83 Sentences With "panoptic" | Random Sentence Generator

Then, in a panoptic digital age, is personal privacy a thing of the past?

And it is these agreements that enable the panoptic surveillance system described by Lopez.

Even small A.I. breakthroughs, the show suggests, will make life a joyless panoptic lab experiment.

Journey inside the Panoptic Studio, which is giving robots the super senses necessary to explore our world.

But ironically, health is the one space where all the panoptic frills of smart devices seem appropriate.

Some are all-seeing, panoptic; others are yearning and blinkered, unable to return the gaze they attract.

To call these morals or messages does a disservice to the novel's rangy storytelling and panoptic curiosity.

The villain invoked is the rapacious watcher — the bilateral, panoptic "telescreen" in Winston's home — backed by ruthless violence.

Eclectrc Panoptic will be on view at the University of Edinburgh's Talbot Rice Gallery until October 8, 2016.

After my visit to the Panoptic Studio, I wanted to try the cutting edge of social VR for myself.

Also overrepresented were bosses: managers enjoying new "transparency" and "efficiencies," suddenly given a panoptic view of a freshly renovated virtual office.

To get to the Panoptic Studio at Carnegie Mellon University, you take an elevator down four flights to a dingy sub-basement.

They suggest that one solution to what Gandy called the "panoptic sort" is to smash the tools that enable such sorting to take place.

The Panoptic Studio is a new body scanner created by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University that will be used to understand body language in real situations.

Meanwhile, in macro-level poems like "The Genius of Industry" and "September 11," McGrath has attempted to construct a panoptic vision of this country's history and prospects.

Yet the paper-based system was too frail and difficult to manage efficiently, and the dystopian dream of panoptic population control by an all-seeing state failed.

More important, it's an art historical tour de force: a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media — paper, chalk, and ink.

The panoptic audiovisual installation of security cameras by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer and Krzystof Wodiczko, shown by Carroll / Fletcher, addressed the predatory nature of security technologies and was frankly mesmerizing.

But it's a particularly interesting manifestation of panoptic quantified-life tech, and one that it's not hard to imagine cropping up again in the future — not just in patent filings.

This panoptic view of ocean activity can be further bolstered with drones, aquatic robots, and virtual reality experiences, McCauley said, which could help the public make meaningful connections with marine life.

Except that one can just as readily ask: If you have nothing to hide, what do you really have, aside from the panoptic attention of a state, which itself keeps secrets?

But understanding how this came to be first requires a panoptic survey of everything from the world of the Late Cretaceous period to the 1990s rise of right-wing politics in Mongolia.

Hall described Thatcherism as a project to "reshape common sense", and argued in the late 1970s that left-wingers had to develop a similarly panoptic programme if they were ever to win power.

In "Latin History for Morons," a panoptic survey of two millenniums of oppression in the Americas, he tosses off dozens of quick character sketches that feel exactly as true as they are likely inaccurate.

Now that anyone, even on the mainstream internet, can be an anthropomorphized ad campaign, Instagram now faces the same uncertainty online dating has dealt with since the panoptic cerclejerk that is Catfish became a thing.

A growing array of satellites and sensors, including some on disputed islets, can funnel panoptic targeting data to this wide array of missiles, making it dangerous for hulking American aircraft-carriers to station themselves near flashpoints.

To give people this kind of view — this kind of panoptic perceptron that allows them to see connections in the landscape that they couldn't see before — is a power that I'm really pleased to be able to present in the form of an interactive networked artwork.

With 133 drawings by the beyond-famous artist on loan from some 50 front-rank collections, this show is a curatorial coup and an art history tour de force: a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media (paper, chalk and ink).

With 2212 drawings by the beyond-famous artist on loan from some 2535 front-rank collections, this show is a curatorial coup and an art historical tour de force: a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media: paper, chalk and ink.

With 133 drawings by the beyond-famous artist on loan from some 50 front-rank collections, this show is a curatorial coup and an art historical tour de force, a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media: paper, chalk and ink.

