Ms. Winstead — killing it — burrows into pain and rage like a run-amok tap root while proving that women can be funny too.
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Most racers stuck around for the Monday night party at the Tap Root bar in Anchorage to celebrate, brag, complain and bond over what they accomplished and how they are probably crazy enough to try it again next year.
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The seeds often remain viable for months or even years within an undamaged gourd. One hectare of plants can produce 2.5 tons of seed. The plant forms a fleshy tap root which is used as a storage and overwintering structure. The central tap root can weigh up to .
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Leaf blade. 6. Internode. 7. Axillary bud. 8. Petiole. 9. Stem. 10. Node. 11. Tap root. 12. Root hairs. 13.
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A rare form from the volcanic plain (Woorndoo area) has a stocky, sometimes few-branched, but apparently perennial tap-root.
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It has a tap root, lateral and adventious roots. An extremely tough and hardy plant, it survives temperatures down to . It can live for about thirty years.
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Like other legumes, the roots of black medick contain nodules hosting nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Plants that survive for more than one year may develop a deep tap root.
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C. glandulosus The root of the Croton glandulosus can be characterized by a pungently fragrant tap root. The stem of the plant has stellate trichomes or hairs, small glands and stomata on it. The stem is slender, corymbosely branched or nearly simple and erects from a tap root. The leaves are alternate, and when they are young, they are oval-shaped but as they mature they become more lance-shaped and elliptical.
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They feed on the fleshy outer cortex of the main tap root of the host plant, always below ground. They are attended by many species of ants, including Monomorium minutum var. pallipes.
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New York, NY: Houston Mifflin Company The stem grows into a long deeply rooting tap root until it touches a piece of wood. This may grow up to 20 cm in length in some specimens.
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There are 4 stamens in each floret, and 1 notched long stigma. The fruit is nut like, cylindrical and hairy, 5–6 mm in size. It has a tap root. The stem has long stiff hairs angled downwards.
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The root is a branched tap root. The stem is aerial, erect, green, cylindrical and branched. The leaf is simple, with alternate phyllotaxy and is petiolate. The leaf shape is ovate, the tip is acute and margin is serrated.
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Polycarpaea spicata is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Distribution; North West of India, Arabia, Egypt, N. Australia. Annual herb, with woody tap root.
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Despite its antiquity, Rath Meave remains farmland in private ownership. Controversy was aroused in 2008 when the rath was planted with kale, a deep-growing vegetable with a long tap root. Its harvesting potentially damaged archaeological remains undiscovered on the rath.
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Leaves are opposite, linear or linear lanceolate . The root system has a well-developed tap root with few fibrous secondary roots. A large number of flowering shoots arise from the base of the plant. Flowers are numerous, small, and white.
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Portulaca intraterranea, the large pigweed, is a succulent herb native to deserts of central Australia. The leaves are succulent, with flowers 2.5-3.5 cm wide.Low,T., Wild Food Plants of Australia, 1988. Aborigines eat the thick tap-root which tastes like potato.
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The plant is salt-tolerant and cold-hardy. It prefers the full sun and well- drained soil. It spreads roots by putting out suckers but in coarse soil puts down a tap root. In dunes it is often partly buried in drifting sand.
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It is a perennial herb which has a slender tap root. Its stems are 1.5–3.0 mm in diameter and tend to lie down. It can be distinguished from Alternanthera sessilis by its narrower leaves, its keeled tepals, its shorter staminodes and style.
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This cactus consists of many small tubercles growing from a large tap root. They are usually solitary, rarely giving rise to side shoots from old areoles. The plant is greyish-green in color, sometimes taking on a yellowish tint with age. Its growth rate is extremely slow.
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Pygmaeocereus bylesianus has spherical to short cylindrical dark green shoots up to 8 cm long and 2 cm in diameter. The shoots branch from the base and form small pads. There is a fleshy tap root. The 12 to 14 ribs are initially notched and later divided into clear cusps.
