133 Sentences With "worst off" | Random Sentence Generator

And you want to give priority to the worst off.

The worst-off benefit far more from trade than the rich.

What about giving Chicago's 100 worst-off schools a million each?

Among the streetwalkers in "The Deuce," she seems the worst off.

The worst-off are single-mother Latinas -- 49 cents to the dollar.

Spain is the second-worst off country after Italy, with 47,610 cases.

In terms of infant and maternal mortality, Americans are the worst off.

The core of my efforts will be helping the worst off in Liberia.

The worst off are the funds not mentioned by Mr. Moritz: hedge funds.

And by most ozone-polluted cities, California owns seven of the worst-off cities.

Britain's worst-off households are particularly unlikely to feel as though austerity is over.

The worst off in a sustained low-price era, Modell said: Venezuela and Nigeria.

From the street, Ms. Quinones's home, closest to the flames, appeared the worst off.

That means shortages and massive price hikes, with the poorest Britons probably the worst off.

Young people are worst-off, which helps explain why an alarming number join jihadist groups.

Yet the worst-off, at least, will soon be far better rewarded for their toil.

One of my worst "off-message" moments occurred on a CNN set in 2014. Rep.

Japan is among the world's wealthiest nations, yet its single mothers are amongst the worst off.

The worst off, though, were Hispanic boys at 28% and black girls at more than 25%.

And hitting those targets will generate ongoing waves of investment into the state's worst-off communities.

So people whose total debt equaled or exceeded their total assets were by far the worst off.

Kentucky, (218 percent) Illinois (2200 percent) Connecticut (2242 percent) and Hawaii (4723 percent) are the worst off.

With the fighting still heavy, international groups have been unable to reach some of the worst off.

The worst off were the glaneurs — scavengers who competed with rats for food scraps on the ground.

In neither case, however, do the increases amount to much better long-term prospects for the worst-off.

But maybe we don't care as much about overall welfare but instead the welfare of the worst-off.

Republican men had two points in their favor: their gender and their party; Democratic women were the worst off.

But over all, the report found, 221-year-old girls were perhaps the worst off of any group surveyed.

Worst off are people employed directly by the federal government who cannot work and are not getting a paycheck.

The mayor of San Antonio de Cortez described the Caal family as among the worst off in the village.

America is worst off today, and I want to extend mine and Susan's heartfelt sympathy to the entire Bush family.

A divorce between markets and political systems works against the worst off, leaving them exposed to higher risks and fewer opportunities.

The worst-off countries, like Greece, Spain and Portugal, have sought to unleash government spending, running deficits to stimulate their economies.

The show's main characters are kind of despicable people, and at the end, Dory realizes that she's actually the worst off.

Friston was assigned a group of 32 chronic schizophrenic patients, the worst-off residents of Littlemore, for whom treatment mostly meant containment.

Almost half of workers in the U.S. make less than $15 per hour — women and people of color are the worst off.

Analysts also warn the perception of India as being the least worst off among emerging economies will not buy it unlimited time.

Elderly men were worst off, experiencing a 3.3 percent increase in long-term suicide risk for each 1 percent reduction in spending.

She points to Papua New Guinea, a country health professionals in the South Pacific think is worst off when it comes to HIV.

Many of the worst-off small and midsize cities on the index are synonymous with poverty, deindustrialization and other maladies affecting older urban areas.

If you want to know where the masses are worse off, worst off, it&aposs exactly in the kinds of societies that depart from that.

The sulfur cap "is like the final nail in the coffin for them," Energy Aspects product analyst Nevyn Nah said of the worst-off refineries.

Snap's employees are probably the worst off here, who are still waiting for lockups to expire as they watch the stock tick lower and lower.

And surprisingly, students with less than $5,000 in debt are often some of the worst off, as they are more prone to defaulting on their loans.

Rawls argued that, faced with this uncertainty, people would choose the world that provided the best position for the least advantaged, worst-off class of people.

More than 43 million Americans have some amount of student-loan debt, and recent graduates are the worst off, with an average of $35,000 in debt.

He had rigged litters from bamboo for the worst off and tied the wrists of delirious men to other soldiers so they would not get left behind.

The package will also provide Los Angeles with "tens of millions" in community development block grants to aid the worst off, like seniors and unemployed, Garcetti said.

Read more " _____ • Robert L. Pollock in Real Clear Politics: "Never again should we entertain proposals to help the worst off by penalizing the not so well off.

In Pure's fleet the Double Sunshine, a popular sightseeing boat, is the worst off with damage to the hull that will take a few weeks to fix.

As one of Harvard's more famous professors, John Rawls, once argued, inequalities can sometimes be justified if their existence is harnessed to benefit the worst-off among us.

There were nuances to how the checks worked that enabled a few more poor households to get benefits, but for the most part, the worst-off were excluded.

"His biggest and most powerful weapon was, and still is, his deft mind, which is always focused on helping the poorest and worst off people in Colombia," said Suarez.

These are the worst-off people receiving the credit (or not receiving it if they have no earnings), and they get less than people making considerably more than them.

Babies born in Japan, Iceland and Singapore have the best odds of survival globally, while newborns in Pakistan, Central African Republic and Afghanistan are the worst off, UNICEF said.

In either case, NATO would be by far the worst off, and the true beneficiary of the Trump plan would not be the United States but, rather, Vladimir Putin.

Irving had one of his best on-court seasons last year while simultaneously having his worst off-court season, tanking the Celtics chemistry with what he admitted was poor leadership.

"I think some people will compete to be a victim and be the worst off ever, but then maybe someone near to you has died, or something similar," Hopkins said.

" The paradox: "Even in the worst-off parts of low- and low-middle-income countries, more than 99 percent of communities have seen an improvement in child mortality and schooling.

Less educated women are worst off: Workforce participation rates have fallen the most and wages have risen the least among women with only a high school diploma or less, Schanzenbach said.

The only thing an increase in the heroin supply would do is make the drug more accessible — and therefore more used — among the worst-off population that has all the drug users.

"The worst off are always the employees because they have stock options, they work long hours on the promise of a rocket ship, and in most cases they're not successful," said Epstein.

Obviously, people in poverty are worse off than others, and there are philosophical reasons to want a market system that allows for inequality as long as it benefits the worst-off in society.

She's looked small, slow and, worst off, establishment when compared to Trump, who is seemingly everywhere (Washington state, Mexico City and Arizona in the span of 24 hours) and controlling the narrative in the process.

Khan has spoken of the need for a major anti-poverty program to boost Pakistan's economy and help its worst off citizens, but this will involve considerable spending that is typically antithetical to the conservative IMF.

One of the reasons why — I hate to say it — it's the African Americans, they were basically users and they basically responded the worst off those drugs just because their character makeup, their genetics, and that.

" In some of the worst-off communities, David Kennedy, a criminologist at John Jay College, told Mother Jones in 2015, the clearance rate for murders and nonfatal shootings can fall even further — "down to single digits.

John Kasich of Ohio has long put his faith in New Hampshire, whose conservative, practical Republicans are more in tune with his belief in a government that's lean, but retains a role in helping America's worst off.

Piketty and Saez show that the optimal inheritance tax is much higher if you use a "Rawlsian" social welfare function, where the goal is for taxes to maximize the interests of the worst-off, not of everyone.

It's October 22012, and I'm headed down the worst off-pavement road I've ever driven: my body tossed around like a rag doll inside my pickup, my fingers sore and hands throbbing from gripping the steering wheel.

The poor data could also make it difficult to identify common characteristics among the worst-off states, which can in turn make it harder to address the root causes of drug addiction and overdoses to avoid future, similar crises.

