Holland Quaestor said in a statement that stricter rules for the certificate will be introduced shortly.
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Quaestor collapsed after it was found to have issued bonds at least 150 billion forints ($500 million) in excess of its regulator-approved issuance program.
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The Dutch industry group for trust offices, Holland Quaestor, is trying to get companies to qualify for a certificate of good behaviour, by going beyond existing rules and regulations.
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The date of the letter must be the end of the First Mithridatic War, as the pirates of Cilicia were submitting, with Lucullus perhaps making the decision in 86 BC, and Sulla ratifying in either 86 or 85. If Lucullus was Quaestor pro Praetore ("Quaestor acting as commander") in 86, and Quaestor is to refer only to his rank, then he cannot also have been Proquaestor (ex Quaestor) in 86. And yet, if he was Quaestor in either 88 or 87, as the honorific inscription at Hypata implies, he must have been Proquaestor (and not Quaestor) in 86.
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The quaestor hocicudo (Oxymycterus quaestor) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in southeastern Brazil and northeastern Argentina, where it lives in forest and moist and dry scrub.
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Cereopsius quaestor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Newman in 1842, originally under the genus Monohammus. It is known from the Philippines and Moluccas.BioLib.cz - Cereopsius quaestor.
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Edward C. Brice, member, Numismatic Society), which Thonemann and some others reject out of hand as "Constitutionally quite impossible" (it is not impossible). It is based on the Constitutional distinction between "urban quaestor," the treasurer at Rome, and "military quaestor," expected not to be at Rome; that is, "field quaestor." It is one of those distinctions rarely explicitly made by a society that took it for granted. Any such distinction (there were more) referenced by just the word "quaestor" is bivocal.
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Quaestor Tribunis Militum annos natus XXXIII mortuus. Pater regem Antiochum subegit. A translation into English is: : Lucius Cornelius, son of Lucius, grandson of Publius, Scipio, quaestor, military tribune, died aged 33 years. His father conquered king Antiochus.
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The insignia of the quaestor sacri palatii, from the Notitia Dignitatum: the codicil of office on a stand, surrounded by law scrolls. The quaestor sacri palatii (, usually simply ), in English: Quaestor of the Sacred Palace, was the senior legal authority in the late Roman Empire and early Byzantium, responsible for drafting laws. In the later Byzantine Empire, the office of the quaestor was altered and it became a senior judicial official for the imperial capital, Constantinople. The post survived until the 14th century, albeit only as an honorary title.
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The Quaestor at the University of St Andrews, in Scotland, is a senior executive, and is responsible for the finances of the University; the equivalent of treasurer, Finance Director, or chief operating officer in other institutions. The Quaestor is also the Factor of the University. The Quaestor is a member of the Office of the Principal, and work under the direction of the Principal of the University of St Andrews, who is chief executive of the University. The Quaestor and Factor, as of 14 April 2017, was Derek Watson FFCA.
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Greek inscriptional language does include anti tamias, where anti is the word the Greeks used to translate Roman pro, "in place of." Lucullus arriving in Alexandris to request the use of Egyptian ships is an anti tamias, suggesting that tamias was simply quaestor. Subsequently, however he is quaestor pro praetore in charge of the fleet. Despite the semantic ambiguity, the geographic circumstances point to tamias being quaestor.
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He is defined as "quaestor" (perhaps quaestor sacri palatii) in the inscription on his seat at the Colosseum. His consular diptych, which records his further career, has been preserved.. After his term as quaestor, Sividius was appointed praefectus urbi of Rome and then patricius. In 488 he was consul posterior with Claudius Iulius Ecclesius Dynamius, both appointed by the court of Odoacer, and praefectus urbi for the second time.
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Although the inscription suggests a date of 88 BC, it is not proof positive that the date of the quaestorship per se was not 87. The circumstances, however, are unfavorable to 87. If it was not 88, then Lucullus was not the quaestor that remained loyal to Sulla in the Civil War, but whose quaestor was he? Sulla could no longer hire a quaestor himself, not being Consul.
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Lucius Julius Bursio, a quaestor or monetalis around 84–82 BC.Broughton, MRR2, p. 442.
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While Julius Caesar served as Quaestor to the Governor or Proconsul/Propraetor in Hispania Ulterior he took major military action against the rebellious tribes of the region. His time as Quaestor was uneventful although when he became Governor there, he settled the disputes.
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96, 167. During this period Titus also practiced law and attained the rank of quaestor.
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This relationship often continued past the designated terms of either individual, and the quaestor could be called upon for assistance or other needs by the consul. Breaking this pact or doing harm by a former superior would make the quaestor seem dishonorable or even treasonous.
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Under the Emperor Justinian I, an additional office named quaestor was created to control police and judicial matters in Constantinople. In this new position, a quaestor was responsible for wills, as well as supervision of complaints by tenants regarding their landlords, and finally over the homeless.
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For the ins and outs of the question, see the following. The view that in fact Lucullus was Quaestor in 88 remains a strong one. His timetable as quaestor in 87 is too crowded. In 87 he had two months to accomplish an amazing number of tasks.
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They had to send the raised revenues and their account to the aerarium. When the governor was absent from the province the quaestor took his place in an acting capacity and was then attended by lictors.Cicero, Letters to Friends, 2.15 The quaestor in the provinces also performed the duties of the curule aedile.Gaius, Institutes, 1.6 The relationship between governor and quaestor was according to ancient custom regarded as resembling that between a father and his son.
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On the one hand a Quaestor is someone who holds one of these positions. On the other hand, if the Constitutional rank of Quaestor is not so distinguished, but the office is, then the office and the rank are different meanings. In that case a Proquaestor might be assigned to the job of Quaestor Militaris just as he would be assigned Pro Praetore. He would technically be Proquaestor Pro Quaestore, but no such rank is testified.
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Of this inscription Kern says (English translation from Latin): :"L. Licinius L.f. Lucullus (consul 74 B.C.) was quaestor and then proquaestor in Asia 88-80 B.C. Tamias can signify either (Dittenberger)." The use of the term quaestor for tamias does not prove that Lucullus was not a proquaestor.
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Birley, Fasti of Roman Britain, p. 238 He then was elected quaestor, and Florentinus executed this traditional Republican magistracy in Achaea. Upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Florentinus would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p. 16 Here Birley notes his surprise that Florentinus served as quaestor in Achaea, instead of as quaestor as an adjunct to the emperor, moreover he then held the post of plebeian tribune instead of curule aedile.
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It is possible that Lucullus was a Proquaestor from the Social War, but then why would Sulla pass over his Quaestor in favor of someone else's former Quaestor? Whatever the facts were, they were so taken for granted that the historians did not even think they should mention it. There is, however, one exception to the silence of the historians: one mention of a Quaestor, which can hardly be anyone else but Lucullus. It occurs in the context of Sulla's first civil war.
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Lucullus was elected Quaestor in winter of 89-88 during the same elections Sulla was chosen as Consul with his friend Quintus Pompeius Rufus (whose son was married to Sulla's eldest daughter, Cornelia). Lucullus was probably the Quaestor mentioned as the sole officer in Sulla's army who could stomach accompanying the Consul when he marched on Rome.Appian R.Em. I, 57 records the bare facts without giving names. The suggestion that this quaestor was Lucullus was first made by Ernst Badian ('Waiting for Sulla', JRS 52 (1962), p.
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Livy, xlii. 49 The latter is probably the same as the quaestor, and the son of Lucius Manlius Acidinus Fulvianus.
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Considered in the light of inscriptions now catalogued and known to moderns, the rank of Lucullus appears to be a problem. There is a question whether he was Quaestor in 88 or Quaestor in 87; however, beyond that, in some years he appears to have been both Quaestor and Proquaestor. If it is assumed that magistrates can be either Quaestors or Proquaestors, but not both, then insoluble contradictions are seen generally solved by tossing out evidence contrary to a given proposition as exclusive choice. Thonemann, for example, after a review of the evidence as he sees it decides Lucullus must have been Quaestor in 87 and Proquaestor thereafter, discarding evidence to the contrary, but whichever view he were to take, he could not keep it without discards.
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During the reign of the Emperor Constantine I, the office of quaestor was reorganized into a judicial position known as the quaestor sacri palatii. The office functioned as the primary legal adviser to the emperor, and was charged with the creation of laws as well as answers petitions to the emperor. From 440 onward, the office of the quaestor worked in conjunction with the praetorian prefect of the East to oversee the supreme tribunal, or supreme court, at Constantinople. There they heard appeals from the various subordinate courts and governors.
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On September 25, 2011, he was elected Senator of Moselle. And on 5 October 2011, he was appointed Prime Quaestor Senate.
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The main text of the inscription replies to a request to Lucullus that the Temples of Isis and Serapis be granted the power of refuge. It was granted. An initial paragraph from Sulla underwrites the decision by Lucullus. The latter refers to himself as Quaestor pro Praetore (Tamias kai Antistrategos): that is, a former quaestor promoted to acting praetor.
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As part of his reforms, in 539 Emperor Justinian I created another office named quaestor or alternatively quaesitor (Greek: κυαισίτωρ) who was given police and judicial powers in Constantinople, and also tasked with the supervision of new arrivals to the imperial capital. By the turn of the 9th century, the original quaestor had lost most of his former duties to other officials, chiefly the logothetēs tou dromou and the epi tōn deēseōn. The functions of the middle Byzantine quaestor were essentially those of the quaesitor: he was one of the kritai ("judges") of Constantinople. However, as John B. Bury notes, an examination of his subordinate staff, and the fact that it could be held by a eunuch, shows that the later office was the direct continuation of the quaestor sacri palatii.
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All of these provinces were detached from the Praetorian prefecture of the East and placed under the authority of a new army official known as the quaestor exercitus ("Quaestor of the army"). The authority of the quaestor was the equivalent to that of a magister militum. Since the strategically vital Danubian provinces were economically impoverished, the purpose of the quaestura exercitus was to help support the troops that were stationed there. By connecting the exposed provinces of the Lower Danube with wealthier provinces in the interior of the empire, Justinian was able to transport supplies via the Black Sea.
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See "Questore" on treccani.it. Nor as it clear if there were two quaestores in the province from the beginning (one in Lilybaeum and one in Syracuse), since in all the provinces that were subsequently established, there was only one quaestor. According to Antonino Pinzone this difference is explained by the fact that Sicily "came under the control of Rome in two stages," so that "the position of the quaestor of Lilybaeum is to be considered a kind of fossil and his influence is to be imputed to the financial and military arrangements inherited from the quaestor (classicus?).".Cited in .
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She was re-elected to a third consecutive term in the 2014 European election. Following the 2019 elections, Beňová became a quaestor of the European Parliament for two and a half years. Her role as quaestor made her part of the Parliament’s leadership under President David Sassoli.EP Quaestors elected, Parliament Bureau complete European Parliament, press release of July 4, 2019.
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He also had a brother, Lucius Valerius Triarius, who was quaestor in 81 and praetor in 78.Broughton, vol. II, pp. 77, 86, 91.
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63; Martin, 1981, pp. 26–27 under Vespasian(1.1) (r. 69–79), but entered political life as a quaestor in 81 or 82 under Titus.
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Obultronius Sabinus was quaestor aerarii in 56MT Griffin, Nero: The End of a Dynasty (p. 57), Routledge, 11 Sep 2002, [Retrieved 2015-04-09] or 57 AD:William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Volume 3, J. Baylis 1873 (ed. W.Smith) [Retrieved 2915-04-09] the quaestor aerarii fulfilled the role of paymaster militaria.REA Palmer, The Archaic Community of the Romans (p.
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129-131 Any expenditure of public funds, by either a curule aedile or a plebeian aedile, had to be authorized by the senate. The office of quaestor was considered the lowest-ranking of all major political offices. Quaestors were elected by the Tribal Assembly, and the assignment of their responsibilities was settled by lot. Magistrates often chose which quaestor accompanied them abroad,Lintott, p.
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The office of quaestor, usually a former broad-striped tribune, was adopted as the first official post of the ' ( course of offices), the standard sequence that made up a career in public service. Once elected as quaestor, a Roman man earned the right to sit in the Senate and began progressing through the '. Quaestors were not provided any ' (civil servant bodyguards) while in the city of Rome, but while in the provinces, they were allowed to have the ' (a bound bundle of wooden rods symbolizing a magistrate's authority and jurisdiction). Every Roman consul, the highest elected official in the ', and every provincial governor was appointed a quaestor.
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The quaestor's main responsibilities involved the distribution of war spoils between the aerarium, or public treasury, and the army. The key responsibility of the quaestor was the administration of public funds to higher-ranking officials in order to pursue their goals, whether those involve military conquests which require funding for armies or public works projects. The office of quaestor was a position bound to their superior, whether that be a consul, governor, or other magistrate, and the duties would often reflect their superiors. For example, Gaius Gracchus was quaestor under the consul Orestes in Sardinia, and many of his responsibilities involved leading military forces.
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In the previous century Rome subdued the Thessalian countryside by dissolving recalcitrant koina and rewarding cooperative ones. In the 1st century BC it was restoring koina and offering economic assistance to them coordinated through quaestores, which subsequently was occasion of an honorific statue. These inscriptions reveal the existence of a lower-ranking acting quaestor, the leg(atus) pro q(uaestore), which was to be expected as there were not enough quaestores to assist all the koina that needed it. If the word Quaestor (tamias) can be taken to mean exactly that, then the year of the inscription can be taken to be the year Lucullus was quaestor.
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Moreover, if he was quaestor in 87, Sulla had no legitimate authority to invite him further as proquaestor, which would have been up to the Senate, now held by his enemies.Considering that the final historical verdict for the First War is that he finished as Proquaestor, reverting to his rank on handing over command of the fleet, it is possible that the usage of the words varies; that is, in some situations Quaestor was a position rather than a rank. Other similar titles use Proquaestor pro Praetore, which is what may have been meant. In coin legends also, the same Quaestor is sometimes listed for multiple years.
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S&D; Group strongly represented in EP presidency with 5 vice-presidents and 1 quaestor Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats, press release of January 19, 2017.
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While not in direct command of the army, the quaestor would be in charge of organizational and lesser duties that were a necessary part of the war machine.
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Those who have argued that Publius was the elder son have attempted to make a quaestor of him.In “The Sons of Crassus,” reprint p. 1222, Syme discounts the notion that Publius was ever a quaestor but entertains the possibility that in Gaul he might have been a military tribune. Rawson holds that even after his operations in Aquitania “he was still perhaps technically only praefectus equitum, if that” (“Crassorum funera,” p. 547).
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The quaestor would have worked for the governor. Who the quaestor was is not stated. Curtius' position on his staff is compatible with his later efforts to improve the revenue of his home town and of Lower Germany. While he was in Africa, Curtius seems to have had a supernatural experience, according to him, of which he made no secret; in fact, it may have helped his career in the superstitious Roman social milieu.
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Lucius Cossinius was a Roman praetor who aided Publius Varinius against Spartacus during the Third Servile War. He was aided by his tribune Lucius Furius and the quaestor Gaius Toranius.
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Publius's surviving brother, Marcus, went to Gaul as Caesar's quaestor in 54 BC, the year before the Parthian defeat. His service record is undistinguished.Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 5.24.3 and 46, 1; 6.6.
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After an ill-spent youth, Sallust entered public life and may have won election as quaestor in 55 BC. However, there is no conclusive evidence about this, and some scholars suppose that Sallust did not become a quaestor — the practice of violating the cursus honorum was common in the last years of the Republic.Syme, R. (1964) Sallust. University of California Press. p. 28Earl D. C. "The Early Career of Sallust", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 15 (1966), p.
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In 41 BC the quaestor Quintus Pedius built or rebuilt a wall possibly dating back to the sacred grove. It was still operational in the imperial period, as attested to in inscriptions.
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He was elected praetor for 94 BC, though no evidence exists for his previous occupation of the roles of quaestor and aedile. In 93 BC, as propraetor, he was governor of Macedonia.
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In 1982 he was Director of the Commissioner of Police Piazza Armerina (Enna). In 1997 he assumed the leadership of Commissioner of Police of Acireale. Since 2004 he is the Quaestor of Ragusa.
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She left the company in 1999 to join Quaestor where she worked her way up to become a director. Milling then worked as head of clients for Optimisa Research between 2010 and 2014.
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The quaestors also served in a provincial administration. When a quaestor died in his province, the governors appointed a proquaestor in his stead.Cicero, Against Verres. l.C In Rome the quaestors were the treasurers.
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Pompeius Strabo had offered himself as the accuser, but he was not allowed to conduct the prosecution, because he had been the quaestor of Albucius.Cicero, De Prov. Cons. 7, in Pison. 38, Div.
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On January 28, 2015, it was announced that Ibáñez joined the ranks of Győri ETO. Vecernji List: Luis Ibanez pronašao klub - igrat će do kraja sezone u mađarskom Gyoru 28 January 2015 However, on April 9, 2015, Győri's largest investor, Quaestor, went bankrupt. Jaroslaw Adamowski. Inside World Football: Quaestor failure triggers seizure of Hungary's Gyori ETO FC. April 9, 2015 This resulted in the virtual liquidation of the club, and resulted in almost all of its players, including Ibáñez, to leave.
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109; Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Dominic Rathbone, eds. The Cambridge Ancient History – XI. Cambridge U. P.: 2000, , p. 133. In 101, Hadrian was back in Rome; he was elected quaestor, then quaestor imperatoris Traiani, liaison officer between Emperor and the assembled Senate, to whom he read the Emperor's communiqués and speeches – which he possibly composed on the emperor's behalf. In his role as imperial ghostwriter, Hadrian took the place of the recently deceased Licinius Sura, Trajan's all-powerful friend and kingmaker.
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Upon returning to Rome, he held the traditional Roman magistracies -- quaestor, plebeian tribune and praetor -- all with the recommendation of the emperor Hadrian. Edward Dabrowa attributes this favor to the intercession of either his father or the well-known lawyer and friend of the Emperor, his brother-in-law Publius Pactumeius Clemens. According to Ronald Syme, Clemens was quaestor to Paetus' father, when he was proconsular governor of Africa.Syme, "Pliny's Less Successful Friends", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 9 (1960), p.
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Constantine the Great created the office ' (quaestor of the sacred place) which functioned as the Roman Empire's senior legal official. Emperor Justinian I also created the offices ', a judicial and police official for Constantinople, and ' (quaestor of the army), a short- lived joint military-administrative post covering the border of the lower Danube. The ' survived long into the Byzantine Empire, although its duties were altered to match the '. The term is last attested in 14th century Byzantium as a purely honorific title.
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Family connection was another basis of power. The team of Sulla and Lucullus on campaign was brokered by Sulla in a deal with the Consuls. In such a deal it is unlikely that Sulla would choose anyone but his old teammate, Quaestor Lucullus, now to be Proquaestor. He would certainly not choose one of the current Quaestors, who would be working for the current Consuls, not for him, nor would he have any power at all to install his own Quaestor.
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Once he had returned from his posting on the Rhine frontier, Balbinus would have become a quaestor, which would have enrolled him in the Roman Senate, but instead the emperor Hadrian first adlected him into the Patrician class; if the order of the offices he held on the inscription reflects the order of the offices he held, both this, and his admission to the salii Collinus also came before he was quaestor to emperor Hadrian. Becoming a Patrician excused him from the traditional Republican magistracies between quaestor and praetor. His consulate followed. The only consular post Balbinus is known to have held was governor of Dalmatia, according to Werner Eck's interpretation of an inscription found at Salona; Eck dates the period he held this posting simply as "after 137".
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Much about the ancestry and career of Publius Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus is uncertain and is based on a great deal of supposition; what is certain is the praenomen of his father, Publius, which is attested in his filiation. It is postulated that our Marcellinus may have been the son of Publius Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus, who may have been a Triumvir monetalis in 50 BC, but it is certain he was elected quaestor in 48 BC; Marcellinus the quaestor commanded a portion of Julius Caesar's defences at Dyrrachium which was attacked by Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, and in the process Marcellinus sustained heavy losses.Broughton, p. 273 There is also a Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus, consul in 56 BC, who is considered the father of the quaestor, who could be the grandfather of our Marcellinus.
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His rank in the First and Second Mithridatic Wars, as can be seen in the inscription on the base of the statue of an envoy to the Romans at Rhodes quoted above, was that of Proquaestor, which takes its meaning from Quaestor. just as Proconsul comes from Consul. Officers can only be Consuls and Quaestors for the year at Rome by election. At subsequent times and other places they are Proconsuls and Proquaestors, unless elected again; however, a waiting interim was required, to avoid just such a tenure. If Lucullus was Proquaestor for Proconsul Sulla out of Rome, then the most obvious explanation is that he was Quaestor for Consul Sulla at Rome in 88 BC. By law, the elections for supreme magistrates returned two two-man teams of Consul and Quaestor.
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Bust of Antoninus Pius, British Museum Lucius started his political career as a quaestor in 153. He was consul in 154,Reed, p. 194. and was consul again with Marcus in 161.Lendering, Jona.
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His first known office was quaestor and was assigned to Germanicus.Tactius, Annales, IV.31.1 However, for Germanicus to have a quaestor, he needed to hold imperium, which he would as consul (Germanicus was consul in the years 12 and 18), or if granted that by the Senate (which he was as proconsul 17 September 14); Ronald Syme has argued the date of Rufus' quaestorship was AD 15. Syme further argued that Rufus was praetor four years afterwards.Syme, "Domitius Corbulo", Journal of Roman Studies, 60 (1970), pp.
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Viventius (fl. 364 - 371)PLRE, I, 972 was a Roman official and administrator during the reign of Valentinian I. A native of Siscia, in Pannonia,Amm. Marc. 26.4.4. Viventius is first attested as holding the position of Quaestor sacri palatii in 364, one of a number of Pannonians who benefitted from the rise of their compatriots Valens and Valentinian I to the imperial throne. As Quaestor, Viventius assisted in the conducting of magic trials at Rome and was the next year appointed Praefectus urbi.Amm. Marc. 26.4.4.
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If he was already Proquaestor in 86, how could he be Quaestor in 82? Thonemann dismisses the contradiction as "carelessness," but Cicero repeats it in Pro Archia 5.11, reporting that he ruled Asia as Quaestor. As an ex-magistrate himself, he might be expected to remember these matters. Thonemann would go so far as to alter the date recommended by the editors of an inscription set up in a former pirate community in Cilicia from 84 BC to 87 BC, requiring a totally different political situation.
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Marcus Marius was a quaestor of the Roman Republic in 76 BCT.R.S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (American Philological Association, 1952), vol. 2, p. 93. and proquaestor under Quintus Sertorius's government in exile in Spain.
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Publicola was quaestor in 41 BCAn inscription of this year (CIL 6, 358) names a Quintus Pedius as urban quaestor: P(ublio) Servilio L(ucio) Antonio co(n)s(ulibus) / a(nte) d(iem) IIII K(alendas) Sext(iles) / locavit Q(uintus) Pedius q(uaestor) urb(anus) / murum Iunoni Lucinae / HS CCCLXXX(milibus) / eidemque probavit. and served as a Roman senator. Publicola is remembered from his political career as a distinguished orator. The great Roman poet and satirist Horace, celebrates Publicola’s oratory and mentions Publicola in his writings (Serm.i.
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Additionally, the reforms granted quaestors automatic membership in the Senate upon being elected, whereas previously, membership in the Senate was granted only after censors revised the Senate rolls, which occurred less frequently than the annual induction of quaestors. This relationship between a consul and a quaestor was similar to that between a patron and a client. The quaestor was essentially a client to their superior. There was some level of mutual respect between the two individuals, but a defined sense of place and knowledge of each other's roles.
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About 6000 Romans manage to flee to Carpessus with their quaestor, the remaining of the original 10000 being either killed or imprisoned. Vitilius himself is killed during this ambush, as he was considered to be of little worth as a slave (he supposedly was old and fat). The Quaestor asks for reinforcements from the Roman allies Belli and Titii, who send about 5000 men, but all are slayed in skirmishes against Viriathus' forces. In 146 BC, Viriathus raids Carpetania until Gaius Plautius Hypsaeus comes from home bringing 10000 men on foot and 1300 on horse.
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The cursus honorum for Lateranus can be reconstructed from an inscription from Rome. That this inscription attests he was a member of the tresviri monetalis, the most prestigious of the four boards that comprised the vigintiviri, and performed his duties as a quaestor for the Emperor indicates he was a member of the patrician order. His status also explains the absence of any office between quaestor and his consulate except for praetor. At an unknown date he was a member of the sodales Hadrianales, a priesthood dedicated to performing rituals honoring the deified emperor Hadrian.
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The gens Oclatia was an obscure plebeian family at Rome. The only member known to have held any magistracy is Gaius Oclatius Modestus, quaestor in the first half of the second century, but many Oclatii are known from inscriptions.
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The forces' vehicles are usually white with a green or blue stripe along the side. Polizia provinciale must be distinguished from questura, the office of the head of the state's police (polizia di stato) in a province, called questore (quaestor).
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Calliopius was a Greek nobleman from Antioch.Martindale, Jones & Morris (1971), p. 174 The parents of Calliopius are unknown, but he had some relationship to the sometime quaestor sacri palatii Montius Magnus, and was perhaps his son.Martindale, Jones & Morris (1971), p.
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Her role as first quaestor made her part of the Parliament's leadership under President David Sassoli.EP Quaestors elected, Parliament Bureau complete European Parliament, press release of July 4, 2019. She is also a member of the URBAN Intergroup.Members URBAN Intergroup.
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Daniel Kameni, "Cameroun: La liste des 100 sénateurs", Mutations, 10 May 2013 . When the Bureau of the Senate was elected on 12 June 2013, Baskouda received the post of Quaestor."Le bureau élu du Sénat", Cameroon Tribune, 13 June 2013 .
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Vladimír Maňka (born 19 September 1959 in Lučenec) is a Slovak politician and Member of the European Parliament with the Direction, part of the Socialist Group. In parliament, Maňka sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Budgets. He is a substitute for the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, substitute for the Delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). In January 2017, Maňka was elected as quaestor of the European Parliament for two and a half years. His role as quaestor made him part of the Parliament’s leadership under President Antonio Tajani.
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Junillus Africanus (floruit 541–549) was Quaestor of the Sacred Palace (quaestor sacri palatii) in the court of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I.Anecdota 20.17; translated by H.B. Dewing (Cambridge, Mass. 1935), p. 240 He is best known for his work on biblical exegesis, Instituta regularia divinae legis. According to M.L.W. Laistner, Junillus' work was based on the writings of one of the teachers of the School of Nisibis, Paul the Persian, and because Paul had been influenced by the writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Junillus' Instituta helped make Western theologians familiar with the Antiochene school of exegesis.
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Most of Geminus' career is known from an acephalic inscription (one where the name of the subject is missing) recovered from Epidaurus in Greece; Werner Eck has argued that the subject of this inscription is Geminus."Miscellanea prosopographica", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 42 (1981), pp. 229f The earliest office found on this inscription is that of quaestor, assigned to the province of Crete and Cyrenaica; the office of quaestor qualified Geminus for admission to the Roman Senate. Next is the traditional republican magistracy of plebeian tribune, after which there is a gap in the inscription.
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His early performance was so unsuccessful that Emperor Caligula reportedly stuffed handfuls of muck down his toga to correct the uncleaned Roman streets, formally his responsibility. During the period of the ascendancy of Sejanus, there is no record of Vespasian's significant activity in political events. After completion of a term in the vigintivirate, Vespasian was entitled to stand for election as quaestor; a senatorial office. But his lack of political or family influence meant that Vespasian served as quaestor in one of the provincial posts in Crete, rather than as assistant to important men in Rome.
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The gens Neria was a minor plebeian family at Rome. Members of this gens are first mentioned in the time of Caesar, when Gnaeus Nerius was quaestor, but few if any others are known to have held Roman magistracies. Many Nerii are known from inscriptions. A coin issued by the quaestor Nerius depicts the head of Saturn on the obverse, and standards labeled with the names of the consuls on the reverse, perhaps alluding to Caesar having broken open the treasury, or showing the legitimacy of the Senate to the legions against the rebellion of Caesar.
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She served as a quaestor for part of this period. From 1999, she represented the enlarged seat of the East Midlands. She stood down at the 2004 European election, at which time she was elected as President of the European Cervical Cancer Association.
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The gens Egnatuleia was a plebeian family at Rome. The only member of the gens to achieve any of the higher offices of the state was Lucius Egnatuleius, quaestor in 44 BC.Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
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The Rutilii used relatively few praenomina, chiefly Publius, Lucius, Marcus, and Gaius, all of which were among the most common names throughout Roman history. The only other praenomen found under the Republic was Quintus, known from Quintus Rutilius, quaestor in 44 BC.
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The gens Spellia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome. Few members of this gens appear in history, but several are known from inscriptions. The only Spellius known to have held any magistracy was Publius Spellius Spellianus Sabinus, quaestor in AD 57..
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This was followed by the traditional order of republican magistracies: quaestor, aedile, and praetor. Then he was legate to the proconsular governor of Asia.Dabrowa, Legio X Fretensis: A Prosopographical Study of its Officers (I-III c. A.D.) (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1993), p.
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Of the twenty quaestors appointed each year, ten were allocated to assist the proconsuls of the public provinces; Priscus was allocated to the proconsular governor of Asia, a choice position. It was while Priscus was quaestor of Asia that his career took an unusual turn.
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Honoré, 44. Justinian made Tribonian magister officiorum (Master of Offices), although it is not clear when,Honoré, 45 and then appointed him quaestor sacri palatii in September 529.Tony Honoré, "Tribonian" in The Oxford Classical Dictionary 1549 (Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth eds. 3rd rev.
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According to the French historian Fr. François Catrou et Rouillé, Appianus served as a quaestor in the army of the Roman Triumvir Mark Antony. After this, little is known about his remaining political career beyond his consulship in 12 BC. He died not long afterwards.
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117–138), Antonius Pius (r. 138–161), and Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180). His life spanned a particularly beneficial era of Roman rule, when relative peace and prosperity reigned. Julian had been tribune; he "held all the important senatorial offices from Quaestor to Consul".
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The previous Flaccus' son was also (d. 54 BC). He served in Asia under his father, but fled to his uncle Gaius, who was in Gaul. He later served as military tribune in Cilicia, quaestor in Hispania under Piso, a legate of Metellus in Crete.
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Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus was the son of Quintus Fabius Maximus Aemilianus, the Roman consul of 145 BC, and a member of the patrician gens Fabia.Allobrogicus was a member of the gens Fabia through the adoption of his father; his paternal grandfather was Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus. His first appearance was during the elections for quaestor in 134 BC; he was recommended to the voters as a candidate by his biological uncle Scipio Aemilianus, and after Allobrogicus was elected, Scipio took him as his quaestor to Hispania Citerior where they fought in the Second Numantine War. While there, Allobrogicus was placed in charge of 4,000 volunteers.
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Of these inscriptions found in Taurinorum, two provide the details of his cursus honorum up to his first consulship., His first documented service was as sevir equitum Romanorum at the annual review of the equites, which was followed as one of the decemviri stlitibus judicandus, one of the magistracies that comprised the vigintiviri. Agricola then served as military tribune in Legio I Italica. Under the emperor Vespasian he was quaestor, which could have been as late as the year 78. Since Roman senators commonly held the office of quaestor at the age of 25, this suggests Agricola was born in the year 53, at the latest.