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It is an erect, suberect or trailing, densely hairy, annual bush. The tap root produces a branched root system with smooth, rounded nodules. The pods are narrow, cylindrical and up to six cm long. The plant grows 30–100 cm with large hairy leaves and 4–6 cm seed pods.
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Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a tap root nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system.Thampan, P.K. (1981). Handbook on Coconut Palm. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. The root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface.
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University of Florida IFAS Extension, SP37 (1991):N. Web. 25 May 2013. After germinating, the roots progress into a tap root that grows vertically in the ground. The primary tissue of the apical meristems increases the length of the plant and the secondary roots of the lateral meristems give rise to the width.
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The roots are large, fleshy, and perennial, leading to a high survival rate due to the long tap root. The vine- like stems spread in all directions for a few meters looking for something over which to climb. If present, shrubs and herbs are preferred and climbed by means of auxiliary branching tendrils.
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The species of Grahamia vary from partially deciduous small shrubs with succulent leaves to perennial succulent herbs, but they all have a single tuberous tap root. The leaves are glabrous, except for the axils, and may be flat or cylindrical in shape. The inflorescences are grouped in 3-6 scapes or in loose terminal cymes.
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Leaves are lyrate-pinnatilobed, up to long, sometimes becoming purplish as they get old. One plant can produce several pink or purplish flower heads. The plant is erect and sparingly hairy, soft-stemmed, and grows to 20 to 70 cm high with a branch tap root. The leaf pattern is alternate with winged petioles.
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Root trainer pots A root trainer container is an aid to the cultivation of young plants and trees in nurseries. Many pot designs train the roots. One example is a truncated plastic cone in which a seedling is planted. There is a drainage hole at the bottom and the main tap root tends to grow towards this.
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Mandragora turcomanica is a perennial herbaceous plant with a thick, often branched tap- root. It has little or no stem, the leaves being arranged in a basal rosette. The lowest leaves are up to long by across (less in Iranian specimens), the upper leaves being smaller. The lower leaves are usually irregularly toothed towards the end, the upper leaves being entire.
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The species of Maurandya are either herbaceous perennials with fibrous roots or, in the case of M. wislizeni, an annual with a tap root. All are sprawlers or climbers, climbing by means of twining leaf stalks (petioles). The leaves are shaped like broad or narrow arrowheads, more rarely heart-shaped. The flower stalks (peduncles) grow upwards and bear solitary flowers.
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Plants may grow to about 20 metres in height and have a long root system with a deep tap root. The stalked, opposite leaves, which have a rough surface, are quite variable in shape. They may be triangular or ovate and the margins may be toothed, lobed or entire. Length is up to 20 cm and width is up to 6 cm.
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This naturally occurring coloured compound is found in tiny glands in the seed, leaf, stem, tap root bark, and root of the cotton plant. The adaptive function of the compound facilitates natural insect resistance. The three key steps of refining, bleaching, and deodorization in producing finished oil act to eliminate the gossypol level. Ferric chloride is often used to decolorize cotton seed oil.
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Stirlingia grows as a shrub or herb arising from a perennial tap root or woody root stock; the herbaceous nature of some species is unique to Stirlingia among the Proteaceae. They grow to heights ranging from 10 centimetres to 1.5 metres. Leaves are soft and leathery, and bifurcated along their length. They occur mostly on lower parts of the stems.
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It contains high amounts of protein and carbohydrates and yields abundant oil. The carbohydrates that are formed in the tap root have led to the idea of growing the plant for biofuel. The fruit is consumed by both humans and animals. When mature, a stage marked by increasing desiccation of vine, leaves, fruit-stem, and fruit, the fruit begins its final gourd stage.
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Only a few of the roots penetrate deep into the soil for stability. This type of root system is known as fibrous or adventitious, and is a characteristic of grass species. Other types of large trees produce a single downward-growing tap root with a number of feeder roots growing from it. 2,000-4,000 adventitious roots may grow, each about large.
