One winner is Dino Mannari, a Donjon Marine crewman, who reveals a jellyfish on his bicep and an octopus wrapping his forearm.
|
|
The Chesapeake 1000, which was built in 1972 and is owned by Donjon Marine of Hillside, N.J., was used more than 20 years ago for another project over the F.D.R. Drive at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Mr. Zegler said.
|
|
Two additional series (Donjon Antipodes − and Donjon Antipodes +) explore the distant past and the far future of the other series.
|
|
Donjon de Vire The Donjon de Vire (Vire Keep) is a ruined building situated in the commune of Vire in the Calvados département of France. The keep is the main vestige of an 11th-century castle.Ministry of Culture: Ruines du donjon . Retrieved 8 February 2019.
|
|
The Donjon de Houdan The Donjon de Houdan (Houdan Keep) is a medieval fortified tower in the commune of Houdan in the Yvelines département of France.
|
|
Records indicate that a stone foundation base existed from at least 1627, but the Tokugawa government never authorized the construction of a donjon tower. The present donjon is a modern reconstruction based on artists assumptions on what a Keichō period (1596–1615) donjon should look like.
|
|
The area, containing remnants of moats, earthen works and a well, became a park in 1955. The current donjon was reconstructed in 1979 to boost local tourism. It was built adjacent to the earthen foundation of the original donjon. The Edo period donjon was a two-story, two-roofed structure; however the current structure is not historically accurate, and has three interior floors.
|
|
Le Donjon is a commune in the Allier department in central France.
|
|
In 1998, the tugboat was purchased by Donjon and renamed Atlantic Salvor.
|
|
JPG File:France Loir-et-Cher Lavardin chateau donjon 04.JPG File:France Loir-et-Cher Lavardin chateau donjon 05.JPG Above the door can be seen the arms of Jean VII of Bourbon-La Marche, count de Vendôme from 1372 to 1393.
|
|
Several sources, including Doperé and Ubregts, strongly suggest that it was knight Daniel who transformed the former fortified house into a mighty castle at about 1300. It included a large Donjon and five subsequent canals with an enormous drawbridge of in length. The Donjon tower is still preserved and is believed to be the oldest part of the current Bouchout Castle. This military Donjon has two levels and a platform.
|
|
Coolhill Castle is a keep (donjon) and National Monument located in County Kilkenny, Ireland.
|
|
Neuilly-en-Donjon is a commune in the Allier department in Auvergne in central France.
|
|
The donjon, the major defensive component of the castle, measures approximately 30 metres in height and 13.6 metres in diameter. It is the typical of the donjons being built by Philip Augustus at this time (e.g. Rouen), and by French nobility through the 13th century. The donjon separated from the castle by its own ditch The conception of the geometric pattern and isolated donjon was similar to that of the castle of the Louvre.
|
|
At the four corners are cylindrical towers 20 m in diameter (originally 40 m in height). Between two towers on the line of approach was the massive donjon (keep). The donjon was the largest in Europe, measuring 35 meters wide and 55 meters tall.
|
|
I've even hired spiritualists to come and cut their didoes in the towers and donjon keep.
|
|
The inner yard of the palace and its wooden stair galleries During the second phase, two wings were added, and on the southern side a 6-storey ( high) donjon was built. The donjon had movable gates which separated the palace from the castle. The donjon was used for several functions; besides serving as another defensive structure, it had a chapel and living quarters. It was linked to the multi-storey Ducal Palace, which had an inner yard.
|
|
In December 1672, an application was made to the Tokugawa shogunate for permission to rebuild the castle, stating that there was not even a single functional gate and that the 4-story donjon had fallen into ruins. The reconstructed donjon burned down in 1842 and was not rebuilt.
|
|
Saint-Didier-en-Donjon is a commune located in the Allier department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (central France).
|
|
Donjon (French for "keep") is an independently published role-playing game by Clinton R. Nixon, published by Anvilwerks.
|
|
The donjon was still a royal prison during the 17th century. There is a museum of local history.
|
|
On top of the hill, an elaborate framework of timber formed a platform, on which the donjon was constructed. The donjon itself was 9 meters wide by 11 meters long, and stood three floors high. The castle was listed as one of the Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles in 2017.
|
|
The gaolers obeyed, and soon the merchant and isoline disappeared with them in the depths of the subterranean donjon.
|
|
Much of the second bailey is now occupied by residential housing, and only a portion of the moats, strong ramparts and foundation of the donjon survive. A Shinto shrine, the Obama Jinja is now located near the site of the donjon. In 1956, the site of Obama Castle was designated a prefectural historic site.
|
|
File:France Loir-et- Cher Lavardin chateau escalier 03.JPG File:France Loir-et-Cher Lavardin chateau donjon 02.JPG File:France Loir-et-Cher Lavardin chateau donjon 03.JPG On the arch supports can be seen the armorial bearings of Louis II d'Anjou (1384–1417) and the countess of Vendôme, Alix de Bretagne (deceased in 1377).
|
|
The word dungeon comes from French donjon (also spelled dongeon), which means "keep", the main tower of a castle. The first recorded instance of the word in English was near the beginning of the 14th century when it held the same meaning as donjon. The proper original meaning of "keep" is still in use for academics, although in popular culture it has been largely misused and come to mean a cell or "oubliette". Though it is uncertain, both dungeon and donjon are thought to derive from the Middle Latin word domimus, meaning "lord" or "master".
|
|
Where the castle includes a particularly strong tower (donjon), such as at Krak or Margat, it projects from the inner enceinte.
|
|
The castle from the XVth century consists of a quadrangular donjon with machicolation, two spiral staircases, one being into a turret.
|
|
The appearance of the donjon before its destruction in 1944 is known from old photographs. The image has been flipped horizontally. The main entrance to the castle was just above the village and consisted of two successive gatehouses. The first was on the path up from the church and the second was just to the east of the donjon.
|
|
Unlike Mardakan Castle, the natural location of Ramana Castle is different; it is on the rocks. The strong tower walls supposedly are a natural continuation of rocky slopes. There is an arch in the eastern wall of the tower. There is a strong rectangular donjon on the walls of the castle like a donjon of the Mardakan Castle.
|
|
Some design similarities are noted with the contemporary castle at Boulogne-sur-Mer, France that was also constructed without a central donjon.
|
|
And land ownership was sold to local Shinto shrine. In 1980, the Imabari City government constructed the new donjon tower in the castle.
|
|
A sort of fortified farmstead existed at this time. A ring wall encompassed several wooden buildings in the area of the later donjon.
|
|
In 1632, while under control of the Miyake clan, the tenshu (donjon) was demolished in error by Horio Torizane, who had confused ambiguously-worded orders by the shogunate with a command to rebuild the keep of Kameyama Castle in Tanba Province. Despite the error, the shogunate refused permission to rebuild the donjon. From 1644 and 1648, Honda Toshitsugu received permission to build a yagura on the raised base of the former donjon. Named the "Tamon-yagura", this is one of the few surviving structures of the castle and was declared a historic site by the prefectural government in 1953.
|
|
Similarly, medieval Spanish writers called the buildings torre del homenaje, or "tower of homage." In England, donjon turned into dungeon, which initially referred to a keep, rather than to a place of imprisonment.King, p.190 While the term remains in common academic use, some academics prefer to use the term donjon, and most modern historians warn against using the term "keep" simplistically.
|
|
The isolated keep defended the gateway and drawbridge between the inner ward and outer bailey. The castle is based on Savoyard models where one of the corner towers is enlarged and isolated. This independent structure served as both corner tower and keep or donjon, like at Dourdan, France. Flint's keep has been compared to the donjon at Aigues-Mortes, France.
|
|
Gaston Fébus (Gaston III of Foix and Gaston X of Béarn) added a brick donjon (keep), known as la tour Billère [the Tower of Billère].
|
|
Only in rare cases the donjon stands independent of other structures. Generally it is connected to smaller watch towers called yagura, either directly () or via a in which case the style is called . Matsumoto Castle has both styles, renketsushiki in the northwest and fukugōshiki in the southeast. At Himeji Castle three watch towers, four connecting galleries and the main donjon enclose a small courtyard.
|
|
The ruins of the donjon at Château d'Ivry-la-Bataille The Château d'Ivry-la- Bataille is a ruinous Norman castle in the town of Ivry-la-Bataille in the Upper Normandy region. It is among the earliest examples of a stone donjon or keep, which would become a common feature of later Norman castles in various parts of Europe. The construction of the donjon dates to around 1000 AD;Gravett, Christopher (2004), Norman Stone Castles (2): Europe, 950-1204, Osprey Publishing, (p. 12) it was constructed by an architect named Lanfred (or Lansfred, Lanfrai) under the orders of Count Rodulf of Ivry (French: Raoul d'Ivry).
|
|
The village of Crupet is noted for its grotto dedicated to Saint Anthony of Padua, the Château de Crupet, a moated medieval donjon, and its windmills.
|
|
A second bridge leads into the inner courtyard. Built on 10th century foundations, the donjon was mainly built in the 13th century and renovated in 1500.
|
|
The castle was built without a donjon, but utilised a three-story yagura in its place. At its height, the castle had 17 yagura and 24 gates.
|
|
Glasgow : John Tweed. The original meaning of the term 'donjon' referred to the mound or motte, not the dungeons.Mackenzie, W. Mackay (1927). The Mediaeval Castle in Scotland.
|
|
The site of the donjon and the second bailey is a public park, and a history museum is located within the precincts of the former third bailey.
|
|
Having been founded as a seat for the royal court of James of Mallorca, its structure combines the needs of a palace with defensive elements. The most notable feature in its structure is its circular shape, unique in Spain. Both its surrounding wall and the inner yard are so-shaped, and so are the three minor towers and the donjon. A moat is found surrounding the castle and its donjon.
|
|
On the contrary, in the eleventh and twelfth centuries the first bailey was massively expanded to the west and strengthen with a new, secondary donjon. Later a second outer bailey was added as well. The palace complex thus grew to cover an area of almost 20 hectares. In addition, the fortifications were strengthened by new ditches and towers and major additions were made to the central buildings of the donjon.
|
|
The Counts of Zähringen built large donjon like residence towers such as Thun Castle. The Counts of Kyburg built their castles with massive stones, visible in Kyburg Castle.
|
|
Among the 12 remaining main towers, the donjon at Inuyama Castle is designated as a National Treasure of Japan, as are Matsumoto Castle, Hikone Castle and Himeji Castle.
|
|
From 1284 to 1935 the Constable of Flint Castle served ex officio as the Mayor of Flint. The constable's residence was, prior to its destruction, in the donjon tower.
|
|
Apcher Castle is a feudal castle. It is situated in a village called Prunières, 3 km from Saint Chély. Now, it is a ruin, the donjon alone is intact.
|
|
Two broad types of design emerged across France and England during the period: four-sided stone keeps, known as Norman keeps or great keeps in English – a donjon carré or donjon roman in French – and circular shell keeps.Viollet-le-Duc, p.77. The reasons for the transition from timber to stone keeps are unclear, and the process was slow and uneven, taking many years to take effect across the various regions.Brown, p.36.
|
|
These remnants are well preserved, and consist of a surrounding wall and a donjon which forms part of the wall partially surrounded by water. The wall dates from the beginning of the 13th century and the main building shortly thereafter. The castle was damaged heavily around 1570 during the Eighty Years' War, and partially restored thereafter. The donjon was partially burnt in 1675 and after which decay set in, and further parts were gradually demolished.
|
|
On 18 October 1356, a powerful earthquake shook the Rhine rift; the donjon collapsed onto the eastern and southeastern buildings. Beginning about 1370, large-scale reconstruction and expansion of the castle took place. The donjon was demolished, the entrance to the keep relocated and the northern shield wall was closed and raised. The entrance to the castle is now in the southwest corner, where it is protected by the south tower and an inner bailey.
|
|
In 1240, Peter II sent a castellan to Romont to build a castle and found a village. The main castle (Grand Donjon), with a typical Savoy square floor plan, was completed before 1260. The original castle partially collapsed in 1579 and was rebuilt by Fribourg in 1591. Another castle with a round tower, formerly known as the Petit Donjon, but now known as Boyer-tower was built around 1250–1260, most likely by Peter II.
|
|
Dungeon Early Years (Donjon Potron-Minet, literally Dawn) describes the events leading up to the creation of the titular dungeon, with art by Christophe Blain, Christophe Gaultier and Stéphane Oiry.
|
|
Dungeon Zenith (Donjon Zénith) portrays the golden age of the world of Terra Amata . The first four books are drawn by Lewis Trondheim, and from book five onwards by Boulet.
|
|
The castle sits 615 meters above sea level. The site has an irregular oval layout plan and the walls are built with granite stone. In the Southwest portion sits the Donjon.
|
|
Accessed May 22, 2008. Due to the historical importance of the castle, including its role in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, the donjon was designated a National Treasure in 1936.
|
|
This section dates from 1351. The inside is also not without interest, including Gothic living quarters, the donjon, beautiful halls with well-preserved woodwork, and a restored barbican defending the entrance.
|
|
A donjon tower, 52 meters high, the tallest medieval fortified structure of Europe, was added by Philip VI of France, a work that was started about 1337. The grand rectangular circuit of walls, was completed by the Valois about two generations later (ca. 1410). The donjon served as a residence for the royal family, and its buildings are known to have once held the library and personal study of Charles V. Henry V of England died in the donjon in 1422 following the siege of Meaux. duc d'Enghien was executed in 1804. Anonymous watercolor, ca 1820 (Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris) The relics of the Crown of Thorns were temporarily housed there while the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris was being readied to receive them.
|
|
Previous fires had destroyed the Honmaru area containing the old donjon (which itself burned in the 1657 Meireki fire). On the night of 5 May 1873, a fire consumed the Nishinomaru Palace (formerly the shōgun's residence), and the new imperial was constructed on the site in 1888. June, 1902. Tokyo Imperial Palace Imperial Palace in Tokyo 1908 A non-profit was founded in 2004 with the aim of a historically correct reconstruction of at least the main donjon.
|
|
Also in 1479 a fortified tower was built in the southeast of the castle complex. In 1500 the tower and the donjon were restored. A brewery was built at Seefeld in 1601.
|
|
Donjon, a narrative dungeon crawl by Clinton R. Nixon, was one of the indie role-playing games that appeared in the months following the casual gathering of indie enthusiasts at the booth for Adept Press, which became a booth for The Forge, at GenCon 34 in 2002. Donjon, InSpectres, and Misguided Games' Children of the Sun (2002) were finalists for the first Indie Game of the Year award, but they lost to the very well received Dust Devils (2002) by Matt Snyder.
|
|
In 1362, Joan Moray of Bothwell, heiress of the Morays, married Archibald Douglas, nicknamed "the Grim" and later to be Lord of Galloway and Earl of Douglas. Douglas commenced rebuilding Bothwell, repairing the donjon and completing the walls. The work was continued by his son, Archibald, the 4th Earl. By 1424 they had constructed the Great Hall and adjacent chapel, with towers at the north-east and south- east corners, and curtain walls connecting to the donjon, enclosing the courtyard.
|
|
Upper floors can be reached through stairs running along the walls inside and outside the donjon. The construction cannot be dated with exactitude, however two main phases can be recognised: the first phase dates from the beginning of the 12th century and includes the outer walls, while the donjon was built at the beginning of the 13th century. Excavations in the stronghold also found ruins date back to the Phoenician era, in addition to inscriptions from the Greco-Roman period.
|
|
The area within the now ruined ramparts is . Most of the buildings are ruined. The only partially standing building is a three-story donjon. The length of the eastern wall is and its height is .
|
|
They also served as residences for the daimyō, his family, and retainers. The oldest structure in the category is a Bunroku-era secondary donjon called the Northwest Small Tower, which is located at Matsumoto Castle.
|
|
By early November the army had closed up to the Sambre–Oise Canal. The Battle of the Sambre opened on 4 November. Two platoons of 5th/6th RS were given the task of attacking le Donjon two minutes after Zero Hour behind special barrage, and if possible to obtain a crossing over the canal. Finding themselves unable to follow the assigned path through the marsh, the two platoons the half the battalion followed the 1st Dorsets across a floating bridge; le Donjon fell at 10.45.
|
|
The huge cylindrical donjon was built in the 13th century, but before the rest of the castle was completed it was severely damaged in a series of sieges. Rebuilding in the early 15th century enlarged the castle, but it was abandoned by the 18th century. The present ruin is rectangular, with the remains of the donjon to the west, and the later Great Hall to the east. The courtyard is enclosed by long curtain walls, with round towers at the south-east and south-west corners.
|
|
Karatsu Castle was pulled down shortly afterwards, and in its place Maizuru Park was established in 1877. The current donjon and some other structures of the castle were reconstructed in 1966 to boost local tourism and to function as a local museum. The current donjon features five tiers and five stories, with a lower ground floor; it also houses an exhibition area.Karatsu Castle Japan National Tourist Association Many of the yagura date from the same time, although the Tatsumi Yagura was added in 1990.
|
|
The roof is covered with slate from Brive. The Château de Condat is privately owned. It has been listed since 1948 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture. File:Condat-sur-Vézère donjon (5).
|
|
The de-sumis (salient corners) on the north side of the hon-maru are rectangular flanking projections which increase the castle's defensibility; the iri-sumis (receded corners) on the south side of the hon-maru also increase the castle's defensibility because they permit cross fire at the enemy at the southern corners of the hon-maru. The top of the foundation of the dai-tenshu (large donjon) is 36.3 metres (119 ft) above sea level, and at the centre of the hon- maru, 23 metres (76 ft) above sea level. The hon-maru of Fukuoka Castle was divided into a northern part and a southern part by the stone foundations for the sho-tenshu (small donjon), the chū-tenshu (medium donjon), the dai-tenshu (large donjon), and the kanritsu-shiki tenshu-kuruwa (a kuruwa formed of rectangular buildings as the final strategic position in time of siege). The southern part is apparently the tenshu-kuruwa (a kuruwa especially designed for the defence of the tenshu), playing the role of the tsume-no-maru (a kuruwa for the final fighting of a siege), and it is the most fortified place in the castle.
|
|
John B. Caddell was stored at a marine facility in Rossville until she was purchased for $25,000 on 6 June 2013, by Donjon Marine Co. Inc., owner of the storage yard. She will be dismantled and scrapped.
|
|
At present, there is a marker designating the former location of the castle. The surrounding area has been developed into a park. Though the donjon no longer exists, the moat, earthen walls and foundation stones still remain.
|
|
The current donjon was reconstructed in 1975 to boost local tourism and to function as an annex to the local Chiba Prefectural Sonan Museum containing historical artifacts including a small collection of Japanese armor and swords. As there are no surviving records indicating the appearance of the original donjon, the current structure is a mock structure modeled after 1832 sketches of its last known appearance. An Ōtaki Castle Festival is held in late September each year. The main event is a parade of people wearing samurai armor and costumes reflecting the Edo period.
|
|
Roly Castle () is a château-ferme, or fortified farmhouse, in Roly in the municipality of Philippeville, province of Namur, Belgium. The existence of a fortification, in the form of a tower, is recorded here as early as 1069, but the present donjon dates from the 13th century, and this is the oldest extant part of the buildings. Major restorations and reconstructions took place in 1616 and between 1746 and 1749, and as of 2010 the buildings are again undergoing restoration. Besides the donjon, the castle contains extensive domestic ranges and numerous service and outbuildings.
|
|
The donjon or keep was finished, and fit to mount great cannon on each vaulted floor. Cannon could be hoisted up the donjon through an internal well. The watchman on top could see Norham and the outskirts of Berwick. There were three wards or courtyards, almost complete.J. S. Brewer, Letters and Papers Henry VIII 2:2 (London, 1864), pp. 1180 no. 3383, 1307-8 no. 4217. A Scottish army commanded by Regent Albany besieged Wark in November 1522, and Sir William Lisle defended the castle against the French assault troops, helped by bad weather.
|
|
Arboretum de Septmonts The Arboretum de Septmonts, also known as the Parc du Donjon de Septmonts, is a park and arboretum located at the Place de la Mairie, Septmonts, Aisne, Picardy, France. It is open daily without charge. The arboretum was created in 1998 within the park of a notable medieval keep (donjon), dating from the 14th century, and formerly the country seat of the Bishop of Soissons. It is organized into three areas displaying trees from Europe, America, and Asia; every year new trees are planted by the town's children.
|
|
It may however been drawn out of perspective, since the bridge appears to be about twice as long as the Donjon tower, which is about 20 meters high. The castle displays a rectangular structure with defensive towers at each corner including the Donjon which is still preserved today. The main building is at the back of the inner courtyard. D'Assonville was one of the most loyal ministers during the Spanish period and he is believed to have been part of the assault on the Prince Wiliam of Orange in 1584.
|
|
According to acts of January 1193 and September 1199, he was castellan of the Crac des Chevaliers under the magisterium of Geoffroy de Donjon elected around January 1193. On March 4, 1202, we know that he is the Grand Commander of the order, still under the magisterium of Geoffroy de Donjon who will disappear after the summer of 1202. The new grand master will be Afonso of Portugal, elected between the fall of 1202 and 1203. Pierre de Mirmande replaces the Grand Master and directs order in the East in his absence.
|
|
The Naitō clan were assigned to Koromo in 1749 when Naitō Masamitsu was transferred from Kōzuke Province. As his status allowed him to construct a castle, he erected a small-scaled donjon with two yagura and several watchtower gates on the 65-meter Mt. Doji next to the site of the Miyake residence in 1782. The new castle was protected on one side by the Yasaku River. From the top of the donjon, it was possible to see seven provinces (Mikawa, Owari, Mino, Shinano, Tōtōmi, Ise, Omi) and thus the castle was named .
|
|
In 1591, during the late Azuchi–Momoyama period, the castle was completely rebuilt by the Gamō clan with stone walls and a donjon, and ruled by the senior retainer Gamō Satonari. "Shiroishi Castle" at JCastle.info; retrieved 2013-5-30.
|
|
Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop, pp. 139, 142, 163. When the Battle of the Sambre opened on 4 November. Two platoons of 5th/6th RS were given the task of attacking le Donjon two minutes after Zero Hour behind a special barrage.
|
|
The castle had 4 gates and towers. The main tower (donjon), about 30 metres high, was used for residential quarters. Medininkai was first mentioned in 1392. The castle was badly damaged by a major fire in the late 15th century.
|
|
Trondheim's greatest breakthrough after Lapinot is arguably Dungeon (in French, Donjon), an ambitious series which he created with Joann Sfar, and which has enjoyed a fair amount of popular success. In 1993, he married Brigitte Findakly, a comic colorist and screenwriter.
|
|
The original entrance to the White Tower was at first-floor level. The White Tower is a keep (also known as a donjon), which was often the strongest structure in a medieval castle and contained lodgings suitable for the lord—in this case the king or his representative. According to military historian Allen Brown, "The great tower [White Tower] was also, by virtue of its strength, majesty and lordly accommodation, the donjon par excellence". One of the largest keeps in the Christian world, the White Tower has been described as "the most complete eleventh-century palace in Europe".
|
|
In the first half of the 19th century, the structures surrounding the vast (2 ha) Place du Capitole were redesigned, but the current façade, 135 m long and built of the characteristic pink brick in Neoclassical style, dates from 1750, built according to plans by Guillaume Cammas. The eight columns represent the original eight capitouls. In 1873, Eugène Viollet-le-Duc built a bell tower typical of the style of northern France on top of the donjon of the building. It was in this donjon that Jean Calas, a Protestant victim of a religiously- biased trial, was interrogated.
