We mean the ideological hegemonic system that operates transnationally, globally, etc.
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Western sports properties, such as the English Premier League (EPL), a football championship, seek to sell their brands transnationally in Asia.
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"Above all, international and regional databases are needed, in which data that is collected nationally can be stored securely and accessed transnationally," it said.
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This quarrel, du Rivage argues, swept across the Empire and, as much as it divided colony from home country, it united proponents of either view transnationally.
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A chilling recurrent subplot involves the remarkably rapid regrouping of undeterred ex-Nazis, already inventing denialism, networking transnationally and dreaming up a renewed pan-fascist future.
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With the right of free movement and my European health insurance card, I lived my early adulthood transnationally, in ways that some of my old school friends in the north of England have not.
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ANDREW TERHUNEPhiladelphia The kind of antitrust regulation that sought to control national monopolies has given way to transnationally linked intangibles, multinational corporations and complex supply chains that cannot be properly regulated except by effective global processes.
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MADRID (Reuters) - Larger banks in the euro zone should consolidate transnationally, while for smaller lenders domestic-level mergers are a reasonable way to reduce costs, the European Central Bank's Vice-president Luis de Guindos said on Friday.
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MADRID, Dec 13 (Reuters) - Larger banks in the euro zone should consolidate transnationally, while for smaller lenders domestic-level mergers are a reasonable way to reduce costs, the European Central Bank's Vice-president Luis de Guindos said on Friday.
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But in 2.0 we're talking about social media, about how the idea of black thoughts are transnationally communicated via social media, like the idea of Black Twitter, or these other social media websites where information, media, and concepts are exchanged.
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Not long ago, most of the American left tended to think transnationally — partly because problems like climate change are global, partly because it's hard to regulate a global economy nation by nation, partly because progressives used to be psychologically averse to nationalism.
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Justice Neil Gorsuch pounced on what he saw as a line-drawing conundrum: "I can think of a lot of cases", he said, involving harm to foreign nationals "that can occur transnationally"—hinting that military operations or drone strikes on foreign soil may suddenly subject American agents to untold lawsuits.
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The European Works Council Directive 2009/38/EC (or sometimes the "Transnational Works Council Directive") is a European Union Directive on the establishment of works councils, for the purpose of information and consultation, in companies that operate transnationally within the EU.
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Lived first in Benghazi, Libya, then transnationally between Baghdad and New England; raised by an American mother and an Iraqi father; attended public school in Iraq until the family returned to the United States at the start of the Iran–Iraq War.
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Community gardens play a part in a larger food systems movements such as food justice, food sovereignty, food security, urban farming, and more. These movements are not only happening in the United States, but transnationally in the Global North and the Global South.
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There were three primary generations of kuduro that each lasted nearly a decade. Through all generations, the primary common vein was storytelling of social and political messages. These messages are innately representative of the diaspora as it spreads the influence of Africanness transnationally, using African-originated and influenced sounds as a global genre.
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Furthermore, they engage in research on how EU member states have responded to the transnationalization of welfare rights and the judicialization of politics. Finally, they ask how social rights of mobile citizens manifest in policy and in practice and in which ways mobile EU citizens experience, organize and manage their welfare transnationally.
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The movement runs charity and humanitarian aid organizations which are transnationally active. The leading one among them is the Istanbul-based Kimse Yok Mu Association (KYM). KYM organizes charity campaigns to help those in need in different parts of the world. Like any other activities of the Gülen-movement, KYM runs local projects responding to specific needs.
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The African Gray Parrot (Psittacus erithacus) is the most poached parrot of South Africa. Large African cats that are poached include lions, cheetahs, and leopards. Body parts of African cats, particularly lions, are traded both pan-nationally and transnationally for zootherapeutic practices. Eighty percent of the African Lion (Panthera leo) population is concentrated in east and southern Africa.
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Often, migrants who return bring back skill sets that benefit their home areas tremendously. # Urban-urban migration: as the predominant form of internal migration, this movement takes place from the centre of towns to the outer areas of the town. Circular migration, the temporary and repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, can occur both internally and transnationally.
