Can we tag along, see what it's like, you know, sociologically?
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Sociologically, this campaign has been an education in how societies come apart.
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It's more important than you might think, sociologically, to get an accent right.
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Ms. Halprin's aim was to integrate black and white bodies — physically, psychologically and sociologically.
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"Scholars will tell you that Salafism does not lead to jihadism, sociologically," he said.
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For a modern audience, this story treads on territory that is quite sensitive, sociologically speaking.
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Many of these artists, like this Documenta as a whole, use art instrumentally, sociologically, to political ends.
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By the 1980 revival, the show struck some as close to a period piece, at least sociologically.
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There is something going on sociologically with the fact that these kids are showing up at school.
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"When you step back historically and sociologically, it's clear education has really ratcheted up along these cognitive dimensions," Baker said.
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The Supreme Court held that this formula was sociologically outdated and it's failure to use more recent data was unconstitutional.
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But sociologically, there's ample evidence that there is a difference in terms of how speech is perceived and acted upon.
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Sociologically, the Trump die-hards are the most fascinating — the ones who tell us things about how American society is changing.
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Sociologically speaking, he adds, if large buttocks are being paired with prestige, it can make you find large buttocks more attractive.
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"The Spanish left is split in two sociologically and ideologically," says Manuel Arias Maldonado, a political scientist at the University of Málaga.
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Sociologically speaking, Trump's white working-class supporters in rural areas and his white working-class supporters in industrial towns are very similar.
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Sociologically speaking, could a nod from the administration like this have a trickle-down effect that changes not just college admissions but hiring, too?
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As Between Quran and Kafka shows, Kermani sees poetry as much more than a play for position in a sociologically defined field of aesthetic power.
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Sociologically, East Coast Straussians are more aligned with the party elite, and tend to be found in Washington think tanks and serving as career bureaucrats.
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The need to write about enslaved people sociologically — what happened to the group as a whole — should not foreclose considerations of individual enslaved people's lives.
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I would put it a little more sociologically and say that the use of violence is a constant in human life — it's always a possibility.
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When that show first appeared in 2002, it broke with the Hollywood formulas besetting other dramas about drugs, crime and the police by being sociologically exact.
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Mark Zuckerberg: Okay, so what ends up working, right– sociologically and psychologically, the thing that ends up actually being effective is giving people a range of choices.
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Like Samuel D. Hunter's "Greater Clements," which recently ended its run at Lincoln Center, "Paris" is a solid addition to the expanding genre of sociologically detailed working-class American dramas.
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But apart from being a sociologically revealing portrait of America in 2017, Starsky's staff might also foreshadow changes to the workplace that will arrive in other industries in the years to come.
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All the contradictions between thought-through, delicately considered, sociologically sensitive narrative and dumb-as-hell thriller-adventure become obvious as the film lurches from scene to scene, shifting tonally and conceptually as it goes.
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Four tracks from her 2015 major-label debut album, "Title," hit the top 15, but her songs were sometimes accused of retrograde gender politics: As a pop star, she was about five decades behind, sociologically.
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It's when things feel out of control sociologically, culturally and politically, and the way you deal with it is you go into a dark theater and you share something terrifying with a group of strangers.
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When art can be pinned to a pullover, the briefest glance around the society of the spectacle is enough to remind us that some of this collection's intellectual and aesthetic limitations are also, sociologically, among its attractions.
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That has somewhat distracted us, and maybe even allowed us to escape worrying about what I think is the more deeper change, that pulling apart physically and psychologically and sociologically and politically, the upper third and the lower third.
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Malcolm Gladwell, for instance, is the king of pithily titled, sociologically inflected narrative nonfiction with a vaguely entrepreneurial self-help feel; his "Outliers" has spent 208 weeks on the paperback nonfiction list and is currently No. 7 on the monthly business list.
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"The price of fuel is as politically and sociologically sensitive as the price of wheat in the ancient regime," said Mr. Fourquet, referring to the 18th century when it was in part revolts over the price of flour that led to the French Revolution.
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Each chapter is both a memorial to the forgotten and a case study for the sociologically minded — a window into a culture "uniquely incapable" of preventing the deaths of those who still watch the Cartoon Network and think Uno is the greatest card game in the world.
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When Henry's not working for the British government flushing out Russian spies, he meets with an Inklings-like group of popular-fiction fans at a local pub and reads aloud from his rapidly accumulating notes for the tale of a sociologically believable fantasy realm called Anterwold.
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My strong guess is that the future "majority-minority" America is going to feature lots of people like me — fractionally Hispanic or fractionally Asian people who function as white, sociologically speaking, just as Irish and Italian and Eastern European immigrants assimilated into white status over time.
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And if the God-and-country, pray-and-grow-rich tendencies sweep aside orthodox resistance, the evangelicalism that emerges might be more coherent and sociologically resilient, in the short run, for being rid of hand-wringers who don't think Baptist choirs should set "Make America Great Again" to music.
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Communities such as the YouTube Right are adept at supercharging this complaint into a potent resentment politics: The "mainstream" or "elite" media, they argue, isn't just out of touch ideologically or culturally, it is technologically and sociologically incompatible with the participatory, identity-centric — begrudgingly, social — media of the future.
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But the explanations for what happened in housing are not, I think, to be found in the conventional data favored by economists but rather in sociologically important narratives — like tales of getting rich through "flipping" houses and shares of initial public offerings — that constitute the shifting mentality of the era.
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While past studies had correlated emotional and behavioral problems with early menarche (one's first period), this analysis utilized data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, an ethnically and sociologically diverse database of surveys of 7,28 women and girls conducted from 28 to 228 that tracked some of them through all 220 years.
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As a kid the forms of expression I was so totally drawn to, like skateboarding, or like punk bands, or just fucking around (and it's not like I wanted to be a CKY dude, but, I wanted to do some stuff), were not sociologically available to me in the way they were for my guy friends, even in the free-for-all daytime-silent suburb of McMansions that are mini-Death Valleys in the summertime, like the one where I grew up.
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It was especially powerful across the Bush and early Obama years — when the push to recognize same-sex unions was framed in deliberately conservative terms, when Barack Obama's pro-family rhetoric and personal example were regularly cited as a positive influence on minority communities, when many sociologically minded liberals argued that there was an emerging "blue-state model" of marriage, egalitarian and secular rather than patriarchal and religious, that was showing the way forward even as families fractured more in culturally conservative regions that hadn't adapted to feminism yet.
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Now, I think that there's a lot of ways that you'd go at that, and I think part of it– I mean, as someone who's running one of the internet platforms, I think we have a special responsibility to make sure that our systems aren't encouraging that– but I think broadly, the more macro solution for this is to make sure that people feel like they have that grounding and that sense of purpose and community, and that their lives are– and that they have opportunity– and I think that statistically what we see, and sociologically, is that when people have those opportunities, they don't, on balance, as much, seek out those kind of groups.
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Nonetheless, "the people" is close to what minjung seeks to convey, both sociologically and politically. For Koreans, minjung are those who are oppressed politically, exploited economically, marginalized sociologically, despised culturally, and condemned religiously. For example, the Minjung Party founded in October 2017. Thus, the notion of minjung came to identify and inform the struggle for democracy in South Korea.
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Sociologically, to the fascist man, to become a bourgeois was a character flaw inherent to the masculine mystique; therefore, the ideology of Italian fascism scornfully defined the bourgeois man as "spiritually castrated".
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Sociologically speaking, the duration of infantile nursing is determined normatively; in some societies it is common for a child to be nursed by its mother for several years but in others this period is much shorter.
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He has written two papers on division by zero. and has invented what he calls the "Perspex machine". Anderson claims that "mathematical arithmetic is sociologically invalid" and that IEEE floating-point arithmetic, with NaN, is also faulty.
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Jan Škrdlík has written a book of poetry, Tvá slova [“Thy Words”], and several sociologically oriented popular articles, published in Kamínky journal of the Family and Social Care Centre, Brno. He has also written other pieces in Czech and Spanish.
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In "gift exchange" models firms pay high wages to increase productivity through improved worker morale. In fairness models, a more recent trend in the efficiency wage literature, employers have to pay a sociologically "fair" wage in order to encourage workers to be productive.
