We took a detour on a polder path, then stopped.
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The Polder Stable-Read thermometer provides accurate readings in as little as four seconds.
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The most important kitchen tool that I use for developing recipes is my trusty Polder digital scale.
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Mr. Malcorps is also a spokesman for Heritage Community Doel and Polder, an association to preserve the area.
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Dutch political culture is renowned for its "polder" model, in which disparate interest groups hammer out compromises through interminable negotiations.
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Now pumps are run by diesel, not wind, but the polder landscape of small rectangles of land surrounded by drainage channels remains.
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The aim of the polder model is to create consensus for difficult measures by making all big players jointly responsible for the plan.
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Polder Compact Accordian Drying Rack, $19.99 at Bed Bath & BeyondWhen folded down, this drying rack is flat and can be stored easily under your bed.
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Polder 18-jar compact spice rack — £16.99 (list price £27.99) Polder 4-piece advantage dish rack system — £25.99 (list price £56.99) Stanley classic vacuum flask — £30.99 (list price £49.99) Ecozone Ecoballs (1000 washes) — £20.49.00 (list price £19.99) Morphy Richards accents roll top bread bin — £18.99 (list price £34.99) The SUPSOO G29.99 stereo gaming headset for Xbox One can be purchased for just over £214.99.
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So too did double Olympic cycling champion Victoria Pendleton after finishing fifth on Pacha du Polder in the Foxhunter Chase won by another female jockey Nina Carberry.
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If you want to get an accurate internal temperature reading for your meats but don't want to pay porterhouse prices, consider the Polder Stable-Read Digital Thermometer.
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In recent decades the word has come to designate a Dutch style of governance, the "polder model", in which competing social stakeholders negotiate how to tackle collective problems.
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British tanks arrived too late to help; they had to come by a narrow road, dubbed "Hell's Highway", which ran across marshy polder land and was highly vulnerable to German attack.
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As prime minister he formed three successive governments, pursuing a "more markets, less government" agenda through what the Dutch call the polder model of consensus, named after cooperative efforts to reclaim the country's low-lying land from the sea.
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Half of the Kuttanad region, a trough of 153,215 hectares (230,295 acres) covering 79 villages in three districts, is under sea level, consisting of reclaimed delta swamps fenced by dykes, out of which water is pumped every few days, similar to the Dutch polder system.
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Here are the best meat thermometers:Best meat thermometer overall: Lavatools Javelin Digital Meat ThermometerBest meat thermometer on a budget: Polder Stable-Read Digital ThermometerBest high-end meat thermometer: ThermoPro Wireless Remote Meat ThermometerBest meat thermometer for fast readings: Lavatools Javelin PRO Duo Digital Meat ThermometerBest smart meat thermometer: iDevices Kitchen ThermometerUpdated on 1/14/2020 by Jen Gushue: Updated links, formatting, and prices.
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The pilot Polder Andijk in green The pilot Polder Andijk, or Test Polder Andijk, Proefpolder Andijk in Dutch, is a polder established in 1926 - 1927 in the Zuiderzee near the village of Andijk. The aim of this prototype is to study the embankments and agriculture for future polders in the Zuiderzee Works. In 1929, the pilot polder was inaugurated by Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands.
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As of 1 January 2005. Westbroek consists mainly of a ribbon of farms along a dike. The village is surrounded by a number of polders: the Polder Westbroek, the Kerkeindse Polder, and the Polder Achttienhoven in the north, and the Molenpolder and Polder de Kooi in the south. The Molenpolder is a nature reserve.
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Map of the Sophia Polder The Sophia Polder is a polder to the south of Oostburg, Netherlands. It is one of a group of polders in the . A refuge for water birds, it has been a designated nature reserve since 2006.
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De Volharding was built in 1872. It drained the Ald Piip Polder, which has an area of . The mill can pump water into the polder as well as draining water from the polder. The mill worked until 1955, after which it became derelict.
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The Zuidpoldermolen is a thatched octagonal internal turning polder mill in Edam. The low, octagonal design categorizes it as a smock style, and the name translates to "south polder mill." The polder in 1875 has been supplemented by a steam screw pump.
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Map of the Mastenbroek polder in about 1750. The village of Mastenbroek can be seen in the middle of the polder ("Mastenbroecker kerck", Mastenbroek church). Mastenbroek is a polder in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It lies north of the city of Zwolle.
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The Achtermeer polder, south of Alkmaar in the Dutch province of North Holland, is the first known polder in the Netherlands.Reh, W., Steenbergen, C., Aten, D. 2007. Sea of Land, The polder as an experimental atlas of Dutch landscape architecture. 344 pp, Uitgeverij Architectura & Natura.
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The resulting polder has grown to an area of approximately . It was named the Sophia Polder, after General Vandamme's wife. The general constructed a wooden pavilion on the polder to be used as a summer residence. In 1860 this was enlarged, becoming a farmstead.
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The eastern half of the area, Polder Blokland, still is part of the municipality of De Ronde Venen in the province of Utrecht (which includes Mijdrecht); the western half of the area, part of Polder Zevenhoven, is part of Liemeer in the province South Holland. Confusingly, the hamlet itself lies in Polder Zevenhoven; the houses in Polder Blokland are part of the hamlets Kromme Mijdrecht and De Hoef.
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Coat of arms of the Lopikerwaard water board The Willige Langerak polder, part of the Lopikerwaard. The Lopikerwaard is a polder landscape, located in the Dutch province of Utrecht.
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In 1700, the inhabitants were granted a profitable charter, which allowed for the construction of a regular dike in 1702/1703. The new Dagebüll polder amounted to 502 hectares and relatively to the old Hallig, it was considerably shifted to the east. In 1704 a dam was built to connect the Dagebüll polder to the Old Christian Albrechts Polder. By the creation of the Kleisee Polder in 1727, Dagebüll eventually became part of the mainland.
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De Westermolen was built in 1845 to drain the Ooster- en Wester- Nieuwkruisland polder. As well as draining the polder, it could also pump water into the polder. The mill worked until 1959, when a stock broke in a storm. Permission was then sought to demolish the mill, but this was refused.
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On August 27, 1927, the pilot polder was drained. The cost of the polder, about 1 million guilders, was relatively high, but the cost of polders to come should be lower.
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Dirk Polder (August 23, 1919 - March 18, 2001) was a Dutch physicist who, together with Hendrik Casimir, first predicted the existence of what today is known as the Casimir-Polder force,H. B. G. Casimir, and D. Polder, The Influence of Retardation on the London-van der Waals Forces, Physical Review, Vol. 73, Issue 4, pp. 360-372 (1948).
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The oldest stil existing polder is the Achtermeer polder, from 1533. As a result of flooding disasters, water boards called waterschap (when situated more inland) or hoogheemraadschap (near the sea, mainly used in the Holland region) Reh, W., Steenbergen, C., Aten, D. 2007. Sea of Land, The polder as an experimental atlas of Dutch landscape architecture. 344 pp, Uitgeverij Architectura & Natura.
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The polder area is bounded by the Hollandse IJssel river to the north and north east, the Lek river to the south and the Krimpenerwaard polder to the west. Several larger drainage canals cross the polder from east to west. The area largely coincides with the municipality of Lopik, whence it gets its name. The landscape is defined by large areas of pasture lands and linear settlements.
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The novel portrays a "time polder", a bubble which comprises a particular slice of history and a particular bit of geography. In this "polder", history repeats itself through Dios, and critic Stefan Ekman argues that a central theme of the novel is the struggle breaking free from the "polder", of leaving one's background behind.Ekman, Stefan. (2013) Here Be Dragons: Exploring Fantasy Maps and Settings.
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In the late twentieth century the polder became a site for holiday homes.
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A test-bed of , the Pilot Polder Andijk was built in 1926 and 1927 and is reclaimed from the Zuiderzee. Now, this area serves as a residential area. This polder is significant for the city: it is cited in its anthem.
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Saramacca Polder is a resort in Suriname, located in the Wanica District. Its population at the 2012 census was 10,217. And the majority of the population is of East Indian descend. The Saramacca Polder was created between 1894 and 1904.
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The purpose of these lakes is to isolate the management of water of the polder land from that of the neighbouring old land. When a polder is created, the ground level within it is below that of the surrounding area. If it is connected directly to the polder, the water table in ancient lands falls, which causes the soil to dry out.Tijdshrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 1964, p.
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The mill is kept in reserve should it be needed to drain the polder.
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The municipality of Duist contained the village of Zevenhuizen and the polder De Haar.
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To the South and West an extensive outwork, the Polder, which had formerly been a field from which the water had been pumped by means of windmills near the point where the Yperlet stream flowed into the old harbour. Flanking the Polder at both points were the South bulwark and the West bulwark, in front of each were two further outworks; the inner stronger Polder, South and West Bulwark's which then linked the Polder, South and West Ravelins. This then linked to the Polder, South and West square's; Ostend's most outer defensive works. At the northwest angle, near the mouth of the fordable old harbour, the walls consisted of a strong ravelin in the counter scarp called the Porcepic, and a bastion in its rear known by the name of the Helmund.
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Huigsloot () is a hamlet in the Dutch municipality of Haarlemmermeer, in the province of North Holland. It is located on the southeast of a polder, on Ringvaart, between Buitenkaag and Vredeburg. Before the creation of the polder of Haarlemmermeer, Huigsloot formed an isthmus in the lake. This isthmus was cut off from the nearby land by the construction of a canal in Ringvaart, which also formed a parcel of former land into a polder.
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It empties below the Iffezheim Lock into th Rhine, a good 10 kilometres below its old confluence. From Greffern the Acher is used as a link for the different areas of the Söllingen/Greffern Polder. In order to protect the Acher even when the polder floods, in 2005 a pumping station near Greffern was brought into operation.Regierungspräsidium Karlsruhe: Polder Söllingen/Greffern – Baumaßnahmen: Das Acherschöpfwerk mit Sielbauwerk – Bauwerk O. (retrieved 12 June 2011).
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This polder was the Witmarsum-Hartwerd Polder positioned to the south east of Marneslenk, extending to the Middelzee. It left Witmarsum on the edge of the polder adjacent to the south west branch of the Marne. Dykes were built on the levees surrounding the Marne. On the south side they were starting from the Zuider Zee, the first being Sânwei (Zandweg), then Penjumer Rige (now called Riegeweg), to Mania, then Nesserleane heading east-southeast.
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By 1929 the polder was dry. Rain normally washes salt from reclaimed land in six or seven years; to make the soil useful faster, gypsum was added to the soil with different fertilizers in various parts of the experimental farm. The land became an ordinary farm on 1 November 1935 after tests showed that the polder could be cultivated. With the experience gained in the pilot, development of the polder Wieringermeer was accelerated.
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Dick van den Polder (23 September 1934 – 21 October 2013) was a Dutch footballer and journalist.
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After the Battle of Callantsoog General Herman Willem Daendels with the 1st Batavian Division had fallen back all the way to the Schermer polder, as he deemed the Zijpe polder indefensible, because the British could easily perform another amphibious landing at the North-Sea dike near the village of Petten behind him. This left the Zijpe polder (a former marsh that had been transformed into rich farmland by embanking during the 16th century) open to the British. The Zijpe polder formed a natural redoubt, because of its high southern dikeWhich was actually the old sea dike from the days before the embanking. It was called the Westfriesche Zeedijk.
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Nederslingeland is a polder in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is located about 5 km northwest of the city of Gorinchem. The hamlet Pinkeveer is located in the polder. Nederslingeland was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1857, when it became part of Peursum.
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In 1924 the Lovink Committee published a proposal to build a pilot polder. This polder could, on a small scale experiment future agriculture. The knowledge would then be used for the Wieringermeer. For this reason, in 1926-1927 near the village Andijk, of land were reclaimed.
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It was decided to use geohydrology to detach the new polders from the mainland. A string of peripheral lakes have been left between the two, requiring a much longer dike of 90 km to encircle the polder. The plans for a single south-eastern polder were changed to construct two separate polders with a joint hydrological infrastructure. They were divided by a dike in the middle, the Knardijk, which would keep one polder safe should the other be flooded.
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24 This was observed in the Noordoostpolder, Overijssel and Friesland to the east and between the Wieringermeerpolder and North Holland. In addition, water flows to the new polder lands, creating a very wet area, especially at the edges of the polder. Drainage may be a solution, but this only increases the problem in the old land. If a large enough bordering lake is created between polder and old land, the water pressure and level remain the same.
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Apart from the village itself, the municipality covered the polder Maarsseveen, and the village of Oud-Maarsseveen.
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It gets its name from the Dutch word (polder) for tracts of land enclosed by dikes. The polder model has been described as "a pragmatic recognition of pluriformity" and "cooperation despite differences". It is thought that the Dutch politician Ina Brouwer was the first to use the term poldermodel, in her 1990 article "Het socialisme als poldermodel?" (Socialism as polder model?), although it is uncertain whether she coined the term or simply seems to have been the first to write it down.
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Since the time of General Vandamme the landscape of the Sophia Polder has been further affected by drainage work and sand extraction. The hamlet of Bakkerdam has developed at the eastern end of the polder. From here, the drainage canal ("uitwateringskanaal") flows in a westerly direction along the northerly edge of the polder, following the line of what was formerly the . To the south of the drainage canal, sand extraction has created a marshy creek which forms a natural magnet for water birds.
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The municipality of Schermer included not only the Schermer polder, but also the polders Oterleek, Mijzenpolder, and Eilandspolder.
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Kuipers argues that the modern socioeconomic polder model already manifested itself in 1920 with the Dutch High Council of Labour. It would follow that the polder model is much older and therefore could have had a larger influence on Dutch society and economy than has generally been thought up to now.
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De Skarrenmolen was built in 1888. It served as a corn mill and a drainage mill originally, but now is only a drainage mill. The mill drains the Rijpkema polder. The mill was sold to the Stichting Skarrenmolen in 1982 following the installation of an electric pump to drain the polder.
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In the 19th century, it had about 160 inhabitants, 120 of which in the polder Gerverscop. The current statistical district "Gerverscop", which covers the hamlet and the surrounding polder, has a population of around 150.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Statline: Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2003-2005 . As of 1 January 2005.
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This screw was used to pump water into the polder. The lower crown wheel, which has 35 cogs, drives a gearwheel with 32 cogs on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which was used to drain the polder. The axle of the screw is diameter and long. The screw is diameter.
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Originally the polder was planned to have been created after the completion of the Afsluitdijk. As there was a severe lack of agricultural ground, the dikes for the polder had to be built in the Zuiderzee, a sea. The dikes had to be tougher and ready to withstand the force of the sea.
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Kinderdijk () is a village in the municipality of Molenlanden, in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located about east of Rotterdam. Kinderdijk is situated in the Alblasserwaard polder at the confluence of the Lek and Noord rivers. To drain the polder, a system of 19 windmills was built around 1740.
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Kingmatille was originally built in 1870 to drain the Van Duinen Polder. It was replaced by a diesel engine. The mill was restored in 1950 and in 1985 it was moved to its present location, by the Hatzumer Polder. The mill was officially opened on 23 October 1991 by Pieter van Vollenhoven.
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Alblasserdam's strategic location also brought it negative consequences. For example, between 1350 and 1821, the Alblasserwaard polder flooded 32 times.
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Sandelingen Ambacht is a polder about 12 km southeast of Rotterdam and a neighborhood of Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht, South Holland.
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It turned out that the farmland was so good that the project was considered then to be an economic success, in contrast to e.g. the Heerhugowaard. Since 1999 the entire Beemster polder has been on the UNESCO world heritage list. The Beemster polder is home to CONO Kaasmakers, maker of the Beemster brand of cheeses.
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In 1988 the work was completed and the windmill is currently in regular use to drain the Geeuwpolder. This polder is one of the last remaining summer polders, it is only drained during the summer and allowed to flood in winter. The polder is now a nature reserve owned by Staatsbosbeheer (English: State Forest Management).
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607–30 in JSTOR; Robert Anchor, "History and Play: Johan Huizinga and His Critics," History and Theory (1978) 17#1 pp. 63–93 in JSTOR The "polder model" continues to strongly influence historians as well as Dutch political discussion. The polder model stresses the need for finding consensus; it discourages furious debate and angry dissent in both academia and politics – in contrast to the highly developed, intense debates in Germany.Chris Lorenz, "Het 'Academisch Poldermodel' En De Westforschung in Nederland," [The Dutch Academic Polder Model and Westforschung in the Netherlands].
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Emerging from the crater and carrying the Polder at last to their surprise were new defences. The besiegers had worked out where the mine was being dug withdrew from the Polder and built a new set of defences (known as the New Polder) directly behind with flanking batteries for the impending assault. The musketeers and pikemen protected by their new works were ready and after giving heavy fire then counterattacked towards the shocked and confused assailants. After they reeled back after a brief but severe struggle, the Spanish retreated suffering yet more heavy losses.
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The manor of Powderham is named from the ancient Dutch word polder, and means "the hamlet of the reclaimed marsh-land".
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The pumping stations started draining the polder that same day, completing the task in June 1957. Three were built: the Wortman (diesel powered) at Lelystad-Haven, the Lovink near Harderwijk and the Colijn (both electrically powered) along the northern dike beside the Ketelmeer. All three were built with extra capacity with the future southern polder in mind.
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Within twenty weeks, a dyke was built around this area, and a polder was created, the Eierlandse Polder. This meant a significant enlargement of the island of Texel. The lighthouse of Texel, the Eierland Lighthouse, is located on the northern tip of the former island. This area was formerly known as het Engels Kerkhof, the English Cemetery.
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Draining of the polder was finished on 21 August 1930. After the completion of the Afsluitdijk in 1932, the lake IJsselmeer was formed from the waters. The huge Lely pumping station lies at the southern end of Wieringermeer near Medemblik and functions to keep the polder dry. After desalinization, the new land became usable in 1934.
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Further stages in land reclamation, constituting the major part of modern Barendrecht, were the Binnenland polder (1484), Buitenland polder (1555) and Zuidpolder (1649). During the French Period, the three fiefdoms were merged into one municipality Barendrecht. After the French Period, it was split into East and West-Barendrecht, but in 1836 it was again united as one municipality.
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The windmill was built in 1888. Before the merger of several waterboards it drained the polder Tolsma. It was restored to working order in 1981 by millwright Dijkstra from Giekerk though it can no longer drain water from the polder, instead it pumps water round in a circuit. In 2011 the windshaft and stocks were replaced.
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Water boards hold separate elections, levy taxes, and function independently from other government bodies. Their function is basically unchanged even today. As such they are the oldest democratic institution in the country. The necessary cooperation among all ranks to maintain polder integrity gave its name to the Dutch version of third way politics—the Polder Model.
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De Kleilânsmole was built in 1865 to drain the De Traan polder. Until 1947, there were two Archimedes' screw, enabling the mill to drain and fill its polder. These were replaced by an electrically driven pump. The mill was restored in 1974 and on 4 May 1976, the mill was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole ().
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De Marssummermolen was built in 1903 by millwright J H Westra of Franeker. The mill can drain the polder, or pump water into the polder, or pump water in a closed circuit. Restorations were undertaken in 1976, and 1992-94. It is used as a training mill (), and was the first mill in Friesland to be designated as such.
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The axle of the Archimedes' screw is diameter and long. This screw is used to pump water into the polder. The lower crown wheel, which has 43 cogs, drives a gearwheel with 38 cogs on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder. The axle of the screw is diameter and long.
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They built the dikes straight and at right angles to each other, making a cross. This newly reclaimed area was named "Cruys Polder" (cross polder), reflecting its uniqueness. People from this area sometimes took the surname Van de Cruys (from the cross), or simply, Cruys. Later derivations of the surname Cruys became Cruijsse, Crouse, and Kruis, among others.
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Achthoven is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, and lies about 7 km south of IJsselstein. The hamlet is located in the Polder Achthoven, on the dike of the river Lek. The statistical area "Achthoven", which includes the entire polder, has a population of around 260.
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It can help drain the polder and has been designated as a backup to the pumping station by the waterboard Wetterskip Fryslân.
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The polder is used for recreation, and has facilities for overnight stays, such as several camp-sites, two hunting points, and a beach.
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Position where the dike burst took place On 17 April 1945, the retreating German occupying forces inundated the polder of Wieringermeer, the Netherlands.
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At the bottom of the upright shaft, the great spur wheel (71 cogs) drives three wooden shafts, each of which drives a wooden Archimedes' screw via another set of gears. Two of the Archimedes' screws drain the "Olifant polder", while the third pumps water into the polder. The drive to the larger of the two Archimedes' screws that drain the polder is from a 38-cog gear wheel meshing with the great spur wheel. This drives a 35-cog gear wheel which drives the Archimedes' screw via a 46-cog gear wheel on the axle of the Archimedes' screw.
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In quantum field theory, the Casimir effect and the Casimir–Polder force are physical forces arising from a quantized field. Dutch physicists Hendrik Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947. After a conversation with Niels Bohr who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948; the former is called the Casimir–Polder force while the latter is the Casimir effect in the narrow sense.
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Since 1986, Urk has belonged to the province of Flevoland. After WWII, Urk's town spread into the polder. Many Urkers who had to leave the town because of overcrowding before the polder reclamation was completed were able to return to Urk. The Noordoostpolder in its early years had an alternative name "Urker Land," from which Urk's newspaper, Het Urkerland, gets its name.
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The only thing he retained from the old plan was the raising of the polder area with about five feet for the drainage and sewage. He refrained from regrouping so that the street pattern was a copy of the old polder lock pattern. It was all built as quickly as possible, using the cheapest materials (jerry-building). No villas were built.
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Teetlum, (West Frisian: Teatlum) after a nearby terp, also known as Duivenhok named after the polder it drained, is a drainage mill near the village of Tzum, Friesland, Netherlands. It is a hollow post windmill of the type called spinnenkop by the Dutch. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 15877 and can be used to drain the adjacent polder.
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Boonstra's Polder Molen, March 1971. Poldermolen Nr.27 or Boonstra's Polder Molen was a grondzeiler which was built before 1832 to the north of Holstmeerweg at . The mill was dismantled in 1937 after an electric motor had been installed. The remains of the mill were still standing in May 1978, but had been cleared by 1995, when Friese Molens was published.
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POLDER (POLarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances) is a passive optical imaging radiometer and polarimeter instrument developed by the French space agency CNES.
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POLDER has a mass of approximately , and has a power consumption of 77 W in imaging mode (with a mean consumption of 29 W).
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As of 1 January 2005. It consists of a number of farms in the Polder Kamerik-Teylingens, east of the villages of Kamerik and Kanis.
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Originally the polder was named Lodewijkspolder, after then King of Holland Louis Bonaparte who had given the permit to start work. With the restoration of the House of Orange, the name was quickly changed. The polder was now named after Wilhelmina of Prussia, wife of William I of the Netherlands. De Geschiedenis van Goes en omgeving Restaurant Katseveer (one Michelin star) is located in the village.
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POLDER was first launched as a passenger instrument aboard ADEOS I on 17 August 1996. The mission ended on 30 June 1997 when communication from the host satellite failed. POLDER 2 was launched in December 2002 aboard ADEOS II. The second mission ended prematurely after 10 months when the satellite's solar panel malfunctioned. A third generation instrument was launched on board the French PARASOL microsatellite.
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The mill was built around 1800 and later moved to Gorredijk. Next to draining the polder it got a secondary use from 1886 onwards to inundate the local ice skating ring. It was named Molen van Posthuman after its owner or named after the polder it drained called Mountsjelân (English: little mill land). In 1922 it became superfluous when a kerosene-engine powered pumping station was built.
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The town is situated in the Zaan district, on the eastern side of the river Zaan, across from Wormerveer. The town is surrounded by the nature area Wormer- en Jisperveld. The village of Oostknollendam, the polder Schaalsmeer (reclaimed in 1631), the polder Enge Wormer (reclaimed in 1634) and a part of the Markerpolder also historically belong to the area of Wormer. Wormer, together with Engewormer (Wormer c.
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The 7,000 people in the Wieringermeer and an estimated 1,000 to 2,000 refugees had to leave the polder. Within 48 hours, the entire polder was full with water, with an average depth of The initial breaches were small, about 20 m wide and only 1 m below water level. These increased over the following hours until two huge pits were scoured out, the northern one wide and deep and the southern hole wide and deep. No one was killed as the polder slowly submerged again (the inhabitants had been warned), but the high water and a subsequent storm destroyed most of the infrastructure built in the previous decade.
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He oversaw the implementation of the Mahaica Mahaicony Abary (MMA) Scheme, Boersarie Scheme, Tapacuma Scheme and the Black Bush Polder – all major drainage and irrigation schemes.
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As of 1 January 2005. According to Van der Aa, the hamlet was formerly known as "Mijndenveld", referring to the nearby polder and hamlet of Mijnden.
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Van den Polder played for Excelsior between 1954 and 1964. He was one of the club's first professionals, and made a total of 199 appearances for them.
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The first mill on this site was built in 1818. It burnt down in 1902. Meerswal was built in 1903. It drained the Rûgelollum polder, which covers .
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Between 1954 and 1965, part of the Segbroek polder was set up as a camping site. The polder quickly grew into one of the largest campsites in Europe, which attracted large groups (especially young people) to Kijkduin. From the seventies the recreation development took a big flight. In the beach area behind the dunes, the municipality places the pueblo gardens with recreational facilities and sports fields in between.
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Around the year 1000 AD, this area was land. However, several storms after 1100 flooded the land, turning it into a flood plain. Wieringmeer means "Wieringen Lake", the name of an inland lake that filled the area in the early medieval period. The Wieringmeerpolder is a polder, newly created land, and part of the Zuiderzee Works developed in the 20th century. The creation of this polder started in 1927.
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The Zauro polder project, a major irrigation scheme, has been planned for many years. It would irrigate of farmland in the Rima floodplain between Argungu and Birnin Kebbi.
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In 1925, he agreed to build a polder in Yatsushiro at the request of the governor of Kumamoto Prefecture. The following year, it was completed and named Showa Village.
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The municipality of Schermer consisted of the following cities, towns, villages and/or districts: Driehuizen, Grootschermer, Oterleek, Schermerhorn, Stompetoren, Zuidschermer. The latter two are located in the Schermer polder.
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The screw is diameter . It is inclined at 16.7°. Each revolution of the screw lifts of water. The Archimedes' screw that pumped water into the polder has been removed.
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Knokke-Heist is located along the North Sea in a polder area on the Belgian border with the Netherlands. It is Belgium’s best-known and most affluent seaside resort.
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During the French Napoleonic occupation, Andijk became an independent municipality on 1 January 1812 by imperial decree of 21 October 1811 . Andijk has fertile clay soil used for with agriculture and vegetable horticulture. Andijk is also an important supplier of drinking water for the region. A test polder, which was built in the Zuiderzee in 1926–1927 as a test run for the construction of the Wieringermeer polder, is located at Andijk.
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Beemster is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The Beemster is the first so-called polder in the Netherlands that was reclaimed from a lake, the water being extracted from the lake by windmills. The Beemster Polder was dried during the period 1609 through 1612. It has preserved intact its well-ordered landscape of fields, roads, canals, dykes and settlements, laid out in accordance with classical and Renaissance planning principles.
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In 1610, this was almost complete, but the lake re-filled because of a break in the Zuiderzee dikes. It was decided to make the ring-dike a meter high above the surrounding country. In 1612 the polder was dry and the country was divided among the investors. In the earlier days of the polder, farmers occupied its lands for growing the crops necessary for long sea journeys by the VOC to the East Indies.
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However, the Groenendijk began to collapse under the pressure around 5:30 am on 1 February. Seawater flooded into the deep polder. In desperation, the mayor of Nieuwerkerk commandeered the river ship de Twee Gebroeders (The Two Brothers) and ordered the owner to plug the hole in the dyke by navigating the ship into it. Fearing that the ship might break through into the polder, Captain Arie Evegroen took a row boat with him.
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He became famous for his landscape paintings, namely scenes from the polder landscape with windmills and the rural idyll. He brought him up to new issues such as the water lily landscapes in the polder areaAt that time the water lily was an important theme in landscape painting, which was gladly taken up by many artists. These also include Constant Artz, Harold Gilmer, Claude Monet, Willem Roelofs, Gertrud Staats and Jan Hillebrand Wijsmuller.
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Its attraction to water birds has been enhanced by further land management measures undertaken since the polder was designated a wild life reserve in 2006. The entire area is regulated by a so-called "semi-natural water level management" system ("semi-natuurlijk peilbeheer"). For the purposes of these measures the polder was divided into three zones. Sophiapolder West (Phase 1) was completed in 2006 and Sophiapolder-Middle (Phase 2) was completed in 2008.
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Tessa Polder (born 10 October 1997) is a Dutch volleyball player for Ladies in Black Aachen and the Dutch national team. She participated at the 2017 Women's European Volleyball Championship.
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Mariapolder Gemeenten en plaatsen in de Hoeksche Waard is a polder and hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland located near Strijensas and is part of the municipality Strijen.
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Integrated Management of Coastal Zones. Fao Corporate Document Repository, USA. In the UK, sea wall also refers to an earthen bank used to create a polder, or a dike construction.
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De Groene Molen was built c1800. It drained the Bleeker polder. In 1937, a Lister diesel engine was installed. On 18 December 1956, the mill was bought by the Gemeente Haskerland.
