There's no reason to think Sweetbitter is a roman à clef.
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Robert Penn Warren's roman à clef about Louisiana's Huey Long still resonates.
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The Souvenir is a roman à clef for Hogg, based closely on her own youthful experiences.
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This paradox lies at the heart of Biza's novel — which, alas, is a roman à clef.
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"Huge in France" is Elmaleh's television roman à clef, complete with a cameo from Seinfeld refuting the comparison.
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But even if it's not a roman à clef, Paris Can Wait is obviously still rooted in Coppola's experience.
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The kind of roman à clef reading determining biographical facts in fiction is not a good way to read.
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Tickets are $2 with a student ID. March 1983: Nora Ephron's roman à clef "Heartburn" manages to make divorce hilarious.
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Here he suddenly becomes the MMA version of Rachel Samstat, Nora Ephron's alter-ego in her roman-à-clef novel Heartburn.
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Roth wrote in the Times Book Review that "The Plot Against America" was not intended as a political roman à clef.
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He was already working on it in 1975 when Bellow published "Humboldt's Gift," his acclaimed roman à clef about him and Schwartz.
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It was about a lapsed author emancipated from her husband by writing a successful roman à clef based on her passionate sex life.
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Halliday has written, somehow all at once, a transgressive roman à clef, a novel of ideas and a politically engaged work of metafiction.
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Two weeks ago, at a dinner for the artist Julia Wachtel, the roman à clef "The Devil Wears Prada" came up in conversation.
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Other reporters recalled the 1990s-era efforts to unmask the author of "Primary Colors," a roman à clef about Bill Clinton's 1992 presidential campaign.
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But author Jason Lutes had no such roman à clef in mind when he set to work on his epic graphic novel series Berlin.
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Furst vividly depicts figures from the period, sometimes under their own names (the radical attorney William Kunstler) and sometimes sporting roman-à-clef tags.
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"Postcards From the Edge" was Ms. Fisher's roman à clef that portrayed Ms. Reynolds as a kind of nonchalant, casually narcissistic gorgon of a mother.
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Ever since, it's been too tempting to read everything the columnist has written as an unspooling roman à clef of his divorce and May-September romance.
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An Algerian-French production but a massive roman à clef against recent events surrounding the authoritarian government in Greece, it remains an urgent, electrifying political thriller.
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The affair began in 1947 and was immortalized seven years later in Beauvoir's roman à clef, "The Mandarins," where Algren appears as the American writer Lewis Brogan.
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In this savagely funny roman à clef, Ephron skewered her then-husband, the journalist Carl Bernstein, who had an affair when she was pregnant with their second child.
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The novelist Joyce Carol Oates attempted to do that with Chappaquiddick in her novel "Black Water," a roman à clef and a meditation on male power and female vulnerability.
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Having published a racy, successful roman à clef in her 20s, she now teaches part time at an arts college and wonders what happened to her once-complex identity.
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The best revenge, for Dina, is that she begins work on a novel — a roman à clef that will push voodoo pins into Howard the editor and Newman the critic.
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In the film, which is directed by Mike Nichols and based on Joe Klein's roman à clef of the same name, Emma Thompson plays Susan Stanton—the Hillary of the story.
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When the novel Primary Colors, a roman à clef about Clinton's 1992 campaign, was published in January of that year, political and journalistic insiders conjectured about the identity of the anonymous author.
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That such details were authentic was vexing to Montesquiou, because some readers would hear the clicking latch of a roman à clef and assume that everything else in the novel was true too.
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I honestly do see it kind of more broadly as a satire of the whole startup world, although my boss, Ben Smith, was like, "Oh, is this a …" Is it a roman à clef?
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But here he offers a roman à clef filled with the unverified gossip, overheard conversations, and rumors of nooners and backbiting that were unsuitable to fact-based history (though a few historical figures occupy the margins).
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But "Postcards From the Edge," her 1987 roman à clef about a movie star named Suzanne Vale with a cocaine problem and a difficult movie-star mom, bristles with a bravery and candor that still feels groundbreaking.
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One of the most unjustly maligned movies of the new century, this LA-set sci-fi epic is a feverish roman à clef against Bush-era America, which also foretold the the unreality of the Trump era.
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And one of the most buzzed-about films in this year's program is Brazil's Bacurau, a strident roman à clef against the Bolsonaro government, which is already waging a legal battle against co-director Kleber Mendonça Filho.
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The tangiest literary-world roman à clef to emerge from the '80s — it is almost certainly the best of the past four decades — is "Elbowing the Seducer" (1984), the first novel from a writer named T. (for Trudy) Gertler.
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Having read my share of Mitfordiana, including David Pryce-Jones's 1977 study of Unity and Selina Hastings's brilliant 20143 biography of Nancy (whose popular 1945 book "The Pursuit of Love" was a mythmaking roman à clef), I had my doubts.
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Chuck Kinder, who turned his friendship with Raymond Carver into a roman à clef, and whose long struggle to birth that book inspired a novel by one of his former students, Michael Chabon, died on May 21975 in South Miami, Fla.
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Now Delaney is back with a roman à clef set in a thinly-veiled Malheur National Wildlife Refuge (Delaney renamed it the Bill Maher Memorial Wildlife Refuge), where our protagonist, Cap, searches for meaning and self-discovery amongst the hairy, flabby, horny occupiers.
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In 2003, Lauren Weisberger's buzzy fashion-magazine roman à clef "The Devil Wears Prada" was No. 4; in 2018, her new novel, "When Life Gives You Lululemons," which continues the story of a character from "The Devil Wears Prada," is at No. 9.
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As their success grew, so did curiosity about Ms. Ferrante's identity, which gave rise to amateur literary sleuthing at a level not seen since the unmasking of Joe Klein as the author of "Primary Colors," a roman à clef about Bill Clinton's 1992 presidential campaign.
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This is a first novel that reads like the work of an author who has published many books over many years, and it manages to be, all at once, a transgressive roman à clef, a novel of ideas and a politically engaged work of metafiction.
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The novel, less a political story than one of a family unraveling, is loosely a roman à clef; Gekoski writes in the acknowledgments that his tale is inspired by the story of his own childhood, and that he tried and failed to write it as a memoir.
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He was a prolific writer, famous, among other things, for inventing the true crime novel and for writing a serialized roman à clef so scandalous that he had to abandon it halfway through or risk being dropped by his wealthy friends after he revealed all their sordid secrets.
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A confirmation bias is at work, and the belief to be confirmed is that a book by MacKenzie Bezos — one half of the richest couple in the world, partner to a man who has exploded paradigms of retail, labor, even capitalism itself, and upended the very industry that publishes her books — just has to be a roman à clef.
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But Washington was deeply engaged in the same sort of speculation that absorbed the capital about "Deep Throat" and, in later eras, the anonymous author of "Primary Colors," a roman à clef about Bill Clinton's scandal-tarred 1992 presidential campaign or the White House official under Barack Obama who posted anonymous Twitter messages mocking his colleagues.
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Lady Bird is about a year younger than Gerwig (and me, incidentally), and though Gerwig's insisted in interviews that the film isn't a roman à clef, she renders Lady Bird's senior year — and the texture of the city where she lives — with such loving detail that it's obvious how much of it is rooted in a shared reality with her character.
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Is it any wonder that the addiction memoir (made modish in the 22015s and 22020s by Charles Jackson's thinly veiled roman à clef, "The Lost Weekend," and "Junky," by William S. Burroughs; revived in the 20133s and 22013s with "Permanent Midnight," by Jerry Stahl, "Drinking: A Love Story," by Caroline Knapp, "Lit," by Mary Karr, and "Night of the Gun," by David Carr) is surging yet again?
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The author of historical novels based on the lives of Anne Morrow Lindbergh ("The Aviator's Wife") and Alice Liddell ("Alice I Have Been"), Benjamin now turns to something more scandalous in "The Swans of Fifth Avenue": Capote's publication of "La Côte Basque 1965," the first installment of a planned Proustian roman à clef airing the secrets of his socialite friends, including Gloria Vanderbilt and Babe Paley.
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Herman Bang's Stucco, a roman à clef, contains a mocking description of the Casino Theatre.
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A Far Cry from Kensington is a novel (roman à clef) by British author Muriel Spark published in 1988.
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The second — The Eden Tree (1971) — was a roman à clef about his family and youth in West Virginia which scandalized his hometown upon publication.
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The Wall Street Journal, review, "The 1949 film adaptation brought black-and-white realism to the roman à clef", September 23, 2006. Accessed: July 22, 2013.
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Moore's grandson Kevin McEnroe (son of Tatum O'Neal and John McEnroe) wrote a roman à clef about her, which was titled Our Town and published in 2015.
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Felix Guattari and Nan Goldin also make appearances, among other cultural figures, though Kraus's use of "reality" comes to more subversive effect than a simple roman à clef.
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In April 1985 Korda published Queenie, a roman à clef about his aunt, actress Merle Oberon, who had married his uncle Alexander Korda. In May 1987, Queenie aired in two parts on ABC.
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The term was later used about other royalty who had been made powerless, also in other countries, but lost its meaning when parliamentarism made all royals powerless. ; roman à clef: lit. "novel with a key": an account of actual persons, places or events in fictional guise."This roman à clef sets out to recount the struggle between the media moguls Robert Maxwell [...] and Rupert Murdoch," "Review by Laurence Meyer of Jeffrey Archer's The Fourth Estate", International Herald Tribune, July 31, 1996.
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Wigs on the Green is a 1935 satirical novel by Nancy Mitford. A roman à clef, it is notable for lampooning British Fascism, specifically political enthusiasms of Mitford's sisters Unity Mitford and Diana Mosley.
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Popova, Maria, The Lonely City: Adventures in the Art of Being Alone, Brain Pickings. Retrieved 27-06-18. Laing's first novel, Crudo, is a roman-à-clef about the politically turbulent summer of 2017.
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Rice appears (his name partially disguised) in A Doffed Coronet, an anonymous 1902 roman à clef authored by Marguerite Cunliffe-Owen.Anon (Cunliffe-Owen, Marguerite) A Doffed Coronet: a true story, Harper Brothers, New York 1902, pp349-350.
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Valley of the Dolls is considered a roman à clef, with its characters based on famous figures such as Judy Garland, Carole Landis, Dean Martin, and Ethel Merman.Collins, Amy Fine. Once Was Never Enough. Vanity Fair, January 2000.
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Winterbottom was previously married to Sabrina Broadbent, with whom he has two daughters. After their divorce, Broadbent wrote her debut novel, Descent: An Irresistible Tragicomedy of Everyday Life, a roman à clef about their marriage. Winterbottom is an atheist.
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Rodgers wrote Fourth and Long Gone, a novel published in 1985 that is a bawdy roman à clef of his experiences as a college football coach and recruiter. He also wrote Pepper!: The autobiography of an unconventional coach with Al Thomy.
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The Gang That Couldn't Shoot Straight is a 1969 novel by Jimmy Breslin. It is a roman à clef based on the life of Joey Gallo. It was adapted into the 1971 film of the same name, directed by James Goldstone.
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Dolores is the final novel of American writer Jacqueline Susann. Published by William Morrow in 1976, it is a roman à clef based on the life of Jacqueline Kennedy.Clifford, Garry. Mr. Jacqueline Susann Honors His Late Wife by Hawking Her Final Book.
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163 Roberta Rubenstein singles out the last two chapters as unique. She reads "Getting-off-the-Farm" and "Servant Problems" as appendices to "the process of filial reconciliation."Roberta Rubenstein, Literary Half-Lives. Doris Lessing, Clancy Sigal and 'Roman à Clef', Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2014, p.
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Manley became well-known, even notorious, as a novelist with the publication of her roman à clef, the New Atalantis in 1709,I. Ousby ed., The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English (Cambridge 1995) p. 598 a work that spotted present British politics on the fabulous Mediterranean Island.
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But sometimes an author will attach a friend's name, description, or identifiable characteristics to a major character, and in some novels nearly all the characters represent friends, colleagues, or prominent persons the author knows. When this happens, tuckerization can rise to the level of a roman à clef.
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Toronto Star, June 20, 1959. That novel was a roman à clef set within the CBC. Following her retirement from journalism, Beattie returned to St. Catharines, where she conducted writing workshops for the St. Catharines Library. She died on September 17, 2005, at age 83 from surgery complications.
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Rachilde's final novel was Duvet-D'Ange (1943), an autobiographical roman à clef dealing with mother-daughter relationship, inherited sin, and the Catholic church's turning sin into something evil. In this story she makes use of the werewolf origin myth she has adopted for herself, especially in terms of family curses.
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In the 1998 film Primary Colors, Walker played the character March. The movie is a roman à clef about Bill Clinton's 1992 presidential campaign. In March 2014, the film rights for her novel Adé: A Love Story (2013) were reported to have been optioned, with Madonna to serve as director.
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In 1997, Kinsella published the novel Party Favours, a thinly veiled roman à clef about the Chrétien government similar to the 1996 American novel Primary Colors."Political punk". The Globe and Mail, August 20, 2005. The novel was initially credited to "Jean Doe","Author of Party Favours keeping identity a secret".
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The Insider is a roman à clef by P. V. Narasimha Rao, former Prime Minister of India, that was first published in 1998. It was Rao's first novel and created a storm when excerpts from the original manuscript were published in the launch issue of the Outlook magazine in 1995.
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Oberon has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (at 6250 Hollywood Boulevard) for her contributions to Motion Pictures. Michael Korda, nephew of Alexander Korda, wrote a roman à clef about Oberon after her death titled Queenie. This was adapted into a television miniseries starring Mia Sara.Korda 1999, pp. 446–447.
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The Night Listener is a 2000 roman à clef by Armistead Maupin. The novel's plot is based on the author's interaction with Anthony Godby Johnson, the purported author of a book, A Rock and a Hard Place: One Boy's Triumphant Story, both before and after Anthony is suspected of being a hoax.
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Some critics consider her the inspiration for Lawrence's Lady Chatterley.Kennedy, Maev (10 October 2006). "The real Lady Chatterley: society hostess loved and parodied by Bloomsbury group", The Guardian. Huxley's roman à clef Crome Yellow depicts the life at a thinly- veiled Garsington, with a caricature of Lady Ottoline Morrell for which she never forgave him.