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Luxembourg is a destination country for women trafficked transnationally for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. During the reporting period, women were trafficked from Bulgaria and Ukraine. According to the Luxembourg Red Cross, an increasing number of women from Africa and Latin America are engaged in prostitution in the country, and could be victims of trafficking."Luxembourg". Traf yupficking in Persons Report 2008.
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" Cinema and Nation. Eds. Mette Hjort and Scott Mackenzie. New York: Routledge, 2000. p. 280 He goes on, however, to say that these more transnationally powerful films actually become de-nationalized as a result of its "national-cultural currency" more widely and easily dispersed, mixing with other cultures, becoming either a "positive admixture" to other countries' cultures and identities or a "model for emulation.
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However the major instances can be seen since the 1980s, when the technological changes transformed the dissemination of news and political communications. In specific, the technological change of increased satellite capacity that allowed for the dissemination of news and information transnationally, thus establishing the seeds of global journalism. The transition from networks of 'relativity' to the networks of 'connectivity' created the notions of a global public sphere.
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In her dissertation "Blue Jeans. An artificial mythology ", Schober reconstructs how myths about the Blue Jeans have constituted in different visual worlds (silent films, documentary photography, Hollywood films and youth subcultures) as well as in various consumer milieus in the USA and Western Europe since the end of the 19th century and how these myths have been transnationally transmitted and transformed.Schober, Anna (2001). Blue Jeans.
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For the purposes orphaned, homeless, and street children are trafficked both domestically and transnationally.2016 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor p. 1005-1006, U.S. Department of Labour, 2016 In the past the majority of prostitutes were girls from urban districts, but at present the prostitution among Ukrainian boys is becoming more noticeable. Nowadays, the most part of the Ukrainian children who provide sex services come from small towns and rural regions.
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The final failure of the Westphalian system that Strange notes is social failure. Strange suggests that the gap between rich and very poor countries is widening. However, the author feels as though the solution to this problem has already been suggested by Keynesian thinkers in the form of redistributive tax and welfare measures. Despite this, Strange also argues that enforcing Keynesian remedial policies transnationally would be "practically inconceivable" under the Westphalian system.
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He toured transnationally with his band, the Love Circle, which consisted mainly of family members. During his lifetime Lord Shorty fathered a total of 23 children. The Love Circle included his wife Claudette and sons Eldon, Sheldon and Isaac, who have gone on to record several highly infectious hits, including "Blessed are the Elders" and "To The Ceiling". His daughters, Marge, Nehilet and Avion Blackman, also have successful careers in recording and fashion design.
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This coincides with the Venezuelan government ceased work with the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The lack of law enforcement in Venezuela along with inadequate border control in both countries and insufficient coastline control in Brazil allows the drug trade to thrive in the two countries and neighboring countries. Brazil and Venezuela are capable of shipping cocaine transnationally to West and South Africa due to the lack of security in both continents.
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French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu views language, and more specifically multilingual skills, as a form of social and symbolic capital that follows speakers as they search for work and power both locally and transnationally. Bourdieu's views have been highly influential in study of language and power. He posits that by transforming social and symbolic capital into economic capital, the multilingual is at an advantage. In short, language is commodified for use in globalized society.
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Whilst there are significant constraints in human and financial resources, the CRC has attempted to raise the level of integration and consolidate its framework not only domestically but transnationally with the International Federation, ICRC, cooperation partners and NS's in the region and throughout the world. CRC has successfully implemented a three-year development plan (1998–2000); a second development plan - a five-year period was developed in 2001 and revised in 2002.
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In December 1905, true to his word, he himself was defeated by 2,692 votes. Long continued to distrust 'Birmingham & Co' as he called Chamberlain's struggle for a policy of Tariff recognition, which was already driving the party away from the Free Trade north. Nonetheless he continued to co-operate transnationally with conservative parties in Germany, such as Reichspartei right up until the second Moroccan crisis in 1911.with his colleague in the Anti-Socialist Union, Claude Lowther MP.
