In Israel, Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey the dunam is , which is 1 decare. Before the end of the Ottoman Empire and during the early years of the British Mandate for Palestine, the size of a dunam was , but in 1928, the metric dunam of was adopted, and this is still used.
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Other countries using a dunam of some size include Libya and Syria. The metric dunam is particularly useful in hydrological calculations as 1 dönüm times 1 mm (a unit commonly used for measuring precipitation) equals exactly one cubic meter.
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Shikmona was declared a 1677-dunam nature reserve in 2008. A small area (73 dunams) was declared a national park, as well.
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The Dubai Statistics Center and Statistics Centre Abu Dhabi use the metric dunam (spelt as donum) for data relating to agricultural land use. One donum equals 1000m2.
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Performing Arts Center. A palm avenue in Sportek Herzliya. Sportek Herzliya is a 120 dunam sports outdoor compound in Herzliya, Israel. It is one of Herzliya's main attractions.
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In 1968 a 68-dunam nature reserve was declared on the land south of the moshav. Flora includes Mt. Atlas mastic trees (terebinth), Valonia oaks, Palestine Oaks, Buckthorns, and Styrax officinalis.
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In 1889 Schneller acquired 1,235 acres (5,000 dunam) in Bir Salem (today Kibbutz Netzer Sereni) in order to develop an agricultural school and land for settlement for his students and graduates. In 1906 another 890 acres (3,600 dunam) was added to the original parcel. Although the agricultural school did not materialise, the grain, fruits and vegetables produced by the farm supplemented the orphanage diet during the food shortages of World War I.Ben-Arieh (1979), pp. 450–451.
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In Revivim, vegetable harvests were rich, but much water was required to maintain the crops (275 m3 per dunam in for corn and 360 m3 for radish and beet), therefore making the venture unprofitable. Orchards were planted at low density (about 4 trees per dunam) of olives, peaches, apricots, almonds and pomegranates. Many of them froze in the winter or did not grow due to excessive water salinity. The most successful were dates, olives and pomegranates, which could grow on saline water.
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500 Dunam on the Moon is a 2002 documentary film directed by Rachel Leah Jones about Ein Hod, a Palestinian village that was captured and depopulated by Israeli forces in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
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In 2002-2003, French Hill had a population of 6,631. Giv'at Shapira had a population density of 10.9 persons per dunam (10,900 people/km²), while Tzameret HaBira was less crowded, with 4.7 persons per dunam (4,700 people/km²). The population is mostly Jewish, including a large number of immigrants from South America and the former Soviet Union.Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem, 2002-2003 Jerusalem, Israel: Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies; ISSN 0333-9831 In recent years, an increasing number of Arabs have been buying apartments in the neighborhood.
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The cave is now open to visitors, in the heart of the 67-dunam Avshalom Nature Reserve, declared in 1975. In 2012, a new lighting system was installed to prevent the formation and growth of algae.
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This section covers approximately 2,700 dunams. The 500-dunam visitors reserve features wading pools filled with natural spring water. Due to ecological concerns, the hidden reserve is closed to the public apart from tours on Fridays.
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The village occupied an area of 3,617 dunams, all private except for a dunam of public property. In 1944–45 the village had 640 dunams of land used for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics.
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Southwest of the kibbutz is an 8-dunam nature reserve established in 1968 to protect flora and fauna native to the Sharon plain. Flora includes Ceratonia siliqua, Calicotome villosa, Thymelaea hirsuta, Prasium majus, Anagyris, and Lavandula stoechas.
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Just west of the moshav is a 100-dunam nature reserve, declared in 1968. The reserve is a remnant of the natural state of the Sharon plain, rich in flora that grows well in iron-rich soil.
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The Jewish National Fund established a 45-dunam nursery in Eshtaol to supply saplings for JNF forests. Later, the moshav branched out into poultry and other agricultural enterprises. At the end of the 1990s, the moshav absorbed 100 new families.
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The above- ground remains before the excavations included the medieval city wall and moat, enclosing an area of about 90 dunam, a Crusader castle with a double- wall system with an area of about 4 dunam, a port with built jetties and a sheltered anchorage, protected by a sandstone reef. Large amounts of pottery were recovered in the area surrounding the city, mostly of the Byzantine and early Islamic period, indicating that the city extended significantly beyond its old walls in the 7th century. A large Roman-era villa maritima was uncovered to the south of the site.
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The village was named for the biblical town of Ataroth believed to be located nearby. In 1925, Atarot was joined by Neve Yaakov, creating a bloc of Jewish settlement in the area. In 1931, the British Mandatory government expropriated 200 of the 375 dunams to construct a small airfield, in the process demolishing homes and uprooting fruit orchards, and harming the village's growth. The PLDC sold more of the land such that the moshav members were left with only 14 dunam per plot, while 30 dunam was considered to be the minimum necessary for sufficient income.
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The quarter-acre (one-dunam) area was thought to be part of a larger network of quarries extending from Musrara to Sanhedria, from which the giant stones used by King Herod in the construction of the Second Temple (first century BC) were hewn.
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During his tenure in Office for the years of 2013-2018, the city grew by 21,000 dunam which meant it doubled its size. This was done by an agreement with a municipality near by to pass land in order for Rahat to grow.
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The cave is part of a 14-dunam nature reserve, declared in 1967, that bears its name. The reserve is home to Palestine Oak (Quercus calliprinos) and Quercus infectoria oak trees, Hawthorn trees (Crataegus azarolus aronia), Dog Rose (Rosa canina) bushes, and Sternbergia bulb flowers.
