Factories, machines, land and office buildings can be counted as capital assets.
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Also at noon, the National Association of Broadcasters holds its Capital Assets Conference.
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But yes, we have an organization that has capital assets where 42,000 active duty strong.
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The new arrivals should bring with them cutting-edge capital assets and best-practice management.
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First off, the amount of new capital assets employed in the economy matters a lot.
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The appreciation of capital assets is already taxed at an extremely favorable rate compared to labor.
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Just look at the George Washington Bridge to see how user fees turn deficit-financed projects into profitable capital assets.
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Comprehensive research shows it reduces layoffs dramatically, provides ordinary working people with substantial capital assets, and helps companies perform significantly better.
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Companies like Tesla — companies that can transform a billion dollars into productive capital assets — seem to be few and far between.
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Net foreign ownership of American capital assets has risen to about $8 trillion from $20063 trillion at the end of 2010.
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Factories, machines, land and office buildings count as capital assets on a firm's books, because they will generate profits for many years.
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The relevance of GDP diminished when 2015 growth surpassed 26 percent due to adjustments that massively revised the stock of capital assets.
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And couple that colossal sum with another $2 trillion in capital assets now imbedded in fossil-fueled generating hardware and related infrastructure.
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The United States could easily consume a trillion dollars in infrastructure spending, given the well-documented deterioration of our nation's capital assets.
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Under accounting rules, factories or office buildings count as capital assets on a firm's books, because they yield benefits over a long horizon.
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The relevance of GDP diminished when 2015 growth was adjusted up to 26% after a massive revision of the stock of capital assets.
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Using capitalism to fix the racial wealth gap will work only if there is a means to transfer capital, assets, wealth or housing.
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These loans tend to have limited covenants, are not secured by specific working capital assets and are junior to the working capital loans.
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One of the most attractive benefits of public investments in transportation infrastructure is that they create tangible capital assets that are long-lived.
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Such fixed capital assets, along with current assets (cash, stocks of unsold goods, and so on) typically make up the bulk of book value.
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Merz said Germany should use equity markets to help German workers bolster their capital assets and allow more people to buy their own homes.
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GE is steadily decreasing the size of the business unit, planning to trim GE Capital assets by $25 billion before the end of 2019.
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The company is also spinning off the remaining healthcare business, selling GE Capital assets and retreating from the oil-and-gas giant Baker Hughes (BHGE).
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If you are holding Bitcoin as an investment, any gains or losses on the sale are treated as capital assets, like a stock or bond.
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The latest estimates used new surveys on costs faced by businesses and "significant" changes to the way capital assets such as buildings and machinery are measured.
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But the more leeway a company has to turn day-to-day costs into capital assets, the more scope there is to fiddle with reported earnings.
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This is a change from the current rules, which allow long-term capital gain treatment on all capital assets if held for greater than one year.
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"These loss assessments do not take into account losses to natural capital/assets, health care related losses, or values associated with loss of life," Smith said.
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These organizations would pay a tax on capital assets (the building, the land it's one, machinery, etc), in effect renting it from society as a whole.
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"The proposal would do little to nothing to boost the economy as it would provide a windfall for existing capital assets rather than incentivize new investment."
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But the capital assets on Cargill's balance sheet of $85033 billion enable the company to employ 160,000 people in a huge enterprise crucial to America's economy.
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Presently, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) allows corporations to deduct accelerated depreciation on capital assets (equipment and some intangibles) while booking straight-line depreciation in their accounts.
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Ontario projected that investment in capital assets will rise to C$14.2 billion in the coming fiscal year from an estimated C$10.7 billion in 13-18.
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You know, something like the sharing economy — you actually see that as a negative, because people are building less capital assets even though you're using them more effectively.
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Unlike direct cash or tax breaks, these incentives produce a secondary public benefit in the form of a more skilled workforce, capital assets like factories, and so one.
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Modified total domestic demand, which strips out the effects of multinationals re-domiciling, relocating or depreciating their capital assets, rose by 1.6% quarter-on-quarter in the first three months.
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A White House official confirmed that the U.S. Treasury is looking into the possibility of circumventing Congress to protect gains on capital assets from higher tax bills resulting from inflation.
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The wealthy are wealthy not just because they take home bigger paychecks, but because they earn a wildly disproportionate share of the income generated by stock and other capital assets.
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"Most people who have substantial wealth have that wealth in capital assets that tend to grow in value," said Marc J. Bloostein, partner in the private client group at Ropes & Gray.
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Buried in Steyer's 2017 tax form, under a document labeled "sale and other dispositions of capital assets," Steyer lists Farallon Credit SideCar Intermediate L.P. as one of his long-term investments.
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That means almost 90 percent of the wealth of the top 21625 percent of Americans consists ultimately of equity and debt in businesses, which fund capital assets that spur economic growth.
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On Friday, GE took another step toward its previous announced planned $21.5 billion reduction in GE Capital assets with the sale of its $1.5 billion healthcare equipment finance portfolio to TIAA Bank.
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The company also claim Yeezy Apparel is a "sham," operating without capital assets or member interest, and believe West runs the clothing and shoe company in a compromising manner to benefit himself.
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The relevance of using GDP diminished when 2015 growth was adjusted up to 26% after a massive revision to the stock of capital assets related to Ireland's large cluster of multinational companies.
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Sprint has substantial flexibility under its bond indentures and credit agreement to pursue additional funding through permitted securitizations, liens arising in connection with sale and leaseback transactions, or liens on capital assets and inventory.
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Sprint has substantial flexibility under its bond indentures and credit agreement to pursue additional funding through permitted securitizations, liens arising in connection with sale and leaseback transaction or liens on capital assets and inventory.
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The sale marks another step in GE's planned $25 billion reduction in GE Capital assets, which were built up as the division financed sales of GE aircraft engines, locomotives, power plants and other products.
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But the administration has been trying to determine whether it has the authority on its own to change the way capital gains taxes are calculated to protect the value of capital assets from inflation.
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The other possibility, which is relevant when we have trade deficits, is that foreigners spend on capital assets in the United States, such as stocks, bonds and direct investments in plants, equipment and real estate.
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The dramatic jump from an initial estimate of 7.8 percent follows a sharp revision of the stock of capital assets that some economists said called into question the data's relevance as a measure of the economy.
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A host of issues, from the treatment of inventories to the rate at which capital assets are depreciated, can lead to positive earnings while cash flow is negative, or negative earnings while cash flow is positive.
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Still, most of the bad news has been squeezed out of the stock, as the company basically divested itself of almost all of it GE Capital assets, and is now firmly focused on the industrial business.
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CIT's oil and gas loan exposure, the majority of which is secured by traditional reserve-based lending assets, working capital assets or long-lived fixed assets, comprised a manageable 2.4% of total loans as of Sept.
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The payroll contribution cuts would be financed by an increase in a broader tax covering everything from wages to capital gains and pensions, effectively shifting the burden from workers to retirees and wealthy owners of capital assets.
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"The U.S. military could suffer unacceptably high casualties and loss of major capital assets in its next conflict," the commission, headed by Eric Edelman, former ambassador and under secretary of Defense for policy, wrote in the report.
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After then incorporating the market value of the Industrial assets ($71bn to $78n) and Capital assets ($111bn to $129bn), we impute a value for GE equity between -$2.47 to +$7.11, or just over $2/share at the midpoint.
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FCC DEM PUSHES FOR GREATER DIVERSITY IN BROADCASTING: In a speech at the National Association of Broadcasters' Capital Assets Conference today, Mignon Clyburn, the sole remaining Democrat on the FCC, called for increased diversity in the broadcasting industry.
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The adjusted gross national income (GNI) measure, which will be phased by the end of 2018, will exclude the depreciation attributable to relocated capital assets and the impact of re-domiciled firms, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) said.
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As part of a move to drive better returns from investments and to share capital assets where possible, it would create a "virtual tower" company to manage the 58,000 towers it controls across Europe, with a dedicated management team.
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On March 2, Amtrak said was on pace this year to achieve operational breakeven for the first time in the companys 49-year history even as it invests billions in new high-speed Acela trains and other capital assets.
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Amtrak said Monday it is on pace this year to achieve operational break-even for the first time in the company's 49-year history even as it invests billions in new high-speed Acela trains and other capital assets.
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BERLIN, Dec 1 (Reuters) - Businessman Friedrich Merz, who is running to succeed Chancellor Angela Merkel as leader of the Christian Democrats (CDU), said Germany should waive taxes on retirement-focused equity investments to boost the capital assets of German workers.
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The objective of the sell-off of GE Capital assets, which began in spring 2015, was to reduce the financial division's size to much more manageable levels — and eliminate the heavy capital requirements and other regulations that the label imposed.
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The relevance of using gross domestic product (GDP) to measure Ireland's highly open economy was called into question last July when growth for 2015 was adjusted up to 26 percent after a massive revision to the stock of capital assets.
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When put against one such measure - modified gross national income or GNI*, which excludes the effects of foreign firms re-domiciling, relocating or depreciating their capital assets - the country's debt burden was still higher than its underlying national income at a ratio of 104%.
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Kevin Hassett, chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, said on a call last month the main reason why cutting the corporate tax rate would boost wages is because doing so would make it less expensive for companies to invest in capital assets such as machines.
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As of December 2008, the agency had million in capital assets.
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Sinking is its opposite, repaying debt or acquiring capital assets without debt.
