In his thin face were the eyes that are seen in only two sorts of men: those who are up on spiritualism and those who are down on spiritualism.
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And yes, there's an attendant glimmer of New Age spiritualism.
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"It's one of the few animals with spiritualism," he said.
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So far, spiritualism has proved Swann's most valuable vernacular subject.
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Houghton found no conflict between spiritualism and her Christian faith.
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It wasn't about study or dancing or spiritualism or aesthetic refinement.
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Williamson herself is a testament to the fluidity of contemporary spiritualism.
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Women who might have otherwise been institutionalized found celebrity through Spiritualism instead.
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Through Salinger, she'd become passionate about holistic medicine and New Age spiritualism.
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Shaw exposes how sectarian cults use spiritualism and esoteric language to enlist believers.
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The irony is that scientists and intellectuals have long been interested in Spiritualism.
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Great swathes of society were inspired by the possibilities spiritualism seemed to offer.
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More than perhaps any other religious practice, Spiritualism has an iconography rooted in photography.
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What emerged was a potent, powerful, and very strange religious movement known as Spiritualism.
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There's a kind of homegrown spiritualism on display in her own increasingly desperate escapades.
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Taggart's own first brushes with Spiritualism coincided with her introduction to photography as a teenager.
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Neptune was discovered during the invention of photography and the rise of séances and spiritualism.
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There was no religious component to the meal, no spiritualism beyond the fellowship of it.
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Theater exposes spiritualism's artifice, spiritualism lays bare theater's attempts to persuade and enthrall an audience.
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While Chautauqua's engine is philosophical — arts-focused education for grown-ups — Spiritualism is a religious practice.
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Some are also criticizing what they see as too much emphasis on physical fitness over spiritualism.
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What does it mean to be satisfied and overly satisfied, and is there spiritualism in materialism?
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Nearly from the beginning, photography and its complicated images were entwined with the public perception of Spiritualism.
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Yet he is so fascinated by mystery and enigma that he almost unconsciously suffuses it with spiritualism.
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By this time, she had already embraced spiritualism, and had been attending séances since she was seventeen.
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Liberal would soon become a hotspot for spiritualism, with encampments featuring mediums attracting thousands to Catalpa Park.
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What does the continuing popularity of books about 1850s spiritualism and ghost photography say about us today?
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Mumler's high-profile arrest for fraud put Spiritualism on trial in the courts and the public square.
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I asked Whitney White, who directs "Our Dear Dead Drug Lord," what makes spiritualism difficult to stage.
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Historically, in Western spiritualism, a spirit guide is said to serve as a kind of human protector.
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Others swore by her gifts, and she maintains a fiercely loyal following in the world of spiritualism.
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It&aposs a group of people who want to take their spiritualism outside of their regular Sunday church.
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However, there was a large increase in interest and belief in spiritualism in the period Hope worked in.
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Their ability to talk to spirits quickly grew national attention, launching the movement that became known as Spiritualism.
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These nations are bounded by mountains and forests and buttes, with embracing clans, leaders and spiritualism woven deep.
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Here, a potent mix of poverty and spiritualism drives thousands of young women to make the dangerous journey.
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The West's erroneous homogenized Africa of poverty, famine, and conflict now coupled with one of sunrises, spiritualism, and showtunes.
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"For some, Spiritualism was an amusing parlor game; for others, it was a life-long scientific passion," says Tucker.
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"Spiritualism and photography, they came about almost in the same time in the mid-19th century," Taggart told Hyperallergic.
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Meanwhile, Annie opens a cardboard box of her mother's possessions and finds a yellow hardback entitled "Notes on Spiritualism".
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Ouija boards are directly linked to the popularity of Spiritualism in the U.S. from the 1840s to the 1920s.
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In 19203, for example, there were no less than 150 lectures on spiritualism advertised in the Spiritual Telegraph newspaper.
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Psychic mediums from the golden age of spiritualism emerge into a quizzical, pixelated future in Alison Blickle's mesmerizing paintings.
