Africa spotted another supernova in this galaxy — SN 2007Y.
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NGC 1406 has a Hubble classification of SBbc, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy. It is also edge-on, making its bar hard to see. NGC 1406 has much dust in its disc, which is visible on the Hubble image in the box upper right. Its size on night sky is 3.9' x 0.7' which is proportional to real size of 75,000 light- years.
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Several galaxies are not physically associated with NGC 5011, but appear close to NGC 5011 in the night sky. PGC 45847 is a spiral galaxy that is also known as NGC 5011A. PGC 45918 is a lenticular galaxy some 156 million light-years away from the Earth, in the Centaurus Cluster, and is designated NGC 5011B. PGC 45917 is a dwarf galaxy, also designated NGC 5011C.
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But first and foremost, the Rose Castle will remind us of the values our society must protect and never take for granted.” The art park is 75 meters in diameter, and is encapsulated by a wall of 90 monumental paintings, largely featuring scenes from WWII painted by Sand himself. Through the entrance lies a 300 meter long road, in the shape of a spiral galaxy.
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SN 2009ip was a supernova discovered in 2009 in the spiral galaxy NGC 7259 in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus. Since the brightness waned after days post-discovery, it was redesignated as Luminous blue variable (LBV) Supernova impostor. During the following years several luminous outbursts were detected from the SN 2009ip. In September 2012 SN 2009ip was classified as a young type IIn supernova.
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NGC 6975, also known as NGC 6976, is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Aquarius. The object was discovered on 12 July 1864 by the German astronomer Albert Marth. NGC 6975 is part of Hickson Compact Group 88, along with NGC 6977, NGC 6978, and MCG-01-53-014. The group is at a distance of about 273 million light years (84 million parsecs).
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NGC 2525 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Puppis. It is located at a distance of about 70 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2525 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on February 23, 1791. The galaxy has a bar and two main spiral arms with high surface brightness.
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The projected separation of this galaxy from the M81 Group is . The morphological classification of this galaxy is SAa, which matches an unbarred spiral galaxy (SA) with very tightly-wound spiral arms (a). The actual visual form of the galaxy is a pure disk with no spiral arms or bulge. The luminosity and size of this galaxy is mid-way between the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.
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NGC 3506 is a spiral galaxy in constellation Leo. It is located at a distance of circa 300 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3506 is about 115,000 light years across. The galaxy has two main spiral arms, with high surface brightness, which can be traced for half a revolution before they fade. One arm splits into four spiral arcs.
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The galaxy has a large elliptical bulge and maybe a weak bar. It is a grand design spiral galaxy, with two tightly wrapped arms emanating from the bulge. The arms are thin, smooth and well defined and can be traced for nearly one and a half revolutions before fading. Two symmetric arm sections or arcs are observed in the central part of the galaxy.
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NGC 5566 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo, which is approximately 65 million light years away from Earth. The galaxy is the biggest in the constellation Virgo, stretching nearly 150,000 light years in diameter. The galaxy NGC 5566 was discovered on 30 April 1786 by the German- British astronomer William Herschel. It is included in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
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NGC 2403 (also known as Caldwell 7) is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It is an outlying member of the M81 Group, and is approximately 8 million light-years distant. It bears a similarity to M33, being about 50,000 light years in diameter and containing numerous star- forming H II regions. The northern spiral arm connects it to the star forming region NGC 2404.
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NGC 2500 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Lynx which was discovered by William Herschel in 1788. Much like the local group in which our own Milky Way galaxy is situated, NGC 2500 is part of NGC 2841 group of galaxies which also includes NGC 2541, NGC 2537 and NGC 2552. It has a H II nucleus and exhibits a weak inner ring structure.
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Tololo 1247-232 (Tol 1247 or T1247)) is a small galaxy at a distance of (redshift z=0.0480). It is situated in the southern equatorial constellation of Hydra. Visually, Tol 1247 appears to be an irregular or possibly a barred spiral galaxy. Tol 1247 is named after the surveys that were carried at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), the first of which was in 1976.
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The spiral galaxy, NGC 4622 (also called Backward galaxy), lies approx. 111 million light years away from Earth in the constellation Centaurus. NGC 4622 is an example of a galaxy with leading spiral arms. In spiral galaxies, spiral arms were thought to trail; the tips of the spiral arms winding away from the center of the galaxy in the direction of the disks orbital rotation.
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NGC 1169 (UGC 2503) is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Perseus. NGC 1169 has a reddish center, indicating the region is dominated by older stars. In contrast, the outer ring contains larger blue- white stars, a sign of recent star formation. The entire galaxy is rotating at approximately 265 km/s NGC 1169 was discovered on December 11, 1786 by William Herschel.
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NGC 4650A is a polar-ring lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Centaurus. It should not be confused with the spiral galaxy NGC 4650, which shares almost the same radial distance as NGC 4650A. The real distance between both galaxies is only about 6 times the optical radius of NGC 4650.Formation of polar ring galaxies, F. Bournaud, F. Combes, Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, École Normale Supérieure.
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NGC 7424 is a barred spiral galaxy located 37.5 million light-years away in the southern constellation Grus (the Crane). Its size (about 100,000 light- years) makes it similar to our own galaxy, the Milky Way. It is called a "grand design" galaxy because of its well defined spiral arms. One supernova and two ultraluminous X-ray sources have been discovered in NGC 7424.
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NGC 4183 is a spiral galaxy with a faint core and an open spiral structure located about 55 million light-years from the Sun. Spanning about eighty thousand light-years, it appears in the constellation of Canes Venatici. NGC 4183 was observed for the first time by British astronomer William Herschel on 14 January 1788. The galaxy is part of the Ursa Major Cluster.
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NGC 4639 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784. John L. E. Dreyer described it as "pretty bright, small, extended, mottled but not resolved, 12th magnitude star 1 arcmin to southeast". This is a relatively nearby galaxy, lying approximately 72 million light-years away from the Milky Way.
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NGC 444 is a spiral galaxy of type Sd located in the constellation Pisces. It was first discovered on October 26, 1854 by R. J. Mitchell (and later listed as NGC 444), and was also spotted on October 17, 1903 by Stéphane Javelle (and later listed as IC 1658). It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, much extended 135°, a little brighter middle." SDSS.
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NGC 2613, is a spiral galaxy in the southern constellation of Pyxis, next to the western constellation border with Puppis. It was discovered by the German- born astronomer William Herschel on November 20, 1784. With an apparent visual magnitude of 10.5, the galaxy is faintly visible using a telescope with a aperture. It appears spindle-shaped as it is almost edge-on to observers on Earth.
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SN 2005gl was a supernova in the barred-spiral galaxy NGC 266. It was discovered using CCD frames taken October 5, 2005, from the 60 cm automated telescope at the Puckett Observatory in Georgia, US, and reported by Tim Puckett in collaboration with Peter Ceravolo. It was independently identified by Yasuo Sano in Japan. The supernova was located 29.8″ east and 16.7″ north of the galactic core.
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NGC 5010 is a lenticular galaxy located about 140 million light years away, in the constellation Virgo. It is considered a LIRG (Luminous Infrared Galaxy). As the galaxy has few young blue stars and mostly red old stars and dust, it is transitioning from being a spiral galaxy to being an elliptical galaxy, with its spiral arms having burned out and become dusty arms.
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NGC 488 is a face-on spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is at a distance of about 90 million light-years away from Earth.NGC 488 Galaxy Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies, Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes Its diameter is estimated to be 52,6 Kpc (171.000 ly). The galaxy has a large central bulge, and is considered a prototype galaxy with multiple spiral arms.
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NGC 4394 is a SBb barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices and is situated about 39.5 million light-years (12.1 megaparsecs) from Earth. It was discovered on 14 March 1784 by the German–British astronomer William Herschel. It is a presumed companion to the lenticular galaxy M85 / NGC 4382, which lies 8 arc minutes away. It is also a member of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 5907 (also known as Knife Edge Galaxy or Splinter Galaxy) is a spiral galaxy located approximately 50 million light years from Earth. It has an anomalously low metallicity and few detectable giant stars, being apparently composed almost entirely of dwarf stars. It is a member of the NGC 5866 Group. NGC 5907 has long been considered a prototypical example of a warped spiral in relative isolation.
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The galaxy has been identified as a good place to take detailed images in case of further supernovae. NGC 4027 is another member of the NGC 4038 group, notable for its extended spiral arm. Known as the Ringtail Galaxy, it lies close to 31 Crateris. A barred spiral galaxy, its distorted shape is probably due to a past collision, possibly with the nearby NGC 4027A.
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ESO 510-G13 is a warped spiral galaxy located 150 million light-years from Earth. Though most galactic disks are flat because of their rate of rotation, their conformation can be changed, as is the case with this galaxy. Astronomers speculate that this is due to interactions with other galaxies. NGC 5068 may be a member of the M83 group, but its identity is disputed.
