"The statute books are filled with words like reasonable", he said.
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Many of the repressive laws they introduced remain on the statute books.
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Bills are the mechanism by which important legislation enters the UK statute books.
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Who, for example, should scrutinise all the legislation returning from Brussels to British statute books?
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The statute books do contain a series of carefully crafted exceptions to the general rule.
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It's aiming to get the bill onto the statute books before the end of this year.
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If the chamber approves it, it will receive royal assent and pass into the statute books.
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The resulting legislation should make it onto the statute books before the European Parliament elections next year.
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No one has any idea how many federal crimes are on the statute books — anywhere from 4,500 to 300,000.
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The debate began in 2016, when the government decriminalised battery, the least violent form of assault on the Russian statute books.
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The government is pushing hard to normalize mass surveillance this year via the passage of this bill onto the statute books.
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"Maybe the department would like such a law, maybe someday Congress will adorn our federal statute books with such a law," Gorsuch wrote.
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Though declared unconstitutional in 2013, a law against mocking the president remains on the statute books and Mr Mnangagwa has supported keeping it.
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The gender identity law must be either rejected or entered onto the statute books by center-right President Sebastian Pinera within 30 days.
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In 18 the removal of that ill-defined crime from the statute books lifted what was, in effect, a ban on homosexual activity.
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Critics of Dershowitz&aposs defense said that the crimes the framers had in mind aren&apost limited to those found in statute books.
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A showdown will be the debate on the Great Repeal Bill, the legislation revoking the automatic transmission of European laws onto British statute books.
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Civil partnerships are not on the statute books either, but legislation is in the pipeline to make them legal for same-sex (and other) couples.
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Numerous American states and Canada, for example, no longer have a crime called "rape" on the statute books, but rather varying degrees of sexual assault.
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The bill was approved by MPs last week and is expected to receive Royal Assent on Monday, meaning it will pass into the statute books.
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In Sierra Leone, the existing law is the 1861 Offence against the Person Act, on the statute books in many of Britain's former African colonies.
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Executions by crucifixion and stoning should be stricken from its statute books, and authorities should halt prosecutions and intimidation of journalists, critics and activists, it said.
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Together with other progressive founders of the Indian Republic, Ambedkar helped make social, economic and political justice the first item of business in the statute books.
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Powell spent only 15 months of his 37-year political career in office, as minister for health; nothing of substance bears his name on the statute books.
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Though it will not report for two years so any changes to the law are likely to take several years to make it onto the statute books.
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By Thursday, January 9, the bill is likely to have passed all its committee stages and all remaining stages required for it to pass into the statute books.
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Malchuk said the Chilean mining sector's "massive challenges" include relations with unions, which have been emboldened by a new pro-labor law that hit the statute books this week.
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And the state attorney general, Bob Ferguson, a Democrat, said the court's decision would reinvigorate his efforts to urge lawmakers to permanently repeal the death penalty from statute books.
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Today, the placid waterway is once again playing a supporting role in a grand vision, albeit one its architects want to etch in the statute books, not in stone.
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They have run Capitol Hill through a combination of outraged talking points, politically charged investigations and faux legislation meant to score points rather than go in the statute books.
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"Japan needs to improve its safeguards for privacy, now even more so that this suspicious piece of legislation has been put on the statute books," he said in the email.
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But in a majority ruling, the court said the bodies were being held without authorization because there was no law on the Israeli statute books to regulate their being kept.
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The announcement seemed intended to soften resistance ahead of the parliamentary debates that begin today on a separate bill that would transfer existing European law to the British statute books.
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This will revoke the 1972 European Communities Act (ECA), the legislation that took Britain into the club and which channels European laws onto British statute books, from the point of Brexit.
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The vast and complex piece of domestic British legislation that is designed to transform a multiplicity of European rules into the U.K. statute books is known as the EU Withdrawal Bill.
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The legislation will now receive Royal Assent and pass into the statute books, bringing to an end nearly three years of parliamentary warfare which saw it rejected on three previous occasions.
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The government's aim is to get legislation onto the statute books before the end of the year when emergency surveillance legislation, 2014's controversial DRIPA, sunsets so its timetable is fairly tight.
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In addition, Paul and Meadows recently wrote to Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and OMB Director Mick Mulvaney urging executive actions to minimize FATCA's damaging impact pending its removal from the statute books.
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Mr. Davis's announcement seemed intended to soften lawmakers' resistance ahead of the debates and speed the passage of the withdrawal bill, which would transfer existing European law to the British statute books.
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Thus, the critical part: The standard for impeachment, the commission of "high crimes and misdemeanors," is not concerned with criminal offenses found in the penal statute books and suitable for courtroom prosecution.
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These warrants are also one of the most controversial elements of the draft surveillance legislation, the Investigatory Powers Bill, that the UK government is seeking to get onto the statute books this year.
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"Lying to the American people might be impeachable, but it might not be a crime on the statute books," said Akhil Reed Amar, a professor of law and political science at Yale University.
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But given how much government and parliamentary time continues being consumed by the brexit process there is no realistic chance of online porn age checks making it onto the UK's statute books this year.
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Nearly half of Britain's exports go to the EU. European countries will still demand compliance with their environmental, safety and other standards, so Britain may decide to keep many of these on the statute books.
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As part of their coalition pact, the far-right Freedom Party and Chancellor Sebastian Kurz's conservatives agreed to lift a smoking ban that is on the statute books and due to take effect in May.
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The problem for Johnson is that Labour is likely to reject the plan on Wednesday, insisting that it will not support such a motion until the no-deal legislation has passed into the statute books.
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They argued that there was plenty of reason to believe that the Founding Fathers had in mind a broad range of offenses that could be just as serious as the crimes found in the statute books.
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VIENNA (Reuters) - Parliament on Tuesday passed a ban on smoking in Austria's bars and restaurants, extinguishing a flagship policy of the recently collapsed right-wing government which had scrapped the measure after it was already on the statute books.
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Half a dozen European countries still have blasphemy laws (in other words, laws which criminalise the mockery either of religion in general or of particular faiths) on their statute books, but in most cases they are fast falling into desuetude.
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Bills, the mechanism by which important legislation enters the UK statute books, usually take weeks to be approved by the Commons and the Lords, but for this legislation, that would need to happen in the space of just a few days.
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The IPA has faced a series of legal challenges since making it onto the statute books, and the government has been forced to amend certain aspects of it on court order — including beefing up restrictions on access to web activity data.
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But this is a disheartening choice, because a more significant ground for impeachment is abuse of power, which isn't in the statute books, and it would apply to Mr. Trump's holding up the arms aid, among other offenses in this instance.
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The shakeup of the state-owned SNCF, a flagship reform for President Emmanuel Macron as well as the biggest reform of the railways since nationalization, is set to go onto the statute books, having been approved in both houses of parliament.
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"If they haven't managed to hit an artificial threshold that this government have foolishly put onto the statute books then I will stand by our members, and we'll all live, including the government, ... with the consequences of that," he told the BBC.
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THIS newspaper has tracked the twists and turns of assisted-dying legislation as it has passed onto the statute books in California and Canada—as well as failed attempts, such as a private member's bill in Britain that was voted down last year.
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Strasburger also pointed to the current turmoil in the U.K. political landscape following the Brexit vote, noting "how quickly ruthless politicians can replace leaders" and warning of associated risks to freedom and democracy if such intrusive legislation passes onto the statute books unamended.
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But the house has its own bill going through committee debates that is more likely to make the statute books because it seeks the same outcome by changing the penal code instead of amending the constitution and needs fewer votes to get approved.
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Labour have called repeatedly for a general election since the last in June 2017, but their MPs were instructed not to approve the plan designed to stop a no-deal Brexit had entered the statute books, which is not likely to happen until at least next week.
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It is ultimately expected to pass through all stages and receive Royal Assent before entering the statute books by 31 January, when the UK is scheduled to leave the EU.The legislation could face a somewhat more difficult passage through the Lords, where the government has no majority.
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Editorially, The Times celebrated that "about 15 acts or parts of acts directed against that mythical creature the 'Heathen Chinee' are scheduled to disappear from our statute books" and applauded the impending admission under quota of cultured, courageous and "innately democratic" Chinese people: all 105 of them a year.
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Members of Parliament last week approved a law designed to avoid a no-deal Brexit by forcing Boris Johnson to seek a three-month delay from October 31 if he fails to secure a deal, and it is expected to receive Royal Assent today, meaning it will pass into the statute books.
