104 Sentences With "stigmatisation" | Random Sentence Generator

Certainly, genocides are usually preceeded by stigmatisation and dehumanisation of the intended victims.

Symbole de cette stigmatisation, le boulevard périphérique qui encercle Paris, et qui fait office de frontière physique, sociale et ethnique.

Lemkin and later scholars conceived of genocide as a process, moving from stigmatisation and dehumanisation through violence and terror to eventual annihilation ("in whole or in part").

From investors' point of view, the firm's strategy is strongly reminiscent of the way in which Big Tobacco has coped with the stigmatisation of its unhealthy legacy product.

One drawback is that some groups, especially Roma, may prefer not to "out" themselves for fear of stigmatisation, and thus go undercounted, says Linda Supik, an ethnologist in Essen.

The U.N.'s children's agency UNICEF on Wednesday also said that fear of the virus was contributing to "unacceptable" discrimination against vulnerable people, including refugees and migrants, and it would "push pack against stigmatisation".

The programme is an "ingenious" use of vacant homes to address the "stigmatisation and discrimination single mothers experience in access to housing", said Leilani Farha, the United Nations special rapporteur on the right to adequate housing.

As the scholar Priscilla Wald writes in Contagious (2008), this stigmatisation 'is a form of isolating and containing a problem' as well as 'a means of restoring agency – which, as in the [rumours] of willful infectors, melts into intentionality'.

The absence of an effective policy response to the scale and severity of harms related to stimulant use, combined with the fear and stigmatisation of so-called problem users, has restricted the allocation of resources to reduce stimulant related harms.

Ce modèle a été malmené depuis, d'abord par la décolonisation et plus tard par des années de crise économique, la stigmatisation de particularismes culturels, l'individualisme forcené des nouvelles générations et la globalisation, qui a réduit les marges de manoeuvre de l'Etat.

One of five storytellers to speak on the theme of "Borders, Frontiers and Road Blocks" at the June edition of the Hakaya Storytelling Night in Beirut, Maram shared her feelings on the stigmatisation she faces growing up as a Palestinian refugee in Lebanon.

They also hung bras on the outer wall of the Shri Ram Centre for Performing Arts, where the performance took place, to protest the stigmatisation of women's undergarments.

As Newton demonstrates, les ably form convivial communities despite being herded by hegemonic governing structures. In fact, it is precisely these forces of stigmatisation and misrecognition that generate tactical, undetectable, thriving les communities.

The Church of Stigmatisation of Saint Francis () is a Catholic Church built in the mid-18th century, in the Baroque style, located in Buda, Budapest, in the immediate vicinity of the Batthyány tér square.

Stigmatisation and Absence of Nutrition in the Case of Therese Neumann (1898-1962). Nervenarzt 79 (7): 836-843.Regal, Brian (2009). Pseudoscience: A Critical Encyclopedia. Greenwood. pp. 154-155. Kluger, N; Cribier, B. (2013).

Crawford (2013), p. 173 The incubation period for AIDS is around 10 years, so a global epidemic starting in the early 1980s is credible.Weeks, p. 19 At this time there was much scapegoating and stigmatisation.

When this hand is obviously different and deformed, stigmatisation or rejection can occur. Sometimes, in families with cleft hand with good function, operations for cosmetic aspects are considered marginal and the families choose not to have surgery.

And in May 2020, Sweden had decided to shut down all Confucius Institute in the country, stating the Chinese government's meddling in education affairs. Some Chinese in Sweden have also reported increased stigmatisation during the coronavirus outbreak.

They seek to challenge the stigmatisation and discrimination of people with experience of mental distress and raise public awareness of this vital sector. In March 2011 Daily Life Ltd became part of Arts Council England’s National Portfolio.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons in Cameroon face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Both male and female same- sex sexual activity is illegal in Cameroon and LGBT persons face stigmatisation among the broader population.

She is also known to have been running workshops in partnership with the KZN Albinism Society of South Africa to increase awareness and understanding about the genetic skin and eye condition and to fight against discrimination and stigmatisation of people with albinism.

16 There may be concerns as to whether the family will accept the child after they have been a soldier. In Uganda this acceptance was assisted through the use of cleansing ceremonies, which assisted in the removal of community stigmatisation by "decontaminating" the child.

Georgia has a high rate of STIs, especially near the Turkish border. Although UNAIDS report high condom use between sex workers and clients (95.4%), sex workers are a high risk group. Infections are usually transferred during violent attacks by clients. Stigmatisation prevents some sex workers accessing healthcare.

The time of onset also plays a role in the stigmatisation of schizophrenia. Women tend to be diagnosed with schizophrenia later in life, oftentimes following the birth of their children. The children are often removed from the care of the ill mother, which may cause further distress.

During World War I, Lhermitte studied spinal injuries and became interested in neuropsychiatry. This led to publications on visual hallucinations of the self. A deeply religious man, he explored the common territory between theology and medicine, and this led him to interesting studies on demoniacal possession and stigmatisation.

Yet, in practice, roughly 30% of all cases are settled through the use of a transaction, with prosecutorial guidelines established to minimise arbitrariness.Tak, Peter, J. (2001) Sentencing and Punishment in The Netherlands, p. 157\. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Transactions provide an opportunity for offenders to forgo the stigmatisation that results from the more traditional disposition of cases.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) persons in Burundi face legal issues not experienced by non-LGBT citizens. Burundi criminalises same-sex sexual activity by both men and women, with a penalty up to two years in prison and a fine. LGBT persons are regularly prosecuted by the government and additionally face stigmatisation among the broader population.