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Oscar Moore (23 March 1960 – 12 September 1996)Picardie, Justine. "Obituary: Oscar Moore", The Independent, London, 18 September 1996. was a British journalist and the author of one novel, A Matter of Life and Sex, published in 1991 originally under the pseudonym Alec F. Moran (an anagram for roman à clef).Moran, Alec F (1991).
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Meanwhile, former Padmore ally Peter Abrahams published a roman à clef entitled A Wreath for Udomo (1956), which contained unflattering portrayals of the members of this London political community. George Padmore was identified by many as the model for the character "Tom Lanwood".Polsgrove, Ending British Rule, pp. 132–36. But Padmore's alliance with Nkrumah held firm.
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According to the press and the reviews of the production, the names of the characters, and the setting, and the period were all changed in the manner of a roman à clef, and none of the fictional characters were portrayed in an especially positive light by the playwright.Wainwright, Jon. "Coward – White Bear Theatre, London." The Public Reviews.
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That book became the first part of a trilogy named Canguros (lit. "Kangaroos") that dealt with everyday life in Greater Buenos Aires, sometimes from a lumpenproletariat perspective. In 1984, Asís released Diario de la Argentina ("Argentina's Newspaper"), a roman à clef about his days in Clarín. Major newspapers were not thrilledLa fracturación del campo intelectual argentino.
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Their relationship continued for almost two decades though remained only sexual in nature. During his years in Schwabing, Klages also became romantically involved with novelist Franziska zu Reventlow, which was further alluded to in her 1913 roman à clef Herrn Dames Aufzeichnungen.; . Both Stefan George and Alfred Schuler, with whom Klages closely associated, were openly homosexual men.
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Eastwood directed and starred in White Hunter Black Heart (1990), an adaptation of Peter Viertel's roman à clef, about John Huston and the making of the classic film The African Queen. Shot on location in Zimbabwe in the summer of 1989,McGilligan, p. 452 the film received some critical attention but with only a limited release earned just $8.4 million.McGilligan, p.
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BUtterfield 8 (1935) is a realist novel by John O'Hara. It is a roman à clef loosely based upon the life of socialite and flapper Starr Faithfull, whose unsolved death in 1931 became a tabloid sensation. Reviews were mixed but the novel was a best-seller. It was adapted for a 1960 movie of the same name, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Laurence Harvey.
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While it is not a roman à clef, there is some similarity between the novel's Skeffington and the real life Boston Mayor James Michael Curley. The novel was adapted for film in 1958, with John Ford directing a screenplay by Frank S. Nugent.Crowther, Bosley. Spencer Tracy in 'The Last Hurrah'; Portrays Skeffington; John Ford Directs. The New York Times, October 24, 1958.
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Characterized as a conservative in the popular media, Bloom denied that he was a conservative, and asserted that what he sought to defend was the "theoretical life".Bloom, Allan. Giants and Dwarfs: Essays 1960–1990, Simon & Schuster, 1990 pp. 17–18 Saul Bellow wrote Ravelstein, a roman à clef based on Bloom, his friend and colleague at the University of Chicago.
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Secrest, 286–294. In Djuna Barnes's Ladies Almanack (1928), a roman à clef of Natalie Barney's circle in Paris, she makes a brief appearance as Cynic Sal, who "dresse[s] like a coachman of the period of Pecksniff"Barnes, 36. Cynic Sal is identified as Brooks in Weiss, 156.--a reference to the style of dress seen in her 1923 self-portrait.
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She grew up in Oslo, and studied philosophy, literature and political science. In 1983, she published her first novel, the children's book Pelle-Ragnar i den gule gården, for which she received Norsk kulturråd's debut award. Her first book for an adult audience was Drama med Hilde (1987). Om bare (2001) is considered her most important novel, and a roman à clef.
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The story was said to be a roman à clef, with characters in the novel reportedly based on real-life celebrities such as Judy Garland, Dean Martin, and Ethel Merman. Although Publishers Weekly, in an advance review, called the novel "powerful and sometimes fascinating,"Mansfield, Irving and Jean Libman Block. Life with Jackie. (New York: Bantam Books, 1983), p. 162.
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Performances eventually grew to include klezmer-fusion compositions by band members Ben Goldberg ("Peggy's Rice Hill," "Stick Out Head"), Lev Liberman ("Mardi Gras in Minsk," "Lev's Czech," "Diary of a Scoundrel"), and Stuart Brotman ("Waltz Roman à Clef"). But little of this more experimental repertoire appeared on the band's six record albums.Rogovoy, Seth, The Essential Klezmer. Algonquin Books, Chapel Hill, 2000, , pp. 81.
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Such political and social import is a heavy load to lay on a new marriage. Within two years the couple were facing difficulties. Honoria was supposedly unfaithful and Hay was jealous; he broke open her cabinets in search of love letters and threatened her servants. Lady Mary Wroth exploited their troubles in Urania, her prose roman à clef about Stuart high society.
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Another City, Not My Own is a 1997 novel by Dominick Dunne. The roman à clef, subtitled A Novel in the Form of a Memoir, was inspired by Dunne's experiences in Los Angeles while covering the O.J. Simpson murder trial for Vanity Fair. The hardcover edition () was released by Crown Publishers. The paperback () was published by Random House in February 1999.
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Walston married Catherine Crompton (1916–1978) in 1935, in the USA. Oliver Walston, a farmer and agricultural writer, is their second son. From 1946 Catherine was the mistress of the author Graham Greene, who was also her godfather. Walston demanded that the adulterous relationship should cease after the 1951 publication of The End of the Affair, Greene's roman à clef; but it continued, ending by about 1966.
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The prize package consisted of $500 and the manuscript's publication by Oxford Press; the book was ultimately published under her real married name in 1948, and won the Stephen Leacock Award the following year."Win Governor General's Awards in Annual Literary Contest". Ottawa Journal, June 11, 1949. The book was a roman à clef about her childhood in the Saguenay—Lac-Saint-Jean region.
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Rinehart settled with Mailer, allowing him to keep his advance. A roman à clef, the metaphorical "Deer Park" is Desert D'Or, California (a fictionalized Palm Springs). A fashionable desert resort, Hollywood's elite converge there for fun and games and relaxation. The novel's protagonist, Sergius O'Shaughnessy (a recently discharged Air Force officer), is a would-be novelist who experiences the moral depravity of the Hollywood community first hand.
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Ravelstein is Saul Bellow's final novel. Published in 2000, when Bellow was eighty-five years old, it received widespread critical acclaim. It tells the tale of a friendship between a university professor and a writer, and the complications that animate their erotic and intellectual attachments in the face of impending death. The novel is a roman à clef written in the form of a memoir.
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Haijby was to believe that the money came from the Court. Haijby was again, because of political pressure, committed to an asylum in 1941. In the meantime, another scandal, the Kejne affair, had broken in the press where Vilhelm Moberg was busy writing lengthy articles about homosexual conspiracies among the Swedish officials. In 1947, Haijby used his own money to publish a roman à clef.
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It was republished in 1927, with some minor changes of phraseology, by Alfred A. Knopf, an influential firm that published many Harlem Renaissance writers, and Johnson was credited as the author. Despite the title, the book is a novel. It is drawn from the lives of people Johnson knew and from events in his life. Johnson's text is an example of a roman à clef.
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In 1930, he returned to Warsaw. He was mainly active in the environment of the poetic group Kwadryga, with whom he had worked for a year. He described this period in roman à clef Wspólny pokój (Shared Room), published in 1933. The publication of the novel became the basis of a social scandal in the Warsaw literary community, and the novel was requisitioned for censorship.
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This story concerns a 20th-century United States Navy seaman, midshipman, and officer, David Lamb, who receives multiple promotions while minimizing any semblance of real work or combat by applying himself enthusiastically to the principle of "constructive laziness". Shortly after telling the story Lazarus mistakenly calls David "Donald", which is intended to make the reader think that the story is a roman à clef and actually refers to Lazarus himself.
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Ruth Hall: A Domestic Tale of the Present Time is a roman à clef by Fanny Fern (pen name of Sara Payson Willis), a popular 19th-century newspaper writer. Following on her meteoric rise to fame as a columnist, she signed a contract in February 1854 to write a full-length novel. She finished Ruth Hall within a few months, and it was first published in November 1854.
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Miriam Henderson, the central character in the Pilgrimage novel sequence, is based on the author's own life between 1891 and 1915.Doris B Wallace, Howard E Gruber //.Creative People at Work. Oxford University Press, 1992, 162 Pilgrimage was read as a work of fiction and "its critics did not suspect that its content was a reshaping of DMR's own experience", nor that it was a roman à clef.
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Empress Bianca, the first novel by Lady Colin Campbell, was initially published in June 2005. One month later, Arcadia Books, the British publisher, withdrew the book and pulped all unsold copies in reaction to a legal threat initiated on behalf of Lily Safra under her interpretation that the book was a defamatory roman à clef. After some changes the book was republished in the United States in 2008 by Dynasty Press.
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While in Paris, Loeb spent time with numerous American expatriates, writers and artists, including Ernest Hemingway. He had a brief affair with Duff, Lady Twysden. Hemingway later used them as inspiration for the characters of Robert Cohn and Lady Brett Ashley in his roman à clef, The Sun Also Rises. In his 1959 memoir, Loeb later wrote about this period, and of being involved in boxing and bullfights with Hemingway.
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Ellis began work on what would become Less Than Zero in 1980. He cites his major influences as Joan Didion and Los Angeles noir, but he was also inspired by the moral ambiguity of American Gigolo. Less Than Zero was to become Ellis' first attempt at a proper novel, following much roman à clef juvenilia. Its first draft was incredibly emotional and overwrought, and in the third-person.
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Michael Korda, son of Vincent and thus nephew of Alexander, wrote a roman à clef about Merle Oberon, published after her death. It was entitled Queenie. He also wrote a memoir, Charmed Lives (1979), about his father, his two uncles and the rest of their large extended family. The Alexander Korda Award for "Outstanding British Film of the Year" is given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts.
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Much suggests that Kilian (whose Anglo- German ancestry Grove would later appropriate for himself in his Canadian autobiographies) had acted from motives of jealousy. While in prison, Grove composed his first novel, Fanny Essler, a thinly veiled roman à clef about Else's sexual adventures, including her marriage with August Endell.Gammel, Baroness Elsa, 132. The novel, which moreover poked fun at the Stefan George circle, prompted a complete break from George's coterie.
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The city where the Buddenbrooks live shares so many street names and other details with Mann's native town of Lübeck that the identification is unmistakable, although the novel makes no mention of the name. The young author was condemned for writing a scandalous, defamatory roman à clef about (supposedly) recognizable personages.They can be found in this clear name directory. Mann defended the right of a writer to use material from his own experience.
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Its characters, many modelled loosely on real people,Anthony Powell Society: The Anthony Powell Society surface, vanish and reappear throughout the sequence. It is not, however, a roman à clef. The characters are drawn from the upper classes, their marriages and affairs, and their bohemian acquaintances. In parallel with his creative writing, Powell served as the primary fiction reviewer for the Times Literary Supplement. He served as Literary Editor of Punch from 1953 to 1959.
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Women () is a 1983 novel by French novelist Philippe Sollers. First published in English translation in 1990, Women marked Sollers's move to a more accessible form of fiction writing after a series of difficult experimental texts. The novel was a best-seller in France and attracted attention as a roman à clef that contained recognizable portraits of significant French intellectual figures, such as Louis Althusser, Roland Barthes, Jacques Lacan, and Sollers himself.
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In 1956, Abrahams published a roman à clef about the political community of which he had been a part in London: A Wreath for Udomo. His main character, Michael Udomo, who returns from London to his African country to preside over its transformation into an independent, industrial nation, appeared to be modelled chiefly on Nkrumah with a hint of Kenyatta. Other identifiable fictionalized figures included George Padmore. The novel concluded with Udomo's murder.
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After the execution of Maximilien Robespierre in July 1794, she was released under a general pardon for all prisoners who could prove that they could earn their living; her profession stood her in good stead. In 1800 Anne Ford published an autobiographical roman à clef entitled The School for Fashion, which included many public figures of the day in thin disguise. She herself featured as Euterpe. Her portrait was painted by Thomas Gainsborough in 1760.
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Following her divorce from Perry in 1971, she wrote a roman à clef about her marriage, incorporating many of the problems she faced as a female screenwriter in Hollywood into her 1979 novel, Blue Pages. In 1972, she was head of the jury at the 22nd Berlin International Film Festival. Her son, William Bayer, is a noted crime fiction writer. On March 14, 1981, she died of cancer in New York City.
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Reminiscences of a Stock Operator is a 1923 roman à clef by American author Edwin Lefèvre. It is told in the first person by a character inspired by the life of stock trader Jesse Livermore up to that point. The book remains in print (). In December 2009, Wiley published an annotated edition in hardcover, , that bridges the gap between Lefèvre's fictionalized account and the actual people and places referred to in the book.
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Others, including Groucho's son Arthur, charged her with embezzling money and pushing the increasingly frail Marx to the limits of his endurance, largely for her own personal gain. There were also charges of mental and possibly physical abuse. Marx's friend, writer Sidney Sheldon wrote a roman à clef on Fleming's relationship with Marx titled A Stranger in the Mirror, published in 1976. In a 1993 television adaptation, Lori Loughlin performed the role inspired by Fleming.
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As Wintour came to personify the magazine's image, both she and Vogue drew critics. Wintour's one-time assistant at the magazine, Lauren Weisberger, wrote a roman à clef entitled The Devil Wears Prada. Published in 2003, the novel became a bestseller and was adapted as a highly successful, Academy Award-nominated film in 2006. The central character resembled Weisberger, and her boss was a powerful editor-in-chief of a fictionalized version of Vogue.
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Although he attacked Gründgens in newspaper articles, Mann hesitated to use homosexuality as a theme in the novel as he himself was gay and decided to use "negroid masochism" as the main character's sexual preference. After the novel's publication in 1936, the newspaper Pariser Tageszeitung presented it as a roman à clef. Mann resented this characterization and argued that he had not written about a particular individual, but about a type of individual.
