115 Sentences With "prehistorian" | Random Sentence Generator

Mr. de Sautuola faced an uphill climb to prove the find's legitimacy: Scientists of greater renown, especially the French prehistorian Édouard Cartailhac, vehemently disputed its authenticity.

Branka Raunig (1 January 1935 - 13 June 2008) was a Bosnian archaeologist, prehistorian and museum curator.

Paul Heinrich Adalbert Reinecke (September 25, 1872 – May 12, 1958) was a German prehistorian and archaeologist.

Wilhelm Unverzagt (21 May 1892, Wiesbaden–17 March 1971, East Berlin), was a German prehistorian and archaeologist.

Hans Hahne (18 Mar 1875, Piesdorf–2 Feb 1935, Halle (Saale) ) was a German physician and prehistorian.

Jan Filip (born 25 December 1900 in Chocnějovice, died 30 April 1981 in Prague) was a Czech prehistorian.

Plato Prehistorian (Review). Ancient Philosophy. 12(1). pp. 185-186. It is pointed out Settegast's book is unusual and that the consensus among classicists is Plato's dialogues about Atlantis don't contain a kernel of historical truth and are fiction. On the other hand, the back-cover of Plato Prehistorian (2nd ed.

Jacques Jaubert (born 26 July 1957) is a French prehistorian and professor of Paleolithic archaeology at University of Bordeaux 1.

Hans Seger around 1930 Hans Seger (August 28, 1864 in Neurode, Silesia – August 15, 1943 in Breslau) was a German prehistorian.

Elise Jenny Baumgartel (, 5 October 1892 – 28 October 1975) was a German Egyptologist and prehistorian who pioneered the archaeology of predynastic Egypt.

Ernst Sprockhoff (6 August 1892 – 1 October 1967) was a German prehistorian and inventor of the Sprockhoff numbering system for megalithic monuments in Germany.

Otto Hauser and the Combe-Capelle fossils (1909) Otto Hauser (April 12/27, 1874 in Wädenswil - June 14/19, 1932 in Berlin) was a Swiss prehistorian.

Sally Binford (née Rosen; 1924–1994) was an archaeologist and feminist. A prehistorian, she contributed alongside her husband (Lewis Binford) to the formation of processual archaeology.

Max Ebert (4 August 1879, Stendal - 15 November 1929, Berlin) was a German prehistorian known for his studies associated with the Baltic states and South Russia.

Ewald Schuldt (3 January 1914 – 1 June 1987), full name Ewald Adolf Ludwig Wilhelm Schuldt, was a German prehistorian who carried out significant research into the megaliths of northern Germany.

Jan Best, a Dutch prehistorian and protohistorian, believes he has deciphered the Byblos syllabary successfully after 40 years of research.Best J. Suruya in the Byblos Script: Corpus. // Ugarit-Forschungen 40. — 2009.

Johannes Balthasar Brøndsted (5 October 1890 - 16 November 1965) was a Danish archaeologist and prehistorian. He was a professor at the University of Copenhagen and director of the Danish National Museum.

The Foote Collection of Indian Prehistoric and Protohistoric Antiquities, Notes on their Age and Distribution. Madras: Madras Government Museum. this made him into a prehistorian. He also conducted other expeditions in Gujarat.

Pilar Acosta Martinez Pilar Acosta Martínez (Tíjola, Province of Almería, 1938 - Seville, 2006) was a Spanish prehistorian and archaeologist. She specialized in post-Palaeolithic rock art, prehistoric religions, and neolithization processes in the southern Iberian Peninsula.

Félix Garrigou, prehistorian and hydrologist, known for his investigations of caves of southern France visited the site in 1869. He is the first person attributed to a documented suspicion - notes in his diary - about the true identity of the site.

Ludwig Lindenschmit (the Elder) (September 4, 1809 – February 14, 1893) was a German history painter, prehistorian and art instructor who was a native of Mainz. He was a younger brother to history painter Wilhelm Lindenschmit (1806–1848), and father to prehistorian Ludwig Lindenschmit (the Younger) (1850–1922). Rescue from the burning castle (1880, oil on panel) He studied art in Vienna and Munich, and beginning in 1831, was a high school art teacher in his hometown of Mainz. Here, he taught classes in art until the 1870s, and as his career progressed, his interest in prehistoric Germanic antiquities grew.

Edward B. Jelks (born September 10, 1922) is an American archaeologist trained as a prehistorian yet known for his contributions to historical archaeology and leadership roles in multiple anthropological organizations, including the Society for Historical Archaeology and the Society of Professional Archaeologists.

Eszter Bánffy, (born 1957) is a Hungarian prehistorian, archaeologist, and academic. Since 2013, she has been Director of the Romano-Germanic Commission at the German Archaeological Institute. She is also a professor at the Archaeological Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

All need to be quarantined, processed, tested, analyzed. But the arrests fail to solve the murder. The dead woman is not on any list, and video shows her swimming out to sea. Another autopsy reveals she's not a Prehistorian, but a poser.

Dieter Vieweger Dieter Vieweger, a German Biblical scholar and Prehistorian Archaeologist, was born in Chemnitz, East Germany in 1958. He studied Theology (Old Testament Studies) and Prehistoric Archaeology in Leipzig and Frankfurt on Main. He then held a number of distinguished research and educational positions.

The Grahame Clark Medal is awarded by the British Academy every two years "for academic achievement involving recent contributions to the study of prehistoric archaeology". It was endowed in 1992 by Sir Grahame Clark, an eminent prehistorian and archaeologist, and first awarded in 1993.

Dominique Baffier is a French archaeologist and prehistorian who specialises in paleolithic cave paintings, or parietal art. She is known for her work at the Arcy-sur-Cure cave complex and for her subsequent role as curator of the Chauvet Cave from 2000 to 2014.

Malcolm H. Wiener (born 3 July 1935) is an Aegean prehistorian, retired principal in an investment management firm, and philanthropist. He is a natural-born American citizen, born in Tsingtao, China. He is married to Carolyn Talbot Seely Wiener, with whom he has four children.