|
|
Dungeon Monstres (Donjon Monsters) features secondary characters from throughout the story. Stories can be set anywhere in the timeline, and feature occasional appearances by the major characters. There is a wide variety of artists in the numerous volumes of this sub-series.
|
|
Château de Mauvezin (right) The Château de Mauvezin (also known as Château de Gaston Phoebus) is a restored castle in the commune of Mauvezin in the Hautes- Pyrénées département of France.Ministry of Culture: Château et donjon de Gaston Phoebus. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
|
|
In the north-east corner stands a donjon, a high, square tower. In between lies the elongated three-storey east wing. The north west corner is dominated by the embattled so-called little tower. The adjoining west wing consists of three different levels.
|
|
He also worked together with many of the group's main artists, e.g. David B. and Lewis Trondheim. The Donjon series which he created with Trondheim has a cult following in many countries. Some of his comics are inspired by his Jewish heritage.
|
|
Château les Bruyères Balleroy Castle Château de Caen Château de Creully Château de Falaise Château de La Pommeraye in Calvados. Donjon de Chambois Château de Tancarville, near the Manoir du Clap This is a list of châteaux in the French region of Normandy.
|
|
Keep of the Château de Conches-en-Ouche The Château de Conches-en-Ouche is a ruined castle in the commune of Conches-en-Ouche in the Eure département of France,Ministry of Culture: Ruines du donjon demolished in the 16th century.
|
|
A wooden motte and bailey castle was erected in 1066 - its motte may be the mound which is still visible in the Dane John gardens near the stone castle (which may in turn be a Roman burial mound), with Dane John deriving from donjon.
|
|
During this time the Zähringens founded a number of cities including Burgdorf. Under Duke Berthold V, in 1200, Burgdorf Castle was expanded. The old castle consisted of a gatehouse and attached wall. Berthold V added a tower, donjon and a hall that connected the two.
|
|
The addition of the building's prominent donjon tower is attributed to Kemp. Construction was financed by the bequest of Ormond, who had died the previous year. A full-scale bronze statue of Ormond by sculptor Percival Ball was erected outside the building in 1897.
|
|
Its inhabitants were deported to repopulate Constantinople. Parts of the ruined medieval fortress survive to this day, southwest of Pigadi: a square donjon, a cistern, foundations of houses and a town wall, and the so-called Alatopyrgos ("salt tower"), a watchtower on the coast.
|
|
Ruins of the Ägerten castle The castle site of Aegerten lies a good to the south-east of the Gurten summit. The remains consists of a roundish castle hill, which formerly carried a rectangular donjon, surrounded on three sides by a wall and rench.
|
|
The citadel has a triangular shape. Three towers were erected at each corner of the triangle. The eastern tower originally had square shape, but it was destroyed and rebuilt in 18th century. The southwestern tower was the largest and also served as a donjon.
|
|
A Shinto Shrine dedicated to the war dead was established within the grounds in 1900 and the area of the Second and Third Baileys was built over as a residential district. The present donjon, yagura and gates are all reconstructions, which were completed in 1970.
|
|
The castle sits on a tuff hill above the Aare river. Of the medieval castle, only portions of the outer wall and the foundations of the donjon remain. The remaining walls and castle structure generally date to the 16th century reconstruction or later renovation projects.
|
|
The royal palace of the Armenian kings was a separate fortified structure located just below the castle. It was destroyed in 1375 during the Mamluk siege and capture of Sis. Two corner towers of its donjon remain standing., citing Lévon Nordiguian, La cathédrale de Sis.
|
|
In 1667, Sakakibara Masamichi arrived from Himeji. During his tenure, the donjon of Murakami Castle burned down and was not replaced. His son, Sakakibara Masakuni was transferred to Himeji in 1704. The rotation between Murakami and Himeji continued, with Honda Tadataka arriving in 1704.
|
|
Layout of Novo Brdo Fortress The Upper Town is the citadel of Novo Brdo and has a nearly regular hexagonal shape that is flattened on the east, so it almost takes on the look of a pentagon with the flat side facing outward toward the direction that is most approachable. In the middle of the flattened portion is the large rectangular four-sided donjon tower. Opposite the donjon in the western vertex is a three-sided tower, its curved side adorned with a cross in dark red brick facing the Lower Town and the west. In each of the remaining vertices are square towers.
|
|
During the Sengoku period, in 1558 Hosono Fujiatsu built a castle at the conjunction of the Ano and Iwata rivers, using the rivers as natural moats. Oda Nobunaga took control of the castle in 1568 and ordered his younger brother Oda Nobukane to reside there in 1577 to consolidate Oda control over the Ise region. Under Oda Nobukane, the castle was greatly expanded in size, with the completion of the primary, secondary and third baileys, a five-story donjon and secondary donjon. Under Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Nobukane was transferred to Tanba Province, and the castle was given to Hideyoshi’s retainer, Tomita Nobuhiro in 1595 along with a 50,000 koku domain.
|
|
After the transfer of the Tokugawa clan to the Kanto region by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the castle was assigned to one of Hideyoshi's generals, Tanaka Yoshimasa, who was also castellan of Okazaki Castle. Tanaka Yoshimasa dismantled the existing donjon and built a much larger three-story tower at the edge of the second bailey, facing the front of the castle. The reason for this unusual orientation is unknown; possibly due to space limitations, and possibly to impress his authority over the jōkamachi. The castle also had a secondary three-story donjon and ten corner yagura, which made it very well-equipped considering its size and the kokudaka of the territory.
|
|
Attractions include the Donjon, a park with animals, the town greenhouse, a grotto, and a Russian Necropolis. There are two main green spaces, the Bois des Trous and a parkland which borders on the river Orge (a tributary of the Seine). There are also some small parks.
|
|
It was long believed that the tenshu (keep) of Kanayama Castle was moved to Inuyama Castle by Ishikawa Mitsuyoshi in 1559. This theory was disproved by archeological examinations undertaken during restoration works, which involved the dismantling of the castle's donjon, carried out between 1961 and 1965.
|
|
1220s), which probably served as a model for Dirleton.Tabraham (2007), p.23 The 13th- century stone castle, of which only the donjon, or keep, remains, represented a show of de Vaux's status, and would have required peaceful times to permit a prolonged construction project.Tabraham (1997), p.
|
|
In Portuguese Restoration War for Independence, the Council of War John IV (1640-1656) determined the modernization of defenses Monforte was necessary by adapting them to fire artillery. Thus, they were erected a half-bastion and other structures in the east of the medieval Donjon tower.
|
|
The tower allowed for increased visibility for the use of guns against an opposing force. Builder’s plans for the castle show the donjon to be 40 meters, with seven levels. Fourthly, Azuchi Castle had irregularly formed inner citadels. These inner citadels gave defenders ample defensive positions against intruders.
|
|
The first mention of a member of the family at Santa Maria was Martin von Sax in 1291. The original castle was replaced with large five-sided donjon. Two of the three levels were built as living quarters. The stairways, chimneys and toilets were all built into the walls.
|
|
Keep (donjon) of Conches-en-Ouche, département Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. It was built 1035 by Roger I of Tosny and destroyed 1591 in the French Wars of Religion. Roger I of Tosny or Roger of Hispaniavan Houts, Normans, 269 n. 113. A name given him by Orderic Vitalis.
|
|
In 1626, the donjon was struck by lightning and burned down. It was never rebuilt.Komoro castle – SamuraiWiki The domain and castle subsequently passed through a number of clans: the Aoyama from 1648-1662, the Sakai from 1662-1679, the Nishio from 1679–1682 and the Ishikawa clanfrom 1682–1702.
|
|
The castle is a rectangular donjon (keep). The original doorway was into the first floor, accessed by an external wooden stairs. The entire first floor was a great hall, with mural stairs up to the parapet. The ground floor was a basement or storage area with three vaulted chambers.
|
|
The takeoff is done under the impulse of Camille Donjon (Father Donjon) from 1939 with the establishment of the selection at the entrance. A preparatory class for the exam was set up in 1941, which became a competition in 1947, the number of candidates permitting it. However, ESSEC refuses to join the unified system of écoles de commerce (ESC) established by the decree of 3 December 1947 the State now supports the implementation of preparatory classes on the territory (there were thirty at the time, for a twenty ESC). In exchange the ESC spend their schooling from two to three years and organize themselves into a network with tests and subjects common to the written competitions.
|
|
In 1938, the castle site was proclaimed a National Historic Site,Agency for Cultural Affairs with the area under historic preservation restrictions expanded in 1959, and again in 1976 based on further archaeological investigations. In 1950, repairs were made to the stone base of the former donjon, which had been in ruins since the Great Kantō earthquake, and the area was made into the Odawara Castle Park, which included an art museum, local history museum, city library, amusement park and zoo. The three-tiered, five-storied donjon, the top floor of which is an observatory, was rebuilt in 1960 out of reinforced concrete to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the proclamation of Odawara as a city.
|
|
The White Tower is a keep (also known as a donjon), which was often the strongest structure in a medieval castle, and contained lodgings suitable for the lord – in this case, the king or his representative. According to military historian Allen Brown, "The great tower [White Tower] was also, by virtue of its strength, majesty and lordly accommodation, the donjon par excellence". As one of the largest keeps in the Christian world, the White Tower has been described as "the most complete eleventh-century palace in Europe". The original entrance to the White Tower was at first-floor level The White Tower, not including its projecting corner towers, measures at the base, and is high at the southern battlements.
|
|
All remaining structures were demolished in 1873 and in the second bailey, the present-day Yonezawa city hall was constructed. The main bailey was transformed into a public park in 1874. The Uesugi Shrine was transferred to its present location on top of the site of the donjon in 1876.
|
|
The Kyburg additions to the large hall were demolished in 1540. A new gatehouse was built on the old foundations in 1559. A small stair tower was added in 1580 to the donjon. A new wing was added east of the courtyard in 1729, which contained both apartments and a granary.
|
|
Donjon is a fantasy game that is both a parody of and an homage to Dungeons & Dragons. Based on the result of die rolls in conflict resolution, players get to add facts to the situation, which gives them power to steer the adventure in directions the game master does not expect.
|
|
The seat of the House of Nassau was moved, under Dudo's sons Rupert I and Arnold I, to Nassau Castle around 1124. The original castle in Laurenburg was destroyed in the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) and remains a ruin. The donjon of the castle today houses a military museum.
|
|
Roger died in 1213 and was succeeded by his eldest son, John. However, the King took possession of Castle Donington and Pontefract Castle. The de Lacys lived in the castle until the early 14th century. It was under the tenure of the de Lacys that the magnificent multilobate donjon was built.
|
|
Some remnants of the original stone ramparts remain, and parts of the old jōkamachi with traditional samurai houses and merchant houses remain. In 1968, a faux-donjon was built for use as a local history museum. The castle was listed as one of the Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles in 2017.
|
|
The western sections, abandoned much earlier, have largely disappeared under modern agricultural fields, while some sections form the basis for modern roads in Port Dover, like Donjon Road and Grand Street. Its final terminus in town is now a marina and any trace of the connection at Bridge Street is gone.
|
|
Baptismal fonts. The commune has existed since before Roman times, possibly corresponding to the site of Bratuspance.Pages 68 et 118 : La Somme, éd. du Bastion, 160 p Under Charlemagne, a donjon was built in the north-west of the town, on a chalk promontory, (nowadays the site of the Prieuré).
|
|
The Château de Larroque is the remains of a 12th-century castle keep in the commune of Larroque in the Haute-Garonne département of France.Ministry of Culture Restes du donjon The property of the commune, it has been listed since 1930 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
|
|
Liddiard (2005), p.48; King, p.73. The second early stone design, emerging from the 12th century onwards, was the shell keep, a donjon annulaire in French, which involved replacing the wooden keep on a motte, or the palisade on a ringwork, with a circular stone wall.Brown, p.42; Durand, p.29.
|
|
Stari Grad is a typical medieval fortress built for the melee weapon fighting. The base is elongated and irregularly shaped, which was needed to adjust it to the topographic relief. Smaller section of the town was located at the highest point. It was isolated and well fortified, with ramparts including the donjon.
|
|
Lea Castle is a ruined medieval castle near Portarlington, County Laois. A timber castle was built in the late 12th or early 13th century and replaced by a later stone castle. The remains of the castle mostly date to the 13th century and consist of a four-storey donjon and a gatehouse.
|
|
Kanō Tenman-gū was a castle that was built during peace time in the 15th and 16th centuries, but only its ruins, including the base of the donjon and walls,Rekishi no Meguri--Shiroato Meguri . Gifu City Hall. Accessed May 26, 2008. remain in the present-day city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.
|
|
At that time, Romont was part of the territory of the Bishop of Lausanne. In 1240 Peter II sent a castellan to Romont to build a castle and found a village. A few years later, the Peace of Evian in 1244, confirmed the Savoy rights to Romont. The main castle (Grand Donjon), with a typical Savoy square floor plan, was completed before 1260. The original castle partially collapsed in 1579 and was rebuilt by Fribourg in 1591. Another castle with a round tower, formerly known as the Petit Donjon, but now known as Boyer-tower was built around 1250–1260, most likely by Peter II. The town's ring wall had three gate towers which faced toward Billens, Mézières, and Fribourg.
|
|
The Tomita were rewarded for their loyalty by the Tokugawa shogunate and were given an increase in revenue and rebuilt parts of the castle by the time they were transferred to Uwajima Domain in Iyo Province in 1608. The Tomita were replaced by the Tōdō clan, who ruled as daimyōs over the 220,000 koku Tsu Domain until the Meiji Restoration. Tōdō Takatora, who was a noted castle architect, renovated Tsu Castle with a three- story and a two-story donjon and rejuvenated the castle town, and increased the clan’s revenues to 323,000 koku. After the donjon was destroyed in a fire in 1662, the Tokugawa shogunate did not grant permission for it to be rebuilt, and it was replaced by a two-story yagura.
|
|
In French, the term donjon still refers to a "keep", and the English term "dungeon" refers mostly to oubliette in French. Donjon is therefore a false friend to dungeon (although the game Dungeons & Dragons is titled Donjons et Dragons in its French editions). An oubliette (same origin as the French oublier, meaning "to forget") is a basement room which is accessible only from a hatch or hole (an angstloch) in a high ceiling; however, the description of these basement rooms as "dungeons" stems from the romanticised castle studies of the 19th century. There is no evidence to indicate that prisoners were really lowered through the angstloch into the dungeon using a rope or rope ladder as these 19th century accounts suggest.
|
|
In 1649, Matsudaira Naoyori rebuilt the donjon and added new yagura watchtowers. However, in 1667 most of the castle was destroyed in a fire caused by lightning and its donjon and yagura were not rebuilt after that time. The Matsudaira were replaced by the Sakakibara clan in 1667, followed by the Honda again in 1704, the Matsudaira in 1710, the Manabe clan in 1717 and finally by a cadet branch of the Naitō clan, who ruled until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. During the Boshin War of the Meiji restoration, although the samurai of the domain were divided between those who were loyal to the Tokugawa shogunate, and those who supported the imperial restoration, the domain joined the pro-Tokugawa Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei.
|
|
Dungeon Twilight (Donjon Crépuscule) is a darker series where Herbert the Duck has become the dark overlord of the Dungeon, known as The Great Khan. Marvin the dragon, old and blind, teams with Marvin the Red, a brash rabbit warrior. The first three volumes are drawn by Joann Sfar, the others by various artists.
|
|
Bombardment of Algiers in 1682, by Abraham Duquesne. Abraham Duquesne delivering Christian captives in Algiers after the Bombardment of Algiers (1683). Bombardment of Genoa by Duquesne in 1684, by Beaulieu le Donjon. He suppressed a revolt at Bordeaux (which was materially supported by his most hated foe, the Spanish) in 1650, during the Fronde outbreaks.
|
|
Parts of the castle lie in ruins, including the remains of a well and a turret (yagura) which were discovered during archeological excavations. The donjon, or tenshu, was reconstructed in 1987 out of ferro-concrete and holds a museum local history museum with ceramics, samurai armor and documents on the history of the castle.
|
|
During their fourteen-year occupation of Anazarbus the Crusaders built the magnificent donjon atop the center of the fortified outcrop. At Sarvandikar, which controlled the strategic Amanus Pass, Tancred imprisoned Raymond of Saint-Gilles in 1101/02.Matthew of Edessa, Recueil des historiens des croisades, Documents arméniens, vol. 1, reprint: Farnborough, 1967, p. 57.
|
|
Vršac Castle (, ) formerly known as "Vršac Tower" (, ) is a medieval fortress near Vršac, Vojvodina, Serbia. Only Donjon tower remained from the entire complex, but in 2009 reconstruction started, to recreate the entire Vršac Castle. Vršac Castle was declared a Monument of Culture of Great Importance in 1991, and is protected by the Republic of Serbia.
|
|
The site of the castle disappeared under modern Numazu city Today almost no ruins remain at the site, except for a small park with a monument marking the site of the donjon in the inner bailey, and a small fragment of the stone walls lining part of the old moats of former Sanmaibashi Castle.
|
|
The castle is an Anglo-Norman donjon (keep). It was originally a rectangle (15 × 10 m, 16 × 11 yds) with a tower at each corner. Two of these towers have crumbled, as has the entire back part of the castle. The ground floor is buried but was vaulted and had a loft and arrowslits on the south wall.
|
|
Château de Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier is a medieval castle, built in the 13th century in the commune of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier in the département d'Ille-et- Vilaine in Brittany. Dismantled in 1490, only the donjon remains today. It was registered as a monument historique on 15 December 1926.« Château », base Mérimée, ministère français de la Culture.
|
|
Crupet Castle (, also known as the Château des Carondelet), is a medieval moated donjon or fortified farmhouse (ferme-château) in the village of Crupet, since 1977 part of the municipality of Assesse, province of Namur, Belgium. It was built in the 11th or 12th century, and the lords of the castle later became vassals of Liège.
|
|
Friar describes it as a "free-standing, fighting-tower".Friar (2003), p 36. Its defensive function is to some extent similar to that of a keep (also known as a donjon) in English or French castles. However, the characteristic difference between a bergfried and a keep is that a bergfried was typically not designed for permanent habitation.
|
|
The Oval Courtyard, with the Medieval donjon, a vestige of the original castle where the King's apartments were located, in the center. The Gallery of Francis I, connecting the King's apartments with the chapel, decorated between 1533 and 1539. It introduced the Italian Renaissance style to France. The earliest record of a fortified castle at Fontainebleau dates to 1137.
|
|
He thought the keep at Wark was as strong as any he had seen, and stronger than the keep at Guînes.State Papers Henry VIII, vol. IV part IV (London, 1836), 37. In June 1524 Cardinal Wolsey ordered repairs to the keep or donjon walls and lead for the roof was to be brought from Dunstanburgh Castle.
|
|
Château de Langoiran The Château de Langoiran is located in the district of Bordeaux in Gironde, in Langoiran, Aquitaine, France. The "donjon" of the castle (fortified central tower) is one of the largest in France. It overlooks the Garonne Valley and offers a good view for visitors. It has been listed as a French Monument Historique since May 1892.
|
|
The castle is located on a hill above the village of Santa Maria in Calanca. The main village street passes by the parish church on its way to the castle. The large donjon is five-sided on the outside, while the interior is rectangular. In most places the walls are thick, but are up to thick in places.
|
|
William II, Lord of Egmond constructed a new castle in the forecourt as a replacement for the old circular castle. He divided the forecourt into a western and eastern side. On the eastern side, the main castle was erected with a large tower, the so called donjon. And on the western side the forecourt was erected including two towers.
|
|
The need for metals at that time led the Slavs to sift through the ashes looking for metal. Little remains of the fortress' walls and buildings. Among the most interesting locations within the fortress is the remains of the "donjon" (keep) tower, episcopal church and Lent premises. The National Museum of Valjevo contains artifacts of Jerina.
|
|
Consistently, the duchy may have conceded to the county in the direction of the county of Hiémois and towards Lieuvin (forêt du Vièvre). Before 996, Rodulf built the castle of Ivry-la-Bataille to replace a motte-and-bailey wooden keep. It is among the earliest examples of a stone donjon or keep in the northwest of France.
|
|
The foundations of the clan's castle and donjon, erected in the period of the Árpád dynasty, have recently been uncovered and identified on the site of the former abbey. Several residences of the 18th and 19th centuries can be found in the village. Ják was once famous for its potteries. Gyula Gömbös lived in the village.
|
|
The top story of the towers was designed for soldiers and housed a large number of cannons. A main gatehouse was also constructed which, along with the Ducal Palace donjon, had movable gates. The gatehouse was reinforced with additional sections for firing galleries. Near the inner walls several buildings were constructed, including stables, kitchens, and other support structures.
|
|
At the same time, castle architecture in mainland Europe became more sophisticated. The donjon was at the centre of this change in castle architecture in the 12th century. Central towers proliferated, and typically had a square plan, with walls thick. Their decoration emulated Romanesque architecture, and sometimes incorporated double windows similar to those found in church bell towers.
|
|
It has a bent entrance leading through the base of a gate tower. A notable feature of the inner defences is a large circular tower, sometimes referred to as a donjon (though it should not be confused with a central keep). Unlike the Krak Des Chevaliers, Margat has a large outer ward, giving it a larger total area.
|
|
The Great Gate flanked by 14th-century semi-circular towers had inner and outer barbicans. Chambers excavated into the rock in the inner bailey possibly indicate the site of the old hall and the North Bailey gate is marked by the remains of a rectangular tower. The castle has several unusual features. The donjon has a rare Quatrefoil design.
|
|
Donjon of Suncheon Japanese Castle Suncheon Castle, also known as Suncheon Waeseong (순천왜성, 順天倭城), in Korean, Juntenjō (順天城) in Japanese, is the only remaining Japanese castle in Jeollanam-do, and the battlefield of Yi Sun-sin who tempted Konishi Yukinaga from here to Noryang Point known as Battle of Noryang Point.
|
|
Haamstede Castle in front Haamstede Castle from behind Haamstede Castle (Dutch: Slot Haamstede) is an old castle in the village of Haamstede on the island of Schouwen-Duiveland. It is a rijksmonument. The keep dates from the 13th century. In 1525 Haamstede castle (except the donjon) was destroyed by fire, but later on the castle was rebuilt.
|
|
He received financial support from King Eward II of England, and turned the castle into a large fortress. From that period, the donjon, the entry and the moats, now dry, still remain. The château was badly damaged during the Hundred Years War. During the 14th century, its successive owners switched back and forth between the French and English side.
|
|
The Saillon family seems to have been closely related with the barons of Aigle. In the second half of the 13th Century, Aigle expanded and received a city charter. The castle was rebuilt, with a fortified donjon and a curtain wall. In the 14th Century, the Lords of Compey inherited the rights of the Saillon family.
|
|
The castle was hastily built with the forthcoming battle in mind. About 1,000 laborers were employed, and it took them about one month to build it to Motonari's satisfaction. Stone walls had to be built in order to buttress the weakly tamped earthen foundation which, without support, would have easily collapsed. A permanent donjon (tenshu) was probably never built.
|
|
In Turkish times the mahala, or the housing area of Vrlika fortress, developed around it. Prozor Fortress is dominated by the tall keep or donjon, around which is an open court with houses and a chapel. The courtyard is defended by the lower ramparts and a round tower. A drawbridge once gave access to the keep.
|
|
The original structure included a five-storey donjon surrounded by a system of 80-metre wide moats. Unusually, the moats are not surmounted by stone walls, but by earthen ramparts tall enough to conceal the inner fortifications. These ramparts were also planted with pine and camphor trees for additional concealment, which lent the castle its nickname.