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In 1953, author Christian Mégret published Danaé, a popular roman à clef based on Redé's and Lopez-Willshaw's life together. The racy details were provided by one of their close friends and Mégret's companion, Princess Ghislaine de Polignac. Lopez-Willshaw promptly banned Polignac from his home, although Redé later relented and became friends again.Memoirs of the Baron de Redé Redé maintained his apartment at the Hotel Lambert throughout his later years, remaining an active host.
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A film à clef (or cinéma à clef, movie à clef, film à clé (, French for "film with a key"), is a film describing real life, behind a façade of fiction. "Key" in this context means a table one can use to swap out the names. Film à clef is the film equivalent of the literary roman à clef, and the two share the same techniques. Many films à clef are biopics of Hollywood personalities.
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In 1996, Roger Director, a writer and producer from Moonlighting, wrote a roman à clef on Willis titled A Place to Fall. Cybill Shepherd wrote in her 2000 autobiography, Cybill Disobedience, that Willis became angry at Director when he read the book and discovered the character had been written as a "neurotic, petulant actor." A Lego version of himself appeared in the 2019 film The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part, with Willis providing the voice.
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Agate, Hemingway's friend, had a collection of letters to his wife from his time in Italy, which were later used as inspiration. Michael Reynolds, however, writes that Hemingway was not involved in the battles described. Because his previous novel, The Sun Also Rises, had been written as a roman à clef, readers assumed A Farewell to Arms to be autobiographical. A Farewell to Arms was begun during his time at Willis M. Spear's guest ranch in Wyoming's Bighorns.
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A Political Romance is a 1759 novel by Laurence Sterne, author of Tristram Shandy. The novel was the first work written by Sterne, and it can be labelled a roman à clef or a cronique scandaleuse, which were popular at the beginning of the 18th century. It can be considered a mock-epic allegory that describes a provincial squabble between a church-lawyer, an archbishop and a Dean, i.e. a "Lilliputian" satire on ecclesiastical politics in Sterne's York.
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First edition (publ. Grove Press) Cain's Book is a 1960 novel by Scottish beat writer Alexander Trocchi. A roman à clef, it details the life of Joe Necchi, a heroin addict and writer, who is living and working on a scow on the Hudson River in New York. The book alternates between Necchi/Trocchi's attempts to score and flashbacks to his experiences as a child in Glasgow, and later as a young man in London and Paris.
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Tycoon (sometimes subtitled Tycoon: A Novel), published in 1997, is the 23rd novel by Harold Robbins. Starting in the 1930s and ending in the 1970s, it follows the career and love-life of Jack Lear, an entrepreneur who builds an empire in broadcasting. Typically for a Robbins novel, it contains a large amount and variety of sexual content. Kirkus Reviews describes it as a roman à clef, with Lear's career resembling that of William S. Paley.
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However, he played the character in the radio adaptations of Star Wars and both its sequels. In 1984, King was nominated for a Golden Globe award for his role in the TV movie The Hasty Heart. That same year, he landed the role of Cody Allen on the series Riptide. In 1993, he starred in the television adaptation of Sidney Sheldon's novel A Stranger in the Mirror, which is a roman à clef on Groucho Marx.
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Judith Warner, "Was Coco Chanel a Nazi Agent?", New York Times, 2 September 2011, accessed 17 November 2015 Sleeping With the Enemy was translated into numerous languages and was met with critical acclaim. At the time of his death in 2013, Vaughan had self-published a roman à clef, A Purple Heart At Far Acre Farm, about his experiences as a 10-year-old spy. Vaughan was a member of DACOR—Diplomatic and Consular Officers Retired, Wash.
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Blunt: the fourth man, DVD video listing at WorldCat. . The Untouchable, a 1997 novel by John Banville, is a roman à clef based largely on the life and character of Anthony Blunt; the novel's protagonist, Victor Maskell, is a loosely disguised Blunt. "I.M. Anthony Blunt" is a poem by Gavin Ewart, cleverly attempting a humane corrective to the hysteria over Blunt's fall from grace. Published in Gavin Ewart, Selected Poems 1933–1993, Hutchenson, 1996 (reprinted Faber and Faber, 2011).
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According to Edmund White, Moss was a closeted homosexual,Kat Long, "Edmund White's New York", The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide, Jan-Feb 2010, p. 21. a notion exploited in White's thinly disguised roman à clef, The Farewell Symphony, in which the character "Tom" is a prominent New York poetry editor; the "closet" characterization is at odds with the memory of literary friends who remember Moss as openly gay. Moss died of a heart attack related to AIDS.
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Key to vol. 2 of Delarivier Manley's The New Atalantis (1709) Roman à clef (, anglicised as ), French for novel with a key, is a novel about real life events that is overlaid with a façade of fiction."The Continuum Encyclopedia of American Literature", By Steven R. Serafin, Alfred Bendixen, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005, , , p. 525 The fictitious names in the novel represent real people, and the "key" is the relationship between the nonfiction and the fiction.
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The Carnegie Museum of Art (Pittsburgh), Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain (Paris), the Hammer Museum (Los Angeles), the Honolulu Museum of Art,Honolulu Museum of Art, wall label, 'Roman à Clef' by Tony Oursler, 2002, accession March 1, 2013 the Milwaukee Art Museum, the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, the Museum of Modern Art (New York City), the Tate Modern, and the Whitney Museum of American Art (New York City) are among the public collections holding work by Oursler.
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The location is based on the country houses of Edward Martyn, Count Florimond de Basterot, and Lady Gregory in County Galway and County Clare. But The Speckled Bird is not a roman à clef. Instead, real-life aspects were selected from a variety of sources according to the direct artistic objective and gathered together into fictional synthesis. The Speckled Bird, as an autobiographical novel, is related in its context to Yeats's attempt to found a mystical order of Celtic Mysteries.
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Ken B. Rasmussen's roman à clef was scheduled for release on 29 April 2014. However, a few days prior to this, BT broke the scandal after finding documentation for the parts of the book based on fact. The then former Se og Hør journalist Kenth G. Madsen confirmed to BT that the magazine had a source for credit card transactions, which was later corroborated by the then current Se og Hør journalist Kasper Kopping. The scandal drew large coverage in the media.
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His original poems were generally rustic idylls in the Horatian manner that resembled Pillat's style: Basmul celor patru zodii (1926), Cartea cu lumină (1926). In 1961, under the pen name Charles Séverin (a reference to his birthplace), he published L'agonie sans mort, a French-language roman à clef dealing with the exile experience. Its author's identity soon pinpointed by Virgil Ierunca, the book appeared in Romanian in 1998, as Agonie fără moarte. Alexandru Niculescu, "Despre ne-uitare" , Romania Literară, nr.
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" Sir Cecil Beaton wrote of his sexual encounters with Bowers in his published diary of the 1960s, while Debbie Reynolds wrote in her memoirs of Milton Berle employing him for a party prank. Bowers appears in John Rechy's 1963 roman-à-clef City of Night as the character 'Smitty'. A profile in the New York Social Diary stated: "Clients all agreed that he was 'very good' at what he did, and very agreeable... And very discreet. He did not discriminate.
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Several of his scrapbooks, previously considered lost or destroyed, have come to light and are now held by the State Library of Victoria. They reveal the pleasure Neild took in the ignominious downfall suffered by many of the targets of his more malicious criticisms. The scrapbooks also contained critiques of Checkmated, a poorly written roman à clef about Neild's illicit lovelife, written by Mrs. T. P. Hill, well- connected wife of a prominent elocutionist and daughter of South Australian pioneer Dr. George Ayliffe.
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The plot concerns two people, a quiet librarian and an aspiring writer, who try to keep their love alive as racism denies them every opportunity. This roman à clef became an instant bestseller and served as an informal guide book to Harlem. It also split the black literary community, as some, e.g. Langston Hughes and Nella Larsen, appreciated it, while others like Countee Cullen and W. E. B. Du Bois, regarded it as an "affront to the hospitality of black folks".
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The novel, which Bellow initially intended to be a short story, is a roman à clef about Bellow's friendship with the poet Delmore Schwartz. It explores the changing relationship of art and power in a materialist America. This theme is addressed through the contrasting careers of two writers, Von Humboldt Fleisher (to some degree a version of Schwartz) and his protégé Charlie Citrine (to some degree a version of Bellow himself). Fleisher yearns to lift American society through art, but dies a failure.
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It is a roman à clef about the first few months of his married life in Dublin. It is also an unflattering picture of the drabness and mean-spiritedness of lower middle class Irish life in the mid-1940s. Two further novels about South Africa followed and their unvarnished descriptions of the reality of life for the native population probably contributed to Cleeve's eventual expulsion from the country. In the mid-1950s, Cleeve began to concentrate on the short story form.
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The Bell Jar is the only novel written by the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath. Originally published under the pseudonym "Victoria Lucas" in 1963, the novel is semi-autobiographical, with the names of places and people changed. The book is often regarded as a roman à clef because the protagonist's descent into mental illness parallels Plath's own experiences with what may have been clinical depression or bipolar II disorder. Plath died by suicide a month after its first UK publication.
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Lust, Caution can be categorized as a roman à clef in which elements of Chang's life and emotions are integrated into the novel. Wang Chia-Chih's romantic fallacy parallels Chang's relationship with her first husband Hu Lan-cheng who was denounced as a traitor for serving a propaganda official in the Wang Jingwei regime. Eileen Chang uses an unconventional narrative technique in Lust, Caution. It is written in the third person interspersed with dialogues. The characters’ inner thoughts are voiced by the narrator.
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The novel is set in Christiania, and deals with the everyday life of two friends, "Herman Ek" and "candidate Jarmann". They live in lodgings and spend their days drinking in cafés, discussing philosophy, literature and society reforms. "Jarmann" ends his life by committing suicide, shooting himself after spending his last night with a prostitute. The novel is a roman à clef, as the characters are easily recognizable as real people: "Ek" is Jæger himself, and "Jarmann" also has a corresponding real person.
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Hordern, p. 447; Scholiast on Theocritus 6 = FGrHist 76 F 58 = Philoxenus fr. 817 Campbell = PMG 817 . However in what is probably the earliest account, that of Phaenias', by way of Athenaes, Philoxenus' Cyclops was written, while the poet was imprisoned in the quarries, as a court satire, where, in the manner of a Roman à clef, the characters in Philoxenus' dithyramb: Polyphemus, Odysseus and the sea nymph Galatea, were meant to represent Dionysius, Philoxenus, and Dionysius' mistress, the aulos-player Galatea, respectively.
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In later years, Almond authored eight novels in the Alford Saga. The final novel is titled The Inheritor, a stand-alone autobiographical roman à clef about the remarkable life, loves, agonies, achievements and awards of a prestigious Canadian movie producer, director, and author. It was published in April 2015 by Red Deer Press. Paul Almond was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2001, and given a Lifetime Achievement Award by the Directors Guild of Canada in 2007.
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Pour la Patrie is a futuristic roman à clef by Jules-Paul Tardivel published in Montreal in 1895. Written from an ultramontane Catholic point of view and featuring miracles, it describes the overthrow of a satanic plot in government and the establishment of a separatist Quebec under the name New France. The book is set in a then-future 20th century, anticipating things like the fax- machine and biological warfare. It can be seen as an attack on John A. Macdonald and the centralizing party in Ottawa.
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Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas, May 1893 In 1891, Douglas's cousin Lionel Johnson introduced him to Oscar Wilde; although the playwright was married with two sons, they soon began an affair.H. Montgomery Hyde, The Love That Dared not Speak its Name; p.144Ellmann (1988:98) In 1894, the Robert Hichens novel The Green Carnation was published. Said to be a roman à clef based on the relationship of Wilde and Douglas, it was one of the texts used against Wilde during his trials in 1895.
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Mikhail Bulgakov, writing in the manner of a roman à clef, includes in his novel Black Snow (Театральный роман) satires of Stanislavski's methods and theories. In the novel, the stage director, Ivan Vasilyevich, uses acting exercises while directing a play, which is titled Black Snow. The playwright in the novel sees the acting exercises taking over the rehearsals, becoming madcap, and causing the playwright to rewrite parts of his play. The playwright is concerned that his script is being lost in all of this.
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Sert became the muse and symbol of La Revue blanche, appearing in advertising posters created by Toulouse-Lautrec, Édouard Vuillard and Pierre Bonnard. A portrait of Sert by Renoir is now in the Tate Gallery. Marcel Proust used Sert as the prototype for the characters of "Princess Yourbeletieff" and "Madame Verdurin" in his roman à clef À la recherche du temps perdu, (Remembrance of Things Past). Natanson’s La Revue blanche coupled with his political activism required an influx of capital, which he alone was unable to supply.
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Rubenstain, Roberta. Literary Half-Lives: Doris Lessing, Clancy Sigal, and Roman à Clef, London:Palgrave Macmillan, 2014 His writing was also an influence on Stan Barstow. According to Sid Chaplin, Doherty was part of a "Northern writers' mafia" brought together by media coverage of kitchen sink/angry young men literature of the period, including Chaplin, Barstow, John Braine and Keith Waterhouse."The Making of a Working-Class Writer – An Interview with Sid Chaplin", in The British Working-Class Novel in the Twentieth Century, Jeremy Hawthorn [Ed.
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Like various Jean Rhys novels, Quartet is autobiographical fiction. It is a roman à clef based on her extramarital affair and acrimonious break-up with her literary mentor Ford Madox Ford, the English author and editor of The Transatlantic Review literary magazine. The affair occurred in Ford's Paris home under the eye of his common-law wife, Australian artist Stella Bowen, while Rhys's husband Jean Lenglet was in jail. Written in third-person narrative, Quartet is framed from the viewpoint of Rhys's fictional counterpart Marya (nicknamed Mado).
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"Frank, who helped Steichen get in touch with European photographers in preparation for the exhibition, may have known Van der Elsken and introduced him." Another encounter was with Vali Myers (1930–2003) who became the haunting kohl-eyed heroine of his roman à clef photo-novelGierstberg, F. and Suermondt, R. (2012) The Dutch Photobook: A Thematic Selection from 1945 Onwards. Distributed Art Pub Incorporated, 2012. Een liefdesgeschiedenis in Saint-Germain-des-Prés (1956; its English-language version was titled Love on the left bank).
