"You want to trim your pubic hair down a bit," Shays says.
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Christopher Shays was a Republican U.S. representative from Connecticut from 1987 to 2009.
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"Arbutin comes from the leaves of fruits such as bearberry, pear, and cranberry," Shays says.
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"Look for shaving products that don't have a lot of ingredients in them," Shays says.
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The factual basis for the conclusions reached by Shays and Swett are misguided and incomplete.
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Shays served in Congress from 85033-2009 and Hochbrueckner served in Congress from 1987-1995.
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When Shays advanced, on January 26, 1787, the state militia fired grapeshot from two cannons.
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"You want to make sure you're shaving in the direction of your hair growth," Shays says.
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Six days later, Shays and Day organized a group to shut down the state supreme court.
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Shays is a huge fan of barrier creams like Aquaphor, but she also suggests diaper rash creams.
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At Harvard he had watched ragged debtors take up arms against the Massachusetts government in Shays' Rebellion.
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Chris Shays, a Republican, represented Connecticut's 21625th Congressional District in the U.S. House from 2900 to 220006.
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"If you see one or two [ingrown hairs], you can spot treat with glycolic acid or benzoyl peroxide," says Shays.
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The list includes former Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez, former Congressman Chris Shays and former Director of National Intelligence John Negroponte.
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One of the many distinguishing characteristics of Juchitán is its population of muxes (pronounced moo-shays), which means "woman" in Zapotecan dialect.
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He does and says everything my mom and dad taught me never to say and do," Shays said on MSNBC's "Morning Joe.
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"If you can put your leg up on something stable, that's a great way to get those hard-to-reach places," Shays says.
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If you have an adventurous partner, Shays says this is a fantastic time to employ them to help with those hard-to-reach places.
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And while we're getting all up in your anatomy, a word on your asshole: Shays says to stay away from it with the razor.
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I.) John "Joe" Schwarz (Mich.) Chris Shays (Conn.) Peter Smith (Vt.) Edward Weber (Ohio) Vin Weber (Minn.) G. William Whitehurst (Va.) Dick Zimmer (R-N.
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Connie Morella (R-Md.) and Chris Shays (R-Conn.), former U.S. ambassador and Director of National Intelligence John Negroponte and Hewlett-Packard CEO Meg Whitman.
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Since laser hair removal can set you back several hundred dollars, Jodi Shays, an aesthetician and founder of Queen Bee Salon & Spa, recommends a spot treatment.
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Connie Morella (R-Md.) and Chris Shays (R-Conn.), former U.S. ambassador and Director of National Intelligence John Negroponte, Hewlett-Packard CEO Meg Whitman, and others.
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Chris Shays (R-Conn.) said on Wednesday that John Kasich was his first choice, but he is now supporting Clinton — a Democrat — because Trump is too dangerous.
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When the governor of Massachusetts asked for help putting down the Shays Rebellion in 1786, Congress essentially shrugged its shoulders, unable to offer troops of its own.
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"It wouldn't just be in token positions," said Chris Shays, a former Connecticut GOP congressman who last month penned an op-ed announcing his endorsement of Clinton.
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The Rebellion came to a head when Shays marched on the Federal Armory at Springfield with 703,500 men, intending to coordinate a simultaneous attack with Day's forces.
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Shays suggests cleaning with a fragrance-free antibacterial wash on the bikini line and the vulva so that if a nick happens, you can avoid a nasty infection.
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Two groups of Massachusetts farmers led by Daniel Shays and Luke Day got fed up with the government demanding they pay taxes in hard currency rather than goods.
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Dr. Marmur recommends Bio Oil, while aesthetician Jodi Shays of Queen Bee Salon & Spa says that vitamin E oils and even shea butter can be incredibly helpful as well.
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It will no doubt be jarring for some readers to find, amid mentions of the Ordinance of 1784 and Shays' Rebellion, references to the Koch brothers and police brutality.
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"This was a wipeout for Republicans in the Northeast," declared Christopher H. Shays, a former moderate Republican congressman from Connecticut who lost his own re-election a decade ago.
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The campaign finance reform effort eventually succeeded, named for a companion bill in the House sponsored by Chris Shays, a Republican from Connecticut, and Marty Meehan, a Democrat from Massachusetts.
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"As you're moving around all day the tight underwear is rubbing against the skin, and of course, the skin is beginning to get irritated," Jodi Shays, aesthetician and founder of Queen Bee Salon & Spa, says.
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" In an op-ed for CNN, another former Republican congressman Chris Shays, wrote that Trump "represents practically everything I was taught not to be, and everything my wife and I taught our daughter not to be.
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So I called up Jodi Shays, owner and founder of Queen Bee Salons in California, and asked her a series of increasingly personal questions about how to shave my favorite body part bald without risking stitches.
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"It's in her genes," Shays said in an interview, pointing to the Clinton administration's advocacy for bipartisan bills on welfare reform and the creation of AmeriCorps and then the senator's work on behalf of the victims, survivors and rescue workers from the Sept.
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Mederma is quite possibly the biggest name in scar-reduction treatments, and for good reason: It remains one of the more effective topical options out there for everything from surgical to acne scars, according to Jodi Shays, esthetician and founder of Queen Bee Salon & Spa.
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After watching Mike and Scheana drag out all their skeletons for our viewing pleasure, it's a little unsettling to see the cast (sans Mike) reset for a happy final minute with puppies and cocktails, as if the former Shays hadn't just bared their souls.
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Image via Wiki Commons Year: 1786Who Revolted: Farmers led by Daniel Shays, over high taxes How They Failed: Beaten by better armed government forces The ink wasn't even dry on the Articles of Confederation before the new Americans started agitating against their infant government.
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On the road from bare to bush, you might experience ingrown hairs, irritation, and chafing along the way — the storm before the pubic hair rainbow, if you will — but with the advice of Jodi Shays of Queen Bee Salon & Spa, you'll be embracing the style in no time.
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Christopher Shays (R-Conn.), the author of the bill, and Meredith as a reform advocate supporting the legislation), the argument was simple: Congress should live by the same laws it imposes on the executive branch and the private sector, and Congress will write better laws when it has to live by the laws it writes.
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Christopher Shays is a former member of Congress who chaired the National Security Committee of the Government Oversight Committee and Richard Swett is a former Member of Congress and former U.S. Ambassador both favor normalization of relations between Sudan and the U.S. The views expressed by authors are their own and not the views of The Hill.
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Political signatories include Ray LaHood, a former Republican member of Congress who had served as chair of the Intelligence Committee's Terrorism and Homeland Security Subcommittee and later served as Transportation secretary in the Obama administration; former New Jersey governor Christine Todd Whitman, who served as EPA administrator in the George W. Bush administration; and former member of Congress Chris Shays, who served as chair of the House Oversight Committee's Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs.
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Chris Shays (R-Conn.) on Thursday slammed the Republican National Convention in explaining why he is supporting Democratic nominee Hillary ClintonHillary Diane Rodham ClintonTop Sanders adviser: Warren isn't competing for 'same pool of voters' Anti-Trump vets join Steyer group in pressing Democrats to impeach Trump Republicans plot comeback in New Jersey MORE for president over Donald TrumpDonald John TrumpTrump pushes back on recent polling data, says internal numbers are 'strongest we've had so far' Illinois state lawmaker apologizes for photos depicting mock assassination of Trump Scaramucci assembling team of former Cabinet members to speak out against Trump MORE.
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Here's a list of signatories: Steve Bartlett (R-TX) Bob Bauman (R-MD) Sherwood Boehlert (R-NY) Jack Buechner (R-MO) Tom Campbell (R-CA) Bill Clinger (R-PA) Tom Coleman (R-MO) Geoff Davis (R-KY) Mickey Edwards (R-OK) Harris Fawell (R-IL) Ed Foreman (R-TX) (R-NM) Amo Houghton, Jr. (R-NY) Gordon Humphrey (Senator, R-NH) Bob Inglis (R-SC) Jim Kolbe (R-AZ) Steve Kuykendall (R-CA) Jim Leach (R-IA) Pete McCloskey (R-CA) Connie Morella (R-MD) Mike Parker (R-MS) Tom Petri (R-WI) John Porter (R-IL) Claudine Schneider (R-RI) John "Joe" Schwarz (R-MI) Chris Shays (R-CT) Peter Smith (R-VT) Edward Weber (R-OH) Vin Weber (R-MN) G. William Whitehurst (R-VA) Dick Zimmer (R-NJ)
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Republicans for Environmental Protection,Congressman Christopher Shays. Shays, Leader on Environmental Issues, Comments on Global Warming Report.
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Christopher Shays on Principles & Values. Retrieved October 10, 2006. The Republican Majority for Choice,Christopher Shays Endorsements. Retrieved October 10, 2006.
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Shays Creek is a stream in Madison County in the U.S. state of Missouri. Shays Creek bears the name of a pioneer citizen.
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Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Shays, Christopher H. Retrieved October 9, 2006. Shays has always remained a Christian Scientist—a system of thought and practice derived from the writings of Mary Baker Eddy and the Bible—throughout his life. Shays married Betsi DeRaismes in 1968.
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One Fierce Nor'easter. U.S. News & World Report May 29, 2006. Shays is labeled by his supporters as a "maverick"Keating, Christopher. "Rep. Shays Facing His Toughest Race in 17 Years; Incumbent's Maverick Image Concerns Fellow Republicans".
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Shays at a political debate held at Fairfield University in October 2006 In 2006, Shays was in "the fight of his political life", facing a rematch with Farrell. According to U.S. News & World Report, "With money pouring in from the district and from national groups (Farrell expects to raise close to $3 million, Shays a bit less) and unregulated political interest groups targeting Shays with automated calls and negative telemarketing designed as polls, this one already has the odor of ugly." According to the U.S. News report, Farrell says that, in 2002, Shays voted in support of Bush's post-9/11 agenda 80% of the time, but other analyses of his voting record revealed that historically he voted more often with liberals. Despite the strong challenge from Farrell, Shays was re-elected to Congress in the 2006 election by a slim margin of 6,645 votes (3%).
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Simeon died in September 1786 at the age of 45 when his horse slipped on the ice while engaged in the suppression of Shays' Rebellion in Springfield. His son Jerry Wheelock was prominent in the textile industry in Uxbridge, joining forces with early woolen mill pioneer, Daniel Day. Shays' Rebellion had its opening salvos in Uxbridge, a year before. Shays' Rebellion was an uprising of farmers related to currency disarray after the Revolution.
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Shays is a moderate Republican. From 1990 onward, Shays voted with the Republican majority 76.8% of the time, voted with the Democratic majority 57.9% of the time and missed 2.5% of the votes. A U.S. News & World Report analysis of Shays' voting record found that he is a moderate, having voted historically more often with liberals than with conservatives, although it noted he voted with Congressional Republicans 80% of the time in 2002.Halloran, Liz.
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Shays carried 14 of the 17 towns in his district. However, Himes took the three largest towns—Bridgeport, Norwalk and Stamford. Ultimately, Shays could not overcome a landslide loss in Bridgeport, the largest city in the district, where he won only 19% of the vote.
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Shays' rebel forces, attempting to overtake the armory, flee from the state militia as grape shot is fired from artillery In 1786 and 1787, American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led an armed, populist uprising that attempted to overthrow the Government of Massachusetts. On January 25, 1787, thousands of Shays' Regulators marched on the Springfield Armory, hoping to seize its weaponry and force a change of government. That day the Springfield Armory was defended by state militia, who fired grape shot at the rebels, forcing them to flee. This confrontation proved decisive, as Shays' Rebellion was crushed soon thereafter, and some of its participants tried for treason.
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On November 7, 2006, incumbent Representative Christopher Shays defeated Diane Farrell by a margin of approximately 3%. The final tally was 106,558 (51%) for Shays, 99,993 (48%) for Farrell. This was comparable to the result in 2004, when Farrell also received 48% of the vote.Election Results.
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A week after Democratic Senator Ted Kennedy campaigned in Connecticut for Farrell, Shays was questioned about the Mark Foley scandal. Shays said, "Dennis Hastert didn't kill anybody", referring to the 1969 Chappaquiddick incident involving Kennedy.Shays on Foley handling: At least no one died. CNN October 11, 2006.
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In 1795, after Shays' Rebellion Daniel Shays moved from Massachusetts to Preston Hollow, a hamlet in Rensselaerville. His son became one of the leading citizens of the town. The Conkling–Boardman–Eldridge Farm and Rensselaerville Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
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William Shepard to assist in suppressing Shays' Rebellion; Gen. Tupper helped organize volunteers for the militia, and was with Gen Shepard defending the Springfield, Massachusetts armory when Shays attacked and was defeated.Drake, Memorials of the Society of Cincinnati, 490.Hildreth, Early Pioneer Settlers of Ohio, 224–27.
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In April 2008, Schiff endorsed Murray Sabrin for the US Senate seat in New Jersey. Schiff did not endorse McMahon in the 2012 Republican primary but rather her opponent, former Representative Christopher Shays. Shays lost the primary to McMahon, who lost in the general election to Democrat Chris Murphy.
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Adelaide married businessman Henry "Harry" Wallerstein in 1899; they divorced in 1910. In 1911 she married businessman Noble McConnell. She died at the Hotel Astor in New York City in 1942, aged 73 years. Congressman Chris Shays is her grand-nephew; he is the grandson of Adelaide McConnell's sister, Lillian Cecile Dorn Shays.
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Out Of Step. The Hartford Courant June 11, 2006. Shays is pro-choice on abortion but voted for the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. Shays was endorsed by the Brady Campaign for his support for gun control and was one of only six Republicans to vote against banning lawsuits against gun manufacturers and distributors in 2005.
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The outbreak of Shays' Rebellion in 1786 reinforced the necessity for constitutional reform in the eyes of Washington and other American leaders.
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Retrieved October 10, 2006. It's My Party Too,Advisory Board — Christopher Shays. Retrieved October 10, 2006. and the Congressional Wildlife Refuge Caucus.
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Shays Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis among the citizenry and in opposition to the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades; the fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels (called Shaysites) in a protest against economic and civil rights injustices. Shays was a farmhand from Massachusetts at the beginning of the Revolutionary War; he joined the Continental Army, saw action at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Battle of Bunker Hill, and Battles of Saratoga, and was eventually wounded in action. In 1787, Shays' rebels marched on the federal Springfield Armory in an unsuccessful attempt to seize its weaponry and overthrow the government.
