They considered oceans with low salinity (practically freshwater), moderate salinity (similar to Earth), and high salinity (equal to what's found in the Dead Sea).
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More fundamental is contamination by arsenic, nitrates, salinity and fluoride.
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The gliders collect salinity and temperature readings, among other data.
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Season the boiling water and ice bath to seawater level salinity.
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" I added that to my list of drivers: "Temperature, salinity, calcium . . .
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Sediment, salinity and other organisms can also affect a lake's pinkness.
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Authorities in Tianjin, however, explained the dead fish as a salinity change.
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Salinity and other savory flavors are simply another aspect of wine's complexity.
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Its salinity is higher than a river, but less than the ocean.
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It's anesthetizing your tongue from picking up any fruits, herbs, or salinity.
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Crops that can survive higher levels of water salinity are being introduced.
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It is around nine times the salinity of the ocean, not six.
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But on hypothetical planets high in ocean salinity, this circulation pattern was reversed.
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The 2014 was fresh, floral and almost oceanic, with great salinity and minerality.
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The country has limited fresh water resources, and struggles with rising soil salinity.
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Salinity levels have been cut in half from their high point, he said.
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"As they rise, they collect data on temperature, salinity, and pressure," he said.
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This is accomplished via a temperature probe, pressure sensor, salinity gauge, and light measure.
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The Suez Canal once had its own salinity barrier, known as the Bitter Lakes.
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"Alligators seek out fresh water in high-salinity environments," said Nifong in a statement.
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People will release marine species like flounder, but the salinity isn't right for them.
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There's a fresh salinity, reflecting the sea, perhaps, along with nice texture and concentration.
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For a weeknight meal, capers add a nice, inexpensive pop of salinity and crunch.
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The drone was reportedly carrying out tests of the water's properties, including salinity and temperature.
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Sunlight, nutrients, and salinity can stoke algae growth, combined with helpful wind direction and currents.
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The speed of sound in water depends on temperature, pressure and, to some extent, salinity.
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The salinity of the water pumped up for irrigation can then wreak havoc on crops.
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"Salinity intrusion is damaging our croplands, putting our lives and livelihoods in trouble," Khaleque said.
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Those last three ingredients cloak the fish in a complex salinity, and deliver amazing flavor.
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The increased salinity has made growing rice, traditionally the area's most common crop, more difficult.
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Q&A Q. What will happen to the salinity of the oceans as icebergs melt?
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Melting glaciers and icebergs release fresh water and reduce the salinity of the surrounding sea.
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Pressure will cause the tripwire to snap, as will a change in the salinity of nematocysts.
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The temperature and salinity of seawater, which affect DNA's stability, would have to be accounted for.
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At the very least it raises the salinity of the surrounding seawater, depleting the dissolved oxygen.
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Officially, these underwater gliders collect entirely unclassified data on water temperature and salinity along their route.
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That water has since gathered into a massive low-salinity plume on the Texas ocean shelf.
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Australia has long experience in development of agricultural models that can cope with high salinity levels.
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Researchers can analyze them to determine historic water temperatures and salinity in the Gulf of Maine.
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In addition to extremely turbulent waters, Dorian brought a surge of rainwater that changed sea salinity.
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The fianos had a clear sense of minerality, but nothing like the salinity of the carricantes.
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There is a narrow range of pH, temperature, salinity, and water clarity hospitable to most corals.
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These types of drones, called gliders, typically collect unclassified data, such as water temperatures and salinity levels.
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It boasts a distinct surface layer of light, comparatively fresh water floating atop its deep-sea salinity.
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When running the model with moderate salinity, the ocean currents behaved like they do here on Earth.
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Sometimes, people who don't have an understanding of salinity say that you shouldn't throw out this juice.
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Jellies aren't vulnerable to fluctuating temperature, acidity, and salinity like other marine species, according to JSTOR Daily.
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There was concern over the safety of the dolphins due to the low salinity of the water.
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The canals pulled in salt water, and, as the salinity rose, the reeds and marsh grasses died.
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He'd brought a depth sounder and a salinity meter, a long stick for testing the bay bottom.
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The minerality was there, too, both in the sensation of wet rocks and the touch of salinity.
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The storm also brought rainwater that altered sea salinity and changed water temperature, possibly shocking coral reefs.
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Experts say salinity is on the rise in the southwest due to sea-level rise from global warning.
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"As salinity or salt content in these waters drops, the concentration of the Vibrio goes up," he explained.
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They are struggling with low salinity which harms shellfish reproduction, water stagnation, pollution and agro-chemical run-off.
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That means precisely measuring fluctuations in salinity and nutrients and temperature, for which this ship is uniquely equipped.