With 2219 drawings by the beyond-famous artist on loan from some 21222 front-rank collections, this show is a curatorial coup and an art historical tour de force: a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media: paper, chalk and ink.

With 133 drawings by the beyond-famous artist on loan from some 50 front-rank collections, this show is a curatorial coup and an art historical tour de force: a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media: paper, chalk and ink.

With 133 drawings by the beyond-famous artist on loan from some 1903 front-rank collections, this show is a curatorial coup and an art historical tour de force: a panoptic view of a titanic career as recorded in the most fragile of media: paper, chalk and ink.

In Eclectrc Panoptic, her new installation on view at the University of Edinburgh's Talbot Rice Gallery, created in association with the Edinburgh Digital Entertainment Festival, artist Jess Johnson has drawn inspiration from the culture of technology within Herbert's epic as well as visual influence from the work of surrealist Alejandro Jodorowsky.

For better or worse, the views framed by floor-to-ceiling windows can also be strikingly miscellaneous, ranging from broad vistas of the Hudson and lofty bird's-eye views of Manhattan to cropped glimpses of empty streets, the backsides of neighboring buildings, or panoptic surveys of the central courtyard and its surrounding apartment units.

I'm not surprised there's not a sequence where they're giving Norway a tour of their gaming house on Youtube: "Hey guys, Team Panoptic here..." It's one of the weirdest, most audacious pieces of product placement since the Prince of Persia: Two Thrones debacle on Life, where a group of LAPD detectives "hack" a drug dealer's secret database by having his little sister play through the entire game until a cutscene triggers and a spreadsheet fills the screen.

The school newspaper is The Panoptic. The Trojan Yearbook is published every year.

Collaborative mapping initiatives utilising GPS technology are arguably omniopticons, with the ability to reverse the panoptic gaze.

By concealing itself in the shadows, the eye can intensify all its powers.” Miller, Jacques-Alain. Miller, Richard. 1987, ‘Jeremy Bentham’s Panoptic Device, October, vol.

Miller, Richard. 1987, ‘Jeremy Bentham’s Panoptic Device, October, vol.41, pp.3-29 The idea of this prison is to have control over what is visible and invisible.

Technical crew is Ambient Studios and Panoptic Media. Jerry Springer is the second American talk show host to travel to Cuba, after Conan O'Brien, for the Jerry Springer Podcast.

In 2017, Panoptic Group, sold an abandoned apartment building in Lakeview that was in the process of being demolished and renovated to Howard Brown for about 3.2 million, with both agencies agreeing that Panoptic would complete the exterior of the new building, and Howard Brown would complete the interior. But Panoptic left their part unfinished with defects, which resulted in Howard Brown suing the company's principle, Bogdan Popvych, for $1.9 million in December 2018 and winning the suit. Howard Brown received a demolition permit for the incomplete building in July 2019 and finished the demolition in August of the same year. At this site, Howard Brown plans to build a 20,000 square foot, five story building that would hold youth programs and clinical services.

The name of the company derives from the word 'panoptic', which is derived from Hellenistic Greek παν- (pan-), meaning 'all, wholly, entirely, altogether',"pan-, comb. form." OED Online, 3rd edn. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005). and ὀπτός (optos), meaning 'seen, visible'.

The commodification of surveillance in exchange for services has tended to normalise data collection and create indifference to panoptic developments in technology. One of the major issues with Panopticism in the Smart Cities context is that the 'surveillance gaze' is mediated by the selective biases of the operators of any application or technology, as was shown by a study on the use of CCTV cameras in the UK, where the "usual suspects" tended to be targeted more frequently. In Durban, this panoptic "gaze" extends based on CCTV operator intuition due to a normalisation of the characteristics of criminals.

Detail of the north frieze of the Siphnian Treasury at Delphi A panoramic (or panoptic) narrative is a narrative that depicts multiple scenes and actions without the repetition of characters. Actions may be in a sequence or represent simultaneous actions during an event.

