Or is this a reference to "quires," a Tudor word for the pages of books?
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The single copies were typically acquired in quires (sheets) and bound by their owners (invariably male) defining them as personal property, something certified by a pompous "ex libris" bookplate.
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These outside quires were known as "cassie quires" (from Fr. cassée, "broken"), or "cording quires" and had only 20 sheets to the quire. The printer William Caslon in a book published in 1770 mentions both 24- and 25-sheet quires; he also details printer's wastage, and the sorting and recycling of damaged cassie quires. An 1826 French manual on typography complained that cording quires (usually containing some salvageable paper) from the Netherlands barely contained a single good sheet.A note on the flyleaf of this copy states that this edition was pirated from Didot's 1st ed.
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The Dering Manuscript is a small folio (11.75 in x 7.75 in) of 55 extant leaves, composed of two large quires with six cancel leaves interposed in between. The six cancels come from different stock paper than the main quires. They are wider, cut more irregularly and slightly shorter at the spine than the main quires. Such differences suggest that these six leaves were inserted after the completion of the two main quires.
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The collation of the original quires is difficult to determine due to the loss of some leaves. In the course of combining bifolios into quires, the medieval bookmakers needed a system by which they could keep the various quires in their proper order. Catchwords eventually became the standard tool for this purpose. The Morgan Beatus, however, does not utilize this technique.
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77 published works including 17 monographs #Monograph Material Stimulation of scientific-technical progress in Production, Yerevan, pub. House, Academy of Science ASR, 1989 (in Russian), 10.7 quires, Printed. #Monograph Payments Arrears in the Gas and Electric Power Sectors of the Russian Federation and Ukraine, IMF, 1997, Washington (in English), 1.5 quires, Printed. #Monograph State and Society, Moscow, Izograf 2000 (in Russian), 23 quires, Printed.
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MS 75.I, containing the Equatorie, and MS 75.II, containing works by Nicholas Trivet and Vegetius.Schmidt 103. MS 75.I has two parts: fol. 1r-71r contains the tables, and 71v-78v the text. The vellum is of varying quality, with ten quires of pages measuring 365x260mm (except for the last quires).
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A quire of paper is a measure of paper quantity. The usual meaning is 25 sheets of the same size and quality: of a ream of 500 sheets. Quires of 25 sheets are often used for machine-made paper, while quires of 24 sheets are often used for handmade or specialised paper of 480-sheet reams. (As an old UK and US measure, in some sources, a quire was originally 24 sheets.) Quires of 15, 18 or 20 sheets have also been used, depending on the type of paper.
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The Lincoln Thornton Manuscript (sometimes simply referred to as "the" Thornton manuscript) consists of seventeen quires of varying numbers of sheets. The manuscript is catalogued as Lincoln, Cathedral Library MS 91 (formerly A.5.2Brewer and Owen vii.), and is held in the Lincoln Cathedral Library. It was written between 1430 and 1440 in a northern dialect. Most likely, Thornton prepared a number of quires and copied texts on them as they became available, and may have collected both his manuscripts out of the same collection of individual quires.
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The ink is brown; there are signs of dampness on the upper edge, especially in the first quire, with some blurring in the fourth quire on the top of the pages. According to Schmidt, the dampness and the wear and tear on some of the quires is evidence that the quires spent some time unbound.Schmidt 103–105. The manuscript is written by two hands, both writing in court hand.
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The vellum codex has 211 folios that measure 300 by 215 mm. The text is written is a space measuring 232 by l55 mm. The folios are gathered into quires, most of which have eight leaves each; the first and the next to last quires have only six leaves; and the eleventh quire has seven leaves excised. The majority of the folios were ruled using a hard point.
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The church features a Gothic hall with a triple nave and quires at both the west and east ends. A large octagonal bell tower rises above the western choir.
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2 leaves, 4 sides) is a "bifolium" (plural "bifolia"); a "binion" is a quire of two sheets (i.e. 4 leaves, 8 sides); and a "quinion" is five sheets (10 leaves, 20 sides). This last meaning is preserved in the modern Italian term for quire, quinterno di carta. Formerly, when paper was packed at the paper mill, the top and bottom quires were made up of slightly damaged sheets ("outsides") to protect the good quires ("insides").
