The spread of democracy in Africa has also helped stave off putsches.
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From 1930 to the 1970s, the region suffered the frequent overthrow of civilian governments in often bloody military putsches.
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The same month, the army orchestrated its latest coup, one of a dozen successful putsches carried out since Thailand abandoned absolute monarchy in 1932.
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In 2014, another coup, one of a dozen successful putsches since Thailand's absolute monarchy was abolished in 1932, ended the tenure of Ms. Yingluck's government.
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After years of reputational decline because of an army coup in 2014 — one of a dozen successful putsches since the country abolished an absolute monarchy in 1932 — Thailand's military has been handed an opportunity to burnish its image.
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On May 4, 1945, the Allied Control Council named Bernreuther assistant public claimant in denazification cases for Ansbach. From July 1 to October 10, 1945 he was a public claimant in denazification cases for Ansbach.Oberregierungsrat Friedrich Bernreuther (1881–1958), der seit 1921 die politische Abteilung der Polizeidirektion München leitete, war von den Nazis während des Hitler-Putsches 1923 kurzzeitig gefangengesetzt; später war er an der Untersuchung des Putsches beteiligt. In einer Erklärung, die er am 15.
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The Rhenish tricolour was raised over occupied town halls. Notices were posted and leaflets distributed informing citizens of the change of régime. However, civic putsches did not prevail everywhere: in Jülich, Mönchengladbach, Bonn and Erkelenz, separatist attempts to take over public buildings were immediately thwarted, sometimes violently: other districts remained entirely untouched by separatist agitation. To the north, in Duisburg, separarists inaugurated, on 22 October 1923 a mini-state that would endure for five weeks.
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From that moment until July, he remained inactive. On 27 July, the start of the Thermidorian Reaction, Legendre, after having signed his name on the list of speakers, would have asked Jacques-Alexis Thuriot de la Rosière (one of the putsch leaders): "Strike my name off. I shall see how this turns out". As Robespierre's fall seemed inevitable, Legendre sided with the Reaction, and led troops against putsches of Jacobins and Charles Pichegru (1795).
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An excerpt from the Spartacist Manifesto (published in 1918): > The question today is not democracy or dictatorship. The question that > history has put on the agenda reads: bourgeois democracy or socialist > democracy. For the dictatorship of the proletariat does not mean bombs, > putsches, riots and anarchy, as the agents of capitalist profits > deliberately and falsely claim. Rather, it means using all instruments of > political power to achieve socialism, to expropriate the capitalist class, > through and in accordance with the will of the revolutionary majority of the > proletariat.
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Battle of Denain The 18th century began with the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). The European powers, worried about the hegemonic power of the French king Luis XIV, together with his grandson Felipe de Anjou, whom Carlos II had named heir to the throne, formed the Great Alliance and endorsed the putsches of Archduke Carlos of Austria to accede to the crown. After the Treaty of Utrecht, Felipe V (1700–1746) was recognized King of Spain, although he later lost his dominions in Menorca and Gibraltar. In 1724, he abdicated in favor of his son Luis I, but when the latter died months later, he returned to assume the Spanish throne.
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After the end of the Severan Dynasty in 235, the Empire entered into a 50-year period known as the Crisis of the Third Century during which there were numerous putsches by generals, who sought to secure the region of the empire they were entrusted with due to the weakness of central authority in Rome. There was the so-called Gallic Empire from 260 to 274 and the revolts of Zenobia and her father from the mid-260s which sought to fend off Persian incursions. Some regions – Britain, Spain, and North Africa – were hardly affected. Instability caused economic deterioration, and there was a rapid rise in inflation as the government debased the currency in order to meet expenses.
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The rise of an insurgent proto-state was sometimes also an indirect consequence of a movement adopting Che Guevara's foco theory of guerrilla warfare. Secessionist proto-states are likeliest to form in preexisting states that lack secure boundaries, a concise and well-defined body of citizens, or a single sovereign power with a monopoly on the legitimate use of military force. They may be created as a result of putsches, insurrections, separatist political campaigns, foreign intervention, sectarian violence, civil war, and even the bloodless dissolution or division of the state. Proto-states can be important regional players, as their existence impacts the options available to state actors, either as potential allies or as impediments to their political or economic policy articulations.
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Since an unsuccessful coup d'état in 1920 (the Kapp Putsch), the Swiss-German word Putsch (pronounced , coined for the Züriputsch of 6 September 1839, in Zurich), also denotes the politico-military actions of an unsuccessful minority reactionary coup.Etymology and definition of Putsch in German Other recent and notable unsuccessful minority reactionary coups that are often referred to as Putsches are the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch and Küstrin Putsch, the 1961 Algiers Putsch and the 1991 August Putsch. Putsch was used as disinformation by Hitler and other Nazi party members to falsely claim that he had to suppress a reactionary coup during the Night of the Long Knives. Germans still use the term to describe the murders, the term given to it by the Nazi regime, despite its unproven implication that the murders were necessary to prevent a coup.
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