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The vitality and regeneration of this Pinus ponderosa forest depends on ample seeds, adequate moisture, and a temperature of for germination and early survival. Once the seed germinates, it grows a tap root into the ground. This tree likes uneven aged stands and is shade intolerant. Management practices for the forest include group selection cutting and prescribed controlled burn fires.
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These religious practices, incorporated legally in the United States in 1920 as the Native American Church, has since spread as far as Saskatchewan, Canada. In traditional peyote preparations, the top of the cactus is cut off, leaving the large tap root along with a ring of green photosynthesizing area to grow new heads. These heads are then dried to make disc-shaped buttons.
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Meconopsis horridula is used for ornamental and horticultural purposes but considering the monocarpic nature of the plant, it is difficult to cultivate. It has been cultivated from 1904, mostly coming from China and Tibet. When cultivated, the basal leaves die and a dormant bud is left behind along with a tap root. The new saplings have few leaves and are vulnerable to strong winds.
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The pots should be tall and narrow to provide room for the taproot and to lessen the likelihood of root damage when transplanting. Transplanting juveniles is generally successful if the main root is left intact. The nikau does not have a true tap root. Once the main root has been established to a fairly shallow depth of about 400 mm, its roots take on form consistent with other palms.
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Streptomyces scabies can infect many plants, but is most commonly encountered causing disease on tuber and tap root crops. It causes common scab on potato (Solanum tuberosum), beet (Beta vulgaris), carrot (Daucus carota), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa), radish (Raphanus sativus), rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica) and turnip (Brassica rapa). It also inhibits the growth of the seedlings of both monocot and dicot plants. Potato varieties differ in their susceptibility to S. scabies.
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The entire plant above ground, including the flower petals, is covered with stinging hairs. The tap root can be used as an excellent potato substitute, tasting like pasta.EatTheWeeds.com As the common names imply, the urticating hairs on this plant contain a caustic irritant that inflicts a painful sting to those who contact it with bare skin. It can cause a painful, irritating rash and can cause more serious reactions with some people.
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Knotweed develops a deep tap root (it can be as deep as ), does well in compacted soil, and survives drought conditions. The numerous wiry stems grow out from the center of the plant giving it a mat-like appearance. The stems are very long and branching and grow in a zigzag form. The leaves are alternate, oblong, hairless, can be to inches (12 to 37 mm) long, and are bluish-green in color.
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The process of making sinki starts by allowing the radishes to wilt for a few days. Then the leafy tops are cut off and the radish tap-root sections are shredded. If there is a large amount of radishes to process, rather than shredding by hand, a dhiki is usually used to break them up. If the sinki will be made into a pickle after fermentation, instead of shredding, the radish is just cut up.
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The color of the roots is dark brown to red-brown. The roots are cylindrical, 10–25 cm long and 1–2.5 cm thick in diameter. Numerous lateral horsetail-like branched roots, which are nearly fusiform and 0.2–1 cm in diameter, sprout out from the main tap root. The externals of the roots are covered with horizontal protrusions, numerous scars of fine rootlets, and longitudinal wrinkles, which are about 1.5–3 cm in diameter.
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The structure of the root system, comprising a vertical tap root and multiple horizontal laterals, develops in the seedling's first year. Thereafter, the sinker and laterals continue to lengthen, and new laterals appear. There are only three to five laterals at first, but this number typically increases to eight to ten within ten years. During the first winter, there is a great deal of root system development, especially elongation of the sinker root, but almost no shoot growth.
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Thanks to the symbiosis with nitrogen fixing bacteria, white lupin doesn't need a nitrogen fertilisation, while it requires about 40 kg P2O5/ha and 60 kg K2O/ha. Fertilisations based on compost or composted manure are better than fresh manure. Thanks to its long tap root, white lupin can exploit well phosphorus reserves in the soil. The crop rotation for white lupin ideally lasts at least four, ideally five years and often lupin is grown after a cereal crop.