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A cross-party coalition of Johnson's political opponents moved swiftly to take control of the parliamentary schedule and then passed legislation that seeks to prevent the prime minister from leading the U.K. out of the European Union without a negotiated exit agreement, and which will be signed into the statute books today.
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" Mr. Hale said the provision, which is recorded in federal statute books as a "transition procedures" note accompanying the main text of the law, makes it "very clear" that "any existing order will continue in effect for a short time even if Congress doesn't act to reauthorize the law in a timely fashion.
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The government is aiming to have the Investigatory Powers Bill (IP Bill), currently before parliament, on the statute books before the end of the year — giving the Labour party a stronger hand to push for amendments than it might if the government was in less of a rush to drive the bill through parliament.
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However, Veroneau and colleague Catherine Gibson wrote in an article on the Law245 legal news website last month that a section of the Tariff Act of 1930 last referred to in 1949 – ironically in relation to China – remained in the statute books and could allow a president to impose tariffs of up to 50 percent and then, if escalation was required, block imports completely.
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Proof, if proof were needed, that democracy is a cat and mouse game of PR these days… Civil rights campaign organisation, the Open Rights Group, is running a crowdfunding campaign to try to raise £20,000 to fund a challenge to the U.K. government's own massive PR machine which is in the midst of driving the draft Investigatory Powers bill through Parliament and onto the statute books this year.
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However it is the government's intention to drive the Investigatory Powers bill through parliament and onto the statute books by the end of this year, when other data retention powers are due to be sunsetted — leaving only a very short time frame for parliamentarians to scrutinize what is a highly complex and technical piece of legislation that extends to more than 250 pages, with a substantial clutch of attendant documents — including multiple highly detailed Codes of Practice for the various powers set out in the bill.
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The Act remained on the statute books until its repeal in 1984.
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In 1888 at Irving Park, the Brotherhood celebrated the removal of the word "white" from statute books of Maryland.
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Institutionalised apartheid began long before the National Party won the 1948 parliamentary elections. After the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910, apartheid laws were on the statute books.
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The Manila Bay Case led to the formal placement of the procedural innovation of continuing mandamus in statute books in the Philippines, where it is being resorted to by litigants in other cases.
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The U.K. was particularly fortunate as 18 of the 24 jurisdictions that are identified as Sink OFCs, the traditional tax havens, are current or past dependencies of the U.K. (and embedded into U.K. tax and legal statute books). New IP legislation was encoded into the U.K. statute books and the concept of IP significantly broadened in U.K. law. The U.K.'s Patent Office was overhauled and renamed the Intellectual Property Office. A new U.K. Minister for Intellectual Property was announced with the 2014 Intellectual Property Act.
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The Treason Act 1746This short title was conferred by the Short Titles Act 1896, section 1 and the first schedule. (20 Geo. 2 c. 30Also cited as c 41 in some statute books.) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain.
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Book censorship was carried out in Ireland from 1929 until 2010 when all prior bans expired. However, the laws remained on the statute books and a book was banned again in 2016. Censorship was enacted by a 1929 act of the Irish Free State.
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Upon confessing to murdering 10 women, Kang was found guilty of rape, murder and arson and was sentenced to death by a court in Ansan on April 22, 2009. While death by hanging remains on South Korea's statute books, an informal moratorium on the Korean death sentence has been in place since 1997.
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The Infectious Disease (Notification) Act first appeared on the UK national statute books in 1889. It was compulsory in London and optional in the rest of the country. It later became a mandatory law with the Infectious Disease (Notification) Extension Act 1899.Infectious Disease (Notification) Extension Act 1899, 62 & 63 Vic. c.
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Wilkinson (2011): Senusret I incident, p. 169 Osorkon incident, p. 412 On the statute books, at least, women committing adultery might be burned to death. Jon Manchip White, however, did not think capital judicial punishments were often carried out, pointing to the fact that the pharaoh had to personally ratify each verdict.
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In fact, it was 1872 before legislation was on the statute books for clean water to be piped into most metropolitan areas, Worcester included. Hastings was also a forthright critic of hydropathy. (see pp. 192–193 & footnote #105) He was knighted by Queen Victoria in 1850 for his pioneering work, resolve and social conscience.
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The Act received Royal Assent and was placed on the statute books on 18 September 1914, but under the Suspensory Act was deferred for no longer than the duration of World War I which had broken out in August. The widely held assumption at the time was that the war would be short lived.
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He became the executive vice president of the Liberal Party in and served as the party president from 1961 to 1964. From 1963 to 1965, he was the Senate President. Thus far, he is the last Senate President to become President of the Philippines. He introduced a number of significant bills, many of which found their way into the Republic statute books.
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However, under the Human Rights Act 1998, the Law Lords have held that although the Treason Felony Act remains on the statute books it must be interpreted so as to be compatible with the Human Rights Act, and therefore no longer prohibits peaceful republican activity.R. (Rusbridger) v. Attorney General [2003] UKHL 38; [2004] AC 357; [2003] 3 All ER 784.
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Although the law remains on the statute books as No. 43 of 1974, it was invalidated by the declaration of the High Court. Western Australia, New South Wales and Queensland also sought to separately challenge the Senate (Representation of Territories) Act 1973,Senate (Representation of Territories) Act 1973 No. 39 of 1974. the Commonwealth Electoral Act (No. 2) 1973,Commonwealth Electoral Act (No.
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Redmond rejected their proposals. The amended Home Rule Act was passed and placed with Royal Assent on the statute books, but was suspended after the outbreak of World War I in 1914, until the end of the war. This led radical republican groups to argue that Irish independence could never be won peacefully and gave the northern question little thought at all.
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The earliest evidence of prose vernacular Greek exists in some documents from southern Italy written in the tenth century. Later prose literature consists of statute books, chronicles and fragments of religious, historical and medical works. The dualism of literary language and vernacular was to persist until well into the 20th century, when the Greek language question was decided in favor of the vernacular in 1976.
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The Act of Union 1800 abolished the Irish parliament, and thus ended legislative independence. That act did not repeal the Renunciation Act, and even the Statute Law Revision Act 1871 repealed only a few short sentences at the end of section 2 relating to records of proceedings before 1782. Indeed, the act was still on the statute books when the Short Titles Act was passed in 1896.
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Through the process of judicial review, an Act of Congress that violates the Constitution may be declared unconstitutional by the courts. The judicial declaration of an act's unconstitutionality does not remove the law from the statute books; rather, it prevents the law from being enforced. However, future publications of the act are generally annotated with warnings indicating that the statute is no longer valid law.
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As it was passed before the formation of the Irish Free State in 1922 it was retained on the statute books in that country and part of it remains in force. In the United Kingdom section 1 of the act, applying to pensions, was repealed by the Old Age Pensions Act 1936, which duplicated its provisions. The remaining sections were repealed by the National Assistance Act 1948.
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Statutes of uncertain date, also known as statuta incerti temporis or Certain Statutes made during the Reigns of K. Henry 3. K. Edward 1. or K. Edward 2. but uncertain when or in which of their times, are UK (previously English) statutes dating from the reigns of Henry III, Edward I or Edward II, and frequently listed in the statute books at the end of the reign of Edward II.
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The result of the staged voting was to legitimize the Soviet annexation of eastern Poland. Subsequently, all institutions of the dismantled Polish state were closed down and reopened under the Soviet-appointed supervisors. Lwów University and many other schools were reopened soon, but they were to operate as Soviet institutions rather than continue their former legacy. Lwów University was reorganized in accordance with the Statute Books for Soviet Higher Schools.
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A supporter of abortion rights, Lopez sponsored legislation to remove from New Mexico's statute books the state's 1969 anti-abortion law, which has been largely unenforceable since Roe v. Wade (1973); the proposal failed in a 24-18 vote in the state Senate.Dan McKay, Senate blocks repeal of 1969 abortion ban, Albuquerque Journal (March 15, 2019).Morgan Lee, New Mexico state Senate upholds dormant ban on abortion, Associated Press (March 14, 2019).
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Robert E. Lee Day, also called Lee's Birthday, is a public holiday commemorating the birth of Robert E. Lee, observed each year on the third Monday in January. The holiday is observed in the U.S. South, particularly in Alabama and Mississippi. Although Lee's actual January 19 birthdate remains a legal holiday in the Florida statute books, by and large it is not observed. Alabama and Mississippi, celebrate it together with Martin Luther King, Jr. Day.