According to the research—conducted prior to the Brexit vote—the U.K. isn't the worst off however, with pre-retirees in both Britain and the U.S. expecting to save for an additional seven years to each country's current saving average.

For the worst-off city, accumulated losses could be up to 10.9 percent of a city's gross domestic product by 2100, they wrote of the survey of 1,962 cities including Tokyo, New York, Beijing, Lagos, Sao Paulo, London and Moscow.

Whereas Democrats say that they'll ensure that the worst off get taken care of, Trump turns this logic upside down: He says that he'll take care of his white, middle-class voters (and not the "undeserving" poor, implicitly black and Latino).

While the problems in many poorer cities predate the recession, what has felt like a real recovery for Americans in healthier cities and towns has left the worst-off locations — many of them concentrated in the nation's old industrial heartland — even further behind.

As part of the SF Homeless Project, in which 70 media organizations have united to spotlight the plight of the city's worst-off from June 29 onwards, we at Mashable have tried to focus on the humanity at the core of the issue.

In response, Ryan would say that while social safety net programs may help improve the lives of the worst-off people in concrete material ways, that doesn't really help because the real goal should be policy that lets people earn more for themselves.

Meanwhile for progressive politicians the need to target available funds at the worst-off in society grows more urgent; in America, the argument that the children of billionaires should not receive a government-funded education takes on greater moral as well as practical weight.

But Niels Pedersen, the author of the English bulldog study, says it isn't accurate or fair to list breeds as being worse off than others, saying the breed that is "worst off" is the breed whose owners can least afford to keep them healthy.

Gun violence was a big one — leading to big protests across Chicago last month, in which demonstrators demanded that Emanuel resign and other efforts be taken up to clean up the streets and provide new economic and education opportunities in the city's worst-off neighborhoods.

That includes 13.5% who were uninsured and in fair or poor health — arguably the worst off in the entire system — and another 32.9% percent who have insurance but said they or a family member have had a problem affording care in the last year.

For all its contradictions, the show has something to say about the psychic cost, for women, of achieving power, with plots like Sansa Stark's slow transformation from the worst-off "Bachelor" contestant to dry-eyed warrior queen, smirking as she watches her rapist get his face ripped off by hungry dogs.

The nightmarish consequences of this would include (in addition to avoidable suffering and death for the financially worst-off among us) national inability to track sources and surges of coronavirus infection, as well as the inability to target quarantine, rapid clinical response, and other public-health powers so as to dampen these surges.

In 2016, he supported and helped to organise the distribution of basic survival provisions to some of the worst-off refugees in the area of İzmir.

The "happy" utility monster of total utilitarianism is ineffective against maximin, because as soon as a monster has received enough utility to no longer be the worst-off in the group, there's no need to accommodate it. But maximin has its own monster: an unhappy (worst-off) being who only gains a tiny amount of utility no matter how many resources are given to it. It can be shown that all consequentialist systems based on maximizing a global function are subject to utility monsters.

If there is more than one partition, then a Pareto- efficient one is returned. The procedure produces "balanced" allocations, that is, allocations which maximize the rank in the preference ordering of the bundle obtained by the worst-off agent.

A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971. The maximin principle ranks outcomes solely according to the well-being of the worst-off member of a society. It can thus be viewed as an extreme version of prioritarianism.

Porter's book showed that some groups (e.g., those of British origin) were better off with respect to measures of income, education and health than others. For example, groups of eastern and southern European origin tended to fare less well by these measures. The worst off were the First Nations and Inuit.

The wheat group was the worst off, and the oats and mixed groups were in between. Then the weak cows were fed corn. They recovered and bore healthy calves. Hart and his team published their findings in 1911 in Physiological Effect on Growth and Reproduction of Rations Balanced from Restricted Sources.

These functions are used to assess the welfare impacts on all individuals of climate change and related policies (Markandya et al., 2001, p. 460). The Rawlsian approach concentrates on the welfare of the worst-off in society, whereas the utilitarian approach is a sum of utilities (Arrow et al., 1996b, p. 138).

The Decreasing Demand Procedure is a procedure for fair item assignment. It yields a Pareto-efficient division that maximizes the rank of the agent with the lowest rank. This corresponds to the Rawlsian justice criterion of taking care of the worst-off agent. The procedure was developed by Dorothea Herreiner and Clemens Puppe.

Prajapati states, "he by whose departure, the body is worst off, is the one". Each rivaling organ leaves for a year, and the body suffers but is not worse off. Then, Prana (breath, life-principle) prepares to leave, and all of them insist that he stay. Prana, they acknowledge, empowers them all.

The gap between the top earners and those worst-off grew during the Katainen Cabinet.Finnish income gap creeps wider 1.11.2013 The government made many decisions that favored the richest citizens such as the removal of business angel investment taxation. Many tax allowances favored the rich, for example, the household renovation reduction and private retirement funds.

A part of Clark Wolf's response to the benevolent world-exploder objection is that negative utilitarianism can be combined with a theory of rights. He says: Negative utilitarianism can be combined, in particular, with Rawls' theory of justice. Rawls knew Popper's normative claims and may have been influenced by his concern for the worst-off.

For example, in the imaginary society, one might or might not be intelligent, rich, or born into a preferred class. Since one may occupy any position in the society once the veil is lifted, the device forces the parties to consider society from the perspective of all members, including the worst-off and best- off members.

By this logic, the negotiations will be sensitive to both those who worst off, given that a risk of being in that category yourself will incentives protection of these people, but also the rest of society, as one would not wish to hinder maximal utilisation for these in case you would end up in higher classes.

Neo-classical liberalism, also referred to as Arizona School liberalism or bleeding-heart libertarianism, focuses on the compatibility of support for civil liberties and free markets on the one hand and a concern for social justice and the well-being of the worst-off on the other.Tomasi, John; Zwolinski, Matt (2 April 2012). "A Bleeding Heart History of Libertarianism".

This, of course, may be an oversimplification. "Dry Greens" may be the least appreciated environmentalists and might not even be given that title. However, a very good economic treatment is given in "The Plundered Planet" by Paul Collier (2010). Collier may put the plight of the bottom billion (poorest and worst off people) on the planet above environmentalism.

For example, suppose there are three possible allocations: allocation x gives a utility of 2 to Alice and 4 to George; allocation y gives a utility of 9 to Alice and 1 to George; and allocation z gives a utility of 1 to Alice and 8 to George. Then allocation x is leximin-optimal, since its utility profile is (2,4) which is leximin-larger than that of y (9,1) and z (1,8). The leximin allocation rule selects, from among all possible allocations, the leximin-optimal ones. The leximin allocation rule is often called the egalitarian rule, as it corresponds to the egalitarian philosophy: it aims to maximize the happiness of the worst-off agent; subject to that, to maximize the happiness of the second worst-off agent; and so on.

It disagrees with the parties on the right which, in the eyes of GreenLeft, were only oriented towards cutting costs and did not offer the worst-off a chance for work, emancipation and participation. But, unlike the other opposition parties of the left, the party does not want to defend the current welfare state – which the party calls "powerless", because it merely offers the worst-off a benefit rather than prospects for work. The party wants to reform the Dutch welfare state so it will benefit "outsiders" – those who have been excluded from the welfare state until now. To increase employment, the GreenLeft proposes a participation contract, where unemployment recipients sign an agreement with their local council to become involved in volunteer work, schooling, or work experience projects – for which they get paid minimum wage.