Originally standing here was a menhir some 2 m tall, known in the local speech as the Hinkelstein; this is now kept in the Monsheim Castle grounds. The discovery was investigated by the Mainz prehistorian Ludwig Lindenschmit the Elder (1809–1893) who described it in 1868. The Worms physician and prehistorian Karl Koehl (1847–1929) put forth the name “Hinkelstein type” as a description for the culture whose artifacts had been unearthed in Monsheim, and today the term “Hinkelstein culture” is customary. This culture existed roughly from 4900 to 4800 BC. It was spread mainly over parts of what are now Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland- Palatinate and Hesse.

The archeological level was found accidentally during building work at the bakery of Léo Bélanger. The Ministry of Education then mandated J. Bouyssonie, a prehistorian from Brive, with a reconnaissance excavation. The work took place between 1909 and 1913 – a very difficult task because of the built up area.

Jean Clottes is a prominent French prehistorian. He was born in the French Pyrenees in 1933"Jean Clottes," The Archeology Channel website, retrieved 2-12-08."Dr. Jean Clottes, Archaeologist," Bradshaw Foundation website, retrieved 2-12-08. and began to study archaeology in 1959, while teaching high school.

The cave was discovered by Col. William Willoughby Cole Verner, an English ornithologist who had retired in Algeciras in 1911, and the famous French prehistorian L’Abbe Breuil. Brueil and Verner had worked together before. They realised the importance of the site's breccias but didn't have time to excavate the site.

Cnemaspis upendrai is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to island of Sri Lanka. The specific name honours Siran Upendra Deraniyagala, a Sri Lankan prehistorian. The species grows to in snout–vent length. Dorsum is light-brown with prominent markings, but some individuals are uniformly yellowish brown, without prominent dorsal markings.

Rudolf Much was born in Vienna, Austria on 7 September 1862. He was the son of the lawyer Dr. Matthäus Much (1832–1909), who was also a prehistorian. At an early age, Much gained extensive knowledge of ancient history form his father. From 1880 he studied classical philology, German philology and Nordic philology at the University of Vienna.

Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow (;"Virchow". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. or ;Duden – Virchow 13 October 18215 September 1902) was a German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician. He is known as "the father of modern pathology" and as the founder of social medicine, and to his colleagues, the "Pope of medicine".

His remains were cremated at the Northern Suburbs Crematorium, and his name added to a small family plaque in the Crematorium Gardens. Following his death, an "unprecedented" level of tributes and memorials were issued by the archaeological community, all, according to Ruth Tringham, testifying to his status as Europe's "greatest prehistorian and a wonderful human being".

The third Baronet was a mathematician and Fellow of the Royal Society. The fourth Baronet was a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy. The fifth Baronet was a prehistorian of note. The sixth Baronet was a Fellow of the Royal Society, Professor of Comparative Endocrinology at the University of Birmingham and Professor of Anatomy at King's College London.

Hippolyte Müller (22 November 1865 - 23 September 1933) was a French ethnographer and the first curator of the Musée dauphinois (Dauphinois Museum) in Grenoble. A jeweller by trade, Müller was fascinated by the prehistoric era. As a self-taught archaeologist and prehistorian, he was renowned by his peers and taught classes at the Faculty of Arts in Grenoble.

With prehistorian Ludwig Lindenschmit the Elder (1809–1893), he founded the first German journal of anthropology, the Archiv für Anthropologie. Ecker conducted anatomical studies of the brain, being known for his investigations of cerebral convolutions in the fetus. His name is associated with "Ecker's fissure", also known as the petro-occipital fissure. He died in Freiburg im Breisgau.

Baden culture ceramic Baden culture metalwork The Baden culture was named after Baden near Vienna by the Austrian prehistorian Oswald Menghin. It is also known as the Ossarn group or Pecel culture. The first monographic treatment was produced by J. Banner in 1956. Other important scholars are E. Neustupny, Ida Bognar-Kutzian and Vera Nemejcova-Pavukova.

Patrick M.M.A. Bringmans wrote his dissertation under the direction of Prof. Dr. Pierre M. Vermeersch, a Belgian geographer and archaeologist who had been trained in European prehistoric archaeology by Belgian geologist Frans Gullentops and French prehistorian François Bordes. Vermeersch worked on both the Paleolithic of Europe and Africa. Patrick M.M.A. Bringmans is also the author of veldwezelt-hezerwater.blogspot.

By 1909, about of the perimeter wall had been uncovered. At most of the sites examined it was only below the surface. Their rising masonry was still partially preserved up to a height of . In 1925, the prehistorian Wilhelm Unverzagt (1892-1971) succeeded in finding the so-called "Alzey burn layer" which marked the end of the second settlement phase of the fort.

R. Helen Farr is a British maritime archaeologist and prehistorian who specializes in prehistoric submerged landscapes and early seafaring. Farr is a certified (HSE) commercial diver. She is Lecturer in the Marine and Maritime Institute in the Department of Archaeology at the Southampton University. Farr was elected as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London on 17 October 2019.

Kurt Bittel (born 5 July 1907 in Heidenheim an der Brenz, died 30 January 1991 in Heidenheim an der Brenz) was a German prehistorian. As president of the German Archaeological Institute (Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts - DAI) and excavator of the Hittite city of Hattusha in Turkey, as well as an expert on the Celts in Central Europe, he acquired great merit.

It is divided into two zones: the central room (about 50m deep) followed by a long and narrow corridor. The cave was a burial site in the talaiotic period (550-123 ACN). The French prehistorian Émile Cartailhac found in the 1890s ceramic and human bones. The excavation by Antonio Vives Escudero (1859-1925) in 1914-1915 found ceramic vessels and two bronze objects.

However, often the location and connexion of the finds was not noted. In addition, the older finds include very few items of pottery, because pieces of old ceramic vessels were not looked after in the 19th century. Excavations were carried out as early as 1874 by a Romhild doctor. In the early 20th century systematic excavations were carried out by prehistorian, Alfred Götze.

Nicholas Conard at the University of Tübingen Museum (2013) Nicholas J. Conard, (born July 23, 1961 in Cincinnati) is an American and naturalized German citizen who works as an archaeologist and prehistorian. He is the director of the department for early prehistory and quaternary ecology and the founding director of the Institute of Archaeological Sciences (Institut für Naturwissenschaftliche Archäologie) at the University of Tübingen in Germany.