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NGC 6872, also known as the Condor Galaxy, is a large barred spiral galaxy of type ' in the constellation Pavo. It is from Earth and is approximately five billion years old. is interacting with the lenticular galaxy , which is less than one twelfth as large. The galaxy has two elongated arms; from tip to tip, measures , making it one of the largest known spiral galaxies.
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NGC 7080 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 204.5 million light-years away in the constellation of Vulpecula. It has an estimated diameter of about 100,000 light-years which would make it similar in size to the Milky Way. NGC 7080 was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on September 6, 1863. According to Harold Corwin, NGC 7054 is a duplicate observation of NGC 7080.
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The galaxy shows a red shift of 0.00935 and has a heliocentric radial velocity of 2,803 km/s. It has an estimated mass of 72 billion times the mass of the Sun and stretches around across. The morphological classification of this galaxy is SAB(r)a?, which indicates a weakly barred spiral galaxy (SAB) with a ring-like structure (r) and possible tightly-wound arms (a?).
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The corotation circle is the circle around the galactic center of a spiral galaxy, where the stars move at the same speed as the spiral arms. The radius of this circle is called the corotation radius. Inside the circle the stars move faster and outside they move slower than the spiral arms. The Sun is located near the corotation circle of the Milky Way.
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NGC 4689 is a spiral galaxy located about 54 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. NGC 4689 is also classified as a LINER galaxy. NGC 4689 is inclined at an angle of about 36° which means that the galaxy is seen almost face-on to the Earth's line of sight. NGC 4689 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784.
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NGC 2404 is massive H II region inside NGC 2403, a spiral galaxy in Camelopardalis. It was discovered on February 2, 1886 by Gulliaume Bigourdan. NGC 2404 is approximately ≈ 2000 ly in diameter, making it one of the largest H II regions so far known. NGC 2404 is even larger than the Tarantula Nebula, one of the largest and most active H II regions in Local Group.
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NGC 7812 (also known PGC 195) as is a Spiral Galaxy in the constellation Sculptor, though it might look like it is in Pisces if observed at the wrong angle. The galaxy was discovered on 25 September 1865 by Sir John Hershel. At its widest, it measures approximately 100-thousand light years (30660 parsecs) across, and is 315 million light years away from Earth.
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The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy 2.73 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum. It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC 598. The Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, behind the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. It is one of the most distant permanent objects that can be viewed with the naked eye.
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PGC 13809 is a spiral, almost edge-on galaxy in the constellation Fornax. It was discovered by the European Southern Observatory and it is a member of the Fornax Cluster. PGC 13809 has a Hubble classification of Sc, indicating it is an unbarred spiral galaxy with loose spiral arms. It is also seen nearly edge- on, with an angle of about ≈80 degrees (≈80°).
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NGC 6814 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in constellation Aquila. It is located at a distance of about 75 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 6814 is about 85,000 light years across. NGC 6814 has an extremely bright nucleus and is a type 1.5 Seyfert galaxy. The galaxy is also a highly variable source of X-ray radiation.
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The M109 Group (also known as the NGC 3992 Group or Ursa Major cloud) is a group of galaxies about 55 million light-years awayThe Ursa Major Groups in the constellation Ursa Major. The group is named after the brightest galaxy within the group, the spiral galaxy M109. NGC 3982. NGC 4157, seen by the 32 inch Schulman Foundation telescope on Mt. Lemmon, USA.
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NGC 7582 is a spiral galaxy of the Hubble type SB(s)ab in the constellation Grus. It has an angular size of 5.0' × 2.1' and an apparent magnitude of 11.37. It is about 70 million light years away from Earth and has a diameter of about 100,000 light years. The galaxy is classified as a Seyfert 2 galaxy, a type of active galaxy.
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It has a horseshoe-shaped structure at its center that indicates the presence of a supermassive black hole. The structure itself is formed by superwinds from the black hole. NGC 3310 is another starburst spiral galaxy located 50 million light-years from Earth. Its bright white color is caused by its higher than usual rate of star formation, which began 100 million years ago after a merger.
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UGC 9391 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy in constellation Draco. 130 milion light years from Earth, it is not a member of any group of galaxies, and is moving away from the Earth at 1939 km/s. The Hubble Space Telescope took a photo of Draco in 2016. In 2003, a supernova catalogued as SN 2003du was detected within the galaxy, with an apparent magnitude of 15.9.
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Lenticular galaxies like these are thought to be intermediate between spiral galaxies and elliptical galaxies, and like elliptical galaxies, they have very little gas for star formation. IC 335 may have once been a spiral galaxy that ran out of interstellar medium, or it may have collided with a galaxy in the past and thus used up all of its gas (See Interacting galaxy).
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NGC 779 is a spiral galaxy seen edge-on, located in the constellation Cetus. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 779 is about 70,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 10, 1785. NGC 779 features a bright nucleus and an elliptical or boxy bulge.
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NGC 5195 and the Whirlpool Galaxy compose one of the most noted interacting galaxy pairs in astronomy. The two galaxies are listed in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as one of several prominent examples of a spiral galaxy with a companion galaxy. The system was also the subject of very early theoretical investigations into galaxy interactions. The two galaxies are connected by a dust-rich tidal bridge.
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In 1979, the galaxy was classified as a barred spiral galaxy. Soon after, in 1984, the galaxy was included in a study of blue compact dwarf galaxies, incompatible with the classification of a barred spiral. However, the barred spiral classification was considered the correct classification for years. It was not until the mid 1990s that the galaxy was first recognized as a dwarf irregular galaxy.
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NGC 4222 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784 and is often misidentified as IC 3087. NGC 4222 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is a companion of NGC 4216 which lies about away. Despite this, the two galaxies are not interacting.
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UGC 4904 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Lynx, located about 77 million light-years from Earth. On October 20, 2004, a supernova impostor was observed by Japanese amateur astronomer Koichi Itagaki within the galaxy. This same star may have transitioned from a LBV star to a Wolf–Rayet star shortly before it was observed as blowing up as hypernova SN 2006jc on October 11, 2006.
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This is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy with one of the largest circumnuclear outflows known in galaxies of this type. This outflow reaches velocities of up to and spans . The star formation rate appears normal for a spiral galaxy at yr−1, and the majority (68%) is occurring in the spiral arms. The core appears faint in the ultraviolet band, indicating heavy extinction within the active galactic nucleus.
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NGC 7314 is a spiral galaxy located in the southern constellation of Piscis Austrinus. It was discovered by English astronomer John Herschel on July 29, 1834. This is a nearby Seyfert (active) galaxy, located at a distance of approximately from the Milky Way. Since it appears to have detached spiral arm segments (either from dust lanes or bright star clusters), it was listed in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
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NGC 5866 (also called the Spindle Galaxy or Messier 102) is a relatively bright lenticular or spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco. NGC 5866 was most likely discovered by Pierre Méchain or Charles Messier in 1781, and independently found by William Herschel in 1788. Measured orbital velocities of its globular cluster system imply that dark matter makes up only 34±45% of the mass within 5 effective radii; a notable paucity.
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NGC 1097 (also known as Caldwell 67) is a barred spiral galaxy about 45 million light years away in the constellation Fornax. It was discovered by William Herschel on 9 October 1790. It is a severely interacting galaxy with obvious tidal debris and distortions caused by interaction with the companion galaxy NGC 1097A. Three supernovae (SN 1992bd, SN 1999eu, and SN 2003B) have been observed in NGC 1097 since 1992.
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NGC 2748 is a spiral galaxy in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. It was discovered September 2, 1828 by John Herschel. The morphological classification of SAbc indicates this is an unbarred spiral with moderate to losely-wound spiral arms. It is a disk-like peculiar galaxy with a stellar shell that is rotating about the main galactic axis.
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Perseus also contains a giant molecular cloud, called the Perseus molecular cloud; it belongs to the Orion Spur and is known for its low rate of star formation compared to similar clouds. Perseus contains some notable galaxies. NGC 1023 is a barred spiral galaxy of magnitude 10.35, around from Earth. It is the principal member of the NGC 1023 group of galaxies and is possibly interacting with another galaxy.
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In visible light, one of the spiral arms appears to have a disconnected segment. Halton Arp included this galaxy in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as one of several examples where this phenomenon occurs. NGC 4088 and NGC 4085 are members of the M109 Group, a group of galaxies located in the constellation Ursa Major. This large group contains between 41 and 58 galaxies, including the spiral galaxy M109.
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IC 755 is a spiral galaxy that lies 70 million light-years away in the Coma Berenices constellation. In 1999 a star within IC 755 was seen to explode as a supernova and named SN 1999an. Supernovae like SN 1999an are classified as Type IIs and they are dramatic events that mark the end of the lives of massive stars. The supernova was discovered by the Beijing Astronomical Observatory Supernova Survey.