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South of the kibbutz is a small (11 dunam) nature reserve of Balanites aegyptiaca trees, called the Hurshat Zakum (Maoz Haim) reserve, declared in 1968. Zakum is the Hebrew name of the tree. This is probably the northernmost occurrence of these trees in the world.
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A number of agricultural experiments were also conducted, which would pave the way for future agriculture in the arid region. In Beit Eshel, attempts were made to grow wheat, barley, oatmeal and legumes. It was concluded that growing these crops in the summer was not possible in that region, but the winter cultivation proved successful, by 1944 yielding 60 kg of wheat and 90 kg of barley per dunam (compared to 11.5 and 13.7, respectively, in the nearby Arab villages). A similar success was recorded in Gvulot, which yielded 61.5 kg of wheat, 75 kg of barkey, 86 kg of oatmeal and 98 kg of peas per dunam.
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In 1965, an 84000-dunam nature reserve was declared. An additional 1199 dunams were declared part of the reserve in 2005. It is the highest reserve in Israel, at an altitude of 1208 meters above sea level, and the largest reserve in the north of the country.
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North-east of the moshav are an ancient tell and springs - remnants of the Valley's swamps - that were declared a 45-dunam nature reserve, in 1979. Atop of the tell, a monument was erected in honor of the moshav's founders and those who fell in Israel's wars.
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Most of the stream is part of a nature reserve that bears its name. The reserve, declared in 1972 covers 7650-dunam and part of it reaches the Israel-Lebanese border. In 2009, 1225 dunams were added to the reserve. Flora in the area includes Nerium oleander, Platanus orientalis, and Adiantum capillus-veneris.
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Tel Zeror was first excavated in 1928 by John Garstang, who spent a single day at the site. It was the first proper tel in the Sharon Plain to be excavated. In the 1960s, a Japanese expedition spent three seasons uncovering a fortified, 50-dunam city, and returned in 1974 for an additional season.
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Negev Mountains is a mountainous area in the north-western part of the Negev desert, in Israel. Mount Ramon is the summit of Negev Mountains and the highest point in southern Israel, reaching . Most of the area belongs to Negev Mountains Nature Reserve, the largest reserve in Israel. Its area is about 1,045,000 dunam.
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In May 2010, a group of Israeli settlers torched "an 11-Dunam olive orchard in al-Rababa valley, in Silwan, south of the Old City of Jerusalem" which included the destruction of three olive trees that were over 300 years old. In a 2011 New York Times article, these attacks were called "price tag" attacks.
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Former Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon allowed Leket Israel volunteers to pick oranges from his 15-dunam orchard in Ramot HaShavim near Kfar Saba. He was approached by the organization after one of its scouts spotted the unharvested fruit. Researchers have found that more than one-third of Israeli children live below the poverty line.
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As a result, they approved the construction of a permanent presidential residence on a 10-dunam plot in Talbiya. A competition for the architectural design was launched in 1964 and limited to Israeli architects. Of some 200 entries, the design submitted by Jerusalemite architect Abba Elhanani was selected. Beit HaNassi was inaugurated in 1971 by President Shazar.
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In 1965, a 28-dunam nature reserve was declared, preserving the Apple-ring Acacia (syn. Acacia albida) trees that grow on the site. This is the northernmost occurrence of these trees in Israel. The Apple-ring Acacia, native to Africa and the Middle East, is used for nitrogen fixation, erosion control for crops, for food, drink and medicine.
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In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Mazarie' al-Nubani had a population of 611 Muslims,Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramallah, p. 17 increasing in the 1931 census to 864 Muslims, in 193 houses.Mills, 1932, p. 50. The 1945 statistics found 1,090 Muslim inhabitants with a total of 9,631 dunam of land.
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A 46-dunam nature reserve was declared in 1968, just east of the moshav. The reserve covers part of the second (middle) Kurkar ridge that runs on a north-south axis in this part of the Israeli coastal plain, and therefore includes a number of ancient rock-hewn tombs and burial caves. Flora includes Ziziphus spina-christi and Pancratium parviflorum.
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It occupies an area of 0.126 km² (126 dunam), which is 14% of the Old City's total. In 2007, it had a population of 2,424 (6.55% of Old City's total). In both criteria, it is comparable to the Jewish Quarter. The Armenian Quarter is separated from the Christian Quarter by David Street (Suq el-Bazaar) and from the Jewish Quarter by Habad Street (Suq el- Husur).
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The territory fell to the control of the Islamic Kanem Empire under Sultan (or Mai) Dunama (Dunam) II (r. 1221-1259). Thousands of cavalry subdued the area (known as Mabina) during this period. Under Kanem control, a governor presided over Mabina from the Kanem capital. The area was also nominally under the control of the kaigama, the Kanem military commander and ward of its southern provinces.
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Schornstein moved to Beit HaKerem, Jerusalem and founded the "Bird Garden". In 1947 he moved to Netanya, where the local municipality gave him a plot of half a dunam for a petting zoo. In 1949 Schornstein fell ill and moved to live with his son at one of the moshavot in the Sharon. He died at the end of October, 1949, at the age of 80.
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In 1994, a 950-dunam nature reserve was declared close by, to the north. The reserve is home to Valonia oak trees (Quercus macrolepis) and Palestine oak (Quercus calliprinos). Other flora in the forest includes terebinths (Pistacia terebinthus), storax trees (Styrax officinalis), carobs (Ceratonia siliqua), buckthorns (Rhamnus palaestinus), and Judas trees (Cercis siliquastrum). Most of the reserve is open for experimental grazing by cattle from the moshav.