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Net personal casualty gains are taxed as gains from sales or exchanges of capital assets. See .
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One of the major factors influencing women to greater poverty are the limited opportunities, capabilities, and empowerment in terms of access to and control over production resources of land, labor, human capital assets including education and health, and social capital assets such as participation at various levels, legal rights, and protection.
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Capital assets were valued at nearly $13.9 billion CAD. In fiscal 2015 the total generation was 35.0 terawatt-hours (33.2 in fiscal 2013).
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Regenerative economics is an economic system that works to regenerate capital assets. A capital asset is an asset that provides goods and/or services that are required for, or contribute to, our well being. In standard economic theory, one can either “regenerate” one's capital assets or consume them until the point where the asset cannot produce a viable stream of goods and/or services. What sets regenerative economics apart from standard economic theory is that it takes into account and gives hard economic value to the principal or original capital assets — the earth and the sun.
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Most jurisdictions imposing an income tax treat capital gains as part of income subject to tax. Capital gain is generally a gain on sale of capital assets—that is, those assets not held for sale in the ordinary course of business. Capital assets include personal assets in many jurisdictions. Some jurisdictions provide preferential rates of tax or only partial taxation for capital gains.
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Although the values of capital assets are often casually said to deflate when they decline, this usage is not consistent with the usual definition of deflation; a more accurate description for a decrease in the value of a capital asset is economic depreciation. Another term, the accounting conventions of depreciation are standards to determine a decrease in values of capital assets when market values are not readily available or practical.
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Since no capital deductions are allowed, depreciation on capital assets is not tax-deductible, although tax depreciation, known as "capital allowances" is available instead for expenditure on some capital assets. Capital allowances are given by the Capital Allowances Act 2001 (CAA 2001). Note that expenditure on finance leases (as opposed to, say, lease or hire purchase agreements) is considered to be revenue. Therefore interest payments and depreciation on finance leases is deductible.
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International Journal of Political Economy, 04: 18-32 However, due to excessive supply requirements and ever increasing demand from the global markets, industrial collapses tend to operate in favour of the emergence of new independent capitals. Typically what happens in a severe economic crisis is that the real cost structure of production is realigned with market prices. In Marx's terms, productivity growth has changed product-values in different sectors, but it is only after quite some time that prices adjust to changed underlying values. In that case, devalorisation may occur quite rapidly: capital assets are suddenly worth less, and as soon as capital assets are no longer utilised and maintained by living human labour (because of unemployment), the value of those capital assets begins to deteriorate.
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Wives for sale were treated like capital assets or commodities. One law made wives into husbands' chattels. Other sales were described as brutal, patriarchal, and feudalistic. Wife sales were equated with slavery.
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However, there is much dispute about which kinds of economic growth are beneficial or harmful. Capital accumulation (the amassing of wealth in the form of capital assets) can occur either by producing a net addition to the stock of capital assets or by transferring wealth from one owner to another. In the former case, the total stock of capital grows. In the latter case, the accumulation of one owner occurs at the expense of the other, there is no net growth.
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7, i. 1, February 1974, Pp. 58-60. See human capital, natural capital, triple bottom line, human development theory. Capital assets should not be confused with the capital a financial institution is required to hold.
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Headquartered in California, California First National Bancorp is a registered financial holding company for California First National Bank and California First Leasing Corp. The company currently operates with two primary businesses including an FDIC-insured national bank and a leading leasing company specializing in financing high-technology capital assets. The company offers various leasing and banking services including leasing and financing capital assets, leasing non-high technology property, accepting various deposit products and various commercial loans for corporations, companies, educational institute and other social organizations.
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The larger the stock of assets which is neither an input nor an output to real production, and the wealthier society's elite becomes, the more labour is devoted only to maintaining the mass of capital assets rather than increasing its value.
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According to Schweickart, these grants do not represent "free money", since an investment grant counts as an addition to the capital assets of the enterprise, upon which the capital-asset tax must be paid. Thus the capital assets tax functions as an interest rate. A bank grant is essentially a loan requiring interest payments but no repayment of principal. While an economy of worker-self-managed enterprises might tend toward lower unemployment than under capitalism - because banks are mandated to consistently prioritize investment projects that would increase employment - Schweickart notes that it does not guarantee full employment.
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In developed capitalist economies, the majority of workers and capital assets no longer directly participate in the production of new commodities by private enterprise. Many workers work in service industries which manage, maintain or distribute already existing resources. That is the result of two centuries of industrialization and mechanization in developed capitalist countries (plus outsourcing to newly industrializing economies). The bulk of capital assets in developed capitalist countries are not physical means of production used by private enterprise to create new commodities; they are financial assets, real estate and other types of property not used for production.
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For all companies where Sir Brian Gammel Ivory holds a current appointment, the aggregate cash at bank value is £103.9m, a cumulative gross capital assets valuation of £578.8m and a total existing liabilities of £237.5 m and a overall estimated net worth of £826 m.
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In August 2020 Access Bank Zambia entered into a binding commitment to acquire the entire issued ordinary share capital, assets and liabilities of Cavmont Bank, another Zambian commercial bank. The transaction, which requires regulatory and shareholder approval, is expected to close in Q4 of 2020.
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David A. Baldwin, Economic Statecraft (Princeton UP, 1985). Other policies, such tariff discrimination, sanctions, the suspension of aid, the freezing of capital assets, the prohibition of investment and other capital flows, and expropriation, even if without war, may be referred to as economic warfare.
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In 2012, the first of several sexual abuse lawsuits was filed against the diocese, alleging abuse of both boys and girls by men and women employed by the diocese. More than 60 plaintiffs had joined the suits by April 2015. In 2016, the diocese created the Diocese of Great Falls-Billings Juridic Persons Capital Assets Support Corporation (the "Capital Assets Support Corporation", or CASC), a nonprofit organization to which it transferred most of its cash and assets by the end of the year. Diocesan officials believed they could protect the church's assets from victim claims, even though the diocese maintained an interlocking board of directors with the CASC and controlled it.
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Although CAC freely enabled investment in the country, it also enabled quick liquidation and removal of capital assets from the country, both domestic and foreign. It also exposed domestic creditors to overseas credit risks, fluctuations in fiscal policy, and manipulation.Zoubida Allaoua. India: sustaining rapid economic growth.
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Capital gains treatment is not applicable in this case. At the time relevant to this case, section 1222(3) of the Internal Revenue Code defined long-term capital gains as gains resulting from the sale or exchange of capital assets held for more than 6 months.
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An owner can obtain funding for purchase of fixed capital assets from the aptly named capital market, where loans are given on a long-term basis. Funding can also come from reserve funds, the selling of shares, and the issuing of debentures, bonds or other promissory notes.
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ERA Technology is a UK-based technology organisation with a history dating back to 1920. ERA Technology provides specialist engineering consultancy to owners and operators of large-value capital assets and systems; helping clients to reduce risk, improve operational performance and comply with functional safety and regulatory requirements.
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Adam Ludwik was born in 1872. He became the head of the Czartoryski family after the death of his father in 1894. In 1897 he became Ordynat of the Sieniawa Ordynacja property. Capital assets were estimated at 4.5 million Austrian Crowns, which did not include the Family Collections.
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In February 1999, the bank initiated a plan of reorganization as a wholly owned subsidiary of Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. The company issued stock for the first time, raising over US$500 million of new capital. Assets exceeded $8 billion by then. On July 13, 1999, Hudson City Bancorp, Inc.
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The firm still retains its capital assets; however, the firm cannot leave the industry or avoid its fixed costs in the short run. Exit is a long-term decision. A firm that has exited an industry has avoided all commitments and freed all capital for use in more profitable enterprises.Landsburg, S (2002) p.
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In addition, there are many variations of market socialism where the majority of capital assets are socially owned with markets allocating resources between socially owned firms. These models range from systems based on employee-owned enterprises based on self-management to a combination of public ownership of the means of production with factor markets.
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Coastal erosion is one of the most significant hazards associated with the coast. Not in terms of a rare massive release of energy or material resulting in loss of life, as is associated with tsunami and cyclones, but in terms of a continual chronic release that forms a threat to infrastructure, capital assets and property.
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An economy that is managed according to these precepts may be described as liberal capitalism or liberal economy. Economic liberalism is associated with free markets and private ownership of capital assets. Historically, economic liberalism arose in response to mercantilism and feudalism. Today, economic liberalism is also considered opposed to non- capitalist economic orders such as socialism and planned economies.
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"Ecosystem services are the suite of benefits that ecosystems provide to humanity." The natural species, or biota, are the caretakers of all ecosystems. It is as if the natural world is an enormous bank account of capital assets capable of paying life sustaining dividends indefinitely, but only if the capital is maintained.Wright, Richard T., and Bernard J. Nebel.
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Because unproductive assets cost money, it is important to classify them as such by investment recovery personnel. Later, a decision can be made whether to redeploy or divest. Surplus assets could be in any form, including fixed equipment, mobile equipment, buildings, or land. Idle or surplus assets can be either capital assets or non-capital surplus.
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Top tax rates on long-term capital gains and real economic growth (measured as the percentage change in real GDP) from 1950 to 2011. There is no apparent relationship (correlation = .12) between low capital gains taxes and high economic growth or vice versa. Capital gains are profits from investments in capital assets such as bonds, stocks, and real estate.