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NGC 5774 is interacting with the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 5775 in the form of two connecting H I bridges through which the gas is travelling from NGC 5774 to NGC 5775. Faint optical emission, as well as radio continuum emission, are also present along the bridges. It is possible that star formation is occurring between the galaxies. This system may be in the early stages of a merger.
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The object was initially described by Stoney as "extremely faint, extremely small, stellar, 5 arcmin north of h 103". The position noted not only corresponds with the coordinates of the spiral galaxy (PGC 1281966), but also a faint star. As the object was characterized as stellar, it is assumed that the initial observation was of the star, not PGC 1281966 that is generally referred to as NGC 486 today.
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SN 2006X was a Type Ia supernova about 65 million light-years away in Messier 100, a spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices. The supernova was independently discovered in early February 2006 by Shoji Suzuki of Japan and Marco Migliardi of Italy. Evolution of the Sodium line in the spectrum of SN 2006X as a function of time. SN 2006X is particularly significant because it is a Type Ia supernova.
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NGC 806 and PGC 3100716 (SDSS) NGC 806 and PGC 3100716 form a pair of galaxies in gravitational interaction. These two galaxies are either colliding or are the result of a collision. PGC 3100716 is a spiral galaxy with an apparent size of 0.09 by 0.08 arcmin. It was not included in the original version of the New General Catalogue, and was later added as NGC 806-2.
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NGC 546 (also known as ESO 296-25, IRAS 01229-3819, MCG −6-4-29 and PGC 5255) is a transverse spiral galaxy about 299 million light years away from Earth and located in the constellation Sculptor. The largest diameter is 1.40 (122 thousand light years) and the smallest is 0.5 angular minutes (43 thousand light years). The first discovery was made by John Frederick William Herschel on 23 October 1835.
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NGC 3642 is a spiral galaxy in constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy has a low- ionization nuclear emission-line region. It is located at a distance of circa 30 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3642 is about 50,000 light years across. The galaxy is characterised by an outer pseudoring, which was probably formed after the accretion of gas rich dwarf galaxy.
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NGC 3191 (also known as NGC 3192) is a barred spiral galaxy in constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 400 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3191 is about 115,000 light years across. The galaxy has been distorted and interacts with a companion 1.3 armin to the west. An extremely blue tidal bridge lies between them.
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NGC 3810 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is located at a distance of circa 50 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3810 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 15, 1784.NGC 3810 cseligman.com Celestial Atlas The bright galaxy NGC 3810 demonstrates spiral structure similar to that of Messier 77.
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Messier 77 or M77, also known as NGC 1068, is a barred spiral galaxy about 47 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus. Messier 77 was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780, who originally described it as a nebula. Méchain then communicated his discovery to Charles Messier, who subsequently listed the object in his catalog. Both Messier and William Herschel described this galaxy as a star cluster.
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NGC 6907 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Capricornus. It is located at a distance of circa 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 6907 is about 115,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on July 12, 1784. The total infrared luminosity of the galaxy is , and thus it is categorised as a luminous infrared galaxy.
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SN 2013ej is a Type II-P supernova in the nearby spiral galaxy Messier 74 (NGC 628). It was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search on July 25, 2013, with the 0.76 m Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, with pre-discovery images having been taken the day before. Supernova 2013ej was noted for being as bright as 10th magnitude. SN 2013ej was compared to supernovas SN 2004et and SN 2007od.
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The Centaurus A/M83 Group is a complex group of galaxies in the constellations Hydra, Centaurus, and Virgo. The group may be roughly divided into two subgroups. The Cen A Subgroup, at a distance of 11.9 Mly (3.66 Mpc), is centered on Centaurus A, a nearby radio galaxy. The M83 Subgroup, at a distance of 14.9 Mly (4.56 Mpc), is centered on the Messier 83 (M83), a face- on spiral galaxy.
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Messier 96 (also known as M96 or NGC 3368) is an intermediate spiral galaxy about 31 million light-years away in the constellation Leo (the Lion). It was discovered by French astronomer Pierre Méchain on March 20, 1781. After communicating his finding, French astronomer Charles Messier confirmed the finding four days later and added it to his catalogue of nebulous objects. Finding this object is extremely difficult with binoculars.
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NGC 4145 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the Ursa Major galaxy cluster, 68 million light years from the Earth. The galaxy has little star formation, except on its outer edges. Due to the loss of energy that occurs without star formation, some astronomers predict that the galaxy will degenerate into a lenticular galaxy in the near future. However, the galaxy's interaction with NGC 4151 may "maintain [its] star formation".
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NGC 2770 is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Lynx, near the northern constellation border with Cancer. It was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on December 7, 1785. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as, "faint, large, much extended 150°, mottled but not resolved, 2 stars to north". NGC 2770 was the target for the first binocular image produced by the Large Binocular Telescope.
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NGC 4647 is a spiral galaxy estimated to be around 63 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. NGC 4647 is listed along with Messier 60 as being part of a pair of galaxies called Arp 116; their designation in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. The galaxy is located on the outskirts of the Virgo Cluster.
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NGC 4631 (also known as the Whale Galaxy or Caldwell 32) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. This galaxy's slightly distorted wedge shape gives it the appearance of a herring or a whale, hence its nickname. Because this nearby galaxy is seen edge-on from Earth, professional astronomers observe this galaxy to better understand the gas and stars located outside the plane of the galaxy.
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NGC 1961 (also known as IC 2133) is a spiral galaxy in constellation Camelopardalis. It is at a distance of circa 200 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1961 is more than 220,000 light years across. The galaxy has been distorted, however no companion has been detected nor double nuclei that could show a recent merger. Its outer arms are highly irregular.
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NGC 613 is a barred spiral galaxy located 67 million light years away in the southern constellation of Sculptor. It is a candidate outlying member of the Sculptor Group, a gravitationally-bound group of galaxies. This galaxy was discovered in 1798 by German-English astronomer William Herschel, then re- discovered and catalogued by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. It was first photographed in 1912, which revealed the spiral form of the nebula.
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NGC 877 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Aries. It is located at a distance of circa 160 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 877 is about 115,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 14, 1784. It interacts with NGC 876. NGC 877 features two spiral arms with a grand design pattern and slightly disturbed morphology.
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NGC 5793 is an active spiral galaxy located approximately 150 million light years away in the constellation Libra. It is classified as a seyfert galaxy and was discovered by Francis Leavenworth in 1886. In 2014, the Hubble Space Telescope examined and photographed NGC 5793. Seyfert galaxies such as NGC 5793 are known to house megamasers, these megamasers are capable of having a luminosity of thousands of times greater than the Sun.
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NGC 6786 is an interacting spiral galaxy 350 million light years from the Earth, in the constellation of Draco. In 2004, a supernova occurred inside the galaxy. NGC 6786 is currently interacting with LEDA 62867, and, being the larger galaxy, it is likely that NGC 6786 will absorb LEDA 62867 in the future. Both galaxies appear to be undergoing a starburst, a phenomenon commonly seen among interacting and merging galaxies.
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NGC 5090 and NGC 5091 are a set of galaxies approximately away in the constellation Centaurus. They are in the process of colliding and merging with some evidence of tidal disruption of NGC 5091. NGC 5090 is an elliptical galaxy while NGC 5091 is a barred spiral galaxy. The radial velocity of the nucleus of NGC 5090 has been measured at , while NGC 5091 has a radial velocity of .
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UGC 12158 or PGC 69533 is an Sb-type barred spiral galaxy located approximately away from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus. Its tight spiral disk spans approximately across, whose scale at heliocentric distance is about 36.9 kiloparsecs per arcmin. It is also often stated to resemble the Milky Way in appearance, which is mostly due to its disk inclination being almost perpendicular to the line of sight.
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M87 is about from Earth and is the second-brightest galaxy within the northern Virgo Cluster, having many satellite galaxies. Unlike a disk-shaped spiral galaxy, M87 has no distinctive dust lanes. Instead, it has an almost featureless, ellipsoidal shape typical of most giant elliptical galaxies, diminishing in luminosity with distance from the center. Forming around one-sixth of its mass, M87's stars have a nearly spherically symmetric distribution.
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LEDA 89996, also known by its 2MASS designation 2MASS J04542829-6625280, is a spiral galaxy. It is located within the Dorado constellation and appears very close to the Large Magellanic Cloud. The galaxy was observed by the Hubble Telescope in 6 July 2015 and is similar in appearance to the Milky Way being spiral shaped with winding spiral arms. The darker patches between the arms is dust and gas.
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NGC 1142 and NGC 1141 imaged by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey NGC 1142 (also known as NGC 1144) is a distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is located about 370 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 1142 is approximately 170,000 light years across. It is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy. It interacts with the elliptical galaxy NGC 1141.
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Studies of this and other starburst galaxies have shown that their starburst phase can last for hundreds of millions of years, far longer than was previously assumed. NGC 4013 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located 55 million light-years from Earth. It has a prominent dust lane and has several visible star forming regions. I Zwicky 18 is a young dwarf galaxy at a distance of 45 million light-years.
