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"pollards" Synonyms
crops trims cuts prunes clips shears snips pares docks shaves lops bobs nips polls shortens removes mows truncates detaches chops

89 Sentences With "pollards"

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When I first started driving, Pollards Hill in Croydon was one of the places where, if you got out of the car, you'd be liable to get jumped for your money.
The range is known for its beech forests. In times past, beech pollards have been used to make charcoal.Ancar C. et al "Aralar Beech Pollards" Biodiversity and Pollards Network. Website accessed 14 November 2013 There are also groves of rowan and hawthorne and Cantabrian holm oak.
Hewson was born in Croydon, Surrey. He went to Pollards Hill Junior School, Pollards Hill, London and continued his education at Mitcham Grammar School, Mitcham, London, followed at aged 16 to learn every aspect of tailoring at the Regent Street Polytechnic, London.
By the end of 1946, it was hard surfaced from Leah to just southeast of that community. By March 1948, it was hard surfaced from Pollards Corner to just southeast of that community. Before the end of the first quarter of 1949, the highway was hard surfaced from Leah to Pollards Corner. By 1988, the Leah-to- Pollards Corner segment was redesignated as SR 47, due to that highway being shifted to the east.
The nearest places are Mitcham, Croydon, South Norwood, Norbury, Pollards Hill, Selhurst, Upper Norwood and Eastfields.
An activities building was added in 1966 for evangelistic outreach as well as for the congregation. In honor of the Pollards, it was named the Pollard Activities Building in 1970. Mrs. Pollard founded the Tennessee Ministers' Wives Association. In 1965 the Pollards organized a church group for senior citizens.
In September 2006, Harris Academy Merton opened on the former site of Tamworth Manor High School. The academy is on the Merton side but right on the Croydon border. Tamworth Manor High School was originally Pollards Hill Secondary Modern School built in the 1950s, which became a comprehensive school, Pollards Hill High School, in 1968.
Ernestine Pollards (born January 19, 1942) is an American sprinter. She competed in the women's 200 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
Pollards Point is a village in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, located southwest of Baie Verte. The Post Office was established in 1966.
Granby island is a small island located in White Bay in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The nearest settlement is Pollards Point.
The meadow is surrounded by mature hawthorn and blackthorn hedge and includes old white willow pollards. This habitat supports many birds, including tawny owl and turtle dove.
London Buses route 152 is a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. Running between New Malden and Pollards Hill, it is operated by London General.
Pollard Branch (also called Pollards Branch) is a stream in Shelby County in the U.S. state of Missouri. Pollard Branch has the name of Elijah Pollard, a pioneer settler.
In 1987, SR 47 was shifted east to once again travel concurrent with US 221 from just north of Appling to Pollards Corner. Because of this, SR 304 was decommissioned.
Between I-20 and the unincorporated community of Pollards Corner, SR 150 travels along the McDuffie–Columbia county line. Then, it continues to the northeast to Pollards Corner. There, SR 47/SR 150 travel concurrently for one block. At an intersection with U.S. Route 221 (US 221) and the western terminus of SR 104 (Washington Road), SR 47 splits off to travel concurrently with US 221 south, while SR 150 splits off to travel concurrent with US 221 north.
Poage's Landing soon became a center of industry for eastern Kentucky. The first post office was at Pollards Mill that was opened in 1847 by H. B. Pollard."Kentucky Atlas & Gazetteer." University of Kentucky.
Mitcham and Morden: Colliers Wood, Cricket Green, Figge's Marsh, Graveney, Lavender Fields, Longthornton, Lower Morden, Pollards Hill, Ravensbury, St Helier. Wimbledon: Abbey, Cannon Hill, Dundonald, Hillside, Merton Park, Raynes Park, Trinity, Village, West Barnes, Wimbledon Park.
Norbury & Pollards Hill is a ward in the London Borough of Croydon.legislation.gov.uk -The London Borough of Croydon (Electoral Changes) Order 2017. Retrieved on 10 April 2018. It will elect 2 councillors, with the first election being held on May 3, 2018.
Amenities include Mitcham Library and Mitcham Cricket Green. Nearby major districts are Wimbledon, Streatham, Croydon, Merton, Merton Park, Tooting, Morden and Sutton. Mitcham, most broadly defined, had a population of 63,393 in 2011, formed from six wards including Pollards Hill.
