Funny moment: When asked about books on his desk, he showed us "Adams v Jefferson" by John Ferling.
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There, Ferling played a wide variety of styles of music, including bel canto, Romantic music, and sacred music. On November 1, 1858, Ferling filed a petition for pension during his forthcoming retirement, citing persistent rheumatism and impairments in the functioning of his lungs: Ferling was granted pension on full salary, which came into effect on January 1, 1859. The only condition of this arrangement was that Ferling would play occasionally if required. Ferling died in Brunswick on December 18, 1874.
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In addition, Ferling composed a clarinet concerto, but it is a lost work, as only fragments remain.
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Ellis and Ferling, for example, do not discuss this stance in reference to Washington's French and Indian War service, and cast it almost exclusively in terms of his negative experiences dealing with the Continental Congress during the Revolution. See Ellis, p. 218, Ferling (2010), pp. 32–33,200,258–272,316.
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Originally published Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 1952. p. 560.Historian John Ferling wrote: "In all likelihood the supposed intrigue never amounted to more than a handful of disgruntled individuals who grumbled to one another about Washington's shortcomings. It is almost certain that Conway never belonged to any cabal, although he doubtless said harsh things about Washington." Ferling, John.
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Jefferson was sure that the two races would be in constant conflict. Onuf and Helo asserted that Jefferson was, consequently, a proponent of freeing the Africans through "expulsion", which he thought would have ensured the safety of both the whites and blacks. Biographer John Ferling said that Thomas Jefferson was "zealously committed to slavery's abolition".Ferling (2000), Setting the World Ablaze, p.
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In 2003 Ferling married the ice hockey player László Orsó. In September 2008 it was revealed that she is pregnant, and as a result she stayed away from handball for the rest of the season. On 5 May 2009 she gave birth to a girl, named Virág. Ferling played her first competitive match after her maternity leave on 6 September 2009 against Siófok KC.
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Ferling was also an accomplished netball player. Predominantly known as a defensive player, she rose to represent the Wide Bay Thundercats in the Queensland State Netball League.
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244Ferling 2009 p. 223 Washington, who advertised his military credentials by attending Congress in uniform,Ferling 2009 p. 85 played a leading role in the military planning.
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Ferling was born in Halberstadt on September 20, 1796. At the age of 18, Ferling began serving as a court musician for the Duke of Brunswick, a position which he would hold for most of his life. From 1814 to 1816, he was a military musician, playing the clarinet. Afterwards, he received a job as the principal oboist of the Brunswick court orchestra, a post which he held for 44 years.
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Coach: Lajos Mocsai 2004 Summer Olympics (Fifth placed) :Beáta Bohus, Ágnes Farkas, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Erika Kirsner, Anita Kulcsár, Zsuzsanna Lovász, Ibolya Mehlmann, Katalin Pálinger, Zsuzsanna Pálffy, Krisztina Pigniczki, Bojana Radulovics, Irina Sirina, Eszter Siti, Tímea Tóth. Coach: Lajos Mocsai 2004 European Championship (Third placed) :Beatrix Balogh, Beáta Bohus, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Gabriella Kindl, Anita Kulcsár, Zsuzsanna Lovász, Ibolya Mehlmann, Ivett Nagy, Katalin Pálinger, Krisztina Pigniczki, Bojana Radulovics, Irina Sirina, Eszter Siti, Gabriella Szűcs, Tímea Tóth. Coach: Szilárd Kiss 2005 World Championship (Third placed) : Beatrix Balogh, Rita Borbás, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Ágnes Hornyák, Fanni Kenyeres, Gabriella Kindl, Mónika Kovacsicz, Ibolya Mehlmann, Cecília Őri, Katalin Pálinger, Eszter Siti, Tímea Sugár, Gabriella Szűcs, Tímea Tóth, Orsolya Vérten. Coach: András Németh 2006 European Championship (Fifth placed) :Beatrix Balogh, Rita Borbás, Zsanett Borbély, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Orsolya Herr, Ágnes Hornyák, Erika Kirsner, Mónika Kovacsicz, Ibolya Mehlmann, Katalin Pálinger, Eszter Siti, Piroska Szamoránsky, Gabriella Szűcs, Tímea Tóth, Orsolya Vérten.
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Ferling had two sons; Gustav (b. 1835), a pianist and oboist, and Robert (1843-1881), who worked at the Staatstheater Stuttgart and was a court musician to Alexander II of Russia.
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Ferling developed her game playing alongside men, something she feels has helped her to teach her where to bowl. In June 2015, she was named as one of Australia's touring party for the 2015 Women's Ashes in England, after a period of injury. In July 2015, Ferling was named as the first signing for the Brisbane Heat in the inaugural Women's Big Bash League. She also played for Northern Districts Spirit in New Zealand during the 2015–16 season.
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Ferling (1989), p. 57 General Forbes, still weak from illness, only briefly visited the site. He completed the return trip to Philadelphia in a litter, and died in March 1759.Lengel, p.
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86 When Congress authorized an invasion of Quebec,Ferling (2010), p. 94 Washington authorized Benedict Arnold to lead a force from Cambridge to Quebec City through the wilderness of present-day Maine.
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On January 6, 1759, Washington married Martha Dandridge Custis, a wealthy Virginia widow.Ellis, p. 39 He had already won election to the Virginia House of Burgesses during the summer of 1758.Ferling (2010), p.