|
|
Murdoch, James. (1926). A History of Japan, p. 9. In 1635, most of Sunpu burned down in a fire, which also consumed the buildings of Sunpu Castle. By 1638, the palace, gates, yagura and other structures were reconstructed, but notably, the donjon was not, since Sunpu was ruled by an appointed administrator, rather than by a daimyō.
|
|
The castle town prospered during the Edo period from its proximity to the Nakasendō highway, and location on the Tone River. Following the Meiji restoration, all of the structures of the castle were destroyed and its site turned into a public park. The current donjon was reconstructed in 1988 to boost local tourism and to function as the .
|
|
Construction on Iga Ueno Castle began in 1585 by the command of Takigawa Katsutoshi. However, the honmaru, or innermost bailey, as well as the tenshu, or donjon, upon which the modern reconstruction was based were built by Katsutoshi's successor, Tsutsui Sadatsugu. Sadatsugu was then succeeded by Tōdō Takatora. Takatora renovated the honmaru, giving it high walls.
|
|
Gow, Ian. (2004). Military Intervention in Pre-War Japanese Politics, p. 16. In 1669, Fukui Castle along with much of the surrounding castle town was destroyed in a fire, and the domain was forced to borrow 50,00 ryō from the shogunate for reconstruction. The donjon of the castle was never rebuilt due to lack of funds.
|
|
In motte-and-bailey castles, the keep was on top of the motte. "Dungeon" is a corrupted form of "donjon" and means a dark, unwelcoming prison. Although often the strongest part of a castle and a last place of refuge if the outer defences fell, the keep was not left empty in case of attack but was used as a residence by the lord who owned the castle, or his guests or representatives. At first this was usual only in England, when after the Norman Conquest of 1066 the "conquerors lived for a long time in a constant state of alert"; elsewhere the lord's wife presided over a separate residence (domus, aula or mansio in Latin) close to the keep, and the donjon was a barracks and headquarters.
|
|
Floor plan of the palace as it looked following the construction of Sainte-Chapelle, by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, with Saint-Chapelle (labeled "A") near the center and the site of the later Conciergerie below it Further additions were made by Louis VI, with the help of his friend and ally, Suger, the Abbot of the Basilica of Saint-Denis. Louis VI finished the chapel of Saint Nicholas, demolished the old tower or donjon in the center, and built a massive new donjon, or tower, the Grosse Tour, 11.7 meters wide at the base, with walls three meters thick. This tower existed until 1776. His son, Louis VII (1120-1180) enlarged the royal residence and added an oratory; the lower floor of the oratory later became the chapel of the present Conciergerie.
|
|
Donjon de Ballon, "Gateway to Maine". The surviving structure dates from 12th to 15th centuries Wynebald de Ballon (variously spelt Baalun, Baalan, Balun, Balodun, Balon etc.),The name is usually modernised to conform with the modern French cartographic spelling of Ballon, Sarthe. The first name is spelled variously as Guinebaud, Winebald, Winebold, Winebaud, etc. (c.1058–c.1126), was an early Norman magnate.
|
|
By the 18th century the castle had lost its defensive value. The earthquake of 1755 destroyed the donjon tower (Clock Tower) and one of the gates. To rebuild the tower in 1760 the stone from the third gate of the castle was used. In the same century after the death of José (1750-1777) the ruling family de Aveiro became extinct.
|
|
Firstly, it was a massive structure, with the walls of the castle ranging from 5.5 to 6.5 meters in thickness. The second feature of Azuchi Castle is the predominant use of stone. The walls were constructed from huge granite stones fitted carefully together without the use of mortar. A third innovation of the Azuchi Castle was the high central tower, or donjon.
|
|
The entrance of the palace is through a great donjon tower, with crenels and alcoves dominated by an eagle with open wings. The tower is the central architectural piece of the palace. On each of the three exposed sides there is a face of the clock with a diameter of . The clock faces are decorated with stained glass representing the 12 astrological signs.
|
|
Sars-la-Bruyère Castle ( or Château-ferme de Sars-la-Bruyère, also known as Château-ferme de la Poterie) is a château-ferme, or fortified farmhouse, in Sars-la-Bruyère in the municipality of Frameries, province of Hainaut, Belgium. The ruins of the 13th century donjon remain, but the greater part of the château was rebuilt in the 18th and 19th centuries.
|
|
At the foot of the hill, to the left and right of the land, which extends into the sea, are two smaller towers. Only the main tower, the donjon, which is surrounded by its own wall, is located in the western part of the complex. Unfortunately, it is not open to visitors. Here, in fighting, was the last retreat for the inhabitants.
|
|
The old donjon was enclosed by new buildings. The still intact burgundian tower was also built around this time. His successors Frederick IV of Baden and Philip of Burgundy also used the castle as their residence, and Philip of Burgundy embellished the castle with renaissance features. Philip of Burgundy settled at Duurstede Castle when he became bishop of Utrecht in 1517.
|
|
The old donjon built by Zweder van Abcoude in the 13th century has withstood the passage of time reasonably well, and is an excellent example of medieval towers. The walls are 2.5 metres thick; the original entrance was at the second level and could only be reached with a wooden ladder that could be removed or destroyed in times of need.
|
|
King, pp.190–6. Contemporary medieval writers used various terms for the buildings we would today call keeps. In Latin, they are variously described as turris, turris castri or magna turris – a tower, a castle tower, or a great tower. The 12th-century French came to term them a donjon, from the Latin dominarium "lordship", linking the keep and feudal authority.
|
|
The first proven historical mention of Montribloud dates back to 1299. In 1313, Hugues Brun, canon of Lyon Cathedral, directed his heirs to build a monastery there. In fact, Humbert V, lord of Thoire-Villars, built a castle on a mound during the 1320s. On 21 February 1334, Humbert V paid homage to the Dauphin du Viennois for the "donjon" (keep) of Montribloud.
|
|
The Boyer tower or Petit Donjon was built around 1250-1260 Romont is first mentioned in 1177 as in Rotundo Monte. In 1244 it was mentioned as Romont. The municipality was formerly known by its German name Remund, however, that name is no longer used. The oldest trace of human settlement in Romont is five Hallstatt era tumuli in the village of Bossens.
|
|
However, over the following years, he broke with Milan and allied with the Three Leagues. In the 1480 sale, the castle was not mentioned, meaning that it may have already been abandoned. The thick walls of the donjon allowed it to withstand centuries of neglect. The first restoration was in 1932-34, after which it was used as an observation tower.
|
|
Thomas began his governmental career as a minor clerk in the Lord Edward's household. He can be seen acting in connection with the Duchy of Gascony, which belonged to Edward, as early as 1255. He rose to the position of keeper of the wardrobe for Edward by 1259, perhaps originally working as the deputy of the previous keeper, Ralph de Donjon.
|
|
After PC-1264 was decommissioned, she was transferred to the Maritime Commission for final disposition. , she was extant—albeit in poor repair—at the former Donjon Marine Yard in New York. Two 1990-era photographs show her heavily rusted, but still afloat amid other hulks. Like many officers, Lieutenant Purdon left the U.S. Navy after the war but remained in the Naval Reserve.
|
|
In 1479, the provincial governor Půta Švihovský of Rýzmberk became the owner of the estate and began with a thoughtful remodelling of the castle under the guidance of famous master Benedict Rejt. New living quarters and service buildings were constructed, the castle was enlarged and the fortifications heightened. Rabí Castle was, from the very start, envisioned as a donjon-type castle.
|
|
The vulnerable north side of the castle would have been protected by a deep ditch. The northern entrance was defended by a tower and was probably accessed by a drawbridge. Very little is known about the buildings of the castle other than the ruined donjon and papal apartments. The castle contained a chapel dedicated to Saint Catherine but the location is uncertain.
|
|
The donjon had a ground floor with a low barrel vaulted ceiling and two upper levels with rib vaulted ceilings. The large roof terrace was surrounded by a machicolated battlement. The floors were connected by a stone staircase built into the thickness of the western wall. The entrance to the tower on the east side was protected by an unusually tall bretèche.
|
|
A three-story donjon was completed in 1617. The Honda were replaced by the Mizuno clan from 1645-1762, and the Matsudaira (Matsui) clan from 1762-1769. In 1769, a branch of the Honda clan returned to Okazaki, and governed until the Meiji Restoration. In 1869, the final daimyō of Okazaki Domain, Honda Tadanao, surrendered Okazaki Castle to the new Meiji government.
|
|
He funded some construction works in two monasteries on Mount Athos, the Serbian Hilandar and the Russian St Panteleimon. Remains of the donjon of Lazar's fortress in Kruševac, the capital of Lazar's state. Lazar extended his domain to the Danube in 1379, when the prince took Kučevo and Braničevo, ousting the Hungarian vassal Radič Branković Rastislalić from these regions.Mihaljčić 1975, pp.
|
|
The Crusader castle of Gibelet is "the finest example" (Boas) of a new 12th-century type, which mixes the castrum-type with the turris-type castle: a roughly square set of walls strengthened by corner towers, built around a central donjon,David Nicolle, Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1097-1192, Osprey, 2004, pp. 11-12 thus forming two layers of defense.
|
|
The final Sanada daimyō, Sanada Nobutoshi, profited tremendously by under-representing his income to the shogunate and with the lumber trade. This enabled him to rebuild Numata Castle on a large scale with a 5-story donjon, and rebuilt the clan's residences in Edo on a large scale. The financial irregularities were eventually discovered, and the shogunate seized the domain in 1681.
|
|
A round tower, the keep or Donjon, survives. It is one of the oldest circular keeps in France. The "Chateau de Freteval," . On 3 July 1194, at the Battle of Freteval, the forces of Richard I of England raided the camp of Philippe II of France and captured the written records and much of the treasure of the French kingdom.
|
|
The main historical attraction is the donjon that accommodates a museum. There are also St Simeon's Orthodox church (1914); Sts Peter and Paul Roman Catholic church (1925) and Roman Catholic cemetery of the 18th - early 20th centuries. The building of a synagogue (used until 1941). Since 2009, there has been an annual historical Belaja Vezha Festival organized by local people.
|
|
The simple layout comprises a quadrangular courtyard, across, surrounded by a wall up to thick and up to high, with round towers at each corner.MacGibbon, David and Ross, Thomas. (1887) The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland Vol. 1. Edinburgh: David Douglas The largest of these, known as the Comyn Tower, is across the interior, and served as the castle's "donjon", or keep.
|
|
As a result of increased scholarly interest Goslar District bought part of the land in the area of the donjon in 1929 in order to protect it from further ploughing damage. In 1933 the Werla Commission was founded which consisted of scholars and representatives of Goslar District and the central government. They were to co-ordinate the excavations planned to follow.
|
|
The site is now the Otaka Castle Ruins Park, with some remnants of its kuruwa, double moats and earthen ramparts. The site of the donjon in the inner bailey is slightly elevated, and is now occupied by a Shinto shrine, the Shiroyama Hachiman-gu. It is located about 10 minutes on foot from the JR Tokaido Main Line Ōdaka Station.
|
|
They were also vassals of the Counts of Savoy and made Aigle into their headquarters. They added turrets and in 1450 built a massive tower in the south corner. This tower was an example of late French Donjon architecture. Starting in the mid-15th Century, Bern tried to control the city, to gain control of the important mountain passes into the Rhone Valley.
|
|
Castle of the Princes de Mérode seen from the southeast. Locals call it "Oud Kasteel" (Old Castle) () to discern it from the new castle built for Jeanne de Merode in 1910-12 (see below). The castle has been the home of the House of Merode for more than five centuries. The central keep or Donjon has walls of more than 2 m thick.
|
|
The castle had an uncommon round donjon that was five stories tall. The southern side of the tower was destroyed during the 1451 war, but the northern side remains intact and still reaches its original height. The tower walls are up to thick. Fireplaces, two garderobes and sitting places by the windows show that the third and fourth stories were permanently inhabited.
|
|
They established an Obervogtei at Regensberg which ruled over 13 surrounding villages. In 1540 the upper castle burned down, but the lower gates and the donjon survived because they were separated from the upper castle by a deep ditch. The upper castle was rebuilt in the following year. During the Reformation in Zürich the St. Martin's Abbey on Zürichberg at Fluntern was demolished.
|
|
The reconstructed main keep. A fire in 1726 destroyed most of the castle structures, including the donjon. The palace portion was restored two years later in the outer bailey, which was the centre of the Saga domain government for most of the Edo period. Another fire occurred in 1835, after which the buildings were reconstructed by Saga domain’s final daimyō Nabeshima Naomasa.
|
|
The German poet, Friedrich Schiller, set his play The Robbers (1781) in the surrounding forests. Today Landštejn is one of the best preserved examples of medieval fortification systems. The oldest, Romanesque part with a palace built between two defensive towers is unique in Bohemia. The later completion of the Gothic defense system with living quarters in the donjon gave the castle another courtyard.
|
|
The next year, Nobunaga retook Kiyosu Castle and captured his uncle, forcing him to commit suicide not long after. Nobunaga also had his younger brother, Oda Nobuyuki assassinated at Kiyosu Castle’s donjon in 1557. Nobunaga sealed his alliance with Tokugawa Ieyasu during treaty negotiations held at Kiyosu Castle in 1562. Nobunaga relocated from Kiyosu to Iwakura Castle in 1563. After Nobunaga's death, Toyotomi Hideyoshi assembled his retainers at Kiyosu Castle and proclaimed his regency over Nobunaga’s infant grandson, Oda Hidenobu. Kiyosu Castle itself came under the control of Nobunaga’s second son, Oda Nobukatsu, who began large scale renovations in 1586, which included a double ring of moats, as well as a large and a small donjon It was remodeled by expanding the castle grounds to roughly 1.6 km east to west and 2.8 km north to south.
|
|
Thereafter the castle and Kaminoyama Domain passed through a number of daimyō clans, often for only a generation or two, and its revenues were often reduced. Under the Toki clan, a donjon was built, but it was destroyed when the clan was transferred elsewhere in 1692. In 1697, the castle came under the control of the Fujii branch of the Matsudaira clan, which continued to rule over Kaminoyama Domain until the Meiji restoration. With the Abolition of the han system in 1871, Kaminoyama Domain became Kaminoyama Prefecture, and in 1872 the castle grounds were sold to the government and turned into a park. In 1982, on the site of the second bailey, a faux reconstruction of a “typical” Edo period donjon was constructed out of concrete to serve as a tourist attraction and as a local history museum.
|
|
The residues there included dark and vitrified unprocessed material and fine, yellowish sands from the washing. The process of securing the entire district was expected to take over 10 years. Between 1886 and 1891 César de Pontgibaud had the old donjon, which had been abandoned since the time of Louis XIII, restored by a disciple of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc. The more recent château was demolished.
|
|
Tōkagakudō (Music Hall) The is located to the east of the former main donjon of Edo Castle in the Honmaru. This music hall was built in commemoration of the 60th birthday of Empress Kōjun on 6 March 1963. The ferro-concrete building covers a total area of . The hall is octagon-shaped and each of its eight outer walls is decorated with differently designed mosaic tiles.
|
|
The inner courtyard was overrun and the garrison retreated to the donjon or keep. Before the day ended they agreed terms with their attackers and were allowed to ransom themselves. Though Sahyun was a strong castle, it fell in just three days. Kennedy speculates that, despite being well-provisioned, the fortress may have surrendered been because its garrison was not large enough or possessed siege engines.
|
|
Important discoveries are the board of Hellenistic wall, that confirm the suggestion that on this position was the ancient Greek city Herakleion and the gate in the wall of the donjon. The core of the city Herakleion remains to be found, but it is posited that it is located on the northwest side of the castle's hill due to shells and coins found during recent excavations.
|
|
Many towers, a common kind of architecture in the Italian city skyline in the renaissance, were damaged. The Castle's bell tower collapsed to the ground, as did the top portion of the other three major towers of the town: Palazzo della Ragione's, the Porta S. Pietro donjon and Castel Tealdo tower. The Steeples of the Duomo, of S.Silvestro, S.Agostino, S.Giorgio and S.Bartolo churches were severely damaged.
|
|
The Tour Salamandre, an 11th-century donjon, is the most remarkable remains of the ancient fortifications of Beaumont. It can still be visited and holds expositions of the town's history. The old castle, in which Napoleon spent a night before going to Waterloo in 1815, has been separated in two parts, one holds the townhall and the other olds a catholic secondary school, Paridaens.
|
|
The main tower, the donjon, was raised to a height of 28 metres. People called the castle the largest and most beautiful one of Holland. As the Egmond family rose to prominence within the Burgundian Netherlands, they spent more and more time in the south of the Netherlands, e.g. in the Egmont Palace in Brussels, the Egmont castle in Zottegem or the castle in La Hamaide.
|
|
In 1794, a jinya fortified residence was built. The Kishu-Tokugawa clan retained the territory until the Meiji Restoration. In 1877, a fire destroyed the palace within the second bailey, and in 1881 all of the remaining castle buildings were pulled down, with the exception of a single rice warehouse. In 1982, a proposal to reconstruct the donjon was vetoed due to local opposition.
|
|
The layout of the castle resembles a capital 'D', with a round, thick-walled donjon on one corner and the straight part of the D forming the keep, and an inner bailey in center. The castle has had outer walls forming two outer baileys. The outer wall has had one square tower and a barbican. The ruins of the outer wall of the castle do still exist.
|
|
By request of Torkel Knutsson the main fortress tower was constructed in 1293. According to the Russian military historians the first fortifications consisted of a rectangular donjon type tower and the closed perimeter of a defensive wall, which surrounded the tower. Russian archaeological excavations confirm this fact. The builders constructed the tower from huge boulders, according to traditions of the Italian fortification style then dominant in Europe.
|
|
However, the reconstructed donjon is not historically accurate, as the observation deck was added at the insistence of the Odawara City tourism authorities. Plans have been discussed since the late 1960s on a more accurate restoration of the central castle grounds to its late Edo period format. These plans resulted in the reconstruction of the in 1971, the in 1997, and the in 2009.
|
|
Only twelve castles have a donjon that is considered original. The term "National Treasure" has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897. The definition and the criteria have changed since the inception of the term. These castle structures adhere to the current definition, and were designated national treasures when the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties was implemented on June 9, 1951.
|
|
Komaru Castle was established in 1575 Sassa Narimasa, one of Oda Nobunaga's generals. Along Maeda Toshiie and Fuwa Mitsuharu, he was charged with keeping the peace and suppressing the Ikkō-ikki in Echizen Province. Komaru Castle was located on a small hill at the southern edge of the Fukui Plain. The inner bailey had stone ramparts and is thought to have had a donjon.
|
|
The village was chosen as a Christian mission during the 4th and 5th centuries. An early seigneur built a simple castle with a donjon and outbuildings surrounded by fences and ditches. Around the year 1300, it is surrounded by stone walls, battlements, towers and a drawbridge. This medieval castle was burned, along with the village, by the Flemish in 1303, then bombarded by the Spanish.
|
|
This site consists of two fortified chambers without connecting masonry walls. The one at the east is a building with a vaulted rectangular hall, a defensive doorway, four towers, five extremely narrow windows, and a single embrasured loophole. The one at the west is a two-story hexagonal tower-donjon with two doors and three windows. Projecting corbels at the top once supported fighting platforms.
|
|
Mibu Castle lacked a donjon or yagura, and had two sets of concentric moats with earthen ramparts. In the center bailey was a palace used by the daimyo as their residence and administrative center. The palace was also used by the early Tokugawa shōgun as a resting place on their way to worship at the Nikkō Tōshō-gū complex, as Mibu was located on the Nikkō Kaidō.
|
|
Mangup fortress donjon On 6 June 1475, the Ottoman Albanian commander Gedik Ahmet Pasha conquered Caffa and at the end of the year, after six months of besieging Mangup, the city fell to the assailants. While much of the rest of Crimea remained part of the Crimean Khanate, now an Ottoman vassal, the former lands of Theodoro and southern Crimea were administered directly by the Sublime Porte.
|
|
Komakiyama Castle is located on Mount Komaki, an isolated high hill in the center of the Nōbi Plain in central Owari Province. The isolation of the location meant that the castle had a good view in all directions. The castle consisted of many terrances on a steep hillside, protected by stone walls and dry moats, with the inner bailey on the summit, crowned by a donjon.
|
|
In 1960, the ruins were restored, the palace walls newly erected and the donjon safeguarded. It was acquired in 1978 by the city of Weinheim. In the 1980s, archaeological examinations and conservation works were carried out, and the ground plan was found, which gave an idea of the dimensions of the fortress. Today, the ruins of a fortress Windeck are classified as a historical monument.
|
|
Theodore Evergates, The Aristocracy in the County of Champagne, 1100-1300, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007), 68. In 1105, he attacked his brother's castle of Montlhéry, where his cousin Lucienne de Rochefort, fiancée of Louis VI of France, lived. He invested the castle, but could not succeed in capturing the donjon. Louis VI soon arrived to relieve the siege, and Milo was obliged to retire.
|
|
Another entrance was located in one of the turrets. The donjon is thought to have been one of the earliest experiments in improving flanking fire from the battlements (reduction of "dead ground"), and a transitional form between the rectangular keeps of the 11th to 12th centuries, and widespread adoption of cylindrical keeps in the 13th century. Other contemporary examples can be seen at Étampes and Provins.
|
|
The first palace of Poitiers was completely destroyed by a fire in 1018. The palace was completely rebuilt, straddling the wall, by the Count-Dukes of Aquitaine, then at the pinnacle of their power. In 1104, Count William IX added a donjon on the town side. It is known as the tour Maubergeon, after his mistress Amauberge ("the Dangerous"), wife of Vicomte Aimery de Châtellerault and grandmother of Eleanor of Aquitaine.
|
|
Lassus Castle (, or Hamoir-Lassus) is a château in Hamoir in the province of Liège, Belgium. The château, which stands on the banks of the Ourthe, was formerly the residence of the hereditary mayors of the village. The oldest part is a small donjon of the early 14th century. Long the property of the de Maillen family, the buildings were entirely remodelled in the 18th century in the Louis XIVth style.
|
|
Close-up of the Norman Tower in Motta Sant'Anastasia. The Tower of Motta ("donjon" or "Keep" in English) was built between 1070 and 1074 by the will of the Count Roger of Hauteville. The massive tower with a rectangular plan, with a base of about , is about high and is a typical defensive structure of the early Middle Ages. The roof terrace retains almost intact battlements (22 merlons with rounded head).
|
|
Plan of Grünenberg Castle The first castle was probably a wooden fort from the 10th or 11th centuries. It was replaced in the 12th century by a stone curtain wall and a tower that would later be replaced by the donjon in the north-west corner. The wall had a silicate core with a shell of roughly trimmed sandstone blocks. The rock was quarried in trenches near the castle grounds.
|
|
The main courtyard and the central pavilion sat on the axis of symmetry of the complex. In the earlier castle, the main courtyard had been separated from the city by a mighty donjon. In the 18th-century castle, however, the fourth side of the square was open to the city. A balustrade with busts delineated this side of the courtyard and provided an entrance on the axis of symmetry.
|
|
The Philip Augustus' wall enclosed an area of 253 hectares; its length was 2500 metres on the Left Bank and 2600 on the Right Bank.John W. Baldwin: Paris, 1200, Aubier, historical collection, 2006, pp. 43–51 The west side was the weakest point of the defence against Norman threat. Near the Seine, Philip Augustus built Louvre castle with a fortified donjon and ten defensive towers surrounded by a moat.
|
|
However, before the French left the city they destroyed Vauban's fortifications practically completely so that of the former castle (whose main component was a donjon shown on illustrations) only a debris cone and the neck ditch remained. As a consequence of the extensive destructions of the castle and the fortifications surrounding the city a vast field of ruins covered the hill and the city for the following decades.