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The wider statistical district of Zuidland, which also covers the "Polder Zuidland", has a population of around 5130. Zuidland was a separate municipality until 1980, when it became part of Bernisse.
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Wieringermeer () is a former municipality and a polder in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Since 2012 Wieringermeer has been a part of the new municipality of Hollands Kroon.
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De Deels was built in 1859 to drain the Haskerveenpolder. It is one of two mills built that year to drain the polder. A third was erected later. Construction cost ƒ11,382.06.
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Wim Kok, a former Prime Minister of Netherlands, supported the polder model. The Dutch polder model is characterised by the tri-partite cooperation between employers' organisations such as VNO-NCW, labour unions such as the Federation Dutch Labour Movement, and the government. These talks are embodied in the Social-Economic Council (, SER). The SER serves as the central forum to discuss labour issues and has a long tradition of consensus, often defusing labour conflicts and avoiding strikes.
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The low-lying land that forms the polder of the Traeth Mawr Traeth Mawr (Welsh for "big sands") is a polder near Porthmadog in Gwynedd in Wales. The area was formerly the large tidal estuary of the Afon Glaslyn. It was created after large-scale land reclamation occurred in the late 18th century and the early 19th century. A large embankment, called the Cob, separates the area from the sea and carries a road and railway line.
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Official documents of the time also mention Laechwater and Laachwater. Leeghwater, as a hydraulic engineer, was pivotal to land reclamation programs along the flooded coast of the Netherlands.Leeghwater, Jan Adriaansz article, Encyclopedia of Earth, retrieved 2008-03-10 He was involved in the reclamation of the Beemster polder, the first polder in the world created from a lake by draining the water using wind mills. The reclamation of the Beemster was started in 1607 and Leeghwater supervised the milling.
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As of 1 January 2005. The village consists of a long row of houses on two sides of a small canal that separates the Polder Boeicop to the north from the Polder Heicop to the south. Hei- en Boeicop was an independent municipality in the province of South Holland between 1817 and 1986, when it became part of Zederik. When Zederik merged into the new municipality Vijfheerenlanden in 2019, it became a part of the province of Utrecht.
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After a long and desperate struggle with heavy losses on both sides the Porepsic was at last carried and held by the Spanish. However, the assault on the Polder bulwark was repelled and further attempts to take the position were called off. On 2 June the mine which he had been constructed beneath the Polder bulwark was sprung. A breach forty feet wide was made and the Spanish launched another assault and leaped into the crater.
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Van den Polder retired from football at the age of 29 to become a journalist, and wrote for a number of papers including Rotterdamse Parool, Vrije Volk, Rotterdams Dagblad and Radio Rijnmond.
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Many sailors from nearby shipwrecks were buried here. The village of De Cocksdorp (named after Nicolaas de Cock) and the hamlets Midden-Eierland and Zuid-Eierland are located in the Eierlandse Polder.
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The name 'Blankenburg' also lives on in the name of a still existing football club. The name of the Blankenburg Tunnel connection which is currently under construction refers to the former polder.
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Karolinenkoog is a municipality in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig- Holstein, Germany. In 1800 the municipality was named after the polder (), which was named in honour of Princess Caroline of Denmark.
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The Zauro polder project, an irrigation scheme in the Rima River floodplain to the south of Argungu, has been criticized because the reservoir threatens to flood the traditional site of the festival.
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North of Baaiduinen is a polder landscape named het Hoge Land ("the highlands"). Tourism has replaced dairy farming as the main source of income and most farms have been rebuilt to accommodate tourists.
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In 1566 new dams and dikes were built, making a new polder, the Gotteskoog, reconnecting Klanxbüll and the area around to the mainland; part of this separating sea remains as the Gotteskoogsee lake.
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Kronprinzenkoog is a municipality in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Between 1785 and 1787 the polder () was laid out and then named in honour of Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark.
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Nordstrand is accessible by road over a causeway which connects to the mainland and was built in 1936. In 1987, the polder Beltringharder Koog was completed, turning the former island into a peninsula.
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The mill is winded by a winch. The four Common sails had a span of . They are carried in a wooden windshaft. The mill drives an Archimedes' screw to drain the adjacent polder.
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No one was killed as the polder slowly submerged again (the inhabitants had been warned), but the high water and a subsequent storm destroyed most of the infrastructure built in the previous decade. The floodwater was fresh water, so the land did not have to be desalinated again. Reconstruction followed quickly; by the end of 1945, the polder was declared drained again. Rebuilding of roads and bridges, houses and farms, was greatly facilitated by the experience of building them the first time.
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This usually means that the polder has an excess of water, which is pumped out or drained by opening sluices at low tide. Care must be taken not to set the internal water level too low. Polder land made up of peat (former marshland) will sink in relation to its previous level, because of peat decomposing when exposed to oxygen from the air. Polders are at risk from flooding at all times, and care must be taken to protect the surrounding dikes.
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View on the St. Jan from Bossche Broek On the south side of the city, the city center and walls still border the Bossche Broek, an old polder that could never be made dry. In 1995 the dyke of the Dommel broke and an enormous amount of water entered the polder. It also flooded and blocked the main Dutch highway A2. In order to prevent this in the future, the area was rearranged to store excess water in case of emergencies.
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The Anna Paulownapolder () is a polder in the municipality of Hollands Kroon in the province of North Holland in the Netherlands. The area of the polder is 50 square kilometres and it forms an important horticulture area, with among other things flower bulb cultivation. The Anna Paulownapolder was from the 7th century to the 12th centuries, the habitat of both the Frisian and Gelderlandish emigrants. The latter lived in the area where now the places Westeinde and Gelderse Buurt are.
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To the north of the village between the mouths of the Banwell and Yeo is an area of reclaimed land known as Wick Warth. This land is a form of polder and lies between the current sea-wall and an older parallel high grass bank which runs for between the estuaries. A similar area of reclaimed land continues on the northern bank of the Yeo the neighbouring parish of Kingston Seymour. "Warth" is the local name given to such reclaimed polder land.
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Satellite image of Noordoostpolder, the Netherlands (595.41 km²) A polder () is a low-lying tract of land that forms an artificial hydrological entity, enclosed by embankments known as dikes. The three types of polder are: # Land reclaimed from a body of water, such as a lake or the seabed # Flood plains separated from the sea or river by a dike # Marshes separated from the surrounding water by a dike and subsequently drained; these are also known as koogs, especially in Germany The ground level in drained marshes subsides over time. All polders will eventually be below the surrounding water level some or all of the time. Water enters the low-lying polder through infiltration and water pressure of groundwater, or rainfall, or transport of water by rivers and canals.
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The relatively remote district began to appeal to tourists in the 1980s. Some were attracted by its unspoiled polder landscapes and antique windmills, others by opportunities for cycling and canoeing, and for bird-watching.
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This co-op was formed in 1901 to create cheese made from milk that comes from the Beemster polder. Today Beemster Cheesewww.beemstercheese.us is sold in Europe, as well as the U.S., Canada, Japan, and China.
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The wider statistical district of Geervliet, which covers the entire "Polder Geervliet" has a population of around 2290.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Gemeente Op Maat 2004: Bernisse . This includes the 290 inhabitants of the village Simonshaven.
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Nordermeldorf lies within a marsh and borders upon a polder stretching to the North Sea and passes by the Nationalpark Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer. The borough lies directly on the cross road between Meldorf and Wöhrden.
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The original 1891 plan called for the largest, southeastern polder to be built after the Wieringermeer, but it was decided in 1932 to give precedence to the northeastern one, which was smaller and therefore considered easier. This would be the Noordoostpolder (Northeast- polder). Due to initial financial difficulties, construction did not begin until 1936. Two dikes, totaling 55 km in length, steadily grew in the IJsselmeer, one from Lemmer in Friesland to the island of Urk, the other from Vollenhove in Overijssel to Urk.
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The Upper Pitt, meaning the valley upstream from the lake, is considered one of BC's best fly-fishing rivers and one of its best steelhead streams. The lake is popular with boaters and canoeists, but is prone to heavy winds and rains as well as big waves (due to its great depth). There is a destination golfing resort in the Pitt Polder area called Swan-e-set. Also at the south end of Pitt Lake, adjacent to the Polder, is Pitt Lake Indian Reserve 5.
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The current polder model is said to have begun with the Wassenaar Accords of 1982 when unions, employers and government decided on a comprehensive plan to revitalize the economy involving shorter working times and less pay on the one hand, and more employment on the other. The polder model is widely, but not universally, regarded as successful incomes management policy. This model is also used in Belgium, hence its name (the "polders" are a region comprising the Netherlands and the northern part of Belgium).
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Then heading down in the southwest direction around De Nes the dyke passed farms Middema, Aggema, where the Penjumerfeart flowed into the Marne, then on past De Kampen. 600 meters further on at Kathuzum (Koudehuizum) the head of the Marne was closed off at a sluice gate. Then on the south east side of the Marne, the dyke, part of the Witmarsum-Hartwerd Polder, headed northeast past Gerns, and at Witmarsum, and Aldrij a slice gate drained the polder. This side was 3 km long.
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Abercromby took advantage from these natural properties of the terrain, by erecting artillery positions and earthworks at strategic points.Campaign, p. 20 His dispositions were anchored on the right on the subsidiary dike which runs parallel with the sea dike at Petten. Then they ran east along the dike of the Zijpe polder, with reinforcements at the villages of Krabbendam, Eenigenburg, and Sint Maarten, and finally at the Oude Sluys on the coast of (then) the Zuyder Zee (the Wieringermeer polder did not yet exist in those days).
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Crucially, even when different cities in the same polder were at war, they still had to cooperate in this respect. This is thought to have taught the Dutch to set aside differences for a greater purpose.
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The main function was agriculture. The Commissaris Weytinghweg was built in 1906, and connects the polder with Paramaribo. Initially the area was mainly used for rice cultivation, but has become home to companies and suburban housing.
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Originally an area of swampland, the polder was developed from the eleventh century CE. Many canals were dug in order to drain the land, dividing the land into equally sized plots which still define the landscape.
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Nij Beets was situated in a polder landscape. The Polderhoofdcanal runs through Nij Beets. As of 2011 it was made navigable. It runs from De Veenhoop off by Nij Beets to the Nije feart by De Uilesprong.
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Flooding of the Wieringermeer following damage to the dykes during World War II In the closing days of World War II, the Nazis detonated explosives severely damaging the Wieringermeer dike. No casualties were incurred but the polder sank, and the high water and a subsequent storm destroyed most of the infrastructure built in the previous decade. Reconstruction followed quickly and by the end of 1945 the polder was declared drained again and rebuilding the roads, bridges, houses and farms was greatly facilitated by the experience of building them the first time.
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Southern Flevoland (Zuidelijk Flevoland) was the fourth polder of the Zuiderzee Works, built adjacent to its larger sibling, Eastern Flevoland. Since its northeastern dike, the aforementioned Knardijk, already existed, only 70 km of the dike remained to be built. Starting in early 1959, this was finished in October 1967. Only one pumping station ('gemaal'), the diesel powered De Blocq van Kuffeler, needed to be built because of the hydrological union of the two Flevolands; once the polder was finished it would simply join the previous three in maintaining the water-level of both polders.
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After only a couple of years this landscape of shallow pools, islets and swamps became a popular resting and foraging area for many species of waterfowl, to the extent that it rapidly turned into a nature reserve of national significance. Although accidental in origin, the Oostvaardersplassen as they are known became by the 1970s the definitive destination for this section of the polder. The centre of the polder most closely resembles the pre-war polders in that it is almost exclusively agricultural. In contrast, the south-eastern part is dominated by extensive forests.
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The area has been settled since before Roman times and was concentrated around a body of water called the "Helle", which was later Latinized by the Romans to "Helinium" and "Helius". The name Hel(le) Voet, Helius' foot or "(land at) the lowest point of Helius", appears in documents from the 13th century and later, such as in 1395, when the Nieuw-Helvoet Polder is issued for inspection. This polder had a drainage sluice (Dutch: "sluis") in the southern dike: the Hellevoetse sluis. The history of Hellevoetsluis has always been connected with water.
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The Jiangnan region, at the Yangtze River Delta, has a long history of constructing polders. Most of these projects were performed between the 10th and 13th centuries. The Chinese government also assisted local communities in constructing dikes for swampland water drainage. The Lijia (里甲) self-monitoring system of 110 households under a lizhang (里长) headman was used for the purposes of service administration and tax collection in the polder, with a liangzhang (粮长, grain chief) responsible for maintaining the water system and a tangzhang (塘长, dike chief）for polder maintenance.
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About half the total surface area of polders in north-west Europe is in the Netherlands. The first embankments in Europe were constructed in Roman times. The first polders were constructed in the 11th century. As a result of flooding disasters, water boards called waterschap (when situated more inland) or hoogheemraadschap (near the sea, mainly used in the Holland region) were set up to maintain the integrity of the water defences around polders, maintain the waterways inside a polder, and control the various water levels inside and outside the polder.
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The besieged then launched a counterattack and after an hour of desperate fighting the Spanish were repulsed with heavy loss; Uytenhoove however was severely wounded in the melee. With the repulse in the West Bulwark the Spanish had launched another attack on the Polder. Here too was savage hand-to-hand combat with pikes and clubs pulled from the fascines but the besiegers finally overwhelmed the Polder bulwark, whilst the besieged withdrew to their inner entrenchments. Losses to both sides were high with 1,200 men in total lost in the struggle.
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De Boezemvriend was built in 1871 by millwright P Medendorp, of Zuidlaren, replacing an earlier mill. It drained the Zuidlaren Polder. The mill worked until 1934, when an electric motor was installed. The mill was derelict in 1960.
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Noordoostpolder (, ) is a polder and municipality in the Flevoland province in the central Netherlands. Formerly, it was also called Urker Land. Emmeloord is the administrative center, located in the heart of the Noordoostpolder. For history, see Zuiderzee Works.
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Buildings were not generally badly damaged by the flooding, but by the storms later. As civilians left the flooding polder through the military checkpoints, the Resistance member , of Wieringermeer, was captured and then shot whilst trying to escape.
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He was also promoted to Oberleutnant posthumously. His body was not recovered until 23 October 1967, found in his aircraft excavated from a Dutch polder near Kamperzeedijk. He was then interred at the Ysselsteyn German war cemetery, Netherlands.
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As a result, Singapore's land area has grown from 581.5 km² in the 1960s to 724.2 km² today, and will increase slightly more due to construction of sea polder and barrage to deal with the ever raising sea level.
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Stroop compares the role of Polder Dutch with the urban variety of British English pronunciation called Estuary English. Among Belgian and Surinamese Dutch-speakers and speakers from other regions in the Netherlands, that vowel shift is not taking place.
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Die Rezeption der Alten Musik in München zwischen ca. 1880 und 1930 LMU- Publikationen: Geschichts- und Kunstwissenschaften Nr. 27, 2007. pp. 19-20Frans Jansen. Passie in de polder: Het begin van de Nederlandse Bach- traditie in de negentiende eeuw.
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The area called Hembrug was formerly a hem, that is, a headland later diked in to become part of a polder. Originally called De Hem, it later became named after the bridge across the North Sea Canal; see below.
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Dutch Topographic map of Medemblik, June 2015 Medemblik () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland and the region of West-Frisia. It lies immediately south of the polder and former municipality of Wieringermeer.
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Mellemolen, formerly known as the Polslootpoldermolen (English: Polsloot Polder Mill) or Spookmolen (English: Ghost Mill) is a hollow post mill in Akkrum, Friesland, Netherlands which has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 35937.
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He made his literary debut as a poet with neoromantic poems in Polder- en andere gedichten (1975). His maternal great-grandmother was of jiddisch Polish-Jewish ancestry, and the chasidic and Eastern European literature play an important role in his work.
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Windmills at Kinderdijk in the northwest of the Alblasserwaard The Alblasserwaard () is a polder in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is mainly known for the windmills of Kinderdijk, located near the village of Kinderdijk in the polder's northwestern part.
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The highest point in Overijssel is the summit of the Tankenberg, a hill in the municipality of Losser, at 85 metres (278 ft). The lowest point is in the Mastenbroek Polder near Kampen at 2 metres (6 ft) below sea level.
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N83 Almere - Zeewolde - Dronten N84 Hoorn - Enkhuizen - Lelystad - Harderwijk N85 Purmerend - Almere (planned route into the discontinued Markerwaard polder) The numbers 86, 87 and 88 are vacant, while 89 to 100 were used for the National N-Road route numbers.
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Jansen, A., Lyche, J. L., Polder, A., Aaseth, J., & Skaug, M. A. (2017). Increased blood levels of persistent organic pollutants (POP) in obese individuals after weight loss—A review. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 20(1), 22-37.
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On the night of the battle Daendels fell back on the nearby Zijpe polder where he occupied a defensive line. In the next few days he withdrew even further south, as he feared another amphibious landing near Petten in his rear, that would have placed him between two British forces. Such a landing would have exposed Alkmaar and points South to an easy British advance, too. At first he seems to have considered retreating all the way to the line Purmerend-Monnikendam, but in the event he took up a defensive position in the Schermer polder near Alkmaar.
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The first plans for railway lines through the Haarlemmermeer polder were presented in 1864 by mayor Amersfoort, twelve years after the dredging of the lake and creation of the polder. However none of the plans was executed. In 1898 the HESM (Hollandsche Electrische-Spoorweg- Maatschappij, "Holland Electric Railway Company") was established with the goal of building electric railways in the region between the area south of Amsterdam, and Haarlem. After the HSM bought up the shares, the plans were changed and this led, in the end, to the establishment of a local network of steam railways.
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The windmills at Kinderdijk are a group of 19 monumental windmills in the Alblasserwaard polder, in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. Most of the mills are part of the village of Kinderdijk in the municipality of Molenwaard, and one mill, De Blokker, is part of the municipality of Alblasserdam. Built in 1738 and 1740, to keep water out of the polder, it is the largest concentration of old windmills in the Netherlands and one of the best-known Dutch tourist sites. The mills are listed as national monuments and the entire area is a protected village view since 1993.
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De Vlijt is a restored windmill in the village. The mill was originally built in the 18th century as a polder mill in Oppenhuizen or Sneek. In 1986, the mill was moved to its current location and rebuilt into a corn rack mill.
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Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Bevolkingskernen in Nederland 2001 . Statistics are for the continuous built- up area. The wider statistical district of Abbenbroek, covering the town and the "Polder Abbenbroek", has a population of around 1350.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Gemeente Op Maat 2004: Bernisse .
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No less than five windmills can be seen in the polder landscape surrounding the village. Uitgeest was the birthplace (in 1550) of Cornelis Corneliszoon, inventor of the wind-powered sawmill. An industrial heritage park, centered on sawmill De Hoop,www.dehoopuitgeest.nl is under construction.
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In 1852, the large Haarlem Lake, bordering on Aalsmeer, was made into a polder. Then followed Schinkelpoel, Oosteinderpoel, and Legmeer. Peat was no longer dug up and the fishing business declined. Yet horticulture increased, especially strawberry cultivation, which peaked between 1850 and 1885.
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De Borgmolen was originally built in 1895 to drain the De Nije Borgkrite polder. It was worked until 1952 when a windmotor replaced it. In 1954, an electric motor took over. In 1955, the mill was advertised for sale to be demolished.
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The date that De Modderige Bol was built is unknown. The earliest record is its appearance on a map dated 1848. Until 1952, the mill drained the polder Adamse, which had an area of . The mill was restored in 1954 and 1969.
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Well at the reconstructed archeological site of Walraversijde ; ca. 1465 Reconstructed bakery and fish smokehouse; ca. 1465 The new Walraversijde was relocated on a polder protected by a new dyke. At least 100 houses were built, with widths between and lengths between .
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A mill was built on this site in 1832. The Ouddeelsmolen was built in 1900 by millwrights Sipke Jelles and Jelle Sipkes Lenstra of Wolvega, Friesland. It was built to drain the Ouddeel polder. It worked until 1963, latterly with Patent sails.
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Roxenisse is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It consisted of a single polder to the west of the village of Melissant. The municipality was formed in 1817 and only existed until 1857, when it became part of Melissant.
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Nieuw-Strijen is a polder and a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland, located on the island of Tholen. The small village "Nieuw-Strijen" is now called Strijenham. Nieuw-Strijen was a separate municipality until 1813, when it was merged with Poortvliet.
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Water tower Het Potlood (the Pencil) The most remarkable building in de Meije is the tall grey water tower, called Het Potlood (the Pencil). It rises high above the flat polder area and can be seen from many towns and villages in the area.
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The first mill on this site was built by millwright J T Kingma of Ternaard in 1845. It drained the Ferwerd polder. In August 1916, it was struck by lightning and burnt down. To replace it, the sawmill De Phenix was moved from Leeuwarden.
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It drained a polder. An electric motor was installed in the mid 1930s and the mill was demolished in 1937, the base surviving a few years longer. A mill of unknown type was built to the south of the Bonkevaart at sometime after 1850.
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't Zwaantje was capable of draining or pumping water into the polder. The mill was restored in 1987. 't Zwaantje was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole on 1 January 1996, the 47th mill acquired by that organisation. A further restoration took place in 2007.
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Carel Pietersz. Fabritius was born in February 1622 in Middenbeemster, a village in the ten-year-old Beemster polder in the Dutch Republic, and was baptized on 27 February of that year. Carel Fabritius, Netherlands Institute for Art History. Retrieved on 21 August 2014.
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Alde Swarte Molen probably dates from the 17th century. It was built to drain the Frankena Polder. Alde Swarte Molen worked until 1961 when the mill lost a sail in a storm. After this an electric motor took over the work of the mill.
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Laak . Denhaag.nl. The Hague University of Applied Sciences can be found in Laak. The municipality of The Hague bought the area from the municipality of Rijswijk in 1844. The Amsterdam–Haarlem–Rotterdam railway was constructed in this polder, together with the railway station Hollands Spoor.
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The Singaporean government refuses to disclose where the sand it receives is imported from. The Ministry of National Development has said that the government buys sand from "a diverse range of approved sources", but maintains that further details are not public information. Starting in November 2016, Singapore has started to use a different land reclamation method, the polder development method, which should lessen its reliance on sand for land reclamation. Used by the Netherlands for many years, this method involves building a wall to keep out seawater from a low-lying tract of land, known as a polder, while drains and/or pumps control water levels.
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The Stelling van Amsterdam has never seen combat service and the use of aircraft rendered it obsolete after World War I. It was, however, maintained and kept in service until it was decommissioned in 1963. The dike through the Haarlemmermeer, which made it possible to flood the southern portion of the polder while the northern portion could continue to produce food for Amsterdam, is now cut by the A4 motorway. The motorway also goes under the Ringvaart at Roelofarendsveen, which makes the flooding of the Haarlemmermeer Polder and thus the future use of the Stelling no longer possible. In 1996, the complete Stelling was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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The necessary cooperation among all ranks to maintain polder integrity gave its name to the Dutch version of third-way politics—the Polder Model. The 1953 flood disaster prompted a new approach to the design of dikes and other water-retaining structures, based on an acceptable probability of overflowing. Risk is defined as the product of probability and consequences. The potential damage in lives, property, and rebuilding costs is compared with the potential cost of water defences. From these calculations follows an acceptable flood risk from the sea at one in 4,000–10,000 years, while it is one in 100–2,500 years for a river flood.
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The flat, swampy polder country made the Breskens Pocket into an "island", as much of the ground was impassable with only a few "land bridges" connecting the area to the mainland. The Wehrmacht had blown up dykes to flood much of the ground so that the Canadians could only advance along the raised country roads. Eberding reported that the polder country was "a maze of ditches, canalized rivers and commercial canals, often above the level of the surrounding countryside...which made military maneuver almost impossible except on the narrow roads built on top of the dykes. Each of these roadways were carefully registered for both artillery and mortar fire".
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In March 2015, Pendleton announced her intention to become a jockey with the aim of competing at the Foxhunter Chase at the 2016 Cheltenham Festival, with guidance from horse trainer Paul Nicholls. She made her competitive debut in August 2015, finishing second in the Betfair Novice Flat Amateur Riders' Handicap at Ripon riding Royal Etiquette. She won her first race on 2 March 2016, guiding 5–4 favourite Pacha Du Polder to victory at Wincanton. On 18 March 2016, Pendleton, again riding Pacha Du Polder, achieved her ambition of participating in the 2016 Foxhunter Chase, at Cheltenham, outperforming many pundits' expectations by finishing fifth.
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Map of the current Zijpe-polder area Brune's plan of battle was simple: he would have the Batavian divisions attack the villages of Eenigenburg and Krabbendam, as these commanded two roads that led into the Zijpe polder and hence two of the few points of ingress. The main role would be performed by the French division of Vandamme, who would attempt to turn Abercromby's right flank by advancing along the subsidiary dike near Petten. The plan can therefore be characterised as an attempt at "single envelopment."Campaign, p. 22 Because of the haste to get the attack underway, the preparations were apparently sloppy on the part of Brune's staff.
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Wieringerwerf is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Hollands Kroon, and lies about southeast of Den Helder. With about 6000 inhabitants, Wieringerwerf is the largest town of the municipality. It is situated in a polder.
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In the mid-nineteenth century a polder completed the northern half of the island. Today, Texel forms the largest natural barrier between the North Sea and the Wadden Sea. The dune landscape along the western coast of the island is protected as Dunes of Texel National Park.
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In 1539 embankment of the polder Het Westmaas Nieuwland was started. The lords reserved a part of the nieuw land for the new to found village Claeswaal. The first buildings were built along the Voorstraat. At the end of this street, a church was built in 1566.
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A mill stood on this site in 1830. De Hogebeintumermolen was built in 1860. It drained part of the De Mear polder. On 8 May 1969, the local water board put forward a plan to mechanise the mill because nobody could be found to work it.
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Notable modern examples of artificial lake islands include the Dutch polder of Flevopolder in Flevoland, the island of IJburg in Amsterdam, and Flamingo Island in Kamfers Dam, South Africa. At , Flevopolder, in the now-freshwater lake IJsselmeer, is the largest man-made island in the world.
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Almere Parkwijk is a railway station which lies in Almere, in the Netherlands. It is located approximately 24 km east of Amsterdam. It is on the Weesp–Lelystad railway. The station is on the newest polder in the Netherlands, the Flevopolder which is in the Flevoland province.
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Zuid Haffel (South Haffel) is a polder and village in the northwest of the Netherlands. It is located on the island of Texel, North Holland. Texel is also the municipality of the place. Zuid Haffel is one of the oldest polders on the island of Texel.
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On this day, Hamburger Hallig was declared a nature reserve to protect the local populations of pied avocets. Today, Hamburger Hallig, together with the floodplains and salt marshes off the Sönke-Nissen-Koog polder, encompasses an area of roughly and is maintained by Naturschutzbund Deutschland (NABU).
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Before it could do that however the newest gemaal had to first drain the 430 km² polder of its water all by itself, completing its job in May 1968. Due to the geographically favourable location of the southern polder to the heavily urbanised centre of the Netherlands and in particular Amsterdam, the planners devised a design that would include a large new urban area, to be called Almere, in order to relieve the housing shortage and increasing overcrowding on the old land. Almere was to be divided into 3 major settlements, initially; the first, Almere-Haven (1976), situated along the Gooimeer (one of the peripheral lakes), the second and largest, Almere-Stad (Almere City) (1980), which was to fulfil the role of city centre, and the third, Almere-Buiten (1984), to the northeast towards Lelystad. The area between Lelystad and Almere was designated for heavy industries, but since enough space was still available on the old land for those industries this part of the polder was left alone for the mean time.
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Ellingsen has two doctoral degrees. The first from 2009 is Nuclear Terrorism and Rational Choice from King's College London. The second from 2011 is Dispersion forces in Micromechanics: Casimir and Casimir-Polder forces affected by geometry and non-zero temperature from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
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There is evidence from publications that these frogs may have been maintained by private individuals in mainland Europe considerably earlier than this, even starting in 1932.Polder, W.N. 1974. Pflege und Fortpflanzung von Dendrobates azureus an anderer Dendrobatiden II. Aquarien Terrarien Z. 27, 28-32.Ensinck, F. H. 1980.
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Nes aan de Amstel () is a town in the municipality of Amstelveen in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. The village's name indicates that it is located on the Amstel; it is situated on the edge of the Rond Hoep polder. In 2008, it had a population of 480.
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In 1928 he moved his farm in Kuroishibaru to the polder area of Yatsushiro. He was dispatched to Manchuria in 1932 to investigate its farming. In 1938, a new village was opened in Manchuria. In 1944, he was given the Blue Ribbon Medal for his devotion to agriculture.
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De Edensermolen was built in 1847 to drain the Breeuwsma Polder. It was restored in 1958. A new pair of sails were required to replace those damaged in a storm. A secondhand pair were fitted, bringing the cost of the restoration down from an anticipated ƒ765 to ƒ485.
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On this new land are, besides some farms, eight sawmills. These helped a lot with the blooming trade. People called the 'Middelburgse polder' usually 'Nieuw land' (New Land). Multiple polders followed: in 1661 the 'Nieuwerkerkepolder' (Newchurchpolder), in 1671 the 'Nieuw-Sint Jooslandpolder' and in 1672 the 'Molenpolder' (Millpolder).