Pierre Leroy was born in 1909. He obtained a doctorate in law, and joined the territorial service of the Belgian Congo in 1938. Leroy became interested in the neolithic megaliths in the Uele River basin, and later wrote a book on the subject. Some thought they were natural formations, but Leroy thought they must be man-made and deserved the attention of the prehistorian or protohistorian.

Simon Stoddart, FSA is a British archaeologist, prehistorian, and academic. He is a Reader in Prehistory at the University of Cambridge, a Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, and the acting Deputy Director of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. Stoddart was editor of journal Antiquity, 2001-2002. He is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, and a member of the Institute of Field Archaeologists.

Entelodon Auguste Aymard (1808–1889) was a French prehistorian and palaeontologist who lived and died in Puy-en-Velay (Haute-Loire). He described the fossil Entelodon magnus and the fossil genera Anancus and Amphechinus. Auguste Aymard was the archivist for the Departement Haute-Loire and Conservateur of Musée du Puy-en-Velay. He made archaeological discoveries in Puy-en-Velay, Polignac, Haute-Loire and Espaly-Saint-Marcel.

Carl Schuchhardt in Pergamon (1886) Carl Schuchhardt (August 6, 1859 – December 7, 1943) was a German archaeologist and museum director. For many years, he was the director of the pre-historic department of the Ethnological Museum of Berlin. He was involved in numerous excavations, both in Europe and the Middle East, and contributed significantly to archaeological science. In his time, he was seen as Germany's most senior and accomplished prehistorian.

Similar ideas were proposed by prehistorian Gustav Kossinna in Germany. Grant promoted the idea of the "Nordic race",Alexander, Charles C. (1962). "Prophet of American Racism: Madison Grant and the Nordic Myth", Phylon 23 (1), pp. 73-90. a loosely defined biological-cultural grouping rooted in Scandinavia, as the key social group responsible for human development; thus the subtitle of the book was The racial basis of European history.

Mary Settegast is a contemporary American scholar and author who specializes in the Neolithic Age. Settegast earned graduate degrees from the University of California, Berkeley and Columbia University. She has received critical praise for her books Plato Prehistorian, Mona Lisa's Moustache, and When Zarathustra Spoke. As their titles indicate, Settegast's first and third books focus on human prehistory; her special interest is on the co-evolution of religion and agriculture.

Martín Almagro Gorbea (born January 5, 1946 in Barcelona) is a Spanish prehistorian. Professor in prehistory, Ph.D. in history by the "Universidad Complutense de Madrid" with extraordinary prize. Amalgro Gorbea was elected to medalla nº 11 of the Real Academia de la Historia on 17 February 1995 and he took up his seat on 17 November 1996. Perpetual keeper of antiquities of the Real Academia de la Historia.

8, n° 2-3, p. 245-255, p. 252. Also, "the Sorcerer" is composed of both charcoal drawings and etching within the stone itself; details, such as etching, are often difficult to view from photographs due to their size and the quality of the light source. Particularly celebrated prehistorian Jean Clottes asserts that Breuil's sketch is accurate ('I have seen it myself perhaps 20 times over the years').

Hutton states that modern photographs show the original cave art lacks horns, a human torso or any other significant detail on its upper half. However, others, such as celebrated prehistorian Jean Clottes, assert that Breuil's sketch is indeed accurate. Clottes stated that "I have seen it myself perhaps 20 times over the years". Breuil considered his drawing to represent a shaman or magician - an interpretation which gives the image its name.

Félix Garrigou (1835-1920) Joseph Louis Félix Garrigou (16 September 1835, Tarascon-sur-Ariège - 1920) was a French physician, prehistorian and hydrologist. He is known for his investigations of prehistoric artifacts and remains (human and animal) found in caves of southern France (Pyrenees). Also, he was the author of numerous writings on mineral waters from a chemical/medical perspective. A native of Tarascon-sur-Ariège, Garrigou received his medical doctorate in Paris.

Schuchhardt was a fellow of the Prussian Academy of Sciences and affiliated with the German Archaeological Institute. He was deputy chairman of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory, 1916 to 1919 and its chairman from 1926 to 1929. He was an honorary member from 1925 of the Lower Lusatian Society for Anthropology and Archaeology. With the death of Kossinna in 1931, Schuchhardt became Germany's most senior prehistorian during the Nazi era.

French prehistorian Jacques Tixier offers modern training in stone knapping. Modern American interest in knapping can be traced back Whittaker 1994:56-58 to the study of a California Native American called Ishi who lived in the early twentieth century. Ishi taught scholars and academics traditional methods of making stone tools and how to use them for survival in the wild. Early European explorers to the New world were also exposed to flint knapping techniques.

John Collis, (born 1944 in Winchester) is a British prehistorian. His first dig was in Longbridge Deverill with the Hawkes. He studied in Prague (with E. Soudská), Tübingen (with W. Kimmig) and Cambridge, where he studied from 1963 to 1970 and was awarded his Ph.D.. He joined the Archaeology Department in Sheffield in 1972 and was made professor in 1990. He has acted as Head of Department and became Emeritus Professor there in October 2004.

Radiocarbon tests and the style of metalwork found in the grave suggest that the tomb dates from between 1950 BC and 2100 BC. Prehistorian Dr. Noble has said of the find: "The sheer size of the stone slabs used to construct the tomb, the extremely rare rock engravings, the rare preservation of the leather, wood, and bark items and the high status location make this a find of both national and international importance".

Levantine Art was first discovered in Teruel in 1903. The Spanish prehistorian Juan Cabre was the first to study this art, defining it as a regional Palaeolithic art.'El arte rupestre en España Assessment as Palaeolithic was challenged for various reasons including the fact that no glacial fauna was depicted. Antonio Beltrán Martínez and others place the beginning of this art in the Epipaleolithic or Mesolithic, placing its heyday in the Neolithic period.

