Below were dark grottoes and yachts sailing into the port.
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In Luoyang, we discussed this situation while walking to the Longmen Grottoes.
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Instead, Whitten's sculptural works beg to be viewed in small grottoes or obscure dark nooks.
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Cavers are in the middle of their own golden age, as the deepest and largest underground grottoes remain undiscovered.
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Eighteenth-century British landscapes often had such buildings dotted about their slopes, styled as temples, grottoes, and Merlinesque cottages.
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The formal gardens and hilltop terraces feature pavilions, grottoes, fountains and classical sculpture, including the Oceanus Fountain, which towers above the forecourt.
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First, Lien Shaoyong, a fellow eastward-bound traveler I had met at the grottoes, struck a deal for me with the conductor.
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The construction of the grottoes began in the fifth century, when Buddhism, which originated in India, started gaining favor at the imperial court.
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You can't size up a new visage, yet the grottoes in your head have more to plumb if your sight was lost midlife or later.
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The original tourists were the Romans, who rowed over, built a reputed dozen imperial palaces and filled all the best grottoes with statuary and mosaics.
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Reclaimed from the drug smugglers and blissed-out backpackers, this tip of Thailand is now a haven for peaceful contemplation in gilded palaces and secret grottoes.
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Featuring an ersatz mountain dotted with Buddha statues, the rock garden of the Wat Prayoon complex is a haven of grottoes, pavilions, roaming turtles and fish ponds.
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More delicate tropical flowers — feathery orchids and little white touch-me-nots — make homes in the grottoes within, sucking up the water that drips through the limestone.
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Nowadays, Luoyang is best known for the Longmen Grottoes, where tens of thousands of Buddha statues have been carved into cliffs on the banks of the Yi River.
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The Unesco-recognized Caves of a Thousand Buddhas, known as the Mogao Grottoes, hadn't been on my radar, until Wei Gong invited me to come with her there.
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Glass-bottom boats and fishing charters swayed in shallow waters, waiting to take divers and snorkelers to the coral reefs and grottoes that make this Jamaica's dreamiest coast.
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That does not stop them from getting in the lines at the Santa grottoes to meet the jolly old Finns who often play the role to the hilt.
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"Houses are being designed to accentuate that," including at least two that he has represented that have underground grottoes offering aquarium-like views into outdoor swimming pools, he said.
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Dramatic stone outcroppings are everywhere, forming grottoes, misty waterfalls and, at one entrance, a canyon-like series of stacked stone walls that look like stowaways from a John Ford western.
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Most of the works in Empire Builder are inspired by the Buddhist paintings of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, China, a complex of nearly 500 temple grottoes along the ancient Silk Road.
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Visitors will have a panoramic view of the entire exhibit from inside the tallest iceberg that towers over the "water line," cross an undersea bridge and relax among caverns and grottoes on the ocean floor.
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Sights You can't take pictures inside the caves of the Mogoa Grottoes, so if you want to document your trip to Dunhuang, try riding a camel around the sand dunes surrounding the Crescent Lake oasis.
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Such is the case with the complex of nearly 500 Buddhist cave temples and monasteries known as the Mogao Grottoes near Dunhuang in northwestern China, an ancient trading city on the edge of the Gobi Desert.
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What makes it exceptional is how private is feels: sheltered by a long, craggy cliffside on one end, full of tiny caves and grottoes and the ruins of Ballybunion Castle, perched on a hillside, on the other.
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You have your grottoes of educated professionals, saturated in self-mythologizing media, and your more traditional "old" Brooklyn turf, often sentimentalized or ignored, where neighbors know each other's families and share a vision of a less turbulent time.
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I recounted moments from a family trip we took in 1996 — my parents and their only child, my Uncle John and Aunt Anne and two cousins — when we rowed through blue grottoes and all but bathed in squid ink risotto.
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Other musts include exploring the village and fjords at Mykines, which Mesiano calls "the essence of the Faroe," taking a stroll through the streets of Tórshavn and sailing into grottoes to see almost 2,000-foot-tall birdcliffs from below near the town of Vestmanna.
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In the world of Valerian, ethereal CG aliens coexist with present-day space capsules, dirty station corridors become glowing grottoes, and Laureline's wardrobe runs the gamut from a chic, retro military dress uniform to a grunge-y combination of zip-up rubber jacket and white lace gown.
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A broad brushstroke forms a trapezoidal arch along the top portion of each panel — a unifying element that could be a cave entrance, as the introduction to the exhibition's online catalogue suggests, but is more likely a reference to the ornamental borders framing the grottoes' sculptural niches and wall paintings.
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Volcano Bay has four themed zones that offer 18 attractions, including slides of every imaginable variety (including tot-size ones); a "fearless river" where the current moves four feet per second through rapids (hold on tight to your inner tube); and a water coaster that takes riders inside the volcano's grottoes.
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Photograph from Geography Photos / UIG / Getty Landscape history is filled with major earthworks—hills and grottoes, parterres and canals—but their purpose was often to trick the eye into believing that the landscape had always been that way (the British tradition) or to overwhelm you with the intricacy of plantings, sculpture, and fountains (the French tradition).
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When we think of rock we usually think of stones, broken rock, buried under soil and plant life, but here all is exposed and naked, dominated by the monolithic formations of sandstone which stand above the surface of the ground and extend for miles, sometimes level, sometimes tilted or warped by pressures from below, carved by erosion and weathering into an intricate maze of glens, grottoes, fissures, passageways and deep narrow canyons.
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Longshan Grottoes in Taiyuan is the only grottoes site dedicated for Taoism in China.
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Researchers at the University of Chicago initiated the Tianlongshan Caves Project in 2013 to pursue research and digital imaging of the caves and their sculptures. Not far from the Tianlongshan Grottoes are the Longshan Grottoes, which is the only Taoist grottoes site in China. The main eight grottoes were carved in 1234~1239 during the Yuan Dynasty.
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Twin Ribbons in The Crystal Grottoes Crystal Grottoes is the only show cave in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is located on Maryland Route 34 between Boonsboro and Antietam National Battlefield.
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The first grotto was begun around 420 CE at the end of the Western Qin kingdom. Work continued and more grottoes were added during the Wei, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. The style of each grotto can easily be connected to the typical artwork from its corresponding dynasty. The Bingling Temple is both stylistically and geographically a midpoint between the monumental Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan and the Buddhist Grottoes of central China, Yungang Grottoes near Datong and Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang.
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Another factor is that the water mixes with unheated water as it leaves the grottoes. The result is mostly tepid water outside the grottoes and in the river itself, good for swimming even on a cold day.
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Mt. Longmen as seen from Manshui Bridge to the southeast. May, 2004. View of the West Hill Grottoes from the east bank of the Yi River. This complex is one of the three notable grottoes in China.
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Buddhist temples, monasteries, pagodas, grottoes, archaeological sites and colossal statues in China.
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Tourist facilities in the vicinity of the grotto The name of the cave changed several times since its discovery. Initially referred to as the Grottoes of Nahr al-Kalb, it was subsequently known as Djaita, Jehita, and finally Jeita. Nahr al-Kalb is the name of the river that runs through the grottoes, while Jeita, meaning "roaring water" in Aramaic, is the town in which the cave's entrance is located. The transition from Grottoes of Nahr al-Kalb to Jeita Grottoes occurred in 1927 as newspapers widely used the latter name.
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Detail of the head of an attendant Boddhisattva figure. There are 638 stone Buddhas in five main grottoes, which were chiselled in the Northern Zhou (577-581) and Tang Dynasty (613-907) and lie along the mountain's eastern edge, close to the summit. All of the smaller grottoes are now empty. The main grottoes are mostly intact with the exception of many of the smaller-Buddha's heads.
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Two vaulted grottoes called Taq-e Bostan, located in Iran, Sassanian era Grottoes were very popular in Greek and Roman culture. Spring-fed grottoes were a feature of Apollo's oracles at Delphi, Corinth, and Clarus.G. W. Elderkin, "The Natural and the Artificial Grotto", Hesperia 10.2 (April – June 1941), pp. 125–137, gives numerous well-known ancient Greek examples, natural and architectural, with some details of their sites.
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The Saalfeld Fairy Grottoes (in German: Saalfelder Feengrotten) are caverns or grottoes of a former mine near Saalfeld, in the German state of Thuringia. They have long been famous for their countless colorful mineral formations (speleothems) formed over many years by water dripping through relatively soft rock. Since 1993, the Guinness Book of World Records has termed the Feengrotten "the most colorful cave grottoes in the world".
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In 401, the Later Qin ruler, Yao Xing conquered the Former Liang and Kumārajīva was able to settle in Chang'an and become one of the most influential translators of Buddhist sutras into Chinese. The earliest grottoes in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang were carved in the Former Qin. Work on the Maijishan Grottoes began during the Later Qin. The Bingling Grottoes were started during the Western Qin.
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Between 1972 and 1996, three grottoes located between the present Wolf and Polar Bear habitats housed Polar Bears, Grizzly Bears, and Malayan Sun Bears. The grottoes still stand as of 2020, albeit vacant and fenced off to the public.
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Images of Buddhist and Manichean Uyghurs from the Bezeklik caves and Mogao grottoes.
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Numerous other grottoes were built in the Hexi Corridor under the Northern Liang.
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There is also the section from Yingchuanhekou to Maijishan Grottoes on Line 3.
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The South River flows through Stuarts Draft, Waynesboro, Dooms, Crimora, Harriston, Grottoes, and Port Republic.
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Traditional Chinese architecture are mostly of wooden structure, yet there are no wooden architectures before Tang dynasty persevered in China. However, some grottoes and tomb paintings and other related archaeological evidences elucidate the ancient architectural styles of Shanxi before the Tang dynasty. Yungang Grottoes in Datong illustrate rock-cut architecture dating back to the Northern Wei dynasty. Tianlongshan Grottoes in Taiyuan was constructed over a number of centuries, as early as the Northern Qi dynasty.
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The counter feature to the holy or sacred mountains and peaks were the grotto-heavens, and various grottoes appear in Chinese mythological landscape. Sometimes sacred grottoes are associated with sacred mountains; and both may correspond to actual geolocations, but with an overlay of mythological geography.
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Grotto entrance, Villa Torrigiani The popularity of artificial grottoes introduced the Mannerist style to Italian and French gardens of the mid-16th century. Two famous grottoes in the Boboli Gardens of Palazzo Pitti were begun by Vasari and completed by Ammanati and Buontalenti between 1583 and 1593. One of these grottoes originally housed the Prisoners of Michelangelo. Before the Boboli grotto, a garden was laid out by Niccolò Tribolo at the Medici Villa Castello, near Florence.
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The Yungang Grottoes, formerly the Wuzhoushan Grottoes, are ancient Chinese Buddhist temple grottoes near the city of Datong in the province of Shanxi. They are excellent examples of rock-cut architecture and one of the three most famous ancient Buddhist sculptural sites of China. The others are Longmen and Mogao. The site is located about 16 km west of the city of Datong, in the valley of the Shi Li river at the base of the Wuzhou Shan mountains.
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This is an incomplete list of caves in China. It includes natural caves and rock cut grottoes.
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Religious temples in Mount Wutai and Yungang Grottoes in Datong exemplify the sacred buddhist architecture in China.
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In the cliffs under Luohan Peak, in the Western Hills, are the Longmen Grottoes, with a stone gate leading to the Datiange chamber. 2,300 metres above sea level, these are the largest Taoist grottoes in Yunnan. It took 72 years to build these grottoes during the Qing dynasty, from the 46th year of the Qianlong Emperor's reign (1782) to the 3rd year of the Xianfeng Emperor's reign (1854). The project was undertaken by stone craftsmen living at the foot of the Western Hills.
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The State Council declared the Longmen Grottoes as a national cultural monument needing special protection in 1961. In 1982, it was declared as one of the first group of scenic zones to be protected at the state level. The Management and Conservation Office was renamed the Longmen Grottoes Research Institute in 1990; and the People’s Government of Luoyang City became responsible for the management of the heritage monuments. The governing organization was renamed the Longmen Grottoes Research Academy in 2002.
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View of Maijishan hill caves, grottoes and stairways Huge Bodhisattva sculptures at Maijishan Sculptures in one of the Maijishan grottoes supported by tree trunks Well preserved painted sculptures can be found in many of the grottoes The Maijishan Grottoes (), formerly romanized as Maichishan, are a series of 194 caves cut in the side of the hill of Majishan in Tianshui, Gansu Province, northwest China. This example of rock cut architecture contains over 7,200 Buddhist sculptures and over 1,000 square meters of murals. Construction began in the Later Qin era (384–417 CE). They were first properly explored in 1952–53 by a team of Chinese archeologists from Beijing, who devised the numbering system still in use today.
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The Southern and Northern dynasties (420-589) period was a period consumed by warfare like the Three Kingdoms period before it, yet this period saw the flourishing of Buddhist sites along the Silk Road like never before. This includes Buddhist sites such as the Yungang Grottoes, the Longmen Grottoes, and the Mogao Caves.
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A Lourdes grotto is a replica of the original grotto at Lourdes, France (a Catholic religious site reputed to have healing properties) or a grotto honouring Our Lady of Lourdes unassociated with the Lourdes site. Some such grottoes are called simply "Lourdes grottoes"; others are described as replicas, or as honouring Our Lady of Lourdes.
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Formed from limestone, the Pollino is the highest area in the range and erosion of the limestone, especially on the Calabrian side, has created numerous grottoes, such as the Romito grottoes, in which Palaeolithic petroglyphs have been found. Canyons have also been carved into the limestone, such as the canyon created by the Raganello stream.
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Eternal Flame Falls in New York has an eternal flame inside a small grotto behind the falls A grotto is a natural or artificial cave used by humans in both modern times and antiquity, and historically or prehistorically. Naturally occurring grottoes are often small caves near water that are usually flooded or liable to flood at high tide. Sometimes, artificial grottoes are used as garden features. The Grotta Azzurra at Capri and the grotto at the Tiberius' Villa Jovis in the Bay of Naples are examples of popular natural seashore grottoes.
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The grottoes were excavated in the south face of a sandstone cliff about 2600 feet long and 30 to 60 feet high. In 2001, the Yungang Grottoes were made a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Yungang Grottoes are considered by UNESCO to be a "masterpiece of early Chinese Buddhist cave art... [and] ...represent the successful fusion of Buddhist religious symbolic art from south and central Asia with Chinese cultural traditions, starting in the 5th century CE under Imperial auspices." It is classified as a AAAAA scenic area by the China National Tourism Administration.
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Rural landscape Maijishan grottoes Maiji District () is a district of the prefecture-level city of Tianshui in the southeast of Gansu Province, China, bordering Shaanxi Province to the east. It is best known for the Maijishan Grottoes. Maiji District is subdivided in 17 towns (containing 379 villages), 3 subdistricts (containing 35 residential communities). 69% of the population is rural.
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The grotto designed by Bernard Palissy for Catherine de' Medici's château in Paris, the Tuileries, was renowned. There are also grottoes in the gardens designed by André Le Nôtre for Versailles. In England, an early garden grotto was built at Wilton House in the 1630s, probably by Isaac de Caus. Grottoes were suitable for less formal gardens too.
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Other than the Yungang Grottoes and Tianlongshan Grottoes as two notable religious architectures, Mount Wutai has the largest concentration of buddhist architectures in Shanxi, with temples constructed throughout thousands of years from the Tang dynasty to modern days. In Southern Shanxi, Qinglian Temple in Jincheng, and Guangsheng Temple in Hongtong County are among the most notable religious architectures.
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183-186 and in the Black Sea in Ukraine.Kovtun O.A. (2012) First records goby Gammogobius steinitzi Bath, 1971 (Actinopterygii, Perciformes, Gobiidae) in coastal grottoes of the western Crimea (Black Sea) (A preliminary report). Marine Ecological Journal, 3(11): 56. (in Russian) This species can be found in underwater grottoes in inshore waters at depths of from .
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There are grottoes around the village for St. Antony of Paduva, Our Lady of Perpetual Help, Annai Velankanni and Archangel St. Michael.
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This Xianbei religious conversion continued to develop in the Northern Wei dynasty, and ultimately led to the creation of the Yungang Grottoes.
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Vajrabodhi died in 741 and was buried south of the Longmen Grottoes. He was posthumously awarded the title Guoshi, 'Teacher of the Realm'.
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Manshan Pavilion (漫山阁) of the Tianlongshan Grottoes The Tianlongshan Grottoes (Chinese: 天龙山石窟, pinyin: Tiānlóngshān Shíkū, English translation: Mountain of the Heavenly Dragon) are caves located in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China, that are notable for the Buddhist temples located within them. The temple complex spans two mountains: there are eight grottoes on the eastern mountain and 13 on the western mountain. The complex was constructed over a number of centuries, from the northern Qi dynasty until the Tang dynasty, and contains Buddhist art of high historic importance. The majority of the caves date to the Tang dynasty.
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Kumtula Grottoes The Kumtura Grottoes are located along the Muzat River. The Kumtura Thousand Buddha Caves () (also Qumtura) is a Buddhist cave temple site in the Autonomous Region of Xinjiang, China. The site is located some 25 km west of Kucha, Kuqa County, on the ancient Silk Road. 112 cave temples survive, dating from the fifth to the eleventh centuries.
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The Mogao Grottoes near Dunhuang have a collection of Buddhist art. Originally there were a thousand grottoes, but now only 492 cave temples remain. Each temple has a large statue of a buddha or bodhisattva and paintings of religious scenes. In 336 AD, a monk named Le Zun (Lo-tsun) came near Echoing Sand Mountain, when he had a vision.
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The patterned roof, central and flanking figures (May 2004) South Binyang Cave () is cave number 159 at the Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang, Henan province, China.
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The upper portion of the central Sakyamuni figure (May 2004) Middle Binyang Cave () is cave number 140 at the Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang, Henan, China.
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In Petra one even finds a theater where the seats are cut out of the rock. Mount Longmen as seen from Manshui Bridge to the southeast. The technological skills associated with making these complex structures moved into China along the trade routes. The Longmen Grottoes, the Mogao Caves, and the Yungang Grottoes consist of hundreds of caves many with statues of Buddha in them.
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He started to carve the first grotto. During the Five Dynasties period they ran out of room on the cliff and could not build any more grottoes.
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The Buddhist Tianlongshan Grottoes of Taiyuan started during this period, and continued for many centuries afterwards. In 577, Taiyuan was conquered and became part of Northern Zhou.
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Su was widely recognized as a pioneer and a leading authority in the archaeology of Buddhism. He began studying Chinese Buddhist grottoes in 1947. In 1978, he published an article in the journal Acta Archaeologica Sinica, which questioned the dating and periodization of the Yungang Grottoes by and , Japanese authorities of archaeology of Buddhism. After a few rounds of debate in academic journals, Nagahiro changed his position and accepted Su's arguments.
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Shenhui was said to have died while meditating in 760. His burial stupa is located at Longmen Grottoes. One of his extant writings is Xianzongji (显宗记).
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Shooting lasted five months, between 18 October 2008 and 16 March 2009. Locations include the Wudang Mountains, Peach Blossom Island, Longyou Grottoes, Wuyi Mountains and Hengdian World Studios.
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All the Best in Europe. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, p. 472.Šerko, Alfred, & Ivan Mishler. 1967. The Postojna Grottoes and the Other Marvels of the Karst.
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"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: St. Mary of the Assumption Catholic Church, School and Grottoes". Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved 2014-01-10. Chatfield, Penelope (1979).
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North Binyang Cave interior. The rear and north walls are visible. (May, 2004) North Binyang Cave () is cave number 104 at the Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang, Henan, China.
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Scene 5: Chapter Five. Follies and Grottoes In which the Rushworths meet an old acquaintance. Scene 6: Chapter Six. A Newspaper Paragraph In which occurs a matrimonial fracas.
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Zhang Wenbin The Mogao Caves are the best known of the Chinese Buddhist grottoes and, along with Longmen Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes, are one of the three famous ancient Buddhist sculptural sites of China. An important cache of documents was discovered in 1900 in the so-called "Library Cave", which had been walled-up in the 11th century. The contents of the library were subsequently dispersed around the world, and the largest collections are now found in Beijing, London, Paris and Berlin, and the International Dunhuang Project exists to coordinate and collect scholarly work on the Dunhuang manuscripts and other material. The caves themselves are now a popular tourist destination, with a number open for visiting.
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They branch off in various directions with some interconnecting segments. A tunnel was built by the British for the Haifa-Beirut railroad line, and in 1968 a second one was dug, both connecting the grottoes with each other and allowing access (currently: only exit) along the former route of the British railroad. For many years though, the only access to the grottoes was from the sea and the native swimmers and divers were the only ones capable of visiting. The 400 meters long tunnel dug in 1968 between the grottoes and slightly above sea level allowed easier access, and soon after a cable car was built to take visitors down from the top of the cliff to the tunnels.
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On September 23, 1985, Henson Airlines Flight 1517 crashed in Grottoes, Virginia, while on approach to the Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport. The two pilots and twelve passengers were killed.
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He also painted many religious scenes among which stand out his many compositions treating the subjects of the Temptation of St Anthony and hermit saints in grottoes or deserts.
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Choranche is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. Famous is . The grottoes were discovered end the 19th Century and hide a unique sight of fine stalactites.
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These three divisions were based on the main focus of Taoism in Southern China during the time it was made, namely; meditation, ritual, and exorcism. These Three Grottoes were used as levels for the initiation of Taoist masters, from lowest (exorcism) to highest (meditation). As well as the Three Grottoes there were Four Supplements that were added to the Canon c. 500. These were mainly taken from older core Taoist texts (e.g.
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The Northern Wei was good to Maijishan and the grottoes existence close to the Wei capital city of Luoyang and the main road west brought the site recognition and, most likely, support. The earliest dated inscription is from 502, and records the excavation of what is now identified as Cave 115. Other inscriptions record the continued expansion of the grottoes, as works were dedicated by those with the financial means to do so.
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Erosion by water and wind has shaped the calcareous rock into grottoes and arches. Since the coast is steep, some of the finest sights can be reached only by sea.
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Central Amitabha figure. Hidden Stream Temple Cave. (May 2004) The Hidden Stream Temple Cave ( also zhai fu tang) is cave number 20 at the Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang, Henan, China.
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Monica Esposito (1993: vol2., p. 389-440; 1997: p. 67-123) mentions the 'Longmen' (lóngmén) Tantric branch of Mount Jizu a regional example of the tradition that yielded the Longmen Grottoes.
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This fern species is native to Florida (United States), Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Jamaica, Bahamas, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Colombia, Brazil, and Venezuela. It is restricted to moist, shaded, limestone ledges and grottoes.
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Longyou County is a county of Quzhou City, in the west of Zhejiang Province, China. In it is located the Huzhen pagoda (). The Quzhou Longyou Caves or Grottoes (, ). are a local feature.
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Originally called Datong Beijiazao Airport (大同倍加造机场), it was renamed to Yungang in August 2012, after the nearby Yungang Grottoes, a World Heritage Site and popular tourist attraction.
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A terracotta warrior from Gansu, with traces of polychrome and gold, from the Tang dynasty (618–907) The historic Silk Road starts in Chang'an and goes to Constantinople. On the way merchants would go to Dunhuang in Gansu. In Dunhuang they would get fresh camels, food and guards for the journey around the dangerous Taklamakan Desert. Before departing Dunhuang they would pray to the Mogao Grottoes for a safe journey, if they came back alive they would thank the gods at the grottoes.
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Les Grottes Pétrifiantes de Savonnières Les Grottes Pétrifiantes de Savonnières, also known as the caves gouttières, are two grottoes located in Savonnières, Indre-et-Loire, France. Roman gravestones The Romans were present in the caves, as evidenced by the discovery of pottery, manual mills, and a graveyard, with seven gravestones remaining. The grottoes were mostly formed during the Middle Ages, the stone (tuffeau) being used to build châteaux. Centuries later, the caves were flooded with water, slowly creating new passages.
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Santa Maria di Leuca's littoral is marked by numerous grottoes with Latin and Greek inscriptions. Also famous are the 19th century patrician villas (c. 43 in number). Not far off Punta Ristola, at c.
