And if what you really wanted to do was get yourself booked on television so that you could run for House speaker or a higher office for your home state, those parched shorthorns wouldn't mean much to you at all.
|
|
There are small groups of Milking/Dairy Shorthorns that have not incorporated outside genetics and remain true to the conformation and production levels of Shorthorns from the earlier part of the 20th century. The Dairy Shorthorn population in Australia,FAO, DAD-IS: “Dairy Shorthorn/Australia”.
|
|
Accessed 15 August 2016. as well as the Native Milking Shorthorns of the United StatesThe Livestock Conservancy: “Milking Shorthorn - Native”. Accessed 15 August 2016. are examples of such groups. In some countries, these animals may be known as Dual Purpose Shorthorns, as they tend to have higher fleshing capabilities than traditional dairy cattle.
|
|
Despite his political career Ducie is best remembered as a leading agriculturalist and as a breeder of shorthorns. From 1851 to 1852 he was President of the Royal Agricultural Society. The sale of his famous shorthorns shortly after his death in 1853 generated £9,000. He was a prominent member of the Evangelican Alliance.
|
|
Here he maintained a herd of shorthorns of the "Booth" blood, and as a county councillor and magistrate for Northumberland was active in county matters.
|
|
Oklahoma State University breed profile With further imports through the 1800s the breed spread across the whole country. One of the first official demonstrations of the production ability of Milking Shorthorns was made at the World's Exposition in Chicago in 1893 where two of the leading cows of the test were Kitty Clay 3rd and Kitty Clay 4th, the latter standing third in net profit over all breeds. These sister cows became the foundation for the Clay cow family of Milking Shorthorns, developed at Glenside Farm, Granville Center, Pennsylvania. The first dairy cows imported into New Zealand were Shorthorns, when in 1814, they were shipped from New South Wales.
|
|
An Adaptaur cow The Adaptaur is a tropically-adapted Bos taurus beef cattle breed which was developed in Australia in the 1950s from crosses between Herefords and Shorthorns.
|
|
The breed was established in the 18th century in Northeastern England, in the Valley of the Tees River bordering the counties of Durham, Northumberland and York. Bates and Booth established a "dairy-type" strain of Shorthorns on their farms in the region, and that strain has remained until this day. Dairy Shorthorn cattle, known at one time as Durhams, were among the first cattle to be imported into Australia. The first importation of Shorthorns to the United States was to Maryland and Virginia in 1783.
|
|
Whitebred Shorthorn is a British type of beef cattle originating in north west England and south west Scotland. It is derived from Shorthorn cattle, but is always white, rather than being the range of colours found in other Shorthorns. It has not undergone the specialisation seen in other Shorthorns (Beef Shorthorn and Dairy Shorthorn), and so it remains as a more traditional hardy and thrifty cattle type. This favours its use for conservation grazing of hill pastures, grazing rank grass species to maintain a diverse flora.
|
|
He had then 'no thought of becoming a breeder of shorthorns, and only kept dairy cows.' The foundation of his pedigree herd was a yellow-red and white bull, originally bought on the advice of his brother Charles for eight guineas, and afterwards sold to his brother for the Ketton herd (known in shorthorn history as 'Hubback'). A 'shyness ' sprang up between the brothers, which became accentuated in March 1793; and the Barmpton and Ketton herds for some time lived apart, though later more amicable relations were restored. When, in October 1810, Charles Colling sold off his Ketton herd of shorthorns, Robert's herd at Barmpton 'became the centre of interest' to the breeders of shorthorns, which had then become fashionable. A famous white heifer (daughter of the bull Favourite), which weighed at the age of four years 1,820 lbs.
|
|
The Beef Shorthorn breed of cattle was developed from the Shorthorn breed in England and Scotland around 1820.Friend, John B., Cattle of the World, Blandford Press, Dorset, 1978, The Shorthorn was originally developed as a dual-purpose breed, suitable for both dairy and beef production. However, different breeders opted to concentrate on one purpose rather than the other, and in 1958, the beef breeders started their own section of the herdbook. Since then, the Beef Shorthorns have been developed as a separate breed to the Dairy Shorthorns.