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The team found that the combination of severe salinity and abundant acidity was too extreme for any extremophiles.
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The robots can measure oxygen levels, water temperature, acidity, salinity — and can even map the seafloor using sonar.
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Residents expressed concerns on pollution, but local authorities said the fish died as a result of salinity change.
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This reaction was even more extreme when other stresses, such as high turbidity or low salinity, were added.
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Salinity levels need to be just right, the slope of the terrain not too steep and temperatures stable.
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The salinity of the ocean, as well as sea creatures, can degrade the condition and integrity of artifacts.
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In addition to testing for pathogens, the device also monitors temperature, salinity and pH levels, among other metrics.
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Panchernikov adds that good caviar should have low salinity, a rich buttery flavor and leave no after taste.
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Prepared this way, their thick Tsar-Cut salmon is exceptionally meaty but still succulent, with a delicate salinity.
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And I also use the hard, sharp pecorino Romano cheese of Sardinia for its powerful salinity and tang.
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However, this requires a lot of planning, as the extremely cold water temperatures and salinity make it more difficult.
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In short, the salinity of the oceans means useful water is scarce, while the less useful kind is abundant.
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The higher salinity of the water caused a red algae bloom, instead of the green one we saw before.
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They also collected temperature, salinity, and melt rate measurements from a sensor deployed in the ocean under the shelf.
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As a final aside, it's not unreasonable to ask why dolphins don't just swim away from low-salinity waters.
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Light gold in color, it boasts a salinity that seems to season the wine and perk up your palate.
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Those floats dot the world's oceans, sinking to depths of 2,000 meters and taking regular temperature and salinity readings.
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The process requires specific levels of salinity, temperature, and ozone—each depending on the type of animal in the tank.
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The vessel&aposs research will include the ocean's salinity, ice-covered water, currents and other polar elements, the Guardian reported.
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Sunlight, nutrients, and salinity can influence the growth and persistence of the algae, on top of wind direction and currents.
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Excessive salinity is a potential problem that would require future colonists to bring clunky desalination devices to the Red Planet.
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What the sweetness and fruitiness of spätlese riesling and the salinity of Etna's carricante have in common is great acidity.
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An automated sampling buoy already observed a 10% decline in salinity near the reefs between September 28 and October 4.
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Soil erosion has increased the salinity in the water, rendering it unsafe (or at the very least, untasteful) for consumption.
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When the water table rose, that salt came to the surface and began increasing the salinity of the area's ground.
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There is no briny fragrance: The Baltic Sea, fed by freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, has very little salinity.
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Prosecutors alleged in court documents that Vandemoer accepted $610,000 in bribes to facilitate the admissions of students as salinity recruits.
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Afterward, only some traditional varieties could be successfully grown because salinity in the soil and groundwater was higher than normal.
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Scientists are also racing to understand how DNA degrades across different temperatures, microbial communities and levels of acidity and salinity.
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But the speed of sound varies with changes in salinity, temperature and pressure, complicating its use as a measuring tool.
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The station collected data about water temperature, nutrients, salinity, the speed of water flow, and concentrations of chlorophyll and methane.
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A robot is "periodically taking samples of salinity and temperature, oxygen and some optical properties of the water," Gobat said.
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It should give your tastebuds a firm shake, awaken your mouth with its salinity, leave your fingers slick and lickable.
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" Spraggins said the north winds could blow the algae out into the saltwater, where the increased salinity might "break it up.
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If humans take too much water from a lake, or climate change causes excess evaporation, then salinity levels will become unstable.
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Gulf temperatures (which, on average, have risen over the past decades), water salinity, sunlight, and Gulf currents all play a role.
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The salinity has killed fish and cattle, and caused a dozen bird species to disappear from the area, al-Badran said.
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The rising salinity has shut down water purification systems, turned once-fertile areas to desert and killed off fish and livestock.
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When the water table rose, that salt came to the surface and began increasing the salinity of the Wheat Belt's ground.
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Since climate change is heating ocean water everywhere, this process has been weakening, putting all salinity-specialized ocean creatures at risk.
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With hundreds of different sea urchin varieties around the world, there's a billion possibilities that can influence the sweetness and salinity.
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In both areas, users are withdrawing more water than can be replenished and rising salinity is reducing the productivity of plants.
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The fish spend 12 to 14 months growing to full size in the large tanks, which monitor temperature, oxygen and salinity.
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It had invested in a fancy internet-connected tank in which the temperature and salinity of the water were remotely controlled.
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"We did a bunch of experiments varying salinity and all of these other variables, and they survived quite well," she says.