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The Prokletije are ethnographically and sociologically diverse due to many tribes living in the region as sheep herders. Names of various Albanian tribes (Hoti, Gruda, Kelmendi, Kastrati, Dukagjini, Shkreli, Shala, Nikaj, Krasniqi, Gashi and Rugova) refer to their geographical locations within the range.
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He read Ferdinand de Saussure's Cours de linguistique générale immediately after its publication as he was proofreading the final version of his sociologically oriented thesis on language history (Substrater og Laan i Romansk og Germansk, 1917). Elements from Saussure were footnoted in his book.
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Moreover, it is a consequence of decentralization and the importance of community law. Sociologically, with the growing power of the media, lawmakers must react constantly, which result in an increasing production of laws. For instance, some are used as tools for political and electoral communication. Law therefore becomes "educational" (pédagogique).
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Garfinkel, H. (2002) Ethnomethodology's Program, Lanham MD, Rowman and Littlefield.Garfinkel, H. (2006) Seeing Sociologically: The routine grounds of social action, Boulder CO, Paradigm Publishers.Garfinkel, H. (2008) Toward a Sociological Theory of Information, Boulder CO, Paradigm Books. There was also a collection of 'studies of work' by his students which he edited.
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Schwalbe, M. (2005). The Sociologically Examined Life: Pieces of the Conversation Third Edition. pp. 22–23 People do this through everything from clothing and hairstyle to relationship and employment choices. Schwalbe believes that these distinctions are important, because society wants to identify and categorize people as soon as we see them.
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Sociologically speaking, totems can be used to represent the values and ideals of a group. Therefore, totems can be used to reinforce cultural or sociological norms and practices. There are various types of totem. The tribe totem, the sex totem and the individual totems are the most common ones among the native people.
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Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. For Bourdieu, a sociologically informed view of an artist ought to describe: (1) their relations to the field of production (e.g. influences, antagonisms, etc.); and (2) their attitudes to their relations to the field of consumption (e.g.
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Johnson (1965),Cf. and Gibbs (1958)Cf. claimed that Durkheim only intended to explain suicide sociologically, within a holistic perspective, emphasizing that "he intended his theory to explain variation among social environments in the incidence of suicide, not the suicides of particular individuals". More recently, Berk (2006) questions the micro–macro relations underlying criticisms of Durkheim's work.
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Those who objected to the Culture's subsequent militarisation broke off from the meta- civilisation, forming their own separate civilisation; a hallmark of the Culture is its ambiguity. In contrast to the many interstellar societies and empires which share its fictional universe, the Culture is difficult to define, geographically or sociologically, and "fades out at the edges".
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Jannaram is a major economic power in the Enkoor revenue division. Jannaram has solid fertile soil and irrigation is supported by the river of Wyra and Nagarjuna Sagar left canal. Jannaram has experienced a modest growth during the period of Chandra Babu Naidu ruling. As a major village in Enkoor, Jannaram is politically very active, sociologically dominant, agriculturally rich.
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Legal norms (understood sociologically, rather than juristically) are typically distinguished from merely moral or customary ones by powerful feelings of revulsion which typically attach to breach of them. They are, thus, regarded as socially fundamental. In addition, legal norms concern certain kinds of relationships, transactions and circumstances which he described as 'facts of the law'—specially important topics or considerations for social regulation.
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Du Bois, W. E. B. The Philadelphia Negro. New York: Cosimo, 2010, pg. 1. In the Philadelphia Negro, Du Bois intended to identify Philadelphia Blacks' sociologically relevant social issues. He carefully mapped every black residence, church, and business in the city’s Seventh Ward, recording occupational and family structure. Du Bois’s Philadelphia research was pivotal in his reformulation of the concept of race.
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The Ancient Economy is a book about the economic system of classical antiquity written by the classicist Moses I. Finley. It was originally published in 1973. Finley interprets the economy from 1000 BC to 500 AD sociologically, instead of using economic models (like for example Michael Rostovtzeff). Finley attempted to prove that the ancient economy was largely a byproduct of status.
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During his political career, he frequently waged progressive campaigns against the current of a sociologically conservative France. He advocated decentralization through regionalization; reallocation of resources from the Concorde program to the Airbus; an end to nuclear testing; reform of the grandes écoles; and computerization. He refused to cooperate with Georges Marchais's Communist Party. He seemed unable to play political power games.
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Scholars have considered how "The Farm" approaches reproduction sociologically. Ingvil Hellstrand argues that the episode "raises issues of reproduction as a gendered imperative, where fertile women have a moral obligation or duty to reproduce." In this context, she identifies Starbuck with the desire for individual agency and Simon with "state-regulated biopolitics". In this regard, Starbuck is "both anti-natalist and techno-critical".
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Sociologically speaking, Lord Vaikundar was the tenth avatar of Lord Narayana and first to succeed as a social renaissance as well as religious reformation in the country. It also created many social changes in southern IndiaDr. R.Ponnu, Vaikunda Swamigal Ore Avataram, p. 152 impinging greatly on society highly resulting in social and self-respect movements broke out such as Upper cloth agitation, temple entry agitation etc.
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Sociologically, in addition, Prussianism was expressed in the so-called "Prussian virtues," influencing various relevant aspects of German culture. Among the most important theorists and exponents of Prussianism are Karl von Clausewitz, Otto von Bismarck, and Oswald Spengler. On the other hand, several analysts consider that Prussianism had a significant influence on National Socialism. Furthermore, Prussianism is still visible in the current ideologies prevalent in Turkey.
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Popkewitz engages in fundamental questions about social exclusion in national school reform efforts. Popkewitz explores historically and sociologically how a comparative style of thought enters into school reform to recognize difference. In his view, difference produces distinctions and differentiations that leads to exclusion and abjection. Struggling for the Soul (1998) combines Foucauldian power-knowledge nexus with ethnographic research of teachers in urban and rural schools.
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He also believes that we should strive to universalise moral principles. But sociologically speaking we cannot ignore the fact that universal values do not underlie all societies. Some societies reject the moral notions of liberty, tolerance, autonomy, equality, and justice that liberal democracies promote. If a country is not founded on these notions, then it would be futile for us to speak about these values.
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H. Russell Bernard. "Honoring Peter Killworth's contribution to social network theory." Paper presented to the University of Southampton, 28 September 2006. Malcolm Gladwell expanded on this conclusion sociologically in his book, The Tipping Point, where members of one of his types, Connectors, were successful by their larger-than-average number of close friendships and capacity for maintaining them, which tie together otherwise-unconnected social groups.
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Sociologically speaking, this is in part because persons can be better understood by the unique ways they reflect and symbolize the society he or she lives in. Fourth, phenomenologists prefer to gather capta, or conscious experience, rather than traditional data. Finally, phenomenology is considered to be oriented on discovery, and therefore phenomenologists gather research using methods that are far less restricting than in other sciences.
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Thus, the wait to retest could be longer. Sociologically, the testing phase especially acts as a rite of passage for many infantrymen. The period of testing usually stretches over several days, with the number of candidates remaining steadily dwindling and pressure similarly increasing. Traditionally, hand grenades (where the candidate has five grenades to hit three different targets) and call for fire are considered the most difficult tests.
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Familialism has been challenged as historically and sociologically inadequate to describe the complexity of actual family relations.DePaulo, B. and Milardo, R. (2011). "Interview: Beyond the Nuclear Family". In modern American society in which the male head of the household can no longer be guaranteed a wage suitable to support a family, 1950s-style familialism has been criticized as counterproductive to family formation and fertility.
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A Hatful of Rain is a 1957 American drama film about a young married man with a secret morphine addiction, based on a 1955 Broadway play of the same name.A Hatful of Rain at the Internet Broadway Database It is a medically and sociologically accurate account of the effects of morphine on an addict and his family.AJ Giannini (1982). Handbook of Overdose and Detoxification Emergencies.
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Some critics have argued that cultural criminology has foregone hard-nosed economic analysis in the interest of a subjective or narrow cultural focus. Cultural criminologists counter that they are striving to create a sociologically inspired criminology attuned to the distinctive dynamics of the contemporary economy. They contend that the expansion of the global market has brought new forms of crime, crime control, and political resistance.