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30Carlo Ginzburg (2012)Threads and Traces: True, False, Fictive, (papers), University of California Press, , Chapter 3: Montaigne, Cannibals, and Grottoes and influenced the creation of the myth of the "noble savage" during the Enlightenment.
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There is also the Red Stone Gorge, a canyon lined with grottoes containing carved ancient writing and Buddhist art. The town also contains an ancient pagoda. The Chinese dialect of Jin is spoken in Yulin.
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They were visited by Bernard Palissy in 1547, and an extension (the second grotto) was discovered by a speleologist (Gilles) in 1947. In the 1960s, the grottoes were managed by their owner as to allow access to tourists. They were added to ANECAT (Association Nationale des Exploitants de Cavernes Aménagées pour le Tourisme), and have since become a popular tourist attraction. "Petrified" plants Objects are put under the grottoes' springs for six months to a year, which covers them in limestone, creating a "petrified" look.
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Shaan-Gan from Du Halde's 1736 Description of China, based on reports from Jesuit missionaries ' (), formerly known as Xihaigu' (), is a prefecture- level city in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It occupies the southernmost section of the region, bordering Gansu province to the east, south, and due west. This is also the site of Mount Sumeru Grottoes (), which is among the ten most famous grottoes in China. As of the end of 2018, the total resident population in Guyuan was 1,124,200.
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On October the 25th 2000, the Nombre de Dios Grottoes were opened to the public, welcoming over 3,000 visitors. The day of the inauguration was promoted via the local media on television, radio and in newspapers.
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Typically, the facade is built from granite blocks and the outside tables and benches are made of the same stone as well. Grottoes are popular with locals and tourists alike, especially during the hot summer months.
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Following the example of the Buddhist Tripiṭaka, it is divided into three dong (, "caves", "grottoes"). They are arranged from "highest" to "lowest":; # The Zhen ("real" or "truth" ) grotto. Includes the Shangqing texts. # The Xuan ("mystery" ) grotto.
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In the 1960s, Marayan was a small village containing a mosque and a spring. In the village's immediate vicinity are the ruins of Byzantine-era grottoes, which were being used as underground residences in the 1960s.
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Even after Fan Jinshi gained renown as an expert, Su disapproved of the first drafts of her archaeological report on the Dunhuang Grottoes. It took another five years' revision before the report was finally published in 2011.
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Crystal Grottoes was discovered in 1920 in the course of quarrying operations by a road construction crew trying to obtain gravel.Crystal Grottoes web site A drill bit (for placing explosives) disappeared into a hole, and the crew realized they had found a cave. Blasting produced the entrance which is still used, and in 1922 the cave was opened to the public. A mapping operation in 1968 revealed about a half mile of passages, but only about one third of the cave is accessed during the tour, which takes about 30–35 minutes.
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St. Peter's Basilica, the church of the Vatican, is traditionally located at the burial place of Simon Peter, and most scholars parties agree that the basilica was built on top of a large necropolis on the Vatican Hill. In 1939, an excavation underneath the grottoes which lie directly under the current Basilica, uncovered several surviving Roman mausoleums from the necropolis, and in the area directly under the high altar, below the grottoes, the excavators found a structure resembling a temple that they named the aedicula (meaning little temple).
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Additionally, artifacts of the Stone Age were unearthed in grottoes in the Quảng Bình region. Owners of these artifacts lived in the caves and grottoes and hunted for their food. Human settlement in Đồng Hới can be traced 5,000 years back. Many relics and remnants have been found in Bau Tro, a lake in the city, most of which date to the Stone Age. Around 2880 BC, the site of modern Đồng Hới was a territory of the Viet Thuong tribe of Văn Lang during the reign of king Hùng Vương.
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The other two grottoes are the Yungang Caves near Datong in Shanxi Province, and the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang in Gansu Province. The valley formed by the Yi River enclosed by two hills ranges of Xiangshan (to the east) and Longmenshan (to the west) hills have steep slopes on the western and eastern slopes along the river. Yi is a north flowing tributary of the Luo River. The grottoes are formed in 1 km of the stretch of this river and were carved on both banks, in limestone formations creating the Longmen Caves.
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Karen Rosenberg (August 11, 2011), Out-Magritting Magritte, or at Least Coming Close New York Times. From October 2010 to June 2011, he was a Getty Scholar.Current Theme and Scholars in Residence 2010/2011 Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles. In 2011, Demand curated a selection of postcards of grottoes from the collection of Gerhard Stein—a computer engineer from south Germany who has amassed over 50,000 postcards of grottoes over his 30 years of collecting—for the Nottingham Contemporary, filling each cabinet with multiple images of subterranean spaces.
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Since the end of the works, the sandstone of the grottoes has been exposed to heavy weathering. Many of the grottoes are exposed to the open air, and are therefore vulnerable to various forms of pollution and deterioration. Windblown dust and air pollution from the industrial city of Datong, as well as dust from mines and highways near the site pose a threat to the preservation of the ancient statues. The site is also in proximity of the Gobi Desert, the storms of which can contribute to the decay of the statues.
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Reisene Til Grotter Og Ødemarker was also a music video released in 1996. This was the first video by Mortiis. The translated title means "The Journeys to Grottoes and Wastelands". There are 2,000 copies available of the VHS.
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Rosh HaNikra () is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located on the Mediterranean coast near the Rosh HaNikra grottoes and the border with Lebanon, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Asher Regional Council. In it had a population of .
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The estate now belongs to Alastair Morrison, 3rd Baron Margadale. Next to the lake (but outside the parish) is the Fonthill Grottoes Site of Special Scientific Interest. Part of the Great Ridge Wood lies in the north of the parish.
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The Hellenistic city of Rhodes was designed with rock-cut artificial grottoes incorporated into the city, made to look natural.E. E. Rice, "Grottoes on the Acropolis of Hellenistic Rhodes", The Annual of the British School at Athens 90 (1995), pp. 383–404. At the great Roman sanctuary of Praeneste south of Rome, the oldest portion of the primitive sanctuary was situated on the second lowest terrace, in a grotto in the natural rock where a spring developed into a well. According to tradition, Praeneste's sacred spring had a native nymph, who was honored in a grotto-like watery nymphaeum.
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The outsides of garden grottoes are often designed to look like an enormous rock, a rustic porch or a rocky overhang. Inside, they are decorated as a temple or with fountains, stalactites and imitation gems and shells (sometimes made in ceramic); herms and mermaids, mythological subjects suited to the space; and naiads, or river gods whose urns spilled water into pools. Damp grottoes were cool places to retreat from the Italian sun, but they also became fashionable in the cool drizzle of the Île-de-France. In Kuskovo in the Sheremetev estate there is a Summer Grotto, built in 1775.
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Sculpture in a grotto setting, Villa Torrigiani, Lucca Grottoes could also serve as baths; an example of this is at the Palazzo del Te, in the 'Casino della Grotta', where a small suite of intimate rooms is laid out around a grotto and loggetta (covered balcony). Courtiers once bathed in the small cascade that splashed over the pebbles and shells encrusted in the floor and walls. Grottoes have also served as chapels, or at Villa Farnese at Caprarola, a little theater designed in the grotto manner. They were often combined with cascading fountains in Renaissance gardens.
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Besides the Alabastrites, we find to the north of Antinoë the grottoes of Beni Hasan, the Speos Artemidos of the Greeks. Nine miles lower down are the grottoes of Kom el-Ahmar, and in the Arabian desert, on the east, quarries of the beautiful veined and white alabaster, which the Egyptians employed in their sarcophagi, and in the more delicate portions of their architecture. From the quarries of Tourah and Massarah, in the hills of Gebel-el-Mokattam, east of Memphis, they obtained the limestone used in casing the pyramids. The roads from these quarries may still be traced across the intervening plain.
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Along the West Mountain range in western Taiyuan, tourists can find Tianlongshan Grottoes, which were gradually built over many centuries, from the northern Qi dynasty, and contains thousands of Buddhist statues and artwork. The grottoes exist today in a damaged state with many of the sculptures now missing, that visitors to the caves cannot imagine how they looked in the past. Many of the sculptures from the caves are now in museums around the world. However, though the sculptures may be preserved and displayed, visitors to museums cannot understand them in their original historical, spatial, and religious contexts.
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A series of housing built in and around the mountain grottoes located about 200m north of the Ramesseum at Sheikh ‘Adb el-Qurna. The stretch of land has been the bitter battlefield between the original owners and the Egyptian government for the last 60 years, because it lay on top of an archeological area, part of the Tombs of the Nobles. Edward William Lane relates that the residents moved into these grottoes from the village of Qurna, which they abandoned, when the Mamluks retreated thought the area, following their defeat by Muhammad 'Alī's forces in the early 19th century.
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In the city of Luoyang, Henan, a bridge on the Yi River collapsed as onlookers crowded it to watch the flooding, 51 people were killed with 15 missing. Flooding also threatened the Longmen Grottoes, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the city.
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2 This high place is now associated with Rosh HaNikra grottoes (Scala Tyriorum), and which marked the southern pass into Phoenicia proper, and formed the boundary between that country and Palestine.Kitto (1865), p. 769Conder, C.R. (1881), pp. 191–192Guérin, V. (1880), pp.
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The heads of many statues were also destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. Two murals taken from the grottoes are reported to be displayed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri.
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Syrian Language "Holy Bible" Discovered in Dunhuang Grottoes Numerous smaller Buddhist cave sites are located in the region, including the Western Thousand Buddha Caves, the Eastern Thousands Buddha Caves, and the Five Temple site. The Yulin Caves are located further east in Guazhou County.
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Whether in tidal water or high up in hills, grottoes are generally made up of limestone geology, where the acidity of standing water has dissolved the carbonates in the rock matrix as it passes through what were originally small fissures. See karst topography, cavern.
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The monastery, which is next to the church, still functions as a Cistercian community. It boasts a beautiful cloister rebuilt in the 15th century. All around the cloister, it is possible to see the lay brothers' refectory, the cellar, the chapter house and the grottoes.
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The association was founded in 1972 by Dr. Sergio Valci, a Vatican employee. He remained President of the Association until his death in 2012. Mass has been held for members of the Association at Saint Peter's tomb below St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican grottoes.
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Multiple grottoes with water-driven automata, a water organ, surprise jets that drenched visitors' finery when the fontanieri opened secret spigots, offered striking juxtapositions of Art with imitations of rugged Nature. The park and Villa Demidoff, which is the restored Paggeria of Villa di Pratolino.
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During the period of 1368 to 1912, when two dynasties ruled in China, namely the Ming dynasty from 1368 to 1644, and the Qing dynasty from 1644 to 1912, there was cultural revival and the Longmen Grottoes received recognition both at the national and international level. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese looted the site and took many of the statues back to Japan. Many of these relics are now in Japanese museums. Vandalism occurred in the 1940s, a result of political unrest. With the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the grottoes have been declared as protected area and are being conserved.
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Today a cable car takes visitors down to see the grottos. A kibbutz, also named Rosh HaNikra, is located nearby. The Israeli city Nahariya is located about 10 km (6 miles) south of Rosh HaNikra. you must take a cable car to get into the grottoes.
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The site was among the first to be designated for protection in 1961 as a Major National Historical and Cultural Site. In 2008 the Yulin Grottoes were submitted for future inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the Chinese Section of the Silk Road.
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These included the demolished spired stables (c.1828, designer unknown), a gardener's cottage (1827), rustic bridge and pond (c.1832) and the extant grottoes, retaining walls and stairs. Architect, John Verge (1788-1862) is believed to have been responsible for the design of the grotto and retaining walls.
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Abraham van Cuylenborch or Cuylenberg; Cuylenburgh (1620 – 1658) was a Dutch Golden Age landscape painter. A Tomb in a Grotto, 1641 Cuylenborch was born in Utrecht and is known for landscapes with grottoes, in the manner of Cornelis van Poelenburgh.Abraham van Cuylenborch in the RKD Cuylenborch died in Utrecht.
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Ji () means "stack" or "mound". Shan () means "mountain". The mountain is formed of purplish red sandstone. They are just one of the string of Buddhist grottoes that can be found in this area of northwest China, lying more or less on the main routes connecting China and Central Asia.
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Limestone is prone to weathering which often creates peculiar shapes. Karst processes created numerous caves and grottoes in this area. The river here has a mountainous character with about 70 rapids, and its elevation here decreases by over a length of . Large boulders sometimes protrude above the water surface.
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Ruins of the Shell Grotto. The estate is notable for the remains of a 'Shell Grotto'. The fashion for such grottoes was at its height in the later 18th century, popularised by precedents at Stourhead estate, in Wiltshire c.1748, and Pope's villa Grotto in Twickenham, c.1725.
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The gardens still retain scenic setpieces with grottoes and The Garden Lover's Guide to Italy; by Penelope Hobhouse, Giorgio Galletti, Princeton Architectural Press, (1998): page 81. The villa and gardens are open to tours. It lies close to Villa Mazzarosa and Villa Torrigiani.Villas and Palaces of Lucca official site.
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The Megalithic Portal. "Silk Road, North China". Nearby are the Maijishan Grottoes, filled with thousands of Buddhist sculptures representing figures such as Buddha and the original male form of Guanyin, produced between the Wei and Song dynasties by monks travelling along the road and by local Buddhists.Shrotriya, Alok & al.
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Qarnayel has a hospital (Al Jabal Hospital). Many grottoes are located in the steep pine-clad slopes above the town. The village is a major source of pine nuts due to stone pine (Pinus pinea) woods covering the area. Qarnayel also produces a variety of fruits and vegetables.
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Many would-be explorers are injured here each year. Those interested in exploring this cave and others should contact a local caving club, or grotto. Some of the best grottoes in the country are located very near Pettyjohn Cave. Grotto members are involved in conservation, cave rescue, and exploration.
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The Addaura cave (Italian: Grotta dell'Addaura) is a complex of three natural grottoes located on the northeast side of Mount Pellegrino in Palermo, Sicily, southern Italy. The importance of the complex is due to the presence of cave- wall engravings dated to the late Epigravettian (contemporaneous with the Magdalenian) and the Mesolithic. On the side of Mount Pellegrino, overlooking Palermo, to the southeast of Mondello beach at above sea level, there are some open grottoes and cavities where bones and tools used for hunting have been found, attesting the presence of humans who lived in them beginning in the Paleolithic and into the Mesolithic. The finds are now conserved in Palermo's Regional Archaeological Museum.
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The discovery of the graffiti of Addaura was recent and came about quite casually. The three grottoes that make up the Addaura complex in the massif of Mount Pellegrino had already been studied by paleoanthropologists, as the skeleton of a dwarf elephant had been discovered there. It was after the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily and their arrival in Palermo that the Allies, in search of a suitable site, decided to use the grottoes for storing munitions and explosives. The accidental explosion of the arsenal at the end of the war brought about the crumbling of the main grotto walls and the collapse of a rock wall, bringing to light the graffiti covered with the patina of time.
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Gathering of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas 720p The popularization of Buddhism in China has made the country home to one of the richest collections of Buddhist arts in the world. The Mogao Caves near Dunhuang and the Bingling Temple caves near Yongjing in Gansu province, the Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang in Henan province, the Yungang Grottoes near Datong in Shanxi province, and the Dazu Rock Carvings near Chongqing municipality are among the most important and renowned Buddhist sculptural sites. The Leshan Giant Buddha, carved out of a hillside in the 8th century during the Tang Dynasty and looking down on the confluence of three rivers, is still the largest stone Buddha statue in the world.
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The church (known as tempietto, meaning "small temple", for its small size) was built in 1717–1720/21 by commission of bishop Giovanni Gambi, a relative of Pope Clement XI. It consists of a travertine façade which precedes three grottoes housing the saint's sepulture, which have been turned into oratories.
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Seiyō Ogawa in front of the Yungang Grottoes is a Japanese photographer, printer, and publisher who was a pioneer in photography of Buddhist sculptures and cultural properties in the Taishō and Shōwa eras. The name Seiyō is a pseudonym which was given to him from his master Maruki Riyō; his real name was .
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Rarer species, such as Tibetan bears, white pheasants, gray gibbons, and cobras are common in the park. The highest points of the park are Mount Voi (1,387m), Mount Ten (1,244m) and Mount Cẩn (1,144m). There are extensive grottoes and caves running 7–8 km inside these mountains; they contain large populations of bats.
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During the Renaissance, topiary grew in popularity, and gardens were filled with sculptures from Italy and Flanders. The Duke of Alba's estate had a large private Flemish garden with topiary, waterworks, and grottoes. Myrtles and lemon and orange trees were also often used in Renaissance gardens. Philip II also greatly influenced Spanish gardening.
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Apsaras are often depicted as flying figures in the mural paintings and sculptures of Buddhist cave sites in China such as in the Mogao Caves, Yulin Caves, and the Yungang and Longmen Grottoes. They may also be depicted as dancers or musicians. They are referred to as feitian (飞天) in Chinese.
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Italic tribe locations. Human settlement in the Palermo area goes back to prehistoric times. It has one of the most ancient sites in Sicily: Interesting graffiti and prehistoric paintings were discovered in the Addaura grottoes in 1953 by archaeologist Jole Bovio Marconi. They portray dancing figures performing a propitiatory rite, perhaps shamans.
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To the north and northeast is Mirandize state. This northern area is rich in limestone. It is formed by deposits from the rivers from the Serranía del Interior mountains in the central region of the Cordillera de la Costa. Among the slopes of the Serranía del Interior are grottoes, caves and caverns.
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The caves are examples of rock-cut architecture, but unlike Longmen Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes, the local rock is a rather soft gravel conglomerate that is not suitable for either sculpture or elaborate architectural details.Whitfield and Farrer, pp 13-14 Many of the early caves were developed from earlier Buddhist rock-cut chaitya styles seen in places such as the Ajanta Caves in India, with a square-sectioned central column, with sculpture in niches, representing the stupa round which worshippers may circumambulate (parikrama) and gain blessings. Others are hall caves influenced by traditional Chinese and Buddhist temple architecture. These caves may have a truncated pyramidal ceiling sometimes painted to resemble a tent, or they may have a flat or gabled ceiling that imitates traditional buildings.
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The Archangel is also thought to protect the mountain against earthquakes: "Santə Məchelə fa lu uardianə intə li gruttə də Montə e accuscì intə pə intə tè abbada tuttə li gruttə e non li fà anchi də demonjə e non fa succedə li tremutə", "Saint Michael guards the grottoes of Monte Sant'Angelo, he controls all the grottoes and guards their interior, he prevents them from becoming full of demons and prevents earthquakes from happening". Pilgrimages to the grotto of Saint Michael in Monte Sant'Angelo take the route of the Via Sacra Langobardorum. As such, pilgrims walk through the town of San Marco in Lamis with the Convento of San Matteo Apostolo being one of the places hosting pilgrims during their stops.
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The earliest history of the creation of Longmen Grottoes is traced to the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei dynasty when he shifted his capital to Luoyang from Dàtóng; Luoyang's symbolic value is borne by the fact that it served as the historic capital for 13 dynasties. The grottoes were excavated and carved with Buddhist subjects over the period from 493 AD to 1127 AD, in four distinct phases. The first phase started with the Northern Wei dynasty (493–534). The second phase saw slow development of caves as there was interruption due to strife in the region, between 524 and 626, during the reign of the Sui dynasty (581–618) and the early part of the Tang dynasty (618–907).
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It was the time of the construction of the Yungang Grottoes near Datong during the mid-to-late 5th century, and towards the latter part of the dynasty, the Longmen Caves outside the later capital city of Luoyang, in which more than 30,000 Buddhist images from the time of this dynasty have been found.
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Priest Robertas Gedvydas Skrinskas in his 1999 guide to pilgrimage sites counted more than 100 Marian images that are considered miraculous and 25 sites of Marian apparitions. As of 2013, there were 33 Lourdes grottoes in Lithuania, mainly in Samogitia. The list below includes only the key sites that continue to be visited by pilgrims.
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Lakhdaria Skyline Minarets in the city Lakhdaria (), is a town in northern Algeria, in the Bouïra Province. It is located 50 miles (75 km) south east of Algiers. It is surrounded by the Kabylie mountains, and by a 3 miles long river named oued Isser, passing by rocky mountains called the grottoes of Lakhdaira.
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The Rosh HaNikra grottoes are cavernous tunnels formed by sea action on the soft chalk rock. The total length is some 200 metres. They branch off in various directions with some interconnecting segments. In the past, the only access to them was from the sea and experienced divers were the only ones capable of visiting.
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Mount Meridian is an unincorporated community in Augusta County, Virginia, United States. Mount Meridian is located on the Middle River west of Grottoes. The Mt. Meridian Schoolhouse, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located near Mount Meridian. Politician James A. Walker was a native of the Mount Meridian area.
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Tipe dei Successori Le Monnier, 1889, page 351. He was named Honorary Academic of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Venice.Atti della Reale Accademia e del Reale Istituto di belle arti in Venezia, Page 93. In his family's ancient domain in Frassanelle, he decided to create a natural landscape park, complete with artificial grottoes.
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The Grotto is a rustic eatery, offering traditional food ranging from pasta to homemade meat specialties. Popular dishes are Luganighe and Luganighetta, a type of artisan sausages. Authentic grottoes are old wine caves re-functioned into restaurants. Due to their nature they are mostly found in or around forests and built against a rocky background.
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The Grotte di Pilato (Italian: "Grottoes of Pilate") are a complex system of tunnels and pools in the island of Ponza, Italy. Dug to sea level, they are from the Roman period. Many locals believe they were used to raise morray eels. In 1997 a Roman statue was discovered submerged in one of the tunnels.
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The Dniester Canyon attracts thousands of water tourists each year. Alloy on the Dniester river is one of the most interesting trips in Ukraine. Picturesque landscapes include steep rocky or forest banks of 200 m high, unique travertine rocks and geological removed layers, caves and grottoes, waterfalls, islands, monuments of nature, history, architecture, and ethnography.
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Mato Grosso is a state with a flat landscape that alternates between vast chapadas and plain areas. Mato Grosso contains three main ecosystems: the Cerrado, the Pantanal and the Amazon rainforest. Open pasture vegetation covers 40% of the state. The Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, with caves, grottoes, tracks, and waterfalls, is one of its tourist attractions.
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It was sacked at the end of the Eastern Han. Pingcheng became the capital of Northern Wei from AD398–494. The Yungang Grottoes were constructed during the later part of this period (460–494). During the mid to late 520s, Pingcheng was the seat of Northern Wei's Dai Commandery.. The city was renamed Datong in 1048.
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Rococo was thought to derive from a combination of the French words rocaille, which characterizes a form of colorful and irregular rockwork used to embellish grottoes and fountains, and coquillage, shell motifs that accompanied the rocaille.Coffin (2008), p. 13 Another possibility is that the expression combined rocaille with the Italian adjective barocco, meaning misshaped, malformed, or convoluted.
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Zikrin (), pronounced Dhikrin, was a Palestinian Arab village in the Hebron Subdistrict, depopulated in the 1948 Palestine War. The site is located about northwest of Beit Gubrin and sits at a mean elevation of above sea-level, its access somewhat impeded by hedges of buckthorn and cactus. The entire site is dotted with grottoes and caves, and razed structures.
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Nancy Steinhardt speculates that the complex brackets on what would have been a humble structure were an attempt by the Northern Han rulers to build a magnificent structure with limited resources.Steinhardt (1997), 80. The hall contains eleven sculptures from the Northern Han period. These are the only Chinese sculptures from the period that survive from outside the Mogao Grottoes.
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Yima has a long and magnificent history and culture, being one of the cradles of ancient China. It has many territorial and historical sites, along with a famous ancient culture. ;Hongqingsi Grottoes ;Chu Pit Site Xiang Yu killed 200,000 Qin prisoners and threw their corpses into a hole. It is located twenty villages west of LiXingWan village.
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The entrance tower The garden features statues, sculptures, towers, tunnels, a labyrinth (with revolving floor), a conifer dog's head, a oak green man, water fountains, as well as grottoes. It also has a cafe and gift shop. It covers . It is set out as a maze, and visitors are given a checklist of things to find on their visit.
