Anton Freissler, aka Anton Freißler (March 13, 1838 in Klantendorf (, Moravian–Silesian Region) – February 29, 1916) invented and developed a number of elevators including paternosters.
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Oldest Paternoster in Austria by Freissler, installed in 1911 Freissler was born in Kujavy in northern Moravia, which was a part of Austrian empire. Freissler developed paternosters and other elevators, which were sold very successfully throughout the empire and abroad. One of the oldest paternosters, installed in 1911, is still in use in the House of Industry in Vienna. Freissler was also issued an imperial warrant as a Purveyor to the Imperial and Royal Court.
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It appears as St. Martins Paternoster on an old map of Pieter Mortier. Other people believe it refers to the beads that the Khoi tribe wore that were called Paternosters.
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Paternoster elevators are only intended for transporting people; accidents have occurred when paternosters were misused for transporting bulky items such as ladders or library trolleys. The risk involved is estimated to be thirty times higher than conventional elevators; a representative of the Union of Technical Inspection Associations stated that Germany saw an average of one death per year prior to 2002, at which point many paternosters were made inaccessible to the general public. The construction of new paternosters is no longer allowed in many countries because of the high risk of accident for people who cannot use the lift properly. In 2012, an 81-year-old man was killed when he fell into the shaft of a paternoster in the Dutch city of The Hague.
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The name paternoster ("Our Father", the first two words of the Lord's Prayer in Latin) was originally applied to the device because the elevator is in the form of a loop and is thus similar to rosary beads used as an aid in reciting prayers. The construction of new paternosters was stopped in the mid-1970s out of concern for safety, but public sentiment has kept many of the remaining examples open. By far most remaining paternosters are in Europe, with 230 examples in Germany, and 68 in the Czech Republic. Only three have been identified outside Europe: one in Malaysia, one in Sri Lanka, and another in Peru.
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W. W. Skeat, ed., Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, Vol.V (Cosimo, 2008), , p. 106. It has been suggested that the differing colours associated with these verses may have been determined by the colour of prayer beads, with different coloured beads used to prompt the recitation of aves and paternosters.
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Paternosters were popular throughout the first half of the 20th century because they could carry more passengers than ordinary elevators. They were more common in continental Europe, especially in public buildings, than in the United Kingdom. They are relatively slow elevators, typically travelling at about 30 cm per second (approx. 1 ft per second), to facilitate getting on and off.
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In West Germany, new paternoster installations were banned in 1974, and there was an attempt to shut down all existing installations in 1994. However, there was a wave of popular resistance to the ban at that time, and to another prospective ban in 2015. , Germany has 231 paternosters. In April 2006, Hitachi announced plans for a modern paternoster-style elevator with computer-controlled cars and standard elevator doors to alleviate safety concerns.
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Chapter the third prescribes for the clerics "the Divine Office according to the order of the holy Roman Church, with the exception of the Psalter; wherefore (or, as soon as) they may have breviaries." The laybrothers have to say Paternosters, disposed according to the canonical hours. The brothers are to "fast from the feast of All Saints until the Nativity of the Lord," during Lent, and every Friday. The forty days' fast (obligatory in the rule of 1221), which begins Epiphany, is left free to the good will of the brothers.
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Through this and other connections, Mudditt formed relationships with many religious scholars who then published in Paternoster, including F. F. Bruce, H.L. Ellison, George H. Lang, and I. H. Marshall. In its early decades, Paternoster collaborated with other publishers, including Inter-Varsity Fellowship (later Inter-Varsity Press) and the American firm Eerdmans.Grass 2012, p69-72 Paternoster began with the publication of a children's magazine, Horizon and followed with another magazine, The Harvester,Paternoster Press Papers and a regular evangelical booklet, The Emergency Post. Also among Paternosters early works were a periodical, Science and Religion.
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In the Savage Chapel is the Pardon Brass in memory of Roger Legh who died in 1506. This was in three parts, one showing Roger kneeling with his six sons, and one showing the Mass of Saint Gregory; the other part, which is missing, is thought to have shown Roger's wife with their seven daughters. Its inscription shows that for five Paternosters, five Aves and one Creed, an indulgence will be given for 26,000 years and 26 days in purgatory. St Michael's Church from Macclesfield railway station Many of the tombs and memorials represent members of the Savage family and a high proportion of these have the forename of John.
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Around 1075 Lady Godiva refers in her will to "the circlet of precious stones which she had threaded on a cord in order that by fingering them one after another she might count her prayers exactly" (Malmesbury, "Gesta Pont.", Rolls Series 311) During the middle ages, evidence suggests that both the Our Father and the Hail Mary were recited with prayer beads. In 13th century Paris, four trade guilds existed of prayer bead makers, who were referred to as paternosterers, and the beads were referred to as paternosters, suggesting a continued link between the Our Father (Pater noster in Latin) and the prayer beads. It is recorded by a contemporary biographer that St. Aibert, who died in 1140, recited 150 Hail Marys daily, 100 with genuflexions and 50 with prostrations.
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This somewhat revolutionary > arrangement was approved by the general chapter at Cîteaux, and by Pope > Alexander III (1164). A general chapter held at Cîteaux in 1187 gave to the > Knights of Calatrava their definitive rule, which was approved in the same > year by Pope Gregory VIII. This rule, modeled upon the Cistercian customs > for lay brothers, was imposed upon the knights, besides the obligations of > the three religious vows, the rules of silence in the refectory, dormitory, > and oratory; of abstinence on four days a week, besides several fast days > during the year; they were also obliged to recite a fixed number of > paternosters for each day Hour of the Office; to sleep in their armour; to > wear, as their full dress, the Cistercian white mantle with the scarlet > cross fleur de lisée. Calatrava was subject not to Cîteaux, but to Morimond > in Champagne, the mother-house of Fitero, from which Calatrava had sprung.
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