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NGC 331 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Francis Leavenworth. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, very small, round, a little brighter middle, 12th magnitude star 3 arcmin northeast." There are two candidates as to which object is NGC 331: PGC 2759 or PGC 3406, with the former being a much more likely candidate than the latter.
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NGC 2906 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is located at a distance of circa 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2906 is about 75,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 28, 1785. The galaxy is characterised by a normal star formation rate, which has been calculated to be 0.8 per year.
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NGC 150 (also known as PGC 2052) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Sculptor. It is about 70 million light years away from the solar system, and it has a diameter of about 55,000 light years. It was discovered on 20 November 1886, by Lewis A. Swift. The Type II supernova SN 1990K was detected in NGC 150, and was reported to be similar to SN 1987A.
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NGC 3184 is a spiral galaxy approximately 40 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It has two HII regions named NGC 3180 and NGC 3181. NGC 3184 houses a high abundance of heavy elements and (SN 1999gi) that was a magnitude 14 Type II supernova detected on December 9, 1999. Other supernovae in NGC 3184 include 1921B (mag 13.5), 1921C (mag 11) and 1937F (mag 13.5).
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NGC 4212 is a flocculent spiral galaxy with LINER activity located about 53 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784 and was listed in the NGC catalog as NGC 4208. He then observed the same galaxy and listed it as NGC 4212. Astronomer John Louis Emil Dreyer later concluded that NGC 4208 was identical to NGC 4212.
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NGC 1357 has a Hubble classification of Sab, which indicates it is a spiral galaxy with no bar. It is moving from away from the Milky Way at a rate of 2,018 km/s. Its size on the night sky is 3.2' x 2.4' which is proportional to its real size of the 85 000 ly. NGC 1357's surface brightness profile shows a small bulge and a large, fairly exponential disk.
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NGC 493, also occasionally referred to as PGC 4979 or GC 281, is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is located approximately 90 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on December 20, 1786 by astronomer William Herschel. It was later also observed by his son, John Herschel. John Dreyer, creator of the New General Catalogue, described the galaxy as "very faint, large, much extended 60°" with "a little brighter middle".
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The larger galaxy was probably a spiral galaxy before the collision, but was damaged and now appears peculiar. It is unlikely that any stars in the two galaxies collided directly because of the vast distances between them. The gas, dust, and ambient magnetic fields of the galaxies, however, do interact directly in a collision. As a result of this interaction, the smaller galaxy has probably lost most of its interstellar medium to the larger one.
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NGC 2442 and NGC 2443 are two parts of a single intermediate spiral galaxy, commonly known as the Meathook Galaxy. It is about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Volans, and was discovered by Sir John Herschel on December 23, 1834. Associated with this galaxy is HIPASS J0731-69, a cloud of gas devoid of any stars. It is likely that the cloud was torn loose from NGC 2442 by a companion.
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It has an apparent magnitude of 12.1. Appearing undisturbed in visible light, it shows signs of having undergone a collision or merger when viewed at longer wavelengths, with disturbed patterns of ionized hydrogen including a filament of gas around 64,000 light-years long. It is part of a group of ten galaxies. NGC 7410 is a spiral galaxy discovered by British astronomer John Herschel during observations at the Cape of Good Hope in October 1834.
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NGC 4013 is an edge-on barred spiral galaxy about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. The disk of NGC 4013 shows a distinct "peanut"-shaped bulge in long exposure photographs that N-body computer simulations suggest is consistent with a stellar bar seen perpendicular to the line of sight.Combes, F. and Sanders, R.H., "Formation and properties of persisting stellar bars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 96, no. 1-2, Mar.
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The globular cluster Arp-Madore 1 is the most remote known globular cluster in the Milky Way at a distance of from Earth. NGC 1512 is a barred spiral galaxy 2.1 degrees west-southwest of Alpha Horologii with an apparent magnitude of 10.2. About five arcmin (13.8 kpc) away is the dwarf lenticular galaxy NGC 1510. The two are in the process of a merger which has been going on for 400 million years.
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When a star passes near a binary system, the orbit of the latter pair tends to contract, releasing energy. Only after the primordial supply of binaries is exhausted due to interactions can a deeper core collapse proceed. In contrast, the effect of tidal shocks as a globular cluster repeatedly passes through the plane of a spiral galaxy tends to significantly accelerate core collapse. The different stages of core-collapse may be divided into three phases.
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The Blue Planetary was discovered by John Herschel and named for its color's similarity to Uranus, though the nebula is apparently three times larger than the planet. Centaurus is rich in galaxies as well. NGC 4622 is a face-on spiral galaxy located 200 million light-years from Earth (redshift 0.0146). Its spiral arms wind in both directions, which makes it nearly impossible for astronomers to determine the rotation of the galaxy.
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Arp 240 is a pair of interacting spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. The two galaxies are listed together as Arp 240 in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. The galaxy on the right is known as NGC 5257, while the galaxy on the left is known as NGC 5258. Both galaxies are distorted by the gravitational interaction, and both are connected by a tidal bridge, as can be seen in images of these galaxies.
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NGC 5774 is an intermediate spiral galaxy approximately 71 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by Irish engineer Bindon Stoney on April 26, 1851. NGC 5774 belongs to a small group of galaxies, together with nearby NGC 5775 and IC 1070. It has been classified as a "low surface brightness" (LSB) galaxy, but its central surface brightness is 5 times brighter than the brightest LSB galaxies.
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Soderberg and her colleagues detected the supernova SN 2008D as it was occurring on January 9, 2008, using data from NASA's Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission X-ray space telescope, from a precursor star in the spiral galaxy NGC 2770, 88 million light years away (27 Mpc). They alerted eight other orbiting and ground-based observatories to record the event.Overbye, Dennis. "Scientists See Supernova in Action", The New York Times, May 22, 2008.
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SN 1996ah was a supernova located in the spiral galaxy NGC 5640 in the constellation of Camelopardalis. It was discovered on June 6, 1996 by American astronomer Jean Mueller, who was using the 1.2-m Oschin Schmidt telescope in the course of the second Palomar Sky Survey. SN 1996ah had magnitude about 18 and was located 5" west and 1" south of the center of NGC 5640. It was classified as type Ia supernova.
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NGC 4242 is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. The galaxy is about 18 million light years (5.5 megaparsecs) away. It was discovered on 10 April 1788 by William Herschel, and it was described as "very faint, considerably large, irregular, round, very gradually brighter in the middle, resolvable" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue. NGC 4242's galaxy morphological type is SABdm.
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NGC 278 is an isolated spiral galaxy in the northern circumpolar constellation of Cassiopeia, near the southern constellation boundary with Andromeda. It lies at a distance of approximately from the Milky Way, giving it a physical scale of per arcsecond. The galaxy was discovered on December 11, 1786 by German-born astronomer William Herschel. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as, "considerably bright, pretty large, round, 2 stars of 10th magnitude near".
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Dwingeloo 1 is a barred spiral galaxy about 10 million light-years away from the Earth, in the constellation Cassiopeia. It lies in the Zone of Avoidance and is heavily obscured by the Milky Way. The size and mass of Dwingeloo 1 are comparable to those of Triangulum Galaxy. Dwingeloo 1 has two smaller satellite galaxies — Dwingeloo 2 and MB 3 — and is a member of the IC 342/Maffei Group of galaxies.
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UGCA 86 is a magellanic spiral galaxy. It was first thought to be part of the Local Group, but after the brightest stars in the galaxy were observed, it became clear that it was located in the IC 342/Maffei Group. UGCA 86 is thought to be a satellite galaxy of IC 342, however the separation between the two galaxies is over 50% larger than the distance between the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds.
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NGC 2552 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy located some 22 million light years away in the faint northern constellation of Lynx. This is a type of unbarred dwarf galaxy, usually with a single spiral arm. It is inclined by 41° to the line of sight from the Earth along a position angle of 229°. The measured velocity dispersion of the stars in NGC 2552 is relatively low—a mere 19 ± 2 km/s.
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This object was originally described as a dust-obscured grand-design galaxy – a term used to indicate a type of spiral galaxy with prominent and well-defined spiral arms. However, observation of its features suggests it has undergone a high- velocity, off-center collision with a nearby dwarf galaxy, designated S2 by Wong et al. (2006), about 330 million years ago. This has result in a distinctive C-shaped ring of Hydrogen alpha emission.
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Messier 99 or M99, also known as NGC 4254, is a grand design spiral galaxy in the northern constellation Coma Berenices approximately in distance from the Milky Way. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 17, 1781. The discovery was then reported to Charles Messier, who included the object in the Messier Catalogue of comet-like objects. Messier 99 was one of the first galaxies in which a spiral pattern was seen.
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NGC 3982 NGC 3982 is a Seyfert 2 galaxy that spans about 30,000 light-years, about one-third of the size of our Milky Way galaxy. The galaxy is receding from us at about 1109 km/s. The galaxy is a typical spiral galaxy, similar to our Milky Way. It harbors a supermassive black hole at its core and has massive regions of star formation in the bright blue knots in the spiral arms.