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"Demand for 5% broken rice remains strong but the growing area in Vietnam is shrinking, partly due to salinity," the trader said.
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Over ten-day cycles they sink slowly down to about 2,000 metres and back up, measuring temperature and salinity as they go.
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A rich and creamy aphrodisiac seasoned by the salinity of the ocean, it is said that savouring this delicacy can induce euphoria.
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Agricultural land is damaged by soil acidity, salinity and erosion, which are mainly manmade problems that have seen productivity stagnate, he said.
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Many species won't tolerate fluctuations in water quality, salinity or temperature, said Wyatt Patry, a senior aquarist at the Monterey Bay Aquarium.
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Ocean acidification changes the coasts, releasing excess nutrient that can create algae blooms and increasing sea temperatures and salinity, according to NOAA.
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"Today agriculture, and food consumption, is based on a small variety of plants that are relatively sensitive to salinity," Mr. Guy said.
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At Lake George, aquatic sensors are automatically dipped into the lake every hour to take measurements, including oxygen levels, pH, and salinity.
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Hurricane Harvey caused salinity levels to drop, leading to widespread death of oysters and dealing a devastating blow to businesses like Prestige Oysters.
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Scientists took core samples from the bottom of lakes on the island, and noticed changing salinity, as well as evidence of increasing 'turbidity.
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There's surely a creative solution for the Mediterranean's problems, and the place to start is by rebuilding salinity barriers in the Suez Canal.
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Dolphins along the Gulf Coast are exposed to low-salinity waters each spring, but this season has been particularly bad, according to NOAA.
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"BRUIE will carry several science instruments to measure parameters related to life, such as dissolved oxygen, water salinity, pressure and temperature," Berisford said.
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Then a combination of drought, pollution, salinity and algae started destroying the health of the lake, and the resort became a ghost town.
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Based on a variety of salt water samples, the method was able to achieve a decrease in salinity of four orders of magnitude.
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While salinity and storm intensity varies from year to year, the polynya always appears around the same place in the eastern Weddell Sea.
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In some parts of the fertile Nile Delta, the dam has caused increased salinity, forcing farmers to switch crops or abandon fields entirely.
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Dr. Nweeia and his co-workers propose that it is a kind of sensory organ, for detecting changes in water salinity and temperature.
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But that is only a temporary fix, because eventually the salinity of the water will exceed the tolerance of the specially engineered rice.
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And we chew salt to see how we like it in our teeth, on our tongues, and to know its flavor, its salinity.
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"BRUIE will carry several science instruments to measure parameters related to life, such as dissolved oxygen, water salinity, pressure and temperature," said Berisford.
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The Pentagon says the unmanned vehicle was in the South China Sea gathering "military oceanographic data," such as salinity, water temperature and sound speed.
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Dubbed "Insect Allies," the idea is to create more resilient crops to help farmers deal with climate change, drought, frost, floods, salinity, and disease.
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The finding is surprising because large rivers normally create gaps in reef distribution due to unfavorable conditions such as salinity, pH and light penetration.
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Prior to this study, scientists assumed that oceans on other planets are similar to ours, both in terms of salinity, depth, and other characteristics.
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It turns out that the salinity in the bay had plummeted past that threshold due to a surge of freshwater runoff into the bay.
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"You'd like to be collecting full-resolution depth and salinity and temperature data every second, but you'd never get the data back," he said.
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After the dress was submerged, the crystals accumulated naturally, because of the lake's high salinity content, over the course of three months in 2014.
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Don't be deceived by the clarity of this cocktail found at east London "agaveria" Hacha — it has the same sourness and salinity you'd expect.
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The scientists were able to conduct measurements of "temperature, salinity, melt rates and ocean currents in the cavity under the ice" during that time.
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It's commonly available and affordable, and I love the oily yield of the large eggs, the distinctly yolky flavor and the salinity as well.
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Researchers at the Center for Coastal Studies are now trying to determine how plankton levels, temperature, currents, and salinity might affect the whales' movements.
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The flavors were intense and penetrating, underscored by Madeira's characteristic bright acidity: more fruit and flowers, a touch of caramel and a refreshing salinity.
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As the desert advanced, the pupfish evolved in such a way that they could withstand high salinity and water temperatures exceeding a hundred degrees.
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Mr. Lazarovitch and other scientists are testing innovations including cameras that monitor plant roots and sensors that monitor carbon dioxide, fertilizer and salinity levels.
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The drone was part of an unclassified program to collect oceanographic data including salinity, temperature and clarity of the water, the U.S. official added.
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According to Dr. Norman, salt lakes turn pink only when the right combination of factors exists: high salinity and the right salt and organisms.