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Settlement in Tayasir is believed to date back to the Canaanite era in Palestine, its name deriving from the Canaanite word Asheer meaning "pleasure" or "happiness." Several archaeological remains are located in the village, including an Ancient Roman palace, an olive press, several grottoes and the old mosque.Tayasir Village Profile Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem. February 2006.
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The major objects of attraction are the river banks, boitsy rocks and their caves and grottoes. Many of these rocks are under state protection as natural monuments.Ordinance governor of Perm Oblast No 163 from 26.06.2001, the " Refinement of the status, category, borders and protection of specially protected natural areas" About 200,000 people annually visit the Kungur Cave near Chusovoy.
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Longmen Grottoes (Mt. Longmen), Luoyang, Henan Henan has a diverse landscape with floodplains in the east and mountains in the west. Much of the province forms part the densely populated North China Plain, an area known as the "breadbasket of China". The Taihang Mountains intrude partially into Henan's northwestern borders from Shanxi, forming the eastern edge of Loess Plateau.
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On 18 December, the pope made a pilgrimage of Rome's seven pilgrimage churches, despite being ill, and caught a cold as a result. This became a heavy cough combined with a fever that led to his death. Innocent IX died in the early morning of 30 December 1591. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes in a simple tomb.
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There were once rumours of a deep network of caves known as the Regensen grottoes. Within the cave network there were many goblins, organised into different unions with peculiar names like Hof, Ping and Konvencio. One day, an innocent young boy named Viktor fell into the caves. He lived there for many months, uncertain of how to escape.
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The fascinating Adiangao Caves is located in the barangay of Adiangao, San Jose, Camarines Sur. The inner part of the cave reveals a seemingly chain of grottoes in an enormous column, as well as numerous stalactites and stalagmites, both along the floor and ceiling which formed like drip-stones or semblance of icicles, and the hanging waterfalls.
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The English version of the former (TOR, MIGHTY WARRIOR) carries an end credit which says "The producers wish to express their gratitude to the Yugoslave (sic) authorities for granting permission to shoot some scenes in the grottoes of Postumia". The underworld scenes of ARRIVANO I TITANI by Duccio Tessari also seem to have been filmed here.
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Shizong's successor, Emperor Zhangzong, banned the teaching of Quanzhen Taoism. He considered them as causing heretical and detrimental to society;He converted to Quanzhen's teachings later and let Wang Chuyi stay in Yanjing (present-day Beijing) for a year. Shizong's grandson Wanyan Shou later wrote a biography for Wang Chongyang. He was immortalized in the Longmen Grottoes.
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They are an outstanding example of the Chinese stone carvings from the 5th and 6th centuries. There are 53 major caves, along with 51,000 niches housing the same number of Buddha statues. Additionally, there are around 1,100 minor caves. A Ming Dynasty-era fort is still located on top of the cliff housing the Yungang Grottoes.
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Martin established near Tours the "grand monastère", i.e. Marmoutier, where in the beginning the monks lived in separate grottoes or wooden huts. A little later Cassian founded two monasteries at Marseilles (415). He had previously visited the monks of the East, and especially Egypt, and had brought back their methods, which he adapted to the circumstances of Gallo-Roman life.
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The Adventure Cove Waterpark () is situated in southern Singapore. The park features seven water slides, including the region’s first hydro-magnetic coaster, Riptide Rocket. It also features bay like Bluwater Bay, a wave pool and the Adventure River. The river, one of the world’s longest lazy-rivers, have 13 themed scenes of tropical jungles, grottoes, a surround aquarium and more.
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Speleogobius trigloides, also known as the Grotto goby, is a species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea where it is known to inhabit grottoes at depths of from .Kovačić, M., Ordines, F. & Schliewen, U.K. (2016): A new species of Speleogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Western Mediterranean Sea. Zootaxa, 4066 (3): 301–310. This species grows to a length of SL.
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Efforts are under way to restore his grotto.Victoria Lambert "Inside Alexander Pope's hidden grotto" The Telegraph, 15 September 2015 There are grottoes in the landscape gardens of Painshill Park,Alison Hodges, "Painshill, Cobham, Surrey: The Grotto", Garden History 3.2 (Spring 1975), pp. 23–28 Stowe, Clandon Park and Stourhead.James Turner, "The Structure of Henry Hoare's Stourhead", The Art Bulletin 61.1 (March 1979), pp.
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Entrance to the Feilai Feng Scenic Area, which contains Lingyin, the Feilai Feng grottoes, and other temples. The Wuling Mountains area is a major centre of Chan Buddhism in south-eastern China. A number of smaller temples are also located in the area. Today, Lingyin and the surrounding areas are marketed as the Lingyin-Feilai Feng Scenic Area, with ticketed admission.
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More are located in various caves and grottoes throughout the peak. Within the main cave, dedicated to the bodhisattva Guanyin, there is a crack in the ceiling of the cave that stretches up to the surface, so that a person standing at a certain position can see a sliver of sunlight. This is known as the "one thread of heaven" ().
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He continued his education with courses in horticulture and landscape gardening. In 1849, without quitting his post at the Tuileries, he opened a small workshop, and began to take on landscaping projects. These took him as far afield as Strasburg. The fashion at the time was to decorate large gardens with rockeries and grottoes and to form these from plain concrete.
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To east side of the Qixia Stupa is the Thousand Buddha Rock (), the only Buddhist grottoes of the Southern dynasties (420-589) in China. There are 297 Buddhist niches and 515 statues. In the following dynasties, such as Tang (618-907), Song (960-1279), Yuan (1271-1368) and Ming dynasties (1368-1644), statues were also carved. Totally there are more than 700 statues.
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Born in Cronheim, he was an architect in the city of Nuremberg and specialized in hydraulic architecture. Architectura Curiosa Nova was his most important work. It is mainly a book on theory and application of hydrodynamics for fountains, water-jets, garden fountains and well heads with many designs for free-standing fountains. The fourth part includes designs for grottoes and garden pavilions.
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Leroy Fairchild, who was a local merchant and business man. From 1902 on, the Supreme Council would elect and transition power to officers on a yearly basis. Axelrod p.110HISTORY OF THE GROTTOES OF NORTH AMERICA, M.O.V.P.E.R. Frequently Asked Questions The name of the organization, as well as its principle female auxiliary were derived from Lalla-Rookh by Thomas Moore.
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Roma, 1996. John VII also constructed the Oratory of John VII in Old St Peter's Basilica, dedicated to the Theotokos. Fragments of the mosaic decoration can be found in the Vatican grottoes. Furthermore, a sizeable icon, known as the Madonna della Clemenza and housed in Santa Maria in Trastevere, is believed to have been commissioned under the patronage of John.
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In 1913, a passage was carefully excavated around one of the grottoes to make a further gallery accessible. In 1928, the lighting, which had been run from a private generator, was connected to the national electrical grid. In 1936 another 70 meter long path was discovered and connected to the main gallery. The Binghöhle reaches a depth of 60 meters below the surface.
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Nearby cities include Tizi Ouzou to the north and Bouïra to the south. The park is home to a very broken tectonics, as well as many forests, grottoes, gorges, and important fauna, including the endangered Barbary macaque,IUCN. 2008. Redlist: Macaca sylvanus Macaca sylvanus, a primate whose prehistoric distribution in North Africa was much broader than today.C. Michael Hogan. 2008.
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He then was laid to rest in the Vatican grottoes. It was said that around 10 p.m. on the night of his death, the pope learned that several young neo-Fascists had fired upon a group of young people reading L'Unità, the Communist newspaper, outside one of the party's offices in Rome. One boy was killed while another was seriously wounded.
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Some bore fruit that actually seemed to be illuminated -- oranges, pears, and peaches glowing like decorated electric light bulbs! Moon and star flowers grew in great profusion, and in the distance caves and grottoes of purest crystal scintillated in the high noon sun."Ozoplaning, Chapter 6. The Stratovanians themselves are comparably impressive -- :"The Airlanders were a head taller than even the Tin Woodman.
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The Mongol empire emerged in 1206 under the leadership of Genghis Khan, and it expanded quickly. In 1218, Taiyuan was conquested by the Mongol army led by General Muqali. Kublai Khan established the Yuan dynasty in 1271, and the administrative area of Taiyuan Lu () was expanded. The Taoist Longshan Grottoes was built in early Yuan dynasty, initiated by Taoist monk Song Defang ().
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An underground church has existed since the time of Constantine I (306–312), and has been enlarged over the centuries. It has been consecrated to Saint Onuphrius, with the grottoes found in the southern part of the church. From this period, the Orthodox have conserved the custom of dedicating a number of funeral chapels to Saint Onuphrius.Ангел Гробниц или история разрушенной святыни.
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Dniester Canyon is a river segment from the mouth of Zolota Lypa River to the mouth of Zbruch. Here the Dniester flows in a canyon valley with a depth of . The steep canyon slopes are of limestone and it was chosen as one of 7 natural wonders of Ukraine. Within the canyon there are more than ten karst caves and grottoes.
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Israel also has a number of areas of karst topography. Caves in the region have been used for thousands of years as shelter, storage rooms, barns and as places of public gatherings. The far northern coastline of the country has some chalk landscapes best seen at Rosh HaNikra, a chalk cliff into which a series of grottoes have been eroded.
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US 340 through Grottoes, Virginia US 340 continues north as East Side Highway, which parallels the South River and the rail line along the flank of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern edge of the Shenandoah Valley. The highway crosses Sawmill Run and reduces to two lanes in the community of Dooms and crosses Mine Branch in the village of Crimora. US 340 crosses Meadows Run, Pains Run, and Still Run and enters Rockingham County at the south end of the town of Grottoes. The highway follows Augusta Avenue through the east side of the town and meets the eastern end of SR 256 (Third Street). US 340 curves northeast and meets the eastern end of SR 253 (Port Republic Road) south of Port Republic, where the South River and North River merge to form the South Fork Shenandoah River.
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Early grottos were mainly of the shell grotto type, mimicking a sea-cave, or in the form of a nymphaeum. The shells were often laid out in strict patterns in contemporary decorative styles used for plasterwork and the like. Later there was a move towards more naturalistic cave-like grottoes, sometimes showing the early influence of the Romantic movement. The porch of Scott's Grotto today.
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The passage toward Theriso was defended by narrow gorges, easy for the insurgents to control. Moreover, these gorges concealed numerous grottoes and caverns that served as natural shelters for the insurgents who converged around Theriso. The village was already a symbol of resistance before 1905: in 1821, during the Greek War of Independence, several hundred Greeks there had routed an army of 21,000 Ottomans.
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The St. Mary of the Assumption Catholic Church, School and Grottoes of Dwight, Nebraska, located at 336 W. Pine St., is a historic complex dating to 1914. It includes Late Gothic Revival architecture. Also known as Assumption Catholic Church and denoted as BU06-001, the site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. The listing included four contributing buildings and three contributing objects.
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14–17 From Quy Đạt township (in Minh Hóa District) to 150 m southwest, the Hum grotto contains many stone tools and animal stones from an ancient human community. Inside the Khai grotto near Quy Đạt township, similar artifacts were also found. Especially, there are several ceramics of Đông Sơn culture. Additionally, artifacts from the Stone Age were unearthed in some grottoes in Quảng Bình.
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One of the earliest classical scripture referring to Fu was the Huangdi Yinfujing (), although it does not contain specific instructions to write any talisman. The second chapter of each of the three grottoes in the Daozang is a record of the history and feats of the Fulu Sect, where it is described that the origin of Fu script is from the condensation of clouds in the sky.
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These two features were common though by no means universal at that time (see ad orientem). The altar rails have since been removed, allowing easier access to the laity who now participate in the celebration of the Mass. At either side of the church, on the altar side of the transept, are two grottoes. On the left is the tabernacle, containing the reserve of the consecrated hosts.
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The best-known is the Villa d'Este at Tivoli, constructed in 1550 AD. A hill cascaded with many fountains and grottoes, some with water-driven figures that moved or spouted water. Popularity spread across Europe with the well-known water garden at Hellbrunn Palace built with many water-powered human and animal performing figures and puppet theaters, and folly fountains that erupted without notice to surprise visitors.
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This was at the time Buddhism became a state religion and Empress Dowager Wenming was responsible for the imperial shrines at Yungang Grottoes. There is evidence that The Empress Dowager Wenming masterminded the transformation of the government and the sinification movement. When the Empress died she was buried with extraordinary honors. Emperor Xiaowen was distraught and could not eat or drink for five days.
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Northern Wei shrine painting, Yungang Grottoes 460-525 ADNorthern Wei tombs and shrines were of considerable architectural importance and the Empress's tomb was built during a period of striking tomb and shrine building. The construction of her tomb had begun in 484 on Mount Fang (Fangshan, the modern name is Liangshan, i.e., Mount Liang). It sits on hilly ground along with other royal tombs.
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Rock formations of Ongamira. Ongamira's landscapeOngamira is a valley located north of the Valle de Punilla and northwest of the city of Córdoba, Argentina. The name of this valley derives from the word "Unca-mira", where "Unca" refers to the name of a tribal chief, and "mira" refers to a place. Ongamira is known for its caves and grottoes, which are both naturally and archaeologically relevant.
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"The place was a veritable fairy scene, with bowers, grottoes, waterfalls, bridges, islands, and a most attractive Inn, with tables set upon the greensward," according to a 1922 history journal. In effect, Vaughan created "American's first public pleasure park." The gardens turned the tavern from merely a travelers' waypoint into a resort spot, easily reached from the city for meals and day trips., p.
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The entry of Phong Nha Cave Phong Nha Cave Phong Nha Cave is a cave in Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. It is 7,729 metres long and contains 14 grottoes, as well as a 13,969 metre underground river. While scientists have surveyed 44.5 kilometres of passages, tourists are only allowed to explore the first 1500 metres.
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The "Rustic Bridge" was opened in 1915 and was one of Taronga Zoo's earliest landscape features. It was the main way in which visitors could cross the natural gully that it spans. Early photographs show it as a romantic pathway secluded by plantings. The rustic effect was created by embedding stones in the wall and like the aquarium, its design was reminiscent of Italian grottoes.
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Countless hours were spent excavating the hardpan layer that cements much of Fresno's soil to create his underground home. It had a summer bedroom, a winter bedroom, a bath, a functional kitchen, a fish pond, and a parlor with a fireplace.Forestiere Historical Center , Retrieved 27 Apr. 2013. Interspersed amongst the beautiful stone walls and archways are grottoes and courtyards that allow for pockets of light.
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During the following decades, the condition of petroglyphs visibly deteriorated. Petroglyphs are found only inside the caves and grottoes of Kamenna Mohyla, many of them still filled up with sand. No adequate protection from the elements has been provided to this day. No traces of ancient human settlement have been discovered in the vicinity, leading many scholars to believe that the hill served as a remote sanctuary.
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Buddhist monasteries and temples were built in the busy trading centers and in nearby remote mountain spots. The Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves site lies in a gorge under the cliffs of the Flaming Mountains near the pass by Gaochang. It is a complex of seventy Buddhist cave grottoes dating from the 5th to the 9th centuries CE, many with thousands of murals of Buddha.
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Aq Qaya was created as a result of erosion and weathering of chalk and Paleogene limestones and sandstones — a clear example of the Cuesta relief. In the upper part of the rock weathering created pillars, grottoes, oval niches. At the bottom of the rocks accumulate weathering products — slides, piles of boulders, erosion hollows. In some places, erosion is restrained by thickets of wild rose and hornbeam.
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The annual pilgrimage in Rama, Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in Rama is the Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, an homage to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes in Lourdes, France. Many of these grottoes in Saskatchewan and eastern Alberta were created by Fr. Anthony Sylla and his parishioners. Sylla arrived in Saskatchewan in 1909 and by 1933 was in charge of the parish in Rama.
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In 1414 he took part in the Council of Constance, being among the accusators of Gregory XII. In 1417 he participated in the election of Pope Martin V, who made him administrator of Satriano and then of Frascati (1420). Later Panciera became abbot of Concordia, but never moved there. He died in 1431 and was buried in the Vatican grottoes under St. Peter's Basilica.
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Map of the park in Hildburghausen in 1720, from Hofman's atlas The construction of the castle park began in 1700. It was completed by Duke Ernest Frederick I, who wanted to imitate the court at Versailles. The park was equipped with grottoes, fountains, gazebos, sculptures, mazes and an outdoor theatre. In 1720, a canal was added, fed with water from the nearby Werra river.
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Grand Caverns, formerly known as Weyer's Cave, is located in the central Shenandoah Valley in the town of Grottoes, Virginia, United States. A limestone cavern, it claims the distinction of being America's oldest show cave, in operation since 1806. In 1973, the National Park Service designated the cave a National Natural Landmark in recognition of its shield formations and other features, such as flowstone, stalactites, and stalagmites.
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The route followed was initially from Kashgar to Tumshuk and then from Kizil to Kucha to Kumtura and further along Shorchuk—Turfan Oasis—Ürümqi—Hami—Toyuk and back. The collections packed in 118 crates were paintings of grottoes from temples and Buddhist texts. Reports of the second and third expeditions were published as "Gründwedel's Altbuddhistische Kultstätten in Chinesisch-Turkistan" (1912) and Le Coq's book of Auf Hellas Spuren in Ostturkistan (1926).
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The graffiti were carefully studied by the archaeologist Jole Bovio Marconi, whose studies were published in 1953. Since 1997 the Addaura grottoes are no longer open for visitors; the site was closed because of the danger of falling boulders, due to the instability of the rocky ridge above. , the necessary measures to reinforce the ridge have not been implemented, and the site is in a state of decay from vandalism.
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Yves, a fisherman, comes home after a tiring day of fishing and soon falls asleep. In his dream, he is visited by the Fairy of the Ocean, who leads him to a submarine. Yves is made Lieutenant-in-Command and sets off on a submarine voyage. A panorama of undersea views follow, including shipwrecks, underwater grottoes, huge shellfish, sea nymphs, sea monsters, starfish, mermaids, and a ballet of naiads.
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San Thome Basilica, Chennai Modern Marian grotto at a church in Jakarta, Indonesia Today, artificial grottoes are purchased and built for ornamental and devotional purposes. They are often used as shrines in which to place statues of saints, particularly the Virgin Mary, in outdoor gardens. Many Roman Catholics visit a grotto where Bernadette Soubirous saw apparitions of Our Lady of Lourdes. Numerous garden shrines are modelled after these apparitions.
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The terrace leads out into the large park. It is designed in a romantic style with a lake, several springs and fountains, grottoes, and is surrounded by lush greenery with rare species. The garden is full of plants organized according to geographical areas. There are naturally grown regional strawberry and holly bushes, cork oaks; araucaria and palm trees, tree ferns from Australia and New Zealand; and agaves and yuccas from Mexico.
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The shell decoration within grottoes was common during the 19th century and it follows that Molly may have followed the trend and begun the work to place the shells in the grotto. The Hanbury family used the grotto for picnics during nearby shoots throughout the 19th century. During 1882 the then Prince of Wales (later Edward VII), is said to have picnicked at the grotto during a shoot.
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Owners of these artifacts lived in the caves and grottoes and hunted for their food. Under the Hung kings, when Văn Lang nation founded the Văn Lang tribal coalition, Quảng Bình belonged to the Việt Thường group. Under Lê Trung Hưng, this province was named Tiên Bình. The central and the south of Vietnam (from Ngang mount pass to Bình Thuận Province) was part of the Champa Kingdom.
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Representation of an ornamental hermit in Germany in the late 18th century Garden hermits or ornamental hermits were hermits encouraged to live in purpose-built hermitages, follies, grottoes, or rockeries on the estates of wealthy landowners, primarily during the 18th century. Such hermits would be encouraged to dress like druids and remain permanently on site, where they could be fed, cared for, and consulted for advice, or viewed for entertainment.
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In 422, Luoyang was captured by Northern Wei. Liu Song general Dao Yanzhi took the city back, but by 439 the Wei conquered the city definitively. In 493 AD, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei dynasty moved the capital from Datong to Luoyang and started the construction of the rock-cut Longmen Grottoes. More than 30,000 Buddhist statues from the time of this dynasty have been found in the caves.
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The Dean of the College of Cardinals, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, conducted the ceremony. John Paul II was interred in the grottoes under the basilica, the Tomb of the Popes. He was lowered into a tomb created in the same alcove previously occupied by the remains of Pope John XXIII. The alcove had been empty since John XXIII's remains had been moved into the main body of the basilica after his beatification.
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Archaeological excavation in this area proved that humans lived in what is now Quảng Bình province in the Stone Age. Many artifacts, such as ceramic vases, stone tools, and china, have been unearthed in Quảng Bình.Quảng Bình, Nuoc non huyen dieu, Van Nghe Publishing House, 2000, pp. 14-17. In 1926, French archaeologist Madeleine Colani discovered and excavated many artifacts in caves and grottoes in west mountainous areas of Quảng Bình.
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Most of the work was done on the western bank, while the eastern bank caves, of smaller numbers, served as residences for the large groups of monks. Within the approximately 1,400 caves, there are 100,000 statues, some of which are only high, while the largest Buddha statue is in height. There are also approximately 2500 stelae and 60 pagodas. The grottoes are located on both sides of the Yi River.
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The subject of these paintings are the grottoes near Naples. Wright went on a tour of Italy in the 1770s, where he spent a great deal of time in 1774 sketching and painting scenes around Salerno and Naples. Good details of these forages are available, as Wright's notebook is extant. For years afterward, he created paintings of Vesuvius and Virgil's Tomb, and crafted several variations on the cavern theme.
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Integrated rococo carving, stucco and fresco at Zwiefalten Abbey (1739–45) The word rococo was first used as a humorous variation of the word rocaille.Merriam-Webster Dictionary On-LineMonique Wagner, From Gaul to De Gaulle: An Outline of French Civilization. Peter Lang, 2005, p. 139. Rocaille was originally a method of decoration, using pebbles, seashells and cement, which was often used to decorate grottoes and fountains since the Renaissance.
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The church contains three grottoes belonging to the Crusader church. They were described by Jonas Korte, a publisher from Eldena, as "three chapels, with a small altar. They are called tabernacles, and they are said to represent the three huts which Peter desired to build, one for his Master (Jesus), the other two for Moses and Elias (Elijah)". The Grotto of Christ is in the eastern part of the church.
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Ramdevarabetta showing the cave entrances made for the film A Passage to India Another well- known hill is Ramadevarabetta. Along with Savandurga this was one of the shooting locations for David Lean's A Passage to India. Small door like grottoes was made in the rock to resemble caves.A Passage to India - locations Accessed December 2006 It was also in this region that the path-breaking Hindi movie, Sholay, was shot.
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The Buddhist Iranic Saka Kingdom of Khotan was the only city-state that was not conquered yet by the Turkic Uyghur (Buddhist) and the Turkic Qarakhanid (Muslim) states and its ruling family used Indian names and the population were devout Buddhists. The Buddhist entitites of Dunhuang and Khotan had a tight-knit partnership, with intermarriage between Dunhuang and Khotan's rulers and Dunhuang's Mogao grottos and Buddhist temples being funded and sponsored by the Khotan royals, whose likenesses were drawn in the Mogao grottoes. The rulers of Khotan were aware of the menace they faced since they arranged for the Mogao grottoes to paint a growing number of divine figures along with themselves. Halfway in the 20th century Khotan came under attack by the Qarakhanid ruler Musa, and in what proved to be a pivotal moment in the Turkification and Islamification of the Tarim Basin, the Karakhanid leader Yusuf Qadir Khan conquered Khotan around 1006.
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Domusnovas, Domusnoas or Domus Noas (new houses) in sardinian language, is a comune (municipality) in the Province of South Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about northwest of Cagliari and about northeast of Carbonia, in the Sulcis-Iglesiente region, in the valley of the Cixerri river. Domusnovas borders the following municipalities: Fluminimaggiore, Gonnosfanadiga, Iglesias, Musei, Villacidro, Villamassargia. The town is known for the Grottoes of San Giovanni, located some from the town.
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The walls are richly decorated with grotteschi and mythological figures such as Apollo, the three Graces, Diana of Ephesus, and Venus with Cupid. The vault had gilded stucco frames, with a Medusa in the center. Finally, a small stairwell painted with ivy leads to a dressing room, called the Venus Room. Little remains of the former Italian garden, visible through the windows of the hall of mirrors—only a few grottoes with niches.