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Birching of Anabaptist martyr Ursula, Maastricht, 1570; engraving by Jan Luyken from Martyrs Mirror The Singaporean official punishment of caning became much discussed around the world in 1994 when an American teenager, Michael Fay, was sentenced to six strokes of the cane for vandalism. Like Singapore, Malaysia also has corporal punishment. Other former British colonies with judicial caning currently on their statute books include Barbados, Botswana, Brunei, Swaziland,Report 2007 for Swaziland , Amnesty USA. Tonga, Trinidad & Tobago, and Zimbabwe.
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American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1940. Answering the criticism of legislators who opposed an anti-slavery law, Mr. Little, a legislator, remarked in session that, > The opponents of this measure have not a single reason to advance why this > bill should not pass. They put forth, however, some excuses for opposing it. > They come forth with the miserable plea that they are opposed to blotting > our statute books with useless legislation.
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The NRC had been reorganized into the Supreme Military Council (SMC) in 1975 with General Acheampong still as the Head of state of Ghana. The Ghana Bar Association (GBA) later passed a vote of no confidence in his administration. Under pressure from the GBA, the SMC published a new decree, the Judicial Service (Amendment) Decree, 1977 (SMCD 101), retiring him from the office of Chief Justice. This decree, which named him specifically, had been added to the statute books just for his dismissal.
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The play is set in Crete--"Candy" and "Candia" being archaic names for the island. In Ford's fictional Candy, two unusual laws are in the statute books. One is a (highly impracticable) law against ingratitude: a citizen who is accused of ingratitude by another, and fails to make amends, can be sentenced to death. The second law holds that after a military victory, the soldiers will select the one of their number who has done the most to achieve the success.
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Lwow University was reorganized in accordance with the Statute Books for Soviet Higher Schools. The tuition, that along with the institution's Polonophile traditions, kept the university inaccessible to most of the rural Ukrainophone population, was abolished and several new chairs were opened, particularly the chairs of Russian language and literature. The chairs of Marxism-Leninism, Dialectical and Historical Materialism aimed at strengthening of the Soviet ideology were opened as well. Polish literature and language studies ware dissolved by Soviet authorities.
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Although the aforementioned amendments were introduced to the statute books in 2009, in the same revision the government officially criminalized same-sex relations. The Burundian gay rights group Humure has since reported cases of forced evictions of homosexuals. However, it is noted that homophobia in Burundi is not as extreme as cases in other African countries, where the penalty for homosexuality is death. International Bridges to Justice report that prison conditions remain poor, and more than 60% of inmates are pre-trial detainees.
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PAS returned to its pursuit of hudud laws after the 2013 election, signalling that it would table bills in the federal Parliament to allow the laws, still on the statute books in Kelantan, to be enforced. The bills would require a two-thirds majority in the Parliament as they involve constitutional amendments. After PAS's electoral rout in 2004, the party sought to broaden its policies beyond Islamism. Among other things, the party focused on calling for improved civil liberties and race relations.
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The Composition of Yards and Perches belongs to a class of documents known as Statutes of uncertain date generally thought to be from c. 1250 to 1305. Although not originally statutes, they gradually acquired the force of law. In some early statute books Composition of Yards and Perches was appended to another statute of uncertain date, the Statute for the Measuring of Land also known as Statutum de Admensuratione Terrase, An Ordinance for Measuring of Land, sometimes (erroneously) listed as 33° Edward I. st. 6. (1305).
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" Richard Russell Jr. claimed that passing such a bill would be the beginning of a transformation into "a socialistic or communist state." Senator Strom Thurmond suggested that Southern Democrats boycott Kennedy's legislative agenda in its entirety until he backed down on civil rights. Senator Allen Ellender argued that the President's propositions would "mean violence. He has all the laws on the statute books now if he wants use them, but he seems instead to want to follow the advice of Negro leaders and agitators.
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Colonial America had the laws of the United Kingdom, and the revolutionary states took many of those laws as the basis of their own, in some cases verbatim. The last law where the death penalty was on the statute books was South Carolina, the old British law was not repealed until 1873, twelve years after the mother country. The number of times the penalty was carried out is unknown. Records support two executions, and a number of more uncertain convictions, such as "crimes against nature".
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Seal of Zwantepolc de Danceke, 1228 Danzig while part of the monastic state of the Teutonic Knights Danzig not affected by the First Partition of Poland (1772) The models for the Danzig Law were the statute books of the Holy Roman Empire and of other Hanseatic cities, especially Lübeck. The merchant city received Lübeck law in 1226. In the 15th century, the Prussian Confederation was founded to oppose the policy of the Teutonic Order. The Prussian Confederation supported accession to Poland, triggering the Thirteen Years' War.
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After the 1874 general election, forty-six members assembled in Dublin and organised themselves into a separate Irish parliamentary party in the Commons.Jackson, Alvin: Home Rule: An Irish History 1800–2000 p. 36, Phoenix Press (2003) The political outlook appeared encouraging at first, but the party was unable to achieve anything, the Liberals and Gladstone having lost the election. Isaac Butt made some well- received speeches but failed to persuade any of the major parties to support bills beneficial to Ireland, nothing worthwhile reaching the statute books.
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Indemnity Act 61 of 1961 The act was precipitated by 224 civil claims for damages, amounting to approximately £400,000 (R800,000), served against the Minister of Justice in September 1960 by victims of Sharpeville and their relatives. All these claims were nullified by the act. In response to public pressure, the government set up a committee to examine the claims and to recommend ex gratia payments, but few were actually paid out. The act remains on the statute-books, although any claims to which it would apply would have prescribed (expired).
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Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Uruguay are also under the court's jurisdiction but had already same-sex marriage before the ruling was handed down. Furthermore, some other nations have laws recognizing other types of same-sex unions, like Chile. However, nine other nations still have criminal punishment for "buggery" on their statute books. These nine countries are Jamaica, Dominica, Barbados, Saint Lucia, Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Guyana, the last of which is on mainland South America and the rest of which are Caribbean islands.
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In Australia, federal marriage law prohibits marriage between an ancestor and descendant or siblings (including a sibling of half-blood), including those traced through adoption. Also, under federal law, sexual conduct between consenting adults (18 years of age or older) is legal,Human rights in Australian law: principles, practice and potential, (1998) edited by David Kinley. . which also applies to close family members. Subject to this overriding federal law, incest continues in the statute books as a crime in every Australian jurisdiction,See NSW: ; Vic: ; Qld: ; SA: ; WA: ; Tas: ; ACT: ; NT: .
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The British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar had the act incorporated into its law in the English Law (Application) Act 1962. Thus, the offence was retained in Gibraltarian law; however, section two was repealed in 1972. Until 2007, the act remained on the statute books in the Republic of Ireland, as British statutes formed a part of Irish law following the Kingdom of Ireland's absorption into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1801. It was fully repealed under schedules two and three of the Irish Statute Law Revision Act 2007.
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When the proper court determines that a legislative act (a law) conflicts with the constitution, it finds that law unconstitutional and declares it void in whole or in part. This is called judicial review. The portion of the law declared void is considered struck down, or the entire statute is considered struck from the statute books. Depending on the type of legal system, a statute may be declared unconstitutional by any court, or only by special Constitutional courts with authority to rule on the validity of a statute.
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The unpleasant trend in the nation's road traffic system which resulted in upsurge in road traffic accidents made the Federal Government initiate a search for a credible and effective response to the challenge. In February 1988, the Federal Government established the Federal Road Safety Commission through Decree No. 45 of the 1988 as amended by Decree 35 of 1992 referred to in the statute books as the FRSC Act cap 141 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (LFN), passed by the National Assembly as Federal Road Safety Corps (establishment) Act 2007.
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In 1967, 17 Southern states (all the former slave states plus West Virginia plus Oklahoma) still enforced laws prohibiting marriage between whites and non-whites. Maryland repealed its law at the start of Loving v. Virginia in the Supreme Court. After the Supreme Court ruling declaring such laws to be unconstitutional, the laws in the remaining 16 states ceased to be enforceable. Besides removing such laws from their statute books, a number of state constitutions were also amended to remove language prohibiting miscegenation: Mississippi in 1987, South Carolina in 1998 and Alabama in 2000.
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In 2003 BBC's Today asked its listeners to suggest a law that they would like to see put onto the statute books. The BBC received 10,000 nominations and five were short-listed, from which listeners then voted to select their preferred choice. Pound agreed to sponsor in Parliament whichever idea eventually won the final vote. On 1 January 2004 it was announced on air that first place with 37 percent of the vote had gone to the proposal to authorise homeowners to use any means to defend their home from intruders.