|
|
Château de Fléville The Château de Fléville is a castle located in the commune of Fléville-devant-Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle, in Lorraine, France. The current structure was completed in 1533 in the French Renaissance architecture style, but includes a donjon built in 1320. Fléville was one of the few châteaux in Lorraine spared by Cardinal Richelieu (acting on the orders of Louis XIII) after the Thirty Years' War.
|
|
Grünwald Castle, Donjon In 1872 the castle was sold into private hands. A project for a luxury condominium was prevented by a citizens' initiative which finally led to the purchase of the castle by the Free State of Bavaria in 1976. Since 1979 the Castle houses the Museum Grünwald, a branch of the Bavarian State Archaeological Collection. The castle can be visited, the main tower offers a worthwhile view.
|
|
The buildings and the adjoining parkland were put up for sale and bought in July 1797 by Jean-Baptiste Establet, a farmer in the village. The following year, these were resold in 33 equal parts. By 1848 most of the castle had been destroyed by the purchasers. The mayor forbade the destruction of the donjon and in May 1892 the castle was listed as one of the French Historical Monuments.
|
|
During the Second World War, the donjon was used as an observation post by German soldiers. In August 1944, just before their departure, they attempted to demolish the building with dynamite but by chance, only the northern half of the tower was destroyed, leaving the southern half as it appears today. In the 1960s the municipality constructed a meeting hall within the ancient ruined cellar of the castle.
|
|
Yūki Hideyasu established his seat at Fukui Castle and installed his retainer, Honda Tomimasa as castellan of Echizen-Fuchū. Honda renovated the castle, building a two-story donjon, a residence, tea house, and other structures. After the Meiji Restoration, the moat was filled in, the castle site became the site of an elementary school. Subsequently, the castle site was completely destroyed when the Takefu city office was constructed.
|
|
Obama Castle donjon, pre-1871 was a seaside-style castle located in what is now the city of Obama, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1976). Historical and geographical dictionary of Japan During the Edo period, it was the headquarters of a junior branch of the Sakai clan, who were hereditary daimyō of Obama Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate. The castle was also known by the name of .
|
|
In 1935, the city of Montluçon restored the castle. From that restoration, only the wood gallery was carried out. Indeed, the gothic style skylight has been poorly restored and recovered by cement, as well as the room from the second floor of the donjon. A room that seemed to be the former bedroom of the Good Duke, Louis II of Bourbon, and in which he died in August 1410.
|
|
In spring 2007, renewed excavations began in the donjon. The chapel, the buildings, gates and walls were uncovered until 2008 and re-surveyed. The evidence later provided the foundations for a reconstruction within the scope of the "Archäologie- und Landschaftsparks Kaiserpfalz Werla." Along with the sighting and checking of already known finds, new discoveries were also made. Thus, the wall plan of the earlier 9th century complex was accurately documented.
|
|
The keep, or donjon, survives largely intact from the 13th century, and forms the south-west part of the present castle. Described by architectural historian W. D. Simpson as a "cluster keep",Lindsay, pp.188-190 it comprises a large round tower to the south, a smaller round tower to the west, with the two joined by a square tower. The masonry is of squared ashlar, or dressed stone blocks.
|
|
Soon after the construction of the castle walls, three round towers were built on the north, east, and west towers. The north tower, or donjon, is the largest, comprising three or four storeys originally, and probably housed the lord's private apartments.Grove, p.11 The west tower is almost internal, barely projecting beyond the rounded corner of the curtain wall, and could only be entered via the parapet walk.
|
|
A replicated Osaka Castle has been created on the site of Hideyoshi's great donjon. The iconic castle has become a symbol of Osaka's re- emergence as a great city after its devastation in World War II. Toyotomi Hideyoshi changed Japanese society in many ways. These include the imposition of a rigid class structure, restriction on travel, and surveys of land and production. Class reforms affected commoners and warriors.
|
|
It is reached by a wide staircase opening into the keep's courtyard. A small staircase serves a guichet (now obstructed) at the foot of the bastion, at the outside of these casemates. A counter-mine gallery bypasses the foundations of tour du donjon at 15m underground, below the terre-plein. Off it leads a second series of casemates, covering the main gate and the north courtyard of the façade.
|
|
Northern tower received an addition of a bastion/plateau with six cannon. The captain's tower was turned into even more dominating feature, a 5-stories tall donjon. Its perfectly square base and considerable height were not typical for Usora castles of the time. Moreover, additional outer walls were built around the original triangular core and three big towers (Northern, Eastern, and Southern Gate) have been strengthened as well.
|
|
This date coincides with archaeological evidence of its occupation in the twelfth century. 1166 is traditionally claimed as the start year of the construction of the castle, although the inscription on the Donjon has quite deteriorated. It can, however, be read dating to 1172 or 1181. During the reign of Sancho I (1185-1211), efforts were undertaken to repopulate the village, which soon enough became the county seat.
|
|
It was the seat of the local government until 1871, when the former Ōmura Domain was merged into the new Nagasaki Prefecture. The donjon was pulled down in 1871, as were all of the supporting structures. Today, only the moat and portions of stone walls remain. In 1884, a Shinto shrine was erected on the foundations of the former keep, in honor of the spirits of the generations of Ōmura daimyō.
|
|
A tetrahedral multi-story towerntury was built here in the 14th century, probably on older foundations, as a donjon – the place of "last defense" within the castle. After 1474, King Matthias Corvinus gave orders to build a square and a residence-wing in the Middle Castle. The buildings were situated in front of the castle. In 1534 John of Dubovec obtained the castle and became head of the county.
|
|
One of the largest marine scrapyards on the East Coast, the Witte Marine Scrapyard, known as the Staten Island boat graveyard, is located at 2453 Arthur Kill Road. Now officially known as the Donjon Iron and Metal Scrap Processing Facility, the scrapyard was opened in 1964 by J. Arnold Witte, Sr.Maritime Reporter and Engineering News - Donjon: All Service, All in the Family June 4, 2004 The scrapyard is known for its large assortment of obsolete steam tugs, ferries, carfloats, and other craft. Witte acquired them faster than he could break them up; the end result is dozens of vessels slowly rotting in the muck of the Arthur Kill. A number of noteworthy vessels, including the New York City Fire Department fireboat Abram S. Hewitt, which was involved in the rescue of survivors of the 1904 General Slocum tragedy and was the last coal-burning fireboat in operation in the FDNY's fleet, can be found here.
|
|
Plan of Koga Castle Koga Castle was a flatland-style castle built on a long, narrow peninsula in the middle of the Watarase River, with the river itself and wetlands to the east and south forming part of its natural defences. The central bailey Honmaru (本丸) had three-story donjon with a similar size and style as the donjon at Matsue Castle, which was officially styled as a yagura. The Honmaru was protected by the Ni-no-Maru (二の丸) to the west and the San-no- Maru (三の丸) to the north. Further north were two large forecourts: the Marunouchi Kuruwa ( 丸の内曲輪 ) and Kannonji Kuruwa ( 観音寺曲輪 ) and to the east as the long and narrow Higashiobi Kuruwa ( 東帯曲輪), and in the south the Yorimasa Kuruwa ( 頼政曲輪) and the Tatsuzaki Kuruwa ( 辰崎曲輪 ).
|
|
Kumamoto Castle The city's most famous landmark is Kumamoto Castle, a large and once extremely well fortified Japanese castle. The donjon (castle central keep) is a concrete reconstruction built in the 1970s, but several ancillary wooden buildings from the original castle remain. The castle was assaulted during the Satsuma Rebellion and sacked and burned after a 53-day siege. It was during this time that the tradition of eating basashi (raw horse meat) originated.
|
|
A donjon or watchtower existed near this entrances, connected to a barracks. Secondary and tertiary enclosures were to the west of the inner bailey, using the natural slope of the mountain and masugata box-gates, and stone walls for defense. To the east of the inner bailey was a large flat area, which may have been used for storage or for drilling troops. Past this area was a long, narrow secondary redoubt.
|
|
The history of Amerongen is closely related to that of Castle Amerongen. This castle was first established in 1286 as a wooden donjon but was rebuilt in stone. It was damaged or destroyed by fire and rebuilt several times during the following centuries. In 1672 the Netherlands were invaded by the French army and in early 1673, the castle was deliberately burned down as a punishment for non-payment of taxes levied by the French.
|
|
Remnants of Castle Heusden The settlement of Heusden on the river Meuse (Maas) started with the construction of a fortification to replace the castle destroyed by the Duke of Brabant in 1202. This fortification was quickly expanded with water works and a donjon (castle keep). The city of Heusden received city rights in 1318. Heusden's castle had belonged to successive dukes of Brabant; in 1357 it passed into the hands of the counts of Holland.
|
|
A similar bretèche survives above the entrance to the Tour Philippe-le-Bel in Villeneuve-lès-Avignon. The two large ruined walls to the west of the donjon formed part of a rectangular building reserved for the pope and his close associates. The large ground-floor room was 26 m in length, 9 m in width and 5.5 m in height. The ceiling was supported by wooden beams with three central columns.
|
|
The main entrance to the hall was on the east side near the donjon and close to the modern steps. The top floor of the building was lit by three large windows provided with benches and three smaller rectangular windows. The irregular pattern of the windows suggests that there were several rooms, perhaps apartments for the pope. The tiled roof with two equal slopes was entirely protected by the large outer walls.
|
|
While the castle was never completed to its original design, its design is similar to the strongholds of Coucy, Kildrummy and Dirleton as it has a round keep (or donjon). The keep, while currently in ruins, was originally high and in diameter with walls which were thick. Thick walls and a powerful gatehouse were later added to the structure and the castle was considered "one of the most important military strongholds in Scotland".
|
|
The items are selected by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology based on their "especially high historical or artistic value". This list presents nine entries of National Treasures from five castles built during the late Momoyama to early Edo period; however, the number of structures is actually more because in some cases multiple structures have been combined to form a single entry. The structures listed include donjon, watch towers and connecting galleries.
|
|
Layout of Obama Castle Obama Castle was built on the shores of the Sea of Japan, on a needle- like peninsula formed by two rivers which contribute greatly to its natural defences. At the southwestern edge of the inner bailey was a 29-meter three- story donjon modelled after the Fujimi Yagura at Edo Castle.. The inner bailey was projected by a concentric outer bailey with 30 yagura watchtowers and by water moats.
|
|
The triangular shape of the castle keep survives today. Between the wall (from the north to the south tower) and the inner courtyard were the kitchens, living quarters, stables and smithy. The original entrance, protected by a donjon, was in the wall between the north and former east tower. Between the wall (from the east to the south tower) and the inner courtyard were the grand hall, cellars and the castle chapel.
|
|
One of the most striking components of the arrangement is the donjon which is also called "scoundrel's tower". He was probably established in the first third of the 13th century. The oldest view of the castle of Erich Philipp Ploennies at the beginning of the 18th century shows the tower with 23 metres substantially higher than today. The reduction on two floors occurred at rebuilding and protection work at the beginning of the 19th century.
|
|
Castle ownership had changed frequently between several noble families, the king and town Chrudim. Toward the end of the 16th century the place was reported as abandoned. During the second half of the 19th century the ruins were reconstructed in romantic style to serve as a shelter for hunts by local nobility. A rectangular dungeon (donjon, a tower), narrowly sized building and smaller tower on opposite side were cramped on the rock.
|
|
Funai Castle is a 16th-century castle, located in Ōita city, Ōita Prefecture, Japan. It was built by Ōtomo Sōrin in 1562, who owned much of the surrounding Kyūshū island. The castle was originally built with several turrets (yagura), all of which were burnt down with the three story donjon in 1743. The covered bridge that led to the castle over its moat, as well as several turrets, were rebuilt in the 20th century.
|
|
Constructed around 1120-1137 by Amaury III of Montfort, the keep or donjon is the only vestige of the medieval castle of Houdan. It is a massive tower isolated from the town in the west, once used as a water tower. The tower is cylindrical, 16 metres in diameter and 25 metres in height. It is flanked by four turrets 4.8 metres in diameter each at cardinal points on the central cylinder.
|
|
Another Japanese Architectural Historian, Miyakami Shigetaka, has accused Naitō of failing to corroborate his theory with enough documentation. All that remains of the castle today is the stone base. However, an approximate reproduction of Azuchi, based on illustrations and historical descriptions, stands in Ise Sengoku Village, a samurai theme park near Ise. In addition, a full-scale replica of the top floors of the donjon is on display at the Nobunaga no Yakata Museum near the original castle ruins.
|
|
Their rear sides were open so as to offer an invading enemy no cover. Such semi-circular or rectangular towers have survived at countless castles and fortifications. They are a further indication that a castle would not be given up even after the enceinte had been breached. The largest main tower of a medieval European castle, the mighty donjon of the French Château de Coucy, was still viewed as a threat during the First World War.
|
|
Castle of Platamon from above. The castle of Platamon. The Platamon Castle (), an important part of the history of Pieria, is a Crusader castle (built between 1204 and 1222) in northern Greece (Macedonia) and is located southeast of Mount Olympus, in a strategic position which controls the exit of the Tempe valley, through which passes the main road connecting Macedonia with Thessaly and southern Greece. The tower (donjon), which overlooks the highway, is an imposing medieval fortress.
|
|
Because of their visual connections to neighboring fortresses also a day and night reception Kreidfeuerposten was in the 16th century near the castle set to warn against Turkish raids and provided with "guns", it means cannons and arquebuses. It is an elongated complex with stronghold, a deeper front castle with gatehouses and a curtain wall. It is oriented from southwest to northeast and extends over a total length of 90 meters. A donjon was not available.
|
|
The castle is built at the summit of a hill formed by a loop of the river. The inner bailey of the castle forms a rough rectangle, with the longest side about 40 meters long. Towers project from the South and North walls, and there are towers at each corner, including an earlier square tower and a large round donjon from where the defence of the castle can be coordinated. The gate is protected by a barbican.
|
|
After the roof had been sold for scrap at the turn of the 18th century, the brickwork suffered great damage in the period that followed and this was not rectified until 1906. From 1925 to 1944, the donjon housed a local history museum. After severe damage in the Second World War, it was rebuilt in 1954 and 1955 and furnished with a roof again in 1979. Since then, it has housed the first castle museum in North Rhine-Westphalia.
|
|
It was built in the style of a typical Burgundian castle, with a square donjon of massive stone blocks with four towers at the corners.Swiss Castles.ch accessed 28 March 2016 A residential hall with a staircase tower was added around 1575 for Peter von Graffenried.Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte accessed 28 March 2016 A map by Thomas Schöpf from 1577 and a city plan from 1623/24 both show the castle surrounded by a ring wall with several small towers.
|
|
The castle in the Gothic style, has pentagonal plant reinforced by circular plan towers at the corners. Its shape, novelty in the Portuguese military architecture at the time, seems to have been inspired by the Château d'Angers, France. It is dominated post an imposing donjon of quadrangular plant, which stands at about twenty-five meters high, divided internally into two floors above the parapet line, both covered by rib vault warhead. The lower floor served as a prison.
|
|
The site consists of a single circuit wall surrounding the summit of the outcrop, several impressive rooms, an outwork protecting the south entrance, and a large donjon at the west. There are also embrasures and windows suitable for archers. In 1983 the fortress was surveyed and three years later an accurate scaled plan and description were published.Robert W. Edwards, “The Fortifications of Artvin: A Second Preliminary Report on the Marchlands of Northeast Turkey,” Dumbarton Oaks Papers 40, 1986, pp.
|
|
Built as a noble's residence, it was bought in 1430 by local peasants and fortified. It consists of a large court surrounded by walls and some buildings adjacent to the walls. In the middle of the court there is a large donjon as well as a chapel. The castle differs from most other constructions of this type in that it is not situated on a hilltop but rather in a depression, much lower than the surrounding hills.
|
|
The completed castle had two concentric moats, and a three- roof/five-story tenshu (donjon). However, in 1590, after the Battle of Odawara, the Gamō clan was rewarded by Toyotomi Hideyoshi with a transfer to Aizu-Wakamatsu (600,000 koku). Matsusaka Castle was given to a Toyotomi retainer, Hattori Kazutada. In 1595, the Hattori were purged by Hideyoshi, together with Toyotomi Hidetsugu and the domain was given to Furuta Shigekatsu, with a much-reduced revenue base of 34,000 koku.
|
|
During the Second World War an attempt was made to demolish the donjon with dynamite by German soldiers but only the northern half was destroyed; the southern half remained intact. Almost all the cultivable land is planted with grapevines. The commune is famous for the production of red wine classified as Châteauneuf-du-Pape Appellation d'origine contrôlée which is produced from grapes grown in the commune of Châteauneuf-du-Pape and in portions of four adjoining communes.
|
|
The castle suffered great damage during the 1703 Genroku earthquake, which destroyed most of the castle structures. The donjon was restored by 1706, but the rest of the castle took until 1721. Extensive damage occurred again during the 1782 Tenmei earthquake and once more during the 1853 Kaei earthquake. During the Boshin War of the Meiji restoration, Ōkubo Tadanori permitted the pro-Imperial forces of the Satchō Alliance to pass through Odawara on their way to Edo without opposition.
|
|
With the abolition of the han system in 1871, Okazaki Domain became part of Nukata Prefecture, with Okazaki Castle used as the prefectural headquarters. However, Nukata Prefecture was merged into Aichi Prefecture in 1872, and the capital of the prefecture was moved to Nagoya. In accordance with government directives in 1873, the castle was demolished, and most of its land sold off to private individuals. The current donjon was reconstructed in 1959 to boost local tourism.
|
|
The completed castle, with its huge five-story donjon was on a scale far larger than typical for a 47,000 koku daimyō. To secure his position vis-à-vis the Tokugawa shogunate, he married Tokugawa Ieyasu's niece (the widow of Fukushima Masayuki), Mate-hime (1589–1638). Nobuhira was already married at the time to Tatsu-hime, a daughter of Ishida Mitsunari. She was demoted in status to concubine and exiled to the clan's small subsidiary holding in Kozuke Province.
|
|
In September 1627, a lightning strike set the five-story donjon of Takaoka Castle on fire, which caused a warehouse filled with gunpowder to explode. The fire quickly spread to other parts of the castle and surrounding castle town. The castle was rebuilt on a smaller scale, and was renamed Hirosaki Castle in August 1628. Nobuhira developed Aomori port on Mutsu Bay as a main port for shipping to Edo, and for transit to the northern island of Ezo.
|
|
Within ten minutes, the bow section flooded and sank stern-first, trapping the remaining oil within. The stern section remained aground, but did not pose a significant oil spill threat as the majority of the oil on board had already leaked or burned. Some remaining oil that was found on board was skimmed or pumped out manually. In June 1999, Green Atlas awarded a ship breaking contract to Donjon Marine Co. and Fred Devine Diving and Salvage.
|
|
This indicated that the construction of the donjon would have taken many years and that the majority of the construction materials came from the surrounding region.Markus C. Blaich, Henning Zellmer, "Die ottonische Pfalz Werla – Überlegungen zu Baugrund und Baugestein." in H. G. Röhling & H. Zellmer (Edd.), GeoTop. „Landschaften lesen lernen“. No. 56, Hannover 2008, pp. 27–39. J. Kaminski, S. Söllig, "Pfalz Werla – Rekonstruktion und Massenermittlung zu Kapelle und „Estrichbau“." Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte 80, 2011, pp. 161–178.
|
|
To the east there is the 16th-century Chateau de Nacqueville in a landscaped park. To the west there is the 16th-century Manoir du Dur Ecu (a donjon was added later for effect) built on the site of a Roman villa. Urville-Nacqueville and its beach were the site of the last hostile British landing in August 1758, the raid on Cherbourg. English forces had previously landed in 1522 to pillage and lay waste to the area.
|
|
The gothic castle comprises the main castle with the inner courtyard and five outer courtyards. The outermost point of the main castle is the Palas with the ducal private rooms. Today it houses the castle museum, including late Gothic paintings of the Bavarian State Picture Collection. On the town side of the main castle next to the donjon are the gothic inner Chapel of St. Elizabeth (1255) and the Dürnitz (knights' hall) with its two vaulted halls.
|
|
The castle at Hames consisted of a courtyard, surrounded by four towers with a donjon. George Neville, Archbishop of York was arrested in 1472 on a charge of treason against Edward IV of England and secretly conveyed to France, where was imprisoned in the castle. Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley abandoned the castle, with the arrival of a French army led by Francis, Duke of Guise in 1558. The Duke of Guise ordered the destruction of the castle.
|
|
The oldest trace of the use of the area where the castle stood was a waste ditch and treads, dating back to the second half of the 10th century. In the 11th century it was transformed into a walled area that contained a luxury limestone building, comprising an aula, a camera, a chapel; and a donjon, which had walls of 3 m up to 4,4 m. The foundations of this complex have been excavated and documented.
|
|
The 13th century keep of Gisors It was during his period as a farmer that he employed and got to know Roger Lhomoy - Lhomoy had previously worked since 1929 as a tourist guide at the Château de Gisors in Normandy and claimed to have discovered under the tower donjon in March 1946, a secret entrance to a long basement thirty meters long, nine meters wide, and approximately four and a half meters high, saying it was a subterranean chapel dedicated to Saint Catherine. He alleged it contained nineteen sarcophagi of stone, each two meters long and sixty centimeters wide, with 30 iron coffers arranged in columns of ten. Lhomoy said it was the treasure of the Knights TemplarCharles Dauzats, "Sous le donjon de Gisors, dans une crypte fabuleuse, un homme affirme avoir vu le trésor des Templiers", in Noir et Blanc, pages 560-561, Number 913, 31 August 1962. These allegations inspired Gérard de Sède to write a magazine article about Gisors, that caught the attention of Pierre Plantard, who wrote to de Sède.
|
|
Christopher L. Koch, president and CEO, World Shipping Council Olav K. Rakkenes, former president and CEO, Atlantic Container Line Charles G. Raymond, chairman, CEO and president, Horizon Lines Paul F. Richardson, principal, Paul F. Richardson & Associates Henk Van Hemmen, president emeritus, Martin, Ottaway Van Hemmen & Dolan Inc.:. Henk van Hemmen Obituary. John Arnold Witte, Sr., CEO and president, Donjon Marine Co., Inc. :10th International Maritime Hall of Fame Honored Seven Well-Known Maritime Leaders May 14, 2003 at United Nations. MotivatorsConference.com.
|
|
Once a four-story masonry residential and defensive tower, it was later extended and at the turn of the 16th and 17th century was converted into a stately house. The tower was retained and topped with an onion dome. The donjon was integrated into the house and can no longer be seen as a tower from the outside. The house had three levels with comfortable rooms, a large hall, a large and beautiful chapel and vaults, and well-built stone cellars.
|
|
In his villa here, Theoduadum palatium, Louis the Pious was informed of the death of his father Charlemagne in 814 and hurried to Aachen to be crowned. The villa was turned into a motte in the 10th century, around which the village developed, in part in excavated troglodyte dwellings. In 1055 the site was identified as Doedus, then Docium in 1177. Doué-la-Fontaine is the site of the oldest habitable donjon (keep) in France, dating back to the year 900.
|
|
The castle took 12 years to complete, and was on a large scale with am inner bailey, second and third bailey, and an outer enclosure, all surrounded by moats and stone walls. The total dimensions of the castle were approximately 500 meter by 400 meters. Also of note was that Tanuma constructed a three-story donjon, which was very rare for the mid-Edo period. He also developed the town surrounding the castle as a jōkamachi and encouraged the development of commerce.