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In order to support his work in Tepatitlan, Murr founded Father Charles Murr Orphanages, Inc., an organization of which he remains President. Murr's first novel "The Society Of Judas" is a Roman à clef based on his experiences in Rome, Beirut, New York and Guadalajara, and has been translated into three languages. Murr was still in charge of the orphanage when, on May 24, 1993, the Archbishop of Guadalajara, Juan Jesús Cardinal Posadas Ocampo was brutally assassinated by drug-lords of the Guadalajara Cartel.
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Some critics believe that the romance (other than the ending) is a roman à clef and that elements are based on true events. The Châtelaine de Vergy was apparently very popular in courtly circles. There exists as well a 15th-century prose version of the tale, and the plot was reused by Marguerite de Navarre in one of her Heptameron short stories (tale LXX). There are also multiple examples of the tale being portrayed in art, including various chests depicting scenes from the poem.
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As such, it was published in The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume One, 1929–1964. Boucher was the friend and mentor of science-fiction writer Philip K. Dick and others. His 1942 novel Rocket to the Morgue, in addition to being a classic locked room mystery, is also something of a roman à clef about the Southern California science fiction culture of the time, featuring thinly veiled versions of personalities such as Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron Hubbard and rocket scientist/occultist/fan Jack Parsons.
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First English-language edition (publ. World Publishing Company) Cover art by Laszlo Matulay The Mandarins () is a 1954 roman à clef by Simone de Beauvoir, for which she won the Prix Goncourt, awarded to the best and most imaginative prose work of the year, in 1954. The Mandarins was first published in English in 1956 (in a translation by Leonard M. Friedman). The book follows the personal lives of a close-knit group of French intellectuals from the end of World War II to the mid-1950s.
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Primary Colors: A Novel of Politics is a 1996 book by columnist Joe Klein—published anonymously—about the presidential campaign of a southern governor. It is a roman à clef (a work of fiction based on real people and events) about Bill Clinton's first presidential campaign in 1992. It was adapted as a film of the same name in 1998. The book has been compared to two other novels about American politics: Robert Penn Warren's All the King's Men (1946) and O: A Presidential Novel (2011).
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Larkin knew Patricia Avis Strang Murphy (1928–1977) during the 1950s, and wrote her his first love letters. At the time, she was married to Colin Strang, a friend of Larkin's and a lecturer in the Philosophy department at Queen's University, Belfast, where Larkin was under-librarian. She became pregnant by Larkin, but miscarried. As Patricia Avis, she is the author of Playing the Harlot (1996, Virago), a roman à clef; the character of Rollo Jute is thought to have been inspired by Larkin.
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Ask the Dust is the most popular novel of an Italian-American author John Fante, first published in 1939 and set during the Great Depression-era in Los Angeles. It is one of a series of novels featuring the character Arturo Bandini as Fante's alter ego, a young Italian-American from Colorado struggling to make it as a writer in Los Angeles. The novel is widely regarded as an American classic, regularly on college syllabi for American literature. The book is a roman à clef, much of it rooted in autobiographical incidents in Fante's life.
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Being the youngest of six siblings, Rappaport was kept in the dark about the facts of her mother's suicide when she was growing up. Rappaport has said that she has only one memory of her mother, standing in the hot sun with her, holding hands. It was not until Rappaport birthed her first daughter that she began longing to understand her mother’s suicide and began investigating her life. She was given her mother’s journals and a 400-page roman à clef written by her mother that provided some insight.
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Her > methods were, as the Attorney-General described them, the ordinary armoury > of the blackmailer: and she had made use of her social position for purposes > of intrigue and fraud. She was a fine specimen of the lady adventurer of > detective fiction and we may expect her reappearance in a roman à clef > dealing with South Africa. Radziwiłł spent the two years in jail where she occupied herself in writing. She was fortunate to end up spending only 16 months in prison for her crimes, being released in March of 1903.
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Bankhead, actresses Eva Le Gallienne and Blyth Daly, and she were dubbed "The Four Riders of the Algonquin" in the early silent film days, because of their appearances together at the Algonquin Round Table. Winwood appeared as a character in Answered Prayers, Truman Capote's final, unfinished, thinly veiled roman à clef. In the novel, which uses her real name, she attends a drunken dinner party with Bankhead, Dorothy Parker, Montgomery Clift, and the novel's narrator, P.B. Jones. On her 100th birthday, she was asked how it felt to have lived so long.
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Shortened only is the name of his friend of youth W., the art collector Werner Coninx, whose collection is now presented in the . Although the story largely discloses its autobiographical background claiming authenticity over fiction it stays open whether this story is a roman à clef. Some critics stressed that it would be a misunderstanding to read Montauk a kind of key narrative to understand his live and work. Some see the Max Frisch from Montauk, however, as an "art piece", whose desires finally did not produce sincerity but a beautiful story.
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They were left in the poverty in which Albert's father died. In 1792 Albert married Eleonore Franchi, Freiin von Franquemont (17 January 1771 - 1833) an illegitimate daughter of the reigning Duke of Württemberg by the Italian adventuress Anna Eleonora Franchi. Their surviving son became the dandy, Alfred Guillaume Gabriel, Count d'Orsay. Their daughter Ida Grimaud d'Orsay married Antoine, 9th duc de Gramont in 1818, and became mother of Antoine, 10th duc de Gramont, a lover of Marie Duplessis, on whose life was based the roman à clef, La Dame aux camélias, by Dumas, fils.
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The ballad describes the journey and circumstances that the cloak has effected, similar to the point of view found in a novel of circulation, more commonly known as an it-narrative. As is the case in it-narratives, this ballad also employs a satirical voice, similar to the one found in Roman à clef. The black cloak, which belongs to a person of high political station, is responsible for imprisoning, executing, overthrowing the pope and thereby religion. It subsequently destroys the Ten Commandments and imposes a villainous, criminal king.
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Go is a semi-autobiographical novel by John Clellon Holmes. (Holmes referred to the book as a roman à clef.) It is considered to be the first published novel depicting the beat generation. Set in New York, it concerns the lives of a collection of characters largely based on the friends Holmes used to hang around with in the 1940s and 1950s in Manhattan. An underworld of drug-fueled parties, bars, clubs and free love is explored through the eyes of character Paul Hobbes, Holmes' representation of himself in the novel.
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This permitted its authors to claim they had published fiction, not truth, if they ever faced allegations of libel. Prefaces and title pages of seventeenth and early eighteenth century fiction acknowledged this pattern: histories could claim to be romances, but threaten to relate true events, as in the Roman à clef. Other works could, conversely, claim to be factual histories, yet earn the suspicion that they were wholly invented. A further differentiation was made between private and public history: Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe was, within this pattern, neither a "romance" nor a "novel".
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The basis for the novel was Hemingway's trip to Spain in 1925. The setting was unique and memorable, depicting sordid café life in Paris and the excitement of the Pamplona festival, with a middle section devoted to descriptions of a fishing trip in the Pyrenees. Hemingway's spare writing style, combined with his restrained use of description to convey characterizations and action, demonstrates his "Iceberg Theory" of writing. The novel is a roman à clef: the characters are based on real people in Hemingway's circle, and the action is based on real events.
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West was born Anthony Panther West Fairfield, the son of British authors Rebecca West and H. G. Wells. His parents never married, as Wells was already married to someone else, and remained so until after his intimate relationship with West ended (although they remained friends until his death in 1946). In 1955, Anthony West wrote a novel Heritage, which was technically fiction, but which dealt with the trials of a boy who grows up largely neglected and ignored by his famous parents. This work was a thinly disguised autobiography (a roman à clef).
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Originally from Vancouver, British Columbia, she was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis as a child, and underwent frequent surgeries for the condition. By her teenage years, she was psychologically troubled by post-operative trauma from the surgeries, dropping out of high school and spending some time working as a stripper. Highways and Dancehalls was a roman à clef about her experience, although she resisted media attempts to sensationalize her past in the novel's promotion. At the time of the award nomination, Atkinson was completing a degree at Concordia University in Montreal.
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In 1952, after a dubiously held trial, Haijby was sentenced to eight years hard labor for blackmail under aggravated circumstances, which in 1953 was reduced to six years by the Svea High Court. After the death of the King Gustav V in 1950, the confiscated roman à clef was re-distributed in 1952 and was reprinted in 1979. Haijby had reported the treatment he had received to the Swedish Chancellor of Justice. The results of the investigations, the bulk of which were classified until 2002, effectively acquitted the monarchy.
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"Non-Gay Queer Popstar from R.E.M. Collects Sugar Packets and Was De-virginised at Age Seven". Butt. February 2004. In 1999, author Douglas A. Martin published a novel, Outline of My Lover, in which the narrator has a six-year romantic relationship with the unnamed lead singer of a successful Athens, Georgia-based, rock band; the book was widely speculated, and later confirmed by its author, to have been a roman à clef based on a real relationship between Martin and Stipe."Readings Listings", The Portland Mercury, July 27, 2000.
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Interview with Maupin about his friendship with Tamara De Treaux. The Night Listener is a roman à clef, inspired by Maupin's experiences concerning the Anthony Godby Johnson hoax.Audio interview about The Night Listener – on WHYY-FM, October 3, 2000 – a story featuring the fictional characters in Noone at Night He says he wanted to create a psychological thriller, while being able to put autobiographical elements in it. The issues he addresses include the ending of his relationship with his long-term partner and his relationship with his father.
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In 1949 at age 19 Myers travelled to impoverished post- war Paris to pursue a dance career but found herself living on the streets of the Saint-Germain-des-Prés Quarter on the Left Bank. Love on the Left Bank is a 1954 book of photographs from Dutch photographer Ed van der Elsken (1925–1990), documenting the bohemian life on the Rive Gauche of Paris; Vali Myers is the heroine of this semi-biographical roman à clef, and is also photographed along with some of her early drawings.
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Sara's breakthrough role was Princess Lili in Ridley Scott's 1985 fairy-tale film Legend. Playing the role of Ferris Bueller's girlfriend, Sloane Peterson, in the 1986 blockbuster film Ferris Bueller's Day Off made her even more popular. She also appeared in the 1987 miniseries Queenie, a roman à clef on actress Merle Oberon, as well as 1992's A Stranger Among Us, directed by Sidney Lumet. In 1994 she starred opposite Jean-Claude Van Damme in the blockbuster Timecop, for which she won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress.
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Active in pacifist and social reform efforts, Malleson spent the remainder of her career traveling and writing. She released several novels and autobiographical accounts, including In the north : autobiographical fragments in Norway, Sweden, Finland, 1936-1946 about her experiences in Scandinavia administering relief efforts in response to the Russo-Finnish War. Among her most notable releases is the 1933 novel The Coming Back. Though she denied the suggestion, it is understood as a roman à clef regarding Malleson's relationship with philosopher and political activist Bertrand Russell, with whom she shared an interest in pacifism.
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He appeared twice as a guest- villain on ABC's Batman as the gunfighter "Shame" (1966 and 1968), the second time with his wife, Dina Merrill, as "Calamity Jan". In 1976, he portrayed a retired Buzz Aldrin in an adaptation of Aldrin's autobiography Return to Earth. The next year, he portrayed a fictional Director of Central Intelligence (based on Richard Helms) in Washington: Behind Closed Doors, an adaptation of John Ehrlichman's roman à clef The Company, in turn based on the Watergate scandal. In 1987, he portrayed Henry Ford in Ford: The Man and The Machine.
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The novel's title is a reference to the flow of arguments in a debate, and a series of these exchanges tell the story. Instead of a single central plot, there are a number of interlinked story lines and recurring themes (as in musical "counterpoint"). As a roman à clef, many of the characters are based on real people, most of whom Huxley knew personally, such as D. H. Lawrence, Katherine Mansfield, Sir Oswald Mosley, Nancy Cunard, and John Middleton Murry, and Huxley is depicted as the novel's novelist, Philip Quarles.
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Written on the Wind is a 1956 American Technicolor melodrama film directed by Douglas Sirk and starring Rock Hudson, Lauren Bacall, Robert Stack, and Dorothy Malone. The screenplay by George Zuckerman was based on Robert Wilder's 1946 novel of the same name, a thinly disguised account (or a roman à clef) of the real-life scandal involving torch singer Libby Holman and her husband, tobacco heir Zachary Smith Reynolds. Zuckerman shifted the locale from North Carolina to Texas, made the source of the family wealth oil rather than tobacco, and changed all the characters' names.
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The novel's protagonist, Iris Chase, and her sister Laura, grow up well-off but motherless in a small town in southern Ontario. As an old woman, Iris recalls the events and relationships of her childhood, youth and middle age, including her unhappy marriage to Toronto businessman Richard Griffen. The book includes a novel within a novel, a roman à clef attributed to Laura but published by Iris. It is about Alex Thomas, a politically radical author of pulp science fiction who has an ambiguous relationship with the sisters.
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The principle behind the allegorical renaming of key roles in the novel as roman à clef is that the Earth (or the Universe) is a University. Thus, for example, the founder of a religion or great religious leader becomes a Grand Tutor (in German Grosslehrer), and Barth renames specific leaders as well: Jesus Christ becomes Enos Enoch (meaning in Hebrew "The man who walked with God" or "humanity when it walked with God"Sommavilla, pp. 285–9. Robinson (1980: 363) suggests that Enos Enoch is also a pun on "enough's enough."), Moses becomes Moishe, Buddha becomes the original Sakhyan.
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Sackville-West's novel Challenge (1923) also bears witness to her affair with Keppel: Sackville-West and Keppel had started writing this book as a collaborative endeavour. It was published in America but banned in the UK until 1974.Spartacus Educational Biography The male character's name, Julian, had been Sackville-West's nickname when passing as a man. Challenge (first entitled Rebellion, then Enchantment, then Vanity and at some point Foam), is a roman à clef with the character of Julian being a male version of Sackville-West and Eve, the woman he desires so passionately is Keppel.