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Sint Joosland is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It existed until 1816, when it was merged with Nieuwland to form the new municipality of Nieuw- en Sint Joosland. The municipality consisted of a single polder southeast of the current village of Nieuw- en Sint Joosland.
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There are two windmills in the village area: the grist mill De Goede Hoop (somewhat hidden within the village), and the post mill Oostmolen outside the core village of Mijnsheerenland. The latter is a drainage mill, and was used until 1948 for draining water from the Moerkerken polder.
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Sportvereniging Poortugaal is a Dutch association football club from Poortugaal. It was formed in 2018 as a merger of PSV Poortugaal and VV Oude Maas. Its first squad started in the Eerste Klasse and promoted to the Hoofdklasse in 2020. The club's home ground is Sportpark Polder Albrandswaard.
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1837 map of the Krimpenerwaard Vlist polder. The Vlist River is in the distance near the houses. Krimpenerwaard is a municipality of the Netherlands. It is a rural area located in the east of the province of South Holland, just south of Gouda and east of the Rotterdam conurbation.
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Melsele is one of the oldest settlements of Waasland. Ceramics and coins have been found from the Roman period. The parish had been established before the year 1000. In 1375, dikes were constructed to protect the polder, however during the 14th and 15th century there were several floodings.
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The first mill on this site was a smock mill which was built in 1827. The mill was known as the Molen van de Tjaard. It drained the Aylvapolder, which was the first polder established in Friesland in 1680. On 9 November 1959 the mill was burnt down.
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The village of Bommenede was listed in 1153 as property of the Cistercian monastery of Ter Duinen in Flanders. The village survived two floods in 1530 and 1532 and a fire in 1540. In 1570, Bommenede and the neighbouring polder "Kijkuit" were flooded during the All Saints' Flood.
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The Zuidplaspolder in Moordrecht 1850 map of the Zuidplaspolder The Zuidplaspolder is a polder in the western Netherlands, located northeast of Rotterdam. It reaches a depth of below average sea level. This makes it, along with Lammefjord in Denmark, the lowest point of Western Europe and the European Union.
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De Babuurstermolen was built in 1882 by millwright Gerben van Wierum of Janum, Friesland at a cost of ƒ7,850 or ƒ8,750. It drained the Exmoarsterheim polder. The mill was set to work for the first time on 30 November 1882. Another mill was built nearby at the same time.
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Friedrich-Wilhelm-Lübke-Koog is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The municipality is located in and named after the polder (), which was finished in 1954 and named in honour of Schleswig-Holstein's Minister-President Friedrich-Wilhelm Lübke , who had died the same year.
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Large parts of Prins Alexander lie in the Prins Alexanderpolder. This polder was reclaimed from peat fen near the river Rotte, north east of the city. In total 14 peat fens were laid dry. The fens were drained between 1865 and 1874, resulting in 2,660 acres of farmland.
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In 1841, a spinnenkopmolen stood on this site. De Hatsumermolen was built in 1878 by millwright N J Osinga. (Click on "Geschiedenis" to view.) It drained the Sikma Polder, which formed part of the Hommema State farmstead. Restoration work on the mill began in 1987 and was completed 1990.
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Instead of granting the new land only to farmers selected for their skill, the government granted land to a large number of farmers from the flooded province of Zeeland. The polder contains two former islands: the glacial moraine hill of Urk, and the elongated strip of peat land known as Schokland, largely abandoned in the 19th century. Urk was then and is still today a fishing community and it served as a natural construction-island for both dikes as well as a base of operations for the later exploitation of the polder. Both ceased to be islands: Urk on October 3, 1939, when the dike reaching from Lemmer was closed and Schokland when the surrounding water was consequently drained.
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At the end of the 1980s, Prince Rainier III decided to stop building high rises in Monaco, following the construction of some controversial architectural choices. In 2008 his son, Prince Albert II, decided to abandon a polder project (judged as too expensive and too dangerous for surrounding sealife) and build a new high-rise and reformed polder project instead. Both the complex's design and construction was subject to validation by the Urbanism Department of the Principality, and the Prince of Monaco himself.Monaco.maville.com Monaco - Grands travaux : le Monaco du futur est sur les rails, The construction of the main high-rise was finally voted by the Monegasque Parliament, the National Council, on February 12, 2009.
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Similar models are in use in Finland, namely Comprehensive Income Policy Agreement and universal validity of collective labour agreements. The current Dutch polder model is said to have begun with the Wassenaar Agreement of 1982, when unions, employers, and government decided on a comprehensive plan to revitalise the economy involving shorter working times and less pay on the one hand, and more employment on the other. This polder model, combined with a neoliberal economic policy of privatisation and budget cuts has been held to be responsible for the Dutch economic miracle of the late 1990s.Elke van Riel, "Akkoord van Wassenaar keerpunt in relatie regering en sociale partners", SER Magazine, 2010 (versie 9) (archived 15 April 2015).
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The term polder model and especially the verb polderen (to polder) has been used pejoratively by some politicians to describe the slow decision-making process where all parties have to be heard. The model flourished under the "Purple" governments of Dutch prime minister Wim Kok, a coalition including the traditional rivals the Labour Party (a social-democratic party, whose colour is red) and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (right-wing liberals, whose colour is blue). In the declining economic climate of the early 21st century the model came under fierce attack particularly from right- wing politicians and Pim Fortuyn in his book entitled De puinhopen van acht jaar Paars ("The wreckage of eight years Purple").
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POLDER utilizes a push broom scanner. The device's optical system uses a telecentric lens and a charged coupled device matrix with a resolution of 242x548 pixels. The focal length is with a focal ratio of 4.6. The field of view ranges from ±43° to ±57°, depending on the tracking method.
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Oude en Nieuwe Struiten is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It consisted of a small polder east of Hellevoetsluis, and is now covered by the suburbs Wittenshoeck and De Struyten of that city. The municipality existed between 1817 and 1855, when it merged with Nieuw-Helvoet.
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Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Zeewolde, Sept. 2014. Zeewolde () is a municipality and a town in the Flevoland province in the central Netherlands. It has a population of approximately 22,000 (2017). It is situated in the polder of Flevoland with the small lake called the Wolderwijd to the east.
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Water in the polder will be managed independently. Historically, this technique was not applied to the Noordoostpolder or the Wieringermeer. For the Noordoostpolder, the plan was abandoned because it was too expensive. The Wieringerrandmeer project between the Wieringermeer and Wieringen is still under discussion with the province of North Holland.
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Zuidland was a polder with a number of villages: Simonskerke, Zuidkerke, Brieskerke, Sint Jacobskerke and the hamlet of 's Heer-Arentshaven. All of the villages were destroyed by floods in the 16th century. In the 19th century, the remaining part of Rengerskerke and Zuidland had a population of only 120.
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De Oegekloostermolen was first marked on a map dated 1830. It was built to drain the Hartwerd-West polder. (Click on "Geschiedenis" to view.) A restoration was carried out in 1970 by millwright Westra of Franeker. In 1981, the mill was sold by the Knol brothers to De Hollandsche Molen.
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Nieuweveen is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located northwest of Nootdorp. It included the Nieuweveenpolder and the Oost Negentig Morgen polder. The municipality contained one hamlet, also called Nieuweveen, located around the Veenweg road; the Roman Catholic Church of Nootdorp was located in Nieuwveen.
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Purmerbuurt is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland in the polder the Purmer. It is part of the municipality of Purmerend, and is directly connected to the city of Purmerend by an Intersection. The village has its own church, de Purmerkerk. Purmerbuurt is surrounded by the Purmerbos.
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The Poortugaalse Sport Vereniging Poortugaal was founded on 20 April 1927. It played at Sportpark Polder Albrandswaard. Dutch female soccer international and coach Hesterine de Reus played during her youth in PSV Portugaal. In 2016–17, its first squads played in the Sunday Eerste Klasse and in the Saturday Vierde Klasse.
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Tochmaland was built in to drain the Tochmaland polder. It was originally the sawmill Welgelegen, Veendam, Groningen. The mill was moved by millwright J B Donders of Tilburg, Noord- Brabant, who had quoted a lower price for the move than millwrights from Kollum.It was formerly fitted with four Patent sails.
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The date that Heechheim was built is unknown, but it is thought to date from the 18th century. The earliest date that the mill is known to have been standing is 1820. The mill was marked on a map of Smallingerland dated 1848. The mill drained the polder De Boer.
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Mannekensvere is a small rural village in Belgium, located in the Polder region. Mannekensvere is a part ("deelgemeente") of the seaside municipality of Middelkerke. The village is located along the Yser river. Mannekensvere was an independent municipality until 1971, when it became a part of the newly formed municipality Spermalie.
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Around the end of the 13th century, the area was surrounded by dykes. In 1350, Jan van Henegouwen gave his permission to create a dyke between Tjarkshorn and the Lyorts road. These names are of Frisian origin. The areas to be drained were already part of the polder Zuid Haffel.
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Wijdewormer is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is located in the municipality of Wormerland, about 5 km east of the town of Wormer, in the polder "De Wijde Wormer". Wijdewormer was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1991, when it became a part of Wormerland.
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Bryony Frost (born 13 April 1995) is an English jockey from Buckfastleigh, Devonshire. She is the daughter of retired jockey Jimmy Frost, winner of the 1989 Grand National. As an amateur jockey, Frost won the Foxhunter Chase at the 2017 Cheltenham Festival, riding Pacha Du Polder. She turned professional later that year.
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Haarlemmermeer () is a municipality in the west of the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Haarlemmermeer is a polder, consisting of land reclaimed from water. The name Haarlemmermeer means Haarlem's lake, referring to the body of water from which the region was reclaimed in the 19th century. Haarlemmermeer's main town is Hoofddorp.
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The first land reclaimed was the northeast polder (Noordoostpolder) in 1942. This took in the former small islands Urk and Schokland. It was at first added to the Province of Overijssel. In the southwest the Flevopolder - larger than the above - was then reclaimed; its southeast half in 1957 and other parts by 1968.
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The built-up area of the town was 0.36 km², and contained 1,064 residences.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Bevolkingskernen in Nederland 2001 . Statistics are for the continuous built-up area. The wider statistical district of Heenvliet, which covers that part of the "Polder Heenvliet" that is in Bernisse, has a population of around 2,700.
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Wieringen has been connected to the mainland since 1932. 24. This land is used, among other things, for housing and agriculture. In the mid-90s, Wieringen initiated a project to restore its insular character by creating a bordering lake between North Holland and the polder Wieringermeer. The authorities of North Holland agreed.
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It is in a polder which was created in 1968; by 1989, its ecological interest had resulted in its being declared a Ramsar wetland. It became part of Nieuw Land National Park when it was created in 2018. The governing body is the Province of Flevoland and the management lies with Staatsbosbeheer.
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He moved to Java in the Dutch East Indies, nowadays Indonesia, and started work on a tea plantation. He returned to the Netherlands in 1936, unhappy with the colonial system. He wanted to become a farmer and moved to the Wieringermeer, a polder, reclaimed in 1937. There he started his own farm.
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An area of around a windmill is maintained as a "free zone" so that the windmill can have enough wind. For polder windmills, ensuring that windmills have enough wind is the responsibility of the water board (waterschap or hoogheemraadschap). However, this seldom takes priority over the desire of municipalities to build new housing.
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Recently the Greenbelt family farmers market introduced by the Ontario government has helped some small family farms. At the nearby Muck Crops Research Station, located on the southernmost polder, various studies research the effects of altering specific agricultural practices. These typically focus on, and are intended for implementation, on Holland Marsh farms.
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Voetbalvereniging Oude Maas was founded on 16 May 1947. It played at Sportpark Polder Albrandswaard. In 2014 VV Oude Maas played in the first round of the National Dutch KNVB Cup, losing 1–3 to the Bergen op Zoom side SV DOSKO. Since 2015 the first team plays in the Eerste Klasse.
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Afterwards the area became uninhabitable because of several storms and floods. After impoldering of the Zijpe in the 16th century, other areas were drained slowly. In 1846, the Anna Paulownapolder was drained at last, with private money. The polder is named after the wife of King Willem II, Anna Pavlovna of Russia.
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The Poldertoren in Emmeloord 250px The Poldertoren is a water tower at the town center of Emmeloord, Netherlands. The Dutch name Poldertoren could be translated as Polder Tower. The 65-meter tower was built in 1959 and has a large carillon. The tower is no longer in use as a water tower.
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The Zuidpoldermolen is a windmill in Edam, dated between 1626-35According to the Dutch wikipage, the mill was probably built in 1670 and was used to grind grain and drain a polder: low land that has been reclaimed from the sea and diked. The mill is owned by the Dutch Windmill Society.
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Elisabeth-Sophien-Koog is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It occupies a small part in the northwest of Nordstrand peninsula. The municipality is located in and named after the polder (), financed by the banker Jean Henri Desmercières and named in honour of his wife Elisabeth Sophie Desmercières.
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Wachtum is a village located in the municipality of Coevorden, within the Dutch province of Drenthe. Wachtum is collectively cultivated by roughly 280 villagers. The village is home to a windmill, which its villagers refer to as De Hoop. Originally, it was built as a drainage mill for a polder in Veendam, Groningen.
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De Kievit was built in 1802 to drain or pump water into the Berikumerpolder as required. In 1986 it was sold to the Stichting Molens in Menaldumadeel. The mill was restored to working order between 1992 and 1995. It no longer drains the polder, but pumps water in a circuit for demonstration purposes.
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On 11 December 1945 the polder was reclaimed again, so the building of Wieringerwerf could start for a second time. Nowadays, a monument and a deep pool still mark the location of the bursting. In the decades after the reconstruction Wieringerwerf always had a growing population. Several quarters were built around the town centre.
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In 1901 a number of dairy farmers in several villages all decided to start cooperatives. The different cooperatives built small cheese factories. One of these was the cooperative Wilhelmina, opened in 1907. In 1930 they joined with another factory in the polder, De Unie, forming the joint cooperative cheesemaking facility called De Tijd ("The Time").
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Meidenmolen was built in 1855 to drain the Dwergsmear Polder. In 1953, the water board decided to fully mechanise the mill. Meetings held on 27 December 1961 and 13 March 1962 resulted in the mill being assisted by an electric motor, but full mechanisation was not carried out. The mill was restored in 1966.
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At present the lowest point in Holland is a polder near Rotterdam, which is about below sea level. Continuous drainage is necessary to keep Holland from flooding. In earlier centuries windmills were used for this task. The landscape was (and in places still is) dotted with windmills, which have become a symbol of Holland.
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This became part of the Westfriese Omringdijk, which protected the pentagon Schagen - Alkmaar - Medemblik - Enkhuizen - Hoorn. Uncontrollable increase of the lake had been prevented. In the 17th century private investors decided to drain the lake to create farmland. In 1630 the polder was drained and was , and the land was divided among the initiators.
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The Groote Braak ("Great Break") or St. Jorisbraak ("St. George's Break") was filled in 1723 and the smaller Braak was filled in 1714.Zeeburgerdijk (Dutch) The storm tide also left a small lake, the Nieuwe Diep, which was never filled in and is still in existence. In the Watergraafsmeer polder, five people were killed.
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The mill was probably built in 1878, replacing an earlier mill that had been built c.1790 and had burnt down. Draining the Huitebuurster polder, it was formerly named De Huitebuurstermolen, only being renamed t Zwaantje in 1987. In 1956, the mill was partly dismantled and a Lister diesel engine was installed to pump water.
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The mill was originally built in the 18th century at Wirdum to drain the Wirdumer Nieuwland polder, forming a pair with the Kramersmolen. (Click on "Geschiedenis" to view.) The mill was restored in 1971. The mill was restored in 1968-69. On 23 October 1986, the mill was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole ().
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Eventually, a ribbon shaped village formed between the 1621 lock in the Slikkerdijk and the ditch named De Kolk. This village was named after the polder. After a new lock was constructed on the other side of De Kolk, at the Pishoek and the Waardkanaal, a settlement center arose there. This center was named Nieuwesluis.
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Schoorl is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Bergen, and lies about 8 km northwest of Alkmaar. Until 2001, Schoorl was also a municipality of its own. Schoorl is a village in between the polder area of North Holland and the Kennemer dunes.
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"Reality" is a song by Belgian DJ and record producer Lost Frequencies, it was written by Felix de Laet, Janieck van de Polder, and Radboud Miedema. It became available for digital download on 18 May 2015. The song features vocals by Dutch singer and actor Janieck Devy, it topped the charts in over 10 countries.
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Due to the proximity of Paramaribo, factories were built in Meerzorg. In 1930, the plantation was extended by a polder, and the new land was used to grow rice. Meerzorg started to grow, and by 1948 had a population of 4,000 people. In 1958, the Commewijne District was expanded to include Meerzorg boosting its population.
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Walraversijde was discovered in 1992 on the Belgian coast by the archeologist Marnix Pieters. It was found in a dune area near a medieval dyke. Prior to discovery, Walraversijde was a lost village, with no obvious remains above ground. Two related sites were excavated, one on a beach and the other on a polder.
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Heemstede Castle (Dutch: Slot Heemstede) is the site of the old castle of Heemstede. The property is situated at the site of the former castle 'Heerlijkheid Heemstede', or 'Huis te Heemstede', at a strategic position on mouth of the Spaarne river on the Haarlem lake (since 1853 pumped dry and called the Haarlemmermeer polder).
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The former polder mill De Groeve was moved from Zuidlaren and re-erected at Makkum. A new pair of sails were fitted in 1944 by millwright H Wiersma of Scheemda, Groningen. In 1957, one of the sail stocks broke, and the mill ceased to work. Restoration started in 1961 and was completed in 1964.
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This Archimedes' screw has an axle diameter of and is diameter overall. It is inclined at an angle of 17½°. Each revolution of the screw lifts of water. The drive to the smaller of the two Archimedes' screws that drain the polder is from a 36 cog gear wheel meshing with the great spur wheel.
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He was born on 22 June 1869 in the Haarlemmermeer to Antonie Colijn and Anna Verkuijl, who had migrated to the newly created Haarlemmermeer polder from the Land of Heusden and Altena for religious reasons. He was the first of six children, all born in Haarlemmermeer. Colijn grew up in the Land of Altena.
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After the completion of the Beemster-polder in 1612 farming was made possible. The new land--four meters below sea-level-- was fertile and suitable for agriculture and dairy farming. Until 1901 most of the dairy farmers delivered their milk and home-made cheese to local merchants. The dependency on these merchants did not always please them.
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Onwaard is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located east of the village of Melissant on the island Goeree-Overflakkee. The municipality contained no villages nor hamlets; only a few farms. It consisted of a number of small polders: Onwaard, Oud-Kraaijer, Kraaijenisse, and part of the Nieuw-Kraaijer polder.
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The Kreeftenpolder is a dune valley which was formed because a sandbar was built separating it from the coastal plain. The supervisor of the project, Jaap Kreeft gave the polder its name. In the valley the Liparis loeselii and the "armbloemige waterbies" (Eleocharis quinqueflora) grow. Since the year 2000 a large part of it is flooded.
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This system was also a lot cheaper. Sierksma was miller until 1967 when he had to stop for health reasons. Difficulties with the housing requirements for a new miller meant that no new miller was hired but two board members of the Wijnserpolder waterboard themselves operated the mill. Until 1975 the polder was drained solely by wind power.
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The amount of agricultural land did not increase; it diminished as a result of the building of Lelystad (a city envisioned to eventually house at least 100,000 inhabitants.) By 2005 it had 70,000 residents. In addition, more area was assigned for development as forests and nature reserves, a trend that would continue in the next polder.
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Fahretoft is located between Dagebüll and Waygaard. The municipality's sports club, TSV Fahretoft/Waygaard, founded in 1965, has its seat there. One of the polders in the area, the Bottschlotter Koog, was already created between 1633 and 1638, it was named after a local tidal creek. This polder hosts 28 inhabitants, all of whom mainly live on agriculture.
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The region is bordered on the east by the IJsselmeer and four Dutch provinces. Holland is protected from the sea by a long line of coastal dunes. The highest point in Holland, about above sea level, is in the (Schoorl Dunes). Most of the land area behind the dunes consists of polder landscape lying well below sea level.
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Extent of flooding in the Netherlands The Zeeland dikes were breached in 67 locations. Large parts of South Holland, Zeeland and North Brabant were inundated. In North Holland only one polder was flooded. The most extensive flooding occurred on the islands of Schouwen-Duiveland, Tholen, Sint Philipsland, Goeree-Overflakkee, the Hoeksche Waard, Voorne-Putten and Alblasserwaard.
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Under the Dutch East India Company's administration, a "College of Alderman" () for Batavia was established on 24 July 1620. There was also the College van Heemraden (polder board). In 1905, a municipal body known as the Gemeenten Batavia was established, which was renamed to Stadsgemeente Batavia in 1926. During the Japanese occupation, an advisory body existed since September 1943.
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De Sweachmermolen was built in 1782 as a corn mill for Frans Julius Johan van Eijsinga. It was later converted so that it could also drain the Grote Polder Langweer, Dijken en Boornzwaag. The mill previously had four patent sails. On 12 August 1925, an electric motor was installed in the mill to drive the Archimedes' screw.
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The mill was demolished c1958, leaving the base standing. In 1985, the mill was bought by Mars, who decided to restore the mill back to working order. The drainage mill De Zwarte Haan, which stood by De Bildtse Polder, was purchased and dismantled in April 1997. In November 1997, the mill was re-erected at De Blesse.
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The mill was originally built in the 18th century at Wirdum to drain the Wirdumer Nieuwland polder. At Wirdum, it was also known by the name of Old Barrahûs. It has always formed a pair with Molen Hoogland. (Click on "Geschiedenis" to view.) On 1 March 1949, the cap and sails were blown of in a storm.
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This defeat was partly due to sloppy staffwork that allocated one narrow road to the columns of both Batavian divisions that were supposed to converge on the hamlet of Krabbendam.Krayenhoff, p. 118, 127 This hamlet sat astride one of the few entry roads to the Zijpe polder in which Abercromby had set up an armed camp.
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Although a mill has stood on this site since 1640, De Bird was built in the 18th century. It was built to drain the De Burd polder, which was part of the Groot Jetsma farm. De Bird was built for A J de Jong. A later owner was Simon Koopmans, giving the mill its alternate name of Koopmans Molen.
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Further drainage could only be accomplished after the development of the polder windmill in the 15th century. The wind-driven water pump has become one of the trademark tourist attractions of the Netherlands. The first drainage mills using a scoop wheel could raise water at most 1.5 m. By combining mills the pumping height could be increased.
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De Eendracht was built in 1872 by millwright Otto R Posthumus to drain the De Eendracht Polder. Four Patent sails were fitted in 1899. In 1940, the sails were fitted with leading edges streamlined on the Dekker system. A diesel engine was added as auxiliary power in 1966, it was removed when the mill was restored in 1975.
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Wieringerwaard is a polder and a village in the municipality of Hollands Kroon in the Dutch province of North Holland. Wieringerwaard was formerly a separate municipality, until it merged with Barsingerhorn in 1970. In 2001, the village of Wieringerwaard had 1176 inhabitants. The built-up area of the village was 0.32 km², and contained 502 residences.
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250px Vrouwenpolder is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Veere, and lies about 9 km north of Middelburg. The name is derived from "the polder of Our Lady", referring to the Virgin Mary. Vrouwenpolder was a separate municipality until 1966, when it was merged with Veere.
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After pumping the polder dry, Kraggenburg and the lands surrounding it were made into an agricultural area with a focus on growing fruits. A large part of the area contained so- called stone clay which makes it virtually impossible to grow anything there. They turned it into a production forest in order to make some profit.
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Shown here is a motorway passing by a polder with a drainage windmill, and two wind turbines in the background. , the key trading partners of the Netherlands were Germany, Belgium, the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, China and Russia. The Netherlands is one of the world's 10 leading exporting countries. Foodstuffs form the largest industrial sector.
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De Grote Molen was built by millwright J T Kingma of Ternaard in 1845 to drain the Marrum-Westernijtjerk polder. As built, the mill was fitted with Patent sails. Later, Common sails fitted with streamlined leading edges on the Dekker System were fitted. These were later replaced by Common sails with leading edges on the Fok System.
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Zestienhoven is a neighborhood of Rotterdam, Netherlands and is part of the borough Overschie. Zestienhoven is the largest district in Overschie, but is sparsely populated. The Polder Zestienhoven is within the district, east of the urban area of Overschie. On the east side is the neighborhood Schiebroek and on the north side Rotterdam The Hague Airport.
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Doel is a subdivision of the municipality of Beveren in the Flemish province of East-Flanders in Belgium. It is located near the river the Scheldt, in a polder of the Waasland. Since 1965, there have been plans to extend the Port of Antwerp into Doel and demolish the village, however protests have caused a stalemate.
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Van de Polder was born on June 24, 1994 in Noordwijk, Netherlands. He learned to play the guitar while waiting for the film set and wrote melodies and lyrics for his friends band Lost Fox, as well as made his own songs. At the age of 14, he wrote his first song he ever recorded titled "A Better Man".
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View of the ringvaart north of Cruquius looking further north towards the location of the info board. The aqueduct over the A4 Highway. Just north of geniedijk, view east of ringvaart aqueduct over Zuid Tangent bus line. The Ringvaart (known in full as Ringvaart of the Haarlemmermeer Polder) is a canal in the province of North Holland, the Netherlands.
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The drive to the Archimedes' screw that pumps water into the polder is from a 38-cog gear wheel meshing with the great spur wheel. This drives a 25 stave gear wheel which drives a wallower (30 cogs). The wallower drives a gear wheel with 31 cogs. This drives a cast iron gear wheel with 48 teeth.
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Friedrichskoog is a municipality in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the outflow of the Elbe into the North Sea, approximately 25 km southwest of Heide, and 25 km northeast of Cuxhaven. The municipality is located in and named after the polder (), which was named in honour of King Frederick VII of Denmark.
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Lambertschaag is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Medemblik, and lies about 12 km north of Hoorn. The village of Lambertschaag is built along one road, going from Abbekerk on the south to the Wieringermeer polder on the north. Lambertschaag has a population of around 190.
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In earlier centuries this was done manually and using spades, which is why the spade forms part of the Neuwesteel coat of arms. In the years 1928 and 1929 the roughly 600-hectare Leypolder was dyked.Eberhard Rack: Kleine Landeskunde Ostfrieslands, Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 1998, p. 92 On this polder has stood the village of Neuwesteel since 1934.
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Andries Vierlingh (1507–1579) was a dyke builder and polder creator in the Netherlands who drew considerable attention to himself. By 1540 he had already reclaimed some 4000 hectares of new land. This gave investors ideas; they could see a bright future and money to be made in territorial expansion. William of Orange was to be one of them.
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Dutch physicists Hendrik Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947; this special form is called the Casimir–Polder force. After a conversation with Niels Bohr, who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948 which is called the Casimir effect in the narrow sense. Predictions of the force were later extended to finite-conductivity metals and dielectrics, and recent calculations have considered more general geometries. Experiments before 1997 had observed the force qualitatively, and indirect validation of the predicted Casimir energy had been made by measuring the thickness of liquid helium films.
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Assebroek is situated on a lower sand plain south west of Bruges. Forming a typical polder landscape, in winter an area called Assebroekse Meersen, characterised by small grass fields separated by willow trees often gets flooded. The Meersen area arose as prolongation within the so-called Flemish Valley. The slope contains sand, lime and peat deposits from the Holocene Epoch.
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Data sets regarding cloud properties are gathered using satellites, such as MODIS, POLDER, CALIPSO or ATSR. The instruments measure the radiances of the clouds, from which the relevant parameters can be retrieved. This is usually done by using inverse theory. The method of detection is based on the fact that the clouds tend to appear brighter and colder than the land surface.
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Both islands stand out in the new land, physically and figuratively. The community of Urk in particular has remained an entity somewhat distinct from the "mainland". It is a separate municipality from the rest of the polder, which was organized as the municipality of Noordoostpolder in 1962. The town of Kuinre was cut off from the open water, losing businesses and status.
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Prime contractors joined forces in a consortium, the Society for the implementation of work of the Zuiderzee.D.J. Wolffram, 70 jaar ingenieurskunst. Dienst der Zuiderzeewerken 1919-1989 (Lelystad 1997) This small dike is important as the first time that boulder clay was used in the construction of dam. It remained to build the large dam in the south to close the polder Wieringermeer.
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Coat of arms of Klaaskinderkerke Klaaskinderenkerke (also spelled 'Klaaskinderkerke') is a former village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. The polder Klaaskinderen was flooded on December 14, 1511, and was never reclaimed again. The church of Klaaskinderenkerke disappeared in this flood, and in the 19th century, only a small hamlet was left. The hamlet has now disappeared from the maps.
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Up until the early seventeenth century, the Haarlemmerdijk (also called Spaarndammerdijk) constitutes the only connection between Haarlem and Amsterdam. The dike serves as protection against the IJ, but is subject to breakthroughs and floods. At the north of the dike lies a polder, which is the location of today's Westerpark. Its name, Overbraker Binnenpolder, probably refers to its frequent floods.
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Four villages (Slootdorp (1931), Middenmeer (1933), Wieringerwerf (1936) and Kreileroord (1957)) eventually were developed in the polder. Since 1 July 1941, the Wieringermeer had been an independent municipality. During the Second World War, the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany. On 17 April 1945, a vengeful German command ordered the dike of the Wieringermeer to be blown up: the area was inundated.