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Washington's statements were a manifesto for his behavior throughout the war and demonstrated his commitment to the republican ideals of a military subject to civilian authority, government answering to the wishes of the governed and sacrifice for the greater good. According to Ferling, "For the first time in his life, Washington was truly committed to an ideal that transcended his self-interest...He had become General Washington, the self- denying and unstinting warrior who was focused on the national interest and on victory."Ferling 2009 pp.
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" He has always been seen, Ferling says, as "honest and dedicated", but despite his lengthy career in public service, Adams is still overshadowed by the dramatic military and political achievements and strong personalities of his contemporaries. Gilbert Chinard, in his 1933 biography of Adams, described the man as "staunch, honest, stubborn and somewhat narrow." In his two-volume 1962 biography, Page Smith lauds Adams for his fight against radicals such as Thomas Paine, whose promised reforms portended anarchy and misery. Ferling, in his 1992 biography, writes that "Adams was his own worst enemy.
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A right-arm fast-medium paced bowler, Ferling made four appearances during the 2013 Women's Cricket World Cup, taking nine wickets at an average of 10.55; placing her second on the bowling averages tables. She was named as the twelfth player in the team of the tournament, selected by an ICC panel. At the age of 14, Ferling made her debut in men's grade cricket in Queensland, and took a hat-trick with her first three balls. She later became the first woman to be named as the Queensland Junior Cricketer of the Year.
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Historians continue to debate whether the odds were long or short for American victory. John E. Ferling says that the odds were so long that the American victory was "almost a miracle".John Ferling, Almost A Miracle: The American Victory in the War of Independence (2009) On the other hand, Joseph Ellis says that the odds favored the Americans, and asks whether there ever was any realistic chance for the British to win. He argues that this opportunity came only once, in the summer of 1776, and the British failed that test.
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Holly Lee Ferling (born 22 December 1995) is an Australian cricketer who made her debut for the Australia national women's cricket team in 2013 and currently plays for the Melbourne Stars and Queensland Cricket in Australia's domestic competitions.
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Franz Wilhelm Ferling (September 20, 1796 – December 8, 1874) was a German oboist, composer, and clarinetist. An accomplished musician, he is chiefly remembered today for his 48 études for oboe, op. 31, which are commonly studied by oboists and saxophonists.
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Ferling 2009 p. 73 The able Doctor, or America Swallowing the Bitter Draught by alt=Cartoon Washington's personal interests were further threatened by the Quebec Act of June 1774, designed to abolish Virginia land speculation west of the Alleghenies.Ferling 2009 pp.
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94 Gordon Wood suggests that it was the idea of the Revolution and the thought that it would bring a utopian society to the new country that made it possible for people to believe they had fallen instead into a time of crisis.Wood (1997). Historian John Ferling argues that, in 1787, only the nationalists, a relatively small share of the population, viewed the era as a "Critical Period".Ferling (2003), p. 293 Michael Klarman argues that the decade marked a high point of democracy and egalitarianism, and views the ratification of the Constitution in 1789 as a conservative counter-revolution.
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Frothingham 1903, pp. 100–101 Under cover of darkness Washington placed his artillery atop Dorchester Heights March 5,Ferling 2003, p. 183 threatening Boston and the British ships in the harbor. Howe feared another battle like Bunker Hill, so he evacuated Boston.
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Ferling 2007, p.117 French foreign minister the Comte de Vergennes was strongly anti-British,Jones 2002, p. 5 and he had long sought a pretext for going to war with Britain since their conquest of Canada in 1763.Hoffman 1981, p.
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Ferling, John. Adams vs. Jefferson. p. 187. Claxton reported his success to Jefferson and offered himself as the purchasing agent for new assets.Claxton to Nicholson, February 14, 1805, and Claxton to Jefferson, March 1, 1805, Coolidge Collection of Thomas Jefferson Manuscripts, Massachusetts Historical Society.
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Ferling, pp. 354–57 The undeclared naval Quasi-War (1798–1800) followed.Smith, p. 130 Federalists, notably Secretary of State Timothy Pickering, accused Gerry of supporting the French and abetting the breakdown of the talks, while Adams and Republicans such as Thomas Jefferson supported him.
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Middlekauff, Glorious Cause, 168; Ferling, Leap in the Dark, 123–24. Most colonists still hoped for reconciliation with Great Britain, even after fighting began in the American Revolutionary War at Lexington and Concord in April 1775.Hazelton, Declaration History, 13; Middlekauff, Glorious Cause, 318.
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Bernadett Ferling (born 13 July 1977) is a former Hungarian handball player who played for Dunaújvárosi NKS and the Hungarian national team. Between 2009 and 2011 she also served as the club president of Dunaújváros. Currently she works as a fitness coach at Dunaújvárosi NKS.
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Later that year Ferling also collected the EHF Champions Trophy. From the mid-2000s, because of their worsening financial situation and parallelly the strengthening of the rivals, Dunaújváros slowly lost their dominant position and eventually hit rock bottom in 2009, when they could not fulfil payments and most of their players left. To save the team from cessation, a new, fully independent board took over the club, led by Ferling, who has taken the presidential role, joined by other loyal players such as Erzsébet Kocsis, who was voted IHF World Player of the Year in 1995, and long-serving playmaker Gabriella Gáspár. She retired in 2015.
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John E. Ferling (born 1940) is a professor emeritus of history at the University of West Georgia. As a leading historian in the American Revolution and founding era, he has appeared in television documentaries on PBS, the History Channel, C-SPAN Book TV, and the Learning Channel.