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From the various numbering gaps in the quires and pages, it seems likely that in the past the manuscript had at least 272 pages in 20 quires, some of which were already missing when Wilfrid Voynich acquired the manuscript in 1912. There is strong evidence that many of the book's bifolios were reordered at various points in its history, and that the original page order may well have been quite different from what it is today.
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The codicology, or physical characteristics of the manuscript, has been studied by researchers. The manuscript measures , with hundreds of vellum pages collected into 18 quires. The total number of pages is around 240, but the exact number depends on how the manuscript's unusual foldouts are counted. The quires have been numbered from 1 to 20 in various locations, using numerals consistent with the 1400s, and the top righthand corner of each recto (righthand) page has been numbered from 1 to 116, using numerals of a later date.
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Manuscript, Codex Manesse. Most manuscripts were ruled with horizontal lines that served as the baselines on which the text was entered. Firstly, the membrane must be prepared. The first step is to set up the quires.
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A larger population re-quires a greater food supply, so that, barring imports, cultivation must be extended to inferior lands (lower rent). As this occurs, rents increase and profits fall, until ultimately the stationary state is reached.
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A paper bale is a quantity of sheets of paper, currently standardized as 5,000 sheets. A bale consists of 5 bundles, 10 reams or 200 quires. As an old UK and US measure, it was previously equal to 4800 sheets.
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Harley MS 2253 contains 141 leaves of parchment or folios measuring 11 1/2 by 6 1/2 inches. It can be divided into two parts based on content: the first 48 leaves, booklets one (quires 1-2, folios 1-22) and two (quires 3-4, folios 23-48), contain religious poetry in the late-thirteenth century hand known as scribe A, whilst the remaining five booklets are written in the early-fourteenth century hand of the Ludlow scribe; apart from some pigment recipes at the beginning of booklet three (quires 5, folios 49-52) penned by scribe C. Containing miscellaneous material, secular as well as religious, in prose and verse, this division is not, however, reflected in the quire division, since the division is found on folio 49, part of a quire running from folio 47 to 52; an earlier assumption that this division indicated two separate manuscripts bound together is therefore incorrect., page 1.
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The codex contains the text of the Ecclesiastical History, arranged in large quarto (4 leaves in quire), on 123 parchment leaves. The leaves measure is about . The first leaf is a flyleaf taken from another volume. The original number of quires was 29.
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We saw that the Master of the Dresden Prayer Book finished his work on folio 358 recto and the Master of James IV of Scotland started on folio 404 verso. The miniatures in the intermediate quires must therefore be attributed to other illuminators.
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It contains the text of the four Gospels according to Peshitta version, on 214 leaves (10¾ by 8¼ inches). The number of quires is 18. The writing is in two columns per page, 22-25 lines per page. The writing is in fine Estrangela.
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It contains the text of the four Gospels according to Peshitta version, on 197 leaves (12⅞ by 9¾ inches). The leaves 31-197 were torn. The original number of quires was 22. The writing is in two columns per page, 22-25 lines per page.
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It contains the text of the four Gospels according to Peshitta version, on 200 leaves (9½ by 6⅛ inches). The number of quires is 20. The writing is in two columns per page, 25-31 lines per page. The writing is in fine Estrangela.
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The codex contains Lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium), with some lacunae. The text is written in Greek Uncial letters, on 192 parchment leaves (), arranged in 19 quires, 2 columns per page, 23 lines per page, 8-12 letters per line.
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Luke and Beginning of John on the same page The manuscript is in quarto volume, arranged in quires of five sheets or ten leaves each, similar to the Codex Marchalianus or Codex Rossanensis; but unlike the Codex Sinaiticus which has an arrangement of four or three sheets. The number of the quires is often found in the margin. Originally it must have been composed of 830 parchment leaves, but it appears that 71 leaves have been lost.Frederic G. Kenyon, "Our Bible and the Ancient Manuscripts" (4th ed.), London 1939. Currently, the Old Testament consists of 617 sheets and the New Testament of 142 sheets.