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Arrows in the field drawing depict the directions of the brigade's attack and the canal crossing by the 247th Paratrooper Brigade. The drawing was made in the wheat field of Kibbutz Ein Harod (Ihud) in the Jezreel Valley. The drawing covered a 300 meter by 250 meter area, equivalent to 75 dunam (18.5 acres). Four different strains of wheat were planted, each of a different shade.
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The moshav was founded in 1949 by refugees from Tripoli in Libya, including Ben-Zion Halfon, later a member of the Knesset. Hatzav is founded on the lands of the depopulated Palestinian village of Al-Masmiyya al-Kabira. It is split into two parts; the farming area and the "Yellow Squares" section. The latter consists of half-dunam plots for construction of dwellings for new residents.
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The Bisan City tourist village is a pleasure garden located in the northern part of Gaza. The 270 dunam leisure park includes a new wedding hall, gardens, soccer fields, an Olympic-size swimming pool a 19-hectare zoo, playgrounds, and restaurants. 6,000 people are said to visit every weekend; some arrive in buses subsidized for by the government. On arrival, the passengers pay admission fees.
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After living for some time in tents, a wooden hut was built where all the families lived together. They were obliged to attend Sunday meetings and send their children to the missionary school, but most of the colonists remained practicing Jews. In 1895, the Bulgarian Hibbat Zion movement bought the 5,000-dunam farm from the London Jews Society and renamed it Har-Tuv (lit. Mountain of Good).
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The Hadera Water Park, located between Givat Olga and the power plant, is a 750-dunam park that holds a 40-metre-wide creek banked by a 1.3-km-long promenade. A dam is being constructed where the water park meets the Coastal Highway and is supposed to prevent the rehabilitated section of the stream from being polluted by water from the watercourse itself.
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The agricultural grounds of Mikve Israel cover over 2,200 dunams (out of a general area of 3,300 dunams). Most of the fields are irrigated using wells and include field crops, industrial crops, vegetables, fruit trees, orange groves and greenhouses. The school also raises animals including milk cows, chickens and honey bees, as well as having auxiliary branches including computerized agriculture. One dunam (0.1 hectares) is covered by greenhouses.
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The Palestine Index Gazetteer classified the village as a hamlet and during the British Mandate the British built a police station. The inhabitants mainly earned their living from the cultivation of vegetables. In the 1945 statistics Ed Darbashiya had a population of 310 Muslims, with a total of 2,883 dunam of land. Of this, they used 2,763 dunums for plantations and irrigable land,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics.
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Six firefighters and several volunteers were injured in the fire, although the main damage was caused to the ecosystem. About 3200 dunam (790 acres) were of natural forest areas, which caused considerable damage to the flora and wild life. The fire killed a significant portion of the animals who used to live in the region. A herd of roe deer perished completely in the flames as did 18 wild goats.
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The principle of this slow steady establishing of "facts on the ground" before the adversary realizes what is going on, is colloquially known as "dunam after dunam, goat after goat". The model applied to the West Bank was that used for the Judaization of the Galilee, consisting of setting up a checkered pattern of settlements not only around Palestinian villages but in between them. In addition to settlements considered legal, with government sponsorship, there are some 90 Israeli outposts (2013) built by private settler initiatives which, though illegal even in Israeli terms, are defended by the IDF. From the mid-1990s to 2015 many of these, such as Amona, Avri Ran's Giv'ot Olam and Ma'ale Rehav'am – the latter on 50 dunams of private Palestinian land – were directly funded, according to Haaretz, by loans from the World Zionist Organization through Israeli taxpayer money, since its approximate $140 million income derives from Israel and is mostly invested in settlements in the West Bank.
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The villagers' request that Israel allow their leaders, who had fled to Amman, to return and negotiate on their behalf, was turned down by Dayan. Israel offered monetary compensation for the destruction of homes and the expropriation of lands. One committee leader, the father of Abu Gaush replied: > "We will not accept all the money in the world for one dunam in Imwas, and > we will not accept one dunum in heaven for one dunam in Inwas!" According to his son, he was told by his Israeli interlocutors that he had three choices: to share the fate of Sheikh Abdul Hameed Al Sayeh, the first Palestinian to be exiled by Israel after the beginning of the 1967 occupation, after he spoke up for the inalienable right of return of Palestinians; or he could choose to go to prison, or, finally, he could suck on something sweet and keep quiet; In all cases no one was allowed to return.
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Lapid was established in 1996. According to B'Tselem, it was built on a strip of land designated no man's land inside the Green Line. Before the Six-Day War in 1967, this territory did not belong to either Jordan or Israel.Land grab: Israel's Settlement Policy in the West Bank Btselem According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated 441 dunam of land from the Palestinian village of Saffa after 1967 for the construction of Lapid.
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Mamilla Pool, mid-19th century The neighbourhood of Mamilla is located within the northwest extension of the Hinnom Valley, which extends from the southwest corner of the Old City along the city's western wall. The neighbourhood is bounded by the Jaffa Gate and Jaffa Road to the east and north, the downtown and Rehavia neighbourhood above it to the west, and Yemin Moshe's upward slope along its southwestern edge. Its total area is 120 dunam ().
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Herodion. Tekoa was established in 1975 as a Nahal outpost in the vicinity of the Palestinian village of Tuqu'. In 1977 it was handed over to civilian residents.Nahal settlements [Hebrew] It is named after the hometown of the Biblical prophet Amos, whereupon the neighbouring settlement of Nokdim indicates his profession (shepherd) - see . Tekoa is built on 1071 dunam of land which Israel confiscated from the Palestinian citizens of Tuqu'. Tuqu’ Town Profile, pp.