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Cave 156, Late Tang Dynasty. The detail of Zhang Yichao army. During the late Tang dynasty, dancing and singing had become essential part of daily lives. As a result, people combined the actual narratives and dancing and singing scenes in the aspects of art. One of the wall paintings in cave 156 of the Mogao grottoes called “Zhang Yichan commanding the army to set out” can be traced back to the late Tang dynasty.
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Pope's Grotto, created by Alexander Pope, is almost all that survives of one of the first landscape gardens in England, at Twickenham.Frederick Bracher, "Pope's Grotto: The Maze of Fancy Pope's Grotto: The Maze of Fancy", The Huntington Library Quarterly 12.2 (February 1949), pp. 141–162; Anthony Beckles Willson, "Alexander Pope's Grotto in Twickenham", Garden History 26.1 (Summer, 1998), pp. 31–59 Pope was inspired after seeing grottoes in Italy during a visit there.
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Map of the West Lake in Hangzhou, China, with the location of Lingyin Temple Buddhist monks chanting at Lingyin Temple, Hangzhou, October 2010. Lingyin Temple () is a Buddhist temple of the Chan sect located north-west of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. The temple's name is commonly literally translated as Temple of the Soul's Retreat. It is one of the largest and wealthiest Buddhist temples in China, and contains numerous pagodas and Buddhist grottoes.
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The grotto is sometimes embellished with brickwork or stonework, and framed with flowerbeds or other ornamental flora. The inside of the tub is frequently painted a light blue color, particularly if the statue is of Mary because of her association with this color. Over time, distinguishing characteristics of these shrines can become blurred. Instances occur of shrines whose statue is missing and conversely of grottoes being removed, leaving a statue in place.
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The building at the entrance to Crystal Grottoes Most of the rooms abound in speleothem formations, generally stalactites, flowstone, and columns. They are typically white or buff, with one area (called Fairyland) tinted a light red, by iron oxides. The first room is below the entrance house and is oblate in shape, being long, wide, and high. At each end it is pinched out by mud flows and narrowing of the passage.
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The grotto was built by William H. Lightner, a self-trained architect, between 1929 and 1941. He utilized 12 tons of stone and 300 varieties of Italian mosaic glass that he acquired in his travels of more than . Popular in southern Europe, grottoes are natural or artificial caves that are places of spiritual reflection. In the United States, they are found primarily in the Midwest, and are mainly created by self-trained artists and builders.
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The zone is characterized by the presence of several grottoes and cavities excavated in the tuff. The biggest one is of regular shape, with a length of about . Two visit centres are meant to be located in the park: centre San Lazzaro along the Via Cassia at km 122, and centro Paese Vecchio near the ancient village. The Park is part of the Territorial Museum of Lake Bolsena, supported by Lazio Region and Viterbo Province.
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Daryl Keith Irvine (born November 15, 1964) from Grottoes, VirginiaHarrisonburg Daily News Record Newspaper Archives Tuesday, May 03, 2016 - Page 16 Retrieved 2018-04-29. is a former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox (1990–1992). He batted and threw right-handed. In a three-season career, Irvine posted a 4-5 record with 27 strikeouts and a 5.68 ERA in 63-1/3 innings pitched.
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The Middle River, a major tributary, joins the North River just west of the town of Grottoes, four miles above the juncture with the South River. Other towns along the river include Mount Solon, Stokesville, Sangersville, Natural Chimneys, Mount Crawford, and the village of North River. The river is popular among canoeists, rafters and inner tubers. At one point during the 19th century barges shipped goods upstream via a canal/lock system.
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Rosh HaNikra or Hanikra (, "Head of the Grotto"; , Ras an-Nakura) is a geologic formation on the border between Israel and Lebanon, located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, in the Western Galilee. It is a white chalk cliff face which opens up into spectacular grottos. The Rosh HaNikra grottoes are cavernous tunnels formed by sea action on the soft chalk rock. The total length of the tunnels is some 200 meters.
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The cliff-face and grottoes along the path, are entirely artificial, as they are built from waste material and coated in special cement called Pulhamite after its creator James Pulham. The path is now a listed structure. The Leas Cliff Hall was opened in 1927 as a replacement for a much smaller concert room called the 'Leas Shelter'. The opening by Prince Henry was broadcast live to the nation by the BBC.
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In 1868 the town (comune) of Cortino was administratively established and Valle San Giovanni came under the jurisdiction of Montorio al Vomano. In 1929 Valle San Giovanni separated from Montorio al Vomano and became a suburb (frazione) of Teramo. According to local sources and histories, during the Second World War the grottoes located immediately above Valle San Giovanni served as places of refuge for the Italian partisans then battling the German forces.
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A ferry crosses the Liujiaxia Reservoir from Yongjing County to Linxia County Linxia is blessed with both natural and cultural wonders. The Yellow River runs through the north of the prefecture, forming a larger reservoir at Yongjing's Liujiaxia Dam, and a smaller one at Yanguoxia Dam further downstream. Yongjing's Liujiaxia wharf (near Liujiaxia Dam) is also the starting point to trips to the Bingling Temple's ancient Buddhist cave grottoes.Bingling Temple Grottoes 2005-12-05, CRIENGLISH.
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They combined efforts in exploring and researching caves and grottoes in the area comprehensively. The first exploration was conducted in 1990 by a group from the British Cave Research Association and Faculty for Geology and Geography of Hanoi University, led by Howard Limbert. They completed research of a large part of Vom Cave. In 1992, the second exploration was conducted by a group of 12 British scientists, six professors from Hanoi University.
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A human skull fossil dating 50,000 years old was uncovered in the county. Other major archaeological digs include a number of Yangshao relics, dating back to the Neolithic Age. A number of preserved historic sites dot the county, such as stone carvings and grottoes from the Tang and Song Dynasties, ancient tombs from the Qin, Han, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, as well as a number of sites relevant to the Chinese Civil War.
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The Bingling Temple () is a series of grottoes filled with Buddhist sculpture carved into natural caves and caverns in a canyon along the Yellow River. It lies just north of where the Yellow River empties into the Liujiaxia Reservoir. Administratively, the site is in Yongjing County of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu province, some southeast of Lanzhou. Smaller relief images The caves were a work in progress for more than a millennium.
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Kovtun O.O. (2011) "Rare sightings and video-recording of the grey seal, Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791), in coastal grottoes of the eastern Crimea (Black Sea)". , 10(4):22. (in Russian) Many seals in captivity are taught tricks such as clapping for human entertainment. While it was recently discovered that they clap in the wild as a means of communication, it can leave questions as to how this affects their overall communication as well.
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Grottoes filled with precious murals and sculptures are concentrated along the ancient Silk Road in Gansu. The best known are the Mogao Caves, a "treasure house of oriental art", with 492 caves with murals and statues on the cliff faces. There are 45,000 sq m of murals and over 2,100 colorful statues, all of high artistry. In the south, grotto art is represented in Sichuan by the Leshan Giant Buddha, carved into a cliff face.
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The church offered protection, criticized the brutal behavior of the occupiers, and was a means of peaceful protest. The veneration of the Virgin Mary, especially in small towns, is particularly marked by numerous religious ceremonies in churches and grottoes. Nevertheless, the Christian rites still bear traces of the animistic, traditional religion. Components of the ancient religion are ancestral cult, reliquary worship and the concept of sacred (Kemak language: luli, Tetum language: lulik) places.
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The Karadag Reserve is located in on the southeast coast of the Crimean Peninsula, in the Black Sea, on the eastern tip of the Crimean Mountains. The site is built on the Kara Dag Mountain, a volcanic massif that formed in the Jurassic. The southern shores of the mountains slope down to the sea, creating an 8 km shoreline of bays, beaches, and grottoes. 809 hectares of the site covers off-shore marine areas.
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In 2005, Akim Monet was invited by the University of Maine New Media Program to be their "artist in residence". They commissioned him to make a multimedia "video installation", 'Caves a meditation' Caves a meditation with the students there. The artist chose to make a film based on a photographic series he shot the previous year "The Caves". These are a group of photographs taken in one of the most beautiful ancient grottoes in Europe.
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Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park was declared a national park in 2001. It covers a core area of and a buffer zone of in Quảng Bình Province as it has the world's two largest karst regions with 300 caves and grottoes. It also protects the ecosystem of limestone forest of the Annamite Range region in north central coast of Vietnam. It is also an UNESCO World Heritage Site, inscribed in 2003.
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Algar Seco, a few hundred meters along the coast east of the main square and beach, is a popular nature site where ocean wave erosion has carved out grottoes, islets and water-spouts. It is also renowned in the vicinity for prime marine life spotting. In 2011, a blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) was sighted off the coastline by local fishermen, but more commonly, bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) are seen in pods of up to 12.
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Kingdom of Khotan 1000 CE. Iranian Saka peoples originally inhabited Yarkand and Kashgar in ancient times. They formed the Buddhist Kingdom of Khotan (56–1006). Its ruling family used Indian names and the population were devout Buddhists. The Buddhist entitles of Dunhuang and Khotan had a tight-knit partnership, with intermarriage between Dunhuang and Khotan's rulers and Dunhuang's Mogao grottos and Buddhist temple funded and sponsored by the Khotan royals, depicted in the Mogao grottoes.
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The baby had some problems walking and almost died before it was moved to the University of Minnesota for special treatment. Now, the baby giraffe has returned to the zoo and is on exhibit with its parents. Also, the building of the new Polar Bear Odyssey started removing the old bear grottoes to make a polar bear exhibit seven times larger than the original. The opening of the Polar Bear Odyssey marked the start of the 2010s decade.
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Folly Fellowship members include architects, people who live in follies, people who build follies and other interested persons. The Folly Fellowship has recorded around 1,800 follies and grottoes. It maintains a substantial library of books and papers, a slide collection, and a collection of measured surveys of many follies. They believe that it is difficult to draw a line between architectural extravagance and "true folly", and that a builder does not intend to craft a folly.
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In the middle Tang dynasty, the dancing and singing scenes became vital aspects that can be drawn in the main places. Take wall paintings for example, “Playing the pipa behind the head” was discovered in cave 112 of Mogao grottoes. Pipa in the Tang Dynasty was not only an instrument but also an accessory for dancing.Tung 1992 The figure in this wall painting was leaning forward and raising her legs with the pipa playing behind her back.
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Quảng Bình Citadel Gate, a citadel built during Nguyễn dynasty in Đồng Hới. US bombardment during Vietnam War in Đồng Hới. Archaeological excavation in this area proved that human living in what is now Quảng Bình province in Stone Age period. Many artifacts such as ceramic vases, stone tools, china was unearthed in Quảng Bình. In 1926, a French archaeologist, Madeleine Colani, discovered and excavated many artifacts in caves and grottoes in west mountainous areas of Quảng Bình.
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The Princess of Wales Chapter of the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire raised the $6,000 needed for the monument.Kitchener Public Library Trivia Page Victoria Park Another significant beauty spot in the city is Rockway Gardens. Adjacent to the Rockway golf course, the gardens occupy a long narrow strip of land alongside King Street as it rushes down to meet the Conestoga Parkway and become Highway 8. Here there are many fountains, ponds, waterfalls and rock grottoes.
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Pegasus fountain at Villa Lante The Fountain of the Four Moors with the villa in the background. Photo by Paolo Monti, 1965. The gardens of the Villa Lante feature cascades, fountains and dripping grottoes. The visual and harmonious choreography of water and the mechanical perfection of its flow was only achieved after Tommaso Ghinucci, a hydraulics engineer and architect from Siena, was called in; it is thought that his role was to oversee the hydraulics and building work.
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The frazione of Monticchiello is home to a characteristic Romitorio, a series of grottoes carved in the rock by hermit monks. In the same locality is the pieve of Santi Leonardo e Cristoforo, rebuilt in the 13th century in Gothic style. The interior has frescoes from a 14th-century Sienese painter, a cyborium in the shape of a small Gothic portal and an alte 15th-century Crucifix. At San Pietro in Campo are the remains of the eponymous abbey.
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In 1831, a wealthy lawyer named James Harmer purchased the land, and in 1833 built his Elizabethan-style mansion, which he called Ingress Abbey, on the banks of the Thames. He provided his architect, Charles Moreing, with £120,000 for the construction of follies, grottoes, and hermit's caves. Some of the stone from the Old London Bridge was used in building Ingress Abbey.British Listed Buildings The poet Eliza Cook lived and wrote some of her works at Ingress Abbey.
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In 1904, Beckett bought a ruined farmhouse outside Ravello, on the Amalfi Coast in southern Italy. He transformed it into a fortified palace with towers, battlements and a mixture of Arabic, Venetian and Gothic details, and called it Villa Cimbrone. Between the house and the cliff edge he built a garden, high above the Gulf of Salerno. The garden is an eccentric mixture of formal, English rose beds, Moorish tea houses, picturesque grottoes and classical temples.
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Since the 1950s, cracks in the sandstone have been sealed by grouting, and forestation has been implemented in an effort to reduce the weathering due to sandstorms.report of the UNESCO advisory board During April and May 1991, Caltech personnel conducted air pollutant measurement experiments in the Yungang Grottoes. It was found that nearly all of the airborne matter was mineral dust or carbon particles, allowing a focus of attention on sources of these kinds of matter.
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Crimora is located roughly 5 miles north of Waynesboro, Virginia on U.S. Route 340, known as Eastside Highway. It is a U.S primary and has locally been called "The Bloody Highway" because of the above average crash statistics for Augusta county. Route 340 was widened to a 5-lane unlimited access highway in 2002 in Crimora's village center but it is only 0.6 miles in length. VDOT plans to eventually widen North 340 from Waynesboro to Grottoes, VA.
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The Water Banquet (Chinese: , shǔixí) is a Chinese set of dishes comprising eight cold and 16 warm dishes cooked in various broths, gravies, and juices. It is considered one of the "Three Wonders of Luoyang"--a former Chinese capital located in Henan--along with the peony and the Longmen Grottoes. It has a history going back more than 1,000 years and the residents of Luoyang often use the Water Banquet to treat important guests or for important celebrations.
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St. Jude's Chapel above the Wonder Cave at the Rudolph Grotto Gardens The Rudolph Grotto Gardens is a religious site in Rudolph, Wisconsin. It features ornamental and devotional artificial grottoes, including the Wonder Cave, an above-ground tunnel constructed of vernacular stone in the twentieth century by Father Philip Wagner and Edmund Rybicki. The site contains twenty-six shrines and is covered with gardens and paths.Wonder Cave The Father Wagner Memorial Museum is also on the site.
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The main feature there was a great fountain, from which water was channeled and conducted in siphon tubes to the reservoir in the vaulted area that supported the terrace. From there, through a series of secondary tubes, the water had sufficient head to operate grotto fountains and animate the elaborate automata that were a prized feature of Francini jeux d'eau. The upper grottoes on the third terrace opened from a Doric gallery and featured a dragon, a water organ and Neptune; on the next level, the Grotto of Hercules was flanked by two further grottoes; that on one side was devoted to Perseus and Andromeda, in which the delicately counterbalanced hero was made to descend from the ceiling by the hidden weight of water and slay a dragon that arose from the basin, and on the other a Grotto of Orpheus. The only trace of these features, whose high maintenance requirements cut their careers short when the court moved permanently to Fontainebleau, are in some engravings by Abraham Bosse, apparently derived from Francini drawings.
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The island is famed for its Blue Grottoes, which were created by the Etruscans. Among them are Serpents Grotto and the Roman Gallery, a Roman tunnel that connects the town of Ponza to the (now closed) large sandy beach called Chiaia di Luna on the west side. The island has many archeological ruins visible everywhere, including Greek, and Phoenician necropoli ruins in the middle of the island. There are Etruscan ruins on parts of the island jumbled with Roman ruins.
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The worship of Pan began in Arcadia which was always the principal seat of his worship. Arcadia was a district of mountain people, culturally separated from other Greeks. Arcadian hunters used to scourge the statue of the god if they had been disappointed in the chase.Theocritus. vii. 107 Being a rustic god, Pan was not worshipped in temples or other built edifices, but in natural settings, usually caves or grottoes such as the one on the north slope of the Acropolis of Athens.
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Jewish Virtual Library, Rosh Hanikra Israel Rosh Hanikra Grotto and Cable Car Brochure 1970s With a 60-degree gradient, this cable car is advertised as the steepest in the world. A kibbutz, also named Rosh HaNikra, is located nearby. The Israeli city Nahariya is located about 10 km (6 miles) south of Rosh HaNikra. Recognition of the potential offered by the unusual Rosh Hanikra grottoes led to the development of this beautiful site as a tourist attraction for Northern Israel.
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Mary Shelley painted by Richard Rothwell (1839–40) Mary Shelley wrote "Maurice" for Laurette Tighe on 10 August 1820.Tomalin, "Introduction", 1, 37. Shelley's journal for that day notes: "Thursday 10—Write a story for Laurette—Walk on the mountain—Le Buche delle Fate [fairy grottoes or caves]—The weather is warm & delightful".Mary Shelley, The Journals of Mary Shelley, 1814–44, Eds. Paula R. Feldman and Diana Scott-Kilvert, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press (1995), note 3, p. 328.
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MD 34 crosses Little Antietam Creek, crosses an abandoned Baltimore and Ohio Railroad grade, and passes the Doub Farm and Baker Farm before receiving the other end of MD 845, Keedy Drive. The state highway passes through a forested area before passing Crystal Grottoes. MD 34 continues east through farmland before entering the town of Boonsboro and crossing Beaver Creek. The state highway heads east through the town as Potomac Street before reaching its eastern terminus at US 40 Alternate (Main Street).
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Frabosa Soprana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about south of Turin and about southeast of Cuneo. Frabosa Soprana borders the following municipalities: Frabosa Sottana, Magliano Alpi, Monastero di Vasco, Montaldo di Mondovì, Ormea, and Roburent. The economy is based on winter tourism: it is connected through a chair lift to the Prato Nevoso ski resort. Sights include the Caves of Bossea, a 2 km length karstic grottoes discovered in the 19th century.
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Thus at the head of the Church were the two bishops – Della Chiesa (now Pope Benedict XV) and Gasparri – who had been leapfrogged by Merry del Val on the eve of the conclave in 1903. However, Benedict XV appointed Merry del Val as secretary of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office on 14 October 1914. Cardinal Merry del Val's tomb in the Vatican grottoes, Saint Peter's Basilica. After being Secretary of State, the Congregation was considered an important though lesser assignment.
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Nombre de Dios Grottoes () is a geological underground formation in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. The main entrance of the cavern is located in the middle of the Cerro del Caballo of the Sierra de Nombre de Dios, approximately ) from the Sacramento River, northeast of the state capital Chihuahua City. This elaborate cave system came to official attention during the sixteenth century. The location might have previously been used for ceremonial purposes by Apache, Comanche and others of the many local indigenous people.
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Innocent XIII asked for the last rites, made his profession of faith, and died on 7 March 1724, at the age of 68. His pontificate was unremarkable, given that he was hampered by physical suffering. He was interred in the grottoes at Saint Peter's Basilica. In 2005 upon the occasion of the 350 years since the birth of the late pontiff, the citizens in the late pope's village of birth asked the Holy See to introduce the cause of beatification for Innocent XIII.
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Bingling Temple, or Bingling Grottoes, is a Buddhist cave complex in a canyon along the Yellow River. Begun in 420 AD during the Jin dynasty, the site contains dozens of caves and caverns filled with outstanding examples of carvings, sculpture, and frescoes. The great Maitreya Buddha is more than 27 meters tall and is similar in style to the great Buddhas that once lined the cliffs of Bamiyan, Afghanistan. Access to the site is by boat from Yongjing in the summer or fall.
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An old legend says the Tuareg once lived in grottoes, akazam, and they lived in foliage beds on the top acacia trees, tasagesaget. Other kinds of traditional housing include: ahaket (Tuareg goatskin red tent), tafala (a shade made of millet sticks), akarban also called takabart (temporary hut for winter), ategham (summer hut), taghazamt (adobe house for long stay), and ahaket (a dome-shaped house made of mats for the dry season and square shaped roof with holes to prevent hot air).
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Because of bombing of the tracks in Greece and alarms, the journey to Istanbul by train took one week. In Istanbul, the group met in a hotel, and continued the journey by train to the Syrian city of Aleppo to Beirut. In Rosh Hanikra grottoes they reached the Palestinian border. After a stay in a detention camp of the British military, they were distributed to various settlements in the country, mostly kibbutzim, or they moved to relatives already living in the country.
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A sitting bodhisattva statue originally from Tianlongshan Grottoes, currently in Museum Rietberg, Zürich In 386, Tuoba Gui founded Northern Wei. In 396, Northern Wei expanded to Taiyuan. In 543, Eastern Wei was founded by Gao Huan, with the capital at the city of Ye, and Taiyuan as the alternative capital (), where the Mansion of the "Great Chancellor" Gao Huan () was located. In 550, Northern Qi was founded by Gao Yang, who maintained his father Gao Huan's choice of Taiyuan as the alternative capital.
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The perspective of Chinese mythological geography tends to focus on the locus of those possessing the myths, as a "center" or "middle" area, based on land, with Sky above, Underworld below, and replete with mountains, seas, islands, and grottoes. Mythological locations tend to be replete with local inhabitants, of a mythological variety. Although Chinese mythological geography tends to focus on humans existing on a middle land territory of earth, a major motif is change, such as in the flood mythology of China.
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During the rainy season, from July to October, rainbows are created with sun rays reflecting on mist from the waterfall. A small Hindu shrine dedicated to the god Shiva and several naturally created grottoes named "Parvati caves" (named after Shiva's wife Parvati) are located on the left bank of the Chitrakote Falls. The river flows sluggishly on the upstream side of the falls due to its meandering nature as it drains through the plains of Jagdalpur. This reach of the river valley has very little forest cover.
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It is a difficult skill in Chinese dancing history that can be seen as a precious material for researchers. In cave 15 and cave 25 in the Yulin grottoes, there are two wall paintings that present enjoyable dancing and music scenes from the middle Tang dynasty. The former one called “Vadya devata” shows a vadya playing a traditional instrument with pretty clothing. Moreover, her clothes seem to be blowing in the wind through analysing the detail of her scarf. The later one is “Dancing and music scenes”.
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Numerous Buddhist grottoes and temples in the area attest to its role as a path for bringing Buddhism from India and Afghanistan to China. During the Three Kingdoms period (184-280), Liangzhou was governed by Qiang leader Ma Teng. After the death of Ma Teng, Ma Chao assumed the post and governed the province for a short time before it fell into the hands of Cao Cao, ruler of Wei Kingdom. Liangzhou was briefly (from 400 to 421) a state during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
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1756, spans the estate's northern entrance road. This house was inherited in 1770 by Beckford's son, William Thomas Beckford, who extended the lake and built grottoes on the lakeside. In the 1790s Beckford began to build Fonthill Abbey, on high ground a mile to the southwest, and he had parts of the house demolished to provide building material. The west portion of the house survived, becoming known as The Pavilion, and was bought around 1829 by James Morrison, the millionaire draper and railway investor.
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The western side contains the oldest formations from the Cambrian, consisting in sedimentary depots of marine origin, later subject to metamorphic phenomena. Here Karst topography is also present (Is Zuddas Grottoes). Most of the sedimentary formations from the Carboniferous to the Permian underwent to metamorphic processes in the Variscan Orogney, and to the intrusion of granitic marbles. The post-Variscan erosion and the tectonic lifts of the Cenozoic caused the appearance of magmatic (leucogranites) and metamorphic (schists) intrusions which made the eastern sector more heterogeneous.
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U.S. Route 340 (US 340) is a spur route of US 40, and runs from Greenville, Virginia to Frederick, Maryland. In Virginia, it runs north-south, parallel and east of US 11, from US 11 north of Greenville via Waynesboro, Grottoes, Elkton, Luray, Front Royal, and Berryville to the West Virginia state line. A short separate piece crosses northern Loudoun County on its way from West Virginia to Maryland. In West Virginia, it runs north–south in Jefferson County, between Clarke County, Virginia and Loudoun County, Virginia.