The organisation was founded after the publication of the second of two social surveys on attitudes towards mental illnesses and people who experience them conducted by Matthias Claus Angermeyer in Germany in 1990 and 2000. At the time, psychiatrists as well as initiatives by people with mental health issues and their relatives were leading a global debate on how to fight stigmatisation, prejudices and discrimination against people with mental health problems. It was against this background that the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), in 1996 started the global programme Open the Doors aimed at fighting stigmatisation and discrimination against people with mental health issues. Under the slogan “Mental Health: Stop Exclusion – Dare to Care”, the World Health Organisation (WHO) dedicated the World Health Day to the theme of mental health for the first time in 2001.

Girls report significantly higher rates of rape and sexual abuse during a conflict and are, therefore, confronted with unique, gender-specific challenges. They often face stronger stigmatisation on their return to the community since they are often considered tainted by sexual relationships that occurred outside of marriage. They are often ostracised upon return, ridiculed, verbally and physically attacked and prohibited from marrying.

Retrieved 18 February 2014. "We refuse to renounce our critical spirit out of fear of being accused of "Islamophobia", a wretched concept that confuses criticism of Islam as a religion and stigmatisation of those who believe in it." Rushdie added in 2012 that 'Islamophobia' "took the language of analysis, reason and dispute, and stood it on its head".Rushdie, Salman (2012).

Weight-related stigma can be characterized by the following aspects: # An individual does not have to be overweight or obese to experience weight-related stigma. # Studies have indicated that experiencing weight stigma may perpetuate the associated behaviors. This suggests that being subjected to weight-related stigma, may exacerbate the targeted condition. # Many groups who are subjected to stigmatisation tend to be minorities.

Thomas Duncan Greenlees FRSE (29 September 1858Scotland, Select Births and Baptisms, 1564-1950 – 22 January 1929) was a Scottish psychiatrist who had a strong association with South Africa. He headed the Medical Association of South Africa for many years and was Inspector of Asylums for the Cape of Good Hope. He did much to promote the de-stigmatisation of insanity.

Though colour and race are used interchangeably, they remain independent grounds for discrimination. Individuals living with albinism should be protected against unfair discrimination on the basis of their race as well as their skin tone. Individuals living with albinism are exposed to discrimination, stigmatisation and prejudice based on their colour as well as their race. Skin tone discrimination may be interracial or it can be intraracial.

Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisbon Presentation of Christ in the Temple is a small 1445 painting by the German artist Stefan Lochner, now in the Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisbon. It was once the wing of a diptych, the opposite, now separated, panel was a depiction of the Nativity. Its reverse shows the Stigmatisation of St. Francis.Chapuis, 267 The panel is dedicated to St. Catherine and shows the purification of the Virgin.

U.S. Ambassador to Eswatini Lisa J. Peterson attended the march. Rock of Hope is an LGBT advocacy group, which seeks to raise awareness of the discrimination and stigmatisation faced by members of the LGBT community, to prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS and to promote acceptance of LGBT people by society and by themselves. It was founded in 2012. It is also active in undertaking charity works in local communities.

Due to ongoing stigmatisation, the use of the language declined in the decades following the Second World War. It was considered an inappropriate way of speaking, and thought to hinder children's language learning abilities and diminish their future prospects. Due to a general rise in regional pride, interests in preserving and promoting the language have risen, resulting in dialect writing competitions, teaching materials, festivals, and other culturally engaging projects.

The Rampenloch, which used to lie outside the city limits, has always been considered a disreputable place that was avoided by the population. In the Middle Ages there was a cemetery for women who had been sentenced to death for child murder. Child murder was relatively widespread at the time, because of the stigmatisation and rejection by society of unmarried mothers. The death penalty was applied for infanticide.

Finally, the emerged culture of violence also started feeding itself. The model that Mr. Kallio used for the first time in his thesis in 1982 has also been called the youth rebellion theory. Its main sources include court minutes and document material from local archives. The theory approaches the stigmatisation theory that the internationally known sociologist, Mr. Anthony Giddens, considers to be one of the most important criminal theories.

This artistic collaboration yielded the posse cut "Self Destruction", a protest song decrying black-on-black violence and media stigmatisation of all hip hop as violent. Unusually, Wise was featured not as a human percussionist, but as a vocalist, sharing his verse with Daddy-O. Released in 1989, the single reached #75 in the US Top 40. Wise has also participated in a few commercials in which he lends his beatbox sounds.

She administered Polio vaccine to children as part of the trip. As a celebrity ambassador for the British Red Cross,Profile British Red Cross Huq appeared in the 2009 video "If I had HIV, would you kiss me?" which was part of a campaign against the stigmatisation of people living with HIV and AIDS. She was an ambassador for Gold Challenge, part of the official mass participation legacy programme for the London 2012 Olympic Games.

Critics of the study of male infertility crisis have cited research that has in part led to the stigmatization of men. The infertility crisis has become conflated with other health-related matters particularly with mental health with the potential of trauma and worthlessness. Spillover effects into society to male vulnerability and perceived threats to male status. Direct evidence that supports claims of stigmatisation caused by men experiencing the fertility crisis is lacking, however.

The highest rate of female suicide is found in South Korea at 22 per 100,000, with high rates in South-East Asia and the Western Pacific generally. A number of reviews have found an increased risk of suicide among transgender, lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. Among transgender persons, rates of attempted suicide are about 40% compared to a general population rate of 5%. This is believed to in part be due to social stigmatisation.

Girls report significantly higher rates of rape and sexual abuse during a conflict and are, therefore, confronted with unique, gender-specific challenges. They often face stronger stigmatisation on their return to the community since they are often considered tainted by sexual relationships that occurred outside of marriage. They are often ostracised upon return, ridiculed, verbally and physically attacked and prohibited from marrying. Between 1990 and 2002, female soldiers were involved in internal armed conflicts in 36 countries.