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Kiryat Shaul Cemetery () is a 320-dunam (32 hectares) Jewish burial ground in Northern Tel Aviv near the neighborhood of Kiryat Shaul. On the east side of the cemetery is a large military cemetery. Founded in 1943, it includes more than 80,000 graves, including those of Israeli political and cultural figures. Due to lack of space, since 1991, the Yarkon Cemetery has been serving as the main cemetery for the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area.
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Shikmona Coastal Park and Promenade Haifa Shikmona coast is a narrow strip of about 80 dunam, divided by the rail way from park Hecht. Shikmona coast is a National Park and a Marine Nature Reserve. Tel Shikmona is located at the north end of the park. Much effort was taken to preserve the existing coastal flora, as well as to reintroduce the local flora which had been typical of this area in the distant past.
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Located on high ground and surrounded by a high stone wall, the orphanage's distinctive onion-dome tower, multistory buildings, and decorative facades exuded the power and influence of European Christians in Jerusalem in the mid-19th century. Continuous building and land acquisitions increased the size of the orphanage grounds to nearly 150 acres (600 dunam) by World War I.Chinkis, Binyamin. "A Peek Behind the Gates of the Schneller Compound". Hamodia Israel News, 2 July 2009, pp. A22–A23.
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The upper story of the building was rebuilt in stone. Building and expansion continued up to World War I, by which time the orphanage occupied 150 acres (600 dunam) of land. The Schneller grounds reached all the way to present-day Romema, where Schneller planted forests on land that eventually housed the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo. The orphanage's holdings were gradually reduced to 17.5 acres with the sale of land to the new neighborhoods of Mekor Baruch and Kerem Avraham.
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Hecht Park "Hecht Park" of about 75 dunam, is the largest intensive park in Haifa and is a component in the sequence of Haifa's coastal promenade. The park includes varied flora areas and emphasized the use of natural flora matching the existing coastal flora of the area. Furthermore, in the park there are wide lawns for public use. The park addresses a diverse target of users: families, children, adults, open air sports, bicycle riders, joggers etc.
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The Armenian Quarter is located in the southwestern corner of Jerusalem's Old City. The quarter can be accessed through the Zion Gate and Jaffa Gate. According to a 2007 study published by the International Peace and Cooperation Center, the quarter occupies an area of 0.126 km² (126 dunam), which is 14% of the Old City's total. The Armenian Quarter is formally separated from the Christian Quarter by David Street (Suq el-Bazaar) and by Habad Street (Suq el-Husur) from the Jewish Quarter.
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Efrat (), or previously officially Efrata (), is an Israeli settlement established in 1983 and a local council in the Judean Mountains of the West Bank. Efrat is located south of Jerusalem, between Bethlehem and Hebron, east of the Green Line, inside of the Security Barrier. The settlement stands at an altitude of up to above sea level and covers about 6,000 dunam (1,500 acres). The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.
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In 1970, the city Jerusalem was connected to Israel's national water system, and pumping from the spring was stopped. The remains of the Mandate-era pumping station and pipes can still be seen within the nature reserve. The area around the spring was declared a Nature Reserve in 1968, was fenced and requires entry fees. The area of the nature reserve was increased to 28,000 dunam in 1988, and access of the local Bedouin shepherds to spring has been blocked.
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Hatzerim On October 11, 1989, a Syrian MiG-23MLD defected to Israel, landing at Megiddo. The aircraft was afterwards flown by IAF's Flight Test Center and is now on display in the IAF museum in Hatzerim. In April 2006, Jezreel Valley Regional Council announced that an international airport will be constructed in Megiddo in cooperation with a number of authorities. The new airport will be located on a 400 dunam (400,000 m², 100 acres) site and construction is to cost $35 million.
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Mekor Haim 1926 The funds donated to Hovevei Zion by Haim Cohen were transferred to the Jewish National Fund, which purchased 120 dunams of land on the southern fringes of Jerusalem. Mekor Chaim was established in 1926 by the religious Zionist Mizrahi movement. It was planned as a village of 20 small farmsteads, and was built along one main street which developed parallel to the railway line. Each family received a two-dunam plot for a house, garden and orchard.
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The imam of the mosque was a resident from nearby Umm az-Zinat, but was eventually replaced by an imam from Haifa.Benvenisti, 2000, p. 76 In the 1945 statistics, it had a population of 550 Muslims. Abu Zurayq had a total land area of 6,493 Turkish dunams, most of which—4,401 dunams—were privately owned by Arabs; the remainder was public property. Of the land, 4,092 was used for grains, the village's principal crop, 282 for plantations and irrigated land, and one dunam for citrus and bananas.
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According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated 393 dunam of land from the nearby Palestinian town of Taybeh in order to construct Rimonim in 1977.Et Taiyiba Town Profile (including Badiw al Mu’arrajat Locality), ARIJ, p. 21 Rimonim was first established in 1977 (20 Shevat 5737) as a temporary pioneer Nahal military outpost. Three years later in 1980 (on 4 Tishrei 5741), it moved to the current location, demilitarized and turned over to residential purposes non- religious Jewish Israelis with help from the Amana settlement organization.
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Rothschild 22 Tower () is a 29-story Israeli skyscraper reaching 117.9 meters in height, with an additional 9-meter tall decorative mast, and which covers an area of 1.9 dunam. The tower, serving as office space and as a hotel, is located at 22 Rothschild Boulevard, Tel Aviv, on the corner of Nachalat Binyamin street. Built from 2010 to 2014, the tower was constructed on the plot which previously was the location of the Beit ZIM building, which was destroyed in a fire in the year 1966.