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Muldaur subsequently earned two Emmy nominations for her role as pushy and power- hungry lawyer Rosalind Shays on L.A. Law. Of Roz's creation, by prolific television writer David E. Kelley, Muldaur said: In one episode of the Stephen Bochco-drama, Jill Eikenberry's character Ann Kelsey tells Shays: "If you were a man, you'd be applauded for your achievements." Muldaur insisted her character "was just too strong for a lot of men". Muldaur described the L.A. Law actors as "the closest family", and said she was "thrilled" to play a villain like Shays after portraying "everybody's mistress for 20 years", and expressed fascination with the public reception for Shays: The surprise scene where Roz and Leland are seen in bed together was ranked as the 38th greatest moment in television in an issue of EGG magazine.
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Several short stories of Bellamy's were published in 1898, and The Duke of Stockbridge; a Romance of Shays' Rebellion was published in 1900.
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In the 2008 election, Shays faced Democratic nominee Jim Himes, an affordable housing executive and businessman; Libertarian nominee M.A. Carrano, an experimental philosopher, systems consultant and author; and Green Party nominee Richard Duffee. Shays was defeated by Himes 51% to 48%. Himes was likely assisted by Barack Obama's landslide victory in the 4th; Obama carried the district with 60% of the vote, one of the largest margins for a Republican-held district. Shays' defeat resulted in there being no Republicans representing New England in the House for the first time since the GOP's inception in the 1850s.
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Shays officially entered the 2012 U.S. Senate race on August 22, 2011, to replace retiring senator Joe Lieberman. At the Connecticut State Republican Convention, Linda McMahon earned the endorsement of the state Republican Party by a delegate vote of 658 to 351 over Shays. The two were the only candidates to qualify for the primary, which would take place on August 14, 2012. A series of independent polls had shown Shays defeating or in dead heat with the top Democratic contenders in the general election, while those same polls show McMahon losing handily to each of the top Democratic contenders.
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Shays grew up in Darien, Connecticut, attended Principia College in Elsah, Illinois, and received an MBA and MPA from New York University. He was a member of the Connecticut state house of representatives from 1975–1987, when he was elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of United States Representative Stewart McKinney.Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. SHAYS, Christopher H. Retrieved October 9, 2006.
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The events and people of the uprising are commemorated in the towns where they lived and those where events took place. Sheffield erected a memorial (pictured above) marking the site of the "last battle", and Pelham memorialized Daniel Shays. US Route 202, which runs through Pelham, is called the Daniel Shays Highway. A statue of General Shepard was erected in his hometown of Westfield.
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Shays was born in Stamford, Connecticut, the son of Margaret "Peggy" (née Oliver) and Thurston Crane Shays. His maternal grandmother was born in Scotland. He grew up in Darien, attended the Christian Science Principia College in Elsah, Illinois, and received both a Master of Business Administration and a Master of Public Administration from New York University. He lives in the Black Rock section of Bridgeport, Connecticut.
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Project VoteSmart. Representative Christopher H. Shays (CT): Gun Issues. Retrieved October 9, 2005. Despite having voted in favor of the Defense of Marriage Act in 1996, Shays voted against the Federal Marriage Amendment in both 2004 and 2006 that would constitutionally ban same-sex marriage, and co-sponsored a bill to overturn the military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy that prohibited LGBT troops from serving openly.
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Shays grew up in Darien, Connecticut, attended Principia College in Elsah, Illinois, and received an MBA and MPA from New York University. He was a member of the Connecticut state house of representatives from 1975-1987, when he was elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of United States Representative Stewart McKinney.Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. SHAYS, Christopher H. Retrieved October 9, 2006.
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It is understood that the village's name of Wheelockville is derived from this branch of the Wheelock family. The earliest Wheelock settler of Uxbridge was Lt. Simeon Wheelock, an Uxbridge blacksmith who fought at Lexington, and died in Shays' Rebellion. Shays' Rebellion had opening salvos in the town of Uxbridge. The Blackstone Valley is a corridor of national significance to America's earliest industrial revolution.
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Shays served as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1975 to 1987, representing part of Stamford (he has since moved to Bridgeport). Just a few months after starting his seventh term in the state house, Shays entered a special election for the 4th District after 16-year incumbent Stewart McKinney died of AIDS, and won with 57 percent of the vote. He won the seat in his own right in 1988 and was reelected nine times. From 1988 to 2002, Shays was reelected fairly handily, never dropping below 57 percent of the vote even as the 4th turned more Democratic at the national level.
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Ketchum, p. 260 Another notable participant was Daniel Shays, who later became famous for his army of protest in Shays' Rebellion.Richards, p. 95 Israel Potter was immortalized in Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile, a novel by Herman Melville.Ketchum, p. 257Melville Colonel John Paterson commanded the Massachusetts First Militia, served in Shays' Rebellion, and became a congressman from New York.Biographical Directory of the United States Lt. Col. Seth Read, who served under John Paterson at Bunker Hill, went on to settle Geneva, New York and Erie, Pennsylvania, and was said to have been instrumental in the phrase E pluribus unum being added to U.S. coins.
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The Greek Revival church was built next door in 1839; it now houses the local historical society. The town center is historically significant as the last organized encampment site of rebel forces led by Daniel Shays during the Shays' Rebellion. The town hall is a two-story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. Its main facade is five bays wide, with a projecting central square vestibule.
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Casciato, Don. Farrell and Shays Duel Over Iraq, Rumsfeld. Westport News October 6, 2006. A 2004 article in The New York Times reported that Shays faulted Farrell for allowing Westport's property taxes to double in seven years; she replied that the town had the eighth lowest property tax rate in Connecticut, with "a lot to show for that money in the form of new schools and a new senior center".
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The Horse Caves of Granby, Massachusetts are a geological feature in the Holyoke Range. These caves are really ledges. They are found along the New England National Scenic Trail to the east of the summit of Mount Norwottuck. According to legend, some of the men fighting with Daniel Shays in Shays' Rebellion hid out in the Horse Caves after their defeat at the hands of the Massachusetts militia.
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Himes faced the ten-term Republican incumbent Chris Shays in the 2008 congressional election, along with Libertarian nominee M.A. Carrano, a professional philosophy writer and systems consultant, and Green Party nominee Richard Duffee. Winning by a margin of 51 percent to 47 percent, while Shays won 14 of the district's 17 towns, Himes won all three of the district's large cities -- Bridgeport, Norwalk and Stamford. Ultimately, he owed his victory to swamping Shays in Bridgeport, winning a staggering 80 percent of the vote there.Elections Results from the Connecticut Secretary of State He was also helped by Barack Obama's massive win in that district; Obama carried the 4th with 60 percent of the vote, one of the largest margins Obama recorded in a Republican-held district.
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28 The rebels had planned their assault for January 25, but Day changed this at the last minute and sent a message to Shays indicating that he would not be ready to attack until the 26th.Szatmary, p. 101 Day's message was intercepted by Shepard's men, so the militia of Shays and Parsons approached the armory on the 25th not knowing that they would have no support from the west;Richards, p. 29 instead, they found Shepard's militia waiting for them.
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An October 4, 2006 poll conducted by Zogby showed 46 percent of likely voters supported Farrell while 41 percent supported Shays, and 11 percent remained undecided.Reuters/Zogby Poll: Dems Hold Leads in Races for Key House GOP Seats as Republicans grapple with sex scandal. Retrieved October 13, 2006. An October 2, 2006 poll conducted by the University of Connecticut's Center for Survey Research and Analysis showed 44 percent of likely voters supported Shays while 40 percent supported Farrell, and sixteen percent remained undecided.
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In 1964 Clayton-Thomas and The Shays recorded a rendition of John Lee Hooker's "Boom Boom". This led to a New York engagement for the Shays on NBC-TV's Hullabaloo at the invitation of its host, Paul Anka. Abandoning the bars on the strip, Clayton-Thomas began performing in Yorkville Village's coffeehouses. He immersed himself in the local jazz & blues scene dominated by the likes of John Lee Hooker, Joe Williams, Sonny Terry and Brownie McGhee, Lenny Breau, Oscar Peterson, and Moe Koffman.
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Scientific work conducted on the 14-meter radio telescope will be continued on the modern 50-meter Large Millimeter Telescope in Mexico. The former First Congregational Church of Prescott; built in 1846, it was purchased by silk magnate Joseph Skinner who moved it to South Hadley in 1930; it now houses the Joseph Allen Skinner Museum Daniel Shays, leader of the 1787 rebellion which bears his name, was a resident of that part of Pelham which later became the southern part of Prescott. The site of his former home is still above water; but the house was gone by 1927, and in any event the site is inaccessible to the general public. The Conkey Tavern, located roughly to the west of the Shays site, was where the Shays Rebellion was largely planned.
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The Shays campaign asserted the former Congressman showed more electability than McMahon, due to her loss in an open Senate seat contest in 2010 by a large margin despite spending $50 million of her own money, also citing her high unfavorable numbers among state voters, and the weak fundraising numbers of the McMahon campaign.Shays Cites Reasons for Optimism in Race Against McMahon – Hotline On Call Despite support among Independents and even some Democrats, Shays faced a significant obstacles in the primary trailing in both campaign funds and poll results. Vastly outspent by more than $60 million, McMahon defeated Shays by a three- to-one margin in the primary. She faced Democratic Representative Chris Murphy in the general election and lost, marking her second consecutive defeat in two years.
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Rev. Whitman or Wightman Jacobs (1727 – 1801) was an American Baptist clergyman known for his leadership of a Separate Baptist Church in Thompson, Connecticut, and his ministry and departure from Royalston, Massachusetts following Shays' Rebellion.
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Shays had one group east of Springfield near Palmer, Luke Day had a second force across the Connecticut River in West Springfield, and the force under Eli Parsons was to the north at Chicopee.Richards, p.
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McMahon defeated Shays by a three-to-one margin, spending $15.7 million of her money on the campaign. She lost to Democratic U.S. Representative Chris Murphy in the general election, marking her second consecutive defeat.
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R. 1922 in 1999, the 106th Congress, and reintroduced with different numbers through 2007, the 110th Congress). The Shays-Meehan Campaign Reform Act (H.R. 417) evolved into the McCain–Feingold Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002.
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The 2008 Connecticut 4th Congressional District Election was held on November 7 to elect the representative from the 4th District of Connecticut, which includes 17 towns in southwest Connecticut. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; the elected representative will serve in the 111th United States Congress from January 3, 2009 until January 3, 2011. The candidates were Christopher Shays, Republican, incumbent, member of the United States House of Representatives since 1987; Jim Himes, Democrat, an affordable housing executive, businessman, community leader. Ultimately Himes narrowly defeated Shays by 12,338 votes.
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Engraving – there are no portraits – depicting Daniel Shays (left) and Job Shattuck of Shays' Rebellion. In July 1786, a diverse group of Western Massachusetts gentlemen, farmers, and war veterans – often characterized as "yeoman farmers" by the Massachusetts and Federal governments, convened in Southampton, Massachusetts, to write-up a list of grievances with the 1780 Massachusetts State Constitution. Among, the conventioneers was William Pynchon, the voice of Springfield's – and the Connecticut River Valley's – most powerful family. The convention produced twenty-one articles – 17 were grievances, necessitating radical changes to Massachusetts' State Constitution.
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The representative of the 4th district is Jim Himes who worked for 12 years at Goldman Sachs Group Inc. before leaving to head Enterprise Community Partners, a group that worked to combat urban poverty. Himes defeated longtime Republican incumbent Chris Shays in the November 2008 election. The district has a long history of moderate and independent Congressmen, with Shays succeeding Representatives such as Stewart McKinney (who had died from AIDS, in 1987) and Lowell P. Weicker (who became estranged from the Republican Party following his service on the Senate Watergate Committee).
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In the campaign finance reporting period ending June 30, 2006, Farrell had US$1,376,139 cash on hand to Shays' US$1,507,565, according to Open Secrets.OpenSecrets.org. Total Raised and Spent, 2006 RACE: CONNECTICUT DISTRICT 4. Retrieved October 9, 2006.
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Reverend Jacobs was installed in Royalston on December 13, 1770. His salary was $50 per year. He resigned in 1786. Sources say that he was pushed out because he had a difference of opinion with his congregation regarding the Shays Rebellion.
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Resistance activities related to Shays' Rebellion in the 1780s took place at the Hubbard house. These are the only major colonial-era historic properties in Shelburne; the meetinghouses from the period that were built in this area have not survived.
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He was then active in Massachusetts politics and military, leading militia that suppressed Shays' Rebellion in 1787, and served one term as lieutenant governor in 1788. He was for many years thereafter the federal collector at the Port of Boston.
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The 2006 Connecticut's 4th congressional district election was held on November 7 to elect the representative from the 4th district of Connecticut, which includes 17 towns in southwest Connecticut.Connecticut's Fourth District, Congressman Christopher Shays. Fourth District Links. Accessed October 8, 2006.
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13 Nov. 2011, par. 1. Daniel Shays, a former leader of the revolutionary militia, responded by leading an uprising in Western Massachusetts, closing the courts and preventing seizure of property."William Manning, ‘A Laborer,’ Explains Shay’s Rebellion in Massachusetts," par. 1.
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In this time local farmers and veterans of the war began to rebel after months of destitution and taxation they believed to be unfairly levied by the powers from Boston. Many were consigned to debtors' prison. Shepard, then a major general in the state militia, called to duty the Fourth Division of the Massachusetts militia in 1786 and defended the Springfield Armory during what became known as Shays' Rebellion (after one of its principal leaders, Daniel Shays), ordering defenders of the arsenal to fire cannons at attacking the rebels at "waist height" with cannons filled with anti-personnel grape shot.
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When the government of Massachusetts refused to enact similar relief legislation, rural farmers resorted to violence in Shays' Rebellion (1786–1787). This rebellion was led by a former Revolutionary War captain, Daniel Shays, a small farmer with tax debts, who had never received payment for his service in the Continental Army. The rebellion took months for Massachusetts to put down, and some desired a federal army that would be able to put down such insurrections. These and other issues greatly worried many of the Founders that the Union as it existed up to that point was in danger of breaking apart.
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Representatives are elected for two-year terms; the elected representative will serve in the 110th United States Congress from January 3, 2007 until January 3, 2009. The candidates were Christopher Shays, Republican, incumbent, member of the United States House of Representatives since 1987; Diane Farrell, Democrat, former Westport, Connecticut Selectwoman; and Phil Maymin, Libertarian, owner of a financial management firm and Justice of the Peace in Greenwich, CT. Richard Duffee, Green, ultimately withdrew his candidacy. Shays was ultimately re-elected by a margin of 6,645 votes. As of 2019, this is the most recent congressional election in Connecticut won by a Republican.
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While popular accounts of Shays' Rebellion emphasize impoverished, debt-ridden farmers desperately trying to stave off foreclosures, the issues that animated the discussions and informed the petitions crafted within the tavern were much more sophisticated. Many issues led to Shays' Rebellion, but two stand out as tavern fare. With the Revolutionary War won, states began the process of writing and ratifying their own constitutions. The wealthy eastern interests in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts maneuvered adroitly to concentrate political power in their own hands while spreading the burden of taxation as regressively as they could among the common folk.