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It contains the text of the first three Gospels according to Peshitta version, on 131 leaves (10¼ by 9⅛ inches), with some lacunae. The number of quires is now 14. The writing is in two columns per page, 22-27 lines per page. The writing is in fine and regular Estrangela.
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The text is written in a single column of 130 by 85 mm. Each Gospel is started on a new quire. The quires are numbered so as to aid in the assembly of the codex. The manuscript's decoration includes eighteen canon tables under architectural arcades, display capitals, and a colophon decoration.
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The subscription of Lupus is written in uncials, and also has alternating lines of red and black ink. The text contains additional punctuation and annotations in a 10th-century Beneventuan hand. There are 240 folios of 355 by 275 mm. The folios are generally gathered into quires of eight folios each.
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The codex contains lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium), on 248 parchment leaves (), with one lacuna (9th leaf). The text is written in Greek minuscule letters, in 20 quires, in two columns per page, 20 lines per page. It contains musical notes. The manuscript is ornamented and rubricated.
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It contains the text of the first two Gospels according to the Peshitta version, on 106 leaves (8⅞ by 5⅛ inches), with some lacunae. The number of quires is now 14. The writing is in two columns per page, 21-27 lines per page. The writing is in fine and regular Estrangela.
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The codex contains some Lessons from the four Gospels lectionary (Evangelistarium) with some lacunae. The text is written in Greek minuscule letters, on 213 parchment leaves (32 by 24.5 cm), in 8-leaf quires. The text is written in 2 columns per page, 24 lines per page. It has breathings and accents.
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The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels on 270 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, in 26 lines per page, with a wide margins (size of the text is ). The leaves are arranged in quarto (four leaves in quires). It has decorated headpieces (flowers).
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The codex contains lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium), on 256 parchment leaves (). The text is written in Greek minuscule letters, in 25 quires, in two columns per page, 25 lines per page. It contains musical notes and Menologion. The last page contains the text of Mark 16:9-20.
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The Polyptych text is preserved in a ninth-century manuscript, containing 20 quires that describe 25 villages or settlements, and that name more than 10,000 individuals living on these lands.Hans-Werner Goetz, 'Palaiseau. Zur Struktur und Bevölkerung eines frühmittelalterlichen Dorfes in der Grundherrschaft des Klosters Saint- Germain-des-Prés', in Kleine Welten. Ländliche Gesellschaften im Karolingerreich, ed.
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Brewer and Owen ix. Some quires show evidence of having been used or read independently before being bound together. For instance, the beginning of the Alliterative Morte Arthure (AMA), which starts quire d, has rounded edges and a "faint grimy sheen," suggesting that this quire "was left unbound for some time, absorbing the dust."Brewer and Owen viii.
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He received his doctorate from the Université de Montréal. He is the author of Doing the Continental: A New Canadian-American Relationship, published by Dundurn Press in 2010. In May 2011, the book was listed on Quill & Quires bestseller list for non-fiction politics. A review by Conrad Black appeared in the May 2011 issue of the Literary Review of Canada.
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A paper bundle is a quantity of sheets of paper, currently standardized as 1,000 sheets. A bundle consists of 2 reams or 40 quires. As an old UK and US measure, it was previously equal to 960 sheets. When referring to chipboard, there are two standards in the US. In general, a package of approximately 50 pounds of chipboard is called a bundle.
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The codex contains lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium), on 217 parchment leaves (), with some lacunae at the beginning and end. The text is written in Greek minuscule letters, in 21 quires, in two columns per page, 21 lines per page (and more lines). It contains musical notes. There are daily lessons from Easter to Pentecost.
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Playfair, Vol. I, page 65. These tunnels were surveyed in 1941, and in quarry 35, workmen found many loose quires from books by Origen and Didymus the Blind, two Alexandrian Church Fathers. The workers who found them stole them, and although some were seized by the authorities, most are still missing, and turn up on the antiquities market from time to time.