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This topic requires a global approach of analysis because the influence of societal factors varies throughout the world. This will be demonstrated through discussion of the major diseases of each continent. These diseases are sociologically examined and compared based on the traditional medicine, economics, religion, and culture that is specific to each region. HIV/AIDS serves as a common basis of comparison among regions.
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"The mother is the early caregiver and primary source of identification for all children... A daughter continues to identify with the mother." Sociologically, Chodorow explains that the strong bond between mother and daughter inhibits the daughter from forming her own identity. The first bonding beings in infancy with the mother. This initial bond is true for both sexes, except, boys breakaway at an early age to identify with their fathers.
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This initiated his collaboration with Carle Zimmerman and together they expanded on the perspective of rural-urban sociology. They believed that rural-urban sociology was the rural way of life that was established from the following characteristics: a conservative and traditional family, an economy based on manual labor and or from a family and home business and their connection to it whether it be sociologically, demographically, or economically.
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Friedrich Nietzsche makes metaphor the conceptual center of his early theory of society in On Truth and Lies in the Non-Moral Sense. Some sociologists have found his essay useful for thinking about metaphors used in society and for reflecting on their own use of metaphor. Sociologists of religion note the importance of metaphor in religious worldviews, and that it is impossible to think sociologically about religion without metaphor.
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Dundurn Press, 1993. . Due to the lack of funding, several generations of Franco-Ontarians grew up without formal education, with the dropout rate for francophones high during this period. Franco-Ontarians thus opted for jobs which did not require reading and mathematical skills, such as mining and forestry, and were virtually absent from white collar jobs. Sociologically, it meant that education was not a value transmitted to younger Franco-Ontarians.
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In the 19th and 20th centuries, Tylor and McLennan, historians of religion, held that the concept of fetishism fostered a shift of attention away from the relationship between people and God, to focus instead on a relationship between people and material objects, and that this, in turn, allowed for the establishment of false models of causality for natural events. This they saw as a central problem historically and sociologically.
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Methamphetamine is the drug most associated with party and play. Party and play (abbreviated PnP, also called chemsex or wired play) is the consumption of drugs to facilitate or enhance sexual activity. Sociologically, it refers to a subculture of recreational drug users who engage in high-risk sexual activities under the influence of drugs within sub-groups. This can include little use of condoms during sessions with multiple sexual partners that may continue for days.
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These apostolic centers are not pastoral churches, nor are they denominational institutions, but are regarded as being part of a marketplace ministry that are led and governed by the local five-fold ministers. The goal is then to achieve sociologically verifiable transformation of cities (and nations), which is based on standard social scientific measuring equipment, verified by independent professional sociologists, as stated by C. P. Wagner in his book titled, The Church in the Workplace.
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Frank Musgrove, a professor of education, has described the Tyndale experiment as "implement[ing] a fair selection of sociologically inspired cliches in the repertoire of advanced diploma courses for serving teachers."Frank Musgrove, School and the Social Order, Chichester, [West Sussex] / New York: Wiley, 1979, , p. 193, quoted in Alan Barcan, Sociological Theory and Educational Reality: Education and Society in Australia since 1949, Kensington, New South Wales: New South Wales University, 1993, , pp. 171-72.
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On October 18, 2013, Mays' feature documentary I Grew Up in Princeton had its premiere showing at Princeton High School. The film, described in one Princeton newspaper as a "deeply personal 'coming-of-age story' that yields perspective on the role of perception in a town that was split racially, economically and sociologically",Arntzenius, Linda. "PHS Grad, Filmmaker Back in Town For Premier of Princeton Documentary", Town Topics (newspaper). Accessed November 22, 2014.
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Library Journal notes "Tepper's talent for creating believable human and alien characters lends power and credibility to her work and makes her a convincing portrayer of sociologically oriented sf." Booklist states that the latter half of the book "stretches the limits of credibility" but concludes that "she has created an overwhelmingly detailed scenario for humanity's first contact with aliens." Kirkus describes it as "consummately skillful, wise, sometimes hilarious, iconoclastic performance, although possibly too relentlessly polemical".
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Based on Theodor W. Adorno's theory of the aesthetics of music, Musik-Konzepte has dedicated itself to composers not only considered to be progressive by the editors, in every era. The series combines musical tradition and innovation, historical and contemporary. Musik-Konzepte deals with either a composer and his work or a theme that is considered important from a musical, aesthetic, historical or sociologically perspective. For instance volume 74 Musik und Traum (1991).
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Hammerschmid considered going into formal politics for most of her adult life and systematically built a strong network of useful connections. Even so, she did not join any political party. Her working-class family background, which she says kept strongly influencing her ideologically, would have naturally positioned her left of center. In matters of education and science policy, however, she felt more closely aligned with the Austrian People's Party, a party philosophically conservative and sociologically middle to upper class.
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It can be said that Dingo became an all time number one in all aspects: fame, hysteria, sales, media value and the impact on Finnish rock music at the time. They influenced several different Finnish bands and musicians such as Pyhät Nuket (the hit Enkelit sulkivat silmänsä), SIG and Pave Maijanen. The year 1984 was the year of the "Dingo- fever". It was no longer a question of rock music alone, but a sociologically interesting phenomenon as well.
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Suicide awareness Suicide awareness is a proactive effort to raise awareness around suicidal behaviors. It is focused on reducing social stigmas and ambiguity, by bringing attention to suicide statistically and sociologically, and encouraging positive dialogue and engagement as a means to prevent suicide. Suicide awareness is linked to suicide prevention as both address suicide education and the dissemination of information to ultimately decrease the rate of suicide. Awareness is a first stage that can ease the need for prevention.
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Jesus is presented as a rationalistic philosopher, opposed to the superstition and "positive religion" of the Pharisees. Positive religion is a religion that has a definite historic founder, and is characterised rather sociologically: at this stage religion becomes an objective system of laws and rules. Hegel presented biblical miracles as metaphors for Jesus' philosophical doctrines. Whether related with the tenor of Hegel's philosophy of immanence, or just because it remained fragment, the history stops with the crucifixion.
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In the 70's he played too for the National Spanish television in a few series, including a Spanish-Italian coproduction on the life of Cristóbal Colón. His last film was La trastienda (1975), an artistically dispensable but sociologically significant Spanish picture, coincident with the end of Franco era in Spain. Suárez was for many years president of the Spanish Actors Union. A tiro limpio poster (1963) He died of natural causes on August 6, 1981, in Moreda, Asturias.
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Life and How To Survive It is a self-help psychology book written by the therapist Robin Skynner and the comedian John Cleese. The book is written in a question and answer form, with Cleese asking questions about relationships, and his therapist Skynner answering them. It is the sequel to Families and How to Survive Them. The book aims to answer questions both psychologically and sociologically about why the world is the way it is and how this affects individuals.
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The Roman Empire utilized ar-Ramtha as a remote hub to cross-link their colonies. The ruins of buildings and ancient Roman antiquities have been discovered at different parts of ar-Ramtha. During the Islamic expansion, ar-Ramtha, which was in the Hauran territory, was a port for Muslim scholars crossing between Syria and the Hejaz. Historically and sociologically, the city is the twin to Daraa city in Syria, which is located on just the other side of the border.
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Vincent Baker is the designer of the Indie role-playing game Dogs in the Vineyard (2004), one of the first indies to be notably successful, both financially and sociologically. This game was the story of God's Watchdogs, trying to preserve the faithful on the hostile American frontier of the 19th century, and introduced the idea of "say yes or roll". Baker also designed kill puppies for satan, Mechaton, and other indie role-playing games. His publishing imprint is called Lumpley Games.
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"Perhaps the most challenging idea incorporated in the theory of autopoiesis is that social systems should not be defined in terms of human agency or norms, but of communications. Communication is in turn the unity of utterance, information and understanding and constitutes social systems by recursively reproducing communication. This sociologically radical thesis, which raises the fear of a dehumanised theory of law and society, attempts to highlight the fact that social systems are constituted by communication."Banakar and Max Travers 2005: 28.