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BusyBox is used by several operating systems running on embedded systems and is an essential component of distributions such as OpenWrt, OpenEmbedded (including the Yocto Project) and Buildroot. The Sharp Zaurus utilizes BusyBox extensively for ordinary Unix- like tasks performed on the system's shell. BusyBox is also an essential component of VMware ESXi. It is necessary for several root applications on Android and is also preinstalled with some "1 Tap Root" solutions such as Kingo Root.
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Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a plant virus, transmitted by the plasmodiophorid Polymyxa betae. The BNYVV is a member of the genus BenyvirusTamada T (1999) Benyviruses. In: Webster R, Granoff A (eds) Encyclopedia of Virology, 2nd edt. Academic Press, New York, N.Y., pp 154–160 and is responsible for rhizomania, a disease of sugar beet (Rhizo: root; Mania: madness) that causes proliferation of thin rootlets, and leads to a smaller tap root with reduced sugar content.
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The first big flowering of rock (and specifically punk rock and alternative) was in the early 1980s with the arrival of Skate Death, and their contemporaries The Clyng-Onz and Psychedelic Skeletons. (source here) In the 1990s the alternative band the Drunk Poets influenced the Alaskan music scene. Anchorage is home to several over 21 and all ages venues including Chilkoot Charlie's, The Tap Root public house, and The Paddleboat Cafe. Wasilla also has a thriving night life with several venues to choose from.
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The boundary between the two species Mandragora autumnalis and Mandragora officinarum varies among authors, with some regarding them as the same species (see § Taxonomy below). Whatever distinction is used, plants of M. autumnalis are herbaceous perennials, with a large upright tap-root, often branched and sometimes shaped somewhat like a person. There is little or no stem, the leaves being borne in a basal rosette up to across. The flowers are clustered at the centre of the rosette, each with five sepals, five petals and five stamens.
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Billboard ranked the record as the No. 17 song of 1970.Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1970 It also reached No. 2 on both the Australian Singles Chart and the Irish Singles Chart. Its best performance was in New Zealand, where it stayed at No. 1 for five weeks at the end of the year.The official New Zealand music chart;RIANZ website The single version released by Uni Records was in mono, while the album version from Tap Root Manuscript was in stereo.
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Moods is the eighth studio album by Neil Diamond, released by Uni Records in 1972. It contained the second of his #1 songs, "Song Sung Blue", and was something of a follow-up in style to the highly experimental Tap Root Manuscript. Billboard praised Moods highly, saying it contained "brilliant, diversified material." This album, and its follow-up live album Hot August Night, are generally acknowledged to be the two most important recording projects of Diamond's career in terms of defining his signature sound for the future.
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Serpula himantioides is a fungal pathogen within the division Basidiomycota. It produces thin, resupinate (inverted), membranous fan-like basidiocarps that are brownish in color and appear as distinctive fruiting bodies on the exterior of the host. S. himantioides prefers the moist wood of coniferous hosts such as fir, larch, spruce, and pine. It is the causal agent of butt rot disease, the symptoms of which include rotting the heartwood at base of tree, as well as damage to the tap root and cores of lateral roots, but standing trees show no signs of infection.
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Alpaca manure is used to fertilize maca croplands Maca (Peruvian ginseng) seedlings usually emerge about one month after sowing with the onset of the rainy season in October. In the vegetative phase, until May to June, the lower part of the hypocotyl, as well as the upper part of the tap root, grows in size. After 260 to 280 days, it is formed to the harvestable hypocotyl. If the root is left in the soil, it is dormant for two to three months in the time of the cold, dry season until August.