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Less turnover in the lake's water is leading to increased salinity and the spread of cyanobacteria (sometimes called "blue-green algae", despite not being algae).
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The planet's properties—from salinity, to oxygenation, to biodiversity—are generated to provide optimal conditions for the continued propagation of life, according to the hypothesis.
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Climate change will intensify risks such as cyclones, floods and droughts, he added, but will also have "silent effects" on soil salinity, health and yields.
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When paired with drifting ocean floats providing spot-measurements of temperature, salinity, and depth, the data is invaluable for understanding ocean dynamics, warming and chemistry.
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The sea hare can survive in a variety of temperatures and water salinity, and is at home in both deep ocean water and shallow pools.
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"If you have a goldfish at home, you'd just put it in a tank with tap water which has a salinity of zero," Tweedley explained.
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The Pentagon described the vehicle as an unclassified "ocean glider" system used to gather military oceanographic data such as salinity, water temperature and sound speed.
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Other farmers have converted swathes of their property into fish farms, attempting to take advantage of flooding and increased salinity to harvest shrimp for export.
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The reservoir's water would be used throughout the year, regulated by water control structures on rivers, to meet demand for irrigation, fisheries, navigation and salinity control.
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Scientists and environmentalists have appealed to the European Commission to install locks and salinity barriers in the Suez Canal and have requested an environmental impact assessment.
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By altering the salinity and temperature of different parts of the sea, circulation patterns both within the Arctic ocean and, consequently, in the atmosphere will change.
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The data these buoys produce help researchers understand ocean currents, winds, temperature, salinity — information critical to things like search and rescue operations, or oil spill cleanups.
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Argo relies on 3,800 high-tech floats that bob around in the ocean, about 180 miles apart, collecting data on sea currents, salinity and water temperatures.
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In the new simulation, Joshi and Stevens modeled planets that were similar to Earth in terms of size, but with oceans featuring varying levels of salinity.
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This aquifer spans nearly 220 miles of the Atlantic Coast from end to end, and could hold at least 670 cubic miles of low-salinity groundwater.
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But it also reduces the salinity of surrounding waters, endangering oysters, which can tolerate brackish water but can die if the salt content is too low.
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Her work will help answer whether life could be there by determining the ocean's depth and salinity, and the thickness of the ice shell above it.
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"We do not have a definition of life that says, 'It can never go beyond this temperature, beyond this salinity, beyond that acidic level,'" Race says.
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Maybe it was not as engaging at first, but its freshness, subtlety, salinity and complexity made each sip a delicious adventure that kept calling for more.
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This week, torrential rains flooded Jakarta for the second time in 2020, while Bangkok last month trucked in drinking water after the encroaching ocean increased salinity.
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This particular part of the ocean is important in the thermohaline circulation, a deepwater global current dictated by differences in temperature and salinity around the world.
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These devices can follow environmental signals, such as temperature, salinity or the optical properties of plankton, just like a hound sniffing out an escaped convict's trail.
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Water scarcity and water salinity - made worse by climate change - are common problems in the region, which is why Bangladesh has given the barrage project top priority.
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Excessive rainfall and freshwater runoff depleted salinity levels in the bay, nearly wiping out the oysters in the bay, according to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.
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This, coupled with farming run-off that has boosted salinity, again threatens wetland wildlife, vegetation and the local Marsh Arabs who have depended on them for millennia.
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The Aurora seemed to be still more concentrated, with even more salinity and minerality than the other two, and with the herbal and citrus flavors as well.
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They have found one, whose natural partner is a grass, which confers drought-, heat- and salinity-resistance when transferred to crops such as maize, rice and wheat.
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Since February, over 260 bottlenose dolphins have been found dead on beaches along the Gulf Coast, bearing lesions and other signs of exposure to low-salinity waters.
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Every ten days, they drop to a depth of 2,000 meters and, as they rise up, collect data on the temperature of salinity of the ocean waters.
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In the last few decades, it has grown increasingly inhospitable, with algae blooms and ever higher salinity killing off fish and birds in huge seasonal die-offs.
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"Even if I order a green juice, I still crave the elements of what make wine or spirits so delicious, especially acidity and salinity," Ms. Santoro said.
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These currents are propelled by a phenomenon called thermohaline circulation that depends, as its name suggests, on the salinity and temperature of seawater, and thus its density.
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Studies show the application of irrigation raised salinity levels in bodies of water, which kill crops as well as the other flora and fauna in the environment.
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Goff's team put the sediment under a microscope and counted the diatoms, which allowed them to determine the temperature, salinity, and energy of the water when they died.
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"People read them - at first curiously, then seriously - and began discussing salinity and pollution as never before," said Poovu, who has written a book about ethical fishing practices.