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Harold Garfinkel (October 29, 1917 – April 21, 2011) was an American sociologist, ethnomethodologist, and a Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Los Angeles. He is known for establishing and developing ethnomethodology as a field of inquiry in sociology. He is probably best known for his classic book, Studies in Ethnomethodology, which was published in 1967, a collection of articles some of which had previously been published. Selections from unpublished materials were later published in two volumes: Seeing Sociologically and Ethnomethodology's Program.
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In popular usage, the term high culture identifies the culture of an upper class (an aristocracy) or of a status class (the intelligentsia); and also identifies a society’s common repository of broad- range knowledge and tradition (e.g. folk culture) that transcends the social- class system of the society. Sociologically, the term high culture is contrasted with the term low culture, the forms of popular culture characteristic of the less-educated social classes, such as the barbarians, the Philistines, and hoi polloi (the masses).
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Mead rooted the self's "perception and meaning" deeply and sociologically in "a common praxis of subjects," found specifically in social encounters. Understood as a combination of the 'I' and the 'Me', Mead's self proves to be noticeably entwined within a sociological existence. For Mead, existence in community comes before individual consciousness. First one must participate in the different social positions within society and only subsequently can one use that experience to take the perspective of others and thus become 'conscious'.
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Most of Lower Austria had been leaning conservative to nationalist for a century; Vienna had been a bastion of Social Democracy for decades. The bureaucracy steering Vienna, a city of industry and finance, was sociologically distant from the agricultural countryside. Some of the suburbs affected, however, had long had much closer ties to the capital than to the rest of their former province, both socially and in terms of infrastructure. Permanently ejecting these suburbs from Vienna would have been inadvisable.
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Of particular importance is the ability of the society to change, to invent or to innovate technologically and sociologically, in order to overcome the "contradiction" without incurring continuing environmental degradation, or social disintegration. An economic study of what occurs at the points of conflict with specific reference to shifting cultivation is that of Esther Boserup (1965). Boserup argues that low intensity farming, extensive shifting cultivation for example, has lower labor costs than more intensive farming systems. This assertion remains controversial.
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The linguistic history was treated definitively by Donald M. Lance, who acknowledged that the question is sociologically complex, but no pronunciation could be declared "correct", nor could any be clearly defined as native or outsider, rural or urban, southern or northern, educated or otherwise. Politicians often employ multiple pronunciations, even during a single speech, to appeal to a greater number of listeners. In informal contexts respellings of the state's name, such as "Missour-ee" or "Missour-uh", are occasionally used to distinguish pronunciations phonetically.
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Child with Thirunamam smeared on the fore head Unlike the social definition for this ritual practice, the religious or ritual importance for Thirunamam fits to all period of time. Sociologically, while this practice is a basic need, to reform a society (19th century Travancore), religiously the same is performed just with a religious belief. The religious definition for the practice 'Tottu Namam' is as The Name of God. The Atman is assumed to be in a flame shape and it as the name of God.
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In such cases, the bubbles may be argued to be rational, where investors at every point are fully compensated for the possibility that the bubble might collapse by higher returns. These approaches require that the timing of the bubble collapse can only be forecast probabilistically and the bubble process is often modelled using a Markov switching model. Similar explanations suggest that bubbles might ultimately be caused by processes of price coordination. More recent theories of asset bubble formation suggest that these events are sociologically driven.
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Seen as public nuisance, they were labelled the "Centrepoint Kids." By 1986, some were sociologically studied with a focus on their personal and family backgrounds. Other similar moral panics that appeared in the Singapore media include the McDonald Kids (early 1980s), the Far East Plaza Kids (1980-3; re-lapse in mid-1990s), the Daimaru Kids (1983-6), and the Marina Square Kids (early 1990s). Most kids started off in Far East Plaza in the early 1980s before migrating to Centrepoint when the building was completed.
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Many Singaporeans have attributed the government's population and immigration policy as the cause of overcrowding and falling reliability of its public transportation system, increasing property prices for housing, suppressed wage level, increased competition for jobs (especially for professionals, managers, executives and technicians) and education, increasing income inequality and other social problems. Academics have also criticized the PWP as being "overly mechanistic, economically simplistic and astonishingly sociologically and politically naive". The PWP has become one of the largest political issues raised in the 2015 general elections.
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Achieved status is a concept developed by the anthropologist Ralph Linton for a social position that a person can acquire on the basis of merit and is earned or chosen. It is the opposite of ascribed status and reflects personal skills, abilities, and efforts. Examples of achieved status are being an Olympic athlete, a criminal, or a college professor. Status is important sociologically because it comes with a set of rights, obligations, behaviors, and duties that people occupying a certain position are expected or encouraged to perform.
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Most of the rituals have different operational and historical meanings.G. Patrick, Religion and Subaltern Agency, p. 19 Historically, the rituals were used or viewed as an attempt to break the caste-based inequalities prevailed in the society of the time, and to strengthen and uplift the sociologically downtrodden and ill-treated. Examples of this include the charity on food as 'Anna Dharmam' , physical as well as spiritual cleanliness through Thuvayal Thavasu,The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society (1986), Published by 'Mythic Society', Bangalore, India, v.
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Today the term is also used outside theological research, when it is needed to examine a text for its sociologically relevant aspects. For example: the Sitz im Leben of a counting rhyme like "eeny, meeny, miny, moe" is a group of children deciding among themselves who will play in a game; when the children chant the song, we know that they are choosing who will play, but if we are unaware of this context, the rhyme appears merely to be nonsense about toes. In linguistics the Sitz im Leben is determined by the text pragmatics.
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In system theory. "differentiation" is the replication of subsystems in a modern society to increase the complexity of a society. Each subsystem can make different connections with other subsystems, and this leads to more variation within the system in order to respond to variation in the environment. Differentiation that leads to more variation allows for better responses to the environment, and also for faster evolution (or perhaps sociocultural evolution), which is defined sociologically as a process of selection from variation; the more differentiation (and thus variation) that is available, the better the selection.
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In the 1970s, The New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) conception critiqued the claimed lack of human-environmental focus in the classical sociologists and the Sociological priorities their followers created. This was critiqued as the Human Exceptionalism Paradigm (HEP). The HEP viewpoint claims that human-environmental relationships were unimportant sociologically because humans are 'exempt' from environmental forces via cultural change. This view was shaped by the leading Western worldview of the time and the desire for Sociology to establish itself as an independent discipline against the then popular racist-biological environmental determinism where environment was all.
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Guzman's research for multiple connections worldwide has defined and shaped his vision and artistic iconography, after an extensive family ancestry and DNA research Guzman jump into a bigger boat, that will define sociologically the whole humanity in his following projects Piertopolis, D.A.T.E.D Paris"D.A.T.E.D", D.A.T.E.D. and Psychogeographic Mapping Project. Piertopolis is inspired by New Babylon of COBRA artist Constant, Piertopolis features an architectural design for an installation of a life-size landscape made out of piers and walking bridges. The project is supported by the Amsterdam Foundation for the Arts.
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Sociologically, a "sect" is defined as a newly formed religious group that formed to protest elements of its parent religion (generally a denomination). Their motivation tends to be situated in accusations of apostasy or heresy in the parent denomination; they often decry liberal trends in denominational development and advocate a return to so-called "true" religion. Leaders of sectarian movements (i.e., the formation of a new sect) tend to come from a lower socio- economic class than the members of the parent denomination, a component of sect development that is not yet entirely understood.
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This, according to historian Randall Balmer forms "the most intriguing findings of the book" as there are historical precedents as to how colonial Christianity influenced Hinduism in various ways. Pradip Thomas singles out the sociologically grounded methodology of the study as one of the strengths of the book as the interviews with religious leaders "offer insights into their apprehensions, interpretations and understandings of televangelism". Missiologist Roger Hedlund, in his assessment sees the major contribution of the study as the emphasis on the indigenization of Indian Christianity rather than the Americanization of the faith.
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The site was determined by an old friend of Alexander's from his work with the Raleigh School District before his time at Columbia. Back then he had been working through North Carolina State Agricultural College in Raleigh with Dr. Bert W. Wells, who suggested the Canton site as biologically, geologically, and sociologically ideal for the purposes of New College.M. B. Post, An Historical Study of New College from 1932 to 1939 with emphasis upon the community as a factor in the preparation of teachers. (Unpublished master’s thesis) (University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 1967).