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Botanical Garden along the Dead Sea coast The kibbutz operates a 100 dunam (10 ha, 24.7 acre) botanical garden housing over 900 plant species from around the world. It is the only populated botanical garden in the world, with 500 residents.Dead Sea Ein Gedi Botanic Garden Botanic Gardens Conservation International The garden joined the register of the Botanic Gardens Conservation International in 1994, and today is recognized by the National Geographic Society as "the 11th wonder of the world." The garden includes date palms and Arecaceae, tropical and desert flora.
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Large Roman or Byzantine-era dressed, stone blocks make up the base of the tomb's southern wall. The ruins surrounding the tomb cover an area of one dunam. Other ruined structures include a cistern about 50 meters south of the tomb and a cistern about 100 meters to the southeast. The French geographer Victor Guérin, who visited the area in 1878, referred to the tomb of Sheikh Hureish, writing that on "a high hill with steep slopes we saw a Sheikh's tomb called Waly Kheish, to where local people comes as pilgrims".
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Steps in Har NofHar Nof is a terraced neighborhood on the slopes of a mountain that sits 813 meters (2667 feet) above sea level. Due to the topography, many of the multi-storey apartment buildings have entrances on both sides of the building – one to reach the lower floors, and another to reach the higher floors. Some streets are connected by long flights of stairs. At the foot of Har Nof lies the 1,200 dunam Jerusalem Forest (Yaar Yerushalayim), planted in the 1950s as a green lung around the city.
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The tower in December 2016 In May 2011, the Azrieli Group acquired the land plot for ILS ₪ 522 million via tender from the Israel Land Administration. The plot's size is 9.4 dunam and had a plan for a high office building with a volume of for office use and for commercial use. In 2012 the Azrieli Group appealed the Regional Committee for Planning and Construction of the Tel Aviv District, asking to transfer to increase the area for commercial use. The committee accepted the request, but demanded that an eighth garage floor will be built.
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A dispute erupted between the people of the young kibbutz and the Arabs of the area over a portion of the lands of the settlement, especially concerning a plot that was called the "600 dunam". In the summer of 1947, the Arabs attacked a group of kibbutz members engaged in agricultural work in the disputed area, and a squad of Notrim was summoned from Masu’ot Yitzhak under the command of Moshe Jakobovits. On the heels of a riot that erupted, the British police were summoned and separated the belligerents.
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Carmit is a new community in the northern Negev of Israel within the jurisdiction of Meitar located near Cramim Forest. The community was founded for olim from North America. A neighborhood for ultra-orthodox Jews was also planned. In 2005 the District Planning and Building Commission of the Southern Region approved the construction of 739 housing units for Carmit's Phase A. Residents moved into the first neighborhood during 2013, with the community eventually intended to comprise over 2,500 housing units, each on an area of 1/8 acre (1/2 dunam).
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Concerts and Events During each year the Keshet Eilon local music hall holds a music series which includes string ensembles, recitals, choirs and folk music. A Campus for the Keshet Eilon Music Center A campus of the Keshet Eilon Music Center is about to be built on a 28 dunam (7 acre) plot, allotted by Kibbutz Eilon. This enterprise will offer new employment opportunities, stimulate cultural tourism with year-round roster of music events, and attract new residents all year long. The new music center's urban building scheme has already been authorized and construction is soon to begin.
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153 It was a program of the practicalist movement in early Zionism, particularly in the decade before the start of World War I. The PLDC worked to purchasing land, to train Jews in agricultural pursuits, and to establish Jewish agricultural settlements in Palestine. By the outbreak of World War I it had purchased about 50,000 dunam (about 4600 hectares) of land. It was attempting to purchase nearly 3 times that amount in the Jezreel Valley, however the outbreak of the war prevented it from making such a purchase. It became an Israeli public company in 1953.
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On 21 March 1948, Moshe (Mosh) Zilberschmidt assumed command of Gush Etzion. In early May, he redesigned the defenses of the four settlements of the Bloc, and divided the Bloc into three defensive sectors. Moshe Jakobovits was name commander of the western sector, in addition to his position as regional commander of Masu’ot Yitzhak. Under his command was a company composed of defenders of Masu’ot Yitzhak and Revadim, responsible for the defense of the two settlements and the adjacent command posts: "the Fifth Point," "Giv’at Olga," "the 600 Dunam," and "Giv’at Hasla’im" ["Boulder Hill"] that connected Masu’ot Yitzhak to Kfar Etzion.
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Adjacent to the castle ruins is the Latrun Monastery, founded in 1890 by Trappist monks dedicated to Our Lady of the Seven Sorrows. Opposite the monastery off of Highway 3 is Yad La-Shiryon, the Israel Armored Corps Memorial Site and Museum and Mini Israel, an Israel-themed miniature park. Directly east of the interchange on Highway 3 are the ruins of the ancient Roman city of Emmaus Nicopolis and the former site of Imwas, an Arab village which was destroyed as a result of the Six-Day War. Further east is the 7,000 dunam Ayalon-Canada Park.
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Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Taybeh have been under Israeli occupation. In 1986, the Charles de Foucauld Pilgrim Center funded by the French Lieutenancy of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher opened in the village. After the 1995 accords, 35% of village land was classified as Area B, the remaining 65% as Area C.Et Taiyiba Town Profile (including Badiw al Mu’arrajat Locality), ARIJ, p. 20 According to ARIJ, Israel has confiscated 393 dunam of land from Taybeh for the construction of the Israeli settlements of Rimmonim, and 22 dunams for Ofra.Et Taiyiba Town Profile (including Badiw al Mu’arrajat Locality), ARIJ, p.