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The Report of the High Level Commission on the Indian Diaspora reviewed life in Israel for the Bene Israel community. It noted that the city of Beersheba in Southern Israel has the largest community of Bene Israel, with a sizable one in Ramla. They operate a new form of the joint family transnationally. Generally the first generation Bene Israel in Israel have not been politically active by choice and had modest means typical of many first generation arrivals in Israel.
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Iranian and Iraqi Kurds have modified the Perso-Arabic alphabet, and Turkish Kurds use a Latinized alphabet. This creates unity within modern political borders but strains relations and effective communications transnationally. This lack of unity in scripture parallels Kurdish cultural history, for isolated Kurdish mountain tribes were often nomadic and therefore had a very limited written tradition. After political changes in Iraq in the 1990s, however, Kurdish was increasingly used in the regional administration and education system, given their greater autonomy.
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Italy is a destination and transit country for women, children, and men trafficked transnationally for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor. Women and children are trafficked mainly from Nigeria, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Albania, and Ukraine but also from Russia, South America, North and East Africa, the Middle East, China, and Uzbekistan. Chinese men and women are trafficked to Italy for the purpose of forced labor. Roma children continue to be trafficked for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced begging.
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Coming about during postwar Japanese reconstruction, Gutai stressed freedom of expression with innovative materials and techniques. Gutai challenged imaginations to invent new notions of what art is with attention on the relationships between body, matter, time, and space. After the war, attitudes regarding cultural exchanging changed amongst nations as the art environment involved great optimism for global collaboration. Since artists were pursuing advances in contemporary art transnationally, the art environment of the time fostered thriving conditions for the Gutai group.
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Women and girls are trafficked for domestic servitude and sexual exploitation, including for sex tourism, within Senegal. Transnationally, boys are trafficked to Senegal from The Gambia, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, and Guinea for forced begging by religious teachers. Senegalese women and girls are trafficked to neighboring countries, the Middle East, and Europe for domestic servitude and possibly for sexual exploitation. Women and girls from other West African countries, particularly Liberia, Ghana, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria may be trafficked to Senegal for sexual exploitation, including for sex tourism."Senegal".
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The term superdiversity is used to refer to some current levels of population diversity that are significantly higher than before. Vertovec argues superdiversity in Britain "is distinguished by a dynamic interplay of variables among an increased number of new, small and scattered, multiple-origin, transnationally connected, socio-economically differentiated and legally stratified immigrants who have arrived over the last decade". It denotes increased diversity not only between immigrant and ethnic minority groups, but also within them. It has also been called the "diversification of diversity".
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Togolese boys are most commonly trafficked transnationally to work in agricultural labor in other African countries, primarily Nigeria, Ivory Coast, Gabon, and Benin, though some boys are also trafficked within the country for market labor. Beninese and Ghanaian children have also been trafficked to Togo. There have been reports of Togolese women and girls trafficked to Lebanon and Saudi Arabia, likely for domestic servitude and sexual exploitation. Togolese women may be trafficked to Europe, primarily to France and Germany, for domestic servitude and sexual exploitation.
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Suriname is principally a destination and transit country for men, women, and children trafficked transnationally for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor. It is also a source country for underage Surinamese girls, and increasingly boys, trafficked internally for sexual exploitation. Some of these children are trafficked into the sex trade surrounding gold mining camps in the country's interior. Foreign girls and women from Guyana, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Colombia are trafficked into Suriname for commercial sexual exploitation; some transit Suriname en route to Europe.
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The General Intelligence Service ( ; GIS or GID), often referred to as the Mukhabarat ( ) is an Egyptian intelligence agency responsible for providing national security intelligence, both domestically and transnationally, with a counter-terrorism focus.Sullivan and Jones (2008): 33 The GIS is part of the Egyptian intelligence community, together with the Office of Military Intelligence Services and Reconnaissance ( ) and National Security Agency ( ). In July 2013, General Mohammed Ahmed Fareed al-Tohami was appointed head of the Egyptian intelligence apparatus, replacing Mohamed Raafat Shehata, who was appointed by Mohamed Morsi in August 2012.
