329 Sentences With "redescribed" | Random Sentence Generator

And it discloses the mechanism by which some such ordeals come, selectively and misleadingly, to be redescribed as triumphs.

The species was shortly redescribed by Parona & Perugia in 1892. Finally Brinkmann redescribed the species in details in 1942 from material collected off Norway and Sweden.

Australian Museum, Sydney. It was redescribed from the Gulf of Mannar, India.Rao, K.P. (1965) Moridilla brockii Bergh 1888, redescribed with notes on anatomy and early development. Journal of the Marine Biological Association, India, 7(1): 61-68.

The species was redescribed by George Bentham in 1868 as Velleia macrophylla.

Aegires albus was redescribed by Wägele (1987) and by Troncoso et al. (1996).

P. ambarus was later moved to the Diaea genus and redescribed as D. ambara.

After further preparation of the fossil, the species was redescribed by Paul Sereno in 2000.

The species was first described in 1851 when material was collected from Mozambique. After looking at material found in Natal, South Africa, it was redescribed as E. kosiensis Hutchinson. After looking more carefully at the material, the original name was kept, and the redescribed name was no longer used.

Recently, it was redescribed with a new specific status, due to its distinct morphology, genetics, and biogeographic characteristics.

The fossil was reexamined and the species redescribed in 2015 by paleoentomologist Iwona Kania of the University of Rzeszów.

The species has numerous synonymous classifications due to disjunct populations, and was mistakenly redescribed on several occasions by field researchers.

Upon closer examination in 2005, she redescribed the specimen (as well as the genus) under the new name L. grossi.

Thèse d'État, Académie de Montpellier, Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, France. It has been described by Guy Oliver in 1984 as Cycloplectanum beverleyburtonae, redescribed by Oliver in 1987, transferred to the genus Pseudorhabdosynochus by Kritsky & Beverley-Burton in 1986Kritsky, D. C. & Beverley-Burton, M. 1986: The status of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958, and Cycloplectanum Oliver, 1968 (Monogenea: Diplectanidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 99, 17-20. PDF as Pseudorhabdosynochus beverleyburtonae, redescribed by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015, and redescribed in 2016 by Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine.

This genus was first described by Van Gaver and Stephan in 1907. It was redescribed by Ciancio et al in 2008.

Castelnau redescribed it once again as Therapon bostockii in 1873. All names except Amniataba caudavittata are invalid under the ICZN rules.

Pseudorhabdosynochus sulamericanus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the Snowy grouper, Epinephelus niveatus, the Warsaw grouper, Epinephelus nigritus and the Haifa grouper, Epinephelus haifensis. It has been described by Santos, Buchmann & Gibson in 2000 , redescribed by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015. and again redescribed by Chaabane, Justine, Gey, Bakenhaster & Neifar in 2016.

Caster & Brooks raised a new family, Chasmataspididae, to accommodate these specimens. The species was redescribed by Jason Dunlop and colleagues in 2004.

The species was redescribed by Chatton & Lwoff in 1935.Chatton E, Lwoff A. 1935. Les Ciliés Apostomes. Morphologie, cytologie, éthologie, évolution, systématique.

Trachymene ornata was first described by Stephan Endlicher in 1839, and redescribed by Druce in 1917 as belonging to the genus, Trachymene Rudge.

As a result, many Diplodactylus species have been reclassified and redescribed over the years to more accurately represent the diversity within the genus.

Acta Medicinae Okayama, 8, 203-256 + 209 Pl. Article PDF and later transferred to the genus Pseudorhabdosynochus. The species has been redescribed in 2005.

Therefore, "Gongpoquansaurus" had been suggested, yet informally, as a replacement generic name. In 2014, the species was formally redescribed, and the describers erected Gongpoquansaurus.

It was first described in 1880 by Donald Petrie as Hemiphues novae-zelandiae, and then redescribed by him in 1881 as Actinotus novae-zelandiae.

The species was first described by Franz Sieber in 1829 as Loranthus celastroides. It was redescribed by van Tieghem in 1895 as Muellerina celastroides.

The species was first described in 1845 as Festuca foliosa by Joseph Hooker. In 1864 he redescribed it as belonging to the genus Poa.

Parsonsia eucalyptophylla was first described in 1861, by Ferdinand von Mueller, and later redescribed, in 1868, as Lyonsia eucalyptifolia by Bentham. Its currently accepted name is Parsonsia eucalyptophylla.

The species was first described as Croton opponens by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1873, and redescribed by Guymer in 1985 as a Bertya, giving the name, Bertya opponens.

The original fossils have been redescribed in detail by Alexander Petrunkevitch in 1949 and Dunlop in 1999. A supposed example from the Coal Measures of Lancashire is a misidentification.

Chromidina elegans was redescribed in 2016 from material in the collections of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, and a neohapantotype and paraneohapantotypes were assigned to the taxon.

Greererpeton burkemorani ("crawler from Greer, West Virginia") is an extinct genus of colosteid stem-tetrapods from the Early Carboniferous period (late Viséan) of North America. Greererpeton was first described by famed vertebrate paleontologist Alfred S. Romer in 1969. The skull was redescribed by Timothy R. Smithson in 1982, while postcranial remains were redescribed by Stephen J. Godfrey in 1989. Life restoration by Dmitry Bogdanov Greererpeton were probably aquatic, with an elongated body adapted for swimming.

Olsson redescribed the animal in 1876 Olsson, P. (1876). Bidrag till skandinaviens helminthfauna. I. Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 14(1), 1-41 and used again the name Octobothrium leptogaster.

Bd. 39, Nr. 4, pp. 272–281. The genus name refers to Jiangshan County; the specific name refers to the village of Lixian. In 2019, Philip Mannion e.a. redescribed the holotype.

Among all other rhynchocephalians, Eilenodon is most similar to Toxolophosaurus, another eilenodont which was redescribed the same year as Eilenodon's description. Even so, there are some differences between the two taxa.

Bonham & Guberlet (1937) redescribed this species based on ten mature specimens from Sebastodes spp collected from Puget Sound, United States. Yamaguti redescribed Microcotyle sebastis based on two specimens from the gills of Sebastes schlegelii from Mutsu Bay, Japan. Yamaguti noted that the framework of the posterior clamps differed from Goto's representation, and that his specimens had lateral branches from the oesophagus, not mentioned by Goto. Bonham & Guberlet noted that their specimens were rather intermediate in both characters.

Some genera have been redescribed under a new genus, which some consider junior synonyms of existing genera. Parandalia tricuspis is a redescription of Hermundura tricuspis, which provided more reliable characteristics for identification.

An alternate spelling is "Dachungosaurus". As with other informal names coined by Zhao in 1985 and 1983, nothing has since been published, and the remains may have been redescribed under another name.

L. densiflora was first described as Plagianthus densiflorus by Baker in 1892, and in 1967, was redescribed by Melville who assigned it to the genus, Lawrencia, with the plant thereby becoming Lawrencia densiflora.

The species was first described as Hemiclepsis siamensis by Oka in 1917 then transferred by Sawyer to his new genus Placobdelloides in 1986. In 2018, it was redescribed from specimens collected in Thailand.

Spencer G. Lucas and Robert M. Sullivan redescribed the species in 2003 and gave it its own genus, Denazinosuchus. To date, Denazinosuchus is only known from skull material, armor, and a thigh bone.

In the 2011 paper describing D. rasnitsyni Olmi and Guglielmino also redescribed D. grimaldii based on the type specimens and the three newly identified specimen in the private amber collection of George Poinar, Jr.

Tomoxia bucephala is a species of beetle in the genus Tomoxia of the family Mordellidae. It was redescribed by Achille Costa in 1854.Mordellidae Species List at Joel Hallan’s Biology Catalog. Texas A&M; University.

The vagina includes a sclerotized part, which is a complex structure. The species was redescribed by Oliver in 1987Oliver, G. (1987). Les Diplectanidae Bychowsky, 1957 (Monogenea, Monopisthocotylea, Dactylogyridea). Systématique. Biologie. Ontogénie. Écologie. Essai de phylogenèse.

Cope did little work on the specimen since his 1870 description, and it was kept in storage for nearly 30 years. It was only redescribed in detail in 2005 by the German paleontologist Sven Sachs.

Peniculus minuticaudae is a species of parasitic pennellid copepod. It has been described in 1956, redescribed in 2012, and its complete life cycle has been elucidated on the cultured threadsail filefish, Stephanolepis cirrhifer in 2013.

Pseudorhabdosynochus monaensis is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the Rock hind, Epinephelus adscensionis. It has been described by Dyer, Williams & Bunkley-Williams in 1994 and redescribed by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015.

The species was first described by George Bentham in 1867 as Loranthus bidwillii. It was redescribed by B.A.Barlow in 1962 as Muellerina bidwillii, with the current description of the species being that of Barlow in 1984.

The species was first described by George Bentham in 1867 as Loranthus myrtifolius. It was redescribed by B.A.Barlow in 1962 as Muellerina myrtifolia, with the current description of the species being that of Barlow in 1984.

After Swainson's initial description, Pieter Bleeker unknowingly redescribed the species as Selar malam, a name which was revised three times before it too was assigned to Alepes. The species was redescribed twice more by Day in 1876 and Chu and Chen in 1958. Being Swainson is the first author to correctly describe the fish, even though he initially ascribed it to the wrong genus, the ICZN recognises Alepes melanoptera as the correct name, and the rest as invalid junior synonyms. Such synonymy is common in the genus Alepes due to the abundance of similar genera.

The Uintascorpio halandrasorum was redescribed in 2004 by Jorge Santiago-Blay, Michael Soleglad, and Victor Fet. In the redescription the placement of Uintascorpio into Buthidae was confirmed, but the synonymy with Rhopalurus as suggested by Kovařík was not.

Characteristics of Acontheus are as for the subfamily. Type species: By monotypy, A. acutangulus Angelin, 1851, from the Zone of Solenopleura s.l. brachymetopa (Andrarum Limestone), Andrarum, Scania (redescribed by Westergård, 1950, p.9, pl.18, figs.4-6).

University of California Press, Berkeley. pp. 259–322 Pedro Mocho et al. in 2014 revised and redescribed the fossil remains that constitute the Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis lectotype, including elements never described before. The phylogenetic hypothesis proposed by Mocho et al.

Pseudorhabdosynochus bouaini is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of groupers. It has been described in 2007 by Lassad Neifar & Louis Euzet. The species has been redescribed by Amira Chaabane, Lassad Neifar, and Jean-Lou Justine in 2017.

Parsonsia diaphanophleba was first described in 1861, by Ferdinand von Mueller, and later redescribed, in 1868, as Lyonsia diaphanophlebia by Bentham, who adjusted the Latin of the basionym (the earliest name) to Parsonsia diaphanophlebia. Its currently accepted name is Parsonsia diaphanophleba.

This species was described from the Gulf of California. It was redescribed from further material from the Pacific coast of Mexico. It has been reported as far south as Peru.Hermosillo, A., 2002 (March 30) Flabellina cynara (Marcus and Marcus, 1967).

This species was described from Norway. It is redescribed by Fahey & Gosliner, (2004).Fahey S.J. & Gosliner T.M. 2004. A phylogenetic analysis of the Aegiridae Fischer, 1883 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Phanerobranchia) with descriptions of eight new species and a reassessment of Phanerobranch relationships.

Part II. Report British Association Adv. Sci. Plymouth Meeting. 1841:60–240. Shortly after, Wermuth opted for Crocodylia as the proper name for this redescribed group,Wermuth, H. 1953. Systematik der Rezenten Krokodile. Mitt. Mus. Berlin. Vol. 29(2):275–514.

Fujientomon is a genus of hexapods in the order Protura, placed in its own family, Fujientomidae. It contains two species found in China and Japan. Fujientomon was originally described by Imadaté in 1964, and was redescribed by Nakamura in 2014.

Similar-looking African collections initially reported as Boletellus obscurecoccineus have been redescribed as Boletellus rubrolutescens. The North American and European species Boletus rubellus has colouration that is somewhat similar to B. obscurecoccineus, but it lacks the scaly stem of the latter.

Since then, the genus Pseudobagarius was erected for this species group, leaving only members of the A. variegatus group in the genus Akysis. In 2007, Laguvia manipurensis was redescribed to the genus Akysis as part of the A. variegatus group.

Kammerer et al. (2013) redescribed the available material and the missing elements were redescribed from photographs taken by Williston (1904), and suggested that Eubrachiosaurus is a valid member of the Stahleckeriinae, most closely related to Sangusaurus. Kammerer et al. (2013) also noted that Williston (1904) described Brachybrachium on the basis of a fragmentary humerus from the upper Popo Agie beds, in "almost identically the same horizon" as Eubrachiosaurus. The currently lost specimen was poorly preserved with much of the proximal and distal ends missing. It shares with the humerus of Eubrachiosaurus a nearly perpendicular angle between the edges of the deltopectoral crest.

The species was first described, then named as Amphorina pallida by Charles Eliot. Later it became poorly understood, then rarely known. It was rediscovered and redescribed in 2002 and placed it in the genus Cuthona.Ortea, J., L. Moro, and M. Caballer. 2002.

Rostanga crawfordi is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Discodorididae. Originally described as Discodoris crawfordi, it was redescribed by Rudman & Avern as Rostanga australis. The two names were synonymised by Dayrat.Dayrat B. 2010.

Pseudorhabdosynochus vagampullum is a species of diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of a grouper. It was described in 1969, from eight specimens, under the name Diplectanum vagampullum and transferred to the genus Pseudorhabdosynochus in 1986. The species has been redescribed several times.

This species was first described by Scorza and Dagert in 1956. It was redescribed in 2003 by Telford.Telford S. R. Jr., Telford S.R. III (2003) Rediscovery and redescription of Plasmodium pifanoi and description of two additional Plasmodium parasites of Venezuelan lizards. J. Parasitol.

It was found that Bleeker's Betta trifasciata, described in 1850 and used as the type species of his genus Betta, was identical to P. pictum. As the original type specimens are now lost, H. H. Tan and Kottelat redescribed the species in 1998.

Classification of the cribellate spiders and some allied families, with notes on the evolution of the suborder Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici 4: 199-468. [second pdf: index and outline by V. D. Roth (unpubl.)] D. marina was redescribed in 1970 and 1990.

Clarkia purpurea was first described in 1796 as Oenothera purpurea in Curtis's Botanical Magazine.Curtis, W. (1796) Curtis's Botanical Magazine 10: t. 352. In 1918, it was redescribed by Aven Nelson and James Francis Macbride, who allocated it to the genus Clarkia, as Clarkia purpurea.

Raukaua simplex was first described in 1786 by Georg Forster as Panax simplex in Florulae Insularum Australium Prodromus. Forster, J.G.A. (1786) Florulae Insularum Australium Prodromus 75. In 1997, Mitchell, Frodin and Heads redescribed it, assigning it to the genus, Raukaua, thus naming it Raukaua simplex.

C. fragilis was originally included by Charles D. Walcott in the genus Selkirkia, – a taxonomy that was retained by later workers until finally questioned and redescribed as Cambrorhytium in the eighties. Its similarity with the lower cambrian species Torellelloides giganteum may indicate a close relationship.

The lack of complete knowledge regarding its anatomy hampered subsequent studies of Gracilisuchus, until papers from Lecuona, Desojo, and Diego Pol in 2011 and 2017 redescribed its remains. The first of these focused on PVL 4597, while the second reviewed all of the known specimens.

The species was later transferred to the genus Carangoides, where it remains. The species has not been redescribed under another name, which is rare amongst the Carangidae. The common name 'duskyshoulder trevally' refers to the prominent shoulder markers, as does the name 'epaulet trevally'.

Baron, M.G., Norman, D.B., and Barrett, P.M. (2017). A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution. Nature, 543: 501–506. In 2019, the holotype specimen of Chindesaurus was redescribed by Adam D. Marsh, William G. Parker, Max C. Langer, and Sterling J. Nesbitt.

The parasite was first described by Mackerras in 1961 and was designated as Plasmodium giganteum. It was redescribed in 1988 by Telford who recognised it as a separate species.Telford JR 1988. A contribution to the systematics of the reptilian malaria parasites, family Plasmodiidae (Apicomplexa: Haemosporina).

A species described by Smith and White (1963, p.402, pl. 5. Figs. 1-8) as P. cf. sedgwickii (Hicks) from the upper part of the Purley Shale Formation (Eccaparadoxides pinus Biozone) of Warwickshire, central England was redescribed by Rushton (1966, p.42, pl.

Bernard Germain de Lacépède was the first person to separate the crevalle jack from the mackerels, placing it in its own genus Caranx, although he had redescribed the fish as Caranx carangua, which became the type species of Caranx. As well as Lacepede's renaming, the species has been independently redescribed a total of six times, with all of these names, including Lacepede's, categorised as invalid junior synonyms under ICZN rules. There has been extensive discussion in the scientific literature regarding the possible conspecifity of the Pacific crevalle jack, Caranx caninus, with Caranx hippos. Arguments ranged from the species being conspecific, subspecific or as individual species.