55, Simon and Schuster, ©1992, Traditionally, people pollarded trees for one of two reasons: for fodder to feed livestock or for wood. Fodder pollards produced "pollard hay" for livestock feed; they were pruned at intervals of two to six years so their leafy material would be most abundant. Wood pollards were pruned at longer intervals of eight to fifteen years, a pruning cycle tending to produce upright poles favored for fencing and boat construction. Supple young willow or hazel branches may be harvested as material for weaving baskets, fences, and garden constructions such as bowers.
Oak pollard marking part of the ancient parish boundary of Wash Common, part of Newbury, and Sandleford, UK As with coppicing, only species with vigorous epicormic growth may be made into pollards. In these species (which include many broadleaved trees but few conifers), removal of the main apical stems releases the growth of many dormant buds under the bark on the lower part of the tree. Trees without this growth will die without their leaves and branches. Some smaller tree species do not readily form pollards, because cutting the main stem stimulates growth from the base, effectively forming a coppice stool instead.
In 2001 and increasingly in 2002, the gardens were brought to wider public attention, particularly through the acclamation of Alan Titchmarsh, who devoted an episode of the BBC TV programme Gardeners' World to Abbey House Gardens, broadcast in June 2002. On the week of transmission, the Pollards were featured in that week's edition of Radio Times. As well as the gardens, the Pollards also became known as 'The Naked Gardeners'. Both Ian and Barbara, particularly Ian, spoke freely of their love of naturism, and were often featured in newspapers and magazines, pictured naked among the foliage of Abbey House.
It is also longer, being up to 1 metre long on pollards, and with more leaflets, usually numbering 23 to 35, though they have sometimes as few as 20. The leaves are pubescent beneath. The bole itself occasionally will have sprouts emerging from it.
Both sides of Pollards Hill elected Labour Party councillors at the last Council elections in May 2018. At present in the local government re-warding process used nationally for the regular election of a delegation of councillors, it lends its name to a ward of the Merton.
Herchman married Janis Lee Hargrove and they had four children, Randy, Terry, Kathy and Missy.Jack Geddie, The Families Geddie & McPhail, Fort Worth: Geddie, 1959, p. 152.Jack Geddie, Southern Pollards, Fort Worth: Geddie, 1971, OCLC 605427, p.108. He worked in concrete sales for 42 years.
Harris Academy Merton (formerly Bishopsford Community School, Tamworth Manor High School, and prior to that Pollards Hill High School) is a secondary school and sixth form located in the London Borough of Merton district of Mitcham. When inspected by Ofsted in 2012, it was judged to be outstanding.
Nettlecombe Park is important for its lichen flora. Records suggest this site has been wood pasture or parkland for at least 400 years. There are some very old oak pollards which may be of this age or older. The oldest standard trees are over 200 years of age.
The most common trees are sessile and pedunculate oak, silver birch and hornbeam. The parkland has old oak pollards on acid or neutral grassland. The country park is divided into Thorndon Park North, with access from The Avenue, and Thorndon Park South, with access from the A128 road.
Nowadays, the practice is sometimes used for ornamental trees, such as crapemyrtles in southern states of the US, Southern Living 2003 garden annual, page 111; published 2003 by Oxmoor PublishingTree Care Industry Magazine, Volume 17, page 38, published 2006 by National Arborist Association although the resulting tree has a stunted form rather than a natural-looking crown. Pollarding tends to make trees live longer by maintaining them in a partially juvenile state and by reducing the weight and windage of the top part of the tree. Older pollards often become hollow, so it can be difficult to determine age accurately. Pollards tend to grow slowly, with denser growth-rings in the years immediately after cutting.
The western end of Hawkcombe Woods Hawkcombe Woods is a national nature reserve near Porlock on Exmoor, Somerset, England. The woodlands are notable for their lichens, heath fritillary butterfly, red wood ant colonies, dead wood invertebrates and ancient pollards. They are part of the North Exmoor Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Then, they cross over Kegg Creek on the Major Byron S. McGuire Sr. Memorial Bridge, just before skirting along the southwestern edge of Wildwood Park. Just over later, the roadway enters Pollards Corner. There, they intersect with SR 150 (Cobbham Road). SR 47/SR 150/Washington Road travel concurrently for one block.
Mitcham Borough Council (MBC) dissolved in 1965 on incorporation into London. It helped to meet the post- World War II housing shortage, wrought by the London Blitz, by building prefabricated ‘Arcon’ bungalows at Pollards Hill. The first were ready by January 1946, meant to last about 10 years. Many remained until the mid-1960s.