|
|
Due to the lack of residences in the castle, in 1429, an administrative and residential wing was added to the west of the keep, built in late Gothic style, and known as the "new castle". The castle was the seat of the local court and since at least the 17th century there was a prison under the roof of the donjon. In 1886 a new prison was built on the castle grounds. Two years later, in 1888, the museum opened in the castle.
|
|
The first line of fortification was the work of Francis I; the second line and the donjon date back to the 11th century. The church of Arques, a building of the 16th century, preserves a stone rood screen, statuary, stained glass and other relics of the Renaissance period. Just outside the town is the World War I Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery, designed by J R Truelove, the final resting place of 377 men of the South African Native Labour Corps.
|
|
At its greatest extent, it included all of the modern counties of Fingal, Meath (which takes its name from the kingdom), Westmeath as well as parts of counties Cavan, Kildare, Longford, Louth and Offaly. The Lordship's caput was Trim Castle. With an area of 30,000 m², it is the largest castle in Ireland. The design of the central three-story keep (also known as a donjon or great tower) is unique for a Norman keep being of cruciform shape, with twenty corners.
|
|
The northwest tower, known as the Douglas Tower, was circular in plan and across, although the west side has collapsed. Seven storeys high, this tower would have formed the lord's "donjon", or keep, containing his private accommodation, and connecting to the hall in the north range. The lowest storey was a pit prison and the timber- floored chambers above were square, with vaulted garderobes or privies. The East Tower is of D-plan, with the curved face outwards, and is across.
|
|
Kuwana then came under the control of Honda Tadakatsu, who built a new castle on the riverbank on what was roughly the site of the old Higashi Castle. Under the Honda, Kuwana-juku developed as a prosperous post town on the vital Tōkaidō highway connecting Edo with Kyoto. Kuwana Castle at this point was protected on three sides by a river. It had a six-story donjon 3 three-story yagura, 24 two-story yagura, 12 one-story yagura and 46 gates.
|
|
The octagon stage tower, flanking the donjon, was erected in 1471; the bay window was added in 1620. Above the doorway the coat of arms of the Greiffenclau family is to be seen. In 1684 the present two-winged manor house was built by Georg Phillip Greiffenclau von Vollrads near the tower. His son Johann Erwein erected the estate buildings around 1700, as well as boundary walls around the manor garden, and finally equipped the tower with a typical baroque roof.
|
|
It was subsequently ruled by various daimyō in the early Edo period, until it came into the possession of the Inagaki clan in 1725. The Inagaki ruled the 30,000 koku Toba Domain for eight generations until the Meiji restoration. The three-story tenshu (donjon) of the castle, built in 1633, was destroyed in 1854 during one of the Ansei great earthquakes and was not rebuilt. The remaining structures of the castle were destroyed in 1871 by orders of the new Meiji government.
|
|
The Château des Allymes is representative of the medieval stone castle—a large ancient stronghold, firmly built on the side of a hill and commanding the plain below. It also has two towers, connected by curtain walls. The exterior consists of a large wall long terminating in a lookout tower that once protected an adjoining town. The quadrangular enclosure of the castle is flanked by a large cylindrical donjon of the Roman type and by a round tower connected by four curtain walls.
|
|
Le Capitole (alternatively written Capitole) was an express train between Paris and Toulouse in France. Introduced in 1960, it was operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer français ("French National Railway Corporation") (SNCF). It was also the SNCF’s first foray into high-speed commercial service above . The train was named after the Capitole de Toulouse, a mainly 18th century building in Toulouse that houses the Hôtel de Ville, the Théâtre du Capitole (opera house), and the Donjon du Capitole (16th century).
|
|
In 1317, one year after his election, Pope John XXII ordered the construction of a castle at the top of the hill above the village. Some of the stone may have been from a local quarry but most was probably imported from Courthézon. The mortar and the roof tiles would have been manufactured in the village. To provide water, between August 1318 and July 1319, a large deep well was dug in the courtyard to the northeast of the donjon.
|
|
View of the town The Fortress of the Lion was built by Emperor Frederick II. The pentagonal-shaped castle, was completed in 1247 CE by the monk-architect Elia from Cortona. The castle features square towers in four of its corners and a triangular shaped bastion, or donjon, known as the Mastio in the other. The castle was designed to give its owners strategic control over all of Lake Trasimeno. The castle has withstood a number of sieges over the subsequent centuries.
|
|
One of the last structures built during this period was the donjon, which was the work of the Conestable of Castile, Miguel Lucas de Iranzo. The builders of the new castle used some of the towers and ramparts of the old fortress, and destroyed or replaced others. The construction in 1965 of the parador resulted in destruction of many of the elements of the Old Castle. The few remnants of the original fortress occupy the western extreme of the hill.
|
|
The best-preserved part of Prince Lazar's former capital is the palace church of St. Stephen, Lazarica. Little is left today of the Hard town of Kruševac, as it was called by Constantine of Kostenets. Today, the surviving remains consist of the Donjon Tower, through which one entered the city, and part of the eastern wall. Inside the towers today are a hallway with a staircase still remains; this once gave access to higher levels and to an exit onto the city walls.
|
|
Grandson: Cavin SA. The castle at Flint has also been described as a "classic Carrė Savoyard" as it is very similar to Yverdon Castle. Its ground dimensions are a third bigger but it shares the classic shape and style, along with the use of a corner tower as keep (donjon). Most historians attribute this to input from Edward's premier architect and castle builder James of Saint GeorgeDean, Robert J. "Castles in Distant Lands: The Life and Times of Othon de Grandson". 2009, 27.
|
|
However, the Hōjō castellan Inomata Kuninori was dissatisfied with this arrangement and attacked the Sanada. However, after the defeat of the Hojo at the Battle of Odawara in 1590 the control of Numata was firmly restored to the Sanada. Sanada Nobuyuki comprehensively rebuilt on a vast scale Numata Castle in 1597, incorporating stone walls and a large five-story donjon and several three- story yagura. Numata became a separate domain from the main Sanada holding at Ueda Castle in 1656.
|
|
The commune is located in the parc naturel régional de la Brenne. The river La Creuse borders the commune to the south. There is one bridge crossing over La Creuse in Ciron that connects the commune with the medieval chateau of Romefort, which dates from the era of the Hundred Year War between the English and the French crowns. Romefort consists of the donjon and a residential wing, and there is the ruins of a notable attached watermill by the Creuse river.
|
|
11 The hall had double-lancet windows, decorated with carved patterns, which were later blocked up; their outlines can be seen in the east curtain wall. A second range stood along the north-west wall, and would have been connected to the hall range by the donjon tower. The ground floor housed a kitchen. In 1725 the range was remodelled into a two-storey house, accessed via a stone stair, and topped with the dormer windows which now form part of the gatehouse.
|
|
Shimabara Castle is a , located between Ariake Bay and Mount Unzen. The outer moats, some 15 meters deep and between 30–50 meters wide, extended 360 meters east-west and 1260 meters north-south, with the enclosed area divided into three baileys. The walls extended for 3900 meters and had 16 yagura of various sizes at key points. The main donjon had five stories, and a height of 33 meters, and was connected to two secondary keeps, each with three stories.
|
|
Nishio Castle dates to the Kamakura period with a fortification called Saijō-jō was built by Ashikaga Yoshiuji in around 1221. The Saijō was a cadet branch of the Ashikaga clan and late changed their name to "Kira", serving the Sunpu-based Imagawa clan. After the Battle of Okehazama in 1600, the castle was captured by Tokugawa Ieyasu. He assigned it to one of his generals, Sakai Shigetada, who rebuilt it with moats, stone walls, several yagura, gates and a donjon.
|
|
A faux donjon was recreated on the summit in 1967 and renovated in 2006. The building was modeled after the Hiunkaku Pavilion of the temple of Nishi Hongan-ji in Kyoto and is thus not a historically accurate reconstruction. It houses the Komaki City Historical Museum with examples of samurai armor, Japanese swords and early firearms, roof tiles, and other artifacts uncovered during excavations in the castle grounds. The site is a 20 minutes walk from Meitetsu Komaki Line Komaki Station.
|
|
Baldwin II, Count of Guînes began construction of a castle at Sangatte in 1190 on top of an ancient fort, consisting of a courtyard, surrounded by towers with a donjon. In 1214, the castle was slighted by Ferdinand, Count of Flanders. The castle fell to the English in 1349 and became the western outpost of the English held Pale of Calais. Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy captured Sangatte in 1436 with a force of Flemish militia and sacked the castle.
|
|
Ieyasu, acting as the , remained the effective ruler of Japan until his death. Ieyasu retired to Sunpu Castle in Sunpu, but he also supervised the building of Edo Castle, a massive construction project which lasted for the rest of Ieyasu's life. The result was the largest castle in all of Japan, the costs for building the castle being borne by all the other daimyōs, while Ieyasu reaped all the benefits. The central donjon, or tenshu, burned in the 1657 Meireki fire.
|
|
As it was intended as only a temporary frontline base, Genbao Castle did not have massive stone walls or a huge donjon. Nothing remains of the castle today except for overgrown remnants of the moats and earthenworks. The castle served as the headquarters for Shibata Katsuie during the Battle of Shizugatake, after the broke with Toyotomi Hideyoshi of the question of the succession to Oda Nobunaga. The castle was listed as one of the Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles in 2017.
|
|
The abbey was founded in 1224 by Barthélemy de Roye, chamberlain of King Philippe-Auguste. It was built close to the donjon or fortress of Montjoye, where (as the canons maintained) the oriflamme, the standard given to Charlemagne by Pope Leo III, was anciently preserved and (according to legend) the location of the Fontaine des Lys, the site of the conversion of Clovis.Dutilleux, A.: Abbaye de Joyenval. Mémoires de la Société historique et archéologique de l'arrondissement de Pontoise et du Vexin (1890), vol.
|
|
The village of Yahmur is located in the coastal plain between Tartus and Tripoli. Consequently, Chastel Rouge did not possess natural defences, as many other castles did. The stronghold consists in a two- floor donjon, 16 metres long and 14 metres wide, enclosed in rectangular outer walls of 42 metres' length and 37 metres' width, with towers on the north- western and south-eastern angles. The first floor was divided in two storeys by a wooden floor that does not exist any more.
|
|
197 Beyond the entrance is a triple doorway of rounded arcs, which now provides entry onto the grounds. Central to the completed structure is the donjon or keep, whose first floor provides a grated access-way to the dungeons. The keep's entrance-hall has a rectangular window and staircase that provides access to the second floor. The second- floor hall, also with a rectangular window and arched doorway, leads onto the vestiges of the veranda, while another doorway leads to the superior floor access to the battlements.
|
|
Alice was born in 1160, the second eldest daughter and one of the ten children of Peter I of Courtenay and Elisabeth of Courtenay, daughter of Renauld de Courtenay and Hawise du Donjon. Her family was one of the most illustrious in France; and her paternal grandparents were King Louis VI of France and Adélaide de Maurienne. Her eldest brother Peter became the Latin emperor of Constantinople in 1216. Alice's first husband was Andrew, lord of La Ferté-Gaucher, Champagne, whom she married some time after 1169.
|
|
The Château d'Étampes was an early 10th-century stronghold of Robert the Pious, King of France, that comprised both a palace proper and motte. Between 1130 and 1150, a new castle was created overlooking the valley, culminating in a strong keep or donjon: the present Tour de Guinette. The Château was extended under later kings, notably Philip II of France, but suffered through sieges in the Hundred Years War before having been ordered destroyed by Henry IV of France, after which only the keep remained.
|
|
This was superseded by a stone structure built in 1210 by Justiciar John de Gray. Becoming known as Athlone Castle, this 12-sided donjon dates from the 13th century. Other parts of the castle were largely destroyed during the Siege of Athlone and the external defences were subsequently rebuilt and enlarged. The currently visible battlements and cannon emplacements were installed to prevent a French fleet from sailing up the River Shannon and establishing a bridgehead in Lough Ree (likewise south of Athlone at Shannonbridge, near Clonmacnoise).
|
|
Upper town's surface is around 400 square meters overall. It had two diagonally placed towers: one being the access tower towards the lower town, and the other being a large donjon tower in the northwestern corner. Surface of the lower town is believed to be as big as 1400 square meters. Based on the pottery found in the compound, as well as some preserved details of the fortification, indicates that the town had a significant importance during the times of Desa Vukanović, Stefan Nemanja, and his successors.
|
|
Moyland Castle, view from the south (March 2005) The palace complex consists of a closed, four-towered main keep, which is southeast of farm buildings in the front. The latter is home to a museum café, museum administration, the library and a space for changing exhibitions. The two- story main building of brick is presented in historicist Tudor style with battlements on corbels . The four floors of the former donjon on the southeast corner of the main keep were in 2008 crowned by a polygonal lantern roof.
|
|
These works were carried out between 1965 and 1974 by the Architectural Service of the DGAM, the Directorate General of the Dam and UNESCO at a cost of 4 million Syrian pounds. The restoration focused primarily on the eastern walls and towers. In addition, parts of the western ramparts were restored, as well as the donjon Alia, which was intended to house a museum for the finds of the excavations at the castle. To facilitate the restoration, a small brickworks was established at the castle.
|
|
There are several surviving plaster statues which repeat a model with only slight variations. His works, mostly portraits and nudes exemplifying a calm classicism, are in the collections of over thirty museums in France and over 100 museums around the world, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Museum of Modern Art in New York owns the bronze Assia, perhaps his best-known work. The largest collection is in his native Mont-de-Marsan, in a museum he shares with Robert Wlérick, established in the Donjon Lacataye.
|
|
In 1336 the English returned again, this time under Edward III. The English king had the castle repaired, and again made it his headquarters in Scotland. The following year, however, Sir Andrew Murray, nephew of Sir William and the rightful owner of Bothwell, recaptured the stronghold, again using siege engines. Following his victory he slighted the castle once more, pulling down the west side of the donjon and tumbling it into the Clyde, in order that it could not be reoccupied by the enemy.
|
|
The 14th-century keep of Château de Vincennes near Paris towers above the castle's curtain wall. The wall exhibits features common to castle architecture: a gatehouse, corner towers, and machicolations. A keep was a great tower and usually the most strongly defended point of a castle before the introduction of concentric defence. "Keep" was not a term used in the medieval period – the term was applied from the 16th century onwards – instead "donjon" was used to refer to great towers, or turris in Latin.
|
|
Built at the request of Philip II Augustus at the beginning of the 13th century in the place of a wooden fortress, it is characteristic of the military architecture of this period. The castle is built on a square pattern, with towers at three of the corners and an isolated donjon at the fourth. The walls are punctuated by towers in the middle of each side, and two, on the east side, flank the gate. A deep stone-lined dry moat follows the outline of the castle.
|
|
On 19 January 1650 he was charged with escorting the arrested dukes of Conti, Condé and Longueville to the donjon at the château de Vincennes.Jacques de Saulx, comte de Tavannes, Mémoires, 1858:22. Mazarin's promise of the rank of Marshal was extracted only at the price of pressures brought by court intrigues, in which César Phoebus was supported by his cousin Madame de Montespan, who was soon to supplant the young Louise de La Vallière in the King's affections. The title of duke continued to elude him.
|
|
Following the Battle of Odawara in 1590, Toyotomi Hideyoshi transferred Tokugawa Ieyasu to the Kantō region, and gave a portion of his former territories in eastern Mikawa to Ikeda Terumasa. Terumasa developed the castle town around Yoshida Castle and embarked on a massive and ambitious expansion plan for the castle itself. However, following the Battle of Sekigahara, he was reassigned to Himeji Castle, and left Yoshida even before a central donjon had been completed. Following the creation of the Tokugawa shogunate, Yoshida became center of Yoshida Domain.
|
|
Jin'ya were equivalent in function to Japanese castles (城, shiro), typically used as the administrative seats of larger domains. Generally, domains assessed at 30,000 koku or less had a jin'ya instead of a castle. Additionally, jin'ya were found on shogunal lands and those headed by hatamoto, and within larger domains served as district headquarters (gun daikan-sho) and in geographical exclaves. Some jin'ya were fortified, such as the Komono Jin'ya in Komono, Mie Prefecture, which featured a watchtower (yagura) mimicking the donjon of a castle.
|
|
The castle differed little from English castles but its striking feature was a 144-foot donjon of six storeys completed in 1475, isolated from the rest of the castle, by a moat. It was on the sixth floor of this Tour d'Elven that Henry, Duke of Richmond spent two years. Elven was part of the Chouannerie, a royalist uprising at the end of the eighteenth century. Indeed, the head Chouan Joseph Gambert, captain of the canton's companies, was killed near the village of Panistrel in 1794.
|
|
At the resumptiuon of excavation in 1957, Hermann Schroller was once again appointed as the head of excavation. After his unexpected death in 1959, his students Gudrun Stelzer and Carl-Heinrich Seebach continued the excavations until 1964. A large part of the donjon was excavated; it is considered almost completely explored. Furthermore, traces of earlier structures were documented in detail for the first time and the significance of the renovations during the High Middle Ages to the development of the palace came to be recognised.
|
|
Honjō Castle was awarded to Murakami Yorikatsu in 1598, who rebuilt it in the contemporary style with stone ramparts and who renamed it Murakami Castle. The Murakami were followed in 1618 by the Hori clan, who added a three-story donjon and rebuilt the surrounding castle town into what would eventually become the city of Murakami. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, Murakami saw a frequent change in rulers. The Hori were replaced by the Honda clan in 1643, followed by a branch of the Matsudaira clan in 1649.
|
|
Mount Gagyū is long and narrow extending in a north to south direction, with the main areas of the castle spread along this ridge. The inner bailey is located at the top of the mountain, and at the southwest corner there was a three story donjon. On the northern corner of the inner bailey was a beak shaped terrace with a long and narrow secondary bailey (kuruwa), extending to the main gate. The stone walls of the inner bailey follow the contour of the original terrain.
|
|
They responded well to the demands of the new women's spirituality of the 13th century. Joan also supported hospitals (including Saint-Sauveur and Saint-Nicolas in Lille) and leper colonies. In 1228, with her husband Ferrand, she provided a way for the founding of the Biloke in Ghent. In February 1237, she founded the Hospice Comtesse, for which she donated the gardens of her residence in the castrum of Lille at the site of the old donjon which was destroyed by the French in 1213.
|
|
The shape of the castle, even during its first construction phase, corresponded largely to its present dimensions. It was protected by an enceinte and moats; in those days the Rhine flowed, according to historical engravings, immediately past its southern front - unlike today, where there is a road and wide riverbank zone between the castle and the river. However, the enceinte was thinner (1.6-1.7 metres) and lower than it is today. In the southeast corner there used to be a tower house (donjon), now gone.
|
|
At Crépy, Ralph received the living quarters and the outbuildings, while the donjon went to Theobald. The castle was thus a kind of condominium between the brothers. Ralph's father had been a supporter of Count Odo II of Blois against King Henry I. After Odo's death in 1037, Ralph continued to support Odo's two sons, counts Theobald III of Blois and Stephen II of Troyes. He took advantage of the fighting in the Beauvaisis, however, to break free from his inherited vassalage to the count of Troyes.
|
|
Similarly, in 1976, the walls and roof were repaired, while the door to the chapel and altar were renovated, and in 1986, while lighting was updated on the grounds, the roof was repaired once more. In 1987-1988, repairs to the donjon (plaster, masonry and pavement) were completed. On 1 June 1992, the property was transferred to the IPPAR (Instituto Português do Património Arquitectónico), under decree-law 106F/92. The institute, before being absorbed into the IGESPAR, was responsible for a complete restoration and conservation of the Castle.
|
|
III (Henry G. Bohn, London, 1854), p. 420 Orderic Vitalis described her: "The Countess was distinguished for her wit and beauty; she was one of the tallest women in all Evreux, and of very high birth, being the daughter of William, the illustrious count of Nevers." But she was headstrong and bold in her political affairs, often ignoring the council of her husband's barons. After numerous complaints against her to the king, and that she had the king's donjon leveled at Évreux; this caused both William and Helvise to be exiled on two occasions.
|
|
The castellan at this time was Naoe Kanetsugu. However, after the Battle of Sekigahara, the Uesugi were stripped of most of their holdings by Tokugawa Ieyasu, and were reduced to a 300,000 koku domain centered on Yonezawa. From 1608-1613, the Uesugi completely renovated the castle. However, due to the reduction in size of their holdings as compared with Aizu and the suspicion with which the clan was viewed by the Tokugawa shogunate, the defensive earthen works were not faced with stone, and donjon was kept to a modest three-stories.
|
|
SANU, National Center for Digitization, Cultural Monuments in Serbia: Ostaci tvrđave Gradište-Čajlije The fort is in ruins, of which a donjon tower, and outlines of other buildings, can be identified. The entrance to the city, at the north, was protected by a tower. From that tower, a rampart continued, with another tower, from where a defensive wall stretched to the foot of the hill, towards the Lepenac. Gotovuša is mentioned for the first time in an Ottoman defter (tax register) of 1455, as a great village with 64 Serb houses, and an Orthodox priest.
|
|
Another major remodelling was carried between 1907 and 1920 under the supervision of "Puck" Chaudoir, a wealthy banker from Liège and the then owner. Of the important outbuildings and supporting structures of the medieval and 18th century phases there now remain only the stables and barns surrounding a courtyard. The least modernised parts of the principal building are the river frontage and the donjon. As well as a small internal chapel set up in 1633 by the de Maillen family, there is a chapel dedicated to Saint Peter opposite the castle, founded in 1396.
|
|
Ommerstein Castle () is a castle in the village of Rotem in the municipality of Dilsen-Stokkem, province of Limburg, Belgium. The history of the castle goes back to the 13th century, but most of the present Neo-classical building dates from the 18th century, although the donjon survives from earlier. The surrounding park is distinguished by its possession of a number of giant sequoias and cedars of Lebanon, including one believed to be the thickest in Belgium.De Libanonceder van Ommerstein There are also several ponds round the castle.
|
|
200px Bonneville Castle () is a stately home in Andenne, province of Namur, Belgium. Originally a farmhouse with a 15th-century donjon, it was acquired in 1617 by Jacques de Zualart, who began an extensive rebuilding, the continuance of which ruined his son, Tilmant de Zualart. In about 1690 the château became the property of his principal creditor, Jean-Hubert de Tignée, whose descendants still own it. The present building is in the Maasland Renaissance style of the 17th century works, with attractive 18th century additions and French gardens.
|
|
The castle of Toron occupies a steep hill, in fact a Bronze Age tell, north to the village of Tibnin, at a height of above sea level. It is oval in shape with its outline following the contours of the tell. It once had twelve rectangular towers with one of them - to the south - having been the donjon. The castle, razed in 1266 by the Mamluks was rebuilt 500 years later in the mid-18th century by a local Shiite sheik during his struggle against the Ottoman rule.
|
|
He later wrote that the Scots, "love me worst of any Inglisheman living, by reason that I fande the body of the King of Scotts."Mackie, R. L., King James IV. Oliver & Boyd (1958), p.269: Letters & Papers Henry VIII, vol.1 (1920), no. 2193 Dacre organised repairs at Wark Castle in 1517 obtaining money from Cardinal Wolsey and employing the Master Mason of Berwick to design new fortifications. In June 1518 he wrote that the new donjon or keep was finished, and fit to mount great cannon on each vaulted floor.
|
|
Willem van Berchem, who himself lived at Wommelgem, built a castle at Oostmalle between 1431 and 1464. He was married to Mechtildis Cock van Werdenborgh. Nothing remains of this original castle, and the only remaining visible vestiges are the donjon which now is the articulation point of the castle and the so-called tournament beam which is now placed above the fireplace in the knight room. In 1459 his daughter Elisabeth married Wouter van Hamal, who thereby inherited the Oostmalle domain, and added vast property in Limburg and Liege.
