Malaysia has nine royal households, who typically take turns to sit on the throne, and the selection of the next king is decided by a vote in the Council of Rulers, made up of all nine royal households.
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Meghan Markle and Prince Harry have officially split royal households from Prince William and Kate Middleton.
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It was recently announced that Harry and Meghan have official split royal households from William and Kate.
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In separate statements from the three royal households, the family sent messages of condolences and support to "all Australians".
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The news comes amid the announcement that Harry and Meghan have split royal households from Kate Middleton and Prince William.
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The move was then followed by the couples announcement of a separation from their joint Royal Foundation charity, which came after the news that they had split their royal households.
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Malaysia's nine royal households take turns to provide a king, who is chosen through a vote in a Council of Rulers, made up of the nine households, most of which are led by a sultan.
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The firm is one of only 14 to hold royal warrants - a certificate for providing goods and services to the royal households - from the queen, her husband Prince Philip and heir-to-the-throne Prince Charles.
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The couple also invited: • 200 people from a range of charities and organizations; • 100 students from two local schools; • 610 members of the Windsor Castle and St. George's Chapel communities; • 530 members of the Royal Households and Crown Estate.
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The moves are an aim on the part of the Queen and Prince Charles to unite the various royal households — including that of Prince William and Princess Kate — as more responsibility is set to be passed to the younger generations of the royal family in the coming months and years.
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The highlight of the leg in Jordan will happen Sunday, when Prince William meets Crown Prince Hussein, the son of Jordan's King Abdullah II. It's the first time the two young leaders will meet and both royal households no doubt hope it will build a relationship that will be significant in the years to come.
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The royal households of such of European monarchies have a continuous history since medieval times.
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In retirement, Tschumi went to live in Wimbledon where he wrote his memoirs, entitled Royal Chef: Recollections of a Life in Royal Households from Queen Victoria to Queen Mary, which was published in 1954. Gabriel ‘Chummy’ Tschumi died on 27 April 1957.Royal Chef: Forty Years with Royal Households by Gabriel Tschumi (as told to Joan Powe).
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Location of Kerala in India Naduvazhi refers to landlords, chieftains and descendants of royal households in the region now known as Kerala, India.
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April 17, 2010. The FY2019 budget of the Ministry of Royal Households is 6,800 million baht, up from 6,391.4 million baht in FY2018.
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In the modern period, royal households have evolved into entities which are variously differentiated from national governments. Most modern households have become merely titular.
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Sir Harry Lloyd Verney (23 January 1872 – 28 February 1950) was a British courtier who served in successive Royal Households of the United Kingdom.
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Paul Kevin Whybrew, LVO, RVM (born 1959) is Page of the Backstairs to Queen Elizabeth II. He is an employee of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom.
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Elleray, D. Robert (1998). A Millennium Encyclopaedia of Worthing History. Worthing: Optimus Books. The Orchestra toured widely and were invited to play before many of the royal households of Europe.
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Sir James Ulick Francis Canning Alexander (10 February 1889 – 4 April 1973) was a British Army officer, businessman and courtier in several of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom.
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The royal warrant was revoked in 1999 due to a "lack of demand in the royal households". The Warrant seal, which had previously been on the flip lid of the box, was removed.
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William Martel (fl. 1130–1153) was a steward of the royal households of King Henry I and King Stephen of England. He was castellan of Sherborne Castle until 1143. William Martel was of Norman descent.
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Lieutenant Colonel Sir Andrew Charles Ford, GCVO (born 5 February 1957) is a retired British Army officer, and current member of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. From 6 January 2006 to December 2018, he served as Comptroller of the Lord Chamberlain's Office.
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There is not much information regarding his personal life. Vyas is a designation of the Brahman performing religious tasks in royal households or society. He was probably an officer in royal court with this designation. K. M. Munshi portrays him as a poet patronized by the king.
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Even in many royal households, next to the king, dwarfs were allowed to serve and work.Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert: Lache nicht über einen Blinden und verspotte nicht einen Zwerg! : Über den Umgang mit Behinderten im Alten Ägypten. In: Max Liedtke: Behinderung als pädagogische und politische Herausforderung.
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Sparta had a special policy maker, the gerousia, a council consisting of 28 elders over the age of 60, elected for life and usually part of the royal households, and the two kings. High state policy decisions were discussed by this council who could then propose action alternatives to the demos.
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Turin, 1893, page 21-25. Biscarra is further recognized as an excellent portrait painter, and many of his portraits are of the members of the royal households of Sardinia and Savoy. Biscarra is known to have painted two self-portraits. One is on display in the Galleria D'Arte Moderna in Milan (image above).
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Maids of HonourDanish: Hoffrøken; French: Demoiselle d'honneur or Fille d'honneur; German: Hoffräulein; Russian: Hofdevitsa or Freïlina; Spanish: Meninas; Swedish: Hovfröken are the junior attendants of a queen in royal households. The position was and is junior to the lady-in-waiting. The equivalent title and office has historically been used in most European royal courts.
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135, 137. Another supplier, Thomas Burnett, who regularly sold groceries to the royal households, provided sugar candy to the infant Princess Margaret in 1599.National Records of Scotland, Royal household book, E31/17. A marriage was recorded at the West Kirk of St Giles on 30 June 1601 between "Jacques de Bussyne" and Anna Dammaris.
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In 1994, the company was granted a Royal Warrant to manufacture and supply laundry and cleaning products to the Queen. A second warrant was granted in 2013 to supply products to the Prince of Wales. A wide range of products is supplied to the Royal Households, including hand made conservation dusting brushes for art and antiques.