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The Act was passed by the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly on 25 May 1995 by a vote of 15 to 10, received the Administrator's assent on 16 June 1995, and entered into force on 1 July 1996. A year later, a repeal bill was brought before the Northern Territory Parliament in August 1996, but was defeated by 14 votes to 11. The effect of the law was nullified in 1997 by the federal Parliament of Australia which passed the Euthanasia Laws Act 1997. The Act continues on the Territory's statute books.
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McDonnell represented New Jersey in the American Federation of Labor, founded in 1886 with Gompers as its first president. In 1892 McDonnell was appointed the head of the State Board of Arbitration for a short period. After 1892 McDonnell found it much harder to influence legislation. However, in 1897 The Boston Post wrote, > Every labor law on the state statute books of New Jersey owes its birth to > the fostering care and indefatigable work of McDonnell... Not a tithe can be > told of all he has done for the betterment of mankind.
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This act made advocacy of republicanism punishable by transportation to Australia, which was later amended to life imprisonment. The law is still on the statute books; however in a 2003 case, the Law Lords stated that "It is plain as a pike staff to the respondents and everyone else that no one who advocates the peaceful abolition of the monarchy and its replacement by a republican form of government is at any risk of prosecution", for the reason that the Human Rights Act 1998 would require the 1848 Act to be interpreted in such a way as to render such conduct non-criminal.
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The Security from Violence Act was also passed in July 1863 and specifically targeted street robbery, becoming known informally as the Garrotters Act. This undid reforms passed by a select committee of 1861 which abolished flogging for most offences and implemented bans on repeated flogging (of 50 lashes a time) for a single offence. Under the Security from Violence Act garrotters faced being flogged three times for each offence. This act, which remained on the statute books until the Criminal Justice Act 1948, was described by Grey as "panic legislation [passed] after the panic had subsided".
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However, the Irish Free State considered itself legislatively independent before its passage and did not recognise its legal situation as having changed. The country thereafter shared the person of its monarch with the United Kingdom and the other Dominions of the then-called British Commonwealth. The Irish Free State adopted a new constitution in 1937 with a president, while the Irish monarchy which had been retained for external relations was abolished in Irish law by the Republic of Ireland Act 1948. Though no longer effective, the Tudor Act remained on the republic's statute books until formally repealed in 1962.
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A basic definition of disorderly conduct defines the offense as: :A person who recklessly, knowingly, or intentionally: ::(1) engages in fighting or in tumultuous conduct; ::(2) makes unreasonable noise and continues to do so after being asked to stop; or ::(3) disrupts a lawful assembly of persons; :commits disorderly conduct. . .Indiana Code 35-45-1 Accessed 2011-11-24. Indiana's definition of "disorderly conduct" is modeled after the Model Penal Code's definition, and is typical, but not identical, to similar laws on the statute books of other U.S. states. It covers a large variety of potential acts in its prohibition.
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In the 1870s, a written agreement containing a pledge not to join a union was commonly referred to as the "Infamous Document." This strengthens the belief that American employers in their resort to individual contracts were consciously following English precedents. This anti-union pledge was also called an "iron clad document," and from this time until the close of the 19th century "iron-clad" was the customary name for the non-union promise. Beginning with New York in 1887, sixteen states wrote on their statute books declarations making it a criminal act to force employees to agree not to join unions.
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During the reign of Henry VIII (r. 1509–1547), the statute books had proliferated with legislation creating numerous new forms of high treason. In the first year of the reign of his successor, Edward VI, Parliament passed this Act, which abolished all kinds of treason except: # those contained in this Act,Section 2 # those in the original Treason Act (the Treason Act 1351),Section 2 and # treason consisting of counterfeiting coinage or forging the king's seals.Section 8 However the Act expressly did not apply to people who had already been indicted for treason or misprision of treason.
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The law regarding suicide as a criminal offence in England and Wales was repealed in 1961 and Robinson's contribution to remove the stigma of suicide from the statute books cannot be overestimated.When Suicide Was Illegal, BBC News, 4 August 2011 He was also campaigner for homosexual law reform and a member of the Homosexual Law Reform Society's executive committee. In June 1960, he introduced the first full-scale Commons debate on the Wolfenden Report's proposals to end the law which criminalised consenting sex between men in private. He had also put forward a bill in 1961 to legalise abortion.
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Andrew MacLaren’s political hero was Campbell-Bannerman, and he often repeated CB’s pledge " … to make the land less of a pleasure ground for the rich, and more of a treasure-house for the nation …". He was a vocal supporter of Philip Snowden’s 1931 budget which included a measure of Land Value Taxation which reached the statute books in 1931. With the next election (1931) he lost his seat and then saw the act being repealed. He tried again with a private member's bill in 1937; it was rejected 141 to 118, and so he never saw his dream fulfilled.
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He was first elected in 1992 for Croydon North West after having previously contested the seat unsuccessfully in 1987. Wicks was one of the few MPs whose Private Member's Bill reached the statute books, with the Carers (Recognition and Services) Act 1995 recognising the needs of family carers. He was Chairman of the Education Select Committee from 1998 until his July 1999 appointment as Minister for Lifelong Learning in the Department for Education and Employment. In July 2001 he moved to the Department for Work and Pensions, where he spent four years, first as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State, and then as Minister of State, for Pensions.
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With the outbreak of war with Germany in August 1914, Asquith decided to abandon his Amending Bill, and instead rushed through a new bill the Suspensory Act 1914 which was presented for Royal Assent simultaneously with both the Government of Ireland Act 1914 and the Welsh Church Act 1914; although the two controversial Bills had now finally reached the statute books on 18 September 1914, the Suspensory Act ensured that Home Rule would be postponed for the duration of the conflictJackson, Alvin: p.164 and would not come into operation until the end of the war.Hennessey, Thomas (1998). "The passing of the Home Rule Bill".
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Civil war looked likely to break out between the Ulster Volunteers and the nationalist Irish Volunteers. However, the crisis was interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 and the temporary suspension of the Home Rule Act placed on the statute books with Royal Assent. Many Orangemen served in the war with the 36th (Ulster) Division suffering heavy losses and commemorations of their sacrifice are still an important element of Orange ceremonies. After the war, the island of Ireland became embroiled in the Irish War of Independence (1919–1921), which pitted the Irish Republican Army (the I.R.A.) against British Crown forces.
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Albert Reis, Policing a City's Central District, the Oakland Story, National Institute of Justice, 1985 Echoing many other large U.S. cities, Oakland saw an increase in crime, poverty and increasing civil unrest throughout the 1960s. Despite community outreach programs, racial tensions increased throughout the decade as crime and declining socioeconomic status impacted the African American community the hardest. By the late 1960s, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense had formed in Oakland and a series of public confrontations with the police garnered national attention. Black Panthers wearing a uniform of black clothes, black leather jackets, and black berets would follow Oakland police patrols while openly carrying statute books and firearms.
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In 1653 Sanford succeeded Coddington as the governor of the island towns after the repeal of Coddington's commission. Negotiations for the reunion of the four towns of the colony took place during Sanford's administration, and the statute books and town records from the period of separation were demanded from Coddington. Also, commissions were issued to several prominent members of the colony to prepare for military actions against the Dutch, if warranted. Sanford's term was short-lived as he died in office sometime after the signing of his will on 22 June 1653, but before his inventory was taken on 15 November of that year.
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The signatures of the presiding officers of Congress are therefore not present in this version of the act. This is the version of the statute that is published in the Official Journal and that is included in the statute books. When granting his approval to a bill, the President signs both the bill sent to him by Congress and the final version of the statute with the presidential enacting formula. The signed Bill is returned to Congress by means of a presidential message; the signed statute with the presidential enacting formula is printed in the Official Journal, and the original is thereafter sent to the National Archive.
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Wehrkraftzersetzung was de facto abolished in 1945 after Nazi Germany's defeat, but text from the penal code continued to be used by the Federal Republic of Germany. On 25 August 1998 and 23 July 2002, after lengthy debate, the Bundestag removed the Nazi-era sentences from the German criminal justice system and all Nazi military sentencing for conscientious objection, desertion, and all other forms of Wehrkraftzersetzung were repealed as unjust. Current German military law neither contains the term "undermining the military" nor its extensive rules, but a few offences included under the umbrella of Wehrkraftzersetzung remain on the statute books in a vague form.