By "carceral culture, Foucault refers to a culture in which the panoptic model of surveillance has been diffused as a principle of social organization." Foucault used Jeremy Bentham's prison reforms, which included architectural plans for the Panopticon as a "representative model for what happens to society in the nineteenth century." Although few of Bentham's Panopticon's were actually built, his plans included a central tower with individual cells that prevent interaction with each other while being constantly under the gaze of the panoptic tower, which can "pan" and see everything. Foucault quoted a 19th-century legal scholar who argued that Bentham's design was an event 'in the history of the human mind'.

It was released on CD by Pi Recordings in 2013. In 1996, Iyer began collaborating with saxophonist Rudresh Mahanthappa, resulting in five albums under Iyer's name (Architextures (1998), Panoptic Modes (2001), Blood Sutra (2003), Reimagining (2005), and Tragicomic (2008)), three under Mahanthappa's name (Black Water, Mother Tongue, Code Book), and a duo album, Raw Materials (2004).

The Story's contribution to the split vinyl LP The Dawn Is Crowned was described by Doug Mosurak of Dusted Magazine as "panoptic in scope and fairly timeless, interjecting frills and fantasy elements into solid, warm musicianship". While UnbrokenCircle's Mark Coyle described the song "Road To Ascension" as "a masterpiece of any era" and the vocal harmonies as "incredible with an un-attributable psychedelic air".

41, pp.3-29 For Bentham, “reality is worth no more than the appearance it produces.”Miller, Jacques-Alain. Miller, Richard. 1987, ‘Jeremy Bentham’s Panoptic Device, October, vol.41, pp.3-29 Consequently, one could study the behavioral patterns of the inmates as a consequence of their surroundings. For the fear and unknowing of being watched by the observer, the users of this space behave aptly.

During that time, the deputy sheriffs had to prevent people from breaking in. It was authorized and constructed after the Northridge earthquake damaged the historic Hall of Justice in the city. Security at the facility centers on a panoptic design that allows deputies and officers in a central control room to look through secure optical material to see into all areas of the facility.

In The Guardian, Nicholas Lezard described the book as "a huge and necessary contribution to our understanding of this chilling subject". He describes the book as both panoptic and intimate, in that it gives the big picture while humanizing the story with anecdotes. According to a review by Keith Kahn-Harris in The Independent, the book "renders the unimaginable evil of the camps relatable".

Oscar Gandy in 1993 claimed that in the age of digital media, people probably do not have any privacy. He stated that “the panoptic sort is an antidemocratic system of control that cannot be transformed because it can serve no purpose other than that for which it was designed — the rationalization and control of human existence.” Gandy demanded creation of an agency that would ensure the survival of privacy.Gandy, Oscar H., 1993.

The panoptic sort: A political economy of personal information. p. 227. From a policy perspective, according to Schement and Curtis (1994),Schement, Jorge Reina and Curtis, Terry, 1994. Tendencies and tensions of the information age: The production and distribution of information in the United States privacy is seen “as security against intrusion by government”. According to Garfinkel (2000) “Privacy isn’t just about hiding things. It’s about self–possession, autonomy, and integrity.” Garfinkel, 2000, p.

Nemorin, Selena (2017) Post-panoptic pedagogies: the changing nature of school surveillance in the digital age. Surveillance and Society, 15 (2). pp. 239-253. ISSN 1477-7487 A possible 85-90% of secondary schools used CCTV in Britain, according to statistics claimed by Big Brother Watch. Cameras are also installed on buses to prevent violence, theft, illegal activity by students or drivers and as evidence against motorists who violate traffic laws regarding school buses.

Panorama, gives a panoptic view of the events and activities of the college, the achievements and ventures of various departments, laurels earned by the students in examinations and various competitions, the work done by the Alumnae Association and a myriad other things associated with the college. Panorama is the outcome of the combined effort by Professor Jayita Mukhopadhyay, Professor Sanchita Gupta and Professor Devalina Gopalan under the editorship of Professor Priyadarshini Sircar.