|
|
According to Evliya Çelebi, the fortification dates back to era of Nemanjić dynasty. The first mention of the fortification were in documents from 1448 and 1454, where it is mentioned as a border fortification of Stjepan Vukčić Kosača, who seized control of Polimlje area in those years. The role of Kovin was overlooking the passage through the gorge of river Lim, between Prijepolje and Bistrica. Today, the best kept part of the fortification is a section of donjon tower, located on a highest terrace of the rock on which it was built.
|
|
In 1960, Gilbert Olivier replaced Father Donjon at the head of ESSEC. The arrival of this layman at the head of the school, coupled with developments related to competition, will sway the Christian identity of the school. He began by launching a survey of students on the content of courses and the pedagogy put in place: only 47% of first year students were satisfied, 21% of second years and 22% of third years. The poorly personalised pedagogy and the preponderance of the courses of rights taught by professors of the ICP is denounced.
|
|
In 1907/1908 Countess Clara Matuschka-Greiffenclau had the buildings remodelled. She increased the height of the southern wing of the mansion by a third floor, added two towers with an onion dome, and enlarged the terraces and the bay windows at the Donjon. In 1975 Erwein Matuschka Greiffenclau took charge of the property, which was heavily in debt. Although an important figure in the emergence of a new or rediscovered style of high quality dry Rheingau wine in the 1980s and 1990s, he was not successful in reorganising his estate.
|
|
A plan of Château Gaillard by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, with north pointing to the bottom-left hand corner. The inner- bailey and keep is at the bottom of the plan and the outer-bailey is at the top. But there is at least one mistake, the tower supposed to contain the latrins on the right of the keep, was not round but square. Château Gaillard consists of three baileys—an inner, a middle, and an outer with the main entrance to the castle—and a keep, also called a donjon, in the inner-bailey.
|
|
She hired architect William Henry Miller to build a mansion in 1878. Two years later, construction began on what had been Cornell University land between Fall River and University Avenue in Ithaca. The house had Gothic architectural details like bartizans, turrets, and donjon keeps. Southworth Library, Dryden, New York established by Jennie McGraw in memory of her mother, Rhoda Southworth McGraw, and her grandfather, John Southworth Like her father, who did not have the benefit of a good education, McGraw believed in the importance of the creating a "world-class university library".
|
|
Environmentalists called the Irving Whale "a pollution timebomb" as the Whale was in a "very rich fishing area"-an "ecological system" that stretches far into the southern Gulf of Saint Lawrence. In March 1995 Environment Canada reached an agreement with an Irving Oil company—Atlantic Towing Ltd.—to provide assistance in the salvage operation, and with Irving Shipbuilding, who would clean and recover of Irving Whale upon her salvage. In June 1995, Donjon McAllister Joint Venture of New Jersey won the contract to lift Irving Whale with a tendered price of $12.1 million.
|
|
The graveyard photographed in 1973 The Staten Island boat graveyard is a marine scrapyard located in the Arthur Kill in Rossville, near the Fresh Kills Landfill, on the West Shore of Staten Island, New York City. The place has been recognized as an official dumping ground for old wrecked tugboats, barges and decommissioned ferries. It is known by many other names including the Witte Marine Scrap Yard, the Arthur Kill Boat Yard, and the Tugboat Graveyard. Its official name as of 2014 is the Donjon Iron and Metal Scrap Processing Facility.
|
|
He ordered the castle completely reconstructed in 1592 after lessons learned during Japanese invasions of Korea, and invited Takayama Ukon, the Kirishitan daimyō known for his expertise in castle design to assist with the construction. The new castle originally had a six-story donjon, which burned down in 1602 and was never rebuilt. Instead, the Inner bailey was used for the Hon-maru palace, or residence of the Maeda clan, with a three-story yagura turret. The castle burned down in 1631, and was modified extensively at that time.
|
|
Bouchout Castle () is a castle in the Flemish town of Meise, Belgium. In the 12th century, this territory of the young Duchy of Brabant was strategically positioned between the County of Flanders and the Berthout family, lords of Grimbergen. Most likely, the first fortification was built by Wouter van Craaynem at the end of the Grimbergen Wars (1150–1170). Bouchout Castle is situated at an altitude of 32 meters. At about 1300, the Donjon tower of Bouchout Castle was erected by Daniel van Bouchout, a knight who fought gloriously at the Battle of Worringen.
|
|
The towers would have protruded from the walls and featured arrowslits on each level to allow archers to target anyone nearing or at the curtain wall. Paderne Castle, Portugal These later castles did not always have a keep, but this may have been because the more complex design of the castle as a whole drove up costs and the keep was sacrificed to save money. The larger towers provided space for habitation to make up for the loss of the donjon. Where keeps did exist, they were no longer square but polygonal or cylindrical.
|
|
Orphaned at the age of 9, he was a notorious libertine. The couple married in the original (vieux) donjon of the château de Rohan in the town of Saverne on 6 November 1741. Presiding over the ceremony was the bridegroom's brother, Armand de Rohan, bishop of Strasbourg. Anne Thérèse had a step- daughter, Charlotte de Rohan, future wife of Louis Joseph de Bourbon, prince de Condé and grandmother of Louis Antoine Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Enghien, an émigré whose seizure and execution by personal order of Napoleon I would shock Europe in 1804.
|
|
The Kyōgoku clan was replaced by Sakai Tadakatsu, an important retainer of the shogunate, who had served as Tairō under shōgun Tokugawa Iemitsu and Tokugawa Ietsuna. He modified the layout of the castle and completed it in 1641. The Sakai clan continued to rule from Obama Castle for fourteen generations over 237 years to the end of the Edo period. Most of the castle was destroyed by a fire in 1871 during the construction of an Imperial Japanese Army barracks, and although the donjon survived, it was scrapped in 1875.
|
|
It was transferred to Northumberland in 1844. It was on the Tweed here that Edward I of England met the Scots nobility in 1292 to decide on the future king of Scotland. Sir Walter Scott gained fame as a poet, particularly with Marmion set around the Battle of Flodden in 1513. It begins: ::::Day set on Norham's castled steep, ::::And Tweed's fair river, broad and deep, ::::And Cheviot's mountains lone: ::::The battled towers, the donjon keep, ::::The loophole grates where captives weep, ::::The flanking walls that round it sweep, ::::In yellow lustre shone.
|
|
Among some of the notable personages who resided in the castle were Philip IV of France's daughter-in- law, Joan II, Countess of Burgundy, detained there from 1314 to 1315 in relation to the Tour de Nesle affair, and La Hire, one of Joan of Arc's comrades-in-arms. At the end of the 17th century, the Château de Dourdan was given to the Duke of Orléans who turned it into prison. The donjon was used as a prison until 1852. It now houses a museum of local history.
|
|
Ybl also built a new waterworks pumping station, named Várkert-kioszk (Royal Garden Kiosk), and two stair towers against the medieval cortina walls. The southern stair tower followed French Renaissance style, resembling a small turreted castle, while the northern stair tower was similar to a Gothic brick donjon (a fortified main tower from a castle, also called a keep). Only Várkert-bazár and Várkert- kioszk survive currently. The Danube terrace with Eugene of Savoy's monument In 1882 Prime Minister Kálmán Tisza charged Ybl with drawing a master plan for rebuilding the palace.
|
|
The castle burned down in 1775, but with the exception of the donjon was reconstructed by 1795. Throughout its history, Ōno suffered from severe financial problems; however, Doi Toshitada (1811-1869) implemented substantial reforms and introduced rangaku and western technology. Although a small domain, Ōno was noted in the Bakumatsu period for its westernised army and its han school. Following the Meiji restoration, the castle was pulled down, with the exception of a couple of gates which were given to nearby Buddhist temples, and the area was used for government buildings.
|
|
Hamamatsu Castle was approximately 500 meters north-south by 450 meters east-west. The location has few natural barriers, but the castle utilizes the natural slope of the Mikatagahara plateau, with the donjon at the highest point in the northwest. To east was the inner bailey, followed by the second bailey and third bailey roughly in a straight line to the southeast. The stone walls were constructed in the nozura-zumi style using unshaped stones, with the ruins of the fortifications of the original Hikuma Castle also forming part of the outer defenses.
|
|
Peter II was a son of Peter I of Courtenay (died 1183), the youngest son of Louis VI of France and his second wife, Adélaide de Maurienne. His mother was Elisabeth de Courtenay, daughter of Renaud de Courtenay (died 1194) and Hawise du Donjon. Peter first married Agnes I, via whom he obtained the three counties of Nevers, Auxerre, and Tonnerre. He took for his second wife Yolanda of Flanders (died 1219), a sister of Baldwin and Henry of Flanders, who were afterwards the first and second emperors of the Latin Empire of Constantinople.
|
|
Thus the construction of the bailey has to be divided into at least two phases. In the palatial period, then, the bailey was considerablyu smaller than it was later and was first expanded to the west and fortified with an additional ditch in the High Middle Ages. Part of this development is probably indicated by another ditch, which was discovered in the area of the so-called Chapel Hill (Kapellenberg). On this hill, the external remains of stone buildings were discovered which were probably built in connection with the foundation of another donjon.
|
|
The castle was built in 1229, by Philip I, Count of Boulogne, to the north west of the port, consisting of a square courtyard, surrounded by six towers with a donjon. King Edward III of England captured the town and castle after a siege in 1347. The English foiled by ambushing an unsuspecting French force which was attempting to take the city by stealth in 1349. The French commander, Geoffrey de Charny, had attempted to bribe Amerigo of Pavia, an officer of the garrison, to open a tower gate for them.
|
|
Motte of château de Guînes. Baldwin II, Count of Guînes, began construction of a castle at Guînes on top of an ancient fort in the late 12th century, consisting of a courtyard, surrounded by towers with a donjon. After the capture of Calais by King Edward III of England in 1349, the castle was captured by the English in 1352 by an English force led by the valet John of Doncaster. In 1360, the Treaty of Brétigny surrendered the city and its county to England becoming part of the Pale of Calais.
|
|
Flanked by the bastion de Sourdéac, with one tower of the keep reinforced, the keep was completed by Vauban from 1683 onwards. One wall and vaulted rooms linked the tour du Midi and the tour du Donjon, and the keep's pepper-pot roofs vanished in favour of vast platforms for powerful artillery pieces. Finally, in the 19th century, the keep was pierced by bays. The first floor now houses the main rooms of the port archive, and the upper floor houses an oratory and the library of the French Navy.
|
|
The tower diagonally opposite, which has survived, also originates from this first phase and served to defend the gate (gate tower) as well as acting as a bergfried. At that time, its height reached up to the upper edge of the present fighting platform. During the second construction phase, the outer wall was reinforced, cladded with brick and raised. Other buildings were built onto the donjon up to the same height, and completely vaulted in up to four storeys (a unique design for a castle on the Rhine); thus a quadrangular structure was created.
|
|
Frankish confidence in the truce was not high. In April 1193, Geoffroy de Donjon, the Grand Master of the Hospitaller wrote in a letter, "We know for certain that since the loss of the land the inheritance of Christ cannot easily be regained. The land held by the Christians during the truces remains virtually uninhabited." Five months after Richard's departure Saladin unexpectedly died. alt=Map of Lesser Armenia and its surroundings in 1200 Historian Claude Cahen described the early 13thcentury history of northern Syria as "a lack of conflicts with the Muslims, [but] constant conflicts with the Armenians".
|
|
Dungeon (French title: Donjon) is a series of comic fantasy comic books created by Joann Sfar and Lewis Trondheim, with contributions from numerous other artists. It was originally published in France by Delcourt as a series of graphic albums; English translations of a large amount of stories have been released by NBM Publishing, first in a black-and-white periodical version and now as several color graphic novels. The series is a parody of sword and sorcery conventions in general, and specifically of the role-playing game Dungeons and Dragons. All of the characters are either anthropomorphic animals or other strange creatures.
|
|
The battle began soon after 8 AM. Per Japanese accounts it lasted for four hours, and per Korean accounts it lasted for twelve. The besieged Koreans, including women, fired arrows and spears at the Japanese as Song beat a drum from the upper floor of his donjon to urge the defenders on. Even though the men that Song Sang-hyeon wielded were rather ill-equipped and poorly trained, the gallant defenders fought for eight hours before the enemy effected an entrance over their dead bodies. However, as was the case at Busan, the superior firepower of the Japanese arquebus decimated the defenders.
|
|
Avrilly is located north-east of Vichy and north-west of Marcigny. The eastern border of the commune is also the departmental border between Allier and Saône-et-Loire. Access to the commune is by road D989 from Neuilly-en-Donjon in the west which passes through the south of the commune and continues to Bourg-le-Comte. The D210 branches from the D169 in the north and passes down the eastern side of the commune through the village and continues south, changing to the D229 at the border, to join the D989 north-west of Bourg-le-Comte.
|
|
The first records of the castle are from around the year 1000, when Bernardino of Susa rebuilt an ancient manor, leaving it to Cistercian monks. The castle was a possession of the margraves of Saluzzo and others starting in the 13th century, and in the 16th century was acquired by the House of Savoy. In 1630, Duke Charles Emmanuel I granted it to his nephew Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano, founder of the Savoy-Carignano line. At this time, the castle was a high brick moated fortress with a square plan, four corner towers and a tall donjon (mastio) on one side.
|
|
Until medieval times, a branch of the river Rhine flowed close to the centre of the town. Three mansions were built near the village: the Huis te Zeist, Kersbergen, and Blikkenburg. thumb From 1677 to 1686, the "Slot Zeist" was built on or near the ruins of "Kasteel Zeist", the original castle (donjon) of Rodgar van Zeist. There is very little documentation on the family that lived there, but a few names are found: in the 12th century a Godefridus de Seist and in the late 13th century another Godefridus, a knight, with his son Johannes and his daughter Petronilla.
|
|
In the 15th century some modifications and embellishments were made to the castle by Isabeau of Bavaria, the wife of King Charles VI, but the medieval structure remained essentially intact until the reign of Francis I (1494–1547). He commissioned the architect Gilles Le Breton to build a palace in the new Renaissance style, recently imported from Italy. Le Breton preserved the old medieval donjon, where the King's apartments were located, but incorporated it into the new Renaissance-style Cour Ovale, or oval courtyard, built on the foundations of the old castle. It included monumental Porte Dorée, as its southern entrance.
|
|
The problem is now being studied by various researchers. (Kuroda Nagamasa tried to destroy all the documents which were related to Christianity. Since "tenshu" also means "(Christian) God", it is possible that he destroyed almost all the documents which contained the word "tenshu".) The hon-maru residence, which was located to the north of the foundation of the dai-tenshu (large donjon), served as a domicile for lords until the second lord, Kuroda Tadayuki, built a new residence in the san-no- maru. In the hon-maru residence, there was a 56 tatami-mat (109 sq.m.
|
|
In 1616, the Honda were transferred to Himeji Domain, and Kuwana domain came under the control of a branch of the Matsudaira clan, who would rule Kuwana throughout the remainder of the Edo period. The castle burned down in a fire of 1701, which also destroyed most of the surrounding castle town. The Tokugawa shogunate did not grant permission for the donjon to be rebuilt, and the rest of the castle was restored on a much smaller scale. During the Bakumatsu period, Kuwana was ruled by Matsudaira Sadaaki, key supporter of the Tokugawa clan in the Boshin War.
|
|
Chateau of Coucy showing donjon tower, watercolor, ca 1820 (Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris) Coucy inherited the most awesome fortress in Europe at the death of his father, Enguerrand VI in 1346. The castle is known as the Château de Coucy and is considered a spectacular architectural achievement for its time. Coucy was responsible for the maintenance of the castle and additional construction on his familial estates, which consisted of the fortress, 150 towns and villages, famous forests and ponds, along with significant revenue. The estate was centered in the commune of Coucy Le Château Auffrique, in the modern Department of Aisne, France.
|
|
Eastern facade of the Château de Beaumesnil, taken from a drawing dated 1820 Beaumesnil was first mentioned in the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte in 911 (the setting up of the Duchy of Normandy as part of the lands of the Counts of Meulan. In 1066 Roger de Beaumont, son-in-law to Waleran III, Count de Meulan, provided William the Conqueror with 60 ships. In 1250 Robert de Harcourt was given permission to build a stone donjon (keep) on the motte. This was later extended to incorporate a bailey, both of which were on islands.
|
|
A further revival and expansion came in the 1990s with several small independent publishers emerging, such as L'Association (established in 1990), Le Dernier Cri, Amok, Fréon (the latter two later merged into Frémok), and Ego comme X. These books are often more artistic, graphically and narratively, than the usual products of the big companies. Dupuy and Berberian, Lewis Trondheim, Joann Sfar, Marjane Satrapi, Christophe Blain, Stéphane Blanquet, Edmond Baudoin, David B, Emmanuel Larcenet all started their careers with publications at these publishers and would later on gain fame with comics such as Donjon (Trondheim & Sfar), Isaac the Pirate (Blain), Professeur Bell (Sfar).
|
|
It was built in the 14th century for Pope John XXII, the second of the popes to reside in Avignon. None of the subsequent Avignon popes stayed in Châteauneuf but after the schism of 1378 the antipope Clement VII sought the security of the castle. With the departure of the popes the castle passed to the archbishop of Avignon, but it was too large and too expensive to maintain and was used as a source of stone for building work in the village. At the time of the Revolution the buildings were sold off and only the donjon was preserved.
|
|
King David I granted the barony of Bothwell to David Olifard (or Olifant), Justiciar of Lothian, in the mid 12th century. The lands passed to his descendants and by 1252 the barony became the property of Walter de Moravia, or Walter of Moray, who had married the last Olifard baron's heir. He began construction of the castle, but by the start of the Wars of Scottish Independence in 1296, only the main donjon, the prison tower, and the short connecting curtain wall were completed. Foundations of the remainder were probably in place, and would have been defended by a wooden palisade.
|
|
Map showing the location of castle National Treasures in Japan The nine national treasures are distributed over five castles as follows: Himeji Castle has five national treasure structures; Hikone Castle, Inuyama Castle, Matsue Castle and Matsumoto Castle each have one. Three main types of castles exist. Generally the types are characterised according to the topography of the castle's site and named accordingly: ; , as exemplified by Matsumoto Castle; and , which are castles built on hills in a plain such as Himeji Castle, Hikone Castle, Inuyama Castle, and Matsue Castle. The donjon can be constructed in two ways.
|
|
Inuyama Castle is located on a hill overlooking the Kiso River in what is now the city of Inuyama. Due to its location next to a river, Inuyama castle is compared to Baidicheng, a castle located on the hill beside the Yangtze river in Chongqing, China. Inuyama Castle is often claimed without any historical justification as the "oldest castle in Japan"; however, Inuyama Castle is one of 12 castles to have retained its Edo period donjon (Tenshukaku) intact. This main tower is small but due to its complex form, it shows different silhouettes depend on the angle.
|
|
Architectural edifices were created in Loire valley from the 10th century onwards with the defensive fortress like structures called the "keeps" or "donjons" built between 987 and 1040 by Anjou Count Foulques Nerra of Anjou (the Falcon). However, one of the oldest such structures in France is the Donjon de Foulques Nerra built in 944.Williams & Boone, p. 19 This style was replaced by the religious architectural style in the 12th to 14th centuries when the impregnable château fortresses were built on top of rocky hills; one of the impressive fortresses of this type is the Château d'Angers, which has 17 gruesome towers.
|
|
The two men traded towns, followers and insults throughout their lives. Fulk finished his first castle at Langeais, 104 km east of Angers, on the banks of the Loire. Like many of his constructions, it began as a wooden tower, and was eventually replaced with a stone structure, fortified with exterior walls, and equipped with a thick- walled tower called a donjon in French (source of the English dungeon, which however implies a cellar, rather than a tower). He built it in the territory of Odo I, Count of Blois, and they fought a battle over it in 994.
|
|
In 1430, the elegant manor was completed. It included a palace stretching along the length of the moat wall; a throne hall against the Danube wall; a keep, Donžon kula (Donjon tower), in the corner formed by the walls; a treasury in a high chamber; and other auxiliary buildings, creating an inner city. A view to the Danube from an inner city tower The throne hall, where Branković received his visitors, was built with four double-arched windows, fashioned in a mixed Gothic/Romanesque style. Donžon kula was intended to be the final line of defense.
|
|
In the 12th century, Tiburge d’Orange, daughter Count Raimbaud of Nice, rebuilt the Roman walls of the town and rehabilitated the ancient "castrum Aurasice". In the 14th century, the Les Baux princes of Orange consolidated the donjon and rampart of the chateau in order to resist the assaults the "grandes compagnies" that were devastating Provence at the time. The population of the town was concentrated around the fortress in an area much smaller than the ancient Roman town. Prince Jean de Chalon added three wings to the dungeon in the last years of the century, which gave it a square shape.
|
|
The temple was used as a kind of donjon for the medieval Arab and Turkish fortifications, although its eastern steps were lost sometime after 1688. Much of the portico was incorporated into a huge wall directly before its gate, but this was demolished in July 1870 by Barker on orders from Syria's governor Rashid Pasha. Two spiral staircases in columns on either side of the entrance lead to the roof. The Temple of Venus—also known as the Circular Temple or Nymphaeum—was added under Septimius Severus in the early 3rd century but destroyed under Constantine, who raised a basilica in its place.
|
|
Kost CastleKost Castle is located in the Jičín District of the Czech Republic. Kost Castle lies in Northern Bohemia, specifically the region Bohemian Paradise (Český Ráj) and is privately owned by Kinský dal Borgo noble family It was founded by Beneš von Wartenberg before 1349 as a possible construction site and was completed by his sons Peter and Marquard von Wartenberg in a high gothic style. It retains most of the original features and is overall very well preserved and maintained. The castle is known for its donjon, so-called "White tower" (Bílá Věž), protected by two circles of fortress walls.
|
|
Donjon Tower of the Fortress Kruševac, the capital of lands of the House of Lazarević, where he was born Prince Stefan Lazarević. Stefan Lazarević was born, probably, in 1377 in Kruševac, the capital of his father, Prince Lazar. After the Battle of Kosovo on 15 June 1389, where his father was killed, Stefan became the new Serbian prince, but before he became of age the state was ruled by his mother, Princess Milica. In the battle of Kosovo in 1389, both rulers were killed, the Serbian Prince Lazar and Ottoman Sultan Murad I, which is very rare in history.
|
|
The main landmark of Radicofani is its Rocca (Castle), of Carolingian origin, documented since 978 as the Castle of Ghino di Tacco. Occupying the highest point of a hill, at , it was restored after the conquest from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1560-67). It has two lines of walls: the external one has a pentagonal shape, while the inner one is triangular, with three ruined towers at each corner and a cassero (donjon) which can be visited. Also notable is the Romanesque church of San Pietro, with a nave housing works by Andrea della Robbia, Benedetto Buglioni and Santi Buglioni.
|
|
Ne Castle consists of five motte-and-bailey enclosures on a roughly L-shaped river terrace on the south bank of the Mabechi River, approximately 500 meters long by 300 meters wide. As was typical for the time, the fortifications consisted primarily of wooden palisades and earthen ramparts, guarded by 20-meter wide dry moats. The area was divided into several enclosures, or baileys, with varying elevations. There was no donjon in the central bailey, which was occupied large building, possibly in the Shōin style, based on evidence of foundation posts, as the residence of the ruling Nanbu clan.