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The remaining garrison, caught by surprise, was massacred. William proceeded the following morning to attack the Forts of Sainte Marie and Isabelle, the latter built on the levee of Voorderweert.Annales des travaux publics de Belgique p. 45 He also ordered the dykes of the Polder of Melsele to be demolished with the aim of flooding the area, but the low tide prevented this.
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This new polder was named Beijerland, Moerkerken, Cromstrijen en de Greup. Circa 1624 the smaller polders Bosschenpolder and Nieuwlandpolder were added to it. Beijerland was named after Sabina of Bavaria (Dutch: Beijeren), wife of the Count of Egmont. In 1582 the name was changed to Oud-Beijerland, in order to distinguish it from Nieuw-Beijerland which was formed several kilometers to the west.
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Map of the former municipality Watergraafsmeer in 1869 Buitenplaats Frankendael The Watergraafsmeer is a polder in the Netherlands. It was reclaimed in 1629. In the 17th and 18th centuries, there were many buitenplaatsen in the Watergraafsmeer, though nowadays only one, Frankendael, remains. Since 1921, the Watergraafsmeer is part of the city of Amsterdam and its rural character has all but disappeared.
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These often controlled only a small area, a single polder or dike. As these boards became better organised, the counts of Holland began granting charters to the boards. They were also granted the right to make their own bylaws. The ever-present threat of loss of life and land required short lines of communication between authorities and residents who maintained the infrastructure.
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The mill was built in 1844 to drain the Balkendsterpolder. In 1911, alterations were made to enable the pumping of water into, or out of, the polder. The mill was restored in 1970 by millwright De Roos of Leeuwarden, Friesland. It was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole on 19 June 1980, becoming the 25th mill owned by that organisation.
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A further restoration in 1988 was carried out by millwright Tacoma of Stiens, Friesland. Circa 1990, the ability of the mill to pump water into the polder was removed. The ability to pump water in a circuit for demonstration purposes was facilitated. In 2006, the mill was designated as being held in reserve, capable of being worked in earnest should the need arise.
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The Genezareth was built in 1850 by millwright H de Vries to drain the Genezareth-Kloosterpolder. Restorations were undertaken in 1958 and 1962. On 4 May 1976, the mill was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole () A further restoration was undertaken in 1980. In 2006, the mill was officially designated as being in reserve should it be required to drain the polder.
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Arkens was originally built in 1835 at a site to the north of its current position. It was built to drain the Arkens polder. Prior to 1910, it was fitted with four Patent sails. Photographs show that one pair of the Patent sails were wider at the tip than they were at the heel, the other pair were of standard construction.
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After their marriage they moved from The Hague to the polder village of Zuidoostbeemster, where their two children were born, Kasper in 1971 and Kim in 1974. Both children are well-known performers in the Netherlands. In 1978 the family moved to Hilversum and in 1996 to Amsterdam. Van Kooten is best known for his collaboration with Wim de Bie.
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De Schalsumermolen was built in 1801 to drain the Grote Schalsumer Polder. The mill was working until 1960, and since then it has been maintained in an operable condition, last working in the 1970s. De Schalsumermolen was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole on 28 December 1977, the 20th mill bought by that organisation. In 1979, the mill was restored.
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Moerkapelle in 1865 The hamlet Op Moer formed circa 1400. Around 1560 the first reference was made to the existence of a chapel, which served as a school and farmhouse after the completion of the village church in 1667. After the formation of the polder "Wildeveenen" in the 17th century, agricultural activity began and led to a population increase in Moerkapelle.
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Gnephoek is a polder in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Alphen aan den Rijn, and lies about 2 km west of Alphen aan den Rijn. The statistical area "Gnephoek", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 250.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Gemeente Op Maat 2004: Alphen aan den Rijn .
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Drawing of the tombstone of Isaac le Maire and his wife Le Mairs polder near Den Helder. Map from 1641 by Claes Jansz. Visscher. (view from the north) Isaac Le Maire (c. 1558 in Tournai - September 20, 1624 in Egmond aan den Hoef) was a Walloon-born entrepreneur, investor, and a sizeable shareholder of the Dutch East India Company (VOC).
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In the Tagus delta, Portugal, the leaching efficiency of the dense clay soil was found as low as 0.10 to 0.15.E.A. Vanegas Chacon, 1990. Using SaltMod to predict desalinization in the Leziria Grande Polder, Portugal. Thesis. Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands The soil could not be developed for intensive agriculture and was used for rearing of bulls in coarse natural pasture.
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Kruispolderhaven panorama 2006. Kruispolderhaven is a rural village located in the eastern Zeelandic Flanders portion of the Dutch province of Zeeland. Its name originates from its location at the eastern tip of the Kruispolder, a "crossed" polder adjacent to a (now nonexistent) seaport on the southern bank of the Western Scheldt estuary.Nova et Accurata Comitatus Zelandiae Tabula, Carel Allard (1648-ca.
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Architecture bij Henk Leeflang. WInter palace for geese and swans, Arctican birds. Founding father Sir Douwe Veldhuizen – van de Geest who now is in his sixties, is keen on stepping back in order to make space and inspire younger talent. His part of the story is told in an online available book: Polder oasis Nekkeveld estate–endless stories of creation and development.
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When the Haarlem Lake became a polder in 1852, the former sluice gate became a steam-driven drainage pump, which is now a museum. A railway parallel to the canal was built in 1839 which rendered passenger transport on the Haarlemmertrekvaart obsolete. While there is no longer any shipping on the canal, it is still being used for water management.
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West Flanders consists of the North Sea coast, followed by a very flat polder landscape. Only in the south are some small hills, with the Kemmelberg () being the highest point in the province. The Leie and IJzer are the main rivers. West Flanders is both the only Belgian province that borders both France and The Netherlands; it is the only province not landlocked.
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The 18th World Scout Jamboree (Dutch: 18e Wereldjamboree) was held August 1 to 11, 1995 and was hosted by the Netherlands on a polder near Biddinghuizen, Dronten community, Flevoland. 28,960 Scouts and staff members from 166 countries and territories participated in the event, the largest representation of countries to date, including 34 countries where Scouting was being born or reborn.
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Janieck van de Polder (; born ), better known by his stage name Janieck Devy or just the mononym Janieck, is a Dutch singer-songwriter, musician and actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Pluk in the 2004 film Tow Truck Pluck and the single "Reality" by Lost Frequencies, in which he took the melody, guitar, vocals and lyrics into account.
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The island is subject to frequent flooding, particularly in spring due to ice dams. Floods and regular river flow deposit new sediments increasing the area of the island. Floodwaters are removed by pumping, using an extensive system of canals and polders. The polder and embankment system has not always been able to contain floods such as the one in 1958.
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The remainder pressed on; they did not have the correct transmission codes and did not understand the messages.Middlebrook, p.403 One of the few messages to get out of Arnhem warned the Poles that DZ 'K' was not secure and to land instead on the polder east of Driel where they should secure the Heveadorp ferry on the south bank of the Rhine.
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De Snip was built in the mid-19th century to drain a polder. A hollow post mill having previously stood on the site. Following a long period of dereliction, the mill was restored in 1974-45 by millwright Tacoma of Stiens, Friesland. The windhaft in the mill came from De Kolthofpoldermolen, Oosterbierum, Friesland, which had burnt down on 13 December 1972.
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Hendrik Brugt Gerhard Casimir ForMemRS (15 July 1909 – 4 May 2000) was a Dutch physicist best known for his research on the two-fluid model of superconductors (together with C. J. GorterR. de Bruyn Ouboter, C.J. Gorter's Life & Science, University of Leiden, Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics (LeidenPhysics).) in 1934 and the Casimir effect (together with D. Polder) in 1948.
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As a result of intensive agriculture in catchment areas, many polder ditches have turned from a clear water state with submerged plant dominance into a state where the water is completely covered with duckweed. Dominance of free-floating plants poses a threat to biodiversity by causing dark an anoxic conditions in the water column, and is generally associated with poor ecological quality.
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The Stormpolder is shown on this 1867 map of Krimpen aan den IJssel, southwest of the village center. Stormpolder is a polder and a hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is located about 7 km east of the center of Rotterdam, in the municipality of Krimpen aan den IJssel. It lies between the Nieuwe Maas and Hollandsche IJssel rivers.
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Only the following October did he manage to force a Franco- Batavian retreat in the Battle of Alkmaar (1799). A few days later, at the Battle of Castricum the Franco-Batavian forces prevailed again and York had to withdraw to the Zijpe polder. His dire position then forced him to sue for an honorable capitulation in the form of the Convention of Alkmaar.
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Just beyond Dordrecht, the squadron was attacked by nine Messerschmitt fighters, three of which attacked the T-5. The other six split up and attacked the two G-1s. The T5 went down in flames and crashed in the Grienden along the Noord, near Ridderkerk. The other G-1 was also shot down and crashed in a polder at Nieuw-Lekkerland.
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Up until the 1920s, four polder windmills were located in Honswijk. Three of them (Rijswijk, Honswijk and Uppel) were destroyed or removed by 1930, leaving only the Uitwijkse Molen still standing. The flag of Honswijk is horizontally divided into three stripes of red, yellow and white, with over the center an armorial shield depicting a white carbuncle on a blue field.
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This, approx. 10 km long straight of polder road, connects the town of Baarn to various roads in Soest and the industrial area of Amersfoort. Due to good communications with Amsterdam, the town is home to a number of boutique international firms such as SEI Investments Company, Bain & Co and Cerberus Capital Management. Unilever's Conimex and software company Seyoda Games are located in Baarn.
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Memorial in honor of Jean Henri Desmercieres for his reclamation of Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog, Desmerciereskoog, and Elisabeth-Sopien-Koog Desmercières was a major landowner in Holstein. He owned Quarnbek as well as Emkendorf from 1743 to 1764. He was a pioneer in land reclamation in the Holstein area where he reclaimed the bay at Bredstedt. The new area was named Desmerciereskoog after him (koog meaning 'polder').
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In 1887 a rail link between Antwerp and Bergen op Zoom also linked to Zandvliet. This line mainly transported sugar beet, but also catered for passengers. In 1958 Berendrecht, Zandvliet and Lillo were incorporated in Antwerp and the polder landscape largely expropriated for harbour development. Since the decentralisation of 2000 these three old communities were joined under the name of Bezali, an acronym used by the media.
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The district of Kirche (Church; North Frisian: Doogebel Schörk) is situated in the centre of the Dagebüll polder, constituting the core of the former Hallig. Many old farmsteads can still be found on dwelling hills. When the church was built in 1731, it did not yet have a bell tower. Only when funds had been raised in 1905/1906, it was decided to build a tower.
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In contrast to e.g. the Beemster, the quality of the new land was very disappointing. In 1674 there was even a serious proposal to refill the polder with water, reasoning that the area would be more profitable as fishing water. A major event in the recent history of Heerhugowaard was the unexpected victory of Princess Margriet at the first-ever held Keegelfestival of 1961.
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The turf industry had collapsed, so the village had lost its revenues from it. The village was somewhat isolated, because it had no major railway or waterway. The main source of income was livestock farming, with some arable, but horticulture and floriculture were already emerging. In 1852 the Haarlemmermeer polder was reclaimed and the "Fort at the Schiphol" was created as a defense for Amsterdam.
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During the 18th century the moors were drained and agricultural use of polder land commenced. The years that followed resulted in significant changes to the town due to residential and commercial building developments. (source: Gemeente Lansingerland) In 1850 the town had a population count of 1,250, which by 1950 had expanded to 5,700. The municipality of Tempel was abolished in 1855 and added to Berkel en Rodenrijs.
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These lakes were the result of peat harvesting. In 1839 the first one was drained and made into a polder, the current Zuidplaspolder, and in 1866, the Alexanderpolder was made. The railway between Rotterdam and Gouda was built in 1855 and resulted in the growth of the village. Other periods of rapid development followed after the Second World War and in the early 1980s.
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Frederick Henry had also hired 4,000 peasants and these would cause a tactical surprise. He diverted the two main streams feeding the swamps (the Dommel and the Aa) around the city by means of a double forty kilometre dike, in the form of a giant square, completely enclosing the fortress. Thus having created a polder, he began to drain it with (mainly horse) mills.
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The Jordaan, between the outer canal and the town wall, was part of a major urban development at the start of the 17th century. The canals and streets were not laid out on a new plan, but were enlargements of the existing polder ditches and pathways. In the Jordaan many canals and streets are named after flowers. This canal is named for an eglantine rose (Rosa rubiginosa).
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The IJmeer is a 'bordering lake' (Randmeer) in the Netherlands. It lies between the De Nes polder (in Waterland), Pampushaven, Hollandse Brug and the mouth of the IJ in IJburg, straddling the provinces of North Holland and Flevoland. It is an important habitat for birds such as the tufted duck and scaup. To the north-east is the Markermeer, south-east is the Gooimeer.
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Today the Rhine is corseted between embankments. The Erstein polder is used to regulate the flow of the Rhine, thus avoiding inundations. It has been listed as a national nature reserve since 1989. As a matter of fact, it is still possible to discover in the reserve the biodiversity which used to exist when the Grand Ried was wild and the Rhine was not canalised.
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The name Kinderdijk is Dutch for "Children dike". During the Saint Elizabeth flood of 1421, the Grote Hollandse Waard flooded, but the Alblasserwaard polder stayed unflooded. It is often said that when the horrendous storm had subsided, a villager went to the dike between these two areas to inspect what could be salvaged. In the distance he saw a wooden cradle floating on the water.
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But Bruinink returned the letter to Adriaan without denouncing him. Adriaan was one of the investors in the venture of the draining of the Beemster polder. He invested also in the Magelaanse Compagnie (one of the would-be competitors of the VOC) Church interior by Hendrick Cornelisz. van Vliet showing the Memorial Tablet for Adriaan Teding van Berkhout Adriaan died on 13 August 1620 in The Hague.
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The polder model () is consensus decision-making, based on the acclaimed Dutch version of consensus-based economic and social policy making in the 1980s and 1990s.Ewoud Sanders, Woorden met een verhaal (Amsterdam / Rotterdam, 2004), 104–06.Stijn Kuipers, Het begin van het moderne Nederlandse poldermodel; De Hoge Raad van Arbeid van 1920 als eerste manifestatie van het Nederlandse tripartiete sociaaleconomische overlegmodel? (Nijmegen, 2015), 3.
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The Markerwaard is the name of a proposed polder in the IJsselmeer that was never built. The construction of Markerwaard would have resulted in the near-total reclamation of the Markermeer. Markerwaard was expected to be finished in 1978. In 1941 work for this project started; about 2 km of a dike north of Marken was built. It would have had an area of nearly 600 km2.
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Statistical area "Blokland". Blokland was a heerlijkheid (manor), covering the entire polder "Blokland", which is the area south of the Bloklandse Dijk. When the current municipal system was introduced in the Netherlands in 1812, Blokland became part of the municipality Montfoort for a short while. It was part of the municipality of Willeskop between 1818 and 1989, when that municipality was merged with Montfoort.
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In 1950 work commenced on several construction islands in the middle of the IJsselmeer. Lelystad-Haven was the largest island, and its wooden barracks housed a community of dyke-builders. In 1955 they reached the mainland, which made it possible to drive to Lelystad by car. One of the three pumping stations, which drained the polder in June 1957, was the diesel-powered Wortman in Lelystad-Haven.
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The built user area is approximately 3000 cubic meters. The State Secretary for Economic Affairs and the Minister of Finance officially (July 6, 2016) allowed polder oasis Nekkeveld estate the governmental recognition of classification by law according to the Dutch Natuurschoonwet 1928. The estate is a member of the Dutch Federation for Private Landownership. The inspiring area for living and creative purposes has been built in 2009.
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An important part of the park is the rowing course called de Bosbaan ("Forest course"), which was opened in 1937. The course was an alternative for rowing on the Amstel river, or on the canal surrounding the polder of the Haarlemmermeer, which were the two traditional locations for rowing competition. It is the world's oldest artificial rowing course. In 1977 it hosted the World Rowing championships.
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This enormous project under the direction of Cornelis Lely, called the Zuiderzee Works, ran from 1919 to 1986, culminating in the creation of the new province of Flevoland. The reclamation project was originally intended to also reclaim the former southwestern portion of the Zuiderzee, a polder that would have been called the Markerwaard, but this final stage of the reclamation project was indefinitely postponed in the 1980s.
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On 13 May the Dutch troops were placed under French operational command and 68e Division d'Infanterie was transferred to the 7th Army.Amersfoort (2005), p. 241 Cooperation between the two allies left much to be desired and was plagued by poor communications, misunderstandings and differences regarding strategy. The Dutch considered the Bath and Zanddijk Positions to be very defensible because of the open polder landscape and extensive inundations.
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Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog is a municipality situated along the North Sea coast in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The municipality is located in and named after the polder (), which was finished in 1874 and named in honour of German Emperor William I. The Koog is entirely reclaimed land and therefore a completely flat area and is 0 meters above sea level.
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Since then, he began using the mononym "Janieck". On June 22, 2016, to celebrate his birthday, he performed at Giel on NPO 3FM. Shortly afterwards, he and Radboud Miedema co-write "Madison" for Alle Farben's album Music Is My Best Friend. Dutch radio station 100% NL nominated van de Polder as "Breakthrough of the Year" and his single "Feel the Love" as "Hit of the Year".
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The area is relatively flat, but there is a gentle slope stretching from the south-east to north-west. The northern part consists of dense polder, while the southern part is dotted with various lakes. The major lakes are Dianshan Lake, Yangcheng Lake, Cheng Lake and Kuilei Lake. Wusong River winds through the city, while smaller rivers criss-cross it in a grid pattern.
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Groenveld was first mentioned in 1478 AD as "Groenvelt". The main street in the village, called "Groenveldsdijk", references to the dike that the village was built upon. The old windmill, called De Groenvelder, dates back to the early 16th century and was built to keep the surrounding land, in Dutch called Polder, dry from flooding and heavy rainfall. The Mill is still in use till present day.
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Söderfjärden is visible as the circular cultivated area in this LandSat image. Söderfjärden is a polder in Ostrobothnia, western Finland, 10 kilometres south of the town of Vaasa. The plain is in an impact crater which was made at least some 640 million years old (Proterozoic, near the end of the Cryogenian). The crater's diameter is 6.6 km and its maximum depth is 300 metres.
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In 1811, the mill was built to drain the Heimerter Polder, which had an area of . The mill was then owned by the church at Schalsum In 1950, the sails were fitted with streamlined leading edges on the Fok system. In 1957, a diesel engine was installed as auxiliary power and the wooden Archimedes' screw replaced by one of steel. In 1969, the mill ceased work.
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One such investor was the Dutch entrepreneur Quirinus Indervelden who managed to create the first new polder in 1654 with Dutch money and expert workers from Brabant. Other polders followed in 1657 and 1663. This Dutch settlement is still present today in form of an Old Catholic churchhouse. The Old Catholic Dutchmen had been allowed to practise their religion in Lutheran Denmark and to erect their own church.
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The Wieringermeer, as the first of the envisioned five polders, served as a major testbed for ideas and techniques for the following projects. It is closest to the original concept of the new land being primarily used as agricultural land and it has retained a strong rural character. Four villages eventually were formed in the polder: Slootdorp (1931), Middenmeer (1933), Wieringerwerf (1936), and Kreileroord (1957). Local governance presented a new problem.
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It is also home to the only other settlement of the polder, Zeewolde (1984), again a more conventional town acting as the local centre. Zeewolde became a municipality at the same time as Almere, on January 1, 1984, which in the case of Zeewolde meant that the municipality existed before the town itself, with only farms in the surrounding land to be governed until the town started to grow.
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Almere is part of the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (MRA). Almere is the newest city in the Netherlands: the land on which the city sits, the Southern Flevoland polder, was reclaimed from the IJsselmeer from 1959 to 1968. The first house was finished in 1976, and Almere became a municipality in 1984. It has the largest population of the municipalities in Flevoland with citizens in and the 7th largest in the Netherlands.
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De Omval aan de Amstel (1645) by Rembrandt.The Omval area became a peninsula in a meander of the Amstel river when the Watergraafsmeer, a polder in the east of the city, was drained and reclaimed in 1629. Originally, the Omval was part of the Ouder-Amstel municipality, but in 1921 the peninsula was added to the city of Amsterdam. The name Omval refers to the sharp turn in the river Amstel.
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View of the Leybucht The Leybucht lies in the Lower Saxon Wadden Sea National Park (Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer) and belongs to Zone I. It enjoys special protection, not least because of the fauna and flora of its salt marshes. The Leybucht Polder was settled in the 1950s and is a village in the borough of Norden. The most important tourist resort on the Leybucht is the 'Siel village of Greetsiel.
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Benthuizen polder, as seen from a dike The land that is now Holland has not been "stable" since prehistoric times. The western coastline shifted up to to the east and storm surges regularly broke through the row of coastal dunes. The Frisian Isles, originally joined to the mainland, became detached islands in the north. The main rivers, the Rhine and the Meuse (Maas), flooded regularly and changed course repeatedly and dramatically.
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The name was taken from the historic municipality of Albrandswaard en Kijvelanden, which existed until 1842, when it joined Poortugaal. Albrandswaard actually is a polder located between Rhoon and Poortugaal. Both villages have a metro station on Rotterdam Metro line D (Poortugaal station and Rhoon station), which connect them to Rotterdam and to the main railway network from Rotterdam Centraal in the east, and to Hoogvliet and Spijkenisse in the west.
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Nieboczowy (German Niebotschau) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubomia, within Wodzisław County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Lubomia, west of Wodzisław Śląski, and south-west of the regional capital Katowice. The original village with 550 inhabitants was demolished between 2013 and 2017 due to the construction of the Racibórz Dolny polder. A new village was built near the village of Syrynia.
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Here is also found the only other settlement of the polder, Zeewolde (1984), again a more conventional town acting as the local centre. Zeewolde became a municipality at the same time as Almere on 1 January 1984, which in the case of Zeewolde meant that the municipality existed before the town itself, with only farms in the surrounding land to be governed until the town started to grow.
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In April 1945, Bunde was the first East Frisian town to be liberated, being occupied initially by Canadian and Polish forces. Although various buildings were damaged by artillery fire, casualties among the population were few. Polder land with farm buildings. After the war, the district hosted an influx of German refugees expelled from territories east of the Oder–Neisse line under border changes promulgated at the Potsdam Conference.
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The work was planted by Marinus Boezem (b. 1934) on April 16, 1987, in Southern Flevoland. The land art project was installed on polder land; 178 trees were planted on a knoll, a half-metre above the surrounding area. Over the following years, some trees were replaced due to deer damage, and stone was laid in the floor to echo the cross ribs and support beams of the cathedral.
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It also carries the brake wheel which has 48 cogs. This drives the wallower (31 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 34 cogs, drives an Archimedes' screw. The lower crown wheel, which has 33 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The western group occupied West Friesland, now part of North Holland; the eastern occupied the present provinces of Friesland and Groningen, also in the Netherlands. The rich polder land in the Netherlands is unsurpassed for the production of grass, cattle, and dairy products. Between the 13th and 16th centuries, the production of butter and cheese was enormous. Historic records describe heavy beef cattle, weighing from 2,600 to 3,000 pounds each.
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Saeftinghe was drained in the 13th century under the management of the abbey of Ter Doest. Willem van Saeftinghe was one of the best known occupants of the abbey and gave his name to the stretch of land claimed from the sea. Up to 1570, the land was very fertile polder. Agriculture, peat burning and trade turned Saeftinghe into one of the most prosperous places in the region.
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In 1976 the dam Houtribdijk connecting Enkhuizen and Lelystad was completed, a necessary step in the construction of Markerwaard, the dikes for the bordering lakes were still to be completed. However the entire project became mired in political and environmental controversy. In the late 1970s, the project was revised down leaving wide bordering lakes between the polder and North Holland. Marken would remain a peninsula, unlike on the original project.
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Leybuchtpolder is part of the borough of Norden in East Frisia on Germany's North Sea coast and was an independent municipality until 1972. Leybuchtpolder is geologically the most recent of Norden's parishes and has 461 inhabitants. Between 1947 and 1950 the polder was finally reclaimed from the North Sea, when the almost 5 km long Störtebeker Dyke was completed. A monument stands on the spot where the dyke was closed.
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The polder was laid dry in 1610. It border, and also the border of the municipality, were the Zuiderzee, the dike-ditches along the outside of the Westfriese Omringdijk and the Slikkerdijk of the Zijpe. In 1970, Wieringerwaard became part of the municipality of Barsingerhorn, but in 1990 it was separated from this municipality and added to the municipality of Anna Paulowna. The area was already inhabited before 1610.
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In 1633 Hieronimus invested in digging peat near Smilde, in 1635 he bought property in the Schermer, when the polder was drained, and in 1638 he was involved in whaling. In 1640 he became a guardian over the children of Gommer Spranger. In 1644 Hieronimus owned a mansion designed by Philips Vingboons in the Purmer near Edam; in 1650 his brother-in- law, Willem Boreel, became ambassador in Venice.
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The Zuiderzee (Southern Sea) was the main transport route from Amsterdam to the North Sea and the Hanseatic League cities. Due to the many shipwrecks in Flevoland, Lelystad now houses the National Centre for Maritime History, with a museum and the shipyard that has built the Batavia replica. Sunset over the IJsselmeer, bordering Lelystad. After the Second World War the Zuiderzee Works continued, constructing the polder of Eastern Flevoland.
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Crouse Family History, Second Edition, Researcher's Supplement, Rogue Publishing, Seattle, Washington, 2007. Today, while other dikes protect Kruispolderhaven, the original "cross" dikes have been reduced to field level and are represented by the east-west roads, Kruispolderkaai (cross-polder- quay) and Lange Nieuwstraat (long new-street). The north-south cross is represented by Ooststraat (east-street). Besides Kruispolderhaven, the Kruispolder also contains the hamlets of Kruisdorp and Baalhoek.
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The beach site was inhabited between 1200 and 1400, and the polder site was inhabited between 1400 and 1600. The excavations also found evidence of activities during the Roman era, such as a Roman dyke. Walraversijde ceased having a role after the Siege of Ostend of 1601–1604, when a Spanish cavalry camp operated from the site. The artefacts and remains are well preserved, and there have been many finds.
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When that municipality was split into three parts, 's-Gravesloot became a separate municipality again. In 1857, Kamerik- Mijzijde, Kamerik-Houtdijken, and 's-Gravesloot merged again, to form the new municipality of Kamerik. Kamerik and 's-Gravesloot are now part of Woerden. The municipality of 's-Gravesloot consisted of a polder with the same name, covered an area of 3.23 km2, and contained the hamlet of 's-Gravesloot.
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The Canje River supplies water to the Guyana Sugar Corporation's Skeldon Estate (c. 12,000 acres (49 km2)); Albion Estate (20,000 acres (80 km2)); and Rose Hall Estate (12,000 to 14,000 acres (49 to 51 km2)). The Manarabisi Rice Cultivation (17,000 acres (69 km2)) and Black Bush Polder (17,000 acres (69 km2)) also depend on this river. Pumps have been placed along the Canje River that lead to the cultivation area.
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In October 1914, Geeraert came in touch with a Belgian detachment of marine engineers (sapper) guarding the sluices in Nieuwpoort. On 21 October they were ordered by their High Command to flood the polder at to protect the endangered bridgehead at Lombardsijde. Geeraert contributed to the success of the operation. This was, however, a temporary respite and on 25 October they decided to flood the entire region between Nieuwpoort and Diksmuide.
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He died shortly after however by a musket wound; his position would be taken by Colonel Uytenhoove. On 29 May the long prepared mine was sprung effectively sprung beneath the Porepsic.Motley (1869) pp 180–81 The Spanish then launched a two pronged assault, one on the breach and the other on the Polder bulwark.Belleroche pp 75–76 The Spanish soon crowded into the breach and ferocious fighting ensued.
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Nieuw Nickerie was originally planned on a polder created in 1869, but was moved further in land. In 1940s a sea dike was built to protect the area. The name Nickerie is probably based on Neekeari which was first reported by Teenstra in 1596 for an indigenous tribe living the area. The name also appears in Robert Dudley's The Voyage of Robert Dudley to the West-Indies, 1594-1595.
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At the head of these dikes Abercromby had built a sconce that was defended by two brigades of Foot. Nevertheless, French grenadiers managed to penetrate as far as the dike of the Zijpe polder, but the ring canal here also proved too much of an obstacle. Many French soldiers drowned while they valiantly tried to cross this deep watercourse. One of the casualties was the French general David.
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Beemster cheese is a hard, Dutch cow's milk cheese. Production of Beemster is similar to other hard cheeses such as Gouda. The specific taste of Beemster stems from the ingredients (milk from grass grown on sea-clay in a polder 4 meters below sea-level) and from the fact that part of the production process (the stirring of the curd) is done by hand and that the cheeses are ripened in changing conditions.
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Several years after this was completed, the various plots were distributed among private parties, with priority given to the early pioneers who had been in the polder since the start. Later, farmers from all over the Netherlands became eligible for the remainder. Candidates were put through a selection process before receiving their own pieces of new land. Satellite picture of Noordoostpolder The North Sea flood of 1953 made the government change its priorities.