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By the end of 1786 a farmer in western Massachusetts named Daniel Shays emerged as one of the ringleaders, and government attempts to squelch the protests only served to radicalize the protestors. In January 1787 Shays and Luke Day organized an attempt to take the federal Springfield Armory; state militia holding the armory beat back the attempt with cannon fire. A private militia raised by wealthy Boston merchants and led by General Benjamin Lincoln broke the back of the rebellion in early February at Petersham, but small-scale resistance continued in the western parts of the state for a while.
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Shepard first ordered warning shots fired over the heads of Shays' men, and then he ordered two cannons to fire grape shot. Four Shaysites were killed and 20 wounded. There was no musket fire from either side, and the rebel advance collapsed.Szatmary, p.
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The last Republican to represent the state in the House of Representatives was Chris Shays, a moderate who lost his seat in 2008. The last Republican to represent the state in the Senate was Lowell Weicker, who lost his seat in 1988 to Joe Lieberman.
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A debate sponsored by the Norwich Bulletin took place on April 19, 2012, with McMahon, Shays, Lumaj, Hill, and Westby in attendance. The debate was not televised. The first televised debate took place on April 22, 2012, sponsored by WFSB. All five candidates participated.
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Richards, p. 132 Delegate Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut argued that because the people could not be trusted (as exemplified by Shays' Rebellion), the members of the federal House of Representatives should be chosen by state legislatures, not by popular vote.Richards, p. 134 The example of Shays' Rebellion may also have been influential in the addition of language to the constitution concerning the ability of states to manage domestic violence, and their ability to demand the return of individuals from other states for trial.Szatmary, p. 130 The rebellion also played a role in the discussion of the number of chief executives the United States would have going forward.
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Shays received endorsements from the Connecticut Post (this is a reversal of its 2004 endorsement of Farrell"Chris Shays earns Post endorsement in 4th District race" Retrieved October 29, 2006), Esquire, Governor of Connecticut M. Jodi Rell, the National Association of Community Health Centers, League of Conservation Voters, Human Rights Campaign, Business and Professional Women, Women's Alliance for Israel, Republican Majority for Choice, National Federation of Independent Business, Connecticut Laborers' Political League, International Union of Painters and Allied Trades, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, the National Vietnam & Gulf War Veterans Coalition, and other veteran and union groups.Shays for Congress. Endorsements. Retrieved October 9, 2006.
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He was a key figure in the nation-defining 1786–87 farmers' revolt known as Shays' Rebellion, leading forces that shut down a state court in Concord. He was arrested in late 1786 on charges of treason, but was pardoned in 1787 by Governor John Hancock.
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Holbrook, pp. 217–219 The entire affair was more bluster than anything else, and was resolved amicably when Pennsylvania agreed to honor the Connecticut titles.Bellesiles, p. 251 Allen was also approached by Daniel Shays in 1786 for support in what became the Shays's Rebellion in western Massachusetts.
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Lima built four Shay locomotives in 1881, and 37 Shays in 1883. In 1884, Lima had a 34-page catalog, featuring five models of Shay Locomotives. From 1882 to 1892, Lima sold some 300 of the Shay locomotives. By the late 1890s, Shay Locomotives were shipped around the world.
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Their father, Steven Shay, is a U.S. Air Force officer stationed on a submarine and is often mentioned, but is only seen during the series' finale episode, "iGoodbye". Exterior shots of the Shays' apartment building, Bushwell Plaza, are digitally altered images of the Eastern Columbia Building in Los Angeles.
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Amory, pp. 111–114. In 1787 Sullivan participated in the defense of individuals charged in participation in Shays' Rebellion, an uprising in the rural parts of the state begun the previous year. This activity earned him criticism from stalwart pro-government members of the Massachusetts Bar.Warren, p. 188.
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The Washington Post. July 18, 2005. pg. B.02 Shays was also one of only four Republicans to vote against all four articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton. In April 2005, he broke with most of his party over House Majority Leader Tom DeLay's alleged ethics violations.
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During Shays' Rebellion (1786–87), Cushing ensured that court sessions continued, despite the aggressive protests of the armed rebels, and later presided over their trials. A year later, in 1788, he served as vice president of the Massachusetts convention, which narrowly ratified the United States Constitution.Michael Lariens, "William Cushing Biography" .
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The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts indicted 11 leaders of the rebellion as "disorderly, riotous, and seditious persons". The court was scheduled to meet next in Springfield, Massachusetts on September 26, and Shays organized an attempt to shut it down in Northampton, while Luke Day organized an attempt in Springfield.Holland, pp.
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Richards, pp. 38–41 They were also accused of a common-law crime, as both were looters. Shays was pardoned in 1788 and he returned to Massachusetts from hiding in the Vermont woods. He was vilified by the Boston press, who painted him as an archetypal anarchist opposed to the government.
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Conkey's Tavern was built in 1758 by William Conkey in Pelham, Massachusetts. It is particularly famous as the place where Daniel Shays met with his followers and plotted his famous rebellion against the Massachusetts Government in 1786/1787. The location of the tavern is now submerged under the Quabbin Reservoir.
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He was one of the few Republicans to oppose amending the Constitution to ban flag-burning. In 1999 he was one of 20 Republicans to vote against an ultimately failed bill to ban physician-assisted suicide. The Congressman has long been known for environmental regulations,Congressman Christopher Shays. On The Issues.
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Most of the leaders were captured, but later pardoned. This event took place during the time of Shays' Rebellion. New Hampshire's government was able to put down the rebellion without further incident or a prolonged engagement. It is one of the events which led to the Constitutional Convention a year later.
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Christopher Shays (R-Conn.), Walker held numerous meetings with White House and DHS officials but the U.S. declined to go forward with the project. In 2006, CNNMoney cited U.S. HomeGuard as the inspiration for a similar public- private partnership when Texas Gov. Rick Perry announced plans for a webcam- based "virtual border patrol".
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Technically, durability can be defined as the amount of use one gets from a product before it deteriorates. After so many hours of use, the filament of a light bulb burns up and the bulb must be replaced. Repair is impossible. Economists call such products "one- hoss shays" (Oliver Wendel Holmes poem).
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Shays' Rebellion confirmed for Washington the need to overhaul the Articles of Confederation. Before returning to private life in June 1783, Washington called for a strong union. Though he was concerned that he might be criticized for meddling in civil matters, he sent a circular letter to all the states maintaining that the Articles of Confederation was no more than "a rope of sand" linking the states. He believed the nation was on the verge of "anarchy and confusion", was vulnerable to foreign intervention and that a national constitution would unify the states under a strong central government. When Shays' Rebellion erupted in Massachusetts on August 29, 1786, over taxation, Washington was further convinced that a national constitution was needed.
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Shays' Rebellion: The making of an agrarian insurrection. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. He consulted on the Calliope production of the movie Shays' Rebellion, and more recently was featured in a History Channel program about the rebellion and its importance to the formation of the U.S. Constitution. From 1980 to 1984, Szatmary managed a chain of music stores in Washington and California, helping to grow the business from three stores in Washington to ten stores on the West Coast. Combining his history expertise with his experience in the music business, he wrote Rockin’ In Time: A Social History of Rock and Roll, published by Prentice-Hall, now in its eighth edition.Szatmary, D. P. (1987, 1991, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2014).
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Election Results. November, 2001. Retrieved October 9, 2006 Farrell's campaign website says she was elected to office on both occasions with the support not only of her fellow Democrats, but also a significant group of independents and Republicans. Farrell had previously run for Connecticut's 4th congressional district election in 2004 against Shays. She began her campaign in the spring of that year, raising over US$1.9 million, and spending US$517,789 to Shays' US$879,885.CapitalEye.org. Connecticut District 4. Retrieved October 9, 2006. She received 48% of the vote (51% in Westport), and lost by 5%.Election Results. CNN November, 2004. Retrieved October 9, 2006. Under Farrell's administration, according to a report in The Westport News, Westport had the highest tax rate in the state of Connecticut.
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Jim Himes defeated incumbent Christopher Shays, receiving slightly more than 51 percent of the vote. With Himes' victory, the Democrats now control all five of Connecticut's House seats, as well as all other House seats in New England. :Includes 9,130 votes from the Working Families Party line, which endorsed Himes on a fusion ticket.
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Puls (2008), p. 191 Although the plan was initially rejected, many of its details were eventually adopted in the formation and administration of the United States Army.Callahan (1958), p. 240 The need for an enhanced military role took on some urgency in 1786 when Shays' Rebellion broke out in Massachusetts, threatening the Springfield Armory.
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Connecticut's congressional districts since 2013 Connecticut is divided among five congressional districts from which citizens elect the state's representatives to the United States House of Representatives. After the 2008 elections, all five of Connecticut's representatives are Democrats. Christopher Shays, previously the only Republican in the state's congressional delegation, lost his re-election bid in 2008.
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102 Most of the rebel forces fled north, both Shays' men and Day's men, and they eventually regrouped at Amherst, Massachusetts.Szatmary, p. 103 General Lincoln immediately began marching west from Worcester with the 3,000 men that had been mustered. The rebels moved generally north and east to avoid him, eventually establishing a camp at Petersham, Massachusetts.
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79 This episode in New Hampshire's history highlighted the problems with the Articles of Confederation. It occurred at the same time as Shays' Rebellion, though it was put down quickly, and without bloodshed. Like the agrarian uprisings in Massachusetts and other states, it paved the way for the Constitutional Convention, and the Coinage Act of 1792.
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During Shays' Rebellion he was an aide to General William Shepard with the rank of major. In about 1781, Lyman married Jerusha Welles, of East Hartford, Connecticut; they had eight children. Jerusha died at age 43, on June 11, 1803. Lyman served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1787 and in the Massachusetts State Senate in 1789.
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Thompson was born in Boston in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, the son of Thomas and Isabella Thompson. The family moved to Newburyport, Massachusetts when Thompson was young. He attended Dummer Academy in Byfield, Massachusetts, and served as an aide to General Lincoln during Shays' Rebellion. Thompson graduated from Harvard University in 1786 and began studying for the ministry.
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Ralph Wheelock, the pioneer of American public education), also settled in Uxbridge, in the 18th Century. Lt. Simeon Wheelock, a Revolutionary War soldier, fought and died in Shays' Rebellion. His son Jerry, became one of the earliest textile pioneers in Uxbridge, and worked with Luke Taft. Luke and Nancy (Day) Taft had a son, Moses, who born in January 1812.
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He had been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 1987. In his tenth term in the 109th Congress, Shays served as Vice-Chairman of the House Committee on Government Reform. He was Chairperson of the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations,United States House Committee on Government Reform. National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations.
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William Munroe was a Captain in militia when he marched with a body of men towards Springfield during the Shays Rebellion in 1786. The Munroe family was visited by the first President of the United States, George Washington, in November 1789., Internet Archive Retrieved 2011-09-20 He was a selectman for nine years and represented his town for two years.
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Himes took office in the 111th United States Congress on January 6, 2009. He is the first Democrat to represent the district since Donald J. Irwin left office in 1969, and only the second since 1943. Shays was the sole Republican congressman from New England, and Himes's win made New England's House delegation entirely Democratic for the first time in history.
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Seth Pomeroy. On arrival, April 28, 1775, he was appointed Surgeon of Danielson's RegimentDavid Shepard served in Danielson's regiment along with two of his elder brothers: John, serving as Lieutenant in Capt. Parks' company, and William, serving as Lt. Col. of the regiment, and who would later play an important role in Shays' Rebellion and remained at the fortifications in Roxbury, Mass.
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In 1987, Shays won a special election to fill the vacant seat of the late Congressman Stewart McKinney. He represented the 4th congressional district (southwestern Connecticut) until losing to Jim Himes in 2008. During his 21 years in Congress, Christopher served on the Government Reform, Financial Services, Budget and Homeland Security committees and was the first congressman to enter Iraq after the war.
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He has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 1987. In his tenth term in the 109th Congress, Shays served as Vice-Chairman of the House Committee on Government Reform. He is Chairperson of the Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations,United States House Committee on Government Reform. National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations.
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Contemporary unflattering depiction of the leaders of Shays' Rebellion After the war Brooks returned to medical practice, taking over the office of Dr. Tufts in Medford.Greer, p. 142. He was the first member elected to the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company when it was revived after the Revolution in 1786.History of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts, 1637–1888.
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In 1787, he took part in the putting down of Shays' Rebellion. In 1788, he helped George Clinton in his fight against the United States Constitution. Willett was a delegate from New York City to the state convention where he and other anti- federalists were defeated. As late as 1790, he was still trying to repeal or amend the United States Constitution.
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The locomotive served Pickering's logging operations until 1958 when it was retired. The railroad operated four Shays at different times. Number 6 was by far the largest, the only three truck Shay of the lot and weighing more than twice as much as the others. It is in a small collection of railroad equipment owned by the National Park Service near El Portal, California.
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Swift, p. 321 In 1777, a major contingent of Hessian and British troops were captured at the Battle of Saratoga and transported to Boston (for possible deportation or imprisonment). While encamped in West Springfield, some of the German mercenaries stayed and married into the local population.Swift, p. 34-35 Economic conditions after the Revolution led to Shays' Rebellion in Springfield and West Springfield in 1786–87.
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Soon railroad operations consisted of quarry switching, main line hauling and yard switching with three Shays and a massive fleet of over 40 flat cars. There was also a quarry-village railroad connection that allowed quarry workers living in the village to commute to work. Monday through Saturday the train left Hardwick at 6:15 a.m. and returned from the quarries at 5 p.m.
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Born in Milwaukee, Szatmary earned a baccalaureate degree from Marquette University and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in American history from Rutgers University. In 1979–80, he taught in the History Department at the University of Arizona as an assistant professor. Based upon his academic work, he published Shays' Rebellion: The Making of an Agrarian Insurrection (University of Massachusetts, 1980), which remains in print.Szatmary, D. P. (1980).
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A riot act was passed by the Massachusetts state legislature in 1786 during Shays' Rebellion. At the federal level, the principle of the Riot Act was incorporated into the first Militia Act (1 Stat. 264) of 8 May 1792. The act's long title was "An act to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions".
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During the winter of 2006, Meyer appeared in Congressional testimony with Mr. Thomas F. Gimble, Acting Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Defense, and Ms. Jane Deese, Director of Military Reprisal Investigations before the U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Government Reform, Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations."National Security Whistleblower Protection ." The hearing was called by Congressman Chris Shays (R-CT).
