Back in 1963, Italian microbiologist Salvatore Bellini noticed these types of bacteria could orient themselves towards the North Pole—that is, they could sense magnetic fields to help them navigate their way to favorable low-oxygen environments.
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Length of day increases from the equator towards the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere in December (around the summer solstice there), but decreases towards the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere at the time of the northern winter solstice.
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Length of day increases from the equator towards the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere in June (around the summer solstice there), but decreases towards the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere at the time of the southern winter solstice.
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Russel, 1993, p. 694 Saturn's magnetic dipole is strictly aligned with its rotational axis, meaning that the field, uniquely, is highly axisymmetric.Russel, 1993, pp. 717–718 The dipole is slightly shifted (by 0.037 Rs) along Saturn's rotational axis towards the north pole.
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Image of a loxodrome, or rhumb line, spiraling towards the North Pole In navigation, a rhumb line, rhumb, () or loxodrome is an arc crossing all meridians of longitude at the same angle, that is, a path with constant bearing as measured relative to true or magnetic north.
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The party was attacked by a polar bear, and two sailors were killed.Beechey, F.W. " A Voyage Of Discovery Towards The North Pole, In The Majesty's Ships", 1843. Eventually, the expedition turned back upon discovering that unexpected weather had left the Kara Sea frozen. This expedition was largely considered to be a failure.
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The first research installation, a geophysical station at Kvadehuken, was established in 1920. The mining was soon unprofitable and was kept running through state subsidies. In the mid-1920s the town was used for a series of airship expeditions towards the North Pole. Mining operations shut down in 1929 and Kings Bay was nationalized.
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Krazy then sets off towards the North Pole to fulfill his friend's wish. On his journey to find Santa, Krazy enters what looks like a subway station in the city. He goes through a secret passage inside and eventually reaches the exit at the Arctic. He then tries to ask the locals for directions, starting with what he thinks is an Eskimo.
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Phipps was elected to Parliament in the 1768 general election as Member for the constituency of Lincoln. On 4 June 1773 Phipps set off from Deptford on a voyage towards the North Pole. He had two ships, the and the . Phipps took with him Dr Charles Irving as naturalist and doctor accompanied by Olaudah Equiano, and Israel Lyons (1739–1775) as astronomer.
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All these officers were from military backgrounds. Known as 'The Russian Polar Expedition', its aim was to explore well the area north of the New Siberian Islands and eventually sail towards the North Pole in order to find the elusive Sannikov Land. Kolomeitsev supervised the fitting out of the Zarya in Larvik, Norway. The expedition sailed from Saint Petersburg on 7 July 1900.
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Initially mining was carried out until 1929, but it was unprofitable for most of the 1920s. There were a series of air expeditions launched from Ny-Ålesund towards the North Pole. The company was nationalized in 1933 and the town was used for tourism and as a fishing port. Mining resumed for some months in 1941 and then from 1945.
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20, September 2000. Hurleyville, New York: The Frederick A. Cook Society (article posted online courtesy of the Elisha Kent Kane Historical Society). and was then elected, post-war, to the New York State Assembly. His book, The Open Polar Sea: A Narrative of a Voyage of Discovery towards the North Pole, in the Schooner United States, was published in 1867.
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All of the friends set off towards the North Pole. After some difficulties, including the loss of Tigger's mask, the group considers giving up, but Darby convinces them to keep going. They discover giant snowmen, who come to life and open the path to the North Pole. They return the sack to Santa, and he takes them all out in his sleigh to deliver presents.
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Roald Amundsen had landed his Airship Norge here for a few hours in 1926 on his way to towards the North Pole. The foundation of the mooring mast used by the airship can still be found. The idea of an airport was ultimately rejected in favor of an area for sports and related activities. Today Ekebergsletta is part of Oslo's biggest park system and is used primarily for sporting events.
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Rocks and sediments on Nunavik Peninsula are of Cretaceous and Paleocene origin,'Volcanic development in the Nuussuaq Basin, West Greenland', Lotte Melchior Larsen − in collaboration with Asger Ken Pedersen and Gunver Krarup Pedersen (Univ. Copenhagen) and Keld S. Dueholm (Techn. Univ. Copenhagen) with further layers deposited during the movement of Greenland towards the North Pole. Similarly to the Uummannaq area, ancient volcanic basalts are exposed throughout the peninsula.
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An expedition of 12 men and 104 dogs, led by Captain Umberto Cagni, departed towards the North Pole on 21February 1900, but returned two days later to make adjustments. The embarked again on 11March but the first detachment of three people failed to return to base camp and their fate remains unknown. The second party arrived at the base camp on 18April, reaching 86°34’N on 25April, a new record before returning on 23June.