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The codex contains almost complete text of the four Gospels, with some lacunae, on 273 parchment leaves (size ), in octavo (3 leaves in quires). The leaves 39-52, 190-201, 256-273 were supplied by a later hand, probably from the 15th century. The text is written in one column per page, 23 lines per page. The manuscript is beautifully written.
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The codex contains the complete text of the Gospel of Luke and the Gospel of John on 157 parchment leaves ( by ). The leaves are arranged in quarto, that is four leaves folded in quires. The text is written in two columns per page, 23 lines per page. There are no spaces between letters, and the words are not separate but written in scriptio continua.
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Folio 38 verso of the codex The manuscript consists of 178 pages of different sizes ranging from 20×16 centimetres to 20.5×16.8 cm. The tops of the leaves have been cut off with damage of numbering of the quires. The manuscript is written on parchment made from calf skins. Experts describe the quality of the material as low: rough manufacture of the leather, very economical open.
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Also known as Mind, Will, and Understanding, Wisdom dates from the mid-1460s. The manuscript contains two quires of twelve leaves each. Like Mankind, it belonged to (and was possibly transcribed by) the monk Thomas Hyngman. While the play in its complete form is known only through the Macro Manuscript, fragments of the play are preserved in a Digby Manuscript at the Bodleian Library (MS Digby 133).
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Naimi was offered key positions at madaris' of Calcutta, Nagpur and Mubarakpur but he preferred to stay under his teacher sadarul Afazil Maulana naeem uddin moradabadi. However he contributed fatawa in reply of quires. Naimi was sheiku al hadith and Mohtamim of Jamia Naeemia Moradabad. He was selected by Sadarul Afazil Maulana Naeem Uddin Moradabadi to assist in completing his tafseer Khazin ul Irfan.
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It contains the text of the four Gospels, Acts, James, 1 Epistle of Peter, 1 Epistle of John, and 14 Pauline epistles according to Peshitta version, on 173 leaves (9⅛ by 6½ inches). The original number of quires was 22 in number, but of the first three only four leaves remain. The writing is in two columns per page, 36 lines per page. The letters are small and neat.
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The text of the Bible is followed by the "Interpretations of Hebrew Names" (folios 526 recto to 572 verso). Following the main texts, a table of Epistle and Gospel readings (folios 573 recto to 576 verso), and a litany (folios 576 verso 577 recto) were added to the manuscript. The manuscript has 578 vellum folios. The folios are gathered into 26 quires, the majority of which have 24 folios per quire.
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It contains the text of the 14 Pauline epistles according to Peshitta version, on 129 leaves (8¾ by 5½ inches), some of which were torn. The original number of quires was 15 in number, but two of them are missing. The writing is in one column per page, 23-27 lines per page, in fine and regular estrangela. On folio 1 recto it has the Lord's Prayer in ancient Arabic.
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British Library, Add MS 4949 is an illuminated Gospel Book in Greek from the 12th century. It contains all four Gospels preceded by synaxarion and menologion, the Eusebian canon tables, and indications of lections. It has 259 vellum folios, most of which are gathered into quires of eight folios. There are evangelist portraits on folio 13 verso (Matthew), folio 80 verso (Mark), folio 125 verso (Luke), and folio 201 verso (John).
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Instead, this manuscript makes use of signatures consisting of Roman numerals followed by the letter "Q" There are two miniature bearing folios signed in this fashion. Intact quires consist of eight leaves (four bifolios). Most signatures are in the corner of the lower margin of the final verso. The fact that these signatures are Roman numerals, and not Arabic, suggests against the bookmakers being local or Mozarab vocations to the monastery scriptorium.
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On 28 July 1893 Chekhov informed Alexey Suvorin in a letter that he'd just finished "a little novella, just a couple of quires". "Come to visit me here, and I'll give it for you to read", he added somewhat teasingly. Suvorin suggested that the story should be published in Novoye Vremya, but Chekhov declined the offer. Later, upon having read the story, Suvorin asked to what extent did it reflect the author's own mental condition.