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These mentions, in some cases, are the sole extant references to these active musicians. Brian Trowell has identified many of those named with royal households. There has been significant debate as to the dating of this motet. The earliest dating assumes that it was written for the 1349 founding of the Order of the Garter, this date suggested by Trowell.
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This portrait has been frequently mis-identified as Catherine of Aragon. Two other Sittow paintings of Mary Magdalen (Detroit) and the Virgin Mary (Berlin) may also use the same model, or take the portrait as their starting point – the use of members of royal households as models for sacred figures is found in court art in the Netherlands at this time.
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The occupied royal residences are cared for and maintained by the Property Section of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. The unoccupied royal palaces of England, along with Hillsborough Castle, are the responsibility of Historic Royal Palaces. Unlike the other nations of the United Kingdom, there is no official residence for a member of the royal family in Wales.
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Charles de Limburg Stirum Count Charles Gaëtan Corneille Marie François-Xavier Ghislain de Limburg Stirum (15 September 1906 – 14 June 1989), a Count of the Holy Roman Empire and Knight of the Golden Fleece (Austrian branch), was a member of the House of Limburg-Stirum. During his life he was a Belgian Senator and Grand Master of the Royal Households of King Leopold III.
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371: William Fraser, Memorials of the Earls of Haddington, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1889), p. 61. James had asked him to resolve issues over pay in the royal households in April 1591 after kitchen staff deserted their posts, and he reminded Maitland of promises he had made to Sophie, writing "Suppose we be not wealthy, let us be proud poor bodies".Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol.
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In 1966, North British Rubber was bought by Uniroyal Limited of Greenville, South Carolina. Formerly known as the U.S. Rubber Company, Uniroyal is best known for car tyres and still operates today. In 1976, having continued to supply boots to the royal households, Hunter was awarded a Royal Warrant from the Duke of Edinburgh. This was shortly followed by another from the Queen in 1986.
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Both the mother, as well as the infant, appeared to be in danger. The prayers of Paulinus were offered for the queen and child. After they recovered, 12 of the royal households, as well as the baby, were baptized by Edwin’s permission and request. According to the Kentish Royal Legend, after Edwin's death at the Battle of Hatfield Chase in 633, she returned to Kent.
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The Master of the Household is the operational head (see Chief operating officer) of the "below stairs" elements of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. The role has charge of the domestic staff, from the Royal Kitchens, the pages and footmen, to the housekeeper and their staff. Since 2004 the Office of the Prince of Wales has included a Master of the Household.
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The press backed Mahathir and, in an unprecedented development, started airing allegations of misconduct by members of Malaysia's royal families. As the press revealed examples of the rulers' extravagant wealth, Mahathir resolved to cut financial support to royal households. With the press and the government pitted against them, the sultans capitulated to the government's proposals. Their powers to deny assent to bills were limited by further constitutional amendments passed in 1994.
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In Turkish of the Ottoman era, the harem, i.e., the part of the house reserved for women was called haremlik, while the space open for men was known as selamlık. The practice of female seclusion is not exclusive to Islam, but the English word harem usually denotes the domestic space reserved for women in Muslim households. Some scholars have used the term to refer to polygynous royal households throughout history.
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Marguerite Wood, Extracts from the Burgh Records of Edinburgh: 1589-1603, vol. 6 (Edinburgh, 1927), p. 88. In 1594 Arnot supplied wine and beer to the ambassadors who had come for the baptism of Prince Henry, advanced money for the royal households, and lent money to the royal mint. James VI gave him a valuable gold cup in security for repayment, and the income from various lands for a few years.
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Saheliyon-ki-Bari Saheliyon-ki-Bari or 'Courtyard of the Maidens' is a garden and a popular tourist destination. With fountains, kiosks, a lotus pool and marble elephants, this garden was built from 1710 to 1734 by Maharana Sangram Singh for the royal ladies. This renowned garden is located on the banks of Fateh Sagar Lake and also has a small museum with the collection of royal households.
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Portrait of "Kat" Ashley by an unknown artist. Collection of Lord Hastings In British Royal Households, First Lady of the Bedchamber is the title of the highest of the ladies of the Bedchamber, those holding the official position of personal attendants on a queen or princess. The title had its equivalent in several European royal courts. The position is traditionally held by a female member of a noble family.
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The Royal Almonry is a small office within the Royal Households of the United Kingdom, headed by the Lord High Almoner, an office dating from 1103. The almoner is responsible for distributing alms to the poor. The Lord High Almoner is usually a diocesan bishop or high cleric of the Church of England. The current holder of the office is the Bishop of Worcester, the Right Reverend John Inge.
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This water ritual practice is performed on the banks of Rivers, which is described as a rice-cultivation tract. The history of this ritual practice dates back to the ancient period and was patronised by the Kings and royal households. This ritual practice existed in various historical periods. Aadi is the month for sowing, rooting, planting of seeds and vegetation since it is peak monsoon time when rain is showered in abundance.
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Adalides were required to know their men, the regional terrain, and military tactics. They had to be skilled in provisioning, establishing camps, foraging for wood and food, exercising authority, and developing military intelligence. They served both in the Castilian guard and in the Aragon geneta; they were personal guards within royal households, and fourteenth century leaders of the Almogavars. Similar to knights, they held the same social status, and incurred the same right and punishments.