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Meanwhile, the banking system used its ownership of the debt to provide capital assets for economic growth.John Ehrmanm, The Younger Pitt: The Years of Acclaim (1969) [vol 1] pp 239-81. When the wars with France began, the debt reached £359 million in 1797 and Pitt kept the sinking fund in operation and raised taxes, especially on luxury items.
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It plans to sell its real estate business for $26.5 billion, sell most of its GE Capital assets which now total $500 billion, and repatriate nearly $36 billion in cash held overseas to fund while the board also authorized a share buyback program using up to $50 billion. This plan confirms GE's intent to exit the banking business.
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For example, a well-maintained forest or river may provide an indefinitely sustainable flow of new trees or fish, whereas over-use of those resources may lead to a permanent decline in timber availability or fish stocks. Natural capital also provides people with essential services, like water catchment, erosion control and crop pollination by insects, which in turn ensure the long-term viability of other natural resources. Since the continuous supply of services from the available natural capital assets is dependent upon a healthy, functioning environment, the structure and diversity of habitats and ecosystems are important components of natural capital. Methods, called 'natural capital asset checks', help decision-makers understand how changes in the current and future performance of natural capital assets will impact human well-being and the economy.
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Today, 7,236 employees and 261 trainees work for the group worldwide. In 1890, the company had around 100 employees, among them a wages clerk and three technicians to assemble the machines. In 1899, the former partnership was changed to a public limited company with capital assets of 1 million Goldmarks. In 1920 five engineers founded Maho AG as Mayr, Hoermann & Cie GmbH.
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If market conditions improve, due to prices increasing or production costs falling, the firm can resume production. Shutting down is a short-run decision.Landsburg, S 2002.p.193. A firm that has shut down is not producing, but it still retains its capital assets; however, the firm cannot leave the industry or avoid its fixed costs in the short run.
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Labor is not another "factor of production" on par with land and capital. Labor is the residual claimant. Workers get all that remains, once other costs, including depreciation set asides and the capital assets tax, have been paid. Because of the way workplaces and the investment mechanism are structured, Schweickart's model aims to facilitate fair trade, not free trade, between nations.
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AICPA Statement on Auditing Standards No. 106 Control objectives may be organized within processes, to help organize the documentation, ownership and TDRA approach. Typical financial processes include expense & accounts payable (purchase to payment), payroll, revenue and accounts receivable (order to cash collection), capital assets, etc. This is how most auditing textbooks organize control objectives. Processes can also be risk-ranked.
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Governments generally provide opportunities to defer taxes where there are specific policy reasons to encourage an industry. For example, accelerated depreciation is used in some countries to encourage investment in renewable energy. Further, governments have increased accelerated depreciation methods in time of economic stress (in particular, the US government passed laws after 9–11 to further accelerate depreciation on capital assets).
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In 2001, SCOPE was reported to have secured a contract to supply components to a Dubai-based customer. In 2002, Scomi CEO, Shah Hakim Zain, was appointed director of SCOPE along with Mansor Tahir and Hilmy Zaini Zainal. In that year, the company had MYR250,000 in paid up capital. Assets of MYR1.5 million, turnover of MYR12 million and profits of MYR1 million.
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Sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and the exacerbating interaction between these two natural phenomena are likely to pose a significant threat for the loss of capital assets in coastal areas in the future. It is hard to say if the vulnerability to coastal hazards by those residing there is perceived, yet dominated by the amenity value of coasts, or simply ignored.
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Consistent with the views of Spain, Ireland was initially reluctant to participate in the Safehaven program due to fears of compromising its neutrality and sovereignty. After a three-year diplomatic battle with the United States Ireland sent a note in August of 1948 to the Allies detailing German capital assets remaining in Ireland and offering cooperation with the Safehaven program.
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The common view among economic historians is that the Great Depression ended with the advent of World War II (assembling the North American B-25 Mitchell at Kansas City, 1942) War typically causes the diversion, destruction and creation of capital assets as capital assets are either destroyed, consumed, or diverted to types of production needed to fight the war. Many assets are wasted and in some few cases created specifically to fight a war. War driven demands may be a powerful stimulus for the accumulation of capital and production capability in limited areas and market expansion outside the immediate theatre of war. Often this has induced laws against perceived and real war profiteering. The total hours worked in the United States rose by 34 percent during World War II, even though the military draft reduced the civilian labor force by 11 percent.
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Lodge had various investments in land estates and in his trading speculations, but through a series of suits or challenges to title or profits he was drawn into frequent, costly litigation and, being over-invested, constantly struggled to find ready money, and ran through his capital assets. In 1567-8 he was obliged to resign from the Aldermanry,City Records, 3 Dec 1566, Rep.
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In effect they were running two businesses, protecting the capital assets that were the buildings, boilers and engine, and then manufacturing and trading in cotton cloth. The five elected directors had a great deal of discretion on how and how long the business should operate. In 1865, the company was reorganised. The Haggate Joint Stock Commercial Company became solely a room and power company.
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Property management systems are used to manage, control and account for personal property. Property is defined as the equipment, tooling and physical capital assets that are acquired and used to build, repair and maintain end item deliverables. Property Management involves the processes, systems and manpower required to manage the life cycle of all acquired property as defined above including Acquisition, Control, Accountability, Maintenance, Utilization, and disposition.
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The amount of zakat to be paid by an individual depends on the amount of money and the type of assets the individual possesses. The Quran does not provide specific guidelines on which types of wealth are taxable under the zakat, nor does it specify percentages to be given. But the customary practice is that the amount of zakat paid on capital assets (e.g. money) is 2.5% ().
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He was chosen as "The Entrepreneur of the Twentieth Century" by a group of eleven business school deans in Colombia, and has received commendations from King of Spain Juan Carlos I including honorary Spanish citizenship. He is listed as one of the richest men in Latin America, and has appeared on several occasions in Forbes magazine, with his capital assets estimated at over 1 billion dollars.
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This tax generated 21,000 roubles in 1796 and 140,000 roubles by 1803. Beginning in 1772, the Orphanage also managed three banks: Loan Treasury, Savings Treasury, and Widows Treasury. These financial institutions, initially plagued by fraud and poor management, became effective and influential under the guidance of Empress Maria. By 1828, their total assets exceeded 359 million roubles, the largest capital assets in all of Moscow.
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E-HR also involves the regulation of electronic data and processes. This requires employers to monitor employees and establish security measures to prevent employee data theft and misuse of technology. Regulation is a vital component of E-HR because data is considered a form of collateral. Therefore, similar to other capital assets, it becomes a business necessity and fiduciary duty to protect the assets of a company from theft or exploitation.
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The exchange rate reflects transaction values for traded goods between countries in contrast to non-traded goods, that is, goods produced for home- country use. Also, currencies are traded for purposes other than trade in goods and services, e.g., to buy capital assets whose prices vary more than those of physical goods. Also, different interest rates, speculation, hedging or interventions by central banks can influence the foreign-exchange market.
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This includes monitoring and becoming aware of a performance issue with an asset in its asset portfolio (i.e., capital asset base), to completing a project and delivering a modified or new asset to the company's portfolio. It also addresses managing multiple projects as a program or project portfolio. TCM has found its widest audience in the companies that make large capital investments in fixed capital assets through construction projects (e.g.
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To compute the rate of profit, replacement cost of capital assets must be used to define the capital cost. Assets such as machinery cannot be replaced at their historical cost but must be purchased at the current market value. When inflation occurs, historical cost would not take account of rising prices of equipment. The rate of profit would be overestimated using lower historical cost for computing the value of capital invested.
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Lawrence had a benefice (an office endowed with fixed capital assets that provide a living through the revenue from such assets) in the west of England, where he attained fame by his preaching. He was published by the royalist printer Richard Royston. Along with Thomas Pierce and Jeremy Taylor, he was one of the Arminian clerics attacked by Edward Bagshaw the younger and Henry Hickman.Nicholas Tyacke, Religious Controversy, p.
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Maudsley International also signed an agreement with the Ministry of Public Health in Qatar for expert advice to help advance Qatar's national mental health strategy. It established a joint venture limited liability partnership with Northumbria Healthcare Facilities Management, run by Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust in 2019. This will run its private and international work, develop its capital assets and employ its facilities staff. It will initially employ 192 existing staff.
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Money as the only asset to finally settle contracts, therefore, carries liquidity premium per se. Other assets which are not money, from demand deposits over marketable debt titles to capital assets, have a liquidity premium bequeathed to them by the very existence of money and according to their degree of transformability into money." ibid., p. 472. "Keynes's idea that interest is the payment for forgoing liquidity premium, therefore, falls short.
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Cheri Rodgers Gerou (born March 2, 1956 in Casper, Wyoming) is an American architect and former politician, who served as a Republican in the General Assembly of the U.S. state of Colorado. First elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican in 2008, Gerou represented House District 25, which encompasses western Jefferson County, Colorado. She currently serves as the Director of Capital Assets at the University of Colorado.
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Troyat, Henri, Alexander of Russia, p. 111. By 1828, their total assets exceeded 359 million roubles, the largest capital assets in all of Moscow. After the end of the Napoleonic wars, the Board of Trustees capitalized on the recent disaster by building cheap rental housing on its properties. As a result of this policy, the new facilities housed up to 8,000 residents of all ranks in the 1820s.