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The solution was to push the old doctrine of the supremacy of provincial sovereignty (as long as it was Holland's sovereignty), first formulated by François Vranck in 1587. And this became the basic constitutional theory of the Republic during the Stadtholderless Era, at least of De Witt'sStates Party.Israel (1995), p. 719 Students of modern Dutch politics will recognize in this characterization of De Witt's statecraft the outlines of the venerable Dutch Polder Model.
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Location of Linkeroever (in red) Linkeroever at sunset, seen from Antwerp across the river Scheldt Linkeroever (Literal translation: Left river bank) is an area in the city of Antwerp, on the left bank of the Scheldt. Historically it was a neighborhood which belonged to Zwijndrecht, but on March 19, 1923, it was attached to Antwerp. Linkeroever has a population of approximately 15,000. Before receiving its current name the area was known as "Borger Weert Polder".
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During this time he learned how to forge horseshoes at the blacksmithy in Hippolytushoef. On 31 July 1924 the Amsteldiep was closed by a short dam called the Amsteldiepdijk. In 1930 the Eastern Wieringermeerdijk was completed in the Zuiderzee, and with it the adjacent polder the Wieringermeer. The closing of the Zuiderzee was completed in 1932 by the Afsluitdijk, a large dike which connects Wieringen with Friesland, making it part of the mainland again.
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Klöden lies on the Elbe about 12 km southwest of Jessen and in eastern Saxony-Anhalt. Klöden lies in the middle of the Elbaue, a kind of natural polder, and one of the biggest woodland and meadowland areas in the region. Much of it is still wild, harbouring a great many wild animals such as roe deer, wild boar, fallow deer, Elbe beavers, and many others. The plant life is also quite diverse.
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Spontaneous settlement of interesting flora and fauna turned the area into a nature park, of such importance that the new railway line was diverted. The recent decline in agricultural land use will in time make expanding natural land use possible, and connect the Oostvaardersplassen to the Veluwe. The centre of the polder most closely resembles the prewar polders in that it is almost exclusively agricultural. In contrast, the southeastern part is dominated by extensive forests.
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After the disaster, the dikes were restored and the floodwater was pumped out again and on 15 July 1652, the inhabitants of the Watergraafsmeer paraded through their polder to celebrate that it was dry once again. The storm tide also struck elsewhere in Holland. In Scheveningen, Katwijk and Den Helder, houses were carried away by the waves. The newly constructed dike between the cities of Amsterdam and Haarlem was breached, flooding the area around Haarlem.
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Originally, it was built as a Catholic church, but the pastor of Strijen didn't want to come to the village as he considered the distance as too far. The community found a minister who was willing to hold the services, and therefore the services were of a Protestant nature. In 1602 the embankment of the Nieuw-Cromstrijense polder was finished. Since then, Klaaswaal doesn't have a connection with the Hollands Diep anymore.
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The levee district proved to be financially unable to maintain the dike, however, and the Illinois River reclaimed the polder. The complex alluvial topography that had existed before this intervention was replaced by the broad shallow pool of Chautauqua Lake. In 1936, the federal government acquired the Chautauqua Drainage and Levee District parcel, including the dikes that enclosed the pool, and began to manage it for wildlife-refuge and flood control purposes.
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Map showing the extent of the Marsh, in pale brown. According to the Ontario government Holland Marsh Schedule 3 Greenbelt map, all of Holland Marsh - whether designated agricultural, recreational or wetland - is a specialty soil region.Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing,"Holland Marsh" Greenbelt Map 2005, Schedule 3, retrieved on 09-18-2010. The southernmost polder sits on the lowest lying, flat area, consisting of , of the Lake Simcoe Watershed region.
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It also carries the brake wheel which has 61 cogs. This drives the wallower (31 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 43 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 41 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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Le Maire served for the VOC starting around 1630 in Malabar followed by Moçambique and Hirado. He was the Dutch Opperhoofd at Dejima from 14 February 1641 to 30 October 1641. He was the first "new" chief trader at the island outpost. From 1643 to 1644 he was Governor of Formosa (Taiwan),William Campbell, Formosa Under the Dutch: Described from Contemporary Records, page 62, London, 1903 where a polder was named after him.
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It also carries the brake wheel which has 40 cogs. This drives the wallower (23 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 33 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 27 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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It also carries the brake wheel which has 47 cogs. This drives the wallower (24 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 35 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 34 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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De Bullemolen was originally built at Tytsjerk, where it drained the Louwsmeer polder. It was moved in 1825 to its current position, where it drains the Litspolder. The name De Bullemolen is said to have come from the occupation of an early owner, who was the beul of Leeuwarden. De Bullemolen was one of the first windmills in Friesland to be fitted with sails that had leading edges on the Fok system.
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This drives the wallower (30 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 43 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 38 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder. The axle of the screw is diameter and long.
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His heirs were his son-in-law Hendrick Trip and his daughter Cecilia Godin, and his sons Samuel Godijn (1603-?) the younger (who would inherit the estate in the polder the Beemster). Another daughter, named Johanna (1606–1648), married Jacob Trip, the brother of Hendrick Trip, on 14 February 1634. As both her parents had died, she was assisted by her uncle Daniel Godijn. Godyn's death inventory included several statues, maps, jewels, pearls and paintings.
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Poldervokaal is a vocal ensemble that takes its name after the (Beemster) polder in North Holland, Netherlands. Poldervokaal was created in 1986, and has been led by Maria Rondèl, an international vocal teacher, who brought together a group of her pupils. All 14 members of the ensemble are highly trained singers, and the group strives to perform at a semi-professional level. All performance are done by heart, and without a director.
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Dyked land becomes innengroden. As a result of draining the fertile soil compacts and, over time, can sink until it is below sea level. The rising sea level in front of the dyke and the sinking of the old, now drained, sea areas behind the dyke leads to further dykes being built at an ever-higher level to enclose the newly dyked areas of marsh. In this way a so-called "polder staircase" is formed.
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In aeroacoustics, Lighthill's eighth power law states that the power of the sound created by a turbulent motion, far from the turbulence, is proportional to the eighth power of the characteristic turbulent velocity. The ordered phase of the two- dimensional Ising model exhibits an inverse eighth power dependence of the order parameter upon the reduced temperature. The Casimir–Polder force between two molecules decays as the inverse eighth power of the distance between them.
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The original water boards differed much from each other in the organisation, power, and area that they managed. The differences were often regional and were dictated by differing circumstances, whether they had to defend a sea dike against a storm surge or keep the water level in a polder within bounds. In the middle of the 20th century there were about 2,700 water control boards. After many mergers there are currently 27 water boards left.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 50 cogs. This drives the wallower (31 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 41 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 35 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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There is no consensus about the exact historical background of the polder model. In general there are three views on this subject. One explanation points to the rebuilding of the Netherlands after World War II. Corporatism was an important feature of Christian Democratic, and particularly Catholic, political thought. During the postwar period, the Catholic, Protestant, Christian, social-democratic, and liberal parties decided to work together to reconstruct the Netherlands, as did unions and employers' organizations.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 55 cogs. This drives the wallower (30 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 42 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 36 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 37 cogs. This drives the wallower (18 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 29 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 32 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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Coats of arms to Groeneveld Groeneveld is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located to the west of the city of Delft. The municipality covered the Groeneveldse Polder, northwest of De Lier, and contained no towns or villages; only the hamlet of Lierhand. The municipality of Groeneveld was split off from 't Woud in 1817, and only existed until 1855, when it became part of Hof van Delft.
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Northwest of present-day Nieuw-Vennep lay the island Vennip or Vennep, to which Nieuw-Vennep owes its name, meaning "New Vennep". Nieuw-Vennep is one of two towns officially founded after the lake Haarlemmermeer was made into a dry land polder in 1852. The other town was Hoofddorp, at the time still named Kruisdorp. Until 1868 Nieuw-Vennep was called Venneperdorp, both towns have used their current name since that time.
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In 1742, on top of the Noorderdijk, a windmill was built. The settlement center which arose there was named De Molens, and five other windmills appeared around the same time and ensured the draining of the polder. More houses appeared around these mills than in the ribbon shaped village. With the construction of the church in 1812, that tendency became stronger, and "Wieringerwaard" meant the village round the mills, and the placename De Molens disappeared.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 45 cogs. This drives the wallower (23 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 35 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 30 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 35 cogs. This drives the wallower (18 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 30 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 31 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 48 cogs. This drives the wallower (27 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 43 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 40 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 55 cogs. This drives the wallower (29 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 39 cogs, drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 35 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 60 cogs. This drives the wallower (30 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 36 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 37 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 48 cogs. This drives the wallower (25 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 36 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 33 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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In the second half of the 19th century, the Dutch population was exploding, and there was an increasing need for land for agriculture and animal husbandry. The Dutch already had centuries of experience of building dikes around lakes, emptying them and converting them to fertile polderland. The next large project was to convert the Zuiderzee into polder. In 1886, a few notables established the Zuiderzee Society to investigate whether reclamation was feasible.
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View from the dyke The Rheiderland consists largely of marshland (polder) and is as flat as the rest of East Frisia, but there are fewer trees. As a result the view is generally clear as far as the horizon. Along the River Ems are the historic river marshes, down to 1.50 metres below sea level. Numerous birds breed on the damp and wet meadows including the peewit, black-tailed godwit and redshank.
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Much of the submerged land was reclaimed from the sea as a polder, a process which continued until the 20th century. From 1413 the area fell under the dominion of the Tom Brok family, and subsequently of Focko Ukena and then the Cirksena family. The area was later only independent for a brief period. The same fate befell what is now the German part of Rheiderland, which became part of the County of East Frisia.
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In the early years of the Meiji Restoration, the offices and conventional practices remained in place during the initial period when nothing else had been contrived to replace the existing Tokugawa system. For example, the commander-in-chief of artillery under the early Meiji government was called the Hohei-bugyō.Van de Polder, Léon. (1891). "Abridged History of the Copper Coins of Japan," Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan p. 419-500.
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The Doel polder site is unique to Belgium and dates back to the Eighty Years War (1568-1648). The typical checkerboard pattern dates from 1614, when these geometric farmlands were first mapped, and they have seen little change over the years. This fact makes the village a rare example of regional urbanization. The village has many historic buildings, including the oldest stone windmill of the country (1611), and the only windmill on a sea wall.
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' (; , ) is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of proper and the former communes of Beerst, Esen, Kaaskerke, Keiem, Lampernisse, Leke, Nieuwkapelle, Oostkerke, Oudekapelle, Pervijze, Sint-Jacobs-Kapelle, Stuivekenskerke, Vladslo and Woumen. Most of the area west of the city is a polder riddled with drainage trenches. The major economic activity of the region is dairy farming, producing the famous butter of .
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The Ringvaart (Dutch meaning "ring canal") is a true circular canal surrounding the Haarlemmermeer polder and forms the boundary of the Haarlemmermeer municipality. Ringvaart is also the name of the dike bordering the canal. Construction of the canal began in 1839 as the first step to reclaim land from Haarlemmermeer (Dutch for Haarlem's Lake). Thousands of laborers dug a canal through the existing land, as much as possible closely following the lake's contour.
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The removed earth was used to build a ring dike from 30 to 50 metres (30 to 54 yd) wide around the polder. The Ringvaart is used for commercial and recreational boat traffic. A portion of it forms part of the sailroute from Hollands Diep to the IJsselmeer, passable for ships with masts over 6 meters (20 ft) tall. Near Roelofarendsveen, the Ringvaart crosses the A4 Highway by means of a navigable aqueduct.
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Part of the former island was reclaimed from the sea in 1701. In the southern part of the new polder, a new hamlet grew: Nieuw- Bommenede. In the middle of the 19th century, it had about 410 inhabitants. The municipality of Bommenede in 1866 Bommenede was a separate heerlijkheid, and later a separate municipality (also called "Bommenede en Bloois"), until it was merged with the municipality of Zonnemaire on January 4, 1866.
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There are two pumps at Skeldon. These push the water to the long Sandaka Canal then into the sugarcane cultivation area. At the long Manarabisi Canal there are two pumps and three pumps at the 7 mile (10 km) long Black Bush Polder. When all these pumps are in operation during the irrigation season, the level of water in the Canje River drops and a sufficient volume of water cannot be supplied.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 54 cogs. This drives the wallower (25 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 30 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 29 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 59 cogs. This drives the wallower (33 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 43 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 40 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 65 cogs. This drives the wallower (32 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 37 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 36 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 65 cogs. This drives the wallower (33 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 47 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 44 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder.
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Between 900 and 1000 AD a salt marsh levee existed on the north side of Marneslenk. Levees formed banks around salt marshes and channels, when the highest possible tides flooded the area and deposited sediment preferentially. The region of the Marne, Westergo, was the first place in the world to build dykes and polders. One of the first four polders, a "mother polder" was built by enclosing an area of land with dykes.
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It also carries the brake wheel which has 47 cogs. This drives the wallower (24 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 31 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 32 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which was used to drain the polder.
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The island was named after two merchants from Hamburg, the brothers Rudolf and Arnold Amsinck. They were granted a privilege to purchase and maintain land in the northeastern area of Strand island, where they constructed dikes in the years 1624 to 1628. The newly secured land was called the Amsinck polder. However, the Burchardi Flood of 1634 destroyed the dikes, leaving only one artificial dwelling hill with "Hamburger Haus" [Hamburg house] on it intact.
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The earliest record of a mill on the previous site was on a map published by W Eekhorn in 1849. The current mill was built in 1896 and drained polder Krieke. The mill is recorded as having been restored in 1960 and again in 1976, however it spent most of the 1980s and 1990s without sails. In 2009 it was moved to its current location, restoration to working order was finished in 2011.
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It also carries the brake wheel which has 43 cogs. This drives the wallower (22 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 33 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 32 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which was used to drain the polder.
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Lelystad was large enough to be organized as a separate municipality on January 1, 1980. Though agriculture was initially the main purpose of the polder, needs of the post- war period changed the design goals of the new polders. Changing agricultural needs and increased motorised mobility meant many farming villages were unnecessary and the number of towns was eventually reduced to two. Work on the village of Larsen was just about to start when it was cancelled.
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The municipality of Zeewolde was founded in 1984 and is therefore one of the youngest in the Netherlands. Before 1984, the area was administrated by the (OLZIJ) (), founded by the Dutch national government after the province of Flevoland was created. The name 'Zeewolde' was always meant to be used during the planning stages, but on various locations. Zeewolde's first inhabitants were the so- called 'pioneers', moving in from the 'old land' to the newly created polder in 1979.
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In 2003, the municipality made a new Structuurplan which started development of three new settlements: Overgooi in the southeast, Almere-Hout in the east, and Almere-Poort in the West. In time, Almere-Pampus could be developed in the northwest, with possibly a new bridge over the IJmeer towards Amsterdam. The Oostvaardersplassen is a landscape of shallow pools, islets, and swamps. Originally, this low part of the new polder was destined to become an industrial area.
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He was considered a supporter of the country's polder model, an approach that brings together employers, trade unions and government experts to negotiate wages and working conditions. Despite his earlier activities for the CNV trade union confederation, his relationship with the country's trade unions proved difficult. In 2004, he withstood a vote of no confidence brought by the opposition Social Democratic, Socialist and Green parties. In 2007, de Geus was appointed deputy secretary-general of the OECD.
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The Croesor Tramway ran from the wharves at Porthmadog to the quarries at the head of Cwm Croesor. The southern end of the line connected to the Ffestiniog Railway near a timber yard at Cornhill. The line swung to the north and ran through the western edge of the town. North of the Snowdon Mill it crossed the Cambrian Railways Machynlleth-Pwllheli line on the level before heading north across Traeth Mawr - the great polder behind The Cob.
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Hans J. van Ommeren Dekker (born January 18, 1947, in Amsterdam, Netherlands) is a Dutch theoretical physicist in the line of Dirk Polder, Ralph Kronig, and Nico van Kampen. His scientific work inter alia involves laser theory, path integrals in curved spaces, nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, dissipation in quantum mechanics, and hydrodynamic turbulence. He is director of the Private Institute for Advanced Study and professor emeritus at the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of Amsterdam.
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The polder formed a natural redoubt with its dike acting as a rampart and its circular drainage canal as a moat.Krayenhoff, pp. 105–108 The straight and narrow road through Krabbendam formed one of the few easy entries, but it was easily defensible also. The original plan had this entry point attacked by both Batavian divisions, but because Daendels' division was forced to take a more easterly route, only the division of Dumonceau was brought to bear.
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Annotation of ADEOS II and its instruments The satellite was equipped with five primary instruments - Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR), Global Imager (GLI), Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer-II (ILAS-II), Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances (POLDER), and SeaWinds. These instruments were designed to monitor Earth's water cycle, study biomass in the carbon cycle, and detect trends in long-term climate change. The mission was established to continue the work undertaken by ADEOS I between 1996 and 1997.
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In 1975, a dyke was built between Enkhuizen and Lelystad as northern boundary of the Markerwaard, a planned but never realized polder in the IJsselmeer. This dyke, the Houtribdijk or Markerwaarddijk, split the IJsselmeer in two parts. The former southern part of the IJsselmeer is now the hydrologically separate Markermeer. The proposed polderisation of the Markerwaard was abandoned after many of the Dutch population did not want the loss of the traditional seaside (now lakeside) environment and vistas.
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Easter Island, deforested. According to Jared Diamond: "Among past societies faced with the prospect of ruinous deforestation, Easter Island and Mangareva chiefs succumbed to their immediate concerns, but Tokugawa shoguns, Inca emperors, New Guinea highlanders, and 16th century German landowners adopted a long view and reafforested."Diamond, Jared (2005) "The world as a polder: what does it all mean to us today?" pp. 522–523 in Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive, Penguin Books. .
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The Sophia Polder originated as an area of marshes in the , blocked off by the (1788) as part of works to improve navigability of the Western Scheldt. Naturally occurring silting was here accelerated by the Bakkerdam's construction. Around 1800, the land was gifted to Dominique Vandamme as a reward for his military exploits on behalf of the empire. In 1807, a further damming exercise took place under orders from General Vandamme (which also gave rise to the .
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Both new places were located on the Polder, but were closer than the former field in Noord. In the early years of the grounds there was no actual stadium, there were no stands, no water and the players would change and get ready in a bar nearby. The first stands were built in 1911 with covered seating on one side, and standing tribunes on the other. In 1916 the stands were built behind both goal lines.
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In special cases, such as land reclamation from the sea, a river or a lake (e.g. a polder), new land can indeed be created and sold where it did not exist before, adding to fixed assets. The GFCF measure always applies to the resident enterprises of a national territory, and thus if e.g. oil exploration occurs in the open seas, the associated new fixed investment is allocated to the national territory in which the relevant enterprises are resident.
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After the battle Russian and British reinforcements arrived in Den Helder and the Anglo- Russian forces soon amounted to 40,000 men. The Duke of York, having assumed supreme command of the Anglo-Russian expeditionary force, decided to exploit this numerical superiority. He made an attempt to break out of his bridgehead in the Zijpe polder on 19 September. This resulted in the Battle of Bergen (1799) which, though ending in a tactical draw, failed to attain the British objectives.
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In 1936 the construction of the village began, a few years after the reclamation of the polder. Because of an employment project that was subsidised by the state, inhabitants from all over the country came to the Wieringermeer to help build an infrastructure. In only short time houses, shops, churches and schools rose in Wieringerwerf. Near the town a "terp" was built, an artificial hill that could serve as a refuge in case of an eventual bursting of the IJsselmeer dike.
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Tjeu Teeuwen and Francis Bach Kolling, Ad Snijders, Eindhoven: Galerie Willy Schoots, 1990, p. 69 The “second Lennarts” was born in the 1970s, when the artist presented cheerful landscapes executed in a calligraphic manner to the public. This period was marked by the artist’s philosophic readings of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Martin Heidegger and the questions that he posed to himself. Empty places populate the paintings of this second phase: polder landscapes, empty park stations, empty trains, parks and house interiors.
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Once reclaimed, Purmer was given to farming, but the polder is now highly urbanised. Most of this urban sprawl is due to the town of Purmerend, which has derived its name from Purmer (the "end of Purmer"). During the 1980s and '90s Purmerend had two residential areas built in Purmer, Purmer-Noord and Purmer-Zuid. In contrast to Beemster and Schermer, Purmer is not a municipality in its own right, being divided among the municipalities of Purmerend, Edam-Volendam, and Waterland.
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The municipal boundaries are for a large part defined by the river Waal to the south, the river Rhine to the North and the Amsterdam- Rhine Canal to the west. Because of the location between the two rivers the area is as narrow as near Opheusden. The area is basically a polder, dikes protect the former floodplain from flooding. Since it was a floodplain the area is relatively flat and the soil is mainly clay with layers of sand and gravel underneath.
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The last land reclamation took place in 1947–1950 with the construction of the Störtebeker dyke, which enclosed the Leybucht Polder and the coast line was straightened. In the following years there were plans to reclaim the entire bay in order to shorten the line of dykes significantly and to improve coastal protection. This measure was eventually rejected on nature conservation grounds.. Only a few, small coastal defence measures were implemented (e. g. the reclamation of the Leyhörn in 1991).
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Amron's clients and stockists include OXO International, Polder, Whitney Museum of American Art, MoMA, NASA, and Target Corporation. Amron is best known for his Brush & Rinse Toothbrush I.D. Magazine Interview (voted best concept of 2007 by I.D. Magazine),Treehugger Die Electric OFF Switch,Treehugger Endo Magnet,Yahoo Tech Blog and Cash Money Clip.Core77 His work has been praised for dismissing preconceived notions of how we are "supposed" to interact with basic objects.Burnlab Lab Report His experimental product designs promote sustainability and change perspectives.
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View of Brandwijk Windmills near Kinderdijk Polder and cycling-bridge near Streefkerk Molenwaard Molenwaard is derived from 'molen' (mill) and 'waard' (flat riverland). The flat municipality of Molenwaard consists of a lot of windmills. is a former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the southeastern part of the province of South Holland, and the northwestern part of the region of Alblasserwaard. It was the result of a merger of the municipalities of Graafstroom, Liesveld, and Nieuw-Lekkerland on 1 January 2013.
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This L-vocalization established a pattern that would influence the spelling pronunciations of some relatively more recent loanwords like Balt, Malta, waltz, Yalta, and polder. It also influenced English spelling reform efforts, explaining the American English mold and molt vs. the traditional mould and moult. Certain words of more recent origin or coining, however, do not have the change and retain short vowels, including Al, alcohol, bal, Cal, calcium, gal, Hal, mal-, pal, Sal, talc, Val, doll, Moll, and Poll.
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He left for Batavia on the "Grimmestein" on 4 January 1706, arriving later that year. After his appointment in 1720 to the Council of the Indies, he was sent, in 1722 and 1723, to supervise the gold- and silver-mines in Parang province. Subsequently, he became (in 1723) chairman of the College van Heemraden (i.e. drainage board, comparable to a polder board in the Dutch Republic), which was responsible for the management of land outside the city, including supervision of boundaries.
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He then asked himself what would happen if there were two mirrors – rather than two molecules – facing each other in a vacuum. It was this work that led to his famous prediction of an attractive force between reflecting plates. The work by Casimir and Polder opened up the way to a unified theory of van der Waals and Casimir forces and a smooth continuum between the two phenomena. This was done by Lifshitz (1956) in the case of plane parallel dielectric plates.
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The canal was dug after 1612 when the canal belt was created south of the Brouwersgracht. The remains of a lock can be recognized on the Prinsengracht side. That lock was necessary because the water of the Prinsengracht (along with the rest of the Jordaan Canals) remained at the polder level, while the water level in the Leliegracht, Keizersgracht and Herengracht was at the higher city level. Six of the eleven Jordanian canals were filled in in the 19th century.
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In 1945 German forces occupying the Netherlands planned to destroy the Zuiderzee Works to cover their retreat. Military reasons for this are still unclear, but it may have been done to deny the Allies a landing area for airborne troops or gliders. In preparation for this flooding, the water level of the IJsselmeer was deliberately raised. The level in the IJsselmeer was above the ground level of Wieringerpolder at the site of the breach, and varied between above, across the polder.
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The first dikes and water control structures were built and maintained by those directly benefiting from them, mostly farmers. As the structures got more extensive and complex councils were formed from people with a common interest in the control of water levels on their land and so the first water boards began to emerge. These often controlled only a small area, a single polder or dike. Later they merged or an overall organization was formed when different water boards had conflicting interests.
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Important institutions of the polder model, like the SER, were founded in this period. No single political party has ever had anything approaching an overall majority in parliament, so coalition government is inevitable. This makes parties extremely cautious, since today's enemy may be tomorrow's ally, all the more so in present times when the "death of ideology" has made it possible for almost all the parties to work together. Another explanation points to the dependency of the Netherlands on the international economy.
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Until the 1950s the village did not have an official name and was called Bennebroekerbuurt, which means neighbourhood of Bennebroek. Later, this name was changed to Zwaanshoek, which means swan corner, because of the number of wild swans that were to be found. Initially, Zwaanshoek was just a small line of buildings along the dyke circling the Haarlemmermeer and along the road leading into the polder. In the 1970s and 80’s the village got bigger, when new buildings were constructed.
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Highway 69 (later nicknamed "Hell's Highway") leading through the planned route was two lanes wide, partly raised above a surrounding flat terrain of polder or floodplain. The ground on either side of the highway was in places too soft to support tactical vehicle movement and there were numerous dikes and drainage ditches. Dikes tended to be topped by trees or large bushes, and roads and paths were lined with trees. In early autumn this meant that observation would be seriously restricted.
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The marshy soils are very fertile, but higher as a result of the way they were created historically and therefore capable of being farmed. The farmers used to be well-to-do (and known as "polder princes" or Polderfürsten), which is reflected today by their impressive Gulf farmhouses. In the south of the Rheiderland there were also areas of moorland, the outliers of the Bourtanger Moor. Apart from a small residual area of moor near Wymeer, the moors have now been destroyed.
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Vacuum energy has a number of consequences. In 1948, Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder predicted the existence of a tiny attractive force between closely placed metal plates due to resonances in the vacuum energy in the space between them. This is now known as the Casimir effect and has since been extensively experimentally verified. It is therefore believed that the vacuum energy is "real" in the same sense that more familiar conceptual objects such as electrons, magnetic fields, etc.
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The first mile of the line out of Porthmadog runs atop an embankment called the Cob, which is the dyke of the Traeth Mawr polder. The Festiniog Railway Company, which owns the railway, is the oldest surviving railway company in the world. It also owns the Welsh Highland Railway, which was re-opened fully in 2011. The two railways share the same track gauge and meet at Porthmadog station, with occasional trains working the entire route from Blaenau Ffestiniog to Caernarfon.
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As an incorporated subdistrict Neuwesteel still has a parish chairman (Ortsvorsteher), who represents the concerns of the roughly 340 inhabitants to the borough of Norden. Because the dyked polder soil is very fertile, the region was used from the very beginning for agricultural purposes. Cattle farming and crops predominate, especially the cultivation of potatoes. In Neuwesteel is the Leybucht Pumping Station, part of the Drainage Association of Norden, which ensures that the lower lying areas are drained via the Norder Tief.
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In 1946 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. While at Philips NatLab, in 1948 Casimir, collaborating with Dirk Polder, predicted the quantum mechanical attraction between conducting plates now known as the Casimir effect, which has important consequences in Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), among others. He was awarded six honorary doctor degrees by universities outside the Netherlands. He received numerous awards and prizes, among them the illustrious IRI Medal from the Industrial Research Institute in 1976.
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Despite this, there is some doubt as to the physical origin of quantum reflection from solid surfaces. As was briefly mentioned above, the potential in the intermediate region between the regions dominated by the Casimir-Polder and Van der Waals interactions requires an explicit Quantum Electrodynamical calculation for the particular state and type of atom incident on the surface. Such a calculation is very difficult. Indeed, there is no reason to suppose that this potential is solely attractive within the intermediate region.
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For example, some municipalities of Friesland such as Dantumadiel have characteristics typical of the Bible Belt. Similarly Urk, considered by many as one of the most traditional communities in the country, is separated from the Bible Belt by the Noordoostpolder which is a polder created in 1942. The various conservative orthodox calvinist denominations and splinter groups have a combined official membership of about 400,000 people, approximately 2.5% of the entire population, although other sources estimates their share at about 7%.
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The first actual stadium the team played in was built out of necessity by honorary club member Daan Roodenburgh. Due to city planning, and housing development occurring on the club's field of choice in Amsterdam-Noord, two available pitches had been located on the Middenweg in Watergraafsmeer, Amsterdam-Oost. Situated on the polder, the new location offered a location much closer to the city center. Initially without stands, dressing rooms or running Water, amenities were provided from the Café Brokelmann across the Street.
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In the Netherlands, one of the earliest large-scale land reclamation projects was the Beemster Polder, realized in 1612 adding 70 km2 of land. The Flevopolder, reclaimed from the IJsselmeer, is the largest reclaimed artificial island in the world. Dutch hydraulic engineering (flood control, drainage, land reclamation, and canal building) helped form many urban areas of the world such as Friedrichstadt, Gdańsk/Danzig, Gothenburg, Jakarta, and Saint Petersburg. Skilled in the art of land reclamation, the Dutch were in demand all over Europe.