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The change in salinity levels likely occurred after a tide pushed the fish up farther into Hongcheng Lake in the city of Haikou, state-run People's Daily reported.
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The Pentagon says the unmanned, underwater vehicle (UUV) used unclassified, commercially available technology to collect scientific data about things like the salinity, temperature and clarity of the water.
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The water then evaporates, leaving crusty formations (see picture) coloured both by minerals like iron and copper, and by such algae and bacteria as can survive the salinity.
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"Because K. brevis cannot tolerate low-salinity waters for very long, blooms usually remain in salty coastal waters and do not penetrate upper reaches of estuaries," it says.
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Other instruments will produce high-resolution images of the surface and measure the moon's magnetic field, temperature, atmospheric particles and even the depth and salinity of the ocean.
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Eventually, Scott-Ireton hopes to be able to loan out salinity meters so that divers can take measurements and report back, but that will depend on future funding.
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The floats drop to 2,000 meters, and then collect temperature, salinity and pressure data as they rise to the surface, where they transmit the data to a satellite.
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The spawning takes place after a full moon with timing also thought to be affected by factors including the length of the day and salinity of the water.
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But according to a new report from the United Nations, rising water temperatures and changes to the salinity of the world's oceans is causing the AMOC to weaken.
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Locals have experimented with a variety of rice known as "scuba" that can handle higher levels of salinity and be submerged in water for extended periods of time.
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As water evaporates from the saltwater lake, its salinity increases to eight or 10 times that of the ocean, creating an extreme habitat where few organisms can live.
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Befitting the landscape of the UAE, desertification, aridity, and salinity inspired the six-course meal that was shared among biennial attendees on tables carved out like desertification patterns.
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The research team was collecting data about sea water acidity, salinity and temperature to help them understand how the region will be affected by climate change, particularly ocean acidification.
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The ACCESS program—that'd be the Applied California Current Ecosystem Studies—is testing salinity and observing whales and surveying plankton, all to unravel the mysteries of this delicate ecosystem.
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Sea creatures can make urea too, though—and in sharks this molecule, which they synthesise in their gills, plays a crucial role in stabilising the salinity of their tissues.
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Cheng and his colleagues had figured out that oysters have a specific threshold for low salinity, or salt content in the water, that they need in order to survive.
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Climate change impacts including an increase in sea levels, flooding, salinity, increased CO2 levels, higher temperature, scarcity of water and pests, diseases and weeds could all hit crop yields.
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Marshall said Australia will continue to maintain an ocean observing platform known as the Argo network that provides key data on temperature and ocean salinity, among other observational assets.
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The sea gliders will measure ocean temperatures, salinity and currents to discover how exactly salty, warm water from the Arabian Sea churns with surface water from the Ganges river.
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It's lifelike enough, says creator Tiefeng Li, to fool other fish into embracing it as one of their own, and is being tested to explore or monitor water salinity.
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In total, the study relies on 76,000 temperature and salinity vertical profiles of the water column in the Barents Sea, all taken in the late summer and early fall.
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The floats, which look like human-sized yellow syringes, autonomously nose-dive thousands of meters into the abyss and then resurface, measuring water temperature and salinity along the way.
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The report said KWS's former board of trustees had rejected the relocation three times in part because of the high salinity levels of the drinking water in the park.
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Weather temperatures are regularly record breaking, sea and river levels are rising, the salinity of our oceans is quickly changing, and the behavior of our atmosphere is evermore unpredictable.
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As it does so, the glider records ocean temperature, salinity, and density—vital signs that can give oceanographers a picture of short-term weather conditions and longer-term climate patterns.
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"In Asia we have areas which grow rice along coastal zones, where typhoons bring sea water into the rice fields, so those genetics for salinity resistance is important," he said.
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Researchers at the Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of East Anglia have shown that ocean salinity can have a huge bearing on planetary climate and habitability.
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Also, as salinity increases, the freezing point decreases; the simulated extraterrestrial oceans had less potential to form sea ice and were able to stay ice-free at much lower temperatures.
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The government responded with a $1.4 billion "National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality," but it ultimately proved insufficient to cope with the continuing encroachment of salt on farmland.
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Land degradation—including deforestation, soil erosion, and salinity and pollution of fresh water systems—is also driving species to extinction and aggravating the effects of climate change, the report concludes.
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"I would get in deep discussions with friends there about why it's such an obsession — was it the size of the bubbles, the salinity, the slight citrusy note?" she said.
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"When making a high salinity solution (such as a brine), table salt will dissolve a little faster than kosher salt due to the smaller size of its crystals," he writes.