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The inscription on the sarcophagus (CIL VI 1296) survives in the Vatican and identitifes the deceased as Lucius Cornelius L.f. P.n. Scipio, probably the second generation of the Cornelii Scipiones Asiatici (Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus II). Livy records that the quaestor Lucius Cornelius Scipio was sent to meet King Prusias II of Bithynia and conduct him to Rome, when this monarch visited Italy in 167 BC.Liv. xlv. 44 Smith reports that this quaestor is probably to be identified with the Lucius Cornelius Scipio, son of Lucius, grandson of Publius, who is commemorated in the elogia Scipionum from the Tomb of the Scipios in Rome.
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Thonemann distinguishes between "classes of document," the inscriptions taking precedence; however, he goes a step further. They must be mutually reconcilable; if they are not, then they may be moved in time to make them so, which is a step in the direction of writing your own history. The unknown Quaestor of 88 is passed off with "the identification is far from evident." Cicero in Lucullus 2 mentions that Lucullus served as Quaestor in Asia while Murena was fighting the Second Mithridatic War (82 BC), and yet he reports in Lucullus 11 that the latter was in Alexandria as Proquaestor (86 BC), which seems to place the cart before the horse.
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Angelo Maria Cicolani (4 April 1952 – 27 October 2012) was an Italian politician. He was a Member of the Italian Senate from 2001 until his death, and a Quaestor in the Senate from 2011. Cicolani died in October 2012 after a long illness. He was 60.
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The first member of the Gellii to achieve the consulate, at an early age Lucius was attached to Gaius Papirius Carbo as his contubernalis.Anthon & Smith, pg. 724 He began his climb up the cursus honorum with his election as quaestor around 102 BC followed by aedile around 96 BC.
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This campaign was unsuccessful. In 48 BC he was probably made quaestor by Caesar to re-enter the Senate. However, the last statement is based on the "Invective against Sallust" ascribed to Cicero,Broughton, T. R. S. (1952) Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol. 2. American Philological Association. p.
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In the provinces they were in charge of the finances of the province. Originally there were only two quaestors who supervised the aerarium in Rome. In 421 BC their number was doubled. From then on when the consuls undertook a military campaign they were accompanied by one quaestor each.
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Marcus Tullius Cicero was the Quaestor to the Propraetor/Proconsul of Sicily. He fixed major agricultural problems in the region and improved on the purchase and selling of grain. The farmers after this loved Cicero and began to travel to Rome to vote for him in elections every year.
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Gaius Flaminius was Roman consul for 187 BC, together with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. Flaminius was the son of Gaius Flaminius, who was killed in the battle of Lake Trasimene. In 210 BC Flaminius served as quaestor of Scipio Africanus in Spain. In 196 BC he was curule aedile.
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Octavius was from the plebeian gens Octavia and was the first member of the gens to be elected consul. His father also had the praenomen Gnaeus and was a praetor in 205 BC who fought in the Second Punic War. His grandfather, Gnaeus Octavius Rufus was quaestor 230 BC.
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4-8 His next office was as a military tribune in Legio V Macedonica. As quaestor, Montanus was assigned his home province of Bithynia et Pontus. Montanus held these posts, as well as the subsequent offices of plebeian tribune and praetor, under Nero, who apparently favored the young senator.
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It is also surmised that Gallus is the father of the orator Lucius Vipstanus Messalla. Gallus' wife had earlier been married to Lucius Aquillius L.f. Regulus, the pontifex and quaestor of Tiberius mentioned in .Paul von Rohden, "Aquilius 34", Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, volume II.1 (1895), col.
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The first step in a political career was election to the Quaestorship,Abbott, 374 although candidates for the Quaestorship had to be at least twenty-four years old. After they served as Quaestor, they had to wait for at least one year before they could seek election to a higher office, which was usually either the Plebeian Tribunate or the Aedileship.Abbott, 375 After this, they had to wait for another year before they could seek election to a higher office, which was typically the Praetorship.Abbott, 375 Members of Patrician (aristocratic) families could seek election to the Praetorship after serving as Quaestor,Abbott, 375 and they did not have to serve as Plebeian Tribune or Aedile before this.
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Condatum's Roman governor Varius Flavus has been embezzling a majority of the local taxes in order to finance a debauched lifestyle of never-ending parties, sending only a pittance to Rome, until Quaestor Vexatius Sinusitus is sent to investigate. Flavus, upon finding the Quaestor will not be easy to corrupt, serves him poisoned food and provides inept doctors making absurd guesses at his ailment. Realizing his life is in danger, Sinusitus sends for the druid Getafix, who instantly identifies the malady as attempted murder by poison. Getafix agrees to brew an antidote for Sinusitus but lacks an essential ingredient: a flower called the "silver star" (edelweiss), and sends Asterix and Obelix to Helvetia (Switzerland) to find it.
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In 205 BC, Cato was appointed Quaestor, and in the next year (204 BC) he entered upon the duties of his place of work, following Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major to Sicily. When Scipio, after much opposition, obtained from the senate permission to transport armed forces from Sicily to Africa, Cato and Gaius Laelius were appointed to escort the baggage ships. Yet there proved not to be the friendliness of cooperation between Cato and Scipio which ought to have existed between a quaestor and his proconsul. Fabius had opposed the permission given to Scipio to carry the attack to the enemy's home, and Cato, whose appointment was intended to monitor Scipio's behavior, adopted the views of his friend.
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Marcus Tullius Cicero After his return to Rome, Cicero's reputation rose very quickly, assisting his elevation to office as a quaestor in 75 BC (the next step on the cursus honorum). Quaestors, 20 of whom were elected annually, dealt with the financial administration at Rome or assisted propraetor and proconsul (both governors) in financial matters in one of the provinces of Rome. Cicero served as quaestor in western Sicily in 75 BC and demonstrated honesty and integrity in his dealings with the inhabitants. As a result, the grateful Sicilians became his clients, and he was asked by them to prosecute Gaius Verres, a governor of Sicily, who had badly plundered their homeland.
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The effort was unsuccessful, but tried again the following year, when Caeso's uncle Titus was quaestor. According to Livy, Volscius was convicted of perjury, and went into exile at Lanuvium, but by this time it appears that Caeso had died, much to his father's grief.Livy, iii. 15, 24, 25, 29.
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In 1997 he was elected to the newly established Senate, and he was Quaestor of the Senate from 1997 to 1999. He returned to the government in January 1999, when he was appointed as Minister of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Small and Medium-Sized Industries, and the Craft Industry., bdpgabon.org .
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Flavius Scaevinus, a praetorian tribune and quaestor, was a member of the Pisonian conspiracy against Nero. It was through his freedman Milichus that Nero discovered the conspiracy. Afterwards, history is silent on the fate of Flavius, with some sources saying he was a consul under Otho, then exiled by Vitellius.
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D. Rawson, 'Religion and Politics in the Late Second Century BC at Rome', Phoenix 28 (1974), pp. 193-212 Crassus served as Quaestor sometime around the year 109 BC.T. Robert. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Volume 1, p.546 He was appointed to the province of Asia Minor.
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It is unclear precisely what titles he held; Broughton suggests that he was one of Caesar's military tribunes in 49, then quaestor in 48; in Syria he may have been Caesar's legate, or perhaps proquaestor pro praetore; in either case he was governor of Syria.Cassius Dio, lxvii. 26–28.Broughton, vol.
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Syme, "Enigmatic Sospes", pp. 38f This period of military service was followed by his election as the quaestor assigned to the province of Creta et Cyrene. Upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Sospes would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p.
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The pursuit of Gaius Gracchus Gaius's political career began in 133 BC when he served with Tiberius's land-commission. In 126 BC, he became a quaestor in the Roman province of Sardinia, where his merits advanced his good reputation. During his quaestorship, he honed his skills in oratory.Plutarch, Gaius Gracchi.
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157 Another similar Roman story in which Valerius writes about compassion is where the Senate sent a quaestor to Alba (in Latium) in 167 BCE. There King Perseus of Macedonia was banished to and had just died there. They wanted to give him honor and provided a state funeral for the king.Walker, p.
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The first official post was that of quaestor. Candidates had to be at least 30 years old. However, men of patrician rank could subtract two years from this and other minimum age requirements. Twenty quaestors served in the financial administration at Rome or as second-in-command to a governor in the provinces.
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Hence, the Codex repetitae praelectionis was published, entirely superseding the edition of 529, the text of which has been lost.Id. In 532 Tribonian was removed as quaestor due to the charges made by his enemies during the Nika riots, but he continued to work on the codification.Honoré, supra note 2 at 48.
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In 94, Agrippa along with his brother Berenicianus entered the Roman Senate. Surviving inscriptions also reveal the career of Agrippa. Agrippa became and served as a Quaestor for the Roman Province of Asia. Before 109, Agrippa served as a Praetorian Guard, before his father reached and served as a consul or suffect consul.
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1916 translation by R. H. Charles. On 13 August Tiberius was already on his deathbed and civilian, military and ecclesiastical dignitaries awaited the appointment of his successor. Tiberius had reportedly prepared a speech on the matter but at this point was too weak to speak. The quaestor sacri palatii read it for him.
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His role as quaestor made him part of the Parliament's leadership under President David Sassoli.EP Quaestors elected, Parliament Bureau complete European Parliament, press release of July 4, 2019. He has also been a member of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs. In 2020, he also joined the Subcommittee on Tax Matters.
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Bachelier joined the Socialist Party in the early 2000s before joining En Marche! during its founding in 2016. In parliament, Bachelier serves as quaestor and is therefore part of the bureau of the Nation Assembly of the 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic. He is also a member of the Defence Committee.
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Meanwhile, Pompey, who was fighting Tigranes the Great in Armenia, sent Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (who was a quaestor) to Syria. Since two of Pompey's lieutenants, Metellus and Lollius, had already taken Damascus, Scaurus proceeded to Judea. The ambassadors of Aristobulus and Hyrcanus asked for his help. Both offered Scaurus bribes and promises.
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Flaccus's strongest legate, sometimes identified as his quaestor (treasurer), was Gaius Flavius Fimbria, a devoted Marian who seized on the discontent to make himself a rival for command. Fimbria's true motives are difficult to discern, and are sometimes considered irrational vehemence. However, he may have felt that Flaccus was too conciliatory toward Sulla.
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Provan was elected as a Quaestor in 1987, a job that gave him responsibility for the Parliament's finance and administration. The same year he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. He published his analysis of the development of the European Community, "The European Community: an ever closer union?", in 1989.
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In 415-416 he was quaestor sacri palatii; in this capacity he received a copy of a law (Codex Theodosianus i.8.1, "De officio quaestoris", 15 October 415) he had promoted. Between 420 and 422 he held the high office of Praetorian prefect of the East, while in 421 he held the consulate.
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611-614 Under the name of Helpidius, the "former quaestor", we have twenty-four strophes of three hexameters each, on scenes from the Old and New Testaments. Sixteen of these scenes correspond to one another, e.g. as type and fulfilment. These verses were probably intended as texts for the decoration of a church.
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Vetus was a descendant of the Plebeian Roman house of the Antistii Veteres. He was probably the son of Gaius Antistius Vetus, propraetor in Hispania Ulterior about 68 BC, under whom Julius Caesar served as quaestor.Syme, pg. 64 Initially a supporter of Caesar, Vetus was appointed Quaestor pro praetore of Syria by Caesar, a position which he held in 45 BC.Broughgton, pg. 307According to Broughton, the position of Quaestor which Vetus was supposed to have held in 61 BC never existed, while the position of Plebeian Tribune in 56 BC, where an Antistius was supposed to have attempted to prosecute Julius Caesar for his actions while Consul, refers to L. Antistius – see The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol III.
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Livy, Periochae, 15.8 One quaestor became the quaestor ostiensis. He was based at Ostia, Rome's port, and was in charge of the grain provisions for the city. Three other quaestors were sent to towns in Italy to raise those parts of the revenue which were not farmed by the publicani (see below) and to control them. Two were sent to Sicily.Cic. pro Murena, 8, pro Sextius Pro Roscio Amerino, 17; In Vatinium, 5 Lucius Cornelius Sulla increased their number to twenty and Julius Caesar to forty.Tacitus, Annals, 11.22Cassius Dio, Roman History, 43.47, 51 The quaestors who were seconded to the proconsuls or propraetors in the provinces most probably performed the same functions as those who accompanied the consuls on their campaigns.
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The new government's policies did not live up to Labbey de Pompières's liberal ideals. He left the majority, refused the post of Quaestor that was offered to him, and ceased to appear in meetings of the Chamber. Labbey de Pompières died in Paris on 14 May 1831. He is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris.
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By his first wife he was the father of Lentulus Marcellinus, Caesar's quaestor put in command of his fortifications at Dyrrhachium in 48 BC. By Scribonia he was father of two children, a boy and a girl.Suetonius, Life of Augustus, 62 The boy was Cornelius Marcellinus.: Libertorum et familiae Scribonae Caes. et Corneli Marcell. f.
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In 1962, he became a professor of history and geography in Villeneuve-la-Garenne. Brunhes was elected to the National Assembly in 1978, representing Hauts-de-Seine's 1st constituency. During his terms, he served as Secretary of the Assembly, Vice-President, and quaestor. Additionally, he chaired the friendship groups between France, Vietnam, and Cambodia.
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Titus Ollius was a quaestor in the reign of the Emperor Tiberius. Ollius' friendship with the infamous imperial palace guardsman Lucius Aelius Sejanus ruined him before gaining public office. Titus Ollius was from Picenum (modern Marche and Abruzzo, Italy) and he was an unknown minor character in imperial politics. Titus Ollius died in 31.
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Statue of Drusus Julius Caesar from Sulcis (Sardinia, Italy). Drusus' first office was that of quaestor in AD 10. Being politically inclined, he was made a permanent member of the Senate committee Augustus had founded in AD 13 to draw up the Senate's daily business. In August of 14 his adoptive grandfather Augustus died.
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Gaius OctaviusNo ancient source uses a cognomen (surname). The surname Rufus had belonged to his ancestor, Gnaeus Octavius, quaestor circa 230 BC. It was occasionally used (but more often ignored) by his descendants. (about 100 – 59 BC) was a Roman politician. He was an ancestor to the Roman Emperors of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
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Rather, he change sides and joined the triumvirs, Augustus and Mark Antony. While in their service he had coins struck, on which he appears with the title of Q. P. that is, Quaestor Propraetore.Eckhel, vol. v. p223 He was rewarded for his treachery with the consulship in 36 BC.Dio Cassius, Roman History, xlix.24.
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237 Geta was appointed as Quaestor and Praetor of Crete and Cyrenaica and became one of the Consuls in 203.Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, p. 203 Geta died around 203 or 204. On his deathbed, Geta stated to Severus that he hated the Praetorian Prefect, Gaius Fulvius Plautianus, and warned him of Plautianus' treachery.
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Pomponius Bassus Terentianus was a member of the second century gens Pomponia. A successful imperial candidate for the post of quaestor provinciae early in his career, he was later appointed either curator rei publicae of Aquinum or Urvinum Mataurense. In around AD 185, Terentianus was possibly the Legatus and Iuridicus of Hispania Citerior.Mennen, pg.
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Valerius Maximus, a member of the third century gens Valeria, was possibly the son of Lucius Valerius Messalla. He began his career serving as the sevir equitum Romanorum at the annual review of the equites. His first political appointment was as the Triumvir Monetalis, followed by a posting as Quaestor in some unknown province.Mennen, pg.
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He was removed from his position as quaestor in 105 or 104 BC for being an opponent of the Senate. He proposed a law to reduce grain prices that received the support of Glaucia. Glaucia was from a patrician family, but he, like Saturninus, was a popularis. Both had the support of Gaius Marius.
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This inscription is a titulus, or text, on a broken, honorific statue-base found in a garden in what was ancient Hypata in Thessaly. It was published by IG in 1908, giving it an inscription code of "IG IX 2 38. It also appear in SIG3 743. The word translated by quaestor is Tamias. "treasurur.
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Now Lucullus must set up a mint and coin money. Finally, made propraetor and sent off to Egypt in the fall of 87, having been quaestor less than a year, he serves as fleet commander until 85. It was impossible for him to have been proquaestor, as stated in all his other honorific inscriptions.
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The Great Books, p. 673 Tiberius, as quaestor, saved the army from destruction by signing a peace treaty with the Numantines, an action generally reserved for a Legate.The Great Books, p. 674 In the negotiations, Tiberius recalled the exploits of his father Tiberius, who had also waged war in Spain but had struck a peace agreement with the Numantines.
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In early life he became devoted to literature. In 369 he met Ausonius; their friendship proved mutually beneficial.Trout, Dennis E., Paulinus of Nola: Life, Letters, and Poems, University of California Press, 1999, p. 33 Having discharged the functions of quaestor and praetor, he was appointed Corrector of Lucania and the Bruttii in 365;Cod. Theod. VIII.
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Nero had served as a quaestor to Julius Caesar in 48 BC, commanding his fleet in the Alexandrian War. Having achieved victory over the Egyptian navy, he was rewarded with a priesthood. Julius Caesar had sent Nero to create Roman colonies in Gaul and in other provinces. Despite his service with Julius Caesar, Nero was an Optimate at heart.
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Eburnus may have been a monetalis around 134 BC. T.R.S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (American Philological Association, 1952), vol. 2, p. 563, citing Mommsen. He was most likely the Quintus Fabius Maximus who was quaestor in 132, serving in Sicily under his father-in-law Publius Rupilius, who was a consul that year.
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Government positions such as quaestor, aedile, or praefect were funded by the office-holder. To prevent any citizen from gaining too much power, new magistrates were elected annually and had to share power with a colleague. For example, under normal conditions, the highest authority was held by two consuls. In an emergency, a temporary dictator could be appointed.
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Joseph Badiabio is a Congolese politician. A member of the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development (MCDDI), he has been a Deputy in the National Assembly of Congo-Brazzaville since 2007. He served for a time as President of the MCDDI Parliamentary Group, and since 2012 he has been Second Quaestor of the National Assembly.
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After thirty years of this work Ausonius was summoned by emperor Valentinian I to teach his son, Gratian, the heir-apparent. When Valentinian took Gratian on the German campaigns of 368–9, Ausonius accompanied them. Ausonius was able to turn literary skill into political capital. In recognition of his services emperor Valentinian bestowed on Ausonius the rank of quaestor.
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From January 2001 to November 2003 Colonel Sandu served as General Inspector of Romanian Police. Following this appointment, he was promoted to brigadier general, which later turned in the function of Quaestor. Sandu led the General Inspectorate of Police, pursuing corruption and fraud investigations against some businessmen. He requested the extradition of former President Bankcoop Alexander Dinulescu.
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Neither men dismissed their armies. Both were candidates for the consulship. Crassus had been praetor as the law of Sulla required. Pompey had been neither praetor nor quaestor, and was only thirty-four years old, but he had promised the plebeian tribunes to restore much of their power that had been taken away by Sulla's constitutional reforms.
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BBC News, August 28, 2018. Following the 2017 presidential election, he served as adviser to Philippe in his capacity as Prime Minister.Rym Momtaz (March 26, 2019), Macron’s party unveils EU election list, with Loiseau in lead Politico Europe. Since the 2019 European Parliament election, Boyer has been a quaestor of the European Parliament for two and a half years.
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The gens Barbatia was a Roman family during the first century BC. It may have originated with Marcus Barbatius Philippus, a runaway slave who became a friend of Caesar, and subsequently obtained the praetorship under Marcus Antonius. In 40 BC, he was quaestor propraetore under Antonius.Marcus Tullius Cicero, Philippicae, xiii. 2.Appianus, Bellum Civile, v. 31.
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The earliest offices Fundanus held are known from an inscription recovered from Baloie (modern Šipovo) in Bosnia.ILJug-03, 1627 The first office listed is military tribune with Legio XII Fulminata. Next is quaestor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p.
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Augustus bestowed many honors on his stepsons. In 19 BC, Drusus was granted the ability to hold all public offices five years before the minimum age. When Tiberius left Italy during his term as praetor in 16 BC, Drusus legislated in his place. He became quaestor the following year, fighting against Raetian bandits in the Alps.
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She nursed him through a period of ill-health that lasted up to ten years. In 31 AD he returned to Rome with his aunt, his uncle dying en route in a shipwreck. His aunt's influence helped Seneca be elected quaestor (probably after 37 AD), which also earned him the right to sit in the Roman Senate.
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When Sulla arrived with the main army, Lucullus served him as a quaestor again; he minted money that was used during the war against Mithridates in southern Greece (87-86 BC). The money Lucullus minted, as per Roman custom, bore his name: the so called Lucullea.Lee Fratantuono, Lucullus, p. 20; Plutarch, Life of Lucullus, II. 1-2.
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However, the family entered into the senatorial ranks with the elder Octavius as its novus homo. The elder Octavius' entrance into the Senate came when he was appointed Quaestor in 69 BC. In 61 BC the elder Octavius was elected Praetor. Following his praetorship, he would serve for two years as governor of Macedonia.Suetonius, Augustus 1–4.
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Around 70 BC, Octavius was elected quaestor. In 61 BC, he was elected praetor. In 60 BC, after his term as praetor had ended, he was appointed propraetor, and was to serve as governor (praefectus pro praetor) of Macedonia. However, before he left for Macedonia, the senate sent him to put down a slave rebellion in Thurii.
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61-79; "Q. Hortensius, unworthy son of the great orator, who seems to have been quaestor in 51. He later embraced the cause of Caesar, obtaining the praetorship as a reward." in Erich S. Gruen, The last generation of the Roman Republic, 1995, p.194; see also genealogical considerations in Joseph Geiger, M. Hortensius M. f.
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In 91 BC, he was elected quaestor and served in Cisalpine Gaul, where he was in charge of recruiting and training legionaries for the Social War. During the war he sustained a wound that cost him the use of one of his eyes.Philip Matyszak, Sertorius and the struggle for Spain, p. 22; Plutarch, Life of Sertorius, 8.
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Marcus Aper was a Roman orator and a native of Gaul, who rose by his eloquence to the rank of Quaestor, Tribune, and Praetor, successively. He is introduced as one of the speakers in the Dialogus de oratoribus, attributed to Tacitus, defending the style of oratory prevalent in his day against those who advocated the ancient form.
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Pompeius had no children with Antonia. After Pompeius died his remains were interred in the tomb of the Licinii Calpurnii located on the Via Salaria. Engraved on the urn of Pompeius is this text: :"[Here lies] Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, son of Crassus, pontiff, quaestor of the Emperor Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, his father-in-law".
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Patricius (Patrikios) was a fifth-century Roman jurist who taught in the ancient Law School of Berytus (present-day Beirut). Patricius was of the seven revered "Ecumenical Masters" () and occupied the position of Quaestor of the Sacred Palace in the East, a senior legal office in the late Roman Empire, from the middle to the late fifth century.
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Marcella bore him a son called Paullus Aemilius Regulus. Regulus served as a quaestor during the rule of the Roman emperor Tiberius who reigned from 14 until 37.ILS 949 Some scholars have tried to reverse the order of her husbands, but find difficulty if they delay Marcella's first marriage (as alleged) until 15 BC when she was 25.
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433 Nikephoros studied rhetoric and philosophy under the future Patriarch of Constantinople Gregory of Cyprus,Angelov (2007), p. 59 and upon conclusion of his studies entered the imperial bureaucracy. He makes his first appearance in history in ca. 1275, with the lowly rank of quaestor, as head of an embassy to the Mongol Ilkhanid ruler of Persia, Abaqa Khan.
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One might guess that just plain Quaestor would cover it. To demand of all the Quaestors that they be certified as such by the Senate seems unreasonable for the need. Ex-Quaestors would do just as well, or other ranks acting pro Quaestore. Sulla in fact found it necessary as Dictator to increase the number of Quaestors per Consul.
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Possibly of Patrician status, he began his career as a Triumvir Monetalis before gaining some military experience as sevir equitum Romanorum turmae primae (or commander of the first cavalry unit). This was followed by his posting as curator of Carthage. Then, around AD 199, he was an imperial candidate of Septimius Severus for the position of Quaestor.
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Serving as one of the tresviri monetales was usually reserved either for members of the patrician class or young men favored by the emperor; that Saturninus was one of the Patricians is confirmed by his membership in the salius Palatinus. Although this office is not mentioned, as a Patrician Saturninus would have been guaranteed that as quaestor he would have been assigned to assist the emperor, and as quaestor Saturninus' duties would have included reading the emperor's speeches to the Senate.Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), p. 13 Another detail that can be inferred from his status as a Patrician is that if he acceded to consul anno suo, or at the legal age of 32, as many Patricians did, Saturninus most likely was born around the year 60.
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The inscription from Tibur provides the details of a likely patrician career, although some offices are presented out of order. Vopiscus began his career in his teenage years as one of the tresviri monetalis, which was the most prestigious of the four boards comprising the vigintiviri it was usually held either by patricians or favored plebeiansAnthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 4f about the same time he was admitted into the Salii Collinus. According to the order of the inscription, Vopiscus was a military tribune in Legio IV Scythica before he was a quaestor in attendance to the emperor Trajan; this order is unusual, for, by this point in history, serving as a military tribune almost always came after the office of quaestor.
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Following the death of his brother Tiberius Gracchus, Gaius Gracchus stayed out of the political spotlight for a period until he was forced to defend a good friend of his named Vettius in court. Hearing his vocal abilities, the Senate began to fear that Gaius would arouse the people in the same manner as his brother and appointed him quaestor to Gnaeus Aufidius Orestes in Sardinia to prevent him from becoming a tribune. Gaius used his position as quaestor to successfully defeat his enemies as well as gain a large amount of loyalty among his troops. Following an incident where Gaius won the support of a local village to provide for his troops, the Senate attempted to keep Gaius in Sardinia indefinitely by reappointing Orestes to stay in Sardinia.
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All six legions voted for it, except the general staff, who promptly left the camp for Rome, with one exception: one quaestor who joined the movement. He is most likely to have been Sulla's quaestor, as there were only two quaestors. There would have been considerable bonding from the event, so that if he were not Lucullus, history would have to assume that after 88 Sulla dumped his closest friend and ally either in favor of an unknown proquaestor, and that the latter was dumped also, or in favor of one of the quaestors of 87 BC, one of whom must then have been Lucullus, who would have had to have deserted his elected consul. App. is Appian, BC is Bella Civilia, 1, 57 refers to Book I, Chapter 57.
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De agris publicis imperatoriisque ab Augusti tempore usque ad finem imperii romani, Paris 1887. Le sénat romain depuis Dioclétien à Rome et à Constantinople, Paris 1888. 238 articles in "Dictionnaire des Antiquités grecques et romaines". The most notables are: Eisphora, Epikleros, Eupatrides, Helotae, Phratria, Phylë, Prytaneia, Trapezitai, Gens, Hospitium, Latifundia, Lictor, Manumissio, Patricii, Patrimonium, Plebs, Praetor, Quaestor, Senatus, Tribuni plebis, and Vicarius.
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Probably under the influence of Munatius Plancus, his nephew Titius soon became a follower of Mark Antony.Cassius Dio, Roman History 49.18.2 In 36 BC Titius took part as Quaestor in Antony's campaign against Parthia. After the Romans tried in vain to capture Phraaspa, the capital of Media Atropatene, they withdrew to Armenia, but on their way they were harassed by the Parthian army.
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The next morning Caesar assembled his allied troops in front of the second camp and advanced his legions in triplex acies (three lines of troops) towards Ariovistus. Each of Caesar’s five legates and his quaestor were given command of a legion. Caesar lined up on the right flank.Goldsworthy, Caesar, 279–280 Ariovistus countered by lining up his seven tribal formations.
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Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen (Bonn: Habelt Verlag, 1977), p. 277 At this point Crispinus became a quaestor, and was assigned to assist in the administration of the province of Macedonia. This was followed by the traditional Republican offices of plebeian tribune and praetor; the last is dated around the year 135 at the latest.Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand, p.
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They could also serve as the paymaster for a legion. A young man who obtained this job was expected to become a very important official. An additional task of all quaestors was the supervision of public games. As a quaestor, an official was allowed to wear the toga praetexta, but was not escorted by lictors, nor did he possess imperium.
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However, his attempts to reproduce mechanical clocks, gunpowder and cannons are failures. He becomes increasingly involved in the politics of the state as Italy is invaded by the Imperials and also threatened from the south and east. Padway rescues the recently deposed Thiudahad and becomes his quaestor. He uses the king's support to gather forces to defeat the formidable Imperial general Belisarius.
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He was restored to his post as quaestor in 535 and continued in that position until his death.Honoré, supra note 5. Tribonian continued to help draft new laws for Justinian; these new laws (Novellae Constitutiones) were later combined with the Codex Justinianus, the Digest and the Institutes to comprise the Corpus Juris Civilis. Tribonian died in 542 of a disease, perhaps the plague.
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Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus was a political figure in the Roman Republic, serving as consular tribune in 438 BC and dictator three times in 437, 434, and 426 BC. Prior to gaining the imperium Aemilius was, in 446 BC, elected Quaestor together with Lucius Valerius Potitus. They were, according to Tacitus, the first elected quaestors of the Republic.Tacitus, Annals, xi. 22Broughton, vol i, pp.
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Calvinus then served as quaestor in Africa. Later, he was the emperor Hadrian's candidate for the other traditional Roman magistracies of plebeian tribune and praetor; this dates the last prior to Hadrian's death in 138. As ex-praetor, Calvinus was appointed legatus or commander of Legio III Gallica, also stationed in Syria, which Alföldy dates to around 138.Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand, p.
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Vitellius was born at Nuceria Apulorum, perhaps the son of the Quintus Vitellius who was a quaestor under Augustus.Suetonius, "The Life of Vitellius", 1. His sister, Vitellia, married Aulus Plautius, consul suffectus in 1 BC. He had four sons: Lucius, the father of the emperor, had a distinguished military career, and was consul in AD 34.Suetonius, "The Life of Vitellius", 2, 3.
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In the Roman Republic, a law was passed imposing a limit of a single term on the office of censor. The annual magistrates—tribune of the plebs, aedile, quaestor, praetor, and consul—were forbidden reelection until a number of years had passed.Robert Struble Jr., Treatise on Twelve Lights, chapter six, part II, "Rotation in History." (see cursus honorum, Constitution of the Roman Republic).
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After suffering pestilence and famine, most of the surviving Numantines committed suicide rather than surrender to Rome. The decisive Roman victory over Numantia ushered in an era of lasting peace in Hispania until the Sertorian War over half a century later. This war also launched the careers of several important figures. Tiberius Gracchus was present as a quaestor during Mancinus's failed siege.
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Syme, pg. 95 but had not been a magistrate, and the son was considered a novus homo ("new man"), one of several in Caesar's circle.Syme, pg. 94 He served as quaestor around 60 BC,Broughton, pg. 184 during which he attempted to prevent the adoption of Publius Clodius Pulcher into a plebeian family, against the wishes of the triumvirs.Smith, pg.
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In 138 he was adopted by Antoninus Pius, himself the adopted heir of Emperor Hadrian. Hadrian died later that year and was succeeded by Antoninus. Among Marcus' tutors were the orators Marcus Cornelius Fronto and Herodes Atticus. Marcus held the consulship jointly with Antoninus in 140, then he was quaestor, then he and Antoninus were consuls again for the year 145.