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The Foxes' exploits contributed to the birth of Spiritualism, though one later admitted they had made their experiences up.
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Fin-de-siècle spiritualism also had a radicalizing effect on music: "Le Fils des Étoiles" was only the beginning.
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It was one of those Lily Dale messages that inspired photographer Shannon Taggart to spend 16 years documenting contemporary Spiritualism.
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"I think churches gave me another leve of spiritualism within my characters and my art," Okuda tells The Creators Project.
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To that end, Ptacin collects insights and highlights from the history of spiritualism but mostly concentrates on Etna's current practitioners.
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Both originated in the mid-1800s, and since its inception, Spiritualism has sought to establish credence through supposed photographic evidence.
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Witchy and prescient, Hilma af Klint's paintings from the early 1900s curiously combine spiritualism with an interest in evolutionary biology.
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Today, Spiritualism has become big business, as Americans increasingly turn away from organized religion in favor of other spiritual trends.
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Houston Conwill, a sculptor best known for collaborative site-specific works celebrating African-American culture and spiritualism, died on Nov.
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As far as the name, I wouldn't say I'm religious, but I'm just real conscious when it comes to spiritualism.
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Other scholars have traced this mishmash of mind cures, millennialism, mesmerism, spiritualism, theosophy and other strains of pseudoscience and mysticism.
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The plot is similarly syncretic, a mélange of updated folklore, contemporary eco-spiritualism and tried-and-true Disney-Pixar formula.
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The 1864 Spectropia used optical illusions to manifest ghosts in Victorian homes, and was designed to attack the quackery of Spiritualism.
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In the early to mid 1800s, Miller's upstate New York home spawned Mormonism and Spiritualism and fuelled the Second Great Awakening.
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The Journal also reported that Rebekah Neumann "pushes to infuse spiritualism in We," according to former employees who worked with her.
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Its single, sprawling, half-hour track is a bewildering fusion of jazz, Hindu spiritualism, and the Tibetan Book of the Dead.
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Overall, the show presents not as much a unified vision than a suggestion of spiritualism behind a heterogeneous selection of work.
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Trisha Baga's brand of weirdness draws from science fiction, spiritualism and contemporary oracles like Wikipedia and Alexa, the digital personal assistant.
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Baldwin was a trenchant critic of spiritualism and his early shows, performed with his then wife Clara, sought to demystify 'supernatural' feats.
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Though best remembered for animal stories, Kipling also flirted extensively in his fiction (and sometimes personal practice) with spiritualism and the paranormal.
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This unique series especially speaks to the fascination these artists had not only Spiritualism, but also with science, religion, philosophy, and history.
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And, thanks to theosophical believers like Mondrian, Kandinsky, and Hilma af Klint, spiritualism itself has had a pivotal role in abstract art.
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Modern spiritualism, in which seances played a major role, promoted the idea that life did not end when someone's physical form died.
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"During times of war or high death rates, spiritualism and beliefs in the unknown are easier to be capitalized upon," Belknap adds.
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In a socially boisterous art world inspired by Existentialism, jazz, and booze, Richard Pousette-Dart preferred introversion, secular spiritualism, and depth psychology.
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Houdini, a star witness, shared the results of his investigations into spiritualism, calling mediums "mental degenerates" and cross-examining professional psychics himself.
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From there, I began studying the subject in more detail—even moving to England to study at the Arthur Findlay College of Spiritualism.
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So it's been a great place for the community to come to get some great jazz, some great spiritualism and some great food.
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Via the lecture circuit, seances, and other activities in which people attempted to talk to the dead, spiritualism became a significant cultural force.
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And Light Industry in Greenpoint will screen early shorts that draw on the prevailing interest in spiritualism at the time they were made.
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But it was one of woo-woo spiritualism, too, with mesmerists entrancing the ailing, and mediums trying to coax conversation from the dead.
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"Our last album was the most personal and autobiographical we've ever been," lead singer Natalie Maines said on the "Spiritualism" podcast in September.