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The combination of "salinity and pepper is the flavor that jolts you," said Brooks Headley, the chef-owner of Superiority Burger, a vegetarian restaurant in the East Village of Manhattan.
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But according to Burgess, there were some important extenuating circumstances that may have allowed a great white shark to wander inland despite this animal's normal aversion to low salinity environments.
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Because of the high salinity, the fish populations had begun to collapse — it's rumored the last corvina was caught here sometime in the mid-2000s — and fewer birds were coming, too.
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The Pentagon said the UUV was an unclassified piece of equipment conducting routine operations and used around the world to gather "military oceanographic data" including salinity, water temperature and sound speed.
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The '15 Lafarge was rounder and saline, though without the energy of the Pernot, while the '14 De Villaine Bouzeron was rich, full and lip-smacking, with both energy and salinity.
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The findings were as unambiguous as they were startling: A dramatic spike in the salinity of the water—which has been conclusively linked to global warming—was killing acres of trees.
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Centuries of overuse and deforestation have led to "salinity, acidification, and loss of biodiversity" in the Earth's soil, according to the United Nations — consequences that could render land unusable for agriculture.
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Each would then gather about 150 up-and-down profiles as the storm passes over, sending data on temperature and salinity back to Woods Hole and NOAA's National Hurricane Centre via satellite.
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For the new study, which was published today in Nature, the researchers pulled data on ocean salinity, temperature, depth, and oxygen since 1960 from several databases, and mapped it around the world.
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Lead authors Manoj Joshi and David Stevens demonstrated that ocean salinity—a factor not previously considered among scientists—can have a profound effect on a planet's climate and ability to foster life.
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But these evolved animals are far more vulnerable to their surroundings: A simple collision with a tourist or a slight change in the temperature or salinity of the water could prove fatal.
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Some people in the commercial fishing and oyster industries oppose the diversions, which will inevitably bring fresh water into saltier portions of the bays and estuaries and change the balance of salinity.
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The reason for this is that the salty brine sinks to the ocean floor, where plants and other aquatic life struggle to adapt to the rapid increase in the salinity of their environment.
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It turns out, in order to reproduce a feature that look like present-day Sputnik Planum, you need a subsurface ocean more than 100 kilometers thick, with salinity levels of approximately 30 percent.
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"Although crabs farms can be a lifeline against climate impacts they will only aggravate this unsustainable high-salinity" situation, said Pavel Partha, a researcher with the Bangladesh Resource Centre for Indigenous Knowledge (BARCIK).
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The world's best-known jellyfish lake, in the nation of Palau, suffered a dramatic population crash in 2016, most likely because of drought and increased salinity caused by an El Niño weather condition.
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Robert L. Gould, a spokesman for Florida Power & Light, said the company had been working under a consent decree with Miami-Dade County since October to address the high salinity in its canals.
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Because the shape, size and number of salt crystals piling up on the sea bottom vary with the water's salinity, evaporation rate and temperature, the resulting structures also vary in shape, he said.
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"This glacial retreat at Potter Cove releases a mass of fresh water that alters salinity levels and unleashes sediment ... changing the abundance and diversity of wildlife," said Rodolfo Sanchez, director of Argentina's Antarctic Institute.
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New NASA data on water temperature, depth and salinity has helped explain why the rate of ice loss at northwestern Greenland's Tracy glacier is almost four times the rate of the nearby Heilprin glacier.
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Some 167,000ha of rice and tens of thousands of hectares of coffee have been affected by drought and salinity, with the Central Highlands - home to many of Vietnam's ethnic minorities - being the worst hit.
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In the Ilulissat fjord in western Greenland, Holland's team uses native ringed seals fitted with sensors to record depth, temperature, and salinity year-round near the Jakobshavn, the island's fast-flowing river of ice.
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The federal government in Canberra is spending A$2000 billion ($21 billion) buying up and cancelling farmers' water entitlements in a bid to reduce salinity and repair other environmental damage stretching back a century.
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But that alone won't suffice, because water pressure can fluctuate as you descend—it depends in part on the water's density, which changes up and down the water column based on temperature and salinity.
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As salt water encroaches upon areas used for agriculture, he explained, ocean water mingles with farmland and the increased salinity in the soil kills any agricultural prospects, even if the land itself is not submerged.
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Mollusks and pasta are one of the great food marriages, with bivalve salinity offering a perfect counterpoint to the acidity of white wine, tomatoes, and fresh herbs that we're used to finding in lighter sauces.
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Peres wants to "domesticate" a wild species from the Galapagos, which can tolerate extreme environmental conditions such as high salinity and drought—traits that might enhance food security in a future with enormous climate fluctuations.