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Antoninus Pius, sculpture of c.250 AD, Albertinum, Dresden Having filled the offices of quaestor and praetor with more than usual success,Traver, Andrew G., From polis to empire, the ancient world, c. 800 B.C. – A.D. 500, (2002) p. 33; Historia Augusta, Life of Antoninus Pius 2:9 he obtained the consulship in 120 having as his colleague Lucius Catilius Severus.
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John Leach, Pompey the Great, p. 45. Gaius Memmius, his brother-in-law, who was already serving in Spain under Metellus, was transferred to his command and served him as a quaestor. On his way to Hispania, he opened a new route through the Alps and subdued tribes that had rebelled in Gallia Narbonensis.Sallust, Histories 2.82; Cicero, Pro lege Manilia, 30.
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As quaestor, Marcus would have had little real administrative work to do. He would read imperial letters to the senate when Antoninus was absent, and would do secretarial work for the senators.Birley, Marcus Aurelius, pp. 57–58. But he felt drowned in paperwork, and complained to his tutor, Marcus Cornelius Fronto: 'I am so out of breath from dictating nearly thirty letters'.
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A sestertius of Domitian. Caption: IMP. CAES. DOMIT. AVG. GERM. CO[N]S. IV, CENS. PERP. P. / IOVI VICTORI. The political career of Vespasian included the offices of quaestor, aedile, and praetor, and culminated in a consulship in 51, the year of Domitian's birth. As a military commander, Vespasian gained early renown by participating in the Roman invasion of Britain in 43.
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Curtius Rufus served as Consul Suffectus at 43 AD under the emperor Claudius. He must have written the Histories in the year or two before the consulship. Tacitus says that he was on the staff of the Quaestor of Africa during that time, which would have given him the opportunity to use the Library of Alexandria.Annales, Book XI, Section 21.
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Minucius Acilianus (fl. late 1st century AD, early 2nd century AD) was born in Brixia, and was the son of Minucius Macrinus, who was enrolled by Vespasian among those of praetorian rank. Like his father, he was also a friend of Pliny the Younger. Acilianus was successively quaestor, tribune, and praetor, and at his death left Pliny part of his property.
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Quaestor derives from the Latin verb ', ', meaning "to inquire". The job title has traditionally been understood as deriving from the original investigative function of the '. Ancient authors, perhaps influenced by etymology, reasoned that the investigative role of the ' had evolved to include financial matters, giving rise to the similarly-named later offices. However, this connection has been questioned by modern scholars.
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Alföldy and Halfmann, "M. Cornelius Nigrinus Curiatius Maternus, General Domitians und Rivale", Chiron, 3 (1973), pp. 331–373 An anomaly in the career of Aulus Larcius Priscus, suffect consul in 110, supports Maternus' identification. At the time, Priscus, who had been quaestor of Asia, then military tribune of Legio IV Scythica based in Syria, was appointed to the governorship of Syria.
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Faustus Sulla was Quaestor in 54 BC. The senate commissioned him to rebuild the Curia Hostilia in 52 BC which had been burned down after the riots which followed the murder of Clodius.Cassius Dio 40.50.2. After that the Curia was known as the Curia Cornelia. His career as an advocate was cut short, however, by the civil war between Pompey and Julius Caesar.
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C. Sallustius Crispus, more commonly known as Sallust, was a Roman historian of the 1st century BC, born c. 86 BC in the Sabine community of Amiternum. There is some evidence that Sallust's family belonged to a local aristocracy, but we do know that he did not belong to Rome's ruling class. Thus he embarked on a political career as a "novus homo", serving as a military tribune in the 60s BC, quaestor from 55 to 54 BC, and tribune of the plebs in 52 BC. Sallust was expelled from the senate in 50 BC on moral grounds, but quickly revived his career by attaching himself to Julius Caesar. He served as quaestor again in 48 BC, as praetor in 46 BC, and governed the new province in the former Numidian territory until 44 BC., making his fortune in the process.
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Sarah Smeyers (born 8 October 1980 in Aalst, East Flanders) is a Belgian politician and is affiliated to the N-VA. She was elected as a member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives in 2007 and reelected in 2010.Chamber of Representatives: cv Sarah Smeyers (Dutch) On 20 July 2010 she was elected as First Quaestor of the Chamber, responsible for the Chamber Budget.
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The Quaestor of Turin ordered him put in the mental hospital, in the hope that he would recover his memory. The man was well behaved and calm, and exhibited to the staff signs of some education. They diagnosed a "mental block" that prevented him from remembering his history and identity. The man was classified as Inconnu ("unknown", much like a John Doe), and given the number 44170.
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80, in Mogontiacum (modern Mainz). Next he held the office of quaestor (c. 83/84), and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Priscus would be enrolled in the Senate. The two other magistracies followed: plebeian tribune (c. 85/86) and praetor (c. 88/89); usually a senator would govern either a public or imperial praetorian province before becoming a consul, but none is known for Priscus.
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Detail from the Great Cameo of France depicting Livia (left), Drusus (center), and Agrippina the Elder (right). The death of the Younger Drusus left no immediate threat to Sejanus. Ultimately, his death elevated Drusus and Nero to the position of heirs. Drusus received the toga virilis and was promised the rank of quaestor five years before the legal age, just as his brother Nero had been given.
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Florin Sandu (Romanian pronunciation: flo'rin san'du, born February 24, 1949) is a former judoka and a former chief of the Romanian Police. He is a Quaestor who served as inspector general of Romanian Police and then as Secretary of State, the First Deputy of the Minister in Ministry of Interior from Romania. Sandu is currently a professor at Romanian-American University and a lawyer.
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Marius was elected, and then returned to Numidia to take control of the war. He sent his Quaestor Lucius Cornelius Sulla to neighbouring Mauretania in order to eliminate their support for Jugurtha. With the help of Bocchus I of Mauretania, Sulla captured Jugurtha and brought the war to a conclusive end. Jugurtha was brought to Rome in chains and was placed in the Tullianum.
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Jones (1992), p. 11 He never remarried. Titus appears to have had multiple daughters, at least one of them by Marcia Furnilla.Jones (1992), p. 38 The only one known to have survived to adulthood was Julia Flavia, perhaps Titus's child by Arrecina, whose mother was also named Julia. During this period Titus also practiced law and attained the rank of quaestor.; with Jones and Milns, p.
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As quaestor, Marcus Aurelius would have had little real administrative work to do. He would read imperial letters to the senate when Pius was absent and would do secretarial work for the senators. His duties as consul were more significant: one of two senior representatives of the senate, he would preside over meetings and take a major role in the body's administrative functions.Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 57–58.
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Administration et prosopographie sénatoriale (Rome: École Française de Rome, 1974), p. 210 His next posting was as quaestor to the proconsular governor of Africa, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Modestinus was enrolled in the Senate. Two more of the traditional Republican magistracies followed: plebeian tribune and praetor. Once he completed his term as praetor, Modestinus was qualified to hold several important offices.
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Milo was a strong candidate for he had won popular support through largesse and the promotion of extravagant games, and he enjoyed the support of the Optimates. Pompey, however, gave his support to Milo's opponents. Plautius was an old quaestor of his and Scipio was his father-in-law. Meanwhile, Clodius feared he would achieve little as praetor if Milo were to become consul.
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Renaat Julien Landuyt (born 28 January 1959) is a Belgian socialist politician. He is a member of the SP.A. Renaat Landuyt became a licentiate in law in 1982 and has been an attorney since then. He was first elected to the Belgian House of Representatives in 1991, where he served until 1999. From 1995 to 1999 he served as a quaestor of the House.
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1, p. 171 Cicero reports that Drusus was a principled and conscientious youth.Cicero, De Officiis 1.30 When serving as quaestor in Asia Minor, he conspicuously refused to wear his official insignia as a sign of respect.Pseudo-Aurelius Victor, De Viris Illustribus 66 After the death of his father, Drusus inherited vast amounts of wealth, with which he paid for grand gladiatorial shows during his aedileship.
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During the civil war, he served under Julius Caesar, by whom he was entrusted with several important missions. He also took part in the Alexandrian and Spanish wars. He was rewarded for his services by being admitted into the college of pontiffs. In 43 BC he was quaestor to Asinius Pollio in Further Spain (Hispania Ulterior), where he amassed a large fortune by plundering the inhabitants.
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He was also a substituent member of the Fisheries Committee. Higgins's other duties included membership of the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary Committee, the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly and he was a substitute member of the Delegation for Relations with Japan. He was one of five MEPs to hold the position of Quaestor. He was elected by other parliamentarians in the European Parliament to this position.
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Whatever quaestor he was, Curtius performed impressively, according to Tiberius. After an unspecified time he stood for Praetor, the next office below Consul. Tacitus says that he competed with "noble" (nobilis) candidates, but the emperor's vote was for him. The electoral body was probably the usual, the Centuriate Assembly, which, like all other institutions of government under the empire, received its direction from the emperor.
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While serving as quaestor in Hispania, Caesar once visited a statue of Alexander the Great. Upon viewing this statue, Suetonius reports that Caesar fell to his knees, weeping. When asked what was wrong, Caesar sighed, and said that by the time Alexander was his (Caesar's) age, Alexander had conquered the whole world. Suetonius describes Caesar's gift at winning the loyalty and admiration of his soldiers.
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Between 2010 and 2012, she served as Vice Chairwoman of the Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality. In addition to her committee assignments, she was a member of the Parliament's delegation for relations with India. She previously served on the delegations with the United States from 2009 to 2014. Following the 2014 European elections, Morin-Chartier was elected as quaestor of the European Parliament for two and a half years.
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The work is addressed and dedicated to a certain Rutilius (perhaps Rutilius Namatianus), a vir illustris of the highest senatorial rank and holder of imperial appointments as governor of Tuscany, vicar of Britain, Imperial Treasurer (comes sacrarum largitionum), Senior Legal Counsel (quaestor) to the emperor, and urban prefect of Rome in the years up to 414. He was of higher social standing than the author.Ranstrand p. 3, 1 Rutili venerande, p.
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Syme interprets Ovid's poems to indicate Rufinus had been active in the Batonian War, which transpired from AD 6 to the year 9. If so, his role in that conflict is unclear: in different papers Syme speculated that Rufinus had been a military tribune,Syme, "Vibius Rufus and Vibius Rufinus", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 43 (1981), p. 375 a quaestor or a legate of quaestorian rank.Syme, History in Ovid, p.
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Possibly of Spanish originSivan, pg. 211 Claudius Antonius was a career bureaucrat and a Christian.Cameron, Alan, The Last Pagans of Rome (2010), pg. 372 Around the year AD 370, Claudius Antonius was the Magister Scrinii, one of the imperial secretaries, for the emperor Valentinian I. By AD 373, Antonius was serving as the quaestor sacri palatii, where his tasks included drafting imperial speeches for Valentinian for addressing the Senate.
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After serving either as quaestor or as aedile, a man of 39 years could run for praetor. The number of praetors elected varied through history, generally increasing with time. During the republic, six or eight were generally elected each year to serve judicial functions throughout Rome and other governmental responsibilities. In the absence of the consuls, a praetor would be given command of the garrison in Rome or in Italy.
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HA Marcus 6.2; Verus 2.3–4; Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 53–54. As a prince and future emperor, Verus received careful education from the famous grammaticus Marcus Cornelius Fronto. He was reported to have been an excellent student, fond of writing poetry and delivering speeches. Verus started his political career as a quaestor in 153, became consul in 154, and in 161 was consul again with Marcus Aurelius as his senior partner.
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Flavius Liberalis was a Roman of the 1st century and was a man of equestrian rank, who came from Ferentium (modern Ferento), a country town in Italy. This man of humble origins was a quaestor and later a law clerk. Liberalis had his daughter Flavia Domitilla appear before a board of arbitration to prove her claim for Roman Citizenship, instead of a Latin one. She later married the future Emperor Vespasian.
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Tacitus, Histories, IV.42 Paul von Rohden suggests his father might be identified with Lucius Aquillius L.f. Regulus, the pontifex and quaestor of Tiberius mentioned in .von Rohden, "Aquilius 34", Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, volume II.1 (1895), col. 331 Tacitus also identifies Lucius Vipstanus Messalla as his half-brother,Tacitus, Dialogus de oratoribus, 15.1 and it is generally assumed they shared the same mother; she has not been identified.
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Gallicus' first known post was as military tribune of Legio XIII Gemina, which he is attested as holding in 52. = ILS 9499 This was followed by the Republican magistracies of quaestor and curule aedile. He then served again in the military as the legatus, or commander, of Legio XV Apollinaris during the reign of the emperor Claudius. During Gallicus' term as legatus the legion was stationed in Pannonia.
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The first appearance of Persicus is in June of the year 15, when he was co-opted into the Arval Brethren aged c. 15 to replace his then recently deceased father. Around the same time, he was also made a member of the College of Pontiffs and of the Sodales Augustales. He subsequently held the posts of quaestor under Tiberius and praetor, though the details of these posts are unknown.
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She left the party in 2011. Since joining the National Assembly, Rossi has been serving as quaestor and therefore part of the Assembly's Bureau in the 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic, under the leadership of president Richard Ferrand. She also serves on the Committee on Sustainable Development and Spatial Planning. In addition to her committee assignments, she is part of the French-Egyptian Parliamentary Friendship Group.
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In AD 4, he assumed the name Julius Caesar following his father's adoption into the Julii by Augustus, and became Drusus Julius Caesar. Drusus first entered politics with the office of quaestor in AD 10. His political career mirrored that of Germanicus, and he assumed all his offices at the same age as him. Following the model of Augustus, it was intended that the two would rule together.
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He had been a protégé of Tiberius.. He must have written the Histories in the year or two before the consulship. Tacitus says that he was on the staff of the Quaestor of Africa during that time, which would have given him the opportunity to use the Library of Alexandria.Annales, Book XI, Section 21. Tiberius had died in 37; Caligula was emperor then. Curtius’ relations with Caligula are not mentioned.
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Tiberius still trusted Sejanus and had no suspicion. Since Gemellus was too young, Tiberius adopted his grandchildren by Germanicus, Nero and Drusus, and recommended them to the Senate.Suetonius, The Lives of Twelve Caesars, Life of Tiberius 54.1-2 Nero was given the office of quaestor five years in advance and was married to Gemellus' sister Livia to combine the families of both possible successors. However, neither would live to succeed Tiberius.
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Thierry Solère French National Assembly. From June until November 2017, Solère briefly served as a quaestor and was therefore part of the parliament's Bureau in the 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic, under the leadership of president François de Rugy. He resigned from this positionOlivier Beaumontet and Nathalie Schuck (November 29, 2017), Thierry Solère, l'homme qui marche... pour lui Le Parisien. when he joined LREM in November 2017.
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The Novellae Constitutiones ("new constitutions"; , ), or Justinian's Novels, are now considered one of the four major units of Roman law initiated by Roman Emperor Justinian I in the course of his long reign (AD 527–565). The other three pieces are: the Codex Justinianus, the Digest, and the Institutes. Justinian's quaestor Tribonian was primarily responsible for compiling these last three. Together, the four parts are known as the Corpus Juris Civilis.
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A member of the gens Anicia, he was the son of Sextus Claudius Petronius Probus. (consul in 371) and of Anicia Faltonia Proba;. his elder brothers were Anicius Hermogenianus Olybrius and Anicius Probinus (consuls in 395), and his sister was Anicia Proba.Jerome, Letters, 130.7 In 395, he is attested as quaestor elected by the Emperor, and in 406 was consul contemporaneously with the Eastern Emperor Arcadius;Zosimus, VI.3.1.
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Gaius Lutatius Catulus (Latin: C·LVTATIVS·C·F·CATVLVS) was a Roman statesman and naval commander in the First Punic War. He was born a member of the plebeian gens Lutatius. His cognomen "Catulus" means "puppy". There are no historical records of his life prior to consulship, but his career probably followed the standard cursus honorum, beginning with service in the cavalry and continuing with the positions of military tribune and quaestor.
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Only with reluctance did he move from his mother's house on the Caelian to Hadrian's private home.HA Marcus 5.3; Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 49. At some time in 138, Hadrian requested in the senate that Marcus Aurelius be exempt from the law barring him from becoming quaestor before his twenty-fourth birthday. The senate complied, and Marcus Aurelius served under Antoninus, consul for 139.Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 49–50.
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Marcus Appuleius is postulated to have been the son of Sextus Appuleius and Octavia the Elder, therefore making him related to the emperor Augustus through his grandfather Gaius Octavius.Syme, p. 37 For many years associated with the quaestor of Asia in 45 BC who joined Marcus Junius Brutus after the assassination of Julius Caesar, this is now held to have been his uncle of the same name.Broughton, p.
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Only with reluctance did he move from his mother's house on the Caelian to Hadrian's private home.HA Marcus v. 3; Birley, Marcus Aurelius, p. 49. At some time in 138, Hadrian requested in the senate that Marcus be exempt from the law barring him from becoming quaestor before his twenty-fourth birthday. The senate complied, and Marcus served under Antoninus, the consul for 139.Birley, Marcus Aurelius, pp. 49–50.
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Roma As quaestor (104 BC) he superintended the imports of grain at Ostia, but was removed by the Roman Senate (an unusual proceeding), and replaced by Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, one of the chief members of the Optimates. He does not appear to have been charged with incapacity or mismanagement, and the standard view is that the injustice of his dismissal drove him into the arms of the Populares.
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The gens Acilia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, that flourished from the middle of the third century BC until at least the fifth century AD, a period of seven hundred years. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Gaius Acilius Glabrio, who was quaestor in 203 and tribune of the plebs in 197 BC.Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. I, p. 13 ("Acilia Gens").
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Marcus Caecilius Metellus was a son of Lucius Caecilius Metellus. He was deported after the defeat of Cannae, before Hannibal, in 216 BC, for having conspired with other officers to transfer themselves along with their troops to another place. Their commander, Lucius Aemilius Paullus, prevented this from taking place. Metellus was eventually rehabilitated, and reconducted to Rome, where he was elected Quaestor in 214 and Tribune of the Plebeians in 213.
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Orfitus came from a noble family, and started his career at a relatively young age. He held a posts of quaestor and praetor before becoming consularis of Sicilia under Constantius II and Constans (340/350). He supported Constantius in a war against Magnentius and was appointed to the office of proconsul of Africa after Constantius got control over it. In 353-355 he was praefectus urbi, succeeding Neratius Cerealis.
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The central portion was used as a parade ground and headquarters area. The "headquarters" building was called the praetorium because it housed the praetor or base commander ("first officer"), and his staff. In the camp of a full legion he held the rank of consul or proconsul but officers of lesser ranks might command. On one side of the praetorium was the quaestorium, the building of the quaestor (supply officer).
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In 101 BC, Norbanus served as quaestor under Marcus Antonius, grandfather of the triumvir Mark Antony, in his campaign against the pirates in Cilicia.Broughton III, pg. 149 In 94 BC, Norbanus was accused of minuta maiestas (treason) under the Lex Appuleia by Publius Sulpicius Rufus on account of the disturbances that had taken place at the trial of Caepio, but the eloquence of Marcus Antonius secured his acquittal.Broughton I, pg.
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Following this Fabianus held the typical series of republican magistracies: quaestor, assigned to the city of Rome; then plebeian tribune; and praetor. After completing his duties as praetor, he was appointed curator of the Via Latina (c. 132-c. 135), then legatus or commander of Legio X Fretensis stationed in Judea (c. 135-c. 138), and finally governor of the imperial province of Dacia from 138 to 141.
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Titus Prifernius Geminus (full name Titus Prifernius Paetus Rosianus Geminus) was a Roman senator who lived in the second century. He is best known as a friend and correspondent of Pliny the Younger, who addresses him as Geminus; he served as quaestor to Pliny for the latter's consulship in AD 100,Pliny, Epistolae, X.26.1 and five letters Pliny wrote to Geminus have survived.Pliny, Epistolae, VII.1, 24; VIII.
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The Romans attacked with renewed vigor and the second legion fought their way out of the camp. At the same time, the Boii broke through the quaestorian gate and killed the quaestor along with three allied prefects and 200 men. A special cohort sent by Sempronius restored the situation and drove out the Gauls. The fourth legion crushed its Boii opponents as well and the battle shifted to outside the camp.
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313 His father, Sextus Quinctilius Varus, was a senator who had served as a quaestor in 49 BC. This Sextus aligned with the Senatorial Party in the civil war against Julius Caesar.Caesar Commentarii de Bello Civili 1.23, 2.28.1 Although Sextus survived the defeat, it is unknown whether he was involved in the assassination of Gaius Julius Caesar. Sextus committed suicide after the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC.Velleius Paterculus, 2.71.2.
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The dictatorship of Sulla changed the number of Quaestors allowed per Consul, but he would not be Dictator until 82 BC. The latter term had already been in use at Rome for other purposes. Etymologically it means "he who inquires", (cognate with the English word "inquire"). A quaestor was "he who inquires after ways and means", which at Rome meant primarily treasurer, and out of Rome, Supply Officer.
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Aulus Caecina Alienus, Roman general, was born in Vicetia (modern Vicenza). He was quaestor of Hispania Baetica (southern Iberia) in AD 68. On the death of Nero, he attached himself to Galba, who appointed him to the command of Legio IV Macedonica at Mogontiacum in Germania Superior (Upper Germany). Having been prosecuted for embezzling public money, Caecina went over to Vitellius, who sent him with a large army into Italy.
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His cursus honorum can be reconstructed from an inscription.IGRR I.622 While still an equestrian, Longinus was prefect, or commander, of an unspecified ala; his adlection followed this. He advanced through the traditional Republican magistracies: quaestor, aedile, and praetor. After stepping down from the last magistracy, Longinus was commissioned legatus or commander of Legio I Adiutrix, stationed on the Danube frontier; Géza Alföldy dates his command from around 143 to the year 146.
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Caeso Fabius Ambustus was a four-time consular tribune of the Roman Republic around the turn of the 5th and 4th centuries BC. Caeso was quaestor in 409 BC, the first year the office was opened to the plebs, and three of his colleagues were plebeians.Livy, Ab Urbe Condita iv. 54 Caeso was consular tribune for the first time in 404,Livy, iv. 61Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca historica xiv. 19. 1 again in 401,Livy, v.
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He was apparently considered more "acceptable to the people". Soon after, however, he joined Mundus in his attack on the Hippodrome of Constantinople that crushed the revolt.. . Basilides likely held his position as quaestor for a couple years at most, for Tribonian was reinstated in late 534 or early 535. A later narrative on the building of the Hagia Sophia claims that Basilides helped raise money and material for the building project.
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Map of the uprising. Germanicus became a quaestor in AD 7, four years before the legal age of 25. He was sent to Illyricum the same year to help Tiberius suppress a rebellion by the Pannonians and Dalmatians.According to Cassius Dio, Augustus sent Germanicus to Illyricum because Tiberius' lack of activity led to suspicions that he was deliberately dragging his feet, using the pretense of war to remain under arms as long as possible.
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1–16 According to this source, Gordian served as quaestor in Elagabalus' reignHistoria Augusta, The Three Gordians, 18:4 and as praetor and consul suffect with Emperor Alexander Severus.Historia Augusta, The Three Gordians, 18:5Birley, pg. 341. An inscription confirming this fact has been found at Caesarea in Palestine. In 237 or 238, Gordian went to the province of Africa Proconsularis as a legatus under his father, who served as proconsular governor.
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Gaius Gracchus, tribune of the people, presiding over the Plebeian Council The Roman magistrates were elected officials of the Roman Republic. Each Roman magistrate was vested with a degree of power.Abbott, 151 Dictators (a temporary position for emergencies) had the highest level of power. After the Dictator was the Consul (the highest position if not an emergency), and then the Praetor, and then the Censor, and then the curule aedile, and finally the quaestor.
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Gaius Sosius Gaius Sosius (fl. 66 – 17 BC) was a Roman general and politician. Gaius Sosius was elected quaestor in 66 BC and praetor in 49 BC. Upon the start of the civil war, he joined the party of the Senate sometimes called optimates by modern scholars (even though the term belongs to the era of Sulla and Marius). Upon the flight of Pompey to Greece, Sosius returned to Rome and submitted to Julius Caesar.
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If improvements had been made in the meantime, then these too should be recompensed in the case of the smaller local magnates and small monasteries. Since Theophilos Erotikos is known to have held the post of quaestor in March 947, Theodore's appointment to the post must have been between that date and ca. 949. He remained in this post both under Constantine VII (r. 944–959) as well as under his successor Romanos II (r.
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He continued with this command the next spring in actions against the Menapii in Belgic Gaul.Caesar, Bellum Gallicum v 24, 3; 46, 1; vi 6, 1, as cited by Syme, "The Sons of Crassus". Marcus Crassus was the only quaestor other than Marcus Antonius (the famous Mark Antony) to be named by Caesar in his account of the Gallic Wars, but Marcus's service record was undistinguished.Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 5.24.3 and 46, 1; 6.6.
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The author is a native of southern Gaul (Toulouse or perhaps Poitiers), and belonged, like Sidonius Apollinaris, to one of the great governing families of the Gallic provinces. His father, whom he calls Lachanius, had held high offices in Italy and at the imperial court, had been governor of Tuscia (Etruria and Umbria), vicar of Britain, then imperial treasurer (comes sacrarum largitionum), imperial recorder (quaestor), and governor of the capital itself (praefectus urbi) in 414.
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Under the Empire, as was the case during the late Republic, one could become a senator by being elected quaestor. Under the Empire, however, one could only stand for election to the Quaestorship if one was of senatorial rank, and to be of senatorial rank, one had to be the son of a senator.Abbott, 381 If an individual was not of senatorial rank, there were two ways for that individual to become a senator.
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From 2018 until 2019, Hai served as the only member of parliament on a Special Committee for the Evaluation of Capital Tax Reforms, including the solidarity tax on wealth (ISF).Réforme ISF: un rapport d'ici septembre 2019 Le Figaro, 20 December 2018. In a 2019 vote, she challenged incumbent quaestor Laurianne Rossi but ultimately lost.Mathilde Siraud (23 July 2019), Gilles Le Gendre réélu président du groupe LREM dès le premier tour Le Figaro.
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The actions of Clodius, who had just been elected quaestor and was probably about to turn thirty, are often regarded as a last juvenile prank. The all- female nature of these nocturnal rites attracted much prurient speculation from men; they were fantasized as drunken lesbian orgies that might be fun to watch.Williams Clodius is supposed to have intended to seduce Caesar's wife, but his masculine voice gave him away before he got a chance.
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From 1996 to 2000, he was a vice president, quaestor and secretary of the Chamber of Deputies, also serving as a vice president from 2004 to 2008. From 1991 to 1992, he served on the executive bureau of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. Ideologically, Mitrea is an avowed leftist but also an anti-communist, and he has worked to distance the PSD from its image as a successor to the Romanian Communist Party.
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Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 4f This was followed at 25 by a posting as quaestor, then at 30 as praetor. By the age of 32 or 33 Regulus was appointed consul, the usual age for patricians.For the age requirements of each step of a Senator's career under the Empire see John Morris, "Leges Annales under the Principate", Listy filologické / Folia philologica, 87 (1964), pp.
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Officers in undergraduate chapters mostly have titles derived from Imperial Rome. The top officers of each chapter are known as the Consul (president), Pro Consul (vice-president), Annotator (secretary), Quaestor (treasurer), Magister (pledge trainer), Kustos (sergeant-at-arms), Tribune (communications), Risk Manager, and Historian. Those titles are the primary officers common to all chapters. Chapters also have other positions, such as Social Chairman, Sports Chairman, Scholarship Chairman, House Manager, Recruitment Chairman, etc.
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Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus (consul 201 BC) served as quaestor of the Roman Republic in 212 BC, curule aedile and consul in 201 BC. His brother Lucius Cornelius Lentulus was also consul in 199 BC. Gnaeus was possibly the son of L. Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus Caudinus, curule aedile in 209 BC, though the presence of the praenomen Gnaeus, along with the absence of the agnomen Caudinus, are opposed to this connection.
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Lepidus was rewarded with the position of proconsul in the Spanish province of Hispania Citerior. While in Spain Lepidus was called upon to act to quell a rebellion against Quintus Cassius Longinus, governor of neighbouring Hispania Ulterior. Lepidus refused to support Cassius, who had created opposition to Caesar's regime by his corruption and avarice. He negotiated a deal with the rebel leader, the quaestor Marcellus, and helped defeat an attack by the Mauretanian king Bogud.
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Marcus Pupius Piso Frugi Calpurnianus belonged originally to the gens Calpurnia, but was adopted by Marcus Pupius, when the latter was an old man. He retained, however, his family-name Piso. Piso had attained some importance as early as the first civil war. On the death of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, in 84 BC, he married his wife Annia, and in the following year, 83, was appointed quaestor to the consul Lucius Cornelius Scipio.
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Saturninius Secundus Salutius was a career Roman official who was a native of Gaul. He was a quaestor when he became a member of Julian's staff, while the latter was Caesar in Gaul. Salutius was well versed in Greek philosophy and rhetoric and won the respect of Julian. It was probably through his counsel that Julian developed the skills of administration he displayed in Gaul. In 359, Constantius removed him from Gaul.
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Caesar's progress through the cursus honorum is well known, although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial. According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death, Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina, military tribune, quaestor, praetor, and proconsul of Asia.Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, 6.1311 The dates of these offices are unclear. The colony is probably one of Marius' of 103 BC.T.C. Brennan, The Praetorship in the Roman Republic, 555.
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Gaius Marius, a lieutenant of Metellus, saw an opportunity to usurp his commander and fed rumors of incompetence and delay to the publicani (tax gatherers) in the region. These machinations caused calls for Metellus's removal; despite delaying tactics by Metellus, in 107 BC Marius returned to Rome to stand for the consulship. Marius was elected consul and took over the campaign while Sulla was nominated quaestor to him. AR Denarius (3.80 g, 5h).
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Vatinius was quaestor in 63 BC, the same year Marcus Tullius Cicero was consul. Cicero believed that Vatinius was elected on account of the influence of another of the consuls. Cicero sent him to Puteoli to prevent the gold and silver from being carried away from the city, but his extortions were so oppressive that the inhabitants were obliged to complain of his conduct to Cicero. He later served as a legatus under Gaius Cosconius.
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The Sicilian provincial taxation system was in many ways unique and differs from taxation methods employed in other provinces. For instance, the Tribune Gaius Gracchus introduced a grain tithe to the province of Asia in 123. However, unlike in Sicily, the tithe contracts were not leased out to local contractors by the Quaestor within the province. Instead, the Asian tithe contracts were leased out by the censors in Rome to companies of Roman tax-collectors.
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5 His next office was as quaestor of the province of Sicily, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Aponianus would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p. 16 The traditional Republican magistracy plebeian tribune followed, and after that praetor, which enabled him to hold important appointments. Late in the year 69 Aponianus was commissioned legatus legionis or commander of Legio III Gallica.
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Corbier, L'aerarium saturni et l'aerarium militare, p. 193 After completing three years with the legion, Papus advanced through the traditional Republican magistracies: quaestor, which he served in Africa, plebeian tribune, and peregrine praetor. Anthony Birley notes that despite his father's friendship with emperor Hadrian, Papus received no signs of special favor: he was never a candidatus of the emperor for any Republican magistracy, nor did he hold a major priesthood. The only such religious duty was as sodalis Augustalis.