Archaeologist Michael J. O'Kelly led the most extensive of these and also reconstructed the frontage of the site in the 1970s, a reconstruction that is controversial and disputed. Newgrange is a popular tourist site and, according to the archaeologist Colin Renfrew, is "unhesitatingly regarded by the prehistorian as the great national monument of Ireland" and as one of the most important megalithic structures in Europe.Renfrew, Colin, in O'Kelly, Michael J. 1982. Newgrange: Archaeology, Art and Legend.

Self-portrait oil on canvas, titled: "Der Künstler mit seiner Familie" (the painter with his family); Location: Landesmuseum Mainz. Wilhelm Lindenschmit (the Elder) (March 9, 1806 – March 12, 1848) was a German history painter born in Mainz. He was an older brother to prehistorian Ludwig Lindenschmit (1809–1893), and father to history painter Wilhelm Lindenschmit the Younger (1829–1895). Lindenschmidt studied art in the academies at Munich and Vienna, returning to Munich in 1826 as an assistant to Peter von Cornelius (1783–1867).

Hachmann was born in Blankenese, now part of Hamburg, Germany. He attended school at the Reformrealgymnasium in Blankenese, where he was instructed by Peter Zylmann, a Frisian prehistorian. He graduated there in 1937, receiving his Abitur. After work and military service and escape from imprisonment by English forces, in 1945 he began studies at the University of Hamburg, majoring in pre- and protohistory under Hans Jürgen Eggers with minor studies in classical antiquity, German medieval studies, folkloristics, ethnology and geography.

Pencil on paper drawing of skull-From the Doris Keiller collection, The Alexander Keiller Museum, Avebury Doris Emerson Chapman (1903 – 1990) was a British artist and prehistorian. She trained in Paris and then exhibited paintings in London during the 1920s and 1930s. She was associated with the Bloomsbury Group, having an affair with Adrian Stephen. She then joined the Morven Institute of Archeological Research to draw the megaliths of Avebury and produced measured drawings of the megaliths as they were excavated.

In 1934, Himmler met the Dutch prehistorian Herman Wirth, who was then living in Germany, at the home of Johann von Leer, a Nazi propagandist. Wirth was one of the most controversial prehistorians in Germany. After examining symbols found in rural Frisian folk art, he became convinced that they represented the survival of an ancient script used by a prehistoric Nordic civilisation. This script—Wirth believed—was the world's oldest written language and had been the basis for all other ancient scripts.

Since 2004, an informal workgroup of scholars who support the Paleolithic Continuity hypothesis has been held online. Apart from Alinei himself, its leading members (referred to as "Scientific Committee" in the website) are linguists Xaverio Ballester (University of Valencia) and Francesco Benozzo (University of Bologna). Also included are prehistorian Marcel Otte (Université de Liège) and anthropologist Henry Harpending (University of Utah). It is not listed by Mallory among the proposals for the origins of the Indo-European languages that are widely discussed and considered credible within academia.

Gustaf Kossinna (28 September 1858 - 20 December 1931) was a German philologist and archaeologist who was Professor of German Archaeology at the University of Berlin. Along with Carl Schuchhardt he was the most influential German prehistorian of his day, and was creator of the techniques of settlement archaeology (). His nationalistic theories about the origins of the Germanic peoples and Indo-Europeans influenced aspects of Nazi ideology. For this reason, Kossinna has often been referred to as the evil mastermind who built the ideological foundations for Nazism.

The length of this tradition led prehistorian Mike Parker Pearson to note that it was "a relatively short-lived fashion in archaeological terms." In southern England, 84% of chambered tombs were built in a north-east to south-east orientation, which probably had some special significance for their builders. In some parts of the British Isles, architectural changes were made to the style of chambered tomb, which may have been a forerunner of the later circular design of the stone rings.Burl 2000. pp. 26-27.

In February 1894, at the request of Arthur Bordier (1841-1910) — a doctor, anthropologist and head of the Medical School — Müller became a member of the Société Dauphinoise d'Ethnologie et d'Anthropologie (Dauphinois Society of Ethnology and Anthropology). He regularly published articles about his archaeological investigations on the prehistoric period in the society’s newsletter. Müller also started working as a librarian at the Medical School. During his time at the library, he became a prehistorian, archaeologist, lecturer and presenter, renowned for his scholarship, talent and generosity.

First, the German prehistorian Klaus Raddatz questioned some archaeological finds published by Dieck in 1981. But still Dieck's work was accepted for many years. For their Master thesis at the University of Hamburg, Sabine Eisenbeiß and Katharina von Haugwitz compared Alfred Dieck's personal archives with reliable sources for finds in Lower- Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. They concluded that only a small percentage of Dieck's finds could be confirmed by reliable sources, for example only 70 out of 655 bog body finds from Schleswig-Holstein.

Pola de Laviana Almost everywhere in Asturia you find Prehistorian Signs, also in the region Laviana. Some Hill Forts and Dolmen made in the Bronze Age and in the Iron Age are still visitable (Castro de El Cercu, El Prau in Castiello and La Corona in Boroñes). Also the Romans built some Bridges along the Rio Nalon Street which are used today. The name Flaviana was written down first time, in 1115 when the area was bordered to the Monastery "San Vicente de Oviedo".

In 1909, the prehistorian Eduard Anthes (1859-1922) took over the supervision of the excavations, supported by the district and city of Alzey, the Historical Association of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, and the Römisch-Germanischen Kommission excavations. In the same year Braun also discovered the west gate, whose passage was mostly filled with rubble. The southeastern corner tower was of high structural quality and its existing masonry still exhibited several courses. On the south wall, Braun discovered two well-preserved rooms of a barracks attached to the castle wall.

Through correspondence he became the scientific mentor of the Suffolk prehistorian James Reid Moir (1879–1944). He was a friend of Karl Marx in the latter's later years and was among the few persons present at his funeral. Lankester was active in attempting to expose the frauds of Spiritualist mediums during the 1920s. He was an important writer of popular science, his weekly newspaper columns over many years being assembled and reprinted in a series of books entitled Science from an Easy Chair (first series, 1910; second series, 1912).