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Margaret Bell was a firm advocate for women's athletics and physicality. Despite the belief of others in her time—that athletic competition was harmful to women, both psychologically and sociologically—she believed that intense competition was important for women to explore their role as women, wives, and mothers. She believed it was important for women to participate in all sports, as it helped them socially and emotionally.Peckham, Howard H. "The Golden Years." In The Making of the University of Michigan, 1817-1967, 107. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1967.
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While Buka will call their moiety categories 'clans' in Tok Pisin and English, this is not sociologically accurate and the word is actually used in two different senses, corresponding to what anthropologists would recognise as moieties and clans. (This is also a feature of the Halia language, the Halia term in question is pinaposa.) There are clans, which trace common descent and will occasionally act as corporate entities. These clans are land-holding groups, though often clans will be represented by sub-clans in different villages, or even in different linguistic areas. By contrast, the moiety classes encompass many different clans.
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Calle Arce is monitored by 24 members of the Corps Metropolitan Agents (CAM), who specialize in the maintenance and protection of the new public space. To maximize its potential, the street will be developed through environmentally and sociologically conscious urban interventions, the construction focusing on creation of suitable spaces for cultural and academic activities, social and health services, as well as formal and informal trade in the area. The project is intended to serve as a model for the rehabilitation of other arteries in the historic center, counting on strong support from related institutions and the general public.
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He emphasized the importance of Charity, Truth and love and induced these values into the rituals. Most of his teachings and rituals he advocated has both religious and social implications. Historically, the rituals were used or viewed as an attempt to break the inequalities, mainly caste-based, prevailed in the society of the time, and to strengthen and uplift the sociologically downtrodden and ill-treated. Examples of this include the charity on food as 'Anna Dharmam' , physical as well as spiritual cleanliness through Thuvayal Thavasu, eliminating untouchability through Thottunamam, self-respect and courage through headgear, and unifying various castes through Muthirikkinaru.
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In Austrian politics, the Streeruwitz government () was a short-lived right- of-center coalition government led by Ernst Streeruwitz, in office from May 4, 1929 to September 26, 1929. The coalition consisted of the Christian Social Party, the Greater German People's Party, and the Landbund. Although its majority in the National Council was narrow, it was a broad alliance sociologically; the coalition represented much of the middle class as well as most of the agricultural sector, along with banking and industrial interests. Its main opponents were the Social Democratic Party to the left and the extra- parliamentary Heimwehr movement to the right.
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It has also been shown that bubbles appear even when market participants are well-capable of pricing assets correctly. Further, it has been shown that bubbles appear even when speculation is not possible or when over-confidence is absent. More recent theories of asset bubble formation suggest that they are likely sociologically-driven events, thus explanations that merely involve fundamental factors or snippets of human behavior are incomplete at best. For instance, qualitative researchers Preston Teeter and Jorgen Sandberg argue that market speculation is driven by culturally-situated narratives that are deeply embedded in and supported by the prevailing institutions of the time.
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Pragmatists argue that humanity on other planets is sociologically impractical. The basis is that being on another planet would not change human nature, so it would not be long until pollution and destruction by humankind began, and on a planet that has probably only known peace since its formation. Since life on Earth will ultimately be destroyed by planetary impacts or the red giant phase of the Sun, all native species will perish if not allowed to move to other objects. Some advocates of animal welfare have pointed out the ethical issues associated with spreading Earth-based wild-animal life by terraforming.
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NF members were sociologically regarded as political deviants, and thus parts of the cultic milieu. Fielding's interviews with NF members in the 1970s led him to conclude that "there is something exceptional about the NF member, and particularly about the activist", for they differed from other members of society in their willingness to join a politically extreme group. Fielding found that NF members were concerned about their image and sensitive to ideas that they were "fascistic" or "cranky", instead thinking of themselves as "patriots" or "nationalists". He found them more accepting of the term "racist", with some referring to themselves as such.
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In 1977 SCP published an 80-page booklet called The God-Men: Witness Lee and the Local Church. An expanded edition was published first in 1979 in German as Die Sonderlehre by Schwengeler-Verlag and then in 1981 in English as The God-Men: An Inquiry into Witness Lee and the Local Church by InterVarsity Press. In the book SCP alleged that the Local Church was both theologically and sociologically deviant. The dispute between the Local Church and SCP escalated into a lawsuit for defamation that was filed in Oakland, California in December 1980 and known as Lee et al v.
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Party and play, or chemsex, is the consumption of drugs to facilitate sexual activity. Sociologically, both terms refer to a subculture of recreational drug users who engage in high-risk sexual activities under the influence of drugs within groups. The term PnP is commonly used by gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in North America, while chemsex is more associated with the gay scene in Europe. The drug of choice is typically methamphetamine, known as tina or T, but other drugs are also used, such as mephedrone, GHB, GBL and alkyl nitrites (known as poppers).
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Media framing research has both sociological and psychological roots. Sociological framing focuses on "the words, images, phrases, and presentation styles" that communicators use when relaying information to recipients. Research on frames in sociologically driven media research generally examines the influence of "social norms and values, organizational pressures and constraints, pressures of interest groups, journalistic routines, and ideological or political orientations of journalists" on the existence of frames in media content. Todd Gitlin, in his analysis of how the news media trivialized the student New Left movement during the 1960s, was among the first to examine media frames from a sociological perspective.
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His most famous work is the Nandan Charitam on the life of Nandanar who having been born in a sociologically lower caste, faces and overcomes the social obstacles in achieving his dream of visiting the Chidambaram temple. This work is a revolutionary social commentary considering the period in which it was written, although Gopalakrishna Bharati expanded on the story in Periyapuranam. Ramalinga Adigal (Vallalar) (1823–1874) wrote the devotional poem Tiruvarutpa is considered to be a work of great beauty and simplicity. Maraimalai Adigal (1876–1950) advocated for the purity of Tamil and wanted to clean it of words with Sanskrit influences.
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Sociologically, their success doomed tailoring guilds, and spawned down-timer publication of popular fiction, inculcating up-timer sociology et cetera via modern novels, especially perhaps, Romance novels. Apparently even downtimers like their soaps! "A Lineman for the Country" along with a couple of other short stories created the forthcoming important Eastern European thread , and so on. Flint has stated that he intends that short stories featuring major characters, or establishing points that will be important in future novels will be collected into the Ring of Fire anthologies, and that The Grantville Gazettes anthologies will feature the stories of characters that don't establish new background for the novels.
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The media attention challenged many people's ideas about sex and gender, and attracted criticism of Beatie's identity and motives. Sociologist Lisa Wade wrote, "I'm not sure what to make, sociologically, of the attention that Thomas' pregnancy is receiving in the mass media, but it is ripe for analysis". Many media outlets treated Beatie's pregnancy as a "freak show", according to media scholar Andre Cavalcante. The story helped promote transgender issues in the media; other trans men had given birth before Beatie, but were neither reported on nor legally recognized as male. In April 2008, Beatie made his first television appearance, an hour-long exclusive interview, on the Oprah Winfrey Show.
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In the 1980s, the models of the Third and of the Fourth generations of breast implant devices were sequential advances in manufacturing technology, such as elastomer-coated shells that decreased gel-bleed (filler leakage), and a thicker (increased- cohesion) filler gel. Sociologically, the manufacturers of prosthetic breasts then designed and made anatomic models (natural breast) and shaped models (round, tapered) that realistically corresponded with the breast- and body- types of women. The tapered models of breast implant have a uniformly textured surface, which reduces the rotation of the prosthesis within the implant pocket; the round models of breast implant are available in smooth-surface- and textured-surface- types.
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Herbal medicines are also particularly important sociologically as they are linked to traditional Tongan beliefs and traditions in regards to their nation specific diseases. In Tongan culture the term mahaki faka Tonga which translates to "Indigenous or Tongan diseases" refers to the first wave of diseases which existed prior to European invasion and the arrival of Western Medicine in 1797, were only to be treated through traditional methods. These diseases include disorders related to the presence of ghosts or spirits of a dead person, which are said to inhabit the nervous, gastro-intestinal, urinary and musculo-skeletal system and causing various symptoms of joint sprains, vomiting and hysteria.
