Gram-positive, nonmotile, acid-fast coccobacillus (0.5-0.8 µm x 0.7-1.7 µm), does not form spores, capsules or aerial hyphae.
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Mycobacterium interjectum is Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast rods (0.6-1.0 µm x 0.7-2.0 µm). Filaments (up to 6.0 µm) possible.
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Alkanindiges hongkongensis is a gram-negative, aerobic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Alkanindiges, which was isolated from the parotid abscess of a patient.
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Moraxella lacunata is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative, nonmotile bacterium, generally present as diploid pairs. It causes one of the commonest forms of catarrhal conjunctivitis.
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Luteimonas vadosa is aerobic, Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, nonmotile, rod- shaped bacterium. Its type strain is KMM 9005(T) ( = NRIC 0881(T) = JCM 18392(T)).
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Alloiococcus is a genus of Gram-positive and nonmotile bacteria from the family of Carnobacteriaceae.UniProt Only one species of this genus is known (Alloiococcus otitis).
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Undibacterium pigrum is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase positive, non- spore-forming, and nonmotile bacterium of the genus Undibacterium, which was found in drinking water.
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Pediastrum is a genus of green algae, in the family Hydrodictyaceae. It is a photoautotrophic, nonmotile coenobial (fixed number of cells) green algae that inhabits freshwater environments.
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Psychrobacter oceani is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from a sample of marine sediment from the Pacific Ocean.
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This resulted in an observable bacterial deposition despite the very high electrostatic repulsive energy from the DLVO prediction. The motility of bacteria also has a significant effect on the bacterial adhesion. Nonmotile and motile bacteria showed different behavior in deposition experiments. At the same ionic strength, motile bacteria showed greater adhesion to the surface than nonmotile bacteria and motile bacteria can attach to the surface of the collector at high repulsive electrostatic force.
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Psychrobacter fozii is a psychrophilic, oxidase-positive, halotolerant, Gram- negative, nonmotile coccobacillus with a strictly oxidative metabolism, first isolated from Antarctic environments. Its type strain is NF23T (=LMG 21280T =CECT 5889T).
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Curvibacter lanceolatus is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus Curvibacter and family Comamonadaceae, which was isolated from well water.. Colonies of C. lanceolatus are yellow–brown in color.
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Glaciimonas immobilis is a psychrophilic, nonmotile, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Glaciimonas which was isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite. Phylogenetic analysis has shown it to belong to the family Oxalobacteraceae.
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Eubacterium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Eubacteriaceae. These bacteria are characterised by a rigid cell wall. They may either be motile or nonmotile. If motile, they have a flagellum.
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Pasteurella testudinis is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, rod-shaped species of bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae. Strains of this species were isolated from desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizi). P. testudinis may be pathogenic in tortoises.
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Polaromonas hydrogenivorans is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, psychrotolerant bacterium from the genus Polaromonas, which was isolated from Alaskan forest soil. P. hydrogenivorans has the ability to oxidize hydrogen and its colonies are white.
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Polaromonas jejuensis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod- shaped, nonmotile bacterium from the genus Polaromonas, which was isolated from soil from Halla Mountain on Jeju Island in Korea. Its colonies are pale yellow.
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M. hassiacum is a gram-positive, nonmotile bacteria with partially acid-fast rods. The scotochromogenic colonies are yellow, moist, and slimy when grown at 37 °C. Distinct and drier colonies form when grown at 60 °C.
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Psychrobacter luti is a species of bacterium first isolated from Antarctic environments. It is a psychrophilic, oxidase-positive, halotolerant, Gram- negative, nonmotile coccobacillus with a strictly oxidative metabolism. Its type strain is NF11T (=LMG 21276T =CECT 5885T).
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Comamonas zonglianii is a Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase- and catalase- positive, nonmotile bacterium from the genus Comamonas and family Comamonadaceae, which was isolated from a phenol-contaminated soil. Colonies of C. zonglianii are pale yellow in color.
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Mycobacterium abscessus cells are Gram-positive, nonmotile, acid-fast rods about 1.0–2.5 µm long by 0.5 µm wide. They may form colonies on Löwenstein–Jensen medium that appear smooth or rough, white or greyish, and nonphotochromogenic.
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Pasteurella stomatis, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans. These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite.
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Pasteurella langaa, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans. These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite.
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Flavobacterium is a genus of gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species.Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed., vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria) (D.
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Brucella inopinata is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, non-spore-forming coccoid bacterium, first isolated from a breast implant infection site. Its type strain is BO1T (=BCCN 09-01T =CPAM 6436T). It is a potential cause of brucellosis.
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Psychrobacter piscatorii is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, psychrotolerant, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from a fish-processing plant.Taxonomy Browser The temperature where Psychrobacter piscatorii was isolated was about 8 °C.
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Acinetobacter radioresistens is a species of radiation-resistant bacteria. It is Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, not spore-forming, nonmotile, nonfermentative, aerobic, pleomorphic, and coccobacilli-shaped. The type strain of this species is strain FO-1 (= IAM 13186).
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US Food and Drug Administration scientist tests for presence of Salmonella Most subspecies of Salmonella produce hydrogen sulfide, which can readily be detected by growing them on media containing ferrous sulfate, such as is used in the triple sugar iron test. Most isolates exist in two phases, a motile phase and a nonmotile phase. Cultures that are nonmotile upon primary culture may be switched to the motile phase using a Craigie tube or ditch plate. RVS broth can be used to enrich for Salmonella species for detection in a clinical sample.
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Limnohabitans parvus is a Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase- and catalase- positive, unpigmented, short-rod-shaped, nonmotile bacterium from the genus Limnohabitans, which was isolated with Limnohabitans planktonicus from the mesoeutrophic freshwater reservoir in Římov in the Czech Republic.
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P. canis is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that shows bipolar staining. P. canis forms small, grey-colored, round, and smooth colonies. It is also nonhaemolytic and nonmotile. P. canis is reported as aerobic and facultative anaerobic in different sources.
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Trueperella pyogenes is a species of bacteria that are nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic, and gram-positive. The cells typically measure 0.5 by 2.0 μm. They appear as pleomorphic or coccoid rods. They tend to be grouped singly, or in short chains.
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Mycobacterium heidelbergense is a Gram-positive, nonmotile, acid-fast coccobacillus. It is a species of the phylum Actinobacteria (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus Mycobacterium.
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Psychrobacter proteolyticus is a species of bacteria first isolated from the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. It excretes a cold-adapted metalloprotease. It is a strictly aerobic, strongly oxidase-positive, psychrotrophic, halotolerant, Gram-negative nonmotile coccobacillus; its type strain is CIP106830T (=DSM13887).
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B. megaterium has some phenotypic and phylogenetic similarities with pathogens B. anthracisDib, E. G. et al. Nonhemolytic, Nonmotile Gram-Positive Rods Indicative of Bacillus anthracis. Emerg Infect Dis. 9:1013–1015 (2003) and B. cereus, although itself being relatively harmless.