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The Royal Household Cricket Club is a cricket team representing the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. The club has a cricket field at Frogmore in Windsor, within the Home Park of Windsor Castle. It was founded in 1905 by King Edward VII, who was a keen supporter and granted the club permission to use the royal racing colours of scarlet, purple and gold. The club also uses the royal crown as its emblem.
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Mercantile transactions took place in busy market places. Traders used various modes of selling: hawking their goods from door to door, setting up shops in busy market places or stationing themselves at royal households. Sellers of fish, salt and grain hawked their goods, the textile merchants sold cloths from their shops in urban markets and the goldsmith, the lapidary and sellers of sandalwood and ivory patronised the aristocrats' quarters. Merchants dealt in conches and ivory.
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Sir Edward Young, (born 24 October 1966) is the Private Secretary to Queen Elizabeth II. As Private Secretary to the Sovereign, he is the senior operational member of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. Young was recruited to the Royal Household in 2004, serving as the Queen's Assistant and then Deputy Private Secretary until his promotion to Private Secretary in 2017. He is the 24th holder of the office of Private Secretary since its inception in 1805.
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Sculptures and reliefs attributed to him and his studio have been lost to time, and are sometimes only evidenced by sketches and engravings. His works are a part of the royal households and gardens. Those in the gardens are the largest collections of his works in one place. He viewed his garden decorations as creating an outdoors theatre presentation relating to the surrounding trees of various types, to figure groups of sculptures and to decorative columns and obelisks.
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The present Isara has seven royal households, all direct descendants of Prince Adeyemo of Ife. These are the House of Igan, the House of Rokodo-Erinshiba, the House of Ogunshere-Gbuko, the House of Afonlade, the House of Poke Bi Owu'la, the House of Ayoledoye and the House of Ojo Ko B'oye. In an ancient traditional rotation system, each family takes turns to present its preferred son or candidate to serve as the Odemo of Isara.
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With the 26th Amendment to the Constitution of India, the Government of India abolished official recognition for all titles, classes and privy purses for heads of former princely states. However, many royal households continue succession and generally have limited social influence on their former subjects. The former Kings and Princes do not wield any legislative or jurisdictional power unless elected through general democratic representation. For Makrai, the ceremonial present ruler is Raja Sahib Ajay Kumar Shah, Raja of Makrai.
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The Page of the Backstairs is a head position within the Royal Households of the United Kingdom and is part of several groups of pages overseeing the male staff. Originally "page of the backstairs" was used to describe a page of the bedchamber. During the reign of Queen Anne the page of the bedchamber was awarded by warrants of appointment. From 1760 the term describes a specific group of pages completely different to the pages of the bedchamber.
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The Royal Households of the United Kingdom consists of royal officials and the supporting staff of the British Royal Family, as well as the Royal Household which supports the Sovereign. Each member of the Royal Family who undertakes public duties has their own separate household. When Elizabeth II succeeded her father George VI as sovereign of the United Kingdom, she appointed a new household. The information below is an incomplete list of the senior officers of the Royal Household.
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Some argue that Maya cities were not urban centersSanders and Webster 1988:523-524. but were, instead, structured according to and conceptualized as enormous royal households, the locales of the administrative and ritual activities of the royal court. Within the theoretical framework of this model, they were the places where privileged nobles could approach the holy ruler, where aesthetical values of the high culture were formulated and disseminated, and where aesthetic items were consumed.Sanders and Webster 1988:524.
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Sir Harry Julian Stonor (17 November 1859 – 5 May 1939) was a British courtier who served in several successive Royal Households of the United Kingdom. Stonor was the son of Hon. Francis Stonor, a son of Thomas Stonor, 3rd Baron Camoys, and Eliza Peel, a daughter of Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel. In 1881 he was granted the style and precedence of the younger son of a Baron by Royal Warrant when his brother, Francis, succeeded to his grandfather's barony.
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Kings and their entourages could therefore only support themselves by constantly moving between territories with an obligation to support them, and they maintained networks of halls and accommodation distributed throughout their kingdoms for this purpose. These royal vills also provided points of contact between royal households and local populations. Substantial Anglo-Saxon royal vills have been excavated at sites including Yeavering in Northumbria and at Cowdery's Down in Basingstoke, revealing settlements with large timber halls for feasting purposes and other social venues.
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The list included former government ministers, senior MPs, top police officers, judges, pop music stars, and people with links to the Royal Households. It was uploaded to the internet. In the aftermath of the Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal in October 2012, Labour MP Tom Watson said in the House of Commons he had evidence that there was a "powerful paedophile network linked to Parliament and Number 10". Watson made his comments after having been passed information from the investigative news website Exaro.
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This let the boys become accustomed to hunger, and this prevented hunger from being a problem during battle. Only the heirs apparent of the two Spartan royal households (the Agiads and Eurypontids) were exempt from the process. At around age 12 the boys would enter into an institutionalized relationship with a young adult male Spartan. Plutarch described this form of Spartan pederasty (erotic relationship) wherein somewhat older warriors would engage promising youths in a long-lasting relationship with an instructive motive.
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In the United Kingdom, the Civil List was, until 2011, the annual grant that covered some expenses associated with the Sovereign performing their official duties, including those for staff salaries, State Visits, public engagements, ceremonial functions and the upkeep of the Royal Households. The cost of transport and security for the Royal Family, together with property maintenance and other sundry expenses, were covered by separate grants from individual Government Departments. The Civil List was abolished under the Sovereign Grant Act 2011.