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NGC 275 is a barred spiral galaxy located approximately 63 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It is one of a pair of galaxies, the other being NGC 274. It was discovered on October 9, 1828 by John Herschel. The galaxy was described as "very faint, small, round, southeastern of 2" by John Dreyer in the New General Catalogue, with the other of the two galaxies being NGC 274.
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NGC 5965 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 150 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5965 is about 260,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on May 5, 1788. Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 5965, SN 2001 cm (type II, mag 17.5) and SN 2018cyg (type II, mag 17.0).
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NGC 5754 and surrounding galaxies, Schulman Foundation 32 inch telescope on Mt. Lemmon, AZ, courtesy Adam Block NGC 5754 is a barred spiral galaxy located 218 million light years away in the constellation Boötes. It is a member of the Arp 297 interacting galaxies group, which consists of NGC 5752, NGC 5753, NGC 5754, NGC 5755. Along with NGC 2718 and UGC 12158, NGC 5754 is often considered a Milky Way-twin.
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NGC 691 is an unbarred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Aries. It is located at a distance of circa 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 691 is about 130,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on November 13, 1786. NGC 691 features a multiple ring structure, with three rings recognised in the infrared, with diameters of 1.03, 1.67, and 2.79 arcminutes.
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NGC 10 is a spiral galaxy located in the southern constellation of Sculptor. It was discovered by John Herschel on 25 September 1834. The galaxy is located at a distance of from the Sun. Its morphological classification in the De Vaucouleurs system is SAB(rs)bc, where the 'SAB' denotes a weak-barred spiral, '(rs)' indicates a slight ring-like structure, and 'bc' means the spiral arms are moderately to loosely wound.
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NGC 7 is a spiral galaxy located in the Sculptor constellation. It was discovered by English astronomer John Herschel in 1834, who was using an 18.7 inch reflector telescope at the time. Astronomer Steve Gottlieb described the galaxy as faint, albeit large, and edge-on from the perspective of the Milky Way; he also noted how the galaxy could only be observed clearly with peripheral vision, not by looking directly at it.
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The Galactic Bulge: A Review This structure often looks similar to a spiral galaxy, but is much smaller. Giant spiral galaxies are typically 2–100 times the size of those spirals that exist in bulges. Where they exist, these central spirals dominate the light of the bulge in which they reside. Typically the rate at which new stars are formed in pseudobulges is similar to the rate at which stars form in disk galaxies.
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NGC 5229 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is a member of the M51 Group although in reality it is relatively isolated from other galaxies. The galaxy's disc is somewhat warped and appears to consist of a series of interconnected clusters of stars from our vantage point on Earth. It is approximately 7 kiloparsecs (23,000 light-years) in diameter and is about 13.7 billion years old.
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NGC 5979, a planetary nebula of apparent magnitude 12.3, has a blue-green hue at higher magnifications, while Henize 2-138 is a smaller planetary nebula of magnitude 11.0. NGC 5938 is a remote spiral galaxy around 300 million light-years (90 megaparsecs) away. It is located 5 degrees south of Epsilon Trianguli Australis. ESO 69-6 is a pair of merging galaxies located about 600 million light-years (185 megaparsecs) away.
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NGC 1084 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of about 63 million light-years away from the Milky Way. The galaxy was discovered by William Herschel on 10 January 1785. It has multiple spiral arms, which are not well defined. It belongs in the same galaxy group with NGC 988, NGC 991, NGC 1022, NGC 1035, NGC 1042, NGC 1047, NGC 1052 and NGC 1110.
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IC 1993 is a galaxy with several spiral arms in its disc, and it has a Hubble classification of (R')SA(s)bc, indicating it is an intermediate spiral galaxy with ring on its outer edges. It is a remote galaxy, far from center of Fornax Cluster. It is at the edge of Fornax Cluster. Near the galaxy is bright foreground star that makes deep observations more difficult, so the galaxy's apparent magnitude is 12.6.
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The blue progenitor system of the type-Iax supernova 2012Z in the spiral galaxy NGC 1309 is similar to the progenitor of the Galactic helium nova V445 Puppis, suggesting that SN 2012Z was the explosion of a white dwarf accreting from a helium-star companion. It is observed to have caused a growing helium star that has the potential to transform into a red giant after losing its hydrogen envelope in the future.
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NGC 3626 (also known as Caldwell 40) is a medium-tightness spiral galaxy and Caldwell object in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by William Herschel, on 14 March 1784. It shines at magnitude +10.6/+10.9. Its celestial coordinates are RA , dec . It is located near the naked-eye-class A4 star Zosma, as well as galaxies NGC 3608, NGC 3607, NGC 3659, NGC 3686, NGC 3684, NGC 3691, NGC 3681, and NGC 3655.
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Both of these morphological traits—a dominant spiral arm and the offset bar—are typically characteristics of a Magellanic spiral galaxy. The galaxy is inclined at an angle of 55° to the line of sight along a position angle of 102°. The galaxy is a member of the NGC 1023 Group, a nearby, gravitationally-bound group of galaxies associated with NGC 1023. However, the nearest member lies at least distant from NGC 925.
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The nearby spiral galaxy NGC 1313 has two compact ULXs, X-1 and X-2. For X-1 the X-ray luminosity increases to a maximum of 3 × 1033 W, exceeding the Eddington limit, and enters a steep power-law state at high luminosities more indicative of a stellar-mass black hole, whereas X-2 has the opposite behavior and appears to be in the hard X-ray state of an IMBH.
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NGC 765 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Aries. It is located at a distance of circa 220 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 765 is about 195,000 light years across. It was discovered by Albert Marth on October 8, 1864. The galaxy has an extensive hydrogen (HI) disk with low surface brightness, whose diameter is estimated to be 240 kpc (780,000 light years).
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NGC 4314 is a member of the Coma I group of galaxies. The morphological classification of this galaxy is SBa, which indicates a barred spiral galaxy (SB) with very tightly wound spiral arms (a). It is inclined at an angle of 21° to the line of sight from the Earth, and the primary bar is oriented with a position angle of 158°. The bar extends out to a diameter of before joining the spiral arms.
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Down are some famous objects in this cluster: NGC 1365 is another barred spiral galaxy located at a distance of 56 million light-years from Earth. Like NGC 1097, it is also a Seyfert galaxy. Its bar is a center of star formation and shows extensions of the spiral arms' dust lanes. The bright nucleus indicates the presence of an active galactic nucleus – a galaxy with a supermassive black hole at the center, accreting matter from the bar.
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The Magellanic Cloud galaxies were once classified as irregular galaxies. The Large Magellanic Cloud has since been re-classified as type SBm Corso, G. and Buscombe, W. The Observatory, 90, 229 - 233 (1970) On the spiral structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud a type of barred spiral galaxy, the barred Magellanic spiral type. The Small Magellanic Cloud remains classified as an irregular galaxy of type Im under current Galaxy morphological classification, although it does contain a bar structure.
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Demolition is the first full-length demo recorded by the thrash metal band Vektor. Although a self-released demo, it is occasionally regarded as the band's first full-length album, due to its 48-minute length. "Infiltration" and "Moonbase" are the only tracks exclusive to the demo; all the other tracks were re-recorded in the band's first and second albums, Black Future and Outer Isolation. "Spiral Galaxy" is the intro of "Oblivion" separated into its own track.
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Rotation curve of a typical spiral galaxy: predicted based on the visible matter (A) and observed (B). The distance is from the galactic core. In 1944, Hendrik van de Hulst predicted that microwave radiation with wavelength of 21 cm would be detectable from interstellar atomic hydrogen gas; and in 1951 it was observed. This radiation is not affected by dust absorption, and so its Doppler shift can be used to map the motion of the gas in our galaxy.
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NGC 7814 (also known as UGC 8 or Caldwell 43) is a spiral galaxy about 40 million light-years away in the constellation Pegasus. The galaxy is seen edge-on from Earth. It is sometimes referred to as "the little sombrero", a miniature version of Messier 104. The star field behind NGC 7814 is known for its density of faint, remote galaxies as can be seen in the image here – in the same vein as the Hubble Deep Field.
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It measures 7 arcminutes by 1 arcminute. It likely originated as a spiral galaxy and underwent a catastrophic gravitational interaction with Centaurus A around 500 million years ago, stopping its rotation and destroying its structure. NGC 4650A is a polar-ring galaxy 136 million light-years from Earth (redshift 0.01). It has a central core made of older stars that resembles an elliptical galaxy, and an outer ring of young stars that orbits around the core.
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NGC 1309 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 120 million light-years away, appearing in the constellation Eridanus. It is about 75,000 light-years across, and is about 3/4s the width of the Milky Way. Its shape is classified as SA(s)bc, meaning that it has moderately wound spiral arms and no ring. Bright blue areas of star formation can be seen in the spiral arms, while the yellowish central nucleus contains older-population stars.