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Bacteroides caccae is a saccharolytic anaerobic, nonmotile Gram- negative bacteria. They have a DNA GC content of 40-46 mol %. Growth occurs at human temperature (37 °C) under anaerobic conditions. There is no growth at 25 °C or 45 °C.
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Thermodesulfobium narugense is a sulfate-reducing, strictly anaerobic and moderate thermophilic bacterium from the genus of Thermodesulfobium which has been isolated from a hot spring from Miyagi Prefecture in Japan. This microorganism is nonmotile, rod-shaped, Gram-negative and non-spore-forming.
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Paraburkholderia bryophila is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, and nonmotile bacterium of the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae. Research has shown that P. bryophila demonstrates anti-fungal activity against phytopathogens and the growth of plant-associated properties.
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The Pasteuriaceae are a family of nonmotile Gram-positive bacteria. They are moderately to strongly resistant to heat. Species in this family produce a septate mycelium with one refractile endospore. The mycelium grows bigger on one end to form sporangia and sometimes endospores.
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Pasteuria is a genus of mycelial and endospore-forming, nonmotile gram- positive bacteria that are obligate parasites of some nematodes and crustaceans. The genus of Pasteuria was previously classified within the family Alicyclobacillaceae, but has since been moved to the family Pasteuriaceae.
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Shigella sonnei is a species of Shigella. Together with Shigella flexneri, it is responsible for 90% of shigellosis cases. Shigella sonnei is named for the Danish bacteriologist Carl Olaf Sonne. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, nonmotile, non-spore-forming bacterium.
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Polaromonas naphthalenivorans is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase- positive, non-spore-forming, nonmotile bacterium from the genus Polaromonas, which was isolated from coal-tar contaminated freshwater sediment. P. naphthalenivorans has the ability to degrade naphthalene. Its colonies have a smooth and glistening surface.
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Ornithinibacter is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are strictly aerobic and mesophilic. Cells of the genus are irregular rods that form branching hyphae. The genus name refers to L-Ornithine, the major diagnostic diamino acid in the peptidoglycan.
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Bifidobacterium is a genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, often branched anaerobic bacteria. They are ubiquitous inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract, vagina and mouth (B. dentium) of mammals, including humans. Bifidobacteria are one of the major genera of bacteria that make up the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in mammals.
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Paraburkholderia acidipaludis is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase- positive, aerobic, aluminium-tolerant, non-spore-forming, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae, which was isolated from the Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) in Vietnam and Thailand. Colonies of Paraburkholderia acidipaludis are pale yellow.
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Pasteurella anatis, also Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans. These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. This species is found in chickens.
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Terrabacter koreensis is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are rod-shaped. It was initially isolated from soil from a flowerbed in Bucheon, South Korea. The species was first described in 2014, and its name refers to its South Korean isolation location.
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Terrabacter terrae is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are long, irregular rods. It was initially isolated from soil mixed with Iberian pig hair from Spain. The species was first described in 2005, and its name is derived from terrae (of the earth).
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Moraxella atlantae is a Gram-negative, oxidase-positive and catalase-positive, rod-shaped, nonmotile bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from aerobic blood cultures from a female cancer patient.uniProt M. atlantae is a rare opportunistic pathogen which can usually be treated by common antibiotics.
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Marihabitans is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are strictly aerobic and mesophilic. Cells of the genus are irregular rods or coccoid. The genus name is derived from Latin mare (sea) and habitans (inhabiting), referring to its original isolation from seawater.
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Pediastrum duplex is a species of fresh water green algae in the genus Pediastrum. They form nonmotile coenobia (colonies) with a fixed number of cells. These coenobia are flat and have a circular shape. The cell bodies are polygonal, are granulated and have horn-like projections.
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Shigella dysenteriae is a species of the rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. Shigella species can cause shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile bacteria. S. dysenteriae has the ability to invade and replicate in various species of epithelial cells and enterocytes.
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A. phytoseiuli tests negative for the Oxidase reaction, but catalase activity is detectable. Trypticase soy agar (TSA) or trypticase soy broth (TSB) are the appropriate growth media for this organism. G+C content is 57.7%. Acaricomes phytoseiuli is a Gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile and non-spore-forming organism.
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Intrasporangium is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, endosporeforming bacteria. The genus name refers to the ability to form sporangia intercalary in the mycelial hyphae. The family Intrasporangiaceae is named after the genus, and Intrasporangium is the type genus for the family. The genus was first proposed in 1967.
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Colonies are smooth, convex, and pink to red in color. The cells stain Gram positive, although its cell envelope is unusual and is reminiscent of the cell walls of Gram negative bacteria. D. radiodurans does not form endospores and is nonmotile. It is an obligate aerobic chemoorganoheterotroph, i.e.
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In taxonomy, Methanobacterium is a genus of the Methanobacteriaceae.See the NCBI webpage on Methanobacterium. Data extracted from the Despite the name, this genus belongs not to the bacterial domain but the archaeal domain (for instance, they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls). Methanobacterium are nonmotile and live without oxygen.
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Acidithiobacillus spp. occur as single cells or occasionally in pairs or chains, depending on growth conditions. Highly motile species have been described, as well as nonmotile ones. Motile strains have a single flagellum with the exception of A. albertensis, which has a tuft of polar flagellae and a glycocalyx.
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Pasteurella dagmatis is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans. These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. It has been known to cause serious disease in immunocompromised patients.
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Acinetobacter is a compound word from scientific Greek [α + κίνητο + βακτηρ(ία)], meaning nonmotile rod. The first element acineto- appears as a somewhat baroque rendering of the Greek morpheme ακίνητο-, commonly transliterated in English is akineto-, but actually stems from the French cinetique and was adopted directly into English.
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The disease is caused by bacteria called Avibacterium paragallinarum, which is a gram-negative bacterium. The bacterium is microaerophilic rod-shaped and is nonmotile. Its growth requires presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. There are three serovars A, B and C of A. paragallinarum that relate by immunotype specificity.
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Mycobacterium kubicae is a Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast bacterial species. Cells are typically rod-shaped, with some coccoid forms. Colonies of M. kubicae on solid media (specifically Middlebrook 7H11 agar) are generally smooth and domed, with a yellow scotochromogenic pigment. On Löwenstein-Jensen media they appear film-like.
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Terrabacter aeriphilus is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are either rods or coccoid. It was initially isolated from an air sample in Taean County, South Korea. The species was first described in 2010, and its name is derived from Latin aer (air), and Greek philos (loving).
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Terrabacter aerolatus is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are either rods or coccoid. It was initially isolated from an air sample in Jeju Province, South Korea. The species was first described in 2007, and its name is derived from Latin aer (air) and latus (carried).
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Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are short rods. It was initially isolated from ginseng soil from a farm near Pocheon, South Korea. The species was first described in 2010, and its name refers the bacteria's ability to transform ginsenosides into rare gypenosides.
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They range from spherical forms, such as Megasphaera and Veillonella, to curved rods, as typified by the selenomonads. Selenomonas has a characteristic crescent shape, with flagella inserted on the concave side, while Sporomusa is similar, but nonmotile. Their names refer to this distinctive morphology: selene means moon, and musa means banana.