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Canosa sits on the right bank of the Ofanto river (the ancient ') and is nearly from the Adriatic Sea. The town sits upon the Murgia plateau, between above sea level. The city is built on a mostly sandy or clay surface that covers a limestone layer ("calcareniti of Gravina") which in turn constitutes the typical white- yellowish tuff and is easily collapsible. This morphological feature allowed the underground construction of artificial grottoes (used in the 19th century as cellars), and the creation of a Hypogean.
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The Satanic Bible included excerpts from Ragnar Redbeard's Might Is Right and concluded with "Satanized" versions of John Dee's Enochian Keys. Admitting his use of Might is Right, LaVey stated that he did so in order to "immortalize a writer who had profoundly reached me". In 1972, the public work at LaVey's Black House in San Francisco was curtailed and work was continued via sanctioned regional "grottoes". In early 1975 LaVey announced that higher degrees of initiation could be given in return for a financial contribution.
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Dunhuang Railway Station () is 4.5 kilometers from the downtown area of Dunhuang, between the existing national highway and the Dunhuang Railway Line on the north side. It faces the road leading to Mogao Grottoes in the south. The station is under the jurisdiction of China Railway's Lanzhou Bureau Group. The station was built in 2006 and designed to reflect the architecture of desert caravanserai - the towers, the inclined walls and large roofs of the city walls as well as its Han and Tang Dynasty frescoes.
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Tomb of John Paul I in the Vatican Grottoes On 29 September 1978, 33 days into his papacy, John Paul I was found dead in his bed with reading material and a bedside lamp still lit. He had probably suffered a heart attack the night before. John Paul I's funeral was held in Saint Peter's Square on 4 October 1978, celebrated by Cardinal Carlo Confalonieri. In his eulogy of the late pope, he described him as a flashing comet who briefly lit up the church.
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Tomb of John Paul I in the Vatican Grottoes Pope John Paul I died suddenly in September 1978, 33 days after his election. Following contradictory reports about the circumstances of his death and apparent anomalies about the issuing of the death certificate and other procedures, several conspiracy theories have gained currency. Many of these concern the serious corruption in the Vatican Bank (Istituto per le Opere Religiose), possibly linked to Freemasonry, which is forbidden by church law. None of the claims has been substantiated.
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Fonthill Grottoes is a 0.69 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest, in woodland adjacent to Fonthill Lake in Wiltshire, notified in 1994. Its SSSI designation is due to its roosting bats: the site is the sixth largest hibernaculum in Britain. The site consists of three subterranean Grotto follies, constructed in the 18th century, split between two areas, one on the western side of the lake, at and one on the eastern side at . The three follies are named "The Dark Walks", "The Hermitage" and "The Quarry".
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Chilmark Quarries () is a 9.65 hectare biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), in the ravine south of the village of Chilmark in Wiltshire, England. The SSSI was first notified in 1977. Its importance as a home for bats led to the site being designated in 2005 (together with Fonthill Grottoes) as a European Special Area of Conservation. The western section of the site is in Chilmark civil parish, while the eastern section (separated by a minor road) is in Teffont parish.
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Below the driveway on the eastern side the land dropped away and contained caves and grottoes. By 1900 St. Vincent Welch had had an observatory built in the grounds, the telescope of which was brought out from England in 1860 to observe the transit of Venus. Below the gardens on the southern side of the house, stone walls and paths meandered through the bushland. The steps that led down to the lower garden, tennis court and swimming pool were referred to as Tarpeian Way.
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Below the driveway on the eastern side the land dropped away and contained caves and grottoes. By 1900 St. Vincent Welch had had an observatory built in the grounds, the telescope of which was brought out from England in 1860 to observe the transit of Venus. Below the gardens on the southern side of the house, stone walls and paths meandered through the bushland. The steps that led down to the lower garden, tennis court and swimming pool were referred to as Tarpeian Way.
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Quinta da Regaleira is a quinta located near the historic centre of Sintra, Portugal. It is classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO within the "Cultural Landscape of Sintra". Along with the other palaces in the area such as the Quinta do Relógio, Pena, Monserrate and Seteais palaces, it is considered one of the principal tourist attractions of Sintra. The property consists of a Romantic palace and chapel, and a luxurious park that features lakes, grottoes, wells, benches, fountains, and a vast array of exquisite constructions.
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The former link to Lebanon through railway tunnels at Rosh HaNikra grottoes The northern part of the coastal line from Acre (Akko) to Remez Junction (located south of today's Caesarea-Pardes Hanna Railway Station) was built by the British during the 1920s and operated by Palestine Railways. In 1941–42 engineers of the South African Army and New Zealand Army extended the line north to Beirut and Tripoli, Lebanon through railway tunnels at Rosh HaNikra grottoes. Following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War the tunnel linking the line to Lebanon was blocked. The section south from Remez junction including its then-terminus, the Tel Aviv Central Railway Station, were built by Israel Railways in the beginning of the 1950s and the new line opened in May 1953 with Tel Aviv Central opening in November 1954. This new railroad then became the main north-south rail link between northern and central Israel, supplementing the older, more easterly/inland section which connected Remez junction and the nearby Hadera East Railway Station to the Lod Railway Station in central Israel that was constructed during the Ottoman period (and known today as the Eastern railway line, which has been partially abandoned since 1969).
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The park is in the marquis' own image, showing his admiration for navigation and discovery (not only the rostral column, but also the cenotaph in honour of the Englishman Captain Cook, are the most obvious indicators of this), his love of nature and beautiful plants (linked to exploration in this era of botany and classification - the park is stuffed with rare imported species, acclimatised to their new habitat by the rich soil of the Méréville valley), and his memory of his youth in the Basque and the mountainous Pyrénées (a rocky waterfall, spiral staircases down into grottoes, and dénivellés). It also shows off his riches, with bridges "aux boules d'or" (with gold spheres), grottoes adorned with thousands of pieces of gold leaf or precious and semi-precious stones, and above all a pebble-paved road which gives the park such a great cachet. The construction took ten years and nearly 700 workers, of which a large majority were specialist craftsmen. Robert transformed into a landscape of open meadow and belts of trees contained within a wide bowl, which became dotted with eye-catching features with a few years.
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Detail of the Shell Grotto, Nienoord, Netherlands, in a rectangular wooden pavilion, c. 1700. Part of the Shell Grotto in Margate A shell grotto is a type of folly, a grotto decorated with sea shells. The shell grotto was a popular feature of British country house in the 17th and 18th centuries. It suited the Baroque and Rococo styles (which used swirling motifs similar to sea shells)Hazelle Jackson, Shell Houses and Grottoes ( 2001) (abstract) and often represented the mimicry of architectural features from the Italian Renaissance (themselves copies from Classical times).
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The 4 poshest garden grottoes Tatler 27 July 2015; retrieved 30 July 2018 The Grotto at Margate has 2000 square feet of mosaic, using some 4.6 million shells. By the end of the 18th century, fashion had moved on to more naturalistic cave-like structures, like the weathered rock and crystal "Crystal Grotto" at Painshill in Surrey, before falling out of favour altogether. Many were demolished or have fallen into disrepair, but some 200 grottos of all types are known to have survived in some form in the UK.
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The Yungang Grottoes. Datong is the northernmost city of Shanxi, and is located in the Datong Basin, with an administrative area spanning latitude 39° 03'–40° 44' N and longitude 112° 34'–114° 33' E. The urban area is surrounded on three sides by mountains, with passes only to the east and southwest. Within the prefecture-level city elevations generally increase from southeast to northwest. Datong borders Ulanqab (Inner Mongolia) to the northwest and Zhangjiakou (Hebei) to the east, Shuozhou (Shanxi) to the southwest and Xinzhou (Shanxi) to the south.
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341 Abbas rebuilt the site three years later as an Abbasid military colony in preparation for Caliph al-Ma'mun's planned conquest of Byzantium, but after Ma'mun's sudden death in August 833 the campaign was abandoned by his successor al-Mu'tasim and the half-rebuilt city was razed again.Treadgold (1988), pp. 279–281 The city fell into decline after 933, as the Arab threat receded. The ruins of Tyana are at modern Kemerhisar, three miles south of Niğde; there are remains of a Roman aqueduct and of cave cemeteries and sepulchral grottoes.
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The Elah Valley runs in a westerly- easterly direction on its north side, the hilltop affording a good view of the valley below. On the elevated plateau, one can see the foundations of ancient dwellings carved into the bedrock with individual chambers divided by broken stone protuberances. Caves and grottoes dot the landscape, and cisterns are carved deep into the rock. Oak trees, fig trees, and terebinths grow on the mountainside and piles of large ashlar boulders, covered with lichen, attest to the presence of a defensive wall around the city in antiquity.
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The rulers of Khotan were aware of the menace they faced since they arranged for the Mogao grottoes to paint a growing number of divine figures along with themselves. By the time the Turkic Uyghur (Buddhist) and the Turkic Kara-Khanid (Muslim) invaded, Khotan was the only state in the area that had not come under Turkic rule. It was during the Karakhanid reign that Buddhism lost territory to Islam in the Kashgar area. A long war ensued between Islamic Kashgar and Buddhist Khotan which eventually ended in the conquest of Khotan by Kashgar.
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The Tianlongshan Grottoes exist today in a damaged state in Taiyuan with so many of the sculptures now missing, that visitors to the caves cannot imagine how they looked in the past. Many of the sculptures from the caves are now in museums around the world. Researchers at the University of Chicago initiated the Tianlongshan Caves Project in 2013 to pursue research and digital imaging of the caves and their sculptures. The Project seeks to record and archive the sculptures and to compile data that can identify the fragments and their places of origin.
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It is said that the workers could get a measure of rice for each measure of stone, poor payment for such hard and dangerous work. Datiange (Mansion of Heaven) is a stone chamber carved out of the cliffs and is regarded as the finest of the Longmen Grottoes. The relief carving on the walls, the gods, the sacrificial table and the candlesticks are all sculpted following the original shape of the rocks. The Kuixing (God of literature and exams) in the center has one foot on a huge turtle.
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Mark J. Dresden, The Jatakastava or 'Praise of the Buddha's Former Births' Philadelphia, 1955賢愚經 The rulers of Khotan were aware of the menace they faced since they arranged for the Mogao grottoes to paint a growing number of divine figures along with themselves. Halfway in the 10th century Khotan came under attack by the Qarakhanid ruler Musa, and in what proved to be a pivotal moment in the Turkification and Islamification of the Tarim Basin, the Karakhanid leader Yusuf Qadir Khan conquered Khotan around 1006.
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An investor, Jeter Clinton, worked to transform the port into a recreation area, known as "Clinton Beach". In 1871 he had constructed a temporary building, Lake House, that provided showers and refreshments for tourists. In the fall Clinton replaced the structure with a hotel. However, few people took advantage of the facilities,Advertisements in Salt Lake City newspapers read "spend a whole day on the south shore, to visit the caves and grottoes near Lake Point, enjoy surf bathing, and hunting...." and in 1872 the steamboat service was halted.
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The continuation of the passage contains many boulders and a deep pool, followed by 250 m of difficult passage which ends in a submerged section, through which cavers have to duck. A short distance beyond this there is a 53-metre shaft, which is the longest-known pitch of any Irish cave. The cave joins up with the Reyfad system just north of the main chamber. Just before this are chambers known as the 'Grottoes', which contain fine examples of calcite features including stalactites, helictites and cave curtains.
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It was connected by a tunnel to the adjacent artificial Pavey's Cave in 1987. The cave consists of seven small grottoes, joined by low archways. One section of the cave is known as the Home of the Rainbow, where traces of minerals have been brought in from the surface, and have given the stalagmites a wide range of colour, from nearly black, green, and orange to pure white. The famous French speleologist, Édouard-Alfred Martel, visited this cave and declared that "out of 600 caves, Cox's was admired the most".
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Daozang (; Wade-Giles: Tao Tsang), meaning "Taoist Canon", consists of around 1,400 texts that were collected c. 400 (after the Dao De Jing and Zhuang Zi which are the core Taoist texts). They were collected by Taoist monks of the period in an attempt to bring together all of the teachings of Taoism, including all the commentaries and expositions of the various masters from the original teachings found in the Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi. It was split into Three Grottoes, which mirrors the Buddhist Tripitaka (three baskets) division.
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Between 1798 and 1819, the estate was the scene of vast extravagance and wild entertainments, all at the Marquis' expense. Splendid gardens were laid out, complete with the rarest of plants. In 1819, George Spencer, by now the Duke of Marlborough, became bankrupt and moved to his family home at Blenheim Palace at Woodstock in Oxfordshire. The gardens of the Whiteknights estate have been described in a book by Barbara Hofland with engraved pictures of the gardens and its multitude of bridges, fountains, seats and grottoes by her husband Thomas Christopher Hofland.
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Ferme ornee were an expression in landscape gardening of the Romantic Movement of 18th-century Europe, i.e. a working farm, domestic animals, natural landscape joined with follies and grottoes, statuary and classical texts combined with avenued walks, flowing water, lakes, areas of light and shade, special plantings and inspirational views. The house itself is decorated with a porch supported upon Corinthian pillars, and surmounted by a facade bearing sculptured urns at its three angles. The tympanum is filled in with a heraldic shield and scroll-work in high relief (Millar 1885).
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Tuby was born Giambattista Tubi in Rome in 1635, and first trained as a sculptor in Italy, before coming to France sometime after 1660. He was first engaged by the Gobelins Manufactory, headed by Charles Le Brun, the chief artist for the King. In 1664–65, he was employed making sculptures for the grottoes and terraces of the Chateau of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.BnF, Manuscrits, Mélanges Colbert 311, f. 160-183v 7 septembre 1664. A Baptiste, sculpteur, à compte des ouvrages qu’il fait à la façade des terrasses de Saint Germain : 200 l.
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Crystal Grottoes is an example of a solutional cave, formed in a karst environment within a synclinal occurrence of Tomstown Dolomite. The cave is essentially horizontal throughout its extent and the passages are typically high and narrow. A great deal of brown and red clay fills most of the cave to a considerable extent; the commercial tour routes involved the removal of up to of this clay in of the passages. Sediment fills many of the undeveloped passages to within a foot or two of the ceiling, thereby making many crawlways.
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Inside this grotto there is a lake with the area of 750 m². The grottoes are "adorned" with columns of stalagmites and icicles of stalactites up to two meters in height. Over millennia, limestone bearing water has created an infinite variety of forms in the cave, like snowflakes which change in size during the year and reach the size of a maple leaf during late winter. The cave is filled with water from the Sylva River twice a year, in spring and in fall, when it is not accessible to tourists.
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" Warner himself viewed his work as a heroic act of preserving art from destruction. He defended taking fragments from the Longmen Grottoes, saying "if we are ever criticized for buying those chips, the love and labor and the dollars we spent on assembling them should silence all criticism. That in itself is more service to the cause of China bigger than anyone else in this country has even made. It is worth noting though, most of the destruction was done to fill orders placed by western collectors using images provide by the buyers.
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As part of the persecution, Foguang temple was burned to the ground, with only the Zushi pagoda surviving from the temple's early history. Twelve years later in 857 the temple was rebuilt, with the Great East Hall being built on the former site of a three storey pavilion. A woman named Ning Gongyu provided most of the funds needed to construct the hall, and its construction was led by a monk named Yuancheng. In the 10th century, a depiction of Foguang Temple was painted in cave 61 of the Mogao Grottoes.
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Fan Jinshi (; born July 1938) is a Chinese archaeologist and heritage specialist who served as director of the Dunhuang Research Academy between 1998 and 2014. She spends most of her life in Mogao Caves, Dunhuang, currently working as an honorary president and professional researcher in Dunhuang Research Academy, as well as a part-time professor and a doctoral supervisor in Lanzhou University. Fan began working in Dunhuang in 1963, at the age of 25. She has been venerated as "Daughter of Dunhuang" for her over 50 years of devotion to studying and preserving Dunhuang Grottoes.
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The biggest chamber of Sơn Đoòng is more than five (5) kilometers in length, 200 meters high and 150 meters wide. With these dimensions, Sơn Đoòng overtakes Deer Cave in Malaysia to take the title of the world's largest cave. At the same time they found new caves and grottoes in the park and adjacent area.Britons claim to find world's largest cave, Daily Telegraph, 1 May 2009 In this survey, the cave British explorers discovered 20 new caves with total length of 56 km, including world's largest cave, Sơn Đoòng.
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They had caused trouble in Xinjiang, but were defeated when they tried to attack Qitai. The Governor of Xinjiang, Yang Zengxin, arranged for them to be transported to Dunhuang at the Mogao Grottoes, after talks with Governor Lu Hongtao of Gansu. The bandits wrote profanities on Buddhist statues, destroyed or damaged paintings, gouging out eyes and amputating the limbs of the statues, in addition to committing arson. This damage can still be seen to this day. In 1931, the Kumul Rebellion broke out in Xinjiang, and the Province Army was defeated by Ma Zhongying's troops.
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First page of Old Tibetan Chronicle The Old Tibetan Chronicle is a collection of narrative accounts and songs relating to Tibet's Yarlung dynasty and the Tibetan Empire. The three manuscripts that comprise the only extant copies of the Chronicle are among the Dunhuang Manuscripts found in the early 20th century in the so-called "hidden library" at the Mogao Grottoes near Dunhuang, which is believed to have been sealed in the 11th century CE. The Chronicle, together with the Old Tibetan Annals comprise Tibet's earliest extant history.Dotson (2009), p.9.
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In this period, anatomically modern humans lived by cultivating cereals and animal husbandry (Bovinae and Caprinae). Chalcolithic sites include the grottoes of Latronico and the funerary findings of the Cervaro grotto near Lagonegro. The first known stable market center of the Apennine culture on the sea, consisting of huts on the promontory of , near to Maratea, dates to the Bronze Age. The first indigenous Iron Age communities lived in large villages in plateaus located at the borders of the plains and the rivers, in places fitting their breeding and agricultural activities.
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The valley has forested hills and meadows, with temperatures ranging between in winter and in summer. It is known for its secret grottoes and caves, colourful orchids, plum and peach trees, persimmon orchards, medicinal plants and many more. The town of Đồng Văn is famous for its Phó Bảng Street which features multistoried buildings built with clay bricks and tiled roofs. The weekly market is where the Tày and H'Mông ethnic groups of the province visit in large numbers to trade in various types of goods and colourful hand woven cloth.
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Finance and commerce are largely concentrated in urban centers such as Zhengzhou and Luoyang, where the economy is fueled by a large and relatively affluent consumer base. In order to make the economy more knowledge- and technology-based, the government established a number of development zones in all of the major cities, promoting industries such as software, information technologies, new materials, bio-pharmaceutical and photo-machinery-electronics. Henan is a major destination for tourists, with places such as Shaolin Temple and Longmen Grottoes attracting millions of tourists each year.
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The Fengxian cave (c. 675) of the Longmen Grottoes, commissioned by Wu Zetian; the large, central Buddha is representative of the Vairocana In 675, with Emperor Gaozong's illness getting worse, he considered having Empress Wu formally rule as regent. The chancellor Hao Chujun and the official Li Yiyan both opposed this, and he did not formally make her regent, However, Empress Wu had accrued more political power than the Emperor Gaozong due to his absence. Also in 675, a number of people would fall victim to Empress Wu's ire.
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Al-Asbah was a disciple of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam, a Muslim reformist preacher and anti-colonialist activist. During the 1936-39 revolt in Palestine, al-Asbah led a rebel band of about 15 men who often set up nighttime checkpoints to ambush British military and Jewish targets before withdrawing to nearby villages and grottoes before the night's end. His rebel band was largely destroyed in a British ambush near the Galilee village of Arraba in mid-1937. Al-Asbah played a key role in reigniting the revolt in late 1937.
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Israeli forces bombed the rail bridge to Lebanon, and the remnants of this line can be seen at Rosh HaNikra grottoes, where a virtual "train ride to peace" movie is shown inside the sealed tunnel that used to go into Lebanon. The tracks used to continue from Rosh HaNikra to Nahariya (the current northern end of the line) making it possible for one to travel from Lebanon all the way to Tel Aviv, Cairo, and beyond. Northerly, there was a route to Syria and connection via Chemins de Fer Syriens to Damascus.
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Here theatergoers enter the environment of an evening in Venice with a replica of the Rialto Bridge spanning the stage. Above the seating is an eighty-five foot ceiling that permits an open sky effect with stars and moving clouds originally effected by a projecting device called a "Brenkert Brenograph," costing $290 (in 1920s dollars). Lighted stained glass windows line the walls with grottoes, arches and columns simulating the courtyard motif. On September 27, 1972, the Grateful Dead played a concert at the Stanley Theater, which was later released as Dick's Picks Volume 11.
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Coast view of Cascais, Portugal. Human settlement of the territory today known as Cascais dates to the late Paleolithic, as indicated by remnants encountered in the north of Talaíde, in Alto do Cabecinho (Tires) and south of Moinhos do Cabreiro. It was during the Neolithic that permanent settlements were established in the region, their inhabitants utilizing the natural grottoes (such as the Poço Velho in Cascais) and artificial shelters (like those in Alapraia or São Pedro) to deposit their dead. The bodies were buried along with offerings, a practice that continued to the Chalcolithic.
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Emperor Xuanwu of Northern Wei followed up this activity and excavated three more caves, two in memory of his father, Emperor Xiaowen, and one in memory of his mother; all three caves are grouped under the title of the "Three Binyang Caves" (Binyangsandong), which were built by the emperor over a 24-year period. Over 30% of the caves seen now were built during this period. In 527, the Huangfugong or Shikusi grottoes, a major cave, was completed. It is a well conserved cave located to the south of the West Hill.
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Longmen Grottos UNESCO World Heritage site The Longmen Grottoes () or Longmen Caves are some of the finest examples of Chinese Buddhist art. Housing tens of thousands of statues of Shakyamuni Buddha and his disciples, they are located south of present-day Luoyang in Henan province, China. The images, many once painted, were carved as outside rock reliefs and inside artificial caves excavated from the limestone cliffs of the Xiangshan () and Longmenshan, running east and west. The Yi River () flows northward between them and the area used to be called Yique ().
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Working with Josiah Lane, the artisan stonemason who had built a cascade and grotto at Painshill Park, in the 1780s Hamilton added a cascade, grottoes and a hermit's cave to the lakeside. The Italianate terrace gardens on the south front of the house were commissioned by the 3rd Marquess. The Upper Terrace, by Sir Robert Smirke, was completed in 1818, and the Lower, by George Kennedy, was added in 1851. Originally planted with hundreds of thousands of annuals in intricate designs, the parterres are now more simply planted.
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Desanges, "The proto- Berbers" at 236-245, 243-245, 245, in General History of Africa, volume II. Ancient Civilizations of Africa (UNESCO 1990), Abridged Edition. Early worship sites might be in grottoes, on mountains, in clefts and cavities, along roadways, with the "altars casually made of turf, the vessels used still of clay with the deity himself nowhere", according to the Berber author Apuleius (born c. 125 CE), commenting on the local worship of earlier times.Ilevbare, Carthage, Rome, and the Berbers (1981) at 121, quoting the Roman-era Berber writer Apuleius, his Apologia 25, 13.
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Under Pope Gregory I, the caverns, grottoes, crags and glens that had once been used for the worship of the pagan gods were now appropriated by Christianity: "Let altars be built and relics be placed there" wrote Pope Gregory I, "so that [the pagans] have to change from the worship of the daemones to that of the true God".The modern Church takes a much less antagonistic stance to non-Abrahamic religions. See Dignitatis humanae and Nostra aetateR. MacMullen, "Christianity and Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries," Yale University Press, 1997.
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Statues of Dīpankara in Kathmandu. left Dīpankara is generally represented as a sitting Buddha, but his depictions as a standing Buddha are common in China, Thailand, and Nepal; with the right hand he generally forms a protection mudra (abhaya mudra), and often he forms it with both hands. Dīpankara is rarely depicted alone; one of the Buddhas of Bamiyan, destroyed by the Taliban government in Afghanistan in 2001, was said to portray Dīpankara. Statues of Dīpankara can also be found in the Longmen and Yungang Grottoes in China.