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Ferling (2010), p. 28 The expedition finally marched off in April 1755, and made extremely slow progress along the road Washington had cut in 1754, owing to the heavy artillery and long baggage train. Braddock and his entourage arrived at Fort Cumberland on May 10.Lengel, p.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 264–265 As Congress provided little military support against the Native Americans, most of the fighting was done by the settlers.Taylor (2016), p. 343 By the end of the decade, the frontier was engulfed in the Northwest Indian War against a confederation of Native American tribes.
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Nora Titone. My Thoughts Be Bloody: The Bitter Rivalry Between Edwin and John Wilkes Booth That Led to an American Tragedy. New York: Simon and Schuster; 2010 [cited September 24, 2011]. . Alexander Hamilton, 1790 Historian John Ferling, in his book Jefferson and Hamilton: The Rivalry That Forged a Nation, makes the same point: that Alexander Hamilton's nonmarital birth spurred him to seek accomplishment and distinction.Discussed by Ferling in a 9 October 2013 lecture on C-SPAN2 Book TV. The Swedish artist Anders Zorn (1860–1920) was similarly motivated by his nonmarital birth to prove himself and excel in his métier."Anders Zorn in the Gilded Age", PBS biography (Colorado Public Television), one hour, 2013.
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Ferling 2007, p. 294 He did not welcome war with France, but he believed that Britain had made all necessary steps to avoid it and cited the British victories over France in the Seven Years' War as a reason to remain optimistic in the event of war with France.Syrett 1998, p.
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This attempt at unified action represented a significant step forward in colonial unity and cooperation. The Virginia House of Burgesses sent a protest of the taxes to London in December 1764, arguing that they did not have the specie required to pay the tax.Weslager pp. 58–59. Ferling p. 33.
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Congress passed the law in 1807.Du Bois, 1904, pp. 95–96.Ferling 2000, p. 288. In 1819, Jefferson strongly opposed a Missouri statehood application amendment that banned domestic slave importation and freed slaves at the age of 25 on grounds it would destroy the union.Ferling 2000, pp. 286, 294.
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Morris emerged as perhaps the most powerful individual in the national government, with some referring to him as "The Financier," or even "The Dictator."Ferling (2003), pp. 235–242 After some of his proposals were blocked, Morris resigned in frustration in 1784, and was succeeded by a three- person Treasury Board.Chandler (1990), p.
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117 To assure assistance from France, independence had to be declared, which was effected by Congress in July 1776.Ferling 2007, p.117 The Americans who had been covertly supplied by French merchants through neutral Dutch ports since the onset of the war, were now also supplied directly by the French government.
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In November 2017, Ferling was a speaker at the National Young Leaders Day in Brisbane and Sydney, motivating young leaders through discussing her experiences as a female cricket player who had faced many setbacks, including several stress fractures. In November 2018, she was named in the Melbourne Stars' squad for the 2018–19 Women's Big Bash League season.
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Ferling 2009 pp. 10–11 As he approached adulthood, Washington learned to ingratiate himself with older, influential figures whose patronage would help him ascend the social ladder.Chernow 2010 p. 28 He spent a year studying surveying, and after gaining hands-on experience accompanying a Fairfax surveying team, the seventeen-year-old Washington was appointed surveyor of Culpeper County.
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One of eight founding WBBL teams, the Brisbane Heat are aligned with the men's team of the same name. On 24 June 2015, Queensland Cricket confirmed Andy Richards would be the Heat's inaugural coach. At the official WBBL launch on 10 July, Holly Ferling was unveiled as the team's first-ever player signing. Delissa Kimmince was appointed as Brisbane's inaugural captain.
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Chernow 2010 p. 603 He professed a desire to spend his remaining days peacefully and quietly, "basking" in adulation according to Ferling, "enduring" it according to Chernow. One of the first American celebrities, Washington was fêted during a visit to Fredericksburg in February 1784 and received a constant stream of visitors wishing to pay homage to him at Mount Vernon.
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A student of Erik Ferling, she attracted attention for her talent. She discontinued her career after her marriage with the vicar Johan Annell of Strängnäs in Sweden, because contemporary norm did not regard it suitable for a married woman of her class to perform in public, and then performed only before her friends in private. She returned to Åbo in 1865.
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Ferling 2009 pp. 246, 255–256Chernow 2010 p. 609 Public matters were never fully out of his mind, and he wished to be seen, as a Georgia public official put it in 1787, as a "politician and States-man" who was always "virtuous and useful".Chernow 2010 p. 605Ferling 2009 p. 246 But, believing he was coming to the end of his life and that his public career was over, he focused his attention on his business interests.Ferling 2009 pp. 245–255 Within a year of returning to Mount Vernon Washington had reached the conclusion that the Articles of Confederation had to be overhauled,Ferling 2009 p. 259 but felt that public opinion was not yet ready to accept a stronger central government until some crisis made it clear such a government was necessary.Ellis 2004 pp.
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Ferling (2010), pp. 34–38 In 1757 Washington renewed attempts to cultivate relations in the army in the hopes of getting a commission. He wrote flattering letters to the new commander in chief, the Earl of Loudoun, and even named one of Virginia's frontier forts after him. However, Loudoun was only in command for one year, and was recalled after a failed expedition against Fortress Louisbourg.
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Upon his return to Williamsburg, Washington, to the surprise of many, tendered his resignation from the Virginia militia. Many of his officers showered him with praise, including the critical Captain Thomas Bullitt. Washington was lauded for his "punctual Obervance" of his duties, the "Frankness, Sincerity, and a certain Openness of Soul", and the "mutual Regard that has always subsisted between you and your Officers."Ferling (2010), p.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 211–212 Despite having fought a common enemy in the Revolutionary War, Spain saw U.S. expansionism as a threat to its empire. Seeking to stop the American settlement of the Old Southwest, Spain denied the U.S. navigation rights on the Mississippi River, provided arms to Native Americans, and recruited friendly American settlers to the sparsely populated territories of Florida and Louisiana.Taylor (2016), pp.