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Such spirit drawings emerged from the Victorian fascination with Spiritualism, along with paintings and books purportedly inspired or even produced entirely by the dead.
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The balance between spiritualism and pragmatism comes from embracing the beauty and mysticism in religion while also realizing science and philosophy hold beauty, too.
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Born in England, she has come to the United States, the home of spiritualism, to practice her profession in a place that respects it.
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Shannon Taggart started photographing the mediums of Lily Dale in 2001, and for 16 years after has documented the séances and practices of modern Spiritualism.
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The institute has also sued cities, including Sedona — a tourist destination known for its red sandstone and spiritualism — and Jerome, over short-term rental regulations.
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They built transient communities around shared values of spiritualism, anarchism, and ecology, and sustained through meet-ups, convoys, free festivals and pilgrimages to sacred sites.
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Henry Wallace, the WASP vice-president of Franklin Roosevelt, perhaps the WASPiest of all Presidents, was an adherent to New Age spiritualism in the 1940s.
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But in the United States most ayahuasca users are seeking a post-religious kind of spiritualism—or, perhaps, pre-religious, a pagan worship of nature.
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Her embrace of abstraction derived from her devotion to spiritualism, which involved holding regular séances with other women to gain insights into the nature of existence.
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Spiritualism may have gone the way of sniffing salts, but the ghost stories in this collection are as enjoyable now as they were for the Victorians.
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The origins of the Ouija Board can actually be traced all the way back to the American Spiritualism movement, which peaked in the mid- to late-1800s.
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Nonetheless astrology lived on in the Spiritualism movement of the 19th century, and later still became a feature in New Age psychology circles in the 20th century.
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Despite the involvement and support of influential men, Spiritualism remained primarily the work of women, and coincided with the first major feminist movement in the United States.
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Such subtle, reverent details exemplify the spiritualism that has long been an integral part of Japanese culture, manifested in the country's two main religions, Shinto and Buddhism.
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It didn't take long for con artists to come up with "spiritual" gimmicks that did nothing more than take people's money and sour their belief in spiritualism.
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In confronting the looming horror of the Civil War, many Americans found a fuller summation of their hopes and fears in Spiritualism than in something more sober.
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Af Klint was an ardent seeker who looked to many religions and belief systems, including spiritualism, Christianity, Theosophy, and Steiner's creation, Anthroposophy, for knowledge about the universe.
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In the United States in the late 1800s, Spiritualism, a religious movement in which séances to communicate with the dead were a central practice, was incredibly popular.
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"The Thin Place," directed by Les Waters, joins Alexis Scheer's "Our Dear Dead Drug Lord" — and maybe, if you squint, "A Christmas Carol" — in putting spiritualism onstage.
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If I had to guess why spiritualism makes such rare appearances in the theater, I would suggest it's because each makes the other look like a fraud.
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Though it's reductive to draw a straight line from Spiritualism to Williamson, the author-candidate does continue a tradition of occultism (broadly constituted) as connected to social activism.
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Historians don't know for sure what Winchester did in this room, but spiritualism and seances were not only common in Victorian times, they were accepted, according to Boehme.
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In mid-19th century New York, the Fox sisters' public seances popularized Spiritualism, right around the time that Pierce and Lincoln were trying to reach their dead sons.
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At the height of the Spiritualism craze, wealthy families would commission artists to make custom tarot decks, and their modern counterparts are returning to the medium with gusto.
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The bloody Civil War meant there were voids in almost every American community, and the rise of Spiritualism encouraged a closer religious connection between life and the afterlife.
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Curated by Pam Grossman of Phantasmaphile, the exhibition coincides with February's Occult Humanities Conference at NYU, which will further explore alchemy, spiritualism, witchcraft, and other occult influences on art.
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This led to the increased interest in spiritualism, in its own right and as an aspect of religious belief and a cultural phenomenon, as well as a scientific one.