Rawls’ conclusion to the regulation of inequality, was a society based upon his proposed ‘difference principle’ - permitting inequalities that work to the advantage of the worst off. Not to be confused with trickle-down economics, this compensates for the natural abilities of individuals through a redistributive exercise. The society that results is therefore fair on the basis of opportunity regardless of natural ability.

What, then, could justify unequal distribution? Rawls argues that inequality is acceptable only if it is to the advantage of those who are worst-off. The agreement that stems from the original position is both hypothetical and ahistorical. It is hypothetical in the sense that the principles to be derived are what the parties would, under certain legitimating conditions, agree to, not what they have agreed to.

Favoring the worst off could be accomplished by favoring the sickest first or by favoring the youngest first. Favoring the sickest appeals to the rule of rescue, but organ transplants don’t always work well with the sickest patients. Also, a different patient could become equally sick in the future. Favoring the youngest saves the most years of life, but a twenty-year-old has a more developed personality than an infant.

Bully- victims are people who have both experienced aggression directed towards them and have themselves engaged in bullying. They often choose to be bully assistants or reinforcers. Seeing others victimized can serve as a buffer against some psychological problems, for which these people are at risk (see consequences of victimization below). In comparison to all other groups, bully-victims are the worst off regarding their psychological adjustment and problems.

He cited recent behaviour of the players as a reason to start the League again. Along with the league re-forming, the Douglas Wilkie Medal was awarded for the first time since 1994. In 2008 the organisation announced the Newman Award to be "presented to a footballer who displays the worst off-field performance, in the preceding 12 months." Sam Newman is among those nominated for the inaugural award.

On the 8th and 9th 32 died as an unusually heavy rain storm hits Thailand. 43 provinces are flooded, with Chiang Mai Province being the worst off. 1,000 were injured and approximately another 138,000 had been made ill by the polluted water supplies left after the storm had destroyed most of the water channels, sewerage systems and water pipe lines. The Thai government estimate that of rice fields and farmland have been destroyed.

The widow's earning rule was also abolished, while a range of new social benefits was introduced. An Act was passed which replaced National Assistance with Supplementary Benefits. The new Act laid down that people who satisfied its conditions were entitled to these noncontributory benefits. Unlike the National Assistance scheme, which operated like state charity for the worst-off, the new Supplementary Benefits scheme was a right of every citizen who found himself or herself in severe difficulties.

Neither had the employer. # The working conditions were lagging behind those of industrial workers and were poor in terms of working hours and tasks. The occupation as contract-worker was the way out for the worst off—given they were able for the work. # Also the family situation was depicted as chaotic, with the wives bound to carry out work away from home many times a day (above all for milking), clashing with the bourgeois housewife ideal.

One extra unit of utility for a starving person is not seen to be of any greater value than an extra unit of utility for a millionaire. At the other extreme is the Max-Min, or Rawlsian utility function . According to the Max-Min criterion, welfare is maximized when the utility of those society members that have the least is the greatest. No economic activity will increase social welfare unless it improves the position of the society member that is the worst off.

Relational justice seeks to examine the connections between individuals and focuses on their relations in societies, with respect to how these relationships are established and configured. In a normative view, this focus includes an understanding of what these relations should be. In a political view, this focus includes the method of organizing persons in society. Rawls’ theory of justice stakes out the task of justice as equalizing the distribution of primary social goods to benefit the worst-off in society.

Dealers in the black market included German officers and men as well as OT workers and many civilians. The worst off during the occupation were the poor in the island towns those who had no access to farms and could not afford the black market prices. The rich did not live well, but at least could buy adequate quantities of basic food. Prisoners could supplement their worse than normal rations by paying heavily for black market foods to be brought to them.

Tori tells Geirr to focus on solutions and not problems, while Geirr rebels. With irreverence he promotes the view that there are no solutions at all. Eventually he turns the group to his side by having them acknowledge and revel in their problems, dropping the facade of positive thinking and happiness. As Geirr gradually takes control of the group he initiates arguments about who is the worst off with the most serious problems, and who is malingerering or does not belong.

But, the author did make a comment that there could be possible links between early liberalization and intergroup disparity based on evidence. The research for this study was to quantify the aspects of the gender-caste overlap in India, but collecting data which could come up with clear results proved to be difficult. In an earlier paper Deshpande wrote in 2002 she has mentioned that the subgroup which is the worst off in India by about having double the burder is the group of low-caste women.

Amongst the sick soldiers, the worst off were often members of the fleet who were forced to remain for weeks on their ships without proper food or supplies. By July 1279, many of the troops from the ships abandoned the fleet and joined their counterparts on the ground in the hopes of better care. Many of the boats remained anchored off Isla Verde for this reason and by the time of the battle later that month, the fleet was easily destroyed by the Muslim galleys.

While the initial Cannondales Motorcycle was considered a failure (and oft-appear on lists of worst off-road motorcycles ever produced), the Cannondale FX400 ATV was more positively received due to its chassis. As ATK took over sales and production of Cannondale products, the ATV required marginal attention, and was re-released to the market. ATK turned their focus to the X440, continuing to improve on the 2002 model. Resolving fuel delivery issues, suspension geometry and reliability, the machine was placed back on the market.

Due to the inequality in identity and economic and social status, the impact of climate change vary on different people. Also, due to natural conditions, the effect on regions vary in degrees. Regions such as the Mekong Delta are more vulnerable to climate change. Thus, in respond to the impacts, people in different regions tend to take different measures, in which process, the vulnerable group, especially the worst off, are often not able to equally enjoy the benefit of the government's policy, or might even be severely marginalized or impaired.

They are therefore expected to sustain a continuous, patriotic frenzy for the Party, often being required to blindly accept nearly every order from their superiors, all while simultaneously being condemned to live in rundown neighbourhoods, use bicycles and subways as transportation, and to persist in an ongoing state of near starvation with meagre rations of low-quality food and drink. They could be debated as the worst off in the class system, as they lack the freedom of the proles, and the luxuries of the upper class and Inner Party.

However, once one adopts that approach, one can take intensities of preferences into consideration, or one can compare (i) gains and losses of utility or (ii) levels of utility, across different individuals. In particular, Harsanyi (1955) gives a justification of utilitarianism (which evaluates alternatives in terms of the sum of individual utilities), originating from Jeremy Bentham. Hammond (1976) gives a justification of the maximin principle (which evaluates alternatives in terms of the utility of the worst-off individual), originating from John Rawls. Not all voting methods use, as input, only an ordering of all candidates.

The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, as are most of the other characters, though he does interact with a few proles (generally objects of contempt or disgust for Party members). The Outer Party represents the middle class in Oceanic society, bureaucrats who do most of the actual work in the Party government and its four ministries. Its members can be identified by their blue jumpsuits. From a certain viewpoint, the members of the Outer Party, and not the proles, are seen as the worst off of the three classes.

" University of Chicago Law School professor Eric Posner reviewed the book for Slate Magazine, concluding: "So what's an effective altruist to do? The utilitarian imperative to search out and help the people with the highest marginal utility of money around the world is in conflict with our limited knowledge about foreign cultures, which makes it difficult for us to figure out what the worst-off people really need. For this reason, donations to Little League and other local institutions you are familiar with may not be a bad idea. The most good you can do may turn out to be—not much.

Bringing Pam up by 86 has more moral value than bringing Jim down by 87 if a sufficiently higher weight is given to improvements in condition for the worst off (Pam), but if the added weight is small (very weak priority), that might not be the case. If one could move from a society described by outcome 1 to one described by outcome 2, under sufficiently strong prioritarianism, that ought to be done. Prioritarianism is arguably more consistent with commonsense moral thinking than utilitarianism when it comes to these kinds of cases, especially because of the prioritarian's emphasis on compassion.