|
|
Shorthorns were used as draught animals in bullock teams, were good milkers and provided good meat.Beginnings of New Zealand’s dairy industry Retrieved on 7/2/2009 Shorthorn herds were established by the early 1840s, and for a long time Shorthorns were New Zealand's most popular cattle breed. The breed has served as part of the foundation for other red dairy breeds, including Swedish Red cattle, Angeln cattle and Illawarra cattle in Australia (with some Ayrshire ancestry). The Ayrshire cattle breed was originally formed from dairy-type Shorthorn cattle in Scotland.
|
|
They are closely followed by the Shorthorn Society of Great Britain and Ireland. New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Australia and South Africa have registered populations of Milking/Dairy Shorthorns. The Illawarra Cattle Society of Australia has the largest population of Milking Shorthorn- type cattle.
|
|
Other aircraft remained in England to carry out anti-Zeppelin patrols.Ashworth 1989, p. 32.Yoxall 1950, pp. 255–256. The contingent in France was reinforced on 20 September by the personnel who had remained behind in England, forming C Flight, equipped with Maurice Farman "Shorthorns".
|
|
The city is served by the Schulenburg Independent School District and is home to the Schulenburg Shorthorns. St. Rose of Lima Catholic School (grades Pre-k through 8) operates under the guidance of the Diocese of Victoria. Other educational institutions include a campus of Blinn College.
|
|
Marbled Entrecote from Angus cattle Marbling can be influenced by selective breeding. Cattle breeds such as Angus, Herefords, Murray Grey, Shorthorns, and Wagyu, also British White cattle and dairy breeds, such as the Jersey, Holstein-Friesian, and Braunvieh have higher marbling scores on average versus other cattle such as Simmentals, Charolais, or Chianina.
|
|
A fine judge of bloodstock and shorthorns, his services were sought by various show societies. Around January 1897 he married Charlotte Marion Inglis (ca.1876 – 17 July 1898) of Georgetown, a daughter of pastoralist George Inglis. She died at Canowie after giving birth on 9 July 1898 to a son who did not survive.
|
|
Its most noted occupants were Edward Wilson, editor of The Argus, and an acclimatation enthusiast, and Robert McDougall, a famed breeder of the Booth strain of Shorthorns. Section 2, Annandale, gave Annandale Road its name. Its most noted occupant was Bill Parr. Section 3 was granted to William Foster and became known as the Springs.
|
|
AAC introduced Santa Gertrudis cattle, before achieving better results through crossing Brahmans with Kimberley Shorthorns. In 1986 it was bought by the Baines River Cattle Company. It was eventually purchased, along with other properties, by CPC in 1992. A deposit of rare zebra rock was found on the station in 2011, which was mined by the Kimberley Stone company.
|
|
Thomas Booth (c.1755–1835) was a stock breeder and improver. Booth was owner and farmer of the estate of Killerby near Catterick, Yorkshire, where, in 1790, he turned his particular attention to the breeding of shorthorns, selecting his cows from Mr. Broader of Fairholme, and the bulls from the stock of his contemporaries, Messrs. Robert and Charles Colling.
|
|
In 1929 the state owned Strathmore was put up for auction and sold for £25,000 to T. Sanderson of Melbourne. Prior to 1953 Messrs Gilchrist, Watt and Cunningham made the decision to convert the entire herd at Strathmore of 20,000 breeders to poll shorthorns. Bulls from Strathmore commanded record proices in 1953. The owner of the property in 2012 was Scott Harris.
|
|
Prather was an influential Shorthorn cattle breeder; as one of the earliest cattlemen to breed shorthorns in Illinois, he became recognized as an authority on the breed, and he served as president of the American Shorthorn Association and a member of the State Board of Agriculture. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 13, 1991.