In his work after Discipline and Punish, Foucault became interested in a related question. Instead of looking at panoptic forms of control, he became interested in how people use information to think about themselves. He sometimes referred to this a study of 'ethics', other times he used the grander title: 'technologies of the self'. Foucault studied two related issues: what information was on hand and what people chose to do with the information.

The film received mixed to positive reviews from critics, and holds a 100% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The film's cinematrography, score, and acting were praised for heightening suspense, while the direction and story were criticized for falling flat in places. EJ Oakley of The Panoptic gave it 4 out of 5 stars, and praised the performances of Lafitte and Bajrami, while noting that the film did not satisfactorily tie up all of its loose ends and subplots.

Paranapiacaba was established as a company town for the employees of São Paulo Railway, a privately owned British railway company. A large industrial complex, which the district is known for, lies off the main road from Rio Grande da Serra, on the way into the main village. The growth of this centre was facilitated by the railway, transporting cargo and people from inside Paulista to the port of Santos. The village design has been characterized as being panoptic.

Accessories produced by Meade include the series 5000 eyepieces that are comparable in construction to those of Chester, New York-based Tele Vue Optical's "Nagler" (82-degree field of view), "Panoptic" (68-degree field of view), and "Radian" (60-degree field of view) eyepieces. Meade sells Deep Sky and Lunar digital imagers for telescopes. They also market the mySKY & mySKY Plus, multi-media GPS devices guiding users to the sky, similar to the competing Celestron SkyScout.

In examining the construction of the prison as the central means of criminal punishment, Foucault builds a case for the idea that prison became part of a larger "carceral system" that has become an all-encompassing sovereign institution in modern society. Prison is one part of a vast network, including schools, military institutions, hospitals, and factories, which build a panoptic society for its members. This system creates "disciplinary careers"Discipline and Punish, p.300 (1977) for those locked within its corridors.

He is commemorated nearby with the rue Louis- Hippolyte Lebas, Paris IXe. He built the former prison of Petite Roquette, (1826-1836, demolished 1974), which was the first example in France of a progressive panoptic prison. Lebas taught the History of Architecture at the École des Beaux-Arts, from 1840 to 1863. In this teaching role, applying the art-historical method of Johann Joachim Winckelmann to the study of historical architecture, he set a mark on several generations of young French architects.

Delle, James A. (1999) The Landscapes of Class Negotiation on Coffee Plantations in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica: 1790–1850. Historical Archaeology 33(1): 136–158. Pp. 151 This was largely done through architectural techniques such as incorporating positions where panoptic views can be achieved into the construction of planters and/or overseers homes or by constructing slave villages that were in the plain view or line of sight of the homes of the overseer and/or plantation owner.Armstrong, Douglas V, and Kenneth G. Kelly (2000).

Stanley stopped using the name Robinson and changed his signature as a consequence of being robbed of his cheque book during the early days of his business. Stanley produced a 'Panoptic Stereoscope' in 1855, which was financially successful. Stereoscopes had sold for five shillings each – Stanley discovered a simpler method to make them, which enable him to sell them for one shilling. He was able to take an additional shops at 3–4 Great Turnstile and 286 High Holborn, as well as a skilled assistant.

However, since users participate in this unequal environment, in which corporations hold most of the power and in which the user is obliged to accept the bad faith offers made by the corporations, users are operating in an environment that ultimately controls, shapes and molds them to think and behave in a certain way, depriving them of privacy. In direct response to the panoptic and invasive forms of tracking manifesting themselves within the digital realm, some have turned to : a form of inverse surveillance in which users can record those who are surveilling them, thereby empowering themselves. This form of counter surveillance, often used through small wearable recording devices, enables the subversion of corporate and government panoptic surveillance by holding those in power accountable and giving people a voice––a permanent video record––to push back against government abuses of power or malicious behavior that may go unchecked. The television, along with the remote control, is also argued to be conditioning humans into habitually repeating that which they enjoy without experiencing genuine surprise or even discomfort, a critique of the television similar to that of those made against information silos on social media sites today.