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" George Smathers, a longtime friend of Kennedy, said, "I could agree with almost everything the President said, but I don't really believe we need additional legislation. There are plenty of laws on the statute books, and the way the courts have been operating, there is no need of additional legislation to give the Negro his every right." Senator Albert Gore Sr. telephoned Kennedy to inform him that some of his constituents had called to voice their objections to integration. Other senators, especially Republicans Everett Dirksen and Thomas Kuchel were more receptive to Kennedy's ideas, the latter saying, "Neither caste nor creed have any part in our American system.
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The Working Group noted that in 2006, Burundi submitted a report to the United Nations Convention Against Torture. In its response, the UN Committee expressed concern at the lack of clarity in Burundian law surrounding the status of torture in the statute books, and recommended the government focus on implementing the CATCIDTP domestically and formulate a legislative definition of torture. Concern was also expressed by the Committee at the lack of provision in the Criminal Code relating to protection whilst in police custody, and available access to legal aid. The Working Group reiterated these messages, but highlighted an overall decline in reported torture cases since 2007.
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The Act did not specify a translation but rather a dictation in a European language, the purpose of the test being to keep non-Europeans out of Australia, as a deterrent to unwanted immigrants. Although the test was initially to be administered in English, it was then changed to any European language, "mainly through Labour insistence". Such a firmly sustained system to select entries into Australia that it remained on the statute books until 1958, when it was replaced by a system of entry permits. Nevertheless, in the early 1900s, some Italians calling at Fremantle and other Australian ports were refused admission under the provisions of the Act.
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Towards the end of the 1980s, the government began a radical process of re- organisation of the commercial broadcasting industry, which was written onto the statute books by means of the Broadcasting Act 1990. Significantly, this meant the abolition of the IBA, and hence the Channel Four Television Company. The result led to the creation of a corporation to own and operate the channel, which would have greater autonomy and would eventually go on to establish its other operations. The new corporation, which became operational in 1993, was the Channel Four Television Corporation, and was created to replace the former broadcasting operations of the Channel Four Television Company.
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In 2011, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, David Cameron, stated during the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in Australia that his Government would find it difficult to provide aid for countries which still had laws banning sodomy on their statute books. Thereafter, the Attorney General for Barbados Adriel Brathwaite stated publicly that Barbados would not be dictated to by the United Kingdom. Following the statement, several members of Barbados' openly gay community stated that Barbados should begin to offer packaged tourism deals for gay tourists. However, an informal comment line by the Barbados Nation newspaper found that plan to be disliked by some.
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Though accusations of bribery did not cause the Tennessee legislature to reconsider its ratification of the suffrage amendment, Alice Paul immediately cautioned that "women are not yet fully free" and that women "can expect nothing from the politicians...until they stand as a unit in a party of their own", saying that discrimination still exists "on the statute books which will not be removed by the ratification". Paul charged that the amendment passed only because "it at last became more expedient for those in control of the Government to aid suffrage than to oppose it". Morris is writer for "Fight for All Rights..." article only. Sewing stars on a suffrage flag.
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Prior to the passing of the Act, legitimacy was governed by the Legitimacy Act 1926. Under that act, the marriage of a child's parents after its birth did not legitimise it when one of the parents was married to a third person at the birth of the child. Although the Royal Commission on Marriage and Divorce recommended keeping this on the statute books by a vote of twelve to seven, Section 1 repealed this and allowed a child to be legitimised when his parents married, regardless of their past status. This was retroactive; if a child's parents were married when the Act came into force, the child was legitimised.
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Grant did not actively promote his candidacy, but his entry into the race energized his partisans, and when the convention met in Chicago in June 1880, they instantly divided the delegates into Grant and anti-Grant factions, with Blaine the most popular choice of the latter group. After Grant and Blaine had been nominated, James Garfield nominated Sherman with an eloquent speech, saying "You ask for his monuments, I point you to twenty-five years of national statutes. Not one great beneficent statute has been placed in our statute books without his intelligent and powerful aid." The speech, while heartfelt, was not particularly stirring.
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Corporate tax havens promote themselves as "knowledge economies", and IP as a "new economy" asset, rather than a tax management tool, which is encoded into their statute books as their primary BEPS tool. This perceived respectability encourages corporates to use havens as regional headquarters (i.e. Google, Apple, and Facebook use Ireland in EMEA over Luxembourg, and Singapore in APAC over Hong Kong/Taiwan; none use the BVI–Cayman–Bermuda "triad" as a regional headquarters). Smaller corporate havens meet the IMF–definition of an offshore financial centre, as the untaxed accounting flows from the BEPS tools, artificially distorts the economic statistics of the haven (e.g.
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The railroad could refuse service to passengers who refused to comply, and the Supreme Court ruled this did not infringe upon the 13th and 14th amendments. The "separate but equal" doctrine applied to all public facilities: not only railroad cars but schools, medical facilities, theaters, restaurants, restrooms, and drinking fountains. However, neither state nor Congress put "separate but equal" into the statute books, meaning the provision of equal services to non-whites could not be legally enforced. The only possible remedy was through federal court, but costly legal fees and expenses meant that this was out of the question for individuals; it took an organization with resources, the NAACP, to file and pursue Brown v.
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Law leather was the name for a specific kind and grade of sheepskin leather used for bookbinding. As its name indicates, it was used for binding statute books and other official documents. Many state statutes specified "law leather" bindings. An 1871 Ohio state resolution, for example, provided that :WHEREAS, The first volume of the annual report of the commissioner of railroads and telegraphs, for 1870, now being printed, contains the constitutional provisions, general laws and special charters governing the railroad companies of Ohio, together with much other valuable information worthy of careful preservation ; and, :WHEREAS, Six hundred copies of the second volume of said report, containing railroad and telegraph statistics, recommendations of the commissioner, etc.
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Too many succeed in evading the decree of > unconstitutionality and bear oppressively on natural rights. The selfish > interest of classes ever anxious to push on their own fortunes, reckless of > what destruction is wrought to others, is their moving cause. Legislatures, > pliantly serviceable to the demands of influential cliques and unchecked by > weak-kneed governors, spread them on the statute books, and there they > stand, discouraging prophecies of the decadence of popular rights under > democracy. They hide in swarms, behind the newly coined phrase, "police > power," and that other more venerable phrase, "the public welfare," both of > which, like "public policy," are often, if one may use such an expression, > liveries of heaven stolen to serve the devil in.
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The National Security Act is not the first law of its kind to be enacted in India. The Defense of India Act of 1915 was amended at the time of the First World War to enable the state to detain a citizen preventively. The Rowlatt Committee, approved after the First World War, recommended that the harsh and repressive I provisions of the Defense of India Act be retained permanently on the statute books. The interesting feature of the Rowlatt Bills was that they empowered the State to detain a citizen without giving the detainee any right to move the law courts, and even the assistance of lawyers was denied to a detainee.
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The law remained on the statute books through independence in 1957, and the merger with Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore that formed Malaysia. The Federal Constitution of Malaya and later Malaysia permitted Parliament to impose restrictions on the freedom of speech granted by the Constitution. After the May 13 Incident, when racial riots in the capital of Kuala Lumpur led to at least 200 deaths, the government amended the Constitution to expand the scope of limitations on freedom of speech. The Constitution (Amendment) Act 1971 named Articles 152, 153, and 181, and also Part III of the Constitution as specially protected, permitting Parliament to pass legislation that would limit dissent with regard to these provisions pertaining to the social contract.
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As a result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the Irish War of Independence, Ireland left the United Kingdom in 1922 and became the Irish Free State, a mostly self-governing Dominion that still retained the British monarch as its head of state. As anticipated, Northern Ireland, made up of six north-eastern counties, immediately seceded from the Free State and remained in the United Kingdom, with its own parliament and devolved system of government. Despite these fundamental changes, the 16th-century Act remained unamended on the statute books. From a British perspective, the Irish Free State became legislatively independent with the passage in the British parliament of the Statute of Westminster 1931.
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It was under Bowring that the colony's first ever bilingual English-Chinese law, "An Ordinance for licensing and regulating the sale of prepared opium" (Ordinance No. 2 of 1858), appeared on its statute books. In April the same year, Bowring was the subject of scandal when the case of criminal libel against the editor of the Daily Press, Yorick J Murrow, came to trial. Murrow had written of Bowring's having taken numerous steps to favour the trade of his son's firm, Messrs Jardine, Matheson & Co., enriching it as a result. Murrow, having been found guilty by the jury, emerged from six months' imprisonment to take up precisely where he left off, vilifying Bowring from his press.