|
|
An appreciative obituary in the Farmers' Magazine speaks of his liberality and hospitality, and describes his litigiousness as 'but a nice and discriminating view of public duty': The dispersal of Bates's herd of shorthorns on 9 May 1850 caused great excitement at the time, sixty-eight animals selling for £4,558 1s.A full description is given in Farmers' Magazine 21 (1850), pp.532ff. Bates was never married.
|
|
From 1 July 1916 a one-year military pilot training school was established and one of the hangars was converted to a barracks. Four hundred people applied and twenty were selected for the first class. The first seventeen were certified in June 1917,Kjeller: 20 using Maurice Farman Shorthorns, and organized as its own department. From 1919 the Kjeller-built FF 5 were taken into use.
|
|
Although Strong continued to raise shorthorns, he apparently did nothing else to improve the ranch. One year after buying it, he traded it for ownership of some railroad stock. By 1920, the ranch was owned by James W. Maney, an Oklahoma City railroad contractor. Money's son, Robert, actually moved into the Rock House in 1920-1921 and managed the ranch with the help of three ranch hands.
|
|
For a time he owned Moolooloo and Coxare (?) stations, stocked with cattle that he bred at Corryton. He bred his own bulls from pedigree Shorthorns and his own rams from stock be bought from the Murrays. In later years he concentrated on Jersey cattle he bought from Victoria then from A. J. Murray at Mount Crawford. He imported Lincoln sheep, Australia's first Indian Runner ducks, pheasants, partridges and hares.
|
|
However, by 1892 the herd had outgrown their accommodation, and they were sold at auction. Between 1897 and 1898, Hill purchased six cows, that included the pedigree cow Lavender Gem, and her heifer calf Lavender Wreath. The two cows had offspring that were show prize winners. The whole of the herd was of Scottish origin, apart from shorthorns purchased from Joseph Dean Willis of Bapton on 30 July 1897.
|
|
Some Shorthorns have been found to have a genetic defect called tibial hemimelia (TH), a disease caused by an abnormal gene. TH was identified in a small number of Shorthorn cattle in Canada in 1999. It is characterised by severe deformities in newborn calves, which are born with twisted rear legs with missing tibias (shin bones) and fused joints, large abdominal hernias, and often skull deformities. They cannot stand to suckle and must be destroyed.
|
|
A portrait of him at the age of about fifty-five by Sir William Ross, R.A., was engraved for the Farmers' Magazine in 1850, and a reproduction of it appears as the frontispiece of the elaborate biography of 513 pages written by Mr. Cadwallader J. Bates (his great-nephew), and published at Newcastle in 1897 under the title Thomas Bates and the Kirklevington Shorthorns. From this work most of the above facts have been drawn.
|
|
Laura King Van Dusen, "Samuel Hartsel: 1860s Pioneer Rancher, One of Colorado's First Cattlemen. Founded Town of Hartsel", Historic Tales from Park County: Parked in the Past (Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, 2013), , pp. 21–27. As early as 1864, Hartsel diversified his herd with Durham and shorthorns, which he brought to Colorado while on a buying trip to Missouri. Much of Hartsel's business success came from his having never been in debt.
|
|
On 17 May 1873, George Grant brought four Angus bulls, without any cows, to Victoria, Kansas. These were seen as unusual as the normal American cattle consisted of Shorthorns and Longhorns, and the bulls were used only in crossbreeding. However, the farmers noticed the good qualities of these bulls and afterwards, many more cattle of both sexes were imported. On 21 November 1883, the American Angus Association was founded in Chicago, Illinois.
|
|
At this time the station had an area of and about 12,000 head of cattle that were included in the deal. The Company introduced Shorthorn cattle to Anthony Lagoon as they had to their other Territory property, Austral Downs. The shorthorns were replacing the Aberdeen Angus herd which the campany found had fattened so well at Austral. In 2006, Anthony Lagoon and Eva Downs stations were both sold by the current owner, Heytesbury, to Australian Agricultural Company.
|
|
The cattle originally introduced to Enderby Island were described (in the ship's log) as 'shorthorn'. However, their descendants do not look much like modern shorthorns and are more similar to Shetland cattle. They are typically black and white, but three of the 47 cattle culled in 1991 were described as being red and white, and they were probably not a pure breed originally. They are small cattle with long bodies and short legs, giving them a distinctive appearance.