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The manuscript is illustrated with initials, with a comparatively great number found in the first two texts: the Prose Alexander (PA) has one large initial and a hundred and three smaller initials and the Alliterative Morte Arthure (AMA) has eighty-two small decorated initials. The PA also has nine blank spaces, left open for large initials or illustrations. This density is additional evidence that the quires containing these texts were separate booklets.Fredell 78-79.
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Various measures of paper quantity have been and are in use. Although there are no S.I. units such as quires and bales, there are ISOISO 4046-3:2002 Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 3: Paper-making terminology (2002), quoted in ISO 22414:2004(E) Paper – Cut-size office paper – Measurement of edge quality (2004) Geneva:ISO. and DINPapier und Pappe: DIN 6730:2011-02: Begriffe (Paper and board: vocabulary) (2011) (in German). Berlin: Beuth Verlag.
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The narrative ends with Freydal setting out to search for her, and Theuerdank then takes up the subsequent story. The work reflects Maximilian's vanity, as exemplified by a poem which forms part of the draft text: However, the tournaments described are based on encounters Maximilian actually had. This is evidenced by a list of people involved in the story in the first seven quires of the draft text, and who are known to have been actual courtiers.
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Una is also the queen's lover, though unlike her other lovers, she has a close place by Gloriana's side in the daytime as well. Countess Una appears to be an alternate version of Una Persson, a significant protagonist in Moorcock's Jerry Cornelius series. Gloriana's downfall comes in the form of a bisexual assassin and spy, antihero Captain Arturo Quire. Elizabethan England certainly had its own Quires, but he is a character drawn not from history but from Moorcock's imagination.
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The preserved parchment book consists of four quires, a fifth quire has been lost. The first leaf is also missing, therefore the original title of the book, if it had any, is unknown. The name Ágrip af Nóregskonungasögum ("A Synopsis of the Sagas of the Kings of Norway") was first used in an edition in 1835.Rory McTurk (Editor) A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture (Series: Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture, vol. 31.
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The manuscript is in quarto volume, arranged in quires of five sheets or ten leaves each, like Codex Vaticanus or Codex Rossanensis. It contains text of the Twelve Prophets, Book of Isaiah, Book of Jeremiah with Baruch, Lamentations, Epistle of Jeremiah, Book of Ezekiel, Book of Daniel, with Susanna and Bel. The order of the 12 Prophets is unusual: Hosea, Amos, Micah, Joel, Obadiah, Jonah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi. The order of books is the same as in Codex Vaticanus.
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The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 313 parchment leaves (size ), in 20 quires. The text is written in one column per page, 20 lines per page. It contains Synaxarion, Prolegomena, the tables of the (contents) are placed before each Gospel, numbers of the (chapters) are given at the margin, there are no (titles), lectionary markings, incipits, Synaxarion, Menologion, subscriptions, numbers of , and decorations. There are no division according to the Ammonian Sections, with a references to the Eusebian Canons.
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Yeandle 1986, p. 225 The first and second quires correspond to Part 1 and Part 2 of Henry IV respectively, and the six cancel leaves in between contain transitional scenes that Dering reworked after the manuscript's initial preparation.Yeandle 1986, p. 226 Two hands contributed to the composition of the Dering Manuscript, known as Hand I and Hand II. Hand I wrote page one of the manuscript and attached an eight line addition to the first scene on a piece of scrap paper.
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Due to the large size of the Bible, it had to be organized into many quires of four bi-folios. Each bi- folio would have been pricked for ruling to ensure the pages and lines of text were arranged properly. Ruling lines were lightly scored into the parchment, which the scribe would use as guides like the lines of a notebook. Unlike other manuscripts of this size, the Winchester Bible was written by the hand of one scribe with a goose feather quill.
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Legal pads usually have a gum binding at the top instead of a spiral or stitched binding. In 1902, J.A. Birchall of Birchalls, a Launceston, Tasmania, Australia-based stationery shop, decided that the cumbersome method of selling writing paper in folded stacks of "quires" (four sheets of paper or parchment folded to form eight leaves) was inefficient. As a solution, he glued together a stack of halved sheets of paper, supported by a sheet of cardboard, creating what he called the "Silver City Writing Tablet".
