Our vast natural resources were processed into manufactured goods for sale domestically and, residually, to the world.
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While Provincetown is residually bohemian and Palm Springs outwardly conventional, both offer the same promise of protection, a camaraderie of shared otherness.
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The best Cuts exercise firm aesthetic command, which will count for those, like me, who are residually enamored of art for art's sake.
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Employment did not decrease in places where wages went up, and there was actually a residually positive effect on wages for other lower-income workers.
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" "Finally, the longer-term context of record multi-year drought just a year or so ago meant that some of the region's forests remain residually stressed.
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From the particular standpoint of Israeli national security, further encouraging such an allowance would make it increasingly difficult or operationally impossible to mount any residually defensive preemption against Iran.
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But he might overperform in Rust Belt states where the white working class is still a residually liberal swing vote, and where there are a lot of disaffected independents who sat out 2012.
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The old faith of don't-call-it-Western-civilization is at once too residually influential and politically threatening to escape the passive-aggressive frenmity of liberalism, and yet too weak and compromised and frankly self-sabotaging to fully shape a conservative alternative.
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Examples of groups that are residually finite are finite groups, free groups, finitely generated nilpotent groups, polycyclic- by-finite groups, finitely generated linear groups, and fundamental groups of 3-manifolds. Subgroups of residually finite groups are residually finite, and direct products of residually finite groups are residually finite. Any inverse limit of residually finite groups is residually finite. In particular, all profinite groups are residually finite.
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Examples of non-residually finite groups can be constructed using the fact that all finitely generated residually finite groups are Hopfian groups. For example the Baumslag–Solitar group B(2,3) is not Hopfian, and therefore not residually finite.
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It is known that a monoid with finitely many left and right ideals is finitely presented (or just finitely generated) if and only if all of its Schutzenberger groups are finitely presented (respectively, finitely generated). Similarly such a monoid is residually finite if and only if all of its Schutzenberger groups are residually finite.
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There is something residually haughty in its demeanour, something defiantly unvulgar in the pride with which it stands on its regal, multi-spoked wheels.
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In the mathematical field of group theory, a group is residually X (where X is some property of groups) if it "can be recovered from groups with property X". Formally, a group G is residually X if for every non-trivial element g there is a homomorphism h from G to a group with property X such that h(g) eq e. More categorically, a group is residually X if it embeds into its pro-X completion (see profinite group, pro-p group), that is, the inverse limit of the inverse system consisting of all morphisms \phi\colon G \to H from G to some group H with property X.
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Daniel Wise obtained his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1996 supervised by Martin Bridson His thesis was titled non-positively curved squared complexes, aperiodic tilings, and non- residually finite groups.
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Every solvable group is hypoabelian, and so is every free group. More generally, every residually solvable group is hypoabelian. The quotient of a group G by its perfect core is hypoabelian, and is called the hypoabelianization of G.
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Examples of surjunctive groups include all locally residually finite groups,Ceccherini- Silberstein & Coornaert (2010) p.60 all free groups, all subgroups of surjunctive groups,Ceccherini-Silberstein & Coornaert (2010) p.58 all abelian groups, all sofic groups,Ceccherini-Silberstein & Coornaert (2010) p.276 and every locally surjunctive group.
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Every group G may be made into a topological group by taking as a basis of open neighbourhoods of the identity, the collection of all normal subgroups of finite index in G. The resulting topology is called the profinite topology on G. A group is residually finite if, and only if, its profinite topology is Hausdorff. A group whose cyclic subgroups are closed in the profinite topology is said to be \Pi_C\,. Groups, each of whose finitely generated subgroups are closed in the profinite topology are called subgroup separable (also LERF, for locally extended residually finite). A group in which every conjugacy class is closed in the profinite topology is called conjugacy separable.
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In the field of combinatorial group theory, it is an important and early result that free groups are residually nilpotent. In fact the quotients of the lower central series are free abelian groups with a natural basis defined by basic commutators, . If Gω = Gn for some finite n, then Gω is the smallest normal subgroup of G with nilpotent quotient, and Gω is called the nilpotent residual of G. This is always the case for a finite group, and defines the F1(G) term in the lower Fitting series for G. If Gω ≠ Gn for all finite n, then G/Gω is not nilpotent, but it is residually nilpotent. There is no general term for the intersection of all terms of the transfinite lower central series, analogous to the hypercenter (below).
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They survived residually until 1923–1924. The Left Socialist Revolutionaries divided into a number of factions. The Left-SR "activists", led by Donat Cherepanov, Maria Spiridonova & Boris Kamkov, took part in armed demonstrations against the leadership of the Soviet Union. The "legalist" movement, led by Isaac Steinberg, advocated public criticism of the Bolsheviks and the struggle against them only by peaceful means.