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The founders included Mother Sudalmiyah Suhud Rais, Radjab Month Hadipurnomo, Muhammad Syafa'at Habib, Sulastri Gito Atmodjo, and KH Syahlan Rosyidi, among others. On September 18, 1958, the new university was inaugurated by the Mayor of Surakarta Municipality, Werdhisastro HM Salih. It had 51 students and 7 employed lecturers. Capital assets at inception were derived from the FKIP Jakarta Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Branch, located at Jalan Lieutenant Colonel Sudiarto No. 60 Surakarta.
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The management located in Moscow was designated as the bank governing body, and the function of the controlling body was allocated to the Board. Capital assets of the bank amounted to 1 million rubles upon its founding and 4 million rubles in 1917. The original building of the bank was located at Myasnitskaya Street in Moscow. In 1912 the office at Bolshaya Dmitrovka in the house No.4 opened its doors for the large public.
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Marx's concept of constant capital is the monetary value of the plant, equipment and materials that are tied up in the production process. And his concept of variable capital is the money value that is tied up in the payment of wages. The concept of OCC does not apply to all capital assets, only to those invested in production (i.e. it excludes assets that are in the 'sphere of consumption', such as homes).
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In double-entry bookkeeping, expenses are recorded as a debit to an expense account (an income statement account) and a credit to either an asset account or a liability account, which are balance sheet accounts. An expense decreases assets or increases liabilities. Typical business expenses include salaries, utilities, depreciation of capital assets, and interest expense for loans. The purchase of a capital asset such as a building or equipment is not an expense.
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Independent income is a stream of income received without directly exchanging labour power for it.interview with Louis Kelso, originator of Binary economics Examples are interest on money capital, dividends earned by share ownership, rental income, etc. Many economists and other professionalsJames S. Albus , Peoples' Capitalism (1976). consider that there is a need in modern capitalist economies for policies that encourage the acquisition of income generating capital assets that supplement or replace employment generated income.
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A capital asset is defined to include property of any kind held by an assessee, whether connected with their business or profession or not connected with their business or profession. It includes all kinds of property, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, fixed or circulating. Thus, land and building, plant and machinery, motorcar, furniture, jewellery, route permits, goodwill, tenancy rights, patents, trademarks, shares, debentures, securities, units, mutual funds, zero-coupon bonds etc. are capital assets.
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If production becomes unprofitable, capital will be withdrawn from production sooner or later. The implication is that the main driving force of capitalism becomes the quest to maximise the appropriation of surplus-value augmenting the stock of capital. The overriding motive behind efforts to economise resources and labor would thus be to obtain the maximum possible increase in income and capital assets ("business growth"), and provide a steady or growing return on investment.
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With limited availability of a product the prices rise making it unavailable to those that cannot the rising prices. In Cape Town specifically supermarkets rely directly on fresh produce from the nearby farm area. Not only does climate change affect the production of food, but it can also damage capital assets that affect accessibility and utilization. Specifically in Cape Town the access to food deserts does not change the severity of food deserts.
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They must also meet a range of other operating expenses. These can include all kinds of things like bookkeeping, training, catering, cleaning & repairs, advertising, insurance, security services, bribes, taxes & levies etc. Marx has in mind mainly those circulation costs directly necessary and indispensable to keep production going, not "fringe benefits". In modern medium-sized to large-sized business, fixed capital assets will "on average" be the largest single component of the annual tangible capital outlay.
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In economics, a market is transparent if much is known by many about: What products and services or capital assets are available, market depth (quantity available), what price, and where. Transparency is important since it is one of the theoretical conditions required for a free market to be efficient. Price transparency can, however, lead to higher prices. For example, if it makes sellers reluctant to give steep discounts to certain buyers (e.g.
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Two fires and insufficient insurance left the retail enterprise with only $1,000 left of its stock. In 1853 Prudent moved alone to Los Angeles, and succeeded in regaining a respectable amount of floating capital. In 1854 Prudent decided to invest in capital assets in addition to his retail store. He bought different tracts of land, which constituted the "Beaudry Blocks". The rents he earned from his real estate assets yielded him $1,000 per month.
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The annual payroll comes to almost $22 million. The value of unit resources, weapon systems, capital assets, and inventory comes to almost $300 million. The unit maintains facilities housing over 207,300 square feet (approximately 19.7 percent of Luke Air Force Base facility space). The majority of personnel are traditional reservists that meet during one required weekend unit training assembly each month, augmented by numerous additional weekends and weekdays in an additional drill or active duty status.
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In the United Kingdom, the term net asset value may refer to book value. A mutual fund is an entity which primarily owns "financial assets" or capital assets such as bonds, stocks and commercial paper. The net asset value of a mutual fund is the market value of assets owned by the fund minus the fund's liabilities. This is similar to shareholders' equity, except the asset valuation is market-based rather than based on acquisition cost.
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Firms react to the improvement of commercial situation through the increase in output through the full employment of the extent fixed capital assets. As a result, within a certain period of time (ranging between a few months and two years) the market gets ‘flooded’ with commodities whose quantity becomes gradually excessive. The demand declines, prices drop, the produced commodities get accumulated in inventories, which informs entrepreneurs of the necessity to reduce output. However, this process takes some time.
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A constructed vision of reality so naturalized that it appears to be the only vision of reality learned, fundamental, deep-founded, unconscious beliefs, and values, taken as self-evident universals, that inform an agent's actions and thoughts within a particular field, e.g. 365 days, 24hrs, 60 seconds. Hexis: The way in which social agents 'carry themselves' in the world; their gait, gesture, postures, accent etc. Cultural capital: Assets which enable holders to mobilize cultural authority e.g.
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Władysław's son, Prince Adam Ludwik, then carried on the work of his father. In 1897 he took over the Sieniawa Ordynacja property from the Emperor Franz-Joseph. At that point his capital assets were estimated at 4.5 million Austrian Crowns, not including the Collections. In 1899, Adam Ludwik's aunt Izabela bequeathed the Gołuchów Estate, with all the collections that she had bought with her beloved brother Władysław, to her two nephews, and Prince Adam Ludwik cared for both Museums.
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In 1963 the activities of Pars Agency were brought under the newly created Information Ministry. Its name was changed to Pars News Agency, or PANA, and it began operating around the clock. In July 1975 the Iranian legislature passed a bill establishing the Ministry of Information and Tourism and changing the status of Pars News Agency to a joint public stock with capital assets of about 300 million rials. It then became an affiliate of the new ministry.
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The two streams of argument from management relate the primacy of market rationality. They are: # Property rights, in that the rights that management has had over their capital assets incurs this level of control and; # Economic efficiency, the argument that it is better to let management manage as they see fit for the benefit of all stakeholders. Both views center on the idea that more efficient work will occur if managers are allowed to use their prerogatives.
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Whether an act is supererogatory or obligatory can be debated. In many schools of thought, donating money to charity is supererogatory. In other schools of thought that regard some level of charitable donation to be duty (such as with the tithe in Judaism, zakat in Islam, and similar standards in many Christian sects), only exceeding a certain level of donation (e.g. going above the common 2.5%-of-capital-assets standard in zakat) would count as supererogatory.
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The Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists has created a trial, environmental accounting model that can be applied to regions of any size. These regional accounts use a common unit of measurement, which allows comparisons to be made between different natural capital assets. The Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment is in the process of developing experimental ecosystem accounts."Environmental Accounts", "Australian Bureau of Meteorology", 2013 The energy and water accounts found on the National Balance Sheet are produced annually.
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Though lynching was rarer and de jure segregation did not exist in the North, negative attitudes towards blacks prevailed among many white citizens. As industrial, inner city neighborhoods became increasingly black, many whites left for the suburbs, taking their capital assets with them. The result was the rapid emergence of overwhelmingly black neighborhoods, which, generally speaking, suffered tragically high poverty and crime rates. Yet these neighborhoods also simmered with hopes of economic, social, and political advancement.
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The official story is that the factors of production all add value to the new output. In a sense this is true, since living labour conserves and transfers value from materials and equipment to the new product; and capitalist production could not occur if capitalists did not supply capital in return for profit. But without the active human subject, no new value is created at all, and capital assets lose value. This becomes apparent when workers go on strike.
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Valorisation of capital is for Marx not at all the same as the "realisation of capital". Value may be added in the production process, but this additional value may not be realised as an additional sum of money, unless the outputs are sold at a favourable price. At an unfavourable price, output is sold without increasing capital assets. So, the new value added in production may be lost to the producer or owner, when the new product is traded.
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The husband, was a fairly successful man of commerce and at all material times was and had been building up some capital assets which he invested in purchases of private and commercial property. After 10 years living in a house registered in his name with his wife, he left for a mistress. Soon he offered marriage, which she declined. They found a house in 1965 which he bought and he thereafter clearly assured her it would be hers.
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Natural capital is the world's stock of natural resources, which includes geology, soils, air, water and all living organisms. Some natural capital assets provide people with free goods and services, often called ecosystem services. Two of these (clean water and fertile soil) underpin our economy and society, and thus make human life possible. It is an extension of the economic notion of capital (resources which enable the production of more resources) to goods and services provided by the natural environment.
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An example of economics relying on information science occurs in cases where a simulation or model is intended to enable economic decisions, such as determining what capital assets are at risk and by how much (see risk management). Artificial intelligence has retained the most attention regarding applied ontology in subfields like natural language processing within machine translation and knowledge representation, but ontology editors are being used often in a range of fields like education without the intent to contribute to AI.