This genus was described by the Dutch scientist Sohns in 1918 while in the Dutch East Indies.Sohns JCF (1918) Microbabesia divergens in Nederlandsch-Indië. Volume 28 of Departement van Landbouw, Nijverheid en Handel Veeartsenijkundige mededeelingen. Javasche Boekhandel & Drukkerij This species and genus has not been redescribed since.

The species was originally described by Gmelin in 1789 as Scorpaena capensis. It was later reclassified as Sebastichthys capensis. In 1917, it was redescribed by Evermann and Radcliffe as Sebastes chamaco. The species' common name was derived from the pock-marked acne skin of an old skipper.

When Reisz and others redescribed the skull and reviewed other known material for Secodontosaurus in 1992, they also made the species S. willistoni from the later Clear Fork group a junior synonym of Cope's obtusidens, although this species is sometimes retained as distinct in other sources.

In 1926, Arthur Hopwood finally described it and named it Megalomys audreyae after Gregory's wife Audrey, following Major's intention.Hopwood, 1926, pp. 328–329 The oryzomyines of the Caribbean were revised in 1962 by Clayton Ray, who examined the specimens Gregory had found and redescribed them.Ray, 1962, pp.

The scientific memoirs of Thomas Henry Huxley. 4 vols and supplement, London: Macmillan. In 1896, Othniel Marsh recognized the fossil as a true member of the Dinosauria. John Ostrom thoroughly redescribed the species in 1978, making it one of the best-known small theropods at that time.

A. Goës described Lysianassa martensi as a new species in 1866. It was redescribed in 1968, and tentatively assigned to the genus Uristes. In 1991, J. Laurens Barnard and G. S. Karaman erected a new genus, Martensia, for this species alone, and the genus remains monotypic.

When first described by Eviatar Nevo of the University of Haifa (in 1968) the genus Cordicephalus was thought to contain two species, C. gracilis and C. longicostatus. Since then it was redescribed and it was determined that N. gracilis was the only species in the genus.

This species was described from Asamushi, Mutsu Bay, Japan. It was redescribed in more detail on the basis of more specimens from Sagami Bay and Tomioka, Amakusa District, Kumamoto.Baba, K. (1976). The genus Cerberilla of Japan (Nudibranchia: Eolidoidea: Aeolidiidae), with the description of a new species.

The genus was redescribed in 1997 by University of Bristol paleontologists Michael Benton and Jackie Allen. They found that the specimen had been damaged during storage, as the skull was crushed and certain bones were missing (i.e. parts of the shoulder) or placed into odd positions (i.e. the hand).

The species was first described by Charles Alexandre Lesueur in 1827. It has been redescribed numerous times, leading to some confusion in its taxonomy.California Turtle & Tortoise Club: Softshell Turtles. The recognized subspecies differ in the markings on their carapaces, on the sides of their heads, and on their feet.

Watson (1910) redescribed it as a species of Rhomaleosaurus. Adam S. Smith (2007), in his thesis on the anatomy and classification of the family Rhomaleosauridae, suggested that R. propinquus, is a junior synonym of Rhomaleosaurus zetlandicus. Smith and Gareth J. Dyke (2008) considered this species to be valid.

This species was described as common at Le Croisic, France. It was redescribed under the name Spurilla onubensis.Carmona L, Lei BR, Pola M, Gosliner TM, Valdés Á, Cervera JL. (2014). Untangling the Spurilla neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1841) species complex: a review of the genus Spurilla Bergh, 1864 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidiidae).

Harrison and Walker originally labeled the fossil as belonging to the species Pediorallus barbarae in 1977. In 1984, Harrison redescribed the fossil as coming from a new species Pediorallus hookeri, and later that year it was moved to Lithornis hookeri.Mayr, G. (2008) L. hookeri is the smallest of the Lithornithidae.

It was first described in 1874 by Ferdinand von Mueller as Elettaria scottiana from a specimen found in the rainforest in Rockingham's Bay by John Dallachy.Mueller, F.J.H. von (1874) Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae 8(65): 24. In 1904, it was redescribed as belonging to the genus, Hornstedtia, by Karl Moritz Schumann.

Pseudorhabdosynochus riouxi is a species of diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of dusky grouper Mycteroperca marginata. It was described by Guy Oliver in 1986 as Cycloplectanum riouxi, then transferred to the genus Pseudorhabdosynochus by Santos, Buchmann & Gibson in 2000. The species has been redescribed by Chaabane et al. in 2017.

The remains of Echinodon were redescribed in 2002, showing that it may represent a late- surviving heterodontosaurid from the Berriasian stage of the Early Cretaceous in southern England. Dianchungosaurus from the Early Jurassic of China is no longer considered a heterodontosaurid; though one late surviving Asian form is known (Tianyulong).

Odontochelys semitestacea (meaning "toothed turtle with a half-shell") is a Late Triassic relative of turtles. Before Pappochelys was discovered and Eunotosaurus was redescribed, Odontochelys was considered the oldest undisputed member of Pantestudines (i.e. a stem-turtle). It is the only known species in the genus Odontochelys and the family Odontochelyidae.

The original description of this species by Edgar Albert Smith was only phrased in comparative terms and lacked an image. It was redescribed by Stockland in 1987. Stockland suggested that this species should be placed in the genus Obesotoma. The holotype is in the British Museum (Natural History) no. 198230.

This species was described from the Ellice Islands, now known as Tuvalu. Brunckhorst examined the type material kept at the US National Museum and additional material from Guam and redescribed the species in greater detail.Brunckhorst D.J. (1993) The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea). Records of the Australian Museum suppl.

Acacia linifolia was first described in 1800 by Étienne Pierre Ventenat as Mimosa linifolia.Ventenat, E.P. (1800) Description des Plantes Nouvelles et peu connues, cultivees dans le Jardin de J.M. Cels 1: 2 t. 2 In 1806 Carl Ludwig Willdenow redescribed it as belonging to the genus, Acacia, and it became Acacia linifolia.

This prompted Cope to reexamine his own specimens and to realize that Triceratops, Monoclonius, and Agathaumas all represented a single group of similar dinosaurs, which he named Agathaumidae in 1891. Cope redescribed Monoclonius as a horned dinosaur, with a large nasal horn and two smaller horns over the eyes, and a large frill.

It was first named by Friedrich von Huene in 1939 and the type species is Anomoiodon liliensterni. Laura K. Säilä, who redescribed Anomoiodon in 2008, found it to be a leptopleuronine using a phylogenetic analysis. The most recent analysis, performed by Ruta et al. (2011) found it to be a procolophonine instead.

Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abtheilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere 12(4): 411–437.In 2011, T. planiceps was redescribed after DNA sequences were used to provide molecular evidence for the taxonomy of this species The holotypes were stored at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle but are thought to have been lost.

Bilobata subsecivella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Zeller in 1852. It is found in South Africa, India, Indonesia (Java) and New Zealand. The species was first recorded from New Zealand as Stomopteryx simplicella, but was redescribed as a new species based on comparison of the genitalia.

It is a federally listed endangered species.Mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa), United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Populations of Rana muscosa in the northern Sierra Nevada have been redescribed as a new species, Rana sierrae, the Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog. This has been proposed as an endangered species as of 2013.

Pseudorhabdosynochus justinei is a species of diplectanid monogenean that is parasitic on the gills of the longfin grouper Epinephelus quoyanus. It was described in 2007 by Binjian Zeng and Tingbao Yang from material from the South China Sea, and redescribed in 2009 by Justine, Dupoux & Cribb from material from off Queensland, Australia.

It was referred to Acallosuchus because it belonged to an animal of similar size to UCMP 7038/27095. The two specimens also had bony armor. In 1995, both specimens were redescribed. Because the postcranial skeleton was not associated with the original Acallosuchus material, it was placed in its own genus called Vancleavea.

The species was described by C.D.F. Meisner in 1848. In 1852, Walpers assigned it to Meyer's genus of Calyptrostegia (now considered a synonym of Pimelea) thereby giving it the name, Calyptrostegia sulphurea. In 1891, Otto Kuntze redescribed Pimelea as being the genus Banksia and hence gave it (incorrectly) the name Banksia sulfurea.

Gynochthodes jasminoides was first described by Allan Cunningham in 1834 as Morinda jasminoides. In 2011, based on new molecular studies, the genera Morinda and Gynochthodes were redescribed, which necessitated new combinations and names in these genera. This resulted in Morinda jasminoides being assigned to the genus Gynochthodes by Sylvain Razafimandimbison and Birgitta Bremer.

G. hollrungiana was first described by Theodoric Valeton in 1927 as Morinda hollrungiana. In 2011, based on new molecular studies, the genera, Morinda and Gynochthodes, were redescribed, which necessitated new combinations and names for species in these genera. This resulted in Morinda hollrungiana being assigned to the genus Gynochthodes by Sylvain Razafimandimbison and Birgitta Bremer.

The Leucosporidiales are an order of fungi in the Microbotryomycetes class of the Basidiomycota. The order contains a single family, the Leucosporidiaceae, which in turn contains three genera and eight species. The order was circumscribed in 2003; the family was first described in 1981, but the naming was invalid, and subsequently redescribed in 2001.

The species was first described by Elmer Drew Merrill as Phrygilanthus obtusifolius in 1906. In 1973, Bryan Barlow redescribed it, assigning it to the new genus, Cecarria, and the name thus became C. obtusifolia. The current accepted description is that of Barlow in 1984. The genus Cecarria is named for Cedric Errol Carr (1892–1936).

Chessy, also known as Chessy-les-Mines, is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France. Chessy-les-Mines is the type locality of the mineral azurite, also known as "chessylite." Chessy-les-Mines at Mindat.org The species was redescribed and renamed in 1824 by François-Sulpice Beudant (1787–1850), French mineralogist and geologist.

PDF and transferred to the genus Pseudorhabdosynochus by Kritsky and Beverley-Burton in 1986.Kritsky, D. C. & Beverley-Burton, M. 1986: The status of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958, and Cycloplectanum Oliver, 1968 (Monogenea: Diplectanidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 99, 17-20. PDF The species was redescribed by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015.

Ceriomicrodon is a genus of hoverflies. The only known species, Ceriomicrodon petiolatus, lives in the Brazilian states Mato Grosso, Roraima, Amazonas, Maranhão and Rondônia. Its biology is poorly known, but the larvae are assumed to live in ant nests. Only a few specimens were known of the species until 2014, when the species was redescribed.

Cheyniana microphylla (common name bush pomegranate) is a plant in the family Myrtaceae which is endemic to Western Australia. It was first described in 1928 by Charles Gardner as Balaustion microphyllum, but was redescribed in 2009 by Barbara Rye as Cheyniana microphylla, when she narrowed the circumscription of Balaustion and described the new genus, Cheyniana.

The taxonomical composition of the family Microcotylidae Taschenberg, 1879 (Monogenea). Folia Parasitologica, 33, 199-206. PDF Due to the lack of detail in the original description, Microcotyle peprili was redescribed and illustrated based on 10 specimens from the type-host off Chesapeake Bay. McMahon added some anatomical features not noted in the distorted type- specimen.

Due to its rarity and very attractive appearance, this species is highly coveted by turtle collectors worldwide. At first it was considered a subspecies of Geoemyda spengleri, and named Geoemyda spengleri japonica. It was redescribed as a separate species and given its current binomial name in 1992. Hybrids between different genera of Geoemydidae are rather commonplace.

Gastrocopta iheringi is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae. The specific name iheringi is in honor of the zoologist Hermann von Ihering, who collected the type specimen. Veitenheimer-Mendes & Oliveira redescribed the type material in 2012. Veitenheimer-Mendes I. L. & de Oliveira C. R. P. (2012).

Ptilotus pyramidatus , the pyramid mulla mulla, is a small white herb in the family Amaranthaceae. Ptilotus pyramidatus was first described in 1849 by Alfred Moquin-Tandon as Trichinium pyramidatum, but was redescribed in 1868 by Ferdinand von Mueller when he allocated it to the genus, Ptilotus. Under Western Australian conservation legislation it has been declared "rare".

Also, they named and briefly described Erlikosaurus, a new genus smaller than Segnosaurus. Confusingly, Perle redescribed Erlikosaurus treating the taxon as a new genus and species in 1981. Translated paper Also, Perle described another specimen of Therizinosaurus in 1982, this time a partial hind limb. He referred the hindlimd to the genus based on the similarities with Segnosaurus.

The species was moved to the genus Limnobiorhynchus in 1860 by Carl Robert Osten-Sacken, and later moved by Osten-Sacken again, this time to the genus Elephantomyia. The fossils were reexamined and the species redescribed in 2015 by paleoentomologist Iwona Kania of the University of Rzeszów, who examined the holotype and the two additional specimens.

Its remains were discovered in 1919. Reconstructed from the scattered bits and pieces of its exoskeleton, R. praecursor was described in 1926, and at first believed to be a larval insect. Mouthparts initially assigned to R. praecursor were redescribed as Rhyniognatha hirsti in 1928. In 2004, Rhyniognatha hirsti was found to be an insect, the oldest known to date.

This disease was first recognised in 1959.Rocha A, Artigas V (1959) Stenosing ulcerous disease of the jejuno-ileum. Arch Mal Appar Dig Mal Nutr 48:1230–1236 It was redescribed and named 'cryptogenetic plurifocal ulcerative stenosing enteritis' in 1964.Debray C, Besancon F, Hardouin JP, Martin E, Marche C, Khoury K (1964) Cryptogenetic plurifocal ulcerative stenosing enteritis.

It was later recognized that some of the fossils assigned to these taxa belonged to another form, which was recognized as bearing a carapace made up of Hurdia and Proboscicaris elements. Finally, in 2009, these specimens were redescribed as Hurdia. Radiodonta was originally viewed as containing a single family, Anomalocarididae, but it was divided into four families in 2014.

The species was moved to the genus Limnobiorhynchus in 1860 by Carl Robert Osten- Sacken, and later moved by Osten-Sacken again, this time to the genus Elephantomyia. The fossil was reexamined and the species redescribed in 2015 by paleoentomologist Iwona Kania of the University of Rzeszów, who examined the holotype and the two additional specimens.

This species was originally described by Celli & Sanfelice in 1891 as Haemoproteus alaudae, and it was first discovered in the blood of the skylark. The species was later transferred to the genus Plasmodium. On reexamination the described species was found to include members of at least one additional species and it was redescribed by Paperna et al. in 2009.

Pseudorhabdosynochus kritskyi is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the gag, Mycteroperca microlepis. The species has been described by Dyer, Williams and Bunkley-Williams in 1995 and redescribed successively by Yang, Gibson and Zeng in 2005 and by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015. The name of the species honours the American parasitologist Delane C. Kritsky.

Parasaurus (meaning "near lizard") is a dubious genus of pareiasaur known from fossils collected in the Kupferschiefer in Germany (Hesse, Thuringia and Lower Saxony). The type species, Parasaurus geinitzi, described by Hermann von Meyer in 1857, was the first pareiasaur ever described. The seven known specimens were redescribed in 2008.L. A. Tsuji and J. Müller. 2008.

No differentiation between continuous and discrete characters was made like performed by Mannion et al. (2013), but a large clade of Andesauroidea was still resolved with implied weights. Both redescribed Asian taxa, as well as Yongjinglong, previously considered derived titanosaurs related to Saltasauridae, were removed to outside the clade. In the description of Mansourasaurus, Sallam et al.

Protecovasaurus is a genus of archosaurian reptile from the Late Triassic of the southwestern United States. It was initially described as a basal ornithischian dinosaur, but was redescribed as a non-dinosaurian archosaur by Irmis et al. (2006). The type species, Protecovasaurus lucasi, was formally described by Andrew B. Heckert in 2004. Its name, Protecovasaurus, means "before Tecovasaurus".

CGI restoration of R. cramptoni Smith & Dyke, 2008 redescribed the skull of R. cramptoni after its final preparation. Both Rhomaleosauridae and Pliosauridae were found to be monophyletic, and the relations between Rhomaleosaurus's species were tested. The cladogram below follows Smith & Dyke (2008), with the asterisk noting species removed from Rhomaleosaurus to their own genera since their study.

Palaeopteryx (meaning "ancient wing") is a genus of theropod dinosaur now considered a nomen dubium. It was named and misidentified by J. A. Jensen in 1981, then redescribed by Jensen and K. Padian in 1989. At that time the binomial Palaeopteryx thomsoni was deemed invalid by Jensen. The only referred specimen is a single bone fragment (BYU 2022).

The type-species of the genus, Prospinitectus mollis was first described as Spinitectus mollis Mamaev, 1968, and redescribed from two males by Petter in 1979. The genus was differentiated on the base of several morphological characters, including the pseudolabiae, the buccal capsule, the cuticle with spines arranged as rings, the number of papillae in the male and the spicules.