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Jean de Vaudetar, valet to King Charles V of France, presents the king with his gift of an illuminated manuscript by Jean Bondol, who was also a valet de chambre, in 1372. Vaudetar was a nobleman, already in charge of the Louvre palace, who was to progress further at court. Valet de chambre (), or varlet de chambre, was a court appointment introduced in the late Middle Ages, common from the 14th century onwards. Royal households had many persons appointed at any time.
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12, p. 319 Sir Bhagwant Singhji, who reigned from 1888 until his death in 1944, was noted for tax reforms, compulsory education for women, and also for stopping the practice of purdah (female seclusion) at a time when the royal households of India were known for this tradition.Purdah Women TIME, Monday, 24 November 1930. In 1901, Gondal city had a population of 19,592, and was a stop on the branch line between Rajkot and Jetalsar on the Viramgam- Rajkot and Rajkot-Somnath lines.
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Frederick Daniel Hardy was born at Windsor in Berkshire, the third of eight children of George Hardy (1795–1877) and his wife Sarah (1803–1872). George Hardy was a horn player in the Private Band of Music of the Royal Households of George IV, Queen Adelaide and Queen Victoria. Frederick's father was also an amateur artist, taught by James Duffield Harding and Edmund Bristow. F.D. Hardy's ancestors were from Horsforth in Yorkshire; Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, First Earl of Cranbrook, was his second cousin.
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When completed it was one of the largest such globes ever made, and inspired other extravagant globes for royal households. The globe destined for Europe arrived only after his death, and was not appreciated by his successors. In statecraft Karaeng Pattenggalloang steered his country expertly between quarrelling Europeans and Muslims, insisting against Dutch demands for monopoly that his port would remain open to all. Only after his death did Makassar fall under the joint pressure of Bugis rebellion and Dutch military attack.
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It acquired the company of Charles Norris & Co in 1885, which meant Warner held a royal warrant as supplier of silks and velvets to the royal households; it also supplied stately homes, palaces and embassies internationally. It became known formally as Warner & Sons in 1891, when Benjamin Warner's sons Alfred and Frank joined the business. Warner & Sons moved to Braintree, Essex in 1895, joining other well known companies located in the town such as Courtaulds, and taking over buildings already used by the silk industry.
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George Hardy was born at Brighton in Sussex, the eldest of eight children of George Hardy (1795–1877) and his wife Sarah (née Lloyd) (1803–1872). George's father was a horn player in the Private Band of Music of the Royal Households of George IV, Queen Adelaide and Queen Victoria. His father was also an amateur artist, taught by James Duffield Harding and Edmund Bristow. George Hardy’s ancestors were from Horsforth in Yorkshire; Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, First Earl of Cranbrook, was his second cousin.
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The Royal Households of the United Kingdom consists of royal officials and the supporting staff of the British Royal Family, as well as the Royal Household which supports the Sovereign. Each member of the Royal Family who undertakes public duties has his own separate Household. King George V (1865–1936) was created Duke of York in 1892, and received a separate household together with his brother. Courtiers appointed to assist the Prince George of Wales until that year had been part of his parents´ household.
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John Maitland Thomson, Register of the Great Seal: 1580-1593 (Edinburgh, 1888), pp. 715-6. In the 1590s Home presided over an arrangement where clothes and textiles for the royal households were provided by the goldsmith Thomas Foulis and merchant Robert Jousie, partly financed by money sent as a gift or subsidy to James VI by Queen Elizabeth.Jemma Field, 'Dressing a Queen: The Wardrobe of Anna of Denmark at the Scottish Court of King James VI, 1590–1603', The Court Historian, 24:2 (2019), p. 154.
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This is normally taken with roasted coconut chutney, tossed mung bean known locally as , roasted (lentil crackers), (a side dish consisting mainly of root tubers/underground stems, especially during Thiruvathira); sometimes coconut scrapings are also added to the kanji to increase the flavour. The royal households as well as rich people used to have a special kind of called as (lit. 'milk congee') where milk was substituted for water base. During the Malayalam month of Karkkidakam, a medicinal is made using Ayurvedic herbs, milk and jaggery.
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It has been invited to perform at events such as investitures, ceremonies at Royal Households, state banquets and dinners. Its task are unique to the group as it is the first dedicated military ensemble designed for non-traditional instruments. It has performed in a combined setting with its counterparts from the Royal Air Force and Royal Marines: the RAF Music Salon Orchestra and the String Orchestra from the Band of HM Royal Marines Portsmouth. Former Directors of Music include Major Philip Stredweek and Major David Hammond.
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The Bergregal represented a considerable source of income for its owner. The entitlement to a fixed percentage (usually 10%) of the commodity (in the early days of mining usually salt or ore) from each pit, (the so-called mine tithe, Bergzehnt or Fron) formed the basis for the wealth of the great rulers, for example, in the Electorate of Hanover and Duchy of Saxony, helping to finance their expensive royal households. The owner of the Bergregal also had the option of first refusal. This effectively resulted in a monopoly.
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This practice later contracted to the provision of standardized clothing to male servants, often in a colour-scheme distinctive to a particular family. The term most notably referred to the embroidered coats, waistcoats, knee breeches and stockings in 18th-century style, worn by footmen on formal occasions in grand houses. Plainer clothing in dark colours and without braiding was worn by footmen, chauffeurs and other employees for ordinary duties. For reasons of economy the employment of such servants, and their expensive dress, died out after World War I except in royal households.