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1999, 219, 16–79. and Kharlampovich O. Kharlampovich, A. Myasnikov, Irreducible affine varieties over a free group. I: Irreducibility of quadratic equations and nullstellensatz, J. Algebra, V. 200, 492–516 (1998), O. Kharlampovich, A. Myasnikov, Irreducible affine varieties over a free group. II: Systems in row-echelon form and description of residually free groups, J. Algebra, V. 200, 517–570 (1998).
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48 (1984), no. 5, pp. 939-985 This result answered a long-standing open problem posed by John Milnor in 1968 about the existence of finitely generated groups of intermediate growth. Grigorchuk's group has a number of other remarkable mathematical properties. It is a finitely generated infinite residually finite 2-group (that is, every element of the group has a finite order which is a power of 2).
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The opportunities are re-channeled into management strategy or goal-setting processes. 'Risk assessment': The risks are analyzed, considering the probability and impact, as a basis for determining how they should be managed. The risks are inherently and residually assessed. Post comments Record Saved Community 'Risk response:' Management selects risk responses, avoiding, accepting, reducing or sharing risk, developing a set of actions to align risks with the entity's risk appetite and risk appetite.
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The gap branch is rarely relied on because there is so little left to default to the federal government after taking into account the enumerated provincial power over property and civil rights under section 92(13) which applies to any transaction, person or activity that is found within the province. Historically new subject matters, such as aeronautics, do not necessarily fall residually to the federal government, per Johannesson v West St Paul (Rural Municipality of), 1952.
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In mathematics, a sofic group is a group whose Cayley graph is an initially subamenable graph, or equivalently a subgroup of an ultraproduct of finite- rank symmetric groups such that every two elements of the group have distance 1.Ceccherini-Silberstein & Coornaert (2010) p. 276 They were introduced by as a common generalization of amenable and residually finite groups. The name "sofic", from the Hebrew word meaning "finite", was later applied by , following Weiss's earlier use of the same word to indicate a generalization of finiteness in sofic subshifts.
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In 2011 Peter Schjeldahl, reviewing Meryle Secrest's book Modigliani: A Life, wrote: > I recall my thrilled first exposure, as a teenager, to one of his long- > necked women, with their piquantly tipped heads and mask-like faces. The > rakish stylization and the succulent color were easy to enjoy, and the > payoff was sanguinely erotic in a way that endorsed my personal wishes to be > bold and tender and noble, overcoming the wimp that I was. In that moment, I > used up Modigliani's value for my life. But in museums ever since I have > been happy to salute his pictures with residually grateful, quick > looks.
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Lo Stato operaio, XI, 3–4, 1937, now reprinted in E. Curiel, cit. Curiel maintained that it was necessary to pressure students, by means of university publications, to get them to abandon the still residually corporative ideology of 'left-wing fascism', and have them recognize the 'class struggle'. Persuasion of the elected representatives of factory workers was also important, in order to build among them 'clandestine groups' that would then be able to exercise a political influence on the shop floor workers. The article was subject to some criticism – Egidio Gennari took exception to its abstract character and economism – but Curiel won Gennari's confidence nonetheless, for his intelligence, culture and willpower.
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In mathematics, a congruence subgroup of a matrix group with integer entries is a subgroup defined by congruence conditions on the entries. A very simple example would be invertible 2 × 2 integer matrices of determinant 1, in which the off-diagonal entries are even. More generally, the notion of congruence subgroup can be defined for arithmetic subgroups of algebraic groups; that is, those for which we have a notion of 'integral structure' and can define reduction maps modulo an integer. The existence of congruence subgroups in an arithmetic group provides it with a wealth of subgroups, in particular it shows that the group is residually finite.
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For infinite groups, one can continue the lower central series to infinite ordinal numbers via transfinite recursion: for a limit ordinal λ, define Gλ = ∩ { Gα : α < λ}. If Gλ = 1 for some ordinal λ, then G is said to be a hypocentral group. For every ordinal λ, there is a group G such that Gλ = 1, but Gα ≠ 1 for all α < λ, . If ω is the first infinite ordinal, then Gω is the smallest normal subgroup of G such that the quotient is residually nilpotent, that is, such that every non-identity element has a non-identity homomorphic image in a nilpotent group .