|
|
He attended grades 1-8 at Oak Mound School in Kragnes Township, Minnesota and graduated from Moorhead High School in Moorhead, Minnesota in 1948. While growing up, he was active in the Oak Mound 4-H Club, Oak Mound Parent-Teacher Association, and the Oak Mound Community Club. Following high school, he worked as a farmer raising Purebred Shorthorns and a family. He married Virginia (Trowbridge) Stangeland and fathered 7 children, 2 girls and 5 boys.
|
|
Slaughter became known as the "Cattle King of Texas."Baylor Health Care System: Online Newsroom: Christopher Columbus Slaughter, 1837-1919Meredith Simons, Today in Texas history: Cattle baron’s death ignites family feud, Houston Chronicle, January 25, 2010 Indeed, by 1905, he owned 40,000 cattle and oversaw over a million acres of land in West Texas by 1905. He bred Shorthorns with Herefords. His ranches spanned Howard County, Dawson County, Borden County, Martin County, Castro County, Lamb County, Hale County, Lynn County, and Cochran County.
|
|
The farm estate and stock were auctioned off on 25 March 1957 at which time there were 100 head of dairy shorthorns, pigs, sheep and poultry. As a relief from the demanding manual labour required of physically able inmates, patients were allowed a wide range of social and leisure activities including sports, dances and fetes. The Main Hall provided a focus for these activities, having a proscenium stage, orchestra pit and two Gaumont-Kazee cinema projectors with Rank audio visual rectifiers.
|
|
From 1921, Jones devoted his attention to the breeding of beef Shorthorn cattle at Hambledon Hill, Singleton, New South Wales where in 1915, he had established a cattle stud. His Shorthorns won many prizes at the Sydney Royal Easter Show and Royal Melbourne Show, and at important country shows. He was president of the Beef Shorthorn Society of New South Wales for some time, and at his death was a vice-president. Jones was also president of the Northern Agricultural Association.
|
|
At the end of 1915, the Whitehead Aircraft Co Ltd, headed by John Alexander Whitehead, manufactured six B.E.2b aircraft for the Royal Flying Corps (RFC), at his small factory in Richmond, Surrey. That was followed by an order for one hundred Maurice Farman MF.11 Shorthorns. Whitehead then purchased the whole of Hanworth Park, plus an area northwest of the park. Since 1915, Hanworth Park House, in the centre of the park, was occupied by the British Red Cross for recuperation of wounded servicemen.
|
|
James actually started a couple of sidelines for the property: a producing oil well and a gravel production business on the Grand River. But it was still cattle raising that brought in the big profits. In 1920, the ranch held a sale of registered shorthorns in Tulsa and grossed an average of $395 per head, which was considered a good price at the time. James Maney sold the ranch to Yeoman Life Insurance Company in 1935, ending the ranch's significance as a source of purebred shorthorn cattle.
|
|
Alexander also operated a successful cattle farm, "Durham Shorthorns from England" which contributed to the Canadian cattle breeding. Other buildings on the estate besides the house and barn: ice storage building, a power generating building and two cottages. One cottage was the home of Mr. Lewis and his family. Dominion Day 1901, a long line of carriages paraded down the main street of Wiarton and up the steep hill to the great stone gates where the coachmen turned their carriages right to the Corran.
|
|
It had been routinely carrying 5,500 head but was only stocked with 1,800 head at auction. Stapleton was passed in at the same auction for 3.2 million. Henry Townsed was experimenting with his herd in 2012 by importing Nguni embryos from Africa to cross with the shorthorns in a bid to increase tenderness in the meat. In 2013 approximately of grazing land at the property was burnt out by a bushfire that started as a result of a flare used during a Defence Force exercise at the nearby Delamere Air Weapons Range.