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Because the east and west edges of townships, called "range lines", are meridians of longitude, they converge towards the North Pole. Therefore, the north edge of every township is slightly shorter than the south. Only along the baselines do townships have their nominal width from east to west. The two townships to the north of a baseline gradually narrow as one moves north, and the two to the south gradually widen as one moves south.
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In 1898, Prince Luigi Amedeo organized an expedition towards the North Pole and consulted the famous polar explorer Fridtjof Nansen that had sailed the furthest north with the Colin Archer-built polar ship in 1893–1896. In 1899 Amedeo acquired , a steam whaler of 570 tons. He renamed her Stella Polare and took her to Colin Archer's shipyard in Larvik, Norway. The interior was stripped out and beams, diagonals and knees heavily strengthened the ship.
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The three impact sites begin broadcasting an ear-piercing radio signal that cripples aircraft flying within latitudes immediately surrounding the impacts. Then, another larger object is detected moving towards the North Pole. The United States, despite protests from world leaders and scientists, orders several aircraft to intercept the object before it impacts with the earth and destroy it using nuclear weapons. This is successful, although all the aircraft are destroyed, apparently by a signal coming from the new object.
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Post-war, Hayes penned a book about his expedition days, The Open Polar Sea: A Narrative of a Voyage of Discovery towards the North Pole, in the Schooner United States.Drabelle, "Pointing the Way to the Pole." He then followed up with the publication of other work, including 1869's Cast Away in the Cold. On November 23, 1874, a reception was held in Hayes' honor at the Arcadian Club during which General Roy Stone spoke about Hayes' accomplishments.
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In July 1950, "T-2" was spotted about 300 miles south of the North Pole. About a week later "T-3" was spotted 300 miles east of the Soviet Wrangel Island as it drifted towards the North Pole. After studies and testing of proposed Ice Station research north of Point Barrow, in March 1952, a C-47 was landed successfully on T-3. During the 1950s, the Ice Station established there hosted joint military-civilian scientific parties during several lengthy occupations under "Project Icicle".
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Mohn (2003), 1. Shen discovered the concept of true north in terms of magnetic declination towards the north pole, with experimentation of suspended magnetic needles and "the improved meridian determined by Shen's [astronomical] measurement of the distance between the pole star and true north".Sivin (1995), III, 22. This was the decisive step in human history to make compasses more useful for navigation, and may have been a concept unknown in Europe for another four hundred years (evidence of German sundials made circa 1450 show markings similar to Chinese geomancer compasses in regard to declination).
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The Sleeper was the most powerful of five doomsday robots designed in Berlin by Nazi Germany as agents of destruction. After World War II, the Sleeper was entombed within a crypt that was sunk into the sea. The first three robots were activated by agents at a certain time in European villages, consisting of a giant human-like robot with blaster rays, a winged robot, and the 'brain', which resembled the Red Skull and was a powerful bomb. Despite Captain America and the personnel of a nearby US Army base's attempts to stop them, the robots combined and flew towards the North Pole.
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On December 7 2019 just before midnight, Mike Horn and Børge Ousland completed the first ever full crossing of the Arctic Ocean via the North Pole. The pair left from Nome, Alaska on August 28th 2019 on Mike Horn's exploration sailing vessel Pangaea captained by famous Swiss sailor Bernard Stamm and a small crew. The goal was to sail as far north as possible towards the North Pole, until solid ice prevented them from navigating any further. This position was reached on September 11th and would be Mike and Børge's departure point for their #NorthPoleCrossing expedition.
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Polymath geniuses—that is, people knowledgeable across an encyclopaedic range of topics—such as Shen Kuo (1031–1095) and Su Song (1020–1101) embodied the spirit of early empirical science and technology in the Song era. Shen is famous for discovering the concept of true north and magnetic declination towards the North Pole by calculating a more accurate measurement of the astronomical meridian, and fixing the calculated position of the pole star that had shifted over the centuries.Sivin, III, 22. This allowed sailors to navigate the seas more accurately with the magnetic needle compass, also first described by Shen.
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The Carcass was commanded by Skeffington Lutwidge, while one of her midshipmen was a young Horatio Nelson. They sailed beyond Svalbard to the Seven Islands, but were forced back by the ice and returned to Orford Ness on 17 September. During the voyage Phipps was the first modern European to describe the polar bear and the ivory gull, which were included in his A Voyage towards the North Pole undertaken ... 1773 (1774). Early descriptions of the characteristics of the polar bear in particular can be found in his voyage log book entries, dated 12 May 1773, and now kept in the British Library archives.
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In 1610 Poole was again sent to Bear Island to hunt walrus, as well as search for a passage towards the North Pole. He was given command of the 70-ton Amity, with a crew of fourteen men and a boy. He bypassed Bear Island altogether, sailing straight for Spitsbergen. While Barentsz had only spent a few weeks exploring Spitsbergen and Hudson less than a month, Poole spent nearly three months (May–August) exploring the west coast and hunting walrus, polar bear, and reindeer there. On 6 May he came within sight of a mountain on the south coast of Spitsbergen, which he named Muscovy Company’s Mount (modern Hornsundtind).