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Both are poisonous and can be differentiated by differences in their root structure. Water hemlock has a branched root systems with tubules, while poison hemlock has a single tap root. Another reliable method to identify water hemlock is to examine the leaf veins. Water hemlock is unique in the family Apiaceae in that it has leaf veins which terminate in the notches between the leaf tips, rather than extend to the tip of the leaf, as is found in the leaf structure of other members of this family.
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Since ancient times white lupin was largely widespread in the Mediterranean region and in the Middle East, due to its soil amelioration properties and because it develops well on acidic soils. It tolerates a soil acidity up to pH = 6.5, while alkaline or organic soils aren’t suitable. The soil must be well drained and loose, because lupin is easily subject to root asphyxia. White lupin flourishes in the same climatic zones of maize, although lupin, except at the beginning of the growing season, requires little water, because it has a long tap root.
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The color of the cap surface is pale tan to dull chestnut brown in young specimens but darkens in age to become concentric zones (zonate) of various shades of brown. The surface is also finely fibrillose with tiny scales (squamules). There are 3 to 6 pores per millimeter on the underside; the pore surface bruises brown and black, helping to distinguish it from the similar species Grifola frondosa. Infection of a tree is often through a dead tap root, and decay is largely restricted to roots, and then mainly on the underside.
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These perform the same function as leaves but conserve moisture. As the clalodes are shed from the tree they form a dense mat around the base preventing other plants from becoming established and competing for moisture and nutrients. The roots have nodules that contain nitrogen fixing bacteria, which allows them to survive in sandy soils with low nutrient levels. In the first few years, the slow growing tree develops a fast growing tap-root that can reach a depth of over and can reach any sub-surface water.
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Petroselinum (parsley) is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to western and southern Europe and northern Africa.The Euro+Med Plantbase Project: Petroselinum They are bright green hairless biennial herbaceous plants, rarely annual plants. In the first year, they form a rosette of pinnate to tripinnate leaves and a tap root used as a food store over the winter. In the second year they grow a flowering stem up to 1 m tall with sparser leaves and umbels of white or pinkish to yellowish-green flowers.
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The Research Tower was added in 1950 to the Administration Building, and provides a vertical counterpoint to its horizontality. It is one of only two existing high-rise buildings by Wright. Cantilevered from a giant stack, the tower's floor slabs spread out like tree branches, providing for vertical segmentation of departments. Elevator and stairway channels run up the reinforced concrete core, which Wright called a tap root. This single core was based on an idea that he had proposed in 1929 for the St. Mark's Tower,"Frank Lloyd Wright: St. Mark's Tower project, New York, NY (Aerial perspective) 1927–1931", MoMA.
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Adaptation to the dry environment is key. For example, creosote bush and mesquite have tap-root systems that can extend down in order to take advantage of a year-round supply of ground water. The diversity of Death Valley's plant communities results partly from the region's location in a transition zone between the Mojave Desert, the Great Basin Desert and the Sonoran Desert. This location, combined with the great relief found within the park, supports vegetation typical of three biotic life zones: the lower Sonoran, the Canadian, and the arctic/alpine in portions of the Panamint Range.
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Erigeron robustior is a North American species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name White cushion fleabane or Willamette fleabane. It is native to the southwestern Oregon and northern California in the western United States.Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution mapCalflora taxon report, University of California, Erigeron robustior (Cronq.) Nesom, Willamette fleabane Erigeron robustior grows in rocky of gravely slopes, sometimes in serpentine soil. It is an perennial herb up to 55 centimeters (22 inches) tall, forming a thin tap root, not growing into colonies as do some of the other species in the genus.
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They are killed by 10 IU of the antibiotic penicillin G per ml, 25 μg of oleandomycin per ml, 20 μg of streptomycin per ml, 10 μg of thallous acetate per ml, 0.5 μg of crystal violet per ml, and 1,000 μg of phenol per ml. The lowest pH at which they will grow varies slightly between strains but is between 4 and 5.5. When it infects crops it causes corky lesions to form in the tuber or tap root. The lesions are typically brown, with a diameter of several millimetres but the size and colour can vary depending on environmental conditions.