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NGC 3281 is a large unbarred spiral galaxy in the southern constellation of Antlia, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. The galaxy is inclined by an angle of 64° to the line-of-sight from the Earth, with the major axis aligned with a position angle of 137°. It is a luminous infrared galaxy and a type II Seyfert galaxy. NGC 3281 is a member of the Antlia Cluster, which belongs to the Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster.
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NGC 289 is a spiral galaxy in the southern constellation of Sculptor, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. It was discovered on September 27, 1834 by John Herschel. The compiler of the New General Catalogue, John Louis Emil Dreyer noted that NGC 289 was "pretty bright, large, extended, between 2 considerably bright stars". The plane of the galaxy is inclined by an angle of 45° to the line of sight from the Earth.
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NGC 6286 is an interacting spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is designated as Sb/P in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the American astronomer Lewis A. Swift on 13 August 1885. NGC 6286 is located at about 252 million light years away from Earth. NGC 6286 and NGC 6285 form a pair of interacting galaxies, with tidal distortions, categorized as Arp 293 in the Arp Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
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NCG 5204 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy located about 14.5 million light-years away from EarthThe distance from Earth is . in the constellation of Ursa Major and is a member of the M101 Group of galaxies. It has a galaxy morphological classification of SA(s)m and is highly irregular, with only the barest indication of any spiral arm structure. The galaxy's most prominent feature is an extremely powerful X-ray source designated NGC 5204 X-1.
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NGC 7070A has a companion, the spiral galaxy NGC 7070 which are separated from each other at a projected distance of about . It has dust lanes which cross it and incomplete shells surrounding it. Also, there are faint luminous tails extending from the galaxy towards NGC 7070. It is theorized that these features may have formed due to the accretion of a smaller disk galaxy about a billion years ago which got disrupted by NGC 7070A.
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NGC 6300 is a barred Seyfert spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ara. It is designated as SB(rs)b in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop on 30 June 1826. NGC 6300 is located at about 51 million light years away from earth. It is suspected that a massive black hole (300,000 times the mass of Sun) may be at its center, pulling all the nearby objects into it.
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NGC 615 is a spiral galaxy seen edge-on located in the constellation Cetus. It is located at a distance of circa 70 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 615 is about 75,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on January 10, 1785. NGC 615 belongs to the NGC 584 galaxy group, which also includes the galaxies NGC 584, NGC 596, NGC 600, and NGC 636.
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Arp 147 (also known as IC 298) is an interacting pair of ring galaxies. It lies 430 million to 440 million light years away in the constellation Cetus and does not appear to be part of any significant galaxy group. The system was originally discovered in 1893 by Stephane Javelle and is listed in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. The system was formed when a spiral galaxy (image right) collided with an elliptical galaxy (image left).
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Today, however, the object is known to be a galaxy. The morphological classification of NGC 1068 in the De Vaucouleurs system is (R)SA(rs)b, where the '(R)' indicates an outer ring-like structure, 'SA' denotes a non-barred spiral, '(rs)' means a transitional inner ring/spiral structure, and 'b' says the spiral arms are moderately wound. Ann et al. (2015) gave it a class of SAa, suggesting a non-barred spiral galaxy with tightly wound arms.
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With a telescope of aperture, the galaxy is visible as a halo with a brighter core region. This complex galaxy is inclined by an angle of about 53° to the line of sight from the Earth, which is oriented at a position angle of 172°. It is categorized as a double-barred spiral galaxy with a small inner bulge through the core along with an outer bulge. The nucleus displays a weak level of activity of the LINER2 type.
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The center of a spiral galaxy contains at least one supermassive black hole. A retrograde black hole – one whose spin is opposite to that of its disk – spews jets much more powerful than those of a prograde black hole, which may have no jet at all. Scientists have produced a theoretical framework for the formation and evolution of retrograde black holes based on the gap between the inner edge of an accretion disk and the black hole.
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The head of cometary globule resembles a comet with a dusty cavernous mouth, as photographed by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in 2015. Composed of relatively dense, dark matter, it is an opaque structure that is being illuminated by the glow of a nearby star. An obscure red glow limbing the globule is possibly caused by emission from ionized hydrogen. The mouth of the globule appears to be ready to consume the edge-on spiral galaxy .
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NGC 276 is a barred spiral galaxy located approximately 626 million light- years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller and was later also observed by DeLisle Stewart. John Dreyer, creator of the New General Catalogue describes the object as "extremely faint, pretty small, extended 265°, 11 magnitude star 3 arcmin to north". The galaxy's right ascension was later corrected in the Index Catalogue using the observation data by Stewart.
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NGC 2936 is an interacting spiral galaxy located at a distance of 326 million light years, in the constellation Hydra. NGC 2936 is interacting with elliptical galaxy NGC 2937, located just beneath it. They were both discovered by Albert Marth on Mar 3, 1864.. To some astronomers, the galaxy looks like a penguin or a porpoise. NGC 2936, NGC 2937, and PGC 1237172 are included in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 142 in the category "Galaxy triplet".
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In astronomy, quenching is a process in which a galaxy loses cold gas, thus strongly suppressing star formation. Evidence suggests that active supermassive black holes drive the process. One common evolutionary path on the galaxy color–magnitude diagram may start with a blue spiral galaxy with much star formation. The black hole at its center may start growing rapidly, and somehow start quenching the galaxy, which relatively quickly transitions thru the "green valley", ending up more red.
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NGC 7013 is tilted 90° to the Earth's line of sight, allowing its structure to be seen. However, NGC 7013 is classified as either as a spiral galaxy with tightly wound arms or as a lenticular galaxy. NGC 7013 is also considered part of a class of galactic nuclei that is defined by their spectral line emissions, called low-ionization nuclear emission-line region galaxies or LINERs. The galaxy appears to have two rings in its structure.
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Wolven's first professional sale was the short story "An Art, Like Everything Else", published in Asimov's Science Fiction April–May 2008. It received positive reviews among bloggers with one blogger calling it the best story in the issue. It was called "a beautiful story with a tear-jerker ending" by Spiral Galaxy Reviews, while another said it was a "nice idea" but a "saccharine" execution. The story was republished in St Martin's Press's Year's Best Science Fiction of 2009.
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NGC 680, an elliptical galaxy with an asymmetrical boundary, is the brighter of the two at magnitude 12.9; NGC 678 has a magnitude of 13.35. Both galaxies have bright cores, but NGC 678 is the larger galaxy at a diameter of 171,000 light-years; NGC 680 has a diameter of 72,000 light-years. NGC 678 is further distinguished by its prominent dust lane. NGC 691 itself is a spiral galaxy slightly inclined to our line of sight.
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ESO 137-001 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Triangulum Australe and in the cluster Abell 3627. As the galaxy moves to the center of the cluster at 7 million kilometers per hour, it is stripped by hot gas thus creating a 260,000 light-year long tail. This is called ram pressure stripping. The intergalactic gas in the Abell 3627 is 100 million degrees Celsius (180 million degrees Fahrenheit) which causes star formation in the tails.
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NGC 1365 and other galaxies of its type have come to more prominence in recent years with new observations indicating that the Milky Way could also be a barred spiral galaxy. Such galaxies are quite common — two thirds of spiral galaxies are barred according to recent estimates, and studying others can help astronomers understand our own galactic home. 50px Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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The colors of the galaxy are peculiar. In NGC 4676A a core with some dark markings is surrounded by a bluish white remnant of spiral arms. The tail is unusual, starting out blue and terminating in a more yellowish color, despite the fact that the beginning of each arm in virtually every spiral galaxy starts yellow and terminates in a bluish color. NGC 4676B has a yellowish core and two arcs; arm remnants underneath are bluish as well.
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NGC 4666 is a spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Virgo, located at a distance of approximately from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the German-born astronomer William Herschel on February 22, 1784. John L. E. Dreyer described it as "bright, very large, much extended 45°±, pretty suddenly brighter middle". It is a member of an interacting system with NGC 4668 and a dwarf galaxy, and belongs to a small group that also includes NGC 4632.
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NGC 634 is a spiral galaxy, lying at a distance of away from the Milky Way in the northern constellation of Triangulum. This object was discovered back in the nineteenth century by French astronomer Édouard Stephan. It is inclined by an angle of 82.4° to the line of sight from the Earth, and thus is being viewed nearly edge on. Supernova SN 2006Q was reported east and north of the galactic core in NGC 634, January 24 2006.
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Arp-Madore 2026-424 taken by Hubble. Describing Microscopium as "totally unremarkable", astronomer Patrick Moore concluded there was nothing of interest for amateur observers. NGC 6925 is a barred spiral galaxy of apparent magnitude 11.3 which is lens-shaped, as it lies almost edge-on to observers on Earth, 3.7 degrees west-northwest of Alpha Microscopii. SN 2011ei, a Type II Supernova in NGC 6925, was discovered by Stu Parker in New Zealand in July 2011.