Julien-Etienne-Léopold Sacaze (24 September 1847, Saint-Gaudens - 20 November 1889) was a French lawyer, historian and archaeologist known for his epigraphic investigations of the Pyrenees region. He studied philosophy and theology at the seminar of Issy and studied law in Toulouse. In 1872 he became a practicing lawyer in his hometown of Saint-Gaudens, later earning distinctions as secretary of the conseil de l'Ordre (1877) and as bâtonnier (1888).Sacaze, Julien-Etienne-Léopold at Sociétés savantes de France With prehistorian Édouard Piette, he conducted several archaeological excavations in the Pyrenees.

Since 2004, an informal workgroup of scholars who support the Paleolithic Continuity Theory has been held online. Members of the group (referred to as "Scientific Committee" in the website) include linguists Xaverio Ballester (University of Valencia) and Francesco Benozzo (University of Bologna), prehistorian Marcel Otte (Université de Liège) and anthropologist Henry Harpending (University of Utah).Alinei, Mario. The Paleolithic Continuity Theory on Indo-European Origins: An Introduction The Paleolithic Continuity Theory is distinctly a minority view as it enjoys very little academic support, serious discussion being limited to a small circle of scholars.

Cecily Margaret Guido (née Preston; 5 August 1912 – 8 September 1994, also known as Peggy Piggott) was an English archaeologist, prehistorian, and finds specialist. Her career in British archaeology spanned sixty years, and she is recognised for her field methods, her field-leading research into prehistoric settlements (hillforts and roundhouses), burial traditions, and artefact studies (particularly Iron Age to Anglo-Saxon glass beads), as well as her high-quality and rapid publication, contributing more than 50 articles and books to her field between the 1930s and 1990s.Peggy Guido, Obituary, The Times (30 Sept 1994).

The Frere family had been active abolitionists in the British colonial empire during the 19th century and established several communities for freed slaves. Three of these communities were still in existence when Leakey published her 1984 autobiography: Freretown, Kenya; Freretown, South Africa; and Freretown, India. The Nicols spent much of their time in southern France where young Mary became fluent in French. In 1925, when Mary was 12, the Nicols stayed at the commune, Les Eyzies, at a time when Elie Peyrony, a French archeologist and prehistorian, was excavating one of the caves there.

Altheim culture (Altheim group) is a Chalcolithic culture that derives its name from the town of Altheim. It is also a subgroup of Lengyel culture. Not defined until 1915 by the German Prehistorian Paul Reinecke after finds from a Causewayed enclosure 1000 m nw of Altheim (Essenbach), Landshut (district), in Lower Bavaria, Southeastern Germany. The Altheim culture sites range from the Inn (river) in the East to the Lech (river) in the West and from the Alb hills in the North to the foothills of the Alps in the South.

The couple had four children: Hedwig Louise Friderika Albertine (1803-1868), married in his first marriage to the Pomeranian President Wilhelm von Bonin (1786-1852), in his second marriage to General Otto von Bonin (1795-1862); Friedrich Albert Carl Anton (1805-1833), Heilwig Maria Sophia Florina (1806-1807) and (Albert) Ludwig (Florus Hans) (1810-1884). On the basis of various indications, family researchers consider it possible that Kamptz was the biological father of the prehistorian, archivist and conservator Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch. In 1838 Kamptz was elected a member of the Leopoldina.

Critique by Arthur Llewellyn Basham: Author of the first volume, Prof A. H. Dani is not only an expert archaeologist and prehistorian, but also an able Sanskrit scholar with a very important study of Indian palaeography to his credit. Its interest for the non-Pakistani reader lies chiefly in the attempt to find common factors in the ancient culture of what is now Pakistan. Although a great treasure of ancient Buddhist artefacts is discovered, no significant specimen of Mauryan Empire and Mauryan art is to be found in Pakistan. Gupta Empire also had little influence here.

Unable to find an academic job in Australia, Childe remained in Britain, renting a room in Bloomsbury, Central London, and spending much time studying at the British Museum and the Royal Anthropological Institute library. An active member of London's socialist movement, he associated with leftists at the 1917 Club in Gerrard Street, Soho. He befriended members of the Marxist Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) and contributed to their publication, Labour Monthly, but had not yet openly embraced Marxism. Having earned a good reputation as a prehistorian, he was invited to other parts of Europe to study prehistoric artefacts.

However, the right to dig in the fortress was asked from both the pseudo-scientific organization Ahnenerbe and the Main Work Group Southeast of the Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce. Pressured financially and politically, von Reiswitz felt he must side with one of them, so he arranged the participation of Ahnenerbe with organization's head Walther Wüst in October 1941. Based on this, collaborationist Minister for Education and Religion Velibor Jonić issued the "permit on monopoly" to Ahnenerbe's Secretary General Wolfram Sievers in February 1942. Austrian prehistorian was selected to conduct the survey, but he was killed in May 1942 near Kharkiv, Ukraine, before reaching Belgrade.

Dibble received his B.A. in 1971 and Ph.D. in 1981, both from the University of Arizona. He wrote his dissertation under the direction of Arthur J. Jelinek, an American archaeologist who had been trained in North American prehistoric archaeology by Leslie A. White and who worked on both the Paleolithic of Western Eurasia and the Mimbres culture in New Mexico. While a graduate student in the late 1970s, Dibble excavated with the French prehistorian François Bordes at the site of Pech de l'Azé IV in Carsac-Aillac, France, with whom he developed a strong mentoring relationship.

Upper Paleolithic art can be divided into two broad categories: figurative art such as cave paintings that clearly depicts animals (or more rarely humans); and nonfigurative, which consists of shapes and symbols. Cave paintings have been interpreted in a number of ways by modern archaeologists. The earliest explanation, by the prehistorian Abbe Breuil, interpreted the paintings as a form of magic designed to ensure a successful hunt. However, this hypothesis fails to explain the existence of animals such as saber-toothed cats and lions, which were not hunted for food, and the existence of half-human, half- animal beings in cave paintings.