Imagine choosing between two outcomes: in outcome 1, Jim's well-being level is 1; Pam's well-being level is 100; Dwight's well-being level is 100 (one could add an indefinite number of people with indefinitely high well-being levels). In outcome 2, Jim's well-being level is 2; Pam's well-being level is 3; Dwight's well-being level is 3. Many of us would part ways with the maximin principle and judge that outcome 1 is better than outcome 2 despite the fact that the worst-off member (Jim) has a lower level of well-being in outcome 1.

Pogge, Thomas W., 2000, "Justice for People with Disabilities: the Semiconsequentialist Approach," in Leslie Pickering Francis and Anita Silvers. eds., Americans with Disabilities: Exploring Implications of the Law for Individuals and Institutions, New York and London: Routledge, pp. 34–53.Buchanan, Allen, Brock, Dan W., Daniels, Norman, and Wikler, Daniel, 2000, From Chance to Choice – Genetics and Justice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, chapters 3, 4 and 7. John Rawls postulated the difference principle which argued that "inequalities are justified only if needed to improve the lot of the worst off, for example by giving the talented an incentive to create wealth".

Neoclassical liberalism,Matt Zwolinski and John Tomasi, "A Bleeding Heart History of Libertarianism", April 2, 2012, Cato Unbound. also referred to as Arizona School liberalismNeoclassical liberal philosophers such as David Schmidtz, Jerry Gaus, John Tomasi, Kevin Vallier, Matt Zwolinski and Jason Brennan all have a connection to the University of Arizona (cf. "On the ethics of voting" , 3:AM Magazine, January 14, 2013). and bleeding-heart libertarianism, is a libertarian political philosophy that focuses on the compatibility of support for civil liberties and free markets on the one hand and a concern for social justice and the well-being of the worst-off on the other.

Pogge's main justification is that, even if the idea of GRD would be refined over time, and would be difficult to implement, it is nevertheless the right of those who are the worst off. The 1% dividend tax is not seen as a donation, but a responsibility. Pogge believes that the idea of the GRD may be a natural extension of John Rawls' theory of justice, although Rawls himself disagreed with this interpretation. To Pogge, the world order currently violates the first principle of justice (equal opportunity), as well as the second principle (equal access to offices, but also the idea that inequalities should favour the poorest individuals).

Lacking ration cards, migrant workers were the worst off, as they were ineligible for any assistance. Many residents in those areas complained the authorities had insufficiently taken measures to prepare for the floods. The National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights (NCDHR) and the Social Awareness Society for Youths (SASY) surveyed 8,400 Dalit and non-Dalit families in 20 villages in the Cuddalore region in December 2015 and found that around 90 percent of the houses, livestock and crops destroyed in the floods belonged to Dalit families, who made up the majority of flood-displaced people. The final report alleged dominant caste people blocked access to clean water, medicines; official relief measures were concentrated in more accessible upper-caste neighbourhoods.

Rawls claims that the parties in the original position would adopt two such principles, which would then govern the assignment of rights and duties and regulate the distribution of social and economic advantages across society. The difference principle permits inequalities in the distribution of goods only if those inequalities benefit the worst-off members of society. Rawls believes that this principle would be a rational choice for the representatives in the original position for the following reason: Each member of society has an equal claim on their society's goods. Natural attributes should not affect this claim, so the basic right of any individual, before further considerations are taken into account, must be to an equal share in material wealth.

The most ignored communities were Nepali Indians, living in the most inaccessible regions of Nepal, clinging to high mountain passes. They have yet to see any quake aid from Kathmandu, while the relief effort focuses on the immediate needs of people in the vicinity of cities. The areas of Nepal hardest-hit by the earthquake, such as Gorkha District, Sindhupalchowk District and Dolakha District, where 90% of houses were destroyed, are likely to suffer most as Kathmandu historically has shown very little interest in them, and transport must be by mule in treacherous mountainous terrain as no roads exist. In particular, Tamang and Chepang children were already suffering from severe malnutrition before the fuel crisis, and they were worst off.

Nozick writes: > Utilitarian theory is embarrassed by the possibility of utility monsters who > get enormously greater sums of utility from any sacrifice of others than > these others lose ... the theory seems to require that we all be sacrificed > in the monster's maw, in order to increase total utility. This thought experiment attempts to show that utilitarianism is not actually egalitarian, even though it appears to be at first glance. The experiment contends that there is no way of aggregating utility which can circumvent the conclusion that all units should be given to a utility monster, because it's possible to tailor a monster to any given system. For example, Rawls' maximin considers a group's utility to be the same as the utility of the member who's worst off.

Knowing only these two features of themselves, the group will deliberate in order to design a social structure, during which each person will seek his or her maximal advantage. The idea is that proposals that we would ordinarily think of as unjust – such as that black people or women should not be allowed to hold public office – will not be proposed, in this, Rawls' original position, because it would be irrational to propose them. The reason is simple: one does not know whether he himself would be a woman or a black person. This position is expressed in the difference principle, according to which, in a system of ignorance about one's status, one would strive to improve the position of the worst off, because he might find himself in that position.

A significant reappraisal was published in the 1985 essay "Justice as Fairness", and a subsequent book under the same title, within which Rawls further developed his two central principles for his discussion of justice. Together, they dictate that society should be structured so that the greatest possible amount of liberty is given to its members, limited only by the notion that the liberty of any one member shall not infringe upon that of any other member. Secondly, inequalities – either social or economic – are only to be allowed if the worst off will be better off than they might be under an equal distribution. Finally, if there is such a beneficial inequality, this inequality should not make it harder for those without resources to occupy positions of power – for instance, public office.

Marc Hogan of Spin gave a negative review calling it "unapologetically dumb". Mike Powell of Rolling Stone gave the song 1.5 out of 5 stars, saying "No needless disrespect to Hilton, who has put out listenable and even enjoyable music in the past, but rave-by-numbers tracks like this are often the reason pop music gets a bad rap to begin with. Worst off, sadly, is Wayne, a rapper who once had everything to lose". Nathan Jolly of The Music Network gave the song 3 out of 5 stars, saying "Truthfully if this single was released by any other artist, it would be a hit, but Hilton has proven so polarising that nothing short of an Adele-style smash will really suffice, and as you listen you can't help but sense those in the wings with their claws out, waiting to pounce".

Opening of the subsidiary school at Pischiello was authorised in 1927, but lessons there started only in the school year 1930–31. The shift towards this new educational trend, however, did not coincide with a change in the intentions of the Marchioness, who persevered in her wish to support disadvantaged children by paying personally the enrolment fee in the Opera Nazionale Balilla for the whole school in 1933; this meant that even the children whose family was worst off, could have access to free material assistance and school meals."[...] act which is a new proof of the affectionate care you have always lavished on popular education." From a letter of 16 November 1933 sent to Romeyne Robert by the Schools Association for the farmers of the Roman countryside and the Pontine marshes, delegated to the administration of rural schools on behalf of the Ministry of National Education.