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In mathematics, in the realm of group theory, a group is said to be parafree if its quotients by the terms of its lower central series are the same as those of a free group and if it is residually nilpotent (the intersection of the terms of its lower central series is trivial). Parafree groups share many properties with free groups, making it difficult to distinguish between these two types. Gilbert Baumslag was led to the study of parafree groups in attempts to resolve the conjecture that a group of cohomological dimension one is free. One of his fundamental results is that there exist parafree groups that are not free.
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The Baumslag–Gersten group G was originally introduced in a 1969 paper of Gilbert Baumslag, as an example of a non-residually finite one- relator group with an additional remarkable property that all finite quotient groups of this group are cyclic. Later, in 1992, Stephen Gersten showed that G, despite being a one-relator group given by a rather simple presentation, has the Dehn function growing very quickly, namely faster than any fixed iterate of the exponential function. This example remains the fastest known growth of the Dehn function among one-relator groups. In 2011 Alexei Myasnikov, Alexander Ushakov, and Dong Wook Won proved that G has the word problem solvable in polynomial time.
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The internal structure of a sample can be examined for a volumetric inspection with penetrating radiation (RT), such as X-rays, neutrons or gamma radiation. Sound waves are utilized in the case of ultrasonic testing (UT), another volumetric NDT method – the mechanical signal (sound) being reflected by conditions in the test article and evaluated for amplitude and distance from the search unit (transducer). Another commonly used NDT method used on ferrous materials involves the application of fine iron particles (either suspended in liquid or dry powder – fluorescent or colored) that are applied to a part while it is magnetized, either continually or residually. The particles will be attracted to leakage fields of magnetism on or in the test object, and form indications (particle collection) on the object's surface, which are evaluated visually.
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Unstressed vowels in final position There are three unstressed vowels in final position: -e-,-o-and-a -. See García García, José, El habla de El Franco, p. 73 There is the loss of the -o endings -ene and -inu, ‘sen’, ‘fren’, ‘centen’, 'allén', ‘padrín’, ‘camín’..., an overall conservation "-e" syllables end, after ‘-ete’ and ‘ite’ headquarters, 'rede', 'vide', 'parede', etc... It is clearer still in place names ‘San Mamede’, ‘Nonide’, ‘Taladride’. It is also normal to conserve "-e" after "θ" like in ‘couce, 'fouce', etc. On the other hand, under the influence of Castilian, ‘salú’, ‘verdá’, ‘enfermedá’, it has been lost The paragogic vowel -e- after liquids consonant appear very residually, Acevedo y Huelves cites ‘carcele’. Final vowel -o- has disappeared in suffix -elo, in toponyms: ‘Tol’, ‘Castropol’, ‘Boal’, etc.
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A virtually polycyclic group is a group that has a polycyclic subgroup of finite index, an example of a virtual property. Such a group necessarily has a normal polycyclic subgroup of finite index, and therefore such groups are also called polycyclic-by-finite groups. Although polycyclic-by-finite groups need not be solvable, they still have many of the finiteness properties of polycyclic groups; for example, they satisfy the maximal condition, and they are finitely presented and residually finite. In the textbook and some papers, an M-group refers to what is now called a polycyclic-by-finite group, which by Hirsch's theorem can also be expressed as a group which has a finite length subnormal series with each factor a finite group or an infinite cyclic group.
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Southeastern Iberian script in the context of paleohispanic scripts A possible southeastern Iberian signary (Correa 2004). Lead plaque from La Bastida de les Alcuses (Moixent) The southeastern Iberian script, also known as Meridional Iberian, was one of the means of written expression of the Iberian language, which was written mainly in the northeastern Iberian script and residually by the Greco-Iberian alphabet. About the relation between northeastern Iberian and southeastern Iberian scripts, it is necessary to point out that they are two different scripts with different values for the same signs; however it is clear that they had a common origin and the most accepted hypothesis is that northeastern Iberian script derives from southeastern Iberian script. In fact, the southeastern Iberian script is very similar, both considering the shape of the signs or their values, to the Southwestern script used to represent an unknown language usually named Tartessian.
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If (xα) is a net from a directed set A into X, and if Y is a subset of X, then we say that (xα) is eventually in Y (or residually in Y) if there exists an α in A so that for every β in A with β ≥ α, the point xβ lies in Y. If (xα) is a net in the topological space X, and x is an element of X, we say that the net converges towards x or has limit x and write :lim xα = x if and only if :for every neighborhood U of x, (xα) is eventually in U. Intuitively, this means that the values xα come and stay as close as we want to x for large enough α. The example net given above on the neighborhood system of a point x does indeed converge to x according to this definition. Given a base for the topology, in order to prove convergence of a net it is necessary and sufficient to prove that there exists some point x, such that (xα) is eventually in all members of the base containing this putative limit.
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