The point of the letter is that all these various groups underrepresent women and massively underrepresent African Americans and Latinos.
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In the Senate, the closest midterm races appear to underrepresent Asian voters.
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But design collections within art museums still woefully underrepresent across many intersections.
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Mr. Pickles also argued that academic studies of potential disinformation campaigns on the social network "systematically underrepresent our enforcement actions," for technical reasons.
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Joseph Chait could face 2250 years in prison for allegedly falsifying customs forms to disguise the poached animal parts as "bone" and underrepresent their value.
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And the "high tech" sector, more broadly, tends to overrepresent white people and underrepresent black and Latinx people, according to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
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The ministry said in a report this year that there has been progress on reporting the number of cases, but that the figures continue to greatly underrepresent the reality.
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On the other extreme, you can envision a live-interview poll with a highly favorable turnout for Mr. Jones that might underrepresent Mr. Moore's support because of social desirability bias.
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Reams was defended by a part-time lawyer with several hundred other cases and no capital punishment experience, and there were indications that the jury was manipulated to underrepresent African-Americans.
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Law enforcement officials investigating these cases say that public documents underrepresent the number of cases involving the dark web because many court documents don't mention the online sources of the drugs.
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The exit polls' overestimate of Mr. Trump's support among well-educated white voters is symptomatic of the survey's deeper problem: a tendency to severely underrepresent older, white voters without a college degree.
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Because the data was collected between 2004 and 2007, the study also didn't include time spent on smartphones or tablets, so the result might underrepresent the amount of screen time kids get today.
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How to map data is a contentious debate in data visualization, and not just with electoral maps: A geographically accurate map can underrepresent minorities or put more visual weight on large western states.
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Particularly in light of the recently revealed smoking gun evidence that the question was designed precisely to underrepresent minorities, the lower courts might issue a ruling against the question that will hold up.
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Some Latino activists have long viewed public polls of their community -- including exit polls -- as unreliable and contended they tend to underrepresent respondents who speak mostly Spanish, a group that leans more toward Democrats.
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Hate crimes towards the LGBTQ+ community begs the question of diversity in mainstream media, after a 2017 report by GLAAD found that major film studios continue to underrepresent LGBTQ+ characters in the films they release.
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However, in a commentary appearing alongside the paper, drug safety researcher Joshua Gagne (who didn't work on this study) notes that it could also underrepresent the problem, as it's estimated that only around 10 percent of all adverse events are reported to the FDA database.
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Voicing the widespread concern in Siena that the parade might misrepresent, or even underrepresent, the Tuscan medieval horse race, the Palio organizers had requested a six-minute show time, and the participation of at least two standard-bearers and a drummer from each district.
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But insofar as the finding that racial animus reduces support for liberal policies holds, that creates a dilemma for anti-racist liberals trying to win over a country that still has a large majority of white voters (this is an especially salient factor in Senate elections, which systematically underrepresent nonwhite Americans).
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Jill Darling, the survey director at the U.S.C. Center for Economic and Social Research, noted that they had decided not to "trim" the weights (that's when a poll prevents one person from being weighted up by more than some amount, like five or 10) because the sample would otherwise underrepresent African-American and young voters.
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It reiterates this point in its letter to Collins, writing: … we have found studies of the impact of bots and automation on Twitter necessarily and systematically underrepresent our enforcement actions because these defensive actions are not visible via our APIs, and because they take place shortly after content is created and delivered via our streaming API.
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Most of the tropical cyclone rainfall totals on the list below are 24‑hour maxima, which likely underrepresent the storm total.
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The catalogue appears to ignore or underrepresent, for example, Central Asia, a region from where, some scholars propose, may emerge new folktale types, previously not contemplated by the original catalogue, such as Yuri Berezkin's The Captive Khan and the Clever Daughter-in-Law (and variants)Berezkin, Yuri; Duvakin, Evgeny. "THE CAPTIVE KHAN AND THE CLEVER DAUGHTER-IN-LAW". In: Folklore.
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Phase 1 and 2 clinical studies in metastatic melanoma showed some responses. However, based on early interim analysis of phase III data, Pfizer designated tremelimumab as a failure and terminated the trial in April 2008. However, within a year, the survival curves showed separation of the treatment and control groups. The conventional Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) may underrepresent the merits of immunotherapies.
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Geographic atrophy is a chronic disease, which leads to visual function loss. This often results in difficulties performing daily tasks such as reading, recognizing faces, and driving, and ultimately has severe consequences on independence. Initially, patients often have good visual acuity if the GA lesions are not involved in the central macular, or foveal, region of the retina. As such, a standard vision test may underrepresent the visual deficit experienced by patients who report challenges reading, driving or seeing in low light conditions.
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In the City of Calgary's 2018 municipal census, Beltline had a population of living in dwellings, an increase of 1,668 residents from its 2017 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2018. This made Beltline the fastest growing neighbourhood in 2018. Beltline is one of the densest populated areas in the city, however due to significant undeveloped land in its Victoria Park region, the overall density figure tends to underrepresent the actual density of the developed regions.
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The ISO standard ISO 11940-2 defines a set of rules to transform the result of ISO 11940 into a simplified transcription. In the process, it rearranges the letters to correspond to Thai pronunciation, but it discards information about vowel length and syllable tone and the distinction between IPA /o/ and /ɔ/. These are not reversible, as they do not indicate tone and underrepresent vowel quality and quantity. Graphemic distinctions between letters for Indic voiced, voiceless, and breathy-voiced consonants have also been neutralised.
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Ship and buoy reports, available since the 1970s, are used in real-time not only for their temperature, pressure, and wind measurements, but also for their sea surface temperature and wave height measurements. Wind reports from ships at sea have become increasingly based on anemometers, and less so on the Beaufort Scale. This is important to note as the Beaufort Scale underestimates winds at higher wind speeds, indicating ship wind observations taken for older storms are likely to underrepresent their true value.Brian R. Jarvinen, Charles J. Neumann, and Mary A. S. Davis.
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While the latter provided sufficient grounds to reverse Newton's conviction, the Court of Appeal still addressed—and denied—the charges of improper jury selection in the murder trial. Regarding grand jury selection, Newton argued that the pertinent statutes in Alameda County "resulted in unconstitutional discrimination against young persons, low income groups and black persons." However, the Court of Appeal reiterated that constitutional standards for selecting grand and petit jurors must not "systematically exclude, or substantially underrepresent, the members of any identifiable group in the community." On that basis, the Court of Appeal found that Newton failed to prove purposeful discrimination during grand jury selection.
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In particular, the variance between individual results within the sample is a good indicator of variance in the overall population, which makes it relatively easy to estimate the accuracy of results. Simple random sampling can be vulnerable to sampling error because the randomness of the selection may result in a sample that doesn't reflect the makeup of the population. For instance, a simple random sample of ten people from a given country will on average produce five men and five women, but any given trial is likely to overrepresent one sex and underrepresent the other. Systematic and stratified techniques attempt to overcome this problem by "using information about the population" to choose a more "representative" sample.
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The process of excavation destroys the context and requires the excavator to be able and willing to make informed (by experience and where necessary collaboration) decisions about which context(s) lay at the top of the sequence. As long as undercutting is not endemic, in practice onsite errors in judgment should become evident especially if temporary sections are kept for stratigraphic control in areas of a site that are hard to discern. However, archaeological sections, while being useful and valuable, only ever present a slice or caricature of a sequence, and often underrepresent its complexity. The use of archaeological sections when dealing with stratigraphic complexity is limited and their use should be context-sensitive rather than as a running arbiter of sequence.
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