In 2004, the species was redescribed, with focus on its growth stage. They concluded it was a valid taxon, and that the holotype was immature. More recently, a 2017 study provided further descriptions of the specimen, and conducted a microscopic examination on sections of the left femur, a rib, and an isolated chevron, which re-affirmed the age of the holotype.

The type specimen was restored with plaster to be used in a travelling exhibit. Its left side was encased in foam which has hindered subsequent study. A reconstruction was made of the missing elements to create casts of complete skeletal mounts. In 2010, two studies by Stephen Brusatte, et al redescribed the holotype, at the time still the only specimen known, in detail.

The Gulf wobbegong or banded wobbegong (Orectolobus halei) is a species of carpet shark in the family Orectolobidae, found in southern Australia between Southport, Queensland and Norwegian Bay, Western Australia.Clark, M. (2006). Wobbegong sharks redescribed. Practical Fishkeeping Orectolobus halei is very similar to the ornate wobbegong, O. ornatus, of which it was treated as a synonym until 2006.Huveneers, C. (2006).

Posterior to this year, Clark and colleagues redescribed the holotype skull of Erlikosaurus and found more theropod traits than when first described. They concluded that therizinosaurs were more likely to be classified as maniraptoran theropods. Therizinosauria itself, was erected in 1997 by Rusell in order to contain all of these theropods. This new infraorder was composed of Therizinosauroidea and the more advanced Therizinosauridae.

Micrixalus herrei is a newly redescribed species of frog in the family Micrixalidae. Originally described in 1942, it was synonymized with M. fuscus in 1984. However, morphological differences as well as DNA evidence confirm this species to be valid. It is endemic to the Western Ghats, India, and occurs south of the Shencottah Gap in Kerala and Tamil Nadu states.

The species Coccodus lindstroemi was recently determined to be a species complex, and various specimens assigned to C. lindstroemi were redescribed as species of the gladiopycnodontid genus JoinivillichthysTaverne, Louis, and Luigi Capasso. "On the “Coccodus” lindstroemi species complex (Pycnodontiformes, Gladiopycnodontidae) from the marine Late Cretaceous of Lebanon, with the description of two new genera." European Journal of Taxonomy 101 (2014).

Because of its size, the fragment was initially considered to be from a mastodonsaur. However, the specimen was redescribed as a brachyopoid in 2005. Several features of the specimen indicate that it is from a brachyopoid. There is a large tusk protruding from the ectopterygoid, a bone of the palate, and the dental morphology is similar to that of other brachyopoids.

Pseudorhabdosynochus dolicocolpos is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of groupers. It has been described in 2007 by Lassad Neifar & Louis Euzet. The species name refers to the size of the vagina and is derived from the Greek words “dolicos” meaning long and “colpos” vagina. The species has been redescribed by Amira Chaabane, Lassad Neifar, and Jean-Lou Justine in 2017.

Pseudorhabdosynochus enitsuji is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of groupers. It has been described in 2007 by Lassad Neifar & Louis Euzet. The name of the species honours French parasitologist Jean-Lou Justine (enitsuji is an anagram of Justine). The species has been redescribed by Amira Chaabane, Lassad Neifar, and Jean-Lou Justine in 2017, from the type-material and additional specimens.

They are found throughout the world, and most abundantly in livestock farming regions such as Australia, Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Russia. The generic name was introduced by F. Fischoeder in 1901 for the replacement of the then existing genus Amphistoma (Rudolphi, 1809). Under the new genus he redescribed both Paramphistomum cervi and P. bothriophoron and designated the former as the type species.

A 2019 study redescribed the original material of Lagosuchus and concluded that it was valid and not readily distinguishable from Marasuchus lilloensis. This suggests that Marasuchus lilloensis is a junior synonym of Lagosuchus talampayensis. Specimens referred to the genus Marasuchus possessed some, but not all of the adaptations which traditionally characterized dinosaurs. For example, its proportions indicate that it was likely bipedal as in early dinosaurs.

In 1939, Gaillard described a second species of Strigogyps, S. minor, based on a humerus, two coracoids, and two carpometacarpi, also from Quercy. In 1981, Mourer-Chauviré redescribed S. minor as Ameghinornis minor, the only member of the new phorusrhacid subfamily, Ameghinornithinae.Mourer-Chauviré, C. 1981. Première indication de la présence de Phorusrhacidés, famille d'oiseaux géants d'Amérique du Sud, dans le Tertaire européen: Ameghinornis nov. gen.

The holotype skull was thoroughly prepared before being redescribed in 2002, confirming this classification. Both Irritator and Angaturama belong to the Spinosaurinae subfamily. A generalist diet—like that of today's crocodilians—has been suggested; Irritator might have preyed mainly on fish and any other small prey animals it could catch. Fossil evidence is known of an individual that ate a pterosaur, either from hunting or scavenging it.

German botanist Johann Christoph Wendland first described this species as Mimosa decurrens in 1798, before his countryman Carl Ludwig Willdenow redescribed it in the genus Acacia in 1919. In his description, Willdenow did not cite Wendland but instead a 1796 description by James Donn. However, as Donn's description was a nomen nudum, the proper citation is Acacia decurrens Willd. with neither older work cited.

Robilliard correctly recognised that there were two species of Dendronotus in the NE Pacific and described Dendronotus diversicolor as a new species. D. albus and D. diversicolor were synonymised by Stout et al., 2010, probably because the specimens they studied did not include both species. In fact Robilliard consistently used the name D. albus for Dendronotus robilliardi and redescribed the true D. albus as D. diversicolor.

All specimens were collected from the type locality, from the Bull Canyon Formation, dating to the Norian stage. Later, other teeth were described by Padian (1990), Kaye and Padian (1994) and Hunt and Lucas (1994), from Chinle Formation of Arizona. Andrew B. Heckert (2002) redescribed the genus in detail and named a second species, R. hunti on the basis of teeth described by Hunt and Lucas (1994).

Hershler & Liu (2011) redescribed Marstonia comalensis based on study of a large series of dry shell and alcohol-preserved material, most of which was collected by malacologists J. J. Landye and D. W. Taylor from 1971–1993, and provided anatomical evidence supporting its current generic allocation. Brazos, Colorado, Guadalupe and Nueces River basins, south-central Texas. The arrow indicates the type locality (Comal Creek).

The species' current genus, Santanichthys was coined in the same year when the species was redescribed by its original describer. Because of several perceived anatomical structures, it was reclassified within the Clupeomorpha. Subsequent analyses of available Santanichthys fossil material have determined some structures to be akin to a primitive Weberian Apparatus, prompting reclassification of the taxon as a basal otophysan and within the Characiformes.

The species was independently redescribed twice; both times by the Austrian zoologist Franz Steindachner. In 1867 he named the species Caranx macrops, while in 1883 he named it Caranx africanus, with no apparent reason for the redescription. Under ICZN naming rules, these are both considered junior synonyms and rendered invalid. The species' two common names simply refer to the African coasts where the species is found.

However, in April 2010, during field surveys of amphibians in the Peak Wilderness Sanctuary, researchers encountered about 40 frogs that resembled Pseudophilautus hypomelas. Initially thought to represent a new species, a careful study of these specimens and Günther's syntypes confirmed that these frogs actually were Pseudophilautus hypomelas, and the species was redescribed based on fresh specimens by a group of Sri Lankan scientists in 2013.

This species was originally described as Attus adansonii by Audouin in 1826, then redescribed in officially recognised literature another 86 times by 2012, often being placed in other genera. The first placement into Hasarius was made by the French arachnologist Eugène Simon in 1871.The World Spider Catalog, V13.0 by N. I. Platnick © 2000 — 2012 AMNH The species is named after the French naturalist Michel Adanson.

This species was described from a specimen collected by William Healey Dall in Nazan Bay at Atka Island, Aleutian Islands. It has been redescribed from specimens collected in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Commander Islands, Russia.Millen, S. V. and Martynov, A. V. (2005). Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (Suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae.

At the time of the species description, Dryinus grimaldii was only Dryinus species placed in the lamellatus species group to be described. In 2011 Olmi and Adalgisa Guglielmino redescribed D. grimaldii based on the type specimens and the three newly identified specimen in the Poinar collection. They also described a second Dominican amber lamellatus species, D. rasnitsyni which bring to fossil record for the species group to two.

Platystemon californicus is a variable plant taking such a wide range of forms it has been split, reorganized, and redescribed as up to 57 different species. Its form often varies according to geography and habitat conditions. Coastal forms may be hairless and a bit succulent, while semidesert individuals can be squat, hairy plants. Some authors describe separate varieties, which are ecotypes adapted to specific, often very limited, habitat types.

It was later redescribed from new material from Martinique, the Bahamas and Florida.Millen, S. V. & Hamann, J.C. (2006) A New Nudibranch Species, Genus Flabellina (Opisthobranchia: Aeolidacea) from the Caribbean with redescriptions of F. verta (Marcus 1970), and F. dushia (Marcus and Marcus, 1963). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 57: 925-936. It has also been reported from the Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands in the eastern Atlantic.

This uncertainty was magnified when several studies in the late 2000s claimed that Kadimakara was simply a pair of misidentified specimens of Prolacerta. Kadimakara was finally featured in phylogenetic analyses in 2016 during Martin Ezcurra's broad study on archosauromorphs. In addition, Ezcurra redescribed and reinterpreted the genus and was able to find evidence that it was not in fact synonymous with Prolacerta. His study featured three different phylogenetic analyses.

Predicate dualism is a view espoused by such non-reductive physicalists as Donald Davidson and Jerry Fodor, who maintain that while there is only one ontological category of substances and properties of substances (usually physical), the predicates that we use to describe mental events cannot be redescribed in terms of (or reduced to) physical predicates of natural languages.Davidson, Donald. 1980. Essays on Actions and Events. Oxford University Press. .

He subdivided the latter species into two subspecies in the first paper, but not in the second paper. In 1983 Estes listed the material as Lacertilia incertae sedis. Milner and Evans, 1991, redescribed L. estesi as a maniraptoran and, more specifically, as an early avialan or troodontid They also cast doubt on the identification of the more poorly preserved L. mistracostatus, considering it a nomen dubium. Buscalioni and Evans et al.

In April 2000 Olson published an article in Backbone, the newsletter of the National Museum of Natural History. In this article he justified his views on the evolution of birds, but also revised and redescribed the species "Archaeoraptor liaoningensis" by designating just the tail of the original fraudulent specimen as the type specimen.Storrs L. Olson, 2000. Countdown to Piltdown at National Geographic: the rise and fall of Archaeoraptor.

Pseudorhabdosynochus sinediscus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of groupers. It has been described in 2007 by Lassad Neifar & Louis Euzet. The name refers to the absence of squamodiscs and is derived from the Latin “sine”, indicating absence, and “discus”, contraction of “squamodiscus”. The species has been redescribed by Amira Chaabane, Lassad Neifar, and Jean- Lou Justine in 2017 from the type material and additional specimens from Tunisia.

This suggests that the very deep ocean has fostered adaptive radiations. The taxonomic composition of the nematode fauna in the abyssal Pacific is similar, but not identical to, that of the North Atlantic. A list of some of the species that have been discovered or redescribed by CeDAMar can be found here. Eleven of the 31 described species of Monoplacophora (a class of mollusks) live below 2000 meters.

Pseudorhabdosynochus sosia is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of groupers. It has been described in 2007 by Lassad Neifar & Louis Euzet. According to Neifar & Euzet, the name of the species refers to Sosia, who in Plautus’ comedy Amphitryon confronts his double, and to the resemblance of the vagina of P. sosia to that of P. beverleyburtonae. The species has been redescribed by Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine in 2016.

The Alexandrine parakeet was first described by French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson as Psittaca Ginginiana or "La Perruche de Gingi" (The Gingi's Parakeet) in 1760; after the town of Gingee in southeastern India, which was a French outpost then. The birds may, however, merely have been held in captivity there. Carl Linnaeus redescribed the Alexandrine parakeet in 1766 as Psittacus eupatria. Painting of an Alexandrine parakeet made between 1770 and 1786.

A redescription of the skeleton of this genus was published by Eltink & Langer in 2014, and the skull was redescribed in a follow-up study published by Eltink et al. in 2016. These studies, as well as a 2017 study focusing on rhinesuchids in general, confirmed that Australerpeton was a rhinesuchid rather than an archegosaurid. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Rio do Rasto Formation of Brazil.

It was discovered in 1784 by Félix Vicq-d'Azyr, redescribed later by Johann Christian Reil in 1809 and named by Joseph Wenzel and Karl Wenzel brothers in 1812.Swanson, LW. Neuroanatomical terminology : a lexicon of classical origins and historical foundations. Oxford University Press, 2014. England High monoamine oxidase activity in the rodent LC was found in 1959, monoamines were found in 1964 and noradrenergic ubiquitous projections in the 1970s.

Constanze Bickelmann, Johannes Müller and Robert R. Reisz (2009) redescribed Acerosodontosaurus and suggested an aquatic lifestyle for it. Their analysis is figured below, and it found support for two distinct families within "Younginiformes": the aquatic Tangasauridae, and the terrestrial Younginidae (in partial polytomy with Tangasauridae). However, they found no support for the inclusion of Kenyasaurus within any of those families. More resolved results were obtained by Reisz et al.

Four species have been assigned to Dysganus: D. encaustus, D. bicarinatus, D. peiganus and D. haydenianus. All are based solely on teeth and were described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1876. In 1907, John Bell Hatcher redescribed the teeth of Dysganus, and found that the genus was a nomen dubium. The teeth of D. peiganus were thought to be from a stegosaurian by Lull and Wright in 1942.

The species was first described in 1868 by Austrian entomologist Gustav Mayr based on three queens. He named the species and placed it into the genus Ponera as Ponera succinea. The species was redescribed in 1915 by William Morton Wheeler based on a group of 21 queens, including one of Mayrs three original syntypes. Based on the queens examined, Wheeler moved the species to the genus Euponera as Euponera (Trachymesopus) succinea.

The taxonomy of this genus is problematic. When in 1901, Schmidt first created the genus Ostreopsis, he described the type species O. siamensis from the phytoplankton in the waters of the Gulf of Thailand. However, there were anomalies in the original drawing made by Schmidt, and O. siamensis was redescribed by Fukuyo in 1981; at the same time, Fukuyo introduced two new species, O. lenticularis and O. ovata.

Selenocara is an extinct genus of mastodonsauroid temnospondyl. The type species is Selenocara groenlandica, described by Gunnar Säve-Söderbergh in 1935 on the basis of skull bones from the Lower Triassic Wordie Creek Formation of Greenland. Säve-Söderbergh originally described it as a new species of Wetlugasaurus. The original material was redescribed in 1997 by Hans C. Bjerring, who transferred Wetlugasaurus groenlandicus to the separate genus named Selenocara.

More recently, the distinctiveness of Redondasuchus from Typothorax has been supported with the description of a new species, R. rineharti, in 2006. With new skeletal material from T. coccinarum, Heckert et al. (2010) claim that Redondasuchus is distinct from Typothorax because it has strongly flexed paramedian osteoderms, while Typothorax has more gently arching paramedian osteoderms. Parker (2013) redescribed the holotype of the type species of Typothorax, T. coccinarum.

"Microdontosaurus" (meaning "tiny-toothed lizard") is the name given to an as yet undescribed genus of sauropod dinosaur from China. It was named from fossils from the Middle Jurassic-age Dapuka Group of Xinjiang. The intended type species is "M. dayensis." As with other informal names created by Zhao in 1985 or 1983, it has not been used since then, and may have been redescribed under another name.

In 1994, A. M. Smith confirmed that the holotype was an immature male, and redescribed the species using two different specimens: an adult male and an adult female. The specimens he used cannot now be found, but his description makes it clear that they actually belonged to a different species, B. hamorii. Even prior to Smith's description, B. hamorii had been misidentified as B. smithi. The two species have very similar colour patterns.

It was collected in the Archer City Bonebed 1 site, from the Archer City Formation of the Wichita Group, dating to the Early Permian epoch. Apsisaurus was formerly assigned as an "eosuchian" diapsid. In 2010, it was redescribed by Robert R. Reisz, Michel Laurin and David Marjanović; their phylogenetic analysis found it to be a basal varanopid synapsid. Below is a simplified version of the cladogram found by Reisz, Laurin and Marjanović, 2010.

Ciconia nana is an extinct species of stork from the Pliocene of Australia. It was originally described in 1888 by De Vis as Xenorhynchus nanus, based on fossil material from the Condamine River, near Chinchilla, in the Darling Downs region of Queensland. Additional material subsequently came from Cooper Creek in the eastern Lake Eyre Basin of north-eastern South Australia. The form was provisionally transferred to Ciconia in 1982 and redescribed in 2005.

It is native to the Mediterranean region near continental, oceanic, and colder climates, as well as northern Africa and temperate Asia, and it is widely naturalised elsewhere. It was first published as the full species H. leporinum by Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link in 1834. In 1882 it was redescribed as a subspecies of H. murinum by Giovanni Arcangeli, though today some authorities maintain it at the species level. Another subspecies is H. m. ssp. glaucum.