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The revolt immediately collapsed without violence.George E. Connor, "The politics of insurrection: A comparative analysis of the Shays', Whiskey, and Fries' Rebellions," Social Science Journal, 1992, Vol. 29 Issue 3, pp 259-81 Foreign policy unexpectedly took center stage starting in 1793, when revolutionary France became engulfed in war with the rest of Europe, an event that was to lead to 22 years of fighting.
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"McMahon Enters Conn. Senate Race", NPR; retrieved September 20, 2011. On May 18, 2012, McMahon earned the endorsement of the state Republican Party at the Connecticut State Republican Convention by a delegate vote of 658 to 351 over the next-highest candidate, former congressman Chris Shays. The two were the only candidates to qualify for the primary, which took place on August 14, 2012.
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Simeon died in September 1786 at the age of 45 when his horse slipped on the ice while engaged in the suppression of Shays' Rebellion in Springfield. His mother, who raised him primarily by herself, became his principal teacher, although Uxbridge had a basic school since 1732. At an early age Jerry was "put out to learn a trade" as a maker of tubs, and pails.
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During the 1780s, the nation was a loose confederation of 13 states and was beset with a wide array of foreign and domestic problems. The states engaged in small scale trade wars against each other, and they had difficulty suppressing insurrections such as Shays Rebellion in Massachusetts. The treasury was empty and there was no way to pay the war debts. There was no national executive authority.
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In 1785 a regiment of cavalry was ordered to be raised in Worcester County, Massachusetts. Of this regiment he was commissioned its first colonel, an office which he held until his resignation in 1791. During the outbreak known as "Shays' Rebellion," in western Massachusetts, he rendered prompt and efficient service in its suppression, under Gen. Benjamin Lincoln, in the winter of 1786-1787. Col.
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Lt. Simeon Wheelock House, built circa 1765, Now Deborah Wheelock Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, Uxbridge, Massachusetts Simeon Wheelock (March 29, 1741– September 30, 1786) was a blacksmith from Uxbridge, Massachusetts, who served as a minuteman in the Massachusetts militia during the battles of Lexington and Concord in the American Revolutionary War. After the war he was killed while on militia duty protecting the Springfield Armory during Shays' Rebellion.
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Because of the few representatives in attendance, their authority was limited. It is unclear how much weight the convention's call carried, but the urgency of the need for constitutional reform was highlighted by a number of rebellions that took place all over the country. Although most of them were easily suppressed, Shays' Rebellion lasted from August 1786 to February 1787. The rebellion called attention to both popular discontent and government weakness.
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The Leonora and Mt. Sicker Railway was a mine narrow-gauge railway which hauled copper ore from Mount Sicker to tidewater at Crofton on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It operated from 1903 to 1908. There is at least one good general history of the railway.See White, Elwood and Wilkie, David, "Shays on the Switchbacks: A History of the Narrow Gauge Lenora, Mt. Sicker Railway" (1973, British Columbia Railway Historical Association).
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This monument marks the spot of the final battle of Shays' Rebellion in Sheffield, Massachusetts. Lincoln's march marked the end of large-scale organized resistance. Ringleaders who eluded capture fled to neighboring states, and pockets of local resistance continued. Some rebel leaders approached Lord Dorchester for assistance, the British governor of the Province of Quebec who reportedly promised assistance in the form of Mohawk warriors led by Joseph Brant.
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Shays Street, Pomeroy Lane and Middle Street terminate into South East Street at the southwest side of the common. This triangular area is further cut by cross roads into a total of five different areas. The common itself is a grassy area unadorned by monuments and dotted with trees. Facing the common are primarily residences of 19th-century wood-frame construction, with a few instances of 18th and 20th-century buildings.
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Szatmary, p. 92Zinn, p. 93 By January 1787 the protests, which began as demands for reform, had grown to become a direct attack on the "tyrannical government of Massachusetts".Szatmary, p. 97 Hampshire County in particular (which then included what are now Hampden and Franklin Counties) had become a hotbed of rebellion, with leaders like Daniel Shays and Luke Day beginning to organize for an attack on government institutions.
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Farrell announced that she would challenge 17-year incumbent Republican Christopher Shays for the representation of Connecticut's fourth congressional district. She lost the seat by about four percent. However, she was widely regarded as having made considerable progress, as she won towns beside traditionally Democratic blue-collar Bridgeport. She won her home town of Westport, as well as Stamford and Norwalk, but was narrowly defeated in several others.
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Ruffini grew up in France, Italy, and Greenwich, Connecticut, and graduated high school in 1996 from Greenwich High School.Lightman, David (March 24, 1993). Constituents Cool To Clinton's Budget, Hartford Courant (report on 14-year-old Ruffini speaking at town hall in Greenwich for Congressman Chris Shays, criticizing the British health care system) He is a 2000 graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, and currently resides in the Washington, D.C. suburbs.
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Main sites were Kelley's Island (1886-1940) and nearby Marblehead, Ohio (1890s-1955). In 1922, KIL&T; built the world's largest stone crushing plant at Marblehead. It also owned many lime kilns and produced lime products. The company operated gauge Shay steam locomotives to move raw stone around its quarries until World War II. KIL&T; purchased 65 new Shays from the Lima Locomotive Works (Lima, Ohio) over the years.
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Secretary of War Henry Knox denied the request on the grounds that it required Congressional approval and that Congress was out of session; however, Shepard used the Arsenal's weapons anyway. When Shays, Parsons, and their forces neared the Arsenal, they found Shepard's militia waiting for them – and they were baffled by the location of Luke Day's army. Shepard ordered a warning shot. Two cannons were fired directly into Shays's men.
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Shays, widely regarded as a social moderate, fended off strong challenges from Westport Selectman Diane Farrell in 2004 and 2006, before local demographic shifts and a national mood favoring Democratic candidates resulted in his narrow defeat. Potential Republican candidates include Lieutenant Governor Michael Fedele from Stamford, State Senator (and son of the former Congressman) John P. McKinney of Southport, and state House Minority Leader Lawrence Cafero of Norwalk.
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Men just dragged from the tender Scenes of domestic life; > unaccustomed to the din of Arms; totally unacquainted with every kind of > military skill, which being followed by a want of confidence in themselves, > when opposed to Troops regularly trained, disciplined, and appointed, > superior in knowledge and superior in Arms, makes them timid, and ready to > fly from their own shadows ... if I was called upon to declare upon Oath, > whether the Militia have been most serviceable or hurtful upon the whole, I > should subscribe to the latter.Weatherup, Roy G.: Standing Armies and the > Armed Citizens: An Historical Analysis of the Second Amendment. Hastings > Constitutional Law Quarterly (Fall 1975), 973 In Shays' Rebellion, a Massachusetts militia that had been raised as a private army defeated the main Shays site force on February 3, 1787. There was a lack of an institutional response to the uprising, which energized calls to reevaluate the Articles of Confederation and gave strong impetus to the Constitutional Convention which began in May 1787.
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The Connecticut WFP helped elect congressman Jim Himes, defeating long-term Republican congressman Chris Shays. The WFP endorsed Barack Obama for U.S. President on all their state lines. ;2009 The WFP endorsed several candidates for local offices, Bill Thompson for New York City mayor, Bill de Blasio for Public Advocate, and Corey Ellis for Albany mayor. Ellis did very well in the Albany mayoral election, 2009, coming in second ahead of the Republican candidate.
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The primary issue in this race was the ongoing ratification of the United States Constitution by a separate ratifying convention; the reaction divided the state (and nation) between Federalists and Anti-Federalists, though the factions did not appear as strictly formal political parties until 1789. The elections were also held during the midst of Shays' Rebellion, an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts against the national government, formed in opposition to the ongoing debt crisis.
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Eli Parsons (29 January 1748, Springfield – 26 or 30 September 1830, Oswego) was a leading contributor to Shays' Rebellion in the developing climate of revolutionary America. One of his main contributions to the rebellion was through his letters to other members of the anti-authoritarian movement, rallying them to the cause. One such letter was captured, in part leading to his arrest and prosecution as a criminal accused of conspiracy and other charges.
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This bill was itself filed with a discharge petition. The Balanced Budget Amendment received 218 signatures twice, in 1992 and 1993; however, it did not pass the Senate. In 2002, the discharge petition was successfully used to pass the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, known as McCain–Feingold in the Senate and Shays–Meehan in the House. Starting in 1997, several attempts were made to bring it to the floor via the discharge petition.
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At the age of 29, Shays was first elected to the Connecticut House where he served from 1975 to 1987. He served simultaneously as the ranking member of both the Appropriations Committee and the Committee on Finance, Revenue, and Bonding. He also served as a member of the Judiciary Committee. He served six days in jail on a contempt charge when he was a member of the Connecticut Legislature protesting judicial corruption.
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Farrell criticized Shays for making this claim, saying, "This is symptomatic of Chris losing his composure in a tight race." A spokeswoman for Kennedy said, "This just makes clear the real need for change in November. Beyond that, I'm not going to dignify such a desperate attack with a response." The Libertarian standing between them during the debate was finally asked to jump in if he had anything to say about the Foley affair.
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Built atop a high bluff overlooking the Connecticut River, Washington and Knox agreed that Springfield provided an ideal location—beside a great river and at the confluence of major rivers and highways. For the following 200 years, the Springfield Armory would bring concentrated prosperity and innovation to Springfield and its surrounding towns. After the American Revolution, a rebellion led by Daniel Shays culminated in a battle at the National Armory in Springfield.
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Gerry played a major role in the Constitutional Convention, held in Philadelphia during the summer of 1787.Billias, p. 158 In its deliberations, he consistently advocated for a strong delineation between state and federal government powers, with state legislatures shaping the membership of federal government positions. Gerry's opposition to popular election of representatives was rooted in part by the events of Shays' Rebellion, a populist uprising in western Massachusetts in the year preceding the convention.
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The Academy was envisioned in 2006 by Chris Myers Asch and Shawn Raymond. The Public Service Academy Act was first introduced in March 2007 by Hillary Clinton and Arlen Specter in the Senate and James Moran and Christopher Shays in the House of Representatives. In the 110th Congress, the bill had 24 Senate co-sponsors and 123 House co-sponsors. The bill was reintroduced unsuccessfully in the 111th Congress as House Bill 2102.
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The color consisted of a sunburst star and the motto Monstrat Viam. The sunburst star was designed as a variation of the insignia of the Coldstream Guards of the British Army, and, with the motto, has been worn on the uniforms, accouterments, drums and colors of the Cadets to the present day. Within days of reorganization, the Cadets mobilized for state service during Shays' Rebellion. The Cadets marched to Groton to assist the sheriff in enforcing state law.
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The first of these circumstances was Shays' Rebellion. The uprising was triggered by veterans of the American Revolutionary War who were losing their farms to unscrupulous lenders and regressive Massachusetts taxes that heavily burdened small farmers to repay the war debt from the very war they fought in. Individuals unable to pay were often thrown into debtors' prisons. The various local militias that comprised Shay's "Regulators" went from town to town, shutting down Debtor's Courts and tax collection.
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Diana Charlton Muldaur (born August 19, 1938) is an American film and television actress. Muldaur's television roles include Rosalind Shays on L.A. Law and Dr. Katherine Pulaski in the second season of Star Trek: The Next Generation. She also appeared in two episodes of Star Trek: The Original Series in the late 1960s, playing two different roles. She has been nominated for an Emmy two times: twice as a supporting actress on L.A. Law in 1990 and 1991.
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A 19th-century carriage barn stands to the rear of the house. Built about 1797, the house is one of the oldest in Hampden. It was built, probably by a New Hampshire carpenter, for Martin Kinsley, who moved to the area from Hardwick, Massachusetts in that year. Kinsley, a Harvard-educated lawyer, had sympathized with the rebels in the 1786 Shays' Rebellion, and apparently moved after being caught up in one of several land speculation scandals in Georgia.
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In 1786 Gore became concerned about a rise in anti-lawyer sentiment in Massachusetts. Grievances over harsh policies pursued by Governor James Bowdoin blossomed into Shays' Rebellion, which required militia action to crush in 1787. Gore was one of several high-profile lawyers assigned to defend participants in the rebellion (included in this group were Theodore Sedgwick, Caleb Strong, James Sullivan, Levi Lincoln Sr., and Thomas Dawes). Although many rebels were ultimately convicted, a large number received amnesty.
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He was appointed head of the state militia and marched to West Springfield, Massachusetts to help deal with the civil strife and tumult of Shays' Rebellion, but by the time he had arrived, Massachusetts authorities were already in control of the situation.Molloy, p. 16 In 1787 his mother died on July 27 and his father on September 2. At Washington's invitation, Humphreys stayed at Mount Vernon during the 1780s, acting as the general's private secretary and managing his correspondence.
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In January 1787, Shays and the "Regulators" as they were then called, tried to seize the Arsenal at Springfield. The Arsenal at Springfield was not yet an Armory; however, it contained brass ordnance, howitzers, traveling carriages, muskets, swords, various military stores and implements, and many kinds of ammunition. If the Regulators had captured the Arsenal at Springfield, they would have had far more firepower than their adversaries, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, led by former U.S. General Benjamin Lincoln.
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The remaining Shays, with the exception of #4, were scrapped in 1953. Engine #4 was displayed at the El Dorado County Fairgrounds for several years and is now in the process of being restored by the El Dorado Western Railway Foundation. The railroad operated between Diamond Springs, California (located near Placerville) and went east along the North Fork of the Cosumnes River and then to Caldor. The railroad was a subsidiary of the California Door Company of Oakland.
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Plymouth was founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims, passengers of the Mayflower. In 1692, the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America's most infamous cases of mass hysteria, the Salem witch trials. In 1777, General Henry Knox founded the Springfield Armory, which during the Industrial Revolution catalyzed numerous important technological advances, including interchangeable parts. In 1786, Shays' Rebellion, a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans, influenced the United States Constitutional Convention.
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Colonel Ephraim Williams was an officer in the Massachusetts militia and a member of a prominent landowning family. His will included a bequest to support and maintain a free school to be established in the town of West Hoosac, Massachusetts, provided the town change its name to Williamstown. Williams was killed at the Battle of Lake George on September 8, 1755. After Shays' Rebellion, the Williamstown Free School opened with 15 students on October 26, 1791.
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Connecticut paid nothing and "positively refused" to pay U.S. assessments for two years. A rumor had it that a "seditious party" of New York legislators had opened a conversation with the Viceroy of Canada. To the south, the British were said to be openly funding Creek Indian raids on Georgia, and the state was under martial law. Additionally, during Shays' Rebellion (August 1786June 1787) in Massachusetts, Congress could provide no money to support an endangered constituent state.
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Rhythm & blues migrating up from Detroit and Chicago was the music of choice on the strip, and Arkansas rockabilly pioneer Ronnie Hawkins recognized the formidable talent of the young 'Sonny' Thomas and took him under his wing. It wasn't long before he was fronting his own bands. The first was called "David Clayton Thomas and The Fabulous Shays". By this time, he had changed his surname to put some distance between his new life and his troubled teenage years.