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King Charles I Robert endeavoured the implementation of the ideas of chivalry; in 1318, he established the Order of Saint George whose membership was limited to 50 knights. He also set up the body of "knights-at-the-court" (, ) who acted as his personal delegates on an ad hoc basis. Thenceforward, most of the "barons of the realm" were appointed among the knights-at-the court. Before being knighted, children of the upper nobility could serve as pages (, ) in the Royal Households, and when they grow up they became "juveniles-at-the court" (, ).
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It was an ideal way of meeting the needs of customers in isolated rural locations who were either too busy or unable to get into Newtown to shop. It was Britain's first large scale mail order business. The further expansion of the railways in the years that followed allowed Pryce Jones to take orders from further afield and his business grew rapidly. He built up an impressive list of customers – among them Florence Nightingale as well as Queen Victoria, the Princess of Wales and royal households across Europe.
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The Leonberger dog became popular with several European royal households, including Napoleon II, Empress Elisabeth of Austria, the Prince of Wales, Otto Von Bismarck, Emperor Napoleon III, and Umberto I of Italy. Essig's claim of breeding the dog as described is disputed. Records from as early as 1585 may indicate the existence of Leonberger-type dogs; documents dating from 1601 held by the Metternich family describe similar dogs used to deter the theft of livestock. Either way, no doubt exists that Essig named and registered the breed first.
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An opponent of government excess in a time of unemployment and high taxation, he also voted against the army estimates and opposed the Civil List in May. With a County Meeting on 5 April 1817, Coke spoke on the King's intent on "overturning democracy and enslaving the country" by restricting freedom of speech and the press, suggesting that the government needed to be removed.Martins (2009) p. 142. Returning to Parliament in 1818, he argued against the Royal Households Bill and introduced a Game Law Amendment Bill, which was defeated.
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The Master of the Jewel Office was a position in the Royal Households of England, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United Kingdom. The office holder was responsible for running the Jewel House, which houses the Crown Jewels. This role has, at various points in history, been called Master or Treasurer of the Jewel House, Master or Keeper of the Crown Jewels, Master or Keeper of the Regalia, and Keeper of the Jewel House. In 1967, the role was combined with Resident Governor of the Tower of London.
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The Royal Households of the United Kingdom are the collective departments which support members of the British royal family. Many members of the Royal Family who undertake public duties have separate households. They vary considerably in size, from the large Royal Household which supports the Sovereign to the household of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, with fewer members. In addition to the royal officials and support staff, the Sovereign's own household incorporates representatives of other estates of the Realm, including the Government, the Military, and the Church.
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While vinegar making may be as old as alcoholic brewing, the first documented evidence of vinegar making and use was by the ancient Babylonians around 3000 BC. They primarily made vinegar from dates, figs, and beer and used it for both culinary and medicinal purposes. Traces of it also have been found in Egyptian urns. In East Asia, the Chinese began professionalizing vinegar production in the Zhou Dynasty. In the book Zhou Li, it mentions many noble or royal households had a “vinegar maker” as a specialized position.
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Michael died sometime after 1212; his widow married Michael Hahót later. Michael's sons, Hencse II and Virunt, and their cousin, Henry II were patrons of the Kapornak Abbey in 1237. Brothers John I and Wolfer II, whose parentage is uncertain, possessed portions in the northeast part of the lordship, near Prosznyákfalva (today a borough in Prosenjakovci, Slovenia). Summarizing, the sporadic data from the end of the 12th century and the beginning of the 13th century clearly state that Wolfer's branch had possessions on the originally uninhabited borderlands, along the lines of defense, or ones close to royal households.
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The household was run by a chamberlain, while a treasurer took care of the estate's written records. Royal households took essentially the same form as baronial households, although on a much larger scale and the positions were more prestigious. An important role of the household servants was the preparation of food; the castle kitchens would have been a busy place when the castle was occupied, called on to provide large meals. Without the presence of a lord's household, usually because he was staying elsewhere, a castle would have been a quiet place with few residents, focused on maintaining the castle.
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The early 14th-century CE traveller of Pordenone mentions wife burning in Zampa (Champa), in nowadays south/central Vietnam. Anant Altekar states that sati spread with Hindu migrants to Southeast Asian islands, such as to Java, Sumatra and Bali. According to Dutch colonial records, this was however a rare practice in Indonesia, one found in royal households. Description of the Balinese rite of self-sacrifice or Suttee, in Frederik de Houtman's 1597 Verhael vande Reyse ... Naer Oost Indien In Cambodia, both the lords and the wives of a dead king voluntarily burnt themselves in the 15th and 16th centuries.
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An Arabic manuscript, dated 1200CE, titled Anatomy of the Eye, authored by al- Mutadibih. Ophthalmology was one of the foremost branches in medieval Islamic medicine. The oculist or kahhal (کحال), a somewhat despised professional in Galen’s time, was an honored member of the medical profession by the Abbasid period, occupying a unique place in royal households. Medieval Islamic scientists (unlike their classical predecessors) considered it normal to combine theory and practice, including the crafting of precise instruments, and therefore found it natural to combine the study of the eye with the practical application of that knowledge.
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As one of the first companies to be awarded the Royal Warrant at the beginning of Queen Elizabeth II's reign in 1958, Brintons has continued to supply carpets and designs for a range of projects for the Queen, Buckingham Palace and other Royal households. The firm faced financial difficulties in 2011, its 228th year, and was acquired by The Carlyle Group in September of that year. In August 2015, Brintons acquired F.D Agnella, a Polish manufacturer and supplier of carpets and rugs. Brintons has one of the world's largest commercial design archives and historical pattern libraries in the industry, which dates back to the late 18th century.