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GCI's field projects are "selected based on how they fit the institute's goals of raising public awareness, contributing new, broadly applicable information to the field, and supporting cultural heritage" and "must be executed in collaboration with partners… who must be serious about their efforts… so that projects are assured of continuing after the Getty's involvement ceases." Among other completed GCI field projects were efforts to preserve the Mogao Caves and Yungang Grottoes in China (announced in 1989);Wilson, David S. Getty Trust and Chinese. New York Times, January 20, 1989. Retrieved August 24, 2008.
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It shows that it is possible for a transgender to exercise her right to citizenship and to live a dignified life, away from stereotypes. Contrary to popular belief, her election also showed that it is a myth that in the large and cosmopolitan Brazilian cities there is less prejudice than in the so-called "country grottoes." The four municipal elections already held in Colônia do Piauí were disputed by Katia, who managed to win all of them. In addition to deputy mayor, she was already councilor for three terms, and one of them assumed the presidency of the city hall.
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The Jesuits planned to demolish the property's mansion, Ridgewood House, and build a structure to house 200 Jesuits, including novices, juniors, and tertians. The site for Roth Hall was chosen on the highest ground of the property, and was originally completely hidden from the road, only seen from the Hudson. The surrounding land is undulating, and the Jesuits found it lends itself to building grottoes and winding paths for shrines and summer houses. They hoped to construct a broad walkway the whole length of the cliff which skirts the river and hides the railroad and grounds from each other.
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Golgulsa Temple (Korean: 골굴사, Chinese: 骨窟寺, Pronounced “Gol-gul-sa”) was established on Mt. Hamwolsan, along with Girimsa, by Master Gwangyu and his retinue who came to Korea from India about 1,500 years ago. Golgulsa Temple is the oldest grotto temple in Korea, emulating those in India. According to a painting of Jeong Seon (pen name; Gyeomjae) during the mid-Joseon era, Golgulsa Temple was established by constructing a wooden antechapel in front of several stone grottoes and covering it with tiles. The temple was left in ruins after it was burnt down in the mid to late Joseon era.
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The mythology of China includes a mythological geography describing individual mythological descriptions of places and the features; sometimes, this reaches to the level of a cosmological conception. Various features of mythological terrain are described in myth, including a Heavenly world above the earth, a land of the dead beneath the earth, palaces beneath the sea, and various fantastic areas or features of the earth, located beyond the limits of the known earth. Such mythological features include mountains, rivers, forests or fantastic trees, and caves or grottoes. These then serve as the location for the actions of various beings and creatures.
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The Hanging Temple, also Hanging Monastery or Xuankong Temple () is a temple built into a cliff ( above the ground) near Mount Heng in Hunyuan County, Datong City, Shanxi Province, China. The closest city is Datong, to the northwest. Along with the Yungang Grottoes, the Hanging Temple is one of the main tourist attractions and historical sites in the Datong area. Built more than 1,500 years ago, this temple is notable not only for its location on a sheer precipice but also because it is the only existing temple with the combination of three Chinese traditional religions: Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism.
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The Iranic Saka peoples originally inhabited Yarkand and Kashgar in ancient times, and were ruled by the Buddhist Saka Kingdom of Khotan and Shule Kingdom when the first major Turkic incursions into the area began. The Saka Kings were still culturally- influenced by the Buddhist homeland of Northern India, with their rulers adopting Hindu names. The Buddhist entities of Khotan and Dunhuang (in present-day Gansu) had a tight-knit partnership, with intermarriage between Dunhuang and Khotan's rulers and Dunhuang's Mogao grottos and Buddhist temples being funded and sponsored by the Khotan royals, whose likenesses were drawn in the Mogao grottoes., p. 55.
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The Folly Fellowship is a UK charity and company limited by guarantee. It was created in 1988 by Gwyn Headley, Wim Meulenkamp and Andrew Plumridge as an amenity society to protect, preserve and promote awareness of Britain’s follies, grottoes and garden buildings. It organises trips throughout the year to follies and holds an annual garden party at a follied garden where the highlight is the cutting of a cake formed in the shape of one of the follies in the garden. Members also receive a range of publications, including three Magazines, each giving information about follies in different depths.
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The Shaolin Temple was built by Emperor Xiaowen in 477 AD The Northern Wei dynasty was the most long-lived and most powerful of the northern dynasties prior to the reunification of China by the Sui dynasty. Northern Wei art came under influence of Indian and Central Asia traditions through the mean of trade routes. Most importantly for Chinese art history, the Wei rulers converted to Buddhism and became great patrons of Buddhist arts. Many of the most important heritages of China, such as the Yungang Grottoes, the Longmen Caves, the Shaolin Monastery, the Songyue Pagoda, were built by the Northern Wei.
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Tourism is mainly present in the summer, between the months of June and September. The tourists who come to visit this place, are particularly attracted by the beauty of the sea and the landscape of jagged cliffs. There are boat tours driven by professionalists, which take tourists visiting the sea and rocks. The tour, lasting about half an hour, begin from the island of Ortigia, then passes from the coast of sea grottoes of Syracuse, and finally arrives at the "Two Brothers", where it stops for a few minutes to give tourists the possibility to swim.
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He hired architect Clough Williams-Ellis (1883–1978) to reduce the main house in size, removing wings at the rear, adding a new south elevation facing a new formal garden, gates and gazebos on the site of the demolished parts, with a fibreglass temple, stables with a clock tower, a ceremonial arch, a bridge carrying the drive over the river, and a dovecote. It is currently the residence of Sir Philip Vyvyan Naylor-Leyland, 4th Baronet (born 1953). Sir Philip hired Belinda Eade to create a grotto.Hazelle Jackson, Shell Houses and Grottoes, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Osprey Publishing, 2001, p. 29. .
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Tang China later regained control in 692, but eventually lost control of the entire Western Regions after it was weakened considerably by the An Lushan Rebellion. After the Tang dynasty, Khotan formed an alliance with the rulers of Dunhuang. The Buddhist entitites of Dunhuang and Khotan had a tight-knit partnership, with intermarriage between Dunhuang and Khotan's rulers and Dunhuang's Mogao grottos and Buddhist temples being funded and sponsored by the Khotan royals, whose likenesses were drawn in the Mogao grottoes. Khotan was conquered by the Tibetan Empire in 792 and gained its independence in 851.
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James Pulham and Son was founded by James Pulham (1793–1838) of Woodbridge in Suffolk, who was succeeded by his eldest son James (1820–1898) and then by two more generations of eldest sons, both also named James. The firm went out of business in 1939. The firm was best known for the construction of rock gardens, follies and grottoes using both natural stone and their own invention, Pulhamite artificial rock. Pulham and Son also manufactured a wide range of terracotta and Pulhamite garden ornaments, originally at their works in Tottenham, but after 1840 at Broxbourne in Hertfordshire.
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The 'Ferme Ornée' gardens of the 18th century were an expression in landscape gardening of the Romantic movement. Emulating Arcadia, a pastoral paradise was created to reflect Man's harmony with the perfection of nature. A working farm, domestic animals and the natural landscape were ornamented by allusions to Arcadia: follies and grottoes, statuary and classical texts were combined with serpentine avenued walks, flowing water and lakes, areas of light and shade, special planting and inspirational framed views. Freed from the restrictions of the 17th century formal garden, the 'Ferme Ornée' was the first move towards the Brownian landscape parkland.
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The Kungur Ice Cave is located in the vicinity of Kungur, on the right bank of the Sylva River. Ramified passages stretch under the ground for over 6,000 meters, and only a small part has already been explored. To this day old slides and crumblings do not allow to determine the total length of the passages. In the explored part of the cave there are several dozens of grottoes; the largest one, which is called the Druzhba (Friendship) Grotto, was given its name in honor of the participants of the International Geological Congress who visited the cave in 1937.
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He and his wife developed a 325 acre country estate in Geneva, Illinois, 40 miles west of Chicago, beginning with the purchase of 10 acres on the west bank of the Fox River. "Riverbank", as they named their estate, featured among other things, a Japanese Garden, a private zoo, a Roman-style swimming pool, a lighthouse, gardens, grottoes, greenhouses, a farm and the research laboratory. They lived on their estate from 1908 to 1939 in a farmhouse remodeled by Frank Lloyd Wright, which they called the Fabyan Villa. This site also contained George's and Nelle's expansive private library and museum.
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Hermitage of Saint Venantius This type of structures, where caves or grottoes in remote mountainous terrain became the site of anchoritic habitation, and later hagiographic devotional cults, are not uncommon in the terrain of the high Apennines and Abruzzo, which also harbors the hermitages of San Bartolomeo in Legio, of San Domenico, and of Celestino V near Sulmona. The hermitage is now associated with a pilgrimage church. Venantius converted to Christianity in the 3rd century, and was martyred nearby in 259. According to tradition, the hermitage was constructed in the 12th-century, though the structure suggests some 15th-century construction.
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The work was undertaken at the request of Pope Pius XI who wished to be buried as close as possible to Peter the Apostle. It is also home to the Tomb of the Julii, which has been dated to the third or fourth century. The necropolis was not originally one of the Catacombs of Rome, but an open air cemetery with tombs and mausolea. The Vatican Necropolis is not to be confused with the Vatican grottoes, the latter of which resulted from the construction of St. Peter's Church and is located on the ground level of the old Constantinian basilica.
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This time, this group completed their exploration of 7,729 m of Phong Nha Cave and 13,690 m of Vom Cave and adjacent caves and grottos. In 1994, a third exploration was carried out by a group of 11 British scientists and five Vietnamese professors of Hanoi University. In 1999 scientists from the Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre also conducted zoological and botanical surveys in the Kẻ Bàng area. Based on the results of these three explorations, more information about the caves and grottoes made available to the Vietnamese and local government for the protection, planning, and tourism development of this park.
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Besides the designs for the diamond throne pagoda, the monk is said to have brought with him five golden Buddha statues. According to the legend, these statues are buried in the temple, one under each pagoda. However, references to such design can be found in much older Chinese art and architecture, for example in a mural painting in the Dunhuang Grottoes that has been dated to the Northern dynasties, about 1000 years older than the Zhenjue Temple. Using the style of the diamond throne pagoda, the temple was constructed later during the reign of the Chenghua Emperor in 1473.
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Paul Pelliot examines manuscripts in cave 17 An enormous number of early manuscripts in a variety of languages were collected by Aurel Stein and Paul Pelliot at the famous sealed-up Library Cave (no. 17) of the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang and sent back to London and Paris respectively. The Dunhuang manuscripts in the Tibetan language include the Old Tibetan Chronicle, which was probably compiled in the early 9th century, and the Old Tibetan Annals, which have been described as "the first and single most important documents available on early Tibetan history.""Foreword" by Per Sørensen in (Dotson (2009), p. 1.
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Just like ancient Chinese gardens, it is densely decorated and planted with a vast variety of trees. This is one of the few parks in Shanghai that kept most of the aspects of traditional Chinese garden design, featuring gates, lakes, grottoes, rocks, curved paths, animal-shaped stones, stele and pavilions. Although its area is relatively small, the architecture of different parts varies, as if it were made to showcase a historical Chinese garden. When the weather allows, nearby residents come here to play Go and Mahjong, sing or play music, do exercises, or relax lying on the meadow.
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The image is referred as the Black Madonna because of its dark brown skin tones. The chapel soon became a center of religious devotion, with numerous pilgrimages, prayer services and masses being offered."The Black Madonna Shrine", The Franciscan Missionary Brothers of the Sacred Heart of Jesus The Black Madonna Shrine was built out of his devotion to Mary, and dedicated to her as "Queen of Peace and Mercy"."Black Madonna Shrine", About St. Louis After completing the chapel, Brother Bronislaus began building grottoes, using concrete and native Missouri tiff rock acquired from the nearby mining town of Potosi.
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The fajã is known for the geological feature along the coast, including the many poças, or tidal pools (such as the Poça João Dias and Poço do Carneiro). The lava fields generated many natural pools that support protected natural swimming areas, the largest being the Poça de Simão Dias. Similarly, the fajã's coast is dotted by grottoes and coves, formed by marine erosion, including the Furna do Lobo, a cove approximately long and only accessible by boat. Among the waterways that descend from the flanks of Norte Pequeno are the Ribeira da Casa Velha (supporting eels).
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In the back it carries an inscription dating it 1098, the period of the Chola King Kuloththunga. The Tirumala Rama Idol at the famous Tirumala Venkateswara Temple, Andhra Pradesh is also in the same posture. This style has also travels with Indian influence as in China where some sculptures at the Maijishan Grottoes built in the Later Qin era (384-417 CE). Some Buddha images in Thailand are also in the tribhanga (leaning) position and so are some of Boddhisattva in the ancient Yakushi-ji Buddhist temples in Nara, Japan, built in 680 CE, the Hakuhō period.
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Located at about 18 degrees, 48 minutes North, and 64 degrees, 30 minutes West, it covers an area of about . The main commercial and residential area is Spanish Town on the southwestern part of the island. The Baths, 2013 An unusual geologic formation known as "the Baths" located on the southern end of the island makes Virgin Gorda one of the BVI's major tourist destinations. At the Baths, in spite of evidence of the island's largely volcanic origins, huge granite boulders lie in piles on the beach, forming scenic grottoes that are open to the sea.
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In contrast to the larger caves of neighboring West Virginia, caves in the Great Valley are generally quite shallow with little internal relief. In-cave relief rarely exceeds in Washington County. High deformation and faulting allows surface waters to penetrate rock vertically and reach the shallow underlying water table quickly without much lateral travel. This serves to limit cavern development considerably, and of the many caves in Washington County, only Crystal Grottoes is known to exceed in length, and it attains such length from having a maze pattern of passages, rather than a long continuous stream conduit.
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Hofland's book describes various counties but Hampshire and Derbyshire are selected for special mention. He lists the rivers of Derbyshire, covering the Erwash (sic) in a few sentences. The River Dove (that inspired Isaac Walton's famous book) and then page after page of Dovedale where he had spent many days sketching and angling in the company of fellow artists like Ebenezer Rhodes from Sheffield. The gardens of the Whiteknights estate were described in a book by Barbara Hofland with engraved pictures of the gardens and its multitude of bridges, fountains, seats and grottoes by Thomas Christopher Hofland.
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George Fabyan was a millionaire businessman who had a thirst for knowledge. Inheritance from his tycoon-father's textile business, Bliss, Fabyan & Co. provided the financial foundation from which the Colonel and his wife, Nelle, established their legacy. Riverbank, their estate on the Fox River in Geneva, Illinois spanned approximately and featured, among other things, a Japanese Garden, private zoo, Roman-style swimming pool, greenhouses, gardens, grottoes, a lighthouse, a Dutch-style windmill, a country club, a small farm and a scientific laboratory complex. The mid-1800s farmhouse that the Fabyans acquired in 1905 was dubbed by them, The Villa.
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On Yuan Chwang's travels in India, 629-645 A.D., Watters, Thomas, London, Royal Asiatic Society p. 222 Xuan Zang Statue at Longmen Grottoes, Luoyang, China > Within the city of F'o (or Sha)-lo-tu-lo was a tope where an arhat had > converted a disciple of Panini. Five hundred years after the Buddha's > decease a great arhat from Kashmir in his travels as an apostle arrived at > this place. Here he saw a brahmin teacher chastising a young pupil : in > reply to the arhat's question the teacher said he beat the boy for not > making progress in etymology.
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Once, Confederate General Stonewall Jackson was apparently camped near Port Republic and allowed his soldiers to visit the caverns. From 1974 until October 2009 Grand Caverns was owned by the Upper Valley Regional Park Authority (UVRPA); they also claimed ownership of Natural Chimneys. In October 2009 Grand Caverns and its surrounding parks were given to the Town of Grottoes; the UVRPA has since dissolved. In 2004, the Grand Caverns management requested that the Virginia Region chapter of the National Speleological Society conduct a re-survey of the cave system which had not been done since the 1930s.
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The Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape () is an extensive assembly of historical rock art that were painted on limestone cliff faces in Guangxi, southern China. The paintings are located on the west bank of the Ming River () which is a tributary of the Zuo River.Guo Hong, Han Rubin, Huang Huaiwu, Lan Riyong, and Xie Riwan: Types of Weathering of the Huashan Rock Paintings, in: Agnew, Neville, ed., Conservation of Ancient Sites on the Silk Road: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Conservation of Grotto Sites, Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, People's Republic of China, June 28-July 3, 2004.
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In the Dunhuang grottoes illustrations were found of the Discourse on the Difficulty in Paying the Debt to Parents During this period, in response to attacks from Confucianists and Daoists, works written in defense of filial piety in Buddhism reflected a higher level of maturity. For example, in response to Daoist criticism that Buddhism teaches abandonment of one's parents, Fa Lin responded by referring to the Buddhist idea that all living beings might have been our parents, but also our enemies. A wise man therefore practices impartiality and seeks enlightenment. This is the Buddhist way to benefit one's parents and all living beings.
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Giulio Romano (1499–1546), was a pupil of Raphael, assisting him on various works for the Vatican. Romano was also a highly inventive designer, working for Federico II Gonzaga at Mantua on the Palazzo Te (1524–1534), a project which combined his skills as architect, sculptor and painter. In this work, incorporating garden grottoes and extensive frescoes, he uses illusionistic effects, surprising combinations of architectural form and texture, and the frequent use of features that seem somewhat disproportionate or out of alignment. The total effect is eerie and disturbing. Ilan Rachum cites Romano as “one of the first promoters of Mannerism”.
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From 1922 until 1928 Castiglioni worked on the plaster casts for friezes and monumental sculptures for the Palacio Legislativo of Montevideo, Uruguay; these were shipped to Uruguay, and the bronze or marble sculptures were made there. In the Fascist era he worked on sculptures for war cemeteries and monuments to the dead of the First World War, including: the military memorial of Monte Grappa (1935) in the Veneto; the (1937) in the comune of Paluzza, Udine; the military ossuary of Caporetto, now Kobarid, Slovenia; and the war memorial of Redipuglia (1938) in the province of Gorizia. In 1941 he made the tomb of Pope Pius XI in the Vatican Grottoes.
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The first recorded shell grotto in England was at Whitehall Palace; James I had it built in the undercroft of the Banqueting House in 1624, but it hasn't survived. Two years later the Duke of Bedford had a shell room built at Woburn Abbey, featuring shell mosaics and carved stone. This, and another at Skipton Castle, built in 1627, are the only surviving examples from the 17th century. The shell-free Crystal Grotto at Painshill Shell grottoes were an expensive luxury: The grotto at Oatlands Park cost £25,000 in 1781 and took 11 years to build; and at Fisherwick Park the Marquess of Donegall spent £10,000 on shells alone in 1789.
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Claude Wenzler, Architecture du jardin, pg. 12 They reached their peak in the gardens of the royal Château de Fontainebleau, Château d'Amboise, Château de Blois, and Château de Chenonceau. French Renaissance gardens were characterized by symmetrical and geometric planting beds or parterres, plants in pots, paths of gravel and sand, terraces, stairways and ramps, moving water in the form of canals, cascades and monumental fountains, and extensive use of artificial grottoes, labyrinths, and statues of mythological figures. They became an extension of the châteaux that they surrounded, and were designed to illustrate the Renaissance ideals of measure and proportion, and to remind viewers of the virtues of Ancient Rome.
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The Romantic generation of tourists might not actually visit Fingal's Cave, on the remote isle of Staffa in the Scottish Hebrides, but they have often heard of it, perhaps through Felix Mendelssohn's "Hebrides Overture", better known as "Fingal's Cave", which was inspired by his visit. In the 19th century, when miniature Matterhorns and rock-gardens became fashionable, a grotto was often found, such as at Ascott House. In Bavaria, Ludwig's Linderhof contains an abstraction of the grotto under Venusberg, which figured in Wagner's Tannhäuser. Although grottoes have largely fallen from fashion since the British Picturesque movement, architects and artists occasionally try to redefine the grotto in contemporary design works.
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Statues of the Yungang Grottoes, one of many cultural symbols displaying China's embracement of Buddhism. Although introduced during the Han dynasty, the chaotic, divisionary Period of Disunity (220-589) saw a flourishing of Buddhism and travels to foreign regions inspired by Buddhist missionaries. There were Indian monks such as Kumarajiva (344-413) from Kucha who traveled to China in order to translate Sanskrit texts into Chinese. There were also many Chinese who traveled abroad in order to obtain and translate Buddhist sutras into Chinese, such as the Chinese monk Faxian (337-422), who in his old age traveled to Sri Lanka, India, and Nepal.
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Feilai grottoes Rock reliefs at Feilai Feng; the panel at lower left depicts the pilgrims of the Journey to the West Feilai Feng, or "the Peak that Flew Hither", also commonly translated as "Flying Peak" (), is located in front of the temple proper. The peak is so-named because it is made of limestone, giving it a craggy appearance very different from the surrounding mountains. Legend holds that the peak was originally from India (with some versions suggesting that it is Vulture Peak), but flew to Hangzhou overnight as a demonstration of the omnipotence of Buddhist law. Many rock reliefs dot the surface of the peak.
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Many of the shells and minerals that had been dislodged had been stored away and these, together with replacement material, were used in the restoration process. British shells provide the majority of the shells used and include mussels, cockles, periwinkles and limpets, accompanied by a few examples of exotic species such as pearl oyster, conch and cowrie. The restoration of one of the finest shell grottoes in Wales was completed in December 1996, enabling residents and visitors to Pontypool to once again visit the grotto and enjoy the shell interior and panoramic views. The root work around walls and ceiling was riddled with worm.
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Sirmio is a promontory at the southern end of Lake Garda, projecting 3.3 kilometers (2.1 mi) into the lake. It is celebrated in connection with the Roman poet Catullus, as the large ruins of a Roman villa known as the Grottoes of Catullus on the promontory have been supposed to be his country house. Catullus, upon his return home from a long voyage, joyously describes Sirmio as Paene insularum, Sirmio, insularumque ocelle ("jewel of islands and of peninsulas") in his Carmen XXXI, Ad Sirmionem insulam. A post station bearing the name Sirmio stood on the highroad between Brixia (modern Brescia) and Verona, near the southern shore of the lake.
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In 1913 the third chamber with the "Fairy Kingdom" was discovered, and shortly before the outbreak of World War I in 1914 tours began to be offered to the public. At that time a pavilion with café was opened that remained in use in the following decades — including the post-World War II German Democratic Republic, which categorized the Feengrotten as an official Sehenswürdigkeit (point of Interest) of the GDR, open to foreign tourists. Following German unification, the pavilion was renovated beginning in 1998, and new facilities were added. Between 1914 and 2007, more than 20 million people visited the grottoes, which annually draw an average of 160,000 visitors.
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The park was created to protect one of the world's two largest karst regions with 300 caves and grottoes and also protects the ecosystem of limestone forest of the Annamite Range region in North Central Coast of Vietnam. Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng is noted for its cave and grotto systems as it is composed of 300 caves and grottos. A 2009 survey brought the total discovered length of the cave system to about 126 km, with many areas still not well explored. The Sơn Đoòng Cave, which was discovered in the 2009 survey by British and Vietnamese explorers, is considered the largest cave in the world.
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This species is threatened and therefore protected by the Bern Convention and Habitats Directive, as evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The islets have various grottoes, caves, and niches formed by volcanic activity resulting in diverse and unique biotopes. The Ratões Grotto (, or Grotto of the Rats in English) along the northern coast of western islet is recognized by divers as one of the few places in the Azores possibly supportive of a large reproductive mass of common eagle rays (Myliobatis aquila). The biodiversity and geographical conditions make the area around the Cabras ideal for sub-aquatic activities, including recreational diving and scientific investigations.
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Up to now, the cooker still exists, as well as the inscription of Lu Shen in the Ming Dynasty. The Cang mountain, 60 kilometers north of the city, is said to have been hidden here by Zhao orphans in the Spring and Autumn period. There is a legend of the Canggu cave, and the name of the Cang mountain is interpreted here. In addition, Yangquan also preserves many ancient cultural sites, such as the Northern Wei Grottoes, the cliff stone carvings of the Southern and Northern dynasties, the main hall of Lin Li Guandi Temple rebuilt in the Song Dynasty, and the ancient architectural groups since the Jin and Yuan dynasties.