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Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase- positive, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from human blood in Belgium.ATCCPublic Health EnglandUniProt Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus can cause humans infections such as endocarditis, peritonitis, and fungating lesion of the foot, but those infections caused by this bacterium are rare.
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Psychrobacter pulmonis is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from the lungs of lambs in Zaragoza in Spain. Taxonomy BrowserDeutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen It is coccus- shaped; the type strain is S-606T (=CECT 5989T =CCUG 46240T).
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Kribbia is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are facultatively anaerobic and mesophilic. Cells of the genus can be irregular rods or coccoid. The genus is named after the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), where research on the type species was performed.
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Lapillicoccus is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are strictly aerobic and mesophilic. Cells of the genus are coccoid. The genus name is derived from Latin lapillus (a little stone) and coccus, referring to its original isolation from a stone and the shape of the cells.
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Under a microscope, E. meningoseptica appears as slender, slightly-curved rods which are nonmotile and are negative by Gram stain. They do not form spores, and require oxygen to survive. E. meningoseptica is positive by the catalase test, the oxidase test, and the indole test. It is negative by the urease test.
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Arcanobacterium () is a genus of bacteria. They are gram-positive, non–acid fast, nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic, and non–endospore forming. They are widely distributed in nature in the microbiota of animals (including the human microbiota) and are mostly innocuous. Some can cause disease in humans and other animals (for example, Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infections).
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Terrabacter lapilli is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are short rods. It was initially isolated from a small stone from an agricultural field in Jeju Province, South Korea. The species was first described in 2008, and its name is derived from Latin lapilli (of a small stone).
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Bordetella holmesii is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Bordetella. It was named in recognition of Barry Holmes, a biologist. It is asaccharolytic, oxidase-negative, and nonmotile, producing a brown pigment. It is associated with sepsis, endocarditis, and respiratory illness, especially in immunocompromised patients, such as asplenic or AIDS patients.
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Conventional species identification is based on colony morphology, Gram-staining and biochemical tests. Colonies are small with a narrow zone of alpha hemolysis on blood agar plates. Laboratory smears show Gram-positive rods (though Gram stain has low sensitivity for this microbe). It is nonmotile, catalase- negative, microaerophilic, capnophilic, and non-spore-forming.
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Y. pestis is a nonmotile, stick-shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterium with bipolar staining (giving it a safety pin appearance) that produces an antiphagocytic slime layer. Similar to other Yersinia species, it tests negative for urease, lactose fermentation, and indole. Its closest relative is the gastrointestinal pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and more distantly Yersinia enterocolitica.
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Knoellia sinensis is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells can be irregular rods or coccoid. It was originally isolated from an air sample from cave soil from Reed Flute Cave in Guilin, China. K. sinensis was discovered along with K. subterranea.
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Knoellia aerolata is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells can be irregular rods or coccoid. It was originally isolated from an air sample from Suwon City, South Korea. The species name is derived from Latin aer (air) and latus (carried).
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Bacteroides is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria. Bacteroides species are non endospore-forming bacilli, and may be either motile or nonmotile, depending on the species. The DNA base composition is 40–48% GC. Unusual in bacterial organisms, Bacteroides membranes contain sphingolipids. They also contain meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan layer.
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The green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae) are a family of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria. Together with the non-photosynthetic Ignavibacteriaceae, they form the phylum Chlorobi. Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except Chloroherpeton thalassium, which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthesis. In contrast to plants, green sulfur bacteria mainly use sulfide ions as electron donors.
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Lapillicoccus jejuensis is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non- sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells are coccoid. The species was first described in 2007, and it was originally isolated a stone in Jeju, South Korea. The species name refers to the area (Jeju) from which it was first isolated.
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Knoellia locipacati is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells can be irregular rods or coccoid. It was originally isolated from soil from the Korean Demilitarized Zone. The species name is derived from Latin locus (a place, country region) and pacatus (pacified, peaceful, quiet).
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Pediococcus damnosus is a species of Gram-positive bacteria. The genus Pediococcus is a spherical cocci shaped bacteria with nonmotile, non spore- forming and homofermentative properties. P. damnosus is a chemo-organotrophic, catalase negative, facultative anaerobe. Strains of this species frequently grow in wine and beer, where they overproduce glucan and spoil products by increasing their viscosity.
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Heterosigma akashiwo is a mixotrophic alga, supplementing nutrient uptake and photosynthesis with ingestion of bacteria. Each cell may contain 18-27 chloroplasts. These cells have been observed to glide and twirl under microscopic examination, but nonmotile cells have been associated with toxic blooms. Blooms are clearly visible by air, appearing as a red area in otherwise blue water.
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Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt: The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria. Volume 5: Proteobacteria: Alpha and Beta Subclasses It lives in cells of infected hosts and cannot be cultured on artificial media. Piscirickettsia salmonis is nonmotile, whereas the other five genera are motile by using a single flagellum.
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Psychrobacter cryohalolentis is a Gram-negative, nonmotile species of bacteria. It was first isolated from Siberian permafrost. Its type strain is K5T (=DSM 17306T =VKM B-2378T). Hypoacylated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. cryohalolentis induces moderate TLR4-mediated inflammatory response in macrophages and such LPS bioactivity may potentially result in the failure of local and systemic bacterial clearance in patients.
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Psychrobacter arcticus is a Gram-negative, nonmotile species of bacteria first isolated from Siberian permafrost. Its type strain is 273-4T (=DSM 17307T =VKM B-2377T). Hypoacylated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. arcticus induces weak TLR4-mediated inflammatory response in macrophages and such LPS bioactivity may potentially result in the failure of local and systemic bacterial clearance in patients.
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Brevipalpus mites go through four distinct, active life stages, each separated by nonmotile chrysalis stages.Childers CC, Rodrigues JCV 2011. An overview of Brevipalpus mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) and the plant viruses they transmit Zoosymposia 6:168–180. The protonymph, deutonymph, and adult stages can infect their host plants with OFV, whereas the larval stage is not infectious.
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Flagellated (swarming, motile) variants were therefore designated H forms (German Hauch, for film, literally breath or mist); nonflagellated (nonswarming, nonmotile) variants growing as isolated colonies and lacking the surface film were designated as O forms (German ohne Hauch, without film [i.e., without surface film of mist droplets]).See also :de:Kauffmann-White- Schema in the German Wikipedia.
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Shigella boydii is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Shigella. Like other members of the genus, S. boydii is a nonmotile, nonsporeforming, rod-shaped bacterium which can cause dysentery in humans through fecal-oral contamination. S. boydii is the most genetically divergent species of the genus Shigella. There are 19 known serotypes of Shigella boydii.
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Kribbia dieselivorans is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non- sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are facultatively anaerobic and mesophilic, and the cells can be irregular rods or coccoid. It was originally isolated from tidal flat sediment collected from Kwangyang, South Korea during a survey for diesel-degrading bacteria. The species name refers to its ability to degrade diesel fuel.