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Communal sex and drug use were a way of life as Manson became a messiah to the runaways, outcasts and criminals drawn by his charisma, intimidation and twisted spiritualism.
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Determined to reconnect with her son, Pierce invited the Fox sisters, key figures in the Modern Spiritualism movement from upstate New York, into the White House to hold seances.
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" She suggested he had fallen through the cracks of occult history, but added: "I don't want to pass judgment, but this was a time people were interested in spiritualism.
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She says she discovered her gift while working as a tarot card reader, and from there went on to study at the Arthur Findlay College of Spiritualism in Essex, England.
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There's a general trend toward a post-traditional spiritualism or transcendentalism in France and Britain (and there are many good books that look at those movements in parallel to Germany).
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Certainly, the erotic appearance of many is undeniable despite her protestations, though the Tate takes pains to argue how other factors including spiritualism, music, and form fed into her practice.
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From communing with the dead to palmistry, spiritualism has attracted many First Ladies, especially as a strategy for dealing with the demands of living and working in the White House.
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There were exceptions, of course: I saw, on his bookshelf, two volumes of Helena Blavatsky's "The Secret Doctrine," 19th-century work of esoteric spiritualism whose anti-Semitism influenced Nazi thinking.
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Which is why in many instances the interests that Pinker dismisses as irrational hugger-mugger, everything from astrology to spiritualism, have tended to strengthen during periods of real scientific ferment.
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In the middle of the 19th century, the rise of Spiritualism, the belief that the living can communicate with the dead, was bound up with the era's astonishing technological developments.
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He is less and less comfortable with the smiling, full-service spiritualism of Abundant Life, and more and more alienated from the beliefs and institutions that had once sustained him.
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I mean, I already employ my own personal cocktail of extensively researched pop-psychology, woke Russell Brandisms, astrology, and New Age spiritualism for free when it comes to advising my friends.
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The museum's exhibition, Hilma af Klint: Paintings for the Future, predominantly explores how the artist synthesized her dual interests of spiritualism and evolutionary biology into a prescient forecast of modern life.
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" In their History of Women's Suffrage, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony single out Spiritualism as "The only religious sect in the world…that has recognized the equality of woman.
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Hunger for proof of a world beyond our own fuelled the rise of spiritualism in the mid-nineteenth century, and then the birth of mentalism as a form of popular entertainment.
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Emerging in the 19th century from New York's "Burned-Over District," so nicknamed for its intensity of religious fervor, Spiritualism was centered on communicating with the dead, particularly through mediums and séances.
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The second was the development of "modern spiritualism," which was sold as a new kind of religion that offered empirical evidence of miraculous phenomena, where more traditional religions might have preached faith.
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Turned out that a number of legendary figures in experimental psychology had been involved with magic and spiritualism, but it wasn't the sort of work you'd find referenced in a contemporary textbook.
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For many political observers and Twitter wags, Thursday night's debate was the first introduction to Marianne Williamson's curious mix of left-wing politics, difficult to place mid-Atlantic accent, and overt spiritualism.
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His activism was as much a product of his Buddhist spiritualism as it was of the liberal Jewish tradition into which he was born; those two influences remained inseparable throughout his life.
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When the moments of true spiritualism shone through, usually as the moon waned in the sky, and the Milky Way spread across the ink-jet night, my awe was tinged with guilt.
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While Mackenberg never imagined an era in which purported psychics trolled social media for personal details about their marks, she continued ghost-busting long enough to spot trends in the spiritualism trade.
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Women found freedom through Victorian spiritualism, which included practicing séances with the dead; mesmerism, the belief that "animal magnetism" was used to move energy through bodies; and a general interest in the occult.
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So it wasn't just gullible people who were interested in spiritualism, there were also scientific people who were looking for genuine evidence of spiritual phenomena and using scientific methodology to research the unknown.
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The emergence of Spiritualism is traced to March 31, 1848 in Hydesville, New York, where sisters Kate and Margaret Fox claimed they'd made contact with a spirit, communicating through a series of taps.