Although steep and potentially inaccessible, there is evidence of quarrying in the past. There is derelict winding gear present which was used to pump water up from the river. This is an area of secluded habitat, carpeted with ferns and mosses, with large ancient coppice and pollards. A single path descends via a small glade towards the river.
In the 1890s Grove commissioned Edwin Lutyens to design his house, Berry Downe Court, near Overton, Hampshire. In 1904 he bought of land near Chalfont St Giles, Buckinghamshire. He again engaged Lutyens, but his design was not built due to Grove's financial difficulties. A more modest house, "Pollards Park" was constructed, where he lived until his death.
Pollards Hill on the Merton side also contains a wide range of community facilities including a library, community centre, youth centre and a neighbourhood police station, the first in Merton. In 2005, a community cycling club was set up with help from the Commonside Trust. It won the London Cycling Campaigns' award for Best Community Cycling Initiative in 2006.
Pollards Hill is home to the largest Ghanaian British community in the UK on the Merton side according to the 2011 census, with 6% of the population and over 600 people born in Ghana. It also has a large Asian British population on the Croydon side, and the area is home to many other different nationalities.
Gernon Bushes is a 32 hectare nature reserve north-east of Epping in Essex. It is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust. It is part of the Epping Forest Site of Special Scientific Interest and Nature Conservation Review site. This site is ancient coppice, with old hornbeam pollards, and many ponds which were formerly created for gravel extraction.
It has diverse trees and shrubs, areas of acid heath, wet rides and ponds. Many of the oaks and beech trees are ancient pollards, and they provide an important habitat for invertebrates and lichens. Heathland clearings have some species which are uncommon in the county, such as heath bedstraw and the heather Calluna vulgaris. There is access from Forge Road and Chapel Lane.
Old Broom is a 6.5 hectare nature reserve north of Risby in Suffolk. It is managed by the Suffolk Wildlife Trust. This is a remnant of an ancient wood- pasture landscape with oak pollards between 250 and 500 years old. The dead wood and hollow centres of these trees provide a habitat for fungi and invertebrates, while the bark hosts mosses and lichens.
While with Halstead, he became player-assistant manager. Pollard then returned to management in the summer 2015, joining Coggeshall Town being appointed as assistant manager, achieving back to back promotions from the Essex Border League into the Eastern Counties League Premier Division. Pollards first season in the Thurlow Premier division was followed with being crowned champions to the bostik north.
Many of the oldest trees are pollards, as pollarding removes the weight and windage of the upper trunk and so reduces the chances of major damage, and it also maintains the tree in a vigorous state. Veteran trees occur in many situations, occasionally in dense woodland, but more commonly as hedgerow trees, on village greens, and in ancient parks and other wood pasture.
State Route 304 (SR 304) was a north–south state highway that was located in the east-central part of the state. It was completely within Columbia County. Between June 1955 and July 1957, it was established from US 221/SR 47 just north of Appling north- northeast to US 221/SR 104/SR 150 in Pollards Corner. It was completely concurrent with US 221\.
Pollards Hill is a small residential district straddling south London boroughs of Croydon and Merton between Mitcham and Norbury. The boundary of the two boroughs is a street named Recreation Way. No roads directly cross the Croydon and Merton divide, and streets were planned according to borough, leading to differing architectural or building schemes. It lends its name to a ward of the London Borough of Merton.
Norbury, to the northwest, is a suburb with a large ethnic population. Norwood New Town is a part of the Norwood triangle, to the north of Croydon. Monks Orchard is a small district made up of large houses and open space in the northeast of the borough. Pollards Hill is a residential district with houses on roads, which are lined with pollarded lime trees, stretching to Norbury.
Here, the light that reaches the woodland floor is extremely limited owing to the thick growth of the pollarded trees. Pollards cut at about a metre above the ground are called stubs (or stubbs). These were often used as markers in coppice or other woodland. Stubs cannot be used where the trees are browsed by animals, as the regrowing shoots are below the browse line.
Clyro Castle was first mentioned in 1397, but may be much earlier. All that now remains is a large motte. A second motte, called Castle Kinsey and possibly built by Cadwallon ap Madog in the 12th century, is at Court Evan Gwynne just north of the village. The site is now a Radnorshire Wildlife Trust reserve called Cwm Byddog, also notable for its veteran oak pollards.
