Employers who identify themselves as Mumbai's native fishermen want the state government to legalize manual mining, arguing it does not harm the environment like suction pumps.
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In 2014, a group from neighboring Kottayam district was rowing into the Kannankara area at night to dredge up white clams – whose shells are used to manufacture industrial cement - 30 feet underwater, using powerful suction pumps.
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Although manually mined creek sand by cheap laborers plays second fiddle to the large quantities of sand extracted legally by suction pumps from rivers, it is in high demand in a nation of 1.3 billion people with fast growing cities.
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The predecessor to the vacuum pump was the suction pump. Dual-action suction pumps were found in the city of Pompeii. Arabic engineer Al-Jazari later described dual-action suction pumps as part of water-raising machines in the 13th century. He also said that a suction pump was used in siphons to discharge Greek fire.
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The motivation for the invention was to improve on the suction pumps that were used to raise water out of the mines. Torricelli constructed a sealed tube filled with mercury, set vertically into a basin of the same substance. The column of mercury fell downwards, leaving a Torricellian vacuum above.
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Torricelli's work led to first speculations about atmospheric pressure, and to the corollary invention of the mercury barometer (from the Greek word baros, meaning weight)--the principle of which was described as early as 1631 by René Descartes, although there is no evidence that Descartes ever built such an instrument. The barometer arose from the need to solve a theoretical and practical problem: a suction pump could only raise water up to a height of 10 metres (34 ft) (as recounted in Galileo's Two New Sciences). In the early 1600s, Torricelli's teacher, Galileo, argued that suction pumps were able to draw water from a well because of the "force of vacuum." This argument, however, failed to explain the fact that suction pumps could only raise water to a height of 10 metres.
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Recreational gold mining is popular along the Klamath and some of its tributaries, including the Salmon and the Trinity. Although simple methods such as panning are still used, some methods use suction pumps—a practice involving turning over deposits of sediment and spreading them in order to find gold. Debates over the practice, which opponents contend damage water quality (mercury) and fish habitat, continue. Currently, suction dredge mining is banned in California until 2016.
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The steam powered via the Robey, one huge three- cylinder Peter Brotherhood ammonia compressor, with water taken from Lake Lothing via triple acting brass suction pumps to cool the ammonia condenser coils. The factory moved from Riverside road to the main harbour in 1962 to facilitate better loading of ice to the trawler fleet. The ice company was renamed The Lowestoft Ice Company. It closed Ice production in 1988 after 100 years.
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Electrically operated pumps are used for several purposes in conjunction with a hand-held head connected by a tube. Suction pumps are used to suck away molten solder, leaving previously joined terminals disconnected. They are primarily used to release through-hole connections from a PCB. The desoldering head must be designed so that the extracted solder does not solidify so as to obstruct it, or enter the pump, and can be removed and discarded easily.
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While wealthier residents use suction pumps and storage tanks to improve supply, poorer residents suffer more from low pressure and intermittent supply. Water vendors are not effectively regulated in terms of service quality and prices charged. Obtaining water from private wells or hydrants involves queuing of up to two hours and costs of 15,000 Rupiahs (US$1.66) per month and family. Bottled water was also frequently bought at a cost of up to 85,000 Rupiahs (US$9.44) per month and family.
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Most treadle pumps used are of local manufacture, as they are simple and inexpensive to build. Standard treadle pumps are suction pumps, and were first developed in the early 1980s in Bangladesh. Most treadle pumps manufactured in Africa are pressure treadle pumps, a modification to the original design that means water is forced out of the pump under pressure. Pressure treadle pumps are more versatile as they allow farmers to pump water uphill, or over long distances, or fill elevated tanks.
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Bathurst in the years 1813 to the middle of the 18th century relied on water taken by hand from the nearby Macquarie River and from water wells sunk in the yards of businesses and residences. As the population continued to grow particularly during the Gold Rush the need for a piped water system to deliver clean water to houses and businesses became increasingly important. In 1885 work commenced on a pumping station and water collecting tunnels to obtain water from the Macquarrie River and to pump the water at pressure through a mains pipe system into the town. In 1916 the pumping plant at the Water Works was upgraded, the 30-year-old equipment was replaced with new gas powered suction pumps.
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Donald Routledge Hill, Mechanical Engineering) Student of Smolny Institute Catherine Molchanova with vacuum pump, by Dmitry Levitzky, 1776 By the 17th century, water pump designs had improved to the point that they produced measurable vacuums, but this was not immediately understood. What was known was that suction pumps could not pull water beyond a certain height: 18 Florentine yards according to a measurement taken around 1635, or about . This limit was a concern in irrigation projects, mine drainage, and decorative water fountains planned by the Duke of Tuscany, so the duke commissioned Galileo Galilei to investigate the problem. Galileo suggests incorrectly in his Two New Sciences (1638) that the column of a water pump will break of its own weight when the water has been lifted to 34 feet.
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In July 2011, she wrote an open letter to policemen, gendarmes and customs officers regarding illegal immigration, criticizing the "passivity and inactivity" of the UMP government and its "blind submissiveness to very questionable European injunctions". Denouncing a "sharp fall in deportations since the beginning of 2011 after a decrease of almost 5% in 2010", she claimed that "most of the detention centres are almost empty in 2011", and called for the deportation of all illegal immigrants in France to their country of origin. Le Pen supports repealing the law allowing the regularization of illegal immigrants. She calls for a "radical change of politics in order to drastically reduce upstream the influx of illegal immigrants towards France", meaning cutting the "suction pumps" of illegal immigration, such as the aide médicale d'Ėtat (AME), which grants free medical care to illegal immigrants.
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It is not possible to remove a multi-pin part by melting solder on the pins sequentially, as one joint will solidify as the next is melted; pumps and solder wick are among methods to remove solder from all joints, leaving the part free to be removed. Suction pumps are also used with a suction head appropriate for each part to pick up and remove tiny surface mount devices once solder has melted, and to place parts. Hot air pumps blow air hot enough to melt all the solder around a small surface mounted part, and can be used for soldering parts in place, and for desoldering followed by removal before the solder solidifies by a vacuum pump or with tweezers. Hot air has a tendency to oxidise metals; a non-oxidising gas, usually nitrogen, can be used instead of air, at increased cost of equipment and consumables.
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Hydrogen station pump A four pump dispenser at a petrol station in Finland. The dispenser shown here dispenses 95E10 and 98E5 petrol; diesel as well as low tax fuel oil dyed with Solvent Yellow 124 (indicated as "Polttoöljy"/"Brännolja"/"MPÖ"; primarily intended for non-road vehicles such as those used in the agricultural and construction sectors) A modern fuel dispenser is divided into two main parts -- an electronic "head" containing an embedded computer to control the action of the pump, drive the pump's displays, and communicate to an indoor sales system; and a mechanical section which (in a self-contained unit) has an electric motor, pumping unit, meters, pulsers and valves to physically pump and control the fuel flow. In some cases the actual pump may be sealed and immersed inside the fuel tanks on a site, in which case it is known as a submersible pump. In general, submersible solutions in Europe are installed in hotter countries, where suction pumps may have problems overcoming cavitation with warm fuels or when the distance from tank to pump is longer than a suction pump can manage.
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