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Les Caquets de l'accouchée is an anonymous French satire composed of several quires published in 1622. They were reunited in 1623 under the title « Recueil général des Caquets de l'Accouchée ». The title refers to the custom, documented by the middle of the fifteenth, of Parisian bourgeoises to visit when one of them is layered. The narrator introduces himself as a convalescing Parisian to whom a doctor has prescribed to recuperate through entertainment and goes to listen to gossip with her cousin who has just given birth.
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The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 226 parchment leaves (size ), in 24 quires. The text is written in two columns per page, 24 lines per page. It contains Synaxarion, Prolegomena, the tables of the (contents) are placed before each Gospel, numbers of the (chapters) are given at the left margin, the (titles) at the top, the Ammonian Sections (Mark 242, the last section in 16:20), without a references to the Eusebian Canons, lectionary markings, and pictures. According to Scrivener the manuscript is written "with peculiar, almost barbarous, illuminations".
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These Lorsch annals may have been circulated in batches of years, before they were completed. The nature of the Sankt-Paul codex supports the contention that unfinished batches of annals were circulated in libelli (booklets) comprising single quires. A copy of the Lorsch annals eventually found its way into the Marca Hispanica, where it was used by the compiler(s) of the Chronicle of Moissac. The Belgian historian François-Louis Ganshof believed that the Chronicle of Moissac represented a fuller version of the Lorsch annals that had been extended down to 818.
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Limp binding is a bookbinding method in which the book has flexible cloth, leather, vellum, or (rarely) paper sides. When the sides of the book are made of vellum, the bookbinding method is also known as limp vellum. The cover is made with a single piece of vellum or alternative material, folded around the textblock, the front and back covers being folded double. The quires are sewn onto sewing supports such as cords or alum-tawed thongs and the tips of the sewing supports would be laced into the cover.
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The manuscript contains twelve quires totaling 91 folios, with sections written in English Vernacular Minuscule by three or four hands between 1060 and 1220. Two main scribes were responsible for most of the text, working in an alternating manner and easily distinguished by the very different ways in which they wrote the symbol & (a scribal abbreviation) and the letter ð ("edh", a voiced or unvoiced dental fricative). The MS has rubrics in red ink, and the initials of each homily are in red or sometimes green. The MS was rebound in October 1984.
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Thomas Kohl/Steffen Patzold/Bernhard Zeller (Vorträge und Forschungen 87, Sigmaringen 2019), 205-236, at p. 208. (German) At least four other quires have been lost, together with almost all of a sister volume listing lands given in benefice. The repetition of a chapter shows that the Polyptych , in its current form, was produced from a number of working copies, and was written by about a dozen scribes. The Polyptych seems to have been based on two tours of local enquiry undertaken by monks, each one asking inhabitants a different set of questions in the estates they visited.
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The Findern Manuscript (CUL MS Ff.1.6) is a paper codex written entirely in Middle English and compiled in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries by a series of gentry who were neighbors in the countryside of Derbyshire. A list of its major texts creates a “greatest hits” of fourteenth-century secular love literature; however the volume also contains around two dozen anonymous lyrics, which have been added in the blank spaces left at the bottoms of pages and the ends of quires. There are several names and scribal signatures written into the book, including the names of five women.
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Psalm 11 The entire volume contains 108 vellum leaves, approximately in size. The pages are formed by quires of 8 pages folded (Birch, 64, 67). There was probably at least an "author portrait" of David at the start, and the surviving text begins with a large initial with insular-style interlace (picture at top). The psalter was at one time thought to be a 6th-century work largely because of the use of archaic conventions in the script. The Psalter is written in rustic capitals, a script which by the 9th century had fallen out of favour in Carolingian manuscripts.