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Benjamin Brown, The Comeback of Simple Faith – The Ultra-Orthodox Concept of Religious Belief and Its Rise in the 19th Century. In more progressive Orthodox circles, attempts were made to formulate philosophies that would confront modern sensibilities. Notable examples are the Hegelian-Kabbalistic theology of Abraham Isaac Kook, who viewed history as progressing toward a messianic redemption in a dialectic fashion which required the strengthening of heretical forces, or the existentialist thought of Joseph B. Soloveitchik, who was deeply influenced by Neo-Kantian ideals. On the fringes of Orthodoxy, thinkers who were at least (and according to their critics, only) sociologically part of it, ventured toward radical models.
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Oxford English Reference Dictionary Second Edition (1996) p. 196. In the 18th century, before the French Revolution (1789–99), in the French feudal order, the masculine and feminine terms bourgeois and bourgeoise identified the rich men and women who were members of the urban and rural Third Estate – the common people of the French realm, who violently deposed the absolute monarchy of the Bourbon King Louis XVI (r. 1774–91), his clergy, and his aristocrats in the French Revolution of 1789–1799. Hence, since the 19th century, the term "bourgeoisie" usually is politically and sociologically synonymous with the ruling upper-class of a capitalist society.
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The Garre are a Somali pastoralist clan genealogically belonging to the Digil Clans of Rahaweyn the Garre live in southern Somalia, northeastern Kenya and southern Ethiopia. Almost all Garre people speak the Maay Maay language as well as specific Garre language, which is an East Omo-Tana that is taxonomically a distinct language (closely related to the Aweer language) but sociologically perceived as a dialect of Somali by both the Garre themselves and neighboring clans whom speak SomaliMauro Tosco. 2012. The Unity and Diversity of Somali Dialectal Variants. In Nathan Oyori Ogechi and Jane A. Ngala Oduor and Peter Iribemwangi (eds.), The Harmonization and Standardization of Kenyan Languages.
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Still, all this is still in the stage of fermentation and research. :"But one thing is clear in any case — the theatre of RSFSR is the theatre of the present and the future, but not the past (it can borrow only those forms it needs from the past). The creators of the modern theatre can only be people who have sociologically broken with the past. :"It is this sociological break with the past, the introduction to the theatre of a single great movement along the path of the proletarian dictatorship to socialism - and this is the common platform of the authors of this collection.
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Some academics consider American society sociologically and economically fragmented in such a manner that no clear class distinctions can be made. This means that there are no pronounced breaks in socioeconomic strata, which makes class division highly subjective and disputable. Others, such as sociologist Dennis Gilbert, dispute the concept of a well-mixed society, and claim that distinct social networks can be identified for each class. W. Lloyd Warner also asserts the existence of class markers: Warner asserts that social class is as old as civilization itself and has been present in nearly every society from before the Roman Empire, through medieval times, and to the modern-day United States.
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Her formal training there did not last beyond 1932, when the Nazi regime closed the art school, but her work from this point further was influenced by the experimentation and more complex composition, which she learned at Bauhaus. Called back to Czechoslovakia by the KSČ, she settled in Bratislava and in early 1933 opened a bookstore on Mariánska street called Blüh kníhkupectvo (Blüh Bookshop). The shop carried art books, fiction, philosophy, and left-oriented political literature, soon becoming a gathering place for artists, journalists and students. Along with Zsigmondi Borbálát, Rosa Neyt, Fric Stroht and others, Blühová founded the group Sociofoto to develop sociologically oriented and social documentary photography.
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The pain throughout this novel is universal because everyone involved in slavery was heavily scarred, whether that be physically, mentally, sociologically, or psychologically. Some of the characters tend to “romanticize” their pain, in a way that each experience is a turning point in one's life. This concept is played throughout history in early Christian contemplative tradition and African American blues tradition. Beloved is a book of the systematic torture that people who had been enslaved had to deal with after the Emancipation Proclamation. Therefore, in this novel, the narrative is like a complex labyrinth because all the characters have been “stripped away” from their voice, their narrative, their language in a way that their sense of self is diminished.
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More sociologically informed research has sought to move away from simplistic ideas of gaming as either 'negative' or 'positive', but rather seeking to understand its role and location in the complexities of everyday life. In general terms, the humanities approach has concerned itself with the question of "What meanings are made through games?" Using tools and methods such as interviews, ethnographies and participant observation, researchers have investigated the various roles that videogames play in people's lives and activities together with the meaning they assign to their experiences.Consalvo, 2007 From an industry perspective, a lot of game studies research can be seen as the academic response to the videogame industry's questions regarding the products it creates and sells.
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Pracheena Malayalam also aimed at awakening the mind of the people of the region divided by various complexes to a collective sense of 'We'. Convictions of common origin and belief in a common ancestry were indispensable for the development of a collective mindset. Swami explored the roots of Kerala society and original inhabitants, and sociologically and genealogically connected most of the present groups in Kerala including the priestly class to common ancestors who were the original inhabitants known as the Nakas. B. Hrdaya Kumari says that Pracheena Malayalam is not only a good example of Swamikal's logical arguments but is the earliest example of application of hypothesis and fixed methodology for historical studies.
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I went to the same school as Aznar; my family is, > sociologically, like Aznar's; I studied where he studied, which is to say, > the Salamanca neighbourhood of Madrid. That is the sociological Francoism to > which I belonged, and thus know so well. The Spanish journalist Enrique Gil Calvo adds desarrollismo – the quick and unscrupulous economic growth that brought about the so-called Spanish Miracle – as another area that has remained identified with Francoism, describing Madrid as having changed from the "red breakwater of all the Spains" to an "ostentatious showcase of upstart sociological neo-Francoism". The writer Manuel Vázquez Montalbán has been attributed with penning the satirical derivative phrase "contra Franco vivíamos mejor" (literally "We lived better against Franco").
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Web... Felix Gonzalez-Torres has become a famous queer artist in contemporary America, and he created many works in relation to AIDS, specifically how HIV/AIDS affected his romantic life. The emotional toll of losing a lover to disease was emphasized, allowing audiences to examine a Queer relationship through a loving, domestic lens, distant from any presumed homoeroticism that masses expected to find with AIDS-related art. His work was rarely, if ever, explicitly queer or open about its sociologically political commentary in regards to American culture and AIDS. Instead, Gonzalez-Torres made several post-minimalist pieces that were regarded as timeless, and photographs that any individual could relate to without ever knowing its queer undertones.
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A third objection is that people can distinguish quite well between the means/ends rationality of commerce, and non-commercial relationships.Max Weber sociologically distinguished already between an "instrumental rationality" (the efficiency of a means-ends relationship) and a "value rationality" (the reasonableness or valuation of goals in themselves). Therefore, it is simply an inaccurate and false subjective opinion to claim that there exists some kind of "monumental domination" of commercial relationships over people's lives, because that is not true—except perhaps for people who are obsessively focused on trading relationships. What is ignored is that markets can offer a freedom of choice and development to those who value themselves, and believe in their own self-worth.
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His research has dealt with the role of instrumentation in shaping scientific knowledge; the history of biotechnology, molecular biology and its cultural and intellectual history; the history of drug abuse and pharmaceuticals in the United States since 1900; and the influence of industry sponsorship on biomedical research. He is best known for his focus on the ways in which experimental methods and technology can shape research disciplines, sociologically and intellectually, and on the related role of patronage in shaping scientific fields in the mid-20th century USA.Whilst Rasmussen's approach is sometimes identified with historical materialism, in his works, Rasmussen stresses that its basis is in the pragmatism of John Dewey. He has been principal investigator on several National Science Foundation (US) and Australian Research Council grants.
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Williams, Raymond "Standards", Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society 2nd Ed. (1983) Oxford UP, pp. 296–299. There are substantial differences among the language varieties that countries of the Anglosphere identify as "standard English"; in England and Wales, the term Standard English identifies British English, the Received Pronunciation accent, and the grammar and vocabulary of United Kingdom Standard English (UKSE). In Scotland, the variety is Scottish Standard English; in the United States, the General American variety is the spoken standard; and in Australia, the standard English is General Australian.Smith 1996 Sociologically, as the standard language of the nation, Standard English is generally associated with education and sociolinguistic prestige, but is not inherently superior to other dialects of English used by an Anglophone society.
