And the dominance of patrimonial capitalism where inherited wealth just overwhelms the system.
|
|
"I'd call it a neo-feudal or patrimonial system," says a former finance minister.
|
|
"Paris has these beautiful patrimonial sites; it's very unusual for a fair," she said.
|
|
The color of what Piketty calls our "patrimonial capitalism" will be almost exclusively white.
|
|
To the patrimonial male ruling class who has relegated us to the dustbin of history?
|
|
It was also deeply corrupt and patrimonial with private interests coursing through it using bribes and patronage.
|
|
The region's patrimonial treasures are often tucked out of sight, as if waiting to be given their moment.
|
|
He has an annoying habit of weaving fussy patrimonial garlands linking his subjects to mostly dead, mostly male masters.
|
|
We are, Piketty suggested, returning to the kind of dynastic, "patrimonial" capitalism that prevailed in the late 19th century.
|
|
"What is really striking is how strong these patrimonial instincts can be [in an American leader]," Van de Walle says.
|
|
The result is what Salvadoreans call a "patrimonial state", which justifies itself through patronage and stifles any institution that stands up to it.
|
|
We might, he warned, be heading back toward the "patrimonial capitalism" that prevailed in the 19th century — dominance by dynasties centered on vast inherited wealth.
|
|
Instead it remains a patrimonial Muscovite autocracy where the state controls all of the economy and owns a high percentage, often estimated at approximately 28500 percent of it.
|
|
Mr. President, we also prefer reparations before any restitution, just as France, Germany, Japan, and Israel, have all benefited from reparations before considering the restitution of their patrimonial objects.
|
|
Whether the state or the people own the country's wealth, and whether the state obtains its revenues by taxes or through patrimonial rents will determine the arrival, persistence and flourishing of democracy.
|
|
For Pipes, the revolution reflected the gradual breakdown of Russia's distinct autocracy, shaped by a centuries-old tradition of collectivism and patrimonial rule, but McMeekin disputes Pipes's arguments, seeing virtually no difference between the Russian empire and its European rivals.
|
|
Rising inequality resembles the sort described by Thomas Piketty rather than Mr Reeves, in which the concentration of wealth among a small group of plutocrats squeezes the upper middle class: the patrimonial middle class whose prosperity gives them a crucial stake in political stability.
|
|
Según la Ley general de acceso de las mujeres a una vida sin violencia (2009), hay diferentes tipos de violencia: psicológica, física, patrimonial, económica, laboral, docente y sexual, además de cualesquiera otras formas "que lesionen o sean susceptibles de dañar la dignidad, integridad o libertad de las mujeres".
|
|
One of his most original contributions was to locate many of Russia's woes in its failure to evolve beyond its status as a patrimonial state, a term he borrowed from the German sociologist Max Weber to characterize Russian absolutism, in which the czar not only ruled but also owned his domain and its inhabitants, nullifying the concepts of private property and individual freedom.
|
|
Revista do Movimento Patrimonial pela Música Portuguesa, v. 9, p. 19-25. Setembro 2015.
|
|
Revista do Movimento Patrimonial pela Música Portuguesa, v. 9, p. 19-25. Setembro 2015.
|
|
The Kishinev community a "Patrimonial Ring" ("Родовое Кольцо") unites adherents of Slavic vernacular religion.
|
|
Many other conspirators paid for their involvement through the loss of their civic and patrimonial rights.
|
|
The 1097 Council of Liubech modified the rota system such that the Principality became patrimonial land.
|
|
Liparit died shortly thereafter at Constantinople and was reburied to his patrimonial monastery at Katskhi in Georgia.
|
|
Susana Cecilia Igayara. Henrique Oswald e a música vocal. Revista Glosas. Revista do Movimento Patrimonial pela Música Portuguesa, v.
|
|
Angela Jianu, "Women, Dowries, and Patrimonial Law in Old Regime Romania (c. 1750—1830)." Journal of family history 34.2 (2009): 189-205.
|
|
There are two main forms of patrimonialism in Weber's analysis of traditional authority (domination). One form is characterised by a top-down structure where the emperor or sultan rules on the basis of his own legitimate authority through traditional bureaucratic officials (e.g., eunuchs). In principle the Roman Catholic Church is patrimonial in this traditional sense, with the Pope as the Patrimonial Ruler.
|
|
The common-law principles regulating the patrimonial consequences of divorce discussed below apply also, mutatis mutandis, to all customary marriages. There are, however, three exceptions.
|
|
The ruler has complete control over the officials; he empowers them from case to case, assigns specific tasks, promotes and demotes. They have no rights, rather they have privileges granted and withdrawn by the ruler. It is rare to discover any clear and stable hierarchy and responsibility in the deluge of official titles of most patrimonial administrations. Military force is an important instrument of a patrimonial rule.
|
|
In 2006, descendants of the noble family of Andronikashvili attempted to claim the resort, fruitlessly, as their patrimonial estate lost to the Soviet state in 1924.
|
|
In this hall are exhibit all objects with patrimonial value that are testimony of the roles that played the building as seat of the political branches of the country.
|
|
However, the legacy of the oligarchies is still strongly visible in what is described as Neo-Coronelism or electronic coronelism. Brazilian politics is still known for being highly patrimonial, oligarchic, and personalistic.
|
|
131–133, 141, 144, 146; Diaconescu, pp. 170–171, 177 This remained his one documented attack on Orthodox institutions: primarily patrimonial in nature, it also reflected Despot's intention to simplify religious practice.
|
|
There were rumors that in 1440 Astikas was considered as a candidate to the Grand Duke's throne instead of Casimir Jagiellon, but they should be taken with a grain of salt. Astikas' patrimonial lands were around Kernavė, Anykščiai, Užpaliai. His most important patrimonial possession was Musninkai where he funded a Catholic church. In 1447, Grand Duke Casimir Jagiellon gifted Kėdainiai to Astikas and he was instrumental in turning the village into a growing trade center that traded with the Hanseatic League.
|
|
Richard Pipes, Russia under the Old Regime, page 65 He believed they came about through conquest and were common in Africa and Asia. Modern and Contemporary Hungarian academics support the postulate that in the Middle Ages the Kingdom of Hungary existed as a "patrimonial kingdom" (in Hungarian Language: Patrimoniális királyság) where the King was the supreme owner of the Kingdom's lands. Indonesia, before and during the Suharto administration, is often cited as being patrimonial in its political-economy.Schwarz, Adam. 2004.
|
|
Monumento Iglesia Vera Cruz. Barriolastarria.com. Retrieved 7 December 2012.La cultura urbana y los estilos de vida en la revitalizacion de un barrio patrimonial del centro histórico de Santiago. El caso Lastarria-Bellas Artes .
|
|
Later, the descendants of the dukes of Aragvi attempted to restore their titles and patrimonial estates in the Aragvi valley, but to no avail. In 1828, the Russian Senate ruled their claims to be groundless.
|
|
Despite the common misconception, Eleazar ben Simon the Zealot is not the same person as Eleazar ben Ya'ir, the Sicarii leader at Masada. In Josephus' Bellum Judaicum, the primary source of the First Jewish-Roman War, important historical figures are introduced with their patrimonial name when they first appear, and addressed by first name in all following appearances. Since an "Eleazar, son of Simon" and an "Eleasar, son of Ya'ir" are introduced separately with their patrimonial name, Josephus intends to distinguish the two leaders as separate persons.
|
|
"Neopatrimonialism" as a distinct term is generally held to have originated with Shmuel N. Eisenstadt, in his 1973 book Traditional Patrimonialism and Modern Neopatrimonialism, deriving it from Max Weber's term, 'patrimonialism', who used the term to describe a system of rule based on administrative and military personnel, who were responsible only to the ruler. Neopatrimonialism, which is a modern form of the traditional Patrimonial form of rule, is a mixed system. Here elements of patrimonial and rational-bureaucratic rule co-exist and are sometimes interwoven.
|
|
Among these laws were those that determined the number of officers that each one had to have, namely one President, five Counselors/Auditors, a Registrar, a Huissier and a Patrimonial Prosecutor (a "Procureur Patrimonial"); the jurisdiction and knowledge were set forth for all matters concerning the types of income and expense accounting, and the circumstances and dependencies, all the same, and with the same authority and justice that had belonged to the King himself. By 28 October 1563, the number of huissiers had been increased to two.
|
|
One obvious prerequisite for liability in terms of the law of delict is that the plaintiff must have suffered harm; in terms of the Aquilian action, that harm must be patrimonial, which traditionally meant monetary loss sustained due to physical damage to a person or property. Now, however, patrimonial loss also includes monetary loss resulting from injury to the nervous system and pure economic loss. A plaintiff may claim compensation both for loss actually incurred and for prospective loss, including, for instance, the loss of earning capacity, future profits, income and future expenses.
|
|
Max Weber's model of the ideal type of public administration has been an influential approach to civil service reforms in the 20th century. The bureaucratic type of administration contrasts with the patrimonial type in its underlying organizing principles. Weber’s organization of the public administration relies on a clearly defined hierarchical structure with a system of subordination and supervision, a division of labor and specified positions with assigned responsibilities. Contrary to the patrimonial system in which there is no distinction between private and public domains, the Weberian bureaucracy is defined by its impersonal and impartial character.
|
|
Richard Pipes cited the Egyptian Ptolemies and the Attalids of Pergamon as early Patrimonial monarchies, both successor states to Alexander the Great's empire.Richard Pipes, Russia under the Old Regime, page 23 Pipes argues that the Russian Empire between the twelfth and seventeenth century, and with certain modifications until 1917, was a patrimonial system.Richard Pipes, Russia under the Old Regime, page 24 Jean Bodin described seigneurial monarchies in the Six Books of the Commonwealth (1576–1586), where the monarch owns all the land. He claimed that Turkey and Muscovy were the only European examples.
|
|
The building opened on 2 January 1930 with a projection of The Way of All Flesh, although it was formally inaugurated on 7 April 1930. After mortgaging the building because of huge debts accumulated during the Francoist dictatorship, the APM decided to move its headquarters to a small palace in the Salamanca district for free. Two floors of the building hosted the headquarters of the regional branch of the PSOE from 2009 to 2015. It was declared Bien de Interés Patrimonial ("Good of Patrimonial Interest", BIP) by the regional government in 2017.
|
|
Forces of Divergence: Is Surging Inequality Endemic to Capitalism? The New Yorker. Retrieved April 13, 2014.Branko Milanovic (October 2013). The return of "patrimonial capitalism": review of Thomas Piketty's "Capital in the 21st century", Munich Personal RePEc Archive.
|
|
In 1800, the great battery tower collapsed and was carried away. The so-called patrimonial courts (Patrimonialgericht) at Egloffstein Castle over which its free nobles presided continued until 1848. Today, the castle still belongs to the lords of Egloffstein.
|
|
Since her release from prison, Erminia Giuliano lives in Formia, Lazio. In 2019, the Italian State seized her assets due to a patrimonial issue regarding to a mafia-type criminal conspiracy sentence that she was convicted in the past.
|
|
The Lords were literally the peers of the realm. Weber's overarching argument was that with modernity, traditional bureaucratic patrimonial forms of government eventually gave way to modern capitalist bureaucratic rationalism as the main principle of both government and governance.
|
|
Ochmański (1982), pp. 62–63 The Lithuanian state maintained a patrimonial power structure. Gediminid rule was hereditary, but the ruler would choose the son he considered most able to be his successor. Councils existed, but could only advise the duke.
|
|
By the 15th century, this social group and their services were in decline. For example, one leitis from volost of Eišiškės, in a 1514 litigation against a minor landowner over his patrimonial plot, said that he was an "eternal leitis" (лейти звечный). From other sources of the first half of the 16th century, it is known that new people could not become leičiai although they could be accepted to perform the same services. Leičiai, unlike villeins, owned their patrimonial plots, had the right to relocate and return, and were accountable for performing their duties as brethren and not as households.
|
|
The village has, in succession, been the patrimonial possession of the Mortimers, the Poles and the Bacons. It retains the elements of several elegant mansions from as Hull merchants started to build large houses (such as Ferriby House) with cottages for workers.
|
|
The Public Administration of Spain responds patrimonially of certain type of damages that produce incidentally as a consequence of the administrative action. The principle of patrimonial guarantee of the individual against the Administration is consecrated by the Spanish Constitution, specifically in article 106.
|
|
Babich was born in the village of Asyanovo, Birsk county, Ufa Governorate, in the Russian Empire, a place formerly called the Bashkir-patrimonial Kuyukovoy Kanlinskoy parish (now Dyurtyulinsky District of Bashkortostan).Асфандияров А. 3. История сел и деревень Башкортостана и сопредельных территорий. Уфа: Китап, 2009.
|
|
But this was all make-believe, and it ended with this Peace (though it was conveniently revived in 1813).Schama, p. 438. The Prince had reason to feel aggrieved by this. He did have large patrimonial estates in the Netherlands that now were forfeit.
|
|
The Alishev family has a patrimonial piece of land in Andreevskiy > district and also some Nogay mountain villages. Kostyukovskaya village may > supply no more than 600 armed men. River Koysuv abounds with fish. > Sturgeons, starred sturgeons, salmons, carps, asps and others like herring > harbour here.
|
|
French laws and customs came into force. The personal relationships of the farmers as property owners, the patrimonial jurisdiction, and all facilities of a fief nature were lifted. Civilian records replaced church registers as the official records of the state. French became the official style.
|
|
La cultura urbana y los estilos de vida en la revitalizacion de un barrio patrimonial del centro histórico de Santiago. El caso Lastarria- Bellas Artes . Doctorate thesis, Christian Matus Madrid, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Faculty of Architectural Design and Urban Studies. 2010. p.160.
|
|
Van de Walle introduces the notion that in Africa, states are hybrid regimes where patrimonial practices and bureaucracies coexist to a higher or lesser degree. African states have laws and constitutional order and in parallel are ruled by patrimonial logic in which political authority is based on clientelism and office holders constantly appropriate public resources for their own benefit. The dual nature of African regimes means that clientelism is not incidental and cannot be easily corrected with capacity building policies and at the same time formal structures play an important role, even in the least-institutionalized states. During the African Debit Crisis, neopatrimonialism showed various signs of weakness.
|
|
29 He wrote that Russian political culture is "rooted in the historical experience of centuries of absolutism."Nicolai N. Petro, The Rebirth of Russian Democracy: An Interpretation of Political Culture, Harvard University Press, 1995, , Google Print, p.15 Those views had been challenged by other historians, for example, Nicolai N. Petro and Martin Malia (as cited by Hoffmann). Richard Pipes is another influential historian among non- specialists who holds the position about the distinctness of Russian history and political system, describing the absolutism of the Muscovite political system as "patrimonial", and saw the stability of the Soviet Union in the fact that Russians accepted the legitimacy of this patrimonial organization.
|
|
Theologische Literaturzeitung, vol. 67(no. 9/10), col. 281-282. until the mid 19th century the noble lords von Adelebsen maintained a patrimonial court (Patrimonialgericht) at Adelebsen. The lords of Adelebsen issued a judicial code (Gerichtsordnung) in 1543, and an administrative ordinance (Polizeiordnung) in 1550,Walch, Carl Friedrich (1793).
|
|
Peeters Publishers, Bagrat shared with his brothers the patrimonial holdings, but which lands he actually possessed is not directly indicated in the medieval sources. He probably ruled over a part of Tao and Kola (now in Turkey).Toumanoff, Cyril (1967). Studies in Christian Caucasian History, pp. 488-490.
|
|
Martin, Medieval Russia, 32-33. After this conference, the rota system continued to work within these patrimonial principalities at least up to the Mongol Invasion. The rota system also continued with regard to the Kievan throne after 1113 up to the Mongol Invasion as well.Martin, Medieval Russia, 33.
|
|
Because of this, and the high population growth at the time, Iraq became a net importer of food grains; imports of food grain increased twelvefold from the early 1960s. The introduction of subsidies and the removal of financial burdens from the peasantry were populist, but were also part of al-Bakr's plan of creating a patrimonial system with himself at the top. This system gave the economic levers of powers to the political elite, which it used to confiscate the properties of its political opponents. The continued sequestration of land increased the strength of the patrimonial system; members of the political elite could bestow lands to people to increase the support for the government.
|
|
Title of the Chief. The two main Clan historians, Buchanan of Auchmar writing in 1723 uses the term ‘Laird of Buchanan’, while Guthrie Smith writing in 1896 uses the term ‘Laird of Buchanan’ to describe the chiefs up to and including Sir Maurice the 10th of Buchanan and then ‘Buchanan of that Ilk’ up to and including Sir George the 15th of Buchanan and thereafter Buchanan of Buchanan. The chief of a Highland clan could be referred to as the ‘Laird of’, meaning the head of the clan (a patrimonial title), e.g. Laird of Buchanan. The title ‘of that Ilk’ was historically used by both Highland and Lowland clans to indicate head or chiefship (again a patrimonial title), e.g.
|
|
Schulze-Delitzsch was born at Delitzsch, in Saxony. He studied law at Leipzig and Halle universities and, when thirty, he became an assessor in the court of justice at Berlin. Three years later he was appointed patrimonial-richter at Delitzsch. Entering the parliament of 1848, he joined the Left Centre.
|
|
It's of green area that offers to the population and the tourists a permanent programming of environmental, cultural and patrimonial education. The city contains the Baleia State Park, created in 1988 but still not implemented as of 2014. It contains part of the Serra do Rola-Moça State Park, created in 1994.
|
|
Coat of arms of the lordship of Bouillon. The lordship of Bouillon was in the 10th and 11th century one of the core holdings of the Ardennes-Bouillon dynasty, and appears to have been their original patrimonial possession.Murray, p. 10. The Bouillon estate was a collection of fiefs, allodial land, and other rights.
|
|
Put into irons, they were sent to Moscow. Yulay Aznalin was a votchinnik (holder of patrimonial estate), a rich, intelligent and influential man. He was held in general respect among Bashkirs and was a Bauermeister (district foreman). The local authorities gave credence to him; his fidelity to Russian government could not be doubted.
|
|
Its urban extent, which extends into the new parish of Santa Clara, is one of the most built-up regions, preserving a patrimonial identity that is multi-secular, that includes administrative, political, military and religious buildings. Its territory of approximately 1.6 km² is wedged between Santa Clara, Arrifes, São Sebastião and the ocean.
|
|
The Palatine Bank provides services in three domains: patrimonial advice, advice in investment and management of daily count. Its customers are composed of business managers, liberal professions, frames, non-residents and pensioners. Within the Palatine Bank the Direction of the market of the private customers is devoted to the management of heritage.
|
|
José Maria Alkmim (11 June 1901 - 22 April 1974) was Vice President of Brazil from 1964 to 1967. Alkmim was born in Bocaiúva. He served as Minister of Finance before becoming vice president.Brazil: Politics in a Patrimonial Society By Riordan Roett, pg 44 He was also once the Partido Social Democrático's deputy.
|
|
He is the only man, who stayed alive in the novel – and the protagonist is visited by already dead ancestors and their contemporaries. The Chest of Mystery, created by sinful hand of archimandrite Iostos is bound organically in the plot of the novel. The patrimonial chronicles of Shishioni, or Andronikashvili are told in different languages.
|
|
Their possessions passed to Bagrat and his progeny. Their children – Bagrat, son of Sumbat, and Demetre, son of Gurgen – fled to Constantinople from where they would try to retrieve patrimonial lands with the Byzantine aid, for the last time in 1032, but to no avail.Toumanoff, Cyril (1967). Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p. 498.
|
|
Welf III was the last male heir of the Elder Welfs, his patrimonial lands went to the senior branch of the House of Este and the Younger House of Welf. In 1057 Emperor Henry's widow Agnes of Poitou ceded the Carinthian duchy to the Ezzonid scion Conrad III. Welf was buried at Weingarten Abbey.
|
|
As regards the management of patrimonial rights, the difference between copyright and droit d'auteur is not so clear as in both system the producer controls the exploiting of the work. It can be stated that the droit d'auteur favours the author while copyright favours the right to copy (exploitation right) linked to the work itself.
|
|
Patrimonial government occurs when the ruler's household expands with the household administration giving rise to governmental offices. All officials are personal dependents or favourites of the ruler, appointed by him. Their interactions with the ruler are based on paternal authority and filial dependence. The officials treat their work as a personal service to the ruler.
|
|
As it currently stands, the work no longer has its bronze shield in which the Gorgon's face was reflected. It was classified as "Work of major cultural heritage interests" ("Œuvre d'Intérêt Patrimonial Majeur") and was bought in 2008 by the Musée Camille Claudel, then known as the Musée Paul Dubois-Alfred Boucher, in Nogent-sur-Seine.
|
|
If taxpayer sons married that created succession for the family corporation and bound them to the estate for patrimonial and land reasons. Householder marriages did not incur that responsibility, and they generally married for love and were more often monogamist. The small number of polyandry cases within the householder class were limited to only the wealthier families.
|
|
His main patrimonial property was in Kražiai. Stanislovas was married three times to daughters of local nobles – twice to daughters of Alekna Sudimantaitis and once to a daughter of . He fathered three sons Mykolas, Jonas, and Stanislovas Kęsgaila and at least one daughter Barbara who married Jan Janowicz Zabrzeziński. Kęsgaila died in 1527 and was buried at Vilnius Cathedral.