|
|
Turner had a welcome and a home at Farnley Hall, Fawkes's Wharfedale residence, whenever he chose to go, and used to spend months at a time there. John Ruskin has borne eloquent testimony to the influence of Fawkes, Farnley, and Wharfedale on the genius of Turner, and the Turner collection at Farnley Hall contained about 200 of the artist's works. Fawkes was also a keen agriculturist. He did much towards the improvement of his estates, and was successful as a breeder of cattle, his shorthorns being well known.
|
|
During the next 25 years, Kilfoyle built a reputation as a successful owner-manager on a medium-sized property of on what was known as a "big man's frontier," increasingly dominated by companies and absentee proprietors. Having improved his beef Shorthorns with a strain of "milk" bulls acquired from Nestlé & Anglo Swiss Condensed Milk Co. (Australasia) Ltd., he put his profits into improving the property by fencing, paddocking and providing watering-places. A federal board of inquiry into land policy in 1937 praised Kilfoyle's thorough management and close supervision of Rosewood.
|
|
Luing cattle (pronounced ling cattle) are a beef breed developed on the island of Luing in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland by the Cadzow brothers in 1947. It was formed by first crossbreeding Beef Shorthorn with Highland cattle and then breeding the resulting progeny with Beef Shorthorns to produce an animal three quarters Beef Shorthorn, one quarter Highland. The breed of red-brown cattle are moderately sized and extremely hardy. The intent was to produce a good beef cow with the ability to raise a calf under adverse weather conditions.
|
|
Churchill Methodist Church in Front Street, Churchill, built in memory of Hill's wife. Hill took up a new life as a gentleman farmer, adding stables to the estate, a dairy and Langford Bullock Palaces for his prized Red Scotch Shorthorn cattle. He was well known as a breeder of pedigree shorthorn cattle, Southdown sheep, hackney and shire horses. In 1881, he laid the foundation for his herd by purchasing two pedigree Dairy Shorthorns cows, Minerva and Irony, and the pedigree bull Oswald 50118, from Richard Stratton of Duffryn, Newport.
|
|
On one occasion the firm purchased from the estate of the late Richard Morton thirty- seven prime shorthorns, known previously as the Mount Derrimut herd, for £27,000, the sum of £2,500 being paid for one of the bulls: Oxford Cherry Duke. The last sale of the regular series took place in 1884, and in 1885 the famous "F.F." herd was dispersed, owing to the dissolution of the partnership which had till then subsisted between Messrs. Robertson Brothers and the executors of the late John Robertson, the surviving brothers having decided to confine their attention almost exclusively to sheep-breeding.
|
|
Gell took an active interest in agricultural development, and was a member of the council of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. A contemporary obituary states that Gell was ″well known throughout the country by reason of the deep interest he took in agriculture... he maintained an excellent heard of shorthorns at Hopton, and was one of the first to perceive the importance of the shire horse.″ Gell had five daughters with his first wife who died in 1868. He married the following year Teresa Charlotte Manningham-Buller, daughter of Sir Edward Manningham-Buller, 1st Baronet, of Dilhorne Hall, Staffordshire.
|
|
Colonel B. B. Groom, an experienced cattleman near Lexington, Kentucky, leased from the New York and Texas Land Company of land in Hutchinson, Carson, Gray, and Roberts counties in the Texas Panhandle in 1882, resulting in the organization of the Francklyn Land and Cattle Company. Groom purchased an estimated 1,300 head of shorthorns in 1882 and selected the Diamond F brand, approved by the Francklyn officials and filed as the company's brand in October 1882. Unfortunately, Groom's vision of the finest and most desirable cattle ranch in the United States did not materialize for him. The Francklyn Land and Cattle Company became insolvent in 1886.
|
|
He removed to Studley farm in 1814, which was speedily stocked with shorthorns. He was a great believer in in-breeding, and when he sold off in 1834 the best cows were fine animals in direct descent from Twin Brother to Ben, a bull bred by his father as far back as 1790. He gave up Studley farm in 1834, and sold off the whole of his herd except Isabella by Pilot, and retired to Sharrow, near Ripon. On the death of his father in the following year he succeeded to the estate and shorthorn herd at Warlaby, and again turned his attention to breeding.