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Alvaro Soares da Cunha (c. 1466–1557) was the natural born son of Afonso V of Portugal, and Maria Soares da Cunha, the recently widowed daughter of Afonso's major valet, Fernão de Sá Alcoforado, and his wife Maria da Cunha. Álvaro was born at the Quinta de Paço de Pombal in Vila Boa de Quires in the district of Porto to the widowed, 20-year-old Maria Soares da Cunha at her aunt's home. After the death of her aunt and uncle, Maria and Álvaro were later cared for by her cousin, Pedro da Cunha Coutinho in Celorico de Basto.
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The manuscript lost six of the 8-folios quires (three in the beginning, two between leaves 84 and 85, one between leaves 100 and 101) and five separate leaves — together 53 leaves are lost. Separately last leaf of the manuscript is sewn to the book block with the text-palimpsest (presumably 12th century), written on the old washed off text. The main text of the manuscript was written by two scribes. It is believed, that the work of these scribes was distributed before work was started. As it « was done, possibly, for acceleration it is difficult to assume an opportunity of using the general original ».
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Bound by a black textile sheath embossed with the Hamilton arms on both covers, measuring 27×23 cm, the Hamilton Psalter consists of 373 numbered and several interpolated parchment folios written in different hands that include a number of texts besides the bilingual Psalter. Greek and Latin, however, being seen the most prevalent within one folio, Greek left and Latin right. The parchment itself throughout the Hamilton is rather interesting as well, differing in hues and craftsmanship. The French quires 1, 2, and 4 have been produced on very thin white material unique to this volume. Opposed to the Latin calendar written on much heavier, non-glossed, parchment that’s quite yellowed.
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The codex is a book of 187 leaves of 20.5–21 cm by 13-14.5 cm with painted wooden covers, consisting of 26 quires (four to eight leaves).Léon Vaganay, Christian-Bernard Amphoux, Jenny Heimerdinger, An introduction to New Testament textual criticism (1991), p. 17. The text is written in one column per page, 30 lines per page. There are numerous corrections made by the original scribe and a few corrections dating to the late 5th or 6th century. John 1:1-5:11 is a replacement of a presumably damaged folio, and dates to around the 7th century. It is missing Mark 15:13-38 and John 14:26-16:7.
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All save four of these have – with interruptions during the Commonwealth and the COVID-19 pandemic – continued daily choral prayer and praise to this day. In the Offices of Matins and Evensong in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, these choral establishments are specified as "Quires and Places where they sing". For nearly three centuries, this round of daily professional choral worship represented a tradition entirely distinct from that embodied in the intoning of Parish Clerks, and the singing of "west gallery choirs" which commonly accompanied weekly worship in English parish churches. In 1841, the rebuilt Leeds Parish Church established a surpliced choir to accompany parish services, drawing explicitly on the musical traditions of the ancient choral foundations.
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During the Elizabethan period, notable anthems were composed by Thomas Tallis, William Byrd, Tye, and Farrant but they were not mentioned in the Book of Common Prayer until 1662 when the famous rubric "In quires and places where they sing here followeth the Anthem" first appears. Early anthems tended to be simple and homophonic in texture, so that the words could be clearly heard. During the 17th century, notable anthems were composed by Orlando Gibbons, Henry Purcell, and John Blow, with the verse anthem becoming the dominant musical form of the Restoration. In the 18th century, famed anthems were composed by Croft, Boyce, James Kent, James Nares, Benjamin Cooke, and Samuel Arnold.
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The manuscript has been digitised by a Japanese team, who note that "the text is imperfect, as the manuscript lacks the first and last quires and few leaves. The most striking feature of the manuscript is the extensive use of red ink." In his 1947 publication of The Works of Sir Thomas Malory, Vinaver argued that Malory wrote not a single book, but rather a series of Arthurian tales, each of which is an internally consistent and independent work. However, William Matthews pointed out that Malory's later tales make frequent references to the earlier events, suggesting that he had wanted the tales to cohere better but had not sufficiently revised the whole text to achieve this.