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France and Scotland agreed to defend each other in the event of an attack on either from England in several treaties, the most notable of which were in 1327 and 1490. There had always been intermarriage between the Scottish and French royal households, but this solidified the bond between the royals even further.Norman Macdougall, An Antidote to the English: The Auld Alliance, 1295–1560 (2001) Scottish historian J. B. Black took a critical view, arguing regarding the alliance: :The Scots...love for their 'auld' ally had never been a positive sentiment nourished by community of culture, but an artificially created affection resting on the negative basis of enmity to England.J.B. Black, The Reign of Elizabeth 1558–1603, (2nd ed.
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In 1516, she married the Florentine banker Antoine (Antonio or Guidobaldo) Gondi (1486–1560), who had emigrated to France in 1506. Antoine de Gondi was a member of the Italian Gondi family, who was to make a great career in the offices of the royal households under the patronage of Catherine de Medici, and the marriage between Marie Catherine and Antoine de Gondi is estimated to have been the beginning of the Gondi party's rise at court. Marie Catherine Gondi was the mother of ten children, many of whom made careers within the royal court, most notably Albert de Gondi (who married Claude Catherine de Clermont). Marie Catherine Gondi became a leading figure in Lyon.
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The Parliament of Scotland observed that Foulis and Joussie had incurred debts for the royal clothing, jewels, ready money, and other outlays. Walter Stewart, 1st Lord Blantyre was asked to give them rights over the mint to recoup their funds, and the comptroller George Home of Wedderburn promised to supply the royal households (for James, Anna, Prince Henry, and Princess Elizabeth), and repay Foulis and Jousie and their creditors in installments.The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707, K.M. Brown et al eds (St Andrews, 2007-2020), 1598/6/13 Foulis and Jousie gave a statement of their debts to Parliament which included £145,700 and interest on that sum to £33,000 Scots.
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Kitchell, K.F. 2013: Animals in the Ancient Word from A to Z. By the 13th century AD, the aurochs' range was restricted to Poland, Lithuania, Moldavia, Transylvania, and East Prussia. Archeological data indicate that they survived in Bulgaria, in the northeastern part of the country and around Sofia, until the 16th - 17th century, in northwestern Transylvania until 14th - 16th century AD and in Romanian Moldavia till probably the beginning of the 17th century AD, almost at the same time as in Poland. In Poland, the right to hunt large animals on any land was restricted first to nobles, and then gradually, to only the royal households. As the population of aurochs declined, hunting ceased altogether.
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Pryce Jones and the Royal Welsh Warehouse Powys - A day in the life The further expansion of the railways in the years that followed allowed Pryce Jones to greatly expand his customer base and his business grew rapidly. He supplied his products to an impressive variety of famous clientele, including Florence Nightingale and Queen Victoria, the Princess of Wales and royal households across Europe. He also began exporting drapery to the US and British colonies. One of his most popular products was the Euklisia Rug, the forerunner of the modern sleeping bag, which Pryce-Jones exported around the world, at one point landing a contract with the Russian Army for 60,000 rugs.
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The Royal Households of the United Kingdom consists of royal officials and the supporting staff of the British Royal Family, as well as the Royal Household which supports the Sovereign. Each member of the Royal Family who undertakes public duties has his own separate Household. King Edward VII (1841–1910) was created Prince of Wales shortly after his birth, and his household was known as the Household of the Prince of Wales from 1841. Upon his marriage in 1863, he and his wife shared the Household of the Prince and Princess of Wales until their accession as King and Queen in January 1901, but several appointments were to either the Prince or the Princess (e.
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In 1897, Farrow & Jackson became a limited liability company with Algernon Brooker Jackson as managing director. The 1898 centenary catalogue of Farrow & Jackson Limited fills nearly 200 pages with supplies that now include necessities for catering and for "iced drink sundries." Nine pages are devoted to their specialty, wine bins, which by that time had been supplied to a number or royal households including Buckingham Palace, St James's Palace, Marlborough House, Sandringham House, York House and Clarence House. In 1902, Farrow & Jackson published "American and Other Iced Drinks" featuring recipes for cocktails and illustrations of the necessary hardware to make them. The 1922 catalogue emphasizes the company's supplying the "Mineral Water, Bottling, Catering, and Hotel and Restaurant Trades".
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Civil and criminal cases were decided by a group of officials known as the ephors, as well as a council of elders known as the gerousia. The gerousia consisted of 28 elders over the age of 60, elected for life and usually part of the royal households, and the two kings.The Greeks at War By Philip De Souza, Waldemar Heckel, Lloyd Llewellyn- Jones, Victor Davis Hanson High state decisions were discussed by this council, who could then propose policies to the damos, the collective body of Spartan citizenry, who would select one of the alternatives by vote.The Politics By Aristotle, Thomas Alan Sinclair, Trevor J. SaundersA companion to Greek studies By Leonard Whibley Royal prerogatives were curtailed over time.
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The Hebrew Bible contains a complex chronicle of the Kings of Israel and Judah, written over the course of many generations by authors whose relationships and intimacy with the rulers of the several kingdoms fluctuated widely in both intimacy and respect. Some historical passages of the Hebrew Bible contain intimate portrayals of the inner workings of the royal households of Saul, David and Solomon. The accounts of subsequent monarchs are frequently more distanced and less detailed and frequently begin with the judgment that the monarch "did evil in the sight of the Lord". The Christian New Testament instead begins with the story of Jesus, crucified as a criminal who had offended both the Jewish priesthood and the Roman imperial authorities.