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The Sombrero Galaxy, M104, is an edge-on spiral galaxy located 28 million light-years from Earth (redshift 0.0034). It has a bulge at its center made up of older stars that are larger than normal. It is surrounded by large, bright globular clusters and has a very prominent dust lane made up of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. NGC 4438 is a peculiar galaxy with an active galactic nucleus, at a distance of from Earth (redshift 0.0035).
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NGC 5846 forms a non- interacting pair with NGC 5846A, which lies 0.7 arcminutes from NGC 5846.Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994), The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies. Volume I, Carnegie Institution of Washington Its proximity to NGC 5846 and high surface brightness suggests it has been tidally stripped. The barred spiral galaxy NGC 5850 lies at a projected distance of 10 arcminutes from NGC 5846 and may form an interacting pair with NGC 5846 based on its disturbed morphology.
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NGC 1614 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered on December 29, 1885 by American astronomer Lewis Swift, who described it in a shorthand notation as: pretty faint, small, round, a little brighter middle. The nebula was then catalogued by Danish-Irish astronomer J. L. E. Drayer in 1888. When direct photography became available, it was noted that this galaxy displayed some conspicuous peculiarities.
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American astronomer Halton Arp included it in his 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. In 1971, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky described it as a "blue post-eruptive galaxy, compact patchy core, spiral plumes, long blue jet SSW". In the De Vaucouleurs system for classifying galaxies, NGC 1614 has a galaxy morphological classification of SB(s)c pec. The SB indicates this is a barred spiral galaxy, while the '(s)' means it lacks a ring-like structure around the nucleus.
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In 1976, Canadian astronomer Sidney Van den Bergh categorized this galaxy as "anemic" because of the low rate at which stars are being formed. He noted that it has "an unusually low surface brightness and exhibits remarkably diffuse spiral arms". Nonetheless, it is the brightest spiral galaxy in the Coma Cluster. This galaxy is located near the center of the cluster and has a high relative velocity (7,560 km/s) compared to the mean cluster velocity.
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NGC 4314 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 53 million light-years away in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It is positioned around 3° to the north and slightly west of the star Gamma Comae Berenices and is visible in a small telescope. The galaxy was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on March 13, 1785. It was labelled as peculiar by Allan Sandage in 1961 because of the unusual structure in the center of the bar.
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Delta Ceti, Latinized from δ Ceti, is a single, blue-white hued star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is positioned very near the celestial equator and is located about 0.74 degrees WNW of the spiral galaxy M77. With an apparent visual magnitude of +4.06, it is a faint star but visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 5.02 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 650 light years from the Sun.
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NGC 90 is an interacting spiral galaxy estimated to be about 300 million light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by R. J. Mitchell in 1854 and its apparent magnitude is 13.7. The galaxy is currently interacting with NGC 93 and exhibits two highly elongated and distorted spiral arms with bright blue star clusters indicative of star formation, likely caused by the interaction with its neighbor. NGC 90 and NGC 93 form the interacting galaxy pair Arp 65.
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An image of NGC 45 , a low surface brightness spiral galaxy, by GALEX. UGC 477 is located over 110 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces. A low-surface-brightness galaxy, or LSB galaxy, is a diffuse galaxy with a surface brightness that, when viewed from Earth, is at least one magnitude lower than the ambient night sky. Most LSBs are dwarf galaxies, and most of their baryonic matter is in the form of neutral gaseous hydrogen, rather than stars.
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The nebula itself is of relatively low surface brightness compared to the central star, and is undersized for the primary's mass for reasons not yet fully understood. NGC 6791 is a cluster of stars in Lyra. It contains three age groups of stars: 4 billion year-old white dwarfs, 6 billion year-old white dwarfs and 8 billion year-old normal stars. NGC 6745 is an irregular spiral galaxy in Lyra that is at a distance of 208 million light- years.
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They are the first pair of black holes found in a spiral galaxy like our Milky Way. The two black holes are separated by only 490 light years. The two black holes in NGC 3393 are likely the remnant of a merger of two galaxies of unequal mass a billion or more years ago. Other evidence that supports the hypothesis of the galaxy merger include high pre-shock densities in the narrow-line region and low O/H and Mg/H abundances.
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Map showing location of NGC 6939 NGC 6939 is located near the border of the constellations Cepheus and Cygnus, at the southwest corner of Cepheus. The open cluster is located two degrees southwest of Eta Cephei and 2/3° northwest from the spiral galaxy NGC 6946, which has visual magnitude 8.8. They appear as two patches of haze with 10x50 binoculars. NGC 6939 can be glimpsed with 7x35 binoculars where as 25x200 binoculars are required to start resolve the cluster.
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NGC 3642 is a spiral galaxy without bar. In the nucleus there is a supermassive black hole with estimated mass 26-31 millions M⊙, based on the intrinsic velocity dispersion as measured by the Hubble Space Telescope, or 15 millions M⊙, based on the bulge luminosities in near-infrared Ks-band. Around the nucleus, a one-armed spiral forms a ring, and it is possible that it leads material towards the nucleus. The nucleus surrounded by an inner flocculent spiral.
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This process of changing a galaxy's morphology by interactions, and the removal of much of its stellar disk, has been called "galaxy harassment". Evidence for this latter hypothesis has been claimed due to stellar disks and weak spiral arms seen in some dEs. Under this alternative hypothesis, the anaemic spiral arms and disk are a modified version of the original stellar disk of the now transformed spiral galaxy. At the same time, the galaxy harassment scenario can not be the full picture.
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NGC 6118 is a grand design spiral galaxy located 83 million light-years away in the constellation Serpens (the Snake). It measures roughly 110,000 light- years across; about the same as our own galaxy, the Milky Way. Its shape is classified as "SA(s)cd," meaning that it is unbarred and has several rather loosely wound spiral arms. The large numbers of bright bluish knots are active star-forming regions where some very luminous and young stars can be perceived.
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NGC 3367 is a barred spiral galaxy with an asymmetric shape seen nearly face-on, with an inclination of 25 degrees. The inner arms begin at the ends of the bar, forming a ring with a major axis of 0.9 arcseconds,Uppsala General Catalogue of Galaxies, 1973, Acta Universitatis Upsalienis, Nova Regiae Societatis Upsaliensis, Series V: A Vol. 1 and after half of a revolution start to branch, creating a multiple-arm structure. They are studded with many bright HII regions.
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The structure and stellar content of M32 are difficult to explain by traditional galaxy formation models. Theoretical arguments and some simulations suggest a scenario in which the strong tidal field of M31 can transform a spiral galaxy or a lenticular galaxy into a compact elliptical. As a small disk galaxy falls into the central parts of M31, much of its outer layers will be stripped away. The central bulge of the small galaxy is much less affected and retains its morphology.
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NGC 4586 is a spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on February 2, 1786. Although listed in the Virgo Cluster Catalog, NGC 4586 is considered to be a member of the Virgo II Groups which form a southern extension of the Virgo cluster. NGC 4586 is currently in the process of infalling into the Virgo Cluster and is predicted to enter the cluster in about 500 million years.
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NGC 922 is a peculiar galaxy in the southern constellation of Fornax, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. It is one of the nearest known collisional galaxies. This object was described by the Herschels as "considerably faint, pretty large, round, gradually pretty much brighter middle." The general form is described by the morphological classification of , which indicates a peculiar (pec) barred spiral galaxy (SB) with no inner ring system around the bar (s) and loosely-wound spiral arms (cd).
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Aina Elvius was born on 26 June 1917. In 1945, she finished her master's degree in mathematics, physics, chemistry and astronomy. In 1948, she began her polarimetric studies of galaxies using Öhman's Polarography and in 1951 she published her first polarization study of the spiral galaxy M63. She was later invited by John Scotville Hall to work at the Lowell Observatory, where she made a series of observations of the polarization of light from galaxies and from nebulae in the Milky Way.
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NGC 6782 is a barred located in the southern constellation of Pavo, at a distance of approximately from the Milky Way. It was discovered on July 12, 1834 by English astronomer John Herschel. John L. E. Dreyer described it as, "considerably faint, considerably small, round, a little brighter middle, 9th magnitude star to south". The morphological classification of NGC 6782 is (R1R′2)SB(r)a, indicating a barred spiral galaxy with a multiple ring system and tightly-wound spiral arms.
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NGC 2857 (also known as Arp 1 and PGC 26666) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on January 9, 1856 by R. J. Mitchell. NGC 2857 is the first object in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, and one of six Arp objects in the 'Low Surface Brightness Galaxies' section. The other five low surface brightness galaxies are Arp 2 (UGC 10310), Arp 3, Arp 4, Arp 5 (NGC 3664), and Arp 6 (NGC 2537).