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However, it has been noted in Central America that posts do not produce a tap root, only side roots, thus questioning the real value of wind protection as such fence posts would not be as sturdy as a true, naturally occurring sapling. Gumbo-limbo wood is suitable for light construction. It is rather brittle, though the trunk is used in Haiti to make drumsChristman 2004 and as firewood, and the tree's resin, called chibou, cachibou or gomartis, is used as glue, varnish and incense. The arils are an important source of food for birds, including many winter migrants from North America.
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Evidence from early Polynesian settler sites in New Zealand such as Wairau Bar and in coastal Otago Peninsula from about 1280 shows a significant number of large cooking pits or umu which were designed to cook ti-pore or various other species of Cordyline. The distinguishing feature of an umu-ti was its large size compared to a normal cooking earth oven. This was a common east Polynesian practice in the Cook Islands and Society Islands, and the remains of large umu have also been found in the Kermadec Islands. The long, carrot- shaped tap root was cooked in a large stone lined pit for between 1 and 2 days.
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Non-native plants can bring about significant changes in park ecosystems by altering the native plant communities and the processes that support them. Some non-native species may cause an increase in the fire frequency of an area or increase the available nitrogen in the soil that may allow more non-native plants to become established. Many non-native species, such as yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), are able to produce a long tap root that allows them to out- compete the native plants for available water. Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), common mullein (Verbascum thapsus), and Klamath weed (Hypericum perforatum) have been identified as noxious pests in Yosemite since the 1940s.
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Weeds can also prevent pest insects from finding a crop, because their presence disrupts the incidence of positive cues which pests use to locate their food. Weeds may also act as a "living mulch", providing ground cover that reduces moisture loss and prevents erosion. Weeds may also improve soil fertility; dandelions, for example, bring up nutrients like calcium and nitrogen from deep in the soil with their tap root, and clover hosts nitrogen-fixing bacteria in its roots, fertilizing the soil directly. The dandelion is also one of several species which break up hardpan in overly cultivated fields, helping crops grow deeper root systems.
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However, modern genetic studies have revealed that there are some cases where the haplotype in the mtDNA of modern Thoroughbreds, which should not mutate or alter, differs from the records in the General Stud Book, indicating that some female families contain deep rooted pedigree errors. which cites Many horses were inbred in the early years of Thoroughbred development, which increased the chances of early horses appearing in many pedigrees today. One example was Old Bald Peg placed in family 6, one of the earliest tap-root dams, having been foaled around 1635. Most, if not all modern Thoroughbreds trace their ancestry to her through one or both sides of their pedigree.
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"Cracklin' Rosie" is a song written and recorded by Neil Diamond in 1970, with instrumental backing by L.A. session musicians from the Wrecking Crew, including Hal Blaine on drums, Larry Knechtel on keyboards, Joe Osborn on bass, Al Casey on guitar and Gene Estes on percussion – arranged by Don Randi. The song was included on Diamond's album Tap Root Manuscript. In October 1970 the song became Diamond's first American No. 1 hit on The Billboard Hot 100, and his third to sell a million copies. It was his breakthrough single on the UK Singles Chart, reaching No. 3 for four weeks in November and December.
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They can grow at severe angles, and Native Americans used to bend saplings over so that they would grow at extreme angles, to serve as trail markers. The branches frequently support other plant species such as rounded clumps of ball moss (Tillandsia recurvata), thick drapings of Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides), resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides), and parasitic mistletoe. The southern live oak has a deep tap- root that anchors it when young and eventually develops into an extensive and widespread root system. This, along with its low center of gravity and other factors, makes the southern live oak extremely resistant to strong sustained winds, such as those seen in hurricanes.