|
|
With an area of 30,000 m², Trim Castle is the largest Cambro-Norman castle in Ireland. The design of the central three-storey keep (also known as a donjon or great tower) is unique for a Norman keep being of cruciform shape, with twenty corners. It was built on the site of the previous large ring work fortification in at least three stages, initially by Hugh de Lacy (c. 1174) and then in 1196 and 1201–5 by Walter de Lacy. The castle interior was partially the subject of archaeological digs, by David Sweetman of the OPW in the 1970s, and more extensively by Alan Hayden in the 1990s.
|
|
The central donjon of the castle again burned down in 1865 and Ōoka Tadayuki lacked the financial capacity to rebuild it. The Ōoka clan sided with the pro-imperial forces in the Boshin War. Following the Meiji restoration, most of the castle structures were dismantled, and through land reclamation much of the former castle area is now covered by the modern city. The remaining, mostly marshy areas are now the Iwatsuki Castle Park, which contains some remnants of the earthen works and moats, as well as two of the original gates of the castle which were preserved by private owners, and relocated to their present locations.
|
|
Parts of Nagoya Castle were reconstructed with the use of building materials taken from Kiyosu Castle. The northwest turret of Nagoya Castle's Ofukemaru fortress was called the "Kiyosu Yagura," as it was constructed using parts taken from the Kiyosu Castle donjon. The original kinshachi (金鯱) from Kiyosu Castle are now preserved in the Buddhist temple of Sōfuku-ji in Gifu City in neighboring Gifu Prefecture, and a former gate of the castle is preserved at the temple of Ryōfuku-ji in Owari-Asahi and some of the decorated sliding doors from the castle are at the temple of Soken-ji in Naka-ku, Nagoya.
|
|
The keep, circa 1900 Nearly thousand years after its foundation, only the keep remains as a ruin, still imposing, but threatened with a fast disappearance, so much degraded is its state. A local association which works for the safeguard of the local inheritance, Les Amis du Vieux Fontenoy (the Friends of Old Fontenoy, or A.V.F), founded in 1978, launched an operation named S.O.S. Donjon. The goal of this project is to restore a facing on the Square Tower to halt its deterioration and to give back "legibility" to the site. The first stone of the new facing will be posed on July 5, 2008 during the medieval, festivals.
|
|
Over time, the Electors strengthened its walls and heightened its towers. They added a small residence in the 14th century and the donjon (also called a Bergfried or keep) developed as a stronghold of the Electoral archives and valuables. By the mid-16th century, the Godesburg was considered nearly impregnable and had become a symbol of the dual power of the Prince-electors and Archbishops of Cologne, one of the wealthiest ecclesiastical territories in the Holy Roman Empire. The Cologne War, a feud between the Protestant Elector, Gebhard, Truchsess of Waldburg, and the Catholic Elector, Ernst of Bavaria, was yet another schismatic episode in the Electoral and archdiocesan history.
|
|
The Furuta were confirmed in their holdings by Tokugawa Ieyasu and their revenues increased to 54,000 koku after the Battle of Sekigahara. In 1619, the Furuta clan was transferred to Hamada in Iwami Province, and Matsusaka Domain was abolished, with its territories incorporated into the holdings of the Kishu-Tokugawa clan of Kishū Domain, based in Wakayama. Despite the official policy of “one country-one castle”, the existing fortifications at Matsusaka were not destroyed, but were retained as an administrative center for the domain’s 179,000 koku holdings in southern Ise Province. However, in 1644, the donjon was destroyed by a typhoon, and was not rebuilt.
|
|
In some countries the monarch had little control over lords, or required the construction of new castles to aid in securing the land so was unconcerned about granting permission – as was the case in England in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest and the Holy Land during the Crusades. Switzerland is an extreme case of there being no state control over who built castles, and as a result there were 4,000 in the country. There are very few castles dated with certainty from the mid-9th century. Converted into a donjon around 950, Château de Doué-la-Fontaine in France is the oldest standing castle in Europe.
|
|
The Muslim invasion of the Iberian Peninsula in the 8th century introduced a style of building developed in North Africa reliant on tapial, pebbles in cement, where timber was in short supply. Although stone construction would later become common elsewhere, from the 11th century onwards it was the primary building material for Christian castles in Spain, while at the same time timber was still the dominant building material in north-west Europe. Castle Rising in England is an example of an elaborate donjon. Historians have interpreted the widespread presence of castles across Europe in the 11th and 12th centuries as evidence that warfare was common, and usually between local lords.
|
|
In Medieval Serbia, the župa (county, district) of Sirinić (Sirinićka župa), first mentioned in a 13th-century charter, covered the whole of modern Štrpce municipality, having the towns of Gradište (site in Brezovica) and Zidinac (site in Gotovuša). Several remains of Byzantine forts exist in the region. At the top of the Čajlije hill, above the mouth of the Piljevac creek of the Lepenac river, there exists the remains of the Gradište fort, which has two layers, the first from the 6th century, and the second from the 13th century. The fort is in ruins, of which a donjon tower, and outlines of other buildings, can be identified.
|
|
The original Louvre was nearly square in plan (seventy-eight by seventy-two metres) and enclosed by a 2.6-metre thick crenellated and machicolated curtain wall. The entire structure was surrounded by a water-filled moat. Attached to the outside of the walls were ten round defensive towers: one at each corner and the centres of the north and west walls, and two pairs flanking the narrow gates in the south and east walls. In the courtyard, slightly offset to the northeast, there was a cylindrical keep (the Donjon or Grosse Tour), which was thirty metres high and fifteen metres in diameter with walls 4 metres thick.
|
|
After the remaining structures of the castle were removed, the Toyama Prefectural office was built on site of the Inner bailey. This building burned down in 1899, was reconstructed in 1900 and burned down again in 1933. The castle site became a park, and was used for many public rallies prior to, and during, World War II. The castle site was also ground zero for the Toyama Air Raid of August 2, 1945. A faux reproduction of the donjon of Toyama Castle was built in 1954 in ferro- concrete, and houses the and the , noted for its collection of utensils for tea ceremonies and antiques.
|
|
At the top of the Čajlije hill, above the mouth of the Piljevac creek of the Lepenac river, there exists the remains of the Gradište fort, which has two layers, the first from the 6th century, and the second from the 13th century.SANU, National Center for Digitization, Cultural Monuments in Serbia: Ostaci tvrđave Gradište-Čajlije The fort is in ruins, of which a donjon tower, and outlines of other buildings, can be identified. The entrance to the city, at the north, was protected by a tower. From that tower, a rampart continued, with another tower, from where a defensive wall stretched to the foot of the hill, towards the Lepenac.
|
|
Remains of palace foundations (2006), in the background Schladen with its sugar factory In 1240 the Bishop of Hildesheim gave the tithe of Werla to . The church of the old palace was taken over by the abbey as well, having been under the administration of Dorstadt Abbey for a little while. In the 13th century there is evidence of renewed building activity. Inside the donjon, graves and cellar buildings were built, whose purpose is not entirely clear. Into the 14th century it is still possible to detect signs of habitation, but Werla and its parish church seem to have fallen into ruin by 1550 at the latest.
|
|
Karatsu Castle, which stands beside Karatsu Bay, is unusual in that the stonework rises directly out of the water, using the ocean as a natural moat. It is a medium-size castle with the Honmaru (inner bailey) located on top of Mount Manto, the Ni-no-maru (2nd bailey) and the San-no-maru (3rd bailey) in the west, and the outer structures to the south. The Ni-no-maru secondary bailey contained the palace of the daimyō of Karatsu and the domain’s administrative offices. The innermost bailey would normally contain a donjon; however there is considerable dispute as to whether or not it actually ever did.
|
|
The second, which was approved, was to remove the additions and restore it to its state under Francis I of France. Millet worked closely with Count Émilien de Nieuwerkerke, superintendent of the École des Beaux-Arts, with the artillery officer Jean-Baptiste Verchère de Reffye and with Alexandre Bertrand, the first conservator of the museum. Work began in 1862 with the destruction of the West pavilion. The work progressed from the north-west angle of the château and advanced eastward around the building, restoring the lines of the donjon of Charles V of France that had been concealed by the additions of Louis XIV.
|
|
However, after the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, the clan seat was relocated south to Morioka Castle in 1634, and Sannohe Castle was allowed to fall into ruins. In 1684, Morioka Domain established a daikansho, constructing a jin'ya on the site of the old castle. After the Meiji restoration, one of the gates was donated to a local temple, and remaining structures were pulled down. The area later became the . In 1967, a faux-donjon was constructed to serve as a local history museum, even though there is no historical evidence to indicate that such a structure existed at any point in the castle’s history.
|
|
Tombleson In the 13th century, the family of Brömser from the Wisper valley are recorded as castellans (Burgherren) of the castle within the territory of the archbishops of Mainz. In 1640, the south-eastern corner, facing the Rhine, was blown up by French troops of Duke Henry II of Orleans during the Thirty Years' War, at the same time destroying the upper part of the bergfried and the donjon. A mine passageway was driven into the bergfried, but there was no explosion. It is still visible today. The popular assertion that the Brömser von Rüdesheim family lived in the castle from 1548 until they died out in 1668, is wrong.
|
|
Plan of Nagaoka Castle with Honmaru (1) and Ni-no-Maru (2) Nagaoka Castle was a flatland-style castle with two central baileys, the Honmaru (本丸) and the Ni- no-Maru (二の丸), both surrounded by a moat. These were in turn surrounded by the San-no-Maru (三の丸) and Tsume-no-Maru (詰の丸 ) Baileys, and the Minami-Kuruwa (南曲輪 ) and Nishi-Kuruwa (西曲輪) forecourts. This outer ring of defences was also surrounded by a moat. The castle had only earthen ramparts, with yagura watchtowers at various locations, and there was no donjon in the central bailey.
|
|
Miharu Castle is located on the 407-meter Shiroyama hill in the Abukuma Mountains near the center of current Fukushima prefecture, and commands a crossing point of the north-south route connecting Shirakawa with Kōriyama and the east-west route between Aizu-Wakamatsu and the Sōma territories on the eastern coast. The fortification are located in an L-shaped plateau located approximately 80-meters up the hillside. The upper enclosure was the site was residence of the lord, and the lower enclosure contained a three-story donjon. Along the lower half of the hill, a ridge extends on all sides, and contained secondary enclosures.
|
|
The Battle of Gisors (September 27, 1198) was a skirmish fought in Courcelles- lès-Gisors, Oise, Picardy, part of the ongoing fighting between Richard I of England and Philip Augustus of France that lasted from 1194 to Richard's death in April 1199. The earlier conflict restarted after the truce between the two kings expired (just long enough to see the harvest in, according to the chronicler Roger of Hoveden). Both kings invaded and pillaged the other's territory, causing great suffering to the local population by having their captives' eyes put out. Richard advanced through French territory by capturing several castles, most notably, the castle of Courcelles (of which the imposing unique oval donjon remains) and the stronghold at Burris.
|
|
He was transferred to nearby Matsushiro Domain in 1622, and replaced by the Sengoku clan, who rebuilt parts of the Main Bailey and Second Bailey from 1628, but the donjon was not restored. The Sengoku were in turn replaced by a branch of the Matsudaira clan in 1706, who remained in control of the castle until the end of the Edo period. Following the Meiji restoration and the abolition of the han system, the castle was dismantled, leaving only the stone ramparts and one yagura. The site was made into a public park, with two Shinto shrines (one dedicated to the Sanada clan, and the other to the war dead), and a local history museum.
|
|
The donjon of Château Gaillard; the loss of the castle would prove devastating for John's military position in Normandy After Richard's death on 6 April 1199 there were two potential claimants to the Angevin throne: John, whose claim rested on being the sole surviving son of Henry II, and young Arthur I of Brittany, who held a claim as the son of John's elder brother Geoffrey.Carpenter (2004), p. 264. Richard appears to have started to recognise John as his heir presumptive in the final years before his death, but the matter was not clear-cut and medieval law gave little guidance as to how the competing claims should be decided.Barlow, p.305; Turner, p. 48.
|
|
Angle tower of the Château de Valençay Relics of the 16th century include an outsized round tower at the western corner, capped by a dome à l'impériale, and the central block in the shape of a donjon, with a slender tower on each corner, grouped around the raking roof. Its feigned battlements are evocative of the Middle Ages, a retrospective formula stylistically derived from Chambord but somewhat vitiated by ample fenestration, including characteristic Renaissance dormers. The exterior has withstood time and the elements remarkably well. It is clothed in classical orders: the Doric order on the ground floor, the Ionic order on the first floor, and the Corinthian order on the second.
|
|
The castle was built as an enclosed community. Like many European castles, it had a great round tower, on the raised mound (motte), enclosed by a moat and the river on the northern side, and an adjoining enclosure (bailey), that was completely destroyed in 1903. This type of the motte-and-bailey castle appeared in the 10th and 11th centuries between the Rhine and Loire rivers and eventually spread to most of Western Europe and even to the area of the present Belarus. The red-brick tower with service and residential rooms on 5 levels inside was actually a donjon or a keep, that was quite common in France and England till the 16th century.
|
|
St-Mars Bénigne d'Auvergne de Saint-Mars was a French prison governor in the late 17th and early 18th century. He is best known as the apparent keeper of the Man in the Iron Mask. According to letters written by Saint-Mars to various officials and ministers of France, he had in his custody a prisoner of State, whom he carried with him from Pinerolo to the Lérins Islands, and later to the Bastille. From 1665 to the spring of 1681 Saint-Mars was the Officer- in-Charge of the donjon (the main tower) of the fortress Pinerolo (present day Pignerol, 40 kilometers WSW of Turin, Italy), which then belonged to France.
|
|
The earliest recorded "castle" of Athlone was a wooden structure built in 1129, by King Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair of Connacht, possibly on the site of the present castle. The stone castle which survives today dates from 1210 and was built for King John by his Irish Justiciar, Bishop John de Gray of Norwich. It was built to defend the crossing point of the river at Athlone and to provide a bridgehead to facilitate the Norman advance into Connaught. The castle of 1210 was a free standing polygonal tower built on a newly built (or existing) ‘motte’ or man-made hill. This tower, though greatly altered, can still be seen as the central keep or ‘donjon’ of the castle today.
|
|
Located since the Gallo-Roman era at the crossroads of strategic routes, the rural town of Craponne-sur-Arzon developed into a market town, where markets and fairs were held, as evidenced by many toponyms (rue de la Friperie, Marchedial, etc.). In the feudal era, the town was surrounded by a wall, built in 1450—from which two small defensive towers have been preserved until today—and this wall was defended by a castle. In 1576, the castle was demolished, with the exception of the tower entrance (improperly called today, the "donjon"). This castle belonged until 1240 to the barons of Beaumont, before passing into the hands of the lords of Chalençon, who became the Polignac family in 1420.
|
|
The location of the castle on the Tōkaidō highway connecting Edo with Kyoto gave it considerable strategic value. Following the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa Ieyasu assigned the castle to Sakai Tadatoshi, who built a small, 2-story donjon and added a fourth moat. Subsequently, as headquarters for Tanaka Domain, it changed hands many times during the early Edo period through a succession of fudai daimyō before coming under the control of a cadet branch of the Honda clan in 1730. Tokugawa Ieyasu and subsequent shōgun used the castle as an occasional base for falconry expeditions, and it was at Tanaka Castle that Tokugawa Ieyasu is alleged to have eaten tempura, just before his death.
|
|
Archaeological finds indicate that the first defensive structures were built before the reign of Casimir III the Great; the tower - a donjon was built on a stone foundation, surrounded by a wooden and soil embankment which may have been built under the order of Bolesław the Pious (according to M. Żemigała), Henryk Głogowczyk, Wenceslaus II of Bohemia (according to T. Poklewski-Kozieło). The gord is surrounded by the flood waters of the River Warta. During the reign of Casimir III the Great, the town hall, the Church of the Holy Cross were built in Koło (the town's first stone buildings). Casimir III the Great received the legation of the Lizard Union in the castle.
|
|
However, in 1681 Sanada Nobutoshi was dispossessed by the Tokugawa shogunate for gross under-representation of his revenues, and the castle of destroyed. Numata Domain was restored in 1703 and given to Honda Masanaga, who rebuilt Numata Castle on a smaller scale by re-excavating some of the filled-in moats and restoring some of the earthen works, but a new donjon or yagura were never built. The castle then passed into the hands of a junior branch of the Kuroda clan before passing into the hands of the Toki clan in 1742. The Toki resided in a residence built within the third bailey, but the "castle" remained little more than a jin'ya.
|
|
A plan of Corfe Castle from 1586, drawn up by Ralph Treswell Corfe Castle is roughly triangular and divided into three parts, known as enclosures or wards. Enclosed in the 11th century, the inner ward contained the castle's keep, also known as a donjon or great tower, which was built partly on the enclosure's curtain wall. It is uncertain when the keep was built though dates of around 1100–1130 have been suggested, placing it within the reign of Henry I. Attached to the keep's west face is a forebuilding containing a stair through which the great tower was entered. On the south side is an extension with a guardroom and a chapel.
|
|
Sfar's eccentric and humorous brand of fantasy fiction as displayed in the Donjon comic books lends itself easily to the band's fantasy-humor albums. The lead singer, Mathias Malzieu, is also working on other projects such as the career of Olivia Ruiz (his partner), and his other hobby : writing (published 4 books in 2002, 2005, 2007 and 2011). His second book is based on the same world as the album Monsters in Love, his third book on the same world as the album La mécanique du cœur. In the same way, there will be connections between his fourth book, Métamorphose en bord du ciel, but not to the same extent as La mécanique du cœur.
|
|
Donjon of the , where Charles X's ministers were detained Although Louis-Philippe strongly disagreed with the banker and secretly pledged to the duke of Broglie that he would not support him at all, the new President of the Council was tricked into trusting his king. The trial of Charles X's former ministers took place from 15 to 21 December 1830 before the Chamber of Peers, surrounded by rioters demanding their death. They were finally sentenced to life detention, accompanied by civil death for . 's National Guard maintained public order in Paris, affirming itself as the bourgeois watchdog of the new regime, while the new Interior Minister, , kept the ministers safe by detaining them in the fort of Vincennes.
|
|
Frei Joaquim de Santa Rosa de Viterbo refers, in 1798-1799, the castle was practically ruined and that the door "which is to the West" was in one epigraphic inscription, who transcribed: "Incepit Tvrrem in was MCCXXVII" (corresponding to 1189 in our calendar). The Institute for the Management of Architectural and Archaeological Heritage classified it as a National Monument by decree published on June 23, 1910. The government intervened in the second half of the 1940s by proceeding with works of consolidation and cleaning, rebuilding walls, desentulhamento the tank and recovery the donjon. New works campaigns took place in 1973-1974, due to the collapse of a section north of the walls, and in 1984.
|
|
Matsukura Castle occupies an L-shaped ridge running north and east. The inner bailey was a rectangular area approximately about 100 meter long by 40 meter wide, and contained a building which had a foundation 40 meter square, and was surrounded by a deep dry moat, which may have been a donjon. The inner bailey is protected by a second, third and fourth enclosure in line along the ridge, each separated by a dry moat. On the western ridge is a large flat area, which may have contained the residence of the castellan, and it is surrounded by smaller flat areas, which may have continued residences for major retainers, barracks and storehouses.
|
|
Azuchi Castle Ōte-mon Gate with moat in foreground Osaka Castle rampart in 1865 Stone marking the place where Toyotomi Hideyori and his mother, Yodo-Dono, committed suicide after the fall of Osaka Castle In 1583 Toyotomi Hideyoshi commenced construction on the site of the Ikkō-ikki temple of Ishiyama Hongan-ji. The basic plan was modeled after Azuchi Castle, the headquarters of Oda Nobunaga. Hideyoshi wanted to build a castle that mirrored Nobunaga's, but surpassed it in every way: the plan featured a five-story main tower, with three extra stories underground, and gold leaf on the sides of the tower to impress visitors. In 1585 the Inner donjon was completed.
|
|
In 1860, Napoleon III, having employed Viollet-le-Duc to restore the keep and the chapel, gave the Bois de Vincennes (9.95 km² in extent) to Paris as a public park. Vincennes also served as the military headquarters of the Chief of General Staff, General Maurice Gamelin during the unsuccessful defence of France against the invading German army in 1940. It is now the main base of France's Defence Historical Service, which maintains a museum in the donjon. On 20 August 1944, during the battle for the liberation of Paris, 26 policemen and members of the Resistance arrested by soldiers of the Waffen-SS were executed in the eastern moat of the fortress, and their bodies thrown in a common grave.
|
|
The position was used by the French Army in the defense of Briançon until 1940, when it was part of the Fortified Sector of the Dauphiné. The fort is composed of an armed citadel or donjon on the highest point, and a caserne on a lower shelf The Fort du Randouillet is linked to the Fort des Têtes by an enclosed, fortified gallery known as "Communication Y." A military aerial tram links the fort to the town, and another continued on to the Fort de l'Infernet. The Fort du Randouillet, along with the Fort des Têtes and other military works of Briançon, was designated a Unesco World Heritage Site in 2008, as part of a network of Vauban-related sites.
|
|
The ruined gatehouse to the inner ward seen from the south The rebuilding of Montgomery Castle in stone was commenced in the late summer of 1223 on the 16th birthday of Henry III of England, a mile to the south-east of the original site. The architect of the new castle was Hubert de Burgh, who also rebuilt Skenfrith Castle, Grosmont Castle and White Castle in the Welsh Marches. From 1223 until 1228 masons worked solidly building the entire inner ward, or donjon as it was then known, on a great rock above the later town of Montgomery. This work consisted of the gatehouse, two D-shaped towers and the apartments which crowded around the curtain wall of the inner ward.
|
|
On the northwest corner of the foundation of the tenshu, the tenshu kuruwa has in addition the kanritsu-shiki tenshu-kuruwa. This particular feature indicates that the castle's purpose was defensive. The foundation for the dai-tenshu (large donjon) measures about 24.8 metres (81 ft) from east to west, and 22.4 metres (74 ft) from north to south, and covers an area the size of the first floor of the tenshu of Himeji Castle, which has an area of 550.025 square metres. It has long been believed that there had not been a tenshu on the foundation; however, indirect descriptions of a tenshu are seen in a few old documents and the existence of an annex for the tenshu is indicated on some old maps.
|
|
A Châtillon family was recorded from the end of the 10th or the 11th centuries. In 1173, the castle was the property of the Count of Forez, who ceded it to the Archbishop of Lyon. During the 13th century, the Oingt family had possession before it passed by marriage to the Albons. In 1260, the keep was mentioned in an act which stipulated that "les habitants de Châtillon sont tenus à travailler aux réparations du château, mais rien ne peut leur être imposé pour le donjon qui sert exclusivement de retraite au seigneur" ("the inhabitants of Châtillon are required to work on repairs of the castle, but nothing can be imposed on them for the keep which is used exclusively as retirement for the lord").
|
|
In the inner part of the tower, or known as King's Room (Albanian: Dhoma e mbretit) is derived a stair in the form of a guardrail to put things on it. The west side of Rashan Fortress had two watchtowers, and their role was protecting the inner road that led to the inner part of the fortress, by communicating with Cerrnusha and Koder villages located in front of the fortress. The east side watchtower communicated with the Moistir hill while the entire east side starting from the most northern point to the most southern was protected by the nature itself. Another tower of the Rashan Fortress is Donjon, it is located in the center of the castle and it is known as main tower.