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The cursus honorum of Orbius Speratus can be recovered in part from a Greek inscription his son erected at Iotape (modern Aytap).AE 1965, 320; also discussed at AE 1966, 485 His earliest known office was quaestor which he served in Bithynia and Pontus; Bernard Rémy dates his tenure in this office to from about 102 to about 104.Rémy, Les carrières sénatoriales dans les provinces romaines d'Anatolie au Haut-Empire (31 av. J.-C. - 284 ap.
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Born in Antioch, in 429 he was quaestor sacri palatii when Emperor Theodosius II (r. 408–450) appointed him member of the first commission that was to formulate the Codex Theodosianus (March 26). Later he was appointed praetorian prefect of the East, an office he held between 430 and 431. During his tenure, he exchanged letters with Theodoret, organised with Nestorius his return to the East through Asia Minor and Pontus, and rebuilt the city walls of Antioch.
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With more troops mustering in southern Italy, Marius sailed for Africa, leaving his cavalry in the hands of his newly elected quaestor, Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Marius found that ending the war was more difficult than he had claimed. Jugurtha was fighting a guerrilla war, it appeared that no strategy would work better than Metellus' strategy of denying Jugurtha reinforcement and support. He arrived comparatively late in 107 BC but still fought and won a battle near Cirta.
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She went to the mental hospital where he had been confined. After a few visits, she became convinced that he was her husband. However, a few days after he was released to her, an anonymous letter was sent to the Quaestor of Turin, claiming that the man was actually an anarchist and petty criminal with an extensive police record named Mario Bruneri. After an inquiry and several trials and appeals, the court found that he was indeed Bruneri.
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Syme, pg. 178 but refused to accept responsibility for the help which Silanus gave.Broughton, pg. 352 After falling out of favor with the triumvirs, in 39 he fled to Sextus Pompeius.Syme, pg. 189 He was able to return to Antonius's service under the terms of the Pact of Misenum.Broughton, Vol III, pg. 114 Silanus later served under Antonius in Greece and MacedoniaBroughton, pg. 415 from 34 to 32, with the title of Quaestor pro consule or perhaps Proquaestor.
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Because he had declined to run for any office after he was quaestor, he might be accused of desertion of public duty (secessio). He was connected by friendship and possibly blood to the emperor's enemies. In his biography of Helvidius, Herennius was praising an unrelenting critic of Domitian's father. Helvidius's widow Fannia, the daughter of Thrasea Paetus, had given Herennius her late husband's notebooks (commentarii); for this she was also prosecuted by Carus and condemned to exile.
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He lost his Dáil seat there at the February 1982 general election, but was elected to the Seanad where he served until 1987. After Ray MacSharry retired from the European Parliament in 1987, Killilea was appointed as his replacement in the Connacht–Ulster constituency. Killilea held the seat at the 1989 and 1994 European Parliament elections, and was elected as Quaestor by his fellow MEPs in 1996. He retired from politics at the 1999 European Parliament election.
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Flamininus then became quaestor, probably in 206, although some historians have suggested a later date. He was sent to Tarentum to second his uncle Quinctius Claudus Flamininus, who was the propraetor in charge of the Roman garrison. Rome kept a strong military presence into this Greek city because it had previously defected to Hannibal. His uncle likely died in Tarentum in 205, and it seems that Flamininus was given his command since he was already on- site.
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He was the son of Quintus Antistius Adventus Aquilinus Postumus and Novia Crispina. His mother is known from an honorific inscription dedicated to her, dating from her husband's governorship of Arabia Petraea. Quintus Antistius Adventus (born around mid-120s), during the rule of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty, served as a successful military tribune, legatus, quaestor, public construction official and governor in various provinces throughout the Roman Empire.Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp.
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Then he was commissioned a military tribune in Legio V Macedonica, then stationed in Moesia Inferior. Next he was elected a quaestor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Rutilianus would be enrolled in the Senate. Two more traditional Republican magistracies followed: plebeian tribune and praetor. After completing his term as praetor, Rutilianus likely served as legatus legionis for Legio VI Victrix, stationed in Roman Britain, under his father who was governor of the province c.133-138.
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Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus (flourished 1st century BC) was the brother of triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and son to Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the consul of 78 BC. His mother may have been a daughter of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus. Paullus supported Cicero during the Catiline Conspiracy. He never supported Pompey, probably because he held a grudge against him for betraying his father in 77. Paullus was quaestor in 59 BC, aedile in 55, praetor in 53 and consul in 50.
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By marrying Vespasia Polla, he allied himself to the more prestigious patrician gens Vespasia, ensuring the elevation of his sons Titus Flavius Sabinus II and Vespasian to the senatorial rank. The political career of Vespasian included the offices of quaestor, aedile and praetor and culminated with a consulship in 51, the year Domitian was born. As a military commander, he gained early renown by participating in the Roman invasion of Britain in 43.Jones, (1992), p.
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Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispanus of the Scipiones branch of the gens Cornelia, was a Roman politician. Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispanus was the son of Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispallus. He was one of the decemviri stlitibus judicandis and military tribune before 150 BC, and became quaestor around that date. He then became aedile, probably in 141 BC. He was a praetor in 139 BC. As praetor, he expelled the astrologers (Chaldaeans and Jews) from the city of Rome.
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Until 1845 the society had no formal leadership, but each meeting had a president, generally Pellegrino Rossi, who chaired the discussion. In 1845 the society elected two presidents (Charles Dunoyer and Hippolyte Passy), two vice-presidents (Horace Émile Say and Charles Renouard), a secretary, who became permanent in 1849 (Joseph Garnier) and a quaestor (Gilbert Guillaumin). In 1845 it was absorbed by the Société des économistes. In 1847 this society changed its name to the Société d’Economie Politique.
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Many of his clients were the governors of provinces which they were accused of having plundered. Such men were sure to find themselves brought before a friendly, not to say a corrupt, tribunal, and Hortensius, according to CiceroDiv. in Caecil. 7. was not ashamed to avail himself of this advantage. Having served during two campaigns (in 90 and 89 BC) in the Social War, he became quaestor in 81, aedile in 75, praetor in 72, and consul in 69.
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Returning to the imperial court at Constantinople under Constantine I, Hermogenes was probably appointed magister of one of the sacra scrinia (or perhaps Quaestor sacri palatii). In this role, he encouraged benevolent legislation, helped people in danger, secured the appointment of decent men as governor, and provided assistance to petitioners before the court. He also acted as an intermediary between the emperor and his subjects, advising the emperor of any requests and advising the supplicants of the emperor's decisions.
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106 Once again, Domitian acquitted himself of this task dutifully, and with care. He renewed the Lex Iulia de Adulteriis Coercendis, under which adultery was punishable by exile. From the list of jurors he struck an equestrian who had divorced his wife and taken her back, while an ex-quaestor was expelled from the Senate for acting and dancing. As eunuchs were popularly used as servants, Domitian punished people who castrated others and wanted to ban the eunuchs themselves.
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The cursus honorum of Carminius is preserved in an acephalous inscription at Rome. His earliest office was in the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that formed the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. Next was as quaestor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Carminius would be enrolled in the Senate. The next magistracy he held was plebeian tribune.
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The elder boy, Titus Flavius Sabinus, entered public life and pursued the cursus honorum. He served in the army as a military tribune in Thrace in 36. The following year he was elected quaestor and served in Creta et Cyrenaica. He rose through the ranks of Roman public office, being elected aedile on his second attempt in 39 and praetor on his first attempt in 40, taking the opportunity to ingratiate himself with the Emperor Caligula.
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The town was short of grain and sent envoys to Caesar to ask for help. As the siege continued the inhabitants stormed the nearest camp. Then they seized the other four and killed many of the enemy. Octavius was forced to withdraw to his ships and as the winter was approaching he sailed back to Dyrrachium (Durrës, Albania) to rejoin Pompey.Caesar, The Civil War, 3.6 In the summer 48 BC Caesar sent Quintus Cornificius to Illyricum as a quaestor.
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The consuls also oversaw the gathering of troops provided by Rome's allies.Polybius - Histories book VI Within the city a consul could punish and arrest a citizen, but had no power to inflict capital punishment. When on campaign, however, a consul could inflict any punishment he saw fit on any soldier, officer, citizen, or ally. Each consul commanded an army, usually two legions strong, with the help of military tribunes and a quaestor who had financial duties.
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He was excused from holding the lowest magistracy, the vigintivirate, and a congiaria of 60 denarii was distributed by Tiberius at his tirocinium. He was wed to Drusus the Younger's daughter, Julia, later that year combining the families of both possible lines of succession (that of Germanicus and Drusus the Younger). His brother Drusus was introduced to the Senate with similar honours in AD 23, and he too was promised the rank of quaestor in five years' time.
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Ronald Syme, The Augustan Aristocracy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989), p. 430 A portion of his cursus honorum is known from an inscription recovered from Montefano in Italia, which recognized Geminus as the patron of the colony. Geminus began his senatorial career as a quaestor for the emperor Tiberius; after this he was the emperor's designate for the Republican office of plebeian tribune. Around this time, definitely before he acceded to the consulate, Geminus was admitted to the Septemviri epulonum.
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A year later, in order to improve the efficiency of provisioning troops garrisoned in Thrace, a new prefecture was introduced, the Prefecture of the Islands, which was governed by a quaestor exercitus (Quaestor of the army) based in Odessa. This prefecture contained the provinces of Moesia II, Scythia Minor, Insulae (the Cyclades), Caria, and Cyprus. In 539, Justinian also abolished the diocese of Egypt, splitting it into five independent circumscriptions (groups of provinces) governed by duces with civilian and military authority, who were direct subordinates of the Praetorian prefect of the East. The Prefect of Egypt, formerly in charge of the whole diocese, was renamed the dux augustalis, and left with control over only the provinces of Aegyptus I and Aegyptus II. Essentially, the modifications to the provincial system carried out by Justinian were motivated by the desire to end the conflict between civilian and military officials, and thus moved away from Diocletian's principle of completely separating civilian and military power. In this, according to J. B. Bury, Justinian anticipated the introduction of the themes in the 7th century.
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Adolphe Charles Emmanuel Le Flô (2 November 1804, Lesneven, Finistère - 16 November 1887, Morlaix) was a French Army general and politician. Le Flô left Saint-Cyr in 1825. After serving in Constantine, Algeria, he became colonel on 20 October 1844, and brigadier general in 1848. Le Flô was minister plenipotentiary to Russia, in 1848. In April 1848 he was elected deputy from Finistère to the Constituent Assembly, he was reelected in May 1849 to the Legislative Assembly he became quaestor.
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It was mostly assumed that the husband of Octavia maior and brother-in-law of Octavian, the quaestor and praetor urbanus Sextus Apuleius was meant here.Cp. e.g. Walther Sontheimer & Konrat Ziegler, Der kleine Pauly – Lexikon der Antike in fünf Bänden, München 1979, p. 470 A strong case has however been made for his son Sextus Apuleius, who was augur and consul with Octavian in 29 BC.John Pollini, "Ahenobarbi, Appuleii and Some Others on the Ara Pacis", American Journal of Archaeology, Vol.
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Agricola began his military career in Britain, serving under governor Gaius Suetonius Paulinus. In his subsequent career, he served in a variety of positions: he was appointed quaestor in Asia province in 64, Plebeian Tribune in 66, and praetor in 68. He supported Vespasian during the Year of the Four Emperors (69), and was given a military command in Britain when the latter became emperor. When his command ended in 73, he was made patrician in Rome and appointed governor of Gallia Aquitania.
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Karol Adam Karski (born May 13, 1966 in Warsaw) is a Polish politician, Quaestor of the European Parliament, and a former Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs. He holds a Doctor of Law degree from the University of Warsaw. Karski has taught at the University of Warsaw, the Warsaw University of Humanities, and the Academy of Economics in Białystok. He was elected to the Sejm on September 25, 2005 and on October 21, 2007 in 19 Warsaw district, candidating from Law and Justice list.
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The People's Assembly was nervous enough about the Cimbric threat and disunity in command to reelect Marius to three successive consulships (in 104, in 103 and in 102 BC).Denarius of the quaestor Gaius Fundanius, 101 BC. The obverse depicts the head of Roma, while the reverse depicts Gaius Marius as triumphator in a chariot; the young man on horseback is probably his son. Marius was awarded this triumph for his victory over the Teutones.Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage, p. 328.
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Keeping up the pressure he drove Jugurtha's forces southwards and westwards into Mauretania. Marius was supposedly unhappy at receiving the dissolute and libertine Lucius Cornelius Sulla as his quaestor, but he proved a highly competent officer, well liked by the men. Meanwhile, Jugurtha was trying to get his father-in-law king Bocchus of Mauretania to join him in the war against the Romans. In 106 Marius marched his army far to the west, capturing a fortress by the river Molochath.
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Left unaided against the Lombards and Avars, Cunimund was defeated and killed. The post of Baduarius in this campaign is obscure: he may have been a magister militum per Illyricum, a magister militum without an assigned area, or the quaestor exercitus.. A comes stabuli ("count of the imperial stables") in 573, he was sent to Italy soon after to resist the Lombard conquest of the peninsula. The Lombards, however, defeated him in battle in 576, and he died soon after.
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4f His service as prefect of the feriae Latinae preceded his term as quaestor, possibly attached to the Roman emperor, most likely Hadrian. Priscus then achieved the office of praetor around the year 142; there is no mention of any intermediary magistracy like plebeian tribune or aedile, which supports Alföldy's assertion that Priscus was a patrician. However, that he was commissioned legatus or commander of Legio I Italica (dated to c. 143-144), is unusual for a patrician by the mid-second century.
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Gaius Octavius (fl. 216 BC) was a Roman army officer who was active during the third century BC. He was the son of the equestrian Gaius Octavius and grandson of the quaestor Gnaeus Octavius Rufus, also the father of Velitrae's magistrate Gaius Octavius, grandfather of praetor Gaius Octavius and great- grandfather of Roman emperor Augustus (reigning 27 BC - 14 AD). When Marcus Antonius tried to show his contempt against Augustus, he said that Octavius was a freedman and rope-maker from Thurii., p.
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Bruneri's mother, Eugenia Mantaud, while still alive, was not involved in the identification, being weak of heart. The identification was contested by Giulia Canella's attorneys on the ground that the mother had not been allowed to see the man, claiming she would have foiled the whole Bruneri family plot orchestrated in conjunction with the quaestor and police, not on the grounds of illness. Eugenia died two days later on 4 July 1929 of heart failure, causing some embarrassment to Canella's attorneys.
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Séraphin Moundounga in June 2015 Séraphin Moundounga (born 29 February 1964) is a Gabonese politician who served in the government of Gabon as Minister of Justice from 2014 to 2016. Moundounga was born in Tchibanga. A member of the ruling Gabonese Democratic Party, he was first elected to the National Assembly of Gabon in the 1990 parliamentary election, and he was First Quaestor of the National Assembly from 1997 to 2009. From 2010 to 2014 he served as Minister of National Education.
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Marcus Licinius Crassus (86 or 85 BC–ca. 49 BCRonald Syme, “The Sons of Crassus,” Latomus 39 (1980) 403-408, reprinted in Roman Papers, vol. 3, edited by Anthony R. Birley (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984)) was a quaestor of the Roman Republic in 54 BC. He was the elder son of the Marcus Crassus who formed the political alliance known as the "First Triumvirate" with Pompeius Magnus ("Pompey the Great") and Julius Caesar. His mother was Tertulla, the daughter of Marcus Varro Lucullus.
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Marius proceeded to do this, but imprisoned Saturninus inside the Curia Hostilia, intending it seems to keep him alive. However, a senatorial mob lynched the tribune regardless, by climbing atop the Senate House and throwing dislodged roof tiles down onto Saturninus and his supporters below. Sulla, who was appointed as Marius' quaestor in 107, later contested with Marius for supreme power. In 88, the senate awarded Sulla the lucrative and powerful post of commander in the war against Mithridates over Marius.
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His death not only devastated Tiberius but also challenged the future of the principate. Tiberius still trusted Sejanus and had no suspicion. Since Drusus' son was too young, Tiberius adopted his grandchildren by Germanicus, Nero and Drusus, and recommended them to the Senate.Suetonius, The Lives of Twelve Caesars, Life of Tiberius 54.1-2 Nero was given the office of quaestor five years in advance and was married to Julia Livia, the daughter of Drusus, to combine the families of both possible successors.
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Like his father-in- law, Thrasea Paetus, whose daughter Fannia he had taken as his second wife, Priscus was distinguished for his ardent and courageous republicanism. Although he repeatedly offended his rulers, he held several high offices. During Nero's reign he was quaestor of Achaea and tribune of the plebs (AD 56); he restored peace and order in Armenia, and gained the respect and confidence of the provincials. His declared sympathy with Brutus and Cassius occasioned his banishment in 66.
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This territorial restructuring relieved both the destitute populations and devastated countryside of the Danubian provinces from sustaining any stationed troops. There is a lack of subsequent evidence on the history of the quaestura exercitus. However, since the position of quaestor was still extant during the mid-570s, this indicates that the overall territorial unit achieved a modicum of success. Ultimately, the Danubian provinces associated with the quaestura exercitus did not survive the Slav and Avar invasions of the Balkans in the 7th century.
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The Order of the Gorgon's Head, another secret society at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, was founded in 1896 by Darius Eatman, Edward Kidder Graham, Ralph Henry Graves, Samuel Selden Lamb, Richard Henry Lewis, Jr., and Percy DePonceau Whitaker. Membership has always been limited to male members of the junior, senior, professional, and post-graduate classes along with male faculty members. Inductees may not be members of other societies. Officers include Princeps (chief officer), Quaestor, and Scriptor.
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Like his forefathers, Cato was devoted to agriculture when not serving in the army. Having attracted the attention of Lucius Valerius Flaccus, he was brought to Rome and began to follow the cursus honorum: he was successively military tribune (214 BC), quaestor (204 BC), aedile (199 BC), praetor (198 BC), consul (195 BC) together with Flaccus, and censor (184 BC). As praetor, he expelled usurers from Sardinia. As censor, he tried to save Rome's ancestral customs and combat "degenerate" Hellenistic influences.
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An outline of Sosius Priscus' career is preserved, along with his full name, in the inscription . It shows his career began as the Praefectus feriarum Latinarum; this was followed by a posting as triumvir monetalis. Around the year AD 162, he stood and was elected as a candidate of the emperor for the office of Quaestor. Next he was appointed Legatus, serving under his father who was the proconsular governor of the province of Asia, possibly around the year AD 163/164.
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His career is documented in a fragmentary honorary inscription found at Tergeste. = ILS 989 He started his career in his teens as a member of the quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the four boards that make up the vigintiviri. This was followed by a term as military tribune in Legio VI Victrix. Next came the office of quaestor, followed by serving as sevir equitum Romanorum at the annual review of the equites, then the magistracies of plebeian tribune and praetor.
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He was son of the orator and politician Quintus Aurelius Symmachus and of Rusticiana; he was born in 383/384. Memmius had an elder sister, Galla, who married Nicomachus Flavianus, son of Virius Nicomachus Flavianus. At the age of ten, he became quaestor, celebrating the public games connected with his office in December 393. Memmius was well educated, and studied Greek language; his father approved his style in writing letters and, in 401, he studied with a Gallic rhetor as his tutor.
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The executive magistrates of the Roman Republic were officials of the ancient Roman Republic (c. 510 BC – 44 BC), elected by the People of Rome. Ordinary magistrates (magistratus) were divided into several ranks according to their role and the power they wielded: censors, consuls (who functioned as the regular head of state), praetors, curule aediles, and finally quaestor. Any magistrate could obstruct (veto) an action that was being taken by a magistrate with an equal or lower degree of magisterial powers.
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Thereafter in descending order came the censor (who, while the highest-ranking ordinary magistrate by virtue of his prestige, held little real power), the consul, the praetor, the curule aedile, and the quaestor. Any magistrate could obstruct (veto) an action that was being taken by a magistrate with an equal or lower degree of magisterial powers. If this obstruction occurred between two magistrates of equal rank, such as two praetors, then it was called par potestas (negation of powers).Abbott, p.
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The following year, 86 BC, Cinna and Marius, now in undisputed control of the government, were declared consuls, the latter for his seventh time. Fimbria became a prominent figure in the Marian–Cinnan regime, and is described as one of their fiercest and loyalest partisans. He was probably appointed quaestor to the elderly Marius, who died two weeks into his term as consul. At his funeral, Fimbria threatened the pontifex maximus, Mucius Scaevola, apparently arranging for him to be murdered.
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Silva commissioned an amphitheater to be built in Urbs Salvia after the year 81 AD. The amphitheater was used for gladiatorial contests and other entertainments. In 1957 a stone inscription was found at the amphitheater which described Silva's various posts - tresvir capitalis, tribune, quality figures of the Legio IV Scythica, quaestor, tribune of the plebs and legatus legionis of the Legio XXI Rapax. The amphitheater is used to this day for annual drama festivals. His life after his second consulate is unknown.
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Archimedes had proven that the volume and surface area of the sphere are two thirds that of the cylinder including its bases. In 75 BC, 137 years after his death, the Roman orator Cicero was serving as quaestor in Sicily. He had heard stories about the tomb of Archimedes, but none of the locals were able to give him the location. Eventually he found the tomb near the Agrigentine gate in Syracuse, in a neglected condition and overgrown with bushes.
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Saturninus also brought in a bill, the object of which was to gain the support of the people by supplying grain at a nominal price. The bill either reduced the already cheap price fixed by the corn-law of Caius Gracchus, or was a repeal of a former Senatorial repeal of Gracchus' law, though the former is more likely.Beesely, ibid. The quaestor Quintus Servilius Caepio the Younger declared that the treasury could not stand the strain, and Saturninus' own colleagues interposed their veto.
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Caecus' early career before his censorship is only known from his eulogy, formerly displayed on the Forum. This summary of his career lists all the responsibilities he held, including some junior offices, while literary sources only record upper magistracies (censor, consul, and praetor); however it does not provide any date and the offices are not ordered chronologically.Ferenczy, "La carrière d'Appius jusqu'à la censure", p. 381. The eulogy tells that he was military tribune three times, one time quaestor, and curule aedile two times.
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Livy, 3.2 In 465 BC Servilius was appointed Praefectus urbi during a justitium when both consuls were to be absent from Rome dealing with the ongoing military threat from the Aequi.Livy, 3.3 He was elected quaestor in 459 BC and attempted to prosecute the tribune of the plebs, Marcus Volscius Fictor, for giving false witness against Caeso Quinctius. His colleague in the quaestorship was the otherwise unknown Aulus Cornelius. The trial against Volscius was continued by the quaestors of the following year.Livy.
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He played an important role in the conquest of Dacia. Upon his return to Rome, he was appointed to serve as quaestor to emperor Hadrian; about the same time he assumed the priestly office of augur, "a further indication," Birley notes, "of his high social standing, and of the influential patronage which he enjoyed."Birley, Fasti, p. 246 Minicius was allowed to serve as legate to his father while the older Minicius governed Africa; Ronald Syme dates his office to 121.
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In the early republic, there were two quaestors, and their duties were maintaining the public treasury, both taking in funds and deciding whom to pay them to. This continued until 421 BCE when the number of quaestors was doubled to 4. While two continued with the same duties of those that had come before, the other two had additional responsibilities, each being in service to the one of the consuls. When consuls went to war, each was assigned a quaestor.
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Lucius Caesonius Lucillus Macer Rufinianus () was a Roman military officer and senator who was appointed suffect consul probably between AD 225 and 229. Much of what we know about him comes from an inscription found on the base of a statute near Tivoli. Caesonius Lucillus occupied a succession of posts: the junior magistracy of the decemvir stlitibus judicandis; a quaestor; and a praetor, all sponsored by the emperor, Caracalla (). He was appointed imperial governor of several Italian towns, then legate of Roman Tunisia.
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Lollius either served in a political position as a quaestor, aedile, tribune or praetor before being appointed by Augustus as a provincial governor. His first known office was his governorship of Galatia in Anatolia in 25 BC. For Augustus to appoint him as a governor, Lollius must have proven himself to be a capable politician. Lollius was the first Roman governor of Galatia.Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Annalium, Libri V, VI, XI, XII: With Introduction and Notes Abridged from the Larger Work, p.
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Cassius punished the leaders with merciless severity, and made the lot of the provincials harder than ever. At last some of his troops revolted under the quaestor Marcellus, who was proclaimed governor of the province. Cassius was surrounded by Marcellus in Ulia. Bogud, king of Mauretania, and Marcus Lepidus, proconsul of Hispania Citerior, to whom Cassius had applied for assistance, negotiated an arrangement with Marcellus whereby Cassius was to be allowed to go free with the legions that remained loyal to him.
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This also involved the mayor Carlino D'Ambrosio and the local fascist authorities who kept the activities hidden from the higher authorities. An essential role was played by the Bishop of Campagna, Giuseppe Maria Palatucci and his nephew Giovanni Palatucci, Quaestor of Fiume, who, by sending as many Istrian Jews as possible into the Campagna camp, saved thousands from the death camps.Palatucci In September 1943 Italy capitulated and the Allied troops invaded South Italy. In response the German troops invaded Italy from the North.
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He was Quaestor of the High Council of the Republic, which was established as the transitional parliament in 1991. In an August 1996 by-election for a seat in the National Assembly from Oti, Okoulou-Kantchati, standing as the ADR candidate, placed second in the first round, receiving 32.89% of the vote against 40.19% for RPT candidate Stanislas Baba.Crocodile No. 157 , 8-14 August 1996 . Baba then narrowly defeated him in the second round, receiving 51.41% of the vote.West Africa (1996), page 1,339.
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His cursus honorum is partially known from an inscription set up at Antium in Campania to commemorate his patronage of the city. = ILS 1040 Proculus began his career as one of the tresviri monetalis, the most prestigious of the four boards that comprise the vigintiviri; assignment to this board was usually allocated to patricians or favored individuals.Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 4f This was followed by quaestor, as the candidate of the emperor, another indication of his favored status.
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The Prague meeting of the SF was headed by principal quaestor Vasile-Gabriel Nita, Secretary of State, Head of the Schengen Department of the MIAR. In considering the external dimension of the Salzburg Forum, one of the key points addressed during this meeting was the decision to support Romania and Bulgaria in their efforts to join the Schengen territory. There were also approached questions regarding a possible European agreement in the area of Immigration and Asylum. The prevention of road traffic accidents was also discussed.
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A native of Augusta Treverorum, Florentinus was possibly a Notarius around 379/380 AD. He was the Comes sacrarum largitionum in the west from 385 to 386 and the Quaestor sacri palatii in 395. After this he was given the post of Praefectus urbi of Rome, serving from 395 to the end of 397 AD before he was replaced by Lampadius.Jones & Martindale, pg. 362 During his time as Urban Prefect, Florentinus received numerous missives from the emperor Honorius concerning the duties, restrictions and rewards for the decurions.
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Byzantine emperor Justin I. In , Kavad, in order to secure the succession of Khosrow, whose position was threatened by rival brothers and the Mazdakite sect, proposed that Emperor Justin I adopt him. The proposal was initially greeted with enthusiasm by the Byzantine Emperor and his nephew, Justinian, but Justin's quaestor, Proclus, opposed the move, due to the concern of Khosrow possibly later try to take over the Byzantine throne. The Byzantines instead made a counter-proposal to adopt Khosrow not as a Roman, but a barbarian.Procopius, 11.
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The sacrum consistorium or sacrum auditorium (from , "discuss a topic"; , "sacred assembly") was the highest political council of the Roman Empire from the time of Constantine the Great on. It replaced the consilium principis that had existed during the Principate. The council's powers and membership varied, being ultimately dependent on the emperor. The magister officiorum, the quaestor sacri palatii, the comes sacrarum largitionum, the comes rerum privatarum and a few other high court officials were ex officio members, but the emperor was free to appoint additional members.
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The Histories of Polybius, Book 10, reproduced from The Histories of Polybius published in Vol. IV of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1922 to 1927. Retrieved 23 April 2007 from Bill Thayer's website Laelius certainly accompanied Scipio on various expeditions from 210 BC to 201 BC but received no official position from the Senate until about 202 BC when he was finally made quaestor. This lack of recognition may have been due to his relatively low social status and/or family's lack of wealth and political influence.
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She had a long criminal record too, with crimes against property and prostitution. The records about Bruneri included a detailed physical and psychological profiling, perfectly matching the character and aspect of the amnesiac. On Sunday, 6 March 1927, the quaestor, firmly convinced he had been tricked, arranged for the arrest of Bruneri, who was brought back to Turin the same day. Two days later, Bruneri's relatives were called in for an identification: his wife, Rosa Negro, recognized him immediately, along with their 14-year-old son, Giuseppino.
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Just as Agrippa's sons were, Drusus was about the same age as Germanicus, and both of them also followed parallel careers. Drusus and Germanicus held all their offices at the same age, and progressed through the cursus honorum at the same pace. Both held the office of quaestor at the same age, both were exempted from holding the praetorship, they held their first and second consulships at the same age, and both were given proconsular imperium maius when they were sent to govern Germania and Illyricum respectively.
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Lidia Geringer de Oedenberg's current activities in the European Parliament include her position as a Quaestor to the European Parliament, as well as her membership in the Committee on Legal Affairs, the Committee on Petitions, and the Delegation for relations with the countries of South Asia. She is also a substitute for the Committee on Budgets, the Delegation to the EU-Croatia Joint Parliamentary Committee, the Delegation to the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly, and the Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the Mediterranean.
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Allenius was a native of Patavium (modern Padua). Ronald Syme notes, "His second name may be presumed maternal" and notes two equestrian officers with similar names: Marcus Allenius Crassus Cossonius, and [Al]lenius C.f. Strabo.Syme, "Eight Consuls from Patavium", Papers of the British School at Rome, 51 (1983), p. 104 Ségolène Demougin would go further, and agrees with D. McAlindon that Allenius was originally of the equestrian order, and admitted to the Senate upon becoming a quaestor between the years AD 15 and 20.
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The Second Battle of Cirta, part of the Jugurthine War, was fought in 106 BC between a Numidian-Mauretanian coalition and a Roman army near the Numidian capital of Cirta. The Numidians were led by King Jugurtha, the Mauritanians were led by king Bocchus while the Romans were under the overall command of Gaius Marius who was supported by his quaestor Lucius Cornelius Sulla as cavalry commander. The Romans were victorious routing their opponents and capturing Cirta.Lynda Telford, Sulla: A Dictator Reconsidered, p. 33.
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Two years later, Velleius was a cavalry prefect serving in the command of Tiberius in Germania, having already held the office of praefectus castrorum. He continued as a senior member of Tiberius' staff until the future emperor's return to Rome in AD 12. While serving under Tiberius, Velleius was also elected quaestor, an important step on the cursus honorum, filling that office in AD 7. Before his death in AD 14, the emperor Augustus designated Velleius and his brother, Magius Celer, for the praetorship.
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He was the second son of Cristoforo Archinto, whose ancestor Manfredo had helped found the monastery of Chiaravalle near Milan in 1135, and Maddalena Torriani. His brothers were Giovanni Battista, who was a soldier and an ambassador of the Emperor Charles V, and Alessandro, who became a regional quaestor in the city of Milan.Giussano, pp. 2-6. Filippo was sent by his father to study at Pavia, but at the age of 20 he was summoned back to Milan to be at his father's deathbed.