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He appeared in an episode of the 1976 CBS television series Sara. The scene in which his L.A. Law character, Leland McKenzie, who was the patriarchal and stiff founder of a successful law practice, was revealed to be in bed with competitor Rosalind Shays (Diana Muldaur) was ranked as the 38th greatest moment in television in an issue of Egg magazine. He earned one Emmy Award, and three more nominations, for his role on L.A. Law.
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There were also numerous narrow-gauge logging railroads in Pennsylvania and West Virginia who operated mostly with geared locomotives such as Shays, Climaxes, and Heislers. Many narrow-gauge lines were private carriers serving particular industries. One major industry that made extensive use of gauge railroads was the logging industry, especially in the West. Although most of these lines closed by the 1950s, one notable later survivor was West Side Lumber Company railway which continued using gauge geared steam locomotives until 1968.
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The Federal Square Historic District is a historic district encompassing a portion of the former Springfield Armory in Springfield, Massachusetts. Located across Federal Street from the main Armory grounds, Federal Square was the site of some of armory's early facilities, including a Continental Army magazine during the American Revolutionary War. It was also the site of a brief clash in Shays' Rebellion, in which four rebels were killed. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.
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Burbeck was honorably discharged from the Continental Army in January 1784. In October 1786 he was re-commissioned as captain of a company of artillery, one of four in a battalion commanded by Major John Doughty, and commanded the post at West Point, New York, from 1787 to 1789. In 1787, he was ordered by General Knox to Springfield, Massachusetts, to protect the arsenal there is the aftermath of Shays' Rebellion. His wife Abigail died in June 1790 in Bath, Maine.
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In the 2008 elections, District 4 changed from Republican to Democratic, so Connecticut's congressional delegation to the 111th Congress consists of five Democrats, Giving Connecticut an all democratic congressional delegation for the 1st time since 1967. Christopher Shays, the Republican incumbent in District 4, had been the last remaining Republican representative in New England. Prior to the election, CQ Politics forecasted districts 2, 4 and 5 to be at some risk for the incumbent party. The Primary election was held August 12th.
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The Elakala Falls are a series of four waterfalls of Shays Run as it descends into the Blackwater Canyon in West Virginia. They are within Blackwater Falls State Park and are quite popular among photographers, with the ease of access for the first waterfall, and the relatively low traffic of the other waterfalls in the series. The first of the series of waterfalls is in height and is easily accessible from park trails. It is the second most popular waterfall in the park.
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This section of US 202 has been dubbed the Daniel Shays Highway, named for a Revolutionary War veteran who led an insurrection against the state government of Massachusetts. US 202 meets Massachusetts Route 2 at Orange, and runs along the two-lane freeway to Phillipston. There, it diverges to the north again as a two-lane road. In Massachusetts, US 202 passes through the municipalities of Southwick, Westfield, Holyoke, South Hadley, Granby, Belchertown, Pelham, Shutesbury, New Salem, Orange, Athol, Phillipston, Templeton, and Winchendon.
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Jonas' sons, Park and Luther Holland, were American Revolutionary War veterans and active participants in the 1786 rural uprising known as Shays' Rebellion, and it is believed that some of the rebels were sheltered here. In 1816 the property was sold out of the Holland family; it was purchased by Dwight Towne in 1877. The house property is the subject of a preservation easement held by Historic New England (formerly known as the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities).
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The news he received of tumult at home, such as Shays' Rebellion, heightened his anxiety. He then asked Jay to be relieved; in 1788, he took his leave of George III, who engaged Adams in polite and formal conversation, promising to uphold his end of the treaty once America did the same. Adams then went to The Hague to take formal leave of his ambassadorship there and to secure refinancing from the Dutch, allowing the United States to meet obligations on earlier loans.
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The Massachusetts Centinel reported a section of his speech: Representative Jonathan Smith of Lanesborough responded. He cited Shays' Rebellion as justifying the need for a more centralized government, and said that the writers of the Constitution could be trusted. The Centinel quoted: Although Singletary was not the only delegate to voice opposition, Massachusetts ratified the Constitution on February 7, 1788, with a 187–168 vote. Sutton annals write that several town members—along with other parts of the state—celebrated its ratification.
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Charlotte (born 1793) and Appolonia (born 1794) were the last members of this branch of the Ingersoll family to be born in Massachusetts. Thomas helped suppress Shays' Rebellion in 1786, which earned him the rank of major. In the years following, he witnessed and was offended by the continuing persecution of Loyalists in Massachusetts. He realized that in the depressed economic conditions that followed the Revolutionary War, and with his own deep debts, he was unlikely to see his former prosperity again.
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After his retirement from the army he served the town as town clerk, selectman, representative to the General Court for three years, and was an acting magistrate for the remainder of his life. When Shay's rebellion broke out, he hastened to Concord, and assisted in protecting the courts of justice and of preserving law and order. Prescott served in the Massachusetts General Court in later years. He also served in the militia called out in 1786 to suppress Shays' Rebellion.
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The Clean Water Protection Act () was a bill introduced in the 111th United States Congress via the House of Representatives Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment, of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. It proposed to redefine "fill material" to not include mining "waste" under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. It was introduced by Frank Pallone and Chris Shays in the 110th Congress, and almost identical bills had been introduced in previous years. As of July 2009, H.R.1310 had 154 co-sponsors.
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Who it is named for is uncertain: one early Eastport historian states that John and James are both likely candidates, preferring John for his association with General Henry Dearborn, who ordered the fort's construction.Kilby, pp. 153–154. Sullivan and his first wife Hettie had nine children, two of whom died young, and one son who died in 1787 due to the hardships of militia service during Shays' Rebellion. Hettie died in 1786, and he afterward married Martha Langdon, the widowed sister of New Hampshire politician John Langdon.
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A motion to dismiss filed by Joseph was denied, and as of July 2020, no trial date has been set. Federal prosecutions of state judges in the United States are extremely rare. This is the first prosecution of a sitting Massachusetts judge since 1787, when a judge was prosecuted for helping rebels in Shays' Rebellion. The case comes amid escalating tensions between the Trump administration and so-called "sanctuary cities" such as Newton, where local officials have openly refused to enforce the administration's immigration policies.
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This was largely because Obama carried the district with a staggering 60% of the vote—one of his best performances in a Republican-held district. Shays' defeat meant that for the first time in almost 150 years, there were no Republican Representatives from New England. In no other part of the country is a major political party completely shut out. At the same time at the state level, Democrats picked up 6 seats in the Connecticut House of Representatives and 1 seat in the Connecticut Senate.
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87–88 These actions, which were combined with a general post-war economic depression and a credit squeeze caused by a shortage of hard currency, wrought havoc throughout the rural parts of the state. Conventions organized in the rural parts of the state submitted letters of protest to the state legislature, which was dominated by Bowdoin and the conservative wholesale merchants of the coastal portions of the state.Szatmary, pp. 38–42,45 This contemporary woodcut depicts two of the rebel leaders, Daniel Shays and Job Shattuck.
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The Fries Rebellion (), also called Fries' Rebellion, the House Tax Rebellion, the Home Tax Rebellion and, in Deitsch, the Heesses-Wasser Uffschtand, was an armed tax revolt among Pennsylvania Dutch farmers between 1799 and 1800. It was the third of three tax-related rebellions in the 18th century United States, the earlier two being Shays' Rebellion (central and western Massachusetts, 1786–87) and the Whiskey Rebellion (western Pennsylvania, 1794). It was commemorated in 2003 with a Pennsylvania historical marker erected in Quakertown, Pennsylvania, where it first erupted.
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He commanded the division under Major General Benjamin Lincoln when the Massachusetts Militia put down Shays' Rebellion in 1787. That same year, he was elected to a one-year term as captain of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. He was elected to the state convention that ratified the United States Constitution in 1788. In 1792 Secretary at War Henry Knox offered Brooks a position as brigadier general in the Legion of the United States, a reorganization of the United States Army headed by General Anthony Wayne.
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By the 1780s the Arsenal was the United States' largest ammunition and weapons depot, which made it the logical focal point for Shays' Rebellion (see below). On the recommendations of then U.S. President George Washington, Congress formally established the Springfield Armory in 1794. In 1795, the Springfield Armory produced the first American- made musket, and during that year, produced 245 muskets. Until its closing in 1968, the Armory developed and produced a majority of the arms that served American soldiers in the nation's successful wars.
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A lower, eastern ridge known as Rattlesnake Knob, , also offers ledgetop views. The Horse Caves, believed to have been used as a bivouac by rebels during Shays' Rebellion, are a series of sedimentary rock overhangs located beneath the summit of Norwottuck. Most of Mount Norwottuck has been conserved as part of the Mount Holyoke Range State Park; local conservations commissions and private land holders own the remaining acreage. From Mount Norwottuck, the ridgeline of the Holyoke Range continues east as Long Mountain and west as Bare Mountain.
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207–08 Strong pro-Constitution forces attacked him in the press, comparing him unfavorably to the Shaysites. Henry Jackson was particularly vicious: "[Gerry has] done more injury to this country by that infamous Letter than he will be able to make atonement in his whole life", and Oliver Ellsworth, a convention delegate from Connecticut, charged him with deliberately courting the Shays faction.Billias, p. 212 One consequence of the furor over his letter was that he was not selected as a delegate to the Massachusetts ratifying conventionBillias, p.
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With one exception (Louisiana's 2nd district), the only seats to switch from Democratic to Republican had been Republican-held prior to the 2006 elections. Republicans gained five Democratic seats total, while losing 26 of their own, giving the Democrats a net gain of 21 seats, effectively erasing all gains made by the GOP since 1994. In addition, with the defeat of Republican congressman Chris Shays in Connecticut's 4th district, this became the first time since the 1850s that no Republican represented the New England region.
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Shortly after marrying, the couple moved to Hillsdale, New York and opened a general store. The store was burnt by an angry mob during Shays' Rebellion, so the couple moved to New York City sometime around 1789. Penfield became owner of a "lucrative commission business" and began making speculative land purchases of tracts in present-day Wayne County, New York in 1790 and present-day Perinton, New York in 1792. Penfield bought his first parcel in the present-day town of Penfield on February 4, 1795.
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Over the next few years, Roger greatly increased his land holdings and prospered in the local farming and business communities. In 1779 he married Mary Hartwell from Lincoln and in 1783 their son, John, was born. Roger returned to military duty in 1786 as captain of a company charged with the duty of suppressing "Shays' Rebellion" that followed the revolution and was discharged from his successful campaign as colonel. He was a prominent citizen of Concord, elected as Selectman in 1796 while continuing to farm.
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Benjamin Tupper (March 11, 1738 – June 7, 1792) was a soldier in the French and Indian War, and an officer of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, achieving the rank of brevet brigadier general. Subsequently, he served as a Massachusetts legislator, and he assisted Gen. William Shepard in stopping Shays' Rebellion. Benjamin Tupper was a co-founder of the Ohio Company of Associates, and was a pioneer to the Ohio Country, involved in establishing Marietta, Ohio as the first permanent settlement in the Northwest Territory.
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He was a Captain of troops engaged in suppressing Shays' Rebellion, and afterward was Colonel of a regiment. The first eleven years of her life were spent within sight of Saddleback Mountain. As a child she was quiet and diffident, not mingling freely with her schoolmates, and with a deep reverence for religious things. After her father's death, which occurred when she was eleven years of age, the problem which confronted her mother was to gain a livelihood for herself and six children, Seraph being the third.
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Nationalists worried that the new nation was too fragile to withstand an international war, or even internal revolts such as the Shays' Rebellion of 1786 in Massachusetts.Jack P. Greene, and J. R. Pole, eds. A Companion to the American Revolution (2004) Nationalists – most of them war veterans – organized in every state and convinced Congress to call the Philadelphia Convention in 1787. The delegates from every state wrote a new Constitution that created a much more powerful and efficient central government, one with a strong president, and powers of taxation.
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He led efforts to crack down on illegal drugs, particularly methamphetamine. Hutchinson also served as one of the managers (prosecutors) during the impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton in 1998. In 1999, Hutchinson was involved in the effort to reform campaign finance laws and offered an alternative proposal to the bill by Christopher Shays and Marty Meehan, which he opposed on the grounds that it "went too far" because it attempted to ban television commercials by legal third-party organizations. Hutchinson did support the bill by John McCain and Russ Feingold in the Senate.
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The delegates called for a second convention to take place in 1787 in Philadelphia to consider constitutional reform. In the months after the Annapolis Convention, reformers took steps to ensure better turnout at the next convention. They secured the blessing of Congress to consider constitutional reform and made sure to invite Washington, the most prominent national leader. The nationalist call for a constitutional convention was bolstered by the outbreak of Shays' Rebellion, which convinced many of the need for a national government powerful enough to help suppress uprisings.
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First published September 6, 1786—with a news item about Shays' Rebellion—the Gazette is one of oldest newspapers in the country, and had been owned by the DeRose family since 1929 before being sold for an undisclosed amount of money in 2005. The paper was sold to Newspapers of New England, said then-publisher and co-owner Peter L. DeRose, because there were no younger members of the family willing to take over the business.Contrada, Fred. "'Hamp Gazette Sale Set." The Republican (Springfield, Mass.), September 28, 2005.
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Stephen Higginson Stephen Higginson (November 28, 1743November 28, 1828) was an American merchant and shipmaster from Boston, Massachusetts. He was a delegate for Massachusetts to the Continental Congress in 1783. He took an active part in suppressing Shays' Rebellion, was the author of the Laco letters (1789), and served the United States government as navy agent from May 11 to June 22, 1798. Although he was a privateer during the American Revolutionary War he became a "blue light", extreme-Federalist during the War of 1812 and was one of the members of the Essex Junto.
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In September 1780 he played a minor role in events surrounding the flight of traitor Benedict Arnold: he treated Arnold's wife Peggy, who was seemingly hysterical over the sudden departure of her husband and the discovery of his plot.Pilcher, p. 107 After the war Eustis returned to medical practice in Boston. He was once again called on to serve in military matters when Shays' Rebellion broke out in western Massachusetts in 1786, becoming surgeon to the militia force raised by General Benjamin Lincoln that quashed the rebellion in the early months of 1787.
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As described by Greg Quill, "...(the Stratocaster sound) spoke to Fred Keeler, one of Toronto's most innovative guitarists during Hogtown's R&B; glory days in the early '60s, when Robbie Robertson was the reigning local guitar slinger, and Keeler tagged his every lick, backing David Clayton-Thomas in The Shays." See How an underdog guitar, the Fender Stratocaster, became the soul of rock 'n' roll . Toronto Star, April 10, 2004, as reproduced at www.dannym.com. and Terry BlershFormerly with Michael Pickett and Wooden Teeth; later as solo artist and band leader.