And you want to give priority to the worst off. from Business Insider
The worst-off benefit far more from trade than the rich. from Economist
What about giving Chicago's 100 worst-off schools a million each? from Hyperallergic
Among the streetwalkers in "The Deuce," she seems the worst off. from The New York Times
The worst-off are single-mother Latinas -- 49 cents to the dollar. from Vice
Spain is the second-worst off country after Italy, with 47,610 cases. from CNBC
In terms of infant and maternal mortality, Americans are the worst off. from The New York Times
The core of my efforts will be helping the worst off in Liberia. from The New York Times
The worst off are the funds not mentioned by Mr. Moritz: hedge funds. from The New York Times
And by most ozone-polluted cities, California owns seven of the worst-off cities. from Mashable
Britain's worst-off households are particularly unlikely to feel as though austerity is over. from Economist
The worst off in a sustained low-price era, Modell said: Venezuela and Nigeria. from Axios
From the street, Ms. Quinones's home, closest to the flames, appeared the worst off. from The New York Times
That means shortages and massive price hikes, with the poorest Britons probably the worst off. from Vox
Young people are worst-off, which helps explain why an alarming number join jihadist groups. from Economist
Yet the worst-off, at least, will soon be far better rewarded for their toil. from Economist
One of my worst "off-message" moments occurred on a CNN set in 2014. Rep. from CNN
Japan is among the world's wealthiest nations, yet its single mothers are amongst the worst off. from Reuters
The worst off, though, were Hispanic boys at 28% and black girls at more than 25%. from CNN
And hitting those targets will generate ongoing waves of investment into the state's worst-off communities. from Vox
So people whose total debt equaled or exceeded their total assets were by far the worst off. from Vice
Kentucky, (218 percent) Illinois (2200 percent) Connecticut (2242 percent) and Hawaii (4723 percent) are the worst off. from CNBC
With the fighting still heavy, international groups have been unable to reach some of the worst off. from The New York Times
The worst off were the glaneurs — scavengers who competed with rats for food scraps on the ground. from The New York Times
In neither case, however, do the increases amount to much better long-term prospects for the worst-off. from Economist
But maybe we don't care as much about overall welfare but instead the welfare of the worst-off. from Vox
Republican men had two points in their favor: their gender and their party; Democratic women were the worst off. from The New York Times
But over all, the report found, 221-year-old girls were perhaps the worst off of any group surveyed. from The New York Times
Worst off are people employed directly by the federal government who cannot work and are not getting a paycheck. from The New York Times
The mayor of San Antonio de Cortez described the Caal family as among the worst off in the village. from Reuters
America is worst off today, and I want to extend mine and Susan's heartfelt sympathy to the entire Bush family. from CNN
A divorce between markets and political systems works against the worst off, leaving them exposed to higher risks and fewer opportunities. from Economist
The worst-off countries, like Greece, Spain and Portugal, have sought to unleash government spending, running deficits to stimulate their economies. from The New York Times
The show's main characters are kind of despicable people, and at the end, Dory realizes that she's actually the worst off. from The New York Times
Friston was assigned a group of 32 chronic schizophrenic patients, the worst-off residents of Littlemore, for whom treatment mostly meant containment. from Wired
Almost half of workers in the U.S. make less than $15 per hour — women and people of color are the worst off. from The Hill
Analysts also warn the perception of India as being the least worst off among emerging economies will not buy it unlimited time. from Reuters
Elderly men were worst off, experiencing a 3.3 percent increase in long-term suicide risk for each 1 percent reduction in spending. from Vice
She points to Papua New Guinea, a country health professionals in the South Pacific think is worst off when it comes to HIV. from Vice News
Many of the worst-off small and midsize cities on the index are synonymous with poverty, deindustrialization and other maladies affecting older urban areas. from The New York Times
If you want to know where the masses are worse off, worst off, it&aposs exactly in the kinds of societies that depart from that. from Fox News
The sulfur cap "is like the final nail in the coffin for them," Energy Aspects product analyst Nevyn Nah said of the worst-off refineries. from Reuters
Snap's employees are probably the worst off here, who are still waiting for lockups to expire as they watch the stock tick lower and lower. from TechCrunch
And surprisingly, students with less than $5,000 in debt are often some of the worst off, as they are more prone to defaulting on their loans. from Vox
Rawls argued that, faced with this uncertainty, people would choose the world that provided the best position for the least advantaged, worst-off class of people. from New Republic
More than 43 million Americans have some amount of student-loan debt, and recent graduates are the worst off, with an average of $35,000 in debt. from Refinery 29
He had rigged litters from bamboo for the worst off and tied the wrists of delirious men to other soldiers so they would not get left behind. from The New York Times
The package will also provide Los Angeles with "tens of millions" in community development block grants to aid the worst off, like seniors and unemployed, Garcetti said. from CNBC
Read more " _____ • Robert L. Pollock in Real Clear Politics: "Never again should we entertain proposals to help the worst off by penalizing the not so well off. from The New York Times
In Pure's fleet the Double Sunshine, a popular sightseeing boat, is the worst off with damage to the hull that will take a few weeks to fix. from CNBC
As one of Harvard's more famous professors, John Rawls, once argued, inequalities can sometimes be justified if their existence is harnessed to benefit the worst-off among us. from Vox
There were nuances to how the checks worked that enabled a few more poor households to get benefits, but for the most part, the worst-off were excluded. from Vox
"His biggest and most powerful weapon was, and still is, his deft mind, which is always focused on helping the poorest and worst off people in Colombia," said Suarez. from Fox News
These are the worst-off people receiving the credit (or not receiving it if they have no earnings), and they get less than people making considerably more than them. from Vox
Babies born in Japan, Iceland and Singapore have the best odds of survival globally, while newborns in Pakistan, Central African Republic and Afghanistan are the worst off, UNICEF said. from Reuters
In either case, NATO would be by far the worst off, and the true beneficiary of the Trump plan would not be the United States but, rather, Vladimir Putin. from The Hill
Irving had one of his best on-court seasons last year while simultaneously having his worst off-court season, tanking the Celtics chemistry with what he admitted was poor leadership. from Business Insider
"I think some people will compete to be a victim and be the worst off ever, but then maybe someone near to you has died, or something similar," Hopkins said. from Business Insider
" The paradox: "Even in the worst-off parts of low- and low-middle-income countries, more than 99 percent of communities have seen an improvement in child mortality and schooling. from Axios
Less educated women are worst off: Workforce participation rates have fallen the most and wages have risen the least among women with only a high school diploma or less, Schanzenbach said. from Axios
The only thing an increase in the heroin supply would do is make the drug more accessible — and therefore more used — among the worst-off population that has all the drug users. from Vox
"The worst off are always the employees because they have stock options, they work long hours on the promise of a rocket ship, and in most cases they're not successful," said Epstein. from Vox
Obviously, people in poverty are worse off than others, and there are philosophical reasons to want a market system that allows for inequality as long as it benefits the worst-off in society. from Vox
She's looked small, slow and, worst off, establishment when compared to Trump, who is seemingly everywhere (Washington state, Mexico City and Arizona in the span of 24 hours) and controlling the narrative in the process. from The Hill
Khan has spoken of the need for a major anti-poverty program to boost Pakistan's economy and help its worst off citizens, but this will involve considerable spending that is typically antithetical to the conservative IMF. from CNN
One of the reasons why — I hate to say it — it's the African Americans, they were basically users and they basically responded the worst off those drugs just because their character makeup, their genetics, and that. from Vox
" In some of the worst-off communities, David Kennedy, a criminologist at John Jay College, told Mother Jones in 2015, the clearance rate for murders and nonfatal shootings can fall even further — "down to single digits. from Vox
John Kasich of Ohio has long put his faith in New Hampshire, whose conservative, practical Republicans are more in tune with his belief in a government that's lean, but retains a role in helping America's worst off. from The New York Times