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Ferling (2003), p. 263 While trade with the British did not fully recover, the U.S. expanded trade with France, the Netherlands, Portugal, and other European countries. Despite these good economic conditions, many traders complained of the high duties imposed by each state, which served to restrain interstate trade. Many creditors also suffered from the failure of domestic governments to repay debts incurred during the war.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 253–254 Privileges that the Americans had received because of their membership in the British Empire no longer applied, most notably protection from pirates in the Mediterranean Sea. Neither the Americans nor the British would consistently honor these additional clauses. Individual states ignored treaty obligations by refusing to restore confiscated Loyalist property, and many continued to confiscate Loyalist property for "unpaid debts".
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Campbell gained control of the City at the cost to his forces of seven killed and seventeen wounded; including the four men killed and five wounded during preliminary skirmishing. Campbell took 453 prisoners, and there were at least 83 dead and 11 wounded from Howe's forces. The number of men who drowned during the retreat has been estimated at about 30.Ferling (2009), p.325.
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82; Meacham, 2012, p. 249. Jefferson used agrarian resistance to banks and speculators as the first defining principle of an opposition party, recruiting candidates for Congress on the issue as early as 1792.Ferling, 2013, pp. 221–22. As president, Jefferson was persuaded by Secretary of Treasury Albert Gallatin to leave the bank intact, but sought to restrain its influence.Wood, 2010, pp. 293–95.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 248–252 Historians such as Robert Middlekauff have argued that some members of the national government, including Congressman Alexander Hamilton and Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris, attempted to use this growing dissatisfaction to increase the power of Congress.Middlekauff (2005), pp. 603–604 An anonymous letter circulated among the officers; the document called for the payment of soldiers and threatened mutiny against General Washington and Congress.
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Ferling (2009), pp. 261–262 In 1786, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney of South Carolina led the creation of a grand congressional committee to consider constitutional amendments. The committee proposed seven amendments, and its proposals would have granted the central government the power to regulate commerce and fine states that failed to supply adequate funding to Congress. Congress failed to act on these proposals, and reformers began to take action outside of Congress.
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His resolve to advance peace with France while maintaining a posture of defense reduced his popularity and contributed to his defeat for reelection. Most historians applaud him for avoiding an all-out war with France during his presidency. His signing of the Alien and Sedition Acts is almost always condemned. According to Ferling, Adams's political philosophy fell "out of step" with the way that the country was heading.
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Cyrille Rose adapted 32 of Ferling's études for the clarinet. Ferling is remembered today for his collection of 48 Exercises for Oboe, Op. 31, which are commonly studied by oboists and saxophonists. Published in 1840, there is a complete draft of the studies that dates from 1835, currently housed in the British Library. The 48 studies consist of two études in each key—one slow and the other fast.
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87–89 Although Washington deferred to Congress throughout the war,Ferling 2009 pp. 92–93 the fear of military despotism never fully receded. It regained momentum after victory at Yorktown in October 1781 when, despite the war having been apparently won, Washington retained the army in a state of readiness for the two years it took to conclude a peace treaty and for British troops to leave American territory.Ellis 2004 pp.
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Ferling, 2015, pp. 127–129 Putnam was one of the primary figures at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775, both in its planning and on the battlefield. During the battle, Putnam may have ordered William Prescott to tell his troops, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes." It is debated exactly who said these words first; they are attributed to a number of officers.
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Elkins and McKitrick, pp. 537–38 Adams chose Gerry, over his cabinet's opposition (on political grounds that Gerry was insufficiently Federalist), because of their long-standing relationship; Adams described Gerry as one of the "two most impartial men in America" (Adams himself being the other).Ferling, p. 345 Gerry joined co- commissioners Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and John Marshall in France in October 1797, and met briefly with Foreign Minister Talleyrand.
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Both lived at their husbands' residences. Only Jefferson's younger siblings Elizabeth, Lucy, and the two toddlers, were at home. He drew little comfort from the younger ones, as they did not provide him with the same intellectual engagement as the older sisters had. According to the historian Ferling, while growing up Jefferson struggled with loneliness and abandonment issues that eventually developed into a reclusive lifestyle as an adult.
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Coach: András Németh 2007 World Championship (Eighth placed) : Beatrix Balogh, Rita Borbás, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Orsolya Herr, Ágnes Hornyák, Erika Kirsner, Mónika Kovacsicz, Ibolya Mehlmann, Katalin Pálinger, Piroska Szamoránsky, Gabriella Szűcs, Zita Szucsánszki, Zsuzsanna Tomori, Tímea Tóth, Orsolya Vérten. Coach: András Németh 2008 Summer Olympics (Fourth placed) :Bernadett Bódi, Rita Borbás, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Orsolya Herr, Ágnes Hornyák, Mónika Kovacsicz, Katalin Pálinger, Krisztina Pigniczki, Piroska Szamoránsky, Gabriella Szűcs, Zsuzsanna Tomori, Tímea Tóth, Orsolya Vérten. Coach: János Hajdu 2008 European Championship (Eighth placed) :Barbara Balogh, Bernadett Bódi, Anita Bulath, Anita Görbicz, Orsolya Herr, Ágnes Hornyák, Mónika Kovacsicz, Katalin Pálinger, Melinda Pastrovics, Anett Sopronyi, Piroska Szamoránsky, Gabriella Szűcs, Zita Szucsánszki, Zsuzsanna Tomori, Orsolya Vérten, Melinda Vincze. Coach: Vilmos Imre 2009 World Championship (Ninth placed) : Bernadett Bódi, Anita Bulath, Orsolya Herr, Gabriella Juhász, Anikó Kovacsics, Adrienn Orbán, Melinda Pastrovics, Valéria Szabó, Klára Szekeres, Zita Szucsánszki, Zsuzsanna Tomori, Katalin Tóth, Tímea Tóth, Ágnes Triffa, Orsolya Vérten, Szandra Zácsik.