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The idea of a body to consider and give a final ruling on the appointment, promotion, transfer or dismissal of judges first arose in 1968 but failed to make the statute books. Pressure for the establishment of a body to bring about an honest, clean, transparent and professional legal system resurfaced in 1998 after president Soeharto resigned from office. On 9 November 2001, during its annual session, the People's Consultative Assembly passed the third amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia, mandating the establishment of a Judicial Commission. The proposal to establish the Judicial Commission was added into the amendment at the last minute and, in the view of some observers, the Commission was established in a hasty way.
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Art Resale Royalty is a right to a royalty payment upon resales of art works, that applies in some jurisdictions. Whilst there are currently approximately 60 countries that have some sort of Resale Royalty on their statute books, evidence of resale schemes that can be said to be actually operating schemes is restricted to Europe, Australia and the American state of California. For example, in May 2011 the European commissions ec.europa webpage on Resale royalty stated that, under the heading 'Indicative list of third countries (Article 7.2)' : 'A letter was sent to Member States on 1 March 2006 requesting that they provide a list of third countries which meet these requirements and that they also provide evidence of application.
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171 Over the coming months, the Liberal, Labour and Conservative whips worked out a truce suspending confrontational politics until either 1 January 1915 or until the end of the War. On 4 August both Asquith and Law made speeches together at the Middlesex Guildhall, and uncomfortably socialised with each other's parties. On 6 August, the Conservatives learnt that Asquith planned to put the Home Rule Bill on the statute books; Law wrote an angry letter to Asquith, the response of which was that Asquith could either pass the bill immediately, suspending it for the duration of the conflict, or make it law with a six-month delay and with a three-year exclusion for Ulster.
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Glanville was involved with many professional institutions and other bodies. He had many contacts abroad through his road research and chaired the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) committee which organised the biennial overseas conference. Glanville was elected President of the ICE in November 1950 and such was his popularity in that office that there was a movement amongst members to waive the law that limits presidents to one term that had long been in the statute books. He was a member of the organising committee of several road related bodies as well as the International Society for Soil Mechanics in 1957 and the ICE conference on civil engineering problems overseas from 1952 to 1970.
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In other words the enforcement of all law must inevitably rest with men. No law or ordinance could be effectually upheld except through the willingness of men to uphold it. And no matter what words were written on the statute books of any State, if the physical power (which is the masculine power) behind it were withdrawn, the law would immediately become void and impotent. Therefore in equal suffrage we have the spectacle of women desiring to pass laws which they are physically incapable of upholding, and laws which they admit the men do not want.” A Los Angeles Times editorial dated August 19, 1911, stated that: “Possession of the ballot will not help woman, socially or industrially.
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The historic Cornish Stannary Parliament last assembled at Truro in 1752, and continued until 11 September 1753.Samuel Lewis, Topographical Dictionary of England, volume I, 1831 The RCSP formed in 1974 claims continuity from the historic parliament on the grounds that the English legal system does not recognise desuetude (laws lapsing through lack of use), and cites the precedent of the Court of Chivalry, which sat in 1952 for the first time in over 200 years. Their contention is that the Stannary Parliament, whilst not in session, still exists. They also point to the fact that the 1508 Charter of Pardon from which the historic parliament derived its powers, was confirmed as still being on the statute books in 1977.
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Hiam Brinjikji, "Property Rights of Women in Nineteenth-Century England". In an instance where no will was found, the English law of primogeniture automatically gave the oldest son the right to all real property, and the daughter only inherited real property in the absence of a male heir. The law of intestate primogeniture remained on the statute books in Britain until the 1925 property legislation simplified and updated England's archaic law of real property. Aware of their daughters' unfortunate situation, fathers often provided them with dowries or worked into a prenuptial agreement pin money, the estate which the wife was to possess for her sole and separate use not subject to the control of her husband, to provide her with an income separate from his.
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Sexual abuse happens because the system of silence around the act perpetuates it. It happens as this system of silence encourages some more people to want it to happen, and so social and cultural attitudes which serve to underestimate woman and child especially, the female child, create an environment in which abuse can flourish...[sic] The rights of women and children and provisions for their protection will be circumscribed into statute books and remain a mere rhetoric until and unless people near them help in their enforcement.” As a result of this case, he asked free medical aid be provided to acid attack and rape victims. He further directed the Government to ensure proper, regular monitoring of Tribal Hostels to prevent any future incidents.
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Whitney, with the chairman of the committee, had the honor of being invited to address the House of Representatives in Committee of the Whole, an honor which had never been conferred on any woman before save Dorothy Dix. In 1900, in New York City, at a meeting of leading and representative women held at the Park Avenue Hotel, Whitney' helped to organize the National Legislative League, of which she was elected a member of the executive committee. To Lillie Devereux Blake, as leader, much credit is due for the passage of the many laws for the benefit of women now on the statute books of that state. The Missouri State Suffrage Association became an auxiliary to the National Legislative League in its organization.
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Lord Macnaghten, who set out the standard categorisation of charitable trusts in IRC v Pemsel. The first definition of a "charitable purpose" was found in the preamble to the Charitable Uses Act 1601. The standard categorisation (since all previous attempts to put it on the statute books were "unduly cumbersome") was set out by Lord Macnaghten in IRC v Pemsel,[1891] AC 531 where he said that "Charity in its legal sense comprises four principal divisions: Trusts for the relief of poverty; trusts for the advancement of education; trusts for the advancement of religion; and trusts for other purposes beneficial to the community". This "charitable purpose" was expanded on in Section 2(2) of the Charities Act 2006, but the Macnaghten categories are still widely used.
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Scots criminal law relies far more heavily on common law than in England and Wales. Scottish criminal law includes offences against the person of murder, culpable homicide, rape and assault, offences against property such as theft and malicious mischief, and public order offences including mobbing and breach of the peace. Scottish criminal law can also be found in the statutes of the UK Parliament with some areas of criminal law, such as misuse of drugs and traffic offences appearing identical on both sides of the Border. Scottish criminal law can also be found in the statute books of the Scottish Parliament such as the Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009 (2009 asp 9) and Prostitution (Public Places) (Scotland) Act 2007 (2007 asp 11) which only apply to Scotland.
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Order of the Prime Minister Field Marshal Sarit Thanarat in 1961 to summarily execute two persons on the charge of lèse majesté Lèse majesté in Thailand is criminalized by Section 112 of the Thai Criminal Code. It is illegal to defame, insult, or threaten the king, queen, heir-apparent, heir-presumptive, or regent. Modern Thai lèse-majesté law has been on the statute books since 1908; "insult" was criminalized and lèse majesté was made a crime against national security in 1957. The punishment, last strengthened in 1976, making Thailand the only constitutional monarchy to do so since World War II, is three to fifteen years' imprisonment per count and has been described as the "world's harshest lèse majesté law" and "possibly the strictest criminal- defamation law anywhere".
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Blake West Virginia Judiciary website While it may not be a violation of due process to enforce a desuetudinal law, the fact that a law has long gone unenforced may present a bar to standing in a suit to prevent its future enforcement. In Poe v. Ullman, the Supreme Court refused to hear a challenge to Connecticut's ban on birth control, writing: > The undeviating policy of nullification by Connecticut of its anti- > contraceptive laws throughout all the long years that they have been on the > statute books bespeaks more than prosecutorial paralysis ... "Deeply > embedded traditional ways of carrying out state policy ..." - or not > carrying it out - "are often tougher and truer law than the dead words of > the written text."Poe v.
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Hans Heinrich Hansen, president of the Federal Union of European Nationalities (FUEN) called the law absurd. According to Hans Heinrich Hansen, president of the Federal Union of European Nationalities (FUEN), "a language law which makes it a punishable offence to use a language does not belong on the statute books of a European country". He said this law is "totally absurd" and "insane". FUEN published an article titled "The right to one's own native language – the language law in Slovakia" in which Hansen is quoted as arguing that the authors of the law made their "first main error in reasoning" by failing to realize that "Hungarian is not a foreign language in Slovakia, but the native language of around 500,000 Hungarian-speaking citizens".
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Montana statute books still provide the death penalty for various non-homicidal crimes against the person, including aggravated kidnapping, aggravated sexual intercourse without consent by a person with a prior record for aggravated sexual intercourse without consent which has resulted in serious bodily injury during the course of committing each offence, and attempted murder, aggravated assault, or aggravated kidnapping committed while in official detention and such person was previously convicted of murder or was found to be a persistent felony offender, and one of the convictions was for an offense against the person Montana Code § 45-5-503. Aggravating circumstances. but the death penalty for these crimes is no longer constitutional since the 2008 U.S. Supreme Court case Kennedy v. Louisiana.