Williams's mother Latasha Williams gave birth to him at the age of 14. He was also raised by Mackenzie Hyde, his third grade teacher whom he considers a godmother. On January 13, 2016, his cousin Antonio Pollards was murdered in a drive-by shooting on the way to school. Williams's brother Corey Hill was killed in a similar drive-by shooting on June 7, 2017.
To the east (in Croydon), covering the sides of the hill, are larger houses, stretching towards central Norbury. The roads are lined with pollarded lime trees. To the west (in Merton), at the foot of the hill, is the Pollards Hill estate stretching to Mitcham Common. A section of the estate was transferred to the ownership of Moat Homes housing association in 1998 under a stock transfer from the local authority.
In 1990, English band Saint Etienne recorded a cover version of the song, included on their debut album Foxbase Alpha. The vocals are by Moira Lambert (Sarah Cracknell had not yet joined the band as a permanent member). The band recorded the song in producer Ian Catt's bedroom studio in Pollards Hill. The recording, made in under two hours, got them a record deal, their first single, and their first hit.
The meadow is traditionally managed by a late summer hay cut, which allows wildflowers to set their seeds. There is then cattle grazing. The willow pollards are recut regularly to reduce the risk of splitting. There are earlier cuts every 3 years to help to increase the frequency of rarer species found in the field which include common knapweed, yellow rattle, cuckoo flower, bird's foot trefoil and marsh bedstraw.
She refused so he kicked her out. She moved in with Edna Birch (Shirley Stelfox), following brief stays with the Pollards and her brother, Paul and Katie Sugden (Sammy Winward). When Nicola discovered that Ashley Thomas' (John Middleton) boss told him that they were considering closing the church in late 2008, she and David planned to buy it and make it their dream home. However, there was a problem: the church choir.
SR 104 begins at an intersection with U.S. Route 221 (US 221), SR 47, and SR 150 in Pollards Corner. It travels to the southeast as part of Washington Road and crosses over Kiokee Creek on the Robert W. Pollard Bridge. Just over later, it crosses over Little Kiokee Creek on the B. Edward Tankersley Memorial Bridge. Slightly more than after that, it crosses over Euchee Creek on the G.B. "Dip" Lamkin Bridge.
The Sal tree is coppiced in India, and the Moringa oleifera tree is coppiced in many countries, including India. Sometimes former coppice is converted to high- forest woodland by the practice of singling. All but one of the regrowing stems are cut, leaving the remaining one to grow as if it were a maiden (uncut) tree. The boundaries of coppice coups were sometimes marked by cutting certain trees as pollards or stubs.
The Harridge Wood mainly lies on clay slopes dissected by streams. It is thought to be very old, although large areas of the original broadleaf coverage was cleared in the mid-20th century and replaced by poplars and conifers. Remnants of the early forest are found in isolated patches, on the edge of the woodland and in wet areas. These include areas of old hazel coppice and low pollards (known as "stoggles") of ash, pedunculate oak and alder.
The park is currently leased by Sevenoaks District Council, but the park is maintained by Kent County Council. Lullingstone Castle and its grounds remain in private ownership under the Hart-Dykes. In 1964, Summerhouse Knoll (a grass hill) within the park was dug up by Crayford Archaeological Research Group who found 1st Century pottery. Some of the pollards in the wood are over 400 years old, and it is important for invertebrates, lichens, breeding birds and fungi.
A few months later, it had a completed hard surface segment just northwest of Evans. In early 1940, it had completed grading, but was not surfaced from Phinizy to just northwest of Evans. By the end of the year, it had a sand clay or top soil surface from Phinizy to just northwest of Evans. About five years later, SR 104 had a completed hard surface from just southeast of Pollards Corner to just northwest of Evans.
Longthornton and Tamworth Residents Association is a residents association in the Longthornton area, which lies in the triangle between Pollards Hill, Streatham Vale and Mitcham Eastfields. Between 1964 and 1994, LTRA contested elections in Merton, initially in the Mitcham Central ward. After the borough's wards were redrawn in 1978 and the Mitcham Central ward abolished, the LTRA contested elections in the Longthornton ward. LTRA won between three and four seats in the elections between 1964 and 1978.
The Criterion Theatre opened with the operetta Falka performed by the Rignold and Allison Opera Company. Other notable productions included The Sultan of Mocha (1890), The Kelly Gang (1898) and The Squatter's Daughter (1907). It hosted a number of production companies including Brough Bouicault Comedy Company (producing works by Pinero and Wilde), Henry Bracy's Comic Opera Company, Pollards Lilliputian Opera Company and the Curtis Minstrels. Expatriates Oscar Ashe and Lily Brayton also toured production at the Cri.