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Fairly all of the west Netherlands is composed of the Rhine-Meuse river estuary, but human intervention greatly modified the natural processes at work. Most of the western Netherlands is below sea level due to the human process of turning standing bodies of water into usable land, a polder. In the east of the Netherlands, remains are found of the last ice age, which ended approximately ten thousand years ago. As the continental ice sheet moved in from the north, it pushed moraine forward.
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Out of an idealistic belief in art for everyone, and scepticism about the art world, he devoted himself to what was then called 'non-formal education'.Van Duyn, Edna en Witteveen, Fransjozef, Boezem Oeuvre Catalogus, Bussum 1999, 69 In the 1980s he worked on several major projects in which the landscape plays an important role. His greatest and most important project in this period is The Green Cathedral (1978–1987). For this artwork, 174 Italian poplars have been planted in a polder landscape in Flevoland.
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The two main drainage canals to traverse the dike could be closed by weirs in such a flooding event. The eastern polder was planned to be the first, and the encircling dike began to take form in 1951. It progressed until the North Sea flood of 1953 struck the south-western Netherlands. Workers and machinery were transferred there for repair work (additional work here was part of the Delta Works). Work on Eastern Flevoland resumed in 1954 and the dike was closed on September 13, 1956.
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The river formerly flowed from the Haarlemmermeer (Haarlem Lake) to the IJ, which used to extend from the Zuiderzee all the way to Velsen. In the 13th century, a dam with locks was constructed at the mouth of the Spaarne where the village of Spaarndam then formed. After a century of planning, Haarlem's Lake was pumped dry in 3 years from 1850–1853 and made into a polder. The Spaarne became a branch of the Ringvaart, lost much of its flow, and became shallower.
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The finals of that talent show were held on 2 March 1955 in Hotel Krasnapolsky, and were won by a singing bartender, Jan van Musscher, also known as Johnny Jordaan. Helena Jansen-Polder, better known as Tante Leen, finished second. Johnny Jordaan recorded "Bij ons in de Jordaan" and "De parel van de Jordaan" two days later, and the single was an instant success. The real breakthrough, though, was "Geef mij maar Amsterdam", a Pi Vèriss composition that Johnny Jordaan recorded the same year.
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In the Netherlands, the bordering lakes (in Dutch: Randmeren) are a chain of lakes which separate the Flevopolder from the ancient lands of the provinces of Gelderland and Utrecht and the Noordoostpolder.Wateralmanak 2009: Vaargegevens, ANWB, 2009, p. 329 Strictly speaking, these 'lakes' are not separated from each other, but are a continuous narrow body of water between the old and the new polder lands, divided in name only into different lakes. Physically the dividing point may be a bridge, a lock or nothing material.
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Later historians complain about his longhand, which is far less legible than that of Van Goch. This makes the study of the registers of the States-General unduly onerous for the years in which Musch was chief clerk. Besides this important office on the federal level, he also acquired offices on the local level, like hoogheemraad (a member of the governing body) of the polder Delfland (1643) and groot baljuw of Het Vrije van Staats Vlaanderen (an area in present-day Zeelandic Flanders; 1645).
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Around 800 AD, the area that was the municipality of Schermer was covered in peat, and a small river called the Schermer flowed through it. Because of peat-digging by man, and storm floods, this small river had by 1250 developed into an inland lake with an open connection with the Zuyderzee. In the 17th century private investors started draining the largest part of the lake, leaving the southern part, the Alkmaardermeer, intact. In 1635, of polder was drained, whereupon the land was divided among the shareholders.
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The polder model in the Netherlands is characterized by tri-partite cooperation between employers' organizations such as VNO-NCW, labour unions such as the FNV, and the government. These talks are embodied in the Social Economic Council (Dutch: Sociaal-Economische Raad, SER). The SER serves as the central forum to discuss labour issues and has a long tradition of consensus, often defusing labour conflicts and avoiding strikes. Similar models are in use in Finland, namely Comprehensive Income Policy Agreement and universal validity of collective labour agreements.
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In the periods 1812 - 1817 and 1832 - 1984, the hamlet of Cillaarshoek and the hamlet and polder of Sint Anthoniepolder were also part of the municipality of Maasdam.Gemeentegeschiedenis.nl, "Maasdam" Hoge Raad van Adel, "Gemeente Maasdam" The municipality of Maasdam was eventually merged with some surrounding municipalities to become part of the new municipality of Binnenmaas. The exception was Cillaarshoek which was split and partly merged into the existing municipality of Strijen.Ad van der Meer and Onno Boonstra, "Repertorium van Nederlandse gemeenten vanaf 1812", KNAW, 2nd Ed, 2011.
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The breach in the dyke at Houtewael The storm tide during the night of 4–5 March 1651 primarily struck the Dutch Zuiderzee coast. In the Netherlands, it was considered the heaviest storm tide to hit the shores in 80 years. The dikes protecting the east of Amsterdam broke in a number of places, flooding the Watergraafsmeer polder and much of the city of Amsterdam. Two gaps struck in the Zeeburgerdijk dike left two ponds in what is now the Indische Buurt neighbourhood of eastern Amsterdam.
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Holland Marsh, a region of #9 humus soil, is located partly in Bradford West Gwillimbury. The town, along with the Township of King is the governing body responsible for the maintenance of the drainage system of this source of Canada's produce supply. In 2007 a Holland Marsh Drainage System Joint Municipal Board was created in response to a crisis of maintenance of the Holland Marsh Drainage System. The Holland River flows through the middle of the southernmost Holland Marsh polder and eventually flows out to Lake Simcoe.
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The Biesbosch was created when 300 square kilometres of polder lands were submerged in the St. Elizabeth flood in the year 1421. Before this, the area was called Grote Hollandse Waard, containing cultivated land and a number of villages. The more than a century old dikes collapsed because of lack of maintenance, due to the difficult economic situation in the area, and the difficulties between the political entities within (especially the Hook and Cod (civil) wars). The Grote Waard in 1421, just before the St. Elizabeth flood.
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In 2006 the area had been furnished with higher dikes and locks that allowed a controlled flooding of the polder and some adjacent areas. The Bossche Broek is now a nature reserve, that stretches all the way to Vught. It is connected to the Moerputten and Vlijmens Ven, with which it forms a Natura 2000 area. Rare species in the area are the scarce large blue and the European weather loach, but what is really unique about the area is its proximity to a city center.
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Badhoevedorp is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies next to the Ringvaart around Haarlemmermeer ('the canal around the former Lake Harlem') at the side of the polder bordering Amsterdam / Amstelveen. Badhoevedorp has a population of around 11,370.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Gemeente Op Maat 2004: Haarlemmermeer Notable residents include Björn Ottenheim of the band zZz, former Dutch national team footballer Marco van Basten, Jack van Gelder, Tonny Eyk and Toon van Driel.
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Nagele was proposed to be southwest of the main town, and was originally to be planned to contain 300 dwelling units, 3 churches, 3 primary schools, a post office, fire station, hotel, cafes, a clinic, cemetery, sports field, swimming pool and business zone. Aldo van Eyck proposed that the town be designed around 3 principles: 1. a non-hierarchical organization with mixed social groups, 2. a windbreak of trees to give the village a spatial character and stand out in the polder landscape, and 3.
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Van de Polder began acting at the age of ten and his first starring role was a titular role in the 2004 movie Tow Truck Pluck. Afterwards, he appeared in the 2006 movie Crusade in Jeans as Pepin. His next role was Punkjongen in the 2009 movie My Queen Karo. He also played in television series like Van Speyk, Villa Neuzenroode and Grijpstra en de Gier, as well as in the music video of "Deep Blue Sea" by Twarres' Mirjam Timmer and Simple Minds' Jim Kerr.
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Kok was highly praised for his Third Way and polder model philosophies and for the success of leading his Purple Coalitions. During his premiership, his cabinets were responsible for implementing several social reforms, legalizing same-sex marriage and euthanasia,Former Dutch prime minister Wim Kok dies; Euronews; 21 October 2018 stimulating the economy resulting in more employment and privatization and further reducing the deficit. As a result of this, and because of his skills as manager and negotiator, Kok was praised by his fellow European leaders.
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In 2003 Ran Lerner Design Inc. was established, now known as RLD International Inc. Ran Lerner also has design patents to his name. Lerner's clientele include Joseph Joseph, Polder, Umbra, Nambe, Kikkerland, Acme, Yamazaki, Cambridge Silversmiths, Rosenthal, Reed & Barton, Wedgwood, Waterford, Starwood Hotels, Soda Stream, and others. Lerner’s work has been featured in publications such as " 1000 Product Designs: Form, Function, and Technology From Around the World", The New York Times, Food & Wine, ID Magazine, HFN, House & Garden, Gifts & Accessories, Maxim, Forbes, and others.
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The Park’s main river is the Warta, which divides it into two parts - Southern (including the former Słońsk reserve) and Northern - the so-called Northern Polder. In the South, yearly changes in level of water reach up to 4 meters and the Park here serves as a gigantic, seasonal lake for excessive waters. Water level here raises usually late in the fall, but it is the highest in the spring (March–April). The Northern part is rich in various canals and it is separated from the Warta by a levee.
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Van Duyn, Edna en Witteveen, Fransjozef, Boezem Oeuvre Catalogus, Bussum 1999, 61 Like his contemporaries Boezem strove to bring art outside the walls of the museum. Many of his works were not suitable to be placed in a museum. In 1960 Boezem exhibited part of a polder as a ready made. With this artwork, he presented himself for the first time as a "conceptual" artist.Van Duyn, Edna en Witteveen, Fransjozef, Boezem Oeuvre Catalogus, Bussum 1999, 59f From the mid-1970s, Boezem began to work out his conceptual ideas in sculpture.
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The area was divided among the mainland municipalities according to the boundaries used when it was water-covered. This configuration was not always practical on the ground and unnecessarily split responsibilities among several bodies. The first solution was a form of government called an openbaar lichaam or "public body", a complicated arrangement which incorporated both the government body in charge of the actual development and an appointed committee responsible for public governance. As the polder became more populated, the demand for representation increased until finally on July 1, 1941 the municipality of Wieringermeer was established.
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At the heart of the Noordoostpolder, where the three main drainage canals intersect, is the town of Emmeloord (1943). Planned to be the first and the only major town of the polder, it serves as the local governmental and services center. Ten smaller villages, conceived more as agricultural communities, were planned in a wide circle around Emmeloord, at a distance chosen to be easily covered by bicycle. The first settlements were Ens, Marknesse and Kraggenburg (1949), followed by Luttelgeest (1950), Bant (1951), then Creil and Rutten (1953), and finally Espel, Tollebeek, and Nagele (1956).
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Subsequently, the construction activity started on shore in 2013 and near shore in 2014.Windpark Noordoostpolder: Wind farm history The wind farm is located along the dikes of the IJsselmeer on the western side of the North East Polder. A total of 86 wind turbines have been erected; 48 are sited near-shore (Siemens, 3 MW) and 38 onshore (Enercon E-126, 7.5 MW), for a combined generating capacity of 429 megawatts. The wind farm produces 1.4 TWh of electricity annually, enough to provide electricity to some 400,000 households.
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In order to safely pass this turn, sailboats transporting goods on the river in the 17th century had to tack their sails (overstag gaan or omvallen in Dutch) to change direction. An etching by Rembrandt, who was known to be working in the area, depicts the Omval area in the mid-1600s. The print shows a man standing on the Amstel embankment and two lovers sitting underneath an old willow tree, as well as a windmill used to pump water from the polder. In Rembrandt's time, the Omval was a popular countryside recreation area.
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S.V. Coronie Boys were the first club from the Coronie District to compete in the SVB Hoofdklasse, breaking ground at the top flight in 1957. The team won the Randdistrictentoernooi in 1989, and won the Interdistrictentoernooi the following year. In the 1994–95 season Coronie Boys finished as the league runner-up to S.V. Robinhood. They also finished as runner's up in the Suriname President's Cup to Robinhood that same year, The team currently play their home games at the Letitia Vriesde Sportcomplex on the Totness polder to a capacity of 1,000 people.
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Nieuw- en Sint Joosland arose in the seventeenth century, during the time the 'Sloe', the water that split Walcheren in two, began to bog down and the area began to be interesting for polders. In 1603 the city Middelburg buys part of the salt marsh, to sell it in 1644 to the mayor. In 1631 the 'Oud-Sint Jooslandpolder' arises, followed by the 'Middelburgse polder' in 1644. A small core arises in the 'Oud-Sint Jooslandpolder', the actual 'Sint Joosland', but it didn't get any bigger; this hamlet is now called 'Oudedorp'.
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Much money has been spent for land amelioration projects involving the installation of drainage pipes, the straightening and deepening of natural streams, the digging of drainage ditches, and the construction of polder dams. During the 1960s and 1970s, drainage work absorbed about one-third of all agricultural investments in Latvia. Although accounting for only one-third of 1% of the territory, Latvia was responsible for 11% of all artificially drained land in the former Soviet Union. An additional problem associated with precipitation is the difficulty of early mechanized sowing and harvesting because of waterlogged fields.
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In 1715, George Albert issued the world's first Stallion Inspection Regulation. In 1729-1730 Prince George Albert built a port at Carolinensiel,A siel is a kind of lock with a single set of doors; it was used to maintain a constant water level in the dock, allowing the water of the river Harle to flow out into the North Sea at low tide, without letting the North Sea water into the polder at high tide. now a museum harbor. The port was named after his second wife, Sophie Caroline.
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A wind farm in the Desmerciereskoog polder North Frisia is now part of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein with all of it except for Heligoland contained within the district of Nordfriesland. The district extends beyond the traditional area of North Frisia to the south and east. Today there are more than 60 wind farms with a capacity of about 700 MW in North Frisia, and 90 percent are community-owned. North Frisia is seen to be a model location for community wind energy, leading the way for other regions, especially in southern Germany.
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In the late Roman or early post-Roman period, the Glen escaped from its artificial Roman course of which the Bourne Old Ea was part. (The road follows the bank of this while leaving Bourne) and found its way to these tidal flats. Later, at some early but unknown medieval date, the marsh was turned into a polder of sorts and the Glen was directed along the old sea bank which then became one of the river banks. Thus, the course of the road was determined ultimately, by that of the sea bank.
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At that time it was open countryside, a polder reclaimed in medieval times, but the land was increasingly being sold for development. These new developments were cheaply constructed, and they attracted a less affluent class of people.Naifeh and Smith (2011) p.272-73 Today the urban conurbation extends a further three miles east, although there remains an extensive park and woodlands just north of the Schenkweg called the Haagse Bos, one of the last remaining stretches of ancient forest in the Netherlands, where van Gogh painted some early studies in August 1882.
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Pumping station at Medemblik in December 1945 Reconstruction followed quickly after the German retreat; by the end of 1945, the polder was declared drained again. The floodwater was fresh water, so the land did not have to be desalinated again. Rebuilding of roads and bridges, houses and farms, was greatly facilitated by the experience of building them the first time. Some building materials were re-used: three million roof tiles were salvaged, many by removing them from the roofs of flooded buildings, also lightening the load on their weakened structures.
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Schiedam was founded in Rotterdam; around the year 1230 the river Schie was dammed by the Lord of Wassenaer and the Amtlord Dirk Bokel of the Amt Mathenesse, this to protect the existing polderland against the seawater from the North Sea. In 1247, Lady Adelaide (Aleida) of Holland married John I, Count of Hainaut. As dowry she received from him the eastern part of the dam together with the adjacent polder. The dam attracted many trade activities because goods for and from the hinterland (Delft, and further away Leiden and Haarlem) had to be transhipped.
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There is a legend that one such Viking was stranded after a raid and settled there. The locals believe this Viking heritage is evidenced by the long-held residence of a seafaring man of "mythic proportions" and wild Scandinavian appearance and demeanour, known to the villagers as "The Bear". Annagassan was once as important as the Viking settlement at Dubh Linn (The Black Pool). The modern village is generally believed to be built on what archaeologists consider to be a man-made polder structure, constructed to provide shelter for the fjord.
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The Gooimeer (Gooi Lake) is a bordering lake in the Netherlands between the southeastern part of North Holland ('t Gooi, het Gooi) and Flevoland. There is a railroad bridge over the narrow west side, between Weesp and Almere Muziekwijk, with a parallel highway bridge, the Hollandse Brug. The narrow eastern border of the lake is crossed by two parallel highway bridges. On the south bank of Gooimeer, which used to be the IJsselmeer, before the creation of the new polder Flevoland, the old cities of Naarden and Huizen can be found.
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Map of Schokland, June 2015 Schokland () is a former island in the Dutch Zuiderzee, in the municipality of Noordoostpolder. Schokland was an elongated strip of peat land which ceased to be an island when the Noordoostpolder was reclaimed from the sea in 1942. It is now just a slightly elevated part of the polder, with a still partly intact retaining wall of the waterfront of Middelbuurt. On 1 April 2014, it had 8 inhabitants, Feiten en cijfers , Municipality of Noordoostpolder but according to Statistics Netherlands there are five people living on the former island.
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Upon his return to the Netherlands in 1524, he settled in Utrecht where he began a successful career as a painter and a teacher. Van Scorel was a very educated man and skilled as an engineer and an architect, as well as an artist. He was also multi-lingual, no doubt as a result of his travels. He made the plans for building a polder in his native North Holland, called the Zijpe- en Hazepolder, that was later financed by his friend from Antwerp, the merchant Servaes de Haese.
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Delta of the Dutch Randstad on foot of the former Zuiderzee dyke and near drowned castle Hulkestein. The Polder oasis Nekkeveld estate is an area located in the urban heart of Holland, the Netherlands, near Amsterdam. This green oasis is situated in the delta of the Dutch Randstad, at the foot of the former Zuiderzee dyke and near the drowned Castle Hulkestein, now lake Nijkerkernauw. The natural status of the area is protected for its flora and fauna (water and meadow birds) by regional and European law: Natura 2000.
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The dam will be important in controlling floods and releasing water in the dry season for the planned Zauro polder project downstream in Kebbi State. In August 2009 Governor Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko urged the Federal Government to hasten completion of the irrigation project. The Minority Leader of the Sokoto State House of Assembly, Alhaji Bello Goronyo, said that N4 billion was needed to complete canalisation, but only about N600 million was provided in the 2009 budget. In late August 2010 rainstorms caused the dam to fill to dangerous levels.
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Since the late 16th century, large polder areas are preserved through elaborate drainage systems that include dikes, canals and pumping stations. Nearly 17% of the country's land area is reclaimed from the sea and from lakes. Much of the country was originally formed by the estuaries of three large European rivers: the Rhine (Rijn), the Meuse (Maas) and the Scheldt (Schelde), as well as their tributaries. The south-western part of the Netherlands is to this day a river delta of these three rivers, the Rhine- Meuse-Scheldt delta.
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The modern Netherlands formed as a result of the interplay of the four main rivers (Rhine, Meuse, Schelde and IJssel) and the influence of the North Sea. The Netherlands is mostly composed of deltaic, coastal and eolian derived sediments during the Pleistocene glacial and interglacial periods. Almost all of the west Netherlands is composed of the Rhine-Meuse river estuary, but human intervention greatly modified the natural processes at work. Most of the western Netherlands is below sea level due to the human process of turning standing bodies of water into usable land, a polder.
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Britannica Online Encyclopedia. The St. Elizabeth flood of 1421 and the mismanagement in its aftermath destroyed a newly reclaimed polder, replacing it with the Biesbosch tidal floodplains in the south-centre. The huge North Sea flood of early February 1953 caused the collapse of several dikes in the south-west of the Netherlands; more than 1,800 people drowned in the flood. The Dutch government subsequently instituted a large-scale programme, the "Delta Works", to protect the country against future flooding, which was completed over a period of more than thirty years.
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Centuries of extensive and poorly controlled peat extraction lowered an already low land surface by several metres. Even in flooded areas, peat extraction continued through turf dredging. Because of the flooding, farming was difficult, which encouraged foreign trade, the result of which was that the Dutch were involved in world affairs since the early 14th/15th century.Duplessis, Robert S. (1997) Transitions to Capitalism in Early Modern Europe, Cambridge University Press, A polder at 5.53 metres below sea level To guard against floods, a series of defences against the water were contrived.
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The early medieval chronicles do not make clear exactly where in Vlaardingen the events took place or which manoeuvres the forces made. There have been several theories about the location. According to the latest views, the movements of the troops, the actual battle, and the flight, all occurred in the present Vettenoordse polder: a limited area, measuring about 500 x 500 metres, west and south of the present centre of Vlaardingen. Vlaardingen's town archaeologist Tim de Ridder suggests the church hill in the centre of Vlaardingen as the most obvious place for Dirk III's castle.
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After World War II, the Dutch government decided that a second national airport was needed in addition to Schiphol. Rotterdam had had an airport before the war - Waalhaven airport - but it was heavily damaged in the German bombing of Rotterdam, and was later completely destroyed to prevent it from being used by the Germans. Reconstruction of the airport was not a realistic proposition, so a new location was found in the Zestienhoven polder, giving the airport its name. Construction of the airport began in August 1955 and the airport was officially opened in October 1956.
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MOBY has generated calibrated measurements of ocean color at the sea surface since 1996. MOBY served as the primary sea surface calibration for satellite borne sensors such as the sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS) and the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS). MOBY has contributed to the calibration of the Ocean Color and Temperature Sensor (OCTS), the polarization detection environmental radiometer (POLDER), and the Modular Optoelectronic Scanner (IRS1-MOS). Long term sensors on the sea surface, such as MOBY, help improve the quality of the global ocean color observation system.
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Mathijs Bouman, in the TV studio of the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. Mathijs Nicolaas Bouman (born 1 May 1966) is a Dutch economist and journalist. He is a regular contributor to the TV programs RTL Z and De Wereld Draait Door and writes columns for Het Financieele Dagblad and the business website Z24.nl. A critic of the Dutch Polder model, in which "bad luck is officially forbidden" and "accidents are banned", he is referred to as a market liberalist, and as a prominent opinion builder whose Twitter account is recommended for "peppered" opinions.
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Hamaker's method and the associated Hamaker constant ignores the influence of an intervening medium between the two particles of interaction. In the 1950s Lifshitz developed a description of the VdW energy but with consideration of the dielectric properties of this intervening medium (often a continuous phase). The Van der Waals forces are effective only up to several hundred angstroms. When the interactions are too far apart, the dispersion potential decays faster than 1/r^6; this is called the retarded regime, and the result is a Casimir–Polder force.
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Janieck Devy Van de Polder made his debut as a singer in 2012, where he sent demos of his songs to producers Rowin Schumm and Tjaart Venema of SBV Music Entertainment who wanted to make a track with him, and his official first release was the single "Six String Thing", which was released on December 17. Since then, he began using the stage name "Yannick Devy". In 2013, he released his second single titled "Inspire Me". In July 2014, he released his debut studio album titled Survival Guide, simultaneously with the single "Better Man".
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The Pump House Cruquius, which was used to drain the lake, is a Dutch Rijksmonument for the history of the James Watt steam engine within. The Ringvaart, the Cruquius Pump House, the dike itself, and various other components such as aqueducts, bridges and defense bunkers located south of the dike of the Stelling van Amsterdam (Defense line of Amsterdam) are considered a World Heritage site. The main dike of the Stelling van Amsterdam runs diagonally across the Haarlemmermeer polder and crosses the Ringvaart twice. Fort Vijfhuizen located on the Ringvaart is used for art exhibitions.
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Flora of Kew The name Cô, Caubonne and Caux has appeared on old maps since the early 16th century. In 1783, Jean Samuel Guisan started to polder the Approuage river right up to the then indigenous village. The establishment of the road to Roura, and ecotourism strengthened the economy of the village which was largely dependent on hunting and fishing. In 1998, the Kaw-Roura Marshland Nature Reserve was established, and covers an area of 94,700 hectares between Roura and Régina, and is sometimes nicknamed "the Everglades of Guyana".
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Grazing marshes were created from medieval times by building sea walls (earth banks) across tidal mudflats and salt marsh to make polders (though the term "polder" is little used in Britain). Polders in Britain are mostly drained by gravity, rather than active pumping. The original tidal drainage channels were augmented by new ditches, and flap valves in the sea walls let water drain out at low tide and prevent the sea or tidal river from entering at high tide. Constructing polders in this way is called inning or reclaiming from the sea.
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Jacob van der Meer, was next to be appointed as commander of Ostend 1 April, but the next day the Polder ravelin was assaulted by the Spanish. In a bloody action lasting many hours the position was taken but again the cost had been heavy, the defenders were all killed and very few escaped. On 18 April Spinola ordered another assault this time on the Western ravelin. After a hand to hand action in which great numbers of officers and soldiers were lost on both sides the fort was eventually carried.
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A former railroad track from Wriezen to Neurüdnitz has been resurfaced for bikers. Also popular are the bike routes parallel to or directly along the Oder dike, for example the Oder-Neiße cycle track. ; Flooding The flooded Buków polder on 19 May 2010 (the Oder river is at right) Regulations dating from 1717 as well as the construction of canals, dikes and dams have improved the flow of the Oder river and its arms through the Oderbruch. Nevertheless, the Oderbruch suffered from heavy flooding in 1785, 1838, 1947, 1981/82, 1997 and 2010.
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De Vennip is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It consisted of a small area of land east of Hillegom, and a large part of the Haarlemmermeer lake, including the island of Beinsdorp (which is now the name of a village in the Haarlemmermeer polder). According to the 19th-century historian A.J. van der Aa, De Vennip used to be a manor, and was first mentioned in 1334. The land area of the manor was much larger than, but when the Haarlemmermeer grew, De Vennip became smaller.
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Cherribi is Series Editor at Peter Lang Publishing in New York City. Cherribi is a contributing editor at Global Vision, an international magazine aimed at reporting on business executives and government officials. Subjects of his articles and interviews have included: UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, US President Jimmy Carter, Israeli President Shimon Peres, Irish President Mary Robinson, fashion designer Kenneth Cole and the Dalai Lama. Cherribi researched and drafted two best-selling Dutch books, Moslim en de polder (1997), and Islam en democratie (1994), for then-VVD leader Frits Bolkestein and Mohammed Arkoun.
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His most famous pupil was the young Anthony van Dyck, who soon became the leading Flemish portraitist and collaborated frequently with Rubens. He also often collaborated with the many specialists active in the city, including the animal painter Frans Snyders, who contributed the eagle to Prometheus Bound (c. 1611–12, completed by 1618), and his good friend the flower-painter Jan Brueghel the Elder. Another house was built by Rubens to the north of Antwerp in the polder village of Doel, "Hooghuis" (1613/1643), perhaps as an investment.
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Images of a new polder in the Netherlands The Dutch Polygoon-Profilti was a cinema newsreel company in the Netherlands from 1919 to 1987. It started with weekly news items in the Dutch movie theaters and lasted until 1987 when it finally surrendered to television news shows. The company was founded in 1919 and then made in-between movies for the silent movies of that time. Starting from 1921 it made ordered custom movies like 'the winning of brown coal "Carisborg"' (name translated) or 'Steam wheat mill "Holland" in Amsterdam' (name translated).
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In 1994 he was among awarded at the 31st National Painting Exhibition Bielska Jesień organised by Galeria BWA, and in 2002 he was nominated for the Daniel Chodowiecki Award for Polish drawing and graphic art. In 1991 he moved to Utrecht, Netherlands, where he has since been living and working. In Utrecht, he was commissioned to design several public sculptures, including the balustrade of the bridge over the canal between Bleyenburgstraat and Huizingalaan called Eendjesbrug (2014) and the sculpture titled De Stoel at the Voorveldse Polder Park (2018). He has three children.
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When the German approached the island's three-mile zone, the British forces fired warning shots towards them, while allowing the Danish corvette to stay close. Brommy, not willing to draw the Royal Navy into the war, stayed at a distance while the Danish captain Polder was waiting for the arrival of reinforcements from the Danish main fleet. When the modern steamer Gejser, under Kaptajnløjtnant (captain lieutenant) Jørgen Peter Frederik Wulff, came into sight, Brommy retreated, fearing further Danish reinforcements. The Danes followed the Germans to the mouth of the Elbe near Cuxhaven before resuming the blockade.
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In the 14th century, Kampen exchanged with the bishop of Utrecht, Jan van Arkel, the Mastenbroek polder against the right to increase the IJsseldelta. The silting up of the IJssel brought a gradual end to the prosperity of Kampen from 1430 on. For a long time Kampen did not want to sign a union and make economic and political concessions to other cities, as was usual in the Hanseatic League. When the County of Holland went to war with the Hanseatic League this situation came to an end: the city was forced to choose a side in the war.
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The city of Lelystad, situated in the Eastern Flevoland polder and capital of Flevoland province, was named after him. The flags of the province and of the city are both adorned with a white fleur-de-lys to note his contribution. In the city of Amsterdam "Cornelis Lelylaan", a major thoroughfare, is named after him and Amsterdam Lelylaan, one of the city's main railway stations, is sited on this road. In 1905, the Surinamese village of Kofi Djompo was renamed Lelydorp in his honour; Lely having led the construction of a new railway from Paramaribo that ran through the area.