Piketty and Saez show that the optimal inheritance tax is much higher if you use a "Rawlsian" social welfare function, where the goal is for taxes to maximize the interests of the worst-off, not of everyone. from Vox
It's October 22012, and I'm headed down the worst off-pavement road I've ever driven: my body tossed around like a rag doll inside my pickup, my fingers sore and hands throbbing from gripping the steering wheel. from The New York Times
The poor data could also make it difficult to identify common characteristics among the worst-off states, which can in turn make it harder to address the root causes of drug addiction and overdoses to avoid future, similar crises. from Vox
According to the research—conducted prior to the Brexit vote—the U.K. isn't the worst off however, with pre-retirees in both Britain and the U.S. expecting to save for an additional seven years to each country's current saving average. from CNBC
For the worst-off city, accumulated losses could be up to 10.9 percent of a city's gross domestic product by 2100, they wrote of the survey of 1,962 cities including Tokyo, New York, Beijing, Lagos, Sao Paulo, London and Moscow. from Reuters
Whereas Democrats say that they'll ensure that the worst off get taken care of, Trump turns this logic upside down: He says that he'll take care of his white, middle-class voters (and not the "undeserving" poor, implicitly black and Latino). from Vox
While the problems in many poorer cities predate the recession, what has felt like a real recovery for Americans in healthier cities and towns has left the worst-off locations — many of them concentrated in the nation's old industrial heartland — even further behind. from The New York Times
As part of the SF Homeless Project, in which 70 media organizations have united to spotlight the plight of the city's worst-off from June 29 onwards, we at Mashable have tried to focus on the humanity at the core of the issue. from Mashable
In response, Ryan would say that while social safety net programs may help improve the lives of the worst-off people in concrete material ways, that doesn't really help because the real goal should be policy that lets people earn more for themselves. from Vox
Meanwhile for progressive politicians the need to target available funds at the worst-off in society grows more urgent; in America, the argument that the children of billionaires should not receive a government-funded education takes on greater moral as well as practical weight. from Economist
But Niels Pedersen, the author of the English bulldog study, says it isn't accurate or fair to list breeds as being worse off than others, saying the breed that is "worst off" is the breed whose owners can least afford to keep them healthy. from Gizmodo
Gun violence was a big one — leading to big protests across Chicago last month, in which demonstrators demanded that Emanuel resign and other efforts be taken up to clean up the streets and provide new economic and education opportunities in the city's worst-off neighborhoods. from Vox
That includes 13.5% who were uninsured and in fair or poor health — arguably the worst off in the entire system — and another 32.9% percent who have insurance but said they or a family member have had a problem affording care in the last year. from Axios
For all its contradictions, the show has something to say about the psychic cost, for women, of achieving power, with plots like Sansa Stark's slow transformation from the worst-off "Bachelor" contestant to dry-eyed warrior queen, smirking as she watches her rapist get his face ripped off by hungry dogs. from New Yorker
The nightmarish consequences of this would include (in addition to avoidable suffering and death for the financially worst-off among us) national inability to track sources and surges of coronavirus infection, as well as the inability to target quarantine, rapid clinical response, and other public-health powers so as to dampen these surges. from The Hill
In 2016, he supported and helped to organise the distribution of basic survival provisions to some of the worst-off refugees in the area of İzmir.
The "happy" utility monster of total utilitarianism is ineffective against maximin, because as soon as a monster has received enough utility to no longer be the worst-off in the group, there's no need to accommodate it. But maximin has its own monster: an unhappy (worst-off) being who only gains a tiny amount of utility no matter how many resources are given to it. It can be shown that all consequentialist systems based on maximizing a global function are subject to utility monsters.
If there is more than one partition, then a Pareto- efficient one is returned. The procedure produces "balanced" allocations, that is, allocations which maximize the rank in the preference ordering of the bundle obtained by the worst-off agent.
A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971. The maximin principle ranks outcomes solely according to the well-being of the worst-off member of a society. It can thus be viewed as an extreme version of prioritarianism.
Porter's book showed that some groups (e.g., those of British origin) were better off with respect to measures of income, education and health than others. For example, groups of eastern and southern European origin tended to fare less well by these measures. The worst off were the First Nations and Inuit.
The wheat group was the worst off, and the oats and mixed groups were in between. Then the weak cows were fed corn. They recovered and bore healthy calves. Hart and his team published their findings in 1911 in Physiological Effect on Growth and Reproduction of Rations Balanced from Restricted Sources.
These functions are used to assess the welfare impacts on all individuals of climate change and related policies (Markandya et al., 2001, p. 460). The Rawlsian approach concentrates on the welfare of the worst-off in society, whereas the utilitarian approach is a sum of utilities (Arrow et al., 1996b, p. 138).
The Decreasing Demand Procedure is a procedure for fair item assignment. It yields a Pareto-efficient division that maximizes the rank of the agent with the lowest rank. This corresponds to the Rawlsian justice criterion of taking care of the worst-off agent. The procedure was developed by Dorothea Herreiner and Clemens Puppe.
Prajapati states, "he by whose departure, the body is worst off, is the one". Each rivaling organ leaves for a year, and the body suffers but is not worse off. Then, Prana (breath, life-principle) prepares to leave, and all of them insist that he stay. Prana, they acknowledge, empowers them all.
The gap between the top earners and those worst-off grew during the Katainen Cabinet.Finnish income gap creeps wider 1.11.2013 The government made many decisions that favored the richest citizens such as the removal of business angel investment taxation. Many tax allowances favored the rich, for example, the household renovation reduction and private retirement funds.
A part of Clark Wolf's response to the benevolent world-exploder objection is that negative utilitarianism can be combined with a theory of rights. He says: Negative utilitarianism can be combined, in particular, with Rawls' theory of justice. Rawls knew Popper's normative claims and may have been influenced by his concern for the worst-off.
For example, in the imaginary society, one might or might not be intelligent, rich, or born into a preferred class. Since one may occupy any position in the society once the veil is lifted, the device forces the parties to consider society from the perspective of all members, including the worst-off and best- off members.
By this logic, the negotiations will be sensitive to both those who worst off, given that a risk of being in that category yourself will incentives protection of these people, but also the rest of society, as one would not wish to hinder maximal utilisation for these in case you would end up in higher classes.
Neo-classical liberalism, also referred to as Arizona School liberalism or bleeding-heart libertarianism, focuses on the compatibility of support for civil liberties and free markets on the one hand and a concern for social justice and the well-being of the worst-off on the other.Tomasi, John; Zwolinski, Matt (2 April 2012). "A Bleeding Heart History of Libertarianism".
This, of course, may be an oversimplification. "Dry Greens" may be the least appreciated environmentalists and might not even be given that title. However, a very good economic treatment is given in "The Plundered Planet" by Paul Collier (2010). Collier may put the plight of the bottom billion (poorest and worst off people) on the planet above environmentalism.
For example, suppose there are three possible allocations: allocation x gives a utility of 2 to Alice and 4 to George; allocation y gives a utility of 9 to Alice and 1 to George; and allocation z gives a utility of 1 to Alice and 8 to George. Then allocation x is leximin-optimal, since its utility profile is (2,4) which is leximin-larger than that of y (9,1) and z (1,8). The leximin allocation rule selects, from among all possible allocations, the leximin-optimal ones. The leximin allocation rule is often called the egalitarian rule, as it corresponds to the egalitarian philosophy: it aims to maximize the happiness of the worst-off agent; subject to that, to maximize the happiness of the second worst-off agent; and so on.
It disagrees with the parties on the right which, in the eyes of GreenLeft, were only oriented towards cutting costs and did not offer the worst-off a chance for work, emancipation and participation. But, unlike the other opposition parties of the left, the party does not want to defend the current welfare state – which the party calls "powerless", because it merely offers the worst-off a benefit rather than prospects for work. The party wants to reform the Dutch welfare state so it will benefit "outsiders" – those who have been excluded from the welfare state until now. To increase employment, the GreenLeft proposes a participation contract, where unemployment recipients sign an agreement with their local council to become involved in volunteer work, schooling, or work experience projects – for which they get paid minimum wage.