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The third phase, was during the reign of the Tang dynasty when Chinese Buddhism flourished and there was a proliferation of caves and carvings from 626 to the mid 8th century. The last phase, which was the fourth, was from the later part of the Tang dynastic rule extending to the Northern Song Dynasty rule, which saw a decline in the creation of grottoes. It came to an end due to internecine war between the Jin and Yuan dynasties. Guyangdong or the Shiku Temple, credited to Emperor Xiaowen, was the first cave temple to be built at the center of the southern floor of the West Hill.
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On Vatulele Island in Fiji populations of bright red Parhippolyte uvae occur in a complex of anchialine grottoes and pools. Several legends have arisen to explain the origin of these populations and the Fijians call P. uveae ura damudamu which means "red prawn" or ura buta which means "cooked prawn". On Vatulele the islanders treat the prawns with great respect, and they have a traditional practice of “calling” the prawns using chants and clapping. It is taboo for the islanders to kill or harm the prawns in any way, although local guides have been allowed to enter the pools to show them to tourists for some years.
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Pieter van Laer, Annunciation to the shepherds at the Museum Bredius His paintings were typically of a small format. Landscape with Hunters The influence of a long stay in Rome is seen in his treatment of landscape and backgrounds. One of his important contributions is the introduction to Roman painting of new subjects derived from Flemish and Dutch genre paintings including according to a contemporary source, "rogues, cheats, pickpockets, bands of drunks and gluttons, scabby tobacconists, barbers, and other 'sordid' subjects." His subjects also included blacksmiths shoeing horses in grottoes, travelers in front of inns, brigands attacking travelers, military actions, idlers around Roman lime-kilns, markets, feasts and scenes with hunters.
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Lapa Terra Ronca or Caverna Terra Ronca I (GO-063), is a dolomitic limestone cave inside the area of the Terra Ronca State Park, which houses the largest collection of caves and grottoes in the midwest with a number of about 200 being that only Terra Ronca and Angelica are open for the tourists. It is located about 400 kilometers from Brasília, midway between the municipalities of São Domingos, Posse e Guarani de Goiás, in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Thousands of years ago, a landslide caused its division into two parts. The first can be visited easily, but the second part requires a tour guide.
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The most valuable and picturesque part of the whole Dniester is the 250 km-stretch from the mouth of the river Zolota Lypa to the mouth of the river Zbruch, which is called the Dnister Canyon. The nature of the Dniester Canyon is specific and original. These are first of all picturesque landscapes and their versatility which impart contribute to the originality of these routes. The steep rocky or wooden banks with the heights to , unique travertine rocks and geological exfoliation, caves and grottoes with signs of human settlement upon them, waterfalls, picturesque islands, monuments of nature, history, architecture, ethnography – all these can be seen miles and miles.
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Maitreya Statue A major tourist attraction is the Myriad Buddha Cave (Wanfo Dong) at the foot of the hill's northern slope. Inside the more than 500 meter-long artificial cave, late-20th-century recreations of Buddhist statues from four famous Chinese grottoes (Dunhuang and Maiji Shan in Gansu Province, Longmen in Henan Province, Yun Gang in Shanxi Province) are on display. The original artworks were created during the Northern Wei, Tang, and Song dynasties. According to the operators (information provided on the backside of the entrance ticket as of 2006), around 28 000 Buddhist images are on display inside the cave, the biggest statue—a lying Buddha—is 28 meters long.
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One of Anthony Hordern's sons was Samuel Hordern (1849-1909). His eldest son, (Sir) Samuel Hordern (1879-1956) acquired Mount Adelaide on the Darling Point ridge and created a vast new residence and landscaped setting in an Arts and Crafts style (): formal stairways descended from the porte cochere to sunken gardens and grottoes distinguished by an important botanic collection. Known as Babworth House (or Hall), this great estate was designed by architects Morrow and De Putron, who also designed nearby Hopewood House (1914) on the point for his brother Lebbeus. Sir Samuel also resided at Retford Park, Bowral; Lady (Charlotte) Hordern took a keen interest in both gardens.
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The site was graded to form a series of garden platforms and enclosures descending to a rose garden, herbaceous border, and oak glade under-planted with bluebells. As with the house the garden also displays a certain stylistic eclecticism: Italianate garden terrace balustrading and cypress-lined walks; highly sculptured faux rockwork walls and grottoes clad in an array of succulents and rock garden plants; the use of palms and clumps of umbrella tree (Schefflera sp.) and bird-of-paradise flower (Strelitzia sp.) to give an exuberant and tropical character to parts of the garden; the retention of areas with a strong nineteenth sombreness and richly varies plant list throughout the estate.
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Shatter Cave has been described as being one of the finest decorated caves in Britain in terms of their sheer abundance of pure white and translucent calcite deposits.Moseley, Gina (2005), A Study into the Microclimatology of Shatter Cave, southwest England with comparison to Uamh an Tartair, northwest Scotland, presented to the British Cave Research Association. The floor of Diesel Chamber includes some fine gours, Helicite Rift contains heligmites and a stalactite curtain, and Pillar Chamber contains a high white pillar as well as one of the finest crystalline gour floors in Great Britain. Tor Chamber, Portcullis Grottoes and Pisa Passage are also highly decorated.
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On the west side of Ponza is the Grotta di Ulisse O Del Sangue, which means Cave of Ulysses or the Blood. The Grotto or cave is almost directly underneath the hill/peninsula called Il Belvedere, which has the Giardino Botanico Ponziano a botanical garden with a villa and the remains of a castle. These caves or grottoes are popular destinations to visit by boat only. View of Cala Fonte harbour in Le Forna area view of one of the most beautiful bays located in Le Forna area During Roman times, Nero Caesar, eldest brother of Caligula, was deported to Ponza in AD 29, where he was put to death the following year.
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View from the lake The garden includes the ruins of the ancient settlement of Ninfa, whose name seems to derive from a classical era nymphaeum, a temple dedicated to nymphs, located on an island in the small lake; nymphs were believed to dwell in mountains and groves, by springs and rivers, and also in trees and in valleys and cool grottoes. According to Charles Quest-Ritson's book Ninfa: The Most Romantic Garden in the World, the Gardens of Ninfa's first documented evidence is from Pliny the Younger, who described a temple on the premises dedicated to water nymphs.Quest-Ritson 12-26. The village already existed in the Roman era as a small village in an agricultural area.
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In one of the grottoes is found a vast and rich complex of carvings, dated between the late Epigravettian and the Mesolithic, depicting men and animals. Amid a large group of bovids, wild horses, and deer, there is represented a scene dominated by the presence of human figures: a group of characters, arranged in a circle, surrounding two central figures with their heads covered and their bodies strongly arched back. The most conflicting hypotheses have been put forward on the question of the identity of these two characters and the significance of their position inside the group. According to some scholars, it might show acrobats caught in the act of playing games that require a particular ability.
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The Fengxian cave (circa 675 AD) of the Longmen Grottoes, commissioned by Wu Zetian. Although she entered Emperor Gaozong's court as the lowly consort Wu Wei Liang, Wu Zetian rose to the highest seat of power in 690, establishing the short-lived Wu Zhou. Empress Wu's rise to power was achieved through cruel and calculating tactics: a popular conspiracy theory stated that she killed her own baby girl and blamed it on Gaozong's empress so that the empress would be demoted. Emperor Gaozong suffered a stroke in 655, and Wu began to make many of his court decisions for him, discussing affairs of state with his councilors, who took orders from her while she sat behind a screen.
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The Harnsberger Octagonal Barn, also known the Mt. Meridian Octagonal Barn, is located near Grottoes, Virginia. Built about 1867, the barn is possibly the only example of such a barn in Virginia, as the building style was more popular in the expanding midwestern United States in the immediate post- American Civil War era than in economically-depressed Virginia. The octagonal style was popularized in 1853 by A Home For All, or the Gravel Wall and Octagon Mode of Building by Orson Squire Fowler. and Accompanying photo The barn was built for Robert Samuel Harnsberger in 1867, following the example of his brother Stephen, who had built an octagonal house nearby in 1856.
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The history of F&M; Bank can be traced to 1908, when it started its operation as a state chartered bank in Timberville as Farmers & Merchants Bank of Timberville, Inc. In 1983, F&M; Bank was incorporated in Virginia and became a registered bank holding company. It maintains its headquarters in Timberville, VA and is a full-service financial institution, offering complete consumer, business, and financial services. F&M; is the oldest and the only publicly traded corporation based in Rockingham County, VA. Regional branch office locations of the bank are located in Bridgewater, Craigsville, Edinburg, Elkton, Grottoes, Luray, Staunton, Harrisonburg and Broadway and these offices share operational responsibility for retail operations and ATMs.
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He worked at the head office in Osaka and moved to Nara Prefecture, where he took courses in the photography of Buddhist sculptures and other cultural properties. In 1922, Ogawa quit Asahi and opened a photo studio named in Nara, under the suggestion of the renowned art historian Aizu Yaichi who taught at Waseda University in Tokyo. He took photographs of Buddhist sculptures at the old temples in Nara and Kyoto, as well as of ruins in foreign countries, such as the Yungang Grottoes in China; Angkor Wat in Cambodia; and Borobudur and Candi Prambananin in Central Java. Additionally, he established and managed a publishing company called Bukkyō Bijutsu sha (仏教美術社).
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The exact site is unknown, but it must have been close to the marshes below Fundi; whence Martial terms it "Amyclae Fundanae". In the immediate neighbourhood, but on a rocky promontory projecting into the sea, was a villa of Tiberius, called Spelunca, from the natural caverns in the rock, in one of which the emperor nearly lost his life by the falling in of the roof, while he was supping there with a party of friends.Suet. Tib. 39. The ancient name of the locality is retained, with little variation, by the modern village of Sperlonga, about west of Gaeta, where the grottoes in the rock are still visible, with some remains of their ancient architectural decorations.
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To the right of the court was a subsidiary stable courtyard. Soon the gardens were swept away by the duc de Biron, in favour of a miniature park à l'Anglaise, achieved with trelliswork. When the "comte du Nord", the future Paul I of Russia, and his countess (who were traveling technically incognito for pleasure) visited Paris in 1782, they toured the garden, "one of the wonders of Paris, admiring the beauty of the flowers and the variety of the borders. They walked among the flower beds and the shrubberies, marvelling at the boldness and elegance of the trellis work forming gateways, arcades, grottoes, domes, Chinese pavilions..."Contemporary document quoted at the Musée Rodin website.
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Others refused to join either nationality.Eluosi zu jian shi, p.18. In 1928, when Jin Shuren came to power, he strengthened supervision and taxation of the Russians. Freedom of movement and trade were curtailed. According to the records from Xinjiang Gazette, from 1930 to 1931 there were 207 Russians who went through the Guihua procedure in Ürümqi, and 288 in Chuguchak. In 1933, Jin abdicated. In 1935, the 2nd People's Congress was held, and the Guihua people were officially recognized as a minority group of Xinjiang. Besides damage done by previous European explorers, White movement bandits escaping from the Russian Civil War were responsible for vandalizing much of the Buddhist art at the Mogao Grottoes.
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View of the 130 steps from inside the sanctuary Romedius lived in the 4th and 5th centuries, the heir of a rich Bavarian family, son of the Count of Thaur, the lord of a castle near Innsbruck and owner of salt pans in the valley of the River Inn. After a pilgrimage to Rome, he gave all his possessions to the Church, withdrawing into a hermitage in the Val di Non in some grottoes which still exist near the sanctuary. Two companions followed him, Abraham and David. The legend is that one day Romedius, wishing to go to Trento to greet Vigilius, then bishop of that city, asked David to saddle the horse.
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The Italian Renaissance garden was a new style of garden which emerged in the late 15th century at villas in Rome and Florence, inspired by classical ideals of order and beauty, and intended for the pleasure of the view of the garden and the landscape beyond, for contemplation, and for the enjoyment of the sights, sounds and smells of the garden itself. In the late Renaissance, the gardens became larger, grander and more symmetrical, and were filled with fountains, statues, grottoes, water organs and other features designed to delight their owners and amuse and impress visitors. The style was imitated throughout Europe, influencing the gardens of the French Renaissance and the English garden.
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"The garden was influential in defining the style of garden known as the 'English garden' in continental Europe". The gardens were laid out in two distinct areas: those on the east side of the house were set out as vegetable plots on either side of the serpentine path, while on the western side were statues and grottoes, trees and evergreens with climbing and scented plants. Exotic plants which had only recently arrived in Britain included Aristolochiaceae, Passiflora and Bignonia. In 1828 the house and estate were purchased by Bishop Augustine Baines to create a seminary and then Bishop William Clifford for a Roman Catholic grammar school which later became Prior Park College.
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Longmen Grottoes Museum of Luoyang Eastern Zhou Royal Horse and Chariot Pits Map of Luoyang during the Eastern Han dynasty when it was the capital of China White Horse Temple gate The greater Luoyang area has been sacred ground since the late Neolithic period. This area at the intersection of the Luo river and Yi River was considered to be the geographical center of China. Because of this sacred aspect, several cities – all of which are generally referred to as "Luoyang" – have been built in this area. In 2070 BC, the Xia dynasty king Tai Kang moved the Xia capital to the intersection of the Luo and Yi and named the city Zhenxun ().
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All gardens of this type have the same basic parts to them: a patio at the entrance, a terrace, an orchard or vineyard, several water features, a kitchen garden, shrines or grottoes and other garden features that would personalize the garden. The patio would normally be decorated with outside garden furniture, a water basin or fountain, and be the starting point of a walk that would show off all the features of the garden. Peristyle – from a Greek word, where "peri" means "around" and "style" means "column" – denotes a type of open courtyard, which is surrounded by walls of columns supporting a portico (porch). The xystus (garden walk or terrace) was a core element of Roman gardens.
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In previous centuries the area which is now designated an SSSI was called Hackfall. John Aislabie (1670–1742) of Studley Royal Park, who had been responsible for the formal-style landscaping of Studley Royal and Fountains Abbey, purchased this land in 1731. He bought it for its timber, and perhaps also for its lime kiln, the coal pits near Limehouse Hill, sandstone quarries for repairing Ripon Cathedral, and the sawmill. His son William Aislabie (1700–1781), with an eye to the sublime aesthetic, landscaped the site in a natural, picturesque style with follies, an artificial waterfall, temples and grottoes among the trees, and the kinds of views and glades which were fashionable at the time.
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Fifty large and medium-sized caves are seen on the west hill cliffs which are credited to the Northern, Sui, and Tang Dynasties, while the caves on the east hill were carved entirely during the Tang Dynasty. The plethora of caves, sculptures and pagodas in Longmen Grottoes depict a definite "progression in style" with the early caves being simple and well shaped with carvings of statues of Buddha and religious people. The change of style is more distinct in the Tang Dynastic periods which are “more complex and incorporate women and court figures as well”. The caves have been numbered sequentially from north to south along the west bank of the Yi River.
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The arrival of the Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway in its expansion towards Bariloche in 1910 led to the hamlet's growth. It later became the site of Punta Verde, the leading port for the large wool export industry of Patagonia, though the collapse in the wool market during the 1930s and 1940s led to the port's closure in 1944. Deep-water port of San Antonio Este San Antonio Oeste benefited afterwards from a growth in tourism in nearby Las Grutas, a scenic cove known for its grottoes. Since 2000, it has also been home to a growing fishing industry, resulting from the opening of a deep-water port in San Antonio Este.
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Magpie Bridge (Queqiao), crossing the Silver River (Milky Way), one of the famous mythological locations of Chinese mythology. Depicted as a mural decorating the Long Corridor of the Summer Palace, in Beijing. Chinese mythological geography refers to the related mythological concepts of geography and cosmology, in the context of the geographic area now known as "China", which was typically conceived of as the center of the universe. The "Middle Kingdom" thus served as a reference point for a geography sometimes real and sometimes mythological, including lands and seas surrounding the Middle Land, with mountain peaks and sky (Heaven or heavens) above, with sacred grottoes and an underworld below, and even sometimes with some very abstract other worlds.
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Built on exactly the same spot as the earlier Mount Adelaide and replicating its orientation, the main aspect of the house faced north-east towards Double Bay. The Hordern family, descendants of Anthony (1788-1869) and Ann Hordern, who established a Sydney retailing dynasty exemplified by Anthony Hordern & Sons Palace Emporium, created many celebrated gardens around their residences. One of Anthony Hordern's sons was Samuel Hordern (1849-1909). His eldest son, (Sir) Samuel Hordern (1879-1956) acquired Mount Adelaide on the Darling Point ridge and created a vast new residence and landscaped setting in an Arts and Crafts style (): formal stairways descended from the porte cochere to sunken gardens and grottoes distinguished by an important botanic collection.
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The workmanship and detailing of the external cement render work is of national significance technically. Babworth's garden is an integral part of the design for the whole estate and, although the estate is reduced in size, the gardens and grounds provide a substantially intact and highly appropriate setting to the grand mansion. The built garden elements such as stairs, balustrades, grottoes and faux-rockwork amplify the scale of the mansion and demonstrate high technical accomplishment by using the same high standard of construction as the house. The Babworth estate, including house, garden and outbuildings, is representative of the large villa estate established by the wealthy elite of Darling Point during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
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Xuanzang Temple in Taiwan Statue of Xuanzang at Longmen Grottoes, Luoyang Xuanzang's work, the Great Tang Records on the Western Regions, is the longest and most detailed account of the countries of Central and South Asia that has been bestowed upon posterity by a Chinese Buddhist pilgrim. While his main purpose was to obtain Buddhist books and to receive instruction on Buddhism while in India, he ended up doing much more. He has preserved the records of the political and social aspects of the lands he visited. His record of the places visited by him in Bengal — mainly Raktamrittika near Karnasuvarna, Pundranagara and its environs, Samatata, Tamralipti and Harikela— have been very helpful in the recording of the archaeological history of Bengal.
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The Mogao Caves, also known as the Thousand Buddha Grottoes or Caves of the Thousand Buddhas, form a system of 500 temples southeast of the center of Dunhuang, an oasis located at a religious and cultural crossroads on the Silk Road, in Gansu province, China. The caves may also be known as the Dunhuang Caves; however, this term is also used as a collective term to include other Buddhist cave sites in and around the Dunhuang area, such as the Western Thousand Buddha Caves, Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves, Yulin Caves, and Five Temple Caves. The caves contain some of the finest examples of Buddhist art spanning a period of 1,000 years. The first caves were dug out in AD 366 as places of Buddhist meditation and worship.
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The entrance to the grotto lies only around a metre above the sea level at the foot of the 110-metre-high Capo Caccia cliffs and the cave can therefore only be visited when the waters below are calm. A stairway cut into the cliff in 1954, the 654-step escala del cabirol (goat's steps), leads from a car park at the top of the cliff down to the entrance. The grotto is also accessible via a short boat trip from the port of Alghero; these trips are arranged hourly during the summer, but less frequently during spring and autumn. Two other grottoes lie nearby, the "Green grotto", which is not open to tourists, and the Grotta di Ricami, which is only accessible from the sea.
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200 It describes the initial appearance of Buddhism in Khotan, including the eight major tutelary deities of Khotan, the "self- originated bodhisattvas" of the country, and a description of the major principles of the Śrāvakayāna and the Mahāyāna, though the Mahāyāna is given preeminence. The śrāvakas are depicted as entering the Dharma through the Four Noble Truths, while the Mahāyāna bodhisattvas are depicted as entering through non-conceptualization and the Śūraṅgama Samādhi. After the Tang Dynasty, Khotan formed an alliance with the rulers of Dunhuang. Khotan enjoyed close relations with the Buddhist center at Dunhuang: the Khotanese royal family intermarried with Dunhuang élites, visited and patronized Dunhuang's Buddhist temple complex, and donated money to have their portraits painted on the walls of the Mogao grottoes.
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Thus, near Hermopolis at the southern extremity of this region, the eastern hills approach very near the river, while those on the western or left bank recede to a considerable distance from it. Again, in latitude 29° north, the Libyan hills retire from the vicinity of the Nile, bend toward northwest, and sharply return to it by a curve to east, embracing the province of Arsinoë (formerly Crocodilopolis, now the city of Al Fayyum). Between the hills on which the Pyramids stand and the corresponding elevation of Gebel-el-Mokattam on the eastern bank of the river, the Heptanomis expands, until near Cercasorum it acquires almost the breadth of the subjacent Delta. The Heptanomis is remarkable for its quarries of stone and its rock-grottoes.
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Cascade in gardens of Chiswick House As a landscape designer, Kent was one of the originators of the English landscape garden, a style of "natural" gardening that revolutionised the laying out of gardens and estates. His projects included Chiswick House,Clegg, 1995. p. 47 Stowe, Buckinghamshire, from about 1730 onwards, designs for Alexander Pope's villa garden at Twickenham, for Queen Caroline at Richmond, and notably at Rousham House, Oxfordshire, where he created a sequence of Arcadian set-pieces punctuated with temples, cascades, grottoes, Palladian bridges and exedra, opening the field for the larger scale achievements of Capability Brown in the following generation. Smaller Kent works can be found at Shotover Park, Oxfordshire, including a faux Gothic eyecatcher and a domed pavilion.
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The occasion was a benefit show at London's Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA) on 1 July 1988 at which Bowie had been invited to perform with the avant-garde dance troupe La La La Human Steps. Bowie sang, played and danced with troupe members while in lighted grottoes upstage three musicians (Gabrels on guitar, Kevin Armstrong on guitar, and Erdal Kızılçay on bass) played the new minute score that Gabrels created from the 3-minute song; the new material included drums programmed by Kızılçay. "We went into the studio to rearrange it," said Bowie in a filmed interview; "I like the hard-edged wall of guitar sound that we put into it." Gabrels recalled that early on, they weren't sure who they'd work with.
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In the library's collection are over 35,000 oracle bones and tortoise shells carved with ancient Chinese characters, 1.6 million volumes of traditional thread-bound books, over 16,000 volumes of documents from Dunhuang Grottoes, 12 million volumes of foreign-language books, and dozens of electronic databases. The library started to accept the submissions of official national publications in 1916, becoming the main national database; and began to accept submissions of domestic electronic publications in 1987. It is also the country's ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) Center and Network Information Center. At present, the National Library of China has formed a digital library alliance with some 90 other libraries around the country, making joint efforts in promoting the development and application of China's digital public information service.
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The Stephen Harnsberger House, also known as the Harnsberger Octagonal House, is an historic octagon house located on Holly Avenue in Grottoes, Virginia. The house was built in 1856, three years after the publication of A Home For All, or the Gravel Wall and Octagon Mode of Building by Orson Squire Fowler. Rather than following the tenets of the book, which suggested a radially- oriented plan with functions for every side, the plan of the Harnsberger house is more akin to a traditional double-pile center-hall house of the kind that was prevalent in Virginia at the time. The center hall is flanked by two very deep rooms, with smaller rooms behind, divided from the front rooms by chimneys.
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The house was on a grand scale with high quality finishes and it appears that it was not until 1915 that Samuel Hordern and his family took up residence in their new home, called Babworth House. Its style and location were sure marks of a class of commercial entrepreneurs which had established itself as part of the Sydney social elite. One of Anthony Hordern's sons was Samuel Hordern (1849-1909). His eldest son, (Sir) Samuel Hordern (1879-1956) acquired Mount Adelaide on the Darling Point ridge and created a vast new residence and landscaped setting in a Federation Arts and Crafts style (): formal stairways descended from the porte cochere to sunken gardens and grottoes distinguished by an important botanic collection.
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Babworth's garden is an integral part of the design for the whole estate and, although the estate is reduced in size, the gardens and grounds provide a substantially intact and highly appropriate setting to the grand mansion. The built garden elements such as stairs, balustrades, grottoes and faux-rockwork amplify the scale of the mansion and demonstrate high technical accomplishment by using the same high standard of construction as the house. The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. The Babworth estate, including house, garden and outbuildings, is representative of the large villa estate established by the wealthy elite of Darling Point during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
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1803 painting of English garden's elements The continental European "English garden" is characteristically on a smaller scale and more filled with "eye-catchers" than most English landscape gardens: grottoes, temples, tea- houses, belvederes, pavilions, sham ruins, bridges and statues, though the main ingredients of the landscape gardens in England are sweeps of gently rolling ground and water, against a woodland background with clumps of trees and outlier groves. The name—not used in the United Kingdom, where "landscape garden" serves—differentiates it from the formal Baroque design of the garden à la française. One of the best-known English gardens in Europe is the Englischer Garten in Munich. The dominant style was revised in the early 19th century to include more "gardenesque"The term gardenesque was introduced by John Claudius Loudon.