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Between Curtius' position as a young comes to the quaestor of the Province of Africa and his achievement of consular rank is a large gap. Tacitus says that he "departed" (digressus) to Rome, no doubt with high hopes for his future, "where through the lavish expenditure of his friends (largitione amicorum) and his own vigorous ability (acri ingenio) he obtained the quaestorship (quaesturam ... adsequitur)." Interpretation of the passage is important for its meaning. He was "departing" Africa for the city, not returning to it.
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During Domitian's Chattan War of 83, two vexillations were sent from Legio IX to Germany, one under Celer, the other under Velius Rufus. For Celer's efforts in the conflict, he was awarded Dona militaria appropriate for his rank.Valerie A. Maxfield, The Dona Militaria of the Roman Army (Durham theses, Durham University, 1972), Part 2, p. 39 He was admitted to the Senate when he became quaestor for an unnamed emperor, possibly Domitian; this was followed by the traditional republican magistracies of plebeian tribune and praetor.
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Next, he was an imperial candidate for the office of Quaestor, and this was followed by his candidature for the office of Praetor tutelaris (the official responsible for matters of guardianship), which he probably was nominated for prior to AD 240.Mennen, pg. 124 Valerius Balbinus Maximus was then appointed as Legatus proconsulis in the province of Asia. He reached the office of consul in AD 253, serving as consul posterior alongside the emperor Volusianus, until Volusianus was murdered in the first few months of that year.
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Lollianus Plautius was the son of Quintus Hedius Rufus Lollianus Gentianus who had been suffect consul in around AD 186/8. He began his career as a Tribunus laticlavius with the Legio XIII Gemina stationed in the province of Dacia. Possibly in AD 195, he was a candidate for the office of Quaestor, followed by his standing for Praetor candidatus tutelaris in AD 200.Mennen, p. 107 Lollianus Plautius’ next posting was as legatus proconsularis (assistant to the governor) in Asia in AD 201/2.
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This was followed in around 220/222 by his appointment as praetor, a senior imperial administrator, probably under Elagabalus () . This career path from quaestor to praetor as an imperial candidate was standard during the third century for ascent up the cursus honorum, the traditional series of military, administrative and judicial positions of steadily increasing responsibility which aspiring upper-class Romans were expected to progress through.Mennen, pg. 58Birley, pg. 115 Following in his father’s steps, Caesonius Lucillus was appointed curator (overseer) of a number of Italian cities.
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A member of the patrician gens Julia, Lucius Julius Caesar was the son of the consul of 90 BC, also named Lucius Julius Caesar. He began his political career serving as Quaestor in the Roman Province of Asia in 77 BC, probably under Terentius Varro.Broughton II, pp. 88–90 By 69 BC Lucius had been elected to the priestly position of Augur,Broughton II, pp. 135, 255 and by the end of 67 BC, he had served in the office of PraetorBroughton II, p.
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What is known of Tullia's life is from Plutarch's account of Cicero and the letters that Cicero wrote to others, particularly to her mother, and to his friend, the eques Titus Pomponius Atticus. In 66 BC, Tullia was betrothed to Gaius Calpurnius Piso Frugi. They were married in 63, when Tullia was fifteen or sixteen, and Piso not much older. He embarked on the cursus honorum, the course of a Roman political career, serving as quaestor in 58 BC, but he died the following year.
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He developed the habit of praying while he worked. Toward the end of autumn 1543, Felix entered the newly founded Capuchin friars as a lay brother at the Citta Ducale friary in the municipality of Anticoli Corrado. It is said that he was well noted for his piety. In 1547 he was sent to Rome as quaestor of the Capuchin Friary of St. Bonaventure, where he spent his remaining 40 years begging alms to help in the friars' work of aiding the sick and the poor.
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His career is set forth in an inscription found at Lepcis Magna, dated to AD 61 or 62.Inscriptions of Roman Tripolitania, p. 341. According to the inscription, he was first quaestor to the emperor Claudius, then praetor urbanus; both of these are prestigious offices, and he likely owed them to his father's half-brother, Publius Suillius Rufus, who was an intimate associate of Claudius. Following his consulate in 51, Servius was inducted into the collegia of Pontifices and the sodales Augustales, also socially powerful groups.
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Since the 2014 European elections, Sander has been a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for The Republicans, within the Group of the European People's Party. She currently serves on the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs and on the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development. In addition to her committee assignments, she is a member of the parliament's delegation for relations with the EEA countries and Switzerland. Following the 2019 elections, Sander became the First quaestor of the European Parliament for two and a half years.
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During their escape, they encounter a giant beast called an Umbra, which Guillo has been mysteriously programmed to defeat. While trying to leave the city, they meet up with the third member of the party, a young woman named Milly. The three of them must work to clear Sagi's name while trying to uncover the nature of the threat caused by the maneuvering of Alfard's various power-hungry politicians, as they work under Alfard's Quaestor Verus. Verus runs against Baelheit in the upcoming election to replace Olgan.
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The Senate did retain its legislative powers over public games and the senatorial order, as well as the power to try cases, especially treason, if the Emperor gave permission. The executive magistrates had been little more than municipal officials since long before Diocletian became Emperor, and so Diocletian's reforms simply declared this openly. The Consul now could only preside over the senate, and the Praetor and Quaestor could only manage public games, although the Praetor did retain some limited judicial authority. All other magisterial offices disappeared.
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Two inscriptions, one from Rome, the other from Leon, provides us the details of his cursus honorum. Pollio's career began in his teens as one of the tresviri monetalis, the most prestigious of the four boards that comprise the vigintiviri; assignment to this board was usually allocated to patricians or favored individuals.Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 4f His next office was as a quaestor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Pollio would be enrolled in the Senate.
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Lucullus was the last to hold the position of Military Quaestor in 87, but Torquatus does not appear until 82. So it is unclear who was the original minter of Lucullean currency. Investigation of the further identity of Torquatus in the hope of clarification is complicated by the fact that all the men of the Torquatus family bear the same name and so are indistinguishable on the written page. There are definite appearances of Torquati but the connections between the persons are speculative at best.
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"Exécutif national : Clément Mouamba démissionne avec son gouvernement", ADIAC, 17 August 2017 . When the National Assembly began meeting for the new parliamentary term on 19 August 2017, the deputies elected Isidore Mvouba, a PCT deputy, as President of the National Assembly; he was the only candidate for the post and received 144 votes.Bertrand Boukaka, "Congo – Assemblée Nationale : Isidore Mvouba accède au perchoir", Les Echos du Congo Brazzaville, 19 August 2017 .Firmin Oyé, "Parlement : Isidore Mvouba élu président de l’Assemblée nationale", ADIAC, 20 August 2017 . The vote for President of the National Assembly and the other six posts in the Bureau of the National Assembly was held by secret ballot, but there was only one candidate for each post, and all but one of those posts went to deputies from the pro-government majority (one post, Second Secretary, was reserved for the opposition, allowing it to have representation in the Bureau): Léon Alfred Opimbat as First Vice-President (142 votes), Roland Bouiti Viaudo as Second Vice-President (142 votes), Pierre Obambi as First Secretary (141 votes), Joseph Kignoumbi Kia Mboungou as Second Secretary (142 votes), Virginie Dolama as First Quaestor (141 votes), and Léonidas Mottom as Second Quaestor (139 votes).
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The cursus honorum of Catilius Severus is preserved in an inscription recovered from Antium. His earliest recorded office was the first of the traditional republican magistracies, quaestor, which enabled him to be enrolled as a member of the Senate; in his case, he was assigned as quaestor to the province of Asia. He advanced to the traditional Roman magistracy of plebeian tribune; the fact he was praetor is omitted from this inscription, but must be presumed because it was required for the following offices Catilius is recorded as holding. Normally a senator destined for the consulate would hold only two offices, command of a legion and governorship of a province or prefect of one of the aerarii or treasuries: Catilius held six of these. First in the list was prefectus frumenti dandi (or Prefect responsible for the distribution of Rome’s free grain dole), next was legatus or assistant to the proconsular governor of Asia, then curator of an unnamed road, legatus or commander of Legio XXII Primigenia, and lastly prefect of each of the treasuries, aerarium militare in the years 105 to 107, then the aerarium Saturni in 108 to 110.
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After the final conquest and destruction of Carthage in 146 BC, northwestern Africa went under Roman rule and, shortly thereafter, the coastal area of what is now western Libya was established as a province under the name of Tripolitania with Leptis Magna capital and the major trading port in the region. In 96 BC Rome peacefully obtained Cyrenaica (left as bequeathing by the king Ptolemy Apion) with the so-called sovereign Pentapolis, formed by the cities of Cyrene (near the modern village of Shahat), its port of Apollonia, Arsinoe (Tocra), Berenice (near modern Benghazi) and Barce (Marj), that will be transformed into a Roman province a couple of decades later in 74 BC. The Roman advance southward, however, was stopped by the Garamantes. Cyrenaica had become part of the Roman Egypt already from the time of Ptolemy I Soter, despite frequent revolts and usurpations.Ptolemy VIII, as a measure of preventive defense, made his will in favor of Rome if he died without legitimate heirs In 74 BC was established the new province, governed by a legate of praetorian rank (Legatus pro praetor) and accompanied by a quaestor (quaestor pro praetor).
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Illus, who was well aware that his own friendship had led to the poet's exile, welcomed Pamprepius at his own home and, on his return to the capital, brought Pamprepius back with him. Illus had Pamprepius appointed senator, honorary consul,Rhetorius talks about the consulate, which was probably honorary, and the patriciate. John of Antioch (fragment 211.3) records the quaestorship and the patriciate (Robert A. Kaster, Guardians of Language: The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity, University of California Press, 1997, , p. 330). quaestor sacri palatii and, after some time, patricius, a most prestigious position.
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His cursus honorum as far as his consulship has been preserved in an inscription found in Cirta. It is notable for consisting only of civil positions, and excluding military ones, such as military tribune or command of a legion, which his contemporary from Cirta, Publius Julius Geminius Marcianus, held. Clemens began his public career in the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that comprise the vigintiviri; this board of ten was tasked with maintaining the city roads of Rome. His next documented office was as quaestor.
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Basilides was eventually replaced by Strategius.. During the Nika riots (January 532), Basilides, Constantiolus, and Mundus served as envoys of Emperor Justinian I to the rioting crowds. They partly attempted to calm the rioters and partly attempted to understand the causes of their wrath. Their report to the Byzantine emperor placed the blame for the uprising on the unpopular financial ministers John the Cappadocian, Tribonian, and Eudaemon, leading to their dismissal from office. Basilides replaced Tribonian as quaestor sacri palatii, the senior legal authority in the Byzantine Empire.
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In 2016 he held the role of vice president of the Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry for the digitization of the Public Administration. Re-elected in 2018 again with the M5S, he was appointed quaestor of the Chamber of Deputies. He is a member of the Budget, Treasury and Planning Commission, the Communication and External Information Committee, the Supervisory Committee on Documentation Activities, the Personnel Affairs Committee, the Security Committee. On 5 September 2019 he has been appointed Minister for Relations with the Parliament of the Conte II Government.
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As a result, Germanicus became an official member of the gens Julia, another prominent family which he was related to on his mother's side. His connection to the Julii was further consolidated through a marriage between himself and Agrippina the Elder, a granddaughter of Augustus. He was also the older brother of Claudius, the father of Caligula, and the maternal grandfather of Nero. During the reign of Augustus, Germanicus enjoyed an accelerated political career as the heir of the emperor's heir, entering the office of quaestor five years before the legal age in AD 7.
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The two generals crossed the Rhine, made various excursions into enemy territory and, in the beginning of autumn, recrossed the river. The campaigns of Tiberius and Germanicus in Germania in the years AD 11–12, combined with an alliance with the Marcomannic federation of Marbod, prevented the German coalition from crossing the Rhine and invading Gaul and Italy. In winter, Germanicus returned to Rome, where he was, after five mandates as quaestor and despite never having been aedile or praetor, appointed consul for the year AD 12. He shared the consulship with Gaius Fonteius Capito.
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Eburnus was held responsible for losing control of the city of Tauromenium to the slave uprising, and he was sent back to Rome "in disgrace" even though the Roman siege eventually succeeded.This quaestor may less likely have been Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus; Broughton, MRR1 (1951, 1986), pp. 497, 498, 499 (note 1), citing Valerius Maximus 2.7.3. A considerable gap in his career followed. He held the praetorship no later than 119 BC, when he may have beenErich S. Gruen, Roman Politics and the Criminal Courts, 149–78 B.C. (Harvard University Press, 1968), p.
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Larga; a sister has been identified for him, Larcia A.f. Priscilla. His father Sulpicianus is best known as quaestor to the proconsular governor of Crete and Cyrenaica and commander of Legio X Fretensis in the year 70; his cursus honorum does not list any offices from praetor forward, so it is possible Sulpicianus died before he reached that rank. Priscus' maternal grandfather was Gaius Silius, consul in AD 13. His paternal grandparents were Aulus Larcius Gallus, a member of the equestrian class, and Sulpicia Telero, a daughter of the aristocracy of Crete.
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Under the monarchy, the hoplite armies were led by the kings of Rome. During the early and middle Roman Republic, military forces were under the command of one of the two elected consuls for the year. During the later Republic, members of the Roman Senatorial elite, as part of the normal sequence of elected public offices known as the cursus honorum, would have served first as quaestor (often posted as deputies to field commanders), then as praetor. Julius Caesar's most talented, effective and reliable subordinate in Gaul, Titus Labienus, was recommended to him by Pompey.
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Born in Cales in Campania, Vinicius started his senatorial career as quaestor in AD 20. That same year, Vinicius was requested to take part in the defence of Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso for the murder of Germanicus, but refused.Tacitus, Annales, 3, 11, 2 He was present for the trial, as his name appears as one of seven witnesses of the Senatus consultum de Cn. Pisone patre, the Roman Senate's official act concerning Piso's trial and punishment. In 30, Vinicius was appointed to the consulship, which he held with Lucius Cassius Longinus.
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Marius was tasked with rebuilding, effectively from scratch, the Gallic legions. Basing his army around a core of trained legionaries from the last year, Marius again secured exemption from the property requirements and with his newly-minted reputation for glorious and profitable victory, raised an army of some thirty thousand Romans and forty thousand Italian allies and auxiliaries. He established a base around the town of Aquae Sextiae and trained his men. One of his legates was his old quaestor, Sulla, which shows that at this time there was no ill-will between them.
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The society was open to men with very different positions in life and diverse political views, most of them influential either through their position or their writings. They could meet on neutral scientific grounds to exchange views on subjects such as the functions of the state, land rents, commercial freedom, public finances, the Crédit Foncier, regulations and socialism. The central theme was always political economy. In 1845 the society elected two presidents (Charles Dunoyer and Hippolyte Passy), two vice-presidents (Horace Émile Say and Charles Renouard), a secretary (Joseph Garnier) and a quaestor (Gilbert Guillaumin).
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On 3 March 1927, just a few days after the apparently happy ending, an unsigned letter was received by the Quaestor of Turin stating that the man was not Canella, but instead Mario Bruneri, a typist from Turin born in 1886, an anarchist and con artist wanted since 1922 due to some convictions for acts of violence. Bruneri was not new to jails: he had served time for accounting fraud and stealing. His criminal record was extensive. He was wanted in other cities, including Pavia and Milan, along with a woman from Brescia, Camilla Ghidini.
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58 He served as tribune in the legio X Fretensis when Julius Severus was governor of Judaea from 132 to 135. That Verus served as a tresvir monetalis, then quaestor Augusti, and was co-opted as an augur; all suggesting that he was marked out at an early stage for a prominent career. Following his achievement as praetor, Verus was legatus or commander of Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix in the 140s, which was stationed at Xanten, which was part of Germania Inferior. He returned to Rome to serve as prefect of the aerarium Saturni.
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The defensive walls were built in times of Julius Caesar, approximately between the years 68 and 65 BC, when he was quaestor of the city. This new fortification was aimed at replacing the old Carthaginian stockade of logs and mud. The walls were expanded and refined during the rule of his son Augustus due to the growth of the city; these were protected by cyclopean towers. The remains of the materials this stage are only recognizable in the material reused in Caliphate period in the new Walls of the Alcázar of Seville.
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Mithridates VI of Pontus. On his return to Rome he was elected military tribune, a first step on the cursus honorum of Roman politics. The war against Spartacus took place around this time (73–71 BC), but it is not recorded what role, if any, Caesar played in it. He was elected quaestor for 69 BC,Freeman, 51 and during that year he delivered the funeral oration for his aunt Julia, widow of Marius, and included images of Marius, unseen since the days of Sulla, in the funeral procession.
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Augustus reduced the size of the senate to 600 members, and after this point, the size of the senate was never again drastically altered. One could become a senator by being elected Quaestor (a magistrate with financial duties). However, one could only stand for election to the Quaestorship if one was of senatorial rank, and to be of senatorial rank, one had to be the son of a senator. If an individual was not of senatorial rank, there were two ways for that individual to become a senator.
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60 with that number: Legio I Germanica, and Legio I Minervia. Then came an appointment as a quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the four magistracies that comprised the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four was a preliminary and required first step toward a gaining entry into the Roman Senate. Next was the traditional Republican magistracy of quaestor, which he served in the public province of Bithynia and Pontus; upon completion of this magistracy Vocula would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p.
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In 155 BC, Punicus instigated a Lusitanian uprising and started sacking and pillaging through Roman territories. In order to crush the rebellion, Rome sent Praetor Calpurnius Piso and Proconsul Manius Manilius at the head of an army of 15,000 legionaries, but Punicus defeated them, inflicting losses of around 6000 men. This victory enabled Punicus to ally himself with the neighboring Vettones; he marched south and sacked the Mediterranean Roman provinces, including Hispania Baetica and the territories of the Blastophoenicians, a people vassal to Rome. His campaign also saw the death of Roman Quaestor Terentius Varro.
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Felix and the Judean Drusilla, had a son, Marcus Antonius Agrippa, who died along with many of the inhabitants of Pompeii and Herculaneum in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius on 24 August 79, and a daughter, Antonia Clementiana. Antonia Agrippina may have been a daughter from their son's marriage (this name was graffiti in a Royal Tomb in Egypt). Clementiana became a grandmother to a Lucius Anneius Domitius Proculus. Two possible descendants from this marriage are Marcus Antonius Fronto Salvianus (a quaestor) and his son Marcus Antonius Felix Magnus, a high priest in 225.
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The Executive Committee meets at least four times a year. The Executive Committee consists of 12 members; Grand Consul, Grand Pro Consul, Grand Quaestor, the immediate Past Grand Consul, a Grand Trustee elected by the Board of Grand Trustees, two Grand Praetors elected by the Praetorial College, one alumnus member-at-large, two undergraduate representatives elected by the undergraduate delegates from each chapter, and the two most recent International Balfour Award winners. The committee regulates the budget and expenditures as well as assign duties to the International Headquarters staff.
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In 6th-century imperial documents, it was referred to as "holiest city," sacratissima civitas. In 442 a peace treaty between Theodosius II and Attila was conducted at Odessos. In 513, it became a focal point of the Vitalian revolt. In 536, Justinian I made it the seat of the Quaestura exercitus ruled by a prefect of Scythia or quaestor Justinianus and including Lower Moesia, Scythia, Caria, the Aegean Islands and Cyprus; later, the military camp outside Odessos was the seat of another senior Roman commander, magister militum per Thracias.
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Syme, pg. 174 It was soon clear that Pansa was dying. He lived long enough to hear of Antonius’s second defeat at Mutina on 21 April, and the death of his consular colleague Hirtius during the battle. In his last hours he advised Octavianus not to trust Cicero and the rest of the Senate, and that they would turn on him at the first available opportunity.Syme, pg. 177; Broughton, pg. 335 Pansa transferred command of his troops over to his quaestor, Manlius Torquatus, who arrested Pansa’s doctor, Glyco, on suspicion of having poisoned Pansa.Broughton, pg.
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Probus' career was one of the most noteworthy in his age. He began as quaestor, and then became praefectus urbanus. He was Proconsul of Africa in 358 and then Praetorian prefect four times: of Illyricum in 364, of Gaul in 366, of Italy, Illyricum, and Africa in 368-375 and again in 383-384; in the meantime, he held the consulship in 371, with Emperor Gratian as colleague. In 372 he defended Sirmium against barbarian attack and in that same year he proclaimed Ambrose governor of Aemilia et Liguria.
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The concept was created in 2005 in Paris (France) by the Natacha Quester-Séméon, Sacha Quester-Séméon and Tristan Mendes France. With the aim of encouraging people to interact, share or socialize at cultural, artistic and social events, via new information and communication technologies, they created the association "Incredibulle" (Incredibubble) and the concepts of wifi bubble, bubble master and bubblenauts. The first Wifipicnings took place in 2005 in Paris and Provence. The concept was launched in the Luxembourg Garden (Paris) on the occasion of Neighbours' Day with thanks to the Senate Quaestor.
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Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), p. 5 Evidence of this favor appears shortly afterwards: after serving a term as military tribune in Legio IV Flavia Felix based at Singidunum, Tuscus served as quaestor to the emperor Antoninus Pius, then was legatus or assistant to the proconsul of Africa. These latter two assignments provided him with potential for visibility and introductions to influential people. After holding the Republican magistracies of plebeian tribune and praetor, Tuscus was prefect of the aerarium Saturni (c. 147-c. 150).
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An inscription found in Barcelona provides details of his cursus honorum. Natalis began his career as a member of the quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the four boards that comprised the vigintiviri; serving as one of these minor magistracies was considered an important first step in a senator's career. This board oversaw road maintenance within the city of Rome. Although Natalis certainly held the office of quaestor, which enrolled him in the senate, his next documented office was as plebeian tribune, followed by serving as legate, or assistant, to the proconsular governor of Africa.
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Pliny was by birth of equestrian rank, that is, a member of the aristocratic order of equites (knights), the lower (beneath the senatorial order) of the two Roman aristocratic orders that monopolised senior civil and military offices during the early Empire. His career began at the age of 18 and initially followed a normal equestrian route. But, unlike most equestrians, he achieved entry into the upper order by being elected Quaestor in his late twenties.Cf. Pliny: A Self-Portrait in Letters, The Folio Society, London (1978), Intro. pp.
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Serving under Caesar, Antony demonstrated excellent military leadership. Despite a temporary alienation later in life, Antony and Caesar developed friendly relations which would continue until Caesar's assassination in 44 BC. Caesar's influence secured greater political advancement for Antony. After a year of service in Gaul, Caesar dispatched Antony to Rome to formally begin his political career, receiving election as quaestor for 52 BC as a member of the Populares faction. Assigned to assist Caesar, Antony returned to Gaul and commanded Caesar's cavalry during his victory at the Battle of Alesia against the Gallic chieftain Vercingetorix.
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Quaestor Reading the Death Sentence to Senator Thrasea Paetus, by Fyodor Bronnikov Publius Clodius Thrasea Paetus (died 66 AD), Roman senator, who lived in the 1st century AD. Notable for his principled opposition to the emperor Nero and his interest in Stoicism, he was the husband of Arria, who was the daughter of A. Caecina Paetus and the elder Arria, father-in-law of Helvidius Priscus, and a friend and relative by marriage of the poet Persius. Thrasea was the most prominent member of the political faction known today as the Stoic Opposition.
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Different sources tell different stories, but all agree that Gallus arrested Domitianus and the quaestor Montius Magnus who had come to his aid, and that the two officers were killed. The arrest of Montius Magnus led to the discovery of what seems to be a plot to usurp Gallus' position. The conspirators had the support of two tribuni fabricarum (officers of the weapons factories) who had promised the weapons for an uprising (Ammianus Marcellinus, 14.7.18), and probably of the troops in Mesopotamia, as well as of the rector of the province of Phoenice.
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Extraordinary governors of this kind were seen already during the First Punic War and occur again during the Second Punic War. Assuming that there was a quaestor at Lilybaeum, it is unclear whether this position was created immediately after the end of the war or sometime later, or if it was one of the quaestores which already existed, that is one of the quaestores classici (treasurers of the fleet), that had first been created in 267 BC,Geraci e Marcone, op. cit., p. 90. when the number of quaestores was increased from four to eight.
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The aqueduct was constructed approximately between 68 to 65 BC, the same period as the construction of the Walls of Seville and during Julius Caesar's term as quaestor. It was renovated and partially re-built between 1171 and 1172 by Almohad caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf. During this period, he also built the Giralda mosque and minaret, the Puente de Barcas on the Wad al-Kebir river, and the Buhaira palace and gardens, for which the aqueduct also supplied water. Additional repairs were made in the thirteenth century when the Granada War began.
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Theoktistos (; ) was a senior Byzantine official who played an important role under the Nikephorian dynasty (802–813). Theoktistos is first mentioned in 802, when he held the rank of patrikios and the post of quaestor. From this post he supported the deposition of Empress Irene of Athens (ruled 797–802) and her replacement by Nikephoros I (r. 802–811). He remained active in Nikephoros' administration, and by the time of the Emperor's death in the Battle of Pliska in 811 he had advanced to the rank of magistros.
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A wealthy novus homo and populares, Marius was the first Roman general to enlist proletari (landless citizens) into his army; as a politician he was chosen Consul an unprecedented seven times (107, 104–100, 86), but his career ended badly. On the opposing side politically, the optimate Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, later Consul (88, 80), and Dictator (82–79), had served as quaestor under Marius in Numidia. In 106 Sulla had persuaded Bocchus I of Mauritania to hand over Jurgurtha, which ended the war. This conflict was later (c.
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He served in government until 1983, when he was elected as a Senator. Autain served in the Senate until 2011, having been re-elected in 1992 and 2001. He was a secretary of the senate as well as a quaestor, a role that gave him access to government funds that he could distribute to mayors of communes. The party removed him from its official list in 2001; however, he was able to win re-election in the 2001 French Senate Election as a member of the Citizen and Republican Movement.
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His next recorded office was as quaestor of the public province of Achaea; upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p. 16 The inscription omits all mention of a term of service as military tribune; John D. Grainger speculates that Senecio may have served with Legio XXI Rapax, which was destroyed by the Iazyges in 92.Grainger, Nerva and the Roman Succession Crisis of AD 96-99 (London: Routledge, 2004), p.
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') were elected officials who supervised the state treasury and conducted audits. It was the lowest ranking position in the ' (course of offices). However, this means that in the political environment of Rome, it was quite common for many aspiring politicians to take the position of quaestor as an early rung on the political ladder. In the Roman Empire, the position, which was initially replaced by the ' (prefect), reemerged during the late empire as ', a position appointed by the emperor to lead the imperial council and respond to petitioners.
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Marcus Antonius, or Mark Antony, who is most well known for his civil war with Octavian, started off his political career in the position of quaestor after being a prefect in Syria and then one of Julius Caesar's legates in Gaul. Through a combination of Caesar's favor and his oratory skills defending the legacy of Publius Clodius, Antony was able to win the quaestorship in 51 BCE. This then led to Antony's election as augur and tribune of the people in 50 BC due to Caesar's efforts to reward his ally.
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Agrippina's second oldest son Drusus was given similar honors and was also promised the office of quaestor in advance when he reached his fourteenth year in AD 23. At about this time, Tiberius' Praetorian Prefect Sejanus was becoming powerful in Rome and began feuding with Drusus the Younger. While the exact causes of the feud are unknown, it ended when the Younger Drusus died of seemingly natural causes on 14 September AD 23. After the death of Tiberius' son, Agrippina wanted to advance the careers of her sons, who were all potential heirs for Tiberius.
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124 This was followed by his being appointed Quaestor urbanus, after which he filled the office of Praetor tutelaris (the official responsible for matters of guardianship). Then in AD 233, Valerius Maximus was made consul prior alongside Gnaeus Cornelius Paternus. For his proconsular command, Valerius Maximus was appointed Curator alvi Tiberis riparum cloacarumque sacrae urbis (responsible for maintaining the sewers and the banks of the Tiber river within the city of Rome). In AD 238, Valerius Maximus was one of the Italian nobility who was involved in the senatorial revolt against the emperor Maximinus Thrax.
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When Constantius Gallus was made Caesar in 351, Magnus was appointed as his quaestor sacri palatii, and raised the rank of patricius.Bradbury (2004), p. 109 Magnus was lynched by the troops at the instigation of Gallus in 354, but the reason is unclear: some sources report that he tried to defend the praetorian prefect of the East Domitian, who had insulted Gallus, others that Magnus insulted Gallus as well, while others claim that he informed the Augustus Constantius II of Gallus' plots against him. At any rate, Magnus and Domitian were lynched side by side.
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His cursus honorum is recorded in two inscriptions, and provides an outline of his life.CIL XI, 5210; IRT 527 Lucanus started his senatorial career likely in his teens as a member of the quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the four boards of the vigintiviri, a minor collegium young senators serve in at the start of their careers. This was followed by service as a military tribune with Legio V Alaudae on the Rhine frontier, the same legion his brother Tullus served in. Lucanus then was elected quaestor assisting the proconsular governor of Africa.
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His cursus honorum can be reconstructed from one of the inscriptions at Attidium. Numisius Junior began in his teens as one of the tresviri monetalis, the most prestigious of the four boards that comprise the vigintiviri; assignment to this board was usually allocated to patricians or favored individuals. This was followed by a commission as military tribune in Legio IX Hispana, stationed in Roman Britain; Birley dates this to the 140s. Junior was afterwards appointed quaestor, which he discharged at Rome; about this time he was admitted to the sodales Titalis Flaviales.
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He returned to Rome where he was elected quaestor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he would be enrolled in the Senate. Two more of the traditional Republican magistracies followed: plebeian tribune and praetor. Upon stepping down from the praetorship, Faustus received another military commission, this time as legatus or commander of Legio XIII Gemina, stationed at Apulum in the imperial province of Dacia; Werner Eck dates his tenure as commander of this legion to between the years 106 and 119.Eck, "Ergänzungen zu den Fasti Consulares", p.
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Valerius Maximus regarded Publius as a lethargic nonentity who only rose to the Praetorship after 31 BC under the Second Triumvirs and died young amid scandals of luxurious excess and an obsessive attachment to a common prostitute.Valerius Maximus III.5.3 Besides his praetorhip he was also a quaestor and a member of the priestly college of the augurs.ILS 882 It is possible that he survived the Battle of Actium and went over to Octavian's side after the defeat of his step-father Mark Antony, later making a further career under the emperor.
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While Pliny admits he doesn't know the granddaughter, Quadratus is well known to him, and describes the man in very positive terms. Details about Quadratus include his promise as a lawyer, that he had married before the age of 24 -- thus likely before he was appointed quaestor, which commonly happened at age 25 -- and that his inheritance included the house of the philosopher Gaius Cassius. We know few details about Quadratus until he acceded to the consulate in 118. However, that he was associated with emperor Hadrian indicates he was a member of the inner circle.
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He then was commissioned as a military tribune with Legio XIV Gemina stationed in Roman Britain; Birley dates this to before the year 60, meaning Messalla had left the legion when the unit triumphed in the Battle of Watling Street that year. He then proceeded through the traditional Republican magistracies -- quaestor, plebeian tribune and praetor -- before accepting a second commission, this time as legatus legionis or commander of Legio XVI Flavia Firma before the year 70. This was the point where the account of his cursus ends. From other sources we know Messalla was co-opted into the Septemviri epulonum following his consulate.