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In that sense, Washington intention may have been for blacks and whites to live together in Virginia as equal citizens, rather than be deported to Africa or recolonized. Washington's elderly valet-shoemaker slave William Lee was freed outright for his "faithful services during the Revolutionary War." Washington gave Lee a $30 annuity. The historian John Ferling believed that Washington's will was an act of atonement for the life he spent in human exploitation.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 275–278 Though there was not a widespread feeling in the population that the Articles of Confederation needed major reform, the leaders of each state recognized the problems posed by the weak national government. When the Philadelphia Convention opened in May 1787, every state but Rhode Island sent a delegation. Three quarters of the delegates had served in Congress, and all recognized the difficulty, and importance, of amending the Articles.
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Lengel, p. 113 As the siege dragged on, the matter of expiring enlistments became a matter of serious concern.Lengel, p. 114 Washington tried to convince Congress that enlistments longer than one year were necessary to build an effective fighting force, but he was rebuffed in this effort. The 1776 establishment of the Continental Army only had enlistment terms of one year, a matter that would again be a problem in late 1776.Ferling (2010), p.
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Ferling 2009 p. 12 The job was Washington's introduction to politics; it carried a similar status to a doctor, attorney or clergyman, and the patronage of Fairfax facilitated Washington's appointment without requiring him to first serve the usual period as an apprentice or deputy. As well as providing Washington with an income, the job provided an opportunity to speculate in land. By May 1753, he had acquired some 2,500 acres on the Virginia frontier.
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Ferling 2009 p. 79 During Washington's absence, Fairfax County established, without authorization, Virginia's first independent company of volunteer militia. The decision to raise the extralegal force was undoubtedly agreed between Washington and Mason before Washington left for Philadelphia, and it was Mason who convened and chaired the meeting that brought the company into being. Washington played a leading role in raising and equipping various county militias on his return from the congress.
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708 while publicly stating that public life had "no enticing charms" for him and repeatedly expressing a preference to live out his days at Mount Vernon. Although Ferling does not regard Washington's protestation of reluctance to be entirely without truth, it was, he writes, "largely theater", designed to increase his political authority by presenting an image of someone who harbored no personal interest and was only answering his country's call.Ferling 2009 pp.
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Though life in these new lands proved hard for many, the western settlement offered the prize of property, an unrealistic aspiration for some in the East.John Ferling, A Leap in the Dark: The Struggle to Create the American Republic (2003), pp. 257–258 Westward expansion stirred enthusiasm even in those who did not move west, and many leading Americans, including Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay, purchased lands in the west.Nugent (2008), pp.
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Kingaroy has a vibrant sporting life. The town is home to a number of leading sports people including NRL players Chris Sandow and Chris McQueen Wallabies centre/fly-half Berrick Barnes, as well as former Australian cricket test and one day opening batter Matthew Hayden and Southern Stars women's cricket Australian representative bowler Holly Ferling. Kingaroy also has its own golf club, cricket club. Kingaroy Bowls Club has 2 Grass greens and plays on Thursdays and Sundays.
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While finding that the études never had bass lines, Schuring noticed discrepancies between the original and modern editions. Because of this, he set out to publish an edition that was closer to the original, a project which Alfred Music distributed. In addition to publishing several other exercises for oboe, Ferling wrote a double concerto for two oboes, which was discovered in a library in the Strahov district of Prague. The work was premiered in 2001 at the annual International Double Reed Society conference.
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37 The first, Sentiments on a Peace Establishment, advocated a peacetime standing army and state militias subject to standards of organization and training set by national law. In the Circular to the States he argued for a strong national government, writing that there must be "a Supreme power to regulate and govern the general concerns of the Confederated Republic" and that unless "the States...delegate a larger proportion of Power to Congress...the Union cannot be of long duration."Ferling 2009 pp.
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General Sir William Howe Washington realized that Howe "certainly ought in good policy to endeavor to Cooperate with Genl. Burgoyne" and was baffled why he did not do so.John E. Ferling, The First of Men: A Life of George Washington (2010) p. Washington at the time and historians ever since have puzzled over the reason Howe was not in place to come to the relief of General John Burgoyne, whose invasion army from Canada was surrounded and captured by the Americans in October.
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One explanation was that the Articles of Confederation simply failed to protect the vital interests of the individual states. Necessity then, rather than legality, was the practical factor in abandoning the Articles. According to historian John Ferling, by 1786 the Union under the Articles was falling apart. James Madison of Virginia and Alexander Hamilton of New York—they who joined together to vigorously promote a new Constitution—urged that renewed stability of the Union government was critically needed to protect property and commerce.
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25 Governor Dinwiddie was publicly supportive of Washington, but criticized him privately, noting that some of the Virginia Regiment's problems originated in a "want of proper Command".Ferling (2010), p. 26 Dinwiddie assigned command of a follow-up expedition (that never actually reached the Ohio Country) to North Carolina militia colonel James Innes. In another step that may have been calculated to clip the young colonel's wings, Dinwiddie reorganized the Virginia Regiment into separate companies, with no ranks above captain; Washington resigned rather than accept a demotion.