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The current statute law of Northern Ireland comprises those Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that apply to Northern Ireland and Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly, as well as statutory instruments made by departments of the Northern Ireland Executive and the UK Government. Also remaining on the statute books are many Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland passed between 1921 and 1972, certain Acts of the Parliament of Ireland made before the Act of Union 1800, and Acts of the Parliament of England, and of the Parliament of Great Britain, extended to Ireland under Poynings' Law between 1494 and 1782. The expression "Northern Ireland legislation" is defined by statute. The Northern Ireland Act 1998 establishes the legislative competence of the Northern Ireland Assembly.
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During an interlude in the debate the convention recognized "Mother" Mary Harris Jones, a 92-year-old radical trade union activist, who declared to the convention: > "I have known Alex Howat for twenty years, and while I have not always > agreed with Alex, I want to make this statement to the audience and to the > world: That my desire is to have a million Alex Howats in the nation to > fight the battle of the workers. He has fought for his men and he has fought > that damnable law that the governor of Kansas put on the statute books to > enslave the workers. He fought it nobly and is willing to go to death for > it..."Quoted in Foner, History of the Labor Movement in the United States: > Vol. 9, pg. 220.
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Though accusations of bribery did not cause the Tennessee legislature to reconsider its ratification of the suffrage amendment, Alice Paul immediately cautioned that "women are not yet fully free" and that women "can expect nothing from the politicians...until they stand as a unit in a party of their own", saying that discrimination still exists "on the statute books which will not be removed by the ratification". Paul charged that the amendment passed only because "it at last became more expedient for those in control of the Government to aid suffrage than to oppose it". Morris is writer for "Fight for All Rights..." article only. Women surrounded by posters in English and Yiddish supporting Franklin D. Roosevelt, Herbert H. Lehman, and the American Labor Party teach other women how to vote, 1936.
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In The Daily Telegraph Lilian Pizzichini described the book as "a chronological account of theft, murder and riot, and the concurrent methods of restraining the population in the capital" and noted that "Arnold clearly favours the highwayman: her pen- portraits sparkle with the notoriety and swagger of these romantic figures." The Historical Novel Society also praised the work, writing "the author collates a variety of secondary sources in a readable and pacy narrative" and whilst also noting "Arnold makes a strong case to show why capital punishment should remain off the statute books and if there is anything positive to take away from this catalogue of human iniquity, it is that the more enlightened recent attitudes towards the punishment of serious crime has to be a good thing".
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The outbreak of World War I in August 1914 provoked a serious split in the organisation. Redmond, in the interest of ensuring the enactment of the Home Rule Act 1914 then on the statute books, encouraged the Volunteers to support the British and Allied war commitment and join Irish regiments of the British New Army divisions, an action which angered the founding members. Given the wide expectation that the war was going to be a short one, the majority however supported the war effort and the call to restore the "freedom of small nations" on the European continent. They left to form the National Volunteers, some of whose members fought in the 10th and 16th (Irish) Division, side-by-side with their Ulster Volunteer counterparts from the 36th (Ulster) Division.
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Kalinago Reserve Act, Amendment ("The terminology 'Reserve', is a painful reminder of the horrors of colonial rule when native peoples were herded like cattle, and restricted to small unproductive areas of their own country, while the colonialists enriched themselves by exploiting the vast expanses of arable. As a mark of respect for the Carib population and a recognition of their historical and continuing contribution to the building of this nation, an appropriate gesture on the eve of the 21st century might be to erase that racist term from our Statute Books, once and for all."). The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Dominica officially recognized the Kalinago's petition to change the name of "Carib Territory" to "Kalinago Territory". The name change applies to the Chief as well, who is now referred to as Kalinago Chief.
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The term was first used to refer to people, known as recusants,New Catholic Encyclopedia section on 'recusants' who remained loyal to the pope and the Roman Catholic Church and did not attend Church of England services. The "1558 Recusancy Acts" began during the reign of Elizabeth I, and while temporarily repealed during the Interregnum (1649–1660), remained on the statute books until 1888. They imposed punishment such as fines, property confiscation, and imprisonment on those who did not participate in Anglican religious activity.See for example the text of the Act of Uniformity 1559 The suspension under Oliver Cromwell was mainly intended to give relief to nonconforming Protestants rather than to Catholics, to whom some restrictions applied into the 1920s, through the Act of Settlement 1701, despite the 1828 Catholic Emancipation.
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With the outbreak of World War I on 4 August 1914, Asquith proposed a Suspensory Bill for the Home Rule Bill. It received Royal Assent simultaneously with its counterpart, the Government of Ireland Act 1914, on the 18 September. Although the two controversial Bills had now finally reached the statute books, the Suspensory Act ensured that Home Rule would be postponed for the duration of the conflict. In the debate on 15 September in the House of Commons concerning the Suspensory Bill, O'Brien made it again clear "that while we are prepared to pay almost any other price for a general national settlement, there is one price which some of us, at all events, will never in any possible circumstances consent to pay, and that is the dismemberment of our ancient Irish nation".
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The creation of IP-based BEPS tools requires advanced legal and tax structuring capabilities, as well as a regulatory regime willing to carefully encode the complex legislation into the jurisdiction's statute books (note that BEPS tools bring increased risks of tax abuse by the domestic tax base in corporate tax haven's own jurisdiction, see for an example). Modern corporate tax havens, therefore, tend to have large global legal and accounting professional service firms in-situ (many classical tax havens lack this) who work with the government to build the legislation. In this regard, havens are accused of being captured states by their professional services firms. The close relationship between Ireland's International Financial Services Centre professional service firms and the State in Ireland, is often described as the "green jersey agenda".
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He was Senate minority leader from 1920 to 1923. He opposed federal Prohibition as "an attempt to rob the states of their jurisdiction over police matters" and advocated local control of liquor regulation because "the improved conditions which we may naturally expect to find in the lives of the men and women who practice Temperance are not found to predominate in the state where Prohibition laws have been on the statute books for years as compared to those states where liquor is sold under a license system or where Temperance laws are controlled by the sentiment of the local communities."Lamar Taney Beman, ed., Selected Articles on Prohibition of the Liquor Traffic (NY: H.W. Wilson, 1915), 120, 127-8, available online, accessed February 7, 2011 Underwood led the anti-Ku Klux Klan forces at the 1924 Democratic National Convention.
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In September 1908 Prime Minister Lloyd George instructed McKenna, the First Lord of the Admiralty, to build more Dreadnought battleships in the financial year to the following April, the ships were to be financed by a proposed new Land Tax. Lloyd George believed relating national defence to land tax would both provoke the opposition of the House of Lords and rally the people round a simple emotive issue. The House of Lords, composed of wealthy land owners, rejected the Budget in November 1909, leading to a constitutional crisis. LVT was on the UK statute books briefly in 1931, introduced by Philip Snowden's 1931 budget, strongly supported by prominent LVT campaigner Andrew MacLaren MP. MacLaren lost his seat at the next election (1931) and the act was repealed, MacLaren tried again with a private member's bill in 1937; it was rejected 141 to 118.
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The severity of the sentence was measured against the seriousness of the crime. As an attack on the English monarchy's authority, high treason was considered a deplorable act demanding the most extreme form of punishment. Although some convicts had their sentences modified and suffered a less ignominious end, over a period of several hundred years many men found guilty of high treason were subjected to the law's ultimate sanction. They included many English Catholic priests executed during the Elizabethan era, and several of the regicides involved in the 1649 execution of Charles I. Although the Act of Parliament defining high treason remains on the United Kingdom's statute books, during a long period of 19th-century legal reform the sentence of hanging, drawing, and quartering was changed to drawing, hanging until dead, and posthumous beheading and quartering, before being abolished in England in 1870.
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In the 1840s, the United Kingdom brought onto the statute books legislation to control water pollution and was strengthened in 1876 in the Rivers Pollution Prevention Actand was subsequently extended to all freshwaters in the Rivers (Prevention of Pollution) Act 1951 and applied to coastal waters by the Rivers (Prevention of Pollution ) Act 1961 The Environmental Protection Act of 1990 established the system of Integrated Pollution Control(IPC). Currently the clean up of historic contamination is controlled under a specific statutory scheme found in Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act 1996 (Part IIA), as inserted by the Environment Act 1995, and other ‘rules’ found in regulations and statutory guidance. The Act came into force in England in April 2000. Within the current regulatory framework, Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC) is a regime for controlling pollution from certain designated industrial activities.