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The Associated Press theorized that public curiosity over the author's identity may resemble the public riddle that occurred after the release of Primary Colors, a roman à clef on the Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign. In November 2019, the presumed author said they would reveal their identity at some point: “Trump has not heard the last of me. There is more to come… Trump will hear from me, in my own name, before the [November] 2020 election.” On February 18, 2020, President Donald Trump claimed that he knows the identity of the author but refused to release the author's identity to the public.
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He often appears on PBS, NPR, and MSNBC. Crowley has reported from numerous countries including Iraq, China, Israel, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Egypt, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Lebanon, Germany, and Ukraine. In a 2006 dispute between Crowley and Michael Crichton, Crowley alleged that after he wrote an unflattering review of Crichton's novel State of Fear, Crichton included a character named "Mick Crowley" in the novel Next. The character is a child rapist, described as being a Washington, D.C.-based journalist and Yale graduate with a small penis, and is therefore noted as the variant of the Roman à clef called the small penis rule.
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Endorsing the novel, Ernest Hemingway wrote: "If you want to read a book by a man who knows exactly what he is writing about and has written it marvelously well, read Appointment in Samarra."Flyleaf endorsement to Appointment in Samarra, Harcourt Brace & Co., 1934. O'Hara followed Samarra with Butterfield 8, his roman à clef based upon the tragic, short life of flapper Starr Faithfull, whose mysterious death in 1931 became a tabloid sensation. Over four decades, O'Hara published novels, novellas, plays, screenplays and more than 400 short stories, the majority of them in The New Yorker.
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The poem has a mythological plot: it narrates the love of Troilo (Troilus), a younger son of Priam of Troy, for Criseida (Cressida), daughter of Calcas (Calchas). Although its setting is Trojan, Boccaccio's story is not taken from Greek myth, but from the Roman de Troie, a twelfth-century French medieval re- elaboration of the Trojan legend by Benoît de Sainte-Maure known to Boccaccio in the Latin prose version by Guido delle Colonne (Historia destructionis Troiae). The plot of the Filostrato can be read as a roman à clef of Boccaccio's love of "Fiammetta". Indeed, the proem suggests it.
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Berners wrote four autobiographical works and some novels, mostly of a humorous nature. All were published and some went into translations. His autobiographies First Childhood (1934), A Distant Prospect (1945), The Château de Résenlieu (published posthumously) and Dresden are both witty and affectionate. Berners obtained some notoriety for his roman à clef The Girls of Radcliff Hall (punning on the name of the famous lesbian writer), initially published privately under the pseudonym "Adela Quebec", in which he depicts himself and his circle of friends, such as Cecil Beaton and Oliver Messel, as members of a girls' school.
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Félicien Champsaur (1858–1934) was a French novelist and journalist. Champsaur was born at Turriers, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. His first novel was the roman à clef Dinah Samuel (1882), said to present portraits of poet Arthur Rimbaud and actress Sarah Bernhardt. He went on to publish many novels, collections of articles, and other works, including Miss America (1885), Entrée de clowns (1886), Parisiennes (1887), Les Bohémiens (1887), Lulu (1888), L'Amant des danseuses (1888), La Gomme (1889), and Poupée Japonaise (1912), Nora, la guenon devenue femme (1929), a parody loosely based on the career of American dancer Josephine Baker.
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The Far Hills was the first of Irish author Brian Cleeve's novels to be published. Written when he lived in South Africa, it is a roman à clef about his time in Dublin immediately after World War II. The novel paints an unflattering picture of lower middle-class life in Ireland's capital city in the mid-1940s. Cleeve wrote The Far Hills following his failure to find a publisher for his previous novel on the subject of ancient Crete. Because of its sexual content, the novel was banned in Ireland under the strict censorship laws then in force.
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While Wroth may not have intended to write Urania as a roman à clef, many of the work's storylines and characters have strong parallels to events and people in Wroth's life. One of the most notable storylines connected to Wroth's life is that of the romance between Pamphilia and Amphilanthus, who serve as avatars for Wroth and her cousin William Herbert, respectively. The romance identifies Pamphilia and Amphilanthus as first cousins, as were Wroth and Herbert. As first cousins, both couples had to hide their relationships; thus Urania contains Wroth's hope of the sanctioning of her relationship with Herbert.
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Schirrmacher often influenced the public discussion in Germany of controversial topics such as the debates about genetic engineering and brain research and about the low birth rates in Germany and Europe. Newsweek named him one of Germany's leading intellectuals and Ray Kurzweil called Schirrmacher one of the "big thinkers".KurzweilAI Frank Schirrmacher's roasting of Martin Walser's novel Tod eines Kritikers in 2002 caused a stir in the German press. Schirrmacher claimed the book, which was seen as a roman à clef centering on Schirrmacher's predecessor Reich-Ranicki (a German literature critic of Jewish ancestry), contained anti-semitic passages.
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The Company is a political fiction roman à clef novel written by John Ehrlichman, a former close aide to President Richard Nixon and a figure in the Watergate scandal, first published in 1976 by Simon & Schuster. The title is an insider nickname for the Central Intelligence Agency. The plot is loosely based on events leading up to the Watergate coverup, centered on Nixon administration attempts to cover up its own illegal activity and that of the CIA dating back to the Kennedy administration. Although all characters are fictional, most are based on real-life political figures, and journalists such as columnist Jack Anderson.
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Larry Kramer, who later left GMHC to found ACT UP, frequently fought with Popham. Kramer wrote in Reports from the Holocaust that, as a result, when writing the roman à clef play The Normal Heart, Kramer made the protagonist Ned Weeks (the cypher for himself) be obnoxious and Bruce Niles (the cypher for Popham) be a clearly sympathetic leader, by way of contrition. Bruce Niles was portrayed by David Allen Brooks (The Public Theatre, 1985), Andrzej Szczytko (Polish Theatre in Poznań, 1987; Polish Television Theatre, 1989), Lee Pace (Golden Theatre, 2011) and Taylor Kitsch (HBO television film, 2014).
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Jones is the author of You Have to Stand for Something, or You'll Fall for Anything, a collection of autobiographical essays published in 1998. Her second book, Shine: A Physical, Emotional, and Spiritual Journey to Finding Love (2006), detailed changes she made to reshape her life, including her marriage and dramatic weight loss. She released a third book in March 2011, Satan's Sisters, a roman à clef about a fictional television talk show featuring five women of clashing temperaments. A scripted television series based on Satan's Sisters, titled Daytime Divas, aired for one season on VH1 from June 5 to July 31, 2017.
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Review in The Observer The fictional counterpart of Cherie Blair is depicted as a sinister manipulator of her husband. So astonishing are the implied allegations of the roman à clef that, had it concerned a lesser figure and were Harris a less eminent novelist, Britain's libel laws might have rendered publication impossible: Harris told The Guardian before publication, "The day this appears a writ might come through the door. But I would doubt it, knowing him." The thriller acquires an added frisson from the fact that Harris was an early and enthusiastic backer of Blair and a donor to New Labour funds.
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Map of Nordic countries After retiring from acting Malleson moved to the country, traveled and authored several books. Her autobiography was published in 1931 followed by her first novel, The Coming Back in 1933. Despite claiming it as fiction the work is considered a roman à clef regarding her relationship with Russell. Described by John G. Slater as a "thinly disguised account", the novel features Russell as an astronomer from Cambridge, named Don Gregorio del Orellano, with other characters acting as stand ins for prominent people in Malleson's relationship with Russell, including Dora Russell, Clifford Allen, T.S. Eliot and Maurice Elvey.
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Cover of Ladies Almanack H U S, from L'Imagerie Populaire Ladies Almanack (1928) is a roman à clef about a predominantly lesbian social circle centering on Natalie Clifford Barney's salon in Paris. It is written in an archaic, Rabelaisian style, with Barnes's own illustrations in the style of Elizabethan woodcuts. Clifford Barney appears as Dame Evangeline Musset, "who was in her Heart one Grand Red Cross for the Pursuance, the Relief and the Distraction, of such Girls as in their Hinder Parts, and their Fore Parts, and in whatsoever Parts did suffer them most, lament Cruelly."Barnes, Ladies Almanack, 6.
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Angel is a fictional representation of the kind of temporarily popular writer of romances such as Marie Corelli, Ouida, or Ethel M. Dell. Matthew Walther argues that "the book is not really a roman à clef so much as it is a kind of horrifying anti-memoir, Taylor’s sounding of her own experience and dredging up her worst fears as a young female writer: mawkishness, philistinism, naïveté, stupidity, solipsism." Angel was reprinted by Virago Press in 1984 with a new introduction by Paul Bailey. In 2007, Angel was turned into a movie by French director François Ozon.
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One popular and anecdotal history of McLean is Alex Beam's Gracefully Insane: Life and Death Inside America's Premier Mental Hospital. More-factual and scholarly accounts of the history are recorded in the Little and Sutton books listed in "Further reading". Memoirs of time spent within McLean's walls include Sylvia Plath's novel The Bell Jar, and Susanna Kaysen's Girl, Interrupted, which was made into a film of the same name starring Winona Ryder and Angelina Jolie. Samuel Shem's roman à clef Mount Misery tells a story inspired at least in part by the author's experiences at McLean.
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Crosbie has lectured on and written about visual art at the AGO, the Power Plant, the McMicahel Gallery, the Oakville Galleyr and OCAD University (where she taught for six years.) She is an award- winning journalist who has a regular column titled "Pop Rocks" in the Toronto newspaper The Globe and Mail and was a regular contributor to Toronto Life Fashion. Her Trampoline Hall Lecture was entitled "Don't Have Casual Sex". Her book Life Is About Losing Everything, a roman à clef/fictional memoir, was released in April 2012 by House of Anansi. The book won the 2013 ReLit Award in the fiction category.
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A year later, she assumed control of the franchise's magazine in New York, reviving what many saw as a stagnating publication. Her use of the magazine to shape the fashion industry has been the subject of debate within it. Animal rights activists have attacked her for promoting fur, while other critics have charged her with using the magazine to promote elitist views of femininity and beauty. A former personal assistant, Lauren Weisberger, wrote the 2003 bestselling roman à clef The Devil Wears Prada, later made into a successful 2006 film starring Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly, a fashion editor, believed to be based on Wintour.
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Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister is an anonymously published three-volume roman à clef playing with events of the Monmouth Rebellion and exploring the genre of the epistolary novel. It has been attributed to Aphra Behn, but this attribution remains in dispute. The novel is "based loosely on an affair between Ford, Lord Grey of Werke, and his wife's sister, Lady Henrietta Berkeley, a scandal that broke in London in 1682". It was originally published as three separate volumes: Love-Letters Between a Noble-Man and his Sister (1684), Love-Letters from a Noble Man to his Sister: Mixt with the History of Their Adventures.
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A roman à clef, it caused a great sensation: readers were able to identify several notable cultural personalities of the day, Hämäläinen's former lover Olavi Paavolainen among them. Hämäläinen's first novel, a modernist first-person text Kaunis sielu (The Beautiful Soul) was written already in the winter of 1927–28, but it wasn't published until 2001, assumedly because of its portrayal of same-sex desire. In 1987, after two decades out of the spotlight, Hämäläinen returned to the public eye when her book of poems, Sukupolveni unta (Dreams of My Generation), won the Finlandia Prize. Hämäläinen died at the age of 90 on 17 January 1998.
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The novel was partly inspired by Constant's relationships with Madame de Staël and Charlotte von Hardenberg, and at the time of its publication it was widely assumed to be a roman à clef. Constant was indignant and wrote a letter to the Morning Chronicle of London (23 June 1816) denying any such correspondence between fiction and life, and these objections animate his preface to the second edition. Framing letters written by an "editor" serve to distance the author from the work. However, close parallels between figures in his autobiography and characters in the novel have led to a great deal of speculation ever since.
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A Stranger in the Mirror is a 1976 novel written by Sidney Sheldon. The novel is one of the earliest of Sheldon's works, but contains the typical Sheldon fast-paced narration and several narrative techniques, with the exception of a twist ending. The novel tells the life story of two fictitious Hollywood celebrities - Toby Temple and Jill Castle (roman à clef on Sheldon's acquaintances Groucho Marx and Erin Fleming) and portrays the emotional extremes of success and failure and how people inevitably become victims of time. It was adapted into a television film in 1993 starring Perry King, Lori Loughlin, Christopher Plummer, and Juliet Mills.
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In her latter life she wrote "I did not arrange to marry Rivers, he arranged it with H.G, but I have always thought it the best that could possibly have happened". Wells wrote the roman à clef Ann Veronica based on his relationship with Reeves. The novel was rejected by his publisher, Frederick Macmillan, because of the possible damage it would do; however, T. Fisher Unwin published it in the autumn of 1909, when gossip concerning Wells was rampant. Wells later wrote that while the character of Ann Veronica was based on Amber, the character he believed came closest to her was Amanda in his novel The Research Magnificent.
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Social and Emotional Life () was finished in the first half of the 1960s. The novel is critical of the moral environment of the Polish intelligentsia of the time, exposing them as servile and subservient to the regime. The book is written in the form of a "roman à clef", which is a novel with fictional characters that can be easily identified as counterparts of real-life people, in this case, names from the Polish cultural scene at the time. Tyrmand had aspirations for the book to become his magnum opus, but the government didn't allow its publication, and despite eventually being published in Paris, the book went mostly unnoticed.
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Williams left journalism and earned a PhD in English from the University of Iowa, subsequently becoming a professor of English at California State University, Los Angeles. He wrote six novels, one of which, 1959's Ada Dallas was made into the 1961 film Ada. His 1965 novel The Trojans, a roman a clef about the movie industry loosely based on the life of Marilyn Monroe and the debacle of the 1963 movie Cleopatra, became a best seller, selling over a million copies. Both Ada Dallas and The Far Side, his 1972 roman à clef novel loosely based on the early career of novelist James Jones.