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T. gallinae is found in a motile trophozoite and nonmotile pseudocyst stage. T. gallinae is generally found in the oral-nasal cavity or anterior end of the digestive and respiratory tracts. The trichomonads multiply rapidly by simple division (binary fission), but do not form a resistant cyst. They therefore die quickly when passed out of the host.
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Acid phosphatase is found in prostatic secretions and activity decreases with time and is usually absent after 24 hours. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) may be detected within a 48-hour period. The seminal fluid of vasectomized men also contains a significant PSA level. Nonmotile sperm may be detected even beyond 72 hours after intercourse depending on staining techniques.
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Vagococcus is a genus of gram-positive bacteria. They are motile or nonmotile cocci which do not form spores.. The name Vagococcus comes from Latin adjective vagus meaning wandering; and the Greek noun coccus a grain or berry, Vagococcus - wandering coccus, because Vagococcus fluvialis and some other Vagococcus species are motile, an unusual property for a lactic acid bacteria.
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Bergey's Manual (Herdman et al. 2001) now divides Synechococcus into five clusters (equivalent to genera) based on morphology, physiology, and genetic traits. Cluster 1 includes relatively large (1–1.5 µm) nonmotile obligate photoautotrophs that exhibit low salt tolerance. Reference strains for this cluster are PCC6301 (formerly Anacycstis nidulans) and PCC6312, which were isolated from fresh water in Texas and California, respectively.
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With the exceptions of N. elongata and N. weaveri, most members of the genus Neisseria have a cocci or diplococci cellular morphology. However, N. bacilliformis has a bacillus morphology measuring 0.6 µm by 1.3 µm to 3.0 µm. N. bacilliformis is nonmotile and it undergoes aerobic respiration. It stains Gram negative and has been successfully cultured on chocolate agar and sheep blood agar.
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E. malodoratus is a nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic microbe, as well as a chemoorganotroph with fermentative metabolism. The cells are coccoid in structure, found mostly in pairs or short streptococcus chains. Unlike many other Enterococcus species, E. malodoratus does not usually grow at 45 degrees Celsius, nor does it survive heating at 60 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes. It is nonpigmented.
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Polynucleobacter cosmopolitanus is an aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, chemo-organotrophic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Polynucleobacter, isolated from freshwater habitats in Eurasia, South America, North America, Africa, Oceania, the Hawaiian Archipelago, in lakes located in Japan, and a river estuary of northern Taiwan.International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary MicrobiologyUn The type strain of the species was isolated from Lake Mondsee in Austria.
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Terrabacter carboxydivorans is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are rod-shaped. It was initially isolated from roadside soil near Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea during a survey for bacteria with the ability to digest carbon monoxide. The species was first described in 2011, and its name is derived from Latin carboxydum (air) and vorans (devouring, digesting).
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It is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis—subspecies of Klebsiella pneumoniae— a gram-negative, encapsulated, nonmotile, rod-shaped bacillus (diplobacillus), member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is sometimes referred to as the "Frisch bacillus," named for Anton von Frisch who identified the organism in 1882.DiBartolomeo. Page 14. It is contracted directly by droplets or by contamination of material that is subsequently inhaled.
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Terrabacter terrigena is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non- endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are rod-shaped. It was initially isolated from soil from around a wastewater treatment plant in South Korea. The species was first described in 2009, and its name is derived from Latin terrigena (child of the earth, earth-born) referring to the isolation of the type strain from soil.
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S. bovis is a catalase-negative and oxidase-negative, nonmotile, non- sporulating, Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium that grows as pairs or chains of cocci. It is a member of the Lancefield group D streptococci. Most strains are gamma-hemolytic (non-hemolytic), but some also display alpha-hemolytic activity on sheep blood agar plates. Strep bovis is a non-enterococci.
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Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis caused by ingestion of unpasteurized milk or undercooked meat from infected animals, or close contact with their secretions. It is also known as undulant fever, Malta fever, and Mediterranean fever. Brucella species are small, Gram-negative, nonmotile, nonspore-forming, rod-shaped (coccobacilli) bacteria. They function as facultative intracellular parasites, causing chronic disease, which usually persists for life.
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Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, nonmotile, rod-shaped and genetically closely related to E. coli. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who first discovered it in 1897. The causative agent of human shigellosis, Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals. It is only naturally found in humans and gorillas.
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Knoellia flava is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells can be irregular rods or coccoid. It was originally isolated from pig manure from Huazhong Agricultural University in Wuhan, China. The species name is derived from Latin flava (yellow), referring to the colony color of the species when grown on R2A agar.
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E. faecalis is a nonmotile microbe; it ferments glucose without gas production, and does not produce a catalase reaction with hydrogen peroxide. It produces a reduction of litmus milk, but does not liquefy gelatin. It shows consistent growth throughout nutrient broth which is consistent with being a facultative anaerobe. It catabolizes a variety of energy sources, including glycerol, lactate, malate, citrate, arginine, agmatine, and many keto acids.
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A diphtheria lesion on the leg Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the bacterium that causes the disease diphtheria. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a rod-shaped, Gram positive, non spore-forming, and nonmotile bacterium. The disease occurs primarily in tropical regions and underdeveloped countries but has been known to appear throughout the world. Immunocompromised individuals, poorly immunized adults, and unvaccinated children are at the greatest risk for contracting diphtheria.
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Micrococcus luteus is a Gram-positive, to Gram-variable, nonmotile, coccus, tetrad-arranging, pigmented, saprotrophic bacterium that belongs to the family Micrococcaceae. It is urease and catalase positive. An obligate aerobe, M. luteus is found in soil, dust, water and air, and as part of the normal microbiota of the mammalian skin. The bacterium also colonizes the human mouth, mucosae, oropharynx and upper respiratory tract.
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Actinobacillus is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and non-spore-forming, oval to rod-shaped bacteria occurring as parasites or pathogens in mammals, birds, and reptiles. It is a member of the family Pasteurellaceae. The bacteria are facultatively anaerobic or aerobic, capable of fermenting carbohydrates (without production of gas), and of reducing nitrates. The genomic DNA contains between 40 and 47 mol % guanine plus cytosine.
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A nonmotile, round, pseudocystic form with internalized flagella has been observed under unfavorable conditions. This form is generally regarded as a degenerate stage as opposed to a resistant form, although viability of pseudocystic cells has been occasionally reported. The ability to revert to trophozoite form, to reproduce and sustain infection has been described, along with a microscopic cell staining technique to visually discern this elusive form.
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Pasteurella canis is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans, which manifest themselves as skin or soft- tissue infections after an animal bite. It has been known to cause serious disease in immunocompromised patients. Pasteurella was first described around 1880 and thought to be associated with chicken cholera and hemorrhagic septicemia in animals.
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Most strains of Acinetobacter, except some of the A. lwoffii strain, grow well on MacConkey agar (without salt). Although officially classified as not lactose-fermenting, they are often partially lactose-fermenting when grown on MacConkey agar. They are oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, indole-negative, nonmotile, and usually nitrate-negative. Bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter are known to form intracellular inclusions of polyhydroxyalkanoates under certain environmental conditions (e.g.