|
|
In 2005, the island of Ratua became the property of a French nature lover who established a private resort which encapsulates the patrimonial association of nature preservation. The resort has adopted an "eco-friendly" philosophy, offering dynamic natural resources as well as employing local inhabitants of the island in order to grow and sustain their economy.
|
|
Michele Pinto (born 2 January 1931, Teggiano) is an Italian politician. He served as Minister of agriculture in the Prodi I Cabinet and was the promoter of the "Pinto law" on fair reparation for the damage, patrimonial or non- patrimonial, suffered for the unreasonable duration of a trial (Law No. 89 of 24 March 2001). On 4 February 1997 the Chamber of Deputies rejected with 250 votes in favor and 311 votes against a motion of no confidence filed by the Northern League and National Alliance against him on the charge of not having been able to protect Italian breeders before the European Union on the issue of milk quotas. He was made Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic by the President in Rome on 21 December 2005.
|
|
After Bagrat's return in 1053, Liparit again warred against him. Eventually, in 1060, he was arrested by his followers and surrendered to the king, who forced him into a monastery under the name of Anton. Liparit died shortly thereafter at Constantinople and was reburied to his patrimonial monastery at Katskhi in Georgia. Liparit's sons, Ivane and Niania, entered the Byzantine service.
|
|
Among remains found on these sites are chopping tools, lithic flakes, hand axes as well as some objects made of bone. The older middens have been dated to 5,900BC and some of these remain in use, as the local communities use them as modern rubbish dumps.Ricardo Álvarez. Conchales arqueológicos y comunidades locales de Chiloéa través de una experiencia de educación patrimonial.
|
|
The last one, Rev. Anthony Eseke, was ordained in his patrimonial home of Enugu-Ukwu, Anambra State later that month to the sacred priesthood. In addition to increase in priestly and religious vocations, the diocese of Idah has increased exponentially. Many parishes have been added to the original eleven parishes then extant when Bishop Obot came to Idah diocese in 1978.
|
|
The Rideau Heritage Route (français: Circuit patrimonial Rideau) links Ottawa with Kingston via Smiths Falls and Perth. The route is found in Eastern Ontario, along the oldest continuously operated canal in North America. The locks work today much as they did when first opened in 1832. They are a National Historic Site of Canada and a UNESCO world heritage site.
|
|
Ghorids and Ghaznavids civilizations, later the Mongols and Timurid dynasties. Each of these civilizations left visible imprints on the region's local culture. According to genetic evidence, the ethnic group has both "patrimonial and maternal relations" to Turkic peoples and the Mongols,Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes, Daniel L. Hartl, Elizabeth W. Jones, p. 309.Rosenberg, Noah A. et al.
|
|
According to the 2015 Balance of the Ligue 180 toll-free line, 76,651 reports of violence were registered, being: 38.451 reports of physical violence (50.15%); 23,247 reports of psychological violence (30.33%); 5.556 reports of moral violence (7.25%); 3.961 reports of home imprisonment (5.17%) 3.478 reports of sexual violence (4.54%); 1.607 reports of patrimonial violence (2.10%); 351 report of people trafficking (0.46%).
|
|
By 1628, Hans Ulrich was also named Duke of Krumau. Hans Ulrich reached the pinnacle of his career in 1625 when he was made Gubernator (Governor) of Inner Austria. From this point on, he ruled "in the name of the Emperor" the Inner Austrian Patrimonial Lands with absolute power comparable only to an archdukeDie Fürsten und Freiherren zu Eggenberg und ihre Vorfahren.
|
|
St. Stephen's Orthodox Cathedral is the patrimonial heritage of Kudassanad, which is one of the most famous churches in the Malankara Orthodox community in Kerala. St. Thomas Catholic Church, consecrated in 1944, is another church of worship, besides one Guru Mandiram which is dedicated for the great Sree Narayana Guru, who taught 'One Caste, One Religion, One God for man'.
|
|
By December 1155 the government of the tenencia (fief) of Trastámara had been confided in him. He is last recorded ruling there in January 1159. By February 1156 he had been invested with the tenencias of Aranga and Traba, which he kept until his death. Trastámara and Traba, though not patrimonial lands, were royal territories usually entrusted to members of the Traba family.
|
|
Thomas Blanchet, Horace le Blanc, Magnan and Pierre David are the sculptors or painters whose works can be seen in the chapel. There are often patrimonial visits, haute couture shows, seminars and charity work in the chapel. About 30,000 people visit it each year. In the 1990s, the City of Lyon, the Grand Lyon and the State decided to restore the chapel.
|
|
She did not allow any questions from attending journalists, and when pressed about the increase to her patrimonial assets, Cabezas left the conference room. As a result of the controversy, she became less visible among PAIS Alliance's ranks and during the was placed ninth in the list of PAIS Alliance candidates for the National Assembly, and she could not retain her seat.
|
|
The local population the Bashkirs feared losing their patrimonial rights to lands obtained under the conditions of accession to Russia, and sought to protect their cultural, religious and domestic traditions. The discontent of the people have caused a Bashkir rebellion of 1735–1740. On the rebellion "mountain power" responded with punitive campaigns. Residents of insurgent villages were killed, sold into slavery, forcibly baptized.
|
|
Since the mid-16th century, the Bashkirs were vassals of the Tsardom of Russia. The main reason for the rebellion was the fear of losing patrimonial rights to lands received under the terms of accession to Russia as a result of the Russian expansion. The Bashkirs were also unhappy with the arbitrariness of the Ufa governor and complained about increasing taxes and abuse by officials during collections.
|
|
However, the church was still not allowed to pursue educational and charitable activities. There was even a patrimonial investigation made by authorities which claims that some people were punished for what their ancestors or kinship did. People could have been prisoned just for having relatives abroad or making a joke against communism. In addition, the Romanian government limited the number of Americans to stay in the country.
|
|
In 1838 Friedrich Ritter von Mr. Neupauer on Goltsch-Jenikau. He received a year later by King Ferdinand V privilege for six fairs. Following the replacement of patrimonial Goltsch-Jenikau in 1849 for independent municipality. In 1869 the first train ran the Austrian Northwestern Railway on the route from Kolín to Goltsch-Jenikau and in 1870 the operation between Deutschbrod and Goltsch-Jenikau added.
|
|
However, high poverty rates and blatant social inequality chiefly stem from persistent authoritarianism, "neo-patrimonial" practices at all levels of the political, administrative, military and economic structures, and of a pervasive corruption.Anti- corruption watchdog Transparency International rates Angola one of the 10 most corrupt countries in the world.Dolan, Kerry A. (23 January 2013). "Isabel Dos Santos, Daughter Of Angola's President, Is Africa's First Woman Billionaire" . Forbes.
|
|
On 1 June 1992, the property came under the authority of the Instituto Português do Património Arquitectónico - IPPAR (Portuguese Institute of Patrimonial Architecture), under decree 106F/92. Over the decades, even after the IPPAR was refashioned into the IGESPAR, the Castle has been monitored, maintained and directed by the Comissão de Vigilância do Castelo de Santa Maria da Feira, who operates tours and tourist-inspired interpretive guides.
|
|
This marriage was childless. His main estate was in Iwye in present-day Grodno Region, Belarus (it was granted to him in 1434 by Sigismund Kęstutaitis, but it could have been a confirmation of his patrimonial rights). From his second mother- in-law he received Losk () and was asked to take care of her other two daughters. Mantigirdaitis had other landholdings near Šalčininkai and Ashmyany.
|
|
Following the Conquest of Chile by Pedro de Valdivia, this area was left under the control of Bartolomé Blumenthal, a German migrant to Chile, who built a mill on the site.La cultura urbana y los estilos de vida en la revitalizacion de un barrio patrimonial del centro histórico de Santiago. El caso Lastarria-Bellas Artes . Doctorate thesis, Christian Matus Madrid, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
|
|
Max Weber wrote of Patrimonialism as a form of traditional domination. Initially it was centered on family structures, particularly on the authority of fathers within families, in other words patriarchy. But patriarchy only describes the earlier, smaller form. For Weber, patrimonial monarchies and similar forms of government were projections of patriarchy (the rule of the father within the family) onto a broader set of social relationships.
|
|
If a work was published within thirty days in a foreign country and in Russia, it was considered to have been first published in Russia. (Article 5 of the law, which laid down these definitions, was modified in 2004 by law no. 72-FL.Law no. 72- of 2004.) Following the continental European tradition of author's rights, the law recognized moral and economic (patrimonial) rights.
|
|
During the interrogation D96 in front of the Police Chief Jean-Philippe Casano, Ferretti declares: "the (Frigo) était payé près de ... euros par a et à ce tarif qui, an employer a le droit de faire pression ...". The Ravenna Court branch of Lugo established that the Fassa Bortolo did not close due to Dario Frigo case. Although the judges recognized the "doping organized and institutionalized" in 2010 at the Court of Treviso, the Fassa Bortolo filed a civil lawsuit against Dario Frigo for the injured image of Fassa Spa, for compensation of the patrimonial and non-patrimonial damages suffered by Fassa Bortolo and quality of the author of the declarations reported in the newspaper il Gazzettino, where he remained for a month, with consequent pecuniary reparation. With sentence n. 2146/15 of 5/10/2015, the Court of Treviso rejects the request for damages from Fassa Bortolo.
|
|
The Catholic parish was Gang, part of the town of Kutná Hora, the governmental center was Kaisersdorf (Císařoves). In 1846 the Evangelical cemetery was created with financial support from the Gustav Adolf Foundation. Until the middle of the 19th century, Libenitz remained subject to Kolin. After the abolition of patrimonial rule, Libenice, together with the district of Grunta, formed a municipality in the district of Kolin from 1849.
|
|
S v Van Zyl 1987 (1) SA 497 (O). In the estimation of Snyman, "It would have been better to punish this type of conduct as fraud instead of arson, but the courts will in all probability not depart from the appeal court's view."Snyman 2008, p. 548. Intention, and more particularly the intention to damage property by setting fire to it, thereby causing patrimonial harm to somebody, is also required.
|
|
As has been seen, fraternal polyandry was a form of marriage that was prevalent among the tre-ba class. Traditionally, marriages were arranged by the parents, often when the children were still very young. As tre-ba marriages were decided for patrimonial reasons, the brides' and bridegrooms' personal preferences were of no consequence. In polyandrous conjugal family, the eldest brother was, more often than not, the dominant person in the household.
|
|
Edward MacLysaght. Irish Family Names (Irish Academic Press, Dublin 1985) p100 It was common at the end of the sixteenth century in many parts of Connaught and Munster.Rev. Patrick Woulfe. Irish Names and Surnames (Dublin 1923) p551 The Hannons or Ó hAnnáin are a Dalcassian sept of noble Milesian ancestry whose members attained the status of knighthood, and whose patrimonial lands were in this area, south of Quin.
|
|
There are five essential elements for liability in terms of the actio legis Aquiliae: # The harm must take the form of patrimonial loss. # The conduct must take the form of a positive act or an omission or statement. # The conduct must be wrongful: that is to say, objectively unreasonable and without lawful justification.If one has a valid defence, one's conduct is justified, and one has not behaved wrongfully or unlawfully.
|
|
Damages for non-patrimonial loss, or solatium, do not serve a compensatory function, for such loss does not have an economic or pecuniary value. Instead the emphasis is on providing satisfaction or solace to the plaintiff in so far as it is possible for an award of money to do so. The purpose of obtaining solatium is to provide reparation for the wrong; the award does not have a punitive purpose.
|
|
The oil revenues strengthened the political elite's patrimonial system; the means of patronage exceeded "anything available to" previous rulers. After the nationalisation of the IPC, Iraq's oil revenue increased from 219 million ID in 1972 1.7 billion ID in 1974 to 3.7 billion ID in 1978 to 8.9 billion ID in 1980. In short, Iraq increased its oil revenue by over 40 times in less than a decade.
|
|
The cave castle seen from Stein Count Carl Fugger von Kirchberg bought the property from the Toerrings in 1633. Later it passed by marriage to the lords (Freiherren) of Lösch. In 1818 a 2nd class patrimonial court was established in the old Hofmark in the wake of reforms in Bavaria. In 1845 Amélie de Beauharnais, widow of the emperor of Brazil, bought Stein Castle for herself and her daughter.
|
|
Weber defines politics as a form of "independent leadership activity". In this essay, the "state" serves as the placeholder for the analysis of political organizations. The grounds for the legitimate rule of these political organizations, according to Weber, fall into three major categories, or types:Weber 2015:137-138 ;Traditional Authority: The authority of "eternal past," based on habit. Weber defines custom as largely patriarchal, patrimonial, and traditional in scope.
|
|
Marcin Bielski Marcin Bielski (or Wolski; 1495 – 18 December 1575) was a Polish soldier, historian, chronicler, renaissance satirical poet, writer and translator. His son, , royal secretary to king Sigismund III Vasa, was also a historian and poet. He was born of noble parentage on the patrimonial estate of Biała (whence the family name), Pajęczno County, in the Polish province of Sieradz. His alternate surname Wolski derives from his estate at Wola.
|
|
In the mid-2000s, an idea came within the Grêmio, to build a new stadium to host matches of the Tricolor. The idea was carried out in 2006 with the beginning of the work viability studies. The objective was to make a self-sustaining stadium, unlike the Estádio Olímpico Monumental, that was already falling apart. In May 2006, the Grêmio's master patrimonial plan was formulated, which, precisely, headed the project.
|
|
In 1662, Bertrand Postel, Sieur du Clivet, took the lead of the rebels of Boulonnais in the Lustucru Revolt and dragged them to Hucqueliers where the fortress served as a base for the final denouement. In retaliation, the king's soldiers burned his patrimonial manor. Arrested, du Clivet succumbed to the breaking wheel on August 19, 1662. In 1820, the hamlet of Séhen tried to fight for its parish independence.
|
|
Adherents of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Denmark are traditionally organized in accordance with patrimonial ecclesiastical jurisdictions. Eastern Orthodox Danes of Greek origin belong to the Metropolis of Sweden and Scandinavia, under the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Those of Russian origin are directly under the Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church.Russian Orthodox Church in Denmark Those of Serbian origin belong to the Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Britain and Scandinavia.
|
|
The peasants formed a class apart, untouched by the influence of Western civilization. This fact was recognized by the legislators of 1864, and beneath the statutory tribunals created in that year the special courts of the peasants were suffered to survive. These were indeed but a few years older. Up to 1861, the date of the emancipation, the peasant serfs had been under the patrimonial jurisdiction of their lords.
|
|
Until the late 18th century, certain regiments of the French cavalry could be, with the King's permission, "purchased", i.e. the right to command the regiment could be transmitted from an individual to another, usually with monetary compensation. The buyer, if he had prior service as an officer, was promoted ipso facto mestre de camp. In certain cases, the King let the regiment pass from father to son, like a patrimonial estate.
|
|
Patrimonial Nacional, the state agency for Spanish royal sites, is responsible for managing the property, which is open to the public. The gardens of the building were designed in the Italian style and still remain today even if they are slightly less lavish. Sadly, the original decoration has been lost; one ceiling can still be seen and was painted by Vicente Gómez; the ceiling shows the Four Seasons.
|
|
On 3 August 1048, his signature "strengthened" (roboravit) a private purchase by Abbot Domingo of Cardeña. His confirmation was also said to "strengthen" Bishop Gómez's purchase of land near Burgos on 13 August 1052. On 15 May 1050, he confirmed the bishop's cession of certain patrimonial estates to Cardeña, and on 31 August, he witnessed the king and Queen Sancha grant two monasteries to Bishop Gómez and Abbot Domingo.
|
|
However, the legacy of café com leite is still strongly visible. Brazilian politics is still known for being highly patrimonial, oligarchic, and personalistic and São Paulo and Minas Gerais remain the country's dominant states. This nomination was given in the mid 20th century by History teachers to memorize the two states more easily, but the oligarchs from Minas Gerais were also coffee farmers, and dairy was not significant to the economical landscape.
|
|
Necropolis de San Carlos Borromeo also known as Cementerio de San Carlos or San Carlos Cemetery is located in Matanzas, Cuba. It was inaugurated on September 2, 1872 on 13.5 hectares. It is the third most important Cemetery of Cuba in terms of patrimonial value, as much for its architecture, as for the personalities interred. His main architect was Francisco Sosa Vélez, who used Carrara marble, bronze and cast iron for the construction.
|
|
Nervous or psychiatric injury is sustained through the medium of the eye or the ear without direct physical impact: that means, a mental rather than a physical injury. For patrimonial loss to be actionable in the case of emotional shock, it must have been intentionally or negligently inflicted. The objective-reasonableness test may be satisfied by looking at the foreseeability of such an injury. There are six established principles: # Mental harm must arise.
|
|
Alberto Alcocer Torra (born December 17, 1942, in Madrid, Spain) is a Spanish businessman. He is owner, with his cousin Alberto Cortina, of Alcor Holding, a patrimonial society owner of 12.5% of Grupo ACS, the major Spanish construction company, and of 21% of the wastebasket company, Ence. As of March 2011, according to Forbes, he is ranked 13th richest in Spain and 993rd globally with an estimated net worth of $1.2 billion.
|
|
The Grand Premiere on April 2019 was a real success as Luc PETIT directed the show based on the well-known Chinese legend of the Eight Immortals. Together with Michel TEHEUX and Anne ROELANDT, he created a non- profit organization NOCTURNALES, a new concept of heritage operas, which highlight the architectural wealth of cathedrals and patrimonial buildings. The tour NOEL DES CATHEDRALES and recently, the FÉERIES DE BELOEIL are some of his creations.
|
|
In later life, Whang-od's chosen apprentices constituted of only women, breaking the patrimonial tradition for the first time in recorded Kalinga history. Despite breaking tradition, her community accepted her decision. She has been doing the batok, the traditional hand- tapped tattooing, on male headhunters who earned the tattoos by protecting villages or killing enemies. She also applies tattoos on women of the Butbut people in Buscalan, Kalinga, primarily for aesthetic purposes.
|
|
Pierre Louis Paquin, article "Incendie suspect à Lac-Édouard: un joyau patrimonial brûlé" (Fire suspect in Lake Edward Island: a gem heritage burned), journal Le Nouvelliste, May 13, 2013. This large house had a large atrium, two stories high, at the entrance. The rooms of the nuns were furnished on the second floor. In 2006, businessman Jean-Guy Pronovost from Trois-Rivières acquired the site and outdoor base from Ministry of Natural Resources and Wildlife.
|
|
And the Château De Lavallaz manor house which was once a feudal residence and is still lived in today. Historic aerial photograph by Werner Friedli from 1949 Up until 1960 Collombey-Muraz was principally an agricultural commune. One patrimonial specificity of the commune's villages is without doubt the wells. Because of such a high water table, many wells were dug in the villages situated on the valley floor; Collombey, Collombey-le-Grand and Illarsaz.
|
|
By the end of the war, German occupation had reduced Norway's GDP by 45% – more than any other occupied country. In addition to this came the physical and patrimonial ravages of the war itself. In Finnmark, these were considerably important, as large areas were destroyed as a result of the scorched earth policy that the Germans had pursued during their retreat. Moreover, many towns and settlements were damaged or destroyed by bombing and fighting.
|
|
The 7-storey, 45-metre high bell-tower was built later than the church itself in mid-1690s. The entire interior is covered with frescoes depicting Christian saints, St. John the Baptist hagiography and biblical topics. They were painted by Dmitry Plekhanov and Fyodor Ignatyev in 1694-1695. In 1911, patrimonial defensor Nicholas Roerich wrote Silent Pogrom about the unskillfull restoration of the church after the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905.
|
|
Riordan Roett, Brazil: politics in a patrimonial society . Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999, , page 50, available at The party joined the Socialist International in 1986, and since then the party's symbol has contained a hand with a red flower (symbol of SI). Brizola quickly restored his political prominence in Rio Grande do Sul and gained political pre-eminence in the State of Rio de Janeiro, where he sought a new basis of political support.
|
|
After the war, the rural exodus broke the growth that took place where the export volume increased by 25%. Altitude plantations were progressively abandoned, the plots were concentrated in the piedmonts, and coffee was not mentioned in the agricultural statistics after 1965. Some dynamic producers revived the culture, with economic plans and identity assertion in the zone. They leaned on the patrimonial value of the “cafe bonifieur”: its reputation, typicality and history.
|
|
She outlived her husband by at least ten years: on 18 April 1129 she granted a fuero to Villarmildo. The couple's children were Constance, Diego, María, and Ramiro. Fruela's patrimonial lands contained some of Spain's premier horse pastures, and he was able to give the queen a horse worth 5,000 solidi in 1116. The famous warhorse Bavieca was said, albeit wrongly, to have hailed from Fruela's lands. The above illustration is from c.1086.
|
|
The Lord President of the Court of Session, often known simply as the Lord President, acted as a link between the Privy Council and the Court.Goodacre, The Government of Scotland, 1560–1625, p. 160. The king's advocate acted as the legal council. The post emerged in the 1490s to deal with the king's patrimonial land rights and from 1555 there were usually two king's councillors, indicating the increase in the level of work.
|
|
The National Heritage is constituted by goods and rights reserved for the use and enjoyment of the members of the Royal House. They have a marked public domain, and an intense protection that makes them more inalienable than the common public domain goods. There is no assumption that the assets and rights of the National Heritage can be removed from their public domain character to be converted into patrimonial assets (private law) and subsequently alienated.