Some ex-RUF children have evaded the DDR process because they fear that they will be criminally prosecuted for their involvements with the atrocities committed by the RUF and be victims to the negative stigmatisation attached to their actions. Where children avoid assistance they are often left with no newly acquired skills or financial benefits and are forced to support themselves. Often these individuals become involved with commercial sex labour, crime and drug exploitation to ensure survival.

Among non-cis people, Gerdes argues that homonormativity functions to selectively relegate identities and behaviours into sanctioned acts and ideals. Rubin states that the replication of heterosexual norms - monogamy, white-privilege, gender binary - contribute to the stigmatisation and marginalisation of perceived deviant forms of sexuality and gender. In the 1990s, transgender activists deployed the term "homonormative" in reference to intracommunity discrimination that saw an imposition of gay and lesbian norms over the concerns of transgender people.Stryker, Susan. 2008.

Gaming disorder has been considered by the DSM-5 task force as warranting further study (as the subset internet gaming disorder), and was included in the ICD-11. Concerns have been raised by Aarseth and colleagues over this inclusion, particularly in regard to stigmatisation of heavy gamers. Christakis has asserted that internet addiction may be "a 21st century epidemic". In 2018, he commented that childhood Internet overuse may be a form of "uncontrolled experiment[s] on [...] children".

Nigerian women and children get sexually assaulted every day and do not speak up about it due to fear of stigmatisation and prejudice. Official silence seems to surround sexual abuse of women in Nigeria, with the police frequently not taking sexual abuse reports seriously. As a result, men, who are often the perpetrators of sexual abuse go unchallenged, and unpunished owing to factors such as culture and popular beliefs. The custom of victim blaming is evident in testimonies rape and sexual abuse survivors.

This may take 1–5 years, and once the debt is paid off they are free to leave. Due to stigmatisation outside the brothel area many choose to stay. One study found over 50% of the prostitutes were in debt, or had been in debt, to a madam. In order to take up prostitution as a profession, a woman must submit an affidavit stating that they have chosen prostitution as their profession by choice and that they are unable to find another occupation.

Evelyn Blackwood and Saskia E. Wieringa (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), 142. Like Vietnamese les, Indonesian lesbi (another locally preferred precedent to ‘lesbian’) avoid stigmatisation by adopting fluid sexual presentations in order to ‘pass’ as heterosexual males or females. However, Indonesian lesbi tactical kinship formations are created in response to frameworks of hegemonic religion, which, according to research material, is not a predominant concern for Vietnam's les. Strategies of anonymity and concealment are also evident in other examples of les community formation.

As in many other countries, debates on the nature and regulation of transactional sex are highly polarized. These positions are the familiar ones that define sex work as violence against women on the one hand, and those who see the problem as stigmatisation and poor working conditions on the other. These result in proposals for either the eradication of prostitution, or social reforms. The dominant abolitionist faction consists of Catholics, family values advocates and sections within feminism and the left.

During the First Gulf War, there were a number of racist attacks, in some cases including violence against Arabs and Muslims, including Muslim property; Arab-owned shops were looted and vandalised and Islamic institutions received bomb threats. People with the surname "Hussein" received harassment calls. The Muslim community also dealt with stigmatisation as a result of ASIO's anti- terror efforts. The Australian media had reported that based on ASIO intelligence, New South Wales would be the target of a terrorist attack.

After the end of the war, the Charles de Gaulle government cleaned up the French Penal Code, principally getting rid of the anti-Semitic laws. The article against homosexual relations between adults and minors, however, remained in force until 1982. The anti- homosexual atmosphere of the 1940s–1960s meant that for the returning victims, the possibility of telling their story was thwarted by the fear of further stigmatisation. In his book, Seel also notes an increase of anti-homosexual attacks in Mulhouse, after the war.

Waheed's poems have also been quoted and praised by celebrities and actors such as Khloe Kardashian,"Decoding Khloe Kardashian: Her History of Shutting It Down and Dispensing Wisdom on Social Media" by Natalie Finn. E! News, May 30, 2016. Meghan Markle,"Meghan Markle writes about stigmatisation of girls for having their periods in article to mark International Women's Day" by Harriet Alexander, The Telegraph, March 8, 2017. and Rowan Blanchard,"Rowan Blanchard on Women’s March Speech and Intersectional Feminism" by Crissy Milazzo, Teen Vogue, January 23, 2017.

Santa Anne, Matthias Church and Church of Stigmatisation The Saint Anne Parish of Upper Watertown () is a Roman Catholic parish church located in the Várkerület district (Buda Castle district), Budapest. The Saint Anne Parish Church of Upper Watertown, often used by its short name, St. Anne's Church, is one of the most significant buildings of the Batthyány tér. Its construction was started in 1740 according to the plans of master builder Kristóf Hamon, and after his death, Máté Nöpauer completed the building in 1761.

YouTorrent was a BitTorrent search engine which allowed parallel searches on different torrent search engines. As of April 14, 2008, YouTorrent changed from searching all torrent sites to only sites which provide licensed, certified content. This change angered many users and caused most of them to leave the site. As of 4 April 2013, YouTorrent shut down its services stating "The stigmatisation of the word torrent proved a hurdle that was too hard to overcome when trying to build a legitimate and legal platform." and introduced a new platform called Clowdy.

The construction of the Narrenturm points to a new attitude towards the mentally ill – they began to be distinguished from the rest of society, and not simply classified among the general category of "the poor". Each cell had strong, barred doors as well as chains for restraining inmates. With its barracks-like appearance, the tower was a visible expression of the segregation, stigmatisation and criminalisation of socially deviant forms of behaviour. By the late 1790s the tower had been made fully obsolete by changes in the way psychiatric patients were treated.

In the twenty first century, Arbanasi self identify as Croats or Arbanas Croats and do not want their community associated with the officially recognised Albanian minority of Croatia. Arbanasi Albanian, once spoken by much of the community and served as a significant identity marker has nearly disappeared, due to the historical and political stigmatisation of Albanian in the former Yugoslavia and the recent period of globalisation. In independent Croatia, for some years the language did not receive encouragement until the 2010s. In modern times about 4000 Arbanasi remain in Croatia.