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In the current Royal Households of the United Kingdom, a Lady-in- Waiting is a woman attending a female member of the Royal Family. A woman attending on a Queen Regnant or Queen Consort is often (informally) known by the same title, but is more formally styled either: Woman of the Bedchamber, Lady of the Bedchamber or Mistress of the Robes, depending on which of these offices she holds. The Women are in regular attendance, but the Mistress of the Robes and the Ladies of the Bedchamber are normally required only for ceremonial occasions. The phrase Lady-in-Waiting to The Queen has, however, been used in formal documents to denote which of the Women is actually "on duty" at any one time.
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Commander Sir Ernest Dudley Gordon Colles (5 April 1889 – 13 July 1976) was an Irish Royal Navy officer and courtier, who served in the Royal Households of George VI and Elizabeth II. Colles was educated at Winchester College and was commissioned into the Royal Navy in 1906. He served as a Naval Paymaster for 26 years, and saw active in the First World War. He became an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in June 1919. He subsequently became Secretary to the Third Sea Lord and Second Sea Lord, followed by a period serving as the Secretary to the Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station. Colles retired as a Paymaster Commander in 1932.DNW Auctioneers (Lot 1117, 25-26 JUNE 2014) Retrieved 22 October 2015.
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In 2016 the local newspaper the News and Star stated that it had been reopened with a £1 million Government grant. In March 2012, it was announced that Carr's Table Water Biscuits had lost their royal warrant due to 'changing tastes' in the Royal Households. Carr's promptly licensed the coat of arms of the City of Carlisle to replace the coat of royal arms on their packaging. In January 2016 United Biscuits announced that the factory in Caldewgate, Carlisle, had experienced 5 feet of floodwater on 6 December which damaged the brick ovens and would result in product shortages on retail shelves.The Independent, 22 January 2016, Carr’s water biscuit shortage looms after factory hit by UK floodsThe Guardian, 21 Jan 2016, Too wet for water biscuits as Carr's pauses production.
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Famous clients include the British Royal Family, members of visiting Royal Households, business leaders, Members of Parliament, Frank Sinatra, Winston Churchill, Charles Dickens, John Wayne, various Ambassadors and the diplomatic service and visiting dignitaries. The C.A.R. hair lotion was a favourite with 'Captain' Hartman -director of Lendrum & Hartman Limited, who was fetched from the shop in Bond Street by his staff to serve the Prince of Wales (Duke of Windsor). Maud Coleno's Daughter, John Dann, Troubador, 2017,page 200 Another ardent user of C.A.R. was Josslyn Hay, 22nd Earl of Erroll, part of the so called Happy Valley set in Kenya in 1941. Maud Coleno's Daughter, John Dann, Troubador, 2017, page 350 Today, Truefitt & Hill holds a Royal Warrant by appointment to the Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
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In addition to Esquires of the Body, there were also Knights of the Body in late medieval English royal households. The eighteenth-century antiquarian Samuel Pegge wrote that Knights of the Body were Esquires of the Body who had been knighted and that sometimes one Knight of the Body could stand in for two Esquires of the Body.Samuel Pegge, Curalia: Or, An Historical Account of Some Branches of the Royal Household: Part 1 (J. Nichols, 1782), p. 14. Josiah Wedgwood and Anne Holt also state in their History of Parliament ... 1439–1509 that Esquires of the Body who were knighted became Knights of the Body.Josiah Wedgwood and Anne D. Holt, History of Parliament: Biographies of the Members of the Commons House, 1439–1509 (Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1936), p. xxx.
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General Staff–qualified officers alternated between line and staff duties but remained lifelong members of this special organization. Until the end of the German Empire, social and political convention often placed members of noble or royal households in command of its armies or corps but the actual responsibility for the planning and conduct of operations lay with the formation's staff officers. For other European armies which lacked this professionally trained staff corps, the same conventions were often a recipe for disaster. Even the Army of the Second French Empire, whose senior officers had supposedly reached high rank as a result of bravery and success on the battlefield, was crushed by the Prussian and other German armies during the Franco-Prussian War in the campaigns of 1870–1871, which highlighted their poor administration and planning, and lack of professional education.
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Nicholas Gainsford, also written Gaynesford or Gaynesforde, (about 1427–1498) of Carshalton, Surrey, of an armigerous gentry family established at Crowhurst, was a Justice of the Peace, several times Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, Constable and Keeper of Odiham Castle and Park, Hampshire, who served in the royal households from around 1461 until his death in 1498. Rising to high office during the reign of Henry VI, he was an Usher to the Chamber of Edward IV and, by 1476, to his queen Elizabeth Woodville. Closely within the sphere of Woodville patronage, he was a favourer of Edward V, and was a leader in the Kentish rising of 1483 against Richard III. He was attainted in 1483, but was soon afterwards pardoned, and fully regained his position and estate as Esquire to Henry VII and Elizabeth of York after the Battle of Bosworth Field.
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King Saint Stephen (1000/1001-1038) The kings' (and their queens') retinues and the Royal Households became the centres where the merger of the tribal aristocracy and the immigrant knights occurred (mainly by inter- marriages) in the course of the 11-12th centuries.The decrees of King Stephen I contain clear references to the "men distinguished by birth and dignity" (, ) who can be identified with the immigrant knights and the members of the tribal aristocracy who held the highest offices at his court and in the royal administration. They formed, together with the prelates, the Royal Council (, ) which became the highest forum of political decision-making in the kingdom. Nevertheless, the monarchs remained the biggest landowners in the country until the end of the 12th century and the scattered lands owned even by the wealthiest members of the kings' retinues did not form contiguous geographical units in the kingdom.