"Vue circulaire des montagnes qu‘on decouvre du sommet du Glacier de Buet", from Horace-Benedict de Saussure, Voyage dans les Alpes, précédés d'un essai sur l'histoire naturelle des environs de Geneve. Neuchatel, 1779–96, pl. 8. The device of the panorama existed in painting, particularly in murals, as early as 20 A.D., in those found in Pompeii, as a means of generating an immersive "panoptic" experience of a vista. Cartographic experiments during the Enlightenment era preceded European panorama painting and contributedas argued in Oettermann, Stephan, The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium. trans.

In 1915, Francis A. Welch and William Noah Allyn invented the world's first hand-held direct illuminating ophthalmoscope,Hoovers Citation precursor to the device now used by clinicians around the world. This refinement and updating of von Helmholtz's invention enabled ophthalmoscopy to become one of the most ubiquitous medical screening techniques in the world today. The company Welch Allyn started as a result of this invention. In the 1970s a new ophthalmoloscope was developed with a larger primary lens allowing a 5x larger field-of-view, called the "Panoptic" or "pan ophthalmoscope".

The model has also been used to investigate how students communicate and reflect on their learning (Berry & Hamilton, 2006). A special issue of the Electronic Journal of Communication showcased the versatility of the communicative ecology approach (Hearn & Foth, 2007). In this issue, Allison (2007) looked at the communicative ecology from the perspective of the individual, whereas Wilkin, Ball-Rokeach, Matsaganis and Cheong (2007) used a panoptic perspective to compare the ecologies of geo- ethnic communities. Peeples and Mitchell (2007) used the model to explore the social activity of protest.

He did not patent the Panoptic, so it was soon copied around the world, but he had sold enough to provide the capital required to manufacture scientific instruments. In 1861 he invented a straight line dividing machine for which he won first prize in the 1862 International Exhibition in London. Stanley brought out the first catalogue of his products in 1864. By the fifth edition, Stanley was able to list important customers such as several government departments, the Army, the Royal Navy, railways at home and abroad, and London University.

Baumard received his early education at the Military Academies of Saint-Cyr-l'École(1983) and Aix-en-Provence (1985). He studied industrial and international economics at the University of Aix-Marseille II, and published his first book, Strategy and Surveillance of Competitive Environments Baumard P. (1991), Strategie et surveillance des environnements concurrentiels, Paris: Masson while a graduate student. This early work foresaw the rise of a global knowledge-driven economy where surveillance provides a source of capitalist gains. Baumard coined it the "neo-panoptic economy", inspired by Jeremy Bentham's panopticon, and Michel Foucault's Discipline and Punish.

The limited accessibility and semiotic significance of heights afford political and ideological control to its inhabitants, who maintain a panoptic view of control over those below. Heights traditionally held religious significance as well, as attested in the numerous theophanic accounts shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam (resources requested for this statement, particularly for Islam). The decision to build on Mount Zion furthermore situated the Nea within the dialogue of the other two sacred religious buildings that occupied highpoints in the city, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre on Golgotha and the Basilica of Hagia Sion on Mount Zion.

"Panoptic Bodies. Black Eunuchs in the Topkapi Palace", Scroope: Cambridge Architecture Journal, No.15, 2003, pp.16–20. One of the most powerful Chief Eunuchs was Beshir Agha in the 1730s, who played a crucial role in establishing the Ottoman version of Hanafi Islam throughout the Empire by founding libraries and schools. The entire Devşirme system, where the children of Christian families in the Balkans, unable to pay the onerous jizya tax, were taken away, and, depending upon their sex, became either concubines, in the case of the girls, or, in the case of the boys, were conscripted into Janissary Corps or became eunuchs.