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In June 1938 the municipality acceded to the request, and allocated a two and a half dunam on the Portalis grove site – nowadays next to the current location of the municipality building, but in that time, a hill so distant from the city, that he requested to be allowed to advertise the location of the zoo, for free, on municipal billboards and buses. On November 25, 1938, Schornstein handed over ownership of all the animals owned by him to the Zoo Society, in exchange for their transfer to the new location, and provisioning for them. Schornstein himself was promised the position of the zoo director.
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In the 1920s, several kibbutzim were established in the Bat Galim neighborhood on Haifa Bay in the wake of British Mandatory budgeting for development of the area.Haifa Bay in the 1920s With the coast of Palestine lacking a modern harbor, the British authorities drew up plans for new port facilities. The Haifa Bay Development Company, founded in February 1925 to further these plans, could not recruit the necessary capital, so the transaction was made by the Palestine Land Development Company. The land was purchased from the Sursock family, which had bought it from the Ottoman government in 1872. The 45,000 dunam tract was known as the Jidro lands.
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Leshem (Hebrew: לֶשֶם) is a religious Israeli settlement, which is also organized as a community village in western Samaria. It is located on Route 446, about 25 km (16 miles) east of Tel Aviv and about 37 km (23 miles) northwest of Jerusalem. Leshem is neighbored by the Israeli settlements of Alei Zahav, Peduel, Bruchin, Beit Aryeh-Ofarim, the archeological site of Deir Samaan, and the Palestinian villages Rafat, Kafr ad-Dik, and Deir Ballut. Leshem settlement rises to a height of 360 meters (1181.1 feet) above sea level and is stretched across two hills, the eastern hill and the western hill which altogether cover about 497 dunam (122.811 acres).
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To this end, he had gotten Herzl's approval (Salz had bought 10,000 Dunam Land from Edmond Rothschild in Paris in 1897 without previous consultation, which contradicted the clear decision of the Congress); ten years later, the settlement had to be abandoned again. At the 8th Congress in August 1907 (The Hague, Chaim Weizmann, for the first time, the proposal of a Synthetic Zionism ), he was re-elected into the Grand Action Committee. In 1907 (in ) and in 1911 (in several constituencies) he ran unsuccessfully for the Reichsrat. As early as the beginning of 1897, Herzl had thought of joining him, together with Leon Kellner , in the Reichsrat and propagating Zionism there.
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As of 2009, Wadi Musa's population was 17,085, with a male-to-female sex ratio of 52.1 to 47.9 (8,901 males and 8,184 females), making it the most populous settlement of the Petra Department. As of the 2004 census, Petra Department, which includes Wadi Musa and 18 other villages, had a population of 23,840 inhabitants. The population density of the town was 2.3 people per dunam, or , and the population growth rate was 3.2%. Most of the town's population belongs to the Layathnah tribe, whose members play leading roles in the region's economy and politics and dominate the local tourism industry since the 20th century.
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Hebron settlers plan to build 1,000 units in new neighborhood. Amos Harel and Nadav Shragai, Haaretz, 19 November 2002 On 29 November 2002 the Israel Defense Forces issued the "Decree Number 61/02/T to Expropriate Property" with the purpose to expropriate an 8.2 dunam large area in Hebron and to create a 6 to 12 meter wide corridor linking the Jewish settlement in Hebron with Kiryat Arba. According to the American administration and Israeli sources close to the planning, the aim of the expropriation of the land and the building of the promenade was to create territorial contiguity between Kiryat Arba and Hebron.Pernicious promenade.
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The Byzantine or Morean stremma continued to vary depending on the period and the quality of the land, but usually enclosed an area between .Siriol Davis, "Pylos Regional Archaeological Project, Part VI: administration and settlement in Venetian Navarino", Hesperia, Winter, 2004 It was originally also known as the "plethron" but this was eventually replaced by "stremma", derived from the verb for "turning" the ground with the simple Byzantine plow.Λεξικό της κοινής Νεοελληνικής (Dictionary of Modern Greek), Ινστιτούτο Νεοελληνικών Σπουδών, Θεσσαλονίκη, 1998. The old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma is the Greek (and occasionally English) name for the "dunam", which probably derived from the Byzantine unit.
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During Israel's 2008-09 offensive against the Hamas government in the Gaza Strip, 13 houses in al- Fukhari belonging to a total of 85 people, mostly members of the extended Amouri and Eid families, were destroyed by the Israeli Army according to a Human Rights Watch report. The Amouri family claimed that 30 dunams of their olive trees were razed while the Eid family reported that a large part of their 20-dunam wheat farm were flattened by Israeli military vehicles. Just outside al-Fukhari, the Abu Sita concrete factory and 13 company vehicles were also destroyed. HRW concluded the factory and its equipment had been bulldozed by the Israeli military.
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In his article, Buying the Emek, Arthur Ruppin described the vicissitudes of this purchase: :In order to execute this plan the Jaffa office communicated with Messrs. Kalvariski and Joshua Hankin. The latter, then a young man of twenty-five had already demonstrated his skill in such negotiations in the acquisition of land for the colonies Rehoboth and Hederah. By energetic work he succeeded, in 1891, in reaching an agreement with large owners in the Emek Jezreel and the Plain of Acco for the purchase of 160,000 dunams [160 km²] at 15 francs per dunam [15,000 franc/km²]....Before the consummation of the agreement, however the Turkish Government, alarmed by the increasing inflow of Russian Jews, prohibited Jewish immigration entirely.