While trade in sex was frowned upon in ancient India, it was tolerated and regulated so as to reduce the damage that it could do. Unfortunately, however, the stigmatisation that has arisen in modern times has left the many poor sex workers with problems of exploitation and rampant infection, including AIDS, and worse, it has allowed a huge people-trafficking industry, like that of Eastern Europe, to take hold. Many poor young women are kidnapped from villages and sold into sexual slavery. There have been some recent efforts to regulate the Indian sex industry.

In 2013, Shabi won the International Media Awards' Cutting Edge Media award. In September 2017, Iain Dale placed Shabi at No. 30 on his list of 'The 100 Most Influential People on the Left', up sixty places on his previous listing, noting that, "Omnipresent on our screens, the redoubtable Shabi is one of the few Corbyn supporting commentators to be taken seriously by the media. Thoughtful and fluent, she deserves her massive rise in this year's list." Shabi identifies as an Arab Jew and has lamented the stigmatisation of Arab-Jewish culture in Israel.

She asked individuals walking by her home if they were Puerto Ricans if they were, she invited them into her home and took their photo against a black backdrop. She used these photos to deconstruct the stereotypical image of Puerto Ricans and to highlight diversity, embrace their subjects' individuality and remove stigmatisation among the Puerto Rican community. Six pieces from this series were presented at the Yanke Stadium on December 14, 1989, in an exhibition titled Revelations: A Latino Portfolio. Subsequently, 36 of the fifty photographs were destroyed in studio fire.

Furthermore, in certain societies, due to stigmatisation based on cultural and religious settings, single mothers may fear questions of paternity during notification through chief or community agents. On the supply side, challenges often involve different, and often conflicting, legal frameworks various stakeholders (health institution, civil registry, statistics agency), and as a result, many countries with "burdensome procedures and non-standardized systems across a country, leading to confusion regarding what individuals need to do or present." Other challenges include accessibility of remote areas and also irregular migration caused by civil conflicts and porous borders.

The quality of his landscapes is already clear in Bernardino Fungai's earliest recorded work dated to 1495-97, a Stigmatisation of St Catherine in the Santuario Cateriniano at Fontebranda. The composition reveals a panorama of graceful buildings, gentle hills and tall trees with an extensive sea in the back enlivened with small boats. The contrast in the composition between the solid, hard-edged and hieratic figures of the main scene and the small background and predella figures with dancelike poses and freely moving drapery is also typical of his style.

The Manx language, which is very similar to Irish, has undergone a major revival in recent years, despite the language being so rarely used that it was even mislabelled as extinct by a United Nations report as recently as 2009. The decline of the language on the island was primarily as a result of stigmatisation and high levels of emigration to England. There are now primary schools teaching in the medium of Manx Gaelic, after efforts mainly modelled on the Irish system. The efforts have been widely praised, with further developments such as using technology to teach the language being put into place.

Human Rights Watch criticized Dutch legislation that it said violated Turks' rights. In a report on the Netherlands in 2008, the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance wrote that the Turkish minority had been particularly affected by "stigmatisation of and discrimination against members of minority groups". The report also noted that "the tone of Dutch political and public debate around integration and other issues relevant to ethnic minorities has experienced a dramatic deterioration". According to the European Network Against Racism, an international organisation supported by the European Commission, half of all Turks in the Netherlands report having experienced racial discrimination.

The centre provides children with a home until they can be reunited with their families or, where that is not possible, until they are adopted into a family. Based on the same principle, the centre acts a mediator in family disputes and provides support to single mothers that are faced with rejection and stigmatisation from their communities. At a regional level, Ms Karadja contributed to the creation of a network of North African organisations, representing six African countries. The main purpose of the network is to create a common platform for early-warning mechanisms and conflict resolution.

During the boom of interest in linguistic diversity during the 19th century, a number of efforts were made to create vocabularies, grammars, and collections of axioms, folk tales, and literature. The first dictionary was compiled in 1901 by Gaspare Ungarelli, who also attempted to create a writing system using the Italian alphabet. A period of stigmatisation followed in the 20th century, where children were punished for speaking the dialect in school, as it was considered to be a sign of poor education and etiquette. In 1964, Alberto Menarini proposed an alphabet with many of the same letters still used.

The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in 2012 said that "discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression is widespread throughout Jamaica, and ... discrimination against those in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and intersex ... communities is entrenched in Jamaican State institutions. Those who are not heterosexual or cisgender face political and legal stigmatisation, police violence, an inability to access the justice system, as well as intimidation, violence, and pressure in their homes and communities." Human Rights Watch said in 2012 that because of homophobia, "human rights defenders advocating the rights of LGBT people are not safe in Jamaica".

Subsequently named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, infections with the virus caused a pandemic with a case fatality rate of around 2% in healthy people under the age of 50, to around 15% in those aged over 80 particularly those with pre-existing comorbidities. As of , the fatality rate is lower than SARS but the infection is more contagious. Measures to curtail the impact of the pandemic were hampered by fear and prejudice and stigmatisation of infected people. Unprecedented restrictions in peacetime have been placed on international travel, and curfews imposed in several major cities worldwide.

Participants at the third International Intersex Forum, Malta, in December 2013 Intersex people are born with sex characteristics, such as chromosomes, gonads, or genitals, that, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies." Intersex people face stigmatisation and discrimination from birth, particularly when an intersex variation is visible. In some countries (particularly in Africa and Asia) this may include infanticide, abandonment and the stigmatization of families. Mothers in East Africa may be accused of witchcraft, and the birth of an intersex child may be described as a curse.