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The Eurohypothec can be defined as a "common mortgage for Europe"; that is, a common mortgage instrument to secure loans transnationally and European-wide. Another (but improper) way in calling it is "Euromortgage". It is currently a research project undertaken by several researchers European-wide. The Eurohypothec has appeared for the first time in an official document of the European Union in the Green Paper about the Mortgage Credit in the EU and has found a degree of acceptance among the European mortgage market stakeholders, scientific authors and authorities.
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Suriname is principally a destination and transit country for men, women, and children trafficked transnationally for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor. It is also a source country for underage Surinamese girls, and increasingly boys, trafficked internally for sexual exploitation. Some of these children are trafficked into the sex trade surrounding gold mining camps in the country’s interior. Foreign girls and women from Guyana, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Colombia are trafficked into Suriname for commercial sexual exploitation; some transit Suriname en route to Europe.
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Serbia is a source, transit, and destination country for women and girls trafficked transnationally and internally for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Foreign victims are trafficked to Serbia from Macedonia, Ukraine, Moldova, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Albania, and the People's Republic of China. Serbia is a transit country for victims trafficked from Bosnia, Croatia, and Slovenia and destined for Italy and other countries. Internal sex trafficking of Serbian women and girls continued to increase as of 2007, comprising more than three-fourths of trafficking cases in 2007.
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Being awarded four Fulbright fellowships—to Argentina, Uruguay, Peru, and Norway—has also enhanced his transnationally oriented focus. Other awards have included the Mary C. Turpie National Teaching Award in American Studies in 1997 and the Scholar-Teacher Award of Rutgers University in 2003. Rockland's book, Sarmiento's Travels in the United States in 1847 was chosen by The Washington Post as one of the "Fifty Best Books of the Year". Similarly, his novel, A Bliss Case, was chosen by The New York Times as one of the "Fifty Notable Books of the Year".
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With nearly 700,000 Rohingya fleeing Burma for Bangladesh since August 2017, Bangladesh is host to more than 1 million undocumented Rohingya, including hundreds of thousands who fled Burma in previous decades. The Rohingya community's stateless status and inability to work legally increases their vulnerability to human trafficking. Rohingya women and girls are reportedly recruited from refugee camps for domestic work in private homes, guest houses, or hotels and are instead subjected to sex trafficking. Rohingya girls are also reportedly transported within Bangladesh to Chittagong and Dhaka and transnationally to Kathmandu and Kolkata and subjected to sex trafficking.
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A European political party (formally, a political party at European level; informally a Europarty) is a type of political party organisation operating transnationally in Europe and in the institutions of the European Union. They are regulated and funded by the European Union and are usually made up of national parties, not individuals. Europarties have the exclusive right to campaign during the European elections and express themselves within the European Parliament by their affiliated political groups and their MEPs. Europarties, through coordination meetings with their affiliated heads of state and government, influence the decision-making process of the European Council.
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Furthermore, anti-miscegenation laws weren't established globally, problematizing the scope of this argument's relevance transnationally. Instead, the emergence and growth of multiracial populations can be more accurately attributed to global and transnational phenomenon such as changes in trade patterns and migration flows as a result of historical events, colonization, and or globalization. Additionally, the application of multiracialism, as well as the size of a nation's multiracial population, will be unique across societies. This can be attributed to the function of race as a social and political construct, one which was developed in order to more easily distribute resources and determine status within societies.
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If a khalifa does happen to bear governmental authority as a head of state, it is incidental and subsidiary in relation to his overall function as khalifa which is applicable to believers transnationally and not limited to one particular state. Ahmadi Muslims believe that God has assured them that this Caliphate will endure to the end of time, depending on their righteousness and faith in God. The Khalifa provides unity, security, moral direction and progress for the community. It is required that the Khalifa carry out his duties through consultation and taking into consideration the views of the members of the Shura (consultative body).
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In the article, Rubin advocates for the reform of the financial system in order to better protect against systemic risk and devastating crises in the future. Rubin says "the market-based model must be combined with strong and effective government, nationally and transnationally, to deal with critical challenges that markets won't adequately address." On January 9, 2009, Citigroup announced that Rubin had resigned as a senior adviser and would not seek re- election as a director of the corporation. Press reports noted that Rubin had drawn criticism for his role in the bank's recent problems that drove it to seek U.S. Government assistance after he received significant personal compensation.