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Edward Telles. Race in another America: the significance of skin color in Brazil. p. 82: "Ethnographers have found the term ambiguous enough to substitute for almost any other color category." term moreno, a word that means "dark-skinned", "dark-haired", "tawny", "swarthy", "Brown" (when referring to people), "suntanned". Moreno is often used as an intermediate color category, similar to pardo, but its meaning is significantly broader, including people who self identify as black, white, Asian and Amerindian in the IBGE classification system.Edward Telles. Race in another America: the significance of skin color in Brazil. p. 87. In a 1995 survey, 32% of the population self-identified as "moreno", with a further 6% self-identifying as "moreno claro" ("light brown"), and 7% self-identified as "pardo". Telles describes both classifications as "biologically invalid", but sociologically significant.
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The authors next claim that the fact regarding TRF(H)'s structure progressed by decreases in the number of "'logically' possible alternatives" (146). However, Latour and Woolgar critique the explanation that "logic" or "deduction" is a satisfactory and complete explanation for the specific way in which a scientific fact is constructed. Instead, as their historical account of TRF(H) shows, the "list of possible alternatives by which we can evaluate the logic of a deduction is sociologically (rather than logically) determined" (136). Specifically, the material, technical, and human resources of a laboratory affected what kinds of challenges and counter-facts could be constructed and formulated, leading Latour and Woolgar to later conclude that "the set of statements considered too costly to modify constitute what is referred to as reality" (243).
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Sabrina Coutinho Furtado, 2009 Although it was supported by the local merchants and entrepreneurs on the island of São Miguel, fearful of the possible nationalization of businesses, the group was sociologically popular with the agrarian-classes on the island, having its origin in the seigneur system of inheritances that had existed in the archipelago during its settlement. There was some fear that the lean towards socialism on the continent would result in the loss of land rights and personal possessions in a presumed collectivization. As the Communists accumulated more power, fear of Portugal becoming a pro-Soviet puppet state started to grow and was nourished by the right-wing. Besides, the PREC (with its nationalization policies) became very unpopular among Azorean farmers and industrialists, mostly from São Miguel island who organized themselves to resist the "red danger".
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He concluded that sociologically "lesser" individuals would try to increase the frequency of certain vowels that were frequent in the high prestige dialect, but they ended up using those vowels even more than their target dialect. This hypercorrection of vowels is an example of non-referential indexicality that indexes, by virtue of innate urges forcing lower class civilians to hypercorrect phonological variants, the actual social class of the speaker. As Silverstein claims, this also conveys an "Index of Linguistic insecurity" in which a speaker not only indexes their actual social class (via first-order indexicality) but also the insecurities about class constraints and subsequent linguistic effects that encourage hypercorrection in the first place (an incidence of second-order indexicality). William Labov and many others have also studied how hypercorrection in African American Vernacular English demonstrates similar social class non-referential indexicality.
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Bauman went on to publish other books, including Socjologia na co dzień ("Everyday Sociology", 1964), which reached a large popular audience in Poland and later formed the foundation for the English-language text-book Thinking Sociologically (1990). Initially, Bauman remained close to orthodox Marxist doctrine, but, influenced by Georg Simmel and Antonio Gramsci, he became increasingly critical of Poland's Communist government. Owing to this he was never awarded a professorship even after he completed his habilitation but, after his former teacher, Julian Hochfeld, was made vice-director of UNESCO's Department for Social Sciences in Paris in 1962, Bauman did in fact inherit Hochfeld's chair. Faced with increasing political pressure connected with a political purge led by Mieczysław Moczar, the Chief of the Polish Communist Security Police, Bauman renounced his membership of the governing Polish United Workers' Party in January 1968.
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Many of the era's influential films include, or try to surpass documentarism, by distancing from realist depiction in building up unconventional scenes. In these films (including András Jeles's A kis Valentino), the sociologically accurate world becomes transparent, and by exposing documentarism, a peculiar cinematic language is revealed. By the end of the decade, documentarist stylization decoupled into a lyrical, or sometimes grotesque version utilized in feature films (like of Judit Elek, Ferenc Grunwalsky, Lívia Gyarmathy, Géza Böszörményi) and an experimental line, marked by BB Studio's Filmnyelvi Sorozat, and films of the K/3 Group, led by Gábor Bódy. Most of the films made in the BB Studio and on the Academy used cinéma direct as a method to reveal socially sensitive themes, but unlike the outer, intellectual standpoint of the sixties, they explored the inner conflicts of their subjects.
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In 2010, eight wax figures of Gaga were installed at the museum alt=A realistic mannequin of a pale-skinned woman with blonde hair wearing a hat in the design of an old-fashioned telephone. Public reception of Gaga's music, fashion sense, and persona is polarized. Because of her influence on modern culture, and her rise to global fame, sociologist Mathieu Deflem of the University of South Carolina has offered a course titled "Lady Gaga and the Sociology of the Fame" since early 2011 with the objective of unraveling "some of the sociologically relevant dimensions of the fame of Lady Gaga". When Gaga met briefly with then-president Barack Obama at a Human Rights Campaign fundraiser, he found the interaction "intimidating" as she was dressed in 16-inch heels, making her the tallest woman in the room.
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Set in the Dharavi slums of Bombay, the film's story of gangsters in Dharavi was a critique of socio-political inequality and injustice in Bombay. The characterisations of the two brothers are sociologically contextualised to represent a form of urban conflict and drama, aimed at presenting a causal explanation for the sequence of events and Vijay's social alienation, with the narrative explaining his every action and decision, grounded in his memories and experiences. The script generally has an atmosphere of secularism, while incorporating subtle religious motifs. The mother Sumitra Devi (Nirupa Roy) and police brother Ravi (Shashi Kapoor) are religious Hindus, whereas the criminal brother Vijay (Bachchan) is generally not religious and "upset with God", yet he carries a badge numbered 786, which the Muslim Rahim Chacha (Yunus Parvez) points out to be a number of religious significance in Islam (representing Bismillah) and has its own sub-plot.
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At a national level, siege mentalities existed in Soviet Union, Communist Albania, Rhodesia, Apartheid South Africa, Northern Ireland, as a result of ideological isolation; while a similar mentality is currently to be seen in North Korea, Russia, United States, West Bank, Israel, Taiwan, and Venezuela where it is arguably encouraged by both the government—to help justify their continuance in power—and the opposition—to help justify their overthrowing the government through violent means. Sociologically, the term may refer to persecution feelings by anyone in a group that views itself as a threatened minority, as with the early psychoanalysts.A. Samuels, The Father (1985) p. 8 This can be used for example in the field of sports, where coaches or managers often create a siege mentality in their players by highlighting an environment of hostility from outside the club (whether the hostility is real or exaggerated is irrelevant).
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The history of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America has its origins in the Church of England, a church which stresses its continuity with the ancient Western church and claims to maintain apostolic succession. Its close links to the Crown led to its reorganization on an independent basis in the 1780s. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it was characterized sociologically by a disproportionately large number of high status Americans as well as English immigrants; for example, more than a quarter of all presidents of the United States have been Episcopalians (see List of United States Presidential religious affiliations). Although it was not among the leading participants of the abolitionist movement in the early 19th century, by the early 20th century its social engagement had increased to the point that it was an important participant in the Social Gospel movement, though it never provided much support for the Prohibitionist movement.
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Alain Testart (Paris, 30 December 1945 – 2 September 2013) was a French social anthropologist, emeritus research director at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Paris and member of the Laboratory for Social Anthropology at the Collège de France. He specialized in primitives societies (like those of the Australian Aborigines and the hunter-gatherers in general) and comparative anthropology. His research themes included: slavery, marriage arrangements, funeral practices, gift and exchange, typology of societies, the political, the evolution of the societies, and questions of interpretation in prehistoric archaeology. With his works Alain Testart argued for the autonomy of anthropology as a social science and, against the anti-evolutionism that has dominated social anthropology over the past century, for a sociologically founded evolutionism.An exhaustive discussion of the question of evolutionism in social anthropology can be found in Alain Testarts article on the issue that appeared in the Revue Française de Sociologie Nr. 33, April–June 1992, pp. 155-187.