Those who returned home were also physically and spiritually broken. Moreover, they were considered by the authorities to have "questionable loyalty", and were therefore discriminated against and deprived of many of their citizenship rights. Ostarbeiter suffered from state- sanctioned stigmatisation, with special references in their passports (and the passports of their children and relatives) mentioning their time in Germany during the war. As a result, many jobs were off-limits to anyone unlucky enough to carry such a status, and during periods of repression former slave labourers would often be ostracised by the wider Soviet community.

The increasing and expanding usage of the Internet has aided LGBT individuals in Hong Kong to engage in interactions and discussions on social media platforms, giving the stigmatised groups a free space to express self-identities. Online communities are shown to play a great part in forming self-confidence and self-acceptance through others' assistance. The internet also serve as a mean to give community support, facilitate wider debates on various topics, and explore sexual and gender identities. Through joining online communities, LGBT members can find methods to cope with outer stigmatisation, discrimination, and lack of emotional support.

During her stint as Secretary she also worked on policies aimed at eradicating AIDS, drug abuse and human trafficking in India proactively over the next decade through massive education, de-stigmatisation, drug rehabilitation and societal integration programs. During her term, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment was also responsible for a paradigm shift in laws relating to reservation and preservation of equality in the country, with a shift in focus to economically weaker sections, pushing through a constitutional amendment to guarantee the reservation of 10% of public sector quotas for economically weaker sections of society.

However, because all populations are genetically diverse, and because there is a complex relation between ancestry, genetic makeup and phenotype, and because racial categories are based on subjective evaluations of the traits, there is no specific gene that can be used to determine a person's race. Some genetic variants that contribute to the risk of complex diseases are differently distributed among human populations. It is debated whether self-identified race ought to be used by medical practitioners as a proxy for the probability that an individual possesses risk-related variants. Such practice may result in false attribution of causality, stigmatisation of high-risk populations, or underestimation of risk for other populations.

In a five-part column published in the Ho Chi Minh City's Police paper from December 1988 to August 1989, Ms. Ngoc Ha murders her ex-girlfriend in a fit of rage after she breaks up with her.Tran, “Epistemology,” 30-1. Recalling Tran's analysis of the ‘gender-crossing’ discourse around Vietnamese homosexualities, the author concludes that parents who dress their girls as boys and vice versa will result in them growing up to commit murder like Ms. Ngoc Ha.Tran, “Epistemology,” 31. Despite the predominant stigmatisation of les and queer people in Vietnamese media, there have been a few notable examples of more positive or nuanced media representations.

The Rural description given above is moving nowadays with two opposite trends. On the one hand, urbanisation gives a strong influence power to urban dialects. As a result, villagers may adopt them at least in part, and Beduin maintain a two-dialect practice. On the other hand, the individualisation that comes with urbanisation make people feel more free to choose the way they speak than before, and in the same way as some will use typical Egyptian or Lebanese features as [le:] for [le:ʃ], others may use typical rural features such as the rural realisation [kˤ] of ق as a pride reaction against the stigmatisation of this pronunciation.

The evolution of the 'classic' pub and the women's roles in the pub developed concurrently in the mid-19th century, when the term "barmaid" first came into common usage. Barmaids, like many other working women, had to fight against the 'traditional' gender challenges of lower pay rates and social stigmatisation. Unlike other classes of working women, such as domestic servants and shop staff, barmaids were often stigmatised and shunned. This discrimination was exacerbated by the "morals" campaigns that were waged around Australia from the 1880s to the 1920s, and religiously motivated temperance activists deliberately fostered a negative image of the barmaid as a "loose woman" who lured men into pubs to drink and squander their money.

Obesity currently affects 8% of children in Australia Obesity is defined as the excessive accumulation of fat and is predominantly caused when there is an energy imbalance between calorie consumption and calorie expenditure. Childhood obesity is becoming an increasing concern worldwide, and Australia alone recognizes that 1 in 4 children are either overweight or obese. For Australians aged between 4 and 17 years, obesity is a very concerning condition as once gained it is favourably harder to be liberated from. Short- term effects on children can mean a decrease in their psychological well-being (stigmatisation and poor self-esteem) as well as physical deteriorations such as sleep apnea, breathlessness and cardiovascular disease.

Horton derived his thesis through extensive ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Hanoi with LGBT youth aged 20 to 25. According to Horton, and recalling earlier exegesis, misrecognition occurs in everyday contexts, such as the media, education system, families, and societal interactions. For his informants, the hegemonic heterosexuality in Vietnamese society causes them to feel “socially invisible”, unrecognised, and ostracised.Horton, “Misrecognition,” 962. A young woman confided that this overwhelming ‘normalcy’ made her feel “afraid” of her sexual difference.Horton, “Misrecognition,” 966. Horton shows how pervasive instances of misrecognition and stigmatisation result in a prevalence of suicide and mental health issues among Vietnam's les and queer youth, who feel alone, invisible, without a community to turn to for assistance or reprieve.

Former Pakistani Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto, in her address to the Fourth World Conference on Women at Beijing in 1995, called the use of rape as a weapon of war in Jammu and Kashmir reprehensible and depraved. Feminist commentators are critical of the way Kashmiri men have addressed the issue of rape. According to Kazi, the reaction of Kashmiri men to the rape of their women is one of feeling powerlessness and confoundment. But Kazi also complains that while Yasin Malik of the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front recognises that Kashmiri women have been sexually victimised by the Indian Army, he fails to consider Kashmiri society's "torture" and stigmatisation of the rape victims.

The 1980s was a period of rising negative sentiments towards homosexuality in Britain, peaking in 1987 when the British Social Attitudes Survey found that 75% of the population thought that homosexual activity was always or mostly wrong. That year, a high-profile public information campaign Don't Die of Ignorance saw the delivery of an educational leaflet about HIV/AIDS to every household in Britain. The association of gay and bisexual men with the pandemic worsened their stigmatisation. 240x240px The Conservative Party under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher made opposition to LGBT education a pillar of its 1987 general election campaign, issuing posters accusing the Labour Party of promoting the book 'Young, Gay and Proud' in British schools.