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It is the first representative of a new class in the phylum Armatimonadetes. It represents the first cultured representative of the Chthonomonadetes, corresponding with Group 3 of the phylum Armatimonadetes. Armatimonas rosea an aerobic, Gram-negative, pink pigmented, nonmotile, ovoid/rod shaped bacterium, was isolated from the rhizoplane of an aquatic plant Phragmites australis in Japan. It is the first representative of the phylum Armatimonadetes.
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All "Proteobacteria" are Gram-negative (though some may stain Gram-positive or Gram-variable in practice), with an outer membrane mainly composed of lipopolysaccharides. Many move about using flagella, but some are nonmotile or rely on bacterial gliding. The latter include the myxobacteria, an order of bacteria that can aggregate to form multicellular fruiting bodies. Also, a wide variety in the types of metabolism exists.
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Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a bacteria. Named in honour of Max von Pettenkofer, 1818–1901, German pioneer in the field of hygiene and public health, it was described in 2007 and is a member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus, consisting of spherical, Gram-positive, nonmotile, non-spore- forming, facultative anaerobic bacteria. It is coagulase-negative and is probably a commensal organism on the skin of humans.
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Nannochloropsis is a genus of algae comprising six known species. The genus in the current taxonomic classification was first termed by Hibberd (1981). The species have mostly been known from the marine environment but also occur in fresh and brackish water. All of the species are small, nonmotile spheres which do not express any distinct morphological features that can be distinguished by either light or electron microscopy.
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Scanning electron micrograph of M. tuberculosis The main cause of TB is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), a small, aerobic, nonmotile bacillus. The high lipid content of this pathogen accounts for many of its unique clinical characteristics. It divides every 16 to 20 hours, which is an extremely slow rate compared with other bacteria, which usually divide in less than an hour. Mycobacteria have an outer membrane lipid bilayer.
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Prestin is a protein that is critical to sensitive hearing in mammals. It is encoded by the SLC26A5 (solute carrier anion transporter family 26, member 5) gene. Prestin is the motor protein of the outer hair cells of the inner ear of the mammalian cochlea. It is highly expressed in the outer hair cells, and is not expressed in the nonmotile inner hair cells.
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Erysipelothrix tonsillarum has been described as a pathogen for dogs and has been isolated from the tonsils of healthy pigs and cattle. Disease caused by E. inopinata or E. larvae have not been described. Bacteria of genus Erysipelothrix are straight, or slightly curved, slender, nonmotile rods which may exist singly, in V-shaped pairs, or in short chains. Some strains have a tendency to form long filaments.
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Marihabitans asiaticum is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non- sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells are irregular rods or coccoid. The species was first described in 2008, and it was originally isolated in 2003 from surface seawater collected at the Kesennuma ferry port in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The species name refers to the region (Asia) from which it was first isolated.
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Knoellia subterranea is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non- sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells can be irregular rods or coccoid. It was originally isolated from an air sample from cave soil from Reed Flute Cave in Guilin, China. K. sinensis was one of the first described species of Knoellia, being discovered along with the type strain K. sinensis.
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Since the typical fecal specimen is not sterile, the use of selective plates is mandatory. XLD agar, DCA agar, or Hektoen enteric agar are inoculated; all give colorless colonies as the organism is not a lactose fermenter. Inoculation of a TSI slant shows an alkaline slant and acidic, but with no gas, or production. Following incubation on SIM, the culture appears nonmotile with no production.
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Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1000 magnification under bright field microscopy S. epidermidis is a very hardy microorganism, consisting of nonmotile, Gram-positive cocci, arranged in grape-like clusters. It forms white, raised, cohesive colonies about 1–2 mm in diameter after overnight incubation, and is not hemolytic on blood agar. It is a catalase- positive, coagulase-negative, facultative anaerobe that can grow by aerobic respiration or by fermentation. Some strains may not ferment.
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Francisella is a genus of pathogenic, Gram-negative bacteria. They are small coccobacillary or rod-shaped, nonmotile organisms, which are also facultative intracellular parasites of macrophages. Strict aerobes, Francisella colonies bear a morphological resemblance to those of the genus Brucella. The genus was named in honor of American bacteriologist Edward Francis, who, in 1922, first recognized F. tularensis (then named Bacterium tularensis) as the causative agent of tularemia.
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Leishmania species are unicellular eukaryotes having a well-defined nucleus and other cell organelles including kinetoplasts and flagella. Depending on the stage of their life cycle, they exist in two structural variants, as: #The amastigote form is found in the mononuclear phagocytes and circulatory systems of humans. It is an intracellular and nonmotile form, being devoid of external flagella. The short flagellum is embedded at the anterior end without projecting out.
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The environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences, belonging to the phylum Armatimonadetes are currently sorted into six groups. Groups 2, 5, and 6 consist solely of sequences. Group 1 contains Armatimonadetes rosea, Group 3 contains Chthonomonadetes calidirosea, and Group 4 contains Fimbriimonas ginsengisoli. Armatimonas rosea, an aerobic, Gram-negative, pink pigmented, nonmotile, ovoid/rod shaped bacterium, was isolated from the rhizoplane of an aquatic plant Phragmites australis in Japan.
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D. donghaensis is a gram-negative bacterium that is rod-shaped, nonmotile, and a non-spore-former. The bacteria are able to grow on seawater media with agar, in which the colonies appear circular, slightly convex, glistening, smooth, yellow, and 1–2 mm in diameter. The DSW-1T strain of D. donghaensis has about 3,923,666 base pairs in its genome. The DNA G+C content for D. donghaensis is 38%.
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Members of the Enterobacteriaceae are bacilli (rod-shaped), and are typically 1–5 μm in length. They typically appear as medium to large-sized grey colonies on blood agar, although some can express pigments. Most have many flagella used to move about, but a few genera are nonmotile. Most members of Enterobacteriaceae have peritrichous, type I fimbriae involved in the adhesion of the bacterial cells to their hosts.
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Ornithinibacter aureus is a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non- sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells are irregular rods that form branching hyphae. The species was first described in 2011, and it was originally isolated from surface seawater collected from the South China Sea. The species name is derived from Latin aureus (golden), referring to the yellow-pigmented colonies that form on R2A agar.
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Alcaligenes is a genus of Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. The species are motile with amphitrichous flagella and rarely nonmotile. It is a genus of non-fermenting bacteria (in the family Alcaligenaceae). Additionally, some strains of Alcaligenes are capable of anaerobic respiration, but they must be in the presence of nitrate or nitrite; otherwise, their metabolism is respiratory and never fermentative; The genus does not use carbohydrates.
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Psychrobacter glacincola is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, halotolerant, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from the anchor ice of Amery Ice Shelf in Antarctica.Psychrobacter giacincoia sp. nov., a Halotolerant, Psychrophilic Bacterium Isolated from Antarctic Sea Ice John P. Bowman, David S. Nichols, Tom A. McMeekin System. App. Microbio. 20, 209-215 (1997) Gustav Fischer VerlagTaxonomy browserATCC It is strictly oxidative and coccus-shaped; its type strain is ACAM 483T.