Paget was the daughter of Lord Queenborough and Pauline Payne Whitney of the American Whitney family. She was a cousin of Jock Whitney, owner of the dual Cheltenham Gold Cup winner Easter Hero and latterly American Ambassador in London, and granddaughter of William C. Whitney, a wealthy American businessman, politician and racehorse owner. Paget was educated at Heathfield School, Ascot, Berkshire. She lived for the most part in Hermit's Wood, Nightingales Lane, (she also owned Pollards Wood Grange), Chalfont St. Giles, Buckinghamshire, England.
She was lonely and Lily needed somewhere to stay so it seemed a perfect match. Lily also got a job as machinist at Pollards' factory, where she made friends with the other girls. Lily used her love for entering magazine competitions and contests to create a pool with Pearl, Douglas Potts (Duncan Preston) and Betty Eagleton (Paula Tilbrook) where they entered many competitions. Pearl won a cruise for two and Lily and Betty buttered her up for the other ticket.
Moat has since demolished four maisonette blocks dating from the 1950s and is undertaking a wider regeneration of the stock. Covering the crown of the hill is Pollards Hill Park, an open area of 7.75 acres (3.14 hectares), managed by Croydon Council, to whom it was donated in 1913. The park is the highest point in the Norbury area and can give views as far as Windsor Castle. A viewpoint at the top of the park indicates the direction of various landmarks.
Russell Brand Show – BBC Radio 2 (13 October 2007) His brother, Michael Fielding, born to Ray and Diane Fielding, appears as Naboo the Enigma in The Mighty Boosh and portrays various characters in Noel Fielding's Luxury Comedy. Fielding grew up in Pollards Hill, London. His parents would later appear alongside him and his brother in episodes of both The Mighty Boosh and Noel Fielding's Luxury Comedy. According to an article in The Sunday Times, his parents "had lots of parties" during his childhood.
The London Borough of Merton () is a borough in south-west London, England. The borough was formed under the London Government Act 1963 in 1965 by the merger of the Municipal Borough of Mitcham, the Municipal Borough of Wimbledon and the Merton and Morden Urban District, all formerly within Surrey. The main commercial centres in Merton are Mitcham, Morden and Wimbledon, of which Wimbledon is the largest. Other smaller centres include Raynes Park, Colliers Wood, South Wimbledon, Wimbledon Park and Pollards Hill.
Chigwell Row Wood is a 14.1 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Chigwell in Epping Forest district, Essex. It is owned by The Chigwell Row Recreation Ground Charity, of which the district council are the trustees, and managed by council staff and volunteers. The wood is a remnant of the ancient Hainault Forest, and its history can be traced back to the seventeenth century. The trees were traditionally pollarded for fuel, and 366 pollards over 250 years old have been recorded.
There is a well-developed high forest structure and the management of the wood has yielded a number of large, low ash pollards and a range of deadwood. The moist clay soils, the eastern aspect and the ground and scrub maintain a humid microclimate. This is likely to enhance the decay process, which has resulted in a continuity of forest conditions. Reports in by Natural England in November 2010 are detailed in the ageing of the trees, and planting needs to maintain the favourability of the site.
Lily also worked at Pollards' factory and some of the factory girls clubbed together to buy a raffle ticket from Rodney. When they didn't hear anything, they assumed they hadn't won until Gennie saw an article in the paper about an unclaimed prize. Pearl called the hotline and discovered they'd won a car which they planned to sell and split the money. Lily intended to give her share to her son, Peter, who was in financial trouble but was persuaded to give him the ticket.
On 30 November 1991 Merton garage resumed full control, and the route was converted to single-deck midibus operation using Optare MetroRiders. This change was made in order to facilitate an extension of the route to Pollards Hill via Eastfields Estate, an area long-deprived of a bus service and beyond the remit of larger vehicles due to roadwidth restrictions, one of the factors in earlier proposals such as the re-routing of route 118 being shelved. On 30 November 1996, the route was converted to low floor operation with Dennis Darts.
The dense woodlands that crown Toys Hill and the surrounding plateau were badly affected by the Great Storm of 1987. Toys Hill used to be well known for its groves of ancient beech pollards, dating back to the early days of grazing, but only a few survived the 1987 storm. The woods have since regenerated with sessile oak, beech and birch saplings. Parts of one woodland, Scords Wood, are managed on a non-intervention ‘hands off’ basis, so that natural development after the storm can be studied by Natural England.