The concept of panopticon has been referenced in early discussions about the impact of social media. The notion of dataveillance was coined by Roger Clarke in 1987, since then academic researchers have used expressions such as superpanopticon (Mark Poster 1990), panoptic sort (Oscar H. Gandy Jr. 1993) and electronic panopticon (David Lyon 1994) to describe social media. Because the controlled is at the center and surrounded by those who watch, early surveillance studies treat social media as a reverse panopticon. In modern academic literature on social media, terms like lateral surveillance, social searching, and social surveillance are employed to critically evaluate the effects of social media.

She played the role of Apolline, the ringleader of a group of six intellectually gifted students facing off against their substitute teacher (played by Laurent Lafitte) in Sébastien Marnier's 2019 film School's Out, adapted from the eponymous novel by Christophe Dufossé. She was praised for her portrayal of Apolline, with EJ Oakley of The Panoptic stating that "Luana Bajrami is particularly menacing as the verbose and morose Apolline". Bajrami was praised for her portrayal of Sophie in the 2019 independent French film Portrait of a Lady on Fire. That same year, she played the role of Emma in Cedric Khan's Happy Birthday, which focused on a dysfunctional family reunion.

It is used to capture the context in the image. The decoder structure utilizes transposed convolution layers for upsampling so that the end dimensions are close to that of the input image. Skip connections are placed between convolution and transposed convolution layers of the same shape in order to preserve details that would have been lost otherwise. In addition to pixel-level semantic segmentation tasks which assign a given category to each pixel, modern segmentation applications include instance-level semantic segmentation tasks in which each individual in a given category must be uniquely identified, as well as panoptic segmentation tasks which combines these two tasks to provide a more complete scene segmentation.

Alex Macpherson of Fact said that, apart from its interesting music, Rated R is important for how Rihanna has "seized back control of her public story" during "our current panoptic age". Sarah Rodman of The Boston Globe praised it as a brief look at both Rihanna's development as an artist and "the confluence of tabloid culture and pop art". For MSN Music, Robert Christgau gave the album a two-star honorable mention, indicating a "likable effort consumers attuned to its overriding aesthetic or individual vision may well enjoy." He cited "Hard" and "Rude Boy" as highlights and credited Rihanna for "concocting a persona of interest out of one dynamite musical trick" and a difficult period in her personal life.

The most influential aspect of _The Practice of Everyday Life_ has emerged from scholarly interest in de Certeau’s distinction between the concepts of strategy and tactics. De Certeau links "strategies" with institutions and structures of power who are the "producers", while individuals are "consumers" acting in environments defined by strategies by using "tactics". In the influential chapter "Walking in the City", de Certeau asserts that "the city" is generated by the strategies of governments, corporations, and other institutional bodies who produce things like maps that describe the city as a unified whole. De Certeau uses the vantage from the World Trade Center in New York to illustrate the idea of a panoptic, unified view.

The device of the panorama existed in painting, particularly in murals as early as 20 A.D. in those found in Pompeii, as a means of generating an immersive 'panoptic' experience of a vista, long before the advent of photography. In the century prior to the advent of photography, and from 1787, with the work of Robert Barker, it reached a pinnacle of development in which whole buildings were constructed to house 360° panoramas, and even incorporated lighting effects and moving elements. Indeed, the careers of one of the inventors of photography, Daguerre, began in the production of popular panoramas and dioramas. The idea and longing to create a detailed cityscape without a paintbrush, inspired Friedrich von Marten.

The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek said, "Blood Sutra only adds more luster to Iyer's presence on the short list of forward- looking jazz creators these days. His muse still tends towards the severe but there's no denying the individuality and the fact he doesn't make the listening easy is also precisely what makes it so rewarding". Writing for All About Jazz, Dan McCleneghan observed, "An initial listen to Blood Sutra had me thinking "no new ground broken here" since Panoptic Modes and You Life Flashes (Pi Records, 2002) by Fieldwork, an Iyer trio vehicle. But a "sit down and concentrate on the sounds" session reveals nuances and subtle shadings creeping in ... Vijay Iyer evolves in fascinating fashion".