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Due to the large debts of Massachusetts, incurred from the Revolutionary War, Bowdoin ran on a platform of fiscal responsibility. During his two years in office the combination of poor economic conditions and his harsh fiscal policy laid down by his government led to the uprising known as Shays' Rebellion. Bowdoin personally funded militia forces that were instrumental in putting down the uprising. His high-handed treatment of the rebels may have contributed to his loss of the 1787 election, in which the populist Hancock was returned to office.
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In 1777 he was part of the relief force for the Siege of Fort Stanwix, and led a successful assault against British positions in the key Second Battle of Saratoga. He played a significant role in the 1783 Newburgh Conspiracy, in which he helped quash ideas of mutiny in the Continental Army. After the war he returned to medical practice, but continued to be active in the state militia, helping to put down Shays' Rebellion in 1787. He served in the militia during the War of 1812, after which he was elected governor.
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Retrieved August 3, 2012. In 2006, he presented the Walter Cronkite Faith and Freedom Award to actor and activist George Clooney on behalf of his organization at its annual dinner in New York. Cronkite was a vocal advocate for free airtime for political candidates. He worked with the Alliance for Better Campaigns and Common Cause, for instance, on an unsuccessful lobbying effort to have an amendment added to the McCain- Feingold-Shays-Meehan Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2001 that would have required TV broadcast companies to provide free airtime to candidates.
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In 1786–87, Shays' Rebellion, an uprising of dissidents in western Massachusetts against the state court system, threatened the stability of state government. The Continental Congress printed paper money which was so depreciated that it ceased to pass as currency, spawning the expression "not worth a continental". Congress could not levy taxes and could only make requisitions upon the States. Less than a million and a half dollars came into the treasury between 1781 and 1784, although the governors had been asked for two million in 1783 alone.
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Day sent a note postponing the attack to both Shays and Parsons; however, it never reached them. On January 25, 1787, Shays's and Parson's armies approached the Arsenal at Springfield expecting Day's army to back them up. General William Shepard's Massachusetts militia – which had been withered by defections to the Regulators – was already inside the Arsenal. General Shepard had requested permission from U.S. Secretary of Defense Henry Knox to use the weaponry in the Arsenal, because technically its firepower belonged to the United States, and not the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
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The 1785 election for governor was highly political and divisive; Cushing was portrayed by his opponents (principally Bowdoin and his supporters) as little more than a creature of Hancock who would do Hancock's bidding. The election was again undecided by the electorate; Bowdoin prevailed in the General Court's decision-making, and Cushing again won the lieutenant governor's office.Hall, pp. 136–138 Bowdoin served two terms, which were dominated by Shays' Rebellion, an uprising caused in part by Bowdoin's harsh fiscal policies and poor economic conditions in the rural parts of the state.
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Defenders of Wildlife Action Fund gave him a 13% rating. In his position statement on Economic Development, he said "Our [Montana's] coal and natural gas reserves stretch for hundreds of years into the future, and we can turn them into much needed energy." Dennis Rehberg states opposition to the Shays-Meehan bill from 1998, of which he says it "stripped freedom of speech rights from Montana citizens." Aside from the bill, he makes a point to say he supports full and open disclosure laws for campaign finance reform.
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In 1987, Hawkings married Elisabeth (Betsy) Wright, who later spent two decades as chief of staff to Representative Christopher Shays of Connecticut, and three other Republican members of Congress. She was from 2015-19 the founding director of the governance program at the Democracy Fund, a bipartisan foundation established by eBay founder and philanthropist Pierre Omidyar to improve the political system. She is now an advisor to non-profits, donors, activists and elected officials seeking to promote a healthier democracy. Their sons are Harry (born 1992) and Charlie (born 1998).
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Colonial America was observant of the militia insurrection in response to the progressive debt collection and tax rulings charged by the Federalist taxation plan. Shays' Rebellion and Whiskey Rebellion were notable uprisings where American colonists express their sentiments concerning the public debt reconciliation plan while the newly formed government fulfilled the demands of Funding Act of 1790 during the late 18th century. The colonial protests were necessitated by the enforcement of the Federalist taxation plan as submitted by Alexander Hamilton on January 14, 1790 better known as the First Report on the Public Credit.
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Guard Dog (2004) was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. In 2005, Plympton animated a music video for Kanye West's "Heard 'Em Say" and the following year, he created the music video for "Weird Al" Yankovic's "Don't Download This Song". Plympton contributed animation to the 2006 History Channel series 10 Days That Unexpectedly Changed America, to illustrate the events of Shays' Rebellion. Together with other independent New York City animators, he has released two DVDs of animated shorts, both titled Avoid Eye Contact.
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Morison and Manning 222-23; Newton pars. 10-11. Though the identification and tensions of the Few and the Many were Manning’s main points in the text, he also dedicated time to explaining key events leading to the need of such explanations. One of the events was Shays’ Rebellion, or "On the Shais Affair in Maschusets" as noted in the text.Morison and Manning 242-243. Cycles of depression and indulgence followed the Revolutionary War, only to be exacerbated by Massachusetts’ regulation of money and debt while British creditors called in their debts from the war.
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Many residents of western Massachusetts resented the influence of Boston elites over the state legislature, which they felt was taxing the Western region too heavily. This resentment also motivated Shays' Rebellion, an armed uprising that had emerged that summer. The town of Sutton selected Singletary as part of a committee to try to mediate between active rebels and the state government, which had sent thousands of troops to suppress the uprising. The delegation managed to meet with General Benjamin Lincoln, though the rebellion continued for many months more.
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After the war Lincoln was active in politics in his native Massachusetts, running several times for lieutenant governor but only winning one term in that office. He served from 1781 to 1783 as the first United States Secretary of War during the American Revolutionary War under Washington. In 1787, Lincoln led a militia army (privately funded by Massachusetts merchants) in the suppression of Shays' Rebellion, and was a strong supporter of the new United States Constitution. He was for many of his later years the politically influential customs collector of the Port of Boston.
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527s are financed in large part by wealthy individuals, labor unions, and businesses. 527s pre- dated McCain–Feingold but grew in popularity after the law took effect. In May 2004, the FEC voted to not write new rules on the application of federal campaign finance laws to 527 organizations. Although the FEC did promulgate a new rule in the fall of 2004 requiring some 527s participating in federal campaigns to use at least 50% "hard money" (contributions regulated by the Federal Election Campaign Act) to pay their expenses, the FEC did not change its regulations on when a 527 organization must register as a federal "political committee"-prompting Representatives Shays and Meehan to file a federal court lawsuit against the FEC for the Commission's failure to adopt a 527 rule. In September, 2007, a Federal District Court ruled in favor of the FEC, against congressmen Shays and Meehan. In December 2006 the FEC entered settlements with three 527 groups the commission found to have violated federal law by failing to register as "political committees" and abide by contribution limits, source prohibitions and disclosure requirements during the 2004 election cycle. Swift Boat Veterans for Truth was fined $299,500; the League of Conservation Voters was fined $180,000; MoveOn.org was fined $150,000.
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Born in Attleborough in the Province of Massachusetts Bay on September 14, 1748, Cobb graduated from Harvard College in 1766. He studied medicine in Boston and afterward practiced in Taunton. He was a member of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1775; lieutenant colonel of Jackson's regiment in 1777 and 1778, serving in Rhode Island and New Jersey; was aide- de-camp on the staff of General George Washington; appointed major general of militia in 1786 and rendered conspicuous service during Shays' Rebellion. He was a charter member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1780.
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" They distrusted not only royal authority, but any small, secretive group as being unrepublican. Crowds of men and women massed at the steps of rural Court Houses during market-militia-court days. Shays Rebellion (1786–87) is a famous example. Urban riots began by the out-of-doors rallies on the steps of an oppressive government official with speakers such as members of the Sons of Liberty holding forth in the "people's "committees" until some action was decided upon, including hanging his effigy outside a bedroom window, or looting and burning down the offending tyrant's home.
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Since the beginning of the Mount Emily Lumber Company, logs were transported down the mountain behind a Shay steam locomotive on a short line railroad. This practice was common in the logging industry until the development of more powerful log trucks and better logging roads. Mount Emily owned four Shays, and after Valsetz bought the company and began hauling with trucks, one engine was donated to the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry. From there it was donated to the Oregon Historical Society, and through a lease agreement the Shay is operated by the City of Prineville Railroad.
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4:45 The period when he served in the Supreme Judicial Court included a time of great turmoil in Massachusetts. Following the American Revolutionary War the value of the paper currency then in circulation fell significantly leaving many citizens in financial difficulties. The administration of James Bowdoin in 1786 raised taxes to pay the public debt which had run up during the war, and stepped up collection of back taxes. These economic pressures led to outbreaks of civil unrest which culminated in Shays' Rebellion, an uprising in central and western Massachusetts lasting from 1786 to 1787.
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Cornwallis's strategy to conquer the south, Benedict Arnold joins the British, French troops under Gen. Rochambeau reinforce Washington's army, Gen. Nathanael Greene reclaims the south, the Battle of Yorktown, the British surrender # "Are We to Be a Nation?" (1783-1788): Creating the new nation, Washington resigns his commission, Noah Webster standardizes American English, Shays' Rebellion, the Confederation Congress, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison envision a new system of government, the Constitution, Bill of Rights and formation of a central government American singer-songwriter James Taylor sings the traditional song "Johnny Has Gone for a Soldier" during the end credits.
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Nationwide, federal prosecutions of state judges are exceedingly rare. Joseph's indictment was the first time a sitting judge was indicted for criminal behavior in Massachusetts since 1787, when a judge was found guilty of libel and removed from the bench for defending farmers involved in Shays' Rebellion. The "closely-watched case" drew national attention and sparked a debate about states refraining from carrying out the "increasingly tough" immigration policies of the Trump administration. An article in USA Today described it as "an unusual escalation in the federal government's strict immigration enforcement policy, and its battles with states and local governments that shelter migrants".
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In 2006, Democrats knocked off two incumbent Republicans and picked up two U.S. House seats in CT-02 and CT-05 (Joe Courtney and Chris Murphy, respectively). Although then-Governor M. Jodi Rell and Lieutenant Governor Michael Fedele were both moderate Republicans, all other statewide offices were held by Democrats. Democrats also enjoyed a supermajority status in both chambers of the Connecticut state legislature. In 2008, Democrat Jim Himes defeated incumbent Republican Christopher Shays, who was at the time the only Republican member of the U.S. House from New England, for the U.S. House seat in Connecticut's 4th congressional district.
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Tuesday Group Caucus Elects John Katko as Co-Chair Dent resigned from the House on May 12, 2018. In the 116th Congress, the co-chairs are Susan Brooks, John Katko, and Fred Upton. Former co-chairs include Charlie Bass, Mike Castle, Jo Ann Emerson, Mark Kirk, and Fred Upton. Members have included Judy Biggert, Sherwood Boehlert, Tom Davis, Mike Fitzpatrick, Mark Foley, Jim Gerlach, Nancy Johnson, Sue Kelly, Jim Kolbe, Ray LaHood, Leonard Lance, Jim Leach, John McKernan, Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Bob Michel, Todd Platts, Jim Ramstad, Dave Reichert, Joe Schwarz, Chris Shays, Rob Simmons, Olympia Snowe, James Walsh, and Heather Wilson.
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The beginning of the next phase was marked by the American Revolutionary War in 1775, an independence war where the Thirteen Colonies, and its European allies, fought against Great Britain. Following the independence of the United States, several internal conflicts erupted in the new country including Shays' Rebellion, and the Whiskey Rebellion. Although the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars were largely confined to Europe, the North American continent also saw some action between its belligerents. In the early years of the French Revolution, a successful slave revolt broke out in the French colony of Saint-Domingue.
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Rather than allow either Gregory or Sean to suffer in prison, Camille puts them "to sleep" and becomes the dominant personality. A long-term client comes to Leland McKenzie, concerned that a member of his board of directors is trying to force him out of the company he founded. Leland, his lover Rosalind Shays and attorney Anne Kelsey work together to prove that the board member is corrupt and force him out instead. Arnie Becker's divorce from Corrinne moves forward and Arnie fires long-time secretary Roxanne Melman after she is forced to give a deposition about his extra-marital affairs.
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Little changed politically once the Articles of Confederation went into effect, as ratification did little more than legalize what the Continental Congress had been doing. That body was renamed the Congress of the Confederation; but most Americans continued to call it the Continental Congress, since its organization remained the same. As the Confederation Congress attempted to govern the continually growing American states, delegates discovered that the limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at doing so. As the government's weaknesses became apparent, especially after Shays' Rebellion, some prominent political thinkers in the fledgling union began asking for changes to the Articles.
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The story centers around Sam, an obviously distressed homeless man, who wanders the streets of an unnamed city speaking mostly in odd quotes and sound bites. As he wanders, he has disturbing visions of events of injustice in American history (dealing with Indian Wars, slavery, the Civil Rights Movement, and others). Throughout his wanderings, he occasionally encounters a woman named Bea, and has conversations with Britannia. Eventually, Sam has a profoundly disillusioning vision of himself participating in the bloody crushing of Shays' Rebellion, which suggested to him that America's ideals were never seriously respected from the beginning.
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In 1784, the state established a postal service linking several towns and Albany, New York. In 1786, the Vermont governor replied to requests from Massachusetts about the Shays' Rebellion, saying that he was willing to extradite members of the rebellion, though his response was "pro forma" only since the state could ill afford to discourage immigration. The gold leaf dome of the Vermont State House in Montpelier is visible for many miles around the city. This is the third State House on the site, and like the second, was built in the Greek Revival architectural style.
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After the war, the Stockbridge Militia saw brief action, once more, as they defended the town of Stockbridge, from insurgents, during Shays' Rebellion, of 1786 and 1787. It has been suggested that their service created strong support for Indian suffrage, in the new Commonwealth of Massachusetts; although article five of the first draft, of the state's new constitution, excluded Indians, as eligible voters, it was soundly defeated and the second draft gave all men the right to vote. Most of the Indian survivors eventually settled in Oneida County, New York and were later moved to Wisconsin, forming the Stockbridge- Munsee tribal reservation.
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This effectively killed the bill for the remainder of the 105th Congress. McCain's 2000 campaign for president and a series of scandals (including the Enron scandal) brought the issue of campaign finance to the fore of public consciousness in 2001. McCain and Feingold pushed the bill in the Senate, while Chris Shays (R-CT) and Marty Meehan (D-MA) led the effort to pass the bill in the House. In just the second successful use of the discharge petition since the 1980s, a mixture of Democrats and Republicans defied Speaker Dennis Hastert and passed a campaign finance reform bill.