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The 700 year-old Palestinian village of Ayn Hawd was captured by Israeli forces in the 1948 war. The village was depopulated, most of its residents sent to refugee camps in Jordan and the West Bank. In 1953, Marcel Janco, a Romanian painter and a founder of the Dada movement, decided to "preserve" the village, transforming it into a Jewish artists' colony, turning the mosque into a cafe/bar, and renaming it Ein Hod. 500 Dunam on the Moon tells the story of the village founded by Abu Hilmi, one of the original inhabitants, who, after the expulsion, created a "new Ayn Hawd" on what used to be his pastureland in the hills, only 1.5 kilometers away.
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The Abattoir tract is a 254 dunam piece of land that is included in the H-500 scheme. The land was expropriated from private owners in 1961 further to authority obtained by the Mayor of Holon in accordance with the Land Ordinance for the establishment of a regional abattoir and associated industrial facilities. To that end a joint company was established by the Tel Aviv and Holon Municipalities (80% Tel Aviv and 20% Holon) in order to promote the venture and bear its costs, including the compensation payable to the private landowners. Further to the expropriation proceedings, in 1966 a town planning scheme (H-142) for the construction of an abattoir and associated industries was approved.
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The house was built to serve as his home by the Christian Arab architect Andoni Baramki in 1932, on one dunam of property purchased from the Turjman Jerusalemite family in the Musrara district.Salim Tamari, Ihsan Salih Turjman, Year of the Locust: A Soldier's Diary and the Erasure of Palestine's Ottoman Past, University of California Press, 2011 p.18. The Baramki family was forced to flee as refugees, after a stray bullet almost killed the architect's wife while she was sitting in her living room, during the 1948 Palestinian exodus'Gabi Baramki: Intellectual and Defender of Education,' IMEU 29 January 29, 2015. during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and ended up in the Gaza Strip.
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Boombamela features many performing bands on several sound stages, during the day as well the night, and dance clubs which operate around the clock. A great variety of music genres can be heard at the festival, including reggae, trance, hip-hop, Indian Ragas, and rock. The festival grounds, sprawling over hundreds of dunam, are divided into villages (such as the spiritual village, where people may rest in a tent and listen to the teachings of Indian Gurus) and areas (for example, the performance area or the camping area), and there are also restaurants, shops and bathroom and shower facilities. Apart from the publicly stretch of seashore, there is a sequestered nudist beach and a family beach, which are not adjacent.
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In January 2004 as a part of a government Abu Basma plan to find a solution to the scattered unrecognized Bedouin communities in the Negev, Bir Hadaj was officially recognized by the government as a Bedouin town and along with 8 other villages, it became part of the now defunct Abu Basma Regional Council. It was planned as a rural-agricultural village so when created, each local family was offered a free land lot (5 dunam) in the newly recognized town. They were provided with municipal services, such as water, electricity, sewage, schooling and health services. According to Akiva Bigman of Mida magazine, as of 2012 (a decade after the approval of the outline plan), no family has purchased land and settled in accordance with Israeli law.
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After a lapse of over a decade, in 2014, the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) has renewed excavations in the lots with attested Jewish ownership, which extends over a 6 dunam area.Nir Hasson, 'Israeli Government Funding Dig in Palestinian Hebron, Near Jewish Enclave,' Haaretz 9 January 2014 This third wave of excavation was undertaken above Admot Yishai and between the Palestinian homes, with the intention of creating an archaeological parkland. The new excavations began as a result of a settler initiative, which had been turned down by several prominent Israeli archaeologists, but was accepted by Emanuel Eisenberg of the IAA and David Ben-Shlomo of Ariel University, in a project that secured state funding.Yifa Yaakov, State funding archaeological dig in heart of Hebron, The Times of Israel, 9 January 2014.
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Samarian hills, 2011 Itamar is situated east of the Israel-Westbank separation barrier, 28 kilometers from the Green line in the region known as "Gav Hahar" (Hump of the Mountain). Its municipal boundaries extend in a south-east diagonal over an area of some 7,000 dunam including several outposts, the furthest of which is about eight kilometers from Itamar. Itamar and its outposts partly encircled the small Palestinian village of Yanun, and block the development of the Palestinian town of Beit Furik, according to a report by Israeli human rights organization B'tselem. In the 1990s, Itamar seized the surrounding hills, establishing the outposts The Point in 1996, Hill 836, Hill 851 and Giv'ot Olam in 1998, Hill 777 and Hill 782 in 1999, and in 2002 Itamar North.
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By the late 19 century, cash crops in the region were being rapidly expanded to the extent that by 1914 there were 475 thousand dunam of olive groves (about 47.5 thousand hectares or 112 thousand acres) across the area that is now Israel and the Palestinian territories. In the late Ottoman period before the First World War, olive oil produced near Nablus was hard to export due to its relatively high acidity, high price and limited shelf-life. During the British Mandate era, production of olives more than doubled from the 1920s to the 1940s. After the occupation of Palestine, Israeli forces targeted olive trees as a primary form of land acquisition and began to uproot Palestinian olive trees in 1967, with an estimated 830,000 olive trees uprooted between 1967 and 2009.