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Text of Exeter Domesday Book of 1086 The text of Exeter Domesday Book of 1086, relating to the manor later known as Molland-Bottreaux, under the heading "The King's Demesne belonging to the kingdom in Devenesscira" is as follows (abbreviations indicated by tildes expanded): > Mollande tempore regis Edwardi geldabat pro iiii hidis et uno ferling. Terra > est xl carucis. In dominio sunt iii carucae et x servi et xxx villani et xx > bordarii cum xvi carucis. Ibi xii acrae prati et xv acrae silvae.
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During the 1800 presidential campaign, the New England Palladium wrote, "Should the infidel Jefferson be elected to the Presidency, the seal of death is that moment set on our holy religion, our churches will be prostrated, and some infamous 'prostitute', under the title of goddess of reason, will preside in the sanctuaries now devoted to the worship of the most High." Federalists attacked Jefferson as a "howling atheist" and infidel, claiming that his attraction to the religious and political extremism of the French Revolution disqualified him from public office. Ferling, John. Adams vs.
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In 2001, David McCullough published a biography of the president entitled John Adams. McCullough lauds Adams for consistency and honesty, "plays down or explains away" his more controversial actions, such as the dispute over presidential titles and the predawn flight from the White House, and criticizes his friend and rival, Jefferson. The book sold very well and was very favorably received and, along with the Ferling biography, contributed to a rapid resurgence in Adams's reputation. In 2008, a miniseries was released based on the McCullough biography, featuring Paul Giamatti as Adams.
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This was extended to 331-6 declared before lunch on the second day, Sarah Elliott completing her maiden Test century. Arran Brindle departed early, but a flowing fifty partnership from Heather Knight and Sarah Taylor put England in the ascendancy. Taylor was dismissed by Holly Ferling as England dramatically slumped to 113-6 and were in sudden danger of being forced to follow on. That they did not was due to a partnership of 156 between Knight and Laura Marsh, which ultimately saw England cede only a lead of 17 to Australia.
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All three players maintained their positions at the top of the rankings at the conclusion of the tournament. At the conclusion of the tournament, an ICC panel selected their team of the tournament. The player of the tournament, New Zealand's Susie Bates, was selected as the team's captain, joined by four English players—Edwards, Brunt, Holly Colvin and Anya Shrubsole—three Australian players—Rachael Haynes, Jodie Fields and Megan Schutt—two West Indians—Taylor and Deandra Dottin—and Eshani Kaushalya of Sri Lanka. Holly Ferling of Australia was selected as the twelfth player.
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Washington was troubled too by the appointment of three of his detractors to the congressional Board of War and Ordnance – among them Thomas Mifflin and Gates, who served as the board's president. Washington became convinced there was a conspiracy to take command of the army from him.Ferling 2009 pp. 152–153 In January 1778, Washington moved to eliminate the "malignant faction".Ferling 2009 p. 157 Publicly, he presented an image of disinterest, a man without guile or ambition. He told Congress his position made it impossible for him to respond to his critics.
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Advancing years, declining health and the attacks of the press ensured Washington's second term would be his last. His final days as president were a whirlwind of social engagements in which he was able to bask in the acclaim of his achievements, though some Democratic-Republicans toasted "George Washington – down to the year 1787, and no further."Ferling 2009 pp. 347–349 His final address to Congress called for an expanded federal mandate and betrayed a Federalist bent that was at odds with his efforts during his presidency to portray himself as non- partisan.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 266–267 Congress met in Philadelphia from 1778 until June 1783, when it moved to Princeton, New Jersey due to the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783. Congress would also convene in Annapolis, Maryland and Trenton, New Jersey before settling in New York City in 1785.Ferling (2003), pp. 254–255 The lack of strong leaders in Congress, as well as the body's impotence and itinerant nature, embarrassed and frustrated many American nationalists, including Washington.Ferling (2003), p. 259 The weakness of Congress also led to frequent talk of secession, and many believed that the United States would break into four confederacies, consisting of New England, the Mid-Atlantic states, the Southern states, and the trans-Appalachian region, respectively.Ferling (2003), pp. 273–274 The Congress of the Confederation was the sole federal governmental body created by the Articles of Confederation, but Congress established other bodies to undertake executive and judicial functions. In 1780, Congress created the Court of Appeals in Cases of Capture, which acted as the lone federal court during the Confederation Period. In early 1781, Congress created executive departments to handle Foreign Affairs, War, and Finance. A fourth department, the Post Office Department, had existed since 1775 and continued to function under the Articles.
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Historian John Ferling, however, maintains that Washington remains the only founder and president ever to be referred to as "godlike", and points out that his character has been the most scrutinized by historians, past and present. Historian Gordon S. Wood concludes that "the greatest act of his life, the one that gave him his greatest fame, was his resignation as commander-in-chief of the American forces." Chernow suggests that Washington was "burdened by public life" and divided by "unacknowledged ambition mingled with self-doubt". A 1993 review of presidential polls and surveys consistently ranked Washington number 4, 3, or2 among presidents.
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" Ferling surmises that Adams may have been encouraged to take the case in exchange for political office; one of Boston's seats opened three months later in the Massachusetts legislature, and Adams was the town's first choice to fill the vacancy. The prosperity of his law practice increased from this exposure, as did the demands on his time. In 1771, Adams moved his family to Braintree but kept his office in Boston. He noted on the day of the family's move, "Now my family is away, I feel no Inclination at all, no Temptation, to be any where but at my Office.