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Still life of game in a forest Abraham Mignon or MinjonAbraham Minjon biography in:, Arnold Houbraken, De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (1718) (21 June 164027 March 1679), was a still life painter.Abraham Mignon at the Netherlands Institute for Art History He is known for his flower pieces, still lifes with fruit, still lifes in forests or grottoes, still lifes of game and fish as well as his garland paintings.Abraham Mignon, Interior of a grotto with a rock-pool, frogs, salamanders and a bird's nest at Sotheby's His works are influenced by those of Jan Davidszoon de Heem and Jacob Marrel. After commencing his artistic training in his native Germany, he moved to the Dutch Republic where he was active in Utrecht during the last part of his short life.
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Abingdon: Routledge. From 2012–2015, in collaboration with the Dunhuang Research Academy in Dunhuang, China, she directed Pure Land: Inside the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, Pure Land Augmented Reality Edition, Pure Land Henqin and Pure Land UnWired. Another project, ECloud WW1, commissioned in 2012 for Europeana, allows interactive browsing of cultural data from World War I. She also conceived and curated Kaladham/PLACE-Hampi, a permanent museum in Vijayanagar, India, inaugurated in November 2012,Place-Hampi: Inhabiting the panoramic imaginary of Vijayanagara (2013), Heidelberg: Kehrer Verlag and co-directed two installations based on the "Pacifying the South China Sea" scroll, which was displayed at the Hong Kong Maritime Museum in 2013. In 2014, she completed Museum Victoria’s data browser for 100,000 objects: a 360-degree, 3D interactive installation in the museum's galleries.
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The Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo, the Museu de Arte Sacra de São Paulo—Sacred Art Museum, with an impressive Brazilian Baroc Art collection and a giant Nativity Scene from Naples, the Pinacoteca Station Art Institute, and the Centre for Music Studies - Tom Jobim are also in the area. The old building of the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo now holds the State of São Paulo Technical College and the São Paulo Federal Technical School. Jardim da Luz is considered the oldest park and one of the few green areas in the central region of São Paulo. Despite its sculptures and grottoes installed and maintained by the Pinacoteca museum next door, it has an intense movement of prostitutes, a few country music singers, as well as itinerant preachers and peddlers.
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Extensive gardens and grottoes built after 1895 have been undergoing restoration since 2000 and are now open to the public. Five primary schools are located in the area, two of which were created from local Infant and Junior Schools. Durand Primary (with nursery), Ysgol Gymraeg Y Ffin (Welsh- medium education provision for south Monmouthshire), Castle Park Primary (formed from Sandy Lane Infant School and St Mary's Juniors), Dewstow Primary (formally of West End Infants and Green Lane Juniors) and ARW (Archbishop Rowan Williams Church of Wales Primary School) in Portskewett. Caldicot is the nearest town to the Welsh side opening of the Severn railway tunnel, although the nearest station serving the line through the tunnel, Severn Tunnel Junction, is at Rogiet, a village which was developed in modern times largely to service the railway.
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The Tang was also an era of noteworthy earthquakes, including a very severe one in the region in 734. The Tang poet Du Fu visited the site 25 years later, and wrote a poem entitled "Mountain Temples" that probably is a description of Maijishan. It translates: : The Sung Dynasty brought major restoration initiatives to Maijishan so that much of what visitors see today are older grottoes with new or replaced Sung-period sculpture. The most notable change in this period is the shift in emphasis from the Buddha to the bodhisattvas "shown most dramatically in Cave 191 on the extreme western [cliff] face.... "The middle Ming was a period of revival and restoration [remember this is prime earthquake zone]—the last to make any significant mark on Maijishan before the present century.
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Following his beatification, his body was moved from its original burial place in the grottoes below the Vatican to the altar of St. Jerome and displayed for the veneration of the faithful. At the time, the body was observed to be extremely well preserved—a condition which the Church ascribes to embalming and the lack of air flow in his sealed triple coffin rather than a miracle. When John XXIII's body was moved in 2001, it was once again treated to prevent deterioration. The original vault above the floor was removed and a new one built beneath the ground; it was here that the body of Pope John Paul II was entombed from 9 April 2005 to April 2011, before being moved for his beatification on 1 May 2011.
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A painting of the Buddhist Manjushri, from the Yulin Caves of Gansu, Tangut-led Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227 AD) These rammed earth ruins of a granary in Hecang Fortress (), located ~11 km (7 miles) northeast of the Western-Han-era Yumen Pass, were built during the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD) and significantly rebuilt during the Western Jin (280–316 AD).Wang Xudang, Li Zuixiong, and Zhang Lu (2010). "Condition, Conservation, and Reinforcement of the Yumen Pass and Hecang Earthen Ruins Near Dunhuang", in Neville Agnew (ed), Conservation of Ancient Sites on the Silk Road: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Conservation of Grotto Sites, Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, People's Republic of China, 28 June – 3 July 2004, 351–357. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute, J. Paul Getty Trust.
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Working with Haussmann and Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand, the engineer who headed the new Service of Promenades and Plantations, he laid out a plan for four major parks at the cardinal points of the compass around the city. Thousands of workers and gardeners began to dig lakes, build cascades, plant lawns, flowerbeds, trees, and construct chalets and grottoes. Napoleon III created the Bois de Boulogne (1852–1858) to the west of Paris: the Bois de Vincennes (1860–1865) to the east; the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont (1865–1867) to the north, and Parc Montsouris (1865–1878) to the south. In addition to building the four large parks, Haussmann had the city's older parks, including Parc Monceau, formerly owned by the Orleans family, and the Jardin du Luxembourg, refurbished and replanted.
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The Centaur mosaic (2nd-century), found at Hadrian's Villa in Tivoli, Italy. Altes Museum, Berlin On his return from campaigns in Greece, the general Sulla brought back what is probably the most well-known element of the early imperial period, the mosaic, a decoration made of colourful chips of stone inserted into cement. This tiling method took the empire by storm in the late first century and the second century and in the Roman home joined the well known mural in decorating floors, walls, and grottoes with geometric and pictorial designs. There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support.
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In some instances these gods were worshiped at places believed to be where they originated, with indications of grottoes, temples and festivals for them, some of which continue to exist or have been revived. Of course, these gods were worshiped elsewhere in China as well, though perhaps not with the same sense of original geographical location." Furthermore, folk religious sects have historically been more successful in the central plains and in the northeastern provinces than in southern China, and central-northern folk religion shares characteristics of some of the sects, such as the heavy importance of mother goddess worship and shamanism,Overmyer, 2009. p. 15: "[...] Popular religious sects with their own forms of organization, leaders, deities, rituals, beliefs and scripture texts were active throughout the Ming and Qing periods, particularly in north China.
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During the era of the Crusades, it was used to bury the fifty or more patients who died each day in the hospital run by the Knights Hospitaller in Jerusalem.Adrian J. Boas, Archaeology of the military orders, (Taylor & Francis, 2006) page 49. In the 12th century, the crusaders erected beyond the field, on the south side of the valley of Hinnom, a large building now in a ruined condition, measuring seventy-eight feet in length from east to west, fifty-eight feet in width and thirty in height on the north. It is roofed and covers towards the southern end several natural grottoes, which were once used as sepulchres of the Jewish type, and a ditch is hollowed out at the northern end which is sixty-eight feet long, twenty-one feet wide and thirty feet deep.
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In 1495, King Charles VIII and his nobles imported the Renaissance garden style from Italy after their unsuccessful Italian War of 1494–1498. The new French Renaissance garden was characterized by symmetrical and geometric planting beds or parterres; plants in pots; paths of gravel and sand; terraces; stairways and ramps; moving water in the form of canals, cascades and monumental fountains, and extensive use of artificial grottoes, labyrinths and statues of mythological figures. They also featured a long axis perpendicular to the palace, with bodies of water and a view of the whole garden, They were designed to illustrate the Renaissance ideals of measure and proportion, and to remind viewers of the virtues of Ancient Rome. The French kings imported not only the ideas, but also Italian gardeners, landscape architects, and fountain-makers to create their gardens.
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The private parks designed by André include four landscape parks in Lithuania established in Tyszkiewicz nobles' residences: Lentvaris, Trakų Vokė (now in Paneriai elderate of Vilnius city municipality), Užutrakis (near Trakai) and the most beautiful park in Lithuania, the Palanga Botanical Park. These parks have many distinctive features used by André in his parks: harmonious placement and pleasing arrangement of artificial grottoes, waterfalls, mountain-style stone structures, employment of natural water bodies and panoramas. Sefton Park boating lake, designed by André Édouard André succeeded Charles Antoine Lemaire as editor of L'Illustration Horticole in 1870.MBG Rare Books: Author - Lemaire, Charles Antoine He undertook a botanising trip in the foothills of the Andes in 1875-76 that resulted in the introduction of numerous hardy and tender plants new to European cultivation; his researches resulted in a volume on bromeliads, Bromeliaceae Andreanae.
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Manara Cliffs cable car There are six tourist and leisure oriented cable car systems in Israel. These include the cable car in Haifa connecting Bat Galim on the coast to the Stella Maris observation deck and monastery atop Mount Carmel., the cable car in Kiryat Shmona, linking it to Menara 400 meters above the town, the chairlifts and cable cars in the Mount Hermon ski resort in the Golan Heights, the cable car to Masada, near the Dead Sea, enabling tourists to quickly reach the mountain top site, and the cable car at the Rosh HaNikra grottoes site, going down to the chalk cliff and cavernous tunnels on the Mediterranean coast. In addition to that, the Superland amusement park near Rishon LeZion has its own cable car and a public transport-oriented cable car is being developed in Haifa—the Haifa Cable Car.
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The limestone of the Nombre de Dios Grottoes have formed since approximately 160 million years ago during the Late Jurassic, when the region of modern Chihuahua represented the sea floor of the Tethys Ocean. After the sea had slowly shifted and retreated, erosion played a defining factor in the formation of the huge caverns. The caverns were named in the sixteenth century, probably after the city of Chihuahua's Nombre de Dios suburb alongside San Juan Bautista del Norte, established by the Basque adventurer and later governor Francisco de Ibarra during one of his expeditions north of the Mexican state of Zacatecas. Another source claims that the name 'Nombre de Dios' relates to a group of Franciscans, who had travelled and survived a journey to what is now the city of Chihuahua, thanking God when they reached the settlement.
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The caverns were exploited by the Gambusinos - non trained, mineral seekers and small-scale miners, who extracted silver and other precious minerals, though of the poorest quality, from the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. Prior to the official launch of the Nombre de Dios Grottoes Project at the end of the twentieth century, two groups of people were trapped due to poor preparations and died while attempting to explore the caves. Since 1996 professor Manuel Reyes of the Faculty of Engineering of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua made several visits to explore the chambers and do preliminary studies in order to prepare the caverns for public access, which he completed on the 5th July 1999. Organizations involved in the development of the project were the state government, the city hall, and the Autonomous University of Chihuahua.
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An apsara from the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan, China. Arthur Waley (1889-1996) while translating Tao Te Ching (The Way and Its Power) commented: > "I see no reason to doubt, that the 'holy mountain-men' (sheng-hsien) > described by Lieh Tzu are Indian Rishi; and when we read in Chuang Tzu of > certain Taoists who practiced movements very similar to the asanas of Hindu > yoga, it is at least a possibility that some knowledge of the yoga technique > which these Rishi used had also drifted into China." Also, Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren (1760-1842) observes that: > "the name China is of Hindu origin and came to us from India." Some examples of influence by Hinduism on ancient Chinese religion included the belief of "six schools" or "six doctrines" as well as use of Yoga, stupas (later became pagoda in East Asia).
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However, toward the end of her reign she lost popular support due to the influence of the two young Zhang brothers she took as lovers and the resulting corruption in government. When her court officials intervened, they killed the Zhang brothers, Wu Zetian abdicated the next day, and the so-called Zhou dynasty fizzled to an end with the restoration of the Tang.Paludan 1998, 96-101 Nevertheless, some of Wu Zetian's achievements have left their mark on history, such as the emphasis in subsequent Chinese history on merit-based examinations, as well as extant monuments, including huge parts of Longmen Grottoes. Wu Zetian was personally an author and poet, with many surviving works, including sixty-one essays under her name recorded in the Quan Tangwen "Collected Tang Essays" and forty-six poems collected in the Quan Tangshi anthology of Tang poetry.
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Northern Wei wall murals and painted figurines from the Yungang Grottoes The southern dynasties of China were rich in cultural achievement, with the flourishing of Buddhism and Daoism, especially the latter as two new canons of scriptural writings were created for the Supreme Purity sect and its rival the Numinous Treasure Sect. The southern Chinese were influenced greatly by the writings of Buddhist monks such as Huiyuan, who applied familiar Daoist terms to describe Buddhism for other Chinese. The Chinese were in contact and influenced by cultures of India and trading partners farther south, such as the kingdoms of Funan and Champa (located in modern-day Cambodia and Vietnam). Admonitions of the Instructress to the Palace Ladies, a Tang dynasty copy of the original by Gu Kaizhi The sophistication and complexity of the Chinese arts of poetry, calligraphy, painting, and playing of music reached new heights during this age.
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The park contains odd elements such as cement trees, fountains adorned with stalactites, grottoes, covered bridges between sections of land at different levels, and an artificial pond with a cement boat on its bank.Website describing the Villa's park. The property is best remembered for the diverse artistic community that Strohl gathered there, at small chalets in the park. Among the many artists who stayed at the site were Nicola D’Antino; Bruno Barilli; Alfredo Biagini; Amedeo Bocchi; Arnold Bocklin; Anton Giulio Bragaglia; Renato Brozzi; Ercole Drei; Emil Fuchs and his mistress, the painter Barbara Leoni; Vincenzo Gemito; Baldomer Gili i Roig; John William Godward; Virgilio Guidi; Carlo Levi; Arturo Martini; Umberto Moggioli; Ludwig Nick; Cipriano Efisio Oppo; Ilya Repin; the poet Rainer Maria Rilke and his wife in 1903-1904; the sculptor Clara Westhoff; Aleardo Terzi; Francesco and his son Antonello Trombadori; and Mikhail Alexandrovich Vrubel.
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The Eastern Gravettian had a long evolution, featuring several stages of development as documented especially by the settlements in Moldova. The Gravettian has left traces in the Ţara Oaşului and Ţara Maramureşului, the sites of microlite fashioned mainly out of obsidian indicating the connection with the Gravettian in the neighboring regions (Moldavia, South-Carpathian Ukraine, Eastern Slovakia, and Northeastern Hungary). The Late Gravettian covers Banat too, particularly the area of the Porţile de Fier of the Danube, where heads identical to the Laugerie-Basse type heads were discovered in grottoes and open air dwellings. Still in Banat, a culture with several stages of development was identified and subsequently named the Quartzite Upper Paleolithic by its discoverer, considered to be synchronous with the local Aurignacian, later the Gravettian, and regarded as a prolongation of the late stages of the Mousterian with quartz and quartzite tools (Eastern Charentian).
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Sheffield Park Garden, a landscape garden originally laid out in the 18th century by Capability Brown In the 18th century gardens were laid out more naturally, without any walls. This style of smooth undulating grass, which would run straight to the house, clumps, belts and scattering of trees and his serpentine lakes formed by invisibly damming small rivers, were a new style within the English landscape, a "gardenless" form of landscape gardening, which swept away almost all the remnants of previous formally patterned styles. The English landscape garden usually included a lake, lawns set against groves of trees, and often contained shrubberies, grottoes, pavilions, bridges and follies such as mock temples, Gothic ruins, bridges, and other picturesque architecture, designed to recreate an idyllic pastoral landscape. This new style emerged in England in the early 18th century, and spread across Europe, replacing the more formal, symmetrical garden à la française of the 17th century as the principal gardening style of Europe.
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The more famous local caves are at Han-sur-Lesse, one of Rochefort's constituent towns, where the Lesse River disappears at what is called the gap or hole of Belvaux and passes by subterranean passages under the hill called Boeme or Boine. The endeavour to trace the course of the river led to the discovery of the grottoes, which consist of fifteen separate connected "halls" that emerge in a bay of the river from a dark and extensive cavern forming a sort of side creek or bay. Except in flood-time, when the exit has to be used, the entrance is near the point where the river disappears at what is called the gap or hole of Belvaux, and the exit is made by boat from the cavern last described, which leads out to the open river. A beautiful effect for tourists in boats is afforded by emerging from the complete darkness of this cavern into the light.
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Dougong inside the East Hall timber hall of Foguang Temple, built in 857 during the Tang Dynasty Eastern Han (25-220 AD) era architectural model of a watchtower A stone-carved relief above a cave entrance of the Yungang Grottoes (Shanxi province) showing an imitation of dougong brackets, Northern Wei Dynasty (386-535 AD) Dougong () is a unique structural element of interlocking wooden brackets, one of the most important elements in traditional Chinese architecture. The use of dougong first appeared in buildings of the late centuries BC and evolved into a structural network that joined pillars and columns to the frame of the roof. Dougong was widely used in the ancient Chinese during the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC) and developed into a complex set of interlocking parts by its peak in the Tang and Song periods. The pieces are fitted together by joinery alone without glue or fasteners, due to the precision and quality of the carpentry.
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Plan of the gardens from the official guide published for the 1892 season Under the Jennisons, the main priorities for Belle Vue were the zoological and botanical gardens; amusements were provided merely as a distraction. The Jennisons laid out formal gardens in various styles between 1836 and 1898, including mazes, grottoes, an Italian garden, "billiard-table lawns" and constructed Tropical Plant Houses. There were also exotic constructions like the Indian temple and grotto, designed by George Danson, Belle Vue's scenic artist. Built to resemble a ruined temple, it housed snakes and crocodiles as well as flowers. At the end of the 19th century, "the resort relied almost entirely for its attraction on its delightful gardens", but by 1931 the formalism had entirely disappeared. The gardens were also used to stage large political rallies for a wide spectrum of opinion, such as the Great Liberal Demonstration of 1924, at which Lloyd George addressed a crowd of 50,000, the first political meeting at which loudspeakers were used.
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As at 22 September 2003, the grotto and associated stairs, balustrade and retaining walls are ornamental structures created between 1832 and 1835 to embellish the then garden of Elizabeth Bay House, built between 1835 and 1839 by Alexander Macleay (1767-1848), Colonial Secretary of New South Wales (1826-1837). They are surviving remnants of arguably the most sophisticated landscape design of the 1820s and 1830s in New South Wales, which adapted late 18th Century English Landscape and Picturesque Movement ideals (as interpreted by the early 19th century Gardenesque Movement) for the Sydney Harbour topography. The siting of Elizabeth Bay House and the layout of its drives, garden terraces and grottoes was carefully planned to maximise vistas and the dramatic Sydney Harbour topography. The design of the estate employed contrasts between the Greek Revival mansion (Elizabeth Bay House) and its formal placement within a broader Sydney Harbour landscape with the picturesque design and siting of outbuildings and garden structures.
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She also spent one of the brightest periods of history in China as emperor. The importance to history of Wu Zetian's period of political and military leadership includes the major expansion of the Chinese empire, extending it far beyond its previous territorial limits, deep into Central Asia, and engaging in a series of wars on the Korean Peninsula, first allying with Silla against Goguryeo, and then against Silla over the occupation of former Goguryeo territory. Within China, besides the more direct consequences of her struggle to gain and maintain supreme power, Wu's leadership resulted in important effects regarding social class in Chinese society and in relation to state support for Taoism, Buddhism, education, and literature. Wu Zetian also had a monumental impact upon the statuary of the Longmen Grottoes and the "Wordless Stele" at the Qianling Mausoleum, as well as the construction of some major buildings and bronze castings that no longer survive.
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Friedrich made several modifications to the source print Helmut Börsch- Supan, Karl Wilhelm Jähnig: Caspar David Friedrich. Gemälde, Druckgraphik und bildmäßige Zeichnungen, Prestel Verlag, München 1973, (Werkverzeichnis), S. 419, omitting the staffage and aloe trees in the foreground and the olive trees in the right middle ground and turning the lighting from frontal daylight to a background sunset. The rubble to the left was reworked as Elbe sandstone and the trees and shrubs turned into central European examples from Friedrich's homeland, the background mountains were altered, both showing the painter's lack of interest in the ruins' original Mediterranean setting. Altogether his alterations also demonstrate his obedience to Christian Cay Lorenz Hirschfeld's 'Wirkungsästhetik', particularly as stated in the chapter 'Of Temples, Grottoes, Hermitages, Chapels and Ruins' in Theorie der Gartenkunst: Friedrich's adaptations of the source watercolour and print also show the contrast between neo-classicism and romanticism and between classicising tendencies in art and Friedrich's Christian-Romanticism.
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Trebbiano grapes Viticulture was introduced to the Orvieto region by the early Etruscans, who carved out cellar-like caves from volcanic soil that could house wine production with long, cool fermentation and produced the type of sweet wine that was popular in the ancient world.H. Johnson and J. Robinson The World Atlas of Wine pg 181 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 From the Middle Ages to the mid-20th century, the Orvieto region was known for the sweet dessert wine made with the noble rot, Botrytis cinerea. Unlike most botrytized wine, such as Sauternes, where the grapes are introduced to the Botrytis cinerea fungus while they are on the vine, the grapes of Orvieto were exposed to the fungus after harvest, when they packed into crates and barrels and stored in humid grottoes carved out of the tufa stone. Made primarily from the Trebbiano sub-variety Procanico, which produces smaller berries than the Trebbiano used in Tuscan wines, these sweet wines were deep gold in color, described by the poet Gabriele d'Annunzio as "the sun of Italy in a bottle".
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Organs were placed in gardens, grottoes and conservatories of royal palaces and the mansions of rich patricians to delight onlookers not only with music but also with displays of automata – dancing figurines, wing-flapping birds and hammering cyclopes – all operated by projections on the musical cylinder. Other types of water organ were played out of sight and were used to simulate musical instruments apparently being played by statues in mythological scenes such as 'Orpheus playing the viol', 'The contest between Apollo and Marsyas' and 'Apollo and the nine Muses'. The most famous water organ of the 16th century was at the Villa d'Este in Tivoli. Built about 1569–72 by Lucha Clericho (Luc de Clerc; completed by Claude Venard), it stood about six metres high under an arch, and was fed by a magnificent waterfall; it was described by Mario Cartaro in 1575 as playing 'madrigals and many other things'. G. M. Zappi (Annalie memorie de Tivoli, 1576) wrote: 'When somebody gives the order to play, at first one hears trumpets which play a while and then there is a consonance ….
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The itinerary of the museum starts on the mezzanine level of the second floor with the Prehistoric section where a showcase with a "touchscreen" glass contains the Frassasi Venus, a precious statuette which is 28 000/25 000 years old. Worthy of note are some ancient Paleolithic instruments exhibits from Mount Conero which are about 300 000 years old, the Neolithic settlement of Ripabianca di Monterado (6th millennium BC), the Aeneolithic one of Conelle di Arcevia (3rd millennium BC), the twenty five bronze daggers from the depot of Ripatransone (roughly 1800-1600 BC), the Apennine and Subapennine pottery from the Grottoes of the Frassasi gorge (1500-1200 BC) and the Protovillanovian cremation necropolis from Pianello di Genga (1200-1000 BC). Tour then continues up to the third floor to the Protohistoric section where there are findings relating to the Picene settlements during the Protovillanovian Age to the Archaic Age, the Villanovian necropolis of Fermo (8th century BC) and a selection of the most important Picene funerary objects from the princely Orientalizing period, up until the Archaic Age (late 8th to early 6th century BC). During the Orientalizing period, the Picene civilisation adopted oriental social and cultural patterns, partially due to influences from the Etruscan world.
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