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Hence, in the term hegemonic masculinity, the adjective hegemonic refers to the cultural dynamics by means of which a social group claims, and sustains, a leading and dominant position in a social hierarchy; nonetheless, hegemonic masculinity embodies a form of social organization that has been sociologically challenged and changed. The conceptual beginnings of hegemonic masculinity represented the culturally idealized form of manhood that was socially and hierarchically exclusive and concerned with bread-winning; that was anxiety-provoking and differentiated (internally and hierarchically); that was brutal and violent, pseudo-natural and tough, psychologically contradictory, and thus crisis- prone; economically rich and socially sustained. However, many sociologists criticized that definition of hegemonic masculinity as a fixed character-type, which is analytically limited, because it excludes the complexity of different, and competing, forms of masculinity. Consequently, hegemonic masculinity was reformulated to include gender hierarchy, the geography of masculine configurations, the processes of social embodiment, and the psycho- social dynamics of the varieties of masculinity.
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The Modern Amazons: Warrior Women On-Screen has been viewed as a sociologically sound study of strong women of this growing female action hero genre in film and TV. It is quoted as having Gary Dowell - "B Movie Magic: Celebrating the Silver Screen's Tough Broads and One Mutated Superhero" (Baltimore City Paper, June 7, 2006)"an authoritative style that’s thankfully free of pretension and stuffiness." It is written from a female perspective (Mainon's) but balanced with scholarly data from verified popcult expert, James Ursini.Staff - "The Modern Amazons: Warrior Women On-Screen" (Books to Watch Out For: The Lesbian Edition) The book includes analysis of both feminist and lesbian text and subtext in action movies, TV series, and cartoons, such as Powerpuff Girls. as well as - Tank Girl, G.I. Jane, La Femme Nikita, Ripley from Alien - but also not forgetting Pippi Longstocking, Pepper from Police Woman, and Clarice (Jodie Foster) from The Silence of the Lambs.
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A tendency common in the revolutionary movements of 1848 was a perception that the liberal monarchies set up in the 1830s, despite formally being representative parliamentary democracies, were too oligarchical and/or corrupt to respond to the urgent needs of the people, and were therefore in need of drastic democratic overhaul or, failing that, separatism to build a democratic state from scratch. This was the process that occurred in Ireland between 1801 and 1848. Previously a separate kingdom, Ireland was incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801. Although its population was made up largely of Catholics, and sociologically of agricultural workers, tensions arose from the political over-representation, in positions of power, of landowners of Protestant background who were loyal to the United Kingdom. From the 1810s a conservative-liberal movement led by Daniel O'Connell had sought to secure equal political rights for Catholics within the British political system, successful in the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829.
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A study by Taber (1964) indicates that some 490 native Sango words account for about 90% of colloquial speech; however, while French loanwords are much more rarely used, they account for the majority of the vocabulary, particularly in the speech of learned people. The situation might be compared to English, in which most of the vocabulary, particularly "learned" words, is derived from Latin, Greek, or French while the basic vocabulary remains strongly Germanic. However, more recent studies suggest that the result is specific to a particular sociolect, the so-called "functionary" variety. Morrill's work, completed in 1997, revealed that there were three sociologically distinct norms emerging in the Sango language: an urban "radio" variety which is ranked by 80% of his interviewees and has very few French loan words; a so-called "pastor" variety, which is scored 60%; and a "functionary" variety, spoken by learned people, who make the highest use of French loanwords while speaking Sango, which scores 40%.
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Nouveau riche (; ) is a term used, usually derogatory, to describe those whose wealth has been acquired within their own generation, rather than by familial inheritance. The equivalent English term is the "new rich" or "new money" (in contrast with "old money"; vieux riche). Sociologically, nouveau riche refers to the person who previously had belonged to a lower social class and economic stratum (rank) within that class; and that the new money, which constitutes his or her wealth, allowed upward social mobility and provided the means for conspicuous consumption, the buying of goods and services that signal membership in an upper class. As a pejorative term, nouveau riche affects distinctions of type, the given stratum within a social class; hence, among the rich people of a social class, nouveau riche describes the vulgarity and ostentation of the newly rich man or woman who lacks the worldly experience and the system of values of "old money", of inherited wealth, such as the patriciate, the nobility, and the gentry.
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For Fichte the first and fundamental right of all individuals is the right to the conditions of human perfectibility which include certain propitious material or social living conditions which are essential to basic human flourishing in circumstances of limited benevolence. In common with Hegel Fichte further thought that altruism and social solidarity could flourish only in communities based on common culture and shared historical destiny. Fichte may therefore not only be regarded as one of the fathers of nationalism but likewise merits attention as an early advocate of the doctrine that socialism is only possible in one country and that, in that sense, socialism is closely linked to nationalism. As a pre-Revolutionary thinker, by contrast, Kant, unlike Fichte or Hegel, never accommodated the notion of the nation as a culturally and linguistically defined entity within his broader moral and political theory, although his later writings on history are more sociologically and anthropologically sensitive than commonly acknowledged.
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This book sheds light to three amateur communities and shows the features of amateur perspective. Marianne Gosztonyi Ainley from University of Chicago Press Journals writes that the author “offers useful definitions for amateurs and professionals” and that “Much of the subsequent text is sociologically minded.” In 1991, Lori V. Morris reviews Stebbins book “The Laugh-Makers: Stand-Up Comedy as Art, Business, and Life-Style.”, and writes that the book “attempts to cover a lot of ground”. She further states that “Anyone with a fan's curiosity about comedians would likely find this book interesting.” In 1996, Stebbins published a book called “The Barbershop Singer: Inside the Social World of a Musical Hobby”. Stan Parker from University of Brighton calls the book “short but highly readable” and writes that the idea of the book is “well worth holding on to.” In The Serious Leisure Perspective (2020) Stebbins provides a synthesis of the 47 years of work on the SLP. The perspective’s growth has been fostered by its own website, established in 2006 in collaboration with Jenna Hartel.
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In 1966, Maslow published a pioneering work in the psychology of science The Psychology of Science: A Reconnaissance, the first book ever actually titled ‘psychology of science’. In this book Maslow proposed a model of ‘characterologically relative’ science, which he characterized as an ardent opposition to the ‘‘historically, philosophically, sociologically and psychologically naıve’’ positivistic reluctance to see science ‘‘relative to time, place, and local culture’’. As Maslow acknowledged, the book was greatly inspired by Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), and it offers a psychological reading of Kuhn's famous distinction between "normal" and "revolutionary" science in the context of his own distinction between "safety" and "growth" science, put forward as part of a larger program for the psychology of science, outlined already in his 1954 magnum opus Motivation and Personality. Not only that Maslow offered a psychological reading of Kuhn's categories of "normal" and "revolutionary" science as an aftermath of Kuhn's Structure, but he also offered a strikingly similar dichotomous structure of science 16 years before the first edition of Structure, in his nowadays little known 1946 paper "Means-Centering Versus Problem-Centering in Science" published in the journal Philosophy of Science.
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This reaction was consistent with the contents of the bill, since H. R. 856, as officially ordered to be printed by its sponsor, Alaska Congressman Don Young, stated in its findings that Puerto Rico "does not have the status of 'free association' with the United States as that status is defined under United States law or international practice."H.R. 856 (The United States-Puerto Rico Political Status Act) The travails of H.R. 856 in the House of Representatives exemplify the hurdles from conservative and liberal members of Congress that any status choices by Puerto Rico will likely face in Congress.Washington Post – House Passes Puerto Rico Bill (archived from the original on September 30, 2007) The bill was introduced by representative Gerald Solomon (R-NY). A number of amendments were debated, seeking, for example, to make English the official language,Resources on the Puerto Rico Statehood Question (archived from the original on June 4, 2008) getting Congress to recognize that Puerto Rico is sociologically and culturally a Caribbean and Latin American nation with a distinctive culture, and recognizing the separate and distinct nature of Puerto Rican citizenship in relation to U.S. citizenship.
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