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He attributed the high salinity levels and the algae bloom to drought conditions in 2013 and 2014, which drastically increased water temperatures in the canals, not to the overhaul of the plant's two nuclear reactors.
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"Particularly for coastal regions such as this, you need varieties that can handle the higher salinity of the soil and groundwater, and are resistant to drought," said Subhashini Sridhar at CIKS in neighboring Nagapattinam district.
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The drone was part of an unclassified program to collect oceanographic data, including salinity in the sea, clarity of water and ocean temperature, factors that can help the military in its collection of sonar data.
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I went to the temples I visit every year; I drank cup after cup of sakura tea, which has a curious salinity, as if it's not tea at all, but a broth made from seawater.
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Together with these devices, plus information about water temperature, salinity, and environmental or e-DNA—genetic material that's collected from the water to reveal the presence of sharks—the team now better understands the cafe's purpose.
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It tracks the salinity and temperature of the water and distance below the surface; this could be used to track either the creature's own preferences or to monitor the waters in which it swims or crawls.
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"Horseshoe crab blood is collected only to a point where the crab naturally stops bleeding," Dubczak said, adding its Asian suppliers and local governments were responsible for ensuring crabs were released into "waters of appropriate salinity".
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In my experience, few wines demonstrate this notion of salinity as well as the whites in the Etna Bianco category, made largely or entirely from carricante grapes grown in the foothills of Mount Etna in Sicily.
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Fedak's one pound tags, about the size of his fist, collect data on temperature, salinity and depth, which are the "key measurements oceanographers need to understand water masses and predict how they will behave," he said.
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Israeli artist Sigalit Landau, 49, has used the high salinity that makes aquatic life in the Dead Sea impossible to create a collection of shiny white sculptures that seem to come out of a fairy tale.
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For the new study, scientists used data collected by a high-tech ocean observing system called Argo, an international network of more than 30,000 robotic floats that continuously measure the temperature and salinity of the water.
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Those downstairs offerings include an 1503-foot lap pool; a smaller, high-salinity pool for easy floating; a half-size basketball court; a two-lane bowling alley; and 2150s-issue video games like Ms. Pac-Man.
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Although halophiles — microbes that thrive in saline conditions — have been identified in Dallol, this new research is the first to focus on microbes thriving in extreme acidity and heat, in addition to salinity, Dr. Gómez said.
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But the country is only able to farm 3-4 million hectares — about a third of its cultivable land — because of water shortages, soil salinity and political instability, according to the U.N.&aposs Food and Agriculture Organization.
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Mangroves once provided a healthy buffer against both salinity intruding into the water table and the heavy winds that drive seawater inland, but population pressure and aquaculture have put paid to a lot of Vietnam's mangrove forests.
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One is Boston-based Indigo, whose researchers are conducting field tests of some of its library of 40,000 microbes to see if they can alleviate stress induced by drought and salinity in cotton, maize, soyabeans and wheat.
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The Argo array currently consists of 3,918 floats which submerge themselves to about 2,000 metres and then return to the surface, measuring temperature and salinity as they rise and fall and sending their data back by satellite.
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Most of the job, in truth, consists of routine maintenance — cleaning tanks, checking salinity levels, changing dirty filter socks — but even so, death, chemical imbalance, chain reaction and ecosystem collapse lurk around every corner and coral stalk.
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The canal will demolish two basins that provide nearly a third of Istanbul's fresh water and will increase the salinity of underground water streams, affecting agricultural land as far away as the neighboring Thrace region, TMMOB said.
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The UAV is armed with sensors to measure the salinity and temperature of the water, and it can measure ocean turbulence and the speed of water currents up to 262 feet (80 meters) above and below its position.
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" This menu is all about linking tastes: "Your oysters already have a lot of salinity, so if you're gonna add salt something you might as well get that Himalayan pink rock salt, some of the best out there.
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The next steps will be to test ways to control where the jellyfish go and develop tiny sensors that could perform long-term measurements of ocean conditions such as temperature, salinity, acidity, oxygen levels, nutrients and microbial communities.
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These factors include, but are not limited to, aquifer type, mineralogy of the aquifer materials, distance of the well from recharge areas, depth of the well, groundwater age, climate, and proximity to sources of salinity, according to the report.
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Image: Steve Davis"It's a concern because we know some of these areas were showing signs of recovery," following a die-off in the summer of 2015 that was triggered by overheated ocean waters and hyper-salinity, he added.
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The drone, which the Pentagon said was operating lawfully and was clearly marked as U.S. property, was collecting data about the salinity, temperature and clarity of the water about 50 nautical miles northwest of Subic Bay, off the Philippines.