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Au Bon Marché department store In late 19th- and early 20th-century Paris, wealth was growing rapidly, and it became increasingly concentrated. Paris from 1872 to 1927 was a "rentier society". Rentiers (that is, people who relied primarily on inherited wealth) made up about 10% of the population, but owned 70% of aggregate wealth; they spent heavily on luxuries as their income from capital assets could sustain a living standard far beyond what labor income alone would permit.Thomas Piketty et al.
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It continued to operate for the next few years, taking on new partners and assuming various designations. In June 1973, it was taken over by the company Pirites Alentejanas, SARL, with a major stake by national interests (50% by the State, 40% by CUF and a fixed 10% by Mines d’Aljustrel). With the nationalization program implemented by the democratic government in 1975, the State took over 90% of the company's capital assets, with the remaining 10% held by Belgian interests.
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The domestic and global operations of Yanchang have grown in size and capital assets due to its global expansion efforts and multibillion-dollar acquisitions. A major event in the growth of Yanchang can be attributed to the acquisition of Novus, at 230 million Canadian dollars. This acquisition has been vital because it establishes an international footprint for Yanchang and allows Yanchang to extract oil in a foreign market. Within the last decade, Yanchang has gone through a period of growth and rapid decline.
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In Marxism, the valorisation or valorization of capital is the increase in the value of capital assets through the application of value-forming labour in production. The German original term is "Verwertung" (specifically Kapitalverwertung) but this is difficult to translate. The first translation of Capital by Samuel Moore and Edward Aveling, under Engels' editorship, renders "Verwertung" in different ways depending on the context, for example as "creation of surplus-value", "self-expanding value", "increase in value" and similar expressions.By Swann Sonnenschein, London, 1887.
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Capital adequacy policy applies to equity and capital assets. These can be overvalued in many circumstances because they do not always reflect current market conditions or adequately assess the risk of every trading position. Accordingly, the Basel standards require the capital/asset ratio of internationally active commercial banks to be above a prescribed minimum international standard, to improve the resilience of the banking sector. The main role of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, hosted by the BIS, is setting capital adequacy requirements.
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Introduced in June 1999, this provision recommends that governmental agencies report the value of their infrastructure assets in their financial statements. GASB recommends that government agencies use a historical cost approach for capitalizing long- lived capital assets; however, if historical information is not available, guidance is provided for an alternate approach based on the current replacement cost of the assets. A method of representing the costs associated with the use of the assets must also be selected, and two methods are allowed by GASB.
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Fixed assets can be purchased by a business, in which case the business owns them. They can also be leased, hired or rented, if that is cheaper or more convenient, or if owning the fixed asset is practically impossible (for legal or technical reasons). Refining the classical distinction between fixed and circulating capital in Das Kapital, Karl Marx emphasizes that the distinction is really purely relative, i.e. it refers only to the comparative rotation speeds (turnover time) of different types of physical capital assets.
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When the top ordinary tax rates were increased by the 1990 and 1993 budget acts, an alternative tax rate of 28 percent was provided. Effective tax rates exceeded 28 percent for many high- income taxpayers, however, because of interactions with other tax provisions. The end of the 1990s and the beginning of the present century heralded major reductions in taxing the income from gains on capital assets. Lower rates for 18-month and five-year assets were adopted in 1997 with the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997.
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Earth Economics is a 501c3 non-profit headquartered in Tacoma, Washington, United States. The organization uses natural capital valuation to help decision makers and local stakeholders understand the value of natural capital assets. By identifying, monetizing, and valuing natural capital and ecosystem services, Earth Economics helps communities and organizations make sound investment and policy decisions that mitigate risk, add value, and build resilience. The organization has a small in-house staff of economists that collaborate with experts in economics, ecology, hydrology, policy and systems modeling.
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However, this system in turn induced the states to undertake those schemes in which they got a higher share of the central finances and therefore a steady central assistance was given to the states for a planned period. The grants were supposed to be given to the states which did not have enough capital assets that would have earned them enough money to pay for loans taken from the centre. They were provided to the states outright according to their needs. But in reality, no correlation was found between grants and the need for them.
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Bennie Hewitt's Capital Assets sold this station, along with WHOD and WBMH, for $500,000 to Jason Kyzer's Kyzer Communications, in March 2017; the sale was consummated on June 8, 2017. On November 14, 2017, WRJX went silent.Alabama Broadcast Media Page WRJX and sister stations WBMH and WHOD were purchased out of bankruptcy for $200,000 by Thomas Butts' Pine City Radio effective June 22, 2018. On June 6, 2019, WRJX's license was cancelled by the FCC and the WRJX call sign deleted, due to the station having been silent for more than a year.
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Looked at as a natural capital asset, rainforests provide air and water regulation services, potential sources of new medicines and natural carbon sequestration. Fires along the Rio Xingu, Brazil - NASA Earth Observatory. Loss of natural capital assets may have significant impact on local and global economies, as well as on the climate. The many components of natural capital can be viewed as providing essential goods and ecosystem services which underpin some of our key global issues, such as food and water supply, minimising climate change and meeting energy needs.
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While there is no single approach or 'blueprint' for social control of investment, many strategies have been proposed. For example, Gar Alperovitz claims many real-world strategies have already emerged to democratize and decentralize the ownership of wealth and capital. In addition to worker cooperatives, Alperovitz highlights ESOPs, credit unions and other cooperative forms, social enterprises, municipally owned utilities and public banks as starting points for what he has termed a "Pluralist Commonwealth". Alternately, David Schweickart proposes a flat-rate tax on capital assets to replace all other business taxes.
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This "capital assets tax" is collected and invested by the central government. Funds are dispersed throughout society, first to regions and communities on a per capita basis, then to public banks in accordance with past performance, then to those firms with profitable project proposals. Profitable projects that promise increased employment are favored over those that do not. At each level, national, regional and local, legislatures decide what portion of their funds is to be used for public capital expenditures, then send the remainder to the next lower level.
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As a result, the resource base in eastern regions of the Soviet Union remained largely untapped. During the first 6 months of the invasion, German forces managed to occupy or isolate territory which prior to WWII accounted for over 60% of total coal, pig iron, and aluminum production. Nearly 40% of total grain production and 60% of total livestock was lost. Moreover, this area contained 40% Soviet population before the war, 32% of the state enterprise labor force, and one-third of the fixed capital assets of the state enterprise sector.
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Its main goal is to provide support and counselling for children, youths and families. It also maintains day care facilities for children and facilities for adults with disabilities and mental illnesses. The organisation's work depends to a large extent on public funds and owns only a limited amount of capital assets which are not used for funding external projects. The Pestalozzi-Stiftung Hamburg appeals to the convictions of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi whose aim in education was "to strengthen the human being" and to move him to a point where he is "able to help himself".
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Sarah Al-Suhaimi is the first Saudi woman to chair the Saudi Arabian stock exchange (Tadawul), the largest stock market in the Middle East. Tadawul She is leading comprehensive efforts to further connect the Saudi capital markets with the global system, in line with Vision 2030. She is also the CEO and a Board Director of NCB Capital, the investment arm of the National Commercial Bank, the largest bank in Saudi Arabia. During her first four years leading NCB Capital, assets under management more than doubled, and market share grew in brokerage and corporate finance.
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Kitchin cycle is a short business cycle of about 40 months discovered in the 1920s by Joseph Kitchin. This cycle is believed to be accounted for by time lags in information movements affecting the decision making of commercial firms. Firms react to the improvement of commercial situation through the increase in output through the full employment of the extant fixed capital assets. As a result, within a certain period of time (ranging between a few months and two years) the market gets ‘flooded’ with commodities whose quantity becomes gradually excessive.
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Blockchain Capital pioneered the world’s first tokenized investment fund and the blockchain industry’s first security token, the BCAP, which was sold through a security token offering in April 2017. Blockchain Capital held this initial coin offering (ICO) as an experiment, which helped the company to raise $10 million in just six hours. Blockchain Capital raised $150 million in 2018, with the help of its ICO, having reached a $250 million valuation of venture capital assets. A major contributor was Ripple, which invested $25 million of its XRP cryptocurrency in the $150 million fund.
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C. Consumption Round Players expend basic and secondary goods to feed and compensate their population and determine the "Social Status" of their region. D. Military/Political Round Move military units and engage in combat and attempt to gain control of other regions. E. Finance Round Players reallocate labor and capital assets and set investment and tax rates. The game is focused primarily on economics and Player's Notes indicate the goal was to lead players to collaborate and cooperate which differs from most conflict simulations of the day which pitted players against each other.
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In the 2005 Analytical Perspectives document, an annex to the US Budget (Table 12-4: National Wealth, p. 201), an annual estimate is provided for the value of total tangible capital assets of the USA, which doubled since 1980 (stated in trillions of dollars, at September 30, 2003): Publicly owned physical assets: Structures and equipment . . . . . . $5.6 Federally owned or financed . . . $2.2 Federally owned . . . . . . . . . . .$1.0 Grants to state and local govt . . . $1.0 Funded by state and local govt . . . $3.3 Other federal assets . . . . . . . . $1.4 Subtotal (1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6.9 trillion Privately owned physical assets: Reproducible assets . . . . . . . . $28.7 Residential structures. . . . . . .