Culture-historical archaeology was first introduced into British scholarship from continental Europe by an Australian prehistorian, V. Gordon Childe. A keen linguist, Childe was able to master a number of European languages, including German, and was well acquainted with the works on archaeological cultures written by Kossina. Following a period as Private Secretary to the Premier of New South Wales (NSW), Childe moved to London in 1921 for a position with the NSW Agent General, then spent a few years travelling Europe.Allen 1979 In 1927, Childe took up a position as the Abercrombie Professor of Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh.

Krishnaswami was trained by the Archaeological Survey of India and in the late 1930s, he was appointed a prehistorian in the survey. In 1938, he published his first paper, Environmental and Cultural Changes of Prehistoric man near Madras in the journal of the Madras Geographic Association. From 1940 onwards, along with K. V. Soundararajan and A. Swami, Krishnaswami carried out a systematic study of archaeological sites around Madras. The appointment of Mortimer Wheeler as Director General of the ASI in 1946, especially gave a boost to prehistoric studies as Wheeler was especially interested in the prehistoric archaeology of South India.

Louis Lartet Scraper on blade from Cro-Magnon - Collection Louis Lartet - Muséum de Toulouse Shell adornement of Cro-Magnon - Collection Louis Lartet - Muséum de Toulouse Louis Lartet (1840 - 1899) was a French geologist and paleontologist. He discovered the original Cro-Magnon skeletons. Louis Lartet was born in Castelnau-Magnoac, in Seissan in the département of Gers. His father, Édouard Lartet was a prominent geologist and prehistorian who played a key role in the 1860s and 1870s in finding evidence that humans had lived during the Quaternary period and Louis continued his father's researches into human prehistory.

Schmerling Cave (fr) Philippe-Charles or Philip Carel Schmerling (2 March 1791 Delft - 7 November 1836, Liège) was a Dutch/Belgian prehistorian, pioneer in paleontology, and geologist. He is often considered the founder of paleontology. In 1829 he discovered the first Neanderthal fossil in a cave in Engis, the partial cranium of a small child, although it was not recognized as such until 1936, and is now thought to be between 30,000-70,000 years old. It was the second discovery of a fossil of the genus Homo after the discovery of the Red Lady of Paviland in Wales in 1823.

The Cave of El Castillo was discovered in 1903 by the Spanish archaeologist Hermilio Alcalde del Río and was first explored and excavated by the German prehistorian Hugo Obermaier, with further excavation taking place in 1980. There are paintings of bison and horses, and large numbers of handprints, made by blowing mineral particles onto a hand pressed against the cave wall. These are believed to be the oldest examples of rock art in the region. They could not be dated by radiocarbon techniques because the pigments contained no organic matter, but were dated by assessing the age of the calcium carbonate deposit that had formed over the surface.

Thomas' first archaeological excavation was at the Bronze Age barrow on Godrevy headland, St Ives Bay in 1950, and he initially saw himself as a prehistorian. He was Director of excavations at Gwithian, Cornwall (1949–1963), which revealed an important post-Roman occupation. He was best known for his contributions to early medieval archaeology, particularly to the archaeology of early Christianity in Britain and Ireland. After Gwithian, excavations at early Christian sites included Nendrum Monastery, County Down in 1954; a chapel at East Porth, Teän, Isles of Scilly in 1956; Iona Abbey, Argyll in 1956–1963; Ardwall Island, Kirkcudbright; and Abercorn, West Lothian 1964–65.

S.J. Plunkett, 'Nina Frances Layard, Prehistorian (1835-1953)', in W. Davies and R. Charles (eds), Dorothy Garrod and the Progress of the Palaeolithic: Studies in the palaeolithic archaeology of the Near East and Europe (Oxbow, Oxford 1999), pp. 242–262. (Google). . An important acquisition of this time was the collection of stuffed British birds presented by the Ogilvie family in 1918. Collected in Suffolk and Scotland, they represent the long collaboration of Fergus Menteith Ogilvie (1861-1918) with the Norwich taxidermist Thomas Gunn. This large collection, still intact, on display and in good condition, has extremely beautiful simulated habitats and is now a rare survival.

In her book Plato Prehistorian (1986, 2nd edition 1990) Settegast argues Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias are partially reliable sources of oral tradition that contain memories that extend as far back to the Palaeolithic cultures of Western Europe and Neolithic Çatalhöyük. As a cautious scholar, she doesn't seek to identify Atlantis as a real place, and questions the existence of the island, but instead identifies the culture on Atlantis described by Plato with Magdalenian culture (17,000 – 12,000 BP) of the Lascaux cave art. In 1992, a fairly negative review of the book was published in the classics journal Ancient Philosophy.Adkins, A. W. H. (1992).

Following his death, several articles examining Childe's impact on archaeology were published. In 1980, Bruce Trigger's Gordon Childe: Revolutions in Archaeology appeared, which studied the influences that extended over Childe's archaeological thought; the same year saw the publication of Barbara McNairn's The Method and Theory of V. Gordon Childe, examining his methodological and theoretical approaches to archaeology. The following year, Sally Green published Prehistorian: A Biography of V. Gordon Childe, in which she described him as "the most eminent and influential scholar of European prehistory in the twentieth century". Peter Gathercole thought the work of Trigger, McNairn, and Green was "extremely important"; Tringham considered it all part of a "let's-get-to-know-Childe-better" movement.

Elbe Germanic disc fibula from Schwanbeck, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany The term 'Elbe Germanic' (German: Elbgermanen) was first used in 1868 by Paul Gustav Wislicenus (1847-1917), but it was especially popularized by the German prehistorian :de:Walther Matthes in 1931.Johannes Hoops, Heinrich Beck, Dieter Geuenich, Heiko Steuer: Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde: Band 7; Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 1989, The term was based initially on partially speculative derivations from ancient Roman sources. For example, numerous Roman authors mentioned the tribes such as the Suebi and the Irminones, and some other Germanic tribes of the late antiquity on the Danube limes of the Roman Empire. In the second half of the 20th century, more archeological evidence has emerged.

Graffiti found on stalagmites and columns date back to 1801 and early reports mentioning "passages leading off St. Michaels Cave" suggest that the site was first explored in the 1700s by British troops; however, it was only until 1864 that Captain Frederick Brome explored this system extensively and realised its beauty. In 1867, he named this cave after his wife Leonora saying the site was "of unimaginable beauty". In 1914, the famous French prehistorian Abbe Breuil visited this cave in an attempt to research it properly and was the first to report seeing spiders, isopods, acaris, staphylindis and diptera. Bats were also reported to have been common in these caves although none are found now.