On the death of Francis Wilkinson in 1897, the business was taken over by his older brother George Wilkinson until 1909 when the factory was sold to the owners of the nearby Swiss Mills. The new owners, the Pollard family, let lace machine standings and a cotton store to Parkes & TomlinPollard, E. Pollards of Beeston, 2006 and eventually Parkes purchased it in 1922.Nottingham Industrial Archaeology Society Journal. Vol 10, part 2, Mar 1985 In the 1940's, the main building was taken over by electrical components & injection moulding manufacturers Ariel Pressings Ltd.
There are many routes of London Buses going through New Malden, including route 213 route going from Kingston towards Sutton, routes 131 and N87 going through Kingston Town Centre and Tooting Broadway (and Aldwych for the night bus) along with the X26 express bus to Croydon and Heathrow Airport, route 152 from New Malden towards Pollards Hill and route 265 towards Tolworth, Roehampton and Putney. The town also has a series of local bus routes, including K1 which goes to Kingston and New Malden station and K5 to Ham and Morden.
Spindle (Euonymus europaeus) seen in Leigh Woods Because of the rare flora and fauna, the woods have been included in the Avon Gorge Site of Special Scientific Interest, which received the designation in 1952, and has been designated as a national nature reserve. The south part of the woods is an area of former pasture woodland with old pollards, mainly oak and some small-leaved lime. To the north, the area comprises ancient woodland of old coppice with standards and contains a rich variety of trees. Rare trees include Bristol whitebeam (Sorbus bristoliensis) and wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis).
The earliest surviving mention of the wood dates from assize records in 1272, and it was known to be owned by the Whitehorse family during the reign of King Edward III. When Oliver Cromwell seized it from the Archbishop of Canterbury its area was measured at , but held only 9,200 oaken pollards. Since the middle ages the woodland has been managed to provide goods of economic worth. The coppices were used to provide timber, charcoal, oak bark, and small wood whilst the commons and pastureland were used for grazing and as a source of turf and firewood.
The northern area of woodland is by far the oldest, in particular the very old oak pollards near Oaks Road. Other wooded areas are comparatively recent, and the small pine plantations near the southern boundary were only established during the mid-19th century. Until the 1920s, there were only a few scattered oak, pine and birch on the hills, which were then almost entirely covered in heather. Now there is far more extensive tree cover, and heather is limited to the slopes and ridges where it tolerates the harsh conditions provided by the very dry and acidic poor soil.
When Oliver Cromwell seized it from the Archbishop of Canterbury it was measured to cover , but held only 9,200 oaken pollards. At this time it was known to stretch as far as Streatham from Croydon. Much timber was taken from the woodlands for use in the Royal Dockyard at Deptford as well for charcoal burning and building purposes. Much of the surviving woodlands were cleared and developed as a result of the 1797 Croydon Inclosure Act and sale of the late Lord Thurlow's estates in 1806, although some substantial fragments remain, notably the nature reserves at Dulwich Wood and Sydenham Hill Wood.
In the 1930s, Loughton was home to the Pollards Operas, outdoor operatic performances in the garden of a large house. These were directed by Iris Lemare (1902-1997) and produced by Geoffrey Dunn (1903-1981), a prominent impresario, actor and cinematographer, and included several first British performances of operas. Loughton Operatic Society, founded in 1894, is one of the oldest arts organisations in Essex, and still stages regular musicals and operas at Lopping Hall. Epping Forest District Council's Arts Unit, Epping Forest Arts, stages occasional dance-based performance works in Loughton, with community and schools participation.
The next major intersection is the western terminus of Georgia State Route 232 south of Appling. Within Appling itself, US 221/SR 47 branches off to the northeast at Ray Owens Road which continues straight, and then replaces the trajectory of White Oak Road to become Scotts Ferry Road. Aside from crossing a bridge over a Greenbrier Creek between Tubman Road and Yelton Road, and an extra northbound lane within the vicinity of a church, there isn't much in the way of notable features about the road. Shortly before crossing into South Carolina, Georgia State Route 150 joins up at the Pollards Corner intersection as SR 47 turns away.