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In the context of chemical engineering, process integration can be defined as a holistic approach to process design and optimization, which exploits the interactions between different units in order to employ resources effectively and minimize costs. Process integration is not limited to the design of new plants, but it also covers retrofit design (e.g. new units to be installed in an old plant) and the operation of existing systems. Nick Hallale (2001) explains that with process integration, industries are making more money from their raw materials and capital assets while becoming cleaner and more sustainable.
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Functioning as variable capital, living labour creates both use values and new value, conserves the value of constant capital assets, and transfers part of the value of materials and equipment used to the new products. The result aimed for is the valorisation of invested capital, i.e. other things being equal, the value of capital is maintained and has also increased through the activity of living labour. At the end of the working day, labour power has been more or less consumed, and must be restored through rest, eating and drinking, and recreation.
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The UNICAP rules generally apply to: #real or tangible personal property produced by the taxpayer, and # real or personal capital assets that are acquired by the taxpayer for resale. Not included in this definition is stock in trade of the taxpayer or other property of a kind which would properly be included in the inventory of the taxpayer if on hand at the close of the taxable year, or property held by the taxpayer primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of his or her trade or business, i.e. inventory property.
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Gwangtonggwan was built in 1909 originally as a head office for Daehan Cheon- il Bank and Suhyeongjohap. Daehan Cheon-il Bank, established in 1899 and supported by the Emperor Gojong of the Korean Empire, was a Korean bank aimed to preserve Korea's national capital assets against the growing influences of the Japanese banks over Korea's finances.:ko:한일은행, Retrieved 2009-04-05 The building itself was designed by the architecture and construction office of the Takjibu, the Ministry of Finance of the Korean Empire. The construction of this building was finished in July 1909.
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See Title 26 of the United States Code, Subtitle B, Chapter 11, Subchapter A for the federal estate tax. Were no step up in basis allowed, the federal government could potentially receive a windfall from estates subject to estate tax by recovering federal estate tax based on capital assets’ values as of a decedent's date of death, while also receiving capital gains tax when such assets are sold by an estate or a beneficiary based on the difference between the value of the asset when sold and the price at which such asset was purchased by a decedent.
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According to Karl Marx (second volume of Das Kapital, end of chapter 7) the turnover of capital influences "the processes of production and self-expansion", the two new forms of capital, circulating and fixed, "accrue to capital from the process of circulation and affect the form of its turnover". In the following chapter Marx defines fixed capital and circulating capital. In chapter 9 he claims: "We have here not alone quantitative but also qualitative difference." Conventionally, (physical) capital assets held by a business for more than one year are regarded in annual accounting statements as "fixed", the rest as "circulating".
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Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. Vol. XVIII, No. 3 (October, 1925) Pp. 1063-1065. See also: Andrew Taylor Call, "Jacob Bunn: Legacy of an Illinois Industrial Pioneer" (Brunswick Publishing Corp. 2005). The J. Bunn Bank rapidly accumulated large capital assets during the nineteenth century, but due to what became an overextensive portfolio of real estate holdings during the Panic of 1873, the J. Bunn Bank was forced into liquidation.Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. Vol. XVIII, No. 3 (October, 1925) Pp. 1063-1065. (See also: Andrew Taylor Call, "Jacob Bunn: Legacy of an Illinois Industrial Pioneer" (Brunswick Publishing Corp. 2005).
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The Protector offers enhanced surveillance, identification and interception capabilities. It is equipped with a Mini- Typhoon stabilized weapon system, a TOPLITE electro-optic surveillance and targeting system with day and night targeting capabilities through the use of forward looking infrared, charge-coupled devices and laser rangefinders, as well as a public address system. The Protector is remotely controlled and can be operated with guidance from a commander and operator located ashore or aboard a manned vessel. This allows it to provide the first line of defense, inspecting vessels of interest while personnel and capital assets are held at a safe distance.
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The effect of the tax was to revert to the distribution tax in operation from 1949 to 1959: dividend payments were subject to higher tax than profits retained within the company. Finance Act 1965 also introduced a capital gains tax, at a rate of 30%, charged on the gains arising on the disposal of capital assets by individuals. While companies were exempted from capital gains tax, they were liable to corporation tax on their "chargeable gains", which were calculated in substantially the same way as capital gains for individuals. The tax applied to company shares as well as other assets.
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Another relevant time lag is the lag between the decision (causing the capital assets to work well below the level of their full employment) and the decrease of the excessive amounts of commodities accumulated in inventories. Yet, after this decrease takes place one can observe the conditions for a new phase of growth of demand, prices, output, etc. For example, the volume of oil production on tight oil formations in the US depends significantly on the dynamics of the WTI oil price. About six months after the price change, drilling activity changes, and with it the volume of production.
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A capital assets ledger of the Belgrade University Library bound with jemstvenik and sealed. Jemstvenik () or jamstvenik (Croatian, Slovene), is a string made of red, blue and white strands that is used to tie together official documents, and for similar purposes, in countries of former Yugoslavia, in a similar way to red tape in some common law countries. The colors of the string are those of the flag of Serbia (it was used in Serbia prior to the creation of Yugoslavia). It was later used in Yugoslavia, Croatia and Slovenia (though their flags have different color order, the same string fits all).
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The building project was ultimately a major liability for TechBC. The incoming BC Liberal government of Gordon Campbell used the project to smear the NDP, which it trounced in the 2001 election and which was tarnished by the fast ferry scandal and other megaprojects gone wrong. The university's lease payments also skewed comparisons with other institutions, all of which had pre-existing 'gifted' capital assets and buildings. Delay in completion of the university's permanent facilities, occasioned by the ICBC project, also reduced the rate at which TechBC could take in students, leading to allegations that it was not meeting enrollment targets.
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The cancellation of the agencies terminated the taxpayer's mortgage business; the department was closed and the staff was disbanded. In holding that the payments were capital, the Supreme Court of Canada held that the loss of the two agencies represented “the loss of capital assets of an enduring nature the value of which had been built up over the years and that therefore the payments received by this appellant represented capital receipts”. In The Queen v. Manley, 85 DTC 5150, the taxpayer was hired to find a purchaser for the shares of a family-owned company in exchange for a finder's fee.
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In the 1950s, an economic boom began in Italy, at first fueled by internal demand and then also by exports.Ginsborg (1990), p. 214. In modern times, it has often been possible to rebuild physical capital assets destroyed in wars completely within the space of about 10 years, except in cases of severe pollution by chemical warfare or other kinds of irreparable devastation. However, damage to human capital has been much more devastating in terms of fatalities (in the case of World War II, about 55 million deaths), permanent physical disability, enduring ethnic hostility and psychological injuries which have effects for at least several generations.
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Class struggle played a central role in the social policies of the USSR and socialist countries, all of which constitutionally outlined the supremacy of the working class in dictating society's development towards communism. Other classes with interests hostile to those of the working class were subjected to repression. This primarily focused on capitalists, including anyone who derived their living from privately owning property or capital assets. In the USSR, which was founded on a class alliance between workers and peasants, a neo-capitalist class emerged by the 1930s as a result of the New Economic Policy introduced after the end of the civil war.
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The Government under Prime Minister Howard replaced cost base indexation with the allowance for a simple discount to apply to gains on capital assets held for more than twelve months (one year). The discount is 50% for individuals, and 33 ⅓% for complying superannuation funds. Due to this change in calculation of capital gains, capital gains tax can now be owed because of inflation, even when no gain in purchasing power was achieved. However, in some cases where an indexed cost base applies (where an asset was acquired before 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999) applying the old indexation rules gives a better tax result.
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The County has developed a new airport in Byron in the eastern part of the county. On August 14, 2018, the Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors (Board) passed a resolution declaring the economic importance of the these airports by recognizing that they are essential economic engines that aid Contra Costa County to meet their current and future transportation and economic needs of the community. The Board further directed staff to proactively pursue innovation and sustainable opportunities to enhance the economic development potential of the airports, as they are capital assets to the county and an integrated transportation asset to the Bay Area region.
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20 November Vladimir Putin announced government package of tax reforms. Corporate profit tax rate (24% in 2008) is to be reduced to 20%. Profit tax base will decrease for companies investing in capital assets as the immediately recoverable depreciation allowance is raised from 10% to 30% of the asset cost. There will be no change in value added tax rates (maximum 18%) in 2009, but the government considered changing VAT accrual rules in favor of the taxpayers. Minister of finance Alexey Kudrin, who resisted tax breaks until September, concurred with Putin's proposal, estimating that they will save the businesses around 500 billion roubles annually.
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At the meeting, Farrell stated that there was nothing in GAAP that would allow those entries. Sullivan claimed that WorldCom had invested in expanding the telecom network from 1999 onward, but the anticipated expansion in customer usage never occurred. He argued that the entries were justified on the basis of the matching principle, which allowed costs to be booked as expenses so they align with any future benefit accrued from an asset. He also contended that since capital assets were worth less than what the books said they should be, he reiterated his proposal for a restructuring charge, or an "impairment charge," as he called it, for the second quarter of 2002.
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It takes some time for the information that the supply exceeds significantly the demand to get to the businessmen. Further, it takes entrepreneurs some time to check this information and to make the decision to reduce production, some time is also necessary to materialize this decision (these are the time lags that generate the Kitchin cycles). Another relevant time lag is the lag between the materialization of the above-mentioned decision (causing the capital assets to work well below the level of their full employment) and the decrease of the excessive amounts of commodities accumulated in inventories. Yet, after this decrease takes place one can observe the conditions for a new phase of growth of demand, prices, output, etc.