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During feeding, it beats at about 40 times per second to create a current of water that moves about 100 micrometers/second. This current brings bacteria to its mouthparts. The food is ingested below the base of the flagella, which is referred to as the ventral side. In nonmotile C. roenbergensis cells, (cells that prefer to anchor themselves to a substrate) the posterior flagellum helps attach the organism to a substrate while it is feeding.
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, rod- shaped, non-spore-forming, nonacid-fast, nonmotile bacterium. Distributed worldwide, E. rhusiopathiae is primarily considered an animal pathogen, causing the disease known as erysipelas that may affect a wide range of animals. Pigs, turkeys and laying hens are most commonly affected, but cases have been reported in other mammals, birds, fish, and reptiles. In pigs, the disease is known as "diamond skin disease".
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Janibacter is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The genus name is derived from the two-faced Roman god Janus, referring to the fact that the cells of the original strain could be rod-shaped or coccoid. The type species of the genus, Janibacter limosus, was originally isolated from sludge from a wastewater treatment plant. Other species have been isolated from an air sample, a melon, the midgut of mosquitoes, coral, sea sediment, and hydrothermal sediment.
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The genus is bio-chemically closely related to Ruminococcus, and phylogenetically to the genus Lachnospira. Coprococcus eutactus is an obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, gram-positive coccus occurring in pairs or chains of pairs. Cells may lose colour readily and acquire a slightly elongate shape in a medium containing a fermentable carbohydrate, but are normally round, and 0.7 to 1.3 µm in diameter. Coprococcus may be used as a microbial biomarker to assess the health of the human gastro-intestinal tract.
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Zachary A. Kuznar and Menachem Elimelech, Adhesion kinetics of Viable Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts to Quartz Surfaces, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 6839-6845.Alexis J. de Kerchove and Menachem Elimelech, Calcium and Magnesium Cations Enhance the Adhesion of Motile and Nonmotile Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Alginate Films, Langmuir 2008, 24, 3392-3399.Sharon L. Walker, Jeremy A. Redman, and Menachem Elimelech, Role of Cell Surface Lipopolysaccharides in Escherichia coli K12 Adhesion and Transport, Langmuir 2004, 20, 7736-7746.
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Aeromonas salmonicida is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile bacterium. It is rod-shaped, about 1.3–2.0 by 0.8–1.3 μm in size, and grows optimally at temperatures between 22 and 25 °C. The bacterium readily ferments and oxidizes glucose, and is catalase- and cytochrome oxidase-positive. Its molecular properties include a special surface protein array called the A-layer, which is believed to be responsible for the bacterium's virulent traits, and lipopolysaccharide, the cells' major cell envelope antigen.
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M. tuberculosis is part of a complex that has at least 9 members: M. tuberculosis sensu stricto, M. africanum, M. canetti, M. bovis, M. caprae, M. microti, M. pinnipedii, M. mungi, and M. orygis. It requires oxygen to grow, does not produce spores, and is nonmotile. M. tuberculosis divides every 18–24 hours. This is extremely slow compared with other bacteria, which tend to have division times measured in minutes (Escherichia coli can divide roughly every 20 minutes).
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Coprothermobacterota is a newly proposed phylum of nonmotile, rod-shaped bacteria. Its members are strictly anaerobic and thermophilic, growing at optimal temperatures between 55 °C and 70 °C. The name of this phyum is based on an early genus, dubbed "Coprothermobacter", a term whose etymology derives from the Greek words "kopros", meaning manure, and "thermos", warm, referring to the fact that these bacteria are capable of living at relatively high temperatures, with a maximum growth temperature of 75 °C.
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Knoellia remsis (formerly Tetrasphaera remsis) a species of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The bacteria are aerobic and mesophilic, and the cells are coccoid that group in pairs, tetrads, or clusters. It was originally isolated from an air sample from the Regenerative Enclosed Life Support Module Simulator, which was a system designed to simulate life aboard the International Space Station. The species is named after REMS, the acronym for the Regenerative Enclosed Life Support Module Simulator.
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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonmotile bacterium that is often found in association with localized aggressive periodontitis, a severe infection of the periodontium. It is also suspected to be involved in chronic periodontitis. Less frequently, A. actinomycetemcomitans is associated with nonoral infections such as endocarditis. Its role in aggressive periodontitis was first discovered by Danish-born periodontist Jørgen Slots, a professor of dentistry and microbiology at the University of Southern California School of Dentistry.
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The larva crawls into the soil or decaying wood to pupate, and does not spin a cocoon. The pupae are exarate, meaning the limbs are free of the body, and are able to move their mandibles, but are otherwise entirely nonmotile. In drier environments, they may spend several months in diapause, before emerging as adults once the conditions are more suitable. The raised scorpion-like tail of the male has earned the scorpionflies a sinister reputation, but they do not sting.
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When examined by phase- contrast and transmission electron microscopy cells were observed to be nonmotile, ovoid to rod shaped, with sizes ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 µm in width and 2.4–3.2 µm in length. Neither spores nor flagella were observed. When investigated in R2A media, cultures of A. rosea were observed to be aerobic and chemoheterotrophic with no evidence of growth under anaerobic conditions. It is negative for the following tests: nitrate respiration, fermentative growth, catalase, and cytochrome oxidase.
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When examined by phase-contrast and transmission electron microscopy cells were observed to be nonmotile, rod shaped, with sizes ranging from 0.5-0.7 µm in width and 2.5-5.0 µm in length. F. ginsengisoli carried peritrichous fibrils, which were very fine and hairy and projected out from the cell wall. Spore formation was not observed. When investigated in one-half R2A media, cultures of F. ginsengisoli were observed to be strictly aerobic with no evidence of growth under anaerobic conditions.
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A. pleuropneumoniae is a nonmotile, Gram-negative, encapsulated coccobacillus bacterium found in the family Pasteurellaceae. It exhibits β-hemolysis activity, thus explaining its growth on chocolate or blood agar, but must be supplemented with NAD ('V factor') to facilitate growth for one of its biological variants (biovar 1). As a facultative anaerobic pathogen, A. pleuropneumoniae may need CO2 to grow. Depending on the biovar, the bacteria may or may not be positive for urease; both biovars are positive for porphyrin.
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A. borkumensis is a rod-shaped bacterium without flagella that obtains its energy primarily from consuming alkanes (a type of hydrocarbon). It is aerobic, meaning it uses oxygen to gain energy, and it is halophilic, meaning it tends to live in environments that contain salt, such as salty ocean water. It is also Gram-negative, which essentially means it has a relatively thin cell wall. It is also nonmotile; however, other organisms that appear to be in the same genus are motile through flagella.
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The nervous system is also the only place in the nematode body that contains cilia, which are all nonmotile and with a sensory function. At the anterior end of the animal, the nerves branch from a dense, circular nerve (nerve ring) round surrounding the pharynx, and serving as the brain. Smaller nerves run forward from the ring to supply the sensory organs of the head. The bodies of nematodes are covered in numerous sensory bristles and papillae that together provide a sense of touch.