Most of these pieces still have the original vestments acquired by João Pedro Ludovice, son of Johann Friedrich Ludwig, the architect in charge of the Royal Building of Mafra. The crucifix used in the litter of the stigmatisation of St. Francis in Mount La Verna is attributed to Anton Maria Maragliano, a genoese sculptor of the Baroque period. Was offered to the Third Order of Mafra by Domenico Massa, the carpenter tasked with the installation of the carillons in the towers of the Basilica.Saldanha, Sandra Costa - Um crucifixo de Anton Maria Maragliano em Mafra: oferta do genovês Domenico Massa à Ordem Terceira da Penitência, Invenire: Revista de Bens Culturais da Igreja, n.

Many Italian artists, craftsmen and masons came to Buda with the new queen. Today, many of the original renaissance buildings disappeared during the varied history of Buda, but Budapest is still rich in renaissance and neo- renaissance buildings, like the famous Hungarian State Opera House, St. Stephen's Basilica and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Saint Anne Parish, Matthias Church, Fisherman's Bastion and Stigmatisation of Saint Francis Church During the Turkish occupation (1541–1686), Islamic culture flourished in Budapest; multiple mosques and baths were built in the city. These were great examples of Ottoman architecture, which was influenced by Muslims from around the world including Turkish, Iranian, Arabian and to a larger extent, Byzantine architecture as well as Islamic traditions.

"The History of AIDS and ARC" at the LSU Law CenterSee Gay-related immune deficiency The association of HIV/AIDS with gay and bisexual men worsened their stigmatisation, and this association correlated with higher levels of sexual prejudice, such as homophobic/biphobic attitudes. Rising negative sentiments towards homosexuality peaked in 1987, the year before the legislation was enacted. According to the British Social Attitudes Survey, 75% of the population said that homosexual activity was "always or mostly wrong", with just 11% believing it to be never wrong. Five years prior to the enactment, a similar BSAS poll had found that 61% of Conservative and 67% of Labour voters believed homosexual activity to be "always or mostly wrong".

The word "spastic" has been largely erased from popular English usage and is deemed unacceptable to use outside of specific medical contexts, thus reducing stigmatisation of the condition. However, UK schoolchildren allegedly developed a derogatory adaptation of the Spastic Society's new name, "scoper". The current understanding of the word is well-illustrated by a BBC survey in 2003, which found that "spastic" was the second most offensive term in the UK relating to anyone with a disability (retard was deemed most offensive in the US and other countries). In 2007, Lynne Murphy, a linguist at the University of Sussex, described the term as being "one of the most taboo insults to a British ear".

Under his leadership DCPCR ws the only government organisation which appealed against the scraping of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code In his arguments the attorney Amit Anand Tiwari, advocate for DCPCR, said “We studied various materials from medical journals and found studies that show that children of LGBT parents were more prone to social stigmatisation. In decriminalising homosexuality, the High Court did not devise any protection as far adoption laws were concerned – whether gay and lesbian couples can adopt children, whether they have right to adopt. These issues were not addressed by the High Court order”. Kanth said, “Under the United Nation Convention on Rights of Children and under Indian laws, every child has a right to a family.

Fossil fuel divestment aims to reduce carbon emissions by accelerating the adoption of the renewable energy transition through the stigmatisation of fossil fuel companies. This includes putting public pressure on companies that are currently involved in fossil fuel extraction to invest in renewable energy. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found that all future carbon dioxide emissions must be less than 1,000 gigatonnes to provide a 66% chance of avoiding dangerous climate change; this figure includes all sources of carbon emissions. To avoid dangerous climate change, only 33% of known extractable fossil fuel of known reserves can be used; this carbon budget can also be depleted by an increase in other carbon emission sources such as deforestation and cement production.

In writing of the origin of the song, Stewart said, "Bono was crafting the words in a way that would make people think about the fact that 'America' as a concept was a truly great idea, based on the bedrock of equality." On 3 December 2003 USA Today published a draft of the lyrics. Echoing Dr Martin Luther King Jr., the song ends with, "If you get to the top of the mountain, will you tell me what you see / If you get to the top of the mountain, remember me". Bono, The Edge, Beyoncé, and Stewart performed the song on 29 November 2003 at the 46664 concert in Cape Town, South Africa to "break the stigmatisation that goes with being HIV positive".

Christophe Jaffrelot points out the theme of "stigmatisation and emulation" in the ideology of the RSS along with other Hindu nationalist movements such as the Arya Samaj and the Hindu Mahasabha. Muslims, Christians and the British were thought of as "foreign bodies" implanted in the Hindu nation, who were able to exploit the disunity and absence of valour among the Hindus in order to subdue them. The solution lay in emulating the characteristics of these "Threatening Others" that were perceived to give them strength, such as paramilitary organisation, emphasis on unity and nationalism. The Hindu nationalists combined these emulatory aspects with a selective borrowing of traditions from the Hindu past to achieve a synthesis that was uniquely Indian and Hindu.

3: 'Astrology: its social and intellectual role' which describes the determined efforts to preserve the intellectual standing of astrology in the mid-late 17th century, which rapidly collapsed at the end of that century. At this time, the contents of the Tetrabiblos started to draw stigmatisation as part of "a diabolical art of divination". One 17th-century critic was to write of its subject: "no superstitious art is more fitted to forward the aims of the devil than the astrology of Ptolemy". The intellectual standing of astrology collapsed rapidly at the end of the 17th century, but the historical impact of the Tetrabiblos upon world culture continues to engage the attention of scholars of classical philosophy and the history of sciences in antiquity.