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In national accounts, net output is equivalent to the gross value added during an accounting period when producing enterprises use inputs (labor and capital assets) to produce outputs. Gross value added is called "gross" because it includes depreciation charges or consumption of fixed capital. The calculation is importantly influenced by the definition of expenditures and incomes included within the scope of "production" - some incomes and expenditures are included as "factor income" or "factor expenditure" directly related to production, other are not. The calculation involves an accounting procedure of "grossing and netting" the revenues which enterprises obtain from their outputs of goods and services, in order to establish what the real value of those outputs is.
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In the net factor income or income account, income payments are outflows, and income receipts are inflows. Income are receipts from investments made abroad (note: investments are recorded in the capital account but income from investments is recorded in the current account) and money sent by individuals working abroad, known as remittances, to their families back home. If the income account is negative, the country is paying more than it is taking in interest, dividends, etc. The various subcategories in the income account are linked to specific respective subcategories in the capital account, as income is often composed of factor payments from the ownership of capital (assets) or the negative capital (debts) abroad.
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In 1882 at the death of J. C. Jacobsen the foundation inherited the remaining shares in Carlsberg Brewery, the testament stated that the foundation shall always at least own 51% of the brewery. In May 2007 the Danish Foundation Oversight Authority approved that the interpretation of the rules to mean that the foundation should own at least 25% of the capital assets of the brewery and 51% of the voting shares. The shares in Carlsberg are divided into two classes, where the A-class has twenty votes per share and the B-class has two votes per share. As of May 2007 the foundation owns 51.3% of the capital and 81.9% voting capacity in Carlsberg.
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If the charter school roll drops during the year, the school keeps the extra funding, unlike normal state schools, where funding is matched to students actually attending. If a charter school fails the management/owners are allowed to keep the land and buildings and other capital assets. Charter schools have less compliance with regulations than State schools although teachers must undergo police vetting. Parents may home-school their own children, if they can prove that their child will be "taught at least as regularly and as well as in a registered school","Home schooling", Ministry of Education and receive an annual grant to help with costs, including services from The Correspondence School.
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For example, pending estate taxes could be a disincentive to invest in a viable business or an incentive to liquidate, downsize, divest from or retire one. This is especially true when an estate's value is about to surpass the exemption amount. Older people may see less value in maintaining a farm or small business than reducing risk and preserving their capital, by shifting resources, liquidating assets, and using tax avoidance techniques such as insurance, gift transfer, trusts and tax-free investments. Another argument is that the estate tax burdens farmers because agriculture requires more capital assets, such as land and equipment, to generate the same income that other types of businesses generate with fewer assets.
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A 2011 Canadian Review of Social Policy article said that Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver were the three major gateway cities where the "vast majority of immigrants" settled and where they "experience greater threats of poverty." Even immigrants who arrive in Canada with "strong human capital assets" have to face a "more challenging labour market and economic environment" than those who arrived in the 1990s. This newer cohort became "far more vulnerable to low income and poverty" over longer periods of time. According to a 2000 article in the Journal of International Migration and Integration, using data from the 1996 census, immigrants in Canada are more likely to live in high-poverty neighbourhoods, than non-immigrants.
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Since the balance sheet is founded on the principles of the accounting equation, this equation can also be said to be responsible for estimating the net worth of an entire company. The fundamental components of the accounting equation include the calculation of both company holdings and company debts; thus, it allows owners to gauge the total value of a firm's assets. However, due to the fact that accounting is kept on a historical basis, the equity is typically not the net worth of the organization. Often, a company may depreciate capital assets in 5–7 years, meaning that the assets will show on the books as less than their "real" value, or what they would be worth on the secondary market.
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While conflated in many analyses with human capital, the latter term includes social capital (human relationships) and instructional capital (abstract texts and training materials and so on) that are not tied to any one person, do not die with them or leave employment with them, and therefore cannot be equated with talent alone. In intangibles measurement, value creation and value reporting metrics require all assets with such different characteristics to be categorized as different capital assets, so the more exact reference to the individual person is preferred. Fusions of terminology are common. Sociological analysts refer to "individual-level elements of social capital" or "an individual's social capital" or just "individual social capital" while economic analysts often use the phrase firm-specific human capital.
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A sinking fund is a fund established by an economic entity by setting aside revenue over a period of time to fund a future capital expense, or repayment of a long-term debt. In North America and elsewhere where it is common for public and private corporations to raise funds through the issue of bonds, the term is normally used in this context. However, in the United Kingdom and elsewhere where the issue of bonds (other than government bonds) is unusual, and where long-term leasehold tenancies are common, the term is only normally used in the context of replacement or renewal of capital assets, particularly the common parts of buildings. Borrowing money by issuing a bond is referred to as floating a bond.
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A method often used in econometrics to estimate the value of the physical capital stock of an industrial sector or the whole economy is the so-called Perpetual Inventory Method (PIM). Starting off from a benchmark stock value for capital held, and expressing all values in constant dollars using a price index, known additions to the stock are added, and known disposals as well as depreciation are subtracted year by year (or quarter by quarter). Thus, an historical data series is obtained for the growth of the capital stock over a period of time. In so doing, assumptions are made about the real rate of price inflation, realistic depreciation rates, average service lives of physical capital assets, and so on.
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Using interest on its capital assets, the trust now owns and runs all seven central London bridges at no cost to taxpayers or users. In the United States, private ownership of toll bridges peaked in the mid-19th century, and by the turn of the 20th century most toll bridges were taken over by state highway departments. In some instances, a quasi-governmental authority was formed, and toll revenue bonds were issued to raise funds for construction and/or operation of the facility. Peters and Kramer observed that "...little research has been done to quantify the impact of toll collection on society as a whole..." and therefore they published a comprehensive analysis of the Total Societal Cost (TSC) associated with toll collection as a means of taxation.
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Part 1 of the Act lays out the approach to be taken by Wales in planning for and managing its natural capital assets and its resources at both a national and a local level in line with the statutory 'principles of sustainable management of natural resources', as defined within the Act. Section 6 of this Part puts a duty onto public bodies and local authorities to 'maintain and enhance biodiversity' in a manner consistent with the exercising of their normal roles and functions. Whilst doing this, public authorities are also obliged to 'promote the resilience of ecosystems'. This legal duty supersedes the biodiversity duty outlined in Section 40 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 which was relevant to both England and Wales.
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Xstrata shareholders regained full control of IOCG mining activities, the FTSE 100 company brand, IP and independence from Glencore holding group. Xstrata Mexico continues its IED capital investment in Mexico and South America investing in geological studies, mineral resource classification, estimation of its Mining Assets/Claims and permits reaching a current valuation of US$200 million in IOCG reserves, which is part of the consolidated balance sheet of capital assets of the company. In 2016, due to the sudden contraction of the global Chinese IO demand and subsequent melting of the global commodities markets including oil prices, Xstrata Mexico halted its mining activities in Mexico, though it maintained its IED position in the country. In 2017, Xstrata begins investment diversification.
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The idea has been around since Thomas Paine (January 29, 1737 – June 8, 1809) in his work Agrarian Justice 1795, and complemented his other thesis of basic income.Paine, T (1795) Agrarian Justice Two independent schools of thought were developed on the subject, involving individuals from the American labor movement and scholars of the Belgian School. However, the same reasoning (given by both schools) behind the basic capital proposal is the redistribution of wealth usually funded by an inheritance tax in order to provide a universal and unconditional sum of money (or capital assets) at the age of majority. From most authors, the intention was to create a nominal grant for everyone based on a deserved natural inheritance of the earth.
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Trainload Freight was the only consistently profitable freight sector within British Rail.Terry Gourvish (2002), British rail, 1974–97, Table 8.6, p.269 In 1988, the company was authorised to acquire 100 Class 60 locomotives, at a cost of approximately £124 million.Terry Gourvish (2002), British rail, 1974–97, Table 9.4, p. 309 thumb In 1992 the company had revenue of around £500 million and made a profit of £67.5 million, exceeding government targets of a £50 million profit. Returns on capital assets were typically over 8% in the late 1980s prior to the early 1990s recession.Terry Gourvish (2002), British rail, 1974–97, p. 285 British Rail was able to charge a 45% margin on basic costs in 1989 for coal transport prior to the privatisation of the electricity industry, after which less profitable contracts were negotiated.
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It was "le rêve d'un parvenu" (the dream of a newly rich) at a time when family history, titles and property holdings mattered so much.Monnier, Jacques Laffitte, p. 136. In 1821–1822, Laffitte was the moving spirit behind the formation of the Compagnie des Quatre Canaux, a joint-stock company that mobilized the capital assets of haute banque members to help finance a major canal construction program initiated by the government.See Reed Geiger, Planning the French Canals (1994).Table 3, p. 167, shows "1822 Canal Loan Contracts." Laffitte's consortium obtained one-half of the total value of the loans made to the government. The top four lenders for the Four Canals Company were Jacques Laffitte & Co. (11,736,000 francs), H. Hentsch, Blanc & Co. (11,736,000), Pillet-Will & Co. (10,976,000) and André & Cottier (7,870,000).