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Studies of the species in culture suggest it has at least two stages in its life cycle, one motile, thecate, and likely planktonic, and one nonmotile, athecate, and likely epibenthic. The species is photosynthetic and seems to prefer warm saline environments. It is found at least in warm Pacific and Mediterranean waters, and is likely globally distributed. V. rugosum is notable as the source organism for a family of marine macrocyclic neurotoxins known as pinnatoxins, first identified in association with molluscs of the genus Pinna.
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Typically, basidiospores infect host one, also known as the alternate or sexual host, and the mycelium forms pycnidia, which are miniature, flask-shaped, hollow, submicroscopic bodies embedded in the host tissue (such as a leaf). This stage, numbered "0", produces single-celled spores that ooze out in a sweet liquid and that act as nonmotile spermatia, and also protruding receptive hyphae. Insects and probably other vectors such as rain carry the spermatia from spermagonium to spermagonium, cross inoculating the mating types. Neither thallus is male or female.
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Rhodococcus is a genus of aerobic, nonsporulating, nonmotile Gram-positive bacteria closely related to Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium. While a few species are pathogenic, most are benign, and have been found to thrive in a broad range of environments, including soil, water, and eukaryotic cells. Some species have large genomes, including the 9.7 megabasepair genome (67% G/C) of Rhodococcus sp. RHA1. Strains of Rhodococcus are important owing to their ability to catabolize a wide range of compounds and produce bioactive steroids, acrylamide, and acrylic acid, and their involvement in fossil fuel biodesulfurization.
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Francisella tularensis is a pathogenic species of Gram-negative coccobacillus, an aerobic bacterium. It is nonspore-forming, nonmotile, and the causative agent of tularemia, the pneumonic form of which is often lethal without treatment. It is a fastidious, facultative intracellular bacterium, which requires cysteine for growth. Due to its low infectious dose, ease of spread by aerosol, and high virulence, F. tularensis is classified as a Tier 1 Select Agent by the U.S. government, along with other potential agents of bioterrorism such as Yersinia pestis, Bacillus anthracis, and Ebola virus.
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Most centric and araphid pennate diatoms are nonmotile, and their relatively dense cell walls cause them to readily sink. Planktonic forms in open water usually rely on turbulent mixing of the upper layers of the oceanic waters by the wind to keep them suspended in sunlit surface waters. Many planktonic diatoms have also evolved features that slow their sinking rate, such as spines or the ability to grow in colonial chains. These adaptations increase their surface area to volume ratio and drag, allowing them to stay suspended in the water column longer.
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Bacterial adhesion involves the attachment (or deposition) of bacteria on the surface (solid, gel layer, etc.). This interaction plays an important role in natural system as well as in environmental engineering. The attachment of biomass on the membrane surface will result in membrane fouling, which can significantly reduce the efficiency of the treatment system using membrane filtration process in wastewater treatment plants.Alexis J. de Kerchove and Menachem Elimelech, Impact of Alginate Conditioning Film on Deposition Kinetics of Motile and Nonmotile Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Aug. 2007, p. 5227–5234.
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However, the contamination of pathogens in drinking water could be linked to the transportation of microorganisms in groundwater and other water sources.Alexis J. de Kerchove, Paweł Weronski, and Menachem Elimelech, Adhesion of Nonmotile Pseudomonas aeruginosa on “Soft” Polyelectrolyte Layer in a Radial Stagnation Point Flow System: Measurements and Model Predictions, Langmuir 2007, 23, 12301-12308. Controlling and preventing the adverse impact of the bacterial deposition on the aquatic environment need a deeply understanding about the mechanisms of this process. DLVO theory has been used extensively to describe the deposition of bacteria in many current researches.
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Lactococcus lactis is a Gram-positive bacterium used extensively in the production of buttermilk and cheese, but has also become famous as the first genetically modified organism to be used alive for the treatment of human disease. L. lactis cells are cocci that group in pairs and short chains, and, depending on growth conditions, appear ovoid with a typical length of 0.5 - 1.5 µm. L. lactis does not produce spores (nonsporulating) and are not motile (nonmotile). They have a homofermentative metabolism, meaning they produce lactic acid from sugars.
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Epithelial cells are typically nonmotile, but can become motile by inhibiting cell-cell junctions or by addition of growth factors that induce scattering. Both of these are reversible, and both involve the rupture of cell-cell junctions. In 1991, the response of MDCK acini in 3D culture to the scatter factor was first reported by Lelio Orci and colleagues. They cultured acini of MDCK cells in collagen gels with or without Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts, in which media could exchange but the cell types were not in direct contact.
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This allows normally nonmotile cells to generate protrusions and migrate collectively, followed by redifferentiation and formation of hollow tubules. In support of this model, Mostov and colleagues have identified the effects of HGF on MDCK acini as eliciting a partial transition from epithelial to mesenchymal cell phenotypes. This argument marshals an established signaling program termed the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), by which sessile epithelial cells become motile and break cell-cell contacts. EMT has been proposed as the transcriptional signaling cascade that drives cell scattering, although previously researchers did not conflate the two.
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Yersinia enterocolitica is a Gram-negative, bacillus-shaped bacterium, belonging to the family Yersiniaceae. It is motile at temperatures of 22–29° C (72-84°F), but becomes nonmotile at normal human body temperature. Y. enterocolitica infection causes the disease yersiniosis, which is an animal- borne disease occurring in humans, as well as in a wide array of animals such as cattle, deer, pigs, and birds. Many of these animals recover from the disease and become carriers; these are potential sources of contagion despite showing no signs of disease.
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Mycobacterial cell wall: 1-outer lipids, 2-mycolic acid, 3-polysaccharides (arabinogalactan), 4-peptidoglycan, 5-plasma membrane, 6-lipoarabinomannan (LAM), 7-phosphatidylinositol mannoside, 8-cell wall skeleton Mycobacteria are aerobic. They are bacillary in form, at least in most phases that have attracted human microbiological attention to date; they are straight or slightly curved rods between 0.2 and 0.6 µm wide and between 1.0 and 10 µm long. They are generally nonmotile bacteria, except for the species Mycobacterium marinum, which has been shown to be motile within macrophages. They are characteristically acid-fast.
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Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Strains of the species are currently classified into five serogroups (A, B, D, E, F) based on capsular composition and 16 somatic serovars (1–16). P. multocida is the cause of a range of diseases in mammals and birds, including fowl cholera in poultry, atrophic rhinitis in pigs, and bovine hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffalo. It can also cause a zoonotic infection in humans, which typically is a result of bites or scratches from domestic pets.
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Coprothermobacterales is a new taxonomic order of thermophilic bacteria in the class Coprothermobacteria of the phylum Coprothermobacterota. Its name derives from the type genus of this order, Coprothermobacter, with the ending suffix '-ales', to denote an order. The bacteria of this order have a rod-shaped morphology, do not produce spores, are nonmotile, strictly anaerobic and, being thermophiles, grow at temperature ranges above 35°C and below 70°C, for a pH between 5.0 and 9.4. Moreover, these bacteria are chemoorganotrophs and proteolytic fermenters, which produce acetic acid, H2, and CO2 as main end- products of fermentation.