Pseudancistrus is a genus in the tribe Ancistrini of the subfamily Hypostominae. It was described by Pieter Bleeker in 1862, and redescribed by Jonathan Armbruster in 2004. Currently, there are 18 recognized species distributed in northern South America, with the inclusion of the genera Lithoxancistrus, the species formerly known as Hemiancistrus megacephalus, as well as the most recently described Pseudancistrus corantijniensis. There is no single morphological feature which distinguishes the group from related genera.

It feeds on invertebrates. Its song is similar to that of other Hippolais warblers, but distinctive and unmistakable, and entirely different from that of the olivaceous warbler. Nest with clutch of four, at Delice, Turkey Ehrenberg's original description of this bird was 'rather vague' and it was redescribed by Henry Baker Tristram in 1864, naming it Hippolais upcheri after his friend Henry Morris Upcher. This is the origin of the bird's common name.

Mythunga was redescribed by Adele Pentland and Stephen Poropat in 2018, benefiting from further preparation of the specimen. At that time it was still the most completely known pterosaur of Australia. No more than twenty pterosaur fossils were known from that continent, most of them teeth and bone fragments.Adele H. Pentland; Stephen F. Poropat, 2018, "Reappraisal of Mythunga camara Molnar & Thulborn, 2007 (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueria) from the upper Albian Toolebuc Formation of Queensland, Australia".

The taxon has been variably placed in either Caranx, Carangoides or Paratractus, but is now considered valid as Caranx crysos. The species has been independently redescribed three times, first as Caranx fusus, which is still incorrectly used by some authors (occasionally as Carangoides fusus), and later as Caranx pisquetus and Trachurus squamosus. These names are considered invalid junior synonyms under ICZN rules. The species has many common names, with the most common being 'blue runner'.

A prominent feature is the forward sloping of the quadrate and quadratojugal bones at the back of the skull. The sloping bones open up a space called the otic recess, which is positioned behind the lower temporal fossa, a hole on the side of the skull behind the eye sockets. Members of Bathyotica also lack a postfrontal bone. In 2012, the genus Parringtonia was redescribed and found to be closely related to Erpetosuchus.

The term Bilharzia to describe infection with these parasites is still in use in medical circles. Bilharz also described Schistosoma mansoni, but this species was redescribed by Louis Westenra Sambon in 1907 at the London School of Tropical Medicine who named it after his teacher Patrick Manson. In 1898, all then known species were placed in a subfamily by Stiles and Hassel. This was elevated to family status by Looss in 1899.

The St. Christopher ameiva was originally described in early 1802 by George Shaw as Lacerta erythrocephala. It was also described in August 1802 by François Marie Daudin as Ameiva erythrocephala, though as Shaw's work was published at least 7 months prior to Daudin's, his name had priority. The type locality is on Saint Christopher island in the West Indies. In 2016, it was redescribed as Pholidoscelis erythrocephala along with other West Indies ameiva species.

The braincase anatomy was redescribed in 2010, and Youngina shows a mosaic of features found in more primitive diapsids and more derived taxa such as archosauromorphs and lepidosauromorphs suggesting a non-orthogenetic evolution of these characters. Though the palatobasal articulation is open, it was probably immobile, similar to the skull of the tuatara, contrary to some earlier claims made about the metakinetic mobility of basicranial joints in Youngina and other early diapsid reptiles.

192 In 1854, in The quadrupeds of North America, Bachman redescribed it as Arvicola oryzivora, considering it more closely related to the voles then placed in the genus Arvicola, and also recorded it from Georgia and Florida. Three years later, Spencer Fullerton Baird argued that the referral of the species to Arvicola was erroneous and introduced a new generic name for the marsh rice rat, Oryzomys.Baird, 1857, pp. 458, 482, 484; Goldman, 1918, p.

The specific name sarsii is in honour of Norwegian biologist Michael Sars. According to Welter-Schultes Balea heydeni is conspecific with Balea sarsii. The name heydenii has now been superseded as the species was described from Norway at an earlier date than von Maltzan, under the name sarsii Pfeiffer (synonym lucifuga Bourguignat 1857). This species has been separated from the closely related, common and wide-spread Balea perversa and redescribed by Gittenberger et al.

Several other casts of Natural History Museum specimen 2374 are present in several other European institutions, among them a cast of higher fidelity to the original, the whereabouts of which are unknown. While the type was thought to be lost, S. E. Evans redescribed this taxon on the basis of an older mold which had been taken of the type specimen prior to its disappearance.Evans, S. E. 1984. The anatomy of the Permian reptile Heleosuchus griesbachi.

A. microbrachis Adriosaurus was first described by Seeley (1881) based on a single specimen from near Comen, Slovenia. This fossil consists of the posterior half of the vertebral column, the pelvis and hindlimbs. Later Nopcsa (1908, 1923) described a nearly complete skeleton from Hvar, Croatia. However, at that time, Nopsca's systematic conclusions were not accurate. Michael S. Y. Lee and Michael W. Caldwell redescribed Adriosaurus suessi specimen NHMR2867.Michael S. Y. Lee and Michael W. Caldwell. 2000.

Orthalicus reses, common name the Stock Island, Florida tree snail, is a species of large tropical air-breathing land snail, a tree snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Orthalicidae. It was first described in 1830 by the American naturalist Thomas Say. The holotype, a specimen probably collected in Key West, was subsequently lost. Over a hundred years later, in 1946, the American biologist Henry Augustus Pilsbry redescribed the species using a specimen from Stock Island.

Microscopic characters include the dimitic hyphal system, relatively large basidia measuring 23–31 by 8–9 μm, and large ellipsoid to egg-shaped spores measuring 7–9 by 5–6 μm. The fungus was redescribed 23 years later after it was found in a polypore survey in the Atlantic rainforest of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. There it was growing on the ground amongst leaf litter, connected to roots of a living tree of Ocotea indecora.

Neovenator salerii: A new theropod dinosaur from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight: its status and significance for Theropod evolution. A thesis submitted for the award of degree of Master of Philosophy (unpublished). University of Portsmouth In 2008, Stephen Louis Brusatte, Roger Benson and Hutt redescribed the species in great detail. In 2014, teeth indistinguishable from those of the holotype of Neovenator were found in the Angeac lignitic bone bed, France, dating to the Barremian.

Groupers, such as the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus chlorostigma, are hosts of Pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli The type-host of Pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli is the grouper Epinephelus akaara and the type-locality if off Japan. The species has also been redescribed from the brown spotted reef cod Epinephelus chlorostigma off New Caledonia, and recorded from the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides off South China P. epinepheli has also been recorded from other fish species but these records have been questioned.

In 1962, a species of Stylonurus, S. menneri, was assigned to Tylopterella by the Russian paleontologist Nestor Ivanovich Novojilov based on the possession of paired tubercles in the tergites, a characteristic dubiously present in only one specimen of S. menneri. However, this species was redescribed in a 2014 study led by the British paleontologist David J. Marshall, determining that it did not represent a eurypterid, but a new chasmataspidid genus which was named Dvulikiaspis, thus rendering Tylopterella monotypic again.

Corticium penicillatum is a species of fungus in the class Agaricomycetes. It is a corticioid fungus and a plant pathogen, the causal agent of coconut thread blight, a leaf disease of coconut palms. The species was originally described from Papua New Guinea in 1925 and has since been reported from Vanuatu, Fiji, and the Solomon Islands. Corticium penicillatum has never been redescribed or reviewed and is unlikely to be a species of Corticium in the modern sense.

Chenops is an extinct genus of notostracan which existed in the Yixian Formation, Inner Mongolia, and the Jehol fauna of China during the early Cretaceous period (Barremian age). The genus was erected by Thomas A. Hegna and Ren Dong in 2010 to describe the Yixian species, Chenops yixianensis. A second species, originally described as "Prolepidurus oblongus", from the Jehol fauna, was redescribed as C. oblongus. Unlike other notostracan genera like Triops and Lepidurus, Chenops lacked eyes.

Philip Mannion and colleagues redescribed Lusotitan in 2013, creating a new analysis of 279 characters drawn from significant previous analyses by Upchurch and Wilson supplemented by other studies. 63 sauropods were included, focusing on non- titanosaurian sauropods, although 14 probable titanosaurs were included. Unique to Mannion et al., continuous characters were distinguished in a run of the matrix, which resolved almost all of Somphospondyli within Titanosauria because of Andesaurus placing very basal in a large group of Andesauroidea.

Skeletocutis biguttulata is a species of poroid fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was first described scientifically by Swedish mycologist Lars Romell in 1932. Tuomo Niemelä redescribed and illustrated the fungus in 1998, and explained that collections of this fungus had previously been attributed to the related Skeletocutis subincarnata. S. biguttulata may be distinguished from the latter fungus by its biguttulate spores (containing two oil droplets), more regularly arranged pores, and the cracking pore surface seen in older specimens.

The species was first described scientifically by Miles Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis in 1860 as Agaricus chlorophos. The original specimens were collected from the Bonin Islands by American botanist Charles Wright in October 1854 as part of the North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition of 1853–56. Pier Andrea Saccardo transferred the species to the genus Mycena in an 1887 publication. Daniel Desjardin and colleagues redescribed the species and set a lectotype specimen in 2010.

The similarity of the forelimbs of Deinonychus (left) and Archaeopteryx (right) led John Ostrom to revive the link between dinosaurs and birds. The tide began to turn against the 'thecodont' hypothesis after the 1964 discovery of a new theropod dinosaur in Montana. In 1969, this dinosaur was described and named Deinonychus by John Ostrom of Yale University. The next year, Ostrom redescribed a specimen of Pterodactylus in the Dutch Teyler Museum as another skeleton of Archaeopteryx.

The species was described by Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre in 1778. He classified it in the genus Squalus, with the full scientific name of Squalus maculatus. Bonnaterre redescribed the species in 1788 in Orectolobus, its current genus, making its full scientific name Orectolobus maculatus, with Squalus maculatus now a synonym of it. Other synonyms of the species include Squalus barbatus (Gmelin, 1789), Squalus lobatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Squalus appendiculatus (Shaw & Nodder, 1806), and Squalus labiatus (Bleeker, 1857).

Pseudomonilicaryon anser has had a long and confusing history, complicated by a series of name changes and misidentifications. The species was first described and illustrated by Otto Müller in 1773, under the name Vibrio anser, and redescribed by Ehrenberg in 1838, as Amphileptus anser. In 1841, Félix Dujardin moved the species to the new genus Dileptus. However, Dujardin's Dileptus anser was actually a misidentified specimen of Dileptus margaritifer (Ehrenberg, 1834), a dileptid of similar size with a shorter proboscis and scattered macronucleus.

The type material was collected between 1952 and 1954 by Emil Schutz. They were donated to the University of Zürich in 1955. In 1986, most of the material was described by Peter Galton, who referred them all to the species Plateosaurus engelhardti. In 2020, Oliver Rauhut, Femke Holwerda and Heinz Furrer redescribed most of Schutz's remains, as well as some remains in the collections of the Museum zu Allerheiligen in Schaffhausen and new remains from a excavation in 2016 led by Holwerda.

An isolated population of the Rhodesian girdled lizard (Cordylus rhodesianus) from granite outcrops in montane grassland of northern Malawi was recently redescribed as Cordylus nyikae. Unlike the Rhodesian girdled lizard, the head shields of this species are very rugose, the nostrils are pierced in the lower posterior corner of the nasal scales, and the dorsals do not have a serrated posterior margin. The dorsal coloration is dark brown to gray-brown with lighter spots. The tail and upper lips are light brown.

More recent works that use phylogenetic analyses usually suggest that neither Younginoidea nor Younginiformes are monophyletic. Constanze Bickelmann, Johannes Müller and Robert R. Reisz (2009) redescribed Acerosodontosaurus and suggested an aquatic lifestyle for it. Their analysis is figured below, and it found support for two distinct families within "Younginiformes": the aquatic Tangasauridae, and the terrestrial Younginidae (in partial polytomy with Tangasauridae). More resolved results were obtained by Robert R. Reisz, Sean P. Modesto and Diane M. Scott (2011) in their description of Orovenator.

In the editorial notes of the report, Murray stated that Haeckel's "Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger" represents Haeckel's ten years' devotion. In Haeckel's report, all existing knowledge on Radiolaria was recorded, and older species and fossils were redescribed into three volumes. It is indisputable that Haeckel's contribution built the foundation of morphological knowledge in Radiolaria and its orders including Collodaria. However, research in recent years has found major discrepancies between molecular phylogenetic trees and Haeckel's morphology-based phylogenetic trees.

However, he was also wrong in assigning a walking leg of Salteropterus abbreviatus to the hughmilleriid species. Currently, all descriptions prior to 2006 of H. banksii are considered inadequate or of little use. The separation of H. banksii as an independent genus was predicted by Størmer in 1973, when he noticed that the morphology of the type B genital appendage was more similar to that of Parahughmilleria. In 2006, O. Erik Tetlie redescribed the species based on the majority of available material.

The genus was originally described as a subgenus of Boletus by Roger Heim in 1936, and raised to generic status by Rolf Singer that year. It was later redescribed with another type species (Phaeogyroporus braunii) under the name Phaeogyroporus by Rolf Singer in 1944. This name was used until 1981, when a specimen of Phlebopus colossus was collected and mycologist Paul Heinemann designated it as the lectotype. The genus name is derived from the Greek Φλεβο- "vein" and πους "foot".

E. hypolithus wing The species was redescribed from fourteen isolated wings and a single long male in 2014. The species is distinguishable by the notably narrow rm cell of the forewing, which mostly takes a triangular shape, but sometimes is quadrangular. The mid-sized cmu cell is trapezoidal and the rs-m cross-vein is usually placed on the wing tip side of the 2r-rs vein. The male has a small head with compound eyes located anterior to the head's midpoint.

Vinialesaurus is a genus of plesiosaur from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) Jagua Formation of Pinar del Río, Cuba. The type species is Vinialesaurus caroli, first described as Cryptocleidus caroli by De la Torre and Rojas in 1949, and redescribed by Gasparini, Bardet and Iturralde in 2002. The authors of the 2002 paper considered Vinialesaurus distinct enough from Cryptocleidus to warrant its own genus, but it was broadly similar to Cryptocleidus. The name Vinialesaurus honors Viñales, the town in western Cuba where the fossils of Vinialesaurus was discovered.

Both species were moved to a new genus, Tornieria, in 1911. Upon further study of these remains and many other sauropod fossils from the hugely productive Tendaguru Beds, Werner Janensch moved the species once again, this time to the North American genus Barosaurus. In 1991, "Gigantosaurus" robustus was recognized as a titanosaur and placed in a new genus, Janenschia, as J. robusta. Meanwhile, many paleontologists suspected "Barosaurus" africanus was also distinct from the North American genus, which was confirmed when the material was redescribed in 2006.

Brachypelma hamorii was initially misidentified as the very similar B. smithi, a species originally described in 1897. In 1968, the holotype of B. smithi was found to be an immature male, and in 1994, A. M. Smith redescribed B. smithi using two adult specimens. The specimens cannot now be found, but his description makes it clear that they actually belonged to what is now B. hamorii, not B. smithi. B. hamorii was first described by Marc Tesmoingt, Frédéric Cleton and Jean Verdez in 1997.

Russula sanguinaria in Germany, Schelklingen, Hausen The bloody brittlegill was first described as Agaricus sanguinarius by Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher in 1803, and redescribed under its current binomial name by mycologist Stephan Rauschert in 1989. Agaricus sanguinea was described by Bulliard and renamed Russula sanguinea by Elias Magnus Fries. Both the specific epithets sanguinaria and sanguinea are derived from the Latin word sanguis "blood", a reference to this mushroom’s colour. It is unclear whether this European species is the same as the American species Russula rosacea.

The skull also included forward-pointing nasals, something truly different to any dinosaur, and fenestrae differing from the drawing and other skulls. No apatosaurine skull was mentioned in literature until the 1970s, when John Stanton McIntosh and David Berman redescribed the skulls of Diplodocus and Apatosaurus. They found that though he never published his opinion, Holland was almost certainly correct, that Apatosaurus (and Brontosaurus) had a Diplodocus-like skull. According to them, many skulls long thought to pertain to Diplodocus might instead be those of Apatosaurus.

Clavaria fragilis was originally described from Denmark in 1790 by Danish naturalist and mycologist Theodor Holmskjold, and was sanctioned under this name by Elias Magnus Fries in his 1821 Systema Mycologicum. The Latin epithet fragilis refers to the brittle fruit bodies. The species was redescribed by Swedish mycologist Olof Swartz in 1811, using the name Clavaria vermicularis (the epithet meaning "wormlike"). Though it is a later synonym—and thus obsolete according to the principle of priority—the latter name is still frequently used today.