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In a documentary by Errol Morris, London related how she first was inspired to write about crime after reaching a plateau in her career as a technical writer. She contacted the incarcerated serial killer G.J. Schaefer (an ex-cop doing two life sentences for murder, whom she'd dated in high school) and the two began collaborating on a roman à clef book containing writings by Schaefer that were arguably descriptions of his own crimes. They released a collection of short stories entitled Killer Fiction. During this period the former deputy sheriff became increasingly obsessed with London and began divulging details of his crimes to her in prison visits and handwritten letters.
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Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream is a 1971 novel by Hunter S. Thompson, illustrated by Ralph Steadman. The book is a roman à clef, rooted in autobiographical incidents. The story follows its protagonist, Raoul Duke, and his attorney, Dr. Gonzo, as they descend on Las Vegas to chase the American Dream through a drug-induced haze, all the while ruminating on the failure of the 1960s countercultural movement. The work is Thompson's most famous book, and is noted for its lurid descriptions of illegal drug use and its early retrospective on the culture of the 1960s.
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Irvin Ehrenpreis sees an aged Johnson reflecting on lost youth in the character of Rasselas who is exiled from Happy Valley. Rasselas has also been viewed as a reflection of Johnson's melancholia projected on to the wider world, particularly at the time of his mother's death. Hester Piozzi saw in part Johnson in the character of Imlac who is rejected in his courtship by a class-conscious social superior. Thomas Keymer sees beyond the conventional roman à clef interpretations to call it a work that reflects the wider geo-political world in the year of publication (1759): the year in which "Britain became master of the world".
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Korda the writer was represented by agent Lynn Nesbit. Among Korda's other books are Charmed Lives, which the story of his father and his two uncles, and the novel Queenie, which is a roman à clef about his aunt, actress Merle Oberon, which was later adapted into a television miniseries. Korda said he felt that Charmed Lives was the book he was born to write, "as if I had been observing and storing up memories with just that purpose in mind for years." Beginning in the 2000s, Korda wrote a number of history and biography books on the Hungarian Revolution, Dwight Eisenhower, T.E. Lawrence and Robert E. Lee.
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With his debut novel Căderea Bastiliei, Gârbea produces a satirical portrayal of his fellow Romanian writers, disguising their real names with anagrams or other word play. Cornelia Maria Savu, "Pumnagiul, Criticessa şi Profetul", in Cultura, Nr. 82/2007 Alex. Ştefănescu, who writes that such portrayals caused "great agitation in the literary world", cites the author's own mock-disclaimer: "The identification of some characters with real person constitutes an abuse of interpretation which the author intends to fight off with any legal means." Ştefănescu however cautions against reading Căderea Bastiliei purely as a roman à clef, since the inspiration from "writers' deeds" is "capricious" and the resemblance with real persons "partial".
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His novel Yksin (Alone), published in 1890, controversially bold by the standards of Finnish literature in that epoch, is a roman à clef. Its tale of unrequited love is the autobiographical novel of Aho's passion for Aino Järnefelt who, at that time, was secretly engaged to Jean Sibelius, whom she would later marry. The initial feelings of anger and jealousy that reading the novel provoked in Sibelius were soon forgotten and, in later life, Aho and Sibelius were close friends as well as neighbours in Järvenpää, where the composer had a villa christened "Ainola" (the Place of Aino). Aho married Venny Soldan-Brofeldt in 1891.
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Perennial topics included conspiracy theories (typically aimed at Freemasons, socialists, communists, freethinkers, or any combination thereof), conservative Roman Catholic dogma, the domination of Quebec by English Canada, and the subversive effects of the Boy Scout movement. It survived his death and, under the editorship of his son, ceased publication circa 1920. In the 1890s, he wrote a futuristic roman à clef about Canadian politics called Pour la Patrie (translated into English the 1970s as For My Country). In it, he accused John A. Macdonald, the first Prime Minister of Canada, of being a Freemason who conspired with the devil to oppress Quebec and crush the French language.
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Karl Wolfskehl, Alfred Schuler, Ludwig Klages, Stefan George, Albert Verwey. Photograph by Karl Bauer The Munich Cosmic Circle was a group of writers and intellectuals in Munich, Germany at the turn of the 20th century, founded by esotericist Alfred Schuler (1865–1923), philosopher Ludwig Klages (1872–1956), and poet Karl Wolfskehl (1869–1948). Other members of the group included writer Ludwig Derleth (1870-1948)Where D.H. Lawrence was wrong about woman by Holbrook, David. Bucknell University Press, Associated University Presses, 1992 and the "Bohemian Countess" of Schwabing, Fanny zu Reventlow (1871-1918). She wrote about her experiences with the group in her roman à clef Herrn Dames Aufzeichnungen (1913).
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Critics agree that Burnt Offering, like La Femme chez les garçons (1919), reflects Galzy's experiences as a teacher at the Lycée Lamartine in Paris. To deflect the charge of autobiographical fallacy critics present the novel as a roman à clef rather than as an autobiography. Another autobiographical element is offered by the dedication in the French edition, to Mademoiselle Germaine Normand, Galzy's first-grade teacher in high school in Montpellier. Like Galzy, Marie attended the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles in Sèvres—reputedly a hotbed of lesbianism in those days, and a setting also in Galzy's 1934 novel Jeunes filles en serre chaude.
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Ladies Almanack is a roman à clef of a lesbian literary and artistic circle in Paris, written in an archaic, Rabelaisian style and starring Natalie Barney as Dame Evangeline Musset. Much as Sir Phillip paces his study worrying about Stephen, Dame Musset's father "pac[es] his library in the most normal of Night-Shirts". When, unlike Sir Phillip, he confronts his daughter, she replies confidently: "Thou, good Governor, wast expecting a Son when you lay atop of your Choosing ... Am I not doing after your very Desire, and is it not the more commendable, seeing that I do it without the Tools for the Trade, and yet nothing complain?"Barnes, 8.
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The Girls of Radcliff Hall is a roman à clef novel in the form of a lesbian girls' school story written in the 1930s by the British composer and bon- vivant Gerald Berners, the 14th Lord Berners, under the pseudonym "Adela Quebec", published and distributed privately in 1932. Another trend in the twentieth century was the rise of the lesbian pulp fiction. Works such as The Price of Salt (1952), Spring Fire (1952), Desert of the Heart (1964), and Patience and Sarah (1969) were only a few examples of this subgenre. Many of the authors were women themselves, such as Gale Wilhelm and Ann Bannon.
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Bek's 1965 novel The New Appointment was written as a roman à clef centered around Soviet politician Ivan Tevosian, who under Joseph Stalin's period as head of the Soviet Union had been appointed to play a key role in heading the Soviet metallurgical production. Despite the initial announcement of the book's publication in the pages of Novy Mir, the novel was not published in the Soviet Union until 1986 – in large part as a result of the protests of Tevosian's widow, who complained that the work unfairly discussed the more private aspects of her late husband's life."Бек, Александр Альфредович" ("Bek, Alexander Alfredovich"). Энциклопедия «Кругосвет» (Krugosvet Encyclopedia).
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Described as a Roman à clef by Caine's modern biographer, the novel also used many themes and occurrences from Caine's own life.Hall Caine: Portrait of a Victorian Romancer by Vivian Allen, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997, p. 383 - 384 One notable instance of this is the episode where Bessie is sent away to be educated before she would be fit to marry the educated and higher- class Victor Stowell, which clearly recalls Caine's having set up Mary Chandler in Sevenoaks in order to be educated before their own marriage.Hall Caine: Portrait of a Victorian Romancer by Vivian Allen, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997, p.
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Baldwin defeated Tommy Thompson, a four time Governor of Wisconsin, who was favored in the Senate race and Elizabeth defeated Scott Brown, who was the only incumbent Senator to lose his seat in the November 2012 election. The New York Times has described Grunwald as "smart, tough, gruff, intensely loyal to her candidates, with an air of superiority and great certainty." The Times also wrote, "As her sister, Lisa, a novelist, wrote in Glamour magazine four years ago: 'She was older. Braver. Taller. Meaner. Stronger.'" Grunwald is believed to have been the inspiration for the character "Daisy Green" in the roman à clef of the 1992 presidential campaign, Primary Colors, published by "Anonymous" in 1996.
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La sorellina begins with Jacques unaccounted for. His ailing father believes that he has committed suicide, but Antoine discovers that someone using the name "Jack Baulthy" has recently published a novella in a Swiss magazine and quickly determines that the author is his brother. Written in a florid style and set in Italy, the novella, which itself is entitled La sorellina ("The Little Sister" in Italian) proves to be a roman à clef. Its hero, Giuseppe, has defied his devoutly Catholic father and fallen in love with a young English Protestant named Sybil (based on Jenny); but he has also developed an ardent—and reciprocated—attraction for his younger sister Annetta, a character clearly modeled on Gise.
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By the time his sentence was commuted Krauss had spent twenty months awaiting execution, including a stretch in a death cell in Plötzensee Prison where he shared a cell with chemical engineer , another German resistance fighter. During his time in Plötzensee Werner Krauss was able to write, clandestinely, a satirical Roman à clef entitled "Die Passionen der halkyonischen Seele" ("The Passions of a Halcyon Soul") with an air-force officer (Harro Schulze-Boysen) as its principal protagonist. The book was published after the war, in 1946, characterised as an anti-fascist novel: it was reissued in 1983. Before the war ended, formally in May 1945, and having outlasted his death sentence, Krauss had another close brush with death.
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Primary Colors is a 1998 American comedy-drama film directed by Mike Nichols. The screenplay by Elaine May was adapted from the novel Primary Colors: A Novel of Politics, a roman à clef about Bill Clinton's first presidential campaign in 1992, which was originally published anonymously, but in 1996 was revealed to have been written by journalist Joe Klein, who had been covering Clinton's campaign for Newsweek.Columnist's Mea Culpa: I'm Anonymous, Doreen Carvajal, The New York Times, July 18, 1996 The film starred John Travolta, Emma Thompson, Billy Bob Thornton, Kathy Bates, Maura Tierney, Larry Hagman and Adrian Lester. It was critically acclaimed but was a box office bomb, earning $52 million from a $65 million budget.
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The story is presented as a letter of complaint, or rather an appeal, written by Wermai to his 'brother', the royal scribe, Usermarenakht. Usermarenakht is urged to send the letter on to an undisclosed benefactor, believed to be the king, who, Wermai believes, will come to his rescue. In 1962 G. Fecht published the theory that the story was in fact a roman à clef, containing veiled references to the suppression of Amenhotep (High Priest of Amun) by the Viceroy of Nubia Pinehesy, with the name Wermai interpreted as a wordplay on a similar-sounding pontifical title.G. Fecht, ZÄS 87 (1962), 12-31 In recent years, Fecht's view has been revived by Ad Thijs.
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During his tenure at SF Weekly, Mecklin began working on his roman à clef High Stakes Texas Bingo. In it, Mecklin satirizes Houston politics, as he experienced it during his time at the Houston Post. The novel, which involves semi-fictitious corrupt county judges, shipping magnates, and even vice president George H.W. Bush, focuses on the machinations of Jackie Belfast (real name: Terry O’Rourke), a Democrat and attorney who, after a stint in President Jimmy Carter's White House and a subsequent period in California, returned to Houston to face off with his rival, Bingo Satwell (real name: Harris County Commissioner "Boss" Bob Eckels). Excerpts from the novel, which has attracted a sizable underground following, are available online.
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Heatherton also appeared in the movies Twilight of Honor (1963), Where Love Has Gone (1964), and My Blood Runs Cold (1965). In her film debut, Twilight of Honor, she played the young wife of an accused murderer (Oscar-nominee Nick Adams). The only one of the three films to be made in color, 1964's Where Love Has Gone, was a big-budget melodrama based on Harold Robbins' roman à clef about the scandalous Lana Turner-Cheryl Crane-Johnny Stompanato manslaughter case, with Heatherton playing the daughter of the Turner character (Susan Hayward). The William Conrad thriller My Blood Runs Cold marked Heatherton's first leading role in a film, opposite Troy Donahue.
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Modern scholars argue in favor of a 2nd–1st century context for the Book of Judith, understanding it as a sort of roman à clef, i.e. a literary fiction whose characters stand for some real historical figure, generally contemporary to the author. In the case of the Book of Judith, Biblical scholar Gabriele Boccaccini,A Pious Seductress: Studies in the Book of Judith (Deuterocanonical and Cognate Literature Studies 14), Berlin/New York: De Gruyter, 2012.<\--ISSN/ISBN, page(s) needed--> identified Nebuchadnezzar with Tigranes the Great (140–56 BC), a powerful King of Armenia who, according to Josephus and Strabo, conquered all of the lands identified by the Biblical author in Judith.
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The Human Revolution (Japanese: Ningen Kakumei) is a roman à clef written by Daisaku Ikeda, the third and honorary president of the Soka Gakkai, chronicling the efforts of Jōsei Toda, the second president of the Soka Gakkai, to construct this Buddhist organization upon his release from Sugamo Prison at the end of World War II. The Human Revolution has sold millions of copies and served as the source of two movies of the same name produced by Toho Company and directed by Toshio Masuda. The novel was printed in 30 volumes. Ikeda began writing The Human Revolution on December 2, 1964. The book has been translated into English, French, Portuguese, German, Spanish, Chinese (traditional version), Korean, Italian and Dutch.
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He supervised and prefaced numerous editions of classic and modern writers, from Mihai Eminescu and Ion Creangă to Tudor Arghezi, George Bacovia, Emil Botta and Călinescu, whose Istoria literaturii române de la origini până în prezent he revised and enlarged into a second edition in 1982. According to critic Cornel Moraru, Piru's novel Cearta (1969) and his verses in Jurnalul literar confirm his literary talent. Alex. Ștefănescu finds that the novel, which deals with the mores of the intellectual class, with an emphasis on erotic relations, was an unsuitable medium for Piru, who remained precise and prosaic even when attempting jocularity. He notes that it is a roman à clef, like Călinescu's Bietul Ioanide, but minor in comparison.
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Unable to work in public television after the junta, Mastorakis turned to commercials and features and eventually left the country in 1975 to pursue his career as a B-movie-maker overseas. He had already made two low budget movies, one of which later became a cult classic (Island of Death) and while living in London he wrote the screenplay for The Greek Tycoon (1978), a roman à clef based on his encounters with Aristotle Onassis. The movie, financed by Allan Klein, starred Anthony Quinn and Jacqueline Bisset and was distributed by Universal. Mastorakis landed a two-year contract with Paramount but he turned independent with Blood Tide (1982) which he wrote and produced.