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Founded at Bellagio, Italy in 2000, the International American Studies Association has held World Congresses at Leyden (2003), Ottawa (2005), Lisbon (2007), Beijing (2009), Rio de Janeiro (2011), The Sixth World Congress of IASA at Szczecin, Poland, 3–6 August 2013, and Alcalá de Henares, Madrid (2019). The IASA is the only worldwide, independent, non-governmental association for Americanists. Furthering the international exchange of ideas and information among scholars from all nations and various disciplines who study and teach America regionally, hemispherically, nationally, and transnationally, IASA is registered in The Netherlands as a non-profit, international, educational organization with members in more than forty countries around the world.
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His research on the political economy of corporate capitalism, social movements, social change, and critical social theory and method is informed by Marxist and post-Marxist theory, and especially the writings of Antonio Gramsci. Carroll produced major empirical work investigating the power and social organization of capitalist classes in Canada and transnationally. In parallel, he wrote extensively on Canadian and transnational social movements, with a focus on key institutions of knowledge production such as the media and alternative policy-planning groups. Over the years, his research has increasingly integrated environmental concerns, and his most recent project maps out the political power of the carbon extractive industry in Western Canada.
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In addition, trafficking occurs within Ukraine; men and women are trafficked within the country for the purposes of labor exploitation in the agriculture and service sectors, commercial sexual exploitation, and forced begging. Ukrainian children are trafficked both internally and transnationally for commercial sexual exploitation, forced begging, and involuntary servitude in the agriculture industry. An IOM survey released in December 2006 concluded that since 1991, approximately 117,000 Ukrainians had been forced into exploitative situations in Europe, the Middle East, and Russia. In 2008 the Government of Ukraine did not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it was making significant efforts to do so.
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Epistemic communities influence policy by providing knowledge to policy makers. Uncertainty plays a large role in an epistemic community's influence, because they hold the knowledge that policy makers need to create the wanted outcomes in policy. According to Robert Keohane they fill the absence of “a research program” [that shows] in particular studies that it can illuminate important issues in world politics,” (Adler/Haas 1992, 367). They can influence the setting of standards and the development of regulations as well as help coordinate structure of IR. The communities influence through communicative action; diffusing ideas nationally, transnationally, and internationally. An epistemic community’s scope of cooperation is directly linked to the comprehensiveness of their beliefs.
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Ukraine is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children trafficked transnationally for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor. Ukrainian women are trafficked to Russia, Poland, Turkey, China, the Czech Republic, the United Arab Emirates, Austria, Italy, Portugal, Germany, Greece, Israel, Spain, Lebanon, Hungary, Slovak Republic, Cyprus, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Serbia, Argentina, Norway, Iran, Bahrain and The United States. The majority of Ukrainian labor trafficking victims were men exploited in Russia, the Czech Republic and Poland, primarily forced to work as construction laborers, sailors, and factory and agriculture workers. There are indications Ukraine is a destination for people from neighboring countries trafficked for forced labor and sexual exploitation.
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Transnationally, Sierra Leonean women and children are trafficked to other West African countries, notably Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Nigeria, Guinea-Bissau, and The Gambia for the same purposes listed above and to North Africa, the Middle East, and Western Europe for domestic servitude and sexual exploitation. Sierra Leone is a destination country for children trafficked from Nigeria and possibly from Liberia and Guinea for forced begging, forced labor in mines and as porters, and for sexual exploitation. There have also been cases of children trafficked from refugee communities in Sierra Leone. The Government of Sierra Leone does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so, despite limited resources.
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In April 2012, an Arab version of the show, Coke Studio بالعربي was launched in the Middle East featuring performances by various Arabic and international music artists, produced by the songwriter Michel Elefteriades. Coke Studio has also been seen as an economic process of transnationalism and as a transnational television production, with its production systems being created and augmented by global flows of artists, technology, distribution and economics. Within this process, economic structures are created, opened and even reoriented; influences are borrowed and music produced; communities and heritage discovered and remained – this is done intellectually and physically, and more importantly, transnationally. On 1 November 2017, Atif Aslam's rendition of Sabri Brothers' qawwali "Tajdar-e- Haram" in CokeStudio8 crossed 100 million views on YouTube, becoming the first video originating in Pakistan to achieve the landmark record.