The species has been redescribed and named a further three times, all of which are similarly considered to be junior synonyms. The horse-eye jack is similar in appearance to the bigeye trevally (Caranx sexfasciatus) of the Indo-Pacific region, causing the American ichthyologist John Nichols to describe C latus as a 'form' of C. sexfasciatus. This analysis is no longer accepted, with the two species considered separate. The horse-eye jack was included in a wide-ranging study of the molecular systematics of the Carangidae.

Klamelisaurus (meaning "Kelameili Mountains lizard") is a genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Shishugou Formation of China. The type species is Klamelisaurus gobiensis, which was named by Zhao Xijin in 1993, based on a partial skeleton discovered in 1982 near the abandoned town of Jiangjunmiao. Zhao described Klamelisaurus as the only member of a new subfamily, Klamelisauridae, among the now-defunct primitive sauropod order Bothrosauropodoidea. Since Zhao's description, Klamelisaurus received limited attention from researchers until Andrew Moore and colleagues redescribed it in 2020.

The wing was first activated in 1942 as the San Francisco Air Defense Wing, It provided air defense for the San Francisco area. It also trained fighter groups and personnel. Its mission, equipment and personnel were transferred to the 411th AAF Base Unit (Fighter Wing) on 1 April 1944,Abstract, History of San Francisco Fighter Wing Apr-Jun 1944 (retrieved Dec 10, 2012) The wing remained a paper unit until 7 June, when the 411th was simultaneously redescribed as the 411th AAF Base Unit (Air Defense Region).

When it was first named in 1989, Acallosuchus was classified as a proterochampsid archosauriform. This was mainly based on the postcranial skeleton that is now assigned to Vancleavea, a definite archosauriform. When Vancleavea and Acallosuchus were distinguished from each other in 1995, both were redescribed as indeterminate diapsid reptiles. The presence of a postorbito-jugal bar indicates that Acallosuchus is a diapsid with the characteristic presence of two large holes in the back of the skull (the bar would have formed the anterior margins of these holes).

The use of Pelvicachromis camerunensis is doubly confusing given that this species is not found in Cameroon. Nevertheless, specimens of this species were mentioned in Thys van den Audenaerde (1968) as P. pulcher "form B" or P. sp. aff. pulcher and recognized as being a distinct species, different from P. pulcher mainly in colouration patterns. P. sacrimontis was redescribed by Anton Lamboj and Christopher Pichler in their 2012 paper with a neotype and paraneotypes being assigned from specimens held in The Royal Museum for Central Africa.

The species now known as Sternotherus odoratus was first described by the French taxonomist Pierre André Latreille in 1801, from a specimen collected near Charleston, South Carolina. At the time, almost all turtles were classified in the genus Testudo, and he gave it the name Testudo odorata. In 1825, John Edward Gray created the genus Sternotherus to include species of musk turtles, and it became Sternotherus odoratus. The species has been redescribed numerous times by many authors, leading to a large amount of confusion in its classification.

The species was first described by Otto Fabricius in 1780, under the name Cancer phalangium, a name that was invalid due to Johan Christian Fabricius having used it previously for the species now known as Inachus phalangium. The first valid scientific name was provided by Otto Fabricius in 1788, when he redescribed the species as Cancer opilio. The type locality is Greenland. As the genus Cancer was divided up, the species C. opilio was transferred to a new genus, Chionoecetes by Henrik Nikolai Krøyer in 1838.

The species was also completely redescribed twice in its history, the first time by Williams in 1958 under the name Carangoides rectipinnus, and again in 1974 by Kotthaus, who named the species Carangoides rhomboides. These two names are considered junior synonyms under the ICZN rules for classification and therefore are discarded. In English, the species nearly always goes under the common name of Malabar trevally, with the name Malabar kingfish rarely used. A wide number of local names in other languages are also in use.

PVL 4619, the PVL specimen mentioned by Romer, was a partial skeleton including a complete pelvis and left hindlimb, as well as a partial right hindlimb. PVL 4625 was another skeleton discovered later, which included portions of the left hip, left hindlimb, and vertebral column. Paul Sereno and Arcucci redescribed the known material in 1994 and mentioned that an isolated partial femur of this species was also present at the PVL, although Martin Ezcurra (2016) noted that the provided catalogue number, PVL 5000, actually referred to a notoungulate mammal.

Austrian ichthyologist Viktor Pietschmann described the prickly shark as a new species in two separate publications: a brief German account in a 1928 volume of Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien and a more detailed English account in a 1930 volume of Bishop Museum Bulletins. Pietschmann named the shark in honor of C. Montague Cooke Jr., a conchologist at the Bishop Museum. However, prickly sharks were continually misidentified as bramble sharks (E. brucus) and referred to as such in scientific literature until 1960, when Jack Garrick redescribed the species.

A putative second species, "Turfanosuchus" shageduensis, was described in 1982. However, due to its large intercentra, this species is not considered to be a close relative of Turfanosuchus, and was likely an indeterminate euparkeriid related to Halazhaisuchus. In 2001, Xiao-Chun Wu (of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing) and Anthony Russell (of the University of Calgary) redescribed the fossil. Wu and Russell prepared the fossil, and noted the limb bones (femur and humerus) resembled those of Ticinosuchus and Euparkeria, though the calcaneum did not.

The different species of Spironucleus can be found in a variety of animal hosts, including fish, birds, and mice. One parasite in fish was previously known as Spironucleus barkhanus, but was then redescribed as Spironucleus salmonicida. This new classification was given to this organism so that Spironucleus salmonicida could be discernible from the fish commensals Spironucleus barkhanus as they were morphologically identical, but genetically different . Spironucleus vortens species is often found in freshwater angelfish, where it affects the gastrointestinal tract and may cause head and lateral line erosion .

Deroceras invadens is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. Until 2011, this widely distributed species was known as Deroceras panormitanum, and earlier as Deroceras caruanae or Agriolimax caruanae, but Reise et al. (2011) showed that these names refer to a distinct species of similar external appearance known at that time only from Sicily and Malta. Consequently, although the more widespread species was already well known, it then had to be redescribed under the new name of D. invadens.

Doswelliidae is an extinct family of carnivorous archosauriform reptiles that lived in North America and Europe during the Middle to Late Triassic period. Long represented solely by the heavily-armored reptile Doswellia, the family's composition has expanded since 2011, although two supposed South American doswelliids (Archeopelta and Tarjadia) were later redescribed as erpetosuchids. Doswelliids were not true archosaurs, but they were close relatives and some studies have considered them among the most derived non- archosaurian archosauriforms. They may have also been related to the Proterochampsidae, a South American family of crocodile-like archosauriforms.

Anguillavus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the upper Cenomanian of Lebanon and the United States. It was originally described as a primitive eel that still had pelvic fins, unlike modern eels. In 1981, the holotype of A. hackberryensis, from Cenomanian-aged marine strata in Kansas, was reexamined, whereupon the genus was then redescribed as a genus of dercertid aulopiform fish. However G. David Johnson (2011) cites several studies which refute it (Patterson 1993; Y. Lu 1994, A. Belouze 2002 and 2003).

When German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin redescribed the bird with the species name franciae ("of France") in 1789, he referred to the French tricolour which had just been flown for the first time. Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre used the name batavica ("the Dutch one") in his description in 1790. In 1840 the English zoologist George Robert Gray named a new genus, Alectroenas, for the Mauritius blue pigeon; alektruon in Greek means domestic cock, and oinas means dove. Alectroenas nitidissima is the type species of the genus, which includes all blue pigeons.

Among them were two new specimens of A. brevitelson from Alken, 624-D (a well- preserved prosoma with remains of appendages) and 697-D (a fragmentary specimen with the prosoma, appendages, preabdomen, the last two postabdominal segments and telson). They also redescribed the holotype of A. brevitelson. Further, a specimen of a new species of Alkenopterus was found in another locality in the Nellenköpfchen Formation, near Burglahr (in the same state as Alken). PWL 2002/5011 LS is almost complete and well-preserved but somewhat distorted; it is the only known find of this species.

S. quadriscissus restoration Most of the known specimens of Stenopterygius, more than 100, were recently redescribed by Michael W. Maisch. He found that S. quadriscissus (the type species) also includes S. eos, S. incessus, and S. macrophasma, as well as specimens previously referred to S. hauffianus and S. megacephalus. Maisch followed Woodward (1932) and considered Ichthyosaurus triscissus to be a valid species of Stenopterygius. The type specimens of S. longifrons, S. megacephalus, and S. megalorhinus were all referred to this species, as the name I. triscissus has a priority over them.

The species was independently redescribed a number of times, with the fish placed in subspecies status twice. John Treadwell Nichols considered his C. ferdau jordani to be separate from C. orthogrammus, or possibly a subspecies of the blue trevally, C. ferdau, and was later treansferred to C. jordani. It was also considered a subspecies or a synonym of the bludger, C. gymnostethoides, and was also renamed as C. nitidus. The fish is now considered a separate species, with the subspecies names and the later names rendered invalid under the ICZN naming rules.

The vagina includes a sclerotized part, which is a complex structure. Pseudorhabdosynochus sosia was redescribed from Museum specimens and new collections from off Tunisia by Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, who proposed to erect a "beverleyburtonae group" for species who share common characteristics with it, including similar sclerotised vaginae and squamodiscs, and host groupers belonging to the genus Mycteroperca in the Mediterranean and the eastern Atlantic. These species are P. beverleyburtonae (Oliver, 1984) Kritsky & Beverley-Burton, 1986, P. sosia, P. hayet Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2016 and P. oliveri Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2016.

The common name is variously written as narrowleaf-, narrow-leaf-, or narrow-leafed drumsticks. The common name drumsticks is derived from the globular cones of the members of the genus. In 1799, the Spanish botanist Antonio José Cavanilles described Protea acufera, later identified as a synonym by Salisbury and Robert Brown. I. anethifolius gained its current name in 1809 when it was redescribed as the dill-leaved isopogon (Isopogon anethifolius) by English plantsman Joseph Knight in his controversial work On the cultivation of the plants belonging to the natural order of Proteeae.

The generic name Klamelisaurus refers to the Kelameili Mountains to the north of Jiangjunmiao, of which "Klameli" is a variant spelling. The specific name gobiensis refers to the Gobi Desert, in which Jiangjunmiao is located. Following Zhao's description, IVPP V9492 received limited attention in the literature until it was redescribed by Andrew Moore and colleagues in 2020. They noted that the specimen's reconstruction had been altered since Zhao's description, namely by the addition of a frontward-projecting process on the 15th and the removal of a fabricated connection to the (vertebral body).

Termatosaurus ("end lizard", because it came from the end of the Upper Triassic) is a genus of archosaur known from several specimens (only teeth are known) spanning two species. Its remains come from the Upper Triassic and was once thought to have survived until the Early Jurassic, but the Jurassic remains were redescribed as plesiosaur remains. It has only been found in France, England, Germany and Switzerland. and two species are known of this animal: the type species, Termatosaurus albertii, named by Meyer and T. Plieninger in 1844; and T. crocodilinus, by Quenstedt (1858).

The taxon was originally described in 1926 by Kraglievich as a member of the genus Nothropus, when it was redescribed in 2007, it was found to be distinct enough to be placed in the separate genus Diabolotherium and was placed in the family Megalonychidae, however, the type specimen skull was missing its teeth. When teeth were found, it instead was found it within Megatheroidea, a larger grouping which contains Megalonychidae as well as Nothrotheriidae and Megatheriidae, but did not find close clustering with any of the aforementioned groups.

The fossils were first studied by the Cuban Quaternary paleontologist Oscar Arredondo who described the species and placed it into a new genus Antillovultur as Antillovultur varonai. The erection of the genus was subsequently questioned by other paleontologists, with Storrs L. Olson in 1978 suggesting it should was possibly a member of the genus Gymnogyps. The fossils were fully redescribed in 2003 by William Suárez and Steven Emslie, who concluded that the species belonged to Gymnogyps and synonymized Antillovultur into the genus, resulting in the species being named Gymnogyps varonai.

The vagina includes a sclerotized part, which is a complex structure. Pseudorhabdosynochus beverleyburtonae was redescribed from Museum specimens and new collections from off Tunisia by Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, who proposed to erect a "beverleyburtonae group" for species who share common characteristics with it, including similar sclerotised vaginae and squamodiscs, and host groupers belonging to the genus Mycteroperca in the Mediterranean and the eastern Atlantic. These species are P. sosia Neifar & Euzet, 2007, P. hayet Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2016 and P. oliveri Chaabane, Neifar, Gey & Justine, 2016.

The skull also included forward-pointing nasalssomething unusual for any dinosaurand fenestrae differing from both the drawing and other skulls. Skull of BYU 17096 ("Einstein") in front view No Apatosaurus skull was mentioned in literature until the 1970s when John Stanton McIntosh and David Berman redescribed the skulls of Diplodocus and Apatosaurus. They found that though he never published his opinion, Holland was almost certainly correct, that Apatosaurus had a Diplodocus-like skull. According to them, many skulls long thought to pertain to Diplodocus might instead be those of Apatosaurus.

A single fossil from the Cape Breton, Nova Scotia area was interpreted as a fossil dragonfly larvae and described by Samuel Hubbard Scudder in 1876 as Libellula carbonaria. The fossil was very incomplete, consisting of a solitary opisthosoma. With the discovery of more complete fossils from Mazon Creek, Illinois, and Joggins, Nova Scotia, Samuel Scudder redescribed the fossils as amblypygids and moved the species to a new genus, Graeophonus as Graeophonus carbonarius. While describing the British species, Graeophonus anglicus, Reginald Innes Pocock noted significant differences between the Nova Scotian and more complete Mazon Creek fossils.

This species was first described in the literature as Marasmius sulciceps by English Naturalist Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1848, based on a specimen found four years earlier growing on old wood in Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka). In 1898, Otto Kuntze transferred the species to Chamaeceras, a genus that has since been subsumed back into Marasmius. Because of its brown-colored spore print, Dutch mycologist Karel Bernard Boedijn transferred the species to the genus Phaeomarasmius 1938. In 1951, he redescribed the species and transferred it to its current position in Galerina.

In biological taxonomy a monograph is a comprehensive treatment of a taxon. Blackwell's 1943 Monograph of West Indian Staphylinidae revised all known species of Staphylinidae (as it was defined at the time, except the largest subfamily, the Aleochorinae, which were simply listed, not revised) from the islands, added newly discovered species, redescribed species, provided synonymies and identification keys and collected together all available information on biology and morphological variations within the group. It remains a classic work of entomology, and is still the standard reference for the region. The tasks involved were 1\.

Over time, it was reclassified first into the now invalid genus Carangichthys and finally into Carangoides where it has remained. The species was also independently redescribed and classified several times, first as Caranx auriga by Charles De Vis, Citula gracilis by William Ogilby and as Caranx tanakai by Yojiro Wakiya. These names all were applied after Cuvier's initial, correct naming making them junior synonyms under ICZN rules, rendering them invalid. The common names applied to the species are descriptive, with the name 'coachwhip trevally' in allusion to the elongated, whip-like dorsal fin lobe.

The known material includes two cervical vertebrae, nine dorsal vertebrae, a few ribs, a fragment of a pubis, and many gastroliths. Of the material, only the vertebrae are diagnostic, with the ribs and pubis being too fragmentary or general to distinguish Dinheirosaurus. This material was first described as in the genus Lourinhasaurus, but differences were noticed and in 1999 Bonaparte and Mateus redescribed the material under the new binomial Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis. Another specimen, ML 418, thought to be Dinheirosaurus, is now known to be from another Portuguese diplodocid.

Pistia-like plants appear in the fossil record during the Late Cretaceous epoch in rock strata from the western interior of North America. They were first described as †Pistia corrugata by Leo Lesquereux in 1876 based on specimens from the Almond Formation of Wyoming (late Campanian age). However, based on more complete specimens from the Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation of southern Alberta, Canada, and other areas, they were redescribed as a separate genus, †Cobbania, primarily due to differences in leaf morphology.Stockey, R.A., Rothwell, G.R. and Johnson, K.R. 2007.

The species was later transferred to the scad genus Alepes by Gushiken in 1983, and a specimen from Puducherry, India was designated to be the lectotype the following year by Smith-Vaniz. The species was redescribed and renamed twice after Cuvier's description, first by Pieter Bleeker as Selar macrurus and then by Henry Fowler as Alepes glabra, both of which are junior synonyms discarded under ICZN rules. Although commonly called the 'herring scad', the names duskyfin crevalle, trevally scad and, incorrectly, blackfin scad (A. melanoptera) are applied to the species.

Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14:249-270. The specimen was in poor condition, as it had eroded from a slope and been walked on by cattle. Ankylosaurians being very poorly known, Williston compared his new genus to Stegosaurus, and the armor to that of Glyptodon; like that mammal, Stegopelta had a fused section of armor (in its case over the pelvis). Roy Lee Moodie redescribed it in 1910, and considered it to be close to, if not the same as, Ankylosaurus.

