Virtual ANS is a software simulator of the unique Russian synthesizer ANS - photoelectronic microtonal/spectral musical instrument created by Russian engineer Evgeny Murzin from 1938 to 1958.
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However, the photoelectronic spectrum of reveals four different energy levels that correspond to the ionization energies of the two bonding and two nonbonding pairs of elections at 12.6eV, 14.7eV, 18.5eV, and 32.2eV. This suggest that neither the two O-H bonds nor the two sp3 lone pairs are degenerate in energy.
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In 1914 black phosphorus, a layered semiconducting allotrope of phosphorus, was synthesized. This allotrope has been shown to exhibit high carrier mobility. In 2014, several groups isolated single-layer phosphorene, a monolayer of black phosphorus. It attracted renewed attention because of its potential in optoelectronics and electronics due to its band gap, which can be tuned via modifying its thickness, anisotropic photoelectronic properties and high carrier mobility.
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The Moscow Electrovacuum Instrument Plant, with its two associated special design bureaus, specializes in developing and producing a variety of vacuum tube products (photoelectric cells, xenon and mercury tubes, gas-filled and gas discharge devices, photoelectronic multipliers and others). This plant dates back to before World War II, and was known, until 1972, as the Moscow Electric Lamp Plant (MELZ). The Khromatron Plant in Moscow and the Electrovacuum Instrument Plant in Voronezh, produce mainly CRTs for color television.
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The nanotubes were well dispersed and aligned along fiber axis. The enhanced stiffness and toughness of PMMA fiber meshes by means of inorganic nanotubes addition may have potential applications as impact-absorbing materials. Optical properties of semiconductor quantum dot-inorganic nanotube hybrids reveal efficient resonant energy transfer from the quantum dot to the inorganic nanotubes upon photoexcitation. Nanodevices based on one-dimensional nanomaterials are thought for next-generation electronic and photoelectronic systems having small size, faster transport speed, higher efficiency and less energy consumption.
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The list of applications he has been involved in include electron, electronic and photoelectronic spectroscopies, energetics, geometric and electronic structures, chemical reaction paths, intermediates, and transition states, metal-ligand, metal-metal, metal cluster bonding, and active site reactions in metalloenzymes. The theoretical methods include single and multi-configuration molecular orbital theory, valence bond theory, and effective core and effective fragment potentials. His latest research efforts were directed towards finding appropriate molecular bridges that can serve as nano-conducting and switching elements in molecular electronics. During his career, Prof.
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There is considerable interest in using In2S3 to replace the semiconductor CdS (cadmium sulfide) in photoelectronic devices. β-In2S3 has a tunable band gap, which makes it attractive for photovoltaic applications, and it shows promise when used in conjunction with TiO2 in solar panels, indicating that it could replace CdS in that application as well. Cadmium sulfide is toxic and must be deposited with a chemical bath,Karthikeyan, S.; Hill, A.E.; Pilkington, R.D. (2016). “Low Temperature Pulsed Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering Technique for Single Phase -In2S3 Buffer Layers for Solar Cell Applications.” Appl. Surf. Sci.
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Moscow Electric Lamp Plant Moscow Electric Lamp Plant () is a company based in Moscow, Russia. The Moscow Electric Lamp Production Association has been a leader in the development and production of vacuum tubes for both civil and military use. It is a major producer of cathode ray tubes (CRTs) for color television receivers, and for many years was one of the largest producers in Russia of photoelectronic multiplier tubes (used in light sensing devices). The Association includes three major production facilities: the Moscow Electrovacuum Instrument Plant, which is co-located with the association; the Khromatron Plant, located elsewhere in Moscow; and the Electrovacuum Instrument Plant in Voronezh.
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The ANS synthesizer is a photoelectronic musical instrument created by Russian engineer Evgeny Murzin from 1937 to 1957. The technological basis of his invention was the method of graphical sound recording used in cinematography (developed in Russia concurrently with USA), which made it possible to obtain a visible image of a sound wave, as well as to realize the opposite goal-- synthesizing a sound from an artificially drawn sound spectrogram. In this case the sine waves generated by the ANS are printed onto five glass discs using a process that Murzin (an optical engineer) had to develop himself. Each disc has 144 individual tracks printed onto it, for a total of 720 microtones (discrete pitches), spanning 10 octaves.
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In the 1930s, H.G. Wells proposed the creation of a World Brain. Michael Buckland summarized the very advanced pre-World War II development of microfilm based on rapid retrieval devices, specifically the microfilm based workstation proposed by Leonard Townsend in 1938 and the microfilm and photoelectronic based selector, patented by Emanuel Goldberg in 1931.Buckland, Michael K. "Emanuel Goldberg, Electronic Document Retrieval, And Vannevar Bush's Memex", 1992 Buckland concluded: "The pre-war information retrieval specialists of continental Europe, the 'documentalists,' largely disregarded by post-war information retrieval specialists, had ideas that were considerably more advanced than is now generally realized." But, like the manual index card model, these microfilm devices provided rapid retrieval based on pre-coded indices and classification schemes published as part of the microfilm record without including the link model which distinguishes the modern concept of hypertext from content or category based information retrieval.
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The difference between the predicted bond angle and the measured bond angle is traditionally explained by the electron repulsion of the two lone pairs occupying two sp3 hybridized orbitals. While valence bond theory is suitable for predicting the geometry and bond angle of , its prediction of electronic states does not agree with the experimentally measured reality. In the valence bond model, the two sigma bonds are of identical energy and so are the two lone pairs since they both resides in the same bonding and nonbonding orbitals, thus corresponding to two energy levels in the photoelectronic spectrum. In other words, if water was formed from two identical O-H bonds and two identical sp3 lone pairs on the oxygen atom as predicted by valence bond theory, then its photoelectron spectrum (PES) would have two (degenerate) peaks and energy, one for the two O-H bonds and the other for the two sp3 lone pairs.
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