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McInerney's roman à clef opened a prescient glimpse into the notorious horse murders scandal, which did not become known to the public until 1992, when Sports Illustrated magazine published a confession from the man who had murdered Lisa Druck's horse at her father's behest, in order to claim the insurance on its life. McInerney also has a cameo role in Ellis's Lunar Park, attending the Halloween party Bret hosts at his house. It was later revealed that McInerney was not pleased with his representation in the novel. Throughout his career, McInerney has struggled against the strong, almost indelible, image of himself as both the author and protagonist of Bright Lights, Big City.
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49 Belgrave Square The Herberts lived at Number 49 in fashionable Belgrave Square, which Baron Herbert named "Belgrave Villa". Lady Herbert was the intimate friend and correspondent of many eminent Victorians, including politicians, such as Benjamin Disraeli, Palmerston and Gladstone; reformers, such as Florence Nightingale; and leaders in the Roman Catholic revival, such as Cardinal Newman, Cardinal Vaughan and Cardinal Manning. She figures as Lady Chiselhurst in W.H. Mallock's novel, The Old Order Changes (1886), and as Lady St Jerome in Disraeli's roman à clef, Lothair (1870). Disraeli described her as: > She was the daughter of a Protestant house, but, during a residence at Rome > after her marriage, she had reverted to the ancient faith, which she > professed with the enthusiastic convictions of a convert.
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The political novel, The Writing on the Wall, an anti-war novel and roman à clef based on a possible John McCain presidency in 2008, warns against war with Iran by portraying a worst-case scenario of its outcomes. In it, author Hannes Artens portrays a global depression as a result of the oil price shooting past $140 per barrel and depicts the falsity of thinking that limited aerial strikes on Iran will end the problem. The story shows them eventually leading to a ground invasion and a military draft in the United States. The book ends with the Iran war escalating into a conflagration seizing the entire Middle East and ultimately culminates in a nuclear showdown between Pakistan and India after an Islamist coup in Pakistan.
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A lesbian, she settled on the Mediterranean island of Capri in the early 1900s, where her lifestyle raised fewer eyebrows than elsewhere in Europe. In 1918, she entered into a lesbian affair with an Italian socialite (and baroness) Mimì Franchetti. The two remained together for just over a year, until Franchetti left Capri and linked with the prominent American artist Romaine Brooks. Borgatti had an affair with Faith Compton Mackenzie,Infinite variety: the life and legend of the Marchesa Casati By Scot D. Ryersson, Michael Orlando Yaccarino, p99 whose husband Compton Mackenzie wrote of the island's lesbian residents in the 1928 satirical roman à clef Extraordinary Women, about a group of lesbians arriving on the island of Sirene, a fictional version of Capri.
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Disappointed, he felt unwanted in Ireland and abandoned by the British. Like many members of the landed gentry from the 1880s who were obliged to turn to other occupations, he could no longer rely on income from landholdings. He wrote extensively, in a wide range of styles, in verse and prose, over several decades. His writings include The Oppidan (1922), a roman à clef about his life and contemporaries at Eton, an edition of the Letters of Herbert Cardinal Vaughan to Lady Herbert of Lea (1942), and a biography Mrs Fitzherbert: a life chiefly from unpublished sources (1939), together with an edition of her letters (with Maria Anne Fitzherbert), The letters of Mrs Fitzherbert and connected papers; being the second volume of the life of Mrs.
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The Yacoubian Building ( ‘Imārat Ya‘qūbyān) is a novel by Egyptian author Alaa-Al-Aswany. The book was made into a film of the same name in 2006 and into a TV series in 2007. Published in Arabic in 2002 and in an English translation in 2004, the book, ostensibly set in 1990 at about the time of the first Gulf War, is a roman à clef and scathing portrayal of modern Egyptian society since the Revolution of 1952. The locale of the novel is downtown Cairo, with the titular apartment building (which actually exists) serving as both a metaphor for contemporary Egypt and a unifying location in which most of the primary characters either live or work and in which much of the novel's action takes place.
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First privately printed edition The Girls of Radcliff Hall is a roman à clef novel in the form of a lesbian girls' school story written in the 1930s by the British composer and bon-vivant Gerald Berners, the 14th Lord Berners, under the pseudonym "Adela Quebec", published and distributed privately in 1932.Judith Still, Michael Worton, Textuality and Sexuality: reading theories and practices, Manchester University Press, 1993, , p. 190 Berners depicts himself and his circle of friends, including Cecil Beaton and Oliver Messel, as lesbian schoolgirls at a school named "Radcliff Hall" (punning on the name of the famous lesbian writer).Mark Amory, Lord Berners: The Last Eccentric, London, 1998 Bryony Jones, The Music of Lord Berners (1883–1950): The Versatile Peer, Ashgate Publishing, 2003, , pp.
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Traditionally the treatment of historical figures in fiction was realistic in style and respectful of fact. A historical novel would be true to the facts known about the period in which the novel is set, a biographical novel would follow the facts that are known about the protagonist's life, and a "roman à clef" would try to give an accurate interpretation of what is known about a public figure's private life. In each genre, the novelist would avoid introducing any elements that were clearly in conflict with the facts. A writer may be handicapped by his readers' preconceptions about a historical person, which may or may not be accurate, and the facts about the historical person may also conflict with the novelist's plot requirements.
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99 who was connected to Romaine Brooks. Compton Mackenzie's observations on the local life of the Italian islanders and foreign residents led to at least two novels, Vestal Fire (1927) and Extraordinary Women (1928). The latter, a roman à clef about a group of lesbians arriving on the island of Sirene, a fictional version of Capri, was published in Britain in the same year as two other ground-breaking novels with lesbian themes, Virginia Woolf's love letter to Vita Sackville-West, Orlando, and Radclyffe Hall's controversial polemic, The Well of Loneliness, but Mackenzie's satire did not attract legal attention. He was a friend of Axel Munthe, who built Villa San Michele, and Edwin Cerio, who later became mayor of Capri.
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As if she, a hag, a jew, a poet, a failed filmmaker, a former go-go dancer—an intellectual, a wife, as if she had the right to go right up to the end of the book and live having felt all that. I Love Dick boldly suggests that Chris Kraus' unswervingly attempted and felt female life is a total work and it didn't kill her."New York Magazine - 17 November 1997 - Page 20 "But this first literary effort by Chris Kraus, an alternative filmmaker who is also a fiction editor at Semiotext(e), got the wrong kind of attention. Her confessional roman à clef about the mossy realm of academe and the glossy SoHo-Chelsea art scene nearly landed her in court.
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Credit card transactions were leaked to the gossip magazine Se og Hør. The 2014 Se og Hør media scandal (Danish: Se og Hør-sagen), also known as the Nets-scandal (Danish: Nets-skandalen) or the hush-hush scandal (Danish: tys- tys-skandalen), was a media and IT surveillance scandal in Denmark that broke in 2014. An IT professional employed at IBM leaked sensitive personal data from the Nordic payment services company Nets to the Danish gossip magazine Se og Hør, which allowed the magazine to obtain information on celebrities' and other individuals' use of credit cards. The scandal came to public attention late in April 2014 after the publication (in Denmark) of the journalist and author Ken B. Rasmussen's roman à clef Livet, det forbanede (English: Life, the damned).
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Thomas Mann referred to Bilse and his novel when he found himself subjected to a "trial by press" ("Preßprozeß") in his home town of Lübeck, a fictionalized description of which he had published in his own novel Buddenbrooks. Mann's essay "Bilse and I" ("Bilse und ich", 1906) defends the right of writers to fictionalize living persons, which had been held against Mann by several of the burghers of Lübeck. However, Mann was also at pains to draw a distinction between "taking liberties and the writer's freedom" ("Frechheit und Freiheit"). Mann further noted that his accusers had called Buddenbrooks a "Bilse-Novel" ("Bilse-Roman"), a phrase which, for a while, became synonymous with roman à clef in German.Thomas Mann, „Bilse und ich“, in idem, Gesammelte Werke in zehn Bänden (Frankfurt/Main: S. Fischer, 1925), vol.
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He noted that "the care of very young children is women's work, for nurses or the mother," and that at the earliest possible age children should be taught the alphabet. With great hopes, he gave the work to his family to read, but in his autobiography Alberti confesses that "he could hardly avoid feeling rage, moreover, when he saw some of his relatives openly ridiculing both the whole work and the author's futile enterprise along it." Momus, written between 1443 and 1450, was a misogynist comedy about the Olympian gods. It has been considered as a roman à clef—Jupiter has been identified in some sources as Pope Eugenius IV and Pope Nicholas V. Alberti borrowed many of its characters from Lucian, one of his favorite Greek writers.
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Redemption, the first novel by author, historian and former Trotskyist Tariq Ali, is a roman à clef and apostate satire of the inability of Trotskyists to handle the downfall of the Eastern bloc. In it Ezra Einstein (a thinly disguised Ernest Mandel) calls a conference whose British sections are 'the Hoods' (the WRP), 'the Rockers' (SWP) and 'the Burrowers League' (Militant). Also invited are the 'Proletarian International Socialist Party of American Workers' (PISPAW) (SWP-US) and representatives from the 'New Life Journal' (New Left Review). It contains portraits of other well-known figures in the Trotskyist movement including Gerry Healy (Frank Hood), Tony Cliff (Jimmy Rock), Ted Grant (Jed Burroughs), Chris Harman (Nutty Shardman), Paul Foot (Alex Mango), Jack Barnes (Jim Noble), Michel Pablo ('Diablo') and Vanessa Redgrave (Laura Shaw).
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She has appeared in roles as diverse as in The Naked Civil Servant opposite John Hurt, shortly after she featured in the BBC's 1975 Christmas production Great Big Groovy Horse, a rock opera based on the story of the Trojan Horse shown on BBC2 starring Julie Covington, Bernard Cribbins and Paul Jones. It was later repeated on BBC1 in 1977. She featured as Myra Arundel in the 1984 BBC version of Noël Coward's Hay Fever, as Margaret Thatcher in The Falklands Play, and in 2007 as Betty, the wife of tycoon Robert Maxwell, in the BBC TV drama Maxwell opposite David Suchet. She took the female lead in the 1983 film, Betrayal (based on Harold Pinter's play Betrayal), a roman à clef derived from the playwright's affair with broadcaster Joan Bakewell.
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The novel is often described as Kafkaesque, but Nabokov claimed that at the time he wrote the book, he was unfamiliar with German and "completely ignorant" of Franz Kafka's work. Nabokov interrupted his work on The Gift in order to write Invitation to a Beheading, describing the creation of the first draft as "one fortnight of wonderful excitement and sustained inspiration." Some scholars have argued that the central plot of Invitation to a Beheading has its roots in Chernyshevski, a character from The Gift. Another view is that the novel functions as a roman à clef with the Platonic Socrates as its target. While Nabokov stated in an interview that of all his novels, he held the greatest affection for Lolita, it was for Invitation to a Beheading that he held the greatest “esteem”.
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On the Road is a 1957 novel by American writer Jack Kerouac, based on the travels of Kerouac and his friends across the United States. It is considered a defining work of the postwar Beat and Counterculture generations, with its protagonists living life against a backdrop of jazz, poetry, and drug use. The novel is a roman à clef, with many key figures of the Beat movement, such as William S. Burroughs (Old Bull Lee), Allen Ginsberg (Carlo Marx), and Neal Cassady (Dean Moriarty) represented by characters in the book, including Kerouac himself as the narrator Sal Paradise. The idea for On the Road, Kerouac's second novel, was formed during the late 1940s in a series of notebooks, and then typed out on a continuous reel of paper during three weeks in April 1951.
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While "I Wait for Miracles" claims neither to be autobiographical nor a roman à clef, it was written in 1941 while Hitler was in power in Germany and the Second World War was on-going. Despite the author's protestations, it is a novel based upon the events of the day, and in particular the events in Munich during the German Revolution of 1918-1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic, and the rise of National Socialism from 1920 to 1925. Hitler is unfavorably portrayed as the character named "Icarus," a soldier who first mesmerizes Munich audiences in the chapter entitled The Mass Meeting. It also depicts with less accuracy the 14 September 1921 assault by Hitler on the separatist Otto Ballerstedt, which resulted in Hitler being convicted and sentenced to 100 days in jail.
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Ladies Almanack, its complete title being Ladies Almanack: showing their Signs and their Tides; their Moons and their Changes; the Seasons as it is with them; their Eclipses and Equinoxes; as well as a full Record of diurnal and nocturnal Distempers, written & illustrated by a lady of fashion, was written by Djuna Barnes in 1928. This roman à clef catalogues the amorous intrigues of Barnes' lesbian network centered in Natalie Clifford Barney's salon in Paris. Written as a winking pastiche of Restoration wit, the slender volume is illustrated by Barnes's Elizabethan-inspired woodcuts. Natalie Barney appears as Dame Evangeline Musset, "who was in her Heart one Grand Red Cross for the Pursuance, the Relief and the Distraction, of such Girls as in their Hinder Parts, and their Fore Parts, and in whatsoever Parts did suffer them most, lament Cruelly".
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Although Merry is happy, she can't help but envy Liz for her glamorous career as an author. Merry decides to write a book of her own and, with Liz's assistance, A House by the Sea, a trashy roman à clef about the Malibu colony, finds a publisher and becomes a huge best-seller. Before long Merry is a darling of the media and her fame and fortune surpass those of Liz (who is experiencing a severe case of writer's block), leading to jealousy between the old friends and problems in Merry's marriage. The film takes place over the course of 22 years, first depicting Merry's and Doug's elopement in 1959, and then picking up during three segments, taking place in 1969, 1975 and 1981, showing changes in the characters' relationships (and society) over the course of two decades.