|
|
Tozawa Masamori, the daimyō of Hitachi-Matsuoka Domain (40,000 koku) was transferred to Dewa Province in September 1622 following the suppression of the Mogami clan by the Tokugawa shogunate and gained an increase in revenues to 60,000 koku. His new territory extended over all of what is now Mogami District and a portion of Murayama District in what is now Yamagata Prefecture. Finding the ancient hill-top Sakenobe Castle to be too small and inconveniently located, he successfully petitioned the shogunate for permission to construct a new castle in the flatlands with a main bailey, secondary bailey to the south, all surrounded by a third bailey and wet moats. In 1636, the donjon was destroyed in a fire, and was never rebuilt.
|
|
The fortress is situated on a hill that rises about 50 meters above the river valley. It consists of the Lower Town, surrounded by walls and a more preserved citadel (Upper Town) at the top of the hill. The layout of Upper Town is based on irregular pentagon that follows the shape of the hilltop, with three vertices (southwest, northwest and northeast) reinforced with towers. At the highest point of fortress is a donjon tower, roughly square in plan (about 8x8m) of which are preserved west wall up to a height of about 10 meters with an entrance and part of the south wall with arrowslits, while the remains of the east wall are visible the remains of another arrowslit.
|
|
A small town developed swiftly around the dam and its activities. In the year 1275 Schiedam received city rights from Lady Adelaide, this in her capacity as sister of William II, the reigning Count of Holland and becoming King of the Romans. She ordered the building of a castle near the Schie, which is known till today as the "Castle Mathenesse" (Dutch: "Huis te Riviere" or "Slot Mathenesse"). Remnants of a donjon, which were once part of the castle, are still visible today in the centre of Schiedam and near the city office. As a young settlement Schiedam soon got competition from surrounding towns and cities: in 1340, Rotterdam and Delft also were allowed to establish a connection between the Schie and the Meuse.
|
|
At the same time there was a change in castle architecture. Until the late 12th century castles generally had few towers; a gateway with few defensive features such as arrowslits or a portcullis; a great keep or donjon, usually square and without arrowslits; and the shape would have been dictated by the lay of the land (the result was often irregular or curvilinear structures). The design of castles was not uniform, but these were features that could be found in a typical castle in the mid-12th century. By the end of the 12th century or the early 13th century, a newly constructed castle could be expected to be polygonal in shape, with towers at the corners to provide enfilading fire for the walls.
|
|
The castle began as a Moorish fortress in the 8th century, later improved by the Nasrid ruler of the Emirate of Granada, Abdallah ibn al-Ahmar (who also built the Alhambra). Earlier, where the parador now stands, there was a tower known as Hannibal's Tower, of which some traces remain. After King Ferdinand III of Castile captured the city in 1246 after the Siege of Jaén, he commenced a transformation of the castle, including construction of what became known as the New Castle on the eastern extreme of the hill. The bulk of the work, however, took place under the reigns of Alfonso X and Ferdinand IV. There are five towers and a donjon, with one of the towers holding the Chapel of Saint Catalina.
|
|
An arcade gate provides access to the compound and rectangular prison block tower, reinforced with watchtowers on its apexes, with a protected entrance via a patio. An arched door gives access to the buildings and the donjon, reinforced by square towers in wedge-shapes, with access protected by machicolations (providing coverage from three-floors) and is topped by a cradle vault, sectioned into four branches by arched corbels. The turrets are finished in small canonical cones with gables. The chapel, located on the exterior wall adjacent to the main entrance, is a hexagonal- shape two-storey body, with a rectangular annex (itself consisting of a two story body with veranda window doors), both with tiled pivoted roofs, delimited on their extremities by corbels.
|
|
In 1573, after the Siege of Ichijōdani Castle, Oda Nobunaga placed his trusted general Shibata Katsuie in charge of Echizen Province. As the former location of the Asakura clan was in a narrow valley, he decided to relocate and to build a new castle at the juncture of the Ashimori River and Yoshiko River in the wide plains of central Echizen in 1575. As the castle lasted merely eight years, few records survive about it; however, it is known that the extensive earthen ramparts were faced with stone, and that there was a network of water moats. The inner bailey had a donjon which was nine-stories in height in its southeast corner, making it one of the largest ever built.
|
|
Puy-l’Evêque grew up as a bourg around the Count-Bishops' castle on the cliffs above the river; of this only the 13th-century donjon remains, next to the town hall. Beneath it, the Cale along the Lot is the landing where the gabarres (river barges) of the old days transported the region's wine to Bordeaux for export. From here the Rue de la Cale was the main street until the 19th century; the narrow medieval side streets that run off it bear the names of the trades that were practiced on them: Rue des Tanneurs (Tanners), Rue des Teinturiers (dyers), etc. Rue de la Cale follows a stream called the Clédelles, once lined with the mills that supplied the medieval town's prosperity.
|
|
Map Amphitrite in the place de la Marine at the river, by Léon François ChervetThe sculpture rebaptised Amphitrite formerly stood on the façade of the Palais du Trocadéro, built for the Exposition Universelle (1878) and demolished to make way for the Exposition of 1937. She was preserved and offered to the city, where she now symbolizes Agde's maritime vocation. (Patrimoine français ; Tribune Découvrir Agde ) Agde is known for the distinctive black basalt used in local buildings such as the cathedral of Saint Stephen, built in the 12th century to replace a 9th-century Carolingian edifice built on the foundations of a fifth-century Roman church. Bishop Guillaume fortified the cathedral's precincts and provided it with a 35-metre donjon (keep).
|
|
The cathedral walls The present building was constructed in the 12th century, beginning in 1173 under the direction of bishop William II of Agde, and replaced a Carolingian church of the 9th century that stood on the foundations of a 5th-century Roman church, formerly a temple of Diana. The cathedral is remarkable for being built of black basalt from the nearby volcanic Mont St. Loup quarries. The building is extremely strong and was designed to serve as a fortress as much as a church: the walls are between 2 and 3 metres thick, and the square tower, 35 metres high, could also function as a keep, or donjon. The crenellations and machicolations are very prominent, and again, more characteristic of a fortress than of a church.
|
|
Eastern gate and the entrance to upper fort Remnants of economy building in forefront and donjon in the background Turks had conquered the city of Doboj and its fortress in 1476 and in following decades had the fortress completely reconstructed and gave it a new shape by adding the second outer wall and additional structures. Particularly large works were done in the early summer of 1490 where some 1,500 men were employed under master-builder Ibrahim. This was necessary from a strategic point of view, as the northernmost borders of Ottoman Empire at that time were positioned in line Jajce-Doboj-Srebrenik. It appears that the fortress was briefly retaken by Hungarian and Bosnian forces loyal to short lived Hungarian-backed Jajce Banate (1463-1528).
|
|
Plan of Matsushiro Castle Matsushiro Castle is located in the flatlands of northern Nagano, in between the main stream of the Chikuma River and an old bed of the river, which serves as a broad outer moat on the north side of the castle. Due to its location, the castle (and surrounding castle town was subjected to occasional flooding. The design of the castle is concentric, with the Central Bailey (Hon-Maru) [1] protected by walls, and containing the donjon in its northwest corner, which was later replaced by a yagura. The Central Bailey was surrounded by a moat, which was in turn surrounded completely by the Second Bailey (Ni-no-Maru) [2], which had earthen ramparts except for areas around its gates.
|
|
Formerly known as the castle's donjon or "Grosse Tour", this tower is part of Philip's 1204 phase. It housed one of the sessions of Joan of Arc's trial on 9 May 1431, one in which she was shown the instruments of torture, to which she replied "Truly, if you have to pull my members and my soul from my body, I shall say nothing else; and if I say something to you, I would always say to you afterwards that you made me say it by force.". She was not imprisoned here but in the now-lost Tour de la Pucelle, whose foundations may be seen at 102 rue Jeanne d'Arc. The pointed roof was added in restoration works beginning in the 1870s.
|
|
Prologue: The poem begins in the Malvern Hills between Worcestershire and Herefordshire. A man named Will (which can be understood either simply as a personal name or as an allegory for a person's will, in the sense of 'desire, intention') falls asleep and has a vision of a tower set upon a hill and a fortress (donjon) in a deep valley; between these symbols of heaven and hell is a 'fair field full of folk', representing the world of mankind. A satirical account of different sections of society follows, along with a dream-like fable representing the King as a cat and his people as rodents who consider whether to bell the cat. Passus 1: Holy Church visits Will and explains the tower of Truth, and discusses Truth more generally.
|
|
Motochika later entered into secret communications with the Oda, and having come to the attention of the Mōri, they forced him from the castle and died in the escape.Samurai-Archives In 1600, the castle became part of the Bitchū-Matsuyama Domain where Kobori Masatsugu and his son Masakazu came to the area as officers of the Tokugawa shogunate and repaired the castle as part of the efforts to turn Matsuyama into a castle town. In 1617, Ikeda Nagayoshi was transferred here as the new lord of Bitchū-Matsuyama Domain and was followed by Ikeda Nagatsune, who ruled until 1641. The next feudal lord, Mizunoya Katsutaka, rebuilt the donjon (keep), turrets and other gates in addition to building Onegoya house on the southern side of Mount Gagyu where public affairs were administered.
|
|
Kruševac and its vicinity are distinguished by numerous historic monuments: The Lazar's Town, with the remnants of the medieval fortification and the Lazarica Church has an epic quality in the Serbian tradition. The Lazarica Church, built in 1376 on the occasion of Stephan's son birth, and dedicated to St. Stephen, is the model of the Moravska School. A Donjon Tower, the military fortification of the medieval castle, bears witness of the great cultural and historic heritage of the Serb people. The Monastery of Ljubostinja was founded by Princess Milica, Lazar's wife, in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth century, after the Battle of Kosovo, when she made a decision on her withdrawal as a ruler, and on assembling the widows of the Serbian gentry killed at the Kosovo.
|
|
The keep Located in the north-east angle of the enclosure, the keep is actually the former citadel of the medieval closed-town and the heart of the medieval defensive system, forming a small castle on its own isolated from the rest of the site. In origin it was made up of three main towers linked by curtain walls - to the south, the tour Duchesse Anne, to the north the tour du Donjon, to the west the tour Azénor. The main entrance was from the west, formed of a crenelated gate and a drawbridge across the moat separating the citadel from the rest of the castle-town. This collection of works formed a polygonal courtyard, at 2.2m below present ground level, housing a well, oubliettes and several underground rooms.
|
|
The Ōkōchi Matsudaira took up residence in 1695, and except for a brief hiatus from 1710-1717, remained in control of the castle until the end of the Edo period. In 1619, Andō Shigenobu began an ambitious reconstruction project, which lasted for 77 years over the following three generations, which included a three-story donjon in the center and two-story yagura at each of the cardinal directions. Shōgun Tokugawa Iemitsu exiled his younger brother Tokugawa Tadanaga to Takasaki Castle in 1633, and ordered him to commit seppuku here in December of the same year. In 1873, following the Meiji restoration, most of the castle structures were destroyed or sold off, and the moats filled in. Prior the end of World War II, most of the former castle grounds were occupied by the Takasaki-based Imperial Japanese Army’s 15th Infantry Regiment.
|
|
Lost its defensive function, away from border and the main access roads to the Alentejo region, the castle was gradually abandoned until becoming ruins in the nineteenth century. In the early twentieth century, the whole was classified as a National Monument by decree, published on 23 June 1910. The intervention of the government was felt on time, in 1938, at the initiative of the Directorate General for National Buildings and Monuments ( DGEMN). Property of the House of Braganza Foundation, the degradation of the whole continued to progress until the collapse of a cylindrical tower of the palace and, more recently, in February 1998, a wall portion adjacent to the donjon, an element that had been the subject of intervention in the 1980s the new intervention took place in 1999, in charge of DGEMN through its Regional Directorate South, based on traditional building techniques.
|
|
Donjon of the Bellver Castle The castle's plan, a circular floor with round towers attached to it, seems to have been inspired by the upper complex of the Herodion, a 15 BCE hilltop palace in the West Bank, that was also circular and had a large principal tower and three minor towers as well. They are attached while the principal one is coupled to the complex by a high bridge over the surrounding moat. The main part of the fortification was built by architect Pere Salvà, who also worked in the construction of the Royal Palace of La Almudaina, together with other master masons between 1300 and 1311 for King James II of Aragon and Majorca. Rock from the hill where the castle sits was used for the building, which has eventually led to the appearance of cracks.
|
|
The new Meiji government ordered the destruction of all former feudal fortifications, and in compliance with this directive, all structures of Odawara Castle were pulled down from 1870–1872. In 1893, the stone base of the former donjon become the foundation for a Shinto shrine, the Ōkubo Jinja, dedicated to the spirits of the generations of Ōkubo daimyō. In 1901, the Odawara Imperial Villa was constructed within the site of the former inner and second bailies. The Imperial Villa was destroyed by the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, which also caused many of the stone facing on the castle ramparts to collapse. Repair work was made to the stone walls from 1930–1931, but with very poor workmanship. In 1934, two of the remaining yagura (which had been destroyed in the 1923 earthquake) were restored, but on a half-scale.
|
|
Renaissance windows at the Hôtel du Vieux-Raisin (16th C.) The Capitole de Toulouse (mainly 18th century), houses the Hôtel de Ville (city hall) and the Théâtre du Capitole (opera house). It is located on the Place du Capitole, a large 19th century square that has the size of a royal square (place royale). The large neo-classical facade of the 18th century (1750-1760) hides elements from various periods: the Henri IV courtyard of the early 17th century with a remarkable Renaissance portal; a 16th-century tower, called «the keep» (le donjon), which housed the archives of the Capitouls; vast rooms and galleries with walls painted to the glory of the history of Toulouse (late 19th century)... Toulouse has also preserved a rich civil architectural heritage from the medieval and Renaissance periods. Forty or so Gothic and Renaissance stair towers still dot the city, mostly hidden in inner courtyards.
|
|
The previous name of the area was Woodhead, the name change to Cunninghamhead taking place before 1418; a charter dated 1346 from King David II to Godfrey de Ross refers to him as being 'of Coyninghamheid'.MacDonald, Ian (2006). Cunninghamhead came into the Cuninghame family in the early 15th century when Robert married the Douglas heiress of that estate. From that time on, the head of the family was known as the Laird of Cunninghamhead.The Cuninghame family of Cunninghamhead Retrieved : 2012-01-23 Gordon's map of 1654 shows 'Cuningham Head' and 'Rungham' is marked on Moll's 1745 map. Cunninghamhead Castle was a square tower, referred to as a "strong old donjon" by Pont and demolished by John Snodgrass in 1747 when a mansion house was built.Dobie, James D. (ed Dobie, J.S.) (1876). Cunninghame, Topographized by Timothy Pont 1604-1608, with continuations and illustrative notices.
|
|
The château, one of France's smaller châteaus, designed and built by John Gallard during the reign of Louis XIII between 1633 and 1640, is constructed of stone and brick walls with a slate roof on the ruins of the motte-and-bailey castle that had stood on the site since medieval times. The east and west facades are heavily decorated with carvings — windows have grotesque masks inspired by the Commedia dell'arte, intertwined letters "M" and "D" allude to Marie Dauvet Des Marets, wife of Jacques, Marquis of Nonant and daughter Nicolas Brûlart de Sillery, Chancellor of France while the shields of the Montmorency-Laval branch of the Laval family appear above the main doorways. The north and south pavilions were added to the building during the eighteenth century. The donjon (keep) that was built on a mound to the south of the site was converted into an icehouse.
|
|
Portrait of Jean Pâris de Montmartel, by Maurice Quentin de La Tour. 1746 Jean Pâris de Monmartel (3 August 1690 at Moirans – 10 September 1766 at his château at Brunoy) was a French financier. He was the youngest of the four Pâris brothers, who were financiers under Louis XIV and Louis XV. At the height of his fortunes he had 370,000 livres invested in the powerful Société d'Angola, set up to deal in the Atlantic slave trade, managed by Antoine Walsh, the richest and most famous of the Irish of Nantes. He held a number of titles: marquis of Brunoy, count of Sampigny, baron Dagouville, count of Châteaumeillant, d'Argenton et Veuil d'Argenson, viscount de la Motte Feuilly, baron Saint-Jeanvrin, Saligny et Marigny, seigneur of Villers-sur-Mer, Chateauneuf, La Chétardie, Varenne, Lamotte-Glauville, Bourgeauville, Drubec, des Humières, Le Donjon, La Forest les Dureaux, Lamirande, Lachetardie, and other places.
|
|
Inside of Fort Purcell, better known as "The Dungeons" The Fort was built by the Dutch at an unascertained date in either the late 16th or very early 17th century, and was known by the Spanish authorities in Puerto Rico as the "donjon" (from which the English name, "the Dungeon" comes – the fort has never actually been used as a dungeon).It has been suggested that the earthen fort was originally constructed by the Spanish, and this is why the name has stuck, but there is little evidence to support any Spanish settlement of the Territory prior to the Dutch. The fort was originally only earthen, and was occupied intermittently, but it was restored by the Dutch privateer Joost van Dyk in 1625 or 1626. Documents from archives in Seville, Spain, report about two attacks that the Spanish made on Tortola in 1646 and 1647.
|
|
After the defeat of the Toyotomi at the Battle of Sekigahara, Ieyasu recovered Sunpu. With the formation of the Tokugawa shogunate, Ieyasu turned the title of shōgun over to his son Tokugawa Hidetada, and retired to Sunpu, where he set up a shadow government to maintain effective rule over the country from behind the scenes. As part of the Tokugawa policy to sap potential rivals of economic strength, daimyōs from around the country were called upon to rebuild Sumpu Castle in 1607 with a triple moat system, keep and palace. When this burned down in 1610, the daimyōs were ordered to rebuild it immediately, this time with a seven-story donjon. After Ieyasu's death in 1616, Sunpu Castle remained the seat of government for the surrounding Sunpu Domain, which for most of its existence was a tenryō territory governed directly by the shōgun in Edo.
|
|
Cornish complained that earlier repairs to the donjon by Robert Raymont had left it so weak it was vulnerable to musket shot; "lyke a nadyl eye scarse abyll to byde a hagboshe." In 1543 he had asked for a "saker" cannon that would cover the sands between "Grovyll" and the castle, where the French had landed in the past.HMC, Seymour Papers, vol.4 (1967), pp. 85–86, 91, 106–8. Mont Orgueil was to be superseded by Elizabeth Castle off Saint Helier, the construction of which commenced at the end of the 16th century. Walter Raleigh, Governor of Jersey in 1600, rejected a plan to demolish the old castle to recycle the stone for the new fortifications with the words: "'twere pity to cast it down". Mont Orgueil () has guarded Jersey's east coast since the 13th century. The old castle continued to be used as the island's only prison until the construction of a prison in St. Helier at the end of the 17th century.
|
|
A guard room (end 15th century) is installed under this staircase in order to control movement in the underground galleries. File:France Loir-et-Cher Lavardin chateau 03.JPG File:France Loir- et-Cher Lavardin chateau 05.JPG On the final level, protected by a strong curtain wall (around 1200 - 15th century) with cannon embrasures (15th century), stands an imposing rectangular keep built in the 12th century. This construction is partly founded on the walls of the residence, or "domicilium", built by the lord of Lavardin, probably in the 1070s. Reinforced by three strong towers between the end of the 12th century and the 13th century, it was rebuilt by the counts de Vendôme, between the end of the 14th and the middle of the 15th centuries. The bulk of this work is attributed to Louis I, count de Vendôme from 1393 to 1446. With a height of 26 metres (~85 feet), the keep dominates the village and the valley. File:France Loir-et-Cher Lavardin chateau donjon 01.
|
|
Château de La Roche-Guyon, with the donjon (keep) on the hill behind The present Château de La Roche-GuyonIts early seigneurs, vassals of the comtes de Meulan, traditionally bore the name Guy; La Roche-Guyon signifies the "Rock of Guy" was built in the 12th century, controlling a river crossing of the Seine, itself one of the routes to and from Normandy;A 9th-century document leads historians to believe that the site was already fortified as part of the defences against Viking marauders who used the Seine as a pathway upriver to Paris (Le Ménestrel du Vexin). The Abbé Suger described its grim aspect: "At the summit of a steep promontory, dominating the bank of the great river Seine, rises a frightful castle without title to nobility, called La Roche. Invisible on the surface, it is hollowed out of a high cliff. The able hand of the builder has established in the mountainside, digging into the rock, an ample dwelling provided with a few miserable openings".
|
|
Anavarza’s upper city Anavarza’s upper city In the foreground: Some remains of the burial church of the Armenian kings, 12th century Anavarza’s castle Its great natural strength and situation, not far from the mouth of the Sis pass, and near the great road which debouched from the Cilician Gates, made Anazarbus play a considerable part in the struggles between the Eastern Roman Empire and the early Muslim invaders. It had been rebuilt by Harun al-Rashid in 796, refortified at great expense by the Hamdanid Sayf al-Dawla (mid-10th century) and again destroyed in 962 by Nikephoros II Phokas. In late 1097 or early 1098 it was captured by the armies of the First Crusade and was incorporated into Bohemond's Principality of Antioch. The Crusaders are probably responsible for the construction of an impressive donjon atop the center of the outcrop. Most of the remaining fortifications, including the curtain walls, massive horse- shaped towers, undercrofts, cisterns, and free-standing structures date from the Armenian periods of occupation, which began with the arrival of the Rubenid Baron T‛oros I, .
|
|
They were supported by Joan and her sister Margaret – for some of them, the role of foundresses was assigned a posteriori in modern times.Bernard Delmaire: Le monde des moines et des chanoines, sa féminisation au XIIIe siècle, in: Nicolas Dessaux (ed.): Jeanne de Constantinople, comtesse de Flandre et de Hainaut, Somogy, 2009, pp. 81–92. Joan also supported the foundation of the Mendicant orders in her counties. At Valenciennes, (to which a small community of Franciscans moved in 1217), she granted them the usufruct of the old Donjon of the city with for the foundation of a convent there; however, she had to face the resistance of the local Franciscan community. Finally, the two communities merged before 1241.Bernard Delmaire: Un nouveau mode de vie consacrée : les ordres mendiants, leur diffusion en Flandre et en Hainaut au XIIIe siècle, in: Nicolas Dessaux (ed.): Jeanne de Constantinople, comtesse de Flandre et de Hainaut, Somogy, 2009, pp. 95–104. In the case of the Franciscans of Lille, Joan sent her general contractor and carpenters to help build the church and convent.
|
|
Back in the Netherlands, he worked for the aged care home of Blaricum and for the Shell-laboratorium of Rijswijk (1969). After finishing a commission for Lisse (1970), he produced one of the most controversial of his pieces: the sculpture at the Spui 'Piramide' (1976). The pyramidal shape of the piece looked for providing the walker with a roof under which sit down and rest, but the aesthetic of the piece led to discontent in the neighbourhood and it was finally re-placed to the outskirts of the city (1987) to the Gaasperplaspark. More assignments succeeded (Gemeente, Amsterdam, 1972; Royal Building Service, Zuidwolde, 1974),'East Jesus County Revisited' next to the Ir. Otten bad in Eindhoven (1975), 'Septum, in gesprek met de vorigen' Stadswandelpark Eindhoven (1982),'Running Squares' for Rosmalen (1988). The fountain-like sculpture next to the Maas’ bridge in Heusden 'Maasbeeld' was finished in 1994, 'Tree of Learning'(1998) in front of the Carolus Borromeus College in Helmond and his last piece 'Donjon' (2002) you can find in Vlijmen (Heusden) in front of the Rabobank. The artist worked as well as lecturer in the Mollerinstituut in Tilburg (1976–1989), and became a member of the B.B.K. ’69 Amsterdam and of the Dutch Circle of Sculptors Amsterdam (1975–1981).
|
|