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Before moving to New York City in 1967, Clayton-Thomas fronted a couple of local bands, first The Shays and then The Bossmen, one of the earliest rock bands with significant jazz influences. But the real success came only a few difficult years later when he joined Blood, Sweat & Tears. Clayton-Thomas's first album with the band, Blood, Sweat & Tears (which was released in December 1968) – despite its eponymous title, it was actually the band's second album – sold ten million copies worldwide. The record topped the Billboard album chart for seven weeks and charted for 109 weeks.
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In contrast to the colorful live-action version, the visuals of the black-and-white animated video illustrate the song's lyrics with drawings in a raw, smudgy style. West commissioned American animator, graphic designer, cartoonist, and film director Bill Plympton for the alternate video. The Oscar-nominated cartoonist is best known for the body- morphing animated short films 25 Ways to Quit Smoking and How to Kiss, once shown on MTV in the late 1980s as well as hit animated film, Your Face. Plympton also directed the half-hour documentary on the 1786 Shays' Rebellion in Massachusetts for the History Channel.
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Delegates of the Connecticut Republican Party endorsed Linda McMahon at their state party convention held on May 18. McMahon was the choice of 730 delegates (60 percent), while Chris Shays won 389 delegates (32 percent), enough to qualify for the August 14 primary. Brian K. Hill, Peter Lumaj, and Kie Westby did not meet the 15 percent threshold necessary to automatically qualify for the primary, receiving the support of 62, 22, and 5 delegates, respectively. Hill pursued a post-convention attempt to petition his way onto the primary ballot, but fell short of the 8,319 signatures required and suspended his campaign in June.
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However, he needed the support of George Washington, and needed to show that a new government would be sufficient to address such challenges as Shays' Rebellion and the growing trade problems between the independent States. Madison was strongly opposed by those who feared a strong central government, people known either as States Rights Advocates or as Anti-Federalists, such as Roger Sherman and John Dickinson. Madison was in favor of a bicameral congress, but envisioned both houses being elected according to proportional representation. In this he was opposed by the States Rights Advocates, and he eventually accepted the compromises necessary to address their concerns.
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245–247 They were anticipated by William Shepard, the local militia commander, who began gathering government-supporting militia the Saturday before the court was to sit, and he had 300 men protecting the Springfield courthouse by opening time. Shays and Day were able to recruit a similar number but chose only to demonstrate, exercising their troops outside of Shepard's lines rather than attempting to seize the building. The judges first postponed hearings and then adjourned on the 28th without hearing any cases. Shepard withdrew his force (which had grown to some 800 men) to the Springfield Armory, which was rumored to be the target of the protestors.
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In 2002, at the instigation of producer and independent label owner Lance Anderson, the Cameo Blues Band recorded its first album, on Make It Real Records. Band membership for the album was composed of Ray Harrison (piano and Hammond B3), John Bride (guitar), Tom Griffiths (bass) and Michael Sloski (drums). Vocals were contributed by four previous lead singers of the band: Dickie, Jackson, Tomlinson and Zwol. Invited guests contributing to the album were Michael Fonfara, keyboard player for Downchild, Freddie KeelerHighly respected guitarist, whose professional reputation was first established in the 1960s, as a member of The Shays, the backing band for David Clayton-Thomas.
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Many Lima- built steam locomotives are preserved across the United States. Numerous Lima- built engines are still operational, especially Shay-type locomotives. Shays are operated at the Colorado Railroad Museum, the Cass Scenic Railroad, the Georgetown Loop Railroad, the Mount Rainier Scenic Railroad, and the Roaring Camp and Big Trees Narrow Gauge Railroad. Other widely known preserved Lima- built steam locomotives include Southern Pacific 4449, Nickel Plate 765, Pere Marquette 1225, Chesapeake & Ohio 614, Texas and Pacific 610, Tioga Lumber Company Shay C/N 1568 in Harrod, Ohio, and Chesapeake & Ohio 1601 - an Allegheny locomotive displayed indoors at The Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan.
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The band's first big break came after winning a Battle Of The Bands at the Montreal Forum in 1965, beating such competitors as David Clayton-Thomas and the Shays. The first prize was studio time, bankrolled by Quality Records, that they used to record the two songs on their first single, "1-2-5", with "Eight O'Clock This Morning" as the B-side. The execs at Quality Records were enthusiastic about "1-2-5" but objected to the original lyrics, so a "clean" version with different lyrics was also recorded. The single (with the alternate "clean" lyrics) was released on Quality in early 1966.
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The company is one of the leading manufacturers of over-the-counter (OTC) self-care products and solutions in North America, and offers branded product lines in Europe and other markets. He married his wife Sarah in 2019. His daughter, Reed Kessler, competed as a show jumper for the United States Equestrian team at the London 2012 Olympics. Politics In 2012, he donated money to Republicans like Mitt Romney for the presidency, Chris Shays for congressman, Howard Coble for senator, George Allen for senator, Mitch McConnell for senator, as well as Democrats like Kay Hagan for Senator, and Susan Bysiewicz for Secretary of State of Connecticut.
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1786–1787: Shays' Rebellion: a Western Massachusetts debtor's revolt over a credit squeeze that had financially devastated many farmers. The federal government was fiscally unable to raise an army to assist the state militia in combating the uprising; the weakness of the national government bolstered the arguments in favor of replacing the Articles of Confederation with an updated governmental framework. 1791–1794: Whiskey Rebellion: a series of protests against the institution of a federal tax on the distillation of spirits as a revenue source for repaying the nation's war bonds. The revolt was centered upon southwestern Pennsylvania, although violence occurred throughout the Trans-Appalachian region.
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Gray's paternal great-grandfather had arrived in Boston from Northern Ireland in 1718; Gray's Scotch-Irish Presbyterian ancestors had moved to New York from Massachusetts and Vermont after Shays' Rebellion. His parents married on July 30, 1809. Tanneries needed a lot of wood to burn, and the lumber supply in the area had been shrinking, so Gray's father used his profits to buy farms in the area, and in about 1823 sold the tannery and became a farmer. Gray was an avid reader even in his youth. He completed Clinton Grammar School from about 1823 to 1825, in those years reading many books from the nearby library at Hamilton College.
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Shays's Rebellion – the most crucial battle of which was fought at the Springfield Armory in 1787 – was the United States' first populist revolt. It prompted George Washington to come out of retirement, and catalyzed the U.S. Founding Fathers to craft the U.S. Constitution. On May 25, 1787, General Henry Knox, the Secretary of War, addressed the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia: “The commotion of Massachusetts have wrought prodigious changes in the minds of men in the State respecting the Powers of Government... They must be strengthened, there is no security of liberty or property.” Shay's Rebellion was led, in part, by American Revolutionary War soldier Daniel Shays.
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Conkey's Tavern, located in a valley of Pelham, Massachusetts, had an vital role, not only in Massachusetts history, but also in the history of the whole country. It is famous as the home base of Shays' Rebellion, a post-Colonial uprising that greatly affected the final form of the US Constitution and the decision to authorize a strong central government. The rebellion-related discussions that happened within the tavern setting give some insight as to whether colonial taverns were typically places to momentarily escape life's cares or instead were places of informed, sophisticated debate, or both. Say "tavern" and "popular revolt" and the easily summoned image is an inebriated, overwrought rabble.
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He was unsupportive of the cause, in spite of Shays's offer to crown him "king of Massachusetts"; he felt that Shays was just trying to erase unpayable debts.Holbrook, p. 243 In his later years, independent Vermont continued to experience rapid population growth, and Allen sold a great deal of his land, but also reinvested much the proceeds in more land. A lack of cash, complicated by Vermont's currency problems, placed a strain on Fanny's relatively free hand on spending, which was further exacerbated by the cost of publishing Reason, and of the construction of a new home near the mouth of the Onion River.
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Companion to the American Revolution, pp. 557–624 However, the national government had no money either to pay the war debts owed to European nations and the private banks, or to pay Americans who had been given millions of dollars of promissory notes for supplies during the war. Nationalists led by Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and other veterans feared that the new nation was too fragile to withstand an international war, or even internal revolts such as the Shays' Rebellion of 1786 in Massachusetts. They convinced Congress to call the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 and named their party the Federalist party.Richard B. Morris, The Forging of the Union: 1781–1789 (1987) pp.
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Retrieved November 20, 2007. Also located on this trail section are the Horse Caves, an overhang of sedimentary rock said to have been used as a bivouac by rebels during Shays' Rebellion.Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. Retrieved November 20, 2007. The middle section of the Robert Frost Trail traverses the Connecticut River Valley in the vicinity of eastern Amherst, south Leverett, and abutting towns. Highlights along the way include the Lawrence Swamp, Pomroy Pond, Harkness Brook Ravine, Amethyst Brook, the Mount Orient ledges, Atkins Reservoir, Cushman Brook Ravine, Puffer's Pond, and the Leverett Knobs. The ledges of Mount Orient and the swimming beach at Puffer's Pond are popular locally.
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He also appears in "iTwins". He has a wide variety of what Spencer describes as "suspicious liquids" such as a substance he squirted Spencer with and a jelly-like goo which he put into Spencer's motorcycle helmet. He makes his on-screen final appearance in "iBeat the Heat", where he comes to the Shays' apartment with his dad and sister, Gia, who Spencer finds attractive. As revealed in "iBattle Chip", Chuck and some of his 8th grade thug buddies' latest prank on Spencer got him sent to military school and so he told his younger brother Chip to fill in as the secondary antagonist.
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John Robinson (July 24, 1735 - June 13, 1805) was a Massachusetts militia and Continental Army officer from Westford, Massachusetts during the American Revolutionary War. On April 19, 1775, during the Battle of Concord, Robinson was the second highest-ranking officer in the field after Colonel James Barrett. Robinson marched next to Major John Buttrick at the head of the American column which advanced on and defeated the British Regulars at the Old North Bridge that day. Robinson would later fight at the Battle of Bunker Hill, serve under General George Washington during the Siege of Boston and, in 1786, would take part in the agrarian insurrection known as Shays' Rebellion.
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Groton is a town in northwestern Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, within the Greater Boston metropolitan area. The population was 10,873 at the 2012 town census. It is home to two prep schools: Groton School, founded in 1884, and Lawrence Academy at Groton, founded in 1792 and the third-oldest private school in Massachusetts. The town was a battlefield in King Philip's War and Queen Anne's War, with children taken captive in a raid by Abenaki and French; it had incidents of insurrection during Shays' Rebellion, and was the birthplace of William Prescott, who commanded the colonial forces at the Battle of Bunker Hill during the American Revolution.
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Joseph Bradley Varnum was born in Dracut, Massachusetts, in Middlesex County, on January 29, 1750 or 1751. At the age of eighteen, he was commissioned captain by the committee of Massachusetts Bay Colony, and in 1787 colonel by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He was made brigadier general in 1802, and in 1805 major general of the state militia, holding the latter office at his death in 1821. After serving in the Massachusetts militia during the American Revolutionary War, Varnum helped to destroy the Shays insurrection before he was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives (1780–1785) and then the Massachusetts State Senate (1786–1795).
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In March 1965, the label issued Prokop and Marion's "Never Send You Flowers" as the group's debut single and it soon became a modest local hit, as did the follow-up "If I Told My Baby". During August, the group appeared at the Canadian National Exhibition's under 21 club with David Clayton-Thomas & The Shays. As 1966 dawned, the band signed a new deal with Duff Roman's label Roman Records which issued the group's next single "For What I Am". A cover of "Long Tall Sally" followed in the spring of 1966, by which point the group had parted with Roman (who subsequently became program director of CKFH) and signed up with Bernie Finkelstein (later Bruce Cockburn's longstanding manager).
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The town of Shaftsbury was chartered in 1761 by Benning Wentworth, the colonial governor of New Hampshire, who laid claim (along with the neighboring Province of New York) to the area that is now Vermont. The dispute over the status of Vermont (then sometimes called the New Hampshire Grants) would ultimately lead to its independence in 1777, and its eventual statehood as the 14th state. Part of the history of those events was played out in Shaftsbury Center, where the inn of Jonas Galusha, an eventual Governor of Vermont, was a meeting point for both those events, and the participation of Vermont men in the American Revolutionary War. Shaftsbury also sheltered rebels involved Shays' Rebellion (1786–87) in Massachusetts.
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In the fall of 1969, Nissenbaum and fellow University of Massachusetts at Amherst Professor Paul Boyer offered the course History 185, "New Approaches to the Study of History," an "experimental history course" inspired by pedagogical work of historians Stanley Katz and William R. Taylor, with whom Nissenbaum had worked during his doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In the course, undergraduates undertook "actual historical research" on a single historical episode, using almost exclusively primary source materials. Senior colleagues in the department were skeptical about the approach. Two subjects were chosen the first semester the course was offered, the Salem witch trials and Shays' Rebellion, but the entire course came to be devoted exclusively to the Salem material.
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The Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act (PETS) was a bi-partisan initiative in the United States House of Representatives to require states seeking Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) assistance to accommodate pets and service animals in their plans for evacuating residents facing disasters. Pets that are NOT Service animals, must still follow the laws regarding service animals during a disaster. Introduced by Congressmen Tom Lantos (D-California) and Christopher Shays (R-Connecticut) on September 22, 2005, the bill passed the House of Representatives on May 22, 2006 by a margin of 349 to 29. Technically an amendment to the Stafford Act, it was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 6, 2006.
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"He's a Crowd" is a 1991 episode of the American legal drama L.A. Law. In it, attorney Michael Kuzak defends a man with multiple personalities accused of murder, attorney Rosalind Shays helps her lover Leland McKenzie help a client, attorney Arnie Becker's divorce proceeds and attorneys Abby Perkins and C.J. Lamb work together to raise Abby's profile at the firm and find themselves sharing an intimate moment. It is the 12th episode of season 5 and was written by David E. Kelley. "He's a Crowd" is the first of a series of lesbian kiss episodes, in which a female character who identifies as lesbian or bisexual kisses a female character who identifies as heterosexual.
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120 By early 1785, many influential merchants and political leaders were already agreed that a stronger central government was needed. Shortly after Shays' Rebellion broke out, delegates from five states met in Annapolis, Maryland from September 11–14, 1786, and they concluded that vigorous steps were needed to reform the federal government, but they disbanded because of a lack of full representation and authority, calling for a convention of all the states to be held in Philadelphia in May 1787.Szatmary, p. 122 Historian Robert Feer notes that several prominent figures had hoped that the convention would fail, requiring a larger-scale convention, and French diplomat Louis-Guillaume Otto thought that the convention was intentionally broken off early to achieve this end.