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It is believed that the people from Benin Kingdom were settled at Ihenmwen and Ukhiodo, especially among the families that occupy the area of Ewu known as Idumigun quarters. The people are believed to have originated from Igun in Benin City. It is also traditionally believed, especially among the Aru Ose worshippers, that Ewu was indeed the original home and tap root, Eillu, of the Esan race being the ancient custodian of the Edion River (now in Agbede) and the Ihiala (ancient moat dug around Ewu). The Ewu kingdom is currently ruled by the Ojeifo dynasty, which traces its roots via Ekpebua to Ozaine, the first Onoje of Ewu, who was a viceroy of the Oba Ewuare of Benin.
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Many non-native species, such as yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis), are able to produce a long tap root that allows them to out-compete the native plants for available water. Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), common mullein (Verbascum thapsus), and Klamath weed (Hypericum perforatum) have been identified as noxious pests in Yosemite since the 1940s. Additional species that have been recognized more recently as aggressive and requiring control are yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis), sweet clover (Melilot spp.), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus), cut-leaved blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) and large periwinkle (Vinca major). Increasing ozone pollution is causing tissue damage to the massive giant sequoia trees in the park, making them more vulnerable to insect infestation and disease.
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Originally native to South America, the plant is now well established in many places around the world, including Australia, New Zealand, southwest France, Hawaii, California, and several other states in the United States. It is mainly found in parks and ovals, though it has also become an invasive species in lawns in the southeast USA, Australia and New Zealand. Bindi weed can be manually removed by pulling it out at the root, usually when it's grown big, and started to flower, and before seeding—especially after rain when the ground is softer. A hand tool that pinches the tap root and enables some leverage while getting in under the central core is the best method.
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It also furnished him with abundant subject-matter, and indeed Lockhart claimed that "In the text and notes of this early publication, we can now trace the primary incident, or broad outline of almost every romance, whether in verse or in prose" of his career as a creative writer. It has been shown that his novel Old Mortality, for example, derives its setting and much of its action, personnel and motivation from two Minstrelsy ballads, The Battle of Loudon Hill and The Battle of Bothwell Bridge. As the scholar H. J. C. Grierson wrote, the Minstrelsy was "the tap-root of Scott's later work as a poet and novelist". With the publication of the Minstrelsy, the ballad finally became a fashionable and respectable form, increasingly displacing the Burnsian type of lyric poem in literary favour.
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Much more pathological is the banksia longicorn beetle (Paroplites australis) which bores holes in the base of banksia plants which then weaken and fall or blow over with wind and die. Several species of fungus have been recorded growing on the foliage, including Acrospermum gaubae, Argopericonia elegans, Asterina systema-solare, Botryosphaeria banksiae, a species of Cladosporium, Cooksonomyces banksiae, Dimerium banksiae, Episphaerella banksiae, a Periconiella species, Satchmopsis australiensis, Tryssglobulus aspergilloides, and a species of Veronaea. All banksias have developed proteoid or cluster roots in response to the nutrient- poor conditions of Australian soils (particularly lacking in phosphorus). The root system of the suckering forms of Banksia marginata in Victoria and South Australia have a characteristic pattern with a deep tap root, and an extensive system of thick lateral roots below the surface.
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Slivers of fatwood, used for starting fires. Using fatwood lighters while working in Olaus Magnus' Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus 1555 Fatwood holder made of clay with fatwood stump, lower Rhine area, Germany, 18th or 19th century Holder for kindling stick, Källsjö parish, Halland – Nordiska museet, Stockholm Fatwood, also known as "fat lighter", "lighter wood", "rich lighter", "pine knot", "lighter knot", "heart pine" or "lighter'd", is derived from the heartwood of pine trees. The stump (and tap root) that is left in the ground after a tree has fallen or has been cut is the primary source of fatwood, as the resin-impregnated heartwood becomes hard and rot-resistant over time after the death of the main tree. Other locations, such as the joints where limbs intersect the trunk, can also be harvested.
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