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At the first direct elections to the European Parliament in 1979, Balfe was elected as the Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for London South Inner. He held his seat until its abolition in 1999, then won a seat from fourth place on the party list for London. He supported a single European currency and was a member of the European Movement.George Jones and Ambrose Evans-Pritchard, "Labour rebel joins Tories in disgust", Daily Telegraph, 6 March 2002 In late 2001, Balfe stood for election to the post of quaestor in the European Parliament, against instructions from his party group.
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Coin of the Byzantine emperor Justin I. Around 520 to secure the succession of his youngest son Khosrow, whose position was threatened by rival brothers and the Mazdakite sect, and to improve his relationship with the Byzantine emperor Justin I, Kavad proposed that he adopt Khosrow.; This proposal was greeted initially with enthusiasm by the Byzantine emperor and his nephew, Justinian. However, Justinian's quaestor, Proclus, opposed the move concerned over the possibility that Khosrow might attempt to take over the Byzantine throne. The Byzantines made a counter-proposal to adopt Khosrow not as a Roman but as a barbarian.
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His first office was as one of the twenty annual quaestors, a training post for serious public administration in a diversity of areas, but with a traditional emphasis on administration and rigorous accounting of public monies under the guidance of a senior magistrate or provincial commander. Cicero served as quaestor in western Sicily in 75 BC and demonstrated honesty and integrity in his dealings with the inhabitants. As a result, the grateful Sicilians asked Cicero to prosecute Gaius Verres, a governor of Sicily, who had badly plundered the province. His prosecution of Gaius Verres was a great forensic success for Cicero.
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Arsaber was a noble of Armenian origin, holding the rank of patrikios, and served as quaestor of Emperor Nikephoros I Logothetes (r. 802–811). In February 808, a group of secular and ecclesiastic officials, who were dissatisfied with Nikephoros's rule, formed a conspiracy and acclaimed Arsaber as emperor.... Nikephoros, however, discovered the plot and arrested the participants, who were beaten, had their properties confiscated, and were ultimately exiled. Arsaber himself was tonsured and exiled to a monastery in Bithynia. Arsaber's daughter, Theodosia, had been married to the future Emperor Leo V the Armenian (r. 813–820).
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Livy, Book 23, Periochae.[www.livius.org/li- ln/livy/periochae/periochae023.html]The Senate in the Second Punic War clearly granted official positions such as tribune, quaestor or higher ranks based on the person's rank and status; a relatively obscure but talented man from a non-senatorial family or from a minor branch of a great family stood virtually no chance of being named to command in a province, or being named or elected a magistrate or tribune. A relatively obscure Roman knight or equestrian named Lucius Marcius Septimus was elected by the survivors in Hispania after the Scipio brothers were killed in 210.
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XII and Pars Occident. X. In the mid-6th century, by law their number was fixed at 26 adiutores: twelve from the scrinium memoriae and seven each from the scrinium epistolarum and the scrinium libellorum, although in practice these numbers were often exceeded. Perhaps the most notable quaestor was Tribonian, who contributed decisively to the codification of Roman law under Emperor Justinian I (). The office continued in Italy even after the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire, as first Odoacer and then the Ostrogothic kings retained the position, which was occupied by members of the Roman senatorial aristocracy like Cassiodorus.
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Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 334f After he returned from Baetica, Macer was active in the Senate as an orator. Pliny mentions two occasions where he participated in the proceedings: during the first, which was prior to his consulate, Macer proposed one punishment in the prosecution of Julius Bassus for mismanagement of the province of Bithynia and Pontus;Pliny, Epistulae, IV.9.16 the second regarded money Marcus Egnatius Marcellinus owed to an imperial scribe upon completion of his service as quaestor in an unnamed province.
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In the Notitia Dignitatum, the praepositus is listed immediately after the praetorian prefects, the urban prefect and the magistri militum. However, due to the loss of the relevant pages of the Notitia, we do not know the structure of his officium. Senior assistants were the primicerius sacri cubiculi and the comes sacrae vestis. During the 4th-5th centuries, the praepositus gained in power: in the late 4th century, he gained control over the imperial estates of Cappadocia (the domus divina per Cappadociam of the Notitia), and was elevated in rank to vir illustris and the equivalent of quaestor.
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Maximus joined the army not later than AD 85.Speidel (1984) 174 He served as an eques (cavalry trooper) in the cavalry contingent (just 120-strong) of the legion VII Claudia, which was stationed at Viminacium (Moesia) from at least AD 66.Speidel (1984) 174 He claims to have held three higher positions in the contingent, although it is unclear whether all of these were formal military ranks or simply roles that Maximus had performed. # quaestor equitum,AE (1985) 721 probably meaning treasurer of the cavalry contingent.Speidel (1984) 175 This post is only attested in this inscription.
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The quaestor ordered fingerprints to be taken, and had them compared with those from Bruneri's criminal records. Fingerprints had been sent to the central police archive in Rome when the man was initially arrested, but no matching was found at a superficial search of the huge archive. The second try proved to be 100% positive, and the Scientific Investigation School of Rome wired back a telegram confirming that Bruneri and the alleged amnesiac were the same person. Bruneri was a fugitive and had to serve two years from previous sentences, so he was jailed in the Collegno mental hospital while awaiting further trials.
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At the age of 25 he held the republican magistracy of quaestor, being selected as one of the pair allocated to attend to the Emperor. The duties of these quaestors included reading the Emperor's speeches to the Senate. This was followed by his admission to the collegia of the Salius Palatinus, a priestly order tracing its roots back to the Roman Kingdom. Marcellus' service to the Emperor resumed with a commission as a tribunus laticlavius with the Legio XII Fulminata which was part of an expeditionary force led by his adoptive father Neratius Pansa in Cappadocia.
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The gens Octavia was a plebeian family at Rome, which was raised to patrician status by Caesar during the first century BC. The first member of the gens to achieve prominence was Gnaeus Octavius Rufus, quaestor circa 230 BC. Over the following two centuries, the Octavii held many of the highest offices of the state; but the most celebrated of the family was Gaius Octavius, the grandnephew and adopted son of Caesar, who was proclaimed Augustus by the senate in 27 BC.Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, pp. 5, 6 ("Octavia Gens").
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Titus Antistius was a man of ancient Rome who served as quaestor in Macedonia in 50 BC. When the leader Pompey came into the province in the following year, Antistius had received no successor; and according to Cicero, he did only as much for Pompey as circumstances compelled him. During this time, Pompey compelled Titus to coin silver for him. Antistius took no part in the war, and after the Battle of Pharsalus went to Bithynia, where he saw Julius Caesar and was pardoned by him. He died at Corcyra (modern Corfu) on his return, leaving behind him considerable property.
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The Barberini Ivory, which is thought to portray either Justinian or Anastasius I Justinian achieved lasting fame through his judicial reforms, particularly through the complete revision of all Roman law, something that had not previously been attempted. The total of Justinian's legislation is known today as the Corpus juris civilis. It consists of the Codex Justinianeus, the Digesta or Pandectae, the Institutiones, and the Novellae. Early in his reign, Justinian appointed the quaestor Tribonian to oversee this task. The first draft of the Codex Justinianeus, a codification of imperial constitutions from the 2nd century onward, was issued on 7 April 529.
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For his service in these units, Voconius was awarded dona militaria. Next he achieved the office of quaestor, which he served in the public province of Macedonia; upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he was enrolled in the Senate. Two more of the traditional Republican magistracies followed: plebeian tribune and praetor. After stepping down from his praetorship, Voconius was appointed to a number of responsible offices. The first listed in his cursus honorum was curator or overseer of the Viae Valeria and Tiburtina; Géza Alföldy estimates he held this post from around the year 135 to around the year 138.
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His cursus honorum is partially known from an inscription set up at Marmaraereglisi / Perinthus in Thracia. Antiquus began his career as one of the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that form the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. Next was commissioned military tribune with Legio III Gallica, which was stationed in Syria. He was appointed quaestor as a candidate of the emperor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Antiquus would be enrolled in the Senate.
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The family origins of Apollinaris lie in Vercellae in Northwestern Italy. Thanks to the ingenuous identification of Apollinaris with the subject of a headless inscription found in Asia Minor by Werner Eck, we know most of the earliest steps of his cursus honorum.Eck, "Epigraphische Untersuchungen zu Konsuln und Senatoren des 1.-3. Jh. N. Chr.", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 37 (1980), p. 56 n. 86 Apollinaris' first recorded republican magistracy was quaestor, which was followed by plebeian tribune, and praetor. Then he was appointed one of the nine curatores viarum, or curator of the public roads, in Italy.
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In 36, she was charged with adultery with a slave and committed suicide, "since there was no question about her guilt".Tacitus, Annals, VI.40 His mother Agrippina believed her husband was murdered to promote Drusus the Younger as heir, and feared that the birth of his twin sons would give him motive to displace her own sons. However, her fears were unfounded, with Nero being elevated by Tiberius in AD 20. Nero received the toga virilis (toga of manhood), was promised the office of quaestor five years in advance, and was wed to Drusus the Younger's daughter Julia.
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At the insistence of Cato the Younger, who was then quaestor, all men who had profited during the proscriptions were brought to trial. For his involvement, Catiline was accused of killing his former brother-in-law Marcus Marius Gratidianus,The evidence is only sketchy that Catiline early in his life was married to a sister of Gratidianus, and some scholars, notably B.A. Marshall, have doubted Catiline's role in the killing. For further discussion, see Marcus Marius Gratidianus. carrying this man’s severed head through the streets of Rome and then having Sulla add him to the proscription to make it legal.
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Vir gloriosus (Latin for "glorious man", , endoxos) or gloriosissimus ("most glorious", , endoxotatos) was the highest rank available to the senatorial aristocracy of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire in the 6th century. The title was introduced following the increasing proliferation, and hence debasement, of the earlier senatorial titles, such as vir illustris.Kazhdan (1991), p. 855 The title was restricted to the highest functionaries of the state, namely the magistri militum, the praetorian prefects, the quaestor sacri palatii and the magister officiorum, as well as an honorific to some important barbarian rulers, like Theodoric the Great, who were nominally Imperial subjects.
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It records that Allenius was a military tribune (but not in which legion), quaestor, legatus under Tiberius, plebeian tribune, praetor, propraetorian legate for Tiberius, and then consul. He also held the priestly office of Quindecimviri sacris faciundis. Syme offers some explication of these offices: the first time as legatus under Tiberius, Allenius was commander of a legion, although its identity is unknown; the date he was praetor is AD 27; the time as propraetorian legate was a governorship in one of the five praetorian provinces under imperial control. Syme also implies that Allenius owed his consulship to the influence of Lucius Vitellius.
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His career is documented by an inscription recovered from Cures, = ILS 1026 although there are three more fragmentary inscriptions that record different portions of his career.TAM 2.567 from Tlos; IGRR 3.470 from Balbura in Lycia; and also from Cures. Simplex began his career in the vigintiviri, as a member of the quattuorviri viarum curandarum, then served as military tribune in Legio IV Scythica, then stationed in Moesia. As a quaestor, he was one of those allocated by lot to one of the ten public provinces administered by a proconsul; in his case, Simplex was assigned to Macedonia.
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The deaths of his cousins elevated Gemellus and his older cousin Gaius Caesar (Caligula). As there was no formal mechanism for succession, the only legal way he could promote an heir who was too young to share the political powers of emperor was to bequeath his estate upon which much of the Roman state had come to depend. According to Suetonius, Tiberius had suspicions of Gaius but he detested Gemellus as he believed him to be the result of an adulterous affair by his mother. Gemellus' young age was another factor in the advancement of Caligula, who was made quaestor in 33.
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Augustus Bevilacqua, a bust of Emperor Augustus wearing the civic crown In AD 6, an uprising began in the Roman province of Illyricum. Augustus sent Tiberius to crush the revolt with his army, and after a year of delayed results, he sent Germanicus in his capacity as quaestor to assist in bringing the war to a swift end.Cassius Dio, Roman History LV.31 The reason, Dio says, that Germanicus was chosen over Postumus is because Postumus was of an "illiberal nature".Cassius Dio, Roman History LV.32 Postumus was known for being brutish, insolent, stubborn, and potentially violent.
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Agrippa was a son of Cilician Prince Gaius Julius Agrippa (who served as a Quaestor for the Roman Province of Asia and before 109 served as a Praetorian Guard); his mother was a Roman woman who belonged or was related to the Fabian gens. His brother was a younger Gaius Julius Agrippa. Agrippa was of Jewish, Nabataean, Edomite, Greek, Armenian, Median and Persian origins. Through his paternal grandfather, Herodian Prince and King of Cetis Cilicia Gaius Julius Alexander, Agrippa was a descendant of King Archelaus of Cappadocia; King of Judea Herod the Great; his wife Mariamne and King Tigranes VI of Armenia.
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Thereafter his mistress Caenis was his wife in all but name until she died in 74. The political career of Vespasian included the offices of quaestor, aedile and praetor, and culminated with a consulship in 51, the year Domitian was born. As a military commander, he gained early renown by participating in the Roman invasion of Britain in 43.Jones (1992), p. 8 Nevertheless, ancient sources allege poverty for the Flavian family at the time of Domitian's upbringing,Suetonius, Life of Domitian 1 even claiming Vespasian had fallen into disrepute under the emperors Caligula (37-41) and Nero (54-68).
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Postumius Titianus was a member of the third century ‘’gens Postumii’’, which was not descended from the Republican family of the same name. In his early career he was an imperial candidate for both the offices of Quaestor and Praetor. Before the year 291, he was either a suffect consul or perhaps adlectus inter consulares.Mennen, pg. 123 Around AD 291/2, Postumius Titianus was appointed corrector Transpadanae cognoscens vice sacra and electus ad iudicandas sacras appellationes (that is, the Corrector of Cisalpine Gaul and the officer responsible for the management of imperial judicial duties and the execution of the emperor’s will).
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For once, Marius was unprepared for action and in the melee all he could do was form defensive circles. The attack was pressed by Gaetulian and Mauretanian cavalries and for a time Marius and his main force found themselves besieged on a hill, while Marius's quaestor Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his men were on the defensive on another hill nearby. However, the Romans managed to hold off the enemy until evening and the Africans retired confident of finishing the job the next morning. The Romans surprised the Africans' insufficiently guarded camp the next morning at dawn and completely routed the African army.
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The coin discoveries from the region are consistent with this view, although not conclusive. A gold aureus and a silver denarius believed from the times are overweight and bear an image of Venus, Sulla's patron goddess, on one side with a double cornucopia and the letter Q for Quaestor on the other. Minting was not the only disposition of the antiques; Sulla was aware of the high resale value of such objects. He took many objects not of precious metal, such as the antique shields of the Greeks who had stopped Brennus (3rd century BC) at Thermopylae.
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Piso held several positions under Augustus and Tiberius. Ronald Syme infers that Piso was a military tribune in the Spanish campaigns of 26-25 BC. This accords with his known tenure as triumvir monetalis in 23 BC. Between that office and being appointed quaestor, which enabled him entry into the Roman Senate, Syme infers Piso was married. Syme fills the gap between those events and his consulate with various activities, such as accompanying his friend Claudius Nero in his Alpine campaign. At some date between 5 BC and AD 2 he was admitted to the College of Pontiffs.
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But it is not clear how this system took form. It has been suggested that from 240 BC the government of western Sicily was entrusted to a quaestor sent annually to Lilybaeum.Michael Crawford, Coinage and Money Under the Roman Republic: Italy and the Mediterranean Economy, University of California Press, 1985, p. 104. Scholars like Filippo Coarelli and Michael Crawford consider it possible that the government of Sicily was entrusted to a privatus cum imperio, that is an aristocrat with no official post and with a military command conferred on a personal basis, sent annually with administrative and judicial competence.
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14f The beginning of his senatorial career was not impressive. As a member of the vigintiviri, a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate, Marcianus was allocated to the tresviri capitalis, which was not a prestigious office. Following this he held the typical series of offices: a hitch as military tribune in Legio IV Scythica, then another hitch as military tribune in Legio X Fretensis. He returned to Rome to serve as quaestor, then plebeian tribune, praetor, legate to the proconsul of Africa, and legate or commander of Legio X Gemina.
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Nero (on the left), saluting Tiberius (seated, on the right) (detail of the Great Cameo of France). Nero's mother Agrippina believed her husband was murdered to promote Drusus the Younger as heir, and feared that the birth of his twin sons would give him a motive to displace her own sons. However, her fears were unfounded, with Nero being elevated by Tiberius. On 7 June AD 20, Nero was brought into the forum to receive the toga virilis, introduced into the Senate by Tiberius and Drusus the Younger, and was promised the office of quaestor in five years' time.
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Here he fought under Marcus Aurelius in the Second Marcomannic War, during which time his unit was awarded dona militaria (or military honours) by the emperor. His next posting was as quaestor in the province of Gallia Narbonensis, after which he returned to Rome to serve as plebeian tribune, probably under the new emperor Commodus. In around AD 185, Caesonius Macer continued his climb up the cursus honorum with his appointment as legatus proconsulis, where he assisted the governor of Hispania Baetica in his duties. Then in around AD 187, he was back in Rome where he was elected praetor.
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Serving as one of these minor magistracies was considered an important first step in a senator's career. Next was service as a military tribune with Legio II Augusta, which was stationed in Roman Britain at the time. Agrippinus is then documented as quaestor of the public province of Roman Cyprus, which qualified him to be a senator, which is followed by the magistracies of aedile cerialis then praetor,Until the recovery of a second fragment, the relevant inscription had been restored to indicate that Agrippinus had been plebeian tribune, as shown in the scholarship. where our material ends.
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His cursus honorum is partially known from an inscription set up in Rome. His first recorded office was quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the magistracies that comprised the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward a gaining entry into the Roman Senate. This was followed with his commission as military tribune with Legio I Minervia, stationed at Bonna (modern Bonn), in Germania Inferior. Maximus returned to Rome where he was elected quaestor, which he served at the city of Rome; upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he would be enrolled in the Senate.
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Cornelius was elected quaestor for 70 BC, and served under the consul Gnaeus Pompeius. Alongside Pompey's ally Aulus Gabinius, Cornelius was later elected tribune for the year 67 BC. At the start of his tribunate, he brought several controversial laws before the Roman People (populus Romanus). According to Asconius Pedianus, Cornelius had tried to persuade the Senate to ban senators from lending money to foreign envoys at high rates of interest. When the Senate refused, Cornelius proposed a bill re-instating the ancient principle that no one (including a senator) was exempt from the laws unless the populus had granted them special dispensation.
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Gaius returned to Rome, to appeal the decision. He was accused of unlawfully abandoning his post but won popular support when he pointed out that he had served twelve years - two more than the basic requirement - and had been quaestor for two years though legally only required to serve one. Furthermore, he had used the Roman money that he had brought with him to this quaestorship to aid Sardinia, and had never used his position to line his own pockets. He was then accused of aiding in an Italian revolt at Fregellae, but little evidence supported this.
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In Verrem I.14–16, II.5–12 At the same time, Marcus Tullius Cicero was an up-and- coming political figure. After defending Sextus Roscius of Ameria in 80 BC on a highly politically charged case of parricide, Cicero left for a voyage to Greece and Rhodes. There, he learned a new and less-strenuous form of oratory from Molon of Rhodes before rushing back into the political arena upon Sulla's death. Cicero would serve in Sicily in 75 BC as a quaestor, and in doing so made contacts with a number of Sicilian towns.
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Agricola was appointed as quaestor for 64, which he served in the province of Asia under the corrupt proconsul Lucius Salvius Otho Titianus. While he was there, his daughter, Julia Agricola, was born, but his son died shortly afterwards. He was tribune of the plebs in 66 and praetor in June 68, during which time he was ordered by the Governor of Spain Galba to take an inventory of the temple treasures. During that same, the emperor Nero was declared a public enemy by the Senate and committed suicide, and the period of civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors began.
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Hermann Dessau, and others after him, identify that person with this Gentianus, although Dessau may be wrong in further identifying the author of the poem as his sister.See Dessau's notes at ILS 1046a Gentianus' cursus honorum is known in frustratingly incomplete detail from a fragmentary inscription in Sarmizegetusa. Prior to acceding to the consulate, Gentianus held the usual posts of military tribune, quaestor, plebeian tribune, praetor, then governor of an imperial province; however, the portions of the inscription which identifies which legion he was tribune of and the name of the province he governed are both missing. However the inscription from Sarmizegetusa attests Gentianus was admitted to the College of Pontiffs.
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The cursus honorum of Priscus can be recovered from two inscriptions: the fragmentary one from Rome mentioned above, and one from Bononia in Aemilia. If we can trust the order of offices on this inscription to reflect the order they were held, his first recorded office was sevir equitum Romanorum of the annual review of the equites at Rome. Next was his membership as one of the tresviri monetalis, the most prestigious of the four boards that comprise the vigintiviri; assignment to this board was usually allocated to patricians or favored individuals. He then became a quaestor, which was important in providing the office holder admission to the Senate.
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An inscription from Lugdunum (now lost) provides details of his cursus honorum. Quartinus began his career in the emperor's service as an equestrian tribune with Legio III Cyrenaica, which was stationed at Bostra in Syria. He pleased the emperor Trajan, who adlected him in splendissimum ordinem, which, Ronald Syme explains, means that he was "given the latus clavus and he entered the Senate as quaestor urbanus".Syme, "A Dozen Early Priesthoods", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 77 (1989), p. 252 Syme also offers a possible reason for this honor: as tribune in III Cyrenaica, Quartinus participated in the Roman occupation of Arabia Petraea in the years 105/106.
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Dexter's cursus honorum is known from an inscription found at Budrum in Turkey. He began his career as one of the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards of the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. Then he was commissioned as a military tribune with Legio III Augusta, which at the time was stationed in Syria. He also served as sevir equitum Romanorum of the annual review of the equites at Rome prior to being quaestor, the office needed for Dexter to be enrolled into the Senate.
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His term as quaestor was followed by the Republican office plebeian tribune then praetor. According to the order of offices in the Budrum inscription, Dexter was admitted to the Septemviri epulonum, one of the four most prestigious collegia of ancient Roman priests, prior to acceding to the praetorship. After leaving that office, Dexter was commissioned as legatus or commander of Legio IV Scythica; Alföldy dated his tenure from around 144 to 147 based on incorrect information about the date of his quaestorship;Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen (Bonn: Habelt Verlag, 1977), pp. 160, 198 the date of Dexter's command of this legion thus must have been much later.
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Abbott, 151 Dictators had more "major powers" than any other magistrate, and after the Dictator was the censor, and then the consul, and then the praetor, and then the curule aedile, and then the quaestor. Any magistrate could obstruct ("veto") an action that was being taken by a magistrate with an equal or lower degree of magisterial powers.Abbott, 154 By definition, plebeian tribunes and plebeian aediles were technically not magistratesAbbott, 196 since they were elected only by the plebeians,Abbott, 151 and as such, . During the transition from republic to the Roman empire, the constitutional balance of power shifted from the Roman Senate back to the executive (the Roman Emperor).
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The press wrote of a "lethal blow to the Mafia", but Mori said to a member of his staff : > These people haven't understood yet that brigands and the Mafia are two > different things. We have hit the first, who are undoubtedly the most > visible aspect of Sicilian criminality, but not the most dangerous one. The > true lethal blow to the Mafia will be delivered when we are able to make > roundups not only among Prickly Pears, but in prefectures, police > headquarters, employers' mansions, and why not, some ministries. In 1920, he returned to the mainland and served in Turin as quaestor, followed by Rome and Bologna.
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Having presumably worked his way up the cursus honorum, achieving the pre-requisite offices of quaestor and praetor at an earlier date, in 66 BC Sulla stood for election to the consulship (to assume office in 65 BC). Sulla was elected consul by the unanimous vote of all the centuries and with Publius Autronius as his colleague.Cicero, Pro Sulla, 32. However, the two were not to enjoy their success for long as soon after the result had been declared Lucius Manlius Torquatus and Lucius Aurelius Cotta, who had both stood against Sulla in the election and lost, accused those who had defeated them of bribery.
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The inscription records he was sevir equitum Romanorum of the annual review of the equites at Rome, then he was adlected inter patricios -- into the patrician order. The reason for Ambibulus' admission to this highest stratum of Roman society is unknown, but it is only the first instance of favor shown to him by the emperor Trajan. Ambibulus was appointed quaestor to the emperor Trajan; to hold this magistracy in connection with the emperor was a very prestigious honor. After serving as legatus or assistant to the governor of Macedonia, as a patrician Ambibulus was excused from the next Republican magistracy and was the emperor's candidate for praetor.
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His origin and family are unknown, but his surname indicates an origin in the Isaurian Decapolis. He is first mentioned as a patrikios and quaestor in a Novel Law on the estates of stratiotai, which he composed and which is usually dated to 947 or slightly later. The Novel, following the principles on agrarian legislation established by Romanos I (r. 920–944), demanded the return to the peasants of any land allotted by the state which they had been forced to sell to the magnates (the dynatoi), with the provision that the price of the land should be repaid in full except by the poorest peasants.
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Gaius Verres returns to Rome. At the embezzlement court, chaired by Glabrio, Cicero submits his postulates, an application to prosecute. However, the court also receives a second application to prosecute Verres from Verres's quaestor, Caecilius Niger – a time delaying tactic by Hortensius and Cicero has to fight it out at the Temple of Castor and eventually wins against a biased jury, surprisingly supported by Catulus, the hard and snobbish old senator who is, nevertheless, a patriot to his marrow. Cicero is forced to borrow money from Terentia to support his case and leaves Rome on the Ides of January to seek evidence against Verres in Sicily.
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His career began in his teens with the vigintiviri, as one of the tresviri monetalis; assignment to this board was usually allocated to patricians or favored individuals. This was followed at the age of 25 as a quaestor in the prestigious service to the Emperor. In his 32nd or 33rd year, Barbarus was appointed consul, the usual age for patricians.For the age requirements of each step of a Senator's career under the Empire see John Morris, "Leges Annales under the Principate", Listy filologické / Folia philologica, 87 (1964), pp. 316-337; more recently restated in Richard Talbot, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), pp.
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Richard Bulliet, Professor of Middle Eastern History, Columbia University Crassus refused his quaestor Gaius Cassius Longinus's plans to reconstitute the Roman battle line, and remained in the testudo formation to protect his flanks until the Parthians eventually ran out of arrows. However, the Parthians had stationed camels carrying arrows to allow their archers to continually reload and relentlessly barrage the Romans until dusk. Despite taking severe casualties, the Romans successfully retreated to Carrhae, forced to leave many wounded behind to be later slaughtered by the Parthians. "The torture of Crassus", 1530s, Louvre Subsequently Crassus' men, being near mutiny, demanded he parley with the Parthians, who had offered to meet with him.
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Next he was assigned to serve as a military tribune in Legio VII Claudia stationed at Viminacium in Moesia Superior. This was followed by the traditional series of republican magistracies: first, quaestor assigned to assist with the administration of Rome, followed by plebeian tribune, then praetor. Syme argues the date of his praetorship fell in the years 90-94.Syme, Tacitus, p. 666 The sortition allotted to Caepio Hispo the public province of Hispania Baetica to govern; Werner Eck has dated his tenure in that province to 95/96.Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp.
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The son of Lucius Caecilius Metellus Calvus, in his youth he was sent to Athens, where he studied under Carneades, celebrated philosopher and great master of oratory. He returned ostensibly cultured and with brilliant oratorical skills. He was a quaestor in 126 BC, a tribune in 121 BC, an aedile in 118 BC, a praetor in 115 BC, Governor of Sicily in 114 BC and elected consul in 109 BC. Accused of extortion on leaving his governorship, the judges were so convinced of his good character that they dismissed the case against him unexamined. Metellus was generous in his support of the arts, sponsoring his friend the poet Archias.
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115 BC - 53 BC, killed by Parthians) :::: ::::: Publius Licinius Crassus (killed, or died by suicide 53 BC in war against Parthians) md 56/55 BC Cornelia Metella (herself great-granddaughter of Lucius Licinius Crassus), no issue. ::::: Marcus Licinius Crassus, quaestor to Julius Caesar; he married Caecilia Metella Cretica, whose tomb is still visible on the Appian Way. She was daughter of the consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus. They had at least one son :::::: Marcus Licinius Crassus (consul 30 BC), the last Roman general outside the Imperial family to earn a Roman triumph and the spolia opima; it is unclear to what extent Augustus permitted these to be celebrated.
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His next post, as legate to the proconsular governor of Asia, supports this hypothesis; in any case it demonstrates that Gallus had powerful mentors assisting his career, for only five other examples are known of men serving as legates to proconsuls prior to holding the office of quaestor, which he served in the public province of Bithynia and Pontus. The traditional Republican magistracies of plebeian tribune and praetor followed. Once he completed his term as praetor, Gallus was appointed to a series of imperial posts. First was curator of a network of Etruscan roads, which comprised the Trajanae novae: the Viae Clodia, Cassia, Annia, and the Ciminia.
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Quisthoudt-Rowohl with Angela Merkel From 1989 Quisthoudt-Rowohl was a member of the European Parliament where she was one of the senior deputies for the CDU in the European Parliament with Elmar Brok and Karl-Heinz Florenz. She was a member of the executive board (Quaestor) from 1997 to 2007 and was a member of the board of the EPP. As member of the Committee on International Trade, she advocated European car manufacturers against dumping prices of aluminium rims by Chinese manufacturers. At her request, the committee decided to criticize Turkey urgently because Turkey still does not allow Cyprus to export goods to Turkey.
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His cursus honorum is known from a three inscriptions set up in Ostia.; ; Priscus began his career as one of the quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the four boards that form the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward a gaining entry into the Roman Senate. He then was commissioned a military tribune with Legio V Macedonica, stationed at Troesmis on the Danube, in the imperial province of Moesia Inferior. He returned to Rome to hold the office of quaestor, which he served at the city, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Priscus would be enrolled in the Senate.
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Other traditions held that Iulus was the son of Aeneas by his Trojan wife, Creusa, while Ascanius was the son of Aeneas and Lavinia, daughter of Latinus.Servius, i. 267.Livy, i. 3. The dictator Caesar frequently alluded to the divine origin of his race, as, for instance, in the funeral oration which he pronounced when quaestor over his aunt Julia, and in giving Venus Genetrix as the word to his soldiers at the battles of Pharsalus and Munda; and subsequent writers and poets were ready enough to fall in with a belief which flattered the pride and exalted the origin of the imperial family.
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During this time he served as Quaestor (1995), Chairman of the Committee on Justice (1996–1999) and the Committee on Foreign Relations (1999) and Vice-President of the Chamber of Representatives and Chairman of the PRL-FDF parliamentary intergroup. In the Verhofstadt I Government Antoine Duquesne served as the Federal minister of the interior (1999–2003). In 2003–2004 Duquesne served as President of the MR. In 2003 Duquesne was elected to the Senate once more, served as Chairman of the Senate's Committee on Agriculture and Small Businesses, but he resigned in 2004 upon election to the European Parliament, in which he served 2004–2009.
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Varro was born in or near Reate (now Rieti) to a family thought to be of equestrian rank, and always remained close to his roots in the area, owning a large farm in the Reatine plain, reported as near Lago di Ripa Sottile, until his old age. He supported Pompey, reaching the office of praetor, after having been tribune of the people, quaestor and curule aedile. He was one of the commission of twenty that carried out the great agrarian scheme of Caesar for the resettlement of Capua and Campania (59 BC). alt= During Caesar's civil war he commanded one of Pompey's armies in the Ilerda campaign.