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These rods are responsible for scotopic (night) vision, our most sensitive motion detection, and our peripheral vision. Vertebrate photoreceptors are composed of a photosensitive outer segment, an inner segment that contains the cell's metabolic machinery (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, ribosomes, mitochondria), and a synaptic terminal at which contacts with second-order neurons of the retina are made. The photosensitive outer segment is connected to the inner segment by a modified, nonmotile cilium, and consists of a series of discrete membranous discs that are apparently derived from the plasma membrane in the region of the connecting cilium.Besharse, J.C., & Pfenninger, K.H. (1980).
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Christensenella is a genus of non-spore-forming, anaerobic, and nonmotile bacteria from the family Christensenellaceae. The species C. minuta has been published and validated, and C. timonensis and C. massiliensis have been proposed as novel species of the genus Christensenella, all isolated from human feces. C. minuta in the gut has been associated with reduction in body weight and adiposity of mice.The human gut bacterium Christensenella minuta reduces weight and adiposity gains in mice, Jillian L. Waters, Julia K. Goodrich, Ruth E. Ley, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Microbiology, Cornell University Basic presentation of results.
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Burkholderia mallei is a Gram-negative, bipolar, aerobic bacterium, a human and animal pathogen of genus Burkholderia causing glanders; the Latin name of this disease (malleus) gave its name to the species causing it. It is closely related to B. pseudomallei, and by multilocus sequence typing it is a subspecies of B. pseudomallei. B. mallei evolved from B. pseudomallei by selective reduction and deletions from the B. pseudomallei genome. Unlike B. pseudomallei and other genus members, B. mallei is nonmotile; its shape is coccobacillary measuring some 1.5-3.0 μm in length and 0.5-1.0 μm in diameter with rounded ends.
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Ascospores are nonmotile, usually single celled, but not infrequently may be coenocytic (lacking a septum), and in some cases coenocytic in multiple planes. Mitotic divisions within the developing spores populate each resulting cell in septate ascospores with nuclei. The term ocular chamber, or oculus, refers to the epiplasm (the portion of cytoplasm not used in ascospore formation) that is surrounded by the "bourrelet" (the thickened tissue near the top of the ascus). In many cases the asci are formed in a regular layer, the hymenium, in a fruiting body which is visible to the naked eye, here called an ascocarp or ascoma.
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This use of the O and H symbols is based on the historic observations of Edmund Weil (1879–1922) and Arthur Felix (1887–1956) of a thin surface film produced by agar-grown flagellated Proteus strains, a film that resembled the mist produced by breath on a glass. Flagellated (swarming, motile) variants were therefore designated H forms (German Hauch, for film, literally breath or mist); nonflagellated (nonswarming, nonmotile) variants growing as isolated colonies and lacking the surface film were designated as O forms (German ohne Hauch, without film [i.e., without surface film of mist droplets]).See also :de:Kauffmann-White-Schema in the German Wikipedia.
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N. scintillans is large for a dinoflagellate with a diameter of , though most are around . It has a ventral groove that holds a flagellum, an extension of the cell wall called a tooth, and a striated tentacle involved in ingestion that projects posteriorly. The flagellum does not move the organism, so the nonmotile N. scintillans depends on regulation of its buoyancy within the water column – perhaps by controlling its cellular concentration of ions and ammonia. N. scintillans produces a string of mucus extending from the tip of the tentacle which then adheres to plankton and ascends rapidly through concentrations of its prey in the water column.
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Testable outlines exist for the origin of each of the three motility systems, and avenues for further research are clear; for prokaryotes, these avenues include the study of secretion systems in free-living, nonvirulent prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, the mechanisms of both mitosis and cilial construction, including the key role of the centriole, need to be much better understood. A detailed survey of the various nonmotile appendages found in eukaryotes is also necessary. Finally, the study of the origin of all of these systems would benefit greatly from a resolution of the questions surrounding deep phylogeny, as to what are the most deeply branching organisms in each domain, and what are the interrelationships between the domains.
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Polynucleobacter asymbioticus is an aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, chemo-organotrophic, nonmotile, free-living bacterium of the genus Polynucleobacter. The type strain was isolated from a small pond located in the Austrian Alps in the area of Salzburg Hahn, M.W., Pöckl, M. and Wu, Q.L. (2005) Low intraspecific diversity in a Polynucleobacter subcluster population numerically dominating bacterioplankton of a freshwater pond. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 4539–4547. and described as a new subspecies of Polynucleobacter necessarius in 2009.Hahn, M.W., Lang, E., Brandt, U., Wu, Q.L., and Scheuerl, T. (2009) Emended description of the genus Polynucleobacter and the species P. necessarius and proposal of two subspecies, P. necessarius subspecies necessarius subsp. nov.
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Burkholderia is a genus of Proteobacteria whose pathogenic members include the Burkholderia cepacia complex, which attacks humans and Burkholderia mallei, responsible for glanders, a disease that occurs mostly in horses and related animals; Burkholderia pseudomallei, causative agent of melioidosis; and Burkholderia cepacia, an important pathogen of pulmonary infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The Burkholderia (previously part of Pseudomonas) genus name refers to a group of virtually ubiquitous Gram-negative, obligately aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that are motile by means of single or multiple polar flagella, with the exception of Burkholderia mallei, which is nonmotile. Members belonging to the genus do not produce sheaths or prosthecae and are able to use poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) for growth. The genus includes both animal and plant pathogens, as well as some environmentally important species.
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Rickettsia is a genus of nonmotile, Gram-negative, nonspore-forming, highly pleomorphic bacteria that may occur in the forms of cocci (0.1 μm in diameter), bacilli (1–4 μm long), or threads (up to about 10 μm long). The term "rickettsia" has nothing to do with rickets (which is a deficiency disease resulting from lack of vitamin D); the bacterial genus Rickettsia was named after Howard Taylor Ricketts, in honor of his pioneering work on tick- borne spotted fever. Properly, Rickettsia is the name of a single genus, but the informal term "rickettsia", plural "rickettsias", usually not capitalised, commonly applies to any members of the order Rickettsiales. Being obligate intracellular parasites, rickettsias depend on entry, growth, and replication within the cytoplasm of living eukaryotic host cells (typically endothelial cells).
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C.), RUIZ-BERRAQUERO (F.) and RAMOS-CORMENZANA (A.): Volcaniella eurihalina gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic nonmotile gram- negative rod. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1990, 40, 261-267 but was later (in 1995) reclassified as a member of the genus Halomonas. The species Carnimonas nigrificans (sole member of genus) was not placed in the family due to the lack of two out of 15 descriptive 16S rRNA signature sequences, but it has been proposed to reclassify it into the family.D. R. Arahal, W. Ludwig, K. H. Schleifer and A. Ventosa Phylogeny of the family Halomonadaceae based on 23S and 16S rDNA sequence analyses. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, Vol 52, 241-249 In 1996, the family was later reorganised by unifying genera Deleya, Halomonas and Halovibrio and the species Paracoccus halodenitrificans into Halomonas and placing Zymobacter in this family.
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