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The purpose of the expedition and the reason for purchasing the ship was the idea proposed by Andreas Peter Hovgaard that an undiscovered land mass existed north of the Taymyr Peninsula. The aim of the expedition was to find this land mass and follow the eastern coast towards the North Pole. The expedition was a contribution to the first International Polar Year and one of the goals was to join with the Dutch expedition led by Maurits Snellen, on the Norwegian polar ship Varna. Route of the Dijmphna expedition in the Kara Sea Dijmpna left Copenhagen on 18 July 1882, with provisions for 27 months, and two weeks later than Varna had left Amsterdam.
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In 1804, Sir John Barrow became Second Secretary of the Admiralty, a post he held until 1845. Barrow began pushing for the Royal Navy to find a Northwest Passage over the top of Canada and to navigate toward the North Pole, organising a major series of expeditions. Over those four decades, explorers including John Ross, David Buchan, William Edward Parry, Frederick William Beechey, James Clark Ross (nephew of John Ross), George Back, Peter Warren Dease, and Thomas Simpson led productive expeditions to the Canadian Arctic. Among these explorers was John Franklin, who first travelled to the region in 1818 as second-in-command of an expedition towards the North Pole in the ships Dorothea and Trent.
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In a long and detailed article on this matter published in Australiana November 2014 Vol 36 No. 4, John Hawkins details the association between these two men and the probability that this instrument is one and the same, the world's first pocket chronometer originally destined for Cook's second voyage, purchased by Banks and lent to Phipps. In 1773, Captain Phipps made a voyage to the North Pole, taking with him not only his Arnold pocket timekeeper and an Arnold box timekeeper in gimbals, but also Kendall's "K2" timekeeper. From Phipps's account, it appears that the pocket watch performed very well indeed and was a convenient instrument for ascertaining the longitude.Constantine John Phipps "A voyage towards the North Pole" London 1774.
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In 1900 she is elected vice-president of the Universal Union of Women's Congress for Peace. She was also a strong supporter of outdoor education, and in 1936 took part in the Second International Congress for Open Air Education, which took place in Belgium. Some sources incorrectly claim that Smaranda Gheorghiu was the first woman in the world to reach the North Pole. Considering that the first verified attainment of the North Pole by a human was not until 1926, this claim is obviously false and most likely appeared as a misunderstanding of the title of her 1932 volume O româncă spre Polul Nord (A Romanian Woman towards the North Pole), which details her 1902 travels through Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland.
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After completing her PhD in 1952, Almond had a job offer from Ferranti but instead began working on palaeomagnetism with Peter Stubbs and John Clegg in a group established by Professor Patrick Blackett. Their research on Late Triassic New Red Sandstone indicated that England had rotated 34° and moved towards the north pole over geological time and is regarded as playing an important role in convincing Earth scientists of the importance of palaeomagnetism in studying Earth history. The magnetometer, one of the pieces equipment used, required a large gold bar and Almond, who was dating and later married the technician (Jim) who transported the gold bar, would joke about hacking off a small piece for her wedding ring. Almond married around this time and moved, with Blackett, from the University of Manchester to Imperial College, London and stayed until 1954 when she left on a career break to have a children.
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The book remained a reference work for many years and was quoted among others by Constantine Phipps 1774 in "A Voyage towards the North Pole undertaken … 1773", Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre 1796 in "Études de la nature" and Bernard Germain de Lacépède 1804 in "Histoire naturelle des cétacés". In 1861 Swedish explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld named Martensøya, an island among the Sjuøyane in honor of Friderich Martens , Norwegian Polar Institute, geographical names The National Library of Finland at the University of Helsinki keeps an original copy of a Dutch edition printed in 1710, of which a digital copy is available., National Library of Finland, University of Helsinki In 2002 a reprint was released in Berlin., New edition In 2007 El Museo del Fin del Mundo (Usuahia, Argentina) based on a 1711 copy manuscript kept in its collection, published a Spanish translation of the book.
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In archaeology, this time frame coincides with the final stages of the Upper Paleolithic in many areas. The Younger Dryas was the most recent and longest of several interruptions to the gradual warming of the Earth's climate since the severe LGM, about 27,000 to 24,000 years BP. The change was relatively sudden, taking place in decades, and it resulted in a decline of temperatures in Greenland by 4 to 10 °C (7.2 to 18 °F) and advances of glaciers and drier conditions, over much of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. It is thought to have been caused by a decline in the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, which transports warm water from the Equator towards the North Pole, in turn thought to have been caused by an influx of fresh, cold water from North America to the Atlantic. The Younger Dryas was a period of climatic change, but the effects were complex and variable.
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