|
|
In the Dominican Republic, there are three distribution companies. The government owns two of them, EdeNorte and EdeSur, through the CDEEE (50%) and the Fondo Patrimonial de las Empresas (FONPER). It also maintains a 50% ownership of the third one, EdeEste, (the additional 50% is owned by the Trust Company of the West (TCW) which is operated by AES Corporation, its original buyer. The three companies serve a similar share of the market.
|
|
Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrimonial inheritance, where only male children can inherit. Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters. Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.
|
|
He painted the portraits of historical people of Georgia, Armenia and old Eastern countries. He also discovered Georgian historical patrimonial flags and emblems and found the signatures of Georgian political and public figures and examples of Georgian money and cloth. He recovered these materials from the museums of Tbilisi, Moscow and Petersburg, from gravestones, from the walls of Georgian churches and monasteries, and from miniatures of manuscripts. In 1981, Vadbolsky received the title of Honored Painter.
|
|
Hesse-Darmstadt was a member of Napoleon's Confederation of the Rhine during the Napoleonic Wars. Rapidly expanding during the mediatizations, Hesse- Darmstadt became an amalgamation of smaller German states, such as the Electorate of Cologne. The legal patchwork of the state culminated in a decree issued on 1 October 1806 by Louis I. The old territorial estates were abolished, which altered Hesse-Darmstadt "from a mosaic of patrimonial fragments into a centralized, absolute monarchy."Hans A. Schmitt.
|
|
Their sons, Pelko and Nemir, were said in the legend to have been baptized on the request of their father. The two became the mythical ancestors of several Polish noble families. To develop legal and commercial relations between Jews, Poles, and Germans, Pelko was sent to Kraków. In 1363, Nemir was sent to Ruthenia to establish a new knightly order, which later became the patrimonial nest of the Rudanovsky dynasty She also had two daughters brought up as Jews.
|
|
Veldamai were different from kaimynai, a class of peasants also under control of the nobles, as kaimynai did not own their land and had to rent it from the nobles. Veldamai had some personal freedoms and rights. Their daughters could marry anyone their families approved upon a payment of kriena, a wedding tribute to the noble. The nobles could not usurp their property, including land, animals, and tools, or transform them into a šeimynykštis, a type of patrimonial slaves.
|
|
He also had at least one sister named Mumadona (married to Salvador González). Chaytor, 36, has Nuño constantly at the court of Ferdinand and his son Sancho II, but Reilly, 38, knows of no charter of Sancho II's signed by a Nuño Álvarez. Since Nuño's brother Diego and sister Mumadona held land at Carazo and Lara de los Infantes, it seems likely that Nuño's lordship in this region was based on familial estates and patrimonial lands.
|
|
Dominique Reynié graduated from Sciences Po Paris in 1983, where he also presented a master thesis in political science in 1984. In 1994, within the same institution, he became a doctor of political science. His thesis was directed by Jean Leca, on the theme: The Democratic Order: The Practical Foundations of a Democratic-type Mass Policy.Dominique Reynié,L'avènement du populisme patrimonial, le Monde, 7 avril 2011 He earned his Agrégation of political science (French academic certification) in 1997.
|
|
He travels to the continent > and serves under the rulers of Frakkland, Grikkland, and Romaborg, > distinguishing himself in tournament and war. Several princesses fall > passfonately in love with him, but he rejects them. Eventually, he > vanquishes Heinrekr, becomes ruler of his patrimonial as well as other > lands, and marries the daughter of the king of Grikkland.Marianne E. Kalinke > and P. M. Mitchell, Bibliography of Old Norse–Icelandic Romances, Islandica, > 44 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1985), p. 24.
|
|
"Alqueria de Canet" buildings within the Real Gardens in Valencia. During the time of Sharq al-Andalus a real (from the Arabic Riyad) was a kind of orchard or garden, with some kind of building as summer residence that used to belong to a member of Andalusian urban oligarchy, located around the cities or large farmhouses.CSIC Escuela de Estudios Árabes, La arquitectura residencial de al- Andalus: análisis tipológico, contexto urbano y sociológico. Bases para la intervención patrimonial.
|
|
Nationalistic organizations began to challenge both the traditional and the new colonial structures and finally displaced them. Leaders of nationalist movements took control when the European authorities exited; many ruled for decades or until they died off. These structures included political, educational, religious, and other social organizations. In recent decades, many African countries have undergone the triumph and defeat of nationalistic fervor, changing in the process the loci of the centralizing state power and patrimonial state.
|
|
The human occupation of this territory began in the neolithic period, with small communities farming and cattle raising. The Roman civilization had an important influence in these lands leaving a rich patrimonial legacy. During the Middle Ages there existed in the territory of the present council two different population nucleus, the Villa of Monforte and the Villa of Assumar. The first Letter of charter was granted in 1257, by D.Afonso III, to the Villa of Monforte.
|
|
Conrad, the elder son of Duke Conrad I of Carinthia and Matilda of Swabia, was born between 1002 and 1005. He was underage when his father died in 1011. He inherited his father's patrimonial lands, but Emperor Henry II made Adalbero of Eppelstein the new duke of Carinthia. After Emperor Henry II died in 1024, both Conrad and his cousin, Conrad the Elder, laid claim to the throne and Conrad the Elder was elected the new monarch.
|
|
Chicamocha Canyon has a length of , Cañones de Colombia, una cadena infinita de montañas extends over , Nuestro Cañón sería 'bien de interés patrimonial universal' and a maximum depth of , making it the second-largest canyon in the world. ¿Por qué el Cañón del Chicamocha fue nominado a las 7 maravillas naturales del mundo? The canyon was formed in a period since about 30 million years ago. The southern extension near Soatá, contained a Pleistocene paleolake, Lake Soatá.
|
|
Mehmed IV (r. 1648–1687), the longest reigning sultan of the seventeenth century. While in 1550 the Ottoman Empire was a patrimonial state in which all power was held exclusively by the sultan, by 1700 it had experienced a political transformation whereby the sultan's monopoly on power was replaced with a multi-polar system in which political power was informally shared among many different individuals and factions. This process came about gradually, and was not unopposed.
|
|
Monastery of Valbuena founded by Rodrigo's wife Estefanía shortly before his final pilgrimage to Jerusalem, on which she did not accompany him. Rodrigo returned to Spain, via the Adriatic and Italy, in 1139, and, being barred from returning to Castile or his patrimonial lands, sojourned at various courts in the east of the peninsula. He served for a time Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona, who made him lord of Huesca and Jaca between 1139 and 1141.
|
|
The served as the court of first instance for minor disputes of the nobles and as the appeal instance for village courts and patrimonial courts (). From the beginning of their existence, the noble judges were the real representatives of county autonomy. They were elected by the congregatio generalis (see below) and were not only judges, but also political administrators of their respective processus districts (see below). They formed the core of the newly arising class of squires.
|
|
Nationalistic organizations began to challenge both the traditional and the new colonial structures and finally displaced them. Leaders of nationalist movements took control when the European authorities exited; many ruled for decades or until they died off. These structures included political, educational, religious, and other social organizations. In recent decades, many African countries have undergone the triumph and defeat of nationalistic fervor, changing in the process the loci of the centralizing state power and patrimonial state.
|
|
The inheritance is patrimonial. The father —that is, the owner of the land— bequeaths only to his male descendants, so the Promised Land passes from one Jewish father to his sons. If there were no living sons and no descendants of any previously living sons, daughters inherit. In , the daughters of Zelophehad (Mahlah, Noa, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah) of the tribe of Manasseh come to Moses and ask for their father's inheritance, as they have no brothers.
|
|
Soysa's appeal to the Court of Appeal was dismissed, however the quantum of damages was reduced as under the Common Law of Sri Lanka which is Roman Dutch law, damages could only be awarded for patrimonial loss. The Supreme Court allowed Prof. Soysa's appeal setting aside judgments of both lower courts. In a landmark judgment heavily critical of the decisions of the lower courts, the Supreme Court held that causation was not established on a balance of probabilities by the plaintiff.
|
|
One of the first major works was the construction of another iconic building in Rosario, the one known as the Palacio "La Rosario", which will later become the birthplace of the legendary guerrilla warrior Ernesto Guevara, aka Che Guevara. "La Rosario", is situated in the intersection of Urquiza and Entre Rios. Next in line came the Palacio Fuentes, a recognizable landmark and one of the first skyscrapers in South America.Rosario patrimonial value – Palacio Fuentes – 1998 Other projects carried out by Ferrarese Hermanos & Cia.
|
|
He went on to specialise in the study of ancient Greek money, presenting a doctoral dissertation in 1988. In 1991 he was appointed to the medals collection of the Royal Library of Belgium, becoming director of the collection in 1994. In 2006 he was appointed over-all head of the patrimonial collection of the Royal Library (including manuscripts rare books, prints, maps, coins, medals and music). In 1995 and 2003 he was visiting professor of the Summer Seminar of the American Numismatic Society.
|
|
Jena: Crökersche Buchhandlung. providing the basis of legal procedure and administrative regulations within their jurisdiction, as well as the extraction of fines for violations. They drew their income primarily from taxation, fines, and licensing fees with respect to businesses such as brewing, the running of inns or taverns, and the exercise of trades and certain crafts. In 1859, under the administration of the Kingdom of Hanover, the patrimonial court's jurisdiction was subsumed under the newly established royal government office at nearby Uslar.
|
|
Loubser, et al. 2009, p. 4. The classic remedy for a delict is compensation: a claim of damages for the harm caused. If this harm takes the form of patrimonial loss, one uses the Aquilian action; if pain and suffering associated with bodily injury, a separate action arises, similar to the Aquilian action but of Germanic origin; finally, if the harm takes the form of injury to a personality interest (an injuria), the claim is made in terms of the actio injuriarum.
|
|
Elst, p. 445ff. Contracts have to be in writing, except for contracts about the use of a work in a periodical, which may be concluded orally. Shrink-wrap licenses for software are allowed.Elst, p. 454, citing Gavrilov to clarify that for publication in electronic media, contracts must be in written form. The law distinguishes between exclusive and non-exclusive transfers of rights. Only patrimonial rights can be transferred, but not moral rights, the resale right, or the right to remuneration for home- copying.
|
|
The tsarist government, unable to defeat the rebels, was forced to meet their basic requirements. Ufa governor's Stolnik Andrei Volkonsky was prematurely removed from office, and replaced, at the request of the Bashkirs, by F.I. Somov. More significant was a concession to the government on the land issue: the patrimonial right to land of the Bashkirs was officially confirmed. The new governor was ordered to consider petitions by Bashkirs against land grab by Russian migrants and to meet their demands.
|
|
Miguel Covarrubias gave the impetus to his six mobile murals, titled Pageant of the Pacific. (Spanish), self-description, Exibición de la Colección Acervo Patrimonial. Ruíz was assistant to Covarrubias in painting the six murals entitled The Fauna and Flora of the Pacific, Peoples, Art and Culture, Economy, Native Dwellings, and Native Means of Transportation. They were created for the Golden Gate International Exposition (GGIE) in 1939, later they were moved to the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
|
|
The previous harsh winter of 1789/1790 and the drought in 1790, however, increased the potential for conflict. So in the summer of 1790, more and more peasants rebelled against the Saxon state, the revolt being centred on Wechselburg. One of the best known spokesmen for the peasants was Christian Benjamin Geißler, also called "the Rebel of Liebstadt" ("Rebell von Liebstadt"). By mid-August, the farmers had taken control of fifteen patrimonial court districts, covering an area of 5,000 square kilometres.
|
|
The Pandas of Devprayag spend 6 months of a year at Badrinath, 2-3 months in Devprayag, and the rest in their own regions. It is quite hard for a Panda and his family as He spends very less time with the family. Many peoples say that Pandagiri is a very normal and less prestigious occupation. But as it belongs to their God Almighty and this is their patrimonial occupation, it automatically becomes more prestigious rather than the other occupations.
|
|
The CERCA Juridical Commission, with the participation of the juridical staff of the CERCA Centers, meets at least twice a year to analyse the application of the approved provisions by the centers. The Economic Department analyses the economic documentation of the centers and advises them about its economic- financial and patrimonial situation. The I-CERCA organizational and administrative support also offers coverage to the Centers for the processes of selection and incorporation of new directors and for the organization of specific workshops.
|
|
On one occasion, the municipal government had attempted to impede the re-classification process for the system. Concerning nationally sensitive heritage sites, Portuguese law states that the authorized patrimonial agency (IPPAR, IGESPAR or DRCNorte) has to give explicit approval for projects within of a designated structure, or group of structures. There have been no approvals under its classification file. In 2009, in order to remedy the planned construction, Estradas de Portugal suggested the construction of a bridge over Sete Fontes.
|
|
But it also came with the achievements of the new French Republic. Feudalism was abolished, estate privileges (manorial system, patrimonial courts) disappeared. A Liberty Pole was put up in the main street, streets and places were given new names, a revolutionary club was founded, and old symbols and coats of arms of the imperial city and the empire were removed. The old criminal law was abolished, gallows and neck weights were eliminated, the guilds were dissolved and the bürgermeister (mayor) became a "maire".
|
|
Mural "Canto a lo Heroico" by Jose Gordillo in the main stairwell. Portion of museum dedicated to the site of the building, displaying pre-Hispanic artifacts found here. The modern museum houses a collection of art from the 18th to 20th centuries, including works by Juan Correa, Diego Garcia, Rufino Tamayo, Federico Cantú, Antonio Ruiz, Adolfo Best Maugard and Raúl Anguiano. The central and permanent exhibit is called the "Pago en Especie y Acervo Patrimonial" (payment in kind and cultural heritage).
|
|
After Henry of Worms' premature death, his seniority rights shifted to his younger brother, Conrad, enabling him to inherit the major part of the patrimonial lands from his father. Conrad married a daughter of Herman II, Duke of Swabia, Matilda most probably in 1002. Two years later, he succeeded his father as Duke of Carinthia—the duchy passed from father to son for the first time on this occasion. His rule in Carinthia is poorly documented and he died in 1011.
|
|
Patrimonial assets or private domain are all those assets owned by the state that do not fall within the category of public domain assets. In this way, leasing rights, securities representing shares and shares in the capital of commercial companies or of bonds issued by them, as well as futures and options contracts whose underlying assets consist of shares or participations in commercial entities, incorporeal property rights, and rights of any nature arising from the ownership of the assets and economic rights.
|
|
Philip demanded that previous treaties affecting Italy would be abrogated and that a new treated would cede Naples, Sicily, and the Tuscan forts to Spain for Charles's benefit. The Spanish negotiator with Fleury, José Patiño, was successful, leading to the signing of the First Family Pact. Charles received the future Italian possessions, Elisabeth Farnese retained her patrimonial rights in Italy. In the event that Spain's restriction of British trade was attacked in response, France pledged to come to its defense.
|
|
The government could do this because the government was Iraq's biggest landowner. The co-operatives which had been established provided a means of social control through their regulation. Corruption also proved to be a problem, and the acquisition of land of people close to the political leadership was repeated on a scale not seen since the time of the monarchy. This patrimonial system also favoured those who already owned land; roughly one-third of agricultural land was owned by the estimated 3 percent of landowners.
|
|
Moral rights are seen as personality rights in French law, attached to the personality of the author and inalienable. They are retained by the author even when the patrimonial rights are sold. The Intellectual Property Code says the maître has the author's rights, and does not distinguish between moral and economic rights. However, only a natural person can be an author, and moral rights cannot be alienated from the author, giving rise to uncertainty over whether the maître could claim any moral rights in the collective work.
|
|
Arguably the most important legal change that affected women's lives was the Law of Single Inheritance instituted by Peter the Great in 1714. The law was supposed to help the tax revenue for Russia by banning the allowance of noble families to divide their land and wealth among multiple children. This law effectively ended the practice of excluding women from inheriting patrimonial estates. The Law of Single Inheritance was clarified in the decree of 1725. It sought to address the question of married daughter’ inheritance rights.
|
|
In 1930 he was suffering from cirrhosis. He then told his children that he would die soon, and that they should inscribe the following verse on his tomb rather than his name: He then announced to his children that he would die on December 17 of that year, 1930. As he had predicted, on exactly December 17, at 6:30 PM, he died while reciting the Ecuadorian National Anthem. He is interred in the Illustrious Personages Mausoleum plot in the Patrimonial Municipal Cemetery of Cuenca.
|
|
The indirect Roman influence is reflected in the most part in the doctrines used by the author, especially as regards patrimonial structures. The main influence on the work of Vélez Sarsfield was the German Romanist Friedrich Karl von Savigny with his work "System of the present Roman law" (System des heutigen römischen Rechts), used especially referring to legal entities, obligations, property and possession, and the adoption of the domicile principle as a determining element of the law, applicable to the people's marital status and capacity.
|
|
Adarnase was the only son of David I, the prince of Iberia with the Byzantine title of curopalates, who was murdered by his cousin Nasra in 881. As Adarnase was still a minor, the Byzantine emperor – pursuant to the policy of division – appointed as curopalates, not Adarnase, but his cousin Gurgen. Nasra’s subsequent attempt to dispossess Adarnase of patrimonial inheritance was defeated with the help of the Armenian king Ashot I in 888. The victory allowed Adarnase to claim a royal status for him.
|
|
Mangas Gaming strategy is to create a strong European- wide network of online sports betting and gaming operations. It owns French based bookmaker Betclic and east-European faced Bet-at-home, and in January 2010, Mangas Gaming announced that it had acquired a majority of the shares of Everest Poker. Mangas Gaming is co-controlled by Financiere Lov, Stephane Courbit's patrimonial holding company, and Societe des Bains de Mer (SBM), a major Monaco land casino and hotel owner. Isabelle Andres is CEO at Mangas Gaming.
|
|
Secondly he married Janet, daughter of Sir Alexander Napier (ancestor of the Lords Napier) by whom he had two daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret. The estates of Tillyallan, and of Boyne, in Banffshire where divided between them thus went out of the family. Sir James was succeeded in the patrimonial estates of Edmonstone and Ednam by his son John. Subsequently the Edmonstones, styled of "that ilk" and "of Edenham" continued to use Edmonstone in Midlothian as their main residence until it was sold in 1624.
|
|
Most are buildings or sites from the pre-Hispanic or Colonial periods and some are battlefields and other locations associated with the independence of the country. In recent years the government has been making efforts to include sites on the list that reflect the country's industrial and immigrant heritage. The Commission has been criticised for not doing enough to preserve the buildings on the list, and only declaring sites as monuments after they have been altered or partly demolished.'Emergencia patrimonial en Argentina' by Arq.
|
|
Indeed, the extensive domains of the Surens, Karens and Varazes, had become part of the original Sassanid state as semi-independent states. Thus, the noble families that attended at the court of the Sassanid empire continued to be ruling lines in their own right, although subordinate to the shahanshah. In general, Wuzurgan from Iranian families held the most powerful positions in the imperial administration, including governorships of border provinces (marzban). Most of these positions were patrimonial, and many were passed down through a single family for generations.
|
|
In Romania, copyright law (drept de autor) is defined by the Law No. 8/1996 on authors rights and related rights, as republished in 2018, which currently implements European copyright law (directives). Copyright is acquired irrespective of formalities, and normally belongs to the natural person/s who created the protected work. A protected work is created if the work is the author's own intellectual creation. Like other EU civil law jurisdictions, Romanian copyright law recognises two types of rights: moral rights and patrimonial rights.
|
|
The Bashkir shejere kept the names of the four biys (noblemen) who traveled to Kazan for negotiations: Tatagach-biy (the tribe of Yurmaty), Buranqul-biy (the tribe of Burzyan), Krakujak-biy (the tribe of Qypchaq), and Qanzafar-biy (the tribe of Meñ). The negotiations between the Bashkir noblemen and the Russian tsar's representatives are also attested in the Russian chronicles and testimonies left by the contemporaries. By accepting the Russian citizenship, the Bashkirs confirmed their patrimonial rights to the land, and ensured protection from the Nogay trespassers.
|
|
Nearly all of the party merged with the bulk of the PSD to form the Brazilian Democratic Movement, the only opposition party permitted for the first decade of the military dictatorship. A new PTB, this time a centre-right party, was established by Ivete Vargas, Getúlio's niece, in 1980, with the end of the artificial two-party system imposed by the military regime. Brizola led the majority of the PTB's former followers into the Democratic Labour Party.Riordan Roett, Brazil: politics in a patrimonial society .
|
|
Monastery of Villamayor. In 1223, García Fernández acquired a monastery dating back to the 11th or early 12th century and dedicated to Saint Vincent of Saragossa, and turned it into a Cistercian convent dedicated to Mary and Saint Vincent which was inaugurated in 1228. He placed it under the dependency of the Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas in Burgos, while allowing it its legal and patrimonial independence. García Fernández endowed it abundantly both at its foundation as well as in his will.
|
|
Fleeing the Islamization of the area, several members of the Avalishvili family moved into inner Georgia early in the 17th century; those who remained in their patrimonial fiefdom, became Muslim and received the title of bek. A branch in Imereti, western Georgia, soon went into decline and their status was downgraded to that of petty nobility. The refugees to the eastern Georgian lands – Kartli and Kakheti – were enfeoffed with several estates and were reconfirmed, in 1826 and 1850, as princes of the Russian Empire.Toumanoff, Cyril (1967).