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The weakness of the Articles in establishing an effective unifying government was underscored by the threat of internal conflict both within and between the states, especially after Shays' Rebellion threatened to topple the state government of Massachusetts. Historian Ralph Ketcham comments on the opinions of Patrick Henry, George Mason, and other Anti-Federalists who were not so eager to give up the local autonomy won by the revolution: Historians have given many reasons for the perceived need to replace the articles in 1787. Jillson and Wilson (1994) point to the financial weakness as well as the norms, rules and institutional structures of the Congress, and the propensity to divide along sectional lines. Rakove (1988) identifies several factors that explain the collapse of the Confederation.
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Carly is not comfortable with Griffin hanging around the loft until she falls for him, of which Spencer does not approve. At the middle of the episode, Carly and Griffin argue, but it is revealed that it was just a trick to get Spencer to think she is over him. They officially break up at the end of the episode after Carly and Sam make fun of his obsession with a series of plush toys called "Pee Wee Babies" and he overhears them. He returns in "iBeat the Heat", where he tries to kiss Carly and comes to the Shays' air conditioned loft because his Pee Wee Babies cannot be in extreme hot or cold air or they will become misshapen.
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Before completion, the structure was moved northward to the west side of Northampton Street, just south of present-day Hitchcock Street, where the Blessed Sacrement and Metcalf Schools stand today. Among the earliest settlers of the village were the names Ely, Chapin, Day, Ball, Rand, Humeston, and Street, who built their homesteads in the vicinity of the Village. From its earliest days the area now identified between Brown Avenue and Northampton Street was occupied largely by the Ely family, among whom, Enoch Ely, was a soldier in the American Revolution. Following the war, Ely would take part in Shays' Rebellion to resist what he saw as unjust taxes upon the former patriot soldiers, and took to hiding in nearby woods to evade soldiers seeking his arrest.
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The rebellion was waged primarily by debt-ridden western farmers and landowners who banded together and captured shire town courthouses in Massachusetts, closing them to all proceedings. Violence was threatened and enacted against many officials who would not stand down. On a national scale, the rebellion was viewed with intense interest by citizens and public officials of all of the confederated former colonies because it "tested the precarious institutions of the new republic." To officials in Boston, Job Shattuck became, perhaps even more than Daniel Shays, the leader of the agrarians in the western part of the state, a leading firebrand and empathetic advocate of the soldier–farmer who had risked life, limb, and land for the cause of the revolution only to return from the war to find injustice and foreclosure still looming.
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Shah volunteered in Bridgeport for U.S. Congressman Chris Shays (R-CT) during high school and interned for U.S. Senator Joe Lieberman (D-CT) and others in Washington as his interest in politics developed. He found he was disagreeing with Democrats in his family and those he met during internships, Raj cast his first vote for George W. Bush in 2004, and interned in the White House in 2005. While working as a campaign spokesman for New Mexico Republican gubernatorial candidate Susana Martinez in 2010, Shah was arrested for DWI and reckless driving, and was immediately terminated from his position. By the 2012 presidential election cycle, Shah was deputy research director at the Republican National Committee and he said in that job that he learned what not to do in the 2016 election.
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The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city, making it the United States' longtime center for precision manufacturing (comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution). The Armory's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year. Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary (1805, Noah Webster), the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing (1819, Thomas Blanchard), the first American horseless car (1825, again Thomas Blanchard), vulcanized rubber (1844, Charles Goodyear), the first American gasoline- powered car (1893, Duryea Brothers), the first American motorcycle company (1901, "Indian"), an early commercial radio station (1921, WBZ), and most famously, the world's third-most-popular sport of basketball (1891, Dr. James Naismith).
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By January 1787, thousands of men from Western Massachusetts, Eastern New York, Vermont, and Connecticut had joined the Regulators; however, many were scattered across the expanse of Western Massachusetts. On January 25, 1787, three major Regulator armies were coalescing on Springfield in attempt to overtake the U.S. Federal Arsenal at Springfield. The armies were commanded by, respectively, Daniel Shays, whose army was camped in nearby Palmer, Massachusetts; Luke Day, whose army was camped across the Connecticut River in West Springfield, Massachusetts; and Eli Parsons, whose army was camped just north of Springfield in Chicopee, Massachusetts. The plan for commandeering the Arsenal at Springfield was for a three-pronged attack on January 25, 1787; however, the day before the scheduled attack, General Luke Day unilaterally postponed the attack to January 26, 1787.
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View of Constitution Beach in 2011 Constitution Beach, 1973 Constitution Beach is a man-made crescent-shaped, sandy beach located in the HarborView section of East Boston, a neighborhood in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Opened in 1952 and known to locals as "Shays Beach," its most distinctive feature is that looks directly onto the runways of Logan International Airport and Gang Eapar, so that airplanes taking off and landing on Runways 22L and 22R are about away, making them prominent both visibly and audibly. The beach is located on of land, which was artificially constructed between December 1949 and May 1951. At that time, of land was filled in with hydraulically dredged material and gravel to create the beach, which soon after opened to the public in 1952.
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In 1998, she was one of four Republicans, along with Amo Houghton and Peter T. King of New York and Chris Shays of Connecticut, to oppose all four articles of impeachment against Clinton during the Lewinsky scandal. As a Republican representing an affluent Democratic district in an increasingly Democratic state, Morella faced a succession of increasingly strong Democratic challengers. While she managed to fend them all off, even in the big Democratic years of 1992, 1996, and 1998, the low popularity of the Republican-controlled Congress gradually undermined her. She tried to portray herself as giving her district a place at the table, but over time, Morella's Democratic opponents claimed that a vote for Morella was a vote to keep Tom DeLay and other Republicans unpopular to district voters in power.
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Tomb of Gen. Benjamin Lincoln, Hingham Cemetery, Hingham, Massachusetts While Secretary of War, Lincoln was elected the first president of the Massachusetts chapter of the Society of the Cincinnati on June 9, 1783, and he then supported the election of George Washington as president of the national Society on June 19.Massachusetts Cincinnati Society’s webpage, viewed January 25, 2019 In early 1787, Lincoln helped put an end to an uprising of western Massachusetts farmers opposed to increased taxation and government coercion in their trade, known as Shays' Rebellion; Lincoln commanded 3,000 privately funded militia to disperse the opposition, and captured over one hundred. The uprising with the near-capture of a federal arsenal by rebels caused a national uproar, and it was an important part of the national crisis that justified calling the Constitutional Convention.
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While Jacob was State's Attorney, an anti-tax protest took place in Windsor, inspired in large part by Shays' Rebellion; Jacob and Sheriff Benjamin Wait were able to mobilize 70 members of the local militia, who forced the protesters to end their demonstration and return to their homes. In 1789 Vermont and New York created a commission to settle their longstanding dispute over land titles in preparation for Vermont's admission to the Union as the 14th state, and Jacob served as one of the commissioners. When Vermont was admitted to the Union in 1791, Jacob was appointed the first United States Attorney for the District of Vermont; he served until 1794, when he was succeeded by Amos Marsh. Jacob was a delegate to the 1793 state constitutional convention, and chief judge of the Windsor County court in 1791, and from 1797 to 1801.
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Boyd was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, on December 21, 1764.Spencer C. Tucker, The Encyclopedia Of the War Of 1812, 2012, page 74 Too young to serve in the American Revolution, but decided upon a military career, he served in the militiaRobert Malcomson, Historical Dictionary of the War of 1812, 2006, page 52 and joined the Army as an Ensign in 1786.John C. Fredriksen, American Military Leaders, 1999, page 70 He served in the force sent to counter Shays' Rebellion, and resigned after three years in the Army to serve as a Soldier of Fortune in the army of the Nizam of Hyderabad, in Central India.Hans Hägerdal, Responding to the West: Essays on Colonial Domination and Asian Agency, 2009, page 40 Boyd was a highly successful cavalry commander,Ronald Rosner, "John Parker Boyd: The Yankee Mughal," Asian Affairs Vol.
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Prince Henry of Prussia was reportedly offered the hypothetical throne of the United States. The protracted disturbances created by the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation as the United States' constitution, which culminated in Shays' Rebellion, reportedly gave rise to a "class of men in the community who gave very serious apprehensions to the advocates for a Republican form of government". Prior to, and following, the May 1787 convening of the Philadelphia Convention, widely circulated rumors reported that the conclave was meeting for the purpose of offering to enthrone Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany as king of the United States. So acute were the rumors that the convention issued a public denial that any proposal for a reestablishment of monarchy was being considered, the denial later being repeated in a letter sent by Alexander Martin to the governor of North Carolina.
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In the aftermath of the election The Weekly Standard published a number of articles highly critical of how the Republican Party had managed the United States Congress. It called the electoral defeat for the G.O.P. "only a little short" of "devastating" saying the "party of reform ... didn't reform anything" and warned that the Democratic Party has expanded its "geographical sphere of Democratic power" to formerly Republican- held states such as Montana, Colorado, Arizona, Wyoming, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, while it solidified former swing states like Illinois as Democratic strongholds. In the New England region, popular Republican Senator Lincoln Chafee of Rhode Island was defeated, despite having approval ratings near 60% and Republicans now only control a single district, the CT-04 seat held by Chris Shays, out of 22 congressional districts. The Democrats also became the clear majority in the Mid Atlantic region as well.
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Szatmary, pp. 79–80 The court was then shut down in Worcester, Massachusetts by similar action on September 5, but the county militia refused to turn out, as it was composed mainly of men sympathetic to the protestors.Szatmary, p. 80 Governors of the neighboring states acted decisively, calling out the militia to hunt down the ringleaders in their own states after the first such protests.Szatmary, pp. 78–79 Matters were resolved without violence in Rhode Island because the "country party" gained control of the legislature in 1786 and enacted measures forcing its merchants to trade debt instruments for devalued currency. Boston's merchants were concerned by this, especially Bowdoin who held more than £3,000 in Massachusetts notes.Richards, pp. 84–87 Daniel Shays had participated in the Northampton action and began to take a more active role in the uprising in November, though he firmly denied that he was one of its leaders.
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Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus Members at the Kick-off Press Conference from left to right: Niki Tsongas (D–MA), José Serrano (D–NY), Xavier Becerra (D–CA), Hilda Solis (D–CA), Jerry Nadler (D–NY), Barbara Lee (D–CA), Tammy Baldwin (D–WI), Lois Capps (D–CA), Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R–FL), Linda Sánchez (D–CA), Mike Honda (D–CA), James McGovern (D–MA), Barney Frank (D–MA), Chris Shays (R–CT). The formation of the Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus was announced on June 4, 2008, by openly gay representatives Tammy Baldwin and Barney Frank. The caucus currently has 165 members (164 Democrats and 1 Republican) in the 116th United States Congress. The caucus is co-chaired by the United States House of Representatives' seven openly LGBT members: Representatives David Cicilline, Angie Craig, Sharice Davids, Sean Patrick Maloney, Chris Pappas, Mark Pocan, and Mark Takano.
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Szatmary, pp. 84–86 The 3,000 militiamen who were recruited into this army were almost entirely from the eastern counties of Massachusetts, and they marched to Worcester on January 19.Szatmary, pp. 86–89, 104 General Benjamin Lincoln, portrait by Henry Sargent While the government forces assembled, Shays and Day and other rebel leaders in the west organized their forces establishing regional regimental organizations that were run by democratically elected committees. Their first major target was the federal armory in Springfield.Szatmary, pp. 98–99 General Shepard had taken possession of the armory under orders from Governor Bowdoin, and he used its arsenal to arm a militia force of 1,200. He had done this even though the armory was federal property, not state, and he did not have permission from Secretary at War Henry Knox.Richards, pp. 27–28Holland, p. 261 The insurgents were organized into three major groups and intended to surround and attack the armory simultaneously.
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Paul (2018), pp. 27–29 Under the Articles of Confederation, the United States during the 1780s was a confederation of sovereign states with a weak national government that had little or no effective power to impose tariffs, regulate interstate commerce, or enforce laws.Paul (2018), pp. 30–31 Influenced by Shays' Rebellion and the powerlessness of the Congress of the Confederation, Marshall came to believe in the necessity of a new governing structure that would replace the powerless national government established by the Articles of Confederation.Paul (2018), p. 34 He strongly favored ratification of the new constitution proposed by the Philadelphia Convention, as it provided for a much stronger federal government. Marshall was elected to the 1788 Virginia Ratifying Convention, where he worked with James Madison to convince other delegates to ratify the new constitution.Paul (2018), pp. 35–38 After a long debate, proponents of ratification emerged victorious, as the convention voted 89 to 79 to ratify the constitution.Paul (2018), pp.
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Retrieved on 2013-08-21. Famous first as the United States' primary arsenal during the American Revolutionary War, and then as the scene of a confrontation during Shays' Rebellion, the Springfield Armory in the 19th and 20th centuries became the site of numerous technological innovations of global importance, including interchangeable parts, the assembly line style of mass production, and modern business practices, such as hourly wages. The facility would play a decisive role in the American Civil War, producing most of the weaponry used by Union troops which, in sum, outpaced Confederate firearm production by a ratio of 32 to 1. American historian Merritt Roe Smith has posited that advancements in machine manufacturing which allowed the facility to increase production capacity by more than 25 fold, from 9,601 rifles in 1860 to 276,200 in 1864, served as a precursor to the mass production of the Second Industrial Revolution and 20th century assembly line production.
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91 > I have been greatly abused, have been obliged to do more than my part in the > war, been loaded with class rates, town rates, province rates, Continental > rates, and all rates ... been pulled and hauled by sheriffs, constables, and > collectors, and had my cattle sold for less than they were worth... The > great men are going to get all we have and I think it is time for us to rise > and put a stop to it, and have no more courts, nor sheriffs, nor collectors > nor lawyers. Veterans had received little pay during the war and faced added difficulty collecting pay owed to them from the State or the Congress of the Confederation, and some soldiers began to organize protests against these oppressive economic conditions. In 1780, Daniel Shays resigned from the army unpaid and went home to find himself in court for non-payment of debts. He soon realized that he was not alone in his inability to pay his debts and began organizing for debt relief.
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The town of Amherst was settled as part of Hadley in the early 18th century, and was separately incorporated in 1759. The South Amherst Common, also known as Fiddlers Green, was formed out of a road junction created in 1760 by laying out the southern portion of what is now South East Street, the northern portion and Middle Street having been laid out in 1703. The first house known to be built facing what is now the common was built about 1742 by Nathaniel Coleman, and still stands at 1055 South East Street, at the south end of the common; a second 18th century house, the Jonathan Dickinson House, dates from around 1750 and faces the common from the southwest at 445 Shays Street. In 1788 the town reduced the rights of way for its roads, and sold off the excess land, but keeping the area that is now South Amherst Common. Over the next 150 years, the common became a local nexus for the surrounding rural community, with a school (first one built in 1764) and church (1825), and several cottage industries.
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