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"Longmore 1988 pp. 168–170 Ferling ascribes Washington's personal motives to a keen sense of history. Washington had shown the legacy he wanted to leave when he posed for Peale's portrait in the uniform he had last worn 13 years previously; command of the Continental Army gave him the opportunity to win further acclaim for a greater cause on a grander stage.Ferling 2009 pp. 88–89 Wood argues Washington took care throughout his life to mask his ambition with an image of disinterestedness and was obsessively concerned not to appear "base, mean, avaricious, or unduly ambitious.
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182–183 Chernow draws attention to the "canny political style" revealed in Washington's instructions to his brother John when he was first considering election to the House of Burgesses in 1755. They showed Washington's belief that "ambitious men should hide their true selves, retreat into silence, and not tip people off to their ambition."Chernow 2010 p. 87 Ferling speculates Washington's concern not to be seen as someone who lusted after power played a part in his hesitation to attend the Constitutional Convention in 1787, a convention that would create the position of president he knew he would be asked to occupy.
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He issued orders for the 2nd New Jersey Regiment and two smaller Pennsylvanian regiments to deploy on the slopes of Perrine's Hill, north of the brook overlooking the bridge; they would be the rallying point for the rest of the vanguard and the position on which the main body would form. Washington offered Lee a choice: remain and command the rearguard, or fall back to and organize the main body. Lee opted for the former and, as Washington departed to take care of the latter, promised he would "be the last one to leave the field."Ferling 2009 p.
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Ferling took the Hungarian league and cup gold that year as well, which was followed by another four domestic championship and cup success until 2004. Next year the Danube-side team entered the EHF Champions League and there was nothing that could prevent them from lifting the most prestigious European trophy. They irresistibly marched through the quarterfinals and semifinals, beating Ikast and Hypo Niederösterreich en route, to face Krim Ljubljana in the finals. Dunaújváros secured a two-goal advantage on the first leg and achieved a 26–26 draw in Slovenia, which was just enough to win the title.
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224–225 Robert Morris, appointed as superintendent of finance in 1781, won passage of major centralizing reforms such as the partial assumption of state debt, the suspension of payments to military personnel, and the creation of the Bank of North America. Morris emerged as perhaps the most powerful individual in the national government, with some referring to him as "The Financier," or even "The Dictator."Ferling (2003), pp. 235–242 In 1783, Morris, with the support of congressmen such as Madison and Alexander Hamilton, won congressional approval of a five percent levy on imports, which would grant the national government a consistent and independent source of revenue.
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Clinton considered making new attacks on Philadelphia, but these ideas never came to fruition. The British also began a wider frontier war organized from Quebec City, using Loyalist and Native American allies. British and French forces engaged each other in the West Indies and in India beginning in 1778, and the 1779 entry of Spain into the war widened the global aspects of the war even further. In 1780, the British began a "southern strategy" to regain control of the rebelling colonies,John E. Ferling, The First of Men: A Life of George Washington (2010) ch 9 with the capture of Charleston, South Carolina.
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This sent the election to the House of Representatives for a contingent election. The Federalists had enough weight in the House to swing the election in either direction. Many would rather have seen Burr in the office over Jefferson, but Hamilton, who had a strong dislike of Burr, threw his weight behind Jefferson.John C. Miller, The Federalist Era 1789–1801 (1960) pp 268-77 Historian John E. Ferling attributes Adams' defeat to five factors: the stronger organization of the Democratic-Republicans; Federalist disunity; the controversy surrounding the Alien and Sedition Acts; the popularity of Jefferson in the south; and, the effective politicking of Aaron Burr in New York.
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The Democratic- Republicans favored decentralization to the state governments, and the party attacked the taxes imposed by the Federalists. The Democratic-Republicans also denounced the Alien and Sedition Acts, which the Federalists had passed to make it harder for immigrants to become citizens and to restrict statements critical of the federal government. While the Democratic-Republicans were well organized at the state and local levels, the Federalists were disorganized and suffered a bitter split between their two major leaders, President Adams and Alexander Hamilton. According to historian John Ferling, the jockeying for electoral votes, regional divisions, and the propaganda smear campaigns created by both parties made the election recognizably modern.
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Americans had long recognized the importance of navigation rights on the Mississippi River, as it was the only realistic outlet for many settlers in the trans-Appalachian lands to ship their products to other markets, including the Eastern Seaboard of the United States.John Ferling, A Leap in the Dark: The Struggle to Create the American Republic (2003), pp. 211–212 Despite having fought a common enemy in the Revolutionary War, Spain saw U.S. expansionism as a threat to its empire. Seeking to stop the American settlement of the Old Southwest, Spain denied the U.S. navigation rights on the Mississippi River, provided arms to Native Americans, and recruited friendly American settlers to the sparsely populated territories of Florida and Louisiana.
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Ferling (2003), pp. 128–129 The Second Continental Congress met in May 1775, and established an army funded by Congress and under the leadership of George Washington, a Virginian who had fought in the French and Indian War.Ferling (2003), pp. 135, 141–144 On July 4, 1776, as the war continued, Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence.Ferling (2003), pp. 175–176 At exactly the same time that Congress declared independence, it also created a committee to craft a constitution for the new nation. Though some in Congress hoped for a strong centralized state, most Americans wanted legislative power to rest primarily with the states and saw the central government as a mere wartime necessity.