|
|
The Australians were augmented by personnel from the Indian Army and New Zealand. On 20 April, the half-flight left India for Mesopotamia (Iraq) to provide air support to Indian and British troops against the Ottoman Empire (Turkey). Upon its arrival in Basra on 26 May, the half-flight took delivery of two Maurice Farman Shorthorns and a Maurice Farman Longhorn. These three biplanes were already obsolete and of a "pusher" design, so-called because the propeller faced backwards behind the cockpit. In particular, they were not suitable for desert conditions: their top speed was only 50 mph (80 km/h), while the wind (known locally as the shamal) often reached 80 mph (129 km/h).
|
|
The climate is mild, with a mean annual temperature of around (January, ; July, ), and the average annual rainfall is 53 in. Towards the middle of the 18th century farmers began to raise stock for the south, and a hundred years later 20,000 head of heavy cattle were sent yearly to the English markets. The Galloways, which were the breed in vogue at first, have been to a large extent replaced by shorthorns and Ayrshire dairy cattle. Sheep breeding, of later origin, has attained to remarkable dimensions, the walks in the higher hilly country being given over to Cheviots, and the richer pasture of the low-lying farms being reserved for half-bred lambs, a cross of Cheviots and Leicesters or other long-woolled rams.
|
|
1–3Wilson, The Brotherhood of Airmen, pp. 4–9 In Mesopotamia, Petre was required to lead the AFC contingent in reconnaissance and sabotage missions, and had to deal with unreliable machines, hazardous terrain, and the threat of incarceration or death at the hands of hostile tribesmen. From 31 May to 4 June 1915, he took part in operations in the Amara area, for which he was mentioned in despatches. The obsolete aircraft supplied by the Indian Government, two Maurice Farman Shorthorns and a Maurice Farman Longhorn, were only capable of top speeds of 50 mph (80 km/h), while the desert wind (known as the shamal) could reach 80 mph (129 km/h), meaning that the aircraft often made no headway or were simply blown backwards.
|
|
While these genetic expansion programs have been embraced, national breed associations have been instrumental in ensuring that the breed works to retain the characteristics that make it an efficient alternative in the dairy industry. Some national breed associations have been active in either approving sires for use or directly selling semen on a range of sires of varying purity percentages. All countries have different herd book mechanisms for tracking the percentage of purity of each registered animal but some are more rigorous than others. The breed has largely ensured that breeders are able to follow whatever breeding program suits their needs, resulting in both herds of "blended" Shorthorns with many animals at less than 50% purity, as well as herds in several countries were most animals are purebred.
|
|
His great aim was to raise a useful class of animals, that, besides possessing beauty of form, would milk copiously, fatten readily, and when slaughtered turn out satisfactorily to the butcher. With these views he sought to reduce the bone of the animal, especially the length and coarseness of the legs, the prominency of the hips, the heavy bones of the shoulders, and those unsightly projections called shoulder points, which previously were great defects in the unimproved shorthorns. In these efforts he was most successful, and his cows and bulls for many years carried away the highest prizes at the chief exhibitions of stock. About the period of 1814 he was considered to be the most enterprising and skilful improver of cattle in his district, if not of his day.
|
|
Hereford bull of Mr. Jeffries, winning the first prize of the 1843 Royal Agricultural Show in Derby Until the 18th century, the cattle of the Herefordshire area were similar to other cattle of southern England, being wholly red with a white switch, similar to the modern North Devon and Sussex breeds. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, other cattle (mainly Shorthorns) were used to create a new type of draught and beef cattle which at first varied in colour, different herds ranging from yellow to grey and light brown, and with varying amounts of white. However, by the end of the 18th century the white face characteristic of the modern breed was well established, and the modern colour was established during the 19th century.Trow-Smith, Robert (1959), A History of British Livestock Husbandry 1700–1900, Routledge and Kegan Paul, pp 100–103.