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It's why this film—uneven as it is at times—has a distinct and compelling charge, and why the reboot is far more connected to the tradition of Spiritualism than the 1984 original.
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Last year, Vodun's album Possession sent more than a few shockwaves through the Noisey office with its offbeat blend of hefty stoner doom, low-slung blues, heavy psych rock, and West African spiritualism.
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The intimately imagined social hierarchy and inner lives of the pachyderms are as layered — with spiritualism, intricate relationships among members of the herd and even poems and song — as any human family epic.
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Among the more recent big shifts in how we conceive of supernatural communication occurred around the time of Charles Darwin, when there was an explosion of secular interest in the numinous, called spiritualism.
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Some of the works in this series are near-beatific (but also humorous and absurd) especially those that Katchadourian calls "High Altitude Spirit Photography," alluding to 19-century spirit photography and esoteric spiritualism.
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In the scene above, Laura Barlow (Portman) explains to her onscreen little sister Kate (Depp) that they will have a new level of financial security after signing on to appear in a movie about spiritualism.
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But with his overt spiritualism and his humble bearing, Washington has reawakened the widespread longing for a Coltrane-like figure who might lead jazz out of the desert of obscurity and restore its spiritual purpose.
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Regardless, nineteenth-century Spiritualism was inextricably connected to reform in the years around the Civil War, which helped to popularize and promote a transformative political agenda in New England, the mid-Atlantic, and the Midwest.
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Civil War America was a hot bed of spiritualism, and at its center was a generation of women who had lost their husbands, fathers, and brothers, but were still denied basic political and financial rights.
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Spiritualism, "which … held as its central tenet that the spirits of the dead continued to exist on another plane and could be contacted by human mediums," was huge, and inspired a resurgence of ghost stories.
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These are small matters, however, against a bigger picture of a world on the cusp of modernity, with Conan Doyle standing Janus-faced, looking forward and back between scientific method and spiritualism; between liberalism and tradition.
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While American spiritualism is often depicted as rooted in Native American, Caribbean, Latin American or African cultures, spiritualists today span a vast racial spectrum, and Southwest Florida represents a mere sliver of the broader spiritual diaspora.
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Art by and about black Brazilians, as well as indigenous Brazilians, sat at the center of last year's Bienal de São Paulo, whose optimistic, at times naïve spiritualism was meant as a rebuke to Western rationality.
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Spiritualism also gave women a way to break free of patriarchal institutions, such as the art world, by granting them direct access to a higher authority (it is not a coincidence that most mediums have been women).
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Maggie and Kate's eldest sister, Leah Fox Underhill, promoted her sisters' talents before settling in New York City, where she offered to lead séances for the wealthy and influential, helping to ensure the widespread dissemination of Spiritualism.
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Nothing if not period appropriate, at least in its early years, the show positioned Eddy and Patsy as avatars of a hilariously clueless, grasping materialism, while riffing on the likes of spiritualism, family life and pop culture.
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Along with the chance to see the likes of Iggy Pop, Spiritualized and Courtney Barnett & Kurt Vile, Desert Daze also offers probably the closest thing an American rock festival has to the hippy spiritualism of Glastonbury's healing fields.
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Ms. Pierre, who lives in Brooklyn, draws from religious-art sources, as well as mythology and spiritualism to make paintings in which the human bodies are blue or purple or multihued and conversions or epiphanies are taking place.
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An outing in the New Forest prompts a discussion of Arthur Conan Doyle's spiritualism; in Oxford, we hear the story of Roger Bannister during a detour to see the track where he ran the first sub-four-minute mile.
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Spiritualism was fermented in the heady brew that flooded the "burned-over district" of upstate New York in the early nineteenth century, when a series of religious revivals known as the Second Great Awakening would radically alter American religion.
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There's also a sequence, early on, in which Annie, sorting through her mother's stuff, picks up a volume entitled "Guide to Spiritualism," which may not give the game away but certainly advertises what sort of game we can expect.