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The Province (basically what is now Tunisia and coastal regions to the east) became the scene of military campaigns directed by well known Romans during the last decades of the Republic. Gaius Marius celebrated his triumph as a result of successfully finishing Rome's war against Jugurtha, the Numidian king. A wealthy novus homo and populares, Marius was the first Roman general to enlist in his army proletari (landless citizens); he was chosen Consul an unprecedented seven times (107, 104–100, 86). The optimate Lucius Cornelius Sulla, later Consul (88, 80), and Dictator (82–79), had served as quaestor under the military command of Marius in Numidia.
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An aedilis curulis was classified as a magister curulis. The office of the aedilis was generally held by young men intending to follow the cursus honorum to high political office, traditionally after their quaestorship but before their praetorship. It was not a compulsory part of the cursus, and hence a former quaestor could be elected to the praetorship without having held the position of aedile. However, it was an advantageous position to hold because it demonstrated the aspiring politician's commitment to public service, as well as giving him the opportunity to hold public festivals and games, an excellent way to increase his name recognition and popularity.
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48 Upon promotion as a quaestor, he became a member of the Senate; moreover, he achieved a distinction rarely granted to a homo novus: being one of the two imperial quaestores. For the following years Quadratus advanced rapidly through the traditional republican magistracies, becoming curule aedile around the year 16 and praetor in 18. Immediately after that office, he became prefect of the aerarium Saturni, or overseer of the treasury of Saturn, then held a special office Tiberius had created: curator tabularum publicarum, or keeper of the public archives; Corbier assigns the dates he held these offices to the years 18 and 19 respectively.Corbier, "L'aerarium saturni", p.
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Suetonius relates how Julius Caesar, when visiting Gades as a quaestor (junior senator) saw a statue of Alexander the Great there and was saddened to think that he himself, though the same age, had still achieved nothing memorable.Suetonius, Divi Iuli, Vita Divi Iuli 7. The Bay of Cádiz in the Antiquity featuring a notably different coastline. The people of Gades had an alliance with Rome and Julius Caesar bestowed Roman citizenship on all its inhabitants in 49 BC. By the time of Augustus's census, Cádiz was home to more than five hundred equites (members of the wealthy upper class), a concentration rivaled only by Patavium (Padua) and Rome itself.Strabo. Geography.
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The political career of Marcus Tullius Cicero began in 76 BC with his election to the office of quaestor (he entered the Senate in 74 BC after finishing his quaestorship in Lilybaeum, 75 BC), and ended in 43 BC, when he was assassinated upon the orders of Mark Antony. Cicero, a Roman statesman, lawyer, political theorist, philosopher, and Roman constitutionalist, reached the height of Roman power, the Consulship, and played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. A contemporary of Julius Caesar, Cicero is widely considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists.Rawson, E.: Cicero, a portrait (1975) p.
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Snaekoll Gunnisson, a great-grandson of Rognvald Kali, demanded that Jon Haraldsson should share the Earldom with him. The supporters of Jon and Snaekoll fought a war until it was agreed that King Haakon IV of Norway should settle the matter. All concerned set off to Norway, but a ship carrying Jon Haraldsson, his supporters and his kin, was lost at sea on the return voyage during 1231.. An alternative version of Earl John's demise is that he was resident in Thurso, and had his hall burnt around him. He escaped to a cellar only to be mortally wounded by Hanef, quaestor to the King of Norway, with nine wounds.
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Marius Perpetuus was the son of Lucius Marius Perpetuus, an equestrian procurator, and the brother of Marius Maximus, the Roman imperial biographer. Although his career is fairly well documented, many of the dates in which he held office are uncertain. Possibly a member of the Vigintiviri, his first attested position was as Tribunus laticlavius of the Legio IV Scythica, posted in Syria. Standing as an imperial candidate for the office of quaestor, the next magistracy was either plebeian tribune or aedile; if he was not adlected into the praetorship, it is certain that he was a praetor to hold those offices he is attested as holding.
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The earliest office Maximus is attested as holding was in the quattuorviri viarum curandarum, one of the four boards that formed the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. Next he was commissioned a military tribune in Legio IV Scythica, during which time he distinguished himself, earning dona militaria from the emperor Trajan. Maximus returned to Rome, where he became a quaestor serving in the city, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Maximus was enrolled in the Senate. Following this he served as ab actis Senatus, or recorder of the Acta Senatus.
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Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), p. 5 Following this he was commissioned a military tribune with Legio VI Victrix, then stationed at the city of Legio (modern-day León) in Hispania Tarraconensis. After serving as a quaestor in Sicily, he accepted another commission as a military tribune with Legio IV Scythica in AD 62, stationed at Zeugma in Syria. At one point Vettonianus found himself commanding the legion under the leadership of Lucius Caesennius Paetus in the Roman–Parthian War of 58–63.Tacitus, Annales XV.7.1 The legion, however, was defeated in the Battle of Rhandeia and suffered dishonor.
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Marcus Aemilius Scaurus was a Roman politician of the 1st century BC and son of Marcus Aemilius Scaurus and Caecilia Metella Dalmatica. Scaurus lost his father when he was very young, but his education was ensured by family friends. Pompey the Great was briefly married to his sister Aemilia Scaura and, even after her death, Pompey continued to take personal interest in the young man. During the Third Mithridatic War, Pompey specifically asked for Scaurus to become his military tribune, and charged Scaurus, at the time a quaestor, with the responsibility for the Judea region, which was involved in a bloody civil war between the brothers Hyrcanus and Aristobulus.
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As quaestor pro praetore for Illyricum in 48 BC, he recovered the province and defended it against the attacks of Pompeius' fleet. In 46, he was sent to Cilicia, probably as legatus pro praetore, and then to Syria, where he prosecuted the war against Quintus Caecilius Bassus. In 45 BC, he was made a praetor and in the summer of 44 BC, after the assassination of Caesar, he was appointed governor of the province of Africa Vetus by the senate. Later in 44 BC, the senate, under the influence of Marcus Antonius, appointed Gaius Calvisius Sabinus governor of Africa Vetus, but Cornificius refused to give up the province.
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He is joined by Guillo, who, while resembling a mechanized puppet, is actually sentient and animated by magic. At the start of the game, the unit is given a dubious assignment to assassinate Emperor Olgan, although the ultimate source of the order is unclear. Before the two have a chance to actually carry out or reflect on the morality of this act, Olgan is killed by a third party. Blamed for the murder, Sagi and Guillo are then forced to flee, with a man named Geldoblame helping them in escaping while suggesting they meet up with his master, Quaestor Verus, due to Sagi and Verus both being spiriters.
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His name appears in the manuscript of Pomponius Mela and Julius Paris as the signature of a reviser, in the form Fl. Rusticius Helpidius Domnulus. Julius Paris is an abbreviator of Valerius Maximus, and lived at the end of the fourth century or the beginning of the fifth. Among the signatures of revisers of certain manuscripts he appears as quaestor sacri palatii ("count of the consistory"). There is a correspondent Sidonius named Domnulus, who, along with other major aristocrats, was present at a formal banquet for the Emperor Majorian during the winter of 458/459; this event is usually placed at Arles, but some authorities locate it at Lyons.Epist.
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Here are the exact words in translation of the major source of the topic, Plutarch in Sulla: :"But when Lucius Lucullus ordered him to give place to Sulla, who was coming, and to leave the conduct of the war to him, as the senate had voted, he at once abandoned Boeotia and marched back to Sentius." The Senate had given the war to Sulla in 88. In 87 Sulla was not Consul and had no power to conduct anything except under the authority of the Consuls for 87. Unless directed by those Consuls as Quaestor for that year, Lucullus had no power to demand anything from anyone.
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At the beginning of his consular career, Sulla was fortunate enough to find an incomparable Quaestor, Lucius Licinius Lucullus, who was able to be a confidant of all his plans, collaborate in operations planning, and serve as ambassador to rebel provinces and foreign states, all the while tending successfully to the duties of supply and finance. Expressing the full range of his capabilities, Lucullus was for the most part operating above his pay grade. He was better than the job he had. In recognition of this fact Sulla promoted him to acting fleet commander in 87, beginning with the task of procuring a fleet.
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Nearly half of all Roman legions in existence were sent to the Balkans to end the revolt, which was itself triggered by constant neglect, endemic food shortages, high taxes, and harsh behaviour on the part of the Roman tax collectors. This campaign, led by Tiberius and Quaestor Legatus Germanicus under Emperor Augustus, was one of the most difficult, and most crucial, in the history of the Roman Empire. Due to this massive redeployment of available legions, when Varus was named Legatus Augusti pro praetore in Germania, only three legions were available to him. Varus' name and deeds were well known beyond the empire because of his ruthlessness and crucifixion of insurgents.
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Publius Cornelius Anullinus (or, occasionally, Anulinus) was one of the generals of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus. He was from the city of Iliberis (Granada, or identified by modern scholars as likely being in or near Albayzín), and, while there is no clear information around this, it is believed he was not of a patrician family but was one of the equites. Anullinus served as the governor of the Roman province of Hispania Baetica in 170, and the later emperor Severus would serve under him as quaestor. It is believed (though there is no documentary evidence of this) that the two had met earlier in Rome, and Severus served at Anullinus's request.
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To qualify for the office, patrician ancestry was necessary; however it was once performed by a member of a family otherwise known as plebeian, the Marcii, earning for himself and his descendants the cognomen Rex. As has been mentioned, the administrative functions in religion, including at some point the housing in the ancient royal court, were ceded to the supreme pontiff. In the late Republic, the previous role of the king in choosing new senators and dismissing people from the senate was ceded to the censors. However, the role of choosing senators became rather limited as all magistrates down to the rank of quaestor eventually gained admission to the senate after the office's expiration.
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According to Cassius Dio, Germanicus was a popular quaestor because he acted as an advocate as much in capital jurisdiction cases before Augustus as he did before lesser judges in standard quaestiones (trials). He successfully defended, for example, a quastor accused of murder in AD 10 in which the prosecutor, fearing the jurors would find in favor of the defense out of deference for Germanicus, demanded a trial before Augustus. In AD 9, three Roman legions commanded by Varus were destroyed by a coalition of German tribes led by Arminius in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. As proconsul, Germanicus was dispatched with Tiberius to defend the empire against the Germans in AD 11.
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101 His cursus honorum is partially known from an inscription recovered at Antioch. The first office Postumus held was in the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that formed the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. This was followed by service as a military tribune in Legio XIII Gemina. After this, Postumus served as quaestor in attendance to the emperors Vespasian and Titus; in her doctoral dissertation Sarah Hillebrand dated this to the year 79, although Postumus could have held it any year Vespasian was emperor since his son Titus was considered his co-emperor.
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Cicero was both an Italian eques and a novus homo, but more importantly he was a Roman constitutionalist. His social class and loyalty to the Republic ensured that he would "command the support and confidence of the people as well as the Italian middle classes". The optimates faction never truly accepted Cicero, and this undermined his efforts to reform the Republic while preserving the constitution. Nevertheless, he successfully ascended the cursus honorum, holding each magistracy at or near the youngest possible age: quaestor in 75 BC (age 30), aedile in 69 BC (age 36), and praetor in 66 BC (age 39), when he served as president of the "Reclamation" (or extortion) Court.
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109-128 The earliest inscriptions to mention him, dated to his governorship of Lower Moesia (115-118), use the name Quintus Roscius Murena Coelius Pompeius Falco, indicating that he was adopted (condicio nominis ferendi) by another Senator in hopes of preserving his lineage. The name of this man has been disputed. Both Ronald Syme and Anthony Birley identify him as Marcus Roscius Coelius, the suffect consul of the year 81.Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), p. 97 There is also the proconsul of Bithynia and Pontus, Marcus (Roscius) Murena, his son Marcus (Roscius) Murena, and his grandson Marcus Roscius Quirnia Lupus Murena, quaestor of Creta et Cyrene.
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Broughton, pg. 79The dates of his praetorship and subsequent career are uncertain. It is possible that Domitius Calvinus was praetor in 81 BC, with the date of his propraetorship and death dated to 80 BC – see Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol III (1986), pg. 84 For the following year (79 BC) he was assigned the propraetorian province of Hispania Citerior.Broughton, pg. 84 His tenure coincided with the outbreak of the Sertorian War. Quintus Sertorius, an opponent of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla, had landed in Hispania Ulterior, and defeated its propraetor, Lucius Fufidius. Sertorius then took control of Hispania Ulterior while his legate and quaestor Hirtuleius marched on Domitius Calvinus in Hispania Citerior.
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The legate's nominal second-in-command was the single military tribune of senatorial rank attached to the legion, the laticlavius (literally: "broad-banded", referring to the wide stripe men of senatorial rank wore on their tunica). Typically the son of a senator (sometimes the legate's own son), and aged in his early twenties, he was performing his military service before seeking election as quaestor and thereby gaining a seat in the Senate (for which the minimum age was 25 years). His lack of military experience did not prevent him leading important combat missions. In the highly status-conscious Roman social system, his high birth would have commanded the automatic respect of even the most experienced commoner.
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At the beginning of Antoninus Pius' reign the family evidently stood in high favour: the father took his second consulship in 139 as colleague of the new emperor, and the son was elevated to patrician status about the same time. He went on to fill the coveted position of quaestor augusti to Antoninus. His first consulship fell in 153: he was consul ordinarius, initiating the year with Aulus Junius Rufinus as his colleague. He continued to prosper under Marcus Aurelius: like his father, he was Proconsul of Africa, in 166-167. In 178, Marcus Aurelius' son, the future Emperor Commodus, was married to Praesens’s daughter Bruttia Crispina and Marcus designated Praesens consul for the year 180.
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660 The second letter petitions him to appoint the son of Pliny's friend Asinius Rufus to serve as Fundanus' quaestor for Fundanus' upcoming consulate;Pliny, Epistulae, IV.15 Syme dates the letters from this part of Pliny's collection as "embracing the years 103-5."Syme, Tacitus, p. 661 The last letter is another petition to Fundanus, canvassing him on behalf of Julius Naso, who is running for an unnamed office;Pliny, Epistulae, VI.6 Syme notes that letters from this part of the collection can be dated to the years 105 to 107. While all of these letters demonstrate the two men were acquainted, they fail to show the warmth of a friendship.
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The career of Ambibulus up to his consulate can be reconstructed from a damaged inscription erected in Cuicul in Numidia; it was erected by order of the civic government to honor him as their patron. = ILS 9486 In this inscription, all of his posts are listed in chronological order, except oddly for the first in the list, a hitch as military tribune in a legion whose name is mostly missing. In the order Ambibulus held these offices, he began his career in his teenage years as one of the decemviri stlitibus iudicandis, which was one of the four boards comprising the vigintiviri. The traditional Republican magistracies followed: quaestor, plebeian tribune, and praetor.
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Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius' adoptive father and predecessor as emperor (Glyptothek) In 152, Lucius was named quaestor for 153, two years before the legal age of twenty-five (Marcus Aurelius held the office at seventeen). In 154, he was consul, nine years before the legal age of thirty- two (Marcus Aurelius held the office at eighteen and twenty-three). Lucius had no other titles, except that of "son of Augustus". Lucius had a markedly different personality than Marcus Aurelius: he enjoyed sports of all kinds, but especially hunting and wrestling; he took obvious pleasure in the circus- games and gladiatorial fights.HA Verus 2.9–11; 3.4–7; Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 108. He did not marry until 164.
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Boeotia though anti- Pontian was being compelled to submit. In the autumn of 88 BC Sulla's Quaestor (chief supply officer), one Lucullus (undoubtedly the same as Lucius Licinius Lucullus, written about by Plutarch), arrived to order Sura back to Macedonia and to make supply arrangements with Boeotia and the states of central Greece. In the spring of 87, Sulla abandoned the suite of impeachment and the Civil War to strike suddenly across the Adriatic into central Greece with 5 legions and some cavalry, in very round numbers, about 30,000 men, mainly veterans of the Social War, many no doubt from his prior command. Implied by the sudden strike story is the paradox of the ships.
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Rufinianus Bassus was the son of Lucius Caesonius Lucillus Macer Rufinianus and a member of the 3rd century Patrician gens Caesonia. Although Bassus had a lengthy and illustrious career, most of the posts he held are not easily dateable. It is conjectured that his career began around AD 240-245, either in the reign of Gordian III or Philip the Arab, with his posting as a Triumvir capitalis (prison manager), and this was followed with his posting as sevir turmae deducendae (commander of one of the six squadrons of equites, who had the responsibility for organizing and financially running the city’s games). He was then the imperial candidate for the posts of Quaestor and Praetor.
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His cursus honorum is known from a dedication to a statue raised by his fellow citizens at Saepium. The earliest office Proculus is attested as holding was in the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that formed the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. He served two commissions as military tribune: first with Legio VII Gemina then stationed at Legio (modern León); next with Legio VIII Augusta in Argentorate (modern Strasbourg), in Germania Superior. His next recorded office was quaestor, and upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Proculus would be enrolled in the Senate.
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As one of the triumviri capitalis, Silva was one of three responsible for assisting the judicial magistrates. Next he served as military tribune of Legio IV Scythica around the year 64, when it was stationed in Syria; in 67 or 68 he was quaestor, the first stage of the cursus honorum allowing entry in the Senate; and around the year 70 he served as tribune of the plebs. Next he was appointed legate of the Legio XXI Rapax, which was stationed at Vindonissa, likely for his support of Vespasian in the Year of the Four Emperors. Flavius Silva was patron of his home town Urbs Salvia, where he twice held the honorary position of praetor quinquennalis.
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Under the empire, as was the case during the late republic, one could become a senator by being elected quaestor (a magistrate with financial duties), but only if one were already of senatorial rank.Abbott, 381 In addition to quaestors, elected officials holding a range of senior positions were routinely granted senatorial rank by virtue of the offices that they held.Metz, 59, 60 If an individual was not of senatorial rank, there were two ways for him to become a senator. Under the first method, the emperor manually granted that individual the authority to stand for election to the quaestorship, while under the second method, the emperor appointed that individual to the senate by issuing a decree.
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The tomb of Praetextatus and of his wife Aconia Fabia Paulina, conserved at the Musei Capitolini, records his cursus honorum. Praetextatus held several religious positions: pontifex of Vesta and Sol, augur, tauroboliatus, curialis of Hercules, neocorus, hierophant, priest of Liber and of the Eleusinian mysteries. He also held several political and administrative positions: he was quaestor, corrector Tusciae et Umbriae, Governor of Lusitania, Proconsul of Achaea, praefectus urbi in 384He was in office at least since May 21 (Codex Theodosianus VI.5.2a) to at least September 9 (Codex Theodosianus I.54.5a). and was praetorian prefect of Italy and Illyricum,The inscription talks about two prefectures, but modern historians believe this is a mistake in the inscription (Jones).
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On his return from Sicily, where he had been quaestor between 61 BC and 60 BC, Clodius sought election as tribune of the plebs, with the intention of revenging himself on his bitter enemy, Cicero. However, patricians were deliberately excluded from this office, and Clodius was a member of Rome's most aristocratic patrician families. To achieve his goal, Clodius contrived to be adopted into a plebeian gens, and renounced his status as a patrician. Although the adoption of a member of one gens into another was perfectly legal, and a venerable practice in Roman society, the adoption arranged by Clodius was highly irregular, and violated all of the usual conditions and legal requirements of the process.
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Denarius issued by Publius Crassus Publius Crassus served as one of the monetales, or moneyers, authorized to issue coinage, most likely in the year of his father's consulship. In the late Republic, this office was a regular preliminary to the political career track for senators’ sons, to be followed by a run for quaestor when the age requirement of 30 was met. Common among the surviving coins issued by Publius Crassus is a denarius depicting a bust of Venus, perhaps a reference to Caesar's legendary genealogy, and on the reverse an unidentified female figure standing by a horse. The short-skirted equestrian holds the horse's bridle in her right hand, with a spear in her left.
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Historians generally agree that it is during this time that the question of Augustus' heir became most acute, and while Augustus had seemed to indicate that Agrippa and Marcellus would carry on his position in the event of his death, the ambiguity of succession became Augustus' chief problem.Southern, pp. 119–120. In response, a series of potential heirs seem to have been selected, among them Tiberius and his brother Drusus. In 24 BC, at the age of seventeen, Tiberius entered politics under Augustus' direction, receiving the position of quaestor,Velleius Paterculus, Roman History II.94 and was granted the right to stand for election as praetor and consul five years in advance of the age required by law.
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He notes the death of Agrippina's mother, who starved herself to death amidst her exile in AD 14, linking her death to Tiberius' disdain for her. Agrippina was vocal about her feelings claiming that Germanicus was murdered to promote Drusus the Younger as Tiberius' heir, and worried that the birth of the Younger Drusus' twin sons would displace her own sons in the line of succession. Her fears proved to be unfounded, with her son Nero receiving the toga virilis ("toga of manhood") from Tiberius and the Younger Drusus on 7 June AD 20. Further, Nero was promised the office of quaestor five years before the ordinary age and was wed to Tiberius' granddaughter Julia.
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Caesonius Lucillus was the son of Gaius Caesonius Macer Rufinianus and a member of the third century gens Caesonia, which was elevated to Patrician status during his time in politics. Much of what we know about him comes from an inscription found on the base of a statute near Tivoli, from Rome. He probably began his career at the beginning of the reign of Caracalla () as a member of the Vigintiviri, a group of minor magistracies, serving as a decemvir stlitibus judicandis. He was appointed as an imperial candidate to the office of quaestor, a senior position which could have involved one of a range of responsibilities, towards the end of Caracalla’s reign.
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Fabius' first known post was that of quaestor, in which capacity he served under Augustus during the emperor's travels through the eastern provinces from 22 to 19 BC.IG II2. 4130; Athens After his consulship, Fabius served as proconsul of Asia; the exact period of his administration is uncertain, with some sources favouring 10 to 8 BC,Syme, Augustan Aristocracy, p. 405.K. M. T. Atkinson, "The Governors of the Province Asia in the Reign of Augustus", Historia 7 (1958), pp. 300–330. and others as 6 to 5.B. A. Buxton & R. Hannah, "OGIS 458, the Augustan Calendar, and the Succession", in C. Deroux (ed.), Studies in Latin Literature and Roman History XII (Brussels, 2005), pp. 290–306.
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Quintus Cassius Longinus, the brother or cousin of Cassius (the murderer of Julius Caesar), was a governor in Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula, comprising modern Spain and Portugal) for Caesar. Cassius was one of the tresviri monetales of the Roman mint in 55 BC. He served as a quaestor of Pompey in Hispania Ulterior in 54 BC. In 49 BC, as tribune of the people, he strongly supported the cause of Caesar, by whom he was made governor of Hispania Ulterior. He treated the provincials with great cruelty, and his appointment in 48 BC to take the field against Juba I of Numidia gave him an excuse for fresh oppression. The result was an unsuccessful insurrection at Corduba.
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Tiberius' military career started in the Third Punic War, as military tribune appointed to the staff of his brother in law, Scipio Aemilianus. During his tenure as military tribune under Aemilianus, Tiberius became known for his bravery and discipline, recorded as the first to scale the enemy walls of Carthage during the Roman siege in 146 BC.Plutarch, Ti. Gracch. 4, In 137 BC he was appointed quaestor to consul Gaius Hostilius Mancinus and served his term in Numantia (Hispania province). The campaign was part of the Numantine War and was unsuccessful; Mancinus's army suffered major defeats and Mancinus himself had tried disgracefully to withdraw at night and caused his rearguard to be cut to pieces and the Roman camp looted.
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In this capacity, she was also a member of the Bureau Working Group on Buildings, Transport and Green Parliament and of the Advisory Committee dealing with Harassment Complaints between Accredited Parliamentary Assistants and Members of the European Parliament and its Prevention at the Workplace. Her role as quaestor made her part of the Parliament's leadership under President Martin Schulz.Toby Vogel (3 July 2014), MEPs elect five quaestors European Voice. On the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, Morin was one of the Parliament's rapporteurs on a proposed revision of the EU's 1996 directive on posted workers, who are sent by employers to work temporarily in another country.Maïa de La Baume (10 May 2016), Countries flash ‘yellow card’ at EU changes to cross-border work rules Politico Europe.
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The cursus honorum of Caecilianus can be mostly reconstructed from a damaged inscription found in Amiternum (modern San Vittorino), erected by his wife (whose name is lost) and his freedman Atlans. = ILS 8969 The earliest office he is known to have held was in the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that formed the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. Next he was commissioned a military tribune with Legio VIII Augusta, at the time stationed in Pannonia. Upon returning to Rome, Caecilianus was appointed quaestor, and served in the Senatorial province of Baetica; upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he would be enrolled in the Senate.
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When Caesar was assassinated in 44, Pollio was leading his forces in Hispania against Sextus Pompeius, and distinguishing himself early in the campaign.Velleius Paterculus, Roman History 2.73 He had accepted the commission reluctantly because of a personal enmity with another of Caesar's allies. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was appointed the new governor of the province,Velleius Paterculus, Roman History 2.63 but Pollio, while remaining loyal to Caesar's supporters, held out against him, announcing at Corduba that he would not hand over his province to anyone who did not have a commission from the Senate.Cicero, Letters to Friends 10.31 A few months later his quaestor, Lucius Cornelius Balbus, absconded from Gades with the money intended to pay the soldiers, and fled to Mauretania.
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His duties involved: the supervision of travellers and men from the Byzantine provinces who visited Constantinople; the supervision of beggars; jurisdiction on complaints from tenants against their landlords; the supervision of the capital's magistrates; jurisdiction over cases of forgery. Finally, he had an extensive jurisdiction over wills: wills were sealed with the quaestor's seal, opened in his presence, and their execution supervised by him. The 9th-century quaestor ranked immediately after the logothetēs tou genikou in the lists of precedence (34th in Philotheos's Klētorologion of 899). The post survived into the late Byzantine period, although by the 14th century, nothing had remained of the office save the title, which was conferred as an honorary dignity, ranking 45th in the imperial hierarchy.
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François Ibovi, the Minister of Territorial Administration, was elected as First Vice-President of the National Assembly, Bernard Tchibambelela of the MCDDI was elected as Second Vice-President, Pierre Ngolo of the PCT was elected as First Secretary, and Claudine Munari, an independent, was elected as Second Secretary. All of the seven members of the National Assembly's bureau were from the ruling majority, and six of them were elected without opposition. In the only contested election, a UPADS candidate received 12 votes against 115 for the ruling majority's candidate in the vote for the position of First Quaestor. The heads of the seven permanent commissions in the National Assembly, as well as the heads of its three parliamentary groups, were elected later in September.
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It is easy to say in retrospect that Ariovistus should have thrown his entire force against the two lines of battle while the third (the reserve) was preoccupied or that he should have attacked the four legions while they were divided from the two, but the tides of battle are never predictable, no matter what the odds. The next day Caesar used the auxiliaries from the forward camp as cover while he brought all six rested and fed legions to a starting line before it in acies triplex formation. Each tribune conspicuously took personal charge of one legion, and the quaestor took the 6th. Caesar wanted the men to see that they were under the eyes of the entire senior command, which would certainly share their fate.
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Since no senator could stand for election to a magisterial office without the Emperor's approval, Senators usually did not vote against bills that had been presented by the Emperor. If a senator disapproved of a bill, he usually showed his disapproval by not attending the Senate meeting on the day that the bill was to be voted on.Abbott, 384 Each Emperor selected a quaestor to compile the proceedings of the Senate into a document (the acta senatus), which included proposed bills, official documents, and a summary of speeches that had been presented before the Senate. The document was archived, while parts of it were published (in a document called the acta diurna or "daily doings") and then distributed to the public.
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Adergoudounbades was appointed as the new head of the Kanarangiyan, while Siyawush was appointed as the head of the Sasanian army (arteshtaran-salar). Kavad's reclaim of his throne displays the troubled circumstances of the empire, where in a time of anarchy a small force was able to overwhelm the nobility-clergy alliance. In , Kavad, in order to secure the succession of his youngest son Khosrow I, whose position was threatened by rival brothers and the Mazdakite sect, proposed that the Byzantine Emperor Justin I adopt him. The proposal was initially greeted with enthusiasm by the Byzantine Emperor and his nephew, Justinian, but Justin's quaestor, Proclus, opposed the move, due to the concern of Khosrow possibly later trying to take over the Byzantine throne.
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He felt a blessing in this location, dedicated as it is to St. James the Great, the patron saint of his native Galicia, to whom he prayed constantly throughout his life. At the friary, over the course of the following year, he held a number of offices: cook, sacristan, gardener and porter. He was then assigned to the large community of friars in the city of Puebla, at that time consisting of about 100 friars, most of whom were doing their studies or were retired or recovering from illness. He was appointed to be the quaestor of the community, the one assigned to travel throughout the local community, seeking food and alms for the upkeep of the friars and those who came to them for help.
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976–1025); Leo, who served under Basil and was killed in Italy in 1017; Pulcheria Argyropoulina, who married the magistros Basil Skleros; a sister who married Constantine Karantenos, who served as doux of Antioch under Romanos; and Maria Argyropoulina, who married Giovanni Orseolo, son of Doge Pietro II Orseolo. Constantine VIII on the reverse of a histamenon He served as krites (judge) in Opsikion, with the rank of protospatharios (one of the highest judicial ranks, usually awarded to senior generals and provincial governors). In this capacity he persecuted heretics at Akmoneia. He was then promoted to the post of quaestor (the senior judicial official for the imperial capital, Constantinople) and became one of the judges of the Hippodrome, the High Court of the Empire.
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His career can be reconstructed from an inscription found in Tuscany. There is no information about which board Cornutus Tertullus served on as a member of the vigintiviri, so it may be possible he missed that office in his cursus honorum. The first office Cornutus is recorded as holding was urban quaestor, which was followed by aedile as he proceeded through the traditional republican magistracies, before being adlected as a praetor by Vespasian and Titus, likely during their censorship of AD 73/74. The specific reason that Cornutus received this promotion is not recorded; examining the evidence, George W. Houston could find no evidence of how he aided the Flavian cause during the Year of Four Emperors or the following year.
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It is thought that Cassius began his career during the reign of Antoninus Pius. He may have been adlected as a quaestor in 154 AD. It is thought that he became a legatus of one of the legions stationed in Moesia Inferior, which guarded against the Sarmatians, during the late years of Pius' rule (138–161), and it is certain that he was a legatus by at least 161AD, the last year of Pius' reign. Cassius rose to prominence rapidly 164AD, under the co-emperors Lucius Verus and Marcus Aurelius, during the Parthian war of Lucius Verus, serving as the legatus of Legio III Gallica. In 165, he led Legio III Gallica down the Euphrates, and defeated the Parthians at Dura- Europos.
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Every governor had at his disposal a diversity of advisors and staff, who were known as his comites (Latin for "companions"); the number of these depended on the governor's social standing and rank. These comites would serve as the governor's executive council, with each supervising a different aspect of the province, and assisting the governor in decision making. In the provinces with a significant legionary presence, the governor's second-in-command was usually a quaestor, a man elected in Rome and sent to the province to serve a mainly financial role, but who could command the military with the governor's approval. In other provinces, governors themselves appointed non-magistrate prefects or procurators to govern a small part of the province and act as their second-in-command.