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In the end upon some fault, His > Majesty ordered him (Haji Thanesari) to be dismissed and sent away to > Bhakkar, his native city, where he still is. Most of the interpreters and > translators are in hell along with Korus and Pandavs, and as for the > remaining ones, may God save them, and mercifully destine them to repent.... > His Majesty named the work Razmnaama (Epic), and had it illustrated and > transcribed in many copies, and the nobles too were ordered to have it > transcribed by way of obtaining blessings. Shaikh Abul Fazl... wrote a > preface of the length of two quires (juzv) for that work. Hindu and Muslim scholars discuss the Mahabharat translation.
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The rubric of the Book of Common Prayer of 1662 then reads 'In Quires and Places where they sing here followeth the Anthem.' At choral services of Mattins and Evensong, the choir at this point sings a different piece of religious music, which is freely chosen by the minister and choir. This usage is based on the practice of singing a Marian antiphon after Compline, and was encouraged after the Reformation by the directions of Queen Elizabeth I's 1559 directions that 'for the comforting of such that delight in music, it may be permitted, that in the beginning, or in the end of common prayers, either at morning or evening, there may be sung an hymn, or suchlike song to the praise of Almighty God'.
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It is a mystery who owned the book in the four hundred years from the time it was completed to when Lord Auchinleck first laid hands on it, but there are clues within. On some of the pages are names that have been added in, which are presumed to be previous owners and their family members. One of the quires of the manuscript is a list of Norman aristocracy, now assumed to be a version of the Battle Abbey Roll, and at the end of this list has been entered, in a different hand, the list of members from a family named Browne. Also sprinkled throughout the text, others have entered their names individually for posterity, such as Christian Gunter and John Harreis.
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In his will of 4 November, Markaunt bequeathed seventy-five books—consisting mainly of standard university textbooks, classical texts, and commentaries—to Corpus Christi college. These books were neatly catalogued - numbered, priced, particularized, and recorded with an incipit - in a register found in one quire of a parchment manuscript of Corpus Christi (call number: CCCC MS 323). This manuscript also contains Markaunt's will, and an exhaustive borrowing register of the books, in six quires. Markaunt had obviously been a keen and wealthy bibliophile, as the total value of these books amounted to £104 12s 3d (in 2017 GPB, worth approximately £67,266)Calculated from 1440 to 2017 currency using: with the most expensive volume, an anthology of Aristotle and his commentators entitled Liber moralis philosophie or Moralia magna, valued at £10.
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By contrast with case in most of the rest of the Old Testament, the Amiatinus psalms text is commonly considered an inferior witness of Jerome's Versio juxta Hebraicum; the presence of the 'Columba' series of psalm headings, also found in the Cathach of St. Columba, demonstrates that an Irish psalter must have been its source; but the text differs in many places from the best Irish manuscripts. The New Testament is preceded by the Epistula Hieronymi ad Damasum, Prolegomena to the four Gospels. The Codex Amiatinus qualifies as an illuminated manuscript as it has some decoration including two full-page miniatures, but these show little sign of the usual insular style of Northumbrian art and are clearly copied from Late Antique originals. It contains 1,040 leaves of strong, smooth vellum, fresh-looking today despite their great antiquity, arranged in quires of four sheets, or quaternions.
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The Verona Sacramentary () or Leonine Sacramentary (Sacramentarium Leonianum) is the oldest surviving liturgical book of the Roman rite. It is not a sacramentary in the strict sense, but rather a private collection of libelli missarum (missal booklets) containing only the prayers for certain Masses and not the scriptures, the canon or the antiphons.. It is named after the sole surviving manuscript, Codex Veronensis LXXXV, which was found in the chapter library of the cathedral of Verona by Giuseppe Bianchini and published in his four-volume Anastasii bibliothecarii vitae Romanorum pontificum in 1735. It is sometimes called "Leonine" because it has been attributed to Pope Leo I (died 461), but while some of the prayers may be his compositions the entire work certainly is not.. The Codex Veronensis LXXXV was copied in the early seventh century outside of Rome, but some of its material is clearly derived from Roman pamphlets (libelli missarum) and dates to the fifth and sixth centuries. Its contents are arranged according to the civil calendar, but the three quires containing the period 1 January – 14 April are lost.
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