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But the catch in Apalachicola, once known as America's oyster capital, is dwindling as less freshwater makes its way to the bay and sea life like oysters, crabs, fish, and shrimp struggle to populate in its high-salinity waters.
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A researcher with the Haikou Oceanic and Fishery Bureau, Lu Yongliang, said the fish came from the larger Nandu River, and were swept into the Hongcheng lake with the tide, where they died from the sudden drop in salinity.
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The water in some areas contains an estimated 413,000 milligrams of total dissolved solids, a measure of salinity, compared to an acceptable level of 2,400 to 2,600, according to Alaa al-Badran, the head of the Agricultural Engineers Syndicate.
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Severe and moderate salinity levels, caused by the disposal of salty water from mines, irrigation systems and homes, affect one in 10 rivers on the three continents, making it harder for poor farmers to irrigate their crops, it said.
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The falling water level also means that the salinity of the water has increased, and since the 1980s, the water has become so concentrated that crystals of salt now accumulate on the bottom in a process called halite precipitation.
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From the air the crew launch special probes through the ice floor, which then transmit data on temperature and salinity, which is used to plot possible sea level rises and what they would mean for humanity in the future.
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But the degradation of their environment — from changes in climate, algae bloom from fertilizer runoff, the corroding of coastal marshland from oil spills and hurricanes, and the changes in salinity of coastal waters from flooding — is taking its toll.
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But increasing salinity of the water throughout the region has set off a chain reaction: In recent years, harvesters from other bays have encountered the same die-off, and have started to poach from the waters of Cedar Key.
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Using dentist drills, they pulverize small pieces and run geochemical analyses of the coral dust to reconstruct changes in the temperature, salinity and acidity of the water around the coral on a monthly basis going back hundreds of years.
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This year's follow-on mission will try to refine the analysis by gathering real-time temperature, salinity, current and wind data to put together a better picture of how the Bay of Bengal makes the weather, propagating bursts and hiatuses.
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Currents are generated and sustained by a number of factors, including density differences in water masses caused by temperature and salinity variations (the more salt that's in the water, the more dense it is), along with gravity and events like earthquakes.
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The OMG mission is aimed at obtaining temperature and salinity data in the vicinity of rapidly melting Greenland glaciers, since it's been shown that relatively mild ocean waters are eroding glaciers' ice shelves from below in both Greenland and Antarctica.
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Last year Paul Allen, a co-founder of Microsoft, announced that he would spend $4m on 33 new Argo floats which could go down far deeper than the current ones, profiling temperature, pressure and salinity to a depth of 6,000 metres.
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"The duration of a bloom in nearshore Florida waters depends on physical and biological conditions that influence its growth and persistence, including sunlight, nutrients and salinity, as well as the speed and direction of wind and water currents," it says.
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"I often have canned baby squid lying around my apartment, so I wanted to give this dish some salinity and oceanic flavor," he said as he popped open a can of txiperones and drizzled olive oil and sherry on top.
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If it were to be inundated by a levee breach, salinity would increase so much that "we'd have to shut down the pumps" carrying water south, said an engineer from Ducks Unlimited (no, really) as he showed us around the site.
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On Tuesday, a meeting of scientists from around the world—including Canada, the US, and France—kicked off in Yokohama, Japan to discuss Argo, a global array of roughly 210,2000 free-floating ocean probes that measure changes in temperature and salinity.
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Another initiative supports research to produce new seed varieties of rice that are resistant to the increased salinity in water due to climate change, which is the largest food crop produced in country and uses 75 percent of agricultural land.
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How your body floats will depend in part on your density (leaner people tend to sink more readily than those with more body fat) and the water's density (heavier, high-salinity water like that in the Dead Sea buoys bodies up).
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Because jellyfish are already adapted to swim the seas, Dabiri says, they might be outfitted with sensors that could relay information about salinity, oxygen levels, and other aspects of water quality, then deployed as part of an enormous underwater sensor array.
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Climate models have suggested that as the world warms the AMOC should weaken somewhat, because warmer water is more buoyant and because more precipitation, coupled with melting of the Greenland ice sheet, should reduce the salinity of the surface waters.
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The group says it would demolish two basins that provide nearly a third of the city's fresh water; increase the salinity of underground streams, harming agricultural land as well to the west; and raise oxygen levels in the Black Sea.
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That was difficult until the past decade, when better technology like that of Argo, a network of 225,219 robotic floats, allowed them to get temperature and salinity data across the globe at depths of 21,500 feet below the sea surface.
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That was difficult until the past decade, when better technology like that of Argo, a network of 3,200 robotic floats, allowed them to get temperature and salinity data across the globe at depths of 6,500 feet below the sea surface.
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