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The proposal was initially greeted with enthusiasm by the Roman Emperor and his nephew, Justinian but Justin's quaestor, Proculus, opposed the move. Despite the breakdown of the negotiations, it was not until 530 that war on the main eastern frontier began. In the intervening years, the two sides preferred to wage war by proxy, through Arab allies in the south and Huns in the north.. Tensions between the two powers were further heightened by the defection of the Iberian king Gourgen to the Romans. According to Procopius, Kavadh I tried to force the Christian Iberians to become Zoroastrians, who in 524–525 under the leadership of Gourgen rose in revolt against Persia, following the example of the neighboring Christian kingdom of Lazica.
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It is easy to say in retrospect that Ariovistus should have thrown his entire force against the two lines of battle while the third (the reserve) was preoccupied or that he should have attacked the four legions while they were divided from the two, but the tides of battle are never predictable, no matter what the odds. The next day Caesar used the auxiliaries from the forward camp as cover while he brought all six rested and fed legions to a starting line before it in acies triplex formation. Each tribune conspicuously took personal charge of one legion, and the quaestor took the 6th. Caesar wanted the men to see that they were under the eyes of the entire senior command, which would certainly share their fate.
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The son of Lucius and a member of the Roman tribe Camilia, Carus' career began with his appointment to the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards of the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. This was followed by serving as a military tribune, firstly of the Legio VIII Augusta, at the time stationed at Argentoratum (Strasbourg), then of the Legio IX Hispana, sometime after AD 122.Cowan, R. Roman Legionary AD 69-161 (2013), p. 10 Returning to Rome, Carus began his climb up the series of Republican magistracies: first appointed quaestor to the Emperor, then Plebeian Tribune before achieving the Praetorship.
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A successful imperial candidate for both the offices of Quaestor and Praetor, he was eventually promoted to the rank of Legatus legionis in the Legio XXII Primigenia at Moguntiacum around the year AD 184. It is speculated that it was during this time that Rufus Lollianus formed a working relationship with the future emperor Septimius Severus, who was the governor of Gallia Lugdunensis. He was appointed consul suffectus in around AD 186-188, after which Rufus Lollianus may have been the curator rei publicae Puteolanorum et Veliternorum. Possibly from AD 189-192, he was the Legatus Augusti pro praetore (or imperial governor) of Hispania Tarraconensis. Between AD 194 and 197, Rufus Lollianus was the Comes (or companion) to the emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla on three occasions.
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After successive assignments to Antequera, Granada and Seville again, on 21 February 1914 Leopold was moved permanently to the friary in Granada, where he lived for the next 42 years. Most of the time Leopold served as the quaestor (seeker) of the community, which had him walk around the city and into many homes requesting donations. Gradually he became a familiar sight in the city, so many people sought his advice or intercession, beginning to know him as "the humble beggar of the three Hail Marys," because that was the prayer dedicated to those who sought his blessing. Leopold died in Granada on 9 February 1956, and is buried in a crypt of the friary church dedicated to his honor.
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Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p. 392 Senatorial provinces, conversely, were centered along the Mediterranean Sea and did not possess any significant military force; the province of Bithynia and Pontus, being located along the southern Black Sea coast, was an exception although it too lacked any significant garrison. Augustus allowed the Senate to appoint the governors of these provinces as it had done with all provinces under the Republican system: a sortition was used to select a proconsul who would have imperium over the territory, and be assisted by a legatus or a lieutenant governor, and quaestor who handled financial issues. The Roman writer Pliny the Younger was governor of the province in AD 110-113.
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He gathered a fleet consisting of eighty transport ships, sufficient to carry two legions (Legio VII and Legio X), and an unknown number of warships under a quaestor, at an unnamed port in the territory of the Morini, almost certainly Portus Itius (Boulogne). Another eighteen transports of cavalry were to sail from a different port, probably Ambleteuse. These ships may have been triremes or biremes, or may have been adapted from Venetic designs Caesar had seen previously, or may even have been requisitioned from the Veneti and other coastal tribes. Clearly in a hurry, Caesar himself left a garrison at the port and set out "at the third watch" – well after midnight – on 23 August with the legions, leaving the cavalry to march to their ships, embark, and join him as soon as possible.
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In 43 BC, following the murder, he became a quaestor and built a fleet which supported Gaius Cassius Longinus against Publius Cornelius Dolabella off the coast of the province of Asia. At the same time he wrote a report to Cicero from Cyprus on the situation, which has been handed down in the latter's correspondence.Cicero, Ad Familiares 12.13 In November of 43 Cassius Parmensis, like many other enemies of Caesar, was declared an outlaw (proscribed) by the triumvirate of Mark Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus. After the defeat of the party of the murderers of Caesar in the Battle of Philippi (autumn of 42 BC), he gathered the remaining military units and was able to bring himself and the undamaged fleet to safety for a while with Sextus Pompeius in Sicily.
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Mennen, pg. 122 he was one of the imperial candidates for the office of Quaestor, followed by his nomination for the office of Praetor tutelarius, responsible for matters pertaining to guardianships. After this Postumius Quietus may have been the Legatus pro praetore in the province of Asia.Mennen, pg. 121 This was followed by his posting as Curator rei publicae Aeclanensium item Ocriculanorum (or guardian of the towns of Aeclanum and Ocriculum). Next, he was appointed Curator viae [...] et alimentorum (or official responsible for maintaining some important Roman roads and ensuring Rome’s food supply). He was the last known official who was responsible for the Alimenta, leading to speculation that the emperor Aurelian replaced the distribution of free grain to the citizens of the city with another form of dole.
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The younger Crassus was the son of another Marcus Licinius Crassus, possibly by his wife Caecilia Metella Cretica, daughter of the consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus (see Caecilius Metellus); his mother's tomb is visible on the Appian Way. The father was a quaestor to Julius Caesar, and a son, possibly the eldest son,Details of his genealogy are taken from the German Wikipedia; however, most historical sources online say that the eldest son was named Publius, the traditional name of the eldest son in the Licinius gens. Publius died in Syria with his father in 53 BC. of the triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus possibly by his first wife (widow of an elder brother killed in December 87 BC). Crassus the Younger apparently had no surviving sons by his wife.
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138–161), and Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180), as well as the shorter reign of Marcus Aurelius' first co-Emperor, Lucius Verus (r. 161-169). In the Roman government, Julianus gradually rose in rank through a traditional series of offices. He was successively quaestor to the Emperor Hadrian (with double the usual salary), tribune of the plebs, praetor, praefectus aerarii Saturni, and praefectus aerarii militaris, before assuming the high annual office of Roman consul in 148.H. F. Jolowicz and Barry Nicholas, Historical Introduction to the Study of Roman Law (Cambridge University 1932 by Jolowicz; 3d ed. 1972 by Nicholas) at 384–385. Julianus also served in the emperor's inner circle, the consilium principis, which functioned something like a modern cabinet, directing new legislation, but also sometimes like a court of law.
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Roman baths Lilybaeum Town houses, Lilybaeum In 218 BC, in the Second Punic War, the Battle of Lilybaeum was fought between the navies of Carthage and Rome when Carthage attempted a secret raid on the city to re- establish a base. Marcus Amellius, the praetor at Lilybaeum, was told about the impending raid and prepared his 20 ships which managed to defeat the 50 opposing quinqeremes. In the republican period the city was enriched with mansions and public buildings and dubbed splendidissima urbs by Cicero, who served as quaestor in the region between 76 and 75 BC. During the Civil Wars Lilybaeum was twice besieged, in 43 BC by Sextus Pompeius and 38 by Lepidus during which the walls were further strengthened as shown by an inscription. The city walls were abandoned in the 4th c.
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The office was created by Emperor Constantine I (), with the duties of drafting of laws and the answering of petitions addressed to the emperor. Although he functioned as the chief legal advisor of the emperor and hence came to exercise great influence, his actual judicial rights were very limited.. Thus from 440 he presided, jointly with the praetorian prefect of the East, over the supreme tribunal in Constantinople which heard appeals (the so-called causae sacrae, since these cases were originally heard by the emperor) from the courts of the diocesan vicarii and the senior provincial governors of spectabilis rank. According to the Notitia Dignitatum, the quaestor held the rank of vir illustris and did not have a staff (officium) of his own, but was attached a number of aides (adiutores) from the departments of the sacra scrinia.Notitia Dignitatum, Pars Orient.
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An inscription, now preserved in the Museum of Mytilene, provides details of Macrinus' cursus honorum.Greek text published with a French translation in René Hodot, "La grande inscription de M. Pompeius Macrinus à Mytilène", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 34 (1979), pp. 221-237 The earliest office mentioned in this inscription was the quaestor, which he is said to have served in Bithynia and Pontus; Werner Eck dates his quaestorship to 98/100.Eck, "Miscellanea prosopographica", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 42 (1981), pp. 245f Upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy Macrinus would be enrolled in the Senate.Richard Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p. 16 This was followed by the other Republican magistracies, plebeian tribune and praetor. After stepping down from the office of praetor, Macrinus received a series of imperial appointments.
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Upon hearing that his victim survived, albeit with a severe wound, Fimbria launched against him a prosecution before the people (judicium populi). When asked what charges could he possibly bring against such a well-reputed man, Fimbria declared that the victim had failed to submit his body to the full thrust of the blade.Cicero Pro Roscio Amerino 12.33 Cinna's government in 86 BC organized a military expedition to the province of Asia to manage Rome's ongoing war against the king of Pontus, Mithridates, and to serve as a political and military countermeasure to the now outlawed general Sulla, the regime's main opponent, who was at this moment also fighting Mithridates. The expedition was to be led by Marius's replacement consul, Lucius Valerius Flaccus, and Fimbria, owing presumably to his position as quaestor, joined him as the foremost member of his staff.
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No speeches for the defence are mentioned; the senators had little alternative but to vote for the death penalty, in the form of the 'free choice of death' (liberum mortis arbitrium), that is, an order to commit suicide. In a separate action, Barea Soranus and his daughter Servilia were also condemned to death; with Thrasea were condemned, but to lesser penalties, his son-in-law Helvidius Priscus and associates Paconius Agrippinus and Curtius Montanus.Tacitus, Annales 16.27-9, 33 When the news was brought to Thrasea at his suburban villa, where he was entertaining a number of friends and sympathisers, he retired to a bedroom, and had the veins of both his arms opened. Calling to witness the quaestor who had brought the death sentence, he identified the shedding of his blood as a libation to Iuppiter Liberator—Jupiter who gives freedom.
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The same he published a panegyric poem in Lithuanian dedicated to Tsar Alexander II of Russia and his visit to Vilnius (because it was submitted late, it was not included in the main album, but published separately). Several former students and professors of Vilnius University hoped to persuade the Tsar to reopen the university. In 1860, with the help of , Akelaitis published five works in Lithuanian (in total, 26,000 copies) as the first works of the planned folk library series. It was a Lithuanian (Western Aukštaitian dialect) primer, two prayer books, and two reworkings of short didactic stories by , Kwestorius po Lietuwą ważinedamas żmonis bemokinąsis (Quaestor, Traveling Across Lithuania, Teaches People) and Jonas Iszmisłoczius kromininkas (Shopkeeper John the Wise), which in turn was a reworking of a French story by and was already published in Lithuanian in 1823.
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The military advance was likewise attended by a series of bad omens, and the elder Crassus was frequently at odds with his quaestor, Cassius Longinus, the future assassin of Caesar. Cassius's strategic sense is presented by Plutarch as superior to that of his commander. Little is said of any contribution by Publius Crassus until a critical juncture at the river Balissus (Balikh), where most of the officers thought the army ought to make camp, rest after a long march through hostile terrain, and reconnoiter. Marcus Crassus instead is inspired by the eagerness of Publius and his Celtic cavalry to do battle, and after a quick halt in ranks for refreshment, the army marches headlong into a Parthian trap.For overviews of the Parthian campaign and the Battle of Carrhae, see Martin Sicker, The Pre-Islamic Middle East (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000), pp.
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When accused by Sulla (to whom he had been quaestor in 81 BC) of having squandered the public money, he refused to render any account, but insolently held out the calf of his leg (sura), on which part of the person boys were punished when they made mistakes in playing ball, akin to inviting a slap on the wrist. He was praetor in 75 BC, governor of Sicily in 74 BC, and consul in 71 BC. In 70, being expelled from the senate with a number of others for immorality, he joined Catiline. Relying upon a Sibylline oracle that three Cornelii should be rulers of Rome, Lentulus regarded himself as the destined successor of Lucius Cornelius Sulla and Lucius Cornelius Cinna. When Catiline left Rome after Cicero's second speech In Catilinam, Lentulus took his place as chief of the conspirators in the city.
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His Graecophile lifestyle, and his unconventional way of wearing the Roman toga, raised much opposition among some Senators of Rome, led by Cato the Elder who felt that Greek influence was destroying Roman culture. Cato, as a loyalist of Fabius Maximus, had been sent out as quaestor to Scipio in Sicily circa 204 BC to investigate charges of military indiscipline, corruption, and other offence against Scipio; none of those charges was found true by the tribunes of the plebs accompanying Cato (it may or may not be significant that years later, as censor, Cato degraded Scipio's brother Scipio Asiaticus from the Senate. It is certainly true that some Romans of the day viewed Cato as a representative of the old Romans, and Scipio and his like as Graecophiles). He often visited the temple of Jupiter and made offerings there.
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Ptolemy Apion, the last king of the Hellenistic Kingdom of Cyrenaica left his kingdom to the Roman Republic when he died childless in 96 BC. Rome readily accepted this inheritance from Ptolemy Apion but preferred to leave the administration to local rulers, rather than enforcing direct control. However, by the 70s BC, civil uprisings by Jewish settlers began to destabilise the province and the Senate was forced to take action. In 74 BC, they sent a low level official, the quaestor Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus, to officially annex Cyrenaica as a Roman province and restore order. That the Senate sent such a low-ranking official indicates the political difficulty the Republic had in governing its growing empire, as well as indicting the ease with which Cyrenaica was willing to submit to Roman governance and the stability it brought.
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Lucius Licinius Murena was son and namesake of Lucius Licinius Murena who had fought in the Second Mithridatic War. He began his public career as quaestor in c. 75 BC. When the Third Mithridatic War began, in 73 BC, Murena was appointed legatus for, Lucius Licinius Lucullus, the proconsul in charge of the Roman war effort in the east and a fellow Licinius. Murena served in the East for several years; he had the command of one of Lucullus's legions, and in 72 BC Lucullus even entrusted him with the siege of Amisus, a major Pontic city. In 65 BC, Murena was urban praetor and made himself popular by the magnificence of the games he provided. After his praetorship, Murena was the governor of Gallia Transalpina in 64 BC and part of 63 BC. On his way there he levied some troops in Umbria.
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Eventually, a connection between the two deceased women is deduced: both had joined tours provided by Seven Sights, a tour company of dubious reputation, currently operating in Greece. Falco's investigation does not go smoothly, however: the Roman authorities are not interested in properly investigating the deaths (much less governing Greece itself), and at Olympia Falco is attacked by a potential suspect, who later turns up dead in suspicious circumstances, the death blamed on Falco's ward Glaucus. Low on funds and unwilling to be confronted by the angry locals, Falco and his followers - Helena, Albia, Glaucus and Falco's nephews - are forced to leave Olympia for Corinth but not before discovering that Valeria's killer may have been connected to athletes who trained at Olympia. Things do not look better at Corinth however: the governor is out, and his deputy, the quaestor Aquillus Macer, is proven to be extremely inept and inexperienced.
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These events were also observed by Marius's quaestor, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who later came to rival Marius in the first of the great civil wars of the Late Republic. The beginning of this rivalry, according to Plutarch, was purportedly Sulla's crucial role in the negotiations for and eventual capture of Jugurtha, which led to Sulla wearing a ring portraying the capture despite Marius being awarded the victory for it. The Roman historian Sallust wrote a monograph, Bellum Jugurthinum, on the Jugurthine War emphasising this decline of Roman ethics and placed it, along with his work on the Conspiracy of Catiline, in the timeline of the degeneration of Rome that began with the Fall of Carthage and ended with the Fall of the Roman Republic itself. Sallust is one of the most valuable sources on the war, along with Plutarch's biographies of Sulla and Marius.
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Since January 2012 he is vice-chairman of AFET - Committee on Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament. 2014 - till now Member of European Parliament Presidency (Quaestor), member of the Committee on Foreign Policy and European Affairs and member of the Subcommittee on Security and Defence and the Delegation for Relations with the United States. Substitute of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety. Substitute of Parliamentary Committee EU-FYROM 2009 – 2014 Member of the European Parliament, Head of the Bulgarian Delegation in the EPP Group in the European Parliament, member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Subcommittee on Security and Defence, deputy member the Committee on Regional Development Member of the Delegation for Relations with the United States and substitute in the Delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
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He then received his first military commission, as the tribunus laticlavius of Legio XVI Flavia Firma, which was stationed at Satala at the time. He returned to Rome, where he was elected quaestor urbanus, and after his praetorship, Varro was assigned his first legion to command, Legio XII Fulminata which was stationed in the border province of Cappadocia. The sortition awarded him proconsular governor of Hispania Baetica which he held for a year, and Birley speculates that it may have been while he held this post that he came to the attention of Hadrian, who assigned Varro the "delicate" job of uprooting Legio VI Victrix from its long-term home and relocating it to Britain. His command of a second legion was followed by a term as prefect of the aerarium Saturni, or public treasury, after which Varro was appointed suffect consul in 127 with Junius Paetus as his colleague.
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Frustrated at the stagnation and likely facing political pressure from Rome, Metellus's lieutenant, Gaius Marius, returned to Rome to seek election as consul in 107 BC. After winning the election, Marius returned to Numidia to take control of the war which Jugurtha was prolonging through successful guerrilla warfare. Jugurtha was allied with his western neighbor Mauretania by marriage, Bocchus I of Mauretania both his ally and father-in- law, an age-old diplomatic move. At the outset of the major war (112–105 BC), Bocchus stood out of the way of the issue, eventually joining Jugurtha in the fighting against Marius in 107 BC. This was short-lived support, though, as in 105 BC Marius sent his quaestor, Sulla, to Mauretania in order to weaken Jugurtha. Bocchus agreed to betray Jugurtha and hand him over to Sulla in exchange for extension of his lands into western Numidia to the Mulucha River.
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In the inscription on the base of the statue he dedicated to his father-in-law, Quintus Fabius Memmius Symmachus calls Flavianus historicus disertissimus.CIL, VI, 1782 In fact, Flavianus wrote a history of Rome entitled Annales ("Annals"), now lost; it was dedicated to Theodosius (probably when Flavianus was quaestor sacri palatii in the 380s)Dennis Trout, Paulinus of Nola: Life, Letters, and Poems, University of California Press, 1999, , p. 40. and written in annalist form. As the title suggests, it might have been a continuation of the Annals by Tacitus: in fact, the often unreliable Historia Augusta, in the book devoted to the life of the Emperor Aurelian (270–275), includes a letter from Aurelian to Queen Zenobia that the author claims to have been reported by a Nicomachus; it is therefore possible that Nicomachus' work was a continuation of Tacitus' until at least Aurelian.
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It was there in 1834 that he was appointed as the "quaestor" or alms collector for that area and he dedicated his life to collecting donations for the support of the friars and their charitable works; in 1840 he was made the friars' chief beggar who would also help look after the other friars that went out begging. But at the start of this venture he was often heckled and even assailed with stones for this and he would respond in picking up the stones thrown at him and kissing them as a sign of forgiveness. The friar often said that he was more blessed in giving than in receiving while providing help and comfort to all those in need through disseminating merciful love to all and examples of virtue amongst the workers and the poor people of the port. The friar spent countless hours kneeling in solemn reflection before the Eucharist.
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Due to an inscription erected in Timgad in current-day Algeria by a civic council commemorating his status as town patron, we know his career up to the point he held the consulate. Priscus set up a dedication to Jupiter Optimus Maximus a few years earlier at Foum-Meriel, also in Algeria, which helps to determine the sequence of some of his offices. Priscus began his career serving as the sevir equitum Romanorum at the annual review of the equites. Next he was one of the magistrates known as the decemviri stlitibus judicandis, one of the four boards that formed the vigintiviri; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate.Discussed in more detail by Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 4-8 Next Priscus was appointed a quaestor, which admitted him to the senate.
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Pflaum, "Deux familles sénatoriales", p. 108 The earliest office Gallus is recorded as holding was quaestor, which he discharged in the province of Asia; upon completion of this traditional Republican magistracy he was enrolled in the Senate. Two more of the traditional Republican magistracies followed: plebeian tribune and praetor. Upon completing his term as praetor, Gallus was selected as legatus or assistant to the proconsular governor of Africa. Upon returning to Rome, he was appointed curator of a network of roads in Etruria: the Via Clodia, Annia, Cassia, Cimina, and the Via Nova Trajana; Pflaum dates his curatorship of these roads to the years 117-120.Pflaum, "Deux familles sénatoriales", p. 113 Following this, Gallus was appointed legatus or commander of the Legio III Gallica stationed at Raphaneae in Syria. He returned to Rome, where the sortition allocated him the public province of Gallia Narbonensis to govern; Werner Eck assigns the term 124/125 to his tenure in that province.
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An inscription from Tivoli provides details for the earlier part of his cursus honorum. Saturninus started his career in the reign of the emperor Domitian, as one of the tresviri monetalis, the most prestigious of the four boards that comprise the vigintiviri; assignment to this board was usually allocated to patricians or individuals favored by the emperor. The next honors listed on the inscription are membership in the Salii Collinus and election as one of the Pontiffs, which apparently happened when he was in his twenties. Then at the age of 25, he held the post of quaestor, being selected as one of the pair allocated to attend to the emperor; the duties of these quaestors included reading the Emperor's speeches to the Senate.Anthony R. Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), p. 15 The inscription breaks off where it mentions his appointment as praetor, which usually happened at the age of 30.
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Sextus Erucius Clarus (died March 146) was a Roman senator and aristocrat. He was Urban prefect and twice consul, the second time for the year AD 146. Clarus was the nephew of Gaius Septicius Clarus, a friend of Pliny the Younger. Erucius Clarus was also a friend of Pliny, who assisted him in obtaining from the Emperor Trajan the latus clavus, allowing him to hold the office of quaestor; Ronald Syme dates when he held the magistracy as between the years 99 and 101.Syme, "Pliny's Less Successful Friends", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 9 (1960), p. 367 A letter from Pliny to Lucius Domitius Apollinaris (suffect consul 97) exists where the former asks the latter to help Clarus in his pursuit of the office of plebeian tribune.Pliny, Epistulae, 2.9 Clarus is also the addressee of a letter from Pliny.Pliny, Epistulae 1.15 Aulus Gellius writes of Clarus as a contemporary, stating that he was very devoted to the study of ancient literature.
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The inscription in footnote 1 The Athenians awarded him a statue with an inscription in the Theater of Dionysus (IG II2 3286) offering a detailed account of his cursus honorum thus far.The Athenian inscription confirms and expands the one in Historia Augusta; see John Bodel, ed., Epigraphic Evidence: Ancient History From Inscriptions. Abingdon: Routledge, 2006, , p. 89His career in office up to 112/113 is attested by the Athens inscription, 112 AD: CIL III, 550 = InscrAtt 3 = IG II, 3286 = Dessau 308 = IDRE 2, 365: decemvir stlitibus iudicandis/ sevir turmae equitum Romanorum/ praefectus Urbi feriarum Latinarum/ tribunus militum legionis II Adiutricis Piae Fidelis (95, in Pannonia Inferior)/ tribunus militum legionis V Macedonicae (96, in Moesia Inferior)/ tribunus militum legionis XXII Primigeniae Piae Fidelis (97, in Germania Superior)/ quaestor (101)/ ab actis senatus/ tribunus plebis (105)/ praetor (106)/ legatus legionis I Minerviae Piae Fidelis (106, in Germania Inferior)/ legatus Augusti pro praetore Pannoniae Inferioris (107)/ consul suffectus (108)/ septemvir epulonum (before 112)/ sodalis Augustalis (before 112)/ archon Athenis (112/13).
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Marcus Titius Lustricus Bruttianus was a Roman senator and general of the early 2nd century AD. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of September to December 108 as the colleague of Quintus Pompeius Falco. Until the discovery of an inscription bearing a list of the offices he held, all that was known about him was the year of his consulate and an anecdote forming the subject of one of Pliny the Younger's letters. His cursus honorum is known from an inscription found between 2011 and 2014 at Vasio (modern Vaison-la-Romaine) in the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis; this has led some experts to suspect this was Bruttianus' hometown.§185 Marcus Titius Lustricus Bruttianus, Database of Military Inscriptions and Papyri of Early Roman Palestine, text, translation, and bibliography (last accessed 24 February 2018) The first office Bruttianus is known to have held was as quaestor of Achaea; this inscription also states he was military tribune for an unknown legion, but it is uncertain whether he held that commission before or after his quaestorship.
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Varro's homonymous son (born c. 80 BC) was later one of his closest friends,Cicero ad Fam.III 7.4: familiarissimus serving as quaestor in the year of Appius' death, and later one of the most contentious and interesting characters of the early Augustan regime in modern scholarship: A. Terentius Varro Murena, who died in the early weeks (or days) of his consulate in 23 BC. He served on the staff of his brother-in-law Lucullus, commander-in-chief of the Roman armies in Asia during the first half of the Third Mithridatic War. Most likely Appius went with Lucullus from the beginning in early 73 BC, although he is not directly attested in the east until the autumn of 71 following the occupation of eastern Kappadokia Pontike (Pontus), when Lucullus sent him to the Armenian king Tigranes to demand the surrender of Mithridates VI. His manner and speech offended Tigranes, the self-styled King of Kings, who for more than twenty years had been accustomed to grovelling oriental court ceremony.
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The Eastern Roman politician Plinta along quaestor Epigenes nevertheless had to go for adverse negotiations at Margus; according to Priscus, it included trade agreement, the annual tribute was raised to 700 pounds of gold, and fugitives were surrendered, among whom two of royal descent, Mamas (Μάμα, Christian name) and Atakam (Άτακάμ, Turkic-Altaic ata- qām, "father pagan, priest") probably because of conversion to Christianity, were crucified by the Huns at Carso (Hârșova). According to Socrates of Constantinople, Theodosius II prayed to God and managed to obtain what he sought - Ruga was struck dead by a thunderbolt, and among his men followed plague, and fire came down from the heaven consuming his survivors. This text is panegyric on Theodosius II, and happened shortly after 425 AD. Similarly, Theodoret recounts that God helped Theodosius II because he issued a law that ordered destruction of all pagan temples, and Ruga's death was the abundant harvest that followed these good seeds. However, the edict was issued on November 14, 435 AD, so Ruga died after that date.
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His cursus honorum is recorded in two inscriptions, and provides an outline of his life.CIL XI,5211 (= ILS 911); IRT 528 Tullus started his senatorial career likely in his teens as a member of the decemviri stlitibus iudicandis, one of the four boards of the vigintiviri, a minor collegia young men whose fathers were members of the Senate serve in at the start of their careers. This was followed by service as a military tribune with Legio V Alaudae on the Rhine frontier, the same legion his brother Tullus served in. Lucanus then proceeded through the ranks of republican magistracies, first as quaestor assisting an unnamed emperor (likely Nero whose name was commonly omitted from inscriptions due to damnatio memoriae), then as plebeian tribune and praetor, after which he and his brother were appointed legatus, or commander, of Legio III Augusta, a posting that included governing the province of Numidia, from the year 70 to 73; Werner Eck suggests Lucanus handled the civilian responsibilities while Tullus commanded the legion.
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He was elected quaestor for 69 BC,Freeman, 51 and during that year he delivered the funeral oration for his aunt Julia, and included images of her husband Marius in the funeral procession, unseen since the days of Sulla. His wife Cornelia also died that year.Freeman, 52 Caesar went to serve his quaestorship in Hispania after her funeral, in the spring or early summer of 69 BC.Goldsworthy, 100 While there, he is said to have encountered a statue of Alexander the Great, and realised with dissatisfaction that he was now at an age when Alexander had the world at his feet, while he had achieved comparatively little. On his return in 67 BC,Goldsworthy, 101 he married Pompeia, a granddaughter of Sulla, whom he later divorced in 61 BC after her embroilment in the Bona Dea scandal.Suetonius, Julius 5–8 ; Plutarch, Caesar 5; Velleius Paterculus, Roman History 2.43 In 65 BC, he was elected curule aedile, and staged lavish games that won him further attention and popular support.
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The Jugurthine War battle ground The army of Jugurtha wasn't ready to face the mighty Roman Army, so he used his gold to bribe the Roman consul Lucius Calpurnius Bestia who signed a peace agreement with the Numidian king in 111 BC, he even sent his quaestor Sextius as an hostage to Vaga.Sallust - Bellum Iugurthinum XXIX But the Roman senate refused to ratify this agreement and sent the Praetor Cassius to Vaga to bear him of safe-conduct to Rome and witness upon the Senate against the bribed Consul, and in 109 BC "redeclared" war on the Numidian Kingdom but this time, Jughurtha was prepared to it. Jugurtha instead of defending his capital Vaga, he abandoned it, in a tactic to attract the Roman army to the inland and to destroy it there, but the Roman general and consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus who led the war against Jugurtha didn't fall in this trap, he captured the city and fortified it and installed a garrison in it. The inhabitants of Vaga quickly accepted the Roman dominance, that with presence of the Roman soldiers flourished where the trade increased and the well-being ruled.
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It is more or less agreed that Marius Maximus the biographer is identical with one of the most successful senators of the Severan dynasty whose career is known from inscriptions, namely Lucius Marius Maximus Perpetuus Aurelianus, twice consul and once Prefect of the City of Rome.Mennen, pgs. 109-110 His family may have hailed from Africa and was not senatorial; his father, L. Marius Perpetuus, was an Equestrian procurator in Gaul but evidently secured entry to the senatorial order for his son as a novus homo. Probably born about 160 AD, Marius Maximus’ military career began in the reign of Marcus Aurelius, when he was Tribunus laticlavius of the Legio XXII Primigenia. Around 178 to 180, he held the same rank in the Legio III Italica. During Marcus Aurelius’ reign, he was also one of the quattuorviri viarum curandarum (or officer in charge of the roads outside of the walls of Rome). Around AD 182/183, Marius Maximus was the quaestor urbanus before being nominated as a candidate for the office of Plebeian Tribune. He became a senator under Commodus, and was adlected into the praetorship.
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Entering the National Salvation Front (FSN) and elected to parliament that spring, Profile at the Romanian Chamber of Deputies site; accessed March 23, 2012 he served on the Chamber's judiciary committee while in office. 1990-1992 Profile at the Romanian Chamber of Deputies site; accessed March 23, 2012 He was also secretary of the FSN's Bistriţa-Năsăud chapter until this became the Democratic Party (PD), and he has headed the county party chapter since 1994. Between 1992 and 1996, he was legal adviser to the president of the Bistriţa-Năsăud County Council. Returned to the legislature in 1996, he served as Environment Minister for the following year, while in the Chamber, he was on the public administration, human rights and judicial committees. 1996-2000 Profile at the Romanian Chamber of Deputies site; accessed March 23, 2012 Following his re-election in 2000, he became president of the public administration committee for the duration of the legislature. 2000-2004 Profile at the Romanian Chamber of Deputies site; accessed March 23, 2012 Elected again in 2004, he served as the Chamber's quaestor from that time until September 2007, when he became one of its vice presidents, holding the position for the following year, during which the PD transformed itself into the PD-L.
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