His final and most controversial excavation in Cumbria was that of a circular ring ditch near Penrith known as King Arthur's Round Table in 1937. It appeared to be a Neolithic henge monument, and Collingwood's excavations, failing to find conclusive evidence of Neolithic activity, nevertheless found the base of two stone pillars, a possible cremation trench and some post holes. Sadly, his subsequent ill health prevented him undertaking a second season so the work was handed over to the German prehistorian Gerhard Bersu, who queried some of Collingwood's findings. However, recently, Grace Simpson, the daughter of the excavator F. G. Simpson, has queried Bersu's work and largely rehabilitated Collingwood as an excavator.

In his 1924 publication dealing with Kent, the archaeologist O. G. S. Crawford, then working as the archaeological officer for the Ordnance Survey, listed the Coldrum Stones alongside the other Medway Megaliths. In 1926, the Coldrum Stones were given to The National Trust, a charity which dedicated it as a memorial to the Kentish prehistorian Benjamin Harrison. A plaque was erected to mark this, which erroneously termed the monument a stone circle; in 1953, the archaeologist Leslie Grinsell expressed the view that "it is hoped that this error may be rectified in the near future". Still owned by the Trust, the site is open to visitors all year round, free of charge.

Anton Rzehak Anton Rzehak (26 May 1855 in Neuhof, near Nikolcitz - 31 March 1923 in Brno) was a Moravian geologist, paleontologist and prehistorian. He studied chemistry and geology at the University of Technology in Brünn, where from 1880 to 1884, he worked as an assistant to Alexander Makowsky (1833–1908).Rzehak, Anton (1855-1923), Geologe, Paläontologe und Prähistoriker Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon und biographische Dokumentation In 1883 the two men published a geological map on the environs of Brünn.Geologische Karte der Umgebung von Brünn OCLC WorldCat From 1884 to 1905 he taught classes in chemistry and natural history at a secondary school in Brünn, and in the meantime, obtained an associate professorship for paleontology and applied geography (1902).

In June 2017, Zangger received unpublished documents from the estate of the British prehistorian James Mellaart, which the latter had marked to be of particular importance. The material in Mellaart's estate referred to two groups of documents, both of which were allegedly found in 1878 in a village called Beyköy, 34 kilometers north of Afyonkarahisar in western Turkey. On the one hand there was a Luwian hieroglyphic inscription (“HL Beyköy 2”) on limestone which must have been composed around 1180 BC. Mellaart, however, only possessed a drawing of this inscription. According to Mellaart's notes, in addition to this, bronze tablets bearing Hittite texts in Akkadian cuneiform were also found at Beyköy (“Beyköy text”).

Due to his efforts to rescue Belgian and northern French artworks, he was first appointed to the German Armistice Commission in Spa, Belgium, became a consultant from January, 1920, and then worked in the Reich Commissariat for Reparations in Berlin. In Spa, he met the French prehistorian Raymond Lantier and in Berlin he made contacts with German archaeologist Carl Schuchhardt, at that time the director of the Ethnological Museum of Berlin, whose prehistoric department contained the largest collection of artifacts in Germany. In 1924 he became a corresponding member of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI). Following these years of wartime interruptions Unverzagt resumed his studies and received his doctorate on March 3, 1925 from the University of Tübingen with the classical archaeologist Carl Watzinger.

At the outset his principal aim was to continue with the Glamorgan inventory, and five massive volumes were published between 1976 and 2000 which were highly praised - though even as the millennium ended the plan had not been fully realised. At the same time progress was made on the sites and monuments of Brecknock and a revision of the Radnorshire book of 1913 was begun to bring it up to modern scholarly standards. The chairman of the Commission, W. F. Grimes, encouraged greater interest in industrial remains - though he himself was a notable prehistorian. Particular attention was given to the early communications systems of the Swansea valley: a prelude to more extensive studies of Wales's canals and the remains of the Swansea region's industries.

There is evidence of people living in the area during the Neolithic (from circa 4000 to 2500 BC years). The key discovery was of a leaf-shaped flint arrowhead, which was found within a shallow pit on the lower eastern slope, now part of the modern gardens. Other pieces of flint have been found, and at least two could be Mesolithic (circa 8000 to 3500 BC). During the Mesolithic, Britain was still attached to mainland Europe via Doggerland, and archaeologist and prehistorian Caroline Malone noted that during the Late Mesolithic the British Isles were something of a "technological backwater" in European terms, still living as a hunter-gatherer society whilst most of southern Europe had already taken up agriculture and sedentary living.

Between 1924 and 1928 Georg Leisner collaborated with the Frobenius Institute of Cultural Morphology at the University of Frankfurt and in 1926, possibly also with Vera, took part in Leo Frobenius's eighth expedition to Africa, to the Nubian desert, to examine the architecture and document rock paintings of the area. Returning to Bavaria after the trip to Italy, the couple made acquaintance with Hugo Obermaier, a distinguished prehistorian and anthropologist and professor at the Complutense University of Madrid. He suggested that Georg study prehistory and he enrolled at the University of Munich in 1927. However, he soon moved to the Department of Prehistory and Early History at the University of Marburg, where the first German chair of prehistoric archaeology was created in 1928.

Miles Crawford Burkitt (27 December 1890 – 22 August 1971) was a British archaeologist and prehistorian, who is known for his work, mainly on the Stone Age, in Europe, Asia and especially Africa, where he was one of the first pioneers of African archaeology. He was the first Cambridge University lecturer in Prehistoric Archaeology. He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, reading Natural Sciences and having Thomas McKenny Hughes as a professor. He excavated in France and Spain with Abbe Breuil and Hugo Obermaier, and served with the YMCA in France during World War I. He lectured in Cambridge in prehistoric archaeology, at first on a voluntarily basis, and finally as a University Lecturer in the Faculty of Archaeology and Anthropology.