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The lake's southern tip is 20 km upstream from The Pitt River confluence with the Fraser River and is 40 km east of Downtown Vancouver. Pitt Lake BC The community of Pitt Meadows occupies the marshy lowland at the southern end of the lake, some of which has become drained and is known as the Pitt Polder. Just southwest of the lake is the community of Port Coquitlam, which is across the Pitt River from Pitt Meadows. At the north end of the lake is a locality named Alvin, which is a transport and shipping point for logging companies and their employees.
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During the 2019 National Day Rally Speech, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong predicted that it may cost Singapore at least $100 billion to protect the island from rising sea levels. Possible options for the island-nation include building polders and dykes along the eastern coastline to protect low-lying areas, and reclaiming a series of islands form Marina East to Changi, connecting them with barrages and creating a reservoir. It was also announced that a small polder was being built at Pulau Tekong to protect existing low-lying areas, and to allow the republic to gain some experience operating one.
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These sluice gates are called "aboiteaux". In the Lower Mainland around the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, there are levees (known locally as dikes, and also referred to as "the sea wall") to protect low-lying land in the Fraser River delta, particularly the city of Richmond on Lulu Island. There are also dikes to protect other locations which have flooded in the past, such as the Pitt Polder, land adjacent to the Pitt River and other tributary rivers. Coastal flood prevention levees are also common along the inland coastline behind the Wadden Sea, an area devastated by many historic floods.
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Kornelis Kik biography in De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (1718) by Arnold Houbraken, courtesy of the Digital library for Dutch literature When the expansion of the city in 1657–1663 claimed the land the garden was on, Kick moved his garden further eastwards to the new polder called Diemermeer. When Kick got it into his head to move to Loenen in 1667 however, Walskapel left his service and moved back to Amsterdam, where he took up another profession and was still living at the time Hourbaken was writing (he was probably Houbraken's source).
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The Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge is located on the Illinois River in Mason County northeast of Havana, Illinois. It is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as one of the four Illinois River National Wildlife and Fish Refuges. The refuge consists of 4,388 acres (17.8 km²) of Illinois River bottomland, nearly all of it wetland. The parcel is the former Chautauqua Drainage and Levee District, a failed riverine polder. In the 1920s, workers with steam shovels surrounded the levee district with a large dike in an attempt to create a large new parcel of agricultural farmland.
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The building was designed by the architect-engineer Jan Leeghwater.Rijksmonument report He designed and built it 1630, after he had already occupied the location as mayor and manager of the Beemster polder project, completed in 1612. The building survived a fire in 1654 that damaged most of the town south of this building.Website of the town hall The former mayor's office and vierschaar can only be seen by appointment, but visitors are welcome on the ground floor, which has a short film about the history of De Rijp for visitors, and where the old weighing scales from 1632 can be seen.
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Built in 1909 of wood and stuccoThe gardener's cottage at buffaloah.com the gardener's cottage is so modest in size that a boxy configuration appears to have been inevitable, contrary to Wright's ideal of opening up the confining "box" of traditional American houses. Nevertheless, Wright managed to create an illusion of the pier and cantilever principle that characterized the Martin House by placing tall rectangular panels at each corner of the building. The gardener was Reuben Polder, who had to provide fresh flowers daily for every room in the Martin House, a task which he completed until Darwin Martin died in 1935.
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It was decided to build a series of windmills, with a limited capacity to bridge water level differences, but just able to pump water into a reservoir at an intermediate level between the soil in the polder and the river. The reservoir could be pumped out into the river by other windmills whenever the river level was low enough; the river level has both seasonal and tidal variations. Although some of the windmills are still used, the main water works are provided by two diesel pumping stations near one of the entrances of the windmills site.
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From 1995 onward, he sold his own work from this location. In 1998, the artist organized the first ‘Independent Realists Exhibition’ (ORT – Onafhankelijke Realisten Tentoonstelling) in which 30 renowned artists from the Netherlands were featured (including Evert Thielen, Henk Helmantel, Sam Drukker and Rein Pol).“Realisten van naam hangen in de polder,’’ Noordhollands Dagblad, September 10th 1998 Since then, the Independent Realists’ Exhibition is an annually recurring event where approximately 100 realist artists exhibit their work to the public. The couple bought their first works of art during this period and exhibited the Canto Collection as a permanent collection.
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Blankenburg 1925 Blankenburg is a former village that was located on the Dutch island of Rozenburg in the province of South Holland. It was located to the west of Rotterdam and to the southeast of the village of Rozenburg and was part of the Blankenburg island polder of the same name, which was created around 1600 by migrants from Blankenberge in Flanders. Soon after, it formed a single island with Rozenburg and a few embankments in the Maas estuary. The village that originated in the seventeenth century was completely abandoned in the early 1960s due to the construction of Europoort.
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In present time it is navigable for pleasure craft. On the east side of the canal are the Duifpolder and Broekpolder, on the west side is the Zouteveense Polder, formerly the municipality of Zouteveen, now a neighbourhood of the municipality Midden-Delfland formed in 2004, through the merger of the former municipalities Maasland and Schipluiden, with its local administration in Schipluiden at the north end of the canal. In the municipality of Vlaardingen the Vlaardingse Vaart Bridge, connects its northern town part Vlaardingen-Holy with the Broekpolder recreational area. Vlaardingervaart The length is approximately 8 kilometers.
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The first patent registered altogether was in 1584 by Simon Stevin for an unspecified form of water mill (probably to pump water out of a polder).The first patent by Stevin in the National Archives (Dutch) Stevin's later patents were all based on mill technology, and he described his requests with mathematical explanations.Nine inventions in 1589 by Stevin in the National Archives (Dutch) He was granted nine patents in 1589, including one for the "molengang", which enabled the use of a stepped series of water mills to be used for creating polders. It was this invention that enabled the creation of the Beemster.
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Small lakes were created which quickly grew in area, every increase in surface water leading to more leverage of the wind on the water to attack more land. It even led to villages being lost to the waves of human-made lakes. The development of the polder mill gave the option of draining the lakes. In the 16th century this work was started on small, shallow lakes, continuing with ever-larger and deeper lakes, though it wasn't until in the nineteenth century that the most dangerous of lakes, the Haarlemmermeer near Amsterdam, was drained using steam power.
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In the years of Truce, before the renewed fighting after 1618, the fortifications were greatly expanded. The surrounding marshes made a siege of the conventional type impossible, and the fortress, deemed impregnable, was nicknamed the Marsh Dragon. The town was nevertheless finally conquered by Frederik Hendrik of Orange in 1629 in a typically Dutch stratagem: he diverted the rivers Dommel and Aa, created a polder by constructing a forty-kilometre dyke and then pumped out the water by mills. After a siege of three months, the city had to surrender—an enormous blow to Habsburg geo-political strategy during the Thirty Years' War.
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A near-contemporary painting depicting the St. Elizabeth's flood The St. Elizabeth's flood of 1421 was a flooding of the Grote Hollandse Waard, an area in what is now the Netherlands. It takes its name from the feast day of Saint Elisabeth of Hungary which was formerly November 19. It ranks 20th in the list of worst floods in history. During the night of November 18 to November 19, 1421, a heavy storm near the North Sea coast caused the dikes to break in a number of places and the lower lying polder land was flooded.
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In 1989, the Stichting Aylvapoldermolen (English: Aylva polder mill foundation) was set up with the aim of rebuilding a windmill on the site of the lost mill. It was suggested in 1996 that the Vijfhuistermolen would be a suitable candidate as a replacement because the land it stood on was needed for the expansion of a business in Hallum. The mill was dismantled in 1999 and re-erected in Burgwerd on the site of the original Aylvapoldermolen. The official opening ceremony was performed on 3 June 2009 by Mrs Annemarie Jorritsma, at that time the Minister van Economische Zaken.
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Arrest of Jesus, painting by a follower of Dieric Bouts, late 15th century The castle was a typical stronghold that was at one time situated on the edge of a lake called the Lisser Poel (since poldered in) that itself was in connection to the Haarlemmermeer (itself a polder since in 1853). In 1630 a stately home was built on to the tower and became a summer residence, but after the Haarlem Lake was poldered in the 19th century it fell into disuse and became a ruin. In 1973 restoration began and the roof was built in the manner of 16th century carpentry.
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A second detachment of 400 men, under Sir John Ogle, was to follow and 200 of Cecil's cavalry came up in support. The way was narrow, and on either side there were swamps and stagnant waters, where the sea had been let in over the polder lands. Fairfax led his men to the attack with great vigour and after a sharp engagement, he forced the Spanish to retire behind their entrenchments, and followed them so closely that they were routed. Many plunged into the swamps and flooded polders, some escaped but some drowned or were trapped.
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It is situated in the south-western part of the polder, in the middle of a large agricultural area, between Emmeloord and Urk which used to be an island in the old Zuiderzee. Tollebeek's first houses were built in 1957. As of October 2018, Tollebeek had around 3,000 inhabitants. Tollebeem its growth can be attributed to the influx of people from nearby fishingtown Urk, where homes are usually more expensive due to a shortage of available building plots on the old island which is and was a fishingtown Tollebeek has a thriving community culture, with several sports, arts and youth clubs.
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A notable change in pronunciation has been occurring in younger generations in the provinces of Utrecht, North and South Holland, which has been dubbed "Polder Dutch" by Jan Stroop. Such speakers pronounce , and , which used to be pronounced respectively as , , and , as increasingly lowered to , , and respectively. In addition, the same speakers pronounce , , and as the diphthongs , , and respectively, making the change an example of a chain shift. The change is interesting from a sociolinguistic point of view because it has apparently happened relatively recently, in the 1970s and was pioneered by older well-educated women from the upper middle classes.
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Casimir forces on parallel plates In quantum field theory, the Casimir effect and the Casimir–Polder force are physical forces arising from a quantized field. They are named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Casimir, who predicted them in 1948. It was not until 1997 that a direct experiment by S. Lamoreaux quantitatively measured the force to within 5% of the value predicted by the theory. The Casimir effect can be understood by the idea that the presence of conducting metals and dielectrics alters the vacuum expectation value of the energy of the second-quantized electromagnetic field.
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It however requires several years before the polder is genuinely accessible for cultivation and construction of roads and homes can start, as in the first years the soil is equivalent to quicksand. During the initial period of inhabitation a special, government-appointed officer was installed, known as the Landdrost. During the administrative office of a Landdrost there is no municipal council. In 1975, the first homes in what is now the city of Almere were built and from 1976 to 1984 the area was governed by the Landdrost as the executive of the Openbaar Lichaam Zuidelijke IJsselmeerpolders (Southern IJsselmeerpolders Public Body).
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Bommenede was founded in the early 12th century by monks of the Cistercian monastery of Ter Duinen in Flanders. It was located on one of the four islands that later joined up to form the current island of Schouwen-Duiveland. The name was first mentioned in 1165, as insula Bomne. The island was a part of Holland, because the boundary between Holland and Zeeland lay in the Sonnemere, the water south of Bommenede. According to the 19th-century historian A.J. van der Aa, John of Bavaria ordered the construction of dykes around the island in 1412, creating the polder of Bommenede.
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The Groote Waard and surrounding areas in 1421, just before the Sint- Elisabethsvloed The Grote Waard or Hollandse Waard was a farming region between Zuid-Holland and Brabant, that disappeared in the Sint-Elisabethsvloed (1421). Parts of this polder are now separated by water: Hoekse Waard, Eiland van Dordrecht, the Biesbosch, and parts of Noord-Brabant. The Grote Waard was a damp peat region, which was roughly limited by what now is the Afgedamde Maas between Heusden and Woudrichem, the Boven Merwede and Beneden Merwede, Dordrecht, Maasdam, the Keizersdijk between Maasdam and Strijen, Strijensas, Lage Zwaluwe, and Hooge Zwaluwe.
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Copp, Terry & Vogel, Robert Maple Leaf Route: Scheldt, Alma: Maple Leaf Route, 1985 pages 94-96. Map of the Breskens Pocket The Canadian 10th Brigade of the 4th Armoured Division crossed the Leopold Canal and advanced at Isabella Polder. Then the 3rd Division's 8th Brigade was called to move south from the coastal side of the pocket. This opened up a land-based supply route into the pocket. Eberding used his reserves in his counter-attacks and reported to the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht that some units of the 64th Division had "been reduced to one third".
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Many grazing marshes have been converted into arable land, often using pumped drainage to lower the water levels enough to grow crops. The low ditch levels and agricultural runoff combine to remove much of the aquatic wildlife, although the arable fields may still be used by some wintering wildfowl. Some areas of grazing marsh and other polder land have been used to recreate tidal habitats by a process of managed retreat. Many of the larger areas of grazing marsh bear nature conservation designations, including Site of Special Scientific Interest, Special Protection Area, Special Area of Conservation and Ramsar Site.
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In physics, the Casimir–Polder force is a physical force exerted between separate objects due to resonance of vacuum energy in the intervening space between the objects. This is sometimes described in terms of virtual particles interacting with the objects, owing to the mathematical form of one possible way of calculating the strength of the effect. Because the strength of the force falls off rapidly with distance, it is only measurable when the distance between the objects is extremely small. Because the effect is due to virtual particles mediating a static field effect, it is subject to the comments about static fields discussed above.
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The majority of the Daniel Webster Wildlife Sanctuary is a polder, land reclaimed from water by the installation of a dike near the mouth of the Green Harbor River in 1872. The construction of the dike led to the town's “Dike Feud” in the late 19th century, a war between local fishermen, who opposed its construction, and farmers, who agreed with it, as the draining of the land provided more arable land. The dike was dynamited by the fishermen and rebuilt by the farmers. Fox Hill, currently the site of an observation platform, has a former foundation for a home that was filled in by Sanctuary staff.
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The differences were often dictated by different circumstances, whether they had to defend a sea dike against a storm surge or keep water level in a polder within bounds. Hoogheemraadschappen were responsible for protecting the land against the sea and for regulating water levels of various canals and lakes into which water was pumped from polders and waterschappen. Dikes were maintained by individuals who benefited from their existence, every farmer was designated a part of a dike to maintain, with a review every three years by the water board directors. The old rule was "Whom the water harms stops the water" (Dutch: Wie het water deert, die het water keert).
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As part of a team of architects, urban planners, sociologists, traffic planners and landscape architects, Koolhaas played an important role in creating the master plan for the new city of Almere in the south island of Flevoland, and was responsible for its urban design. In 1981 Koolhaas left the Almere project and moved to the regular organization of the RIJP, where he was involved in the design of Zeewolde, and made designs for Markerwaard, a polder that was never built. In the mid-eighties Koolhaas started out on his own, and founded Ontwerpbureau Ir. Teun Koolhaas Associates (TKA). TKA's work included the master plan for Kop van Zuid in Rotterdam.
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Fortuyn also criticised the polder model and the policies of the outgoing government of Wim Kok and repeatedly described himself and LPF's ideology as pragmatic and not populistic. In March 2002, his newly created LPF became the largest party in Fortuyn's hometown Rotterdam during the Dutch municipal elections held that year. Fortuyn was assassinated during the 2002 Dutch national election campaign by Volkert van der Graaf, a left-wing environmentalist and animal rights activist. In court at his trial, van der Graaf said he murdered Fortuyn to stop him from exploiting Muslims as "scapegoats" and targeting "the weak members of society" in seeking political power.
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One of Casimir's colleagues, Theo Overbeek, realized that the theory that was used at the time to explain van der Waals forces, which had been developed by Fritz London in 1930, did not properly explain the experimental measurements on colloids. Overbeek therefore asked Casimir to investigate the problem. Working with Dirk Polder, Casimir discovered that the interaction between two neutral molecules could be correctly described only if the fact that light travels at a finite speed was taken into account. Soon afterwards after a conversation with Bohr about zero-point energy, Casimir noticed that this result could be interpreted in terms of vacuum fluctuations.
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Inundation had already been used on some Dutch polders but this strategic inundation was shallow and was done by stopping the drainage pumping or allowing water to flow backwards through the pumping stations to give a shallow flooding. The rapid and deep tactical inundation planned for the Wieringerpolder, done by the destruction of a dyke, was new. It was known that even an explosive breach would not be enough, and it would be the enlargement of the breach by the water itself which would cause the most damage. In late February or early March 1945 Dutch workers started to undermine the dike around the polder under German command.
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The remains of the mill were accidentally discovered in 2004 during excavations along the Noordhollandsch Kanaal canal. His wind-powered sawmill used a crankshaft to convert a windmill's circular motion into a back- and-forward motion powering the saw. In his old age, he became a friend of the hydraulic engineer Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater who mentioned him as the inventor of the saag molen in his book on the Haarlemmermeer.Saag Molens were invented in Uitgeest, according to the "Haarlemmermeer boeck" by Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater They met during his first major hydraulic project, which was to create the Beemster, a polder that was pumped dry during the period 1609 through 1612.
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Fernhout fell into depression during this period, which not only coincided with his broken marriage and the German occupation, but also with doubts about his artistry. While portraits made it possible for him to continue making a living during the years of war, according to his mother's advice he continued to work on polder landscapes. The sea, the beach and the dunes got a lot of influence on his work, and after 1950 abstracted paintings of beach still life with flushed objects appeared in soft, almost colorless shades. The famous French painter of the Ecole de Paris, Jean Bazaine had a lot of influence on the painting of Fernhout.
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The KNMI-mast Cabauw is a 213-metre-high guyed mast for meteorological measurements at Cabauw, the Netherlands. In 1972 at Cabauw (06348) a 213 m high mast was specifically built for meteorological research to establish relations between the state of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), land surface conditions and the general weather situation for all seasons. The Cabauw mast is located in the western part of the Netherlands (51.971 °N, 4.927 °E) in a polder 0.7 m below average sealevel. This site was chosen, because it is rather representative for this part of the Netherlands and because only minor landscape developments were planned in this region.
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Map by Van Scorel in Ziper museum Perhaps because of the work on this polder, he is registered in Haarlem in 1528, where he collaborated with Heemskerck and assisted with the school there that Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert would later run. Mary Magdalene, circa 1530 Considered to be the leading Netherlandish Romanist, Van Scorel moved to Ghent for painting contracts before returning to Utrecht for the same reason, where he died in 1562, leaving behind a wealth of portraits and altarpieces. Though many of his works fell victim to the Iconoclasm in 1566, some still remain and can be seen primarily at museums in the Netherlands.
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Tollebeek () is a village in the Dutch province of Flevoland. It is a part of the municipality of Noordoostpolder, and is approximately 90 kilometres north east of Amsterdam. Tollebeek is one of ten villages in the Noordoostpolder (literally: North East Polder) which was reclaimed from the Zuiderzee (now: IJsselmeer) in the 1930s and 1940s as part of a huge project known as the 'Zuiderzeewerken' ('Zuiderzee works') to create new land to accommodate growing need for farmland and new urban areas in the already densely populated country. After the Noordoostpolder was formed in the early 1940s, new villages were constructed, including Tollebeek (being constructed last).
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Alternatively, a 2005 paper by Robert Jaffe of MIT states that "Casimir effects can be formulated and Casimir forces can be computed without reference to zero-point energies. They are relativistic, quantum forces between charges and currents. The Casimir force (per unit area) between parallel plates vanishes as alpha, the fine structure constant, goes to zero, and the standard result, which appears to be independent of alpha, corresponds to the alpha approaching infinity limit," and that "The Casimir force is simply the (relativistic, retarded) van der Waals force between the metal plates." Casimir and Polder's original paper used this method to derive the Casimir-Polder force.
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In 2015, he was featured in Lost Frequencies' single "Reality", which topped the charts in over ten countries for the Belgian DJ. That same year, he was featured in Sascha Braemer's single "Drifting" from his debut album No Home. His single "Don't Give Up on Us" was featured in the 2015 German comedy film Fack ju Göhte 2. In February 2016, it was announced that van de Polder signed a deal with Spinnin' Records, with whom he released a single titled "Feel the Love", which was edited by Sam Feldt, on May 6. The single became a summer hit and charted in the Netherlands, Belgium and Sweden.
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The Zuiderzee bay (previously a lake called Lacus Flevo by Roman authors) was formed, separating West Friesland from the contemporary Province of Friesland. In the Middle Ages, the Westflinge area of West Friesland became an island, bordered on the north by the Medem and Zijpe inlets, and to the south by various interconnecting lakes (now polder land) that were connected with the Zuiderzee. Because of this, the toponym "West Friesland" was applied more to the Westflinge area than to the original West Friesland. For approximately 300 years, West Friesland operated as an autonomous area as the West Frisians did not wish to be vassals of lords from Holland.
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In order to achieve this task, workers from Holland, Zeeland, and Brabant moved to Friesland, and their Low-Franconian dialects mixed with West Frisian. There has been debate on whether the former changed the latter or the other way around, but the dialect has also been called a creole language. Bildts is spoken in the towns of Sint Annaparochie (Bildts: Sint-Anne), Sint Jacobiparochie (Sint-Jabik), Vrouwenparochie (Froubuurt), Oudebildtzijl (Ouwe-Syl), Westhoek (De Westhoek) and Nij Altoenae. The inhabitants of Minnertsga, a village located outside the polder area of the former Middelzee and included in the municipality in 1984, do not speak Bildts but West Frisian instead.
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He stood down as Leader of the Labour Party that same day, in favour of Ad Melkert. Unfortunately, Melkert did not appeal to the voter. Moreover, the "polder model" went out of fashion in early 2002, which saw the rise of Pim Fortuyn, a political newcomer. On 16 April 2002, close to the natural end of term for the cabinet, prime minister Kok wished to resign early after being harshly criticised in a government-commissioned report by the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies regarding the fall of Srebrenica in 1995 and the other ministers had no choice but to follow him.
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The position in Ostend by the turn of winter was perilous; after nearly five and a half months siege and after two months without reinforcements. Furthermore, the outer works such as the Polder had to be temporarily abandoned because of storms and exposed icy conditions.Motley pp 72 – 74 Spanish troops at Ostend On 23 December, Vere learned from a deserter that the Spanish were in preparation for a large impending assault on the city; he realized he had no hope except to hold for time. Vere's frustration with the Dutch continued writing many letters and complaining about the lack of support, in addition he demanded reinforcements.
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The Torani Canal in northeastern Guyana was rehabilitated by BK International Inc. under the supervision of the Caribbean Engineering Management Consultancy (CEMCO) Guyana Limited in collaboration with Mott Mac Donald a UK, consultancy firm headed by Civil Engineer - Raymond Latchmansingh. The duel purpose of the canal is to transfer water from the higher elevation along the Berbice River to irrigate the backlands of the Black Bush Polder rice cultivation and at the same time to reduce the excessive surface runoff precipitation during the rainy season. Hence, the Canje River. is at a lower elevation and it’s the shortest distance of the two to the Atlantic Ocean “storehouse”.
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A Train, prior to 2 December 2009: PARASOL is the second, from left PARASOL (Polarization & Anisotropy of Reflectances for Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar) was a French-built Earth observing research satellite. It carried an instrument called POLDER which studied the radiative and microphysical properties of clouds and aerosols. PARASOL was launched from the French spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana on December 18, 2004 by an Ariane 5 G+. It flew in formation in the "A Train" constellation with several other satellites (Aqua, CALIPSO, CloudSat and Aura). These satellites had, for the first time ever, combined a full suite of instruments for observing clouds and aerosols, from passive radiometers to active lidar and radar sounders.
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Caudebec-en-Caux is located W.N.W. of Rouen, on the right bank of the River Seine. The tidal bore in the estuary of the Seine which is known as the mascaret in French, but locally as the barre, used to be well seen at this point. The development of the industrial polder towards Harfleur has changed the geometry of the estuary so that mascaret now seems to be a phenomenon of the past. Since 1977 Caudebec has been served by the Pont de Brotonne, one of three bridges built across the Seine, downstream from Rouen since 1960, to replace the many ferries so making vehicular access between the Pays de Caux and the Autoroute A13 easier.
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A new element in the design of this polder was the intention to establish a larger city to serve as a regional centre for all the polders and perhaps the capital of a potential new province. This city, located in the centre of the reclaimed lands, was developed as Lelystad (1966), named after the man who had played a crucial role in the design and realisation of the Zuiderzee Works. Other more conventional settlements had already developed by then; Dronten, the local major town, was founded in 1962, followed in 1963 by two smaller satellite villages, Swifterbant and Biddinghuizen. These last three were incorporated into the new municipality of Dronten on January 1, 1972.
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The neighborhood is located near the nature reserve Twiske. The Oostzanerwerf the polder in which the district has been built was in the early 1960s as the depository for dredged from the North Sea. Although the area belonged to the municipality Oostzaan, Amsterdam had the Molenwiek Plan for this area developed a plan consisting of 1,256 residential properties spread over 15 buildings that could be done after the area on 1 August 1966 in Amsterdam by a boundary was added. The plan, designed by architect K. Geer in collaboration with the Housing and Urban Development departments of the municipality of Amsterdam and the Amsterdam Federation of Housing Associations, composed of 100% high-rise.
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Trent later said he was surprised the German pilots would pursue them through such heavy . Approaching the target at , Trent saw his wingman shot down, followed directly by the other two aircraft. Pressing on to the target, Trent released his bombs and turned for home but as he did so his aircraft was hit again, went into a sharp spin and broke apart. Trent and his navigator, Flight Lieutenant Vivian Phillips, were thrown clear of the wreckage in mid-air and pulled their parachute ripcords but the other two crew members were unable to get free and died when the Ventura crashed into Kometon Polder; Trent and his navigator survived and were taken prisoner.
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The NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT), developed with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, used fan-beam Doppler signals to measure wind speeds over bodies of water. The Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) was built by CNES to study changes to Earth's ozone layer. The Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectance (POLDER) device was also developed by CNES, and was also launched on ADEOS II. The Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) was developed by NASDA and the Environment Agency of Japan, and used grating spectrometers to measure the properties of trace gases using solar occultation. The Retroreflector in Space (RIS) and Interferometric Monitor for Greenhouse Gases (IMG) were both developed by Japan, and studied atmospheric trace gases and greenhouse gases respectively.
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One of the key factors in the flooding of the Grote Waard was the creation of a new dike in the southwest of the polder. The ground beneath this dike was unstable, which was a known (but underestimated) fact in this period of time. However, combined with political rivalry and financial issues, this resulted in the creation of an unstable dike, located at one of the key corners of the Grote Waard. It was the only place where high tides coming directly from the sea could penetrate the land deeply and could reach a primary "keystone" dike of the Grote Waard (most of the primary dikes were used as protection against rivers instead).
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Three hundred years later and the village that would grow behind the sea wall is under threat. The threat comes not from a failing dyke or an unexpectedly sudden rise in water levels, but rather from the expanding Port of Antwerp and its insatiable need for more and more land along the Scheldt in which to grow. Now, Doel, the last of the Belgian polder villages on the banks of the Scheldt near the North Sea, faces possible demolition. The construction of a large dock and container terminal capable of receiving deep-sea ships is already underway on a site immediately next to the village, and the Port Authority proposes building a second one where the village now stands.
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However, evidence of when or where in the parish apple farming took place has not come to light – records show grain and, later, wool as the main products of the area. Richard Ratcliffe's history of the parishFather Richard Ratcliffe (1986) "A History of Apuldram" examines, but does not favour, a suggestion that the name is derived from polder a Dutch word meaning low-lying land protected or reclaimed from the sea, although this would indeed be an apt description of a large part of the parish. Place names within the parish reflect the industries and activities that once flourished. Salterns Copse, near the Marina, takes its name from the salt pans that were located nearby.
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The phases of the Dutch occupation Winkelman at first intended to continue the fight, even though Rotterdam had capitulated and German forces from there might now advance into the heart of the Fortress Holland. The possibility of terror bombings was considered before the invasion and had not been seen as grounds for immediate capitulation; provisions had been made for the continuation of effective government even after widespread urban destruction.De Jong (1969b), pp. 366–367 The perimeter around The Hague might still ward off an armoured attack and the New Holland Water Line had some defensive capability; though it could be attacked from behind, it would take the Germans some time to deploy their forces in the difficult polder landscape.
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Between Porthmadog Harbour station and Boston Lodge, the railway runs on the Cob, the dyke of the Traeth Mawr polder. The Cob was built between 1807 and 1811 by William Madocks and, in addition to its land reclamation function in conjunction with sluice gates at the Britannia bridge, it serves also as a roadway (which, since 1836, has been at a lower level on the landward side) and as a bridge across the Afon Glaslyn. Tolls were charged with a tollgate at Boston Lodge until 2003, when the rights were purchased by the National Assembly for Wales. The higher, original, section of the Cob carries, in addition to the railway, a public footpath throughout virtually its entire length.
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Eduard "Eddy" Christiani (21 April 1918 – 24 October 2016) was a guitarist, singer, and composer from the Netherlands. He was best known for songs like Zonnig Madeira (1938), Ouwe Taaie (1943), Op De Woelige Baren (1948), Kleine Greetje Uit De Polder (1950), Spring Maar Achterop (1952), Daar Bij De Waterkant and Rosemarie Polka (1953). In 1961 he reached the 82nd position with his Spanish-language song Sucu Sucu (1961) He reminisced about his tricky experiences in the Netherlands of both performing for the occupying Nazis and as a resistance supporter in the TV documentary series The World at War (Episode: Occupation: Holland 1940–1944). In 2008, his song "Rhythm for You" was included in the video game Fallout 3.