Rawls’ conclusion to the regulation of inequality, was a society based upon his proposed ‘difference principle’ - permitting inequalities that work to the advantage of the worst off. Not to be confused with trickle-down economics, this compensates for the natural abilities of individuals through a redistributive exercise. The society that results is therefore fair on the basis of opportunity regardless of natural ability.
What, then, could justify unequal distribution? Rawls argues that inequality is acceptable only if it is to the advantage of those who are worst-off. The agreement that stems from the original position is both hypothetical and ahistorical. It is hypothetical in the sense that the principles to be derived are what the parties would, under certain legitimating conditions, agree to, not what they have agreed to.
Favoring the worst off could be accomplished by favoring the sickest first or by favoring the youngest first. Favoring the sickest appeals to the rule of rescue, but organ transplants don’t always work well with the sickest patients. Also, a different patient could become equally sick in the future. Favoring the youngest saves the most years of life, but a twenty-year-old has a more developed personality than an infant.
Bully- victims are people who have both experienced aggression directed towards them and have themselves engaged in bullying. They often choose to be bully assistants or reinforcers. Seeing others victimized can serve as a buffer against some psychological problems, for which these people are at risk (see consequences of victimization below). In comparison to all other groups, bully-victims are the worst off regarding their psychological adjustment and problems.
He cited recent behaviour of the players as a reason to start the League again. Along with the league re-forming, the Douglas Wilkie Medal was awarded for the first time since 1994. In 2008 the organisation announced the Newman Award to be "presented to a footballer who displays the worst off-field performance, in the preceding 12 months." Sam Newman is among those nominated for the inaugural award.
On the 8th and 9th 32 died as an unusually heavy rain storm hits Thailand. 43 provinces are flooded, with Chiang Mai Province being the worst off. 1,000 were injured and approximately another 138,000 had been made ill by the polluted water supplies left after the storm had destroyed most of the water channels, sewerage systems and water pipe lines. The Thai government estimate that of rice fields and farmland have been destroyed.
The widow's earning rule was also abolished, while a range of new social benefits was introduced. An Act was passed which replaced National Assistance with Supplementary Benefits. The new Act laid down that people who satisfied its conditions were entitled to these noncontributory benefits. Unlike the National Assistance scheme, which operated like state charity for the worst-off, the new Supplementary Benefits scheme was a right of every citizen who found himself or herself in severe difficulties.
Neither had the employer. # The working conditions were lagging behind those of industrial workers and were poor in terms of working hours and tasks. The occupation as contract-worker was the way out for the worst off—given they were able for the work. # Also the family situation was depicted as chaotic, with the wives bound to carry out work away from home many times a day (above all for milking), clashing with the bourgeois housewife ideal.
One extra unit of utility for a starving person is not seen to be of any greater value than an extra unit of utility for a millionaire. At the other extreme is the Max-Min, or Rawlsian utility function . According to the Max-Min criterion, welfare is maximized when the utility of those society members that have the least is the greatest. No economic activity will increase social welfare unless it improves the position of the society member that is the worst off.
Relational justice seeks to examine the connections between individuals and focuses on their relations in societies, with respect to how these relationships are established and configured. In a normative view, this focus includes an understanding of what these relations should be. In a political view, this focus includes the method of organizing persons in society. Rawls’ theory of justice stakes out the task of justice as equalizing the distribution of primary social goods to benefit the worst-off in society.
Dealers in the black market included German officers and men as well as OT workers and many civilians. The worst off during the occupation were the poor in the island towns those who had no access to farms and could not afford the black market prices. The rich did not live well, but at least could buy adequate quantities of basic food. Prisoners could supplement their worse than normal rations by paying heavily for black market foods to be brought to them.
Tori tells Geirr to focus on solutions and not problems, while Geirr rebels. With irreverence he promotes the view that there are no solutions at all. Eventually he turns the group to his side by having them acknowledge and revel in their problems, dropping the facade of positive thinking and happiness. As Geirr gradually takes control of the group he initiates arguments about who is the worst off with the most serious problems, and who is malingerering or does not belong.
But, the author did make a comment that there could be possible links between early liberalization and intergroup disparity based on evidence. The research for this study was to quantify the aspects of the gender-caste overlap in India, but collecting data which could come up with clear results proved to be difficult. In an earlier paper Deshpande wrote in 2002 she has mentioned that the subgroup which is the worst off in India by about having double the burder is the group of low-caste women.
Amongst the sick soldiers, the worst off were often members of the fleet who were forced to remain for weeks on their ships without proper food or supplies. By July 1279, many of the troops from the ships abandoned the fleet and joined their counterparts on the ground in the hopes of better care. Many of the boats remained anchored off Isla Verde for this reason and by the time of the battle later that month, the fleet was easily destroyed by the Muslim galleys.
While the initial Cannondales Motorcycle was considered a failure (and oft-appear on lists of worst off-road motorcycles ever produced), the Cannondale FX400 ATV was more positively received due to its chassis. As ATK took over sales and production of Cannondale products, the ATV required marginal attention, and was re-released to the market. ATK turned their focus to the X440, continuing to improve on the 2002 model. Resolving fuel delivery issues, suspension geometry and reliability, the machine was placed back on the market.
Due to the inequality in identity and economic and social status, the impact of climate change vary on different people. Also, due to natural conditions, the effect on regions vary in degrees. Regions such as the Mekong Delta are more vulnerable to climate change. Thus, in respond to the impacts, people in different regions tend to take different measures, in which process, the vulnerable group, especially the worst off, are often not able to equally enjoy the benefit of the government's policy, or might even be severely marginalized or impaired.
They are therefore expected to sustain a continuous, patriotic frenzy for the Party, often being required to blindly accept nearly every order from their superiors, all while simultaneously being condemned to live in rundown neighbourhoods, use bicycles and subways as transportation, and to persist in an ongoing state of near starvation with meagre rations of low-quality food and drink. They could be debated as the worst off in the class system, as they lack the freedom of the proles, and the luxuries of the upper class and Inner Party.
However, once one adopts that approach, one can take intensities of preferences into consideration, or one can compare (i) gains and losses of utility or (ii) levels of utility, across different individuals. In particular, Harsanyi (1955) gives a justification of utilitarianism (which evaluates alternatives in terms of the sum of individual utilities), originating from Jeremy Bentham. Hammond (1976) gives a justification of the maximin principle (which evaluates alternatives in terms of the utility of the worst-off individual), originating from John Rawls. Not all voting methods use, as input, only an ordering of all candidates.
The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, as are most of the other characters, though he does interact with a few proles (generally objects of contempt or disgust for Party members). The Outer Party represents the middle class in Oceanic society, bureaucrats who do most of the actual work in the Party government and its four ministries. Its members can be identified by their blue jumpsuits. From a certain viewpoint, the members of the Outer Party, and not the proles, are seen as the worst off of the three classes.