Contrastingly, however, Mucor mucedo is found to grow on a wide range of stored grains and plants, including cucumber and tomato. Discovered in Italy in 1729 by P.A. Micheli and later noted by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in the Species Plantarum, Mucor mucedo was originally classified as Mucor vulgaris by Micheli but later classified synonymous under name Mucor mucedo. The species was redescribed as Ascophora mucedo by H.J. Tode in 1790 but this type resided in a stoloniferous habitat and was later made the type of new genus Rhizopus.

He was the author of numerous scientific papers, published in the Scottish Naturalist, Journal of Botany, and The Proceedings and Transactions of the Perthshire Society of Natural Science. White was a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society and the Linnean Society.Manuscript Collection of Francis Buchanan- White (1842-1894), A Collection Description In 1883, Buchanan White redescribed the known species of the Hemiptera genus Halobates and he illustrated 11 species in colour, with numerous drawings in black and white of structural details. This was one of the parts of the Challenger Report.

The hypothesis was directly challenged by a 2011 paper by Andrew Farke and a 2012 one by Nicholas Longrich. Farke in 2011 redescribed the problematic Nedoceratops hatcheri as an aged or diseased individual of its own genus, against Scannella and Horner who argued for its identification with Triceratops. Farke pointed out that the irregular holes in the Nedoceratops frill, far from piercing thinning bone, were surrounded by thick swellings. Farke further concluded that several facts were difficult to reconcile with the proposed development of a Triceratops into a Torosaurus.

During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, many land planarian species were described based solely on external characters. Currently, the genera of land planarians are highly based on their internal anatomy, especially the anatomy of the copulatory apparatus. As a result, species with old descriptions that were never redescribed, so that their internal anatomy remains unknown, cannot be assigned to the correct genus. Thus, the genus Diversibipalium was created to temporarily accommodate species of the subfamily Bipaliinae whose anatomy of the copulatory apparatus is still unknown.

Many land planarian species described during the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century were classified based solely on external characters. Currently, the land planarian genera are highly based on their internal anatomy, especially the anatomy of the copulatory apparatus. As a result, species with old descriptions that were never redescribed, so that their internal anatomy remains unknown, cannot be assigned to the correct genus. Thus, the genus Pseudogeoplana was erected to temporarily accommodate species of the subfamily Geoplaninae whose anatomy of the copulatory apparatus is still unknown.

Many species of land planarians described during the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century were classified based solely on external characters. Currently, land planarian genera are highly based on internal anatomy, especially the anatomy of the copulatory apparatus. Consequently, species with old descriptions that were never redescribed, so that their internal anatomy remains unknown, cannot be assigned to the correct genus. Thus, the genus Anisorhynchodemus was erected to temporarily accommodate species of the tribe Rhynchodemini whose anatomy of the copulatory apparatus is still unknown.

Many species of land planarians described during the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century were classified based solely on external characters. Currently, land planarian genera are highly based on internal anatomy, especially the anatomy of the copulatory apparatus. As a result, species with old descriptions that were never redescribed, so that their internal anatomy remains unknown, cannot be assigned to the correct genus. Thus, the genus Statomicroplana was erected to temporarily accommodate species of the subfamily Microplaninae whose anatomy of the copulatory apparatus is still unknown.

Many species of land planarians described during the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century were classified based solely on external characters. Currently, the land planarian genera are highly based on internal anatomy, especially the anatomy of the copulatory apparatus. As a result, species with old descriptions that were never redescribed, so that their internal anatomy remains unknown, cannot be assigned to the correct genus. Thus, the genus Australopacifica was erected to temporarily accommodate species of the tribe Caenoplanini whose anatomy of the copulatory apparatus is still unknown.

Microcotyle pomatomi was described by Goto in 1899 from the gills of the bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Pomatomidae) collected at Newport off Rhode Island, United States. It was redescribed by Lebedev et al., (1969) from Pomatomus saltatrix off south- western Africa and by Williams (1991) on the base of 7 specimens from the gills of Pomatomus saltatrix off western Australia. Williams (1991) compared Microcotyle collected from Pomatomus saltatrix off Western Australia with M. pomotomi, M. australiensis, M. temnodontis and M. debueni from the same host and noted important problems with the parasite taxonomy.

The American crocodile was described by Georges Cuvier in 1807, and became known as the "sharp-snout alligator". In 1822, Constantine Samuel Rafinesque postulated that the species was in fact a crocodile. The species was redescribed as Crocodylus floridanus by William Temple Hornaday in 1875, when Hornaday and C. E. Jackson were sent to Florida to collect alligator hides. Upon hearing of a "big old gator" in Arch Creek at the head of Biscayne Bay, Hornaday and his companions searched for it and reported: > In a few hours, we got sight of him, out on the bank in a saw-grass wallow.

O. viverrini was first described by a French parasitologist Jules Poirier in 1886, who discovered the parasite in an Indian fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrus), originally from Southeast Asia, that died in the Zoological Gardens attached to the National Museum of Natural History in Paris. He named it Distomum viverrini. American parasitologists Charles Wardell Stiles and Albert Hassall redescribed it and assigned it to the existing genus Opisthorchis (created by a French zoologist Raphaël Blanchard) in 1891. The first human specimen was described by a British parasitologist Robert Thomson Leiper in 1915, but without knowing the exact parasite.

The two genera can be distinguished by the overall size of the species, with Kagapsychops continentalis being two times as long in the forewing as Undulopsychopsis alexi. Kagapsychops also possesses a radial space with a graded group of crossveins. The combination of costal space which lacks numerous crossveins, along with the multi-branched Rs1 and 1A veins, is a feature set found in another extinct Neuropteran family, Osmylopsychopidae. This similarity lead Peng and team to only tentatively place Undulopsychopsis into Psychopsidae, with the caveat that a number of the genera in Psychopsidae should be redescribed to clarify their family affiliation.

Abstracts of Papers and Posters with Program, Excursion Guidebook, p. 41 In 2006, in his doctoral thesis he named this Gideonmantellia amosanjuanae; as a nomen ex dissertatione this name was as yet invalid though.Ruiz-Omeñaca, J.I., 2006, Restos directos de dinosaurios (Saurischia, Ornithischia) en el Barremiense (Cretácico Inferior) de la Cordillera Ibérica en Aragón (Teruel, España). Tesis Doctoral, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, España pp 584 In 2012, the type species Gideonmantellia amosanjuanae was validly named and redescribed by Ruiz-Omeñaca, José Ignacio Canudo, Gloria Cuenca- Bescós, Penélope Cruzado-Caballero, José Manuel Gasca and Miguel Moreno- Azanza.

Bonaparte considered the gondwanatheres to be probably most closely related to the xenarthrans (sloths, armadillos, and anteaters) within a group called Paratheria. Also in 1990, Bonaparte merged the family Gondwanatheriidae into Sudamericidae and, together with David Krause, redefined Gondwanatheria as a multituberculate suborder that included both Ferugliotheriidae and Sudamericidae, thus rejecting a relationship between gondwanatheres and xenarthrans. Krause, Bonaparte, and Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska redescribed Ferugliotherium in 1992 and suggested that the teeth that Vucetichia was based on may have been worn specimens of Ferugliotherium. They placed Ferugliotherium among multituberculates and suggested that it may be part of the suborder Plagiaulacoidea.

After Haughton's paper (1930), Tangasaurus and Hovasaurus were usually included as the only representatives of the family Tangasauridae. The known specimens of Tangasaurus were redescribed by Philip J. Currie (1982). He diagnosed the genus on the basis of two autapomorphies: It possesses high and rectangular neural spines of the dorsal vertebrae and the height of neural spine of mid- caudal vertebra about 35% greater than length of associated centrum, and about 75% length of associated haemal arch and spine. The largest "tangasaurid" (sensu Currie, 1982) is Hovasaurus with an estimated maximum snout-vent length of about .

The species was moved to the genus Limnobiorhynchus in 1860 by Carl Robert Osten- Sacken, and later moved by Osten-Sacken again, this time to the genus Elephantomyia. The fossils were reexamined and the species redescribed in 2015 by paleoentomologist Iwona Kania of the University of Rzeszów, who examined the holotype and the ten additional specimens. Kania noted that two of the specimens Loew had placed into the species did not match the type description or redescription well, each having a notably short rostrom. Further study of the two was suggested to clarify the species and genus they belong to.

Bellusaurus has been suggested to represent a juvenile Klamelisaurus In The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, a popular book with two editions published in 2010 and 2016, Paul has suggested that Klamelisaurus may have been be the adult form of Bellusaurus (known only from juvenile specimens). In 2018, Moore and colleagues redescribed Bellusaurus and provided several arguments to refute this notion. First, they noted that the two were not actually contemporaries; the holotype of Klamelisaurus originates from slightly older strata (rock layers). They also listed twenty-four characteristics in the vertebrae, coracoid, and humerus that differentiated the two genera.

However, the osteoderms of Parringtonia are comparable to a number of other small archosaurs and cannot diagnose it as an erpetosuchid alone. Since Parringtonia lacks all of the autapomorphies or unique characteristics of Erpetosuchus including an otic notch at the back of the skull and a large antorbital fenestra set in a deep fossa on the snout, its classification as an erpetosuchid was tentative at first. Parringtonia was redescribed in 2012 by Nesbitt & Butler and included in a phylogenetic analysis along with Erpetosuchus. The analysis confirmed that Parringtonia and Erpetosuchus were sister taxa in their own clade, which was designated Erpetosuchidae.

Philip J. Currie (1982) redescribed Tangasaurus and its relationships with other "eosuchians". He diagnosed Kenyasaurus on the basis of five autapomorphies: It possesses low but anteroposteriorly elongate neural spines in the dorsal region, 56 caudal vertebrae and 28 pairs of caudal ribs and transverse processes. Its astragalus is almost triangular rather than primitive L-shape and it has pronounced process on fifth metatarsal for insertion of peroneus brevis. Currie (1982) united two subfamilies within the Tangasauridae: Kenyasaurinae (that he named to include Kenyasaurus and Thadeosaurus, both are thought to be terrestrial) and Tangasaurinae (to include the aquatic Tangasaurus and Hovasaurus).

1929, "Los saurisquios y ornitisquios del Cretáceo Argentino", Anales del Museo de La Plata (series 3) 3: 1–196 By present convention both specific names would be spelled as T. valdensis and T. lydekkeri respectively. In 1993 Jean le Loeuff redescribed the material and named a separate genus: Iuticosaurus, the generic name referring to the Jutes who settled the island in the fifth century and established a Jute dynasty in the sixth century. Le Loeuff made Iuticosaurus valdensis the type species, and chose BMNH 151 as the lectotype. Another vertebra, BMNH R 1886, was referred by him to this species.

Myrmeciinae is a subfamily of the Formicidae, ants once found worldwide but now restricted to Australia and New Caledonia. This subfamily is one of several ant subfamilies which possess gamergates, female worker ants which are able to mate and reproduce, thus sustaining the colony after the loss of the queen. The Myrmeciinae subfamily was formerly composed of only one genus, Myrmecia, but the subfamily was redescribed by Ward & Brady in 2003 to include two tribes and four genera: An additional three genera, one form genus, and 9 species were described in 2006 from the Early Eocene of Denmark, Canada, and Washington.

The name's specific epithet is derived from the Latin translation of "black spotted". This is still currently considered the correct placement, however later authors placed in other now defunct genera (Carangus and Carangichthys) which has since been deemed incorrect, and the original classification stands. The species was independently redescribed and named seven times after Cuvier's initial description, with all of these names assigned between 1836 and 1895. The names C. bixanthopterus and C. stellatus were often used in the literature, and were variably classed as synonyms of C. melampygus or valid individual species after their naming.

Erwin von Baelz reported the presence of similar flukes from an autopsy of a Japanese patient at Tokyo University in 1883. He recorded two different forms, naming the smaller, more pathogenic form as Distoma hepatis endemicum sive perniciosum, and the larger, less pathogenic form as D.h.e.s. innocuum. Isao Ijima correctly redescribed them as the same species, but still wrongly renamed it Distoma endemicum in 1886. When a new genus Opisthorchis was created by Émile Blanchard in 1895, Cobbold's species name D. sinense was moved to the new genus because of close similarities with the other members.

Their monograph, Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America, was published in 1942, and looked back at the whole of understanding about the family. It was designed as a definitive work, covering all aspects of their biology and evolution, and as part of it every known species was re-evaluated and many of them redescribed. They agreed with prior authors on the semi-aquatic nature of hadrosaurs, but re-evaluated Cope's idea of weak jaws and found quite the opposite. The teeth were rooted in strong batterries and would be continuously replaced to prevent them getting worn down.

However, the genus Lagosuchus is regarded by some to be dubious. Paul Sereno and Andrea Arcucci considered L. talampayensis to be undiagnosable in a 1994 study, and reclassified L. lilloensis as a new genus, Marasuchus. In 2019, the holotype skeleton of L. talampayensis was redescribed by Federico Agnolin and Martin Ezcurra who determined it to not only be diagnostic, but indistinguishable from specimens of Marasuchus lilloensis, and so supported the synonymy proposed by Bonaparte. Additionally, the dating of its formation is unclear; recent research has dated the Chañares to the early Carnian stage of the Late Triassic.

The species was first discovered in San Benito County, part of the California Floristic Province, in 1926 by federal scientist Orator Cook and formally described by Cook and Harold F. Loomis in 1928. Cook and Loomis described the species without illustrations, and in 1996 Rowland Shelley of the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences re-examined specimens and redescribed the species. Marek and colleagues produced a more detailed description of the morphology of I. plenipes in 2012 and provided refined illustrations based on scanning electron micrography. The second species, Illacme tobini, was discovered and named in late October 2016 by Marek and colleagues.

The species is named after the Italian entomologist Agostino Bassi, who discovered it in 1815 as the cause of the muscardine disease which then led to carriers transmitting it by airborne means. It was formerly also known as Tritirachium shiotae. The name B. bassiana has long been used to describe a species complex of morphologically similar and closely related isolates. Rehner and Buckley have shown that B. bassiana consists of many distinct lineages that should be recognized as distinct phylogenetic species and the genus Beauveria was redescribed with a proposed type for B. bassiana in 2011.

Mayr named two species Liometopum antiquum and Hypoclinea haueri in an 1867 publication on the ant fossils of Radoboj. The species Hypoclinea haueri was moved in 1893 by Karl Wilhelm von Dalla Torre from Hypoclinea to the combination Iridomyrmex haueri, a placement that was not changed until 2014. The species and many of the type specimens were reexamined and redescribed in 2014 by paleoentomologists Gennady Dlussky and Tatyana Putyatina. When Dlussky, Rasnitsyn, and Perfilieva described the species E. biamoensis, they gave it the name E. dubious, but that name had already been used the year prior for a species from Radoboj.

In general, Sigogneau-Russell's model is supported, but there is little consensus on which genera can be assigned to which subfamilies. In 2015, American palaeontologist Christian F. Kammerer and colleagues redescribed Eriphostoma (which was labelled as an indeterminate theriodont) as a gorgonopsian, and sunk Scylacognathus and the next year Eoarctops into it. The first phylogeny (family tree) of the members of Gorgonopsia was published in 2016 by American palaeontologist Christian F. Kammerer, who specifically investigated Rubidgeinae, and re-described both the subfamily and the 9 species he assigned to it (reducing the number from 36 species). Kammerer also resurrected Dinogorgon, Leontosaurus, Ruhuhucerberus, and Smilesaurus.

He named the species Caranx symmetricus, correctly identifying its relationship to the jacks, but incorporating it into what was later found to be the wrong genus. The fish was redescribed in 1944 under a different name, Decapterus polyaspis, from a specimen caught in Oregon, which under the ICZN rules classifies as a junior synonym, and it is therefore discarded. In 1983, C. symmetricus was transferred to Trachurus symmetricus by William N. Eschmeyer and Earl Herald. The species has twice been treated as a subspecies; once as Trachurus picturatus symmetricus (a subspecies of the blue jack mackerel), and the second more commonly used subspecies of Trachurus symmetricus symmetricus.

This specimen was later named as "Borchgrevinkium sp.". In 2017, the British geologist and paleobiologist James C. Lamsdell and the Irish palaeontologist Derek Briggs found that this specimen was YPM IP 300790, collected in the Bertie Formation in the state of New York in 1967 by Samuel J. Ciurca Jr., who identified it as a new undescribed species of Borchgrevinkium after contacting Størmer. Nevertheless, since this specimen was misidentified, it was redescribed as a new species of the chasmataspidid Diploaspis, D. praecursor, by Lamsdell and Briggs. The history of Borchgrevinkium soon became turbulent, being classified as a xiphosuran in 1989, and back to Eurypterida years later.