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"The origin of the expulsion – A Brief history of Palestinian Susya", Rabbis for Human Rights 25 June 2012 In 1982 an Israel settlement planner, Plia Albeck, examined the area of Susiya, the synagogue and the Palestinian village built on and around it, and finding it legally difficult to advance Jewish settlement, wrote: > "The [ancient] synagogue is located in an area that is known as the lands of > Khirbet Susya, and around an Arab village between the ancient ruins. There > is a formal registration on the land of Khirbet Susya with the Land > Registry, according to which this land, amounting to approximately 3000 > dunam [approximately 741 acres], is privately held by many Arab owners. > Therefore the area proximal to the [ancient] synagogue is in all regards > privately owned.""The 'Mother of the Settlements' recognizes Susya", Rabbis > for Human Rights 25 May 2015.
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2008] According to Nature and Parks Authority, the rapid spread of the settlement located along the northern boundary of the nature reserve Holot Mashavim, is threatening the existence of the reserve.Omri Gal, Permission to speak, a magazine, In The Roads Of The CountryNature and Parks Authority Not all Bedouins agree to move from tents and structures built on the state lands into apartments prepared for them. About 60% of Bedouin citizens live in permanent, planned villages, while the remainder live in homes considered by illegal by the state and are subject to demolition and an absence of basic services. According to the Israeli NGO Regavim (NGO), a part of the scattered Bedouin community of Bir-Hadaj has settled on 1,900 dunam (~470 acres) of private land owned by Jews and continue to settle outside the regulated community on Jewish-owned land.
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Tara logo Tara () is an agricultural cooperative (co-op) in Israel specializing in milk and dairy products. It is the leading private dairy producer in Israel and the second largest dairy processor after Tnuva. Tara was created in 1942 by dairy farmers from the Tel Aviv neighbourhood of Nahalat Yitzhak and the surrounding area, in order to unite under one organization that would represent them with regard to the British mandatory authorities and concentrated purchasing of fodder rations as well as selling the agricultural produce. The name apparently was decided by the British clerk when the co-op representative came to register the firm did not have a name. A warehouse for fodder as well as a refrigeration room to keep milk on the Shabbat was built on a half-dunam (500 m²) plot of land.
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In 1920, pioneers from Degania Alef founded kibbutz Degania Gimel south of Degania Bet at the site of the future kibbutz Beit Zera. Separately, another group of Jewish pioneers from Germany and Austria, who belonged to the Blau- Weiss movement and had prepared for their task at the Markenhof Farm from southwest Germany near Freiburg, was established in 1921 in Petah Tikva. In 1922 Degania Gimel was disbanded and its residents moved to the Jezreel Valley where they founded kibbutz Ginegar. In 1926 the Markenhof group moved to the Galilee and settled at Umm Juni, the place where Degania Alef once started from at the end of 1909. The community founded in 1926 was a kvutza, was first known as Markenhof or Kfar Gun, was financed at least in part by Keren Hayesod, was allotted 1,500 dunam of land, and had (either in 1926 or in 1933) 38 inhabitants.
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In 1994, Jones began her career in documentary filmmaking, working as a line producer and assistant director on multiple films, working primarily on films by Duki Dror, among them the award-winning Raging Dove; and films by Simone Bitton, including the film Wall, which won the Special Jury Award at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival, among other international awards. The first documentary feature directed and co-produced by Jones was 500 Dunam on the Moon in 2002, which tells the story of Ein Hod, a Palestinian village that was captured and depopulated by Israeli forces in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The film was screened at international film festivals, including the San Francisco Jewish Film Festival, Human Rights Watch Film Festival and the Austin Film Festival. It won the Jury Award for best documentary at the Festival de Trois Continents, and was broadcast on France 2 television.
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Ylenia Gostoli, 'Archaeology of a dispossession,' Qantara.de 27 April 2015. According to Rabbi for Human Rights, in 1948, the preexisting population was augmented by an influx of Palestinian refugees who had fled during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War from the area of Ramat Arad, who subsequently purchased land in the area.'The origin of the expulsion – A Brief history of Palestinian Susya,' Rabbis for Human Rights 25 June 2012 After coming under Israeli civil authority in 1982, an Israel settlement planner, Plia Albeck, examined the area of Susiya, the synagogue and the Palestinian village built on and around it, and finding it legally difficult to advance Jewish settlement, wrote: > “The [ancient] synagogue is located in an area that is known as the lands of > Khirbet Susya, and around an Arab village between the ancient ruins. There > is a formal registration on the land of Khirbet Susya with the Land > Registry, according to which this land, amounting to approximately 3000 > dunam [approximately 741 acres], is privately held by many Arab owners.
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15 There are frequent reports of violence by Israeli settlers towards Palestinian farmers during the annual olive harvest. However, from 2007, when a group of Israeli activists — Rabbis for Human Rights — agreed to protect the farmers during the harvest, attacks temporarily came to an end.Harvesting Unlikely Allies MSNBC. 2007-11-14. According to Ghassan Daghlas, who monitors West Bank settlements, on 10 July 2013 Israelis from the Itamar settlement used chainsaws to cut down thousands of the villagers' olive trees in a 600-dunam olive grove maintained by 25 Awarta families in an area north of their town.Settlers cut down 1,150 olive trees in Nablus Sami, Iyad N’am ‘Awwad, a local teacher, stated that the affected area has been isolated from the rest of the village by the erection of two Itamar security fences.Israeli Setters Chop Down Some 1,155 Palestinian Olive Trees in ‘Awarta, 18، Jul 2013, Al-Haq In 2010, two cousins from Awarta, Salah Qawariq, 18, and Muhammad Qawariq, 19, were killed by an Israeli (IDF) soldier who emptied his magazine, shooting them 29 times. The autopsies reveal that both had been shot at close range.
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