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Typical examples are that criminal gangs create bonding social capital, while choirs and bowling clubs (hence the title, as Putnam lamented their decline) create bridging social capital. The distinction is useful in highlighting how social capital may not always be beneficial for society as a whole (though it is always an asset for those individuals and groups involved). Horizontal networks of individual citizens and groups that enhance community productivity and cohesion are said to be positive social capital assets whereas self-serving exclusive gangs and hierarchical patronage systems that operate at cross purposes to societal interests can be thought of as negative social capital burdens on society. Similar to Putnam, Daniel P. Aldrich describes three mechanisms of social capital: # Bonding capital: the relationships a person has with friends and family, making it also the strongest form of social capital.
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Whilst measuring the components of natural capital in any region is a relatively straightforward process, both the task and the rationale of putting a monetary valuation on them, or on the value of the goods and services they freely give us, has proved more contentious. Within the UK, Guardian columnist, George Monbiot, has been critical of the work of the government's Natural Capital Committee and of other attempts to place any sort of monetary value on natural capital assets, or on the free ecosystem services they provide us with. In a speech referring to a report to government which suggested that better protection of the UK's freshwater ecosystems would yield an enhancement in aesthetic value of £700m, he derided attempts 'to compare things which cannot be directly compared'. He went on to say: However, George Monbiot is not an academic, nor an economist, and often writes just opinion columns.
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The UN International Human Dimensions Programme has created an inclusive sustainability indicator, the Inclusive Wealth Index (IWI), which measures the productive bases of an economy: produced, natural and human capital, and based on these three assessments, calculates the trajectory of a country's wealth.Partha Dasgupta and Anantha Duraiappah, "Well-being and wealth", "International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change", 2012 The calculation of natural capital in the IWI is based on the shadow value of an economy's natural capital assets. A similar conceptual direction was taken by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, under the direction of economists Joseph Stiglitz, Amartya Sen and Jean-Paul Fitoussi, at the behest of former French President Nicholas Sarkozy, in 2008. The authors concluded that a pragmatic measure of sustainability would combine an indicator based on the extended wealth approach, and a small dashboard of physical indicators.
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Researchers in Switzerland believe that this vision is achievable, despite a projected 65% increase in economic growth by 2050, by using new low-carbon technologies and techniques. It is envisaged that achieving the aim of a 2000-watt society will require, amongst other measures, a complete reinvestment in the country's capital assets; refurbishment of the nation's building stock to bring it up to low-energy building standards; significant improvements in the efficiency of road transport, aviation and energy-intensive material use; the possible introduction of high-speed maglev trains; the use of renewable energy sources, district heating, microgeneration and related technologies; and a refocusing of research into new priority areas. As a result of the intensified research and development effort required, it is hoped that Switzerland will become a leader in the technologies involved. Indeed, the idea has a great deal of government backing, due to fears about climate change.
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While all societies and civilizations have had their own unique history of development, they each pass through six distinctive stages of economic relationships sharing common characteristics, these being: primitive communism (hunter-gatherer societies), slavery, feudalism, capitalism, socialism, and finally a return to communism in a highly advanced form which is considered to be the epoch of humanity having become fully civilized. Communist propaganda accordingly serves the same purpose as all its predecessor propaganda: to ideologically enforce the legitimacy of the working class (those who derive a living from selling their labor) as the ruling class of society. Within this context, the main counter-propaganda is bourgeois propaganda, or propaganda that promotes the rule of the capitalist class (those who derive a living from privately owning property and capital assets). Communist propaganda is defined as a scientifically based system of the dissemination of the communist ideology with the purpose of education, training and organizing of the masses.
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In July 2018, Baker signed into law a $3.9 billion bond bill for the maintenance and modernization of the state's capital assets. In the same month, Baker line-item vetoed a pilot program to discount tolls during off-peak driving times, while the state legislature rejected an amendment to the state budget Baker proposed for a congestion study as an alternative to the pilot program. In December 2018, the commission Baker enacted the previous January to review the state's transportation needs released a two-volume report outlining 18 specific recommendations in five broad categories, and the Massachusetts Department of Transportation released a report showing that wait times at the state's Registry of Motor Vehicles offices had increased over the previous year, which state officials attributed to the introduction of the federal Real ID Act in the state. In November 2019, Baker signed into law a bill banning the use of handheld electronic devices while driving that is scheduled to go into effect on February 23, 2020.
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In 1933, for example, it extended its service area to 100 miles around Toronto with the acquisition of Ontario Bakeries Limited from its trustee and receiver: > In this case, as in nearly every case where the company or its subsidiaries > have taken in other plants, the company was able to take advantage of the > extraordinary low price obtaining for capital assets during the depression, > to expand its business at very low cost to itself and on purchase terms that > are scarcely more than rental. The company went on to acquire McCormick's Limited from its receivers in 1937 and bought Inter City Western Bakeries in 1938. In the United States, it expanded biscuit operations at Passaic, New Jersey, and established a new Weston's Biscuits plant at Battle Creek, Michigan. One long-time Weston executive, Frank Riddell, observed that since nobody had any money in those days that deals were often struck with relatively little cash and a guarantee of Weston stock.
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If labour is withdrawn from the workplace for any reason, typically the value of capital assets deteriorates; it takes a continual stream of work effort to maintain and preserve their value. When materials are used to make new products, part of the value of materials is also transferred to the new products. Consequently, labour power may be hired not "because it creates more value than it costs to buy", but simply because it conserves the value of a capital asset which, if this labour did not occur, would decline in value by an even greater amount than the labour cost involved in maintaining its value; or because it is a necessary expense which transfers the value of a capital asset from one owner to another. Marx regards such labour as "unproductive" in the sense that it creates no new net addition to total capital value, but it may be essential and indispensable labour, because without it a capital value would reduce or disappear.
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It is thus preferable to refer to a loose school of "'green economists"' who generally advocate shifts towards a green economy, biomimicry and a fuller accounting for biodiversity. (see The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity especially for current authoritative international work towards these goals and Bank of Natural Capital for a layperson's presentation of these.) Some economists view green economics as a branch or subfield of more established schools. For instance, it is regarded as classical economics where the traditional land is generalized to natural capital and has some attributes in common with labor and physical capital (since natural capital assets like rivers directly substitute for man-made ones such as canals). Or, it is viewed as Marxist economics with nature represented as a form of Lumpenproletariat, an exploited base of non-human workers providing surplus value to the human economy, or as a branch of neoclassical economics in which the price of life for developing vs.
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The duchy was created with the express purpose of providing income to the heir apparent to the throne; however, the terms of the original creation limit the title Duke of Cornwall to the eldest son of the monarch if and only if that son is also the heir-apparent; since 2015, the eldest child (regardless of sex) of the monarch would usually be her heir- apparent, but no change has been made to allow an eldest daughter to take the title Duke of Cornwall. The Duke of Cornwall has the 'interest in possession' of the duchy's assets (such as estates) which means they enjoy its net income, do not have its outright ownership and do not have the right to sell capital assets for their own benefit.Id. In 1913 the Government Law Officers gave an opinion that the Duke of Cornwall is not liable to taxation on income from the Duchy.1913 Opinion on the Duchy of Cornwall by the Law Officers of the Crown and Mr W Finley.
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The town is well known to travellers in Nigeria as it is located on one of the main routes to Oshogbo, the state capital. It has also received international fame as the hometown of civil rights activist Michael Akintaro and of several other Nigerian politicians, business men and religious leaders, such as Chiefs Olaniyan, Late Alhaji Adeniji, Omilani, Engr (Pastor) Adeyemo and Opejin, Senator Akinlabi Olasunkanmi, Dr.(Pastor) Johnson Ade Ǫdęwale, US based clergyman and Dr. Faniran (past Registrar of the Osun State University). Also, Jelili Adesiyan who was one time a Minister for Police affairs; Late Barrister Salimon Oloriade Olodo, the late jurist, Justice Jones Oyesomi Fawole; Alh. Surajudeen Olusegun Adeyemi, the proprietor of Assanusiyyah College of Education, Ode-Omu; Tele-evangelist Matthew Ashimolowo, the founder of Kings University, Ode-Omu; Imam Fuad Adeyemi, founder and National Chief Imam of Al- habibiyyah, a multi-task Islamic organization based in Abuja; the late comedian and radio presenter Olugbenga Abefe Adeboye; and Ariyo Muritala Olushekun, the immediate past president of Chartered Institute of Stockbrokers in Nigeria, who also doubles as the proprietor of Capital Assets Limited (a member of the Nigerian Stock Exchange).
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Federal Capital Gains Tax Collections 1954-2009 history chart The origins of the income tax on gains from capital assets did not distinguish capital gains from ordinary income. From 1913 to 1921, income from capital gains were taxed at ordinary rates, initially up to a maximum rate of 7 percent. Congress began to distinguish the taxation of capital gains from the taxation of ordinary income according to the holding period of the asset with the Revenue Act of 1921, allowed a tax rate of 12.5 percent gain for assets held at least two years. In addition to different tax rates depending on the holding period, Congress began excluding certain percentages of capital gains depending on the holding period. From 1934 to 1941, taxpayers could exclude percentages of gains that varied with the holding period: 20, 40, 60, and 70 percent of gains were excluded on assets held 1, 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Beginning in 1942, taxpayers could exclude 50 percent of capital gains from income on assets held at least six months or elect a 25 percent alternative tax rate if their ordinary tax rate exceeded 50 percent. Capital gains tax rates were significantly increased in the 1969 and 1976 Tax Reform Acts. The 1970s and 1980s saw a period of oscillating capital gains tax rates.
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