|
|
No. 5 Squadron was formed at Shawbury in England on 15 June 1917, as a unit of the Australian Flying Corps, under the command of Captain Andrew Lang, and was initially known as "29 (Australian) (Training) Squadron" of the Royal Flying Corps. During August 1917, Major Henry Petre assumed command of the squadron. Its Australian Flying Corps designation ("No. 5 (Training) Squadron, AFC") was officially recognised in early 1918. Equipped with a variety of aircraft, including Maurice Farman Shorthorns, Airco DH.6, Avro 504s, Sopwith Pups, S.E.5as and Sopwith Camels, the squadron provided training to Australian pilots in Britain during World War I. After completing their training with No. 5 Squadron Australian pilots could be posted to one of the operational squadrons but to begin with the squadron's main role was to train pilots and observers for service in No. 1 Squadron in the Middle East.
|
|
A year later he made a great sensation at the first show of the then newly established English Agricultural Society, held at Oxford in 1839, with his tour shorthorns, all of which won the prizes, and one of which, called 'Duke of Northumberland,' was said to be 'one of the finest bulls ever bred' (Farm. Mag. 1850, p. 2). Bates continued showing and winning prizes at subsequent meetings of the Royal Agricultural Society of England (under which name the English Agricultural Society was incorporated by charter in 1840) and had a great epistolary conflict with the executive after the York show of 1848, the last he attended. Up to 1849 he had enjoyed robust health, living almost in the open air, and very simply ; but a painful disease of the kidneys carried him off on 25 July 1849 at the age of seventy-four.
|
|
In 1848 Deuchar sold Canal Creek, and succeeded Fred Bracker as manager of Rosenthal for the Aberdeen Co, and became travelling superintendent of the company's properties. In 1829 Bracker, from Mecklenburg, Germany, had brought to New South Wales a flock of Saxon Merinos of the Rambouillet family from Prince Esterhazy's Silesian flock for the Aberdeen Co. On Rosenthal, Deuchar had the first two thoroughbred Merino rams on the Darling Downs; Camden Billy from John Macarthur's stud at Camden Park, already there when he took over, and German Billy, which he brought with him from Canal Creek. A fine Merino stud was developed from a blend of Spanish Negretti Cabana and Rambouillet strains, developing long, superfine wool. Deuchar began breeding cattle, especially Shorthorns, and brought to Rosenthal Lord Raglan, the first imported Shorthorn bull to reach the Downs, and well bred cattle from the Australian Agricultural Co's properties farther south.
|
|
Members of the Half Flight gather around a Royal Naval Air Service Short 827 After the outbreak of war in 1914, the Australian Flying Corps sent one aircraft, a B.E.2, to assist in capturing the German colonies in northern New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. However, German forces in the Pacific surrendered quickly, before the aircraft was even unpacked from its shipping crate. The first operational flights did not occur until 27 May 1915, when the Mesopotamian Half Flight (MHF), under the command of Captain Henry Petre, was called upon to assist the Indian Army in protecting British oil interests in what is now Iraq. Operating a mixture of aircraft including Caudrons, Maurice Farman Shorthorns, Maurice Farman Longhorns and Martinsydes, the MHF initially undertook unarmed reconnaissance operations, before undertaking light bombing operations later in the year after being attached to No. 30 Squadron RFC.
|
|
Flight training in the UK consisted of a total of three hours dual instruction followed by up to a further 20 hours solo flying – although some pilots, including the AFC's highest-scoring ace, Harry Cobby, received less – after which a pilot had to prove his ability to undertake aerial bombing, photography, formation flying, signalling, dog-fighting and artillery observation. Elementary training was undertaken on types such as Shorthorns, Avro 504s and Pups, followed by operational training on Scouts, Camels and RE8s. Upon completion, pilots received their commission and their "wings", and were allocated to the different squadrons based on their aptitude during training: the best were usually sent to scout squadrons, while the others were sent to two-seaters. Initially, the AFC raised its ground staff from volunteer soldiers and civilians who had previous experience or who were trade trained, and when the first AFC squadron was formed these personnel were provided with very limited training that was focused mainly upon basic military skills.
|
|