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The Apotheosis of Washington, as seen looking up from the capitol rotunda The elitists who ran the Federalist Party were conscious of the need to boost voter identification with their party. Elections remained of central importance but for the rest of the political year celebrations, parades, festivals, and visual sensationalism were used. They employed multiple festivities, exciting parades, and even quasi-religious pilgrimages and "sacred" days that became incorporated into the American civil religion. George Washington was always its hero, and after his death he became a sort of demigod looking down from heaven to instill his blessings on the party.John Ferling, The ascent of George Washington: The hidden political genius of an American Icon (2010).
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Coach: Lajos Mocsai 2001 World Championship (Sixth placed) : Beatrix Balogh, Rita Borók, Rita Deli, Andrea Farkas, Ágnes Farkas, Gabriella Kindl, Erika Kirsner, Anita Kulcsár, Ildikó Pádár, Zsuzsanna Pálffy, Katalin Pálinger, Krisztina Pigniczki, Bojana Radulovics, Beáta Siti, Eszter Siti, Tímea Sugár. Coach: Lajos Mocsai 2002 European Championship (Fifth placed) :Beatrix Balogh, Ágnes Farkas, Anita Görbicz, Erika Kirsner, Anita Kulcsár, Zsuzsanna Lovász, Ibolya Mehlmann, Helga Németh, Ildikó Pádár, Katalin Pálinger, Krisztina Pigniczki, Eszter Siti, Tímea Sugár, Hortenzia Szrnka, Tímea Tóth, Orsolya Vérten. Coach: Lajos Mocsai 2003 World Championship (Second placed) : Beáta Bohus, Ágnes Farkas, Bernadett Ferling, Anita Görbicz, Erika Kirsner, Anita Kulcsár, Zsuzsanna Lovász, Ibolya Mehlmann, Katalin Pálinger, Krisztina Pigniczki, Bojana Radulovics, Eszter Siti, Irina Sirina, Tímea Sugár, Hortenzia Szrnka, Tímea Tóth.
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City Lights was the inspiration of Peter D. Martin, who relocated from New York City to San Francisco in the 1940s to teach sociology. He first used City Lights—in homage to the Chaplin film—in 1952 as the title of a magazine, publishing early work by such key Bay Area writers as Philip Lamantia, Pauline Kael, Jack Spicer, Robert Duncan, and Ferlinghetti himself, as "Lawrence Ferling". A year later, Martin used the name to establish the first all-paperback bookstore in the U.S., at the time an audacious idea. Lawrence Ferlinghetti at City Lights in 2007 The site was a tiny storefront in the triangular Artigues Building located at 261 Columbus Avenue, near the intersection of Broadway in North Beach.
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Both founders were strong advocates for a more powerful central government; they published The Federalist Papers to advocate their cause and became known as the federalists. (Because of his powerful advocacy Madison was later accorded the honorific "Father of the Constitution".) Ferling wrote: Other arguments that justified abandoning the Articles of Confederation pictured the Articles as an international compact between unconsolidated, sovereign states, any one of which was empowered to renounce the compact at will. (This as opposed to a consolidated union that "totally annihilated, without any power of revival" the sovereign states.) The Articles required that all states were obliged to comply with all requirements of the agreement; thus, permanence was linked to compliance. 'Compliance' was typically perceived as a matter of interpretation by each individual state.
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196 While not entirely dismissing an altruistic libertarian ideology, John E. Ferling argues that Washington's militancy was shaped by his proud and ambitious quest for wealth and recognition, and the obstacles placed in the way of that quest by a British ruling class that regarded the colonies as subservient, their inhabitants second class.Ferling p. 70 Paul K. Longmore argues that in addition to the personal grievances accumulated in his career to date, Washington saw a pattern of oppression that betrayed a British intention to keep the colonies in a state of economic and political servitude. Washington's outspoken support for a nonimportation scheme, Longmore concludes, was based on his belief that such a scheme would promote colonial manufacturing, end American economic dependence on Great Britain and reduce the growing debt of Virginia's ruling classes, a debt that was undermining their moral integrity, social authority and political independence.
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141, 148 In November, Washington was hearing rumors of a "Strong Faction" within Congress that favored replacing him with Gates as commander-in-chief.Ferling 2009 p. 139 The congressional appointments of the known critic General Thomas Conway as Inspector General of the Army and of Gates to the Board of War and Ordnance in December convinced Washington there was a conspiracy to take command of the army from him.Ferling 2009 pp. 152–153 Over a winter in which supplies were scarce and deaths from disease accounted for 15 per cent of his force, he battled to keep both the army from dissolution and his position as its commander-in-chief.Ferling 2009 pp. 157–165 He successfully waged a "clever campaign of political infighting"Ferling 2009 p. 171 in which he presented a public image of disinterest, a man without guile or ambition, while working through his allies in Congress and the army to silence his critics.Ferling 2009 pp. 161–164Lender & Stone 2016 p.
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In sitting through the sessions of the Second Continental Congress in a uniform he had designed, Washington was presenting himself as gentleman commander of militia volunteers. When the New York Provincial Congress expressed a widespread distrust of professional standing armies and the fear that he would abuse his position to become a dictator after the war, Washington replied, "When we assumed the Soldier, we did not lay aside the Citizen, & we shall most sincerely rejoice with you in that happy Hour, when the Establishment of American Liberty...shall enable us to return to our private Stations..."Longmore 1988 pp. 178–179 Shortly after arriving outside Boston, he wrote to the Massachusetts Provincial Congress of his intention to sacrifice "all the Comforts of social and political Life, in Support of the Rights of Mankind, & the Welfare of our common Country."Ferling 2009 p. 88 A month after taking command, Washington wrote to Lieutenant General Thomas Gage, commander of the British forces, to protest the treatment of prisoners held by the British.
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