|
|
The Abashidze and Dadiani power was draining away. In 1704, Giorgi Dadiani abdicated as prince of Mingrelia in favor of his elder son by his ex-wife Mikeladze, Katsia. To his younger son, Bezhan, he gave Lechkhumi and another, Gabriel, was made bishop of Chqondidi. Giorgi himself retired to his patrimonial fiefdom of Salipartiano, but maintained significant influence on his sons until 1709, when Katsia and Bezhan, who never forgave Giorgi for divorcing their mother, sided with King George VII of Imereti against the Abashidze–Lipartiani alliance.
|
|
Abel was supported by the Hanseatic League city of Lübeck, as well as by his brothers Christopher, Lord of Lolland and Falster and Canute, Duke of Blekinge. King Eric retaliated immediately, reconquering the city of Ribe and occupying Abel’s patrimonial city of Svendborg the same year. In 1247, he captured [Arreskov Castle (Arreskov Slot) on Funen, as well as taking Christopher and Canute prisoners. A truce was arranged by Eric's sister Sophie of Denmark (ca 1217-1247) who was the wife of Johann I, Margrave of Brandenburg (c. 1213-1266).
|
|
In ca. 1276, her father granted her two thirds (16 knights' fiefs) of the Barony of Akova. After William II's death in 1278, as he had no sons, per the Treaty of Viterbo, the princely title passed to the King of Sicily, Charles of Anjou, the father-in-law of Margaret's elder sister Isabella. Her mother Anna retained only the Villehardouins' patrimonial domain, the Barony of Kalamata, and the fortress of Chlemoutsi, but was forced to give them up in 1282 in exchange for lands elsewhere in Messenia.
|
|
Shortly after Bagrat IV's ascension to the throne, Constantine VIII sent in an army to take over the key city-fortress of Artanuji on behalf of the Georgian Bagratid prince Demetrius, son of Gurgen of Klarjeti, who had been dispossessed by Bagrat IV's grandfather, Bagrat III, of his patrimonial fief at Artanuji early in the 1010s. Several Georgians nobles defected to the Byzantines, but Bagrat's loyal subjects put up a stubborn fight.Holmes, Catherine (2005), Basil II and the Governance of Empire (976–1025), p. 482. Oxford University Press, .
|
|
The St. Charles Borromeo Cathedral Cathedral of St. Charles Borromeo in Joliette () is the name given to a religious building belonging to the Catholic Church and is located in Joliette, a town in the administrative region of Lanaudière in the southern part of the province of Quebec (Eastern Canada). The headquarters of the diocese of Joliette was built between 1887 and 1892 according to plans by the architects Maurice Perrault and Albert Mesnard. It was declared as a protected building (immeuble patrimonial) by the city of Joliette in 1999.
|
|
The Grand Secretariat, at the beginning a secretarial institution that assisted the emperor with administrative paperwork, was instituted, but without employing grand counselors, or chancellors. The Hongwu Emperor sent his heir apparent to Shaanxi in 1391 to "tour and soothe" (xunfu) the region; in 1421 the Yongle Emperor commissioned 26 officials to travel the empire and uphold similar investigatory and patrimonial duties. By 1430 these xunfu assignments became institutionalized as "grand coordinators". Hence, the Censorate was reinstalled and first staffed with investigating censors, later with censors-in-chief.
|
|
The barony of Lurg is based on the ancient Irish territory of Tuath Luirg, also known as Fir Luirg (the men of Lurg), who are claimed to be genealogically related to the Airgialla. This territory was the patrimonial inheritance of the O'Muldoon (). It is listed in the Annals, under the name Lorg, as being a kingdom in the year 1039. Prior to this, Lurg was the base of the O'Monaghan (), thought to be descended from the original inhabitants of the area, the Fir Manach, from which County Fermanagh gets its name.
|
|
The fifteen current National Parks. The National Parks Autonomous Agency (OAPN) is an agency of the Spanish central government that manages the National Parks Network and the Spanish Biosphere Reserves Network, as well as mountains, farms and other patrimonial assets of its property. The agency was created on June 23, 1995 by the Agriculture Minister Luis María Atienza by merging two other agencies, the Institute for the Conservation of Nature (ICONA) and the National Institute for Agrarian Reform and Development (IRYDA). The OAPN is an agency of the Spanish Ecological Transition Department.
|
|
The Scudo Fiscale amnesty was related to tax evasions made up to December 31, 2008 and took its affect only from September 15 to December 15, 2009. The relevant law was named Imposta straordinaria sul rimpatrio di attivita` finanziarie e patrimoniali detenute fuori del territorio dello Stato ("Extraordinary tax on the repatriation of foreign financial and patrimonial assets "). The taxpayers in question had to hand over the list of all funds and assets out of Italia. The list was called "Dichiarazione riservata" (in English Private declaration) and was similar to an annual tax return.
|
|
Sargis fell back to the rebel king David's headquarters in Atsquri, but he succeeded in beating off Arghun's attack on his patrimonial fortress of Tsikhisjvari in May 1261. Subsequently, David VII and Sargis gave up the struggle and joined David VI, David VII's cousin and co-king in western Georgia. In 1262, Sargis accompanied David VII to the Il-Khan court. He is reported to have pleaded himself guilty of a revolt in order to save his royal suzerain from Hulagu Khan's rage, citing corruption of the Il-Khan tax officials as a pretext.
|
|
A street in Bukiškis The name Bukiškis or Bukiškės is derived from Lithuanian surnames Bukas, Bukauskas, Bukis, Bukys or Bukevičius. The original name of the village – Gedvydžiai, however, bears a possible connection to Gedvydas, a Lithuanian medieval duke, whose patrimonial lands could be situated somewhere in the environs of the present day Bukiškis.„Būtovės slėpiniai: Kernavė ar Vilnius?“ Bukiškis manor belonged to Radvilos family, but after the January Uprising of 1863, the property was confiscated by the Russian administration and transferred to Russian general Alexander Bozherian from Novgorod, who suppressed the aforementioned uprising.
|
|
Early in the war, recruitment focused on those children whose family structures were poor or absent, promising protection and a sense of community. Much effort was given to play to the resentment children had about their situations, or about loss of family they may have endured due to the war. This resentment was exploited by the RUF who promised retaliation for lost family members and an opportunity to be part of something. The coercive effects of adults in recruiting children to violence has parallels to broader patrimonial structures within the armed forces.
|
|
He is thought to have been knighted prior to the battle. The next reference to David fitz Walter is in 1361 when he endowed Glasgow Cathedral with a Chaplainry. In 1368, he received confirmation from the King, David II, of his patrimonial Lands of Cadzow and elsewhere, with the addition of the lands and tenentry of Eddlewood. David fitz Walter took part in the sittings of the Parliament of Scotland in 1371 and 1373, the latter to confirm John Stewart, Earl of Carrick and his successors as heirs to the throne of Scotland.
|
|
He was the only known son of prince Vsevolod Svyatoslavich (who later became grand prince Vsevolod IV the Red of Kiev), by Anastasia, the daughter of grand duke Casimir II of Poland. The patrimonial domain of his father was located in the northwestern part of the Vyatichi lands where he undoubtedly spent his childhood. Saint Nikita Stylites When Mikhail was a child, he suffered from a paralyzing illness. His grandfather, grand prince Svyatoslav III Vsevolodovich of Kiev gave much wealth to churches in unsuccessful attempts to obtain a cure.
|
|
Vsevolod's patrimonial domain was located in the northwestern part of the Vyatichi lands. When Khan Konchak with his Cumans pillaged the Pereyaslavl lands as far as Dimitrov in February 1184, Svyatoslav Vsevolodivich sent his sons (including Vsevolod) and his troops to prince Igor Svyatoslavich of Novgorod-Seversk ordering him to pursue the tribesmen. Igor Svyatoslavich pursued the raiders, found them at the river Khiriya (a tributary of the river Vorskla), and took many captive. Enemy bands frequently pillaged the Poros’e district (the Ros River basin) and the Chernigov lands after 1187.
|
|
In the course of the tumultuous 17th century, the town and the castle stood destroyed as the king of Poland, John III Sobieski, relieved the city from its taxation burden for twenty years. Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki (1680–1744), last descendant of Wiśniowiecki family by father's line, a wealthy Polish nobleman, broached revival of patrimonial estate. He raised not a castle, but a magnificent accomplished palace atop of extinguished cinders completing it in 1720. Nonetheless it did retain a role of combat structure. Garrison was dislocated there until 1760.
|
|
The central library of Tarentaize and the smaller libraries all hold both youth and adult collections, except the library of Solaure, which collections are solely youth-oriented. The library of Tarentaize also manages patrimonial collections, including about 6 000 books published before 1810. Since the 19th century, the library has been collecting and curating as many works about the Forez and its history as possible, including books written by authors born in Forez. For example, the library owns a collection of original sheet music of composer Jules Massenet's works.
|
|
Giorgi is depicted in a fresco on the northern wall of the Khobi Cathedral, his own foundation, with a model of the church in his hands. An accompanying inscription identifies him as mandaturt-ukhutsesi. Giorgi is further mentioned in two agapes from the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem. Giorgi Dadiani held sway over his patrimonial princedom of Odishi, latter-day Mingrelia, in the time when the Kingdom of Georgia, under the heavy-handed hegemony of the Mongol Ilkhans, suffered political division and was embroiled in a series of internecine feuds.
|
|
In the 14th century, Thessaly had been ruled by Serbian and Greek lords and enjoyed great prosperity. It was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in successive waves, in 1386/7, the middle 1390s, and again after 1414/23, and was not completed until 1470. Trikala itself fell probably in 1395/6 (although Evliya Çelebi claims it happened as early as 1390). The newly conquered region, however, was initially the patrimonial domain of the powerful marcher-lord Turahan Bey (died 1456) and of his son Ömer Bey (died 1484) rather than a regular province.
|
|
"Laureano Forero, un paisa que convirtió la excelencia en arquitectura", El Tiempo, 29 Jun 2007Luis Grossman - Curriculum Vitae on Buenos Aires Government website Another part of the former station, separated from the rest by a short bridge over a road tunnel, was turned into an educational/entertainment center for children called La Isla de los Inventos ("Invention Island")."La Isla de los Inventos" , Ente de Turismo Rosario The station is on the list of works and sites of patrimonial value of the municipality of Rosario, as item 010180000.
|
|
Giorgi-Malakia Abashidze (, died October 15, 1722) was a Georgian nobleman and King of Imereti as George VI (or George V) from 1702 to 1707. He was a member of the prominent Abashidze family. The youngest son of Prince Paata Abashidze, he served as a priest until about 1684 when he entered politics after the death of his elder brother Paata Abashidze and began aggressively expanding his patrimonial fiefdom. He dispossessed the Chkheidze family of Shorapani, and the Agiashvili of Tsutskhvati, and took control of the royal domain in Upper Imereti.
|
|
DIA has the tasks of performing investigations of judiciary police related to crimes of mafia-type association and it ensures the progress of preventive investigation activities regarding organized crime. The director of DIA can propose to courts, competent for territory, the imposition of preventive measures both personal (like special surveillance) and patrimonial (seizure of assets) kind. In particular, the DIA, coordinated by Anti-mafia National Prosecutor, and the anti-mafia district directorates use their instruments as well as the Central DNA laboratory of Polizia Penitenziaria for own investigations.
|
|
Duration of copyright protection is defined by chapter V (Object of copyright) of the Law No. 8/1996 on authors rights and related rights. The general rule is that the patrimonial rights of the author last for seventy (70) years after his or her death. If there are no heirs, the exercise of these rights rests with the collective management body mandated during the lifetime by the author or, in the absence of a mandate, by the collective management body with the largest number of members in the field of creation.
|
|
Martin, Medieval Russia, 27. The rota system was modified by the princely summit conference held at Liubech in the Chernigov in 1097. Certain lands were granted as patrimonial lands, that is inherited lands outside the rota system. These lands were not lost by a prince when the Kievan throne became vacant, and they served as core lands that grew up into semi-independent (if not outright independent) principalities in the later centuries of Kievan Rus, leading some historians to argue that Kievan Rus ceased to be a unified state.
|
|
With Adelin dead, the inheritance to the English throne was thrown into doubt. Rules of succession in western Europe at the time were uncertain; in some parts of France, male primogeniture, in which the eldest son would inherit all titles, was becoming more popular.Barlow, p.162. In other parts of Europe, including Normandy and England, the tradition was for lands to be divided up, with the eldest son taking patrimonial lands – usually considered to be the most valuable – and younger sons being given smaller, or more recently acquired, partitions or estates.
|
|
In sum, the concentration of capital ownership is always extreme, so that the very notion of capital is fairly abstract for large segments—if not the majority—of the population. Piketty (2014) finds that wealth-income ratios, today, seem to be returning to very high levels in low economic growth countries, similar to what he calls the "classic patrimonial" wealth-based societies of the 19th century wherein a minority lives off its wealth while the rest of the population works for subsistence living. He surmises that wealth accumulation is high because growth is low.
|
|
Back then societies had no social structure, all families lived under the same conditions, the only one that stood out was the Tlatoani. There were three types of workers: landlords, land workers, and slaves. The landlords work other people's land but were not required to remain in perpetuity in those lands. The land workers dealt with patrimonial lands and lived nearby but they had to give most of the production of these lands away; also they didn’t have land of their own and were obliged to remain permanently in those lands.
|
|
During the 1828-9 Russo-Turkish war, with a small detachment, he organised a successful defence of the Yerevan province against the marauding Kurds and his forces surged into Anatolia, taking control of the whole pashate of Bajazet from the Turkish forces from 25 August to 9 September 1828.Blanch, L (1995), Sabres of Paradise, Carroll & Graf Publishers, , p 54. In 1829, he was dispatched as an administrator of the military board of Kakheti, where his patrimonial estates were located. Back in Georgia, Alexander enjoyed overwhelming popularity among the Georgian nobility and people.
|
|
The Lyubetskiy sinodik and the Ermolinskiy Chronicle identify him as the prince of Chernihiv. In the light of Batu Khan’s directive that only those princes who submitted to him would receive a yarlik (a patent), Roman obviously visited the khan after his father’s execution. The chronicles do not report his visit, but John de Plano Carpini alludes to it. If, as is most likely the case, this reference was to Roman, Batu Khan gave him the yarlik not only for his patrimonial domain of Bryansk, but also for Chernihiv.
|
|
The emperors exhorted families to compile genealogies in order to strengthen local society. Inner Mongols and Khalkha Mongols in the Qing rarely knew their ancestors beyond four generations and Mongol tribal society was not organized among patrilineal clans, contrary to what was commonly thought, but included unrelated people at the base unit of organization. The Qing tried but failed to promote the Chinese Neo-Confucian ideology of organizing society along patrimonial clans among the Mongols. Qing lineages claimed to be based on biological descent but they were often purposefully crafted.
|
|
In 1846 the village gained the right to hold markets. In implication of the Revolution of 1848 came the fall of the patrimonial regime. The land reform of 1850 made Červená Voda part of the political district of Hohenstadt. Did most of the villagers made a living from agriculture till than, the second part of the 19th century was molded by the commencing industrialization, foremost by textile fabrication in 1850. In 1865 Červená Voda was connected to the state's primary road network with the inauguration of the Kaiserstraße (today's state road 11).
|
|
She won awards and recognitions, represented Ecuador as a great literary figure, worked in some public and daily positions such as, El Mercurio, since its foundation, directed the National Historical Archive. She was a journalist, researcher, teacher, published 23 books, countless poems, lyrics for hymns and "pasillos" ( raditional music in Ecuador), plays, her work she donated to the Remigio Crespo Museum before she died in 1976, at age 82. Her desires were to be buried directly in the earth to merge into it. Her grave is located in the Patrimonial Cemetery of Cuenca.
|
|
The village Gohlis belonged to the seigneury (lordship) of the manor Gohlis, by which it was subject to patrimonial law. In 1659 the Leipzig Professor für Medizin Michael Heinrich Horn (†1681) acquired the manor and the seigneury of Gohlis. Since 1793, when the city of Leipzig became the owner of the manor, the underlying seigneury rests with the city, as it was not retained when the manor was sold in 1832. In 1755/1756, the Leipzig Alderman Johann Caspar Richter (1708–1770) built a summer residence in rococo style in Gohlis.
|
|
The first library of the bank, was established in 1932. It was located on the second floor of the Pedro A. López building in the bank headquarters in the Avenida Jiménez. Its collection comprised documents on economic, legal and fiscal issues and issues pertaining the activity of the central bank, with the archives from the currency council of the Banco de la República. The bank acquired several private libraries, objects and documents of historic and patrimonial value to the Colombian nation as well as receiving donated private collections.
|
|
The late imperial trend of increased patriarchalism made it difficult for the Chinese to build strong patrimonial groups that went beyond kin. Though filial piety was practiced much in both countries, the Chinese way was more limited to close kin than in Japan. When industrialization increased, filial piety was therefore criticized more in China than in Japan, because China felt it limited the way the country could meet the challenges from the West. For this reason, China developed a more critical stance towards filial piety and other aspects of Confucianism than other East Asian countries, including not only Japan, but also Taiwan.
|
|
A church sui iuris is "a community of the Christian faithful, which is joined together by a hierarchy according to the norm of law and which is expressly or tacitly recognized as sui iuris by the supreme authority of the Church" (CCEO.27) . The term sui iuris is an innovation of CCEO (Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum Orientalium - Code of Canons of the Oriental Churches) and denotes the relative autonomy of the Oriental Catholic Churches. This canonical term, pregnant with many juridical nuances, indicates the God-given mission of the Oriental Catholic Churches to preserve their patrimonial autonomous nature.
|
|
The state's nature during the Piast dynasty was patrimonial. The ducal court (Latin: curia ducis) was a center of power, which belonged to the reigning family (along with a separate court by the duchess), after them came the secular and Church dignitaries and subjects, next to lower officials, chivalry and courtly princely members and chaplains.T. Lalik: Społeczne gwarancje bytu [in:] J. Dowiat (ed.), Kultura Polski średniowiecznej X-XIII w, p. 145. The most important office at the court of Władysław I Herman and Bolesław was the count palatine (also known as voivode).S. Szczur: Historia Polski – średniowiecze, pp. 149–150.
|
|
With a patrimonial hole in Banesto tentatively estimated at €3.6 billion (equivalent to roughly US$7.2 billion today) on 28 December 1993, Luis Carlos Croissier, the President of the Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores, the financial regulator of the national securities markets, decided to impose a trading halt on Banesto, and Luis Ángel Rojo, the Governor of the Bank of Spain, communicated the intervention of the banking entity, tasking Alfredo Sáenz Abad with chairing the board of directors of Banesto in a temporary basis. Conde, who stayed in preventive detention from December 1994 to January 1995, faced a trail of judicial problems.
|
|
States that faced competitive pressures early had to consolidate through patrimonial structures, since the development of modern bureaucratic techniques had not yet arrived. States faced with competitive pressures later could on the other hand, could take advantage of advancements in training and knowledge to promote a more technical oriented civil service..Whitehead, Richard (2002, October). “In Debate: The Casual Focus of Historical Institutionalism”. Paper presented at Temple University course seminar on Authoritarian Regimes, Philadelphia, PA. An important element to historical institutionalism is that it may cement certain distributions of power or increase asymmetries of power through policy feedbacks, "lock in" effects and stickiness.
|
|
The coastal zones in Guanacaste are recently the highest levels of development and construction in Costa Rica. However, in the same way they present high levels of improvisation and speculation, generating current and future legal problems in public zones and protection areas, besides producing problems of sustainability in the zones, deterioration of natural, patrimonial and cultural resources. Examples of these problems are the existent in Playa Tamarindo, Papagayo, Las Baulas National Marine Park, and many others in Guanacaste. This is consequence of ICT that gives concessions to big International hotels, regardless of the impact in the nature.
|
|
The Dantata family operated their businesses partly through a patrimonial system of credit allocation, trade and business transfers to kin, household and others members of their clientage. At one point in time, both Sanusi and his brother, Aminu controlled about 200 agents involved in buying Kola nut, Livestock, Groundnut and Merchandise. The system involved about five autonomous level of associates, agents, and farmers. Some members of this system engage in buying goods from restricted rural areas and transporting it to the city where another group of agents in the Urban area buys the goods and store them instead of Dantata.
|
|
Demolition of the former Penn Station concourse raised public awareness about preservation Historic preservation (US), heritage preservation or heritage conservation (UK), is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance. It is a philosophical concept that became popular in the twentieth century, which maintains that cities as products of centuries’ development should be obligated to protect their patrimonial legacy. The term refers specifically to the preservation of the built environment, and not to preservation of, for example, primeval forests or wilderness.Maryland Association of Historic District Commissions, Handbook (1997).
|
|
The new village of Bogusovici was however not mentioned in Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis around 1305, but as a fully developed village it was mentioned in 1388, when it was sold by two knights Jaśko and Janusz from Ogrodzona to Bielik from Kornice and his mother, Juta.I. Panic, 2010, p. 299-300 As so it is clear that it was a patrimonial knights' village, and the price of it was similar to other fully developed villages of that time. Since 1425 the village was given by Cieszyn citizen Jan Scholz to the hospital located in Frysztackie suburb of Cieszyn.
|
|
The chancery court also acted as a court of appeal as did, from 1536, the royal court in Celle that was permanently in session. There was no clear division of responsibility; the choice of court was left to the plaintiff. As a final resort there was the option of appealing to the imperial chamber court (Reichskammergericht) in Wetzlar. In the Principality of Lüneburg, in addition to the chancery court and the courts at Amt level there existed numerous aristocratic patrimonial courts (Patrimonialgerichte), whose responsibilities were confined to the jurisdiction of specific groups of people and areas.