Thousands of people, mostly supporters of the far-right party Vox, attended protests in Madrid and the country's regional capitals over the lockdown and its impact on the Spanish economy. The protesters drove in convoys to adhere to social distancing, with the Madrid protest led by a bus containing Vox leader Santiago Abascal. Abascal called for the national government of Pedro Sánchez to resign over its handling of the virus. On 20 September 2020, thousands of people went out in protest throughout the Community of Madrid demanding the resignation of the regional government of Isabel Díaz Ayuso, after the latter had announced two days earlier a partial lockdown affecting 850,000 people living in the region's poorest areas which was dubbed as "segregationist" and fostering "stigmatisation, exclusion and territorial discrimination".

In 1994, Mitchell made the documentary work 'Family'. The series concentrated on the lives of Mitchell’s sister and her children in the Raploch area in the town of Stirling, Scotland, an area which scores highly in the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation. Mitchell states that photography as social commentary is what drew her into being a photographer and how her work 'Family' was 'rooted in the stigmatisation of certain strands of society' In her early career, she also worked in areas of disability and representation, working within participatory arts practice and as a photography lecturer for over 10 years. Her projects on childhood often contain a psychological aspect and she is quoted as saying she is "pulled by the personal, the experiential in people’s lives and that often includes issues-based work".

Thus there is a partial but significant correlation between manual labour and unskilled or semiskilled workers. Based on economic and social conflict of interest, people may often distort that partial correlation into an exaggeration that equates manual labour with lack of skill; with lack of any potential to apply skill (to a task) or to develop skill (in a worker); and with low social class. Throughout human existence the latter has involved a spectrum of variants, from slavery (with stigmatisation of the slaves as "subhuman"), to caste or caste-like systems, to subtler forms of inequality. Economic competition often results in businesses trying to buy labour at the lowest possible cost (for example, through offshoring or by employing foreign workers) or to obviate it entirely (through mechanisation and automation).

Young adults using their mobile phones individually at a party Problematic smartphone use is proposed by some researchers to be a form of psychological or behavioral dependence on cell phones, closely related to other forms of digital media overuse such as social media addiction or internet addiction disorder. Other researchers have stated that terminology relating to behavioral addictions in regards to smartphone use can cause additional problems both in research and stigmatisation of users, suggesting the term to evolve to problematic smartphone use. Problematic use can include preoccupation with mobile communication, excessive money or time spent on mobile phones, and use of mobile phones in socially or physically inappropriate situations such as driving an automobile. Increased use can also lead to increased time on mobile communication, adverse effects on relationships, and anxiety if separated from a mobile phone or sufficient signal.

The societal consequences of war rape can equally have a negative impact on post-conflict reconciliation and the judicial follow-up on wartime crimes, including rape. Given the stigmatisation of victims and their isolation or fear thereof, they might prefer to remain silent with regard to the violations they have suffered. Indeed, underreporting of cases of rape during armed conflict is a practical challenge post-conflict communities have to face that is pointed to by a number of actors, including the United Nations Secretary-General, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as well as international NGOs. As Human Rights Watch reported with regard to war rape during the Rwandan genocide, victims "expressed dismay at the fact that they were being urged to forget what happened to them in the name of peace and reconciliation".

"It can be persuasively argued," noted one concerned philosopher, "that the conception of the worker's labour as a commodity confirms Marx's stigmatisation of the wage system of private capitalism as 'wage-slavery;' that is, as an instrument of the capitalist's for reducing the worker's condition to that of a slave, if not below it.". This Marxist objection is what motivated Nelson's essay, which argues that labour is not, in fact, a commodity. That this objection is fundamental follows immediately from Marx's conclusion that wage labour is the very foundation of capitalism: "Without a class dependent on wages, the moment individuals confront each other as free persons, there can be no production of surplus value; without the production of surplus-value there can be no capitalist production, and hence no capital and no capitalist!". Emphasis in the original.

They are innocent > people, they didn't bring this upon themselves, they are the victims of the > sins of other people, and had been punished for no reason. As Joseph De > Maistre said “False opinions are like false money, stuck first of all by > guilty men and thereafter circulated by other people who perpetuate the > crime without knowing what they are doing”. Stigmatisation of rape victims > is one such opinion prevalent in our society, created by guilty and > perpetuated by others and is violation of mankind's most fundamental duty to > protect the innocent. It is essential to renounce such practices to build a > progressive society based on virtue of equality. Later, he spoke on the mandatory reporting of sexual offences against children stating Section 21 of POSCO, Act, observing that “in child sexual abuse cases public is generally unaware that trials are the exception rather than the rule.

"French Women's Rights Minister Accused of Racism over Term 'negro'" The Guardian. 30 Mar. 2016. A petition was launched by a French student, Hawa N’Dongo, on change.org calling for Rossignol to be punished: > “It is with anger and exasperation that we have been once again confronted > with the verbal violence of a political leader,” wrote N’Dongo. “Asked about > the false debate on ‘Islamic fashion’ she came out with scandalous > propositions that feed the confusion and stigmatisation of Muslim women and > the millions of transported slaves.” It's clearly a controversial subject and one that many Muslim women feel strongly about,Sanghani R. How the hijab went high-fashion and divided Muslim women The Telegraph.18 February 2016 since it covers a wide variety of issues and problems that have a history of not being addressed and that are only now seeing recognition on a larger, more global scale.