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However, instances of documented and perceived racism and heavy- handed policing by the native English population has led to many riots, most notably in 1958, 1981, 1985 and 2011. When Britain joined the EEC in 1973, migration from Western Europe increased. Migration from new EU member states in Central and Eastern Europe since 2004 has resulted in growth in these population groups. Sociologist Steven Vertovec argues that whereas "Britain's immigrant and ethnic minority population has conventionally been characterized by large, well-organized African-Caribbean and South Asian communities of citizens originally from Commonwealth countries or formerly colonial territories", more recently the level of diversity of the population has increased significantly, as a result of "an increased number of new, small and scattered, multiple-origin, transnationally connected, socio-economically differentiated and legally stratified immigrants".
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Many societies, including Chinese society, have traditionally endorsed kinship care. In particular, the practice of grandchildren being cared for by grandparents while the parents migrate for work has become widespread within China due to rural-urban migration. As increasing numbers of Chinese people immigrate to Western countries, many choose to continue this practice transnationally. According to a New York Times article from 1999, 10 to 20 percent of mothers at the New York Chinatown Health Center sent their children back to China, and up to half of all expectant mothers at a nearby clinic stated their intention to do the same. A 2009 study surveying pregnant and postpartum women at prenatal care workshops at a community health centre in New York’s Chinatown revealed that 57 percent of respondents intend to send newborns back to China, with 74 percent stating they plan to bring their children back after four years.
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Her perceptions of similarities between European Christians, and the potential converts in the New World were the upshots of a cloistered convent life, and largely non-existent experiences with other cultures; such seclusion allowed for an over-simplification of her ambition to spread God's word transnationally. According to Natalie Zemon Davis, the integrative approach towards Native interactions that developed from this mindset was dissimilar to the Jesuit's methods of establishing relationships in New France. Jesuits, adopted Native roles in the presence of First Nations peoples, but were quick to shed these association when outside the confines of their settlements; this double life made any fully integrative experience, or universal mindset impossible. Marie noticed that Native girls were in possession of commendable traits such as submissiveness, and conscientiousness, which would facilitate their adoption of Christian practices, and their commitment to a Christian marriage; the two pillars of a thorough, universalizing conversion.
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Especially in megacities, these reforms led to enormous influx of foreign direct investments, to intensive industrialization processes through international relocation of production locations and depending upon the location, partially to considerable expansion of the services sector with increasing demand for office space as well as to a reorientation of national support policies—with a not to be mistaken influence of transnationally acting conglomerates but also considerable transfer payments from overseas communities. In turn, these processes are flanked and intensified through, at times, massive migration movements of national and international migrants into the megacities (Baur et al. 2006). A deep gulf divides rich and poor in these cities, with usually contain a super-wealthy elite living in gated communities and large masses of people living in substandard housing with inadequate infrastructure and otherwise poor conditions.Shipra Narang Suri & Günther Taube, "Governance in Megacities: Experiences, Challenges and Implications for International Cooperation"; in Kraas et al.
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If a caliph does happen to bear governmental authority as a head of state, it is incidental and subsidiary in relation to his overall function as caliph which is applicable to believers transnationally and not limited to one particular state or political entity. The system of caliphate in Islam, thus understood, transcends national sovereignty and ethnic divide, forming a universal supra- national entity and the role of a caliph as the leader of the Muslim community, in such an understanding, surpasses that of a monarch. Because Muhammad became the head of state at Medina, the Rightly Guided successors after him also happened to be heads of state and – similar to the successors of Moses who led the Israelites after his death and, following the conquest of Canaan, gained control over a territory– functioned as political and military as well as religious leaders. Since Ghulam Ahmad, whom Ahmadis hold to be the promised Mahdi, was, like Jesus, not the head of a state, his successors after him – like the successors of Jesus did – function without attaching themselves to any state, seeking no political role and having no territorial ambition.
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