|
|
Neopatrimonialism also has its benefits, however. Neopatrimonialism can extend the reach of the state into the geographical and social peripheries of the country, provide short term stability, and facilitate communal integration. Neo-patrimonialism, as defined by author Christopher Clapham of The Nature of the Third World State, is a "...form of organisation in which relationships of a broadly patrimonial type pervade a political and administrative system which is formally constructed on rational-legal lines." It is a system in which an office of power is used for personal uses and gains, as opposed to a strict division of the private and public spheres.
|
|
As with many neighborhoods in Santiago’s center, Barrio Lastarria was built around a church: the Iglesia de la Veracruz. Houses were built between the winding streets, notably the house of Gil de Castro, built in the beginning of the 19th century, which stands next to the plaza. Despite the neighborhood’s early origins, the plaza was only built in 1981 due to interest in preserving a series of facades beginning at the historic house of Gil de Castro.La cultura urbana y los estilos de vida en la revitalizacion de un barrio patrimonial del centro histórico de Santiago.
|
|
When Charles C. Betts purchased Maria Lott's tract of land the same year, this marked the end of two centuries of Dutch patrimonial holdings. Most of the streets were not opened until the 1860s, at which point Bedford–Stuyvesant's streets were named after prominent figures in American history. The Dripps Map of 1869 shows that the area was still largely rural with a few freestanding houses mostly on MacDonough Street. The real development of the district began slowly at first, accelerating between 1885 and 1900, and gradually tapering off during the first two decades of the 20th century.
|
|
Xosé Lluis García Arias, in his book "Pueblos Asturianos: El Porqué de Sus Nombres" ("Asturian People: The Reasons Behind the Names"), explains the etymological significance for Grases and the people of the parroquia: Grases: This is an antroponym, or a toponym derived from the name of a person. It was probably attributed to the village before the formation of the present population . García Arias proposes that the name is derived from the Latin word CRASSUS. El Mayorazo: According to García Arias, this refers to "the old civil institution where a family could perpetually enjoy certain patrimonial goods" (translated from Spanish).
|
|
The ACP's proposal claims that the project will not permanently harm the environment, communities, primary forests, national parks or forest reserves, relevant patrimonial or archaeological sites, agricultural or industrial production areas, or tourist or port areas. It says that any harm can be mitigated using existing procedures and technology. The proposal says that the project will not permanently reduce water or air quality. The proposed water supply program maximizes the water capacity of Gatun and Alhajuela Lakes and is designed to use water efficiently so that no new reservoirs will be required and no communities need to be displaced.
|
|
Adherents of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in the United Kingdom are traditionally organized in accordance with patrimonial ecclesiastical jurisdictions. The Russian Orthodox Church has a Diocese of Sourozh, which covers Great Britain and Ireland, and the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia also has a diocese in the same territory. The Greek Orthodox Church is represented by the Ecumenical Patriarchate, which has established the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain, that covers England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland as well as Malta. The Patriarchate of Antioch has several parishes and missions within the Diocese of the British Isles and Ireland.
|
|
Adherents of Oriental Orthodox Christianity in the United Kingdom are also traditionally organized in accordance with their patrimonial ecclesiastical jurisdictions, each community having its own parishes and priests. The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria has two regional Dioceses in the United Kingdom: the Diocese of Ireland, Scotland, North East England, and the Diocese of the Midlands. Other Oriental Orthodox Churches represented in the United Kingdom include the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The homegrown British Orthodox Church and Celtic Orthodox Church, although both minor, are also represented.
|
|
Her parents named her Kaʻōhelelani, and she was their only child. She was verging into maidenhood when her father died. His people showed their affection for him by making his grave on the highest peak of their country, Kauwiki. Upon news of his death reaching his brother Kamehameha, he immediately assembled a retinue of followers and retainers to accompany his brother Kealiimaikai to bear his request to Kaloiokalani to permit her daughter Kaʻōhelelani to take up her residence at his court, and to have his brother take charge of the vast patrimonial estate until Kaʻōhelelani should reach her majority.
|
|
Indigenous art also flourished under the Fujiwara after centuries of imitating Chinese forms. Vividly colored yamato-e, Japanese style paintings of court life and stories about temples and shrines became common in the mid-to-late Heian period, setting patterns for Japanese art to this day. As culture flourished, so did decentralization. Whereas the first phase of shōen development in the early Heian period had seen the opening of new lands and the granting of the use of lands to aristocrats and religious institutions, the second phase saw the growth of patrimonial "house governments", as in the old clan system.
|
|
Plaque at site of Hayley's home in Felpham, Sussex Plaque at site of Hayley's home in Eartham, Sussex Born at Chichester, he was sent to Eton in 1757, and to Trinity Hall, Cambridge, in 1762; his connection with the Middle Temple, London, where he was admitted in 1766, was merely nominal. In 1767 he left Cambridge and went to live in London. His private means enabled Hayley to live on his patrimonial estate at Eartham, Sussex, and he retired there in 1774. The location of this house in Eartham is now occupied by the Great Ballard School.
|
|
Map of the Holy Roman Empire in the 10th and 11th centuries: Germany (blue), Italy (grey), Burgundy (orange to the West), Bohemia (orange to the East), Papal States (purple). Count Werner who held estates in the Nahegau, Speyergau and Wormsgau early in the 10th century is the Salian monarchs' first certainly identified ancestor. His family links to the Widonids cannot be securely established, but his patrimonial lands and his close relationship with the Hornbach Abbey provide indirect evidence of his Widonid ancestry. He married a kinswoman, most probably a sister, of King Conrad I of Germany.
|
|
Their loyalty to the crown was not permanent. In 1743, King Teimuraz II dispossessed the Sidamoni family of their duchy and his successor Erekle II forced them into retirement to Kakheti where they were granted a smaller estate and confirmed as Princes Sidamonishvili. After the Russian annexation of Georgia in 1801, the Sidamonishvili attempted to restore their erstwhile titles and patrimonial estates in the Aragvi valley, but to no avail. Under the Russian rule, the three Sidamoni lines were received among princely nobility of the empire: two as Princes Eristov-Aragvsky (; 1828) and one as Princes Sidamon-Eristov (Сидамон-Эристов; 1826).
|
|
BND contains digital copies of documents from the 6 categories of publications of BNRM patrimonial funds: manuscripts, old national periodicals, maps, postcards, ex-librises. BND allows BNRM, on one hand, to extend the life of originals by limiting direct access to them, and on the other - to open a new stage in terms of people's access to cultural heritage written and printed, or, digital copies made accessible in Internet, in any place and in any home where there is a computer connected to the Internet. Being part of the European Library, BND can be accessed in any European country on site TEL.
|
|
After serving for decades as an ethnographic museum, in 2009 the Museum was revamped and updated with new works under way. Two years of reforms led to the museum's reopening in 2011 with new modern facilities as museum of Basque society and citizenship. This oldest museum in the Basque Country brings its rich intellectual and patrimonial legacy right into the 21st century, as well as acting as the parental centre for the network of local museums spreading over Gipuzkoa.Open Buildings: San Telmo Museum, Retrieved 13 September 2016] The museum received a Special Mention in the 2013 museum contest organized by the Museum Forum.
|
|
The request for the quashing of the charge was dismissed. After briefly dealing with the accused's second contention, the court turned to the question regarding the constitutional validity of the common-law crime of fraud. The accused argued that the crime, as presently formulated, would punish the individual without sufficient regard to the actual consequences of his or her actions. It was submitted # that actual prejudice, and not merely potential prejudice, should be proved; # that the prejudice ought to have been patrimonial; and # that the prejudice had to have been suffered by the represent, not by third parties.
|
|
Livingston spent his life on the patrimonial estate on the Hudson River near Poughkeepsie, the estate of his grandfather Henry, himself the eldest son of his father, Gilbert, who was the youngest of three sons born to Robert Livingston the Elder, 1st Lord of Livingston Manor and progenitor of the Livingston family in America. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Dutchess Co.) in 1827 as a member of the 50th New York State Legislature. He was a member of the New York State Senate (2nd D.) from 1838 to 1841, sitting in the 61st, 62nd, 63rd and 64th New York State Legislatures.
|
|
A lot of his work concerns a further systematisation of general concepts of patrimonial law, such as representation, authority to dispose, separate patrimonies and funds, trustlike concepts, property of securities and a systematical approach to security rights. He published articles in legal theory and legal history on the evolution of law, especially the development of law through case law and the juridification of society. He also published on questions of comparative law and constitutional law and writes a work on Legal Traditions and Systems of the World. He is an expert appointed by the Flemish Government in the Belgian Commission on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.
|
|
The Ostrogothic Kingdom also maintained palatine counts with titles such as Comes Patrimonium, who was in charge of the patrimonial or private real estate of the king, and others. The system was maintained by the Carolingian sovereigns (reigned 751–987). A Frankish capitulary of 882 and Hincmar, archbishop of Reims, writing about the same time, testify to the extent to which the judicial work of the Frankish Empire had passed into their hands. Instead of remaining near the person of the king, some of the counts palatine were sent to various parts of his empire to act as judges and governors, the districts ruled by them being called palatinates.
|
|
The claims are usually embodied in one action, and no distinction is drawn between the Aquilian action and the action for pain and suffering. For the action to succeed, a claim must be based on physical pain, mental distress, shock, loss of life expectancy, loss of life amenities, inconvenience and discomfort, disability or disfigurement (and the humility and sadness which arise therefrom). The important feature in all of these instances is that the harm must be linked to some bodily injury suffered by the plaintiff. Such loss is non-patrimonial, in that it is intangible and does not impact negatively on the plaintiff's economic or monetary position.
|
|
Damages in respect of non-patrimonial loss do not serve a compensatory function, for such loss does not have an economic or pecuniary value. Instead, the emphasis is on providing satisfaction to the plaintiff, in so far as it is possible for an award of money to do so. The purpose of an award under the actio iniuriarum is to provide solace and assuage wounded feelings. The court exercises its own judgment in the matter and strives to determine awards which will be fair to the plaintiff and the defendant, as well as to the public at large, since such awards also serve to guide future awards.
|
|
Oruro Carnival in Bolivia. The debate about the patrimonial identity of the Diablada concerns its roots as well. Chilean and Peruvian organizations suggest that since this dance is inspired in the Andean civilizations previous to the formation of the current national borders, it should belong equally to the three nations and other Andean states such as Argentina and Ecuador as well. Bolivian cultural organizations and government label this as an "unlawful cultural heritage appropriation" and consider that the declaration of the Carnaval de Oruro as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity gives Bolivia and the city of Oruro support on this claim.
|
|
The former fiefs of the nunnery were now administered by the electoral Amt Lindow, a fiscal unit, collecting the dues and rents previously paid to the nuns and wielding the latter's former patrimonial privileges including the advowson of Banzendorf Village Church. On the occasion of the electoral takeover the serfs were counted. There were - their family members not separately mentioned - one Schultheiss, one innkeeper (Krüger), 15 farmers (Hüfner) holding tenured land measuring at least one Hufe, seven cotters, one smith, one cowherd and one shepherd.N.N., „Historische Daten im Überblick“, in: 636 Jahre „casa Banzendorp“: 1365–2000, Banzendorf: Gemeinde Banzendorf, 2000, pp. 6–16, here p. 8.
|
|
The preservation of the Polish-Lithuanian power arrangement appeared to require the monarch to force a decisive solution during his lifetime. The resistance to a closer and more permanent union was coming from Lithuania's ruling families, increasingly Polonized in cultural terms, but attached to the Lithuanian heritage and their patrimonial rule.Lukowski & Zawadzki (2001), p. 74-82 Legal evolution had lately been taking place in Lithuania nevertheless. In the Privilege of Vilnius of 1563, Sigismund restored full political rights to the Grand Duchy's Orthodox boyars, which had been restricted up to that time by Vytautas and his successors; all members of the nobility were from then officially equal.
|
|
Earl Ralph had previously been married to Margaret de Stafford, and the title of Earl of Westmorland descended through his son by this marriage. However, he favoured his sons by his second marriage, who received the bulk of the family lands on his death. This led to bitter disputes over the inheritance and lasting estrangement between the Nevilles of Raby, descended from Margaret Stafford, and the Nevilles of Middleham, descended from Joan Beaufort.Young, Making of the Neville Family, 143, 145-7 In addition to his patrimonial inheritance, Ralph's eldest son by Joan, Richard Neville, acquired the earldom of Salisbury by marriage to its heiress.
|
|
Dall'Aglio, The Duke's Assassin, pp. 3-12 Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the reasons for the murder, from the personal resentment caused by jealousy or patrimonial reasons, to Lorenzino's desire to make a sensational gesture to immortalize his glory. Lorenzino himself, however, stated in his famous Apology - written only a few days after his crime - that he acted for political reasons; he killed the duke to free Florence from the man that many considered to be a tyrant. The Florentine republican exiles generally have the same explanation; they considered Lorenzino a hero, since in so doing he could have made the reintroduction of the Republic possible.
|
|
Around 1187, Botso, together with Guzan, duke of Tao, repelled an attack from Saltukid Erzurum and Sham into the provinces of Shavsheti and Klarjeti. Around 1191, Botso joined the likes as Vardan Dadiani and Guzan of Tao in a failed coup in favor of Tamar's disgraced husband, George the Rus'. Botso's subsequent fate is not clear; he seems to have been deprived by Tamar of his patrimonial castle of Jaqi as well as of his possession and command of Samtskhe for these dignities then appear as belonging to Ivane-Qvarqvare Jaqeli, Botso's kinsman and, according to Toumanoff, his possible brother. Botso's sons and descendants were known as Botsosdze.
|
|
Neopatrimonialism is sometimes used as a way of explaining why African states have supposedly failed to effect neoliberal market reforms. This focus is controversial, with some complaining that the term is vague, and others that its use has failed to take into account the politics of non-African states. For example, in 1998 Thandika Mkandawire said, > Another problem is that "neo-patrimonial" states in and outside Africa have > pursued a wide range of policies including some that are squarely > developmental. In other words, other than indicating the style of > governance, neo-patrimonialism does not tell us much about what policies a > state will pursue and with what success.
|
|
The collar is made of white and yellow gold. Kyiv artists have painted its seven medallions. They represent miniatures of Vladimir the Great’s Trident, the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia and that of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, “The Cossack with a Musket” sign, Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky’s patrimonial Syrokomla coat of arms and the Ukrainian People's Republic’s coat of arms as the first attempt to establish independent Ukraine in the 20th century. The painted medallions alternate with jewelry ones: above laurel wreathes of white gold there are guelder rose leaves of yellow gold gemmed with 96 garnets each one and a half millimeters.
|
|
From the 1270s Hawise began to take more a prominent role in the management of the family estates, in part perhaps because she was much younger than her aging, though still active, husband Gruffudd. Around 1270 she took personal control of her brother Hamon's manor of Church Stretton, Shropshire, while he went on crusade, and ultimately assumed full responsibility for the manor in her own right when Hamon died on crusade.Cavell, 'Welsh princes, English wives', p. 239 She was a figure of family authority, seemingly central to the arrangements made both for her children's marriages and for the future of her husband's patrimonial lands.
|
|
Gemmingen's father died on 3 February 1790 and he moved with his family into the patrimonial estate at Hoffenheim, between Heidelberg and Heilbronn. Six weeks later, on 26 March 1790, he issued an "Ordinance" which reads like a cross between the constitution for a small state and a set of instructions to his tenants. The details in this prescriptive document are characterised by practical attention to detail worthy of a German product of the enlightnement. Sources are silent over the implementation phase of the Hoffenheim Ordinance, but by the end of 1790 Gemmingen had sold the Hoffenheim estate to his younger brother, Sigmund, for 40,000 Gulden.
|
|
On March 15, 1226, the Pope Legate of Rome William of Modena granted the city of Riga its administrative area or mark (). Until 1606, the site was called the Riga Landfall, but after being included in Swedish Livonia, it was renamed Riga Patrimonial District and was added to Riga County. Following the administrative reform of 1783, the southern part of Cesis County was added to the Riga District, but the northern part was added to the newly created Valmieras and Valka County. At that time the Riga district without the city of Riga consisted of 25 parishes: Skulte (), Allaži ( Allasch ), Aizkraukle ( Ascheraden ), Krimulda - Peter's ( Kremon-St.
|
|
St. Vartan Armenian Cathedral in New York City Oriental Orthodoxy in North America represents adherents, religious communities, institutions and organizations of Oriental Orthodox Christianity in North America, including the United States, Canada, Mexico and other North American states. Oriental Orthodox Christians in North America are traditionally organized in accordance with their patrimonial ecclesiastical jurisdictions, with each community having its own structure of dioceses and parishes. Most Oriental Orthodox Christians in North America belong to Armenian, Coptic, Ethiopian, Eritrean, Indian, Syriac and some other communities, representing religious majority or minority within a particular community. Oriental Orthodox jurisdictions are organized within the Standing Conference of Oriental Orthodox Churches.
|
|
Guaram, the mampali, () (died 882) was a Georgian Bagratid prince and the youngest son of Ashot I, the founder of the Bagratid dynasty of Iberia/Kartli. Guaram shared the control over the patrimonial holdings of Tao-Klarjeti with his two brothers — Bagrat I the Curopalate and Adarnase — his portion being the territory east of the Arsiani Range except for Kola (now in Turkey). According to the Georgian Chronicles, Guaram was married to a sister of the Armenian ruler Ashot V. Guaram pursued an aggressive policy of expansion. He seized the Bagratids' traditional foe, the Arab emir of Tbilisi, named Gabulots, and sent him in chains to Byzantium.
|
|
After this Schönkirchen was allodial title property of the counts of Kiel and the villagers had to pay their duties to the Kiel castle. Later on the village became a leasehold estate leased out to a succession of noble lessees. In 1356 Schönkirchen was sold to the Kiel Heiligengeist monastery (monastery of the Holy Spirit) and remained in its possession for the next 200 years. The administration including the patrimonial jurisdiction of the monastery's villages was held by the city council of Kiel, which was obliged to use the income for the almshouses and infirmaries associated with the monastery and for other godly purposes.
|
|
The primary sources imply the marzbān was a provincional function practiced for a single or multiple provinces, but there is no evidence for a "quarter of the empire", as al- Masudi entitled Šahrwarāz (629 AD). The rank of marzbān, like most imperial administration, was mostly patrimonial, and was passed down through a single family for generations. The marzbāns of greatest seniority were permitted a silver throne, while marzbāns of the most strategic border provinces, such as the province of Armenia, were allowed a golden throne. In military campaigns the regional marzbāns could be regarded as field marshals, while lesser spāhbeds could command a field army.
|
|
For Nóvoa (who considered both emplacements in good condition), the sites were of an important patrimonial nature and its use should have been negotiated between the State, regional government and municipal authority (to provide an adequate use). He argued that the emplacement should be transformed into a military museum, a suggestion that was manifested by the old Minister of Defense Júlio Castro Caldas (who served under António Guterres), when he visited Faial in 2000. The municipal council was also interested in acquiring the space, but thought that the initial base of 110,000 Euros was excessive. With no project in development, the lands became abandoned and installations fell into ruin.
|
|
According to one version, after Ivan's victory over Kazan, the Russian government appealed to the peoples of the khanate, including the western Bashkirs who had been subjects of the Kazan Khanate, to become subjects of the Russian tsar. The neighboring Nogai Horde at that time was stricken with internecine dissention, unrest and famine. Most its population had migrated to the southern steppes and abandoned their camps; however, the danger of Nogai raids remained. The western Bashkirs became subjects of the Russian empire, and received credentials from the tsar confirming their patrimonial rights to their traditional lands as well as to the abandoned Nogai camps.
|
|
Water Mills Route The Water Mills predominate in Albergaria-a-Velha - a municipality with the largest number of inventoried water mills in Europe - constituting one of the most important elements of the rural landscape throughout the entire municipality. These are elements with high patrimonial value that delight the eyes of their citizens and all the visitors that dare to explore them. Albergaria-a-Velha is a land of traditions made of water, bread and mills. The Water Mills Route is currently made up of 11 clusters in a total of 14 mills with 19 couples of millstones, distributed in different parishes of the county.
|
|
Sofia has been named one of the top ten best places for start-up businesses in the world, especially in information technologies. Sofia was Europe's most affordable capital to visit in 2013. In 1979, the Boyana Church in Sofia was included onto the World Heritage List, and it was deconstructed in the Second Bulgarian Empire, holding much patrimonial symbolism to the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. With its cultural significance in Southeast Europe, Sofia is home to the National Opera and Ballet of Bulgaria, the National Palace of Culture, the Vasil Levski National Stadium, the Ivan Vazov National Theatre, the National Archaeological Museum, and the Serdica Amphitheatre.
|
|
Expansion of the Russian state, 1500–1626 Ivan III considered himself an heir to the fallen Byzantine Empire and defender of the Orthodox Church. He proclaimed himself sovereign of all Rus' and claimed patrimonial rights to the former lands of Kievan Rus'. Such ambitions led to the steady growth of Muscovite territory and power. The supremacy of the Golden Horde, known as the "Mongol Yoke," ended in 1480 with the defeat of Akhmat Khan in the Great stand on the Ugra river. Moscow extended its influence to the Principality of Ryazan in 1456, annexed the Novgorod Republic in 1477, and annexed the Principality of Tver in 1483.