According to Jaffrelot, Hindutva as outlined in Savarkar's writings "perfectly illustrates" an effort at identity-building through the "stigmatisation and emulation of threatening others". In particular, it was pan-Islamism and similar "Pan-isms" that he assumed made the Hindus vulnerable, as he wrote: Since Savarkar's time, the "Hindu identity" and the associated Hindutva ideology has been built upon the perceived vulnerability of Indian religions, culture and heritage from those who through "orientalist construction" have vilified them as inferior to a non-Indian religion, culture and heritage. In its nationalistic response, Hindutva has been conceived "primarily as an ethnic community" concept, states Jaffrelot, then presented as cultural nationalism, where Hinduism along with other Indian religions are but a part. According to Arvind Sharma, a scholar of Hinduism, Hindutva has not been a "static and monolithic concept", rather its meaning and "context, text and subtext has changed over time".

In December 2012, Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar responded to a letter protesting the country's anti-gay laws by stating, > With respect to the concerns raised in your letter regarding aspects of > T&T;'s Sexual Offences Act and the Immigration Act which may target persons > who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBT), I wish to > assure you that due consideration is being given to these issues by my > Government. I do not support discrimination in any form against any > individual, regardless of their gender identity or sexual orientation. I > share your view that the stigmatisation of homosexuality in T&T; is a matter > which must be addressed on the grounds of human rights and dignity to which > every individual is entitled under international law. As such I am pleased > to inform you that I have mandated my Minister of Gender, Youth and Child > Development, Senator the Honourable Marlene Coudray to prepare and present a > national gender policy to Cabinet over the coming months.

Nineteenth century European modernity, in the forms of French colonialism, European gender values, and medical discourses on sexology, has significantly impacted the present-day treatment of Vietnam's les. Further examination of the influence of these external regimes will provide useful historical insight and possible explanations for the current stigmatisation of female homosexuality in Vietnam. French colonialism influenced and imposed changes in Vietnamese socio-cultural norms, thus elucidating how and why Vietnamese gender values changed over time. Frank Proschan historically explores French colonial constructions of Vietnamese gender. Through his analysis of gendered and sexually ambiguous figures like the eunuch and effeminate boys, Proschan argues that “the colonials were confounded by the Vietnamese sex/gender system,” in which they perceived no distinguishable characteristics between men and women.Frank Proschan, “Eunuch Mandarins, Soldats Mamzelles, Effeminate Boys, and Graceless Women: French Colonial Constructions of Vietnamese Genders,” GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 8, No. 4 (2002): 436.

Some of these researchers said the evidence remains weak and "there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses." A group of 26 scholars wrote an open letter to the WHO, suggesting that the proposed diagnostic categories lacked scientific merit and were likely to do more harm than good. In counter-argument, a group of fifty academic researchers in behavioral science agreed that the evidence to support gaming disorder was weak, but it would be best that WHO identify gaming disorder in ICD-11 so that it could be considered a clinical and public health need. A report, prepared by mental health experts at Oxford University, Johns Hopkins University, Stockholm University and the University of Sydney, sponsored by The Association for UK Interactive Entertainment argues that while there may be potential addiction associated with video gaming, it is premature to consider it a disorder without further study, given the stigmatisation that surrounds video, and ask the WHO to use caution when finalising the ICD draft.

In one significant aspect, the new hospital soon took on some of the characteristics of the system that it intended to replace. The subscribers had hoped that the hospital would provide a sympathetic environment for restorative treatment rather than just being a costly unwelcome dumping ground away from general society, as the workhouses were deemed to be. A change in national concerns from emphasis on conditions of care to that of protecting wider society, which ultimately led to the 1890 Lunacy Act, meant that the hospital assumed a character similar to that of the workhouse. Patient welfare and therapeutics became of little importance when set against the primary requirement of a strict admissions procedure and a custodial role, leading to stigmatisation of those who were admitted. According to Olsen, the tendency towards a custodial role is evident in the increased density of the patient population: in all but 15 of the years between 1848 and 1938, more patients were admitted than the total of those who were discharged or died.

Crimean court bans Tatar ruling body in blow to minority, Thestar.com.my (26 April 2016) According to Regional Prosecutor General Natalia Poklonskaya, it was banned because its leaders had sought to destabilise Crimea since the 2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia through the use of "propaganda of aggression and hatred towards Russia, inciting ethnic nationalism and extremism in society". The Mejlis was also said to be responsible for stopping all cargo traffic between (mainland) Ukraine and Crimea in the autumn of 2015 and a late November series of explosions that damaged voltage power lines leading to a massive Crimean power outage.Crimean Tatars’ Mejlis may be outlawed for extremism, TASS (16 February 2016) The Mejlis denies its implication in the blockade of Crimea , News from Crimea (17 March 2016) The Mejlis denied involvement in these events. (Also on 26 April 2016) Council of Europe's Commissioner for Human Rights Nils Muižnieks urged the court to reverse the ban since he believed "Equating (the Mejlis) with extremism paves the way for stigmatisation and discrimination of a significant part of the Crimean Tatar community and sends a negative message to that community as a whole".

One benefit she notes is the creation of role models for other individuals within the traditionally disadvantaged community. This can pave the way for a change in attitude and thus predicate institutional change. The "merit principle" has long been an important term in determining the appropriate scope of affirmative action.Christopher McCrudden, ‘Merit Principles’ (1998) 18, OJLS 543 As Son Hing, Bobocel and Zanna note, typically people who strongly endorse the merit principle and believe that outcomes should be given to those most deserving, oppose affirmative action programmes that violate this principle.Leanne S Son Hing, Ramona D Bobocel, Mark P Zanna, ‘Meritocracy and Opposition to Affirmative Action; Making Concessions in the Face of Discrimination’, 83 Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2002) 493-509 Sally WokesSally Wokes ‘Preferential treatment on the basis of sex or race’, (2004) UCLJ Rev 126 highlights that affirmative action violates the essential principle of equality, suggesting that it is likely to increase tensions between communities and lead to the stigmatisation of those groups which benefit. She also questions the validity of the ‘role model’ argument on the basis that the perceived lack of merit undermines the legitimacy of their position, thus negating their positive influence as a role model.