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Both James I and his son Charles I attempted to suppress the discussion of Magna Carta, until the issue was curtailed by the English Civil War of the 1640s and the execution of Charles. The political myth of Magna Carta and its protection of ancient personal liberties persisted after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 until well into the 19th century. It influenced the early American colonists in the Thirteen Colonies and the formation of the United States Constitution, which became the supreme law of the land in the new republic of the United States. Research by Victorian historians showed that the original 1215 charter had concerned the medieval relationship between the monarch and the barons, rather than the rights of ordinary people, but the charter remained a powerful, iconic document, even after almost all of its content was repealed from the statute books in the 19th and 20th centuries.
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" Chope said that he objects on principle to legislation being introduced to the statute books without debate: "[T]his is something I have fought for in most of my time as an MP and it goes to the very heart of the power balance between the government and Parliament. The government is abusing parliamentary time for its own ends and in a democracy this is not acceptable. The government cannot just bring in what it wants on the nod." It has been suggested that Chope does not object to all such bills, particularly those that align with his own political views and those of his compatriots, with Conservative MP Zac Goldsmith commenting: "In case anyone is tempted to believe he has a principled objection to private members' bills, please note that once again he did not object to those put forward by his friends.
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Easter Proclamation, 1916 Though it received the Royal Assent and was placed on the statute books in 1914, the implementation of the Third Home Rule Act was suspended until after the First World War which defused the threat of civil war in Ireland. With the hope of ensuring the implementation of the Act at the end of the war through Ireland's engagement in the war, Redmond and his Irish National Volunteers supported the UK and its Allies. 175,000 men joined Irish regiments of the 10th (Irish) and 16th (Irish) divisions of the New British Army, while Unionists joined the 36th (Ulster) divisions. The remainder of the Irish Volunteers, who opposed any support of the UK, launched an armed insurrection against British rule in the 1916 Easter Rising, together with the Irish Citizen Army. This commenced on 24 April 1916 with the declaration of independence.
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In 1969, the Bundestag repealed the 1935 Nazi amendment to Paragraph 175, which not only made homosexual acts a felony, but had also made any expressions of homosexuality illegal (before 1935 only gay sex had been illegal). However, Paragraph 175 which made homosexual acts illegal remained on the statute books and was not repealed until 1994, although it had been softened in 1973 by making gay sex illegal only with those under the age of 18. RAF symbol Anger over the treatment of demonstrators following the death of Benno Ohnesorg and the attack on Rudi Dutschke, coupled with growing frustration over the lack of success in achieving their aims, led to growing militancy among students and their supporters. In May 1968, three young people set fire to two department stores in Frankfurt; they were brought to trial and made very clear to the court that they regarded their action as a legitimate act in what they described as the 'struggle against imperialism'.
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Burleigh, Michael and Wolfgang Wipperman. The Racial State: Germany, 1933–1945. New York: Cambridge, 1991. p.183 The German historian Detlev Peukert wrote "no homosexuals obtained reparations after 1945" and only a brave "few" even tried because the 1935 version of Paragraph 175 stayed in effect until 1969, and that despite the way that homosexual survivors had suffered "profound damage to their lives" that they remained outcasts in post- war Germany.Peukert, Detlev Inside Nazi Germany, New Haven: Yale, 1987. p. 220. Peukert used the fact that the Nazi version of Paragraph 175 stayed on the statute books until 1969 because it was a "healthy law" as Chancellor Adenauer called it in 1962 and the complete refusal of the German state to pay compensation to gay survivors to argue that Nazi Germany was not some "freakish aberration" from the norms of the West, and the Nazi campaign against homosexuals should be considered part of a broader homophobic campaign throughout the world.
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When New Zealand ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in 1985, it reserved the right not to apply the Convention insofar as it conflicted with existing policies prohibiting women from taking up combat roles in the military. The policy was reflected in the Human Rights Act 1993 with a clause exempting the armed forces from the prohibition against discrimination on the basis of gender in regards to combat roles.Human Rights Act 1993, section 33 (repealed): "Nothing in section 22 of this Act shall prevent preferential treatment based on sex being given within the Armed Forces to any member of those forces who has the duty of serving in an active combat role in those forces". The policy against women serving in combat was formally rescinded by the NZDF in 2000, but the exemption remained on the statute books as a barrier to full ratification of the CEDAW.
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The plot was the last crime for which the sentence was applied. Reformation of England's capital punishment laws continued throughout the 19th century, as politicians such as John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, sought to remove from the statute books many of the capital offences that remained. Robert Peel's drive to ameliorate law enforcement saw petty treason abolished by the Offences against the Person Act 1828, which removed the distinction between crimes formerly considered as petty treason, and murder. The Royal Commission on Capital Punishment 1864–1866 recommended that there be no change to treason law, quoting the "more merciful" Treason Felony Act 1848, which limited the punishment for most treasonous acts to penal servitude. Its report recommended that for "rebellion, assassination or other violence ...we are of opinion that the extreme penalty must remain", although the most recent occasion (and ultimately, the last) on which anyone had been sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered was in November 1839, following the Chartist Newport Rising—and those men sentenced to death were instead transported.
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Despite keeping his homosexual affairs discreet and out of the public eye, in the mid-1950s, Montagu became "one of the most notorious public figures of his generation," after his conviction and imprisonment for "conspiracy to incite certain male persons to commit serious offences with male persons," a charge which was also used in the Oscar Wilde trials in 1895, which was derived from a law that remained on the statute books until 1967. In old age, Montagu reminisced about it in these terms: > In the cold war atmosphere of the 1950s, when witch hunts later called the > Lavender Scare were ruining the lives of many gay men and lesbian women in > the United States, the parallel political atmosphere in Britain was > virulently anti-homosexual. The then Home Secretary, Sir David Maxwell Fyfe, > had promised "a new drive against male vice" that would "rid England of this > plague." As many as 1,000 men were locked up in Britain's prisons every year > amid a widespread police clampdown on homosexual offences.
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Ulster Unionist Party leader Walter Long who proposed the creation of two Irish home rule entities. On 11 April 1912, the Prime Minister, H. H. Asquith, introduced the Third Home Rule Bill which allowed for more autonomy than its two predecessors had.Hansard online, start of the debate 11 April 1912 It was defeated twice, but after its defeat for the third time in the Lords the Government used the provisions of the Parliament Act 1911 to override the Lords and send it for Royal Assent, which was received and the bill placed on the statute books on 18 September 1914. (SN/PC/675) However, with the outbreak of the First World War, it was decided that the bill's implementation should be suspended, leading to the passing of the Suspensory Act 1914, which was presented for Royal Assent simultaneously with both the Home Rule Bill and the Welsh Church Act 1914, and ensured that Home Rule would be postponed for the duration of the conflictJackson, Alvin Home Rule: An Irish History 1800—2000 p.164, Phoenix Press (2003) and would not come into operation until the end of the war.
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Following the outbreak of World War I in August, and the successful placement of the Home Rule Act on the statute books (albeit with its implementation formally postponed), Redmond made a speech in Woodenbridge, County Wicklow on 20 September, in which he called for members of the Volunteers to enlist in an intended Irish Army Corps of Kitchener's New British Army. He pledged his support to the Allied cause, saying in his address: > The interests of Ireland -- of the whole of Ireland -- are at stake in this > war. This war is undertaken in the defence of the highest principles of > religion and morality and right, and it would be a disgrace for ever to our > country and a reproach to her manhood and a denial of the lessons of her > history if young Ireland confined their efforts to remaining at home to > defend the shores of Ireland from an unlikely invasion, and to shrinking > from the duty of proving on the field of battle that gallantry and courage > which has distinguished our race all through its history. I say to you, > therefore, your duty is twofold.
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Queensland and New South Wales abolished the forced divorce provisions from the statute books in June 2018, though both jurisdictions still require an individual to have undergone surgery before being permitted to alter their sex descriptor on a certificate. In Tasmania, a bill was introduced in the Parliament in October 2018 by the Hodgman Liberal Government to repeal only the forced divorce requirement. However, amendments moved by the Labor opposition and the Greens were successfully passed by the House of Assembly in November 2018 over government opposition, which: repealed the requirement for sex reassignment surgery, recognised non-binary genders, made the inclusion of gender optional on a birth certificate, lowered the age a person can change their legal gender without parental permission to 16, allowed parents of children of any age to apply for gender change consistent with the "will and preference" of the child, extended the time limit after birth for parents of intersex children to register their child's birth to 120 days and updated anti-discrimination law. The bill passed the Parliament in April 2019 and received royal assent the following month, with the majority of the bill commencing on the same day.
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