"The major ecological trend in the past 100 years has been towards uniformity" (Baker, Moxey, Oxford 1978). The pollarded trees allowed light through to the woodland floor, increasing the numbers of low-growing plants. Since the Act, the vast crowns of the pollards cut out most of the light to the underbrush. In addition, the area surrounding the forest is now to a great extent urbanised; the corresponding reduction in grazing has led to former areas of grassland and heathland being overcome by secondary woodland – this has been exacerbated by the majority of the forest's deer being enclosed to prevent impacts with vehicles on the major roads that run through the forest.
Depending on the use of the cut material, the length of time between cutting will vary from one year for tree hay or withies, to five years or more for larger timber. Sometimes, only some of the regrown stems may be cut in a season – this is thought to reduce the chances of death of the tree when recutting long-neglected pollards. Pollarding was preferred over coppicing in wood-pastures and other grazed areas, because animals would browse the regrowth from coppice stools. Historically, the right to pollard or "lop" was often granted to local people for fuel on common land or in royal forests; this was part of the right of Estover.
Chapel Farm House and Walnut Tree Cottages on Fairplace Hill are on medieval sites and the present buildings date from the late Tudor period, as do Pollards Farm and Freckborough Manor House on the eastern boundary of the town. High Chimneys in Keymer Road is a handsome farmhouse once called Woodwards, "Fowles Farm", a 17th-century dwelling is now called "Old Timbers" and West End Farm is now the "Woolpack Pub" were all built or, more correctly rebuilt in the 17th and early 18th centuries. The farm from which the town derives its name, referred to as Burgeshill Land in the 16th century, is now the site of Oakmeeds School and the Chanctonbury Estate. The farmhouse itself is long demolished.
By the early thirteenth century, Norbury was a sub-manor within the chief manor of Croydon. The first recorded mention of Norbury Manor was in 1229 when Peter de Bendings conveyed the Manor to John de Kemsing and his wife Idonea and is referred to as the "lands stretching out either side of the London Road".Clark, David, A History of Norbury, The Streatham Society, 2013 In 1269 the Manor comprised 91 acres of arable land in Pollards Hill, 30 acres in Grandon, 55 acres of pasture, 36 acres of heathland, 2 acres of woodland and 17 acres of meadow land.Clark, David, A History of Norbury, The Streatham Society, 2013 In 1337, Norbury Manor was granted to Nicolas de Carew, who also held neighbouring Beddington Manor.
From Pearson to Douglas it joins with US Route 441 as a four-lane highway, which was completed in 2000. In Douglas, U.S. Route 221 runs as the eastern part of Bowens Mill Rd. and will be widened in the future. It passes through Hazelhurst, Mount Vernon and Soperton before crossing Interstate 16, then later joins up with U.S. Route 1 and Georgia State Route 4 after passing through Louisville. After going through Wrens it splits off to the north cosigned with Georgia State Route 47 and passes through Harlem before crossing Interstate 20 /Georgia State Route 402 about 20 miles West of Augusta, GA. Shortly before crossing into South Carolina, Georgia State Route 150 joins up at the Pollards Corner intersection as Georgia 47 turns away.
This is completely false, but rather the government in the 16th and 17th centuries was opposed to the conversion of timber woodland to coppice woodland for strategic reasons (building ships needed good timber) and what it called "wasted woods" were those lacking timber trees.Straker 1931 p115 A large wood was coppiced by successively cutting compartments (called "cants") defined by ditched banks, pollard trees or both. The present Worth Forest contains the ghost of a grid system of cants with pollards and banks associated with Worth Furnace, but the 2011 survey of Tilgate Forest only turned up one oak pollard (TQ28783396).Butler 2011 p 56 Despite this, it is certain that much of the Forest was under managed coppice in the 17th century especially the flat area called "Furnace Plain" (now the golf course).
The CDP border runs south on Whitcher Road, east on Bascom Road, and south on Unity Road to a tributary of Spring Brook, then follows Spring Brook east to the South Branch of the Sugar River. The border follows the South Branch north to Pollards Mill Road, then follows Breakneck Road, New Hampshire Route 10, the south end of Old Goshen Road, Blaisdell Road, East Mountain Road, Schoolhouse Road, and Bradford Road east to the Sunapee town line. The CDP runs north along the town line to Maple Street south of Wendell, then turns west on an abandoned railroad line and a power line to the Sugar River. Turning east again, the border follows the river upstream to Long Pond Brook, where it turns north, follows Routes 11/103 briefly, then takes Sand Hill Road north back to the Croydon line.