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Kross was always very skilful at always remaining just within the bounds of what the Soviet authorities could accept. Kross also enjoyed playing with the identities of people who have the same, or nearly the same, name. This occurs in Professor Martens' Departure where two different Martens-figures are discussed, legal experts who lived several decades apart, and in Sailing Against the Wind where in one dream sequence the protagonist Bernhard Schmidt meets a number of others named Schmidt. When Kross was already in his late 70s he gave a series of lectures at Tartu University explaining certain aspects of his novels, not least the roman à clef dimension, given the fact that quite a few of his characters are based on real-life people, both in the truly historical novels and the semi- autobiographical ones.
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De Borchgrave and Moss envision a scenario in which the KGB exploits the attitudes of the unsuspecting Western media, which was allegedly more interested in unmasking CIA agents than stopping the Soviets, threatening to thwart Hockney's big scoop. The best-selling book was marketed not only as a spy thriller but an exposé of real-life Washington. Time called the book a roman à clef for its fictionalized versions of real people and organizations, including Zbigniew Brzezinski and the radical left-wing magazine Ramparts. In a 1980 interview with The New York Times, de Borchgrave mentions that he came up with the idea for a novel after he and his wife had to hide in the English countryside, after anonymous threats were made in response to a Newsweek article he wrote that named some of the terrorists behind the 1972 Munich massacre.
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The radical political work of the International, Bernstein argues, "should not be subject to the same weaknesses" and "modes of continuity or looseness" as friendship, despite the unavoidable friendships that develop within the group. In her estimation, personal relationships must always remain secondary to the larger Situationist effort. Bernstein published two détourned novels through Buchet/Chastel, whose moderate success helped her convince her publisher to publish Debord's major theoretical text, The Society of the Spectacle (1967), despite its non- commercial nature. In All The King's Horses (Tous les chevaux du roi, 1960; republished Paris: Allia, 2004) and The Night (La Nuit, 1961; republished by Allia in 2013), Bernstein tells the same story in two different ways, adapting the plot of Les Liaisons dangereuses to create a 'roman à clef despite itself' featuring characters based on herself, Debord and his lover Michèle Mochot.
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He wrote extensively in opposition to Riel's cause, and his columns incensed the citizenry of Red River. At a dinner given by Alexander Begg; Annie McDermot Bannatyne, the Métis daughter of Andrew McDermot and wife of Andrew Graham Ballenden Bannatyne, reacted to Mair's account of tensions between Métis and white wives with a public slap and horse-whipping, which inspired the first western roman- à-clef, Begg's 1871 Dot it Down: A Story of Life in the Northwest,Begg, Alexander Dot it Down: A Story of Life in the Northwest; Hunter, Rose and Company; Toronto, Canada, 1871. presenting "a caricature of Mair as a self- important Upper Canadian flirt who dots down his sneering observations about the west", according to the Dictionary of Canadian Biography. In 1885, during the second Riel Rebellion, Mair served an Officer of the Governor-General's Body Guard.
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250 For a period of about six years in the 1950s, after National Service, he supported himself by manual labour and other menial jobs. By 1956 he rented the top-floor flat at 10, Compayne Gardens, Hampstead, (), the house of Bernice Rubens, who later won the Booker Prize, and her husband Rudolph Nassauer, also a published novelist, later. Silkin, in turn, sublet rooms to, among others, David Mercer, later a prolific TV and West End dramatist, and Malcolm Ross-Macdonald, then a diploma student at the Slade and later a novelist; his first novel, The Big Waves (Cape, 1962) is a roman à clef of life in that flat, in which Silkin features as Somes Arenstein. All three men lived by teaching English as a Foreign Language at the St Giles School of English in Oxford Street.
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In June the following year, he married Christine, the partner of Thierry Jouno, so that his royalty income would eventually pass to her and her two children. In 1990, Guibert publicly revealed his HIV status in his roman à clef À l'ami qui ne m'a pas sauvé la vie (published in English as To the Friend Who Did Not Save My Life). Guibert immediately found himself the focus of media attention, featured in newspapers and appearing on several television talk shows. Two more books also detailing the progress of his illness followed: Le Protocole compassionnel (published in English as The Compassionate Protocol) and L'Homme au chapeau rouge (published in English as The Man In The Red Hat), which was released posthumously in January 1992, the same month French television screened La Pudeur ou l'impudeur, a home-made film by Guibert of his last year as he lost his battle against AIDS.
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His poetry attracted some attention and was set to music by Ernest Bloch, Gustave Charpentier, and Ernest Chausson and Nadia Boulanger.Nadia Boulanger, Ten Songs, Hildegard Publishing Co. His best- known novel is Le Soleil des morts (1898), a roman à clef containing fictionalized portraits of leading avant-garde writers, artists, and musicians of the 1890s, which has been recognized as an important historical document of the fin de siècle. He also wrote several non-fiction books about music including Schumann (1906), The Religion of Music (1909), The History of European Music from 1850-1914 (1914) and The Heroes of the Orchestra (1921) which contributed greatly to French awareness of musical trends in turn-of- the-century Paris. As art critic at the Mercure de France, he attacked artists such as Paul Gauguin and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, though he expressed his admiration when their work became accepted.
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As with The Last Hurrah, it is not a roman à clef but the clan is certainly reminiscent of the Kennedy family. "Edwin O'Connor, the author of The Last Hurrah, summed up the era in his final novel, All in the Family: 'Corruption here had a shoddy, penny-ante quality it did not have in other states....Here everything was up for grabs and nothing was too small to steal....In our politics there seemed to be a depthless cushion of street-corner cynicism, a special kind of tainted, small-time fellowship which sent out a complex of vines and shoots so interconnected that even the sleaziest poolroom bookie managed, in some way, however obscure, to be in touch with the mayor's office or the governor's chair.'"Howie Carr (2013), The Brothers Bulger: How They Terrorized and Corrupted Boston for a Quarter Century, with a new afterword, New York: Grand Central, p. 41, .
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In 1988 -- long before the arrest of Tommy Burns and the subsequent unraveling of the horse murders conspiracy of silence -- "Brat Pack" novelist Jay McInerney based a roman à clef novel, titled Story of My Life, on the young adulthood of his former girlfriend Lisa Druck, James Druck's daughter. McInerney's novel implies that the cause of protagonist Alison Poole's "party girl" behavior is her father's abuse, including the murder of her prize jumping horse. McInerney has said that he chose to write about Druck and her friends because he was both "intrigued and appalled" by their behavior, and the lead character, Alison Poole, who was closely modeled after Druck, was described as "an ostensibly jaded, cocaine- addled, sexually voracious 20-year old." Story of My Life opens with Alison Poole's description of her father and her seemingly casual comment that she gave up riding when her horse -- called "Dangerous Dan" in the story -- suddenly "dropped dead," details that closely parallel Lisa Druck's early life.
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404–409 in "Pragmatism" by Peirce in The Essential Peirce v. 2. For example, art work can exploit both the richness and the limits of the audience's experience; a novelist, in disguising a roman à clef, counts on the typical reader's lack of personal experience with the actual individual people portrayed. Then the reader refers the signs and interpretants in a general way to an object or objects of the kind that is represented (intentionally or otherwise) by the novel. In all cases, the object (be it a quality or fact or law or even fictional) determines the sign to an interpretant through one's collateral experience with the object, collateral experience in which the object is newly found or from which it is recalled, even if it is experience with an object of imagination as called into being by the sign, as can happen not only in fiction but in theories and mathematics, all of which can involve mental experimentation with the object under specifiable rules and constraints.
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The date of composition for the Cyclops is not precisely known, but it must be prior to 388 BC, when Aristophanes parodied it in his comedy Plutus (Wealth); and probably after 406 BC, when Dionysius I became tyrant of Syracuse. Philoxenus lived in that city and was the court poet of Dionysius I. According to ancient commentators, either because of his frankness regarding Dionysius' poetry, or because of a conflict with the tyrant over a female aulos player named Galatea, Philoxenus was imprisoned in the quarries and had there composed his Cyclops in the manner of a Roman à clef, where the poem's characters, Polyphemus, Odysseus and Galatea, were meant to represent Dionysius, Philoxenus, and the aulos-player. Philoxenus had his Polyphemus perform on the cithara, a professional lyre requiring great skill. The Cyclops playing such a sophisticated and fashionable instrument would have been quite a surprising juxtaposition for Philoxenus' audience. Philoxenus' Cyclops is also referred to in Aristotle’s Poetics in a section that discusses representations of people in tragedy and comedy, citing as comedic examples the Cyclops of both Timotheus and Philoxenus.
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Marx also wrote over a dozen books, including The Ordeal of Willie Brown (1951) a humorous fictionalization of his tennis years, and Not as a Crocodile (1958) a collection of family oriented humor essays. His books also included Goldwyn: A Biography of the Man Behind the Myth (1976), Red Skelton (1979), The Nine Lives of Mickey Rooney (1988), The Secret Life of Bob Hope and the tennis-themed murder mystery Set to Kill (both 1993). His next novel, Tulip (2004) was a thriller-mystery and it was followed in 2008 by Lust For Death, a roman à clef about a Bob Hope-like character named Jack Faith. His 1974 book on Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis entitled Everybody Loves Somebody Sometime (Especially Himself) was adapted into the 2002 made-for-television movie Martin and Lewis. Marx also wrote several books featuring different takes on his relationship with his father, including Life with Groucho (1954), Son of Groucho (1972), a reworking and update of the 1954 volume renamed My Life With Groucho (1992), and Arthur Marx’s Groucho: A Photographic Journey (2001).
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We were passionate, rebels against a woman's lot, voluptuous and cerebral little apostles, rather poetical, full of illusions and dreams. We loved long hair, pretty breasts, pouts, simpers, charm, grace; not boyishness." Their amorous relationship lasted less than a year and their love letters reflect they passions they shared and also the conflicts. The two were said to have had deep feelings for each other for the remainder of their lives, although their relationship was not without its ups and downs. In Women Lovers, Barney recounts the bittersweet romantic rivalry she shared with Pougy in a "barely disguised roman à clef" in which "Barney, the dashing Italian baroness Mimi Franchetti, and the beautiful French courtesan Liane de Pougy share erotic liaisons that break all taboos and end in devastation as one unexpectedly becomes the “third woman.” For her part, Pougy depicts their relationship in My Blue Notebooks as one that grew more distant over the years, possibly ending in 1934 when the two ran into each other in Toulon, but did not exchange a word.
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Gardner McFall in The New York Times in 1999 opined "In this novel, which was a finalist for the 1997 Booker Prize, Madeleine St. John shapes what might have been a bathetic story into a brisk, sophisticated and artful narrative buoyed by an ironic use of the religious imagery of hell, salvation and resurrection.""Books" by Gardner McFall The New York Times, 24 January 1999 The book was re-issuedThe Essence of the Thing - Text Publishing in 2013 as part of the Text Publishing Text Classics series. At the time of the publication of that edition Gay Lynch wrote in Transnational Literature: "The prose is spare, supple and elegant, and constructed for the most part in dialogue that, occasionally, falls into a mechanical 'jolly hockey-sticks' register, with frequent play on the words 'whizzy' and the suffix 'ish'...Nevertheless, St John is a fine writer and this book is no grungy Australian bildungsroman; it is more a comedy of manners, perhaps or a Roman à clef."Transnational Literature, Vol.
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Early in the book, two pawns – one white, one black – go missing from the chessboard in Tal's father's study. The book is divided into three main sections, each named after an element of chess theory, again as allegories to the themes within the book; Nowotny Interference, in which two black pieces obstruct one another; Turton Doubling, when one white piece withdraws to enable a second white piece to move in front of it and jointly attack the black king; and Unprovided Flight, where only one move is available to the black king, and checkmate is imminent. The final chapter is entitled "Double Excelsior", in reference to the Excelsior problem, linking back to the Judge's original note for Talcott, and suggesting the one remaining black pawn (Tal) and the last white pawn (Ziegler) had been slowly moving toward one another, to be promoted to knights, with the only apparent ending being for the two pieces to collude (known as a "helpmate"), and the only possible result being that the black side must lose. In a lengthy author's note at the end of the novel, Carter says that the book was decidedly not a roman à clef.
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In October 1941, Sykes was sent out to Tehran as Deputy Director of Special Propaganda under diplomatic cover (Second Secretary at the British Legation) in the aftermath of the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran, where he remained until November 1942, when he was transferred to Cairo. Out of a job because his department had been wound up, Sykes found time to write a light novel, High Minded Murder (1944), something of a roman à clef, set in wartime Cairo where Graham Greene's sister Elizabeth was living (Sykes mentions Greene in his biography of Waugh). Meanwhile, after failing to find any position as an intelligence officer in the Middle East, Sykes returned to the UK in May 1943, volunteered for the Special Air Service (SAS), and was posted to the Commando Training Depot at Achnacarry Castle, Invernesshire on 1 July 1943. As an SAS officer, Sykes, who spoke fluent French but could not pass as a native, undertook extremely hazardous work with the French Resistance: an experience which, like his friendship with Byron, was depicted in Four Studies in Loyalty (dedicated to the town of Vosges), this time in that book's last chapter.
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He went on to pen best sellers such as Slaughterhouse-Five and Cat's Cradle. Author and folk singer Richard Fariña also dropped out in his final year, but wrote his roman à clef Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me about his Cornell years. Lauren Weisberger ('99) wrote The Devil Wears Prada, later adapted into a 2006 film of the same name starring Meryl Streep and Anne Hathaway. Media personalities who have graduated from Cornell include conservative Ann Coulter ('84)Karlgaard, Rich. Life 2.0: How People Across America Are Transforming Their Lives by Finding the Where of Their Happiness. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2005. 41. and liberals Bill Maher ('78) and Keith Olbermann ('79). Several Cornellians have also achieved critical acclaim in entertainment. Dan Duryea ('28) became a well-known Hollywood Actor in the 1940s-1960s,Dan Duryea's Childhood and School Years at Dan Duryea Central Christopher Reeve ('74) played Superman, Frank Morgan was The Wizard of Oz, Jimmy Smits ('82) was in Star Wars: Attack of the Clones, Ronald D. Moore created the 2004 remake of Battlestar Galactica, Justin H. Min was in the Netflix original series The Umbrella Academy and Kovid Gupta became a bestselling author and Bollywood media mogul.
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