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In September 1944 the Allies launched Operation Market Garden, an effort to advance around the Siegfried Line and open a route to the Ruhr. The British 1st Airborne Division landed at Arnhem and fought for nine days in the city and surrounding towns and countryside, but the British 2nd Army's advance failed to reach them and they were nearly annihilated.King, p49 After withdrawing south of the Nederrijn the front line stabilised on the "Island" (the polder between Nijmegen and Arnhem) over the winter.Middlebrook, p449 The residents of Arnhem and Oosterbeek (over 450 of whom had been killed in the battle) were evicted from their homes which were then systematically looted of anything of value to aid refugees in Germany.
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Although some jeeps of the reconnaissance squadron were lost on the flight over, the company formed up in good strength and moved off along Leopard route. The Germans were unprepared for the landings and initially thrown into confusion. Model – erroneously assuming that the paratroopers had come to capture him – fled his headquarters at the Tafelberg Hotel in Oosterbeek and went to Bittrich's headquarters east of Arnhem at Doetinchem, where he took personal control of the battle.Ryan, p.199 The 10th SS Division was sent south to respond to the American landings at Nijmegen and to defend the "island" (the polder between the Nederrijn and Waal rivers), while the 9th would defend Arnhem.
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On the German side, holding the Scheldt was regarded as crucial. Hitler ordered planning for what became the Ardennes Offensive in September 1944, the objective of which was retaking Antwerp. The 15th Army, which was holding the Scheldt on the far right on the German line, was deprived of supplies as the Wehrmacht focused on building up its strength for the planned Ardennes offensive in December, while a number of newly raised Volksgrenadier divisions were sent to replace the divisions lost in Normandy and in Operation Bagration on the Eastern Front. However, the flat polder ground of the Dutch countryside favoured the defensive, and was felt to compensate for the 15th Army's reduced numbers.
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Satellite image of the North Holland, Friesland and Flevoland Satellite image of the south of North Holland North Holland is situated at in the northwest of the Netherlands with to the northeast the province of Friesland, to the east the province of Flevoland, to the southeast the province of Utrecht, to the southwest the province of South Holland, and to the west the North Sea. North Holland is a broad peninsula for the most part, located between the North Sea, the Wadden Sea, the IJsselmeer, and the Markermeer. More than half of the province consists of reclaimed polder land situated below sea level. The West Frisian islands of Noorderhaaks and Texel are also part of the province.
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On the night of 13 April 1603 a storm raged and tides were dangerously high causing more damage in the town and on the defences.Motley pp 111–13 As soon as the stormed had passed away the Spanish launched another attack this time on the "Porcespic" by a force of nearly 8,000 Spanish and Italians. The position though was well defended by a mixture of Dutch, English and Scots and the attackers were repelled despite managing to gain a foothold on the ramparts. The attack on the redoubt had been a feint however; the Spaniards were at that very moment swarming all over the three external forts, the South Square, the West Square and the Polder Square.
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Nova Troia: meaning New Troy or Little Troy was bestowed on the last entrenchment of the besieged since they announced that they would hold out there for as long as the ancient Trojans had defended Ilium.van Nimwegen pp 185–87 The new defences were named after old ones including New Helmund, New Polder and New West Bulwark. By 11 May the Spanish had effected a lodgement in a corner of the Porcepsic and from that point would threaten the new counterscarp before it could be completed. Van der Meer warned the Hague that the garrison was close to exhaustion and was not sure how long he could sustain the defence of the main rampart.
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The Ketelmeer is the tongue of the IJsselmeer into which the River IJssel drains, it is situated between the polders Noordoostpolder (North-east Polder) and Oostelijk Flevoland (East Flevoland), and connects the river IJssel to the IJsselmeer. It is one of the bordering lakes, a continuous body of water which separate Flevoland from the Noordostpolder and the ancient lands of the provinces of Gelderland and Utrecht. The Ketelmeer covers an area of 3500 hectares, most of which is in the province of Flevoland, but the river delta of the IJssel is in province of Overijssel. It was carved out from the Zuiderzee by the construction of the polders of Noordoostpolder and Flevoland, between which it lies.
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Since 1986 Schrader has held a position as a professor for typography at the Dortmund University of Applied Sciences and Arts, in the department of design. He was awarded several prizes, such as, in 1990, the award Kultur aktuell in Schleswig- Holstein (Contemporary culture in Schleswig-Holstein) for the work of the citizens’ action group that campaigned to preserve the sculpture Kubus-Balance (Cube-Balance); or, in 1991, the regional art award Landesschaupreis Schleswig-Holstein. He was commissioned by the state government in Kiel to show his installation Kubuskoog (Cube polder) in the German pavilion at the EXPO 2000 in Hanover. In 2005, Schrader was invited to participate in a Chinese-German symposium on painting, held in Wuyishan in China.
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49 After about a year of preparation, on 4 June, German Admiral Karl Rudolf Brommy left Bremerhaven with the steam frigate SMS Barbarossa (formerly RMS Britannia) and the smaller steam corvettes Lübeck (1844) and Hamburg (1841) in order to disperse the Danish ships which were guarding the mouth of Weser River. The Danish forces present that day were inferior and retreated, but Brommy managed to cut off the sailing corvette Valkyrien which under captain Andreas Polder sought refuge near the island of Heligoland which at the time belonged to the United Kingdom. The British, while being neutral, had made clear beforehand that a German Navy was not welcome and might be treated as pirates. Ships of both sides fired some shots, with no effect.
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The population density of the Pays de Caux is a little above the French average having developed fisheries, on the coast, and flax growing and weaving, on the plateau, as traditional industries. The estuarine ports to the south developed trade up-river towards Rouen, once hostilities between the Normans and the French had been settled, with Paris. In more recent times, urbanization has spread from Le Havre and more recently still, from the new industrial polder in the Seine Estuary. The plateau's exposure to the winds of the sea may account for one of the features of the rural architecture of the region; the plain, unadorned farmhouses in farmsteads, typically enclosed by high earth banks, walls and a sheltering square of trees.
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In 1630, stadtholder Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange bought the old Huis ter Nieuwburg from Philibert Vernatti for ƒ30,000 (€13,613). The house was located in the Plaspolder, a polder in the village Rijswijk, in between the cities The Hague and Delft. At that time, The Hague was the political center of the Dutch Republic where the States-General assembled, and Delft was the city where Prince Frederick Henry was born and where his father William the Silent had his residence and was assassinated and buried in 1584. Between 1630 and 1632, the Prince of Orange bought more land and two houses in the area surrounding the house in order to build a new country house on the location of Vernatti's old house.
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The mountain range on its east flank comprises Golden Ears Provincial Park, its basin to the north is in southern Garibaldi Provincial Park, while the mountain range on its west, northeast of Vancouver's Coquitlam Lake watershed reservoir, is Pinecone Burke Provincial Park. The waterfront and foreshore of the lake and river are public-access and include extensive migratory wildfowl habitat. Part of it is protected by BC Parks as the Pitt Polder Ecological Reserve. The largest mainland British Columbia lake is Harrison Lake, 60 km to the east, which is the last in a series of north-south lake and river combinations that line the north bank of the Fraser River in its last stretch west through BC's Lower Mainland.
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De Kapel (Dutch for The Chapel) is a neighbourhood in the municipality of Midden-Delfland, in the province of South Holland in The Netherlands. It lies in the south of this municipality between Negenhuizen and the town of Vlaardingen. The entire area around the crossroads is also referred to as Zouteveen to the former municipality in the Zouteveense and Holiërhoekse polder, which was dissolved in 1855 and went up in Vlaardinger Ambacht, a former separate municipality annexed by Vlaardingen in 1941. Around the crossroads of the road between Vlaardingen and Midden-Delfland's core Schipluiden and the Oostveenseweg and Willemoordseweg is the hamlet Aan den Kapel, named after the former Roman catholic chapel that stood at this junction, until its demolition in 1719.
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The Dutch cannot afford protectionism against the unpredictable tides of the international economy, because the Netherlands is not an autarkic economy. Therefore, to cushion against the international economy, they set up a tri-partite council which oversaw an extensive welfare state. A third explanation refers to a unique aspect of the Netherlands, that it consists in large part of polders, land reclaimed from the sea, which requires constant pumping and maintenance of the dykes. So ever since the Middle Ages, when the process of land reclamation began, different societies living in the same polder have been forced to cooperate because without unanimous agreement on shared responsibility for maintenance of the dykes and pumping stations, the polders would have flooded and everyone would have suffered.
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There are many ways through which Dutch words have entered the English language: via trade and navigation, such as skipper (from schipper), freebooter (from vrijbuiter), keelhauling (from kielhalen); via painting, such as landscape (from landschap), easel (from ezel), still life (from stilleven); warfare, such as forlorn hope (from verloren hoop), beleaguer (from beleger), to bicker (from bicken); via civil engineering, such as dam, polder, dune (from duin); via the New Netherland settlements in North America, such as cookie (from koekie), boss from baas, Santa Claus (from Sinterklaas); via Dutch/Afrikaans speakers with English speakers in South Africa, such as wildebeest, apartheid, boer; via French words of Dutch/Flemish origin that have subsequently been adopted into English, such as boulevard (from bolwerk), mannequin (from manneken), buoy (from boei).
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Between February and March 1604 the city was badly damaged by severe storms and the Spanish continued to dig trenches ever closer and began constructing a mine under Porcepisc and the West Bulwark. On 12 March the Spanish launched a determined effort to carry the lesser Polder bulwark. The little fort was soon overwhelmed and the defenders were at last driven out of it and forced to take refuge in the next work; the first attrition success had been registered for Spinola.Motley pp 175–77 Gieselles was killed soon after observing the captured position, and was succeeded by Colonel John van Loon, who died just four days later by the impact of a cannonball, his provisional substitute Jacques de Bievry was wounded and evacuated to Zealand.
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Most of the current mills were built in 1738 and 1740 (see below). After a few centuries, an additional way to keep the polders dry was required. It was decided to build a series of windmills, with a limited capacity to bridge water level differences, but just able to pump water into a reservoir at an intermediate level between the soil in the polder and the river; the reservoir could be let out into the river through locks whenever the river level was low enough; the river level has both seasonal and tidal variations. Although some of the windmills are still used, the main water works are provided by two diesel pumping stations near one of the entrances of the windmills site.
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Thanks to these the floodplain forests of Litovelské Pomoraví have within living memory offered significant flood protection to surrounding villages and the cities of Olomouc and Litovel, as they form an enormous natural polder catching and storing the overflowing water without causing damage. West of Litovel the floodplain forest complex passes into the picturesque landscape around Nové Zámky with a set of tastefully arranged small romantic buildings from the 19th century (Obelisk, the artificial ruins of Rytířské síné, Přatelství church, the artificial cave of Podkova). A prominent scenic element here is the calcareous ridge of Třesín hill, sharply falling into the Morava river floodplain. The strongly karsted Devonian limestone of Třesín enabled the formation of a complex cave system (Mladeč caves) and a unique geological phenomenon called "buried karst" in the floodplain.
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Map of Flevoland, 2018 Northeastern Flevoland: Noordoostpolder Eastern and Southern Flevoland: Flevopolder Eastern Flevoland (Oostelijk Flevoland or Oost-Flevoland) and Southern Flevoland (Zuidelijk Flevoland or Zuid-Flevoland), unlike the Noordoostpolder, have broad channel between them and the mainland: the Veluwemeer and Gooimeer, respectively, making them, together, the world's largest artificial island. They are two polders with a joint hydrological infrastructure, with a dividing dike in the middle, the Knardijk, that will keep one polder safe if the other is flooded. The two main drainage canals that traverse the dike can be closed by floodgates in such an event. The pumping stations are the Wortman (diesel powered) at Lelystad-Haven, the Lovink near Harderwijk on the eastern dike and the Colijn (both electrically powered) along the northern dike beside the Ketelmeer.
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Historically it has simply been referred to as "the marsh". The first area to be drained and reclaimed for farming is a 7,200-acre (2,915-hectare) municipally drained polder south-west of the town of Bradford proper, of which 40% lies in King Township (York Region) and 60% in the town of Bradford West Gwillimbury (Simcoe County). The other 13,800 acres (5,585 hectares) lie north and east of Bradford, fringing Cook's Bay in the towns of Innisfil and East Gwillimbury.Brownell, Evelyn and Scott, Gordon, "A Study of Holland Marsh, its Reclamation and Development", August, 1949, Department of Planning & Development, Immigration Branch, Ontario Portions of this area have been privately reclaimed for farming, such as the Ravenshoe Road and Bradford Marsh areas, and portions are recreational or undisturbed wetland.
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In 1938, an area of reclaimed land in the rural area of Eiderstedt in Schleswig-Holstein was named the "Horst Wessel polder". Examples of German military units adopting the name of this Nazi-era "martyr" in World War II include the 18th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division, known as the "Horst Wessel" Division, and the Luftwaffe's 26th Destroyer (or heavy fighter) Wing Zerstörergeschwader 26, as well as its successor day fighter unit Jagdgeschwader 6, which was similarly named the "Horst Wessel" wing. The Jagdgeschwader 134, formed in 1936, and Jagdgeschwader 142 were also named after Wessel. In 1938, the Nazi Party's Central Publishing House, the Franz Eher Nachfolger Verlag in Munich, published Jagdgeschwader Horst Wessel ("Horst Wessel Fighter Squadron") by Obersturmbannführer Hans Peter Hermel to commemorate the presentation of the squadron to Hitler.
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63–64 The following negotiations were short. Brune at the behest of the Batavian government at first demanded the return of the captured Batavian squadron. The Duke of York countered with a threat to breach the dike near Petten, thereby inundating the countryside around the Zijpe polder. Though General Krayenhoff was not impressed by this threat (after all, he had spent the previous weeks flooding most of the peninsula himself, and knew that the process could be reversed without too much difficulty) and so advised Brune, the latter was more easily impressed (or feigned this; Krayenhoff also darkly mentions a gift of a number of "magnificent horses" by the Duke to Brune as a possible deal- clincher) and soon agreed to a convention that was very favourable to the Anglo-Russians.
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Later mills were equipped with an Archimedes' screw which could raise water much higher. The polders, now often below sea level, were kept dry with mills pumping water from the polder ditches and canals to the boezem ("bosom"), a system of canals and lakes connecting the different polders and acting as a storage basin until the water could be let out to river or sea, either by a sluice gate at low tide or using further pumps. This system is still in use today, though drainage mills have been replaced by first steam and later diesel and electric pumping stations. De Cruquius is one of the three pumping stations that drained the Haarlemmermeer The growth of towns and industry in the Middle Ages resulted in an increased demand for dried peat as fuel.
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Laznia CCA, Gdansk, 2010, and author and co-author of many scientific papers published internationally, e.g. Nyka L.: From Structures to Landscapes – towards re- conceptualisation of urban condition, in: Architectural Research Addressing Societal Challenges, Taylor & Francis 2016 (in print). Nyka L.: Experiencing Historic Waterways and Water Landscapes of the Vistula River Delta, in: F. Vallerani, F. Visentin (Eds.) Waterways as Cultural Landscapes, Routledge 2017 (in print), Nyka L.: Polder And City: Sustaining Water Landscapes on an Urban Edge, in: SGEM 2016, Wien, Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.: Interactive and media architecture – from social encounters to city planning strategies. Procedia Engineering (2016), Nyka L., Borucka J., Urbanowicz K.: Experiencing the Ocean – the Paths for Urban Development of São Pedro do Estoril, in: P. Ressano Garcia (Ed.), Waterfront Cascais, University Lusofona, Lisboa 2015, and many others.
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Maurice received the news of the capture of the West and Polder ravelins with astonishment and harboured first fears about the fate of Ostend. He decided to launch an attack at either Ostend or Sluis; the latter was chosen hoping to draw out the Spanish or to capture Sluis, an inland port similar to Ostend as a back up plan.Motley (1869) pp 189–98 Maurice and his cousin William Louis of Nassau, at the head of a Dutch and English army of 11,000 rising to 18,000 men entered Flanders in April 1604, and laid siege to Sluis on 25 April.Knight p 53 Luis de Velasco, General of the Spanish horse, and later Spinola himself attempted to come to the aid of the city but Maurice's forces stood firm and defeated both Velasco and Spinola.
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The German name Oderbruch comes from Middle High German brouch meaning a marshy ground, swamp or moor (bruch is related to the English term brook), while the Polish name refers to Bad Freienwalde. The Oderbruch, blue-green = less than 20 m above sea level The Prussian king Frederick the Great initiated the drainage of the Oderbruch in order to bring this large tract of marshland under cultivation. Since that time the land west of the river has been river polder, whereas the 17% of the Oderbruch which is now in Poland has retained its original wetland character. The region experienced two months of heavy fighting which devastated the area at the close of World War II when Marshal Georgy Zhukov led the 1st Belorussian Front through the Oderbruch on the way to Berlin.
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Rather than see it as an antithesis, some authors describe Rhine capitalism as a successful synthesis of the Anglo-American model with social democracy. The German model is also contrasted and compared with other economic models, some of which are also described as "third ways" or regional forms of capitalism, including Tony Blair's Third Way, French dirigisme, the Dutch polder model, the Nordic model, Japanese corporate capitalism, and the contemporary Chinese model. A 2012 comparative politics textbook distinguishes between the "conservative–corporatist welfare state" (arising from the German social market economy) and the "labor-led social democratic welfare state". The concept of the model has since been expanded upon into the idea of an eco-social market economy as not only taking into account the social responsibility of humanity, but also the sustainable use and protection of natural resources.
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While thus being immobile, this group of Panhards was surprised in open polder landscape by a Stuka-attack with one vehicle disabled and quickly withdrew to the south. The other two DLMs hurried forward to stop the advance of 3 and 4PD after the surprisingly swift fall of Fort Eben-Emael, their Panhards fighting a successful delaying battle against their German counterparts until the Battle of Hannut, the largest tank battle of the campaign. In general they had little trouble in dispatching the lightly armoured German armoured cars, whose 20 mm main armament was not very effective against the Panhard frontal armour. As the type was well-suited to German tactics, at least 190 Panhards, most of them brand-new, were issued to German reconnaissance units for use in Operation Barbarossa in 1941 under the designation of Panzerspähwagen P204 (f); 107 would be lost that year.
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BBC Natural World Jungle Animal Hospital and for his independent Ateles Films production, which was aired worldwide including Nat Geo WILD and Arte, called Return of the Spider Monkeys (2016) narrated by Hayley Atwell and follows the life of an orphaned spider monkey called Infinity after she is released back into the jungle of Guatemala. For this film, Sanderson learned how to climb into the canopy alongside the spider monkeys of the Mayan jungle to film their intimate lives from a tree top perspective. Recent work includes, A Wild Fox Life (2019) which was shot in the Netherlands and follows the life of a red fox that lives in the Oostvaardersplassen nature reserve on the reclaimed polder province of Flevoland. Sanderson founded Ateles Films in 2013, where he also serves as a executive producer and cinematographer for their wildlife film productions, together with his business partner.
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In the middle of the route there is a connection with the Noordvliet from Maassluis. In Schipluiden, the Gaag and Lierwatering merge to form the Vlaardingervaart. Just downstream from this merger of waterways is a Tram Bridge from 1912, from the former tramway connection Westlandsche Stoomtramweg-Maatschappij (1880-1943). Vlaardingervaart at its most southern end, near the Delftseveerweg, former "Strontenburg" neighbourhood in Vlaardingen On 2 June 2019, a statue of the Dutch painter Johan Jongkind made by Dutch sculptor Rob Houdijk was revealed in the Duifpolder between Maassluis and Vlaardingen, alongside the Vlaardingertrekvaart canal, on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of his birth. Streekhistorie: Johan Barthold Jongkind is terug in Midden-Delfland Johan Barthold Jongkind schittert in de polder At this spot, Jongkind must have made preparatory sketches of the Rechthuis van Zouteveen for one of his later etching ‘Les deux barques à voile’ from 1862.
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Though on the night of 6 October the two armies were back in their starting positions (though the outposts in Bakkum and Limmen remained in British hands), and the Anglo- Russian losses had not been devastating (though they were about double the Franco-Batavian losses), the Duke of York now convened a council of war with his lieutenants-general. The outcome of this conference was that the Anglo- Russian army withdrew completely to the original bridgehead of the Zijpe polder, relinquishing all terrain that had been gained since 19 September. The cities of Hoorn, Enkhuizen and Medemblik were also evacuated and the following Batavian troops could only just prevent the burning of the warehouses with naval stores in those cities by the British. The retreat was executed in such haste that two field hospitals full of British wounded were left in Alkmaar, together with 400 women and children of soldiers.
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One of the first experimental tests was conducted by Marcus Sparnaay at Philips in Eindhoven (Netherlands), in 1958, in a delicate and difficult experiment with parallel plates, obtaining results not in contradiction with the Casimir theory, but with large experimental errors. Some of the experimental details as well as some background information on how Casimir, Polder and Sparnaay arrived at this pointMovie are highlighted in a 2007 interview with Marcus Sparnaay. The Casimir effect was measured more accurately in 1997 by Steve K. Lamoreaux of Los Alamos National Laboratory, and by Umar Mohideen and Anushree Roy of the University of California, Riverside. In practice, rather than using two parallel plates, which would require phenomenally accurate alignment to ensure they were parallel, the experiments use one plate that is flat and another plate that is a part of a sphere with a very large radius.
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In the same evening of 10 May the third car, III-2203, that experimentally had been fitted with bulletproof Michelin tyres, positioned itself on the southern edge of Delft, without making enemy contact, but in vain trying to shoot down a low-flying German aircraft with the main gun. On 11 May III-2203 was ordered to support an advance over the Delft-Rotterdam highway. At first this met little enemy resistance, the main problem being that the car was fired upon by a fighter aircraft, that the vehicle commander recognised as a Dutch Fokker G.1. Then several Junkers Ju 52s were encountered, that had landed on the road and were now used by the German airborne troops as cover in the open polder landscape. Of one undamaged plane the DAF M39 shot off the engine; another, stuck in a ditch, was put on fire by some 37 mm HE-shells, fired at distance.
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Satellite View of the Upper Rhine Valley and the upper Rhine; on the top left are the Rhenish Slate Mountains; on the bottom right Lake Constance Sunset on the Rhine at Mannheim Theodor Heuss Bridge in Mainz Map of the Rhine, Upper Rhine marked in green Straightening monument viewed from the north Near Karlsruhe Integrated Rhine Programme (IRP) Polder under construction near Efringen-Kirchen The Upper Rhine (, ) is the section of the Rhine in the Upper Rhine Plain between Basel in Switzerland and Bingen in Germany. The river is marked by Rhine-kilometres 170 to 529 (the scale beginning in Konstanz and ending in Rotterdam). The Upper Rhine is one of four sections of the river (the others being the High Rhine, Middle Rhine and Lower Rhine) between Lake Constance and the North Sea. The countries and states along the Upper Rhine are Switzerland, France (Alsace) and the German states of Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse.
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Pumping station in Zoetermeer, the Netherlands: The polder lies lower than the surrounding water on the other side of the dike. The Archimedes' screws are clearly visible. The Netherlands is frequently associated with polders, as its engineers became noted for developing techniques to drain wetlands and make them usable for agriculture and other development. This is illustrated by the saying "God created the world, but the Dutch created the Netherlands".Cf. Forrest Clingerman, Brian Treanor, Martin Drenthen, David Utsler, Interpreting Nature: The Emerging Field of Environmental Hermeneutics, Fordham University Press, 1 sep. 2013. The sentence stems from a poem by Archibald Pitcairn (1652–1713): Tellurem fecere dei, sua littora Belgae. C.D. van Strien, British Travellers in Holland During the Stuart Period: Edward Browne and John Locke as Tourists in the United Provinces, Leiden 1993, 164. The Dutch have a long history of reclamation of marshes and fenland, resulting in some 3,000 polders nationwide. By 1961, about half of the country's land, , was reclaimed from the sea.
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When Caxton starts questioning the family, she quickly discovers that Arkeley is intent on offering them the vampire's curse, his now-warped psychology seeing this as the best way to reconcile his human side's love for his family and his vampire side's loathing of them. When Astarte and Angus refuse the curse, Arkeley quickly dispatches them, leaving Simon and Raleigh. Taking his offspring into protective custody, Caxton is hindered by the Arkeleys’ family history, her new status as a deputized U.S. Marshal, and her new boss, Special Deputy Fetlock. Pushed to her limit of endurance when Arkeley kills his former ally and mystic Vesta Polder and turns her into a half-dead, Caxton takes Carboy out of custody and tortures him- leaving him outside in a winter road with bare feet so that he will be forced to walk home and suffer from frostbite-, until he reveals enough of his hidden relationship with Arkeley for her to learn the location of his lair.
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The lowering of the diphthongs has long been current in many Dutch dialects and is comparable to the English Great Vowel Shift and the diphthongisation of long high vowels in Modern High German, which had centuries earlier reached the state now found in Polder Dutch. Stroop theorizes that the lowering of open- mid to open diphthongs is a phonetically "natural" and inevitable development and that Dutch, after it had diphthongised the long high vowels like German and English, "should" have lowered the diphthongs like German and English as well. Instead, he argues that the development has been artificially frozen in an "intermediate" state by the standardisation of Dutch pronunciation in the 16th century in which lowered diphthongs found in rural dialects were perceived as ugly by the educated classes and were accordingly declared substandard. Now, however, he thinks that the newly-affluent and independent women can afford to let that natural development take place in their speech.
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Nearby is the Kolk van Dussen; the kolk also owes its existence to a breach in the dike, later repaired. In 1640 the entire Kolk was diked in: the reed growing in it belonged to the churches of Aartswoud and Hoogwoud (the Kolk was in the separate municipality of Hoogwoud, which merged with Opmeer in 1979). The soil level in the reed grounds had risen more than a foot and a half above the surrounding land, and thus the reed harvest became less each year, the reed being a source of income for the churches. They asked to be allowed to polder in the entire area, and despite protests from the other landowners (who would have to sell their land to the province and would also have been responsible for payments to maintain the dike) the Kolk was surrounded by a dike—the Omringdijk already protected the north, and a high dike was constructed in the south.
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However, Simonds appreciated the problems imposed by the polder country and the Germans concentrating their forces at the few "land bridges". He planned to use amphibious vehicles known as "Buffalos" to travel across the flooded countryside to outflank the German forces. Simonds planned to strike both at the Leopold canal and at the rear of the Breskens Pocket via an amphibious landing at the Braakman inlet. A two- pronged assault commenced. The Canadian 3rd Division's 7th Brigade made the initial assault across the Leopold Canal, while the 9th Brigade mounted the amphibious attack from the northern (coastal) side of the pocket. The 7th Brigade was known as the "Western Brigade" in the Canadian Army as its three regiments were all from western Canada with the Canadian Scottish Regiment coming from Victoria area, the Regina Rifles from the Regina area, and the Royal Winnipeg Rifles from the Winnipeg area, while the 9th Brigade was known as the "Highland brigade" as its three regiments were all Highland regiments with two coming from Ontario and another from Nova Scotia.
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In 2002, Cherribi directed, produced and wrote a play, To be or not to be in the Polder. In 2010, Cherribi published In The House of War: Dutch Islam Observed. This book, published by Oxford University Press, discusses "‘the trifecta of coercion’ on Muslims in the Netherlands and Europe, being: expectations and pressures from Islamic orthodoxy, from European society, and from their daily lives in the house of war (Dar al Harb)." The book employs many of philosopher-sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s theories, including Bourdieu’s "five laws" for analyzing the development of Islam in Europe (The Algerians). Professor Terry Rey of Temple University, a notable Bourdieu scholar, praised Cherribi, saying: "To my knowledge the only student of Bourdieu’s to have thus far employed his theory of practice in a book length study of religion is Sam Cherribi" (The Oxford Handbook of Pierre Bourdieu, 307-308). In 2017, Oxford Press published Cherribi's Fridays of Rage, an in-depth analysis of Al Jazeera’s inception and its role in impacting the public views of the Arab world.
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Copp, Terry & Vogel, Robert, Maple Leaf Route: Scheldt, Alma: Maple Leaf Route, 1985 page 52 The fighting at Wouwsche Plantage was considered so important that Field Marshal Montgomery arrived at the headquarters of the 4th Canadian Division to press Forster for speed, but Forster protested that the flat polder country made speed impossible.Copp, Terry & Vogel, Robert, Maple Leaf Route: Scheldt, Alma: Maple Leaf Route, 1985 pages 49050 One company of the Lincoln and Welland Regiment lost 50% of its men in a single day's fighting, while an advance company of the Algonquin Regiment was cut off and surrounded by the Wehrmacht, requiring desperate fighting to break out.Copp, Terry & Vogel, Robert, Maple Leaf Route: Scheldt, Alma: Maple Leaf Route, 1985 pages 49-50 The Canadian advance towards Bergen op Zoom forced Rundstedt to redeploy the elite 6th Parachute Regiment, which until then had been blocking the 2nd Canadian Division on the Beveland isthmus to the defense of Bergen op Zoom. By October 24, Allied lines were pushed out further from the neck of the peninsula, ensuring German counterattacks would not cut off the 2nd Canadian Division, by then moving west along it towards Walcheren island.
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