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The hereditary heads of counties were entitled, similarly to the "counts of the Holy Roman Empire", to use red sealing was. Moreover, during his reign, all the members of the wealthier families descending from the "barons of the realm" received the honorific magnificus which was a next step towards their separation from other nobles. Vladislaus II the "Dobže" (1490-1516) In 1487, a new expression appeared in a deed of armistice signed by King Matthias: 18 familiesThe families Bánfi de Alsólendva, Báthory, de Corbavia (Korbáviai), Ellerbach, Ernuszt, Garai, Frankopan (Frangepán), Héderváry, Losonci, Móric de Meggyesalja, Ország de Gut, Paksi, Paumkirchner, Perényi, Rozgonyi, Szapolyai, Szentgyörgyi, Újlaki (Fügedi, Erik op. cit. p. 385). were referred to as "natural barons of Hungary" (, ) in contrast to the "barons of the realm" who were still the holders of the highest offices in the public administration and the Royal Households.
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Food render or food rent (Old English: foster) was a form of tax in kind (Old English: feorm) levied in Anglo-Saxon England, consisting of essential foodstuffs provided by territories such as regiones, multiple estates or hundreds to kings and other members of royal households at a territory's royal vill. The early medieval British Isles lacked the sophisticated trade in essential foodstuffs that had supported the urban economies of Roman Britain, and which would be necessary to support large agriculturally unproductive households remaining static in a single location. Kings and their entourages therefore constantly toured the subdivisions of their kingdoms, staying at networks of royal properties where they could expect to be supported by the territory's inhabitants. In the words of historian Thomas Charles-Edwards: "it made much more sense to take a royal household to the food than the food to the royal household".
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Purse at Weston Park, used by Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Bt, who was Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, 1667–72 The Purse bearer is an official in the Royal Households of the United Kingdom, and based in the Ministry of Justice. The use of a special purse or burse to hold the Great Seal of the Realm, the Lord Chancellor's symbol of Office, can be traced as far back as the end of the 13th Century. The purse is solemnly carried before the Lord Chancellor in procession on State occasions. It no longer contains the Great Seal which now reposes at the Palace of Westminster; it is however used by the Lord Chancellor to convey the signed copy of the Queen's Speech printed on vellum, from the Queen's Robing Room to the steps of the Throne in the Chamber of the House of Lords, at every State Opening of Parliament.
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Web article by Jennifer Cunningham, 14 Feb 2005 Edward VII's 1902 coronation banquet included sole poached in Chablis garnished with oysters and prawns, a quail and a third of "a very plump" roasting chicken (per person), asparagus with Hollandaise, roast beef, snipe cutlets, a soufflé Parmesan, and a strawberry dessert that took three days to assemble. The 250 guests were each given a handmade sugar crown as a table favor.Royal Chef: Forty Years with Royal Households by Gabriel Tschumi (as told to Joan Powe). Tschumi was also responsible for the wedding breakfast for The Duke and Duchess of York on April 26, 1923, featuring: Consommé à la Windsor, Suprèmes de Saumon Reine Mary, Côtelettes d’Agneau Prince Albert, Chapons à la Strathmore and Fraises Duchesse Elizabeth.The Queen Mother, by William Shawcross, page 179 Members of the Royal family insisted on using an affectionate Anglicized version of his last name, uniformly calling him ‘Chummy’.
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Recalling his arrival at Buckingham Palace to start as a kitchen apprentice, Tschumi described the Royal chef M. Menager (equivalent to chef de cuisine in a restaurant at the time), who had eighteen chefs working under him, eight of whom had their own tables in different parts of the kitchen. "These, I found out, were the master cooks, some of whom one day might rise to the position of chef, with large staffs of their own, In the meantime they worked under M. Menager's supervision ...... assisted by the heads of other sections, the two pastry cooks, two roast cooks, bakers, confectioners' chefs and two larder cooks. Then, in diminishing order of importance, came two assistant chefs, eight kitchen maids, six scullery maids, six scourers, and finally the four apprentices." Royal Chef: Forty Years with Royal Households by Gabriel Tschumi (as told to Joan Powe). Tschumi was successively promoted to Second Assistant Cook in 1905, Assistant Cook in 1906; Sixth Chief Cook in 1911; and Fifth Chief Cook 1918-19.
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There were some female equivalents, such as the portrait miniaturist Levina Teerlinc (daughter of Simon Bening), who served as a gentlewoman in the royal households of both Mary I and Elizabeth I, and Sofonisba Anguissola, who was court painter to Philip II of Spain and art tutor with the rank of lady-in-waiting to his third wife Elisabeth of Valois, a keen amateur artist.Perlingieri, Ilya Sandra, "Lady in Waiting", Art and Antiques, April 1988 During the Renaissance, the regularly required artistic roles in music and painting typically began to be given their own offices and titles, as Court painter, Master of the King's Music and so forth, and the valets mostly reverted to looking after the personal, and often the political, needs of their patron. In fact Jan van Eyck, one of the many artists and musicians with the rank of valet in the Burgundian court, was already described as a painter as well as a valet. In England the artists of the Tudor court, as well as the musicians, had other dedicated offices to fill, so that artistic valets or Grooms were mainly literary or dramatic.
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