The sculpture was identified in 1933 by , a French consul in JerusalemNeuville represented the French Republic as vice-consul at Jerusalem from 1928 to 1937 and as consul-general from 1946 to 1952; see footnote on page 301 of Les Mandats Francais Et Anglais Dans Une Perspective (in French); he is known for his work with Skhul and Qafzeh hominids in the Levant. and prehistorian, when looking through random finds obtained by the French Fathers at Bethlehem. He found the stone whilst visiting a small museum with Abbé Breuil.A History of the World in 100 objects - Part 7, BBC Radio 4, 26 January 2010, transcript, accessed 23 July 2010 Neuville immediately identified it as important and was able to get an introduction to the Bedouin who had made the finds at Wadi Khareitoun.

Arbaei Formal excavations in the area started in 1924 by an Italian Archaeological Mission as a political tool for Mussolini's nationalistic ambitions to the east of the Adriatic.. During 1924–1928, French and Italian archaeologists found a few Illyrian artifacts in Phoenice. In fact, the Italian mission headed by the fascist prehistorian,. Luigi Ugolini, hoped that the prehistoric graves that would be discovered could be attributed to the Illyrians in order exploit Albanian nationalist sentiment, but the finds themselves were hardly stunning.. Ugolini also stated that materials found there were related to the Iron Age culture of southern Italy. Ugolini's thesis was later politically exploited by the totalitarian regime of Fascist Italy.. After 1928, excavations moved to the nearby archaeological sites of Kalivo and Çuka e Aitoit (or Mount Eagle) and continued until 1943.

Pickering was supported in his hypothesis by the European prehistorian Paul Bahn, who published a short one-page article in the journal Nature in 1990, in which he proclaimed that the case for cannibalism at Fontbrégoua must be considered "not proven." In a 1992 paper published in the Evolutionary Anthropology journal, Villa critiqued Pickering's ideas, reiterating her position that the remains at the site represented "the only well-documented case of cannibalism in European prehistory". Rejecting Pickering's claims, she remarks that secondary burial does not represent a "meaningful alternative" to cannibalism, which remained the "simplest and most satisfactory explanation" for the evidence found in the cave. She argues that had this been a case of secondary burial, then the human remains would not have been treated exactly the same as the animal remains, as they had been.

It was here in 1950 that Bridget met fellow PhD student Raymond Allchin and married in March 1951. Travelling to India for the first time with Raymond in 1951, Bridget steadily but firmly established herself as the most prominent South Asian Prehistorian in the UK. A pioneering female field-archaeologist in South Asia at a time when there were none, Bridget's research interests and publications were to stretch across South Asia from Afghanistan to Sri Lanka. At first Bridget's academic and organisational skills were dedicated to supporting Raymond's fieldwork but, despite not holding a full-time academic post, she successfully raised funds and established a number of innovative field projects. This included directing fieldwork in the Great Thar Desert with Professor K. T. M. Hegde of the M.S. University of Baroda and Professor Andrew Goudie of the University of Oxford.

To Thomsen the find circumstances were the key to dating. In 1821 he wrote in a letter to fellow prehistorian Schröder: > nothing is more important than to point out that hitherto we have not paid > enough attention to what was found together. and in 1822: > we still do not know enough about most of the antiquities either; ... only > future archaeologists may be able to decide, but they will never be able to > do so if they do not observe what things are found together and our > collections are not brought to a greater degree of perfection. This analysis emphasizing co-occurrence and systematic attention to archaeological context allowed Thomsen to build a chronological framework of the materials in the collection and to classify new finds in relation to the established chronology, even without much knowledge of their provenience.

Lindenhof hill and Schipfe as seen from Limmatquai The core of the Helvetii and Roman settlement was the Lindenhof hill amidst the present Altstadt of the modern city of Zürich. The moraine hill was the site of the prehistorian settlements were the modern city historically has grown. The hilltop area dominates the city of Zürich alongside the eastern Limmat riverbank, and its northern slope called Sihlbühl towards the former Sihl delta marked the northern boundary of the Helvetii and Roman settlement – where the structures of the medieval Oetenbach Nunnery, Waisenhaus Zürich and later the Urania Sternwarte were erected at the present Uraniastrasse, and therefore important historical archaeaological excavations never were done. To the south, at the St. Peter church hill, there was another cultic construction towards Münsterhof, and in the west the settlement was bounded by the present Rennweg–Bahnhofstrasse lanes and the Münzplatz plaza.

Florentino López Alonso-Cuevillas (November 14, 1886 – July 30, 1958) was a Spanish anthropologist and prehistorian, although in the course of his life he also became involved in writing, primarily essays and fiction. Like several other Galician intellectuals of his generation, he was a member of Xeración Nós, of the Seminar of Galician Studies and the Irmandades da Fala, combining the cultural and linguistic activities he carried out in those institutions with a discrete participation in pro-Galican politics. However, his social and political activities were profoundly disrupted by the victory of nationalists in the Spanish Civil War, although in the 1940s he returned to his commitment to the spread of Galician culture as a full member of the Royal Galician Academy, and of the Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento. Like the other members of his generation, he contributed to the maturation of Galician literature, but he was renown as a result of his efforts in the field of science.

It was not until the 20th century and the works of German prehistorian and fervent nationalist Gustaf Kossinna that the idea of archaeological cultures became central to the discipline. Kossinna saw the archaeological record as a mosaic of clearly defined cultures (or Kultur-Gruppen, culture groups) that were strongly associated with race. He was particularly interested in reconstructing the movements of what he saw as the direct prehistoric ancestors of Germans, Slavs, Celts and other major Indo-European ethnic groups in order to trace the Aryan race to its homeland or urheimat.. The strongly racist character of Kossinna's work meant it had little direct influence outside of Germany at the time (the Nazi Party enthusiastically embraced his theories), or at all after World War II. However, the more general "culture history" approach to archaeology that he began did replace social evolutionism as the dominant paradigm for much of the 20th century. Kossinna's basic concept of the archaeological culture, stripped of its racial aspects, was adopted by Vere Gordon Childe and Franz Boas, at the time the most influential archaeologists in Britain and America respectively.