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SN 2001ig was a rare Type IIb supernova discovered by Australian amateur Robert Evans on the outer edge of NGC 7424 on 10 December 2001. Type IIb supernovae (SNe) initially exhibit spectral lines of hydrogen (like typical Type II's), but these disappear after a short time to be replaced by lines of oxygen, calcium and magnesium (like typical Type Ib's and Ic's). Spiral Galaxy NGC 7424 and SN2001ig. Credit: ESO In 2006, Anglo-Australian Observatory astronomer Stuart Ryder et al.
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NGC 298 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth.NGC 298 is situated close to the celestial equator and, as such, it is at least partly visible from both hemispheres in certain times of the year. NGC 298 is below the horizon from Greenwich, United Kingdom Given its B magnitude of 14.7, NGC 298 is visible with the help of a telescope having an aperture of 20 inches (500 millimetre) or more.
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It is a companion to NGC 4654, and the two appear to have interacted roughly 500 million years ago. NGC 4639 is a member of the Virgo Cluster. The morphological classification of this galaxy is SAB(rs)bc, indicating a spiral galaxy with a weak bar (SAB), an incomplete ring around the bar (rs), and moderate to loosely-wound spiral arms (bc). NGC 4639 has a mildly active galactic nucleus of the Seyfert type 1; one of the weakest known.
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NGC 4559 (also known as Caldwell 36) is an intermediate spiral galaxy with a weak inner ring structure in the constellation Coma Berenices. Distance estimates for NCG 4559 range from about 29 million light-years to 51 million light-years, averaging about 29 million light-years. NGC 4559 is a member of the Coma I Group. Two supernovae have been recorded in NGC 4559, A Type II-L supernova in 1941 (SN 1941A) and an unclassified supernova event in 2019.
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Originally NGC 6621 was assigned to the southeast galaxy, but now it refers to the northern one. NGC 6621 and NGC 6622 are included in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 81 in the category "spiral galaxies with large high surface brightness companions". NGC 6621 is the larger of the two, and is a very disturbed spiral galaxy. The encounter has pulled a long tail out of NGC 6621 that has now wrapped at the north behind its body.
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The morphological classification of NGC 2613 is SA(s)b, indicating a spiral galaxy with no bar or ring, and moderately tightly-wound spiral arms. It is inclined by an angle of approximately 79° to the line of sight from the Earth and is oriented with the long axis along a position angle of 133°. The radius of neutral hydrogen in the galaxy is about 35 kpc, and the mass of the neutral hydrogen is . The galaxy has a combined dynamic mass of .
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Between 1957 and 1967 Maffei observed many different objects using this technique, including globular clusters and planetary nebulae. Some of those objects were not visible at all on blue light (250–500 nm) sensitive plates. The galaxy Maffei 1 was discovered on a hyper-sensitized I-N photographic plate exposed on 29 September 1967 with the Schmidt telescope at Asiago Observatory. Maffei found Maffei 1, together with its companion spiral galaxy Maffei 2, while searching for diffuse nebulae and T Tauri stars.
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These galaxies contain little or no interstellar dust, few star-forming regions, and older stars. Elliptical galaxies are more commonly found at the core of galactic clusters, and may have been formed through mergers of large galaxies. A spiral galaxy is organized into a flat, rotating disk, usually with a prominent bulge or bar at the center, and trailing bright arms that spiral outward. The arms are dusty regions of star formation within which massive young stars produce a blue tint.
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Galaxy ESO 376-16 is located nearly 23 million light-years from Earth. Antlia contains many faint galaxies, the brightest of which is NGC 2997 at magnitude 10.6. It is a loosely wound face-on spiral galaxy of type Sc. Though nondescript in most amateur telescopes, it presents bright clusters of young stars and many dark dust lanes in photographs. Discovered in 1997, the Antlia Dwarf is a 14.8m dwarf spheroidal galaxy that belongs to the Local Group of galaxies.
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Spiral galaxy LO95 0313-192 is located about one billion light-years away and has a spiral shape similar to that of the Milky Way. NGC 1535 is a small blue-gray planetary nebula visible in small amateur telescopes, with a disk visible in large amateur instruments. 2000 light-years away, it is of the 9th magnitude. IC 2118 is a faint reflection nebula believed to be an ancient supernova remnant or gas cloud illuminated by nearby supergiant star Rigel in Orion.
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O type main-sequence stars and the most massive of the B type blue-white stars become supergiants. Due to their extreme masses, they have short lifespans, between 30 million years and a few hundred thousand years. They are mainly observed in young galactic structures such as open clusters, the arms of spiral galaxies, and in irregular galaxies. They are less abundant in spiral galaxy bulges and are rarely observed in elliptical galaxies, or globular clusters, which are composed mainly of old stars.
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NGC 214 is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Andromeda, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. It was discovered on September 10, 1784 by William Herschel. The shape of this galaxy is given by its morphological classification of SABbc, which indicates a weak bar-like structure (SAB) at the core and moderate to loosely-wound spiral arms (bc). On July 19, 2005, a magnitude 17.4 supernova was detected at a position west and north of the galactic nucleus.
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NGC 2775 (also known as Caldwell 48) is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Cancer, located at a distance of from the Milky Way. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1783. NGC 2775 belongs to the Antlia-Hydra Cluster of galaxies and is the most prominent member of a small galaxy group known as NGC 2775 group, part of the Virgo Supercluster, along with the Local Group. Other members of the NGC 2775 group include NGC 2777 and UGC 4781.
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This object has a morphological classification of SA(r)ab, which indicates an unbarred spiral galaxy (SA) with a prominent ring structure (r) and flocculent, tightly-wound spiral arms (ab). The galaxy is inclined by an angle of 44° to the line of sight from the Earth. The galactic nucleus is not active and the large nuclear bulge, which extends out to an angular radius of , is relatively gas free. An explanation for the latter could be a high supernova rate.
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NGC 5078 is a spiral galaxy in the Hydra constellation, approximately 94 million light-years away from Earth. It has a diameter of 127,000 light-years and is probably a member of the NGC 5061 group. The dust lane of NGC 5078 is warped, probably by interaction with the nearby galaxy IC 879, which is itself distorted into an 'S' shape by the interaction. At the presumed distance the two galaxies would have a minimal separation of about 61,000 light-years.
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This spiral galaxy is notably asymmetric. The spiral arms on the south side of the galaxy are chaotic in appearance, whereas the spiral arms on the north side of the galaxy are very well-defined. Also, the spiral arms on the south side of the disk extend twice as far from the galaxy's nucleus as the spiral arms on the north side. Because of the fragmentary appearance of some of the spiral arms, this galaxy is classified as a flocculent galaxy.
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NGC 4527 is an intermediate spiral galaxy similar to the Andromeda Galaxy and is located at a distance not well determined, but usually is considered to be an outlying member of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies, being placed within the subcluster known as S Cloud. Unlike the Andromeda Galaxy, NGC 4527 is also a starburst galaxy, with 2.5 billion solar masses of molecular hydrogen concentrated within its innermost regions. However said starburst is still weak and seems to be on its earliest phases.
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The galaxy is 66 million light-years away from Earth. With a diameter of 130 000 light-years, it is one of the largest galaxies in the Fornax cluster and slightly larger than Milky Way. William Herschel discovered this galaxy on October 22, 1835. NGC 1386 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 53 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1386 is about 50,000 light years across.
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IC 2233, also known as UGC 4278, is a spiral galaxy lying in the constellation of Lynx. IC 2233 is located between 26 and 40 million light-years away from Earth. A comparatively quiet galaxy with a low rate of star formation (less than one solar mass every twenty years), it was long thought to be possibly interacting with the Bear's Paw galaxy. However, this is now considered highly unlikely as radio observations with the Very Large Array showed the two galaxies lie at different distances.
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An example of a spiral galaxy, the 285x285px Spiral galaxies form a class of galaxy originally described by Edwin Hubble in his 1936 work The Realm of the Nebulae Alt URL(pp. 124–151) and, as such, form part of the Hubble sequence. Most spiral galaxies consist of a flat, rotating disk containing stars, gas and dust, and a central concentration of stars known as the bulge. These are often surrounded by a much fainter halo of stars, many of which reside in globular clusters.
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NGC 3310 is a grand design spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It is a starburst galaxy and it is likely that NGC 3310 collided with one of its satellite galaxies about 100 million years ago, triggering widespread star formation. It is thought to be located approximately 46 million light-years away from the Earth, and is thought to be about 22,000 light-years wide. The ring clusters of NGC 3310 have been undergoing starburst activity for at least the last 40 million years.
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This galaxy is small and isolated with a morphological classification of SB(r)0+, which indicates a barred spiral (SB) with a ring around the bar (r). Being a lenticular galaxy, it has the large halo of an elliptical galaxy. The disk is inclined at an angle of to the line of sight from the Earth, with the major axis aligned along a position angle of . The galaxy has an unusually high mass-to-light ratio, much greater than for a typical spiral galaxy.
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