For just as large institutions, such as governments or corporations, store information about the buying habits of the public through an integrated surveillance highway that has a ubiquitous computing infrastructure, individuals can act as consumer activists though a system of inverse surveillance that is based upon a wearable computing infrastructure that assists in maximizing personal privacy and alerting one of information being recorded about the self. Such actions could lead to an equiveillant state, as power and respect are shared. Panoptic surveillance was described by Michel Foucault in the context of a prison in which prisoners were isolated from each other but visible at all times by guards. Surveillance tends to isolate individuals from one another while setting forth a one-way visibility to authority figures.

Nielsen's early research (from 2009–2013) focuses primarily on how subjects, on the one hand, are socially constructed, and on the other, actively resist sociopolitical, economic, cultural, and other forces in order to shape their subjectivities. For example, her work on Frederick Douglass and Frantz Fanon analyzes how racialized and colonized subjectivities are constructed and highlights how agents employ various strategies in order to resist, reconfigure, and subvert dehumanizing structures, discourses, and practices. Her work on Foucault and Douglass shows how Douglass was cognizant of the disciplinary power at work in Covey's panoptic gaze. In light of her background and experience as a jazz musician, Nielsen frequently brings music, and jazz in particular, into conversation with philosophy, discussing not only the philosophical and theoretical aspects of music, but also the ethical and sociopolitical dimensions.

Fire Research and Safety Act of 1968 was a declaration for a panoptic fire research and safety program advocated by President Lyndon Johnson on February 16, 1967. The Act of Congress established a National Commission on Fire Prevention and Control while encompassing more effective measures for fire hazards protection with the potentiality of death, injury, and damage to property. The U.S. statute petitioned a nationwide collection of comprehensive fire data with emphasis on a United States fire research program, fire safety education and training programs, demonstrations of new approaches and improvements in fire control and prevention resulting in the reduction of death, personal injury, and property damage. The S. 1124 legislation was passed by the 90th Congressional session and enacted by the 36th President of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson on March 1, 1968.

Compounded with the relative opaqueness of data storage by governments, critics argue that individual privacy can be curtailed massively through residence in a smart city with little recourse for individuals. Government surveillance is arguably driven by paternalistic desires to protect citizens, however the individualistic and tailor-made benefits delivered by smart city technology may reduce autonomy. This holds particularly true in light of the shift towards predictive policing that occurs within the smart city environment. Whilst nobly intended, such unilateral actions by a Government may be seen as oppressive – with the omnipotent role assumed by the Government seen as giving rise to that of a panoptic institution. Modern cities are increasingly valuing privacy and digital security, as evidenced by the latest “The Economist Safest Cities Index 2015”, where a Digital Security metric was incorporated alongside traditional measures of safety such as Personal Security and Health.

The motion picture industry has had a steady presence in the state for decades. Production companies include Hemlock Films, Tri-C, Access Video, Creative Technology, Second Story Productions, and Shadetree Films in the Cleveland area; Media Magic Productions, which includes an Emmy-winning producer, and Classic Worldwide Productions in the Toledo area; BCB Productions, Mills James, one of the nation's largest independent production companies, I'AMedia, Arginate Studios, Media Source, and Ascension 7 Films in the Columbus area; and Bright Light Productions, J. Cage Productions, and Panoptic Media in the southwestern Ohio area.Production Companies Studios and sound stages include RISE Studios and CSI Production Concepts in Cincinnati, Cleveland Audio Visual, and Gaiam Inc. in West Chester. Since the Ohio Film Tax Credit was signed in July 2009, twelve projects have received approval with a combined budget of $76.4 million through spring 2011. The legislation makes eligible projects over $300,000 in production costs to receive up to 25% reimbursement up to $5 million and 35% for locally employing.