" University of Chicago Law School professor Eric Posner reviewed the book for Slate Magazine, concluding: "So what's an effective altruist to do? The utilitarian imperative to search out and help the people with the highest marginal utility of money around the world is in conflict with our limited knowledge about foreign cultures, which makes it difficult for us to figure out what the worst-off people really need. For this reason, donations to Little League and other local institutions you are familiar with may not be a bad idea. The most good you can do may turn out to be—not much.
Bringing Pam up by 86 has more moral value than bringing Jim down by 87 if a sufficiently higher weight is given to improvements in condition for the worst off (Pam), but if the added weight is small (very weak priority), that might not be the case. If one could move from a society described by outcome 1 to one described by outcome 2, under sufficiently strong prioritarianism, that ought to be done. Prioritarianism is arguably more consistent with commonsense moral thinking than utilitarianism when it comes to these kinds of cases, especially because of the prioritarian's emphasis on compassion.
Imagine choosing between two outcomes: in outcome 1, Jim's well-being level is 1; Pam's well-being level is 100; Dwight's well-being level is 100 (one could add an indefinite number of people with indefinitely high well-being levels). In outcome 2, Jim's well-being level is 2; Pam's well-being level is 3; Dwight's well-being level is 3. Many of us would part ways with the maximin principle and judge that outcome 1 is better than outcome 2 despite the fact that the worst-off member (Jim) has a lower level of well-being in outcome 1.
Pogge, Thomas W., 2000, "Justice for People with Disabilities: the Semiconsequentialist Approach," in Leslie Pickering Francis and Anita Silvers. eds., Americans with Disabilities: Exploring Implications of the Law for Individuals and Institutions, New York and London: Routledge, pp. 34–53.Buchanan, Allen, Brock, Dan W., Daniels, Norman, and Wikler, Daniel, 2000, From Chance to Choice – Genetics and Justice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, chapters 3, 4 and 7. John Rawls postulated the difference principle which argued that "inequalities are justified only if needed to improve the lot of the worst off, for example by giving the talented an incentive to create wealth".
Neoclassical liberalism,Matt Zwolinski and John Tomasi, "A Bleeding Heart History of Libertarianism", April 2, 2012, Cato Unbound. also referred to as Arizona School liberalismNeoclassical liberal philosophers such as David Schmidtz, Jerry Gaus, John Tomasi, Kevin Vallier, Matt Zwolinski and Jason Brennan all have a connection to the University of Arizona (cf. "On the ethics of voting" , 3:AM Magazine, January 14, 2013). and bleeding-heart libertarianism, is a libertarian political philosophy that focuses on the compatibility of support for civil liberties and free markets on the one hand and a concern for social justice and the well-being of the worst-off on the other.
Pogge's main justification is that, even if the idea of GRD would be refined over time, and would be difficult to implement, it is nevertheless the right of those who are the worst off. The 1% dividend tax is not seen as a donation, but a responsibility. Pogge believes that the idea of the GRD may be a natural extension of John Rawls' theory of justice, although Rawls himself disagreed with this interpretation. To Pogge, the world order currently violates the first principle of justice (equal opportunity), as well as the second principle (equal access to offices, but also the idea that inequalities should favour the poorest individuals).
Lacking ration cards, migrant workers were the worst off, as they were ineligible for any assistance. Many residents in those areas complained the authorities had insufficiently taken measures to prepare for the floods. The National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights (NCDHR) and the Social Awareness Society for Youths (SASY) surveyed 8,400 Dalit and non-Dalit families in 20 villages in the Cuddalore region in December 2015 and found that around 90 percent of the houses, livestock and crops destroyed in the floods belonged to Dalit families, who made up the majority of flood-displaced people. The final report alleged dominant caste people blocked access to clean water, medicines; official relief measures were concentrated in more accessible upper-caste neighbourhoods.
Rawls claims that the parties in the original position would adopt two such principles, which would then govern the assignment of rights and duties and regulate the distribution of social and economic advantages across society. The difference principle permits inequalities in the distribution of goods only if those inequalities benefit the worst-off members of society. Rawls believes that this principle would be a rational choice for the representatives in the original position for the following reason: Each member of society has an equal claim on their society's goods. Natural attributes should not affect this claim, so the basic right of any individual, before further considerations are taken into account, must be to an equal share in material wealth.
The most ignored communities were Nepali Indians, living in the most inaccessible regions of Nepal, clinging to high mountain passes. They have yet to see any quake aid from Kathmandu, while the relief effort focuses on the immediate needs of people in the vicinity of cities. The areas of Nepal hardest-hit by the earthquake, such as Gorkha District, Sindhupalchowk District and Dolakha District, where 90% of houses were destroyed, are likely to suffer most as Kathmandu historically has shown very little interest in them, and transport must be by mule in treacherous mountainous terrain as no roads exist. In particular, Tamang and Chepang children were already suffering from severe malnutrition before the fuel crisis, and they were worst off.
Nozick writes: > Utilitarian theory is embarrassed by the possibility of utility monsters who > get enormously greater sums of utility from any sacrifice of others than > these others lose ... the theory seems to require that we all be sacrificed > in the monster's maw, in order to increase total utility. This thought experiment attempts to show that utilitarianism is not actually egalitarian, even though it appears to be at first glance. The experiment contends that there is no way of aggregating utility which can circumvent the conclusion that all units should be given to a utility monster, because it's possible to tailor a monster to any given system. For example, Rawls' maximin considers a group's utility to be the same as the utility of the member who's worst off.
Knowing only these two features of themselves, the group will deliberate in order to design a social structure, during which each person will seek his or her maximal advantage. The idea is that proposals that we would ordinarily think of as unjust – such as that black people or women should not be allowed to hold public office – will not be proposed, in this, Rawls' original position, because it would be irrational to propose them. The reason is simple: one does not know whether he himself would be a woman or a black person. This position is expressed in the difference principle, according to which, in a system of ignorance about one's status, one would strive to improve the position of the worst off, because he might find himself in that position.
A significant reappraisal was published in the 1985 essay "Justice as Fairness", and a subsequent book under the same title, within which Rawls further developed his two central principles for his discussion of justice. Together, they dictate that society should be structured so that the greatest possible amount of liberty is given to its members, limited only by the notion that the liberty of any one member shall not infringe upon that of any other member. Secondly, inequalities – either social or economic – are only to be allowed if the worst off will be better off than they might be under an equal distribution. Finally, if there is such a beneficial inequality, this inequality should not make it harder for those without resources to occupy positions of power – for instance, public office.
Marc Hogan of Spin gave a negative review calling it "unapologetically dumb". Mike Powell of Rolling Stone gave the song 1.5 out of 5 stars, saying "No needless disrespect to Hilton, who has put out listenable and even enjoyable music in the past, but rave-by-numbers tracks like this are often the reason pop music gets a bad rap to begin with. Worst off, sadly, is Wayne, a rapper who once had everything to lose". Nathan Jolly of The Music Network gave the song 3 out of 5 stars, saying "Truthfully if this single was released by any other artist, it would be a hit, but Hilton has proven so polarising that nothing short of an Adele-style smash will really suffice, and as you listen you can't help but sense those in the wings with their claws out, waiting to pounce".
Opening of the subsidiary school at Pischiello was authorised in 1927, but lessons there started only in the school year 1930–31. The shift towards this new educational trend, however, did not coincide with a change in the intentions of the Marchioness, who persevered in her wish to support disadvantaged children by paying personally the enrolment fee in the Opera Nazionale Balilla for the whole school in 1933; this meant that even the children whose family was worst off, could have access to free material assistance and school meals."[...] act which is a new proof of the affectionate care you have always lavished on popular education." From a letter of 16 November 1933 sent to Romeyne Robert by the Schools Association for the farmers of the Roman countryside and the Pontine marshes, delegated to the administration of rural schools on behalf of the Ministry of National Education.