They named the species Caranx sexfasciatus which the species is still currently accepted as, with the specific epithet meaning 'six banded' in relation to its juvenile colouration. Following this, the species was independently redescribed and named around fifteen times, and incorrectly broken into two subspecies. In his massive ichthyological volume entitled Histoire Naturelle des Poissons, Georges Cuvier managed to assign no less than four junior synonyms to the species, while the most recent renaming was by Yojiro Wakiya in 1924, who applied the name Caranx oshimai. The two subspecies proposed were Caranx sexfaciatus elacate and Caranx sexfaciatus marginatus, both based on prior descriptions by Jordan and Evermann, and Gill respectively.

The next major publications which mentioned Laosaurus prominently were by Galton. In 1977, he assigned L. consors and L. gracilis to his new taxon Othnielia rex; and in 1983 he redescribed most of the material and reassigned some of it, as described above. Galton (1983) is also one of the sources for the "Troodon as carnivorous ornithopod" hypothesis of the early 1980s, because it assigns L. minimus to Troodon, based on unpublished evidence. This would tie in with the Orodromeus/Troodon egg confusion of a few years later, which was eventually settled as Troodon individuals eating Orodromeus individuals at their nesting site (the troodontid embryoes were confused with hypsilophodont embryoes).

The next moment (although this is not immediately evident from his published work) he can be talking about providence and pilgrimage. It is hard now to gauge exactly what shape the final project would have taken in which all this rich material would have been combined, but it is clear that Frei wished to pursue theological reflection through the medium of detailed historical work, and wished to hone a full-blown Christology of his own – a Christology which would have had a significant political dimension – by paying detailed attention to the ways in which Jesus had been described and redescribed in Western Protestant culture since the Enlightenment.

Thecodontosaurus was redescribed by a team of paleontologists led by Michael Benton in 2000, which placed Owen's mis- classified material under the genus Thecodontosaurus rather than Palaeosaurus, and this is still followed today. Most of the skeletal bones ever assigned to Palaeosaurus cylindrodon and P. platyodon were also reassigned to Thecodontosaurus. The genera Rileya and Palaeosauriscus, as well as the species Palaeosaurus cylindrodon and Palaeosaurus platyodon, were all declared nomina dubia. In 2007, Peter Galton, reviewing the archosaurian fossils of the 1834 Bristol finds, reaffirmed the identification of the two teeth and humeri of Palaeosaurus platyodon (Rileya) as belonging to a phytosaur, and regarded P. cylindrodon (Palaeosauriscus) as an indeterminate archosaur.

For several decades, most scientists considered Efraasia a junior synonym of Sellosaurus; however, in 2003 Adam Yates, another British palaeontologist, redescribed the bones assigned to Sellosaurus. He resurrected the genus Efraasia for some of these bones, to which he also assigned the bones that had been first described as Teratosaurus minor as well (although leaving out the teeth, which were recognized as non-dinosaurian). Like Galton in 1973, Yates's Efraasia also included the remains previously known as Palaeosaurus diagnosticus, although unlike Galton, Yates calls the species Efraasia minor, synonymizing both species. E. minor had priority because von Huene described Teratosaurus minor several pages before Palaeosaurus diagnosticus in his 1908 publication.

Species of Psephaspis, which are restricted to Idaho and Utah, have broad, flat, rounded and heart-shaped dorsal shields, and ornamentation similar to those of psammosteids. Because of these two traits, species of this genus were originally described as being North American psammosteids closely related to Drepanaspis by Orvig. Denison then redescribed them as being pteraspidids closely related to Protaspis, noting that the overall anatomy is that of a typical pteraspidid. Denison also notes that Psephaspis is the youngest genus of pteraspidid, as specimens of P. idahoensis are found in Middle Devonian-aged strata of Lemhi County, Idaho, which are younger than the latest strata other pteraspidids are found in.

The species was first described by Italian mycologist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli as Agaricus rotula in 1772. In 1821 Elias Magnus Fries redescribed the mushroom in Systema Mycologicum, and later transferred it to Marasmius in his 1838 Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici. Synonyms include names derived from generic transfers to Androsaceus by Narcisse Théophile Patouillard in 1887, and to Chamaeceras by Otto Kuntze in 1898; both of these genera are now obsolete and have since been sunk back into Marasmius. In his 1821 A Natural Arrangement of British Plants, Samuel Frederick Gray introduced the generic name Micromphale, including the species Micromphale collariatum, which was based on William Withering's 1796 Merulius collariatus.

Paratachardina pseudolobata, the lobate lac scale, is a polyphagous and pestiferous lac scale insect, which damages trees and woody shrubs in Cuba, Florida, the Bahamas and the Australian territory of Christmas Island. It was mistakenly identified as Paratachardina lobata (Chamberlin), an insect native to India and Sri Lanka, but was in 2007 recognized and named as a distinct species based on material from Florida; its native distribution is as yet unknown. The new lac insect was described based on all stages of the female (adult, second-instar nymph and first-instar nymph), during the revision of the genus Paratachardina, wherein all its known species were redescribed.

The species name yueya comes from the Chinese characters 月 (yuè, meaning "Moon") and 牙 (yá, meaning "crescent"), referring to the crescentic shape of its carapace (the dorsal plate of the prosoma or head). Houia yueya was originally described as a species of the horseshoe crab genus Kasibelinurus (Kasibelinurus yueya) in 2013, with its narrow opisthosoma (the trunk section) being misinterpreted as incompletely preserved (lacking lateral regions). It was redescribed and replaced under its own genus Houia in 2015, being reinterpreted as a basal dekatriatan possesses both horseshoe crab and eurypterid-like features (e.g crescentic carapace for the former, and metastoma for the latter).

The species was subsequently redescribed and named many times, with most authors placing these "species" in other jack genera including Caranx, Decapterus and Selar. In 1906, Jordan and Seale produced one such name in the form of Decapterus lundini. Jordan later re- examined this taxon and decided it warranted its own, separate genus and thus created Atule, making Decapterus lundini the type species of the genus. With the taxonomic history of the species confused with numerous synonyms, it was not until 1953 that Herre concluded that D. lundini was a junior synonym of Cuvier's C. mate, thus giving the latter priority and creating the currently accepted name of Atule mate.

In 2019, Alifanov and Saveliev redescribed the braincase noting that Bissektipelta had a well-developed olfaction, poor hearing and eyesight, good taste sensitivity, omnivorous diet and the unusual ability for filter-feeding. Also, the brain structure of Bissektipelta is rather primitive compared with other ankylosaur species. In 2020, Ivan Kuzmin and colleagues described and examined the braincase specimens of Bissektipelta in extensive detail. They performed a 3D reconstruction of the endocast of the brain cavity using CT scans and they revealed that a considerable part of the brain of Bissektipelta was occupied by olfactory bulbs, confirming that Bissektipelta had an extremely developed sense of smell.

Extinct free- floating aquatic plants and pollen with affinities to the Lemnoideae first appear in the fossil record during the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) as evidenced by floating leaves described as Aquaephyllum auriculatum from Patagonia, Argentina, and the lemnoid pollen genus Pandaniidites.Gallego, J., Gandolfo, M.A., Cúneo, N.R. and Zamaloa, M.C. 2014. Fossil Araceae from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina, with implications on the origin of free-floating aquatic aroids. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology Fossils of floating leaves with rootlets from the Paleocene of southern Saskatchewan, Canada, that were originally described as Lemna (Spirodela) scutata by John William Dawson in 1885, have been redescribed as Limnobiophyllum.

Rhenonema eifeliense ("Rheinland thread of Eifel") is a large, extinct, high- crested holonematid arthrodire placoderm from Givetian-aged strata of Middle Devonian Gerolstein, Germany. It is known from some fragments of armor, including an anterior-lateral plate estimated to be around long, and a portion of a median dorsal plate with a very tall crest running along the median line of the dorsal surface. The ornamentation is very similar to that of Holonema, but the concentrically arranged ridges are much coarser in Rhenonema. The holotype was originally described by Kayser, in 1880, as a species of Dinichthys, but was then redescribed in 1964 by Obruchev as a holonematid.

This salient feature of the tooth, which specimen is now lost, almost certainly precludes it from being centrosaurine: it probably indeed is hadrosaurian and was by mistake associated with the rest of the type material. M. recurvicornis holotype After Othniel Charles Marsh's description of Triceratops in 1889, Cope reexamined his Monoclonius specimen and realized that Triceratops, Monoclonius, and Agathaumas represented a group of similar dinosaurs. In the same year he redescribed Monoclonius as having a large nasal horn and two smaller horns over the eyes and a large frill, of which the parietal bone had been found with broad openings. In the same paper in which Cope examined M. crassus, he also named three more Monoclonius species.

Cuvier noted that Jean Baptiste Leschenault, who collected the species, expressed doubt over the validity of the new species despite local fishermen identifying it as separate to other trevallies. The species was independently redescribed three times; the first was by Pieter Bleeker in 1851 as Caranx cynodon, the second time by Henry Weed Fowler in 1904 as Caranx semisomnus, and lastly as Caranx auriga by Alvin Seale in 1910. The latter name caused a specific homonym with Caranx auriga, a name proposed for a different species by Charles Walter De Vis in 1884. To rectify this, William Ogilby proposed the name Citula virga as a replacement, while Roxas and Martin proposed Caranx manilensis.

Other clades within the group include the Tylopilus, porcini (= Boletus sensu stricto) and Strobilomyces clades, as well as two other groups composed of members of various genera including Xerocomus (the taxa designated as Xerocomus species in this clade are not Xerocomus species and require new taxonomic designations) and Xerocomellus. Both the common and scientific names refer to the bay cap colour. The species Boletus limatulus, originally published by Charles Christopher Frost in 1874, was later redescribed, "with a slight tinge of irritation at the time, energy and gasoline spent", as a variety of I. badia by Wally Snell in 1945 (as Xerocomus badius var. limatulus). The taxon name comes from the Latin limatulus, "rather polished" or "refined".

During the last years a series of studies have redescribed key acochlidian taxa in great detail, including 3D reconstructions, and added considerably to the morphological and biological knowledge of this previously little understood group. Most recent morphological analyses suggested a common origin with either the equally enigmatic Rhodopemorpha, the diaphanid cephalaspidean Toledonia, or with runcinid or philinoid cephalaspideans. Molecular markers independent from direct ecological pressures suggested an unresolved basal opisthobranch origin for Acochlidia (based on nuclear 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) (Vonnemann et al. 2005). A first combined multi-gene dataset led to the surprising result of Acochlidia clustering in a pulmonate relationship, united in a clade with Pyramidelloidea, Amphiboloidea and Eupulmonata.

The insect fossils were first studied by Oswald Heer, then a professor with the University of Zürich, who placed the fossils in a new genus Attopsis. The genus was based on the perceived structuring of the petiole as having two segments and the wing venation having an open mcu cell. Along with A. longipennis, Heer described three other species, A. anthracina, A. longipes, and A. nigra. The genus and many of the type specimens were reexamined and redescribed in 2014 by paleoentomologists Gennady Dlussky and Tatyana Putyatina, who determined that only the type specimen for A. longipennis matched a revised description of the genus, while all other fossils from the four species were redescibed as members of different genera.

An. sinensis is classified as a species complex, and is a member of An. hyrcanus group. The group is distinguished from other groups by the presence of pale bands (usually four) on the palpi and by the presence of a tuft of dark scales on the clypeus on each side in the female adult. It was first described by German naturalist Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann in 1828, and became one of the earliest known species of Anopheles. Due to its similarity with other mosquitos and geographical diversity, the species was redescribed several times by different taxonomists, with names like An. yesoensis (1913), An. sineroides (1924), An. lesetri (1936), An. pullus (1937), and An. yatsushiroensis (1951).

Some elements in the collection belonged to an infant specimen (MNA P1.3181), the youngest known example of this genus, and one of the earliest known infant theropods from North America, only preceded by some Coelophysis specimens. The juvenile specimen includes a partial humerus, a partial fibula, and a tooth fragment. In 2005, paleontologist Ronald S. Tykoski assigned a specimen (TMM 43646-140) from Gold Spring, Arizona, to Dilophosaurus, but in 2012, American paleontologist Matthew T. Carrano and colleagues found it to differ in some details. In 2020, the paleontologists Adam D. Marsh and Timothy B. Rowe comprehensively redescribed Dilophosaurus based on the by then known specimens, including specimen UCMP 77270 which had remained undescribed since 1964.

Oscarella lobularis has been used as a model organism for the study of evolutionary biology and developmental biology, being particularly suitable because of its easy availability, its simple histology and cell composition, its robust epithelial structures and because it lacks a skeleton. Researchers have studied the different colour morphs of this sponge which sometimes grow alongside each other. There appears to be a cryptic complex and two species that had been synonymised in 1877 have been redescribed as O. lobularis (violet in colour) and O. tuberculata; these species can be distinguished from each other cytologically, and by the former having a soft consistency and the latter a cartilaginous consistency. Several other new species have been described, mostly from caves.

Austrian paleontologist Othenio Abel placed C. koeneni as a temnospondyl amphibian closely related to the sail-backed Platyhystrix (which, like Dimetrodon, was from the Early Permian). The name Ctenosaurus was preoccupied by a species of iguanid lizard (now called Ctenosaura), so a new generic name, Ctenosauriscus, was erected by paleontologist Oskar Kuhn in 1964. Paleontologist B. Krebs redescribed the holotype and reclassified Ctenosauriscus as an archosaur based on similarities with the sail-backed pseudosuchian Hypselorhachis from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of Tanzania. Fragmentary material which has been referred to this genus Ctenosauriscus was found in the Solling Formation, which was deposited about 247.5 to 247.2 million years ago in the latest Olenekian stage.

Lamsdell already commented the possibility that D. menneri could represent a chasmataspidid in 2011. This was demonstrated in 2014, when it was redescribed as a new genus of chasmataspidid and removed from Eurypterida, noting its distinction with other diploaspidids and suggesting a relationship with Loganamaraspis. In 2019, during the description of the new Ordovician chasmataspidid Hoplitaspis hiawathai, it was suggested that Dvulikiaspis, Hoplitaspis and Loganamaraspis could represent a new family separated from Diploaspididae. These genera share the proportionality of the body (the postabdomen comprises the majority of the body length), a poorly differentiated buckler and a paddle projecting in front of the midpoint of the prosoma, although this is not certain in Loganamaraspis.

They referred the species to the genus Caranx, where it has remained. The species was independently redescribed twice; the first by Samuel Garman, who applied the name Caranx regularis and then by J.L.B. Smith with the name Caranx celetus. The species was apparently widely confused with the now dubious Caranx sansun, a move which resulted in Smith trying to resolve the taxon by renaming the species that had been identified as C. sansun, which led to several now defunct junior synonyms. The species is commonly referred to as the brassy trevally, tea-leaf trevally, or greenback trevally in reference to its colouration, while Papuan trevally is used in reference to the specific epithet.

The first report of Neohelice was probably that made by Alcide d’Orbigny during an expedition to South America between 1826 and 1834. He included details of the crab's ecology, including their burrows, but did not name the species. The first person to describe the species taxonomically was James Dwight Dana, who named it Chasmagnathus granulatus in his 1851 work reporting the results of the United States Exploring Expedition (also known as the "Wilkes expedition"). In 1918, Mary J. Rathbun redescribed the species under the modified name "Chasmagnathus granulata", which remained in occasional use along Dana's name until 2006, when Katushi Sakai, Michael Türkay and Si-Liang Yang revised the genera Helice and Chasmagnathus.

In spite of its familiarity, it is known from far fewer remains than its closest relatives. In 2017 the Canadian paleontologists Victoria M. Arbour and Jordan Mallon redescribed the genus in light of newer ankylosaur discoveries, including elements of the holotype that had not been previously mentioned in the literature (such as parts of the skull and the cervical half-rings). They concluded that though Ankylosaurus is iconic and the best-known member of its group, it was bizarre in comparison to related ankylosaurs, and therefore not representative of the group. Many traditional popular depictions show Ankylosaurus in a squatting posture and with a huge tail club being dragged over the ground.

The son of a mining engineer, Hugh Fletcher devoted his career as a geologist to surveying Nova Scotia on behalf of the Geological Survey of Canada. Fletcher's work began in 1875 and ended abruptly in 1909 when, on a mission to conduct a full survey of Nova Scotia, Fletcher fell ill with pneumonia studying the Joggins Formation and died. Reginald Walter Brock, a colleague of Fletcher and also of John W. Dawson, eulogized Fletcher by saying "he died, as he would have chosen, in harness, and amid the hills of his well-loved Nova Scotia". Based on bivalve fossils recovered from the Joggins Formation, Joseph Frederick Whiteaves described Asthenodonta in 1893, but the genus was redescribed later that year by Thomas Chesmer Weston, who renamed it Archanodon.

Charles Walcott, who discovered the Burgess Shale on 30 August 1909, hypothesised that the organic material was preserved by silicification. When the shale was redescribed in the 1970s, it was possible to take a more experimental approach to determining the nature of the fossils, which turned out to be mainly composed of carbon or clay minerals. In many cases, both were present, suggesting that the original carbon was preserved, and the process of its preservation caused clay minerals to form in a predictable fashion. When carbon is preserved it usually forms films of the highly cross-linked and essentially inert compound kerogen, with kerogen formation from organic precursors likely to happen as the host rock is exposed to high pressures.