|
|
From 1834 to 1835, he was an official of the so-called patrimonial court in Frankenburg and Engelszell. Until the mid-19th century, these courts handled the business of aristocratic landlords independently of the state judicial system. From 1835 to 1849, Achleitner was counsel in Ried, from 1850 to 1854 the regional court assessor in Linz, and from 1854 to 1856 district director in Frankenmarkt. In the period of 1856 to 1863, Achleitner was chief counsel and district judge in Wels, became a justice for the Crownland of Austria above the Enns (Upper Austria) in 1863, and finally in 1875 was appointed chief justice, from which he retired a year later.
|
|
13th-century depiction of Henry In 1087, William was fatally injured during a campaign in the Vexin. Henry joined his dying father near Rouen in September, where the King partitioned his possessions among his sons. The rules of succession in western Europe at the time were uncertain; in some parts of France, primogeniture, in which the eldest son would inherit a title, was growing in popularity. In other parts of Europe, including Normandy and England, the tradition was for lands to be divided up, with the eldest son taking patrimonial lands – usually considered to be the most valuable – and younger sons given smaller, or more recently acquired, partitions or estates.
|
|
Almost everywhere the rule was to be shared with one or more competing bearers of authority, e.g. aristocrats, outside ecclesiastical dignitaries, autonomous corporations of free peasants () or chartered towns and the like. Therefore, the archiepiscopal authority used to refer to each sub-entity by different terms like county, parish, shire, bailiwick or patrimonial district, each according to the particular power, which the archiepiscopal authority had achieved in them. The Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen's former territory consists about of today's following Lower Saxon counties (, or ) of Cuxhaven (southerly), Osterholz, Rotenburg upon Wümme and Stade as well as of the Bremian exclave of the city of Bremerhaven and from 1145 to 1526 today's Schleswig-Holsteinian county of Ditmarsh.
|
|
In his turn, the king benefited by having a new vassal, whose patrimonial estate, the village of Vakhani with its fortress, controlled one of the routes used by the Akhaltsikhe-based Turk and Lesgian marauders for their raids into western Kartli. Vakhushti Abashidze remained in Kartli even after his royal father-in-law left the upheaval in the kingdom to the Russian Empire in 1724. His relations with the Imeretian kings were strained; in 1735, the troops sent by King Alexander V of Imereti attacked Abashidze at Tedzeri and made him prisoner. Through his wife's efforts, the pasha of Akhaltsikhe intervened militarily and put Alexander to flight, but it was only in 1740 that Vakhushti Abashidze was released.
|
|
It is not only statutory criminal provisions that may, on the ground of vagueness, be declared null and void in terms of the Constitution, but also provisions of the common law that are vague and uncertain. In S v Friedman1996 (1) SACR 181 (W). it was argued on behalf of the accused that the rule in regard to the crime of fraud (that the prejudice need be neither actual nor of a patrimonial nature) was unconstitutional on the ground of vagueness. Although the court rejected the argument, it is noteworthy that nowhere in its judgment did it call into question the principle that rules of common law may be declared null and void on the ground of vagueness.
|
|
At the same time (23 April) the civil parish council debated the possibility of classifying the bridge a municipal patrimony, along with a mill and lagar, which was ultimately rejected. Between May and July, the civil parish requested that the municipality should examine the bridge and ascertain it patrimonial importance. On 16 July, the executive communicated to the council their attempts to classify the bridge, even as the first expropriations were undertaken. On 31 August, the municipal council proposed the classification of the bridge, which was later supported by the 24 January 1995 decision by the Regional Directorate of Castelo Branco to open a process to classify the bridge on 24 February.
|
|
Diesel Locomotive Jung, J 4, Patrimonial Train of Cajón del Maipo, Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile Tinoco Tunnel Interior of a wooden carriage at Melocoton Station Old bridge Puente Alto-El Volcán Railway is a small military railway between Puente Alto and El Volcán in Chile. The railway had a narrow gauge of 600 mm (1 ft in), and was constructed in 1906 under Chile's Ministry of Railways. As each section was completed, it was inaugurated: on March 1, 1910 (from Puento Alto to El Canelo); in 1911 (from El Canelo to El Melocotón); and on June 9, 1914 (from El Melocotón to El Volcan). The railway was built at a cost of $2,335,630 and remained operational until 1985.
|
|
After the Duchy of Mecklenburg- Schwerin emancipated its Jewish subjects in 1813, Jacobson bought in that duchy two feudal manor estates, Klenz and Gehmkendorf and the peasant village Klein Markow (all three are components of today's Jördenstorf). In 1816 he swore his oath of fealty to Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg- Schwerin, thus becoming the first Jew with a permanent seat and vote in the Estates of the Realm of a German state. As feudal lord he also held the patrimonial jurisdiction over his vassal peasants and the patronage of the pertaining Lutheran churches, which he conveyed to a Lutheran confidant. In 1817 he further acquired the neighbouring estates of Grambow and Tressow.
|
|
Maine de Biran was born at Bergerac; died at Paris, 16 July, 1824. The name Maine he assumed (some time before 1787) from an estate called Le Maine, near Mouleydier. After studying with distinction at Périgueux, he entered the life guards of King Louis XVI of France, and was present at Versailles during the events of October 1789. He entered politics and was part of the Conseil des Cinq Cents in April, 1797; however, as he incurred the hostility of the Directory by his royalist sympathies he withdrew to his patrimonial inheritance of Grateloup, near Bergerac, where he avoided the excesses of the French Revolution and where he devoted himself to philosophy.
|
|
Over the course of the seventeenth century, the nature of the Ottoman Empire's government had transformed from a patrimonial system into one which was supported more by bureaucracy than by the personal authority of the sultan. The last effort of a militarily active sultan to personally control the entire government of the empire was undone in the 1703 rebellion known as the Edirne incident, in which Mustafa II was deposed. Major governmental offices were no longer located within the imperial palace, and exercised greater independent authority. By the 1790s the central bureaucracy had grown to number some 1,500-2,000 scribes, representing a significant increase over the 183 who were serving in 1593.
|
|
The mir itself, with its customs, is of immemorial antiquity, but it was not until the 1861 emancipation of the serfs that the village community was withdrawn from the patrimonial jurisdiction of the landowning nobility and endowed with self-government. The assembly of the mir consists of all the peasant householders of the village.None but peasants—not even the noble- landowner—has a voice in the assembly of the mir. These elect a Village Elder (starosta) and a collector of taxes who was responsible, at least until the ukaz of October 1906 which abolished communal responsibility for the payment of taxes, for the repartition among individuals of the taxes imposed on the commune.
|
|
The Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire () concerns the history of the Ottoman Empire from the Conquest of Constantinople in 1453 until the second half of the sixteenth century, roughly the end of the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566). During this period a system of patrimonial rule based on the absolute authority of the sultan reached its apex, and the empire developed the institutional foundations which it would maintain, in modified form, for several centuries. The territory of the Ottoman Empire greatly expanded, and led to what some historians have called the Pax Ottomana. The process of centralization undergone by the empire prior to 1453 was brought to completion in the reign of Mehmed II.
|
|
Legend has it, that after Keawe's death, while both brothers were living in their respective territories a quarrel arose between them over the claim to the Big Island throne, and that Kaiimamao was killed, or caused to be killed, by Keʻeaumoku Nui. One version of legend states that he was deposed ("Wailani") by the landholders ("Makaainana") of Kaū, who were a notoriously and proverbially turbulent people, frequently deposing, and even slaying, their chiefs, when, either from popular caprice of personal tyranny, they had become unpopular. Kalaniʻōpuʻu, the son of Kalaninuiamamao assumed the lordship of his father's land as his patrimonial estate. Kalaniʻōpuʻu later passed it as such from him to his son Kīwalaʻō.
|
|
The Culture House (1951) At the Battle of Nations in 1813, the Prussian general Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher established his command post in the Breitenfeld mill, from which he coordinated the attacks on Napoleon's French troops positioned in Möckern and Gohlis. In 1856, the patrimonial authority was relinquished and Breitenfeld acquired local autonomy within the duchy of Saxony, as a community with its own village council. In 1923, the village formed part of the conjoined community of Lindenthal, and in 1999, joined with the city of Leipzig. Since 2002, Breitenfeld has been the main home of the Leipzig animal rescue, and the city's fairgrounds and exhibition hall is located at the village.
|
|
Kudurru recording the legal wrangles over the land of Takil-ana-ilišu, who died intestate, in the British Museum. The estate of Takil-ana-ilīšu kudurru is an ancient Mesopotamian white limestone narû, or entitlement stela, dating from the latter part of the Kassite era which gives a history of the litigation concerning a contested inheritance over three generations or more than forty years. It describes a patrimonial redemption, or "lineage claim," and provides a great deal of information concerning inheritance during the late Bronze Age. It is identified by its colophon, asumittu annītu garbarê šalati kanīk dīnim, “this stela is a copy of three sealed documents with (royal) edicts”asumittu, CAD A/2, p 348b.
|
|
After the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin emancipated its Jewish subjects in 1813 Israel Jacobson bought two feudal manor estates, Klenz and Gehmkendorf and the peasant village Klein Markow (all three are components of today's Jördenstorf). In 1816 he swore his oath of fealty to Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, thus becoming the first Jew with permanent seat and vote in the Estates of the Realm of a German state. As liege lord he also held the patrimonial jurisdiction over his vassal peasants and the patronage of the pertaining Lutheran church, which he conveyed to a Lutheran confidant. In 1817 he further acquired the neighbouring estates of Grambow and Tressow.
|
|
Sumbat and Gurgen ruled over a portion of the hereditary Bagratid territory which remained outside the control of their distant cousin Bagrat III who had become a king of a unified Georgia in 1008. In 1011, the brothers were invited by Bagrat to negotiations at the castle of Panaskerti, but were arrested and held captive in the castle of Tmogvi, where they were soon put to death. Their possessions passed to Bagrat and his progeny. Their children – Bagrat, son of Sumbat, and Demetre, son of Gurgen – fled to Constantinople from where they would try to retrieve patrimonial lands with the Byzantine aid, for the last time in 1032, but to no avail.
|
|
Since 2000 approximately, there is a project for the modernization work of the center. This action of the Regional Government of Andalusia would provide the center with a new gymnasium and would provide its facilities respecting its patrimonial protection. The territorial delegate of Education, Vicente Zarza, explained that this reform has a budget of almost 8 million euros, with the aim of drafting the project "to endow the center with facilities suitable to its typology." This intervention also includes the creation of a toilet specially adapted to students with educational needs with shower and stretcher area, as well as the reconversion of the current function room for use as a multifunctional room that also allows hosting conferences and projections.
|
|
In Pipes' opinion, Muscovy differed from every other State in Europe in that it had no concept of private property, and that everything was regarded as the property of the Grand Duke/Tsar. In Pipes' view, this separate path undertaken by Russia (possibly under Mongol influence) ensured that Russia would be an autocratic state with values fundamentally dissimilar from those of Western civilization. Pipes argued that this "patrimonialism" of Imperial Russia started to break down when Russian leaders attempted to modernize in the 19th century, without seeking to change the basic "patrimonial" structure of Russian society. In Pipes's opinion, this separate course undertaken by Russia over the centuries made Russia uniquely open to revolution in 1917.
|
|
In 813, the last Iberian prince Ashot I of the Bagrationi dynasty established himself in his patrimonial Duchy of Klarjeti, where he restored the castle of Artanuji, said to have been built by the king Vakhtang I of Iberia in the 5th century, and received the Byzantine protection. Being recognized as the presiding prince and curopalates of Iberia, Ashot fought the Arabs from there, gradually incorporating the surrounding lands from the Arab dominance. Ashot I encouraged resettlement of Georgians in these lands, and patronized monastic life initiated by the prominent Georgian ecclesiastic figure Gregory of Khandzta ( 759–861). For a long time the region became a cultural safe-house and one of the most important religious centers of Georgia.
|
|
Bagrat IV's charter, 1060–1065 Shortly after Bagrat's ascension to the throne, Constantine VIII sent in an army to take over the key city-fortress of Artanuji (modern Ardanuç, Turkey) on behalf of the Georgian Bagratid prince Demetre, son of Gurgen of Klarjeti, who had been dispossessed by Bagrat IV's grandfather, Bagrat III, of his patrimonial fief at Artanuji early in the 1010s. Several Georgians nobles defected to the Byzantines, but Bagrat's loyal subjects put up a stubborn fight.Holmes, Catherine (2005), Basil II and the Governance of Empire (976–1025), p. 482. Oxford University Press, . Constantine's death in 1028 rendered the Byzantine invasion abortive, and, in 1030, Queen Mariam paid a visit to the new emperor Romanos III ().
|
|
Madmoizelle's Lucie Kosmala said that accepting the album is "accepting to let oneself be enveloped by a melancholy folk and delightful for the time of thirteen titles", and also praised the lyrics: "Her poetic lyrics interweave metaphors into profound and even spiritual songs". She also referred to the influence of chanson française in her music saying that "other titles finally come to flirt with the chanson française that one could describe as more patrimonial, but at the same time they're being completely modernized, like "Ceux qui rêvent"". Le Devoir's Sylvain Cormier praised Pomme's voice: "[...] and that voice with a deliciously porous tone, this voice with an astonishing register that goes from the ultra-acute to the subtle melodies".
|
|
When contacted, the Instituto de Gestão do Património Arquitectónico e Arqueológico (IGESPAR), the patrimonial agency responsible for the site, claimed that they were unaware of the situation: the construction company had ignored the presence of Sete Fontes. During the construction, representatives of the construction company expelled at least one of the archaeologists, that by law were required to accompany the progress of the construction. This followed the drainage of loose soil downstream by rainwater, into the area of the Sete Fontes, that impaired the structural integrity of at least one of the underground galleries, altered the landscape and created ditches, affecting the Mina dos Orfãos. During the building process, Roman ruins were discovered within the area.
|
|
A later, statesman-like, portrait of Mouzinho da Silveira Feeling the need to go into exile with the ascendancy of King Miguel, in March 1828, he requested a years sabbatical to travel, and left Lisbon on 3 April 1828, arriving in Paris on 15 April. He remained in Paris until 1832, developing studies on taxation, while maintaining an intense letter-writing exchange with friends and family in Portugal. During this period, his patrimonial situation deteriorated significantly, reflecting his absence from Portugal and economic crisis of the country at the time. With his wife and child in Paris, Mouzinho attempted to reinforce his son’s education, that included languages (including German), chemistry and other sciences, which were not available in Portugal.
|
|
Among the first economic activities of the Toltec culture is agriculture, through the cultivation of chili, corn and beans as well as maguey, the raw material for the alcoholic beverage called ‘pulque’, and cotton. Later on, they specialized in other fields such as handicrafts made of cotton, as well as practices of trade and tribute. They started to create ‘monopolies’ that held back the trade with other civilizations and regions under their authority in order to ensure their own economic and patrimonial wealth. The tribute system was something very characteristic of this culture, it consisted of the request and payment of scarce or new product to the tribes or regions that were conquered.
|
|
When land is given to military or officials for the performance of their duties, their independence increases and the power of the ruler weakens (consider the Mameluks and their rebellions, or the difference between Chinese Confucian literati who were never able to overthrow the power of the emperor and European knights who evolved into powerful aristocracy in many cases vastly limiting the power of the kings (especially in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth)). Patrimonial dominance has often prevailed in the Orient, where land remained in the control of the ruler. However, in the Occident the ruler lost control of the lands given to the nobility, which according to Weber was a major reason for patrimonialism being replaced by feudalism.
|
|
The mutiny of the army in Germany that resulted in the murder Alexander Severus and his dominating mother, Julia Avita Mamaea, and their replacement by Maximinus Thrax might have been expected to set back the career of a man who had been so closely associated with the Severan Dynasty and with Mamaea herself. However, not only did Timesitheus survive, but his career continued to prosper. Under the new regime he became Procurator provinciae Bithyniae Ponti Paphlagoniae tam patrimoni quam rationis privatae ibi vice procuratoris XXXX, item vice proco(n)sulis - i.e. fiscal administrator of the Asiatic Black Sea provinces of Bithynia, Pontus, and Paphlagonia with particular responsibility for managing the Imperial domains, both patrimonial and private.
|
|
It was an outcome of ancient canons which forbade clerics to dispose by will of goods accruing from their ecclesiastical office. These canons were gradually relaxed because of the difficulty of distinguishing between ecclesiastical and patrimonial property. Abuses then arose: Churches were despoiled at the death of their incumbents; Bishops and archdeacons seized for the cathedral the spoil of abbeys and other benefices, on the pretence that all other churches were but offshoots of the cathedral. After the fall of the Western Empire, anyone present at the death of a cleric felt at liberty to carry off whatever property of the deceased, ecclesiastical or otherwise, he could seize (rapite capite, seize and take).
|
|
The book argues that there was a trend towards higher inequality which was reversed between 1930 and 1975 due to unique circumstances: the two world wars, the Great Depression and a debt-fueled recession destroyed much wealth, particularly that owned by the elite. These events prompted governments to undertake steps towards redistributing income, especially in the post-World War II period. The fast, worldwide economic growth of that time began to reduce the importance of inherited wealth in the global economy. The book argues that the world today is returning towards "patrimonial capitalism", in which much of the economy is dominated by inherited wealth: the power of this economic class is increasing, threatening to create an oligarchy.
|
|
It is suggested that Laudomia Gozzadini commissioned this portrait as a statement of her legitimacy and patrimonial rights. Correspondence shows that Annibale, the executor of Ulisse's will, owed Laudomia money; over this conflict she took him to court. Painting the sisters in their decadent wedding jewelry, purchased by their father, is interpreted as a reminder that the money they brought with them into their marriages is ultimately of their own inheritance, and not to be withheld from them by their husbands. Compositional support for this theory includes the rendering of the sisters in front of their husbands, taking up much more space, light falling directly onto their faces, while their husbands fade into the dark background.
|
|
Brandwood joined the Quakers in 1761, and a meeting was shortly afterwards settled at Edgworth, where he lived for many years. His religious views deprived him of his fair share in the patrimonial inheritance, and he received only an annuity of £25. As a recognised minister of the Society of Friends he visited various parts of England, and in 1787 went to Wales in company with James Birch. In the 'testimony' respecting him we are told: "About the sixtieth year of his age, this, our dear friend, through a combination of circumstances, appeared to be in some degree under a cloud; he became less diligent in attending meetings, and in 1813 was discontinued as an acknowledged minister".
|
|
The International Year of the Monument is a commemorative date created by UNESCO in 1964. The implementation of the date was to give a better global coverage in the perception of the monument as a building or historical site of exemplary character, for its significance in the life trajectory of a society / community and its There are monuments built especially to celebrate or reminisce about an episode, moment or character of our history, created by architects, sculptors, artists, etc. Others are remnants of the past that survived the time and are consecrated By society as collective symbols, and as references of the memory of a people.HORTA, M. L. P.; GRUNBERG, E.; MONTEIRO, A. Q. Guia Básico de Educação Patrimonial.
|
|
The site has not been reused for burials. Folksinger Víctor Jara, a prominent casualty of Pinochet's 1973 coup d'état, lies in a crypt across from Patio 29. The Memorial for the Disappeared at the cemetery's Metro entrance and Víctor Jara's tomb near Patio 29 together form a ten-minute "popular route" walk through the cemetery for tourists, as opposed to the "patrimonial route" past the graves of Chilean political leaders. A sign at the Patio 29 memorial describes the site as "an emblematic place of the human rights violations that took place between 1973 and 1990 as it was used to cover up the bodies and identities of the detained disappeared and politically executed during the military regime".
|
|
78; Duffy (1992) p. 130. and the eleventh- to fourteenth-century Annals of Inisfallen specify that Mac Murchada was only expulsed from Ireland after the Leinstermen and Dubliners had turned against him.Ní Mhaonaigh (2018) p. 154; Annals of Inisfallen (2010) § 1166.7; Annals of Inisfallen (2008) § 1166.7; Duffy (1998) p. 78; Duffy (1992) p. 130. Although Ua Conchobair appears to have allowed Mac Murchada to retain his patrimonial lordship of Uí Chennselaig, the Annals of the Four Masters reveals that the Leinstermen and Dubliners assisted Tigernán Ua Ruairc, King of Bréifne in forcing Mac Murchada from this final vestige of authority and into exile.French (2015a) p. 22; Annals of the Four Masters (2013a) § 1166.16; Annals of the Four Masters (2013b) § 1166.16; O'Byrne (2005) p.
|
|
Nuakhai is a cohesive and unified force between people of the Western Odisha living in Delhi, as they unite and celebrate together the occasion of Nuakhai. People from the Odisha now living in Bangalore, Bhopal, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, Surat and Visakhapatnam have been celebrating Nuakhai in their new cities for the past few decades. The modern Nuakhai festival, now being observed on the fifth day of the second fortnight of Bhadrava, was unquestionably given a new look of homogeneity and uniformity by various social organizations of Western Odisha, including the Odisha Government in 1991. It has lost some of its enormity and variety with the passage of time, but Nuakhai is still an occasion which endorses the patrimonial nature of the Sambalpuri culture and society.