The new coins also contained a privy mark, small differences such as a rose on the king's breast, differences in the king's hair style, or an alteration in the size of the king's eyes, or the style of a letter; these differences were not caused by carelessness but to enable identification of the moneyer who produced the coin, in place of giving the moneyer's name. The crockards, pollards, and rosaries minted in Europe as debased forms of Edward's penny were first accepted as the legal equivalents of halfpence and then banned as counterfeit. The treasurer and justiciar of Ireland, Archbishop Stephen de Fulbourn, had permitted the use of similarly debased Dutch shillings as equivalent to pence. These became known as steepings, scaldings, and Bishop's money but were also banned, as were leonines, mitres, and eagles named for the images they bore.p. xxii.
Examples of trees that do well as pollards include broadleaves such as beeches (Fagus), oaks (Quercus), maples (Acer), black locust or false acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), hornbeams (Carpinus), lindens and limes (Tilia), planes (Platanus), horse chestnuts (Aesculus), mulberries (Morus), Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis), tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), willows (Salix), and a few conifers, such as yews (Taxus). The technique is used in Africa for moringa trees to bring the nutritious leaves into easier reach for harvesting. Pollarding is also used in urban forestry in certain areas for reasons such as tree size management, safety, and health concerns. It removes rotting or diseased branches to support the overall health of the tree and removes living and dead branches that could harm property and people, as well as increasing the amount of foliage in spring for aesthetic, shade and air quality reasons.
Route 420 begins at an intersection with Route 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) along the northern shore of Sandy Lake (part of Grand Lake) and it heads north to immediately have an intersection with Route 422 (Cormack Road) before heading through rural areas for several kilometres. Route 422 is not signed at this intersection, through the designation and road both exist. The highway now has an intersection with Route 421 (Hampden Road) before heading up a narrow valley through hilly terrain for several kilometres to pass through Pollards Point and cross the Main River (via the Main River Bridge) before having an intersection with a local road leading to Sop's Arm. Route 420 passes through more rural and hilly terrain for several more kilometres to enter Jackson's Arm, where it ends at the former Great Harbour Deep Ferry docks after passing through town.
North End shopping street photographed in 2005, after pedestrianisation The CR postcode area covers most of the south and centre of the borough while the SE and SW postcodes cover the northern parts, including Crystal Palace, Upper Norwood, South Norwood, Selhurst (part), Thornton Heath (part), Norbury and Pollards Hill (part). Districts in the London Borough of Croydon include Addington, a village to the east of Croydon which until 2000 was poorly linked to the rest of the borough as it was without any railway or light rail stations, with only a few patchy bus services. Addiscombe is a district just northeast of the centre of Croydon, and is popular with commuters to central London as it is close to the busy East Croydon station. Ashburton, to the northeast of Croydon, is mostly home to residential houses and flats, being named after Ashburton House, one of the three big houses in the Addiscombe area.
French grenade launchers from 1747 The earliest devices which could be referred to as grenade launchers were slings, which could be used to throw early grenado fuse bombs. The ancestors of modern ballistic grenade launchers, however, were simplistic muzzle-loading devices using a stake-like body to mount a short, large-bore gun barrel into which an explosive or incendiary device could be inserted; these were later refined into shoulder-fired blunderbuss-like firearms referred to as "hand mortars".Claude Blair, Pollards History of Firearms Ed. 1983, pp 56-58, 92 These weapons were not highly regarded due to their unreliability, requiring the user to ignite a fuse on the projectile before firing and with a substantial risk of the explosive failing to leave the barrel; attempts to ignite the fuse on firing using the gunpowder charge resulted in weapons that would often force the fuse into the grenade and make it explode in the barrel.
Just east of the river, the state highway, now known as Dawn Boulevard, passes through the hamlet of Hart Corner, which contains Meadow Event Park, the home of the Virginia State Fair starting in 2009. East of the event park, SR 30 reduces to a two-lane highway and continues east to Bowersville, also known as Dawn, where the highway intersects US 301 and SR 2 (Richmond Turnpike). SR 30 continues east into King William County, where the highway is named King William Road. The state highway passes through the hamlets of Calno, Mangohick (the site of Mangohick Church), Epworth, Pollards Corner, and Turpin before reaching its intersection with US 360 (Richmond Tappahannock Highway) in the village of Central Garage. SR 30 continues southeast through Rumford to the unincorporated county seat of King William. The King William County Courthouse, which was constructed in 1725, is the oldest continually used courthouse building in the United States.

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