A previous route numbered Spur 247 was designated in San Antonio, Bexar County on November 19, 1951 from then-US 81 via South Alamo Street, Probandt Street, and Steves Avenue to then-US 181 on South Presa Street. This route was cancelled on March 18, 1960 as a majority of it was concurrent with US 87 and other routes. Later that year, the current Spur 247 was designated on July 25, 1960 over the former route of SH 115 through Pyote, which was rerouted to the east to eventually connect with the newly constructed I-20. The original southern terminus of Spur 247 was intended to be I-20; however, the terminus would later be redescribed as US 80 (now Spur 57).

By the 1950s, Forbes's type material was considered lost, so Oliver in 1955 declared C. sumnerensis a nomen nudum, and redescribed the species, using fossil bones from the Chatham Islands, as Cygnus chathamensis. A few years later, Forbes's specimens were rediscovered, and C. chathamensis became a junior synonym of C. sumnerensis. In 1998, Worthy compared a large collection of C. sumnerensis from Marfells Beach near Lake Grassmere with Australian swan bones, but could not find any marked differences in size or proportion. The species was thenceforth considered to be a population of the black swan that had colonised New Zealand in prehistoric times and been exterminated by early Māori settlers, and all New Zealand subfossil swan bones were assigned to C. atratus.

By comparison, the blue whale reaches in length. rebbachisaurid When Carpenter redescribed the taxon as a rebbachisaurid instead of a diplodocid in 2018, he made new, much different size estimates. As his classification scheme put it much farther away from Diplodocus taxonomically, he decided to use Limaysaurus as a model instead; among rebbachisaurids, it was chosen for its completeness because fossils of most other species are very fragmentary. Scaling up Limaysaurus directly, he estimated the length of Maraapunisaurus to be ; additionally, he found it to be tall at the hip. However, he noted that a study from a 2006 book calculated that the neck length of a sauropod scales with the length of the torso by a power of 1.35.

The species was subsequently redescribed under the name of Sillago gracilis by Alleyne and Macleay in 1877, which is a junior synonym and has been discarded under the ICZN rules. Roland McKay, whilst working on a revision of the sillaginids, found there to be three closely related species of 'trumpeter whiting'; the western trumpeter whiting, the oriental trumpeter whiting and the trumpeter whiting which he interpreted to be subspecies. He therefore assigned the trumpeter whiting the name Sillago maculata maculata to clarify its subspecies status, doing similar for the other two species. However, soon after publishing, more specimens came to light which validated giving the three subspecies full species status, and the trumpeter whiting once again returned to the binomial Sillago maculata.

He named the species Scomber djedaba, placing it in the mackerel genus, a common practice with carangids at the time, as the family Carangidae was yet to be erected. A number of taxonomists have since tried to reclassify the species in a more parsimonious genus, with a number of carangid genera proposed including Selar, Caranx and Atule. To add to the confusion over the species, the species was redescribed twice after the first naming, once by Cuvier who named it Caranx kalla, and once by Fowler who proposed Caranx microbrachium for the species. Caranx kalla was subsequently placed in the genus Atule, but is now considered, along with Caranx microbrachium to be a junior synonym, unacceptable under the ICZN rules and has been discarded.

It gained its current name in 1809 when it was redescribed as the anemone-leaved isopogon (Isopogon anemonefolius) in the controversial work On the cultivation of the plants belonging to the natural order of Proteeae, published under Knight's name but written by Salisbury. Scottish naturalist Robert Brown had written of the genus Isopogon but Salisbury and Knight had hurried out their work before Brown's. Brown's description appeared in his paper On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae, subsequently published as "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu" in the Transactions of the Linnean Society in 1810. In 1891, German botanist Otto Kuntze published Revisio generum plantarum, his response to what he perceived as a lack of method in existing nomenclatural practice.

In 1845, Swiss zoologist Johann Jakob von Tschudi described the new species Trachylepis (Xystrolepis) punctata among other species he had collected in Peru. The species was recorded as being from the "forest region" (Amazonia) of Peru and was known from a single specimen, the holotype. In 1887, G.A. Boulenger placed it at an uncertain position within the genus Mabuia, which included Tschudi's Trachylepis.Boulenger, 1887, p. 150 In a 1907 reappraisal of some of Tschudi's reptiles and amphibians, J. Roux redescribed punctata under the name "Mabuia punctata", but did not comment on its affinities.Roux, 1907, pp. 300-302 In 1935, E.R. Dunn reviewed some American Mabuya and commented that he was unable to tell the identity of punctata, but that it probably was not a true Mabuya.Dunn, 1935, p.

Roland W. Brown corrected the type locality to the older Republic area strata in a 1937 paper,Brown R. W., "Additions to some fossil floras of the Western United States", 1937. but occasional confusion as to the species' age still occurred: notably Daniel I. Axelrod in this 1966 paper on the Copper Basin flora of Nevada misidentified the age of S. hesperia as Oligocene. Working from specimens collected in the Republic, Washington area in the early 1980s, the species was redescribed in 1987 by Jack A. Wolfe and Wesley C. Wehr. Wolfe and Wehr noted S. hesperia to be one of the most common dicots in the Klondike Mountain Formation, that it occurs in the related Princeton and Joseph Creek floras, and in the Thunder Mountain flora of Idaho, of similar age.

Sonnerat described the shrew as being five and a half inches [149 mm] from the head to the base of the tail and the tail being one inch and one line or 29 mm. Since no specimen of the species exists, both its taxonomic description and its generic placement remain in question. Sonnerat's illustration of the holotype The supposed shrew species was given a scientific name by Anthony Cheke which was first published in 2012 but the description was not considered valid by some as the holotype was not explicitly designated (in this case the illustration, as there was no specimen) and it was therefore redescribed in 2018. The species was placed tentatively in the genus Diplomesodon which is nested within Crocidura according to a molecular phylogenetic study.

"Z." arenaceus was suggested to represent the oldest reliably dated phytosaur, and was reassigned to various phytosaur species over the years, including Belodon, Mystriosuchus and Phytosaurus. Although Hungerbühler (2001) redescribed "Z." arenaceus as not belonging to Phytosauria and referred it to Archosauria Incertae sedis, Dzik & Sulej (2007) noted that its holotype "does not differ significantly from corresponding parts of the juvenile Krasiejów Paleorhinus, which is clearly a phytosaur". Furthermore, as the Feuerbacher Heide Schilfsandstein, from which "Z." arenaceus was collected, and Krasiejów share species of Metoposaurus, it might be possible that they also share the same species of phytosaur. Even though they agreed that due to the very fragmentary nature of "Z." arenaceus holotype the Krasiejów Paleorhinus can't be referred to it, they tentatively used the name Paleorhinus cf.

The referred specimen was redescribed by him, creating a new genus and species: Graciliceratops mongoliensis. The holotype is fragmentary, consisting of a very fragmented skull with mandibles; vertebrae, 4 cervicals, 12 dorsals and 7 sacrals; right scapula; proximal end of left scapula; left coracoid; right humerus, radius and fragmentary ulna; proximal and distal end of left humerus; proximal fragments of both pubis; fragments of both illium and fragment of right ischium; right femur, tibia and nearly complete pes; distal part of left tibia, fragmentary left pes; tarsals and isolated ribs. The generic name, Graciliceratops, is derived from the Latin gracilis (meaning slender) and the Greek κέρατο (kérato, meaning horn) in reference to its fragile build. Lastly, the specific name, mongolienses, is to emphasize the place of its discovery: Mongolia.

From this perspective, these kinds of powerful, civic movements are not deviations or anomalies to be corrected or appeased through discipline or cooptation, but exemplars of civic freedom."They are classified [by the dominant discourses and institutions] as acts of civil disobedience or rebellion. If these illegal struggles are successful and the extensions institutionalised, then the extensions are redescribed retrospectively as stages in the development of modern citizenship and incorporated within its framework, as in the cases of working-class struggles giving rise to social and economic rights, women gaining recognition as citizens, civil rights movements and recognition of cultural minorities. Thus, what are seen as activities of citizenship by the civic tradition – struggles for new forms of recognition and extensions of citizenship – fall outside of modern [conventional] citizenship with its institutional/status orientation," Tully, Public Philosophy II, p.

In 2011, Hooley's specimen was redescribed as a distinct genus and species of goniopholidid called Anteophthalmosuchus hooleyi. The genus name means "forward-pointing eye crocodile" because the specimen's eye sockets are positioned high on the skull and angle forward rather than to the side as in most other flat-skulled crocodyliforms, and the species name honors Hooley. Features that distinguish A. hooleyi from Goniopholis crassidens include the lack of a hole in the lower jaw called the mandibular fenestra, very wide supratemporal fenestrae (openings) on the skull table, and a bone above the eye socket called the palpebral that is small and does not extend over the socket as in some other goniopholidids. A. epikrator skull Two specimens from Bernissart, Belgium, collectively referred to as "Dollo's goniopholidid", was referred to A. hooleyi in a 2016 redescription.

This individual would have measured approximately 29 cm (11 in) in length in life. Kjellesvig-Waering noted that the species did not resemble any of the other North American species of Pterygotus that had been described but that it did share some similarities with the British P. anglicus, from which it could still be differentiated by the different shape of the carapace, differences in the sixth appendage and P. ventricosus exhibiting a greater gibbosity. In 2007, O. Erik Tetlie and Derek E. G. Briggs redescribed the species based on four new specimens recovered from Kokomo. The new material allowed them to determine that P. ventricosus represented the most basal pterygotid eurypterid and the study helped provide evidence for the precise phylogenetic position of the family, showing that the Slimonidae (and not the Hughmilleriidae) was the most closely related group to the Pterygotidae.

A brief Latin diagnosis, a fuller detailed description in German, the sex of the specimen, locality details, a reference to the collection in which the specimen was to be found and, sometimes, the name of the collector. In Brunswick, then an important centre for entomology Wiedemann worked with Johann Christian Ludwig Hellwig and Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger setting new standards for descriptions (uniform terminology for structures and colour) and for nomenclature, especially in regard to the avoidance of synonyms by proper research of pre-existing literature. He was critical of Fabricius in this respect, although honouring him as a great entomologist In Aussereuropäische Zweiflügelige Insekten he described 1000 new and redescribed 500 old (mainly Fabrician) species. This work, supplemental to Meigen followed Meigen in introducing many new genera. He could have gone further than he did with “exotic” genera.

In 1887, English mycologists Miles Joseph Berkeley and Christopher Edmund Broome described a species of fungus they named Tympanis toomansis, collected from dead infructescences ("cones") of Banksia growing on the banks of the Tooma River in southern New South Wales, Australia. Its generic placement was a result of its resemblance to Tympanis, a genus in the family Helotiaceae of the Ascomycota. Banksia marginata, the shrub species from which the first Banksiamyces specimens were collected Additional collections, then still believed to be T. toomansis, were made from South Australia in 1952, again on dead cones of unspecified Banksia, and also in 1956 on dead cones of Banksia marginata. In 1957 and 1958, R. W. G. Dennis redescribed the species, and after consultation with Canadian mycologist James Walton Groves, who had earlier completed a monograph on the genus Tympanis, transferred the taxon to the genus Encoelia (family Sclerotiniaceae).

He assigned these specimens to a new species called Pterodactylus compressirostris.Owen, R. (1851). Monograph on the fossil Reptilia of the Cretaceous Formations. The Palaeontographical Society 5(11):1-118. In 1914 however, paleontologist Reginald Hooley redescribed P. compressirostris, to which he erected the genus Lonchodectes (meaning "lance biter"), and therefore made P. compressirostris the type species, and created the new combination L. compressirostris. In a 2013 review, P. giganteus and P. cuvieri were reassigned to new genera; P. giganteus was reassigned to a genus called Lonchodraco (meaning "lance dragon"), which resulted in a new combination called L. giganteus, and P. cuvieri was reassigned to the new genus Cimoliopterus (meaning "chalk wing"), creating C. cuvieri. Back in 1859, Owen had found remains the front part of a snout in the Cambridge Greensand, and assigned it into the species Pterodactylus segwickii; in honor of Adam Sedgwick, a British geologist.Owen, R. (1859).

The earliest report of this genus appears to have been that of Carlos Chagas in 1909, who discovered it in experimental animals, but confused it with part of the lifecycle of Trypanosoma cruzi (causal agent of Chagas disease) and later called both organisms Schizotrypanum cruzi, a form of trypanosome infecting humans. The rediscovery of Pneumocystis cysts was reported by Antonio Carini in 1910, also in Brazil. The genus was again discovered in 1912 by Delanoë and Delanoë, this time at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, who found it in rats and proposed the genus and species name Pneumocystis carinii after Carini. Pneumocystis was redescribed as a human pathogen in 1942 by two Dutch investigators, van der Meer and Brug, who found it in three new cases: a 3-month-old infant with congenital heart disease and in two of 104 autopsy cases - a 4-month-old infant and a 21-year-old adult.

Title page of ALfred Kahl's 4-volume compendium on ciliates, Wimpertiere oder Ciliata, 1930-35 Alfred Detlef Fritz Kahl (18 February 1877 – November, 1946) was a German schoolteacher who took up microscopy in mid-life and became a leading authority on ciliated protozoa. In a burst of scientific productivity that lasted just nine years, he published 1800 pages of scholarly work, in which he described 17 new ciliate families, 57 genera, and about 700 previously unknown species. During his brief career as a protozoologist, he redescribed and illustrated nearly all the species of ciliates known in his time, and fit them into a taxonomic scheme that remains influential today.Foissner, Wilhelm. Life and Legacy of an Outstanding Ciliate Taxonomist, Alfred Kahl (1877-1946), Including a Facsimile of his Forgotten Monograph from 1943. Acta Protozoologica 2004 (Suppl.) 43: 1-69Corliss, John O. A Salute to Fifty-Four Great Microscopists of the Past: A Pictorial Footnote to the History of Protozoology.

The American paleontologist Kenneth Carpenter accepted the teeth as belonging to A. magniventris in 2004, and that all the specimens belonged to the same species, noting that the teeth of other ankylosaurs are highly variable. Replica of the 1964 World's Fair Ankylosaurus (note spikes and dragging tail), Royal Alberta Museum Most of the known Ankylosaurus specimens were not scientifically described at length, though several paleontologists planned to do so until Carpenter redescribed the genus in 2004. Carpenter noted that Ankylosaurus has become the archetypal member of its group, and the best-known ankylosaur in popular culture, perhaps due to a life-sized reconstruction of the animal being featured at the 1964 World's Fair in New York City. That sculpture, as well as the American artist Rudolph Zallinger's 1947 mural The Age of Reptiles and other later popular depictions, showed Ankylosaurus with a tail club, following the first discovery of this feature in 1910.

Elopteryx nopcsai on 2005 Romanian stamp In 1975, the distal tibiotarsi BMNH A1588 and BMNH A1528, together with BMNH A4359, were by Colin James Oliver Harrison and Cyril Alexander Walker removed from Elopteryx, redescribed as Bradycneme draculae and Heptasteornis andrewsi respectively, and used to establish a supposed family of gigantic two metre tall owls, the Bradycnemidae. In 1978 Brodkorb had changed his opinion after the supposed Elopteryx material was divided among three species in total, and was actually the first scholar in modern times to suggest that these Mesozoic bones were not of birds but of non-avian dinosaurs.Brodkorb (1978): pp.223-224 In 1981, Dan Grigorescu and Eugen Kessler stated that Elopteryx was a non-avian coelurosaurian dinosaur. They also referred a supposed distal femur (FGGUB R.351) to Elopteryx,Grigorescu, D. & Kessler, E., 1981, "A new specimen of Elopteryx nopcsai from the dinosaurian beds of Hateg Basin", Révue Roumaine de Géologie, Géophysique et Géographie, Géologie, 24: 171-175 but this was eventually identified as a hadrosauroid distal metatarsal.

' The analysis left out many fragmentary species of Adelophthalmus, as their character states could not be confidently taken into account, and Adelophthalmus in terms of all the species it is recognized as containing can thus not be fully confidently stated to be monophyletic, more fragmentary species need to be redescribed and more phylogenetic characters need to be confidently established before the status of the genus can be certain.' Adelophthalmus as it is currently understood may form a monophyletic, and thus phylogenetically valid, group, but that it likely suffers from an under-splitting at the genus level and over-splitting at the species level. It is possible that the large amount of species form two or more distinct clades that could be split into different genera. Though most of the species included in the genus appear to form a monophyletic group, some species have been suggested to represent species of other recognized genera, with A. dumonti supposedly being similar to the obscure Unionopterus in its supposed trapezoid carapace (a feature now known to be incorrect and based on an incorrect illustration) and the large A. perornatus showing ornamentation similar to the one seen in the Hibbertopteridae.