|
|
In the period after the abduction (and eventual murder) of president Samuel Doe, from 9 September 1990 until 22 November 1990, principal mutineer Prince Johnson and co-conspirator Charles Taylor both made claims on the presidency. In late August an emergency conference was held in The Gambia by a delegation of 35 Liberians representing seven political parties and eleven interest groups. They voted Sawyer as interim president and Bishop Roland Diggs as vice-president, to establish a government. In 1992, Sawyer wrote The Emergence of Autocracy in Liberia: Tragedy and Challenge, in this book, he depicts how dictatorial control rose up out of a custom of patrimonial power, with the privileges of administration tirelessly brought together and amassed in the possession of progressive presidents.
|
|
There have been plans over the years to improve the crime- ridden area and restore the community, but there has not been much success and many of its residents and businesses have moved to other parts of the city. In 2015, Valparaíso Ciudad Creativa, innovadora y Sustentable (English: Valparaíso City Creative, Innovative and Sustainable) was implemented in 2016 as part of the Programa de Apoyo al Entorno Emprendedor de Corfo (English: Support Program for Entrepreneurial Environment of Corfo) to restore the historic patrimonial neighborhoods and encourage tourism. Residents of the Barrio Bustamante and Plaza Bustamante held a street festival with food and entertainment, following a week in which the facades of business and historic buildings were painted as part of the Barrio Puerto's renovations.
|
|
Adherents of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Canada belong to several ecclesiastical jurisdictions. Historically, Eastern Orthodoxy was introduced to Canada during the course of 19th century, mainly through emigration of Christians from Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Honouring such diverse heritage, Eastern Orthodoxy in Canada is traditionally organized in accordance with patrimonial jurisdictions of autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches, each of them having its own hierarchy with dioceses and parishes. According to 2011 census data, there were 550,690 Orthodox Christians. The Greek Orthodox community constitutes the largest Eastern Orthodox community in Canada, with 220,255 adherents, followed by other communities: Russian Orthodox (25,245), Ukrainian Orthodox (23,845), Serbian Orthodox (22,780), Romanian Orthodox (7,090), Macedonian Orthodox (4,945), Bulgarian Orthodox (1,765), Antiochian Orthodox (1,220) and several other minor communities within Eastern Orthodoxy.
|
|
It is also estimated that only 10% of the cases are registered to the police. Although Brazil acknowledged that domestic violence was a problem in the 1940s, the Government has only acted upon it from 1980s onwards, with the creation of the Women Police Stations (Delegacia da Mulher) and later in 2006, with the publication of the Domestic Violence law. Domestic violence is legally defined in Article 5 of the Domestic Violence Law of 2006 as "any action or omission of action motivated by gender that results in death, lesion, physical, sexual or psychological suffering, moral or patrimonial hazard". Although the legal definition is explained extensively in the law, the identification of domestic violence is a responsibility of the victims or closer relatives.
|
|
Adherents of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Canada belong to several ecclesiastical jurisdictions. Historically, Eastern Orthodoxy was introduced to Canada during the course of 19th century, mainly through emigration of Christians from Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Honoring such diverse heritage, Eastern Orthodoxy in Canada is traditionally organized in accordance with patrimonial jurisdictions of autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches, each of them having its own hierarchy with dioceses and parishes. According to 2011 census data, Greek Orthodox community constitutes the largest Eastern Orthodox community in Canada, with 220,255 adherents. It is followed by other communities: Russian Orthodox (25,245), Ukrainian Orthodox (23,845), Serbian Orthodox (22,780), Romanian Orthodox (7,090), Macedonian Orthodox (4,945), Bulgarian Orthodox (1,765), Antiochian Orthodox (1,220) and several other minor communities within Eastern Orthodoxy.
|
|
The inner wall of the Casa da Câmara and inscription of the ...Undefeated City of Porto Detail of the inscription The house is located in an isolated location, with the historic centre and any area of elevated patrimonial value, along the wall of the Sé Cathedral of Porto. The vestiges of the old municipal building, with access to the Rua de São Sebastião, over the Romanesque wall, in a location that was once occupied by the Santo Mártir Gate (Saint Martyred Gate). Near this, on a lower level and with access to the Rua de São Sebastião, is the Chapel of Senhor dos Passos. The irregular plan consists of the vestiges of the old municipal house, with a rectangular, contemporary tower over its eastern edge.
|
|
Depiction of a Collasuyu party in the 17th century book Primer Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno of Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala. The debate about the patrimonial identity of the Diablada concerns its roots as well. Chilean and Peruvian organizations suggest that since this dance is inspired in the Andean civilizations previous to the formation of the current national borders, it should belong equally to the three nations and other Andean states such as Argentina and Ecuador as well. Bolivian cultural organizations and government label this as an "unlawful cultural heritage appropriation" and consider that the declaration of the Carnaval de Oruro as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity gives Bolivia and the city of Oruro support on this claim.
|
|
Bezhan was the second of Giorgi IV Dadiani by his wife, Sevdia Mikeladze, whom Giorgi divorced, in 1701, to marry Tamar, daughter of the powerful prince Giorgi-Malakia Abashidze, sometime King of Imereti. In 1704, Giorgi made his eldest son, Katsia, prince of Mingrelia and installed Bezhan as lord of Lechkhumi, of which he had dispossessed his younger brother, Iese. Giorgi himself retired to the patrimonial fiefdom of Salipartiano, but continued to wield significant influence on his sons until 1709, when Katsia and Bezhan—who never forgave Giorgi for divorcing their mother—forced Giorgi into flight to Abkhazia. Giorgi returned as prince of Mingrelia after Katsia's death in 1710, but his renewed authority was challenged by Bezhan, who enjoyed support of King George VII of Imereti.
|
|
The first of the murders he committed took place on February 8, 1996, in Merano, where, with a gunshot to the back of the head, he killed 61-year-old Hans-Otto Detmering, an official for the Deutsche Bundesbank, and his Italian mistress, 50-year-old Clorinda Cecchetti: both were killed while walking along the Passer stream. At first it was thought to be of an economic-patrimonial motive, linked to a private matter of the German banker. It was also suggested to be a crime of passion, for which Detmering's wife was a suspect, but the investigative hypothesis remained unanswered. On February 14, in the Merano area of Sinigo, a 58-year-old farmer, Umberto Marchioro, was shot in the head near his home.
|
|
Since she did not live at court, but in Essex (at either the castles of Rochford or Pleshey) it is likely her wards lived with her there (she also had custody of Richard de Vere, heir to the earldom of Oxford). Joan received an annuity to pay for his upkeep which had increased from £100 to £300 by 1410, in which year he left her wardship and became a ward of the king in the royal household. At the same time, even though still a minor, Mowbray began gradually receiving some of his patrimonial estates back from the crown. Thirteen at the time of his brother's death, he was made a ward of the Earl of Westmorland in 1411, who paid £2,000 for John's custody and marriage.
|
|
Elst p. 470. The 1993 copyright law contained a list of allowed free uses of copyrighted works, similar to may other countries' laws. Free uses only related to limitations on the patrimonial rights of an author on a work; his moral rights remained untouched. Any free use was subject to the condition that it did not impede an author's legitimate rights and did not harm the normal exploitation of a work.Elst p. 429; see also §16(5) of the law. The free uses contained provisions on reproductions made purely for personal uses and on archival copies (backups), as well as quotation rights, and provisions on news reporting (including a provision allowing the reproduction of previously published news reports in other newspapers or broadcasts.)Elst p. 429ff.
|
|
However, wide areas of peat production, such as rain-fed sphagnum bogs, also called blanket bogs or raised bogs, are now protected because of their patrimonial interest. As an example, Flow Country, covering 4,000 square kilometres of rolling expanse of blanket bogs in Scotland, is now candidate for being included in the World Heritage List. Under present-day global warming peat soils are thought to be involved in a self-reinforcing (positive feedback) process of increased emission of greenhouse gases (methane and carbon dioxide) and increased temperature, a contention which is still under debate when replaced at field scale and including stimulated plant growth.. Geophagy is the practice of eating soil-like substances. Both animals and humans occasionally consume soil for medicinal, recreational, or religious purposes.
|
|
The involvement of the bishops was, according to their letter, "by custom" (sicut consuetudo). This custom had been formalised by the Third Council of Toledo in 589, which mandated annual provincial councils of bishops and fiscal agents (actores fiscalium patrimoniorum) so that the latter would be just in their dealings with the people. The circumstances and tenor of the letter strongly suggest that the tax was levied on the entire rate-paying (predominantly Roman) population of the province, while the "patrimonial" nature of the levy indicates that it went to the royal treasury. It may be a relict of the one third of land, in the form of land taxes, that went to the Visigothic king at the time of the conquest, while the remaining two thirds went to his followers.
|
|
The imperial government was forced to confirm the patrimonial rights of the Bashkirs, cancel new taxes, condemn tyranny and violence of local authorities, and at the end of 1711, fighting in the region ceased. The embassy of Bashkirs again swore allegiance to the emperor only in 1725. The victory was Pyrrhic, human and material losses were huge. Even though the last war of this period took place during the second half of Peter's reign, considering the results of this episode, this war was more typical of the Muscovite period than of Peter the Great's reign because it ended in the misleading impression on the part of Bashkirs that they had emerged victorious in appearance and the central government stepped back whichwas good enough for Bashkirs at the moment.
|
|
On 19 October 1794, French troops marched into Simmern, ending the Electorate of the Palatinate rule. Patrimonial hierarchy (Erbuntertänigkeit – an arrangement similar to serfdom, but without the lord's actual ownership of the subjects), with its compulsory labour for the enfeoffed lord and its tithes was then abolished, but new compulsory labour for the French army weighed even more heavily on the people. The official cession of the Rhine’s left bank to France in 1797 led to administrative restructuring. The nobility lost their holdings, churches and monasteries were expropriated and estates could be acquired by those who had hitherto been their tenants. Keidelheim was grouped with 12 other municipalities into the Mairie (“Mayoralty”) of Simmern in the Canton of Simmern, thereby making it part of the Department of Rhin-et- Moselle, whose seat was at Koblenz.
|
|
All-round upgrade in the same time had only given final accord to the appearance of Volyn' nicest palace residence. No sooner remaining owner of Mnisheks four years later having succeeded into patrimonial rights as he had to leave to France bringing along most valuable family relics which was two thousands books, family portraits, letters, heraldry researches. In the same time Vyshnivets palace for many years became a place of bargaining trade off where many previously thoughtfully and mindfully collected items were sold out, all that a laymen would be happy to pay cash for. For more than sixty years (1852–1913) castle changed nine owners, that despite their titles and social status used one of the most lavish European palaces as the mean to accrue their perpetually depleting banking accounts.
|
|
He abdicated in favour of his son, García II, the Trembler, in whose time the Leónese and Navarrese together were routed at Valdejunquera. Sancho III, the Great, was one of the monarchs who most influenced Spanish history; he was eventually King of Navarre, Castile, Aragón, and Sobrarbe. At his death (1035) he divided his kingdoms, giving Navarre to his eldest son García, Castile, with the title of King, to Fernando, Aragón to Ramiro, and Sobrarbe to Gonzálo. This fashion of regarding the various states as patrimonial possessions – an idea borrowed from French feudalism, and previously unknown in the Spanish kingdoms – was introduced at this time; it resulted in the numerous divisions which led to so many wars and which long formed an obstacle to the unity of the Reconquest in the West.
|
|
In 2007, the film was brought back to Buenos Aires by Fernando Krichmar, a member of the Grupo Cine Insurgente (Insurgent Cine Group), and Aprocinain (Asociación para el Apoyo Patrimonial Audiovisual y la Cinemateca Nacional) made another copy of it to insure its preservation. In this film documentary, Enrique Juárez used a multiplicity of voice-overs (among which an anonymous narrator and an anonymous Peronist activist, among others) against censorship exerted by the hegemonic discourse — the voices are in fact those of Juárez himself, the actor Héctor Alterio, etc. The film itself was almost exclusively composed from media images, with the editing used to contradict the official discourse by using contradictory voices and images (i.e. a civil servant of Juan Carlos Onganía's dictatorship states that everything is well, contradicted by images showing the Cordobazo riots).
|
|
Sociopsychological theorists go on to argue that because of these differences, it is difficult for a woman to enter a profession heavily dominated by men because they are likely to be viewed as incompetent or less competent than their male counterparts. It has been argued that this fear of incompetency has led women to embrace more masculine characteristics at the expense of femininity. In addition to predictions about the effects of personality traits on the role of women in the workforce, sociopsychological theorists argue that women's representation is largely due to the role of sociological stereotypes and stigmas about the place of women in society. Because it is so widely held (in patrimonial societies) that women are responsible for domestic duties and child-rearing, it has been more difficult for them to advance professionally.
|
|
The Castle of Pinhel dates from the reign of King Denis and the keep tower from his descendant, King Manuel I. Pinhel's strategic position, along the frontier with Spain, made the monarchs of Portugal retain many of these fortifications, as well as allowing the development of their territorial claims. The historical centre, with its narrow roadways, were adapted from the morphology of the terrain, with many patrimonial references to the medieval and modern eras. The homes of the city of Pinhel, some dating from the 16th century, includes some lost references to the presence of a Jewish population at one time, such as along the Rua de Santa Maria. Pinhel was, for a long time, the seat of its own diocese, before being incorporated into the Diocese of Guarda.
|
|
US President Richard Nixon (left) and Luis Echeverría reviewing US troops (1972) Echeverría was the first president born after the Mexican Revolution. Once Echeverría inaugurated as president, he embarked on a massive program of populist political and economic reform, nationalizing the mining and electrical industries, redistributing private land in the states of Sinaloa and Sonora to peasants, imposing limits on foreign investment, and extending Mexico's patrimonial waters to . State spending on health, housing construction, education, and food subsidies was also significantly increased,The Penguin History of Latin America by Edwin Williamson and the percentage of the population covered by the social security system was doubled.Gendered struggles against globalisation in Mexico by Teresa Healy He enraged the left because he did not bring the perpetrators of the 1971 Corpus Christi massacre to justice.
|
|
Alberta iela designed by Mikhail Eisenstein It is generally recognized that Riga has largest collection of Art Nouveau buildings in the world. This is due to the fact that at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, when Art Nouveau was at the height of its popularity, Riga experienced an unprecedented financial and demographic boom. In the period from 1857 to 1914 its population grew from 282,000 (256,200 in Riga itself and another 26,200 inhabitants beyond the city limits in patrimonial district and military town of Ust-Dvinsk) to 558,000 making it the 4th largest city in the Russian Empire (after Saint Petersburg, Moscow and Warsaw) and its largest port. The middle class of Riga used their acquired wealth to build imposing apartment blocks outside the former city walls.
|
|
The key, the epithet symbol of the Saint Simon Petrus, has become the symbol of the city of Bremen (see Coat of arms of Bremen), the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (two criss-crossed argent (silver) keys on a gules (red) background, see in the left part of the Bremen- Verden's seal) and of the Bremian city of Stade. The territory of the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen consisted of a number of sub-entities. The only thing they all had in common was, that the prior archbishops or capitulars or the Chapter as a collective obtained some secular power in them by way of purchase, application of force, usurpation, commendation, pledge, donation etc. The prior archiepiscopal authorities didn't have succeeded in almost any of the sub-entities to gain all the power, be it judicial, patrimonial, parochial, fiscal, feudal or else what.
|
|
The headquarters of IGESPAR (Institute for the Management of Architectural and Archaeological Heritage), the institute that succeeded the DEGMEN, located in a portion of the Palace of Ajuda The Fort of Sacavém, the home to SIPA (Information System of Patrimonial Architecture), the database for nationally registered monuments The first documented peoples to occupy the western coast of Iberia were the "Ostrimni" recorded in Ancient Latin poetry, whose territory stretched from Galicia (in northwestern Spain) to the Algarve (southern area of Portugal). The Greeks called the area of Portugal Ophiussa, and its inhabitants the Ophi. The serpent-worshipping Ophis are believed to have been a Celtic culture. These areas were eventually conquered, settled and assimilated by Indo-European peoples, made up of two probable invasions, the first by Proto-Celts who became the celebrated Lusitanians and the second by more developed Celts.
|
|
Although each province could assign its own stadtholder, most stadtholders held appointments from several provinces at the same time. The highest executive power was normally exerted by the sovereign states of each province, but the stadtholder had some prerogatives, like appointing lower officials and sometimes having the ancient right to affirm the appointment (by co-option) of the members of regent councils or choose burgomasters from a shortlist of candidates. As these councils themselves appointed most members of the states, the stadtholder could very indirectly influence the general policy. In Zeeland the Princes of Orange, who after the Dutch Revolt most often held the office of stadtholder there, held the dignity of First Noble, and were as such a member of the states of that province, because they held the title of Marquis of Veere and Flushing as one of their patrimonial titles.
|
|
Piketty's work shows that differences in earnings dropped sharply during the 20th century in France, mostly after World War II. He argues that this was due to a decrease in estate inequalities, while wage inequalities remained stable. The shrinking inequality during this period, Piketty says, resulted from a highly progressive income tax after the war, which upset the dynamics of estate accumulation by reducing the surplus money available for saving by the wealthiest. The normative conclusion Piketty draws is that a tax cut and thus a decrease in the financial contribution to society of the wealthy that has been happening in France since the late 1990s will assist in the rebuilding of the earlier large fortunes of the rentier class. This trend will lead to the rise of what he calls patrimonial capitalism, in which a few families control most of the wealth.
|
|
Ashot was the son of the Iberian nobleman Adarnase who had founded the Bagratoni hereditary fiefdom in Tao-Klarjeti (now northeast Turkey) and bequeathed to his son extensive possessions acquired upon the extinction of his Guaramid and Chosroid cousins. Ashot initially failed to gain a foothold in central Iberia (Shida Kartli), his efforts being dashed by the Arab control of Tiflis. Ashot established himself in his patrimonial duchy of Klarjeti, where he restored the castle of Artanuji said to have been built by the Iberian king Vakhtang I Gorgasali in the 5th century, and received the Byzantine protection, being recognized as the presiding prince and Kouropalates of Iberia. To revive the country devastated by the Arabs and cholera epidemics, he patronized the local monastic communities established by Grigol Khandzteli, and encouraged the settlement of the Georgians in the region.
|
|
Incurable insanity was retained as a ground for divorce, but the minimum period of mental illness was shortened considerably, while the continuous unconsciousness of one of the spouses for a minimum period of six months was added as a new ground. This shift from fault to failure was also reflected (albeit to a lesser extent) in the statutory provisions governing the patrimonial consequences of divorce. Customary-law marriages, whether entered into before or after the commencement of the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act, can (like common-law marriages) only be dissolved by a court order. This jurisdiction vests in the High Court, a family court established under any law or a Divorce Court established in terms of section 10 of the Administration Amendment Act 1929, but which has exactly the same jurisdiction as any High Court.
|
|
A manuscript of Davitiani by D. Guramishvili 2 Ukrainian hryvnia jubilee coin Born in the village of Gorisubani into the Georgian princely (tavadi) family of Guramishvili (a branch of the greater Amilakhvari house), Davit Guramishvili spent his early years in his patrimonial estate near Saguramo. As an eighteen-year-old he took part in the battle of Zedavela, which resulted in the defeat of King Vakhtang VI of Kartli at the hands of Ottoman army, Dagestani clansmen and renegade Georgians that plunged Georgia into complete anarchy. This period is chronicled in several sections of Guramishvili's Davitiani (დავითიანი) conventionally called Georgia’s Afflictions (ქართლის ჭირი). In 1727/8 Guramishvili was snatched from his bride by the marauding tribesmen from Dagestan and spent several months in captivity before he managed to escape and make his way on foot to the north.
|
|
Emma Nozzi director proceeds to his rescue and exhibition as a historical and patrimonial vehicle in front "7 de Marzo" square. However, in this area was built a Civic Center thus shoved to "La Pichona" in the then Club Hípico Fuerte del Carmen, exposed to damage, vandalism and inclement weather. After several political efforts to rescue the cart had not proven, in 2009 the Pozzo Ardizzi family decided directly retrieve "La Pichona " and Alberto Pozzo Ardizzi requested for the restoration to the blacksmith Luis Facio. Upon completion of the work that required 8 months of arduous and meticulous work, "La Pichona", possibly one of the few vehicles of similar characteristics that are still in Argentina, was deposited in a square on January 8, 2011, between Bernal and Hipólito Yrigoyen streets of the city of Carmen de Patagones province of Buenos Aires.
|
|
Pteleos alone remained in Venetian hands until 1470. The newly conquered region was initially the patrimonial domain of the powerful marcher-lord Turahan Bey (died 1456) and of his son Ömer Bey (died 1484) rather than a regular province. Turahan and his heirs brought in settlers from Anatolia (the so-called "Konyalis" or "Koniarides" since most were from the region around Konya) to repopulate the sparsely inhabited area, and soon, Muslim settlers or converts dominated the lowlands, while the Christians held the mountains around the Thessalian plain. The area was generally peaceful, but banditry was endemic, and led to the creation of the first state-sanctioned Christian autonomies known as armatoliks, the earliest and most notable of which was that of Agrafa. Failed Greek uprisings occurred in 1600/1 and 1612, and during the Morean War and the Orlov Revolt.
|
|
Kruger v Coetzee1966 (2) SA 428 (A). is an important case in South African law, in particular in the law of delict and on the question of negligence. In an action for damages alleged to have been caused by the defendant's negligence, culpa arises, for the purposes of liability, only if a diligens paterfamilias in the position of the defendant not only would have foreseen the reasonable possibility of his conduct injuring another in his person or property and causing him patrimonial loss, but would also have taken reasonable steps to guard against such an occurrence, and if the defendant failed to take such steps. Whether a diligens paterfamilias in the position of the person concerned would take any guarding steps at all, and, if so, what steps would be reasonable, must always depend upon the particular circumstances of each case.