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Meanwhile, the invention of photography in the 1830s led to "spirit" photographs, a phenomenon influenced by the rise of Spiritualism in the United States and England, whose practitioners believed that spirits were all around us and ready to communicate.
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He also discovered his love for sculpture, which, combined with his studies in the organic sciences and spiritualism, explains the persistence of primordial forms, observational analysis of the human body, and themes of birth and mortality throughout his work.
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The items acquired by the museum included a walnut table, a Burmese chest in which Yeats stored manuscripts, a series of Japanese masks, and a collection of objects that show the influence of occultism and spiritualism on Yeats's work.
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From Paris, dealer Hervé Perdriolle will showcase boldly colored, oil-on-wood nature scenes by the Moroccan Ali Maimoune, which bring to mind the earth-honoring spiritualism of the paintings of the late Jamaican Intuitive Everald Brown (1917-2003).
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Elizabeth tells Bonnie she doesn't like the energy in the house, or the energy around her, but Bonnie's still wary of her mother's spiritualism and extremely wary of what secrets she might be able to learn if she looks too closely.
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A quasi-denomination, Spiritualism holds that death is not the end of life, and that those residents in the domain of the former are still able to communicate to those of us who exist in the realm of the latter.
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In the patter of a Catskill comedian, he delivers commentary on males, mail, people and their pets, semiotics, spiritualism, and the "Picture People," that 19983st century tribe tethered to their phones or photo albums, hunting for evidence that they exist.
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Mr. Hart developed a reputation in the 28s as one of the most adaptive and sympathetic drummers in jazz, adding subtle shading and suspense-building mobility to Herbie Hancock's electric fusion, Pharoah Sanders's avant-garde spiritualism and Billy Harper's Afrocentric postbop.
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The photographs were from her new book, "Séance," the result of her 18003-year exploration of Spiritualism, the religious movement based on a belief in the possibility of communication between the living and the dead that emerged from New York in the 1840s.
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" Bakht and Palmer add that the law is superfluous to overarching fraud laws: "While there is a social good inherent in preventing fraud, the line between legitimate practices, such as religious prophecy or spiritualism, and illegitimate or criminal pretending seems arbitrarily drawn.
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Of course, photography itself was still in its infancy, and when you add grief and Spiritualism to the equation, there's no telling just how far the human mind is willing to go to make some sort of sense out of the afterlife.
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Spiritualism, the religious movement centered on the belief that the spirit survives earthly death and can communicate with the living, was at its peak in the early 210th century; its most famous advocate was probably Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes.
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But I also had an illusionist for a john once upon a time and he told me a few things that rapidly disappointed my early interest in Spiritualism, which I suppose was a natural sort of thing for a young orphan to yearn after.
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And sure enough, spiritualism in this country tended to flourish when Americans were dying in greatest numbers from less-than-natural causes: after the Civil War and World War I, for example, when families were forced to grieve for young men before they were ready.
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But the Ghostbusters franchise borrows far less from the history of Spiritualism than it does films like the 1937 Disney short, Lonesome Ghosts, in which Mickey, Donald and Goofy work as "ghost exterminators," called to a haunted house by some bored ghosts looking for pranks.
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Rather, the music itself is rooted in tradition, from its emphasis on Nordic spiritualism to the instrumentation itself— deer-hide frame drums, Kraviklyra, tagelharpe, mouth harp, goat horn, and various field recordings of Norwegian nature sounds play a huge role in the band's sound.
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It currently stands as an exemplar of what can happen when disciplines are freed from constrictions, and the questions his work raises about the relationship between spiritualism and art, as well as the use of non-traditional tools in the creative process, will always be relevant.
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Spiritualism may have peaked by the turn of the 20th century, but it accrued a bit of New Age energy in the 1970s, and some reality show love a few decades later (TLC's "The Long Island Medium," otherwise known as Theresa Caputo, is an appealing contemporary example).
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Watch: Inside the Satanic Temple's Fight to Protect Your Abortion Rights The coalition uses scripture and theological perspectives to support their work, claiming that their combined religious beliefs (which range from Catholicism, Islam, and Hinduism to Earth-centered spiritualism) compel them to advocate for access to reproductive healthcare.
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Whether portraying women as provocative street warriors in the concrete jungle or as mythical goddesses placed in surrealist environments, Lady Pink, the long-reigning queen of graffiti, consistently elevates the female figure through her murals and paintings by incorporating themes of fantasy, spiritualism, her South American heritage, and indigenous iconography.
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It might seem like quite a lot of pages to devote to one early 20th-century mystery, but Josiffe contextualizes Gef within a paranormal moment in Great Britain (emerging alongside such cryptids as the less verbose Loch Ness Monster, who drew international notice in 1933), as well as the enduring engagement with Spiritualism.
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For example, spiritualism — one of the great early homegrown American theologies, in which mediums were believed to communicate with the dead — grew out of this need: a desire to take the sting out of death, and to keep the boundary between life and death a bit more porous, a bit less terrifying.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads In the mid-1800s, with Spiritualism at its height in the US, a photographer named William H. Mumler started creating spirit photographs, duping the people of Boston (and New York) into believing that the ghosts of their loved ones appeared standing next to them in studio portraits.
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At its best, it could have been a focused dissection of the implications of Minimalist as it pertains to wider social contexts, particularly that of Southeast Asia, where the latent spiritualism shared by Minimalism manifests in forms such as film (the cinema of Apichatpong Weerasethakul, for example) but is never directly under its auspice.
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Ms. Goldsmith went on to write several more well-received books, notably "Other Powers: The Age of Suffrage, Spiritualism and the Scandalous Victoria Woodhull" (22), about the women's rights advocate who in 2500 became the first woman to run for president of the United States, and "Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie" (240).
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His discussion of the links between 19th-century Spiritualism, the early feminist movement and contemporary New Age beliefs; his account of the red dwarf who is said to have haunted Detroit since the city's founding, in 1701; and his recognition that ghost stories can aid the work of historic preservation: All of these are absorbing.
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Spiritualism developed as a movement in the mid-19th-century and peaked among the late Victorians, with another surge just after World War I. Its adherents (of which there are still quite a few) believe that the dead can communicate with the living, usually through a medium, typically a woman, who can liaise between worlds.
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During World War II, risking arrest, he declared himself a war resister, and, in a socially boisterous artistic milieu inspired by Existentialism, jazz, and booze, Pousette-Dart preferred introversion, secular spiritualism, and depth psychology, much of it cultivated through his readings of texts by such like-minded figures as the mathematician P.D. Ouspenskii and the artist John Graham.
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Over the years, as she got more access and engaged with the Spiritualist community, she traveled to a center for physical mediumship in France, and learned how to use a medium's cabinet in the UK. While no longer quite the sensation it was in the 19th century, Spiritualism remains as a bridge between life and death, and as a way to emotionally engage with that divide.
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The typical summer group show rarely offers much more than a snackable smattering of art showcasing the strengths of a particular gallery's program, but Jack Shainman Gallery's The Coffins of Paa Joe and the Pursuit of Happiness, spread across one of its Chelsea spaces and the School in Kinderhook, NY, offers a smorgasbord of spiritualism that effectively hits on both of the above points of existential reckoning.
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A lapsed Catholic, he now announced himself a Spiritualist, but did not begin proselytizing for his new creed until World War I. The deaths of his oldest son, Kingsley (in 1918), his brother (the following year) and two nephews (shortly after the war) led him to embrace Spiritualism with all his heart, convinced it was a "New Revelation" delivered by God to console the bereaved.
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Taggart returned to Lily Dale numerous times over the next decade and a half to participate in trance and hypnosis sessions and explore the various phenomena of Spiritualism and spirit photography, including automatic writing (a practice in which a person transcribes messages they believe are from the dead) and ectoplasm, the strange, viscous substance that Spiritualists allege comes out of the body of a medium who has encountered a spirit.
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