|
|
In 1517 the town was known as Kozí Lúčka from 1539 as Kozí Loučka, from 1630 as Kozí Loučky, from 1654 as Liczel (or Litzel) from 1672 as Litschel, 1684 as Lietschl, 1751 as Litschl, 1771 as Luczkium and in 1828 as Lutschel.Místopisný rejstřík obcí českého Slezska a severní Moravy (S. 194) (PDF; 2,2 MB) The village had 14 residents in 1569. The register books were located in Valašské Meziříčísince 1683, in Hustopeče nad Bečvou since 1683 and were relocated to Špičky in 1771. In 1830, the village contained 14 village houses with a total of 176 residents. Until the middle of the 19th century Litschel was subject to the Moravian Weisskirchen. After the repeal of the patrimonial subjugation in 1850, Litschel / Kozíloučky became a neighborhood of the Hermitz / Heřmanice area in the Bezirkshauptmannschaft Moravian Weisskirchen.
|
|
In Stein's words, > Previously resistant aristocracies were eventually won over in early modern > Europe by being offered state offices and honours and by being protected in > their patrimonial wealth, but this was only after monarchies had proven > their ability to defeat antiquated feudal forces and had found alternative > resources in cities and from trade. In southern India, none of the pre-1760 regimes were able to achieve the "fiscal absolutism" of their European contemporaries. Local chieftains, who had close ties with their social groups, and who had only recently risen from them, opposed the excessive monetary demands of a more powerful regional ruler. Consequently, the larger states of this period in southern India, were not able to entirely change their mode of creating wealth from one of extracting tribute payments, which were seldom regular, to that of direct collection of taxes by government officials.
|
|
Argbed (Middle Persian: hlgwpt; in Parthian: hrkpty Hargbed;Paikuli inscription, line 16 etymology uncertain; in Roman sources: archapetēs) were a class of military commanders in charge of castles and fortresses of the Parthian and Sasanian Empires of Persia (Iran) between the 2nd and 7th centuries CE. The office became more important under the Sasanian Empire. Argbeds were granted their command by the Sassanian emperor (Shahanshah) and were responsible for maintaining the security of their area of operation (usually a trading post, military fortress, or city), fighting the encroaching nomadic tribes such as Bedouin Arabs, White Huns and Oghuz Turks, and resisting the advances of settled enemies such as Romans and Kushans. The Sasanian king usually selected Argbeds from wuzurgan, Iranian noble families who held the most powerful positions in the imperial administration. This rank, like most imperial administration, was mostly patrimonial, and was passed down through a single family for generations.
|
|
Coptic Orthodox Church of Archangel Michael and St. Mena in Staten Island Historically, Oriental Orthodoxy was introduced to North America during the 19th century, mainly through emigration of Christians from the Middle East, Caucasus, North Africa and India. Honoring such diverse heritage, Oriental Orthodoxy in North America is traditionally organized in accordance with patrimonial jurisdictions of autocephalous Oriental Orthodox Churches, each of them having its own hierarchy with dioceses and parishes. Armenian Apostolic Church has two jurisdictions in North America: under the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin there are three dioceses, two in the United States (eastern and western), and one in Canada;The Armenian Church of America while under the Holy See of Cilicia there are also two dioceses in the United States (eastern and western), and one in Canada (see: Armenian (Cilician) Diocese of Canada). Coptic Orthodox Church in North America also has several dioceses.
|
|
Politically, the system of government created by Kublai Khan was the product of a compromise between Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system. Nevertheless, socially the educated Chinese elite were in general not given the degree of esteem that they had been accorded previously under native Chinese dynasties. Although the traditional Chinese elite were not given their share of power, the Mongols and the Semu people (various allied groups from Central Asia and the western end of the empire) largely remained strangers to the mainstream Chinese culture, and this dichotomy gave the Yuan regime a somewhat strong "colonial" coloration. The unequal treatment is possibly due to the fear of transferring power to the ethnic Chinese under their rule. The Mongols and Semuren were given certain advantages in the dynasty, and this would last even after the restoration of the imperial examination in the early 14th century.
|
|
Lambert, Pierre; Guide Patrimonial de Beloeil et de Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil; Mont-Saint- Hilaire, Société d'histoire de Belœil-Mont-Saint-Hilaire, 1994Cardinal, Armand, Les Fondateurs de Saint-Hilaire, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Éditions Mille Roches, 1983 worst train disaster in the history of Canada killed 99 on the bridge between Mont-Saint-Hilaire and Belœil-Station By 1768, however, the local population had grown to the point where a request to the Bishop of Quebec for the establishment of a mission was successful. In 1772, a presbytery-chapel was completed, and the registry of the parish of Saint- Mathieu-de-Belœil, was opened.Desnoyers, Isidore; La Petite Histoire — Paroisse Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Beloeil, Comité des fête du deuxième centennaire de la paroisse, 1875/1972. The parish received its first resident priest the next year, then, in 1775, François Noiseux became local priest and, under his guidance and with his financing, the parish would build its first church from 1784 to 1787.
|
|
The king slid Wilfred's blood-stained fingers over the Count's copper shield, and thus was the Senyera first born, with its four pallets in Gules on Or. As much as this legend is popular and extended, there is no historical evidence to support it. Wilfred's actions as a Frankish vassal towards carving out his own domain from several counties and moving out of the sphere of influence of the Carolingian crown -- coupled with his re- creation of the County of Ausona and the restoration of the Bishopric of Vic -- laid out the territorial and patrimonial base for the House of Barcelona. As such, Wilfred has retrospectively been identified with the creation of Catalonia, even though a written reference to such a territorial entity would not appear until more than two centuries later in the Liber maiolichinus de gestis Pisanorum illustribus, a 12th-century Pisan manuscript describing the raids of 1114 by Pisans and Catalans on the island of Mallorca.
|
|
The Treaty of Lisbon, which forms the constitutional basis of the European Union, was signed at the Jerónimos Monastery in 2007. The Carnation Revolution, which took place on 25 April 1974, ended the right-wing Estado Novo regime and reformed the country to become as it is today, the Portuguese Third Republic. In the 1990s, many of the districts were renovated and projects in the historic quarters were established to modernise those areas, for instance, architectural and patrimonial buildings were renovated, the northern margin of the Tagus was re-purposed for leisure and residential use, the Vasco da Gama Bridge was constructed and the eastern part of the municipality was re- purposed for Expo '98 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Vasco da Gama's sea voyage to India, a voyage that would bring immense riches to Lisbon and cause many of Lisbon's landmarks to be built. In 1988, a fire in the historical district of Chiado saw the destruction of many 18th-century Pombaline style buildings.
|
|
89 In 312 BC, Macedonian general Antigonus I Monophthalmus sent Docimus and Medeius to free the city and grant autonomy, restoring the democratic patrimonial regime. In 301 BC, after Antigonus I was killed in the Battle of Ipsus by the coalition of Lysimachus, Cassander, and Seleucus I Nicator, founder of the Seleucid Empire, Miletus maintained good relations with all the successors after Seleucus I Nicator made substantial donations to the sanctuary of Didyma and returned the statue of Apollo that had been stolen by the Persians in 494 BC. A lion statue from Miletus in Berlin Male torso, Parian marble, ca. 480 BC–470 BC, found in Miletus. In 295 BC Antigonus I's son Demetrius Poliorcetes was the eponymous archon (stephanephorus) in the city, which allied with Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt, while Lysimachus assumed power in the region, enforcing a strict policy towards the Greek cities by imposing high taxes, forcing Miletus to resort to lending.
|
|
The House of Habsburg-Lorraine () originated from the marriage in 1736 of Francis III, Duke of Lorraine and Bar, and Maria Theresa of Austria, later successively Queen of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary and Archduchess of Austria. Its members are the legitimate surviving line of the House of Habsburg and the House of Lorraine, inheriting their patrimonial possessions and vocation to the Empire from the female descendants of the House of Habsburg and the male line of the House of Lorraine. The House of Habsburg takes its name from Habsburg Castle, a fortress built in the 1020s by Count Radbot of Klettgau in Aargau, present-day Switzerland. His grandson, Otto II, was the first to take on the name of the fortress as his own, adding Graf von Habsburg ("Count of Habsburg") to his title. The House of Habsburg gathered dynastic momentum during the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries, and in 1273, Radbot's seventh- generation descendant Rudolph of Habsburg became Roman-German King.
|
|
Its Order of Mass drew elements also from the original Book of Common Prayer, from different later versions of it, from the Tridentine Mass and from the Roman Rite as revised after the Second Vatican Council.Patrimony: The Order of Mass for the Anglican Ordinariates Those personal-ordinariate communities that had provisionally been using the 1984-approved Book of Divine Worship adopted this new liturgy at the end of 2013. The Holy See's 'Anglicanae Traditiones Commission' that developed the updated form of Anglican patrimonial liturgy used the Book of Divine Worship as its "lead" source.Sacra Liturgia, 9 July 2016, "Mgr Burnham speaks at Sacra Liturgia London 2016" In the new liturgical books for the personal ordinariates, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and the Congregation for Divine Worship retained the generic title, "Divine Worship", for the entire liturgical provision for the personal ordinariates, dropping the "Book of" naming convention in favour of "Divine Worship: The Missal".
|
|
Martín Duque, 895. On the death of García Ordóñez at the Battle of Uclés (1108), the tenencias of Grañón, Nájera and Haro passed to Diego by an act of Alfonso VI. In June 1110 Diego received a grant of privileges from Queen Urraca, acting without the consent of Alfonso the Battler, whereby she gave all his patrimonial lands (that is, lands he owned, not fiscal lands he governed on behalf of the crown) complete immunity from confiscation. In August Urraca, then advancing with her army on Zaragoza, confirmed some rights and privileges of the monastery of San Millán de la Cogolla, an act confirmed by the three most important magnates of the region: Sancho, Count of Pamplona, Diego, described as senior in Nagera,The title senior (modern Spanish señor) was preferred in Navarre, whereas in Castile the form dominus (modern Spanish don) was more common. and Íñigo Jiménez de los Cameros, dominante in Calahorra.Canal Sánchez-Pagín, 8–10.
|
|
Although it seems that much of The Elements of Law was composed before the sitting of the Short Parliament, there are polemical pieces of the work that clearly mark the influences of the rising political crisis. Nevertheless, many (though not all) elements of Hobbes's political thought were unchanged between The Elements of Law and Leviathan, which demonstrates that the events of the English Civil War had little effect on his contractarian methodology. However, the arguments in Leviathan were modified from The Elements of Law when it came to the necessity of consent in creating political obligation: Hobbes wrote in The Elements of Law that Patrimonial kingdoms were not necessarily formed by the consent of the governed, while in Leviathan he argued that they were. This was perhaps a reflection either of Hobbes's thoughts about the engagement controversy or of his reaction to treatises published by Patriarchalists, such as Sir Robert Filmer, between 1640 and 1651.
|
|
Here Archbshop-elector Clemens appointed him to the electoral governing council as a patrimonial seneschal of the (sub-)Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück where, for historical reasons, and unusually for the Holy Roman Empire, the constitutional structures were configured to acknowledge the existence of both Protestants and Catholics. In 1744 von Bar removed himself to Hamburg, after which he devoted himself entirely to his writing, inspired by epistolatory and other friendships with contemporary literary figures such as Barthold Heinrich Brockes, Friedrich von Hagedorn and Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock. By this time von Bar's reputation already extended well beyond just one region, primarily on account of his "Epîtres diverses sur des sujets diverses", a volume of francophone letters "on diverse matters" which he had published in 1740, and which subsequently, in 1756, translated into German. On the strength of this volume he has been described in several sources as "the best French poet of the Germans".
|
|
The Court estimated "the patrimonial incidence of a procedure pertaining to the conditions of practice of a right of political nature does nor confer to it a civil nature" and "the decision of the Constitutional Council has not deprived the plaintiff of property in any amount of money but has only obliged the plaintiff to reimburse to the state a million francs because he did not meet the legal conditions to claim the contractual reimbursement of the campaign expenses". In November 2010, in the wake of an on the financing of Édouard Balladur's 1995 presidential campaign, Raphaëlle Bacqué and Pascale Robert-Diard wrote in Le Monde the Constitutional Council had hesitated to validate his campaign accounts, as they showed 10 million francs in receipts of unknown origin. This, according to Le Parisien, was later confirmed by Jacques Robert, a member of the court. According to Les Inrockuptibles, Jacques Robert said: "In order to show that we were independent, we invalidated Jacques Cheminade, even though he had only committed minor errors".
|
|
Dominique Reynié studies and describes the growing phenomena of populism and nationalism, particularly in reaction to globalization and with respect to the increased economic competition that it generates.Dominique Reynié : "Face à la mondialisation, la réponse que les Européens attendent ne vient pas", Toute l'Europe, April 11, 2007 He also coined the concept of "patrimonial populism", a phenomenon he describes as "the political exploitation of the fear of losing one’s tangible and intangible heritage".Dominique Reynié : «Le rapport désinvolte à la frontière est la faute historique des responsables européens», le Figaro, March 5, 2018 According to him, a "part of Europeans now lives with the fear of a collective downgrade, a fear which could be combined with that of a personal downgrade".Dominique Reynié : "Le populisme, symptôme d'une crise historique", le JDD, December 28, 2014Le «nouveau populisme» ratisse large, Libération, April 19, 2011 Dominique Reynié contemplates the strengthening of a "European public power" and the reaffirmation of Europe's borders as one of the possible answers to the rise of populism in Europe.
|
|
This > canonical term, pregnant with many juridical nuances, indicates the God- > given mission of the Oriental Catholic Churches to keep up their patrimonial > autonomous nature. And the autonomy of these churches is relative in the > sense that it is under the supreme authority of the Roman Pontiff. :—Fr. > Thomas Kuzhinapurath, Salvific Law, 1998Original italian: "Una Chiesa > Orientale cattolica è una parte della Chiesa Universale che vive la fede in > modo corrispondente ad una delle cinque grandi tradizioni orientali- > Alessandrina, Antiochena, Costantinopolitina, Caldea, Armena- e che contiene > o è almeno capace di contenere, come sue componenti minori, più comunità > diocesane gerarchicamente riunite sotto la guida di un capo comune > legittimamente eletto e in comunione con Roma, il quale con il proprio > Sinodo costituisce la superiore istanza per tutti gli affari di carattere > amministrativo, legislativo e giudiziario delle stesse Communità, > nell'ambito del diritto comune a tutte le Chiese, determinato nei Canoni > sanciti dai Concili Ecumenici o del Romano Pontefice, sempre preservando il > diritto di quest'ultimo di intervenire nei singoli casi". pp. > 103–104.
|
|
The highest executive power was exerted by the sovereign States of each province, but the stadtholder had some prerogatives, such as appointing of lower officials and at times the ancient right to affirm the appointment (by co-option) of the members of regent councils or choose burgomasters from a shortlist of candidates. As these councils themselves appointed most members of the States, the stadtholder could very indirectly influence the general policy over the course of time. In Zeeland the Princes of Orange, who after the Dutch Revolt most often held the office of stadtholder there, held the dignity of First Noble, and were as such a member of the States of that province, thanks to the fact that they held the title of Marquis of Veere and Flushing as one of their patrimonial titles. In times of war, stadtholder, who, since the Prince of Orange was also appointed Captain-General (see above) and thus commanded the army, had much more influence and thus would have more power than the Councillor Pensionary.
|
|
Andrey Kurkov "Book discoveries-2014 of the famous book lovers" Chytomo "Oleh Shynkarenko's novel "Kaharlyk" is assembled from many of one- hundred-words units and best of all suited to my understanding of the hologram-novel, a novel that consists of artfully carved puzzles which a reader has to collect in a complete picture of a fictional life invented by the author. However, that invented life has coincided largely with the new reality that came to Ukraine late last year. But real Ukrainian life approaching to the novel "Kagarlyk" is not decisive for me in evaluating this wonderful and talented work". Mykhaylo Brynych "Just a little and there will be Kaharlyk" Litaccent "The novel despite its small size is stuffed with many interesting ideas and their combination even pretends to absolute originality..." "They grow potatoe at the Independence Square in Kyiv, ruins of "Achan" supermarket are bequeathed as a legacy like a patrimonial castle, several insane contenders to the Kyiv mayor position are trying to shoot down each others".
|
|
After their return to Istanbul, Osman II announced his desire to perform the pilgrimage to Mecca; in fact this was a plan to recruit a new and more loyal army in Anatolia, out of the bandit-mercenary forces which had taken part in the Celali Rebellions and the Ottomans' wars with the Habsburgs and Safavids. To prevent him from carrying out this plan, the imperial army launched a revolt on May 18, 1622 and two days later, with the approval of the Şeyhülislâm, executed Sultan Osman II. This event, the legally approved regicide of a reigning Ottoman monarch, cemented the empire's transformation from a patrimonial empire into one in which power was shared between various loci of authority. The regicide was followed by the revolt of Abaza Mehmed Pasha, then governor of Erzurum, who vowed to take revenge upon the sultan's killers and massacred the janissaries wherever he found them. Mustafa I, who had been enthroned for the second time, was soon deposed yet again and replaced by Ahmed I's son Murad IV, still a child.
|
|
His widow Komnina recovered control of her patrimonial territory, and ruled it thereafter jointly with her daughter Ruđina. Berat however had already fallen to the Muzaka, and their lordship was now confined to the area around Valona, with Kanina, Himara and the fort of Pyrgos.Fine (1994), pp. 390–391 Map of the Balkans 1345-1541 The principality was now faced with the ever-increasing Ottoman threat; in 1386, Balša's widow offered to cede Valona to Venice in exchange for aid, but the Republic refused, since Valona alone without her hinterland was indefensible. Following the decisive Ottoman victory at the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, the situation became yet more precarious. A similar offer in 1393 was also rejected by a Venice anxious not to antagonize the Ottomans, but another, more comprehensive proposal, followed two years later. Through the bishop of Albania, the widow offered to the handover of the entire principality in exchange for a lifelong pension for her and her family of some 7,000 ducats drawn, from the principality's revenue (estimated at 9,000 ducats). Negotiations faltered after the widow's death in 1396.
|
|
In December 1999, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 1284, replacing UNSCOM with the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission, also known as UNMOVIC. Four countries – among them Russia, France and China – abstained from voting on Res. 1284, which led the Iraqi regime to reject the resolution because they saw the resolution as a way for the UN to claim Iraq as a "protectorate".Tripp, 269 UNSCOM's intention of identifying and eliminating Iraqi weapons programs resulted in numerous successes, illustrating the "value of a system approach to biological arms verification". But the overall effect of the UN sanctions on Iraqi in the 1990s had some negative effects on the Iraqi people.Black, 68 Graham-Brown (2000) and Halliday (1999) argued the sanctions caused malnutrition rates among Iraqis to increase and infant mortality rates to soar, exacting a heavy toll on ordinary Iraqi civilians not part of Saddam's patrimonial "shadow state".Graham-Brown, Sarah, "Sanctioning Iraq: A Failed Policy", Middle East Report, No. 215 (Summer, 2000), pp. 8–10Halliday, Denis J., "The Impact of the UN Sanctions on the People of Iraq", Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol.
|
|
The planned action will also cover the replacement of exterior carpentry and roofing, repair of cracks and painting, as well as other rehabilitation of the building, respecting its patrimonial protection conferred by the Urban Development Catalog of Huelva (PGOU) with the degree of Protection Integral Monumental, within the framework of the Law of Urban Planning in Andalusia. This comprehensive reform of the Institute has been waiting for both teachers and students of the center since 2000, arising year after year rumors that "the works will be undertaken the next course." Due to the great reform it would mean, during this time, it would not be possible to teach the classes in the center, so therefore, an alternative place should be sought until the works are finished, but it is still unknown where it would be. On October 17, 2017, a plan for the evacuation of the Bachillerato and the ESO was carried out due to the heavy rains suffered throughout the morning, which flooded all the corridors and classrooms of the High School, claiming once again the necessary action of the reform that the center needs.
|
|
Right at the start, when levying from the prince-archiepiscopal subjects the homage tax () and from all the clergy within his archdiocese the donum charitativum (also called subsidium caritativumIt was a charge, amounting to 10% of all cleric revenues, such as prebendaries and the like, levied by a new bishop after his investiture.) in order to recover the papal fees, Rode had to realise that a prince-archbishop lacking a local power base cannot assert himself. In fulfilment of his election capitulation, and in order to strengthen his position, Rode aimed at regaining and reassuring prince-archiepiscopal privileges and estates which had been pawned or alienated under Henry II. Between 1498 and 1500 he prompted the edition of the Registrum bonorum et Iurium Castri Vorde citra et ultra Oestam (Vörde Register), a register of all estates, privileges, easements etc. pertaining to Vörde Castle, the prince- archiepiscopal residence.The Registrum bonorum refers to the Börden (districts of patrimonial jurisdiction) of Oerel, Lamstedt, Mulsum, Bargstedt, Ahlerstedt, Oldendorf, Selsingen, Heeslingen, Sittensen, Elsdorf and Altenwalde, further to the marsh district with the parishes Osten, Großenwörden